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vfio-ccw: update documentation
The vfio-ccw documentation comes from the cover letter of the original patch submission, which shows in some parts. Give it some love; in particular: - Remove/rework statements that make sense in a cover letter, but not in regular documentation. - Fix some typos. - Describe the current limitations in more detail. Acked-by: Halil Pasic <pasic@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Reviewed-by: Dong Jia Shi <bjsdjshi@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Cornelia Huck <cohuck@redhat.com>
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Cornelia Huck
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@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ every detail. More information/reference could be found here:
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Channel_I/O
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- s390 architecture:
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s390 Principles of Operation manual (IBM Form. No. SA22-7832)
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- The existing Qemu code which implements a simple emulated channel
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- The existing QEMU code which implements a simple emulated channel
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subsystem could also be a good reference. It makes it easier to follow
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the flow.
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qemu/hw/s390x/css.c
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@ -39,22 +39,22 @@ For vfio mediated device framework:
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Motivation of vfio-ccw
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----------------------
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Currently, a guest virtualized via qemu/kvm on s390 only sees
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Typically, a guest virtualized via QEMU/KVM on s390 only sees
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paravirtualized virtio devices via the "Virtio Over Channel I/O
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(virtio-ccw)" transport. This makes virtio devices discoverable via
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standard operating system algorithms for handling channel devices.
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However this is not enough. On s390 for the majority of devices, which
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use the standard Channel I/O based mechanism, we also need to provide
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the functionality of passing through them to a Qemu virtual machine.
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the functionality of passing through them to a QEMU virtual machine.
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This includes devices that don't have a virtio counterpart (e.g. tape
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drives) or that have specific characteristics which guests want to
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exploit.
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For passing a device to a guest, we want to use the same interface as
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everybody else, namely vfio. Thus, we would like to introduce vfio
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support for channel devices. And we would like to name this new vfio
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device "vfio-ccw".
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everybody else, namely vfio. We implement this vfio support for channel
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devices via the vfio mediated device framework and the subchannel device
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driver "vfio_ccw".
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Access patterns of CCW devices
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------------------------------
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@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ As mentioned above, we realize vfio-ccw with a mdev implementation.
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Channel I/O does not have IOMMU hardware support, so the physical
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vfio-ccw device does not have an IOMMU level translation or isolation.
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Sub-channel I/O instructions are all privileged instructions, When
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Subchannel I/O instructions are all privileged instructions. When
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handling the I/O instruction interception, vfio-ccw has the software
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policing and translation how the channel program is programmed before
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it gets sent to hardware.
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@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ devices:
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- The vfio_mdev driver for the mediated vfio ccw device.
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This is provided by the mdev framework. It is a vfio device driver for
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the mdev that created by vfio_ccw.
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It realize a group of vfio device driver callbacks, adds itself to a
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It realizes a group of vfio device driver callbacks, adds itself to a
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vfio group, and registers itself to the mdev framework as a mdev
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driver.
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It uses a vfio iommu backend that uses the existing map and unmap
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@ -178,7 +178,7 @@ vfio-ccw I/O region
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An I/O region is used to accept channel program request from user
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space and store I/O interrupt result for user space to retrieve. The
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defination of the region is:
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definition of the region is:
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struct ccw_io_region {
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#define ORB_AREA_SIZE 12
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@ -198,30 +198,23 @@ irb_area stores the I/O result.
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ret_code stores a return code for each access of the region.
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vfio-ccw patches overview
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-------------------------
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vfio-ccw operation details
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--------------------------
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For now, our patches are rebased on the latest mdev implementation.
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vfio-ccw follows what vfio-pci did on the s390 paltform and uses
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vfio-iommu-type1 as the vfio iommu backend. It's a good start to launch
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the code review for vfio-ccw. Note that the implementation is far from
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complete yet; but we'd like to get feedback for the general
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architecture.
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vfio-ccw follows what vfio-pci did on the s390 platform and uses
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vfio-iommu-type1 as the vfio iommu backend.
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* CCW translation APIs
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- Description:
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These introduce a group of APIs (start with 'cp_') to do CCW
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translation. The CCWs passed in by a user space program are
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organized with their guest physical memory addresses. These APIs
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will copy the CCWs into the kernel space, and assemble a runnable
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kernel channel program by updating the guest physical addresses with
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their corresponding host physical addresses.
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- Patches:
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vfio: ccw: introduce channel program interfaces
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A group of APIs (start with 'cp_') to do CCW translation. The CCWs
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passed in by a user space program are organized with their guest
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physical memory addresses. These APIs will copy the CCWs into kernel
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space, and assemble a runnable kernel channel program by updating the
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guest physical addresses with their corresponding host physical addresses.
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Note that we have to use IDALs even for direct-access CCWs, as the
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referenced memory can be located anywhere, including above 2G.
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* vfio_ccw device driver
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- Description:
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The following patches utilizes the CCW translation APIs and introduce
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This driver utilizes the CCW translation APIs and introduces
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vfio_ccw, which is the driver for the I/O subchannel devices you want
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to pass through.
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vfio_ccw implements the following vfio ioctls:
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@ -236,20 +229,14 @@ architecture.
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This also provides the SET_IRQ ioctl to setup an event notifier to
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notify the user space program the I/O completion in an asynchronous
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way.
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- Patches:
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vfio: ccw: basic implementation for vfio_ccw driver
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vfio: ccw: introduce ccw_io_region
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vfio: ccw: realize VFIO_DEVICE_GET_REGION_INFO ioctl
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vfio: ccw: realize VFIO_DEVICE_RESET ioctl
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vfio: ccw: realize VFIO_DEVICE_G(S)ET_IRQ_INFO ioctls
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The user of vfio-ccw is not limited to Qemu, while Qemu is definitely a
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The use of vfio-ccw is not limited to QEMU, while QEMU is definitely a
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good example to get understand how these patches work. Here is a little
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bit more detail how an I/O request triggered by the Qemu guest will be
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bit more detail how an I/O request triggered by the QEMU guest will be
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handled (without error handling).
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Explanation:
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Q1-Q7: Qemu side process.
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Q1-Q7: QEMU side process.
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K1-K5: Kernel side process.
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Q1. Get I/O region info during initialization.
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@ -263,7 +250,7 @@ Q4. Write the guest channel program and ORB to the I/O region.
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K2. Translate the guest channel program to a host kernel space
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channel program, which becomes runnable for a real device.
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K3. With the necessary information contained in the orb passed in
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by Qemu, issue the ccwchain to the device.
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by QEMU, issue the ccwchain to the device.
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K4. Return the ssch CC code.
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Q5. Return the CC code to the guest.
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@ -271,7 +258,7 @@ Q5. Return the CC code to the guest.
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K5. Interrupt handler gets the I/O result and write the result to
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the I/O region.
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K6. Signal Qemu to retrieve the result.
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K6. Signal QEMU to retrieve the result.
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Q6. Get the signal and event handler reads out the result from the I/O
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region.
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Q7. Update the irb for the guest.
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@ -289,10 +276,20 @@ More information for DASD and ECKD could be found here:
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Direct-access_storage_device
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Count_key_data
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Together with the corresponding work in Qemu, we can bring the passed
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Together with the corresponding work in QEMU, we can bring the passed
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through DASD/ECKD device online in a guest now and use it as a block
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device.
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While the current code allows the guest to start channel programs via
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START SUBCHANNEL, support for HALT SUBCHANNEL or CLEAR SUBCHANNEL is
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not yet implemented.
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vfio-ccw supports classic (command mode) channel I/O only. Transport
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mode (HPF) is not supported.
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QDIO subchannels are currently not supported. Classic devices other than
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DASD/ECKD might work, but have not been tested.
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Reference
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---------
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1. ESA/s390 Principles of Operation manual (IBM Form. No. SA22-7832)
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