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CRED: Add some configurable debugging [try #6]

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Add a config option (CONFIG_DEBUG_CREDENTIALS) to turn on some debug checking
for credential management.  The additional code keeps track of the number of
pointers from task_structs to any given cred struct, and checks to see that
this number never exceeds the usage count of the cred struct (which includes
all references, not just those from task_structs).

Furthermore, if SELinux is enabled, the code also checks that the security
pointer in the cred struct is never seen to be invalid.

This attempts to catch the bug whereby inode_has_perm() faults in an nfsd
kernel thread on seeing cred->security be a NULL pointer (it appears that the
credential struct has been previously released):

	http://www.kerneloops.org/oops.php?number=252883

Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org>
This commit is contained in:
David Howells 2009-09-02 09:13:40 +01:00 committed by James Morris
parent ed6d76e4c3
commit e0e817392b
11 changed files with 346 additions and 12 deletions
Show Stats Download Patch File Download Diff File Expand all files Collapse all files

4
fs/nfsd/auth.c
View File

@ -34,6 +34,8 @@ int nfsd_setuser(struct svc_rqst *rqstp, struct svc_export *exp)
int flags = nfsexp_flags(rqstp, exp);
int ret;
validate_process_creds();
/* discard any old override before preparing the new set */
revert_creds(get_cred(current->real_cred));
new = prepare_creds();
@ -86,8 +88,10 @@ int nfsd_setuser(struct svc_rqst *rqstp, struct svc_export *exp)
else
new->cap_effective = cap_raise_nfsd_set(new->cap_effective,
new->cap_permitted);
validate_process_creds();
put_cred(override_creds(new));
put_cred(new);
validate_process_creds();
return 0;
oom:

2
fs/nfsd/nfssvc.c
View File

@ -496,7 +496,9 @@ nfsd(void *vrqstp)
/* Lock the export hash tables for reading. */
exp_readlock();
validate_process_creds();
svc_process(rqstp);
validate_process_creds();
/* Unlock export hash tables */
exp_readunlock();

3
fs/nfsd/vfs.c
View File

@ -684,6 +684,8 @@ nfsd_open(struct svc_rqst *rqstp, struct svc_fh *fhp, int type,
__be32 err;
int host_err;
validate_process_creds();
/*
* If we get here, then the client has already done an "open",
* and (hopefully) checked permission - so allow OWNER_OVERRIDE
@ -740,6 +742,7 @@ nfsd_open(struct svc_rqst *rqstp, struct svc_fh *fhp, int type,
out_nfserr:
err = nfserrno(host_err);
out:
validate_process_creds();
return err;
}

2
fs/open.c
View File

@ -959,6 +959,8 @@ struct file *dentry_open(struct dentry *dentry, struct vfsmount *mnt, int flags,
int error;
struct file *f;
validate_creds(cred);
/*
* We must always pass in a valid mount pointer. Historically
* callers got away with not passing it, but we must enforce this at

65
include/linux/cred.h
View File

@ -114,6 +114,13 @@ struct thread_group_cred {
*/
struct cred {
atomic_t usage;
#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_CREDENTIALS
atomic_t subscribers; /* number of processes subscribed */
void *put_addr;
unsigned magic;
#define CRED_MAGIC 0x43736564
#define CRED_MAGIC_DEAD 0x44656144
#endif
uid_t uid; /* real UID of the task */
gid_t gid; /* real GID of the task */
uid_t suid; /* saved UID of the task */
@ -143,6 +150,7 @@ struct cred {
};
extern void __put_cred(struct cred *);
extern void exit_creds(struct task_struct *);
extern int copy_creds(struct task_struct *, unsigned long);
extern struct cred *prepare_creds(void);
extern struct cred *prepare_exec_creds(void);
@ -158,6 +166,60 @@ extern int set_security_override_from_ctx(struct cred *, const char *);
extern int set_create_files_as(struct cred *, struct inode *);
extern void __init cred_init(void);
/*
* check for validity of credentials
*/
#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_CREDENTIALS
extern void __invalid_creds(const struct cred *, const char *, unsigned);
extern void __validate_process_creds(struct task_struct *,
const char *, unsigned);
static inline bool creds_are_invalid(const struct cred *cred)
{
if (cred->magic != CRED_MAGIC)
return true;
if (atomic_read(&cred->usage) < atomic_read(&cred->subscribers))
return true;
#ifdef CONFIG_SECURITY_SELINUX
if ((unsigned long) cred->security < PAGE_SIZE)
return true;
if ((*(u32*)cred->security & 0xffffff00) ==
(POISON_FREE << 24 | POISON_FREE << 16 | POISON_FREE << 8))
return true;
#endif
return false;
}
static inline void __validate_creds(const struct cred *cred,
const char *file, unsigned line)
{
if (unlikely(creds_are_invalid(cred)))
__invalid_creds(cred, file, line);
}
#define validate_creds(cred) \
do { \
__validate_creds((cred), __FILE__, __LINE__); \
} while(0)
#define validate_process_creds() \
do { \
__validate_process_creds(current, __FILE__, __LINE__); \
} while(0)
extern void validate_creds_for_do_exit(struct task_struct *);
#else
static inline void validate_creds(const struct cred *cred)
{
}
static inline void validate_creds_for_do_exit(struct task_struct *tsk)
{
}
static inline void validate_process_creds(void)
{
}
#endif
/**
* get_new_cred - Get a reference on a new set of credentials
* @cred: The new credentials to reference
@ -187,6 +249,7 @@ static inline struct cred *get_new_cred(struct cred *cred)
static inline const struct cred *get_cred(const struct cred *cred)
{
struct cred *nonconst_cred = (struct cred *) cred;
validate_creds(cred);
return get_new_cred(nonconst_cred);
}
@ -205,7 +268,7 @@ static inline void put_cred(const struct cred *_cred)
{
struct cred *cred = (struct cred *) _cred;
BUG_ON(atomic_read(&(cred)->usage) <= 0);
validate_creds(cred);
if (atomic_dec_and_test(&(cred)->usage))
__put_cred(cred);
}

250
kernel/cred.c
View File

@ -18,6 +18,18 @@
#include <linux/cn_proc.h>
#include "cred-internals.h"
#if 0
#define kdebug(FMT, ...) \
printk("[%-5.5s%5u] "FMT"\n", current->comm, current->pid ,##__VA_ARGS__)
#else
static inline __attribute__((format(printf, 1, 2)))
void no_printk(const char *fmt, ...)
{
}
#define kdebug(FMT, ...) \
no_printk("[%-5.5s%5u] "FMT"\n", current->comm, current->pid ,##__VA_ARGS__)
#endif
static struct kmem_cache *cred_jar;
/*
@ -36,6 +48,10 @@ static struct thread_group_cred init_tgcred = {
*/
struct cred init_cred = {
.usage = ATOMIC_INIT(4),
#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_CREDENTIALS
.subscribers = ATOMIC_INIT(2),
.magic = CRED_MAGIC,
#endif
.securebits = SECUREBITS_DEFAULT,
.cap_inheritable = CAP_INIT_INH_SET,
.cap_permitted = CAP_FULL_SET,
@ -48,6 +64,31 @@ struct cred init_cred = {
#endif
};
static inline void set_cred_subscribers(struct cred *cred, int n)
{
#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_CREDENTIALS
atomic_set(&cred->subscribers, n);
#endif
}
static inline int read_cred_subscribers(const struct cred *cred)
{
#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_CREDENTIALS
return atomic_read(&cred->subscribers);
#else
return 0;
#endif
}
static inline void alter_cred_subscribers(const struct cred *_cred, int n)
{
#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_CREDENTIALS
struct cred *cred = (struct cred *) _cred;
atomic_add(n, &cred->subscribers);
#endif
}
/*
* Dispose of the shared task group credentials
*/
@ -85,9 +126,22 @@ static void put_cred_rcu(struct rcu_head *rcu)
{
struct cred *cred = container_of(rcu, struct cred, rcu);
kdebug("put_cred_rcu(%p)", cred);
#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_CREDENTIALS
if (cred->magic != CRED_MAGIC_DEAD ||
atomic_read(&cred->usage) != 0 ||
read_cred_subscribers(cred) != 0)
panic("CRED: put_cred_rcu() sees %p with"
" mag %x, put %p, usage %d, subscr %d\n",
cred, cred->magic, cred->put_addr,
atomic_read(&cred->usage),
read_cred_subscribers(cred));
#else
if (atomic_read(&cred->usage) != 0)
panic("CRED: put_cred_rcu() sees %p with usage %d\n",
cred, atomic_read(&cred->usage));
#endif
security_cred_free(cred);
key_put(cred->thread_keyring);
@ -106,12 +160,47 @@ static void put_cred_rcu(struct rcu_head *rcu)
*/
void __put_cred(struct cred *cred)
{
kdebug("__put_cred(%p{%d,%d})", cred,
atomic_read(&cred->usage),
read_cred_subscribers(cred));
BUG_ON(atomic_read(&cred->usage) != 0);
#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_CREDENTIALS
BUG_ON(read_cred_subscribers(cred) != 0);
cred->magic = CRED_MAGIC_DEAD;
cred->put_addr = __builtin_return_address(0);
#endif
BUG_ON(cred == current->cred);
BUG_ON(cred == current->real_cred);
call_rcu(&cred->rcu, put_cred_rcu);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(__put_cred);
/*
* Clean up a task's credentials when it exits
*/
void exit_creds(struct task_struct *tsk)
{
struct cred *cred;
kdebug("exit_creds(%u,%p,%p,{%d,%d})", tsk->pid, tsk->real_cred, tsk->cred,
atomic_read(&tsk->cred->usage),
read_cred_subscribers(tsk->cred));
cred = (struct cred *) tsk->real_cred;
tsk->real_cred = NULL;
validate_creds(cred);
alter_cred_subscribers(cred, -1);
put_cred(cred);
cred = (struct cred *) tsk->cred;
tsk->cred = NULL;
validate_creds(cred);
alter_cred_subscribers(cred, -1);
put_cred(cred);
}
/**
* prepare_creds - Prepare a new set of credentials for modification
*
@ -132,16 +221,19 @@ struct cred *prepare_creds(void)
const struct cred *old;
struct cred *new;
BUG_ON(atomic_read(&task->real_cred->usage) < 1);
validate_process_creds();
new = kmem_cache_alloc(cred_jar, GFP_KERNEL);
if (!new)
return NULL;
kdebug("prepare_creds() alloc %p", new);
old = task->cred;
memcpy(new, old, sizeof(struct cred));
atomic_set(&new->usage, 1);
set_cred_subscribers(new, 0);
get_group_info(new->group_info);
get_uid(new->user);
@ -157,6 +249,7 @@ struct cred *prepare_creds(void)
if (security_prepare_creds(new, old, GFP_KERNEL) < 0)
goto error;
validate_creds(new);
return new;
error:
@ -229,9 +322,12 @@ struct cred *prepare_usermodehelper_creds(void)
if (!new)
return NULL;
kdebug("prepare_usermodehelper_creds() alloc %p", new);
memcpy(new, &init_cred, sizeof(struct cred));
atomic_set(&new->usage, 1);
set_cred_subscribers(new, 0);
get_group_info(new->group_info);
get_uid(new->user);
@ -250,6 +346,7 @@ struct cred *prepare_usermodehelper_creds(void)
#endif
if (security_prepare_creds(new, &init_cred, GFP_ATOMIC) < 0)
goto error;
validate_creds(new);
BUG_ON(atomic_read(&new->usage) != 1);
return new;
@ -286,6 +383,10 @@ int copy_creds(struct task_struct *p, unsigned long clone_flags)
) {
p->real_cred = get_cred(p->cred);
get_cred(p->cred);
alter_cred_subscribers(p->cred, 2);
kdebug("share_creds(%p{%d,%d})",
p->cred, atomic_read(&p->cred->usage),
read_cred_subscribers(p->cred));
atomic_inc(&p->cred->user->processes);
return 0;
}
@ -331,6 +432,8 @@ int copy_creds(struct task_struct *p, unsigned long clone_flags)
atomic_inc(&new->user->processes);
p->cred = p->real_cred = get_cred(new);
alter_cred_subscribers(new, 2);
validate_creds(new);
return 0;
error_put:
@ -355,13 +458,20 @@ error_put:
int commit_creds(struct cred *new)
{
struct task_struct *task = current;
const struct cred *old;
const struct cred *old = task->real_cred;
BUG_ON(task->cred != task->real_cred);
BUG_ON(atomic_read(&task->real_cred->usage) < 2);
kdebug("commit_creds(%p{%d,%d})", new,
atomic_read(&new->usage),
read_cred_subscribers(new));
BUG_ON(task->cred != old);
#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_CREDENTIALS
BUG_ON(read_cred_subscribers(old) < 2);
validate_creds(old);
validate_creds(new);
#endif
BUG_ON(atomic_read(&new->usage) < 1);
old = task->real_cred;
security_commit_creds(new, old);
get_cred(new); /* we will require a ref for the subj creds too */
@ -390,12 +500,14 @@ int commit_creds(struct cred *new)
* cheaply with the new uid cache, so if it matters
* we should be checking for it. -DaveM
*/
alter_cred_subscribers(new, 2);
if (new->user != old->user)
atomic_inc(&new->user->processes);
rcu_assign_pointer(task->real_cred, new);
rcu_assign_pointer(task->cred, new);
if (new->user != old->user)
atomic_dec(&old->user->processes);
alter_cred_subscribers(old, -2);
sched_switch_user(task);
@ -428,6 +540,13 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL(commit_creds);
*/
void abort_creds(struct cred *new)
{
kdebug("abort_creds(%p{%d,%d})", new,
atomic_read(&new->usage),
read_cred_subscribers(new));
#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_CREDENTIALS
BUG_ON(read_cred_subscribers(new) != 0);
#endif
BUG_ON(atomic_read(&new->usage) < 1);
put_cred(new);
}
@ -444,7 +563,20 @@ const struct cred *override_creds(const struct cred *new)
{
const struct cred *old = current->cred;
rcu_assign_pointer(current->cred, get_cred(new));
kdebug("override_creds(%p{%d,%d})", new,
atomic_read(&new->usage),
read_cred_subscribers(new));
validate_creds(old);
validate_creds(new);
get_cred(new);
alter_cred_subscribers(new, 1);
rcu_assign_pointer(current->cred, new);
alter_cred_subscribers(old, -1);
kdebug("override_creds() = %p{%d,%d}", old,
atomic_read(&old->usage),
read_cred_subscribers(old));
return old;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(override_creds);
@ -460,7 +592,15 @@ void revert_creds(const struct cred *old)
{
const struct cred *override = current->cred;
kdebug("revert_creds(%p{%d,%d})", old,
atomic_read(&old->usage),
read_cred_subscribers(old));
validate_creds(old);
validate_creds(override);
alter_cred_subscribers(old, 1);
rcu_assign_pointer(current->cred, old);
alter_cred_subscribers(override, -1);
put_cred(override);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(revert_creds);
@ -502,11 +642,15 @@ struct cred *prepare_kernel_cred(struct task_struct *daemon)
if (!new)
return NULL;
kdebug("prepare_kernel_cred() alloc %p", new);
if (daemon)
old = get_task_cred(daemon);
else
old = get_cred(&init_cred);
validate_creds(old);
*new = *old;
get_uid(new->user);
get_group_info(new->group_info);
@ -526,7 +670,9 @@ struct cred *prepare_kernel_cred(struct task_struct *daemon)
goto error;
atomic_set(&new->usage, 1);
set_cred_subscribers(new, 0);
put_cred(old);
validate_creds(new);
return new;
error:
@ -589,3 +735,95 @@ int set_create_files_as(struct cred *new, struct inode *inode)
return security_kernel_create_files_as(new, inode);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(set_create_files_as);
#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_CREDENTIALS
/*
* dump invalid credentials
*/
static void dump_invalid_creds(const struct cred *cred, const char *label,
const struct task_struct *tsk)
{
printk(KERN_ERR "CRED: %s credentials: %p %s%s%s\n",
label, cred,
cred == &init_cred ? "[init]" : "",
cred == tsk->real_cred ? "[real]" : "",
cred == tsk->cred ? "[eff]" : "");
printk(KERN_ERR "CRED: ->magic=%x, put_addr=%p\n",
cred->magic, cred->put_addr);
printk(KERN_ERR "CRED: ->usage=%d, subscr=%d\n",
atomic_read(&cred->usage),
read_cred_subscribers(cred));
printk(KERN_ERR "CRED: ->*uid = { %d,%d,%d,%d }\n",
cred->uid, cred->euid, cred->suid, cred->fsuid);
printk(KERN_ERR "CRED: ->*gid = { %d,%d,%d,%d }\n",
cred->gid, cred->egid, cred->sgid, cred->fsgid);
#ifdef CONFIG_SECURITY
printk(KERN_ERR "CRED: ->security is %p\n", cred->security);
if ((unsigned long) cred->security >= PAGE_SIZE &&
(((unsigned long) cred->security & 0xffffff00) !=
(POISON_FREE << 24 | POISON_FREE << 16 | POISON_FREE << 8)))
printk(KERN_ERR "CRED: ->security {%x, %x}\n",
((u32*)cred->security)[0],
((u32*)cred->security)[1]);
#endif
}
/*
* report use of invalid credentials
*/
void __invalid_creds(const struct cred *cred, const char *file, unsigned line)
{
printk(KERN_ERR "CRED: Invalid credentials\n");
printk(KERN_ERR "CRED: At %s:%u\n", file, line);
dump_invalid_creds(cred, "Specified", current);
BUG();
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(__invalid_creds);
/*
* check the credentials on a process
*/
void __validate_process_creds(struct task_struct *tsk,
const char *file, unsigned line)
{
if (tsk->cred == tsk->real_cred) {
if (unlikely(read_cred_subscribers(tsk->cred) < 2 ||
creds_are_invalid(tsk->cred)))
goto invalid_creds;
} else {
if (unlikely(read_cred_subscribers(tsk->real_cred) < 1 ||
read_cred_subscribers(tsk->cred) < 1 ||
creds_are_invalid(tsk->real_cred) ||
creds_are_invalid(tsk->cred)))
goto invalid_creds;
}
return;
invalid_creds:
printk(KERN_ERR "CRED: Invalid process credentials\n");
printk(KERN_ERR "CRED: At %s:%u\n", file, line);
dump_invalid_creds(tsk->real_cred, "Real", tsk);
if (tsk->cred != tsk->real_cred)
dump_invalid_creds(tsk->cred, "Effective", tsk);
else
printk(KERN_ERR "CRED: Effective creds == Real creds\n");
BUG();
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(__validate_process_creds);
/*
* check creds for do_exit()
*/
void validate_creds_for_do_exit(struct task_struct *tsk)
{
kdebug("validate_creds_for_do_exit(%p,%p{%d,%d})",
tsk->real_cred, tsk->cred,
atomic_read(&tsk->cred->usage),
read_cred_subscribers(tsk->cred));
__validate_process_creds(tsk, __FILE__, __LINE__);
}
#endif /* CONFIG_DEBUG_CREDENTIALS */

4
kernel/exit.c
View File

@ -901,6 +901,8 @@ NORET_TYPE void do_exit(long code)
tracehook_report_exit(&code);
validate_creds_for_do_exit(tsk);
/*
* We're taking recursive faults here in do_exit. Safest is to just
* leave this task alone and wait for reboot.
@ -1009,6 +1011,8 @@ NORET_TYPE void do_exit(long code)
if (tsk->splice_pipe)
__free_pipe_info(tsk->splice_pipe);
validate_creds_for_do_exit(tsk);
preempt_disable();
/* causes final put_task_struct in finish_task_switch(). */
tsk->state = TASK_DEAD;

6
kernel/fork.c
View File

@ -152,8 +152,7 @@ void __put_task_struct(struct task_struct *tsk)
WARN_ON(atomic_read(&tsk->usage));
WARN_ON(tsk == current);
put_cred(tsk->real_cred);
put_cred(tsk->cred);
exit_creds(tsk);
delayacct_tsk_free(tsk);
if (!profile_handoff_task(tsk))
@ -1307,8 +1306,7 @@ bad_fork_cleanup_put_domain:
module_put(task_thread_info(p)->exec_domain->module);
bad_fork_cleanup_count:
atomic_dec(&p->cred->user->processes);
put_cred(p->real_cred);
put_cred(p->cred);
exit_creds(p);
bad_fork_free:
free_task(p);
fork_out:

1
kernel/kmod.c
View File

@ -466,6 +466,7 @@ int call_usermodehelper_exec(struct subprocess_info *sub_info,
int retval = 0;
BUG_ON(atomic_read(&sub_info->cred->usage) != 1);
validate_creds(sub_info->cred);
helper_lock();
if (sub_info->path[0] == '\0')

15
lib/Kconfig.debug
View File

@ -653,6 +653,21 @@ config DEBUG_NOTIFIERS
This is a relatively cheap check but if you care about maximum
performance, say N.
config DEBUG_CREDENTIALS
bool "Debug credential management"
depends on DEBUG_KERNEL
help
Enable this to turn on some debug checking for credential
management. The additional code keeps track of the number of
pointers from task_structs to any given cred struct, and checks to
see that this number never exceeds the usage count of the cred
struct.
Furthermore, if SELinux is enabled, this also checks that the
security pointer in the cred struct is never seen to be invalid.
If unsure, say N.
#
# Select this config option from the architecture Kconfig, if it
# it is preferred to always offer frame pointers as a config

6
security/selinux/hooks.c
View File

@ -1531,6 +1531,8 @@ static int inode_has_perm(const struct cred *cred,
struct common_audit_data ad;
u32 sid;
validate_creds(cred);
if (unlikely(IS_PRIVATE(inode)))
return 0;
@ -3236,7 +3238,9 @@ static int selinux_task_create(unsigned long clone_flags)
static void selinux_cred_free(struct cred *cred)
{
struct task_security_struct *tsec = cred->security;
cred->security = NULL;
BUG_ON((unsigned long) cred->security < PAGE_SIZE);
cred->security = (void *) 0x7UL;
kfree(tsec);
}