Since a8f80e8ff9 any process with
CAP_NET_ADMIN may load any module from /lib/modules/. This doesn't mean
that CAP_NET_ADMIN is a superset of CAP_SYS_MODULE as modules are
limited to /lib/modules/**. However, CAP_NET_ADMIN capability shouldn't
allow anybody load any module not related to networking.
This patch restricts an ability of autoloading modules to netdev modules
with explicit aliases. This fixes CVE-2011-1019.
Arnd Bergmann suggested to leave untouched the old pre-v2.6.32 behavior
of loading netdev modules by name (without any prefix) for processes
with CAP_SYS_MODULE to maintain the compatibility with network scripts
that use autoloading netdev modules by aliases like "eth0", "wlan0".
Currently there are only three users of the feature in the upstream
kernel: ipip, ip_gre and sit.
root@albatros:~# capsh --drop=$(seq -s, 0 11),$(seq -s, 13 34) --
root@albatros:~# grep Cap /proc/$$/status
CapInh: 0000000000000000
CapPrm: fffffff800001000
CapEff: fffffff800001000
CapBnd: fffffff800001000
root@albatros:~# modprobe xfs
FATAL: Error inserting xfs
(/lib/modules/2.6.38-rc6-00001-g2bf4ca3/kernel/fs/xfs/xfs.ko): Operation not permitted
root@albatros:~# lsmod | grep xfs
root@albatros:~# ifconfig xfs
xfs: error fetching interface information: Device not found
root@albatros:~# lsmod | grep xfs
root@albatros:~# lsmod | grep sit
root@albatros:~# ifconfig sit
sit: error fetching interface information: Device not found
root@albatros:~# lsmod | grep sit
root@albatros:~# ifconfig sit0
sit0 Link encap:IPv6-in-IPv4
NOARP MTU:1480 Metric:1
root@albatros:~# lsmod | grep sit
sit 10457 0
tunnel4 2957 1 sit
For CAP_SYS_MODULE module loading is still relaxed:
root@albatros:~# grep Cap /proc/$$/status
CapInh: 0000000000000000
CapPrm: ffffffffffffffff
CapEff: ffffffffffffffff
CapBnd: ffffffffffffffff
root@albatros:~# ifconfig xfs
xfs: error fetching interface information: Device not found
root@albatros:~# lsmod | grep xfs
xfs 745319 0
Reference: https://lkml.org/lkml/2011/2/24/203
Signed-off-by: Vasiliy Kulikov <segoon@openwall.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael Tokarev <mjt@tls.msk.ru>
Acked-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Acked-by: Kees Cook <kees.cook@canonical.com>
Signed-off-by: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org>
Before this patch issuing these commands:
fd = open("/proc/sys/net/ipv6/route/flush")
unshare(CLONE_NEWNET)
write(fd, "stuff")
would flush the newly created net, not the original one.
The equivalent ipv4 code is correct (stores the net inside ->extra1).
Acked-by: Daniel Lezcano <daniel.lezcano@free.fr>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Commit 0dbaee3b37 (net: Abstract default ADVMSS behind an
accessor.) introduced a possible crash in tcp_connect_init(), when
dst->default_advmss() is called from dst_metric_advmss()
Reported-by: George Spelvin <linux@horizon.com>
Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <eric.dumazet@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
The flaw was in skipping the second byte in MAC header due to increasing
the pointer AND indexed access starting at '1'.
Signed-off-by: Joerg Marx <joerg.marx@secunet.com>
Signed-off-by: Patrick McHardy <kaber@trash.net>
In my testing of 2.6.37 I was occassionally getting a warning about
sysctl table entries being unregistered in the wrong order. Digging
in it turns out this dates back to the last great sysctl reorg done
where Al Viro introduced the requirement that sysctl directories
needed to be created before and destroyed after the files in them.
It turns out that in that great reorg /proc/sys/net/ipv6/neigh was
overlooked. So this patch fixes that oversight and makes an annoying
warning message go away.
>------------[ cut here ]------------
>WARNING: at kernel/sysctl.c:1992 unregister_sysctl_table+0x134/0x164()
>Pid: 23951, comm: kworker/u:3 Not tainted 2.6.37-350888.2010AroraKernelBeta.fc14.x86_64 #1
>Call Trace:
> [<ffffffff8103e034>] warn_slowpath_common+0x80/0x98
> [<ffffffff8103e061>] warn_slowpath_null+0x15/0x17
> [<ffffffff810452f8>] unregister_sysctl_table+0x134/0x164
> [<ffffffff810e7834>] ? kfree+0xc4/0xd1
> [<ffffffff813439b2>] neigh_sysctl_unregister+0x22/0x3a
> [<ffffffffa02cd14e>] addrconf_ifdown+0x33f/0x37b [ipv6]
> [<ffffffff81331ec2>] ? skb_dequeue+0x5f/0x6b
> [<ffffffffa02ce4a5>] addrconf_notify+0x69b/0x75c [ipv6]
> [<ffffffffa02eb953>] ? ip6mr_device_event+0x98/0xa9 [ipv6]
> [<ffffffff813d2413>] notifier_call_chain+0x32/0x5e
> [<ffffffff8105bdea>] raw_notifier_call_chain+0xf/0x11
> [<ffffffff8133cdac>] call_netdevice_notifiers+0x45/0x4a
> [<ffffffff8133d2b0>] rollback_registered_many+0x118/0x201
> [<ffffffff8133d3af>] unregister_netdevice_many+0x16/0x6d
> [<ffffffff8133d571>] default_device_exit_batch+0xa4/0xb8
> [<ffffffff81337c42>] ? cleanup_net+0x0/0x194
> [<ffffffff81337a2a>] ops_exit_list+0x4e/0x56
> [<ffffffff81337d36>] cleanup_net+0xf4/0x194
> [<ffffffff81053318>] process_one_work+0x187/0x280
> [<ffffffff8105441b>] worker_thread+0xff/0x19f
> [<ffffffff8105431c>] ? worker_thread+0x0/0x19f
> [<ffffffff8105776d>] kthread+0x7d/0x85
> [<ffffffff81003824>] kernel_thread_helper+0x4/0x10
> [<ffffffff810576f0>] ? kthread+0x0/0x85
> [<ffffffff81003820>] ? kernel_thread_helper+0x0/0x10
>---[ end trace 8a7e9310b35e9486 ]---
Signed-off-by: Eric W. Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
When an IPSEC SA is still being set up, __xfrm_lookup() will return
-EREMOTE and so ip_route_output_flow() will return a blackhole route.
This can happen in a sndmsg call, and after d33e455337 ("net: Abstract
default MTU metric calculation behind an accessor.") this leads to a
crash in ip_append_data() because the blackhole dst_ops have no
default_mtu() method and so dst_mtu() calls a NULL pointer.
Fix this by adding default_mtu() methods (that simply return 0, matching
the old behavior) to the blackhole dst_ops.
The IPv4 part of this patch fixes a crash that I saw when using an IPSEC
VPN; the IPv6 part is untested because I don't have an IPv6 VPN, but it
looks to be needed as well.
Signed-off-by: Roland Dreier <roland@purestorage.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
They are bogus. The basic idea is that I wanted to make sure
that prefixed routes never bind to peers.
The test I used was whether RTF_CACHE was set.
But first of all, the RTF_CACHE flag is set at different spots
depending upon which ip6_rt_copy() caller you're talking about.
I've validated all of the code paths, and even in the future
where we bind peers more aggressively (for route metric COW'ing)
we never bind to prefix'd routes, only fully specified ones.
This even applies when addrconf or icmp6 routes are allocated.
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Like ipv4, we have to propagate the ipv6 route peer into
the ipsec top-level route during instantiation.
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
This reverts the following set of commits:
d1ed113f16 ("ipv6: remove duplicate neigh_ifdown")
29ba5fed1b ("ipv6: don't flush routes when setting loopback down")
9d82ca98f7 ("ipv6: fix missing in6_ifa_put in addrconf")
2de7957072 ("ipv6: addrconf: don't remove address state on ifdown if the address is being kept")
8595805aaf ("IPv6: only notify protocols if address is compeletely gone")
27bdb2abcc ("IPv6: keep tentative addresses in hash table")
93fa159abe ("IPv6: keep route for tentative address")
8f37ada5b5 ("IPv6: fix race between cleanup and add/delete address")
84e8b803f1 ("IPv6: addrconf notify when address is unavailable")
dc2b99f71e ("IPv6: keep permanent addresses on admin down")
because the core semantic change to ipv6 address handling on ifdown
has broken some things, in particular "disable_ipv6" sysctl handling.
Stephen has made several attempts to get things back in working order,
but nothing has restored disable_ipv6 fully yet.
Reported-by: Eric W. Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Tested-by: Eric W. Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Do not handle PMTU vs. route lookup creation any differently
wrt. offlink routes, always clone them.
Reported-by: PK <runningdoglackey@yahoo.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
* git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/davem/net-2.6: (41 commits)
sctp: user perfect name for Delayed SACK Timer option
net: fix can_checksum_protocol() arguments swap
Revert "netlink: test for all flags of the NLM_F_DUMP composite"
gianfar: Fix misleading indentation in startup_gfar()
net/irda/sh_irda: return to RX mode when TX error
net offloading: Do not mask out NETIF_F_HW_VLAN_TX for vlan.
USB CDC NCM: tx_fixup() race condition fix
ns83820: Avoid bad pointer deref in ns83820_init_one().
ipv6: Silence privacy extensions initialization
bnx2x: Update bnx2x version to 1.62.00-4
bnx2x: Fix AER setting for BCM57712
bnx2x: Fix BCM84823 LED behavior
bnx2x: Mark full duplex on some external PHYs
bnx2x: Fix BCM8073/BCM8727 microcode loading
bnx2x: LED fix for BCM8727 over BCM57712
bnx2x: Common init will be executed only once after POR
bnx2x: Swap BCM8073 PHY polarity if required
iwlwifi: fix valid chain reading from EEPROM
ath5k: fix locking in tx_complete_poll_work
ath9k_hw: do PA offset calibration only on longcal interval
...
When a network namespace is created (via CLONE_NEWNET), the loopback
interface is automatically added to the new namespace, triggering a
printk in ipv6_add_dev() if CONFIG_IPV6_PRIVACY is set.
This is problematic for applications which use CLONE_NEWNET as
part of a sandbox, like Chromium's suid sandbox or recent versions of
vsftpd. On a busy machine, it can lead to thousands of useless
"lo: Disabled Privacy Extensions" messages appearing in dmesg.
It's easy enough to check the status of privacy extensions via the
use_tempaddr sysctl, so just removing the printk seems like the most
sensible solution.
Signed-off-by: Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
* git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/davem/net-2.6: (47 commits)
GRETH: resolve SMP issues and other problems
GRETH: handle frame error interrupts
GRETH: avoid writing bad speed/duplex when setting transfer mode
GRETH: fixed skb buffer memory leak on frame errors
GRETH: GBit transmit descriptor handling optimization
GRETH: fix opening/closing
GRETH: added raw AMBA vendor/device number to match against.
cassini: Fix build bustage on x86.
e1000e: consistent use of Rx/Tx vs. RX/TX/rx/tx in comments/logs
e1000e: update Copyright for 2011
e1000: Avoid unhandled IRQ
r8169: keep firmware in memory.
netdev: tilepro: Use is_unicast_ether_addr helper
etherdevice.h: Add is_unicast_ether_addr function
ks8695net: Use default implementation of ethtool_ops::get_link
ks8695net: Disable non-working ethtool operations
USB CDC NCM: Don't deref NULL in cdc_ncm_rx_fixup() and don't use uninitialized variable.
vxge: Remember to release firmware after upgrading firmware
netdev: bfin_mac: Remove is_multicast_ether_addr use in netdev_for_each_mc_addr
ipsec: update MAX_AH_AUTH_LEN to support sha512
...
Linux IPv6 forwards unicast packets, which are link layer multicasts...
The hole was present since day one. I was 100% this check is there, but it is not.
The problem shows itself, f.e. when Microsoft Network Load Balancer runs on a network.
This software resolves IPv6 unicast addresses to multicast MAC addresses.
Signed-off-by: Alexey Kuznetsov <kuznet@ms2.inr.ac.ru>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
The IPv6 tproxy patches split IPv6 defragmentation off of conntrack, but
failed to update the #ifdef stanzas guarding the defragmentation related
fields and code in skbuff and conntrack related code in nf_defrag_ipv6.c.
This patch adds the required #ifdefs so that IPv6 tproxy can truly be used
without connection tracking.
Original report:
http://marc.info/?l=linux-netdev&m=129010118516341&w=2
Reported-by: Randy Dunlap <randy.dunlap@oracle.com>
Acked-by: Randy Dunlap <randy.dunlap@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: KOVACS Krisztian <hidden@balabit.hu>
Signed-off-by: Pablo Neira Ayuso <pablo@netfilter.org>
skb_cow_data() may allocate a new data buffer, so pointers on
skb should be set after this function.
Bug was introduced by commit dff3bb06 ("ah4: convert to ahash")
and 8631e9bd ("ah6: convert to ahash").
Signed-off-by: Wang Xuefu <xuefu.wang@6wind.com>
Acked-by: Krzysztof Witek <krzysztof.witek@6wind.com>
Signed-off-by: Nicolas Dichtel <nicolas.dichtel@6wind.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
inet_csk_bind_conflict() logic currently disallows a bind() if
it finds a friend socket (a socket bound on same address/port)
satisfying a set of conditions :
1) Current (to be bound) socket doesnt have sk_reuse set
OR
2) other socket doesnt have sk_reuse set
OR
3) other socket is in LISTEN state
We should add the CLOSE state in the 3) condition, in order to avoid two
REUSEADDR sockets in CLOSE state with same local address/port, since
this can deny further operations.
Note : a prior patch tried to address the problem in a different (and
buggy) way. (commit fda48a0d7a tcp: bind() fix when many ports
are bound).
Reported-by: Gaspar Chilingarov <gasparch@gmail.com>
Reported-by: Daniel Baluta <daniel.baluta@gmail.com>
Tested-by: Daniel Baluta <daniel.baluta@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <eric.dumazet@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Using "iptables -L" with a lot of rules have a too big BH latency.
Jesper mentioned ~6 ms and worried of frame drops.
Switch to a per_cpu seqlock scheme, so that taking a snapshot of
counters doesnt need to block BH (for this cpu, but also other cpus).
This adds two increments on seqlock sequence per ipt_do_table() call,
its a reasonable cost for allowing "iptables -L" not block BH
processing.
Reported-by: Jesper Dangaard Brouer <hawk@comx.dk>
Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <eric.dumazet@gmail.com>
CC: Patrick McHardy <kaber@trash.net>
Acked-by: Stephen Hemminger <shemminger@vyatta.com>
Acked-by: Jesper Dangaard Brouer <hawk@comx.dk>
Signed-off-by: Pablo Neira Ayuso <pablo@netfilter.org>
Conflicts:
MAINTAINERS
arch/arm/mach-omap2/pm24xx.c
drivers/scsi/bfa/bfa_fcpim.c
Needed to update to apply fixes for which the old branch was too
outdated.
This patch modifies IPsec6 to fragment IPv6 packets that are
locally generated as needed.
This version of the patch only fragments in tunnel mode, so that fragment
headers will not be obscured by ESP in transport mode.
Signed-off-by: David L Stevens <dlstevens@us.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Herbert Xu <herbert@gondor.apana.org.au>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
When device is being set to down, neigh_ifdown was being called
twice. Once from addrconf notifier and once from ndisc notifier.
Signed-off-by: Stephen Hemminger <shemminger@vyatta.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Remove (unnecessary) casts to make code cleaner.
Signed-off-by: Stephen Hemminger <shemminger@vyatta.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
When loopback device is being brought down, then keep the route table
entries because they are special. The entries in the local table for
linklocal routes and ::1 address should not be purged.
This is a sub optimal solution to the problem and should be replaced
by a better fix in future.
Signed-off-by: Stephen Hemminger <shemminger@vyatta.com>
Acked-by: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Special care is taken inside sk_port_alloc to avoid overwriting
skc_node/skc_nulls_node. We should also avoid overwriting
skc_bind_node/skc_portaddr_node.
The patch fixes the following crash:
BUG: unable to handle kernel paging request at fffffffffffffff0
IP: [<ffffffff812ec6dd>] udp4_lib_lookup2+0xad/0x370
[<ffffffff812ecc22>] __udp4_lib_lookup+0x282/0x360
[<ffffffff812ed63e>] __udp4_lib_rcv+0x31e/0x700
[<ffffffff812bba45>] ? ip_local_deliver_finish+0x65/0x190
[<ffffffff812bbbf8>] ? ip_local_deliver+0x88/0xa0
[<ffffffff812eda35>] udp_rcv+0x15/0x20
[<ffffffff812bba45>] ip_local_deliver_finish+0x65/0x190
[<ffffffff812bbbf8>] ip_local_deliver+0x88/0xa0
[<ffffffff812bb2cd>] ip_rcv_finish+0x32d/0x6f0
[<ffffffff8128c14c>] ? netif_receive_skb+0x99c/0x11c0
[<ffffffff812bb94b>] ip_rcv+0x2bb/0x350
[<ffffffff8128c14c>] netif_receive_skb+0x99c/0x11c0
Signed-off-by: Leonard Crestez <lcrestez@ixiacom.com>
Signed-off-by: Octavian Purdila <opurdila@ixiacom.com>
Acked-by: Eric Dumazet <eric.dumazet@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
The first big packets sent to a "low-MTU" client correctly
triggers the creation of a temporary route containing the reduced MTU.
But after the temporary route has expired, new ICMP6 "packet too big"
will be sent, rt6_pmtu_discovery will find the previous EXPIRED route
check that its mtu isn't bigger then in icmp packet and do nothing
before the temporary route will not deleted by gc.
I make the simple experiment:
while :; do
time ( dd if=/dev/zero bs=10K count=1 | ssh hostname dd of=/dev/null ) || break;
done
The "time" reports real 0m0.197s if a temporary route isn't expired, but
it reports real 0m52.837s (!!!!) immediately after a temporare route has
expired.
Signed-off-by: Andrey Vagin <avagin@openvz.org>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Like RTAX_ADVMSS, make the default calculation go through a dst_ops
method rather than caching the computation in the routing cache
entries.
Now dst metrics are pretty much left as-is when new entries are
created, thus optimizing metric sharing becomes a real possibility.
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Make all RTAX_ADVMSS metric accesses go through a new helper function,
dst_metric_advmss().
Leave the actual default metric as "zero" in the real metric slot,
and compute the actual default value dynamically via a new dst_ops
AF specific callback.
For stacked IPSEC routes, we use the advmss of the path which
preserves existing behavior.
Unlike ipv4/ipv6, DecNET ties the advmss to the mtu and thus updates
advmss on pmtu updates. This inconsistency in advmss handling
results in more raw metric accesses than I wish we ended up with.
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
This is for consistency with ipv4. Using "-1" makes
no sense.
It was made this way a long time ago merely to be consistent
with how the ipv6 socket hoplimit "default" is stored.
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
IS_ERR() already implies unlikely(), so it can be omitted here.
Signed-off-by: Tobias Klauser <tklauser@distanz.ch>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Add TFC padding to all packets smaller than the boundary configured
on the xfrm state. If the boundary is larger than the PMTU, limit
padding to the PMTU.
Signed-off-by: Martin Willi <martin@strongswan.org>
Acked-by: Herbert Xu <herbert@gondor.apana.org.au>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
skb1 should be passed as parameter to sk_rcvqueues_full() here.
Signed-off-by: Jiri Pirko <jpirko@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
New idev are advertised with NL group RTNLGRP_IPV6_IFADDR, but
should use RTNLGRP_IPV6_IFINFO.
Bug was introduced by commit 8d7a76c9.
Signed-off-by: Wang Xuefu <xuefu.wang@6wind.com>
Signed-off-by: Nicolas Dichtel <nicolas.dichtel@6wind.com>
Acked-by: Thomas Graf <tgraf@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Followup of commit b178bb3dfc (net: reorder struct sock fields)
Optimize INET input path a bit further, by :
1) moving sk_refcnt close to sk_lock.
This reduces number of dirtied cache lines by one on 64bit arches (and
64 bytes cache line size).
2) moving inet_daddr & inet_rcv_saddr at the beginning of sk
(same cache line than hash / family / bound_dev_if / nulls_node)
This reduces number of accessed cache lines in lookups by one, and dont
increase size of inet and timewait socks.
inet and tw sockets now share same place-holder for these fields.
Before patch :
offsetof(struct sock, sk_refcnt) = 0x10
offsetof(struct sock, sk_lock) = 0x40
offsetof(struct sock, sk_receive_queue) = 0x60
offsetof(struct inet_sock, inet_daddr) = 0x270
offsetof(struct inet_sock, inet_rcv_saddr) = 0x274
After patch :
offsetof(struct sock, sk_refcnt) = 0x44
offsetof(struct sock, sk_lock) = 0x48
offsetof(struct sock, sk_receive_queue) = 0x68
offsetof(struct inet_sock, inet_daddr) = 0x0
offsetof(struct inet_sock, inet_rcv_saddr) = 0x4
compute_score() (udp or tcp) now use a single cache line per ignored
item, instead of two.
Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <eric.dumazet@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Use helper functions to hide all direct accesses, especially writes,
to dst_entry metrics values.
This will allow us to:
1) More easily change how the metrics are stored.
2) Implement COW for metrics.
In particular this will help us put metrics into the inetpeer
cache if that is what we end up doing. We can make the _metrics
member a pointer instead of an array, initially have it point
at the read-only metrics in the FIB, and then on the first set
grab an inetpeer entry and point the _metrics member there.
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Acked-by: Eric Dumazet <eric.dumazet@gmail.com>
ND_REACHABLE_TIME and ND_RETRANS_TIMER have defined
since v2.6.12-rc2, but never been used.
So use them instead of magic number.
This patch also changes original code style to read comfortably .
Thank YOSHIFUJI Hideaki for pointing it out.
Signed-off-by: Shan Wei <shanwei@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
This will also improve handling of ipv6 tcp socket request
backlog when syncookies are not enabled. When backlog
becomes very deep, last quarter of backlog is limited to
validated destinations. Previously only ipv4 implemented
this logic, but now ipv6 does too.
Now we are only one step away from enabling timewait
recycling for ipv6, and that step is simply filling in
the implementation of tcp_v6_get_peer() and
tcp_v6_tw_get_peer().
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
