linux/arch/x86/kernel/i387.c

/*
 *  Copyright (C) 1994 Linus Torvalds
 *
 *  Pentium III FXSR, SSE support
 *  General FPU state handling cleanups
 *	Gareth Hughes <gareth@valinux.com>, May 2000
 */
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/regset.h>
#include <linux/sched.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>

#include <asm/sigcontext.h>
#include <asm/processor.h>
#include <asm/math_emu.h>
#include <asm/tlbflush.h>
#include <asm/uaccess.h>
#include <asm/ptrace.h>
#include <asm/i387.h>
#include <asm/fpu-internal.h>
#include <asm/user.h>

static DEFINE_PER_CPU(bool, in_kernel_fpu);

void kernel_fpu_disable(void)
{
	WARN_ON(this_cpu_read(in_kernel_fpu));
	this_cpu_write(in_kernel_fpu, true);
}

void kernel_fpu_enable(void)
{
	this_cpu_write(in_kernel_fpu, false);
}

/*
 * Were we in an interrupt that interrupted kernel mode?
 *
 * On others, we can do a kernel_fpu_begin/end() pair *ONLY* if that
 * pair does nothing at all: the thread must not have fpu (so
 * that we don't try to save the FPU state), and TS must
 * be set (so that the clts/stts pair does nothing that is
 * visible in the interrupted kernel thread).
 *
 * Except for the eagerfpu case when we return true; in the likely case
 * the thread has FPU but we are not going to set/clear TS.
 */
static inline bool interrupted_kernel_fpu_idle(void)
{
	if (this_cpu_read(in_kernel_fpu))
		return false;

	if (use_eager_fpu())
		return true;

	return !__thread_has_fpu(current) &&
		(read_cr0() & X86_CR0_TS);
}

/*
 * Were we in user mode (or vm86 mode) when we were
 * interrupted?
 *
 * Doing kernel_fpu_begin/end() is ok if we are running
 * in an interrupt context from user mode - we'll just
 * save the FPU state as required.
 */
static inline bool interrupted_user_mode(void)
{
	struct pt_regs *regs = get_irq_regs();
	return regs && user_mode(regs);
}

/*
 * Can we use the FPU in kernel mode with the
 * whole "kernel_fpu_begin/end()" sequence?
 *
 * It's always ok in process context (ie "not interrupt")
 * but it is sometimes ok even from an irq.
 */
bool irq_fpu_usable(void)
{
	return !in_interrupt() ||
		interrupted_user_mode() ||
		interrupted_kernel_fpu_idle();
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(irq_fpu_usable);

void __kernel_fpu_begin(void)
{
	struct task_struct *me = current;

	this_cpu_write(in_kernel_fpu, true);

	if (__thread_has_fpu(me)) {
		__save_init_fpu(me);
	} else {
		this_cpu_write(fpu_owner_task, NULL);
		if (!use_eager_fpu())
			clts();
	}
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(__kernel_fpu_begin);

void __kernel_fpu_end(void)
{
	struct task_struct *me = current;

	if (__thread_has_fpu(me)) {
		if (WARN_ON(restore_fpu_checking(me)))
			fpu_reset_state(me);
	} else if (!use_eager_fpu()) {
		stts();
	}

	this_cpu_write(in_kernel_fpu, false);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(__kernel_fpu_end);

void unlazy_fpu(struct task_struct *tsk)
{
	preempt_disable();
	if (__thread_has_fpu(tsk)) {
		if (use_eager_fpu()) {
			__save_fpu(tsk);
		} else {
			__save_init_fpu(tsk);
			__thread_fpu_end(tsk);
		}
	}
	preempt_enable();
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(unlazy_fpu);

unsigned int mxcsr_feature_mask __read_mostly = 0xffffffffu;
unsigned int xstate_size;
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(xstate_size);
static struct i387_fxsave_struct fx_scratch;

static void mxcsr_feature_mask_init(void)
{
	unsigned long mask = 0;

	if (cpu_has_fxsr) {
		memset(&fx_scratch, 0, sizeof(struct i387_fxsave_struct));
		asm volatile("fxsave %0" : "+m" (fx_scratch));
		mask = fx_scratch.mxcsr_mask;
		if (mask == 0)
			mask = 0x0000ffbf;
	}
	mxcsr_feature_mask &= mask;
}

static void init_thread_xstate(void)
{
	/*
	 * Note that xstate_size might be overwriten later during
	 * xsave_init().
	 */

	if (!cpu_has_fpu) {
		/*
		 * Disable xsave as we do not support it if i387
		 * emulation is enabled.
		 */
		setup_clear_cpu_cap(X86_FEATURE_XSAVE);
		setup_clear_cpu_cap(X86_FEATURE_XSAVEOPT);
		xstate_size = sizeof(struct i387_soft_struct);
		return;
	}

	if (cpu_has_fxsr)
		xstate_size = sizeof(struct i387_fxsave_struct);
	else
		xstate_size = sizeof(struct i387_fsave_struct);

	/*
	 * Quirk: we don't yet handle the XSAVES* instructions
	 * correctly, as we don't correctly convert between
	 * standard and compacted format when interfacing
	 * with user-space - so disable it for now.
	 *
	 * The difference is small: with recent CPUs the
	 * compacted format is only marginally smaller than
	 * the standard FPU state format.
	 *
	 * ( This is easy to backport while we are fixing
	 *   XSAVES* support. )
	 */
	setup_clear_cpu_cap(X86_FEATURE_XSAVES);
}

/*
 * Called at bootup to set up the initial FPU state that is later cloned
 * into all processes.
 */

void fpu_init(void)
{
	unsigned long cr0;
	unsigned long cr4_mask = 0;

#ifndef CONFIG_MATH_EMULATION
	if (!cpu_has_fpu) {
		pr_emerg("No FPU found and no math emulation present\n");
		pr_emerg("Giving up\n");
		for (;;)
			asm volatile("hlt");
	}
#endif
	if (cpu_has_fxsr)
		cr4_mask |= X86_CR4_OSFXSR;
	if (cpu_has_xmm)
		cr4_mask |= X86_CR4_OSXMMEXCPT;
	if (cr4_mask)
		cr4_set_bits(cr4_mask);

	cr0 = read_cr0();
	cr0 &= ~(X86_CR0_TS|X86_CR0_EM); /* clear TS and EM */
	if (!cpu_has_fpu)
		cr0 |= X86_CR0_EM;
	write_cr0(cr0);

	/*
	 * init_thread_xstate is only called once to avoid overriding
	 * xstate_size during boot time or during CPU hotplug.
	 */
	if (xstate_size == 0)
		init_thread_xstate();

	mxcsr_feature_mask_init();
	xsave_init();
	eager_fpu_init();
}

void fpu_finit(struct fpu *fpu)
{
	if (!cpu_has_fpu) {
		finit_soft_fpu(&fpu->state->soft);
		return;
	}

	memset(fpu->state, 0, xstate_size);

	if (cpu_has_fxsr) {
		fx_finit(&fpu->state->fxsave);
	} else {
		struct i387_fsave_struct *fp = &fpu->state->fsave;
		fp->cwd = 0xffff037fu;
		fp->swd = 0xffff0000u;
		fp->twd = 0xffffffffu;
		fp->fos = 0xffff0000u;
	}
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(fpu_finit);

/*
 * The _current_ task is using the FPU for the first time
 * so initialize it and set the mxcsr to its default
 * value at reset if we support XMM instructions and then
 * remember the current task has used the FPU.
 */
int init_fpu(struct task_struct *tsk)
{
	int ret;

	if (tsk_used_math(tsk)) {
		if (cpu_has_fpu && tsk == current)
			unlazy_fpu(tsk);
		task_disable_lazy_fpu_restore(tsk);
		return 0;
	}

	/*
	 * Memory allocation at the first usage of the FPU and other state.
	 */
	ret = fpu_alloc(&tsk->thread.fpu);
	if (ret)
		return ret;

	fpu_finit(&tsk->thread.fpu);

	set_stopped_child_used_math(tsk);
	return 0;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(init_fpu);

/*
 * The xstateregs_active() routine is the same as the fpregs_active() routine,
 * as the "regset->n" for the xstate regset will be updated based on the feature
 * capabilites supported by the xsave.
 */
int fpregs_active(struct task_struct *target, const struct user_regset *regset)
{
	return tsk_used_math(target) ? regset->n : 0;
}

int xfpregs_active(struct task_struct *target, const struct user_regset *regset)
{
	return (cpu_has_fxsr && tsk_used_math(target)) ? regset->n : 0;
}

int xfpregs_get(struct task_struct *target, const struct user_regset *regset,
		unsigned int pos, unsigned int count,
		void *kbuf, void __user *ubuf)
{
	int ret;

	if (!cpu_has_fxsr)
		return -ENODEV;

	ret = init_fpu(target);
	if (ret)
		return ret;

	sanitize_i387_state(target);

	return user_regset_copyout(&pos, &count, &kbuf, &ubuf,
				   &target->thread.fpu.state->fxsave, 0, -1);
}

int xfpregs_set(struct task_struct *target, const struct user_regset *regset,
		unsigned int pos, unsigned int count,
		const void *kbuf, const void __user *ubuf)
{
	int ret;

	if (!cpu_has_fxsr)
		return -ENODEV;

	ret = init_fpu(target);
	if (ret)
		return ret;

	sanitize_i387_state(target);

	ret = user_regset_copyin(&pos, &count, &kbuf, &ubuf,
				 &target->thread.fpu.state->fxsave, 0, -1);

	/*
	 * mxcsr reserved bits must be masked to zero for security reasons.
	 */
	target->thread.fpu.state->fxsave.mxcsr &= mxcsr_feature_mask;

	/*
	 * update the header bits in the xsave header, indicating the
	 * presence of FP and SSE state.
	 */
	if (cpu_has_xsave)
		target->thread.fpu.state->xsave.xsave_hdr.xstate_bv |= XSTATE_FPSSE;

	return ret;
}

int xstateregs_get(struct task_struct *target, const struct user_regset *regset,
		unsigned int pos, unsigned int count,
		void *kbuf, void __user *ubuf)
{
	struct xsave_struct *xsave;
	int ret;

	if (!cpu_has_xsave)
		return -ENODEV;

	ret = init_fpu(target);
	if (ret)
		return ret;

	xsave = &target->thread.fpu.state->xsave;

	/*
	 * Copy the 48bytes defined by the software first into the xstate
	 * memory layout in the thread struct, so that we can copy the entire
	 * xstateregs to the user using one user_regset_copyout().
	 */
	memcpy(&xsave->i387.sw_reserved,
		xstate_fx_sw_bytes, sizeof(xstate_fx_sw_bytes));
	/*
	 * Copy the xstate memory layout.
	 */
	ret = user_regset_copyout(&pos, &count, &kbuf, &ubuf, xsave, 0, -1);
	return ret;
}

int xstateregs_set(struct task_struct *target, const struct user_regset *regset,
		  unsigned int pos, unsigned int count,
		  const void *kbuf, const void __user *ubuf)
{
	struct xsave_struct *xsave;
	int ret;

	if (!cpu_has_xsave)
		return -ENODEV;

	ret = init_fpu(target);
	if (ret)
		return ret;

	xsave = &target->thread.fpu.state->xsave;

	ret = user_regset_copyin(&pos, &count, &kbuf, &ubuf, xsave, 0, -1);
	/*
	 * mxcsr reserved bits must be masked to zero for security reasons.
	 */
	xsave->i387.mxcsr &= mxcsr_feature_mask;
	xsave->xsave_hdr.xstate_bv &= pcntxt_mask;
	/*
	 * These bits must be zero.
	 */
	memset(&xsave->xsave_hdr.reserved, 0, 48);
	return ret;
}

#if defined CONFIG_X86_32 || defined CONFIG_IA32_EMULATION

/*
 * FPU tag word conversions.
 */

static inline unsigned short twd_i387_to_fxsr(unsigned short twd)
{
	unsigned int tmp; /* to avoid 16 bit prefixes in the code */

	/* Transform each pair of bits into 01 (valid) or 00 (empty) */
	tmp = ~twd;
	tmp = (tmp | (tmp>>1)) & 0x5555; /* 0V0V0V0V0V0V0V0V */
	/* and move the valid bits to the lower byte. */
	tmp = (tmp | (tmp >> 1)) & 0x3333; /* 00VV00VV00VV00VV */
	tmp = (tmp | (tmp >> 2)) & 0x0f0f; /* 0000VVVV0000VVVV */
	tmp = (tmp | (tmp >> 4)) & 0x00ff; /* 00000000VVVVVVVV */

	return tmp;
}

#define FPREG_ADDR(f, n)	((void *)&(f)->st_space + (n) * 16)
#define FP_EXP_TAG_VALID	0
#define FP_EXP_TAG_ZERO		1
#define FP_EXP_TAG_SPECIAL	2
#define FP_EXP_TAG_EMPTY	3

static inline u32 twd_fxsr_to_i387(struct i387_fxsave_struct *fxsave)
{
	struct _fpxreg *st;
	u32 tos = (fxsave->swd >> 11) & 7;
	u32 twd = (unsigned long) fxsave->twd;
	u32 tag;
	u32 ret = 0xffff0000u;
	int i;

	for (i = 0; i < 8; i++, twd >>= 1) {
		if (twd & 0x1) {
			st = FPREG_ADDR(fxsave, (i - tos) & 7);

			switch (st->exponent & 0x7fff) {
			case 0x7fff:
				tag = FP_EXP_TAG_SPECIAL;
				break;
			case 0x0000:
				if (!st->significand[0] &&
				    !st->significand[1] &&
				    !st->significand[2] &&
				    !st->significand[3])
					tag = FP_EXP_TAG_ZERO;
				else
					tag = FP_EXP_TAG_SPECIAL;
				break;
			default:
				if (st->significand[3] & 0x8000)
					tag = FP_EXP_TAG_VALID;
				else
					tag = FP_EXP_TAG_SPECIAL;
				break;
			}
		} else {
			tag = FP_EXP_TAG_EMPTY;
		}
		ret |= tag << (2 * i);
	}
	return ret;
}

/*
 * FXSR floating point environment conversions.
 */

void
convert_from_fxsr(struct user_i387_ia32_struct *env, struct task_struct *tsk)
{
	struct i387_fxsave_struct *fxsave = &tsk->thread.fpu.state->fxsave;
	struct _fpreg *to = (struct _fpreg *) &env->st_space[0];
	struct _fpxreg *from = (struct _fpxreg *) &fxsave->st_space[0];
	int i;

	env->cwd = fxsave->cwd | 0xffff0000u;
	env->swd = fxsave->swd | 0xffff0000u;
	env->twd = twd_fxsr_to_i387(fxsave);

#ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
	env->fip = fxsave->rip;
	env->foo = fxsave->rdp;
	/*
	 * should be actually ds/cs at fpu exception time, but
	 * that information is not available in 64bit mode.
	 */
	env->fcs = task_pt_regs(tsk)->cs;
	if (tsk == current) {
		savesegment(ds, env->fos);
	} else {
		env->fos = tsk->thread.ds;
	}
	env->fos |= 0xffff0000;
#else
	env->fip = fxsave->fip;
	env->fcs = (u16) fxsave->fcs | ((u32) fxsave->fop << 16);
	env->foo = fxsave->foo;
	env->fos = fxsave->fos;
#endif

	for (i = 0; i < 8; ++i)
		memcpy(&to[i], &from[i], sizeof(to[0]));
}

void convert_to_fxsr(struct task_struct *tsk,
		     const struct user_i387_ia32_struct *env)

{
	struct i387_fxsave_struct *fxsave = &tsk->thread.fpu.state->fxsave;
	struct _fpreg *from = (struct _fpreg *) &env->st_space[0];
	struct _fpxreg *to = (struct _fpxreg *) &fxsave->st_space[0];
	int i;

	fxsave->cwd = env->cwd;
	fxsave->swd = env->swd;
	fxsave->twd = twd_i387_to_fxsr(env->twd);
	fxsave->fop = (u16) ((u32) env->fcs >> 16);
#ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
	fxsave->rip = env->fip;
	fxsave->rdp = env->foo;
	/* cs and ds ignored */
#else
	fxsave->fip = env->fip;
	fxsave->fcs = (env->fcs & 0xffff);
	fxsave->foo = env->foo;
	fxsave->fos = env->fos;
#endif

	for (i = 0; i < 8; ++i)
		memcpy(&to[i], &from[i], sizeof(from[0]));
}

int fpregs_get(struct task_struct *target, const struct user_regset *regset,
	       unsigned int pos, unsigned int count,
	       void *kbuf, void __user *ubuf)
{
	struct user_i387_ia32_struct env;
	int ret;

	ret = init_fpu(target);
	if (ret)
		return ret;

	if (!static_cpu_has(X86_FEATURE_FPU))
		return fpregs_soft_get(target, regset, pos, count, kbuf, ubuf);

	if (!cpu_has_fxsr)
		return user_regset_copyout(&pos, &count, &kbuf, &ubuf,
					   &target->thread.fpu.state->fsave, 0,
					   -1);

	sanitize_i387_state(target);

	if (kbuf && pos == 0 && count == sizeof(env)) {
		convert_from_fxsr(kbuf, target);
		return 0;
	}

	convert_from_fxsr(&env, target);

	return user_regset_copyout(&pos, &count, &kbuf, &ubuf, &env, 0, -1);
}

int fpregs_set(struct task_struct *target, const struct user_regset *regset,
	       unsigned int pos, unsigned int count,
	       const void *kbuf, const void __user *ubuf)
{
	struct user_i387_ia32_struct env;
	int ret;

	ret = init_fpu(target);
	if (ret)
		return ret;

	sanitize_i387_state(target);

	if (!static_cpu_has(X86_FEATURE_FPU))
		return fpregs_soft_set(target, regset, pos, count, kbuf, ubuf);

	if (!cpu_has_fxsr)
		return user_regset_copyin(&pos, &count, &kbuf, &ubuf,
					  &target->thread.fpu.state->fsave, 0,
					  -1);

	if (pos > 0 || count < sizeof(env))
		convert_from_fxsr(&env, target);

	ret = user_regset_copyin(&pos, &count, &kbuf, &ubuf, &env, 0, -1);
	if (!ret)
		convert_to_fxsr(target, &env);

	/*
	 * update the header bit in the xsave header, indicating the
	 * presence of FP.
	 */
	if (cpu_has_xsave)
		target->thread.fpu.state->xsave.xsave_hdr.xstate_bv |= XSTATE_FP;
	return ret;
}

/*
 * FPU state for core dumps.
 * This is only used for a.out dumps now.
 * It is declared generically using elf_fpregset_t (which is
 * struct user_i387_struct) but is in fact only used for 32-bit
 * dumps, so on 64-bit it is really struct user_i387_ia32_struct.
 */
int dump_fpu(struct pt_regs *regs, struct user_i387_struct *fpu)
{
	struct task_struct *tsk = current;
	int fpvalid;

	fpvalid = !!used_math();
	if (fpvalid)
		fpvalid = !fpregs_get(tsk, NULL,
				      0, sizeof(struct user_i387_ia32_struct),
				      fpu, NULL);

	return fpvalid;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(dump_fpu);

#endif	/* CONFIG_X86_32 || CONFIG_IA32_EMULATION */

static int __init no_387(char *s)
{
	setup_clear_cpu_cap(X86_FEATURE_FPU);
	return 1;
}

__setup("no387", no_387);

void fpu_detect(struct cpuinfo_x86 *c)
{
	unsigned long cr0;
	u16 fsw, fcw;

	fsw = fcw = 0xffff;

	cr0 = read_cr0();
	cr0 &= ~(X86_CR0_TS | X86_CR0_EM);
	write_cr0(cr0);

	asm volatile("fninit ; fnstsw %0 ; fnstcw %1"
		     : "+m" (fsw), "+m" (fcw));

	if (fsw == 0 && (fcw & 0x103f) == 0x003f)
		set_cpu_cap(c, X86_FEATURE_FPU);
	else
		clear_cpu_cap(c, X86_FEATURE_FPU);

	/* The final cr0 value is set in fpu_init() */
}