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550 lines
26 KiB
Common Lisp
550 lines
26 KiB
Common Lisp
;;; ***** BEGIN LICENSE BLOCK *****
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;;; Version: MPL 1.1/GPL 2.0/LGPL 2.1
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;;;
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;;; The contents of this file are subject to the Mozilla Public License Version
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;;; 1.1 (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
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;;; the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
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;;; http://www.mozilla.org/MPL/
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;;;
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;;; Software distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" basis,
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;;; WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the License
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;;; for the specific language governing rights and limitations under the
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;;; License.
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;;;
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;;; The Original Code is the Language Design and Prototyping Environment.
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;;;
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;;; The Initial Developer of the Original Code is
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;;; Netscape Communications Corporation.
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;;; Portions created by the Initial Developer are Copyright (C) 1999-2002
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;;; the Initial Developer. All Rights Reserved.
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;;;
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;;; Contributor(s):
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;;; Waldemar Horwat <waldemar@acm.org>
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;;;
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;;; Alternatively, the contents of this file may be used under the terms of
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;;; either the GNU General Public License Version 2 or later (the "GPL"), or
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;;; the GNU Lesser General Public License Version 2.1 or later (the "LGPL"),
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;;; in which case the provisions of the GPL or the LGPL are applicable instead
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;;; of those above. If you wish to allow use of your version of this file only
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;;; under the terms of either the GPL or the LGPL, and not to allow others to
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;;; use your version of this file under the terms of the MPL, indicate your
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;;; decision by deleting the provisions above and replace them with the notice
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;;; and other provisions required by the GPL or the LGPL. If you do not delete
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;;; the provisions above, a recipient may use your version of this file under
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;;; the terms of any one of the MPL, the GPL or the LGPL.
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;;;
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;;; ***** END LICENSE BLOCK *****
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;;;
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;;; LALR(1) and LR(1) parametrized grammar utilities
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;;;
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;;; Waldemar Horwat (waldemar@acm.org)
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;;;
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;;; ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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;;; UTILITIES
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(declaim (inline identifier?))
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(defun identifier? (form)
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(and form (symbolp form) (not (keywordp form))))
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(deftype identifier () '(satisfies identifier?))
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; Make sure that form is one of the following:
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; A symbol
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; An integer
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; A float
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; A character
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; A string
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; A list of zero or more forms that also satisfy ensure-proper-form;
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; the list cannot be dotted.
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; Return the form.
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(defun ensure-proper-form (form)
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(labels
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((ensure-list-form (form)
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(or (null form)
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(and (consp form)
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(progn
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(ensure-proper-form (car form))
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(ensure-list-form (cdr form)))))))
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(unless
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(or (symbolp form)
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(integerp form)
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(floatp form)
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(characterp form)
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(stringp form)
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(ensure-list-form form))
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(error "Bad form: ~S" form))
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form))
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;;; ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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;;; TERMINALS
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; A terminal is any of the following:
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; A symbol that is neither nil nor a keyword
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; A string;
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; A character;
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; An integer.
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(defun terminal? (x)
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(and x
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(or (and (symbolp x) (not (keywordp x)))
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(stringp x)
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(characterp x)
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(integerp x))))
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; The following terminals are reserved and may not be used in user input:
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; $$ Marker for end of token stream
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(defconstant *end-marker* '$$)
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(defconstant *end-marker-terminal-number* 0)
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(deftype terminal () '(satisfies terminal?))
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(deftype user-terminal () `(and terminal (not (eql ,*end-marker*))))
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; Emit markup for a terminal. subscript is an optional integer.
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(defun depict-terminal (markup-stream terminal &optional subscript)
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(cond
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((characterp terminal)
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(depict-char-style (markup-stream :character-literal)
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(depict-character markup-stream terminal)))
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((and terminal (symbolp terminal))
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(let ((name (symbol-name terminal)))
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(if (and (> (length name) 0) (char= (char name 0) #\$))
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(depict-char-style (markup-stream :terminal)
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(depict markup-stream (subseq (symbol-upper-mixed-case-name terminal) 1)))
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(depict-char-style (markup-stream :terminal-keyword)
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(depict markup-stream (string-downcase name))))))
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(t (error "Don't know how to emit markup for terminal ~S" terminal)))
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(when subscript
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(depict-char-style (markup-stream :subscript)
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(depict-char-style (markup-stream :terminal-sub)
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(depict-integer markup-stream subscript)))))
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;;; ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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;;; NONTERMINAL PARAMETERS
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(declaim (inline nonterminal-parameter?))
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(defun nonterminal-parameter? (x)
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(symbolp x))
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(deftype nonterminal-parameter () 'symbol)
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; Return true if this nonterminal parameter is a constant.
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(declaim (inline nonterminal-attribute?))
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(defun nonterminal-attribute? (parameter)
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(and (symbolp parameter) (not (keywordp parameter))))
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(deftype nonterminal-attribute () '(and symbol (not keyword)))
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(defun depict-nonterminal-attribute (markup-stream attribute)
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(depict-char-style (markup-stream :nonterminal-attribute)
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(depict markup-stream (symbol-lower-mixed-case-name attribute))))
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; Return true if this nonterminal parameter is a variable.
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(declaim (inline nonterminal-argument?))
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(defun nonterminal-argument? (parameter)
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(keywordp parameter))
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(deftype nonterminal-argument () 'keyword)
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(defparameter *special-nonterminal-arguments*
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'(:alpha :beta :gamma :delta :epsilon :zeta :eta :theta :iota :kappa :lambda :mu :nu
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:xi :omicron :pi :rho :sigma :tau :upsilon :phi :chi :psi :omega))
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(defun depict-nonterminal-argument (markup-stream argument)
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(depict-char-style (markup-stream :nonterminal-argument)
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(let ((argument (symbol-abbreviation argument)))
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(depict markup-stream
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(if (member argument *special-nonterminal-arguments*)
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argument
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(symbol-upper-mixed-case-name argument))))))
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;;; ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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;;; ATTRIBUTED NONTERMINALS
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; An attributed-nonterminal is a specific instantiation of a generic-nonterminal.
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(defstruct (attributed-nonterminal (:constructor allocate-attributed-nonterminal (symbol attributes))
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(:copier nil)
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(:predicate attributed-nonterminal?))
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(symbol nil :type keyword :read-only t) ;The name of the attributed nonterminal
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(attributes nil :type list :read-only t)) ;Ordered list of nonterminal attributes
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; Make an attributed nonterminal with the given symbol and attributes. If there
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; are no attributes, return the symbol as a plain nonterminal.
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; Nonterminals are eq whenever they have identical symbols and attribute lists.
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(defun make-attributed-nonterminal (symbol attributes)
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(assert-type symbol keyword)
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(assert-type attributes (list nonterminal-attribute))
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(if attributes
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(let ((generic-nonterminals (get symbol 'generic-nonterminals)))
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(or (cdr (assoc attributes generic-nonterminals :test #'equal))
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(let ((attributed-nonterminal (allocate-attributed-nonterminal symbol attributes)))
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(setf (get symbol 'generic-nonterminals)
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(acons attributes attributed-nonterminal generic-nonterminals))
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attributed-nonterminal)))
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symbol))
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(defmethod print-object ((attributed-nonterminal attributed-nonterminal) stream)
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(print-unreadable-object (attributed-nonterminal stream)
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(format stream "a ~@_~W~{ ~:_~W~}"
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(attributed-nonterminal-symbol attributed-nonterminal)
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(attributed-nonterminal-attributes attributed-nonterminal))))
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;;; ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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;;; GENERIC NONTERMINALS
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; A generic-nonterminal is a parametrized nonterminal that can expand into two or more
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; attributed-nonterminals.
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(defstruct (generic-nonterminal (:constructor allocate-generic-nonterminal (symbol parameters))
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(:copier nil)
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(:predicate generic-nonterminal?))
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(symbol nil :type keyword :read-only t) ;The name of the generic nonterminal
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(parameters nil :type list :read-only t)) ;Ordered list of nonterminal attributes or arguments
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; Make a generic nonterminal with the given symbol and parameters. If none of
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; the parameters is an argument, make an attributed nonterminal instead. If there
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; are no parameters, return the symbol as a plain nonterminal.
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; Nonterminals are eq whenever they have identical symbols and parameter lists.
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(defun make-generic-nonterminal (symbol parameters)
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(assert-type symbol keyword)
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(if parameters
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(let ((generic-nonterminals (get symbol 'generic-nonterminals)))
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(or (cdr (assoc parameters generic-nonterminals :test #'equal))
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(progn
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(assert-type parameters (list nonterminal-parameter))
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(let ((generic-nonterminal (if (every #'nonterminal-attribute? parameters)
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(allocate-attributed-nonterminal symbol parameters)
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(allocate-generic-nonterminal symbol parameters))))
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(setf (get symbol 'generic-nonterminals)
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(acons parameters generic-nonterminal generic-nonterminals))
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generic-nonterminal))))
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symbol))
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(defmethod print-object ((generic-nonterminal generic-nonterminal) stream)
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(print-unreadable-object (generic-nonterminal stream)
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(format stream "g ~@_~W~{ ~:_~W~}"
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(generic-nonterminal-symbol generic-nonterminal)
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(generic-nonterminal-parameters generic-nonterminal))))
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;;; ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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;;; NONTERMINALS
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;;; A nonterminal is a keyword or an attributed-nonterminal.
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(declaim (inline nonterminal?))
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(defun nonterminal? (x)
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(or (keywordp x) (attributed-nonterminal? x)))
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; The following nonterminals are reserved and may not be used in user input:
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; :% Nonterminal that expands to the start nonterminal
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(defconstant *start-nonterminal* :%)
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(deftype nonterminal () '(or keyword attributed-nonterminal))
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(deftype user-nonterminal () `(and nonterminal (not (eql ,*start-nonterminal*))))
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;;; ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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;;; GENERAL NONTERMINALS
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;;; A general-nonterminal is a nonterminal or a generic-nonterminal.
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(declaim (inline general-nonterminal?))
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(defun general-nonterminal? (x)
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(or (nonterminal? x) (generic-nonterminal? x)))
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(deftype general-nonterminal () '(or nonterminal generic-nonterminal))
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; Return the list of parameters in the general-nonterminal. The list is empty if the
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; general-nonterminal is a plain nonterminal.
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(defun general-nonterminal-parameters (general-nonterminal)
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(cond
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((attributed-nonterminal? general-nonterminal) (attributed-nonterminal-attributes general-nonterminal))
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((generic-nonterminal? general-nonterminal) (generic-nonterminal-parameters general-nonterminal))
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(t (progn
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(assert-true (keywordp general-nonterminal))
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nil))))
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; Emit markup for a general-nonterminal. subscript is an optional integer.
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; link should be one of:
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; :reference if this is a reference of this general-nonterminal;
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; :external if this is an external reference of this general-nonterminal;
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; a string if this is an external reference of this general-nonterminal to the given html file;
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; :definition if this is a definition of this general-nonterminal;
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; nil if this use of the general-nonterminal should not be cross-referenced.
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(defun depict-general-nonterminal (markup-stream general-nonterminal link &optional subscript)
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(labels
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((depict-nonterminal-name (markup-stream symbol)
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(let ((name (symbol-upper-mixed-case-name symbol)))
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(depict-link (markup-stream link "N-" name t)
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(depict-char-style (markup-stream :nonterminal)
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(depict markup-stream name)))))
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(depict-nonterminal-parameter (markup-stream parameter)
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(if (nonterminal-attribute? parameter)
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(depict-nonterminal-attribute markup-stream parameter)
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(depict-nonterminal-argument markup-stream parameter)))
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(depict-parametrized-nonterminal (markup-stream symbol parameters)
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(depict-nonterminal-name markup-stream symbol)
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(depict-char-style (markup-stream :superscript)
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(depict-list markup-stream #'depict-nonterminal-parameter parameters
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:separator ","))))
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(cond
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((keywordp general-nonterminal)
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(depict-nonterminal-name markup-stream general-nonterminal))
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((attributed-nonterminal? general-nonterminal)
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(depict-parametrized-nonterminal markup-stream
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(attributed-nonterminal-symbol general-nonterminal)
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(attributed-nonterminal-attributes general-nonterminal)))
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((generic-nonterminal? general-nonterminal)
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(depict-parametrized-nonterminal markup-stream
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(generic-nonterminal-symbol general-nonterminal)
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(generic-nonterminal-parameters general-nonterminal)))
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(t (error "Bad nonterminal ~S" general-nonterminal)))
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(when subscript
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(depict-char-style (markup-stream :subscript)
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(depict-char-style (markup-stream :nonterminal-sub)
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(depict-integer markup-stream subscript))))))
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;;; ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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;;; GRAMMAR SYMBOLS
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;;; A grammar-symbol is either a terminal or a nonterminal.
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(deftype grammar-symbol () '(or terminal nonterminal))
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(deftype user-grammar-symbol () '(or user-terminal user-nonterminal))
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;;; A general-grammar-symbol is either a terminal or a general-nonterminal.
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(deftype general-grammar-symbol () '(or terminal general-nonterminal))
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; Return true if x is a general-grammar-symbol. x can be any object.
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(defun general-grammar-symbol? (x)
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(or (terminal? x) (general-nonterminal? x)))
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; Return true if the two grammar symbols are the same symbol.
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(declaim (inline grammar-symbol-=))
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(defun grammar-symbol-= (grammar-symbol1 grammar-symbol2)
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(eql grammar-symbol1 grammar-symbol2))
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; A version of grammar-symbol-= suitable for being the test function for hash tables.
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(defparameter *grammar-symbol-=* #'eql)
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; Return the general-grammar-symbol's symbol. Return it unchanged if it is not
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; an attributed or generic nonterminal.
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(defun general-grammar-symbol-symbol (general-grammar-symbol)
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(cond
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((attributed-nonterminal? general-grammar-symbol) (attributed-nonterminal-symbol general-grammar-symbol))
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((generic-nonterminal? general-grammar-symbol) (generic-nonterminal-symbol general-grammar-symbol))
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(t (assert-type general-grammar-symbol (or keyword terminal)))))
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; Return the list of arguments in the general-grammar-symbol. The list is empty if the
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; general-grammar-symbol is not a generic nonterminal.
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(defun general-grammar-symbol-arguments (general-grammar-symbol)
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(and (generic-nonterminal? general-grammar-symbol)
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(remove-if (complement #'nonterminal-argument?) (generic-nonterminal-parameters general-grammar-symbol))))
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; Return the general-grammar-symbol expanded into source form that can be interned to yield the same
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; general-grammar-symbol.
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(defun general-grammar-symbol-source (general-grammar-symbol)
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(cond
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((attributed-nonterminal? general-grammar-symbol)
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(cons (attributed-nonterminal-symbol general-grammar-symbol) (attributed-nonterminal-attributes general-grammar-symbol)))
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((generic-nonterminal? general-grammar-symbol)
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(cons (generic-nonterminal-symbol general-grammar-symbol) (generic-nonterminal-parameters general-grammar-symbol)))
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(t (assert-type general-grammar-symbol (or keyword terminal)))))
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; Emit markup for a general-grammar-symbol. subscript is an optional integer.
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; link should be one of:
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; :reference if this is a reference of this general-grammar-symbol;
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; :external if this is an external reference of this general-grammar-symbol;
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; a string if this is an external reference of this general-grammar-symbol to the given html file;
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; :definition if this is a definition of this general-grammar-symbol;
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; nil if this use of the general-grammar-symbol should not be cross-referenced.
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(defun depict-general-grammar-symbol (markup-stream general-grammar-symbol link &optional subscript)
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(if (general-nonterminal? general-grammar-symbol)
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(depict-general-nonterminal markup-stream general-grammar-symbol link subscript)
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(depict-terminal markup-stream general-grammar-symbol subscript)))
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; Styled text can include (:grammar-symbol <grammar-symbol-source> [<subscript>] [<link>]) as long as
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; *styled-text-grammar-parametrization* is bound around the call to depict-styled-text.
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(defvar *styled-text-grammar-parametrization*)
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(defun depict-grammar-symbol-styled-text (markup-stream grammar-symbol-source &optional subscript link)
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(depict-general-grammar-symbol markup-stream
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(grammar-parametrization-intern *styled-text-grammar-parametrization* grammar-symbol-source)
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(or link :reference)
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subscript))
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(setf (styled-text-depictor :grammar-symbol) #'depict-grammar-symbol-styled-text)
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;;; ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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;;; GRAMMAR PARAMETRIZATIONS
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; A grammar parametrization holds the rules for converting nonterminal arguments into nonterminal attributes.
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(defstruct (grammar-parametrization (:constructor allocate-grammar-parametrization (argument-attributes))
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(:predicate grammar-parametrization?))
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(argument-attributes nil :type hash-table :read-only t)) ;Hash table of nonterminal-argument -> list of nonterminal-attributes
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(defun make-grammar-parametrization ()
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(allocate-grammar-parametrization (make-hash-table :test #'eq)))
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; Return true if the two grammar-parametrizations are the same.
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(defun grammar-parametrization-= (grammar-parametrization1 grammar-parametrization2)
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(hash-table-= (grammar-parametrization-argument-attributes grammar-parametrization1)
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(grammar-parametrization-argument-attributes grammar-parametrization2)
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:test #'equal))
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; Declare that nonterminal arguments with the given name can hold any of the
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; given nonterminal attributes given. At least one attribute must be provided.
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(defun grammar-parametrization-declare-argument (grammar-parametrization argument attributes)
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(assert-type argument nonterminal-argument)
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(assert-type attributes (list nonterminal-attribute))
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(assert-true attributes)
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(when (gethash argument (grammar-parametrization-argument-attributes grammar-parametrization))
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(error "Duplicate parametrized grammar argument ~S" argument))
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(setf (gethash argument (grammar-parametrization-argument-attributes grammar-parametrization)) attributes))
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; Return the attributes to which the given argument may expand.
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(defun grammar-parametrization-lookup-argument (grammar-parametrization argument)
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(assert-non-null (gethash argument (grammar-parametrization-argument-attributes grammar-parametrization))))
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; Create a plain, attributed, or generic grammar symbol from the specification in grammar-symbol-source.
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; If grammar-symbol-source is not a cons, it is a plain grammar symbol. If it is a list, its first element
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; must be a keyword that is a nonterminal's symbol and the other elements must be nonterminal
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; parameters.
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; Return two values:
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; the grammar symbol
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; a list of arguments used in the grammar symbol.
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; If allowed-arguments is given, check that each argument is in the allowed-arguments list;
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; if not, allow any arguments declared in grammar-parametrization but do not allow duplicates.
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(defun grammar-parametrization-intern (grammar-parametrization grammar-symbol-source &optional (allowed-arguments nil allow-duplicates))
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(if (consp grammar-symbol-source)
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(progn
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(assert-type grammar-symbol-source (cons keyword (list nonterminal-parameter)))
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(let* ((symbol (car grammar-symbol-source))
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(parameters (cdr grammar-symbol-source))
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|
(arguments (remove-if (complement #'nonterminal-argument?) parameters)))
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|
(mapl #'(lambda (arguments)
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|
(let ((argument (car arguments)))
|
|
(if allow-duplicates
|
|
(unless (member argument allowed-arguments :test #'eq)
|
|
(error "Undefined nonterminal argument ~S" argument))
|
|
(progn
|
|
(unless (gethash argument (grammar-parametrization-argument-attributes grammar-parametrization))
|
|
(error "Undeclared nonterminal argument ~S" argument))
|
|
(when (member argument (cdr arguments) :test #'eq)
|
|
(error "Duplicate nonterminal argument ~S" argument))))))
|
|
arguments)
|
|
(values (make-generic-nonterminal symbol parameters) arguments)))
|
|
(values (assert-type grammar-symbol-source (or keyword terminal)) nil)))
|
|
|
|
|
|
; Call f on each possible binding permutation of the given arguments concatenated with the bindings in
|
|
; bound-argument-alist. f takes one argument, an association list that maps arguments to attributes.
|
|
(defun grammar-parametrization-each-permutation (grammar-parametrization f arguments &optional bound-argument-alist)
|
|
(if arguments
|
|
(let ((argument (car arguments))
|
|
(rest-arguments (cdr arguments)))
|
|
(dolist (attribute (grammar-parametrization-lookup-argument grammar-parametrization argument))
|
|
(grammar-parametrization-each-permutation grammar-parametrization f rest-arguments (acons argument attribute bound-argument-alist))))
|
|
(funcall f bound-argument-alist)))
|
|
|
|
|
|
; If general-grammar-symbol is a generic-nonterminal, return one possible binding permutation of its arguments;
|
|
; otherwise return nil.
|
|
(defun nonterminal-sample-bound-argument-alist (grammar-parametrization general-grammar-symbol)
|
|
(when (generic-nonterminal? general-grammar-symbol)
|
|
(grammar-parametrization-each-permutation
|
|
grammar-parametrization
|
|
#'(lambda (bound-argument-alist) (return-from nonterminal-sample-bound-argument-alist bound-argument-alist))
|
|
(general-grammar-symbol-arguments general-grammar-symbol))))
|
|
|
|
|
|
; If the grammar symbol is a generic nonterminal, convert it into an attributed nonterminal
|
|
; by instantiating its arguments with the corresponding attributes from the bound-argument-alist.
|
|
; If the grammar symbol is already an attributed or plain nonterminal, return it unchanged.
|
|
(defun instantiate-general-grammar-symbol (bound-argument-alist general-grammar-symbol)
|
|
(if (generic-nonterminal? general-grammar-symbol)
|
|
(make-attributed-nonterminal
|
|
(generic-nonterminal-symbol general-grammar-symbol)
|
|
(mapcar #'(lambda (parameter)
|
|
(if (nonterminal-argument? parameter)
|
|
(let ((binding (assoc parameter bound-argument-alist :test #'eq)))
|
|
(if binding
|
|
(cdr binding)
|
|
(error "Unbound nonterminal argument ~S" parameter)))
|
|
parameter))
|
|
(generic-nonterminal-parameters general-grammar-symbol)))
|
|
(assert-type general-grammar-symbol grammar-symbol)))
|
|
|
|
|
|
; If the grammar symbol is a generic nonterminal parametrized on argument, substitute
|
|
; attribute for argument in it and return the modified grammar symbol. Otherwise, return it unchanged.
|
|
(defun general-grammar-symbol-substitute (attribute argument general-grammar-symbol)
|
|
(assert-type attribute nonterminal-attribute)
|
|
(assert-type argument nonterminal-argument)
|
|
(if (and (generic-nonterminal? general-grammar-symbol)
|
|
(member argument (generic-nonterminal-parameters general-grammar-symbol) :test #'eq))
|
|
(make-generic-nonterminal
|
|
(generic-nonterminal-symbol general-grammar-symbol)
|
|
(substitute attribute argument (generic-nonterminal-parameters general-grammar-symbol) :test #'eq))
|
|
(assert-type general-grammar-symbol general-grammar-symbol)))
|
|
|
|
|
|
; If the general grammar symbol is a generic nonterminal, return a list of all possible attributed nonterminals
|
|
; that can be instantiated from it; otherwise, return a one-element list containing the given general grammar symbol.
|
|
(defun general-grammar-symbol-instances (grammar-parametrization general-grammar-symbol)
|
|
(if (generic-nonterminal? general-grammar-symbol)
|
|
(let ((instances nil))
|
|
(grammar-parametrization-each-permutation
|
|
grammar-parametrization
|
|
#'(lambda (bound-argument-alist)
|
|
(push (instantiate-general-grammar-symbol bound-argument-alist general-grammar-symbol) instances))
|
|
(general-grammar-symbol-arguments general-grammar-symbol))
|
|
(nreverse instances))
|
|
(list (assert-type general-grammar-symbol grammar-symbol))))
|
|
|
|
|
|
; Return true if grammar-symbol can be obtained by calling instantiate-general-grammar-symbol on
|
|
; general-grammar-symbol.
|
|
(defun general-nonterminal-is-instance? (grammar-parametrization general-grammar-symbol grammar-symbol)
|
|
(or (grammar-symbol-= general-grammar-symbol grammar-symbol)
|
|
(and (generic-nonterminal? general-grammar-symbol)
|
|
(attributed-nonterminal? grammar-symbol)
|
|
(let ((parameters (generic-nonterminal-parameters general-grammar-symbol))
|
|
(attributes (attributed-nonterminal-attributes grammar-symbol)))
|
|
(and (= (length parameters) (length attributes))
|
|
(every #'(lambda (parameter attribute)
|
|
(or (eq parameter attribute)
|
|
(and (nonterminal-argument? parameter)
|
|
(member attribute (grammar-parametrization-lookup-argument grammar-parametrization parameter) :test #'eq))))
|
|
parameters
|
|
attributes))))))
|