379 lines
14 KiB
Python

# Copyright 2011, Google Inc.
# All rights reserved.
#
# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
# met:
#
# * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
# notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
# * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
# copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
# in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
# distribution.
# * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
# contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
# this software without specific prior written permission.
#
# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
# "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
# LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
# A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
# OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
# SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
# LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
# DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
# THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
# (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
# OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
"""This file provides the opening handshake processor for the WebSocket
protocol (RFC 6455).
Specification:
http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6455
"""
# Note: request.connection.write is used in this module, even though mod_python
# document says that it should be used only in connection handlers.
# Unfortunately, we have no other options. For example, request.write is not
# suitable because it doesn't allow direct raw bytes writing.
import base64
import logging
import os
import re
from mod_pywebsocket import common
from mod_pywebsocket.extensions import get_extension_processor
from mod_pywebsocket.handshake._base import check_request_line
from mod_pywebsocket.handshake._base import format_extensions
from mod_pywebsocket.handshake._base import format_header
from mod_pywebsocket.handshake._base import get_mandatory_header
from mod_pywebsocket.handshake._base import HandshakeException
from mod_pywebsocket.handshake._base import parse_extensions
from mod_pywebsocket.handshake._base import parse_token_list
from mod_pywebsocket.handshake._base import validate_mandatory_header
from mod_pywebsocket.handshake._base import validate_subprotocol
from mod_pywebsocket.handshake._base import VersionException
from mod_pywebsocket.stream import Stream
from mod_pywebsocket.stream import StreamOptions
from mod_pywebsocket import util
# Used to validate the value in the Sec-WebSocket-Key header strictly. RFC 4648
# disallows non-zero padding, so the character right before == must be any of
# A, Q, g and w.
_SEC_WEBSOCKET_KEY_REGEX = re.compile('^[+/0-9A-Za-z]{21}[AQgw]==$')
# Defining aliases for values used frequently.
_VERSION_HYBI08 = common.VERSION_HYBI08
_VERSION_HYBI08_STRING = str(_VERSION_HYBI08)
_VERSION_LATEST = common.VERSION_HYBI_LATEST
_VERSION_LATEST_STRING = str(_VERSION_LATEST)
_SUPPORTED_VERSIONS = [
_VERSION_LATEST,
_VERSION_HYBI08,
]
def compute_accept(key):
"""Computes value for the Sec-WebSocket-Accept header from value of the
Sec-WebSocket-Key header.
"""
accept_binary = util.sha1_hash(
key + common.WEBSOCKET_ACCEPT_UUID).digest()
accept = base64.b64encode(accept_binary)
return (accept, accept_binary)
class Handshaker(object):
"""Opening handshake processor for the WebSocket protocol (RFC 6455)."""
def __init__(self, request, dispatcher):
"""Construct an instance.
Args:
request: mod_python request.
dispatcher: Dispatcher (dispatch.Dispatcher).
Handshaker will add attributes such as ws_resource during handshake.
"""
self._logger = util.get_class_logger(self)
self._request = request
self._dispatcher = dispatcher
def _validate_connection_header(self):
connection = get_mandatory_header(
self._request, common.CONNECTION_HEADER)
try:
connection_tokens = parse_token_list(connection)
except HandshakeException, e:
raise HandshakeException(
'Failed to parse %s: %s' % (common.CONNECTION_HEADER, e))
connection_is_valid = False
for token in connection_tokens:
if token.lower() == common.UPGRADE_CONNECTION_TYPE.lower():
connection_is_valid = True
break
if not connection_is_valid:
raise HandshakeException(
'%s header doesn\'t contain "%s"' %
(common.CONNECTION_HEADER, common.UPGRADE_CONNECTION_TYPE))
def do_handshake(self):
self._request.ws_close_code = None
self._request.ws_close_reason = None
# Parsing.
check_request_line(self._request)
validate_mandatory_header(
self._request,
common.UPGRADE_HEADER,
common.WEBSOCKET_UPGRADE_TYPE)
self._validate_connection_header()
self._request.ws_resource = self._request.uri
unused_host = get_mandatory_header(self._request, common.HOST_HEADER)
self._request.ws_version = self._check_version()
# This handshake must be based on latest hybi. We are responsible to
# fallback to HTTP on handshake failure as latest hybi handshake
# specifies.
try:
self._get_origin()
self._set_protocol()
self._parse_extensions()
# Key validation, response generation.
key = self._get_key()
(accept, accept_binary) = compute_accept(key)
self._logger.debug(
'%s: %r (%s)',
common.SEC_WEBSOCKET_ACCEPT_HEADER,
accept,
util.hexify(accept_binary))
self._logger.debug('Protocol version is RFC 6455')
# Setup extension processors.
processors = []
if self._request.ws_requested_extensions is not None:
for extension_request in self._request.ws_requested_extensions:
processor = get_extension_processor(extension_request)
# Unknown extension requests are just ignored.
if processor is not None:
processors.append(processor)
self._request.ws_extension_processors = processors
# Extra handshake handler may modify/remove processors.
self._dispatcher.do_extra_handshake(self._request)
stream_options = StreamOptions()
self._request.ws_extensions = None
for processor in self._request.ws_extension_processors:
if processor is None:
# Some processors may be removed by extra handshake
# handler.
continue
extension_response = processor.get_extension_response()
if extension_response is None:
# Rejected.
continue
if self._request.ws_extensions is None:
self._request.ws_extensions = []
self._request.ws_extensions.append(extension_response)
processor.setup_stream_options(stream_options)
if self._request.ws_extensions is not None:
self._logger.debug(
'Extensions accepted: %r',
map(common.ExtensionParameter.name,
self._request.ws_extensions))
self._request.ws_stream = Stream(self._request, stream_options)
if self._request.ws_requested_protocols is not None:
if self._request.ws_protocol is None:
raise HandshakeException(
'do_extra_handshake must choose one subprotocol from '
'ws_requested_protocols and set it to ws_protocol')
validate_subprotocol(self._request.ws_protocol, hixie=False)
self._logger.debug(
'Subprotocol accepted: %r',
self._request.ws_protocol)
else:
if self._request.ws_protocol is not None:
raise HandshakeException(
'ws_protocol must be None when the client didn\'t '
'request any subprotocol')
self._send_handshake(accept)
except HandshakeException, e:
if not e.status:
# Fallback to 400 bad request by default.
e.status = common.HTTP_STATUS_BAD_REQUEST
raise e
def _get_origin(self):
if self._request.ws_version is _VERSION_HYBI08:
origin_header = common.SEC_WEBSOCKET_ORIGIN_HEADER
else:
origin_header = common.ORIGIN_HEADER
origin = self._request.headers_in.get(origin_header)
if origin is None:
self._logger.debug('Client request does not have origin header')
self._request.ws_origin = origin
def _check_version(self):
version = get_mandatory_header(self._request,
common.SEC_WEBSOCKET_VERSION_HEADER)
if version == _VERSION_HYBI08_STRING:
return _VERSION_HYBI08
if version == _VERSION_LATEST_STRING:
return _VERSION_LATEST
if version.find(',') >= 0:
raise HandshakeException(
'Multiple versions (%r) are not allowed for header %s' %
(version, common.SEC_WEBSOCKET_VERSION_HEADER),
status=common.HTTP_STATUS_BAD_REQUEST)
raise VersionException(
'Unsupported version %r for header %s' %
(version, common.SEC_WEBSOCKET_VERSION_HEADER),
supported_versions=', '.join(map(str, _SUPPORTED_VERSIONS)))
def _set_protocol(self):
self._request.ws_protocol = None
# MOZILLA
self._request.sts = None
# /MOZILLA
protocol_header = self._request.headers_in.get(
common.SEC_WEBSOCKET_PROTOCOL_HEADER)
if not protocol_header:
self._request.ws_requested_protocols = None
return
self._request.ws_requested_protocols = parse_token_list(
protocol_header)
self._logger.debug('Subprotocols requested: %r',
self._request.ws_requested_protocols)
def _parse_extensions(self):
extensions_header = self._request.headers_in.get(
common.SEC_WEBSOCKET_EXTENSIONS_HEADER)
if not extensions_header:
self._request.ws_requested_extensions = None
return
if self._request.ws_version is common.VERSION_HYBI08:
allow_quoted_string=False
else:
allow_quoted_string=True
self._request.ws_requested_extensions = parse_extensions(
extensions_header, allow_quoted_string=allow_quoted_string)
self._logger.debug(
'Extensions requested: %r',
map(common.ExtensionParameter.name,
self._request.ws_requested_extensions))
def _validate_key(self, key):
if key.find(',') >= 0:
raise HandshakeException('Request has multiple %s header lines or '
'contains illegal character \',\': %r' %
(common.SEC_WEBSOCKET_KEY_HEADER, key))
# Validate
key_is_valid = False
try:
# Validate key by quick regex match before parsing by base64
# module. Because base64 module skips invalid characters, we have
# to do this in advance to make this server strictly reject illegal
# keys.
if _SEC_WEBSOCKET_KEY_REGEX.match(key):
decoded_key = base64.b64decode(key)
if len(decoded_key) == 16:
key_is_valid = True
except TypeError, e:
pass
if not key_is_valid:
raise HandshakeException(
'Illegal value for header %s: %r' %
(common.SEC_WEBSOCKET_KEY_HEADER, key))
return decoded_key
def _get_key(self):
key = get_mandatory_header(
self._request, common.SEC_WEBSOCKET_KEY_HEADER)
decoded_key = self._validate_key(key)
self._logger.debug(
'%s: %r (%s)',
common.SEC_WEBSOCKET_KEY_HEADER,
key,
util.hexify(decoded_key))
return key
def _send_handshake(self, accept):
response = []
response.append('HTTP/1.1 101 Switching Protocols\r\n')
response.append(format_header(
common.UPGRADE_HEADER, common.WEBSOCKET_UPGRADE_TYPE))
response.append(format_header(
common.CONNECTION_HEADER, common.UPGRADE_CONNECTION_TYPE))
response.append(format_header(
common.SEC_WEBSOCKET_ACCEPT_HEADER, accept))
if self._request.ws_protocol is not None:
response.append(format_header(
common.SEC_WEBSOCKET_PROTOCOL_HEADER,
self._request.ws_protocol))
if (self._request.ws_extensions is not None and
len(self._request.ws_extensions) != 0):
response.append(format_header(
common.SEC_WEBSOCKET_EXTENSIONS_HEADER,
format_extensions(self._request.ws_extensions)))
# MOZILLA: Add HSTS header if requested to
if self._request.sts is not None:
response.append(format_header("Strict-Transport-Security",
self._request.sts))
# /MOZILLA
response.append('\r\n')
raw_response = ''.join(response)
self._request.connection.write(raw_response)
self._logger.debug('Sent server\'s opening handshake: %r',
raw_response)
# vi:sts=4 sw=4 et