[modules] Fix crash in complex class merging scenario.

When we merge together class definitions, we can end up with the canonical
declaration of a field not being the one that was lexically within the
canonical definition of the class. Additionally, when we merge class
definitions via update records (eg, for a template specialization whose
declaration is instantiated in one module and whose definition is instantiated
in multiple others), we can end up with the list of lexical contents for the
class not including a particular declaration of a field whose lexical parent is
that class definition. In the worst case, we have a field whose canonical
declaration's lexical parent has no fields, and in that case this attempt to
number the fields by walking the fields in the declaration of the class that
contained one of the canonical fields will fail.

Instead, when numbering fields in a class, do the obvious thing: walk the
fields in the definition.

I'm still trying to reduce a testcase; the setup that leads to the above
scenario seems to be quite fragile.

llvm-svn: 318245

clang/lib/AST/Decl.cpp

@@ -3630,7 +3630,8 @@ unsigned FieldDecl::getFieldIndex() const {
   if (CachedFieldIndex) return CachedFieldIndex - 1;
 
   unsigned Index = 0;
-  const RecordDecl *RD = getParent();
+  const RecordDecl *RD = getParent()->getDefinition();
+  assert(RD && "requested index for field of struct with no definition");
 
   for (auto *Field : RD->fields()) {
     Field->getCanonicalDecl()->CachedFieldIndex = Index + 1;