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237 lines
9.8 KiB
ReStructuredText
237 lines
9.8 KiB
ReStructuredText
===========
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ClangFormat
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===========
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`ClangFormat` describes a set of tools that are built on top of
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:doc:`LibFormat`. It can support your workflow in a variety of ways including a
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standalone tool and editor integrations.
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Standalone Tool
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===============
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:program:`clang-format` is located in `clang/tools/clang-format` and can be used
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to format C/C++/Java/JavaScript/Objective-C/Protobuf/C# code.
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.. code-block:: console
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$ clang-format -help
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OVERVIEW: A tool to format C/C++/Java/JavaScript/Objective-C/Protobuf/C# code.
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If no arguments are specified, it formats the code from standard input
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and writes the result to the standard output.
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If <file>s are given, it reformats the files. If -i is specified
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together with <file>s, the files are edited in-place. Otherwise, the
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result is written to the standard output.
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USAGE: clang-format [options] [<file> ...]
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OPTIONS:
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Clang-format options:
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--Werror - If set, changes formatting warnings to errors
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--assume-filename=<string> - Override filename used to determine the language.
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When reading from stdin, clang-format assumes this
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filename to determine the language.
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--cursor=<uint> - The position of the cursor when invoking
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clang-format from an editor integration
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--dry-run - If set, do not actually make the formatting changes
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--dump-config - Dump configuration options to stdout and exit.
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Can be used with -style option.
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--fallback-style=<string> - The name of the predefined style used as a
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fallback in case clang-format is invoked with
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-style=file, but can not find the .clang-format
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file to use.
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Use -fallback-style=none to skip formatting.
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--ferror-limit=<uint> - Set the maximum number of clang-format errors to
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emit before stopping (0 = no limit). Used only
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with --dry-run or -n
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-i - Inplace edit <file>s, if specified.
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--length=<uint> - Format a range of this length (in bytes).
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Multiple ranges can be formatted by specifying
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several -offset and -length pairs.
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When only a single -offset is specified without
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-length, clang-format will format up to the end
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of the file.
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Can only be used with one input file.
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--lines=<string> - <start line>:<end line> - format a range of
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lines (both 1-based).
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Multiple ranges can be formatted by specifying
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several -lines arguments.
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Can't be used with -offset and -length.
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Can only be used with one input file.
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-n - Alias for --dry-run
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--offset=<uint> - Format a range starting at this byte offset.
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Multiple ranges can be formatted by specifying
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several -offset and -length pairs.
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Can only be used with one input file.
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--output-replacements-xml - Output replacements as XML.
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--sort-includes - If set, overrides the include sorting behavior
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determined by the SortIncludes style flag
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--style=<string> - Coding style, currently supports:
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LLVM, Google, Chromium, Mozilla, WebKit.
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Use -style=file to load style configuration from
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.clang-format file located in one of the parent
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directories of the source file (or current
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directory for stdin).
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Use -style="{key: value, ...}" to set specific
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parameters, e.g.:
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-style="{BasedOnStyle: llvm, IndentWidth: 8}"
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--verbose - If set, shows the list of processed files
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Generic Options:
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--help - Display available options (--help-hidden for more)
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--help-list - Display list of available options (--help-list-hidden for more)
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--version - Display the version of this program
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When the desired code formatting style is different from the available options,
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the style can be customized using the ``-style="{key: value, ...}"`` option or
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by putting your style configuration in the ``.clang-format`` or ``_clang-format``
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file in your project's directory and using ``clang-format -style=file``.
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An easy way to create the ``.clang-format`` file is:
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.. code-block:: console
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clang-format -style=llvm -dump-config > .clang-format
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Available style options are described in :doc:`ClangFormatStyleOptions`.
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Vim Integration
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===============
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There is an integration for :program:`vim` which lets you run the
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:program:`clang-format` standalone tool on your current buffer, optionally
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selecting regions to reformat. The integration has the form of a `python`-file
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which can be found under `clang/tools/clang-format/clang-format.py`.
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This can be integrated by adding the following to your `.vimrc`:
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.. code-block:: vim
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map <C-K> :pyf <path-to-this-file>/clang-format.py<cr>
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imap <C-K> <c-o>:pyf <path-to-this-file>/clang-format.py<cr>
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The first line enables :program:`clang-format` for NORMAL and VISUAL mode, the
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second line adds support for INSERT mode. Change "C-K" to another binding if
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you need :program:`clang-format` on a different key (C-K stands for Ctrl+k).
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With this integration you can press the bound key and clang-format will
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format the current line in NORMAL and INSERT mode or the selected region in
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VISUAL mode. The line or region is extended to the next bigger syntactic
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entity.
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It operates on the current, potentially unsaved buffer and does not create
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or save any files. To revert a formatting, just undo.
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An alternative option is to format changes when saving a file and thus to
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have a zero-effort integration into the coding workflow. To do this, add this to
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your `.vimrc`:
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.. code-block:: vim
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function! Formatonsave()
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let l:formatdiff = 1
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pyf ~/llvm/tools/clang/tools/clang-format/clang-format.py
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endfunction
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autocmd BufWritePre *.h,*.cc,*.cpp call Formatonsave()
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Emacs Integration
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=================
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Similar to the integration for :program:`vim`, there is an integration for
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:program:`emacs`. It can be found at `clang/tools/clang-format/clang-format.el`
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and used by adding this to your `.emacs`:
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.. code-block:: common-lisp
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(load "<path-to-clang>/tools/clang-format/clang-format.el")
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(global-set-key [C-M-tab] 'clang-format-region)
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This binds the function `clang-format-region` to C-M-tab, which then formats the
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current line or selected region.
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BBEdit Integration
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==================
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:program:`clang-format` cannot be used as a text filter with BBEdit, but works
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well via a script. The AppleScript to do this integration can be found at
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`clang/tools/clang-format/clang-format-bbedit.applescript`; place a copy in
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`~/Library/Application Support/BBEdit/Scripts`, and edit the path within it to
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point to your local copy of :program:`clang-format`.
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With this integration you can select the script from the Script menu and
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:program:`clang-format` will format the selection. Note that you can rename the
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menu item by renaming the script, and can assign the menu item a keyboard
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shortcut in the BBEdit preferences, under Menus & Shortcuts.
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CLion Integration
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==================
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:program:`clang-format` is integrated into `CLion <https://www.jetbrains
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.com/clion/>`_ as an alternative code formatter. It is disabled by default and
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can be turned on in Settings/Preferences | Editor | Code Style.
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If :program:`clang-format` support is enabled, CLion detects config files when
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opening a project and suggests overriding the current IDE settings. Code style
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rules from the ``.clang-format`` files are then applied automatically to all
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editor actions, including auto-completion, code generation, and refactorings.
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Visual Studio Integration
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=========================
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Download the latest Visual Studio extension from the `alpha build site
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<https://llvm.org/builds/>`_. The default key-binding is Ctrl-R,Ctrl-F.
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Script for patch reformatting
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=============================
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The python script `clang/tools/clang-format/clang-format-diff.py` parses the
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output of a unified diff and reformats all contained lines with
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:program:`clang-format`.
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.. code-block:: console
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usage: clang-format-diff.py [-h] [-i] [-p NUM] [-regex PATTERN] [-style STYLE]
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Reformat changed lines in diff. Without -i option just output the diff that
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would be introduced.
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optional arguments:
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-h, --help show this help message and exit
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-i apply edits to files instead of displaying a diff
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-p NUM strip the smallest prefix containing P slashes
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-regex PATTERN custom pattern selecting file paths to reformat
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-style STYLE formatting style to apply (LLVM, Google, Chromium, Mozilla,
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WebKit)
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So to reformat all the lines in the latest :program:`git` commit, just do:
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.. code-block:: console
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git diff -U0 --no-color HEAD^ | clang-format-diff.py -i -p1
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With Mercurial/:program:`hg`:
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.. code-block:: console
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hg diff -U0 --color=never | clang-format-diff.py -i -p1
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In an SVN client, you can do:
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.. code-block:: console
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svn diff --diff-cmd=diff -x -U0 | clang-format-diff.py -i
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The option `-U0` will create a diff without context lines (the script would format
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those as well).
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