radare2/shlr/tcc/tccgen.c

/*
 *  TCC - Tiny C Compiler
 *
 *  Copyright (c) 2001-2004 Fabrice Bellard
 *
 * This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
 * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
 * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
 * version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
 *
 * This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
 * Lesser General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
 * License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
 * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
 */

#include "tcc.h"

#define TCC_ERR(...) do {				\
	tcc_error (__VA_ARGS__);			\
	return;								\
} while (0)
/* callback pointer */
ST_DATA char **tcc_cb_ptr;

/********************************************************/
/* global variables */

/* loc : local variable index
   ind : output code index
   rsym: return symbol
   anon_sym: anonymous symbol index
*/
ST_DATA int rsym, anon_sym = SYM_FIRST_ANOM, ind, loc;
ST_DATA Sym *sym_free_first;
ST_DATA void **sym_pools;
ST_DATA int nb_sym_pools;

static int arraysize = 0;

static const char *global_symname = NULL;
static const char *global_type = NULL;

ST_DATA Sym *global_stack;
ST_DATA Sym *local_stack;
ST_DATA Sym *scope_stack_bottom;
ST_DATA Sym *define_stack;
ST_DATA Sym *global_label_stack;
ST_DATA Sym *local_label_stack;

ST_DATA int vla_sp_loc_tmp;	/* vla_sp_loc is set to this when the value won't be needed later */
ST_DATA int vla_sp_root_loc;	/* vla_sp_loc for SP before any VLAs were pushed */
ST_DATA int *vla_sp_loc;/* Pointer to variable holding location to store stack pointer on the stack when modifying stack pointer */
ST_DATA int vla_flags;	/* VLA_* flags */

ST_DATA SValue __vstack[1 + VSTACK_SIZE], *vtop;

ST_DATA int const_wanted;	/* true if constant wanted */
ST_DATA int nocode_wanted;	/* true if no code generation wanted for an expression */
ST_DATA int global_expr;	/* true if compound literals must be allocated globally (used during initializers parsing */
ST_DATA CType func_vt;	/* current function return type (used by return instruction) */
ST_DATA int func_vc;
ST_DATA int last_line_num, last_ind, func_ind;	/* debug last line number and pc */
ST_DATA char *funcname;
ST_DATA char *dirname;

ST_DATA CType char_pointer_type, func_old_type;
ST_DATA CType int8_type, int16_type, int32_type, int64_type, size_type;

/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
static inline CType *pointed_type(CType *type);
static int is_compatible_types(CType *type1, CType *type2);
static int parse_btype(CType *type, AttributeDef *ad);
static void type_decl(CType *type, AttributeDef *ad, int *v, int td);
static void parse_expr_type(CType *type);
static void decl_initializer(CType *type, unsigned long c, int first, int size_only);
static void decl_initializer_alloc(CType *type, AttributeDef *ad, int r, int has_init, int v, char *asm_label, int scope);
static int decl0(int l, int is_for_loop_init);
static void expr_eq(void);
static void unary_type(CType *type);
static int is_compatible_parameter_types(CType *type1, CType *type2);
static void expr_type(CType *type);

/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
ST_INLN bool is_structured(CType *t) {
	return (t->t & VT_BTYPE) == VT_STRUCT || (t->t & VT_BTYPE) == VT_UNION;
}

ST_INLN bool is_struct(CType *t) {
	return (t->t & VT_BTYPE) == VT_STRUCT;
}

ST_INLN bool is_union(CType *t) {
	return (t->t & VT_BTYPE) == VT_UNION;
}

ST_INLN bool is_enum(CType *t) {
	return (t->t & VT_BTYPE) == VT_ENUM;
}

ST_INLN bool is_float(int t) {
	int bt;
	bt = t & VT_BTYPE;
	return bt == VT_LDOUBLE || bt == VT_DOUBLE || bt == VT_FLOAT || bt == VT_QFLOAT;
}

ST_INLN bool not_structured(CType *t) {
	return (t->t & VT_BTYPE) != VT_STRUCT && (t->t & VT_BTYPE) != VT_UNION;
}

/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
/* we use our own 'finite' function to avoid potential problems with
   non standard math libs */
/* XXX: endianness dependent */
ST_FUNC int ieee_finite(double d) {
	int *p = (int *) &d;
	return ((unsigned) ((p[1] | 0x800fffff) + 1)) >> 31;
}

ST_FUNC void test_lvalue(void) {
	if (!(vtop->r & VT_LVAL)) {
		expect ("lvalue");
	}
}

/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
/* symbol allocator */
static Sym *__sym_malloc(void) {
	Sym *sym_pool, *sym, *last_sym;
	int i;
	int sym_pool_size = SYM_POOL_NB * sizeof(Sym);
	sym_pool = malloc (sym_pool_size);
	memset (sym_pool, 0, sym_pool_size);
	dynarray_add (&sym_pools, &nb_sym_pools, sym_pool);

	last_sym = sym_free_first;
	sym = sym_pool;
	for (i = 0; i < SYM_POOL_NB; i++) {
		sym->next = last_sym;
		last_sym = sym;
		sym++;
	}
	sym_free_first = last_sym;
	return last_sym;
}

static inline Sym *sym_malloc(void) {
	Sym *sym;
	sym = sym_free_first;
	if (!sym) {
		sym = __sym_malloc ();
	}
	sym_free_first = sym->next;
	return sym;
}

ST_INLN void sym_free(Sym *sym) {
	sym->next = sym_free_first;
	free (sym->asm_label);
	sym_free_first = sym;
}

/* push, without hashing */
ST_FUNC Sym *sym_push2(Sym **ps, int v, int t, long long c) {
	Sym *s;
	if (ps == &local_stack) {
		for (s = *ps; s && s != scope_stack_bottom; s = s->prev) {
			if (!(v & SYM_FIELD) && (v & ~SYM_STRUCT) < SYM_FIRST_ANOM && s->v == v) {
				tcc_error ("incompatible types for redefinition of '%s'",
					get_tok_str (v, NULL));
				return NULL;
			}
		}
	}
	// printf (" %d %ld set symbol '%s'\n", t, c, get_tok_str(v, NULL));
	// s = *ps;
	s = sym_malloc ();
	s->asm_label = NULL;
	s->v = v;
	s->type.t = t;
	s->type.ref = NULL;
#ifdef _WIN64
	s->d = NULL;
#endif
	s->c = c;
	s->next = NULL;
	/* add in stack */
	s->prev = *ps;
	*ps = s;
	return s;
}

/* find a symbol and return its associated structure. 's' is the top
   of the symbol stack */
ST_FUNC Sym *sym_find2(Sym *s, int v) {
	while (s) {
		if (s->v == v) {
			return s;
		}
		s = s->prev;
	}
	return NULL;
}

/* structure lookup */
ST_INLN Sym *struct_find(int v) {
	v -= TOK_IDENT;
	if ((unsigned) v >= (unsigned) (tok_ident - TOK_IDENT)) {
		return NULL;
	}
	return table_ident[v]->sym_struct;
}

/* find an identifier */
ST_INLN Sym *sym_find(int v) {
	v -= TOK_IDENT;
	if ((unsigned) v >= (unsigned) (tok_ident - TOK_IDENT)) {
		return NULL;
	}
	return table_ident[v]->sym_identifier;
}

// TODO: Add better way to store the meta information
// about the pushed type
int tcc_sym_push(char *typename, int typesize, int meta) {
	CType *new_type = (CType *) malloc (sizeof(CType));
	if (!new_type) {
		return 0;
	}
	new_type->ref = sym_malloc ();
	new_type->t = meta;

	if (!sym_push (0, new_type, 0, 0)) {
		return 0;
	}

	free (new_type);
	return 1;
}

void dump_type(CType *type, int depth) {
	if (depth <= 0) {
		return;
	}
	eprintf ("------------------------\n");
	int bt = type->t & VT_BTYPE;
	eprintf ("BTYPE = %d ", bt);
	switch (bt) {
	case VT_UNION: eprintf ("[UNION]\n");
		break;
	case VT_STRUCT: eprintf ("[STRUCT]\n");
		break;
	case VT_PTR: eprintf ("[PTR]\n");
		break;
	case VT_ENUM: eprintf ("[ENUM]\n");
		break;
	case VT_INT64: eprintf ("[INT64_T]\n");
		break;
	case VT_INT32: eprintf ("[INT32_T]\n");
		break;
	case VT_INT16: eprintf ("[INT16_T]\n");
		break;
	case VT_INT8: eprintf ("[INT8_T]\n");
		break;
	default:
		eprintf ("\n");
		break;
	}
	if (type->ref) {
		eprintf ("v = %d\n", type->ref->v);
		char *varstr = NULL;
		varstr = get_tok_str (type->ref->v, NULL);
		if (varstr) {
			eprintf ("var = %s\n", varstr);
		}
		if (type->ref->asm_label) {
			eprintf ("asm_label = %s\n", type->ref->asm_label);
		}
		eprintf ("r = %d\n", type->ref->r);
		eprintf ("associated type:\n");
		// dump_type(&(type->ref->type), --depth);
	}
}

/* push a given symbol on the symbol stack */
ST_FUNC Sym *sym_push(int v, CType *type, int r, long long c) {
	Sym *s, **ps;
	TokenSym *ts;

	if (local_stack) {
		ps = &local_stack;
	} else {
		ps = &global_stack;
	}
	// dump_type(type, 5);
	s = sym_push2 (ps, v, type->t, c);
	if (!s) {
		return NULL;
	}
	s->type.ref = type->ref;
	s->r = r;
	/* don't record fields or anonymous symbols */
	/* XXX: simplify */
	if (!(v & SYM_FIELD) && (v & ~SYM_STRUCT) < SYM_FIRST_ANOM) {
		int i = (v & ~SYM_STRUCT);
		if (i < TOK_IDENT) {
			eprintf ("Not found\n");
			return NULL;
		}
		// ts = table_ident[i - TOK_IDENT];
		/* record symbol in token array */
		ts = table_ident[(v & ~SYM_STRUCT) - TOK_IDENT];
		if (v & SYM_STRUCT) {
			ps = &ts->sym_struct;
		} else {
			ps = &ts->sym_identifier;
		}
		s->prev_tok = *ps;
		*ps = s;
	}
	return s;
}

/* push a global identifier */
ST_FUNC Sym *global_identifier_push(int v, int t, long long c) {
	Sym *s, **ps;
	s = sym_push2 (&global_stack, v, t, c);
	/* don't record anonymous symbol */
	if (s && v < SYM_FIRST_ANOM) {
		int i = (v & ~SYM_STRUCT);
		if (i < TOK_IDENT) {
			eprintf ("Not found\n");
			return NULL;
		}
		ps = &table_ident[i - TOK_IDENT]->sym_identifier;
		/* modify the top most local identifier, so that
		   sym_identifier will point to 's' when popped */
		while (*ps) {
			ps = &(*ps)->prev_tok;
		}
		s->prev_tok = NULL;
		*ps = s;
	}
	return s;
}

/* pop symbols until top reaches 'b' */
ST_FUNC void sym_pop(Sym **ptop, Sym *b) {
	Sym *s, *ss, **ps;
	TokenSym *ts;
	int v;
	if (!b) {
		return;
	}

	s = *ptop;
	while (s != b) {
		ss = s->prev;
		v = s->v;
		/* remove symbol in token array */
		/* XXX: simplify */
		if (!(v & SYM_FIELD) && (v & ~SYM_STRUCT) < SYM_FIRST_ANOM) {
			int i = (v & ~SYM_STRUCT);
			if (i < TOK_IDENT) {
				eprintf ("Not found\n");
				return;
			}
			ts = table_ident[i - TOK_IDENT]; //(v & ~SYM_STRUCT) - TOK_IDENT];
			if (v & SYM_STRUCT) {
				ps = &ts->sym_struct;
			} else {
				ps = &ts->sym_identifier;
			}
			*ps = s->prev_tok;
		}
		sym_free (s);
		s = ss;
	}
	*ptop = b;
}

static void weaken_symbol(Sym *sym) {
	sym->type.t |= VT_WEAK;
}

/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */

ST_FUNC void swap(int *p, int *q) {
	int t;
	t = *p;
	*p = *q;
	*q = t;
}

static void vsetc(CType *type, int r, CValue *vc) {
	if (vtop >= vstack + (VSTACK_SIZE - 1)) {
		TCC_ERR ("memory full");
	}
	vtop++;
	vtop->type = *type;
	vtop->r = r;
	vtop->r2 = VT_CONST;
	vtop->c = *vc;
}

/* push constant of type "type" with useless value */
void vpush(CType *type) {
	CValue cval = { 0 };
	vsetc (type, VT_CONST, &cval);
}

/* push integer constant */
ST_FUNC void vpushi(int v) {
	CValue cval = { 0 };
	cval.i = v;
	vsetc (&int32_type, VT_CONST, &cval);
}

/* push a pointer sized constant */
static void vpushs(long long v) {
	CValue cval;
	if (PTR_SIZE == 4) {
		cval.i = (int) v;
	} else {
		cval.ull = v;
	}
	vsetc (&size_type, VT_CONST, &cval);
}

/* push arbitrary 64 bit constant */
void vpush64(int ty, unsigned long long v) {
	CValue cval;
	CType ctype;
	ctype.t = ty;
	ctype.ref = NULL;
	cval.ull = v;
	vsetc (&ctype, VT_CONST, &cval);
}

/* push long long constant */
ST_FUNC void vpushll(long long v) {
	CValue cval;
	cval.ll = v;
	vsetc (&int64_type, VT_CONST, &cval);
}

ST_FUNC void vset(CType *type, int r, int v) {
	CValue cval;

	cval.i = v;
	vsetc (type, r, &cval);
}

static void vseti(int r, int v) {
	CType type = { 0 };
	type.t = VT_INT32;
	type.ref = NULL;
	vset (&type, r, v);
}

ST_FUNC void vswap(void) {
	SValue tmp;
	/* cannot let cpu flags if other instruction are generated. Also
	   avoid leaving VT_JMP anywhere except on the top of the stack
	   because it would complicate the code generator. */
	tmp = vtop[0];
	vtop[0] = vtop[-1];
	vtop[-1] = tmp;

/* XXX: +2% overall speed possible with optimized memswap
 *
 *  memswap(&vtop[0], &vtop[1], sizeof *vtop);
 */
}

ST_FUNC void vpushv(SValue *v) {
	if (vtop >= vstack + (VSTACK_SIZE - 1)) {
		TCC_ERR ("memory full");
	}
	vtop++;
	*vtop = *v;
}

static void vdup(void) {
	vpushv (vtop);
}

/* get address of vtop (vtop MUST BE an lvalue) */
static void gaddrof(void) {
	vtop->r &= ~VT_LVAL;
	/* tricky: if saved lvalue, then we can go back to lvalue */
	if ((vtop->r & VT_VALMASK) == VT_LLOCAL) {
		vtop->r = (vtop->r & ~(VT_VALMASK | VT_LVAL_TYPE)) | VT_LOCAL | VT_LVAL;
	}
}

static int pointed_size(CType *type) {
	int align;
	return type_size (pointed_type (type), &align);
}

static inline int is_integer_btype(int bt) {
	return bt == VT_INT8 || bt == VT_INT16 || bt == VT_INT32 || bt == VT_INT64;
}

/* return type size as known at compile time. Put alignment at 'a' */
ST_FUNC int type_size(CType *type, int *a) {
	Sym *s;
	int bt;

	bt = type->t & VT_BTYPE;
	if (is_structured(type)) {
		/* struct/union */
		s = type->ref;
		*a = s->r;
		return s->c;
	} else if (bt == VT_PTR) {
		if (type->t & VT_ARRAY) {
			int ts;

			s = type->ref;
			ts = type_size (&s->type, a);

			if (ts < 0 && s->c < 0) {
				ts = -ts;
			}

			return ts * s->c;
		} else {
			*a = PTR_SIZE;
			return PTR_SIZE;
		}
	} else if (bt == VT_LDOUBLE) {
		*a = LDOUBLE_ALIGN;
		return LDOUBLE_SIZE;
	} else if (bt == VT_DOUBLE || bt == VT_INT64) {
		if (!strncmp (tcc_state->arch, "x86", 3) && tcc_state->bits == 32) {
			if (!strncmp (tcc_state->os, "windows", 7)) {
				*a = 8;
			} else {
				*a = 4;
			}
		} else if (!strncmp (tcc_state->arch, "arm", 3)) {
			/* It was like originally:
			        #ifdef TCC_ARM_EABI
			                *a = 8;
			        #else
			        *a = 4;
			        #endif
			        FIXME: Determine EABI then too
			*/
			*a = 8;
		} else {
			*a = 8;
		}
		return 8;
	} else if (bt == VT_ENUM) {
		/* Non standard, but still widely used
		 * and implemented in GCC, MSVC */
		*a = 8;
		return 8;
	} else if (bt == VT_INT32 || bt == VT_FLOAT) {
		*a = 4;
		return 4;
	} else if (bt == VT_INT16) {
		*a = 2;
		return 2;
	} else if (bt == VT_QLONG || bt == VT_QFLOAT) {
		*a = 8;
		return 16;
	} else {
		/* char, void, function, _Bool */
		*a = 1;
		return 1;
	}
}

/* return the pointed type of t */
static inline CType *pointed_type(CType *type) {
	return &type->ref->type;
}

/* modify type so that its it is a pointer to type. */
ST_FUNC void mk_pointer(CType *type) {
	Sym *s;
	s = sym_push (SYM_FIELD, type, 0, -1);
	if (!s) {
		return;
	}
	type->t = VT_PTR | (type->t & ~VT_TYPE);
	type->ref = s;
}

/* compare function types. OLD functions match any new functions */
static int is_compatible_func(CType *type1, CType *type2) {
	Sym *s1, *s2;

	s1 = type1->ref;
	s2 = type2->ref;
	if (!is_compatible_types (&s1->type, &s2->type)) {
		return 0;
	}
	/* check func_call */
	if (FUNC_CALL (s1->r) != FUNC_CALL (s2->r)) {
		return 0;
	}
	/* XXX: not complete */
	if (s1->c == FUNC_OLD || s2->c == FUNC_OLD) {
		return 1;
	}
	if (s1->c != s2->c) {
		return 0;
	}
	while (s1 != NULL) {
		if (s2 == NULL) {
			return 0;
		}
		if (!is_compatible_parameter_types (&s1->type, &s2->type)) {
			return 0;
		}
		s1 = s1->next;
		s2 = s2->next;
	}
	if (s2) {
		return 0;
	}
	return 1;
}

/* return true if type1 and type2 are the same.  If unqualified is
   true, qualifiers on the types are ignored.

   - enums are not checked as gcc __builtin_types_compatible_p ()
 */
static int compare_types(CType *type1, CType *type2, int unqualified) {
	int t1 = type1->t & VT_TYPE;
	int t2 = type2->t & VT_TYPE;
	if (unqualified) {
		/* strip qualifiers before comparing */
		t1 &= ~(VT_CONSTANT | VT_VOLATILE);
		t2 &= ~(VT_CONSTANT | VT_VOLATILE);
	}
	/* XXX: bitfields ? */
	if (t1 != t2) {
		return 0;
	}
	/* test more complicated cases */
	int bt1 = t1 & VT_BTYPE;
	if (bt1 == VT_PTR) {
		type1 = pointed_type (type1);
		type2 = pointed_type (type2);
		return is_compatible_types (type1, type2);
	} else if (bt1 == VT_STRUCT || bt1 == VT_UNION) {
		return type1->ref == type2->ref;
	} else if (bt1 == VT_FUNC) {
		return is_compatible_func (type1, type2);
	} else {
		return 1;
	}
}

/* return true if type1 and type2 are exactly the same (including
   qualifiers).
*/
static int is_compatible_types(CType *type1, CType *type2) {
	return compare_types (type1, type2, 0);
}

/* return true if type1 and type2 are the same (ignoring qualifiers).
*/
static int is_compatible_parameter_types(CType *type1, CType *type2) {
	return compare_types (type1, type2, 1);
}

/* print a type. If 'varstr' is not NULL, then the variable is also
   printed in the type */
/* XXX: union */
/* XXX: add array and function pointers */
static void type_to_str(char *buf, int buf_size, CType *type, const char *varstr) {
	int bt, v, t;
	Sym *s, *sa;
	char buf1[256];
	const char *tstr;
	t = type->t & VT_TYPE;
	bt = t & VT_BTYPE;
	buf[0] = '\0';
	if (t & VT_CONSTANT) {
		pstrcat (buf, buf_size, "const ");
	}
	if (t & VT_VOLATILE) {
		pstrcat (buf, buf_size, "volatile ");
	}
	switch (bt) {
	case VT_VOID:
		tstr = "void";
		goto add_tstr;
	case VT_BOOL:
		tstr = "bool";
		goto add_tstr;
	case VT_INT8:
		if (t & VT_UNSIGNED) {
			tstr = "uint8_t";
		} else {
			if (t & VT_CHAR) {
				tstr = "char";
			} else {
				tstr = "int8_t";
			}
		}
		goto add_tstr;
	case VT_INT16:
		if (t & VT_UNSIGNED) {
			tstr = "uint16_t";
		} else {
			tstr = "int16_t";
		}
		goto add_tstr;
	case VT_INT32:
		if (t & VT_UNSIGNED) {
			tstr = "uint32_t";
		} else {
			tstr = "int32_t";
		}
		goto add_tstr;
	case VT_LONG:
		tstr = "long";
		goto add_tstr;
	case VT_INT64:
		if (t & VT_UNSIGNED) {
			tstr = "uint64_t";
		} else {
			tstr = "int64_t";
		}
		goto add_tstr;
	case VT_FLOAT:
		tstr = "float";
		goto add_tstr;
	case VT_DOUBLE:
		tstr = "double";
		goto add_tstr;
	case VT_LDOUBLE:
		tstr = "long double";
add_tstr:
		pstrcat (buf, buf_size, tstr);
		if ((t & VT_UNSIGNED) && (bt != VT_INT8) &&
		    (bt != VT_INT16) && (bt != VT_INT32) &&
		    (bt != VT_INT64)) {
			pstrcat (buf, buf_size, "unsigned ");
		}
		break;
	case VT_ENUM:
	case VT_STRUCT:
	case VT_UNION:
		if (bt == VT_STRUCT) {
			tstr = "struct";
		} else if (bt == VT_UNION) {
			tstr = "union";
		} else {
			tstr = "enum";
		}
		pstrcat (buf, buf_size, tstr);
		v = type->ref->v & ~SYM_STRUCT;
		if (v < SYM_FIRST_ANOM) {
			pstrcat (buf, buf_size, " ");
			pstrcat (buf, buf_size, get_tok_str (v, NULL));
		}
		break;
	case VT_FUNC:
		s = type->ref;
		type_to_str (buf, buf_size, &s->type, varstr);
		pstrcat (buf, buf_size, "(");
		sa = s->next;
		while (sa != NULL) {
			type_to_str (buf1, sizeof(buf1), &sa->type, NULL);
			pstrcat (buf, buf_size, buf1);
			sa = sa->next;
			if (sa) {
				pstrcat (buf, buf_size, ", ");
			}
		}
		pstrcat (buf, buf_size, ")");
		goto no_var;
	case VT_PTR:
		s = type->ref;
		if (t & VT_ARRAY) {
			type_to_str (buf, buf_size, &s->type, NULL);
		} else {
			pstrcpy (buf1, sizeof(buf1), "*");
			if (varstr) {
				pstrcat (buf1, sizeof(buf1), varstr);
			}
			type_to_str (buf, buf_size, &s->type, buf1);
		}
		goto no_var;
	}
	if (varstr) {
		pstrcat (buf, buf_size, " ");
		pstrcat (buf, buf_size, varstr);
	}
no_var:
	;
}

/* Parse GNUC __attribute__ extension. Currently, the following
   extensions are recognized:
   - aligned(n) : set data/function alignment.
   - packed : force data alignment to 1
   - unused : currently ignored, but may be used someday.
   - regparm(n) : pass function parameters in registers (i386 only)
 */
static void parse_attribute(AttributeDef *ad) {
	int t;
	long long n;

	while (tok == TOK_ATTRIBUTE1 || tok == TOK_ATTRIBUTE2) {
		next ();
		skip ('(');
		skip ('(');
		while (tok != ')') {
			if (tok < TOK_IDENT) {
				expect ("attribute name");
			}
			t = tok;
			next ();
			switch (t) {
			case TOK_ALIAS1:
			case TOK_ALIAS2:
				skip ('(');
				if (tok != TOK_STR) {
					expect ("alias(\"target\")");
				}
				ad->alias_target =	/* save string as token, for later */
						   tok_alloc ((char *) tokc.cstr->data, tokc.cstr->size - 1)->tok;
				next ();
				skip (')');
				break;
			case TOK_ALIGNED1:
			case TOK_ALIGNED2:
				if (tok == '(') {
					next ();
					n = expr_const ();
					if (n <= 0 || (n & (n - 1)) != 0) {
						TCC_ERR ("alignment must be a positive power of two");
					}
					skip (')');
				} else {
					n = MAX_ALIGN;
				}
				ad->aligned = n;
				break;
			case TOK_PACKED1:
			case TOK_PACKED2:
				ad->packed = 1;
				break;
			case TOK_WEAK1:
			case TOK_WEAK2:
				ad->weak = 1;
				break;
			case TOK_UNUSED1:
			case TOK_UNUSED2:
				/* currently, no need to handle it because tcc does not
				   track unused objects */
				break;
			case TOK_NORETURN1:
			case TOK_NORETURN2:
				/* currently, no need to handle it because tcc does not
				   track unused objects */
				break;
			case TOK_CDECL1:
			case TOK_CDECL2:
			case TOK_CDECL3:
				ad->func_call = FUNC_CDECL;
				break;
			case TOK_STDCALL1:
			case TOK_STDCALL2:
			case TOK_STDCALL3:
				ad->func_call = FUNC_STDCALL;
				break;
#ifdef TCC_TARGET_I386
			case TOK_REGPARM1:
			case TOK_REGPARM2:
				skip ('(');
				n = expr_const ();
				if (n > 3) {
					n = 3;
				} else if (n < 0) {
					n = 0;
				}
				if (n > 0) {
					ad->func_call = FUNC_FASTCALL1 + n - 1;
				}
				skip (')');
				break;
			case TOK_FASTCALL1:
			case TOK_FASTCALL2:
			case TOK_FASTCALL3:
				ad->func_call = FUNC_FASTCALLW;
				break;
#endif
			case TOK_MODE:
				skip ('(');
				switch (tok) {
				case TOK_MODE_DI:
					ad->mode = VT_INT64 + 1;
					break;
				case TOK_MODE_HI:
					ad->mode = VT_INT16 + 1;
					break;
				case TOK_MODE_SI:
					ad->mode = VT_INT32 + 1;
					break;
				default:
					tcc_warning ("__mode__(%s) not supported\n", get_tok_str (tok, NULL));
					break;
				}
				next ();
				skip (')');
				break;
			case TOK_DLLEXPORT:
				ad->func_export = 1;
				break;
			case TOK_DLLIMPORT:
				ad->func_import = 1;
				break;
			default:
				if (tcc_state->warn_unsupported) {
					tcc_warning ("'%s' attribute ignored", get_tok_str (t, NULL));
				}
				/* skip parameters */
				if (tok == '(') {
					int parenthesis = 0;
					do {
						if (tok == '(') {
							parenthesis++;
						} else if (tok == ')') {
							parenthesis--;
						}
						next ();
					} while (parenthesis && tok != -1);
				}
				break;
			}
			if (tok != ',') {
				break;
			}
			next ();
		}
		skip (')');
		skip (')');
	}
}

/* enum/struct/union declaration. u is either VT_ENUM, VT_STRUCT or VT_UNION */
static void struct_decl(CType *type, int u, bool is_typedef) {
	int a, v, size, align, maxalign, offset;
	long long c = 0;
	int bit_size, bit_pos, bsize, bt, lbit_pos, prevbt;
	char buf[STRING_MAX_SIZE + 1];
	Sym *s, *ss, *ass, **ps;
	AttributeDef ad;
	const char *name = NULL;
	bool autonamed = false;
	STACK_NEW0 (CType, type1);
	STACK_NEW0 (CType, btype);

	a = tok;/* save decl type */
	next ();
	name = get_tok_str (tok, NULL);
	if (tok != '{') {
		v = tok;
		next ();
		/* struct already defined ? return it */
		if (v < TOK_IDENT) {
			expect ("struct/union/enum name");
		}
		s = struct_find (v);
		if (s) {
			if (s->type.t != a) {
				TCC_ERR ("invalid type");
			}
			goto do_decl;
		}
	} else {
		v = anon_sym++;
		snprintf (buf, sizeof(buf), "%u", v - SYM_FIRST_ANOM);
		name = buf;
		autonamed = true;
	}
	type1.t = a;
	/* we put an undefined size for struct/union/enum */
	s = sym_push (v | SYM_STRUCT, &type1, 0, -1);
	if (!s) {
		return;
	}
	s->r = 0;	/* default alignment is zero as gcc */
	/* put struct/union/enum name in type */
	/* TODO: Extract this part into the separate functions per type */
do_decl:
	type->t = u;
	type->ref = s;

	if (tok == '{') {
		next ();
		if (s->c != -1) {
			TCC_ERR ("struct/union/enum already defined");
		}
		/* cannot be empty */
		c = 0LL;
		/* non empty enums are not allowed */
		if (a == TOK_ENUM) {
			if (!strcmp (name, "{")) {
				// UNNAMED
				fprintf (stderr, "anonymous enums are ignored\n");
			}
			while (tcc_nerr () == 0) {
				v = tok;
				if (v < TOK_UIDENT) {
					expect ("identifier");
				}
				next ();
				if (tok == '=') {
					next ();
					c = expr_const ();
				}
				// TODO: use is_typedef here
				if (strcmp (name, "{")) {
					char *varstr = get_tok_str (v, NULL);
					tcc_appendf ("%s=enum\n", name);
					tcc_appendf ("[+]enum.%s=%s\n",name, varstr);
					tcc_appendf ("enum.%s.%s=0x%"PFMT64x "\n", name, varstr, c);
					tcc_appendf ("enum.%s.0x%"PFMT64x "=%s\n", name, c, varstr);
					// TODO: if token already defined throw an error
					// if (varstr isInside (arrayOfvars)) { erprintf ("ERROR: DUP VAR IN ENUM\n"); }
				}
				/* enum symbols have static storage */
				ss = sym_push (v, &int64_type, VT_CONST, c);
				if (!ss) {
					return;
				}
				ss->type.t |= VT_STATIC;
				if (tok != ',') {
					break;
				}
				next ();
				c++;
				/* NOTE: we accept a trailing comma */
				if (tok == '}') {
					break;
				}
			}
			skip ('}');
		} else {
			maxalign = 1;
			ps = &s->next;
			prevbt = VT_INT32;
			bit_pos = 0;
			offset = 0;

			const char *ctype = (a == TOK_UNION)? "union": "struct";
			if (!is_typedef || !autonamed) {
				tcc_appendf ("%s=%s\n", name, ctype);
			}

			while (tok != '}') {
				if (!parse_btype (&btype, &ad)) {
					expect ("bracket");
					break;
				}
				while (tcc_nerr () == 0) {
					bit_size = -1;
					v = 0;
					memcpy (&type1, &btype, sizeof(type1));
					if (tok != ':') {
						type_decl (&type1, &ad, &v, TYPE_DIRECT | TYPE_ABSTRACT);
						if (v == 0 && not_structured(&type1)) {
							expect ("identifier");
						}
						if ((type1.t & VT_BTYPE) == VT_FUNC ||
						    (type1.t & (VT_TYPEDEF | VT_STATIC | VT_EXTERN | VT_INLINE))) {
							TCC_ERR ("invalid type for '%s'",
								get_tok_str (v, NULL));
						}
					}
					if (tok == ':') {
						next ();
						bit_size = (int) expr_const ();
						/* XXX: handle v = 0 case for messages */
						if (bit_size < 0) {
							TCC_ERR ("negative width in bit-field '%s'",
								get_tok_str (v, NULL));
						}
						if (v && bit_size == 0) {
							TCC_ERR ("zero width for bit-field '%s'",
								get_tok_str (v, NULL));
						}
					}
					size = type_size (&type1, &align);
					if (ad.aligned) {
						if (align < ad.aligned) {
							align = ad.aligned;
						}
					} else if (ad.packed) {
						align = 1;
					} else if (*tcc_state->pack_stack_ptr) {
						if (align > *tcc_state->pack_stack_ptr) {
							align = *tcc_state->pack_stack_ptr;
						}
					}
					lbit_pos = 0;
					// FIXME: Here it handles bitfields only in a way
					// of the same endianess as the host system (this code was compiled for)
					// It should depend on the endianess of the `asm.arch` instead.
					if (bit_size >= 0) {
						bt = type1.t & VT_BTYPE;
						if (bt != VT_INT8 &&
						    bt != VT_INT16 &&
						    bt != VT_INT32 &&
						    bt != VT_INT64 &&
						    bt != VT_ENUM &&
						    bt != VT_BOOL) {
							TCC_ERR ("bitfields must have scalar type");
						}
						bsize = size * 8;
						if (bit_size > bsize) {
							TCC_ERR ("width of '%s' exceeds its type",
								get_tok_str (v, NULL));
						} else if (bit_size == bsize) {
							/* no need for bit fields */
							bit_pos = 0;
						} else if (bit_size == 0) {
							/* XXX: what to do if only padding in a
							   structure ? */
							/* zero size: means to pad */
							bit_pos = 0;
						} else {
							/* we do not have enough room ?
							   did the type change?
							   is it a union? */
							if ((bit_pos + bit_size) > bsize ||
							    bt != prevbt || a == TOK_UNION) {
								bit_pos = 0;
							}
							lbit_pos = bit_pos;
							/* XXX: handle LSB first */
							type1.t |= VT_BITFIELD |
								   (bit_pos << VT_STRUCT_SHIFT) |
								   (bit_size << (VT_STRUCT_SHIFT + 6));
							bit_pos += bit_size;
						}
						prevbt = bt;
					} else {
						bit_pos = 0;
					}
					if (v != 0 || is_structured(&type1)) {
						/* add new memory data only if starting
						   bit field */
						if (lbit_pos == 0) {
							if (a == TOK_STRUCT) {
								c = (c + align - 1) & - align;
								offset = c;
								if (size > 0) {
									c += size;
								}
							} else {
								offset = 0;
								if (size > c) {
									c = size;
								}
							}
							if (align > maxalign) {
								maxalign = align;
							}
						}
#if 1
						// TODO: Don't use such a small limit?
						char b[1024];
						char *varstr = get_tok_str (v, NULL);
						type_to_str (b, sizeof(b), &type1, NULL);
						{
							int type_bt = type1.t & VT_BTYPE;
							//eprintf("2: %s.%s = %s\n", ctype, name, varstr);
							if (is_typedef && autonamed) {
								tcc_typedef_appendf ("[+]typedef.%%s.fields=%s\n", varstr);
								tcc_typedef_appendf ("typedef.%%s.%s.meta=%d\n", varstr, type_bt);
								tcc_typedef_appendf ("typedef.%%s.%s=%s,%d,%d\n", varstr, b, offset, arraysize);
							} else {
								tcc_appendf ("[+]%s.%s=%s\n",
									ctype, name, varstr);
								tcc_appendf ("%s.%s.%s.meta=%d\n",
									ctype, name, varstr, type_bt);
								/* compact form */
								tcc_appendf ("%s.%s.%s=%s,%d,%d\n",
									ctype, name, varstr, b, offset, arraysize);
							}
#if 0
							eprintf ("%s.%s.%s.type=%s\n", ctype, name, varstr, b);
							eprintf ("%s.%s.%s.offset=%d\n", ctype, name, varstr, offset);
							eprintf ("%s.%s.%s.array=%d\n", ctype, name, varstr, arraysize);
#endif
							// (%s) field (%s) offset=%d array=%d", name, b, get_tok_str(v, NULL), offset, arraysize);
							arraysize = 0;
							if (type1.t & VT_BITFIELD) {
								tcc_appendf ("%s.%s.%s.bitfield.pos=%d\n",
									ctype, name, varstr, (type1.t >> VT_STRUCT_SHIFT) & 0x3f);
								tcc_appendf ("%s.%s.%s.bitfield.size=%d\n",
									ctype, name, varstr, (type1.t >> (VT_STRUCT_SHIFT + 6)) & 0x3f);
							}
							// printf("\n");
						}
#endif
					}
					if (v == 0 && is_structured (&type1)) {
						ass = type1.ref;
						while ((ass = ass->next) != NULL) {
							ss = sym_push (ass->v, &ass->type, 0, offset + ass->c);
							if (!ss) {
								return;
							}
							*ps = ss;
							ps = &ss->next;
						}
					} else if (v) {
						ss = sym_push (v | SYM_FIELD, &type1, 0, offset);
						if (!ss) {
							return;
						}
						*ps = ss;
						ps = &ss->next;
					}
					if (tok == ';' || tok == TOK_EOF) {
						break;
					}
					skip (',');
				}
				skip (';');
			}
			skip ('}');
			/* store size and alignment */
			s->c = (c + maxalign - 1) & - maxalign;
			s->r = maxalign;
		}
	}
}

/* return 0 if no type declaration. otherwise, return the basic type
   and skip it.
 */
static int parse_btype(CType *type, AttributeDef *ad) {
	int t, u, type_found, typespec_found, typedef_found;
	Sym *s;
	STACK_NEW0 (CType, type1);

	memset (ad, 0, sizeof(AttributeDef));
	type_found = 0;
	typespec_found = 0;
	typedef_found = 0;
	/* FIXME: Make this dependent on the target */
	t = 0;	/* default for 'int' */
	while (tcc_nerr () == 0) {
		switch (tok) {
		case TOK_EXTENSION:
			/* currently, we really ignore extension */
			next ();
			continue;

		/*  ------------------------------------------------------------------  */
		/*	basic types */
		/*  ------------------------------------------------------------------  */

		/* int8_t, uint8_t, char */
		case TOK_UINT8:
			t |= VT_UNSIGNED;
			/* fall through */
		case TOK_INT8:
			u = VT_INT8;
			goto basic_type;
		case TOK_CHAR:
			u = VT_INT8;
			/* Mark as character type, for strings */
			t |= VT_CHAR;
basic_type:
			next ();
basic_type1:
			if ((t & VT_BTYPE) != 0) {
				tcc_error ("too many basic types");
				return 0;
			}
			t |= u;
			typespec_found = 1;
			break;

		/* void* */
		case TOK_VOID:
			u = VT_VOID;
			goto basic_type;

		/* int16_t, uint16_t, short */
		case TOK_UINT16:
			t |= VT_UNSIGNED;
			/* fall through */
		case TOK_INT16:
		case TOK_SHORT:
			u = VT_INT16;
			goto basic_type;

		/* int32_t, uint32_t, int */
		case TOK_UINT32:
			t |= VT_UNSIGNED;
			/* fall through */
		case TOK_INT32:
			u = VT_INT32;
			goto basic_type;
		case TOK_INT:
			next ();
			typespec_found = 1;
			break;

		/* int64_t, uint64_t, long, long long */
		case TOK_UINT64:
			t |= VT_UNSIGNED;
			/* fall through */
		case TOK_INT64:
			u = VT_INT64;
			goto basic_type;
		case TOK_LONG:
			next ();
			// FIXME: Better handling long and long long types
			if ((t & VT_BTYPE) == VT_DOUBLE) {
				if (strncmp (tcc_state->os, "windows", 7)) {
					t = (t & ~VT_BTYPE) | VT_LDOUBLE;
				}
			} else if ((t & VT_BTYPE) == VT_LONG) {
				t = (t & ~VT_BTYPE) | VT_INT64;
			} else {
				u = VT_LONG;
				goto basic_type1;
			}
			break;
		case TOK_BOOL:
		case TOK_STDBOOL:
			u = VT_BOOL;
			goto basic_type;
		case TOK_FLOAT:
			u = VT_FLOAT;
			goto basic_type;
		case TOK_DOUBLE:
			next ();
			if ((t & VT_BTYPE) == VT_LONG) {
				if (!strncmp (tcc_state->os, "windows", 7)) {
					t = (t & ~VT_BTYPE) | VT_DOUBLE;
				} else {
					t = (t & ~VT_BTYPE) | VT_LDOUBLE;
				}
			} else {
				u = VT_DOUBLE;
				goto basic_type1;
			}
			break;
		case TOK_ENUM:
			struct_decl (&type1, VT_ENUM, (bool)(t & VT_ENUM));
basic_type2:
			u = type1.t;
			type->ref = type1.ref;
			goto basic_type1;
		case TOK_STRUCT:
			struct_decl (&type1, VT_STRUCT, (bool)(t & VT_TYPEDEF));
			goto basic_type2;
		case TOK_UNION:
			struct_decl (&type1, VT_UNION, (bool)(t & VT_UNION));
			goto basic_type2;

		/* type modifiers */
		case TOK_CONST1:
		case TOK_CONST2:
		case TOK_CONST3:
			t |= VT_CONSTANT;
			next ();
			break;
		case TOK_VOLATILE1:
		case TOK_VOLATILE2:
		case TOK_VOLATILE3:
			t |= VT_VOLATILE;
			next ();
			break;
		case TOK_SIGNED1:
		case TOK_SIGNED2:
		case TOK_SIGNED3:
			typespec_found = 1;
			t |= VT_SIGNED;
			next ();
			break;
		case TOK_REGISTER:
		case TOK_AUTO:
		case TOK_RESTRICT1:
		case TOK_RESTRICT2:
		case TOK_RESTRICT3:
			next ();
			break;
		case TOK_UNSIGNED:
			t |= VT_UNSIGNED;
			next ();
			typespec_found = 1;
			break;

		/* storage */
		case TOK_EXTERN:
			t |= VT_EXTERN;
			next ();
			break;
		case TOK_STATIC:
			t |= VT_STATIC;
			next ();
			break;
		case TOK_TYPEDEF:
			t |= VT_TYPEDEF;
			next ();
			break;
		case TOK_INLINE1:
		case TOK_INLINE2:
		case TOK_INLINE3:
			t |= VT_INLINE;
			next ();
			break;

		/* GNUC attribute */
		case TOK_ATTRIBUTE1:
		case TOK_ATTRIBUTE2:
			parse_attribute (ad);
			if (ad->mode) {
				u = ad->mode - 1;
				t = (t & ~VT_BTYPE) | u;
			}
			break;
		/* GNUC typeof */
		case TOK_TYPEOF1:
		case TOK_TYPEOF2:
		case TOK_TYPEOF3:
			next ();
			parse_expr_type (&type1);
			/* remove all storage modifiers except typedef */
			type1.t &= ~(VT_STORAGE & ~VT_TYPEDEF);
			goto basic_type2;
		default:
			if (typespec_found || typedef_found) {
				goto the_end;
			}
			s = sym_find (tok);
			if (!s || !(s->type.t & VT_TYPEDEF)) {
				goto the_end;
			}
			typedef_found = 1;
			t |= (s->type.t & ~VT_TYPEDEF);
			type->ref = s->type.ref;
			if (s->r) {
				/* get attributes from typedef */
				if (0 == ad->aligned) {
					ad->aligned = FUNC_ALIGN (s->r);
				}
				if (0 == ad->func_call) {
					ad->func_call = FUNC_CALL (s->r);
				}
				ad->packed |= FUNC_PACKED (s->r);
			}
			next ();
			typespec_found = 1;
			break;
		}
		type_found = 1;
	}
the_end:
	if ((t & (VT_SIGNED | VT_UNSIGNED)) == (VT_SIGNED | VT_UNSIGNED)) {
		tcc_error ("signed and unsigned modifier");
		return 0;
	}
	if (tcc_state->char_is_unsigned) {
		if ((t & (VT_SIGNED | VT_UNSIGNED | VT_BTYPE)) == VT_INT8) {
			t |= VT_UNSIGNED;
		}
	}
	t &= ~VT_SIGNED;

	/* long is never used as type */
	if ((t & VT_BTYPE) == VT_LONG) {
		if (!strncmp (tcc_state->os, "windows", 7) ||
		    (!strncmp (tcc_state->arch, "x86", 3) && tcc_state->bits == 32)) {
			t = (t & ~VT_BTYPE) | VT_INT32;
		} else {
			t = (t & ~VT_BTYPE) | VT_INT64;
		}
	}
	type->t = t;

	return type_found;
}

/* convert a function parameter type (array to pointer and function to
   function pointer) */
static inline void convert_parameter_type(CType *pt) {
	/* remove const and volatile qualifiers (XXX: const could be used
	   to indicate a const function parameter */
	pt->t &= ~(VT_CONSTANT | VT_VOLATILE);
	/* array must be transformed to pointer according to ANSI C */
	pt->t &= ~VT_ARRAY;
	if ((pt->t & VT_BTYPE) == VT_FUNC) {
		mk_pointer (pt);
	}
}

static void post_type(CType *type, AttributeDef *ad) {
	int n, l, t1, arg_size, align;
	Sym **plast, *s, *first;
	AttributeDef ad1;
	CType pt;
	char *symname = NULL;
	int narg = 0;

	if (tok == '(') {
		/* function declaration */
		next ();
		l = 0;
		first = NULL;
		plast = &first;
		{
			const char *ret_type = global_type;
			free (symname);
			symname = strdup (global_symname);
			tcc_appendf ("func.%s.ret=%s\n", symname, ret_type);
			tcc_appendf ("func.%s.cc=%s\n", symname, "cdecl");	// TODO
			tcc_appendf ("%s=func\n", symname);
		}
		arg_size = 0;
		if (tok != ')') {
			while (tcc_nerr () == 0) {
				/* read param name and compute offset */
				if (l != FUNC_OLD) {
					if (!parse_btype (&pt, &ad1)) {
						if (l) {
							TCC_ERR ("invalid type");
						} else {
							l = FUNC_OLD;
							goto old_proto;
						}
					}
					l = FUNC_NEW;
					if ((pt.t & VT_BTYPE) == VT_VOID && tok == ')') {
						break;
					}
					type_decl (&pt, &ad1, &n, TYPE_DIRECT | TYPE_ABSTRACT);
					if ((pt.t & VT_BTYPE) == VT_VOID) {
						TCC_ERR ("parameter declared as void");
					}
					arg_size += (type_size (&pt, &align) + PTR_SIZE - 1) / PTR_SIZE;
				} else {
old_proto:
					n = tok;
					if (n < TOK_UIDENT) {
						expect ("identifier");
					}
					pt.t = VT_INT32;
					next ();
				}
				convert_parameter_type (&pt);
				s = sym_push (n | SYM_FIELD, &pt, 0, 0);
				if (!s) {
					return;
				} else {
					char kind[1024];
					type_to_str (kind, sizeof (kind), &pt, NULL);
					tcc_appendf ("func.%s.arg.%d=%s,%s\n",
						symname, narg, kind, global_symname);
					narg++;
				}
				*plast = s;
				plast = &s->next;
				if (tok == ')') {
					break;
				}
				skip (',');
				if (l == FUNC_NEW && tok == TOK_DOTS) {
					l = FUNC_ELLIPSIS;
					next ();
					break;
				}
			}
		}
		tcc_appendf ("func.%s.args=%d\n", symname, narg);
		/* if no parameters, then old type prototype */
		if (l == 0) {
			l = FUNC_OLD;
		}
		skip (')');
		/* NOTE: const is ignored in returned type as it has a special
		   meaning in gcc / C++ */
		type->t &= ~VT_CONSTANT;
		/* some ancient pre-K&R C allows a function to return an array
		   and the array brackets to be put after the arguments, such
		   that "int c()[]" means something like "int[] c()" */
		if (tok == '[') {
			next ();
			skip (']');	/* only handle simple "[]" */
			type->t |= VT_PTR;
		}
		/* we push a anonymous symbol which will contain the function prototype */
		ad->func_args = arg_size;
		s = sym_push (SYM_FIELD, type, INT_ATTR (ad), l);
		if (!s) {
			return;
		}
		s->next = first;
		type->t = VT_FUNC;
		type->ref = s;
		R_FREE (symname);
	} else if (tok == '[') {
		/* array definition */
		next ();
		if (tok == TOK_RESTRICT1) {
			next ();
		}
		n = -1;
		t1 = 0;
		if (tok != ']') {
			if (!local_stack || nocode_wanted) {
				vpushll (expr_const ());
			} else {
				gexpr ();
			}
			if ((vtop->r & (VT_VALMASK | VT_LVAL | VT_SYM)) == VT_CONST) {
				n = vtop->c.i;
				if (n < 0) {
					TCC_ERR ("invalid array size");
				}
			} else {
				if (!is_integer_btype (vtop->type.t & VT_BTYPE)) {
					TCC_ERR ("size of variable length array should be an integer");
				}
				t1 = VT_VLA;
			}
		}
		skip (']');
		/* parse next post type */
		post_type (type, ad);

		/* we push an anonymous symbol which will contain the array
		   element type */
		arraysize = n;
#if 0
		if (n < 0) {
			printf ("array with no size []\n");
		} else {
			printf ("PUSH SIZE %d\n", n);
		}
#endif
		s = sym_push (SYM_FIELD, type, 0, n);
		if (!s) {
			return;
		}
		type->t = (t1? VT_VLA: VT_ARRAY) | VT_PTR;
		type->ref = s;
	}
}

/* Parse a type declaration (except basic type), and return the type
   in 'type'. 'td' is a bitmask indicating which kind of type decl is
   expected. 'type' should contain the basic type. 'ad' is the
   attribute definition of the basic type. It can be modified by
   type_decl().
 */
static void type_decl(CType *type, AttributeDef *ad, int *v, int td) {
	Sym *s;
	int qualifiers, storage;
	CType *type1 = R_NEW0 (CType);
	CType *type2 = R_NEW0 (CType);
	if (!type1 || !type2) {
		free (type1);
		free (type2);
		return;
	}

	while (tok == '*') {
		qualifiers = 0;
redo:
		next ();
		switch (tok) {
		case TOK_CONST1:
		case TOK_CONST2:
		case TOK_CONST3:
			qualifiers |= VT_CONSTANT;
			goto redo;
		case TOK_VOLATILE1:
		case TOK_VOLATILE2:
		case TOK_VOLATILE3:
			qualifiers |= VT_VOLATILE;
			goto redo;
		case TOK_RESTRICT1:
		case TOK_RESTRICT2:
		case TOK_RESTRICT3:
			goto redo;
		}
		mk_pointer (type);
		type->t |= qualifiers;
	}

	/* XXX: clarify attribute handling */
	if (tok == TOK_ATTRIBUTE1 || tok == TOK_ATTRIBUTE2) {
		parse_attribute (ad);
	}

	/* recursive type */
	/* XXX: incorrect if abstract type for functions (e.g. 'int ()') */
	type1->t = 0;	/* XXX: same as int */
	if (tok == '(') {
		next ();
		/* XXX: this is not correct to modify 'ad' at this point, but
		   the syntax is not clear */
		if (tok == TOK_ATTRIBUTE1 || tok == TOK_ATTRIBUTE2) {
			parse_attribute (ad);
		}
		type_decl (type1, ad, v, td);
		skip (')');
	} else {
		/* type identifier */
		if (tok >= TOK_IDENT && (td & TYPE_DIRECT)) {
			*v = tok;
			next ();
		} else {
			if (!(td & TYPE_ABSTRACT)) {
				expect ("identifier");
			}
			*v = 0;
		}
	}
	storage = type->t & VT_STORAGE;
	type->t &= ~VT_STORAGE;
	if (storage & VT_STATIC) {
		int saved_nocode_wanted = nocode_wanted;
		nocode_wanted = 1;
// eprintf ("STATIC %s\n", get_tok_str(*v, NULL));
		post_type (type, ad);
		nocode_wanted = saved_nocode_wanted;
	} else {
		static char kind[1024];
		char *name = get_tok_str (*v, NULL);
		type_to_str (kind, sizeof(kind), type, NULL);
		// eprintf ("---%d %s STATIC %s\n", td, kind, name);
		global_symname = name;
		global_type = kind;
		post_type (type, ad);
	}
	type->t |= storage;
	if (tok == TOK_ATTRIBUTE1 || tok == TOK_ATTRIBUTE2) {
		parse_attribute (ad);
	}

	if (!type1->t) {
		free (type1);
		free (type2);
		return;
	}
	/* append type at the end of type1 */
	type2 = type1;
	for (;;) {
		s = type2->ref;
		type2 = &s->type;
		if (!type2->t) {
			*type2 = *type;
			break;
		}
	}
	memcpy (type, type1, sizeof(*type));
}

/* compute the lvalue VT_LVAL_xxx needed to match type t. */
ST_FUNC int lvalue_type(int t) {
	int bt, r;
	r = VT_LVAL;
	bt = t & VT_BTYPE;
	if (bt == VT_INT8 || bt == VT_BOOL) {
		r |= VT_LVAL_BYTE;
	} else if (bt == VT_INT16) {
		r |= VT_LVAL_SHORT;
	} else {
		return r;
	}
	if (t & VT_UNSIGNED) {
		r |= VT_LVAL_UNSIGNED;
	}
	return r;
}

/* indirection with full error checking and bound check */
ST_FUNC void indir(void) {
	if ((vtop->type.t & VT_BTYPE) != VT_PTR) {
		if ((vtop->type.t & VT_BTYPE) == VT_FUNC) {
			return;
		}
		expect ("pointer");
	}
	vtop->type = *pointed_type (&vtop->type);
	/* Arrays and functions are never lvalues */
	if (!(vtop->type.t & VT_ARRAY) && !(vtop->type.t & VT_VLA)
	    && (vtop->type.t & VT_BTYPE) != VT_FUNC) {
		vtop->r |= lvalue_type (vtop->type.t);
		/* if bound checking, the referenced pointer must be checked */
#ifdef CONFIG_TCC_BCHECK
		if (tcc_state->do_bounds_check) {
			vtop->r |= VT_MUSTBOUND;
		}
#endif
	}
}

/* parse an expression of the form '(type)' or '(expr)' and return its
   type */
static void parse_expr_type(CType *type) {
	int n;
	AttributeDef ad;

	skip ('(');
	if (parse_btype (type, &ad)) {
		type_decl (type, &ad, &n, TYPE_ABSTRACT);
	} else {
		expr_type (type);
	}
	skip (')');
}

static void parse_type(CType *type) {
	AttributeDef ad;
	int n;

	if (!parse_btype (type, &ad)) {
		expect ("type");
	}
	type_decl (type, &ad, &n, TYPE_ABSTRACT);
}

static void vpush_tokc(int t) {
	CType type = { 0 };
	type.t = t;
	type.ref = NULL;
	vsetc (&type, VT_CONST, &tokc);
}

ST_FUNC void unary(void) {
	int n, t, align, size, r, sizeof_caller;
	CType type = { 0 };
	Sym *s;
	AttributeDef ad;
	static int in_sizeof = 0;

	sizeof_caller = in_sizeof;
	in_sizeof = 0;
	/* XXX: GCC 2.95.3 does not generate a table although it should be
	   better here */
tok_next:
	switch (tok) {
	case TOK_EXTENSION:
		next ();
		goto tok_next;
	case TOK_CINT:
	case TOK_CCHAR:
	case TOK_LCHAR:
		vpushi (tokc.i);
		next ();
		break;
	case TOK_CUINT:
		vpush_tokc (VT_INT32 | VT_UNSIGNED);
		next ();
		break;
	case TOK_CLLONG:
		vpush_tokc (VT_INT64);
		next ();
		break;
	case TOK_CULLONG:
		vpush_tokc (VT_INT64 | VT_UNSIGNED);
		next ();
		break;
	case TOK_CFLOAT:
		vpush_tokc (VT_FLOAT);
		next ();
		break;
	case TOK_CDOUBLE:
		vpush_tokc (VT_DOUBLE);
		next ();
		break;
	case TOK_CLDOUBLE:
		vpush_tokc (VT_LDOUBLE);
		next ();
		break;
	case TOK___FUNCTION__:
		if (!gnu_ext) {
			goto tok_identifier;
		}
	/* fall thru */
	case TOK___FUNC__:
	{
		// void *ptr = NULL;
		int len;
		/* special function name identifier */
		len = strlen (funcname) + 1;
		/* generate char[len] type */
		type.t = VT_INT8;
		mk_pointer (&type);
		type.t |= VT_ARRAY;
		if (type.ref) {
			type.ref->c = len;
		}
		// XXX ptr is NULL HERE WTF
		// memcpy(ptr, funcname, len);
		next ();
	}
	break;
	case TOK_LSTR:
		if (!strncmp (tcc_state->os, "windows", 7)) {
			t = VT_INT16 | VT_UNSIGNED;
		} else {
			t = VT_INT32;
		}
		goto str_init;
	case TOK_STR:
		/* string parsing */
		t = VT_INT8;
str_init:
		if (tcc_state->warn_write_strings) {
			t |= VT_CONSTANT;
		}
		type.t = t;
		mk_pointer (&type);
		type.t |= VT_ARRAY;
		memset (&ad, 0, sizeof(AttributeDef));
		decl_initializer_alloc (&type, &ad, VT_CONST, 2, 0, NULL, 0);
		break;
	case '(':
		next ();
		/* cast ? */
		if (parse_btype (&type, &ad)) {
			type_decl (&type, &ad, &n, TYPE_ABSTRACT);
			skip (')');
			/* check ISOC99 compound literal */
			if (tok == '{') {
				/* data is allocated locally by default */
				if (global_expr) {
					r = VT_CONST;
				} else {
					r = VT_LOCAL;
				}
				/* all except arrays are lvalues */
				if (!(type.t & VT_ARRAY)) {
					r |= lvalue_type (type.t);
				}
				memset (&ad, 0, sizeof(AttributeDef));
				decl_initializer_alloc (&type, &ad, r, 1, 0, NULL, 0);
			} else {
				if (sizeof_caller) {
					vpush (&type);
					return;
				}
				unary ();
			}
		} else if (tok == '{') {
			/* statement expression : we do not accept break/continue
			   inside as GCC does */
			skip (')');
		} else {
			gexpr ();
			skip (')');
		}
		break;
	case '*':
		next ();
		unary ();
		indir ();
		break;
	case '!':
		next ();
		unary ();
		if ((vtop->r & VT_VALMASK) == VT_CMP) {
			vtop->c.i = vtop->c.i ^ 1;
		}
		break;
	case TOK_SIZEOF:
	case TOK_ALIGNOF1:
	case TOK_ALIGNOF2:
		t = tok;
		next ();
		in_sizeof++;
		unary_type (&type);	// Perform a in_sizeof = 0;
		size = type_size (&type, &align);
		if (t == TOK_SIZEOF) {
			if (!(type.t & VT_VLA)) {
				if (size < 0) {
					TCC_ERR ("sizeof applied to an incomplete type");
				}
				vpushs (size);
			}
		} else {
			vpushs (align);
		}
		vtop->type.t |= VT_UNSIGNED;
		break;

	case TOK_builtin_types_compatible_p:
	{
		STACK_NEW0 (CType, type1);
		STACK_NEW0 (CType, type2);
		next ();
		skip ('(');
		parse_type (&type1);
		skip (',');
		parse_type (&type2);
		skip (')');
		type1.t &= ~(VT_CONSTANT | VT_VOLATILE);
		type2.t &= ~(VT_CONSTANT | VT_VOLATILE);
		vpushi (is_compatible_types (&type1, &type2));
	}
	break;
	case TOK_builtin_constant_p:
	{
		int saved_nocode_wanted;
		long long res;
		next ();
		skip ('(');
		saved_nocode_wanted = nocode_wanted;
		nocode_wanted = 1;
		gexpr ();
		res = (vtop->r & (VT_VALMASK | VT_LVAL | VT_SYM)) == VT_CONST;
		nocode_wanted = saved_nocode_wanted;
		skip (')');
		vpushll (res);
	}
	break;
	case TOK_builtin_frame_address:
	{
		int level;
		CType type = { 0  };
		next ();
		skip ('(');
		if (tok != TOK_CINT || tokc.i < 0) {
			TCC_ERR ("__builtin_frame_address only takes positive integers");
		}
		level = tokc.i;
		next ();
		skip (')');
		type.t = VT_VOID;
		mk_pointer (&type);
		vset (&type, VT_LOCAL, 0);	/* local frame */
		while (level--) {
			mk_pointer (&vtop->type);
			indir ();		/* -> parent frame */
		}
	}
	break;
	case TOK_builtin_va_start:
		if (!strncmp (tcc_state->arch, "x86", 3) && tcc_state->bits == 64 &&
		    !strncmp (tcc_state->os, "windows", 7)) {
			next ();
			skip ('(');
			expr_eq ();
			skip (',');
			expr_eq ();
			skip (')');
			if ((vtop->r & VT_VALMASK) != VT_LOCAL) {
				TCC_ERR ("__builtin_va_start expects a local variable");
			}
			vtop->r &= ~(VT_LVAL | VT_REF);
			vtop->type = char_pointer_type;
		}
		break;
	case TOK_builtin_va_arg_types:
		if (!(!strncmp (tcc_state->arch, "x86", 3) && tcc_state->bits == 64 &&
		      !strncmp (tcc_state->os, "windows", 7))) {
			CType type = { 0  };
			next ();
			skip ('(');
			parse_type (&type);
			skip (')');
			// FIXME: Handle this too
			// vpushll(classify_x86_64_va_arg(&type));
		}
		break;

	// special qnan , snan and infinity values
	case TOK___NAN__:
		vpush64 (VT_DOUBLE, 0x7ff8000000000000ULL);
		next ();
		break;
	case TOK___SNAN__:
		vpush64 (VT_DOUBLE, 0x7ff0000000000001ULL);
		next ();
		break;
	case TOK___INF__:
		vpush64 (VT_DOUBLE, 0x7ff0000000000000ULL);
		next ();
		break;

	default:
tok_identifier:
		t = tok;
		next ();
		if (t < TOK_UIDENT) {
			expect ("identifier");
		}
		s = sym_find (t);
		if (!s) {
			if (tok != '(') {
				TCC_ERR ("'%s' undeclared", get_tok_str (t, NULL));
			}
		}
		if (!s) {
			TCC_ERR ("invalid declaration '%s'", get_tok_str (t, NULL));
		} else {
			if ((s->type.t & (VT_STATIC | VT_INLINE | VT_BTYPE)) ==
			    (VT_STATIC | VT_INLINE | VT_FUNC)) {
				/* if referencing an inline function, then we generate a
				   symbol to it if not already done. It will have the
				   effect to generate code for it at the end of the
				   compilation unit. */
				r = VT_SYM | VT_CONST;
			} else {
				r = s->r;
			}
			vset (&s->type, r, s->c);
			/* if forward reference, we must point to s */
			if (vtop->r & VT_SYM) {
				vtop->sym = s;
				vtop->c.ul = 0;
			}
		}
		break;
	}

	/* post operations */
	while (1) {
		if (tok == '.' || tok == TOK_ARROW) {
			int qualifiers;
			/* field */
			if (tok == TOK_ARROW) {
				indir ();
			}
			qualifiers = vtop->type.t & (VT_CONSTANT | VT_VOLATILE);
			test_lvalue ();
			gaddrof ();
			next ();
			/* expect pointer on structure */
			if (not_structured(&vtop->type)) {
				expect ("struct or union");
			}
			s = vtop->type.ref;
			/* find field */
			tok |= SYM_FIELD;
			while ((s = s->next) != NULL) {
				if (s->v == tok) {
					break;
				}
			}
			if (!s) {
				TCC_ERR ("field not found: %s", get_tok_str (tok & ~SYM_FIELD, NULL));
			}
			/* add field offset to pointer */
			vtop->type = char_pointer_type;	/* change type to 'char *' */
			vpushi (s->c);
			/* change type to field type, and set to lvalue */
			vtop->type = s->type;
			vtop->type.t |= qualifiers;
			/* an array is never an lvalue */
			if (!(vtop->type.t & VT_ARRAY)) {
				vtop->r |= lvalue_type (vtop->type.t);
#ifdef CONFIG_TCC_BCHECK
				/* if bound checking, the referenced pointer must be checked */
				if (tcc_state->do_bounds_check) {
					vtop->r |= VT_MUSTBOUND;
				}
#endif
			}
			next ();
		} else if (tok == '[') {
			next ();
			gexpr ();
			indir ();
			skip (']');
			/*
			} else if (tok == '(') {
			SValue ret;
			Sym *sa;
			int nb_args, sret;
			*/
		} else {
			break;
		}
	}
}

ST_FUNC void expr_prod(void) {
	unary ();
	while (tok == '*' || tok == '/' || tok == '%') {
		next ();
		unary ();
	}
}

ST_FUNC void expr_sum(void) {
	expr_prod ();
	while (tok == '+' || tok == '-') {
		next ();
		expr_prod ();
	}
}

static void expr_shift(void) {
	expr_sum ();
	while (tok == TOK_SHL || tok == TOK_SAR) {
		next ();
		expr_sum ();
	}
}

static void expr_cmp(void) {
	expr_shift ();
	while ((tok >= TOK_ULE && tok <= TOK_GT) ||
	       tok == TOK_ULT || tok == TOK_UGE) {
		next ();
		expr_shift ();
	}
}

static void expr_cmpeq(void) {
	expr_cmp ();
	while (tok == TOK_EQ || tok == TOK_NE) {
		next ();
		expr_cmp ();
	}
}

static void expr_and(void) {
	expr_cmpeq ();
	while (tok == '&') {
		next ();
		expr_cmpeq ();
	}
}

static void expr_xor(void) {
	expr_and ();
	while (tok == '^') {
		next ();
		expr_and ();
	}
}

static void expr_or(void) {
	expr_xor ();
	while (tok == '|') {
		next ();
		expr_xor ();
	}
}

/* XXX: fix this mess */
static void expr_land_const(void) {
	expr_or ();
	while (tok == TOK_LAND) {
		next ();
		expr_or ();
	}
}

/* XXX: fix this mess */
static void expr_lor_const(void) {
	expr_land_const ();
	while (tok == TOK_LOR) {
		next ();
		expr_land_const ();
	}
}

/* only used if non constant */
static void expr_land(void) {
	expr_or ();
	if (tok == TOK_LAND) {
		while (tcc_nerr () == 0) {
			if (tok != TOK_LAND) {
				break;
			}
			next ();
			expr_or ();
		}
	}
}

static void expr_lor(void) {
	expr_land ();
	if (tok == TOK_LOR) {
		while (tcc_nerr () == 0) {
			if (tok != TOK_LOR) {
				break;
			}
			next ();
			expr_land ();
		}
	}
}

/* XXX: better constant handling */
static void expr_cond(void) {
	if (const_wanted) {
		expr_lor_const ();
		if (tok == '?') {
			vdup ();
			next ();
			if (tok != ':' || !gnu_ext) {
				gexpr ();
			}
			skip (':');
			expr_cond ();
		}
	} else {
		expr_lor ();
	}
}

static void expr_eq(void) {
	int t;

	expr_cond ();
	if (tok == '=' ||
	    (tok >= TOK_A_MOD && tok <= TOK_A_DIV) ||
	    tok == TOK_A_XOR || tok == TOK_A_OR ||
	    tok == TOK_A_SHL || tok == TOK_A_SAR) {
		test_lvalue ();
		t = tok;
		next ();
		if (t == '=') {
			expr_eq ();
		} else {
			vdup ();
			expr_eq ();
		}
	}
}

ST_FUNC void gexpr(void) {
	while (tcc_nerr () == 0) {
		expr_eq ();
		if (tok != ',') {
			break;
		}
		next ();
	}
}

/* parse an expression and return its type without any side effect. */
static void expr_type(CType *type) {
	int saved_nocode_wanted;

	saved_nocode_wanted = nocode_wanted;
	nocode_wanted = 1;
	gexpr ();
	*type = vtop->type;
	nocode_wanted = saved_nocode_wanted;
}

/* parse a unary expression and return its type without any side
   effect. */
static void unary_type(CType *type) {
	int a = nocode_wanted;
	nocode_wanted = 1;
	unary ();
	*type = vtop->type;
	nocode_wanted = a;
}

/* parse a constant expression and return value in vtop.  */
static void expr_const1(void) {
	int a;
	a = const_wanted;
	const_wanted = 1;
	expr_cond ();
	const_wanted = a;
}

/* parse an integer constant and return its value. */
ST_FUNC long long expr_const(void) {
	long long c = 0LL;
	expr_const1 ();
	if ((vtop->r & (VT_VALMASK | VT_LVAL | VT_SYM)) != VT_CONST) {
		expect ("constant expression");
	}
	c = vtop->c.ll;
	return c;
}

/* return the label token if current token is a label, otherwise
   return zero */
static int is_label(void) {
	int last_tok;

	/* fast test first */
	if (tok < TOK_UIDENT) {
		return 0;
	}
	/* no need to save tokc because tok is an identifier */
	last_tok = tok;
	next ();
	if (tok == ':') {
		next ();
		return last_tok;
	} else {
		unget_tok (last_tok);
		return 0;
	}
}

/* t is the array or struct type. c is the array or struct
   address. cur_index/cur_field is the pointer to the current
   value. 'size_only' is true if only size info is needed (only used
   in arrays) */
static void decl_designator(CType *type, unsigned long c,
			    long long *cur_index, Sym **cur_field,
			    int size_only)
{
	Sym *s, *f = NULL;
	long long index, index_last;
	int notfirst, align, l, nb_elems, elem_size;
	STACK_NEW0 (CType, type1);

	notfirst = 0;
	if (gnu_ext && (l = is_label ()) != 0) {
		goto struct_field;
	}
	while (tok == '[' || tok == '.') {
		if (tok == '[') {
			if (!(type->t & VT_ARRAY)) {
				expect ("array type");
			}
			s = type->ref;
			next ();
			index = expr_const ();
			if (index < 0 || (s->c >= 0 && index >= s->c)) {
				expect ("invalid index");
			}
			if (tok == TOK_DOTS && gnu_ext) {
				next ();
				index_last = expr_const ();
				if (index_last < 0 ||
				    (s->c >= 0 && index_last >= s->c) ||
				    index_last < index) {
					expect ("invalid index");
				}
			} else {
				index_last = index;
			}
			skip (']');
			if (!notfirst && cur_index) {
				*cur_index = index_last;
			}
			type = pointed_type (type);
			elem_size = type_size (type, &align);
			c += index * elem_size;
			/* NOTE: we only support ranges for last designator */
			nb_elems = index_last - index + 1;
			if (nb_elems != 1) {
				notfirst = 1;
				break;
			}
		} else {
			next ();
			l = tok;
			next ();
struct_field:
			if (not_structured(type)) {
				expect ("struct/union type");
			}
			s = type->ref;
			l |= SYM_FIELD;
			f = s->next;
			while (f) {
				if (f->v == l) {
					break;
				}
				f = f->next;
			}
			if (!f) {
				expect ("field");
			}
			if (!notfirst && cur_field) {
				*cur_field = f;
			}
			/* XXX: fix this mess by using explicit storage field */
			if (f) {
				type1 = f->type;
				type1.t |= (type->t & ~VT_TYPE);
				type = &type1;
				c += f->c;
			}
		}
		notfirst = 1;
	}
	if (notfirst) {
		if (tok == '=') {
			next ();
		} else {
			if (!gnu_ext) {
				expect ("=");
			}
		}
	} else {
		if (type->t & VT_ARRAY) {
			index = cur_index ? *cur_index : 0;
			type = pointed_type (type);
			c += index * type_size (type, &align);
		} else {
			f = cur_field ? *cur_field : NULL;
			if (!f) {
				TCC_ERR ("too many field init");
			}
			/* XXX: fix this mess by using explicit storage field */
			if (f) {
				type1 = f->type;
				type1.t |= (type->t & ~VT_TYPE);
				type = &type1;
				c += f->c;
			}
		}
	}
	decl_initializer (type, c, 0, size_only);
}

#define EXPR_VAL   0
#define EXPR_CONST 1
#define EXPR_ANY   2

/* store a value or an expression directly in global data or in local array */
static void init_putv(CType *type, unsigned long c, long long v, int expr_type) {
	int saved_global_expr;
	CType dtype;

	switch (expr_type) {
	case EXPR_VAL:
		vpushll (v);
		break;
	case EXPR_CONST:
		/* compound literals must be allocated globally in this case */
		saved_global_expr = global_expr;
		global_expr = 1;
		expr_const1 ();
		global_expr = saved_global_expr;
		/* NOTE: symbols are accepted */
		if ((vtop->r & (VT_VALMASK | VT_LVAL)) != VT_CONST) {
			TCC_ERR ("initializer element is not constant");
		}
		break;
	case EXPR_ANY:
		expr_eq ();
		break;
	}

	dtype = *type;
	dtype.t &= ~VT_CONSTANT;/* need to do that to avoid false warning */

	vset (&dtype, VT_LOCAL | VT_LVAL, c);
	vswap ();
}

/* put zeros for variable based init */
static void init_putz(CType *t, unsigned long c, int size) {
	vseti (VT_LOCAL, c);
	vpushi (0);
	vpushs (size);
}

/* 't' contains the type and storage info. 'c' is the offset of the
   object in section 'sec'. If 'sec' is NULL, it means stack based
   allocation. 'first' is true if array '{' must be read (multi
   dimension implicit array init handling). 'size_only' is true if
   size only evaluation is wanted (only for arrays). */
static void decl_initializer(CType *type, unsigned long c, int first, int size_only) {
	long long index;
	int array_length, n, no_oblock, nb, parlevel, parlevel1, i;
	int size1, align1, expr_type;
	Sym *s, *f;
	CType *t1;

	if (type->t & VT_ARRAY) {
		s = type->ref;
		n = s->c;
		array_length = 0;
		t1 = pointed_type (type);
		size1 = type_size (t1, &align1);

		no_oblock = 1;
		if ((first && tok != TOK_LSTR && tok != TOK_STR) ||
		    tok == '{') {
			if (tok != '{') {
				TCC_ERR ("character array initializer must be a literal,"
					" optionally enclosed in braces");
			}
			skip ('{');
			no_oblock = 0;
		}

		/* only parse strings here if correct type (otherwise: handle
		   them as ((w)char *) expressions */
		if ((tok == TOK_LSTR &&
/* FIXME: Handle platform here ! */
#ifdef TCC_TARGET_PE
		     (t1->t & VT_BTYPE) == VT_INT16 && (t1->t & VT_UNSIGNED)
#else
		     (t1->t & VT_BTYPE) == VT_INT32
#endif
		    ) || (tok == TOK_STR && (t1->t & VT_BTYPE) == VT_INT8)) {
			while (tcc_nerr() == 0 && (tok == TOK_STR || tok == TOK_LSTR)) {
				int cstr_len, ch;
				CString *cstr;

				cstr = tokc.cstr;
				/* compute maximum number of chars wanted */
				if (tok == TOK_STR) {
					cstr_len = cstr->size;
				} else {
					cstr_len = cstr->size / sizeof(nwchar_t);
				}
				cstr_len--;
				nb = cstr_len;
				if (n >= 0 && nb > (n - array_length)) {
					nb = n - array_length;
				}
				if (!size_only) {
					if (cstr_len > nb) {
						tcc_warning ("initializer-string for array is too long");
					}
					/* in order to go faster for common case (char
					   string in global variable, we handle it
					   specifically */
					for (i = 0; i < nb; i++) {
						if (tok == TOK_STR) {
							ch = ((unsigned char *) cstr->data)[i];
						} else {
							ch = ((nwchar_t *) cstr->data)[i];
						}
						init_putv (t1, c + (array_length + i) * size1,
							ch, EXPR_VAL);
					}
				}
				array_length += nb;
				next ();
			}
			/* only add trailing zero if enough storage (no
			   warning in this case since it is standard) */
			if (n < 0 || array_length < n) {
				if (!size_only) {
					init_putv (t1, c + (array_length * size1), 0, EXPR_VAL);
				}
				array_length++;
			}
		} else {
			index = 0;
			while (tok != '}') {
				decl_designator (type, c, &index, NULL, size_only);
				if (n >= 0 && index >= n) {
					TCC_ERR ("index too large");
				}
				/* must put zero in holes (note that doing it that way
				   ensures that it even works with designators) */
				if (!size_only && array_length < index) {
					init_putz (t1, c + array_length * size1,
						(index - array_length) * size1);
				}
				index++;
				if (index > array_length) {
					array_length = index;
				}
				/* special test for multi dimensional arrays (may not
				   be strictly correct if designators are used at the
				   same time) */
				if (index >= n && no_oblock) {
					break;
				}
				if (tok == '}') {
					break;
				}
				skip (',');
			}
		}
		if (!no_oblock) {
			skip ('}');
		}
		/* put zeros at the end */
		if (!size_only && n >= 0 && array_length < n) {
			init_putz (t1, c + array_length * size1,
				(n - array_length) * size1);
		}
		/* patch type size if needed */
		if (n < 0) {
			s->c = array_length;
		}
	} else if (is_structured(type) && (!first || tok == '{')) {
		int par_count;

		/* NOTE: the previous test is a specific case for automatic
		   struct/union init */
		/* XXX: union needs only one init */

		/* XXX: this test is incorrect for local initializers
		   beginning with ( without {. It would be much more difficult
		   to do it correctly (ideally, the expression parser should
		   be used in all cases) */
		par_count = 0;
		if (tok == '(') {
			AttributeDef ad1;
			STACK_NEW0 (CType, type1);
			next ();
			while (tok == '(') {
				par_count++;
				next ();
			}
			if (!parse_btype (&type1, &ad1)) {
				expect ("cast");
			}
			type_decl (&type1, &ad1, &n, TYPE_ABSTRACT);
#if 0
			if (!is_assignable_types (type, &type1)) {
				tcc_error ("invalid type for cast");
			}
#endif
			skip (')');
		}
		no_oblock = 1;
		if (first || tok == '{') {
			skip ('{');
			no_oblock = 0;
		}
		s = type->ref;
		f = s->next;
		array_length = 0;
		index = 0;
		n = s->c;
		while (tok != '}') {
			decl_designator (type, c, NULL, &f, size_only);
			index = f->c;
			if (!size_only && array_length < index) {
				init_putz (type, c + array_length,
					index - array_length);
			}
			index = index + type_size (&f->type, &align1);
			if (index > array_length) {
				array_length = index;
			}

			/* gr: skip fields from same union - ugly. */
			while (f->next) {
				///printf("index: %2d %08x -- %2d %08x\n", f->c, f->type.t, f->next->c, f->next->type.t);
				/* test for same offset */
				if (f->next->c != f->c) {
					break;
				}
				/* if yes, test for bitfield shift */
				if ((f->type.t & VT_BITFIELD) && (f->next->type.t & VT_BITFIELD)) {
					int bit_pos_1 = (f->type.t >> VT_STRUCT_SHIFT) & 0x3f;
					int bit_pos_2 = (f->next->type.t >> VT_STRUCT_SHIFT) & 0x3f;
					// printf("bitfield %d %d\n", bit_pos_1, bit_pos_2);
					if (bit_pos_1 != bit_pos_2) {
						break;
					}
				}
				f = f->next;
			}

			f = f->next;
			if (no_oblock && f == NULL) {
				break;
			}
			if (tok == '}') {
				break;
			}
			skip (',');
		}
		/* put zeros at the end */
		if (!size_only && array_length < n) {
			init_putz (type, c + array_length,
				n - array_length);
		}
		if (!no_oblock) {
			skip ('}');
		}
		while (par_count) {
			skip (')');
			par_count--;
		}
	} else if (tok == '{') {
		next ();
		decl_initializer (type, c, first, size_only);
		skip ('}');
	} else if (size_only) {
		/* just skip expression */
		parlevel = parlevel1 = 0;
		while ((parlevel > 0 || parlevel1 > 0 ||
			(tok != '}' && tok != ',')) && tok != -1) {
			if (tok == '(') {
				parlevel++;
			} else if (tok == ')') {
				parlevel--;
			} else if (tok == '{') {
				parlevel1++;
			} else if (tok == '}') {
				parlevel1--;
			}
			next ();
		}
	} else {
		/* currently, we always use constant expression for globals
		   (may change for scripting case) */
		expr_type = EXPR_CONST;
		init_putv (type, c, 0, expr_type);
	}
}

/* parse an initializer for type 't' if 'has_init' is non zero, and
   allocate space in local or global data space ('r' is either
   VT_LOCAL or VT_CONST). If 'v' is non zero, then an associated
   variable 'v' with an associated name represented by 'asm_label' of
   scope 'scope' is declared before initializers are parsed. If 'v' is
   zero, then a reference to the new object is put in the value stack.
   If 'has_init' is 2, a special parsing is done to handle string
   constants. */
static void decl_initializer_alloc(CType *type, AttributeDef *ad, int r, int has_init, int v, char *asm_label, int scope) {
	int size, align, addr;
	int level;
	ParseState saved_parse_state = {
		0
	};
	TokenString init_str;
	Sym *flexible_array;

	flexible_array = NULL;
	if (is_struct(type)) {
		Sym *field;
		field = type->ref;
		while (field && field->next)
			field = field->next;
		if (field && (field->type.t & VT_ARRAY) && (field->type.ref->c < 0)) {
			flexible_array = field;
		}
	}

	size = type_size (type, &align);
	/* If unknown size, we must evaluate it before
	   evaluating initializers because
	   initializers can generate global data too
	   (e.g. string pointers or ISOC99 compound
	   literals). It also simplifies local
	   initializers handling */
	tok_str_new (&init_str);
	if (size < 0 || (flexible_array && has_init)) {
		if (!has_init) {
			TCC_ERR ("unknown type size");
		}
		/* get all init string */
		if (has_init == 2) {
			/* only get strings */
			while (tok == TOK_STR || tok == TOK_LSTR) {
				tok_str_add_tok (&init_str);
				next ();
			}
		} else {
			level = 0;
			while (tcc_nerr() == 0 && (level > 0 || (tok != ',' && tok != ';'))) {
				if (tok < 0) {
					TCC_ERR ("unexpected end of file in initializer");
				}
				tok_str_add_tok (&init_str);
				if (tok == '{') {
					level++;
				} else if (tok == '}') {
					level--;
					if (level <= 0) {
						next ();
						break;
					}
				}
				next ();
			}
		}
		tok_str_add (&init_str, -1);
		tok_str_add (&init_str, 0);

		/* compute size */
		save_parse_state (&saved_parse_state);

		macro_ptr = init_str.str;
		next ();
		decl_initializer (type, 0, 1, 1);
		/* prepare second initializer parsing */
		macro_ptr = init_str.str;
		next ();

		/* if still unknown size, error */
		size = type_size (type, &align);
		if (size < 0) {
			TCC_ERR ("unknown type size");
		}
	}
	if (flexible_array) {
		size += flexible_array->type.ref->c * pointed_size (&flexible_array->type);
	}
	/* take into account specified alignment if bigger */
	if (ad->aligned) {
		if (ad->aligned > align) {
			align = ad->aligned;
		}
	} else if (ad->packed) {
		align = 1;
	}
	if ((r & VT_VALMASK) == VT_LOCAL) {
		loc = (loc - size) & - align;
		addr = loc;
		if (v) {
			/* local variable */
			sym_push (v, type, r, addr);
		} else {
			/* push local reference */
			vset (type, r, addr);
		}
	} else {
		Sym *sym;

		sym = NULL;
		if (v && scope == VT_CONST) {
			/* see if the symbol was already defined */
			sym = sym_find (v);
			if (sym) {
				if (!is_compatible_types (&sym->type, type)) {
					TCC_ERR ("incompatible types for redefinition of '%s'",
						get_tok_str (v, NULL));
				}
				if (sym->type.t & VT_EXTERN) {
					/* if the variable is extern, it was not allocated */
					sym->type.t &= ~VT_EXTERN;
					/* set array size if it was ommited in extern
					   declaration */
					if ((sym->type.t & VT_ARRAY) &&
					    sym->type.ref->c < 0 &&
					    type->ref->c >= 0) {
						sym->type.ref->c = type->ref->c;
					}
				} else {
					/* we accept several definitions of the same
					   global variable. this is tricky, because we
					   must play with the SHN_COMMON type of the symbol */
					/* XXX: should check if the variable was already
					   initialized. It is incorrect to initialized it
					   twice */
					/* no init data, we won't add more to the symbol */
					if (!has_init) {
						goto no_alloc;
					}
				}
			}
		}

		if (v) {
			if (scope != VT_CONST || !sym) {
				sym = sym_push (v, type, r | VT_SYM, 0);
				sym->asm_label = asm_label;
			}
		} else {
			CValue cval = { 0 };
			vsetc (type, VT_CONST | VT_SYM, &cval);
			vtop->sym = sym;
		}
		/* patch symbol weakness */
		if ((type->t & VT_WEAK) && sym) {
			weaken_symbol (sym);
		}
	}
no_alloc:
	;
}

/* parse an old style function declaration list */
/* XXX: check multiple parameter */
static void func_decl_list(Sym *func_sym) {
	AttributeDef ad;
	int v;
	Sym *s = NULL;
	CType btype, type;

	/* parse each declaration */
	while (tcc_nerr () == 0 && tok != '{' && tok != ';' && tok != ',' && tok != TOK_EOF &&
	       tok != TOK_ASM1 && tok != TOK_ASM2 && tok != TOK_ASM3) {
		if (!parse_btype (&btype, &ad)) {
			expect ("declaration list");
		}
		if ((is_enum(&btype) || is_structured(&btype)) && tok == ';') {
			/* we accept no variable after */
		} else {
			while (tcc_nerr () == 0) {
				int found;
				type = btype;
				type_decl (&type, &ad, &v, TYPE_DIRECT);
				/* find parameter in function parameter list */
				s = func_sym;
				found = 0;
				while ((s = s->next) != NULL) {
					if ((s->v & ~SYM_FIELD) == v) {
						found = 1;
						break;
					}
				}
				if (found == 0) {
					TCC_ERR ("declaration for parameter '%s' but no such parameter",
						get_tok_str (v, NULL));
				}
				/* check that no storage specifier except 'register' was given */
				if (type.t & VT_STORAGE) {
					TCC_ERR ("storage class specified for '%s'", get_tok_str (v, NULL));
				}
				convert_parameter_type (&type);
				/* we can add the type (NOTE: it could be local to the function) */
				if (s) {
					s->type = type;
				}
				/* accept other parameters */
				if (tok == ',') {
					next ();
				} else {
					break;
				}
			}
		}
		skip (';');
	}
}

/* 'l' is VT_LOCAL or VT_CONST to define default storage type */
static int decl0(int l, int is_for_loop_init) {
	int v, has_init, r;
	CType type = {.t = 0, .ref = NULL}, btype = {.t = 0, .ref = NULL};
	Sym *sym = NULL;
	AttributeDef ad;

	while (tcc_nerr () == 0) {
		if (!parse_btype (&btype, &ad)) {
			if (is_for_loop_init) {
				return 0;
			}
			/* skip redundant ';' */
			/* XXX: find more elegant solution */
			if (tok == ';') {
				next ();
				continue;
			}
			if (l == VT_CONST &&
			    (tok == TOK_ASM1 || tok == TOK_ASM2 || tok == TOK_ASM3)) {
				/* global asm block */
#if 1
				eprintf ("global asm not supported\n");
				return 1;
#endif
				// asm_global_instr();
				continue;
			}
			/* special test for old K&R protos without explicit int
			   type. Only accepted when defining global data */
			if (l == VT_LOCAL || tok < TOK_DEFINE) {
				break;
			}
			btype.t = VT_INT32;
		}
		if ((is_enum(&btype) || is_structured(&btype)) && tok == ';') {
			/* we accept no variable after */
			next ();
			continue;
		}
		/* iterate thru each declaration */
		while (tcc_nerr () == 0) {
			type = btype;
			type_decl (&type, &ad, &v, TYPE_DIRECT);
#if 0
			{
				char buf[500];
				type_to_str (buf, sizeof(buf), t, get_tok_str (v, NULL));
				printf ("type = '%s'\n", buf);
			}
#endif
			if ((type.t & VT_BTYPE) == VT_FUNC) {
				if ((type.t & VT_STATIC) && (l == VT_LOCAL)) {
					tcc_error ("function without file scope cannot be static");
					return 1;
				}
				/* if old style function prototype, we accept a
				   declaration list */
				sym = type.ref;
				if (sym->c == FUNC_OLD) {
					func_decl_list (sym);
				}
			}

			if (ad.weak) {
				type.t |= VT_WEAK;
			}
#ifdef TCC_TARGET_PE
			if (ad.func_import) {
				type.t |= VT_IMPORT;
			}
			if (ad.func_export) {
				type.t |= VT_EXPORT;
			}
#endif
			if (tok == '{') {
				if (l == VT_LOCAL) {
					tcc_error ("cannot use local functions");
					return 1;
				}
				if ((type.t & VT_BTYPE) != VT_FUNC) {
					expect ("function definition");
				}

				/* reject abstract declarators in function definition */
				sym = type.ref;
				if (sym) {
					while ((sym = sym->next) != NULL)
						if (!(sym->v & ~SYM_FIELD)) {
							expect ("identifier");
						}
				} else {
					return 0; // XXX unmatching braces in typedef?
				}

				/* XXX: cannot do better now: convert extern line to static inline */
				if ((type.t & (VT_EXTERN | VT_INLINE)) == (VT_EXTERN | VT_INLINE)) {
					type.t = (type.t & ~VT_EXTERN) | VT_STATIC;
				}

				sym = sym_find (v);
				if (sym) {
					if ((sym->type.t & VT_BTYPE) != VT_FUNC) {
						goto func_error1;
					}

					r = sym->type.ref->r;
					/* use func_call from prototype if not defined */
					if (FUNC_CALL (r) != FUNC_CDECL
					    && FUNC_CALL (type.ref->r) == FUNC_CDECL) {
						FUNC_CALL (type.ref->r) = FUNC_CALL (r);
					}

					/* use export from prototype */
					if (FUNC_EXPORT (r)) {
						FUNC_EXPORT (type.ref->r) = 1;
					}

					/* use static from prototype */
					if (sym->type.t & VT_STATIC) {
						type.t = (type.t & ~VT_EXTERN) | VT_STATIC;
					}

					if (!is_compatible_types (&sym->type, &type)) {
func_error1:
						tcc_error ("incompatible types for redefinition of '%s'",
							get_tok_str (v, NULL));
						return 1;
					}
					/* if symbol is already defined, then put complete type */
					sym->type = type;
				} else {
					/* put function symbol */
					sym = global_identifier_push (v, type.t, 0);
					if (!sym) {
						return 1;
					}
					sym->type.ref = type.ref;
				}
				break;
			} else {
				if (btype.t & VT_TYPEDEF) {
					/* save typedefed type  */
					/* XXX: test storage specifiers ? */
					if (tok != ';') {
						v = tok;
						next();
					}
					sym = sym_push (v, &type, INT_ATTR (&ad), 0);
					if (!sym) {
						return 1;
					}
					sym->type.t |= VT_TYPEDEF;
					/* Provide SDB with typedefs' info */
					const char *alias = NULL;
					char buf[500];
					alias = get_tok_str(v, NULL);
					type_to_str(buf, sizeof(buf), &sym->type, NULL);
					tcc_appendf ("%s=typedef\n", alias);
					tcc_appendf ("typedef.%s=%s\n", alias, buf);
					tcc_typedef_alias_fields (alias);
				} else {
					r = 0;
					if ((type.t & VT_BTYPE) == VT_FUNC) {
						/* external function definition */
						/* specific case for func_call attribute */
						type.ref->r = INT_ATTR (&ad);
					} else if (!(type.t & VT_ARRAY)) {
						/* not lvalue if array */
						r |= lvalue_type (type.t);
					}
					has_init = (tok == '=');
					if (has_init && (type.t & VT_VLA)) {
						tcc_error ("Variable length array cannot be initialized");
						return 1;
					}
				}
				if (tok != ',') {
					if (is_for_loop_init) {
						return 1;
					}
					skip (';');
					break;
				}
				next ();
			}
			ad.aligned = 0;
		}
	}
	return 0;
}

ST_FUNC void decl(int l) {
	decl0 (l, 0);
}