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llvm/lib/CodeGen/StackProtector.cpp
Serge Guelton 9d54400bba Module::getOrInsertFunction is using C-style vararg instead of variadic templates. 
From a user prospective, it forces the use of an annoying nullptr to mark the end of the vararg, and there's not type checking on the arguments.
The variadic template is an obvious solution to both issues.

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D31070



git-svn-id: https://llvm.org/svn/llvm-project/llvm/trunk@299949 91177308-0d34-0410-b5e6-96231b3b80d8
2017-04-11 15:01:18 +00:00

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//===- StackProtector.cpp - Stack Protector Insertion ---------------------===//
//
// The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
//
// This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
// License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
//
//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
//
// This pass inserts stack protectors into functions which need them. A variable
// with a random value in it is stored onto the stack before the local variables
// are allocated. Upon exiting the block, the stored value is checked. If it's
// changed, then there was some sort of violation and the program aborts.
//
//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
#include "llvm/ADT/SmallPtrSet.h"
#include "llvm/ADT/Statistic.h"
#include "llvm/Analysis/BranchProbabilityInfo.h"
#include "llvm/Analysis/EHPersonalities.h"
#include "llvm/Analysis/OptimizationDiagnosticInfo.h"
#include "llvm/CodeGen/Passes.h"
#include "llvm/CodeGen/StackProtector.h"
#include "llvm/IR/Attributes.h"
#include "llvm/IR/BasicBlock.h"
#include "llvm/IR/Constants.h"
#include "llvm/IR/DataLayout.h"
#include "llvm/IR/DebugInfo.h"
#include "llvm/IR/DebugLoc.h"
#include "llvm/IR/DerivedTypes.h"
#include "llvm/IR/Function.h"
#include "llvm/IR/IRBuilder.h"
#include "llvm/IR/Instruction.h"
#include "llvm/IR/Instructions.h"
#include "llvm/IR/Intrinsics.h"
#include "llvm/IR/MDBuilder.h"
#include "llvm/IR/Module.h"
#include "llvm/IR/Type.h"
#include "llvm/IR/User.h"
#include "llvm/Pass.h"
#include "llvm/Support/Casting.h"
#include "llvm/Support/CommandLine.h"
#include "llvm/Target/TargetLowering.h"
#include "llvm/Target/TargetMachine.h"
#include "llvm/Target/TargetOptions.h"
#include "llvm/Target/TargetSubtargetInfo.h"
#include <utility>
using namespace llvm;
#define DEBUG_TYPE "stack-protector"
STATISTIC(NumFunProtected, "Number of functions protected");
STATISTIC(NumAddrTaken, "Number of local variables that have their address"
" taken.");
static cl::opt<bool> EnableSelectionDAGSP("enable-selectiondag-sp",
cl::init(true), cl::Hidden);
char StackProtector::ID = 0;
INITIALIZE_TM_PASS(StackProtector, "stack-protector", "Insert stack protectors",
false, true)
FunctionPass *llvm::createStackProtectorPass(const TargetMachine *TM) {
return new StackProtector(TM);
}
StackProtector::SSPLayoutKind
StackProtector::getSSPLayout(const AllocaInst *AI) const {
return AI ? Layout.lookup(AI) : SSPLK_None;
}
void StackProtector::adjustForColoring(const AllocaInst *From,
const AllocaInst *To) {
// When coloring replaces one alloca with another, transfer the SSPLayoutKind
// tag from the remapped to the target alloca. The remapped alloca should
// have a size smaller than or equal to the replacement alloca.
SSPLayoutMap::iterator I = Layout.find(From);
if (I != Layout.end()) {
SSPLayoutKind Kind = I->second;
Layout.erase(I);
// Transfer the tag, but make sure that SSPLK_AddrOf does not overwrite
// SSPLK_SmallArray or SSPLK_LargeArray, and make sure that
// SSPLK_SmallArray does not overwrite SSPLK_LargeArray.
I = Layout.find(To);
if (I == Layout.end())
Layout.insert(std::make_pair(To, Kind));
else if (I->second != SSPLK_LargeArray && Kind != SSPLK_AddrOf)
I->second = Kind;
}
}
bool StackProtector::runOnFunction(Function &Fn) {
F = &Fn;
M = F->getParent();
DominatorTreeWrapperPass *DTWP =
getAnalysisIfAvailable<DominatorTreeWrapperPass>();
DT = DTWP ? &DTWP->getDomTree() : nullptr;
TLI = TM->getSubtargetImpl(Fn)->getTargetLowering();
HasPrologue = false;
HasIRCheck = false;
Attribute Attr = Fn.getFnAttribute("stack-protector-buffer-size");
if (Attr.isStringAttribute() &&
Attr.getValueAsString().getAsInteger(10, SSPBufferSize))
return false; // Invalid integer string
if (!RequiresStackProtector())
return false;
// TODO(etienneb): Functions with funclets are not correctly supported now.
// Do nothing if this is funclet-based personality.
if (Fn.hasPersonalityFn()) {
EHPersonality Personality = classifyEHPersonality(Fn.getPersonalityFn());
if (isFuncletEHPersonality(Personality))
return false;
}
++NumFunProtected;
return InsertStackProtectors();
}
/// \param [out] IsLarge is set to true if a protectable array is found and
/// it is "large" ( >= ssp-buffer-size). In the case of a structure with
/// multiple arrays, this gets set if any of them is large.
bool StackProtector::ContainsProtectableArray(Type *Ty, bool &IsLarge,
bool Strong,
bool InStruct) const {
if (!Ty)
return false;
if (ArrayType *AT = dyn_cast<ArrayType>(Ty)) {
if (!AT->getElementType()->isIntegerTy(8)) {
// If we're on a non-Darwin platform or we're inside of a structure, don't
// add stack protectors unless the array is a character array.
// However, in strong mode any array, regardless of type and size,
// triggers a protector.
if (!Strong && (InStruct || !Trip.isOSDarwin()))
return false;
}
// If an array has more than SSPBufferSize bytes of allocated space, then we
// emit stack protectors.
if (SSPBufferSize <= M->getDataLayout().getTypeAllocSize(AT)) {
IsLarge = true;
return true;
}
if (Strong)
// Require a protector for all arrays in strong mode
return true;
}
const StructType *ST = dyn_cast<StructType>(Ty);
if (!ST)
return false;
bool NeedsProtector = false;
for (StructType::element_iterator I = ST->element_begin(),
E = ST->element_end();
I != E; ++I)
if (ContainsProtectableArray(*I, IsLarge, Strong, true)) {
// If the element is a protectable array and is large (>= SSPBufferSize)
// then we are done. If the protectable array is not large, then
// keep looking in case a subsequent element is a large array.
if (IsLarge)
return true;
NeedsProtector = true;
}
return NeedsProtector;
}
bool StackProtector::HasAddressTaken(const Instruction *AI) {
for (const User *U : AI->users()) {
if (const StoreInst *SI = dyn_cast<StoreInst>(U)) {
if (AI == SI->getValueOperand())
return true;
} else if (const PtrToIntInst *SI = dyn_cast<PtrToIntInst>(U)) {
if (AI == SI->getOperand(0))
return true;
} else if (isa<CallInst>(U)) {
return true;
} else if (isa<InvokeInst>(U)) {
return true;
} else if (const SelectInst *SI = dyn_cast<SelectInst>(U)) {
if (HasAddressTaken(SI))
return true;
} else if (const PHINode *PN = dyn_cast<PHINode>(U)) {
// Keep track of what PHI nodes we have already visited to ensure
// they are only visited once.
if (VisitedPHIs.insert(PN).second)
if (HasAddressTaken(PN))
return true;
} else if (const GetElementPtrInst *GEP = dyn_cast<GetElementPtrInst>(U)) {
if (HasAddressTaken(GEP))
return true;
} else if (const BitCastInst *BI = dyn_cast<BitCastInst>(U)) {
if (HasAddressTaken(BI))
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
/// \brief Check whether or not this function needs a stack protector based
/// upon the stack protector level.
///
/// We use two heuristics: a standard (ssp) and strong (sspstrong).
/// The standard heuristic which will add a guard variable to functions that
/// call alloca with a either a variable size or a size >= SSPBufferSize,
/// functions with character buffers larger than SSPBufferSize, and functions
/// with aggregates containing character buffers larger than SSPBufferSize. The
/// strong heuristic will add a guard variables to functions that call alloca
/// regardless of size, functions with any buffer regardless of type and size,
/// functions with aggregates that contain any buffer regardless of type and
/// size, and functions that contain stack-based variables that have had their
/// address taken.
bool StackProtector::RequiresStackProtector() {
bool Strong = false;
bool NeedsProtector = false;
for (const BasicBlock &BB : *F)
for (const Instruction &I : BB)
if (const CallInst *CI = dyn_cast<CallInst>(&I))
if (CI->getCalledFunction() ==
Intrinsic::getDeclaration(F->getParent(),
Intrinsic::stackprotector))
HasPrologue = true;
if (F->hasFnAttribute(Attribute::SafeStack))
return false;
// We are constructing the OptimizationRemarkEmitter on the fly rather than
// using the analysis pass to avoid building DominatorTree and LoopInfo which
// are not available this late in the IR pipeline.
OptimizationRemarkEmitter ORE(F);
if (F->hasFnAttribute(Attribute::StackProtectReq)) {
ORE.emit(OptimizationRemark(DEBUG_TYPE, "StackProtectorRequested", F)
<< "Stack protection applied to function "
<< ore::NV("Function", F)
<< " due to a function attribute or command-line switch");
NeedsProtector = true;
Strong = true; // Use the same heuristic as strong to determine SSPLayout
} else if (F->hasFnAttribute(Attribute::StackProtectStrong))
Strong = true;
else if (HasPrologue)
NeedsProtector = true;
else if (!F->hasFnAttribute(Attribute::StackProtect))
return false;
for (const BasicBlock &BB : *F) {
for (const Instruction &I : BB) {
if (const AllocaInst *AI = dyn_cast<AllocaInst>(&I)) {
if (AI->isArrayAllocation()) {
OptimizationRemark Remark(DEBUG_TYPE, "StackProtectorAllocaOrArray",
&I);
Remark
<< "Stack protection applied to function "
<< ore::NV("Function", F)
<< " due to a call to alloca or use of a variable length array";
if (const auto *CI = dyn_cast<ConstantInt>(AI->getArraySize())) {
if (CI->getLimitedValue(SSPBufferSize) >= SSPBufferSize) {
// A call to alloca with size >= SSPBufferSize requires
// stack protectors.
Layout.insert(std::make_pair(AI, SSPLK_LargeArray));
ORE.emit(Remark);
NeedsProtector = true;
} else if (Strong) {
// Require protectors for all alloca calls in strong mode.
Layout.insert(std::make_pair(AI, SSPLK_SmallArray));
ORE.emit(Remark);
NeedsProtector = true;
}
} else {
// A call to alloca with a variable size requires protectors.
Layout.insert(std::make_pair(AI, SSPLK_LargeArray));
ORE.emit(Remark);
NeedsProtector = true;
}
continue;
}
bool IsLarge = false;
if (ContainsProtectableArray(AI->getAllocatedType(), IsLarge, Strong)) {
Layout.insert(std::make_pair(AI, IsLarge ? SSPLK_LargeArray
: SSPLK_SmallArray));
ORE.emit(OptimizationRemark(DEBUG_TYPE, "StackProtectorBuffer", &I)
<< "Stack protection applied to function "
<< ore::NV("Function", F)
<< " due to a stack allocated buffer or struct containing a "
"buffer");
NeedsProtector = true;
continue;
}
if (Strong && HasAddressTaken(AI)) {
++NumAddrTaken;
Layout.insert(std::make_pair(AI, SSPLK_AddrOf));
ORE.emit(
OptimizationRemark(DEBUG_TYPE, "StackProtectorAddressTaken", &I)
<< "Stack protection applied to function "
<< ore::NV("Function", F)
<< " due to the address of a local variable being taken");
NeedsProtector = true;
}
}
}
}
return NeedsProtector;
}
/// Create a stack guard loading and populate whether SelectionDAG SSP is
/// supported.
static Value *getStackGuard(const TargetLoweringBase *TLI, Module *M,
IRBuilder<> &B,
bool *SupportsSelectionDAGSP = nullptr) {
if (Value *Guard = TLI->getIRStackGuard(B))
return B.CreateLoad(Guard, true, "StackGuard");
// Use SelectionDAG SSP handling, since there isn't an IR guard.
//
// This is more or less weird, since we optionally output whether we
// should perform a SelectionDAG SP here. The reason is that it's strictly
// defined as !TLI->getIRStackGuard(B), where getIRStackGuard is also
// mutating. There is no way to get this bit without mutating the IR, so
// getting this bit has to happen in this right time.
//
// We could have define a new function TLI::supportsSelectionDAGSP(), but that
// will put more burden on the backends' overriding work, especially when it
// actually conveys the same information getIRStackGuard() already gives.
if (SupportsSelectionDAGSP)
*SupportsSelectionDAGSP = true;
TLI->insertSSPDeclarations(*M);
return B.CreateCall(Intrinsic::getDeclaration(M, Intrinsic::stackguard));
}
/// Insert code into the entry block that stores the stack guard
/// variable onto the stack:
///
/// entry:
/// StackGuardSlot = alloca i8*
/// StackGuard = <stack guard>
/// call void @llvm.stackprotector(StackGuard, StackGuardSlot)
///
/// Returns true if the platform/triple supports the stackprotectorcreate pseudo
/// node.
static bool CreatePrologue(Function *F, Module *M, ReturnInst *RI,
const TargetLoweringBase *TLI, AllocaInst *&AI) {
bool SupportsSelectionDAGSP = false;
IRBuilder<> B(&F->getEntryBlock().front());
PointerType *PtrTy = Type::getInt8PtrTy(RI->getContext());
AI = B.CreateAlloca(PtrTy, nullptr, "StackGuardSlot");
Value *GuardSlot = getStackGuard(TLI, M, B, &SupportsSelectionDAGSP);
B.CreateCall(Intrinsic::getDeclaration(M, Intrinsic::stackprotector),
{GuardSlot, AI});
return SupportsSelectionDAGSP;
}
/// InsertStackProtectors - Insert code into the prologue and epilogue of the
/// function.
///
/// - The prologue code loads and stores the stack guard onto the stack.
/// - The epilogue checks the value stored in the prologue against the original
/// value. It calls __stack_chk_fail if they differ.
bool StackProtector::InsertStackProtectors() {
bool SupportsSelectionDAGSP =
EnableSelectionDAGSP && !TM->Options.EnableFastISel;
AllocaInst *AI = nullptr; // Place on stack that stores the stack guard.
for (Function::iterator I = F->begin(), E = F->end(); I != E;) {
BasicBlock *BB = &*I++;
ReturnInst *RI = dyn_cast<ReturnInst>(BB->getTerminator());
if (!RI)
continue;
// Generate prologue instrumentation if not already generated.
if (!HasPrologue) {
HasPrologue = true;
SupportsSelectionDAGSP &= CreatePrologue(F, M, RI, TLI, AI);
}
// SelectionDAG based code generation. Nothing else needs to be done here.
// The epilogue instrumentation is postponed to SelectionDAG.
if (SupportsSelectionDAGSP)
break;
// Set HasIRCheck to true, so that SelectionDAG will not generate its own
// version. SelectionDAG called 'shouldEmitSDCheck' to check whether
// instrumentation has already been generated.
HasIRCheck = true;
// Generate epilogue instrumentation. The epilogue intrumentation can be
// function-based or inlined depending on which mechanism the target is
// providing.
if (Value* GuardCheck = TLI->getSSPStackGuardCheck(*M)) {
// Generate the function-based epilogue instrumentation.
// The target provides a guard check function, generate a call to it.
IRBuilder<> B(RI);
LoadInst *Guard = B.CreateLoad(AI, true, "Guard");
CallInst *Call = B.CreateCall(GuardCheck, {Guard});
llvm::Function *Function = cast<llvm::Function>(GuardCheck);
Call->setAttributes(Function->getAttributes());
Call->setCallingConv(Function->getCallingConv());
} else {
// Generate the epilogue with inline instrumentation.
// If we do not support SelectionDAG based tail calls, generate IR level
// tail calls.
//
// For each block with a return instruction, convert this:
//
// return:
// ...
// ret ...
//
// into this:
//
// return:
// ...
// %1 = <stack guard>
// %2 = load StackGuardSlot
// %3 = cmp i1 %1, %2
// br i1 %3, label %SP_return, label %CallStackCheckFailBlk
//
// SP_return:
// ret ...
//
// CallStackCheckFailBlk:
// call void @__stack_chk_fail()
// unreachable
// Create the FailBB. We duplicate the BB every time since the MI tail
// merge pass will merge together all of the various BB into one including
// fail BB generated by the stack protector pseudo instruction.
BasicBlock *FailBB = CreateFailBB();
// Split the basic block before the return instruction.
BasicBlock *NewBB = BB->splitBasicBlock(RI->getIterator(), "SP_return");
// Update the dominator tree if we need to.
if (DT && DT->isReachableFromEntry(BB)) {
DT->addNewBlock(NewBB, BB);
DT->addNewBlock(FailBB, BB);
}
// Remove default branch instruction to the new BB.
BB->getTerminator()->eraseFromParent();
// Move the newly created basic block to the point right after the old
// basic block so that it's in the "fall through" position.
NewBB->moveAfter(BB);
// Generate the stack protector instructions in the old basic block.
IRBuilder<> B(BB);
Value *Guard = getStackGuard(TLI, M, B);
LoadInst *LI2 = B.CreateLoad(AI, true);
Value *Cmp = B.CreateICmpEQ(Guard, LI2);
auto SuccessProb =
BranchProbabilityInfo::getBranchProbStackProtector(true);
auto FailureProb =
BranchProbabilityInfo::getBranchProbStackProtector(false);
MDNode *Weights = MDBuilder(F->getContext())
.createBranchWeights(SuccessProb.getNumerator(),
FailureProb.getNumerator());
B.CreateCondBr(Cmp, NewBB, FailBB, Weights);
}
}
// Return if we didn't modify any basic blocks. i.e., there are no return
// statements in the function.
return HasPrologue;
}
/// CreateFailBB - Create a basic block to jump to when the stack protector
/// check fails.
BasicBlock *StackProtector::CreateFailBB() {
LLVMContext &Context = F->getContext();
BasicBlock *FailBB = BasicBlock::Create(Context, "CallStackCheckFailBlk", F);
IRBuilder<> B(FailBB);
B.SetCurrentDebugLocation(DebugLoc::get(0, 0, F->getSubprogram()));
if (Trip.isOSOpenBSD()) {
Constant *StackChkFail =
M->getOrInsertFunction("__stack_smash_handler",
Type::getVoidTy(Context),
Type::getInt8PtrTy(Context));
B.CreateCall(StackChkFail, B.CreateGlobalStringPtr(F->getName(), "SSH"));
} else {
Constant *StackChkFail =
M->getOrInsertFunction("__stack_chk_fail", Type::getVoidTy(Context));
B.CreateCall(StackChkFail, {});
}
B.CreateUnreachable();
return FailBB;
}
bool StackProtector::shouldEmitSDCheck(const BasicBlock &BB) const {
return HasPrologue && !HasIRCheck && dyn_cast<ReturnInst>(BB.getTerminator());
}
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