* layout.cc (Layout::section_name_mapping): Add rules to handle
exact match on .data.rel.ro.local or .data.rel.ro.
(Layout::output_section_name): Check for exact matches.
elfcpp/
PR gold/14091
* x86_64.h (R_X86_64_RELATIVE64): New.
gold/
PR gold/14091
* x86_64.cc (Target_x86_64::Scan::local): For x32, generate
R_X86_64_RELATIVE64 instead of R_X86_64_RELATIVE in case of
R_X86_64_64.
* configure: Regenerate.
gold/
* nacl.cc: New file.
* nacl.h: New file.
* Makefile.am (CCFILES, HFILES): Add them.
* Makefile.in: Regenerate.
* i386.cc (Output_data_plt_i386_nacl): New class.
(Output_data_plt_i386_nacl_exec): New class.
(Output_data_plt_i386_nacl_dyn): New class.
(Target_i386_nacl): New class.
(Target_selector_i386_nacl): New class.
(target_selector_i386): Use it instead of Target_selector_i386.
* x86_64.cc (Output_data_plt_x86_64_nacl): New class.
(Target_x86_64_nacl): New class.
(Target_selector_x86_64_nacl): New class.
(target_selector_x86_64, target_selector_x32): Use it instead of
Target_selector_x86_64.
* arm.cc (Output_data_plt_arm_nacl): New class.
(Target_arm_nacl): New class.
(Target_selector_arm_nacl): New class.
(target_selector_arm, target_selector_armbe): Use it instead of
Target_selector_arm.
* target-select.cc (select_target): Take new Input_file* and off_t
arguments, pass them on to recognize method of selector.
* object.cc (make_elf_sized_object): Update caller.
* parameters.cc (parameters_force_valid_target): Likewise.
* incremental.cc (make_sized_incremental_binary): Likewise.
* target-select.h: Update decl.
(Target_selector::recognize): Take new Input_file* argument,
pass it on to do_recognize.
(Target_selector::do_recognize): Take new Input_file* argument.
* freebsd.h (Target_selector_freebsd::do_recognize): Likewise.
* powerpc.cc (Target_selector_powerpc::do_recognize): Likewise.
* sparc.cc (Target_selector_sparc::do_recognize): Likewise.
* testsuite/testfile.cc (Target_selector::do_recognize): Likewise.
* target.h (Target::Target_info): New members isolate_execinstr
and rosegment_gap.
(Target::isolate_execinstr, Target::rosegment_gap): New methods.
* arm.cc (Target_arm::arm_info): Update initializer.
* i386.cc (Target_i386::i386_info): Likewise.
* powerpc.cc (Target_powerpc::powerpc_info): Likewise.
* sparc.cc (Target_sparc::sparc_info): Likewise.
* x86_64.cc (Target_x86_64::x86_64_info): Likewise.
* testsuite/testfile.cc (Target_test::test_target_info): Likewise.
* layout.cc (Layout::attach_allocated_section_to_segment):
Take new const Target* argument. If target->isolate_execinstr(), act
like --rosegment.
(Layout::find_first_load_seg): Take new const Target* argument;
if target->isolate_execinstr(), reject PF_X segments.
(Layout::relaxation_loop_body): Update caller.
(Layout::set_segment_offsets): If target->isolate_execinstr(),
reset file offset to zero when we hit LOAD_SEG, and then do a second
loop over the segments before LOAD_SEG to reassign offsets after
addresses have been determined. Handle target->rosegment_gap().
(Layout::attach_section_to_segment): Take new const Target* argument;
pass it to attach_allocated_section_to_segment.
(Layout::make_output_section): Update caller.
(Layout::attach_sections_to_segments): Take new const Target* argument;
pass it to attach_section_to_segment.
* gold.cc (queue_middle_tasks): Update caller.
* layout.h (Layout): Update method decls with new arguments.
* arm.cc (Target_arm::Target_arm): Take optional argument for the
Target_info pointer to use.
(Target_arm::do_make_data_plt): New virtual method.
(Target_arm::make_data_plt): New method that calls it.
(Target_arm::make_plt_entry): Use it.
(Output_data_plt_arm::Output_data_plt_arm): Take additional argument
for the section alignment.
(Output_data_plt_arm::do_first_plt_entry_offset): New abstract virtual
method.
(Output_data_plt_arm::first_plt_entry_offset): Call it.
(Output_data_plt_arm::do_get_plt_entry_size): New abstract virtual
method.
(Output_data_plt_arm::get_plt_entry_size): Call it.
(Output_data_plt_arm::do_fill_plt_entry): New abstract virtual method.
(Output_data_plt_arm::fill_plt_entry): New method that calls it.
(Output_data_plt_arm::do_fill_first_plt_entry): New abstract virtual
method.
(Output_data_plt_arm::fill_first_plt_entry): New method that calls it.
(Output_data_plt_arm::set_final_data_size): Use get_plt_entry_size
method instead of sizeof(plt_entry).
(Output_data_plt_arm::add_entry): Likewise.
Use first_plt_entry_offset method instead of sizeof(first_plt_entry).
(Target_arm::first_plt_entry_offset): Call method on this->plt_ rather
than static method.
(Target_arm::plt_entry_size): Likewise.
(Output_data_plt_arm::first_plt_entry, Output_data_plt_arm::plt_entry):
Move to ...
(Output_data_plt_arm_standard): ... here, new class.
(Output_data_plt_arm::do_write): Move guts of PLT filling to...
(Output_data_plt_arm_standard::do_fill_first_plt_entry): ... here ...
(Output_data_plt_arm_standard::do_fill_plt_entry): ... and here.
* x86_64.cc (Output_data_plt_x86_64::Output_data_plt_x86_64):
Take additional argument for the PLT entry size.
(Output_data_plt_x86_64::get_tlsdesc_plt_offset):
Use get_plt_entry_size method rather than plt_entry_size variable.
(Output_data_plt_x86_64::reserve_slot): Likewise.
(Output_data_plt_x86_64::do_adjust_output_section): Likewise.
(Output_data_plt_x86_64::add_entry): Likewise.
(Output_data_plt_x86_64::add_local_ifunc_entry): Likewise.
(Output_data_plt_x86_64::address_for_global): Likewise.
(Output_data_plt_x86_64::address_for_local): Likewise.
(Output_data_plt_x86_64::set_final_data_size): Likewise.
(Output_data_plt_x86_64::first_plt_entry_offset): Likewise.
Make method non-static.
(Output_data_plt_x86_64::do_get_plt_entry_size): New abstract virtual
method.
(Output_data_plt_x86_64::get_plt_entry_size): Just call that.
(Output_data_plt_x86_64::do_add_eh_frame): New abstract virtual method.
(Output_data_plt_x86_64::add_eh_frame): New method to call it.
(Output_data_plt_x86_64::do_fill_first_plt_entry): New abstract
virtual method.
(Output_data_plt_x86_64::fill_first_plt_entry): New method to call it.
(Output_data_plt_x86_64::do_fill_plt_entry): New abstract
virtual method.
(Output_data_plt_x86_64::fill_plt_entry): New method to call it.
(Output_data_plt_x86_64::do_fill_tlsdesc_entry): New abstract
virtual method.
(Output_data_plt_x86_64::fill_tlsdesc_entry): New method to call it.
(Output_data_plt_x86_64::plt_entry_size)
(Output_data_plt_x86_64::first_plt_entry)
(Output_data_plt_x86_64::plt_entry)
(Output_data_plt_x86_64::tlsdesc_plt_entry)
(Output_data_plt_x86_64::plt_eh_frame_fde_size)
(Output_data_plt_x86_64::plt_eh_frame_fde): Move to ...
(Output_data_plt_x86_64_standard): ... here, new class.
(Target_x86_64::Target_x86_64): Take optional argument for the
Target_info pointer to use.
(Target_x86_64::do_make_data_plt): New virtual method.
(Target_x86_64::make_data_plt): New method to call it.
(Target_x86_64::init_got_plt_for_update): Use that.
Call this->plt_->add_eh_frame method here.
(Output_data_plt_x86_64::init): Don't do add_eh_frame_for_plt here.
(Target_x86_64::first_plt_entry_offset): Call method on this->plt_
rather than static method.
(Target_x86_64::plt_entry_size): Likewise.
(Output_data_plt_x86_64::do_write): Use get_plt_entry_size method
rather than plt_entry_size variable. Move guts of PLT filling to...
(Output_data_plt_x86_64_standard::do_fill_first_plt_entry): ... here ...
(Output_data_plt_x86_64_standard::do_fill_plt_entry): ... and here ...
(Output_data_plt_x86_64_standard::do_fill_tlsdesc_entry): ... and here.
* i386.cc (Output_data_plt_i386::Output_data_plt_i386): Take
additional argument for the section alignment.
Don't do add_eh_frame_for_plt here.
(Output_data_plt_i386::first_plt_entry_offset): Make the method
non-static. Use get_plt_entry_size method rather than plt_entry_size
variable.
(Output_data_plt_i386::do_get_plt_entry_size): New abstract virtual
method.
(Output_data_plt_i386::get_plt_entry_size): Call it.
(Output_data_plt_i386::do_add_eh_frame): New abstract virtual method.
(Output_data_plt_i386::add_eh_frame): New method to call it.
(Output_data_plt_i386::do_fill_first_plt_entry): New abstract virtual
method.
(Output_data_plt_i386::fill_first_plt_entry): New method to call it.
(Output_data_plt_i386::do_fill_plt_entry): New abstract virtual
method.
(Output_data_plt_i386::fill_plt_entry): New method to call it.
(Output_data_plt_i386::set_final_data_size): Use get_plt_entry_size
method instead of plt_entry_size.
(Output_data_plt_i386::plt_entry_size)
(Output_data_plt_i386::plt_eh_frame_fde_size)
(Output_data_plt_i386::plt_eh_frame_fde): Move to ...
(Output_data_plt_i386_standard): ... here, new class.
(Output_data_plt_i386_exec): New class.
(Output_data_plt_i386::exec_first_plt_entry): Move to ...
(Output_data_plt_i386_exec::first_plt_entry): ... here.
(Output_data_plt_i386::exec_plt_entry): Move to ...
(Output_data_plt_i386_exec::plt_entry): ... here.
(Output_data_plt_i386_dyn): New class.
(Output_data_plt_i386::first_plt_entry): Move to ...
(Output_data_plt_i386_dyn::first_plt_entry): ... here.
(Output_data_plt_i386::dyn_plt_entry): Move to ...
(Output_data_plt_i386_dyn::plt_entry): ... here.
(Target_i386::Target_i386): Take optional argument for the Target_info
pointer to use.
(Target_i386::do_make_data_plt): New virtual method.
(Target_i386::make_data_plt): New method to call it.
(Target_i386::make_plt_section): Use that.
Call this->plt_->add_eh_frame method here.
(Output_data_plt_i386::add_entry): Use get_plt_entry_size method
rather than plt_entry_size variable.
(Output_data_plt_i386::add_local_ifunc_entry): Likewise.
(Output_data_plt_i386::address_for_local): Likewise.
(Output_data_plt_i386::do_write): Likewise.
Move guts of PLT filling to...
(Output_data_plt_i386_exec::do_fill_first_plt_entry): ... here ...
(Output_data_plt_i386_exec::do_fill_plt_entry): ... and here ...
(Output_data_plt_i386_dyn::do_fill_first_plt_entry): ... and here ...
(Output_data_plt_i386_dyn::do_fill_plt_entry): ... and here.
Change-Id: Id24b95600489835ff5e860a39c147203d4380c2b
* dwarf_reader.cc (Dwarf_die::address_attribute): New function.
* dwarf_reader.h (Dwarf_die::address_attribute): Likewise.
* gdb-index.cc (Gdb_index_info_reader::record_cu_ranges): Handle
DW_AT_high_pc as offset from DW_AT_low_pc.
* testsuite/Makefile.am (gdb_index_test_3.sh): New test case.
* testsuite/Makefile.in: Regenerate.
* testsuite/gdb_index_test_3.c: New test source file.
* testsuite/gdb_index_test_3.sh: New test source file.
pointer.
(Stub_addend_reader::operator()): Declare Arm_relocate_functions
as a class, not a struct.
(Target_arm::scan_span_for_cortex_a8_erratum): Likewise.
(Target_arm::apply_cortex_a8_workaround): Likewise.
* gc.h: Declare Reloc_types as a struct, not a class.
* object.h: Declare Symbols_data as a struct.
* reloc.h: Declare Read_relocs_data as a struct.
* target.h: Declare Relocate_info as a struct.
gold/
* sparc.cc (Target_sparc::Relocate::relax_call): New function.
(Target_sparc::Relocate::relocate): Call it for R_SPARC_WDISP30
and R_SPARC_WPLT30.
magic number with symbolic constant.
(dump_incremental_inputs): Update version number.
* incremental.cc (Output_section_incremental_inputs): Update version
number; import symbolic constants from Incremental_inputs_reader.
(Incremental_inputs::create_data_sections): Align relocations
section correctly for 64-bit targets.
(Output_section_incremental_inputs::set_final_data_size): Use symbolic
constants; add padding.
(Output_section_incremental_inputs::write_header): Add assert for
header_size.
(Output_section_incremental_inputs::write_input_files): Add assert
for input_entry_size.
(Output_section_incremental_inputs::write_info_blocks): Add padding;
add assert for object_info_size, input_section_entry_size,
global_sym_entry_size.
* incremental.h (Incremental_inputs_reader): Add symbolic constants
for data structure sizes; use them.
(Incremental_input_entry_reader): Import symbolic constants from
Incremental_inputs_reader; use them.
gold/
* sparc.cc (class Target_sparc): Add elf_machine_, elf_flags_,
and elf_flags_set_.
(Target_sparc::Target_sparc): Initialize new fields.
(Target_sparc::do_make_elf_object): New function.
(Target_sparc::do_adjust_elf_header): New function.
* elfcpp_swap.h (struct Swap_aligned32): New template.
gold/
* gdb-index.cc (Gdb_index::do_write): Use Swap_aligned32 for writing
CU range table of gdb index.
gold/
* sparc.cc (Target_sparc::got_address): New function.
(Sparc_relocate_functions::gdop_hix22): New function.
(Sparc_relocate_functions::gdop_lox10): New function.
(Target_sparc::Scan::local): Do not emit a GOT entry for GOTDATA
relocs.
(Target_sparc::Scan::local): Likewise if the global symbol is not
preemptible and is not IFUNC.
(Target_sparc::Relocate::relocate): Perform GOTDATA code
transformations for local and non-preemptible non-IFUNC global
symbols.
elfcpp/
* sparc.h (R_SPARC_JMP_IREL): New relocation.
gold/
* sparc.cc (class Target_sparc): Add rela_ifunc_.
(Target_sparc::Target_sparc): Initialize new field.
(Target_sparc::do_plt_section_for_global): New function.
(Target_sparc::do_plt_section_for_local): New function.
(Target_sparc::reloc_needs_plt_for_ifunc): New function.
(Target_sparc::make_plt_section): New function, broken out of
make_plt_entry. Use ORDER_NON_RELRO_FIRST for ".plt".
(Target_sparc::make_plt_entry): Call make_plt_section.
(Target_sparc::make_local_ifunc_plt_entry): New function.
(Target_sparc::rela_ifunc_section): New function.
(Target_sparc::plt_section): Remove const.
(Output_data_plt_sparc): Update declarations. Define Global_ifunc
and Local_ifunc types. Add global_ifuncs_, local_ifuncs_, ifunc_rel_,
and ifunc_count_ fields.
(Output_data_plt_sparc::Output_data_plt_sparc): Initialize new fields.
(Output_data_plt_sparc::add_entry): Handle IFUNC symbols.
(Output_data_plt_sparc::add_local_ifunc_entry): New function.
(Output_data_plt_sparc::rela_ifunc): New function.
(Output_data_plt_sparc::emit_pending_ifunc_relocs): New function.
(Output_data_plt_sparc::has_ifunc_section): New function.
(Output_data_plt_sparc::entry_count): Include ifunc_count_.
(Output_data_plt_sparc::address_for_global): New function.
(Output_data_plt_sparc::address_for_local): New function.
(Output_data_plt_sparc::plt_index_to_offset): New function.
(Output_data_plt_sparc::set_final_data_size): Use plt_index_to_offset
and entry_count.
(Output_data_plt_sparc::do_write): Use first_plt_entry_offset and
entry_count.
(Target_sparc::Scan::get_reference_flags): Add R_SPARC_IRELATIVE and
R_SPARC_JMP_IREL to switch.
(Target_sparc::Scan::check_non_pic): Likewise.
(Target_sparc::Scan::local): Handle IFUNC symbols.
(Target_sparc::Scan::local): Likewise.
(Target_sparc::Relocate::relocate): Likewise, use plt_address_for_global
and plt_address_for_local.
(Target_sparc::do_finalize_sections): Call emit_pending_ifunc_relocs.
Define __rel_iplt_start and __rel_iplt_end if doing a static link.
* Makefile.am: Add gdb-index.cc, gdb-index.h.
* Makefile.in: Regenerate.
* dwarf_reader.cc (Sized_elf_reloc_mapper::do_initialize): New function.
(Sized_elf_reloc_mapper::symbol_section): New function.
(Sized_elf_reloc_mapper::do_get_reloc_target): New function.
(make_elf_reloc_mapper): New function.
(Dwarf_abbrev_table::clear_abbrev_codes): New function.
(Dwarf_abbrev_table::do_read_abbrevs): New function.
(Dwarf_abbrev_table::do_get_abbrev): New function.
(Dwarf_ranges_table::read_ranges_table): New function.
(Dwarf_ranges_table::read_range_list): New function.
(Dwarf_pubnames_table::read_section): New function.
(Dwarf_pubnames_table::read_header): New function.
(Dwarf_pubnames_table::next_name): New function.
(Dwarf_die::Dwarf_die): New function.
(Dwarf_die::read_attributes): New function.
(Dwarf_die::skip_attributes): New function.
(Dwarf_die::set_name): New function.
(Dwarf_die::set_linkage_name): New function.
(Dwarf_die::attribute): New function.
(Dwarf_die::string_attribute): New function.
(Dwarf_die::int_attribute): New function.
(Dwarf_die::uint_attribute): New function.
(Dwarf_die::ref_attribute): New function.
(Dwarf_die::child_offset): New function.
(Dwarf_die::sibling_offset): New function.
(Dwarf_info_reader::check_buffer): New function.
(Dwarf_info_reader::parse): New function.
(Dwarf_info_reader::do_parse): New function.
(Dwarf_info_reader::do_read_string_table): New function.
(Dwarf_info_reader::lookup_reloc): New function.
(Dwarf_info_reader::get_string): New function.
(Dwarf_info_reader::visit_compilation_unit): New function.
(Dwarf_info_reader::visit_type_unit): New function.
(Sized_dwarf_line_info::Sized_dwarf_line_info): Use
Sized_elf_reloc_mapper.
(Sized_dwarf_line_info::symbol_section): Remove function.
(Sized_dwarf_line_info::read_relocs): Use Sized_elf_reloc_mapper.
(Sized_dwarf_line_info::read_line_mappings): Remove object
parameter, adjust callers.
(Sized_dwarf_line_info::format_file_lineno): Fix type of cast.
* dwarf_reader.h: Include <sys/types.h>.
(class Track_relocs): Remove forward declaration.
(class Elf_reloc_mapper): New class.
(class Sized_elf_reloc_mapper): New class.
(class Dwarf_abbrev_table): New class.
(class Dwarf_range_list): New class.
(class Dwarf_ranges_table): New class.
(class Dwarf_pubnames_table): New class.
(class Dwarf_die): New class.
(class Dwarf_info_reader): New class.
(Sized_dwarf_line_info::read_line_mappings): Remove object parameter.
(Sized_dwarf_line_info::symbol_section): Remove member function.
* dynobj.h (Sized_dynobj::do_section_contents): Refactor code from
base class.
* gdb-index.cc: New source file.
* gdb-index.h: New source file.
* incremental.cc (Sized_relobj_incr::do_layout): Track .debug_info
and .debug_types sections, call Layout::add_to_gdb_index.
(Sized_relobj_incr::do_section_name): Implement.
(Sized_relobj_incr::do_section_contents): Adjust parameter list and
return type; Implement.
(Sized_incr_dynobj::do_section_contents): Adjust parameter list and
return type.
* incremental.h (Sized_relobj_incr::do_section_contents): Adjust
parameter list and return type.
(Sized_incr_dynobj::do_section_contents): Likewise.
* layout.cc: Include gdb-index.h.
(Layout::Layout): Initialize gdb_index_data_.
(Layout::init_fixed_output_section): Check for .gdb_index section.
(Layout::add_to_gdb_index): New function. Instantiate.
* layout.h: Add forward declaration for class Gdb_index.
(Layout::add_to_gdb_index): New member function.
(Layout::gdb_index_data_): New data member.
* main.cc: Include gdb-index.h.
(main): Print statistics for gdb index.
* object.cc (Object::section_contents): Move code into
do_section_contents.
(need_decompressed_section): Check for sections needed when building
gdb index.
(build_compressed_section_map): Likewise.
(Sized_relobj_file::do_read_symbols): Need local symbols when building
gdb index.
(Sized_relobj_file::do_layout): Track .debug_info and .debug_types
sections; call Layout::add_to_gdb_index.
(Sized_relobj_file::do_decompressed_section_contents): Call
do_section_contents directly.
* object.h (Object::do_section_contents): Adjust parameter list and
return type.
(Object::do_decompressed_section_contents): Call do_section_contents
directly.
(Sized_relobj_file::do_section_contents): Adjust parameter list and
return type.
* options.h (class General_options): Add --gdb-index option.
* plugin.cc (Sized_pluginobj::do_section_contents): Adjust parameter
list and return type.
* plugin.h (Sized_pluginobj::do_section_contents): Likewise.
* reloc.h (Track_relocs::checkpoint): New function.
(Track_relocs::reset): New function.
* testsuite/Makefile.am (gdb_index_test_1.sh, gdb_index_test_2.sh):
New test cases.
* testsuite/Makefile.in: Regenerate.
* testsuite/gdb_index_test.cc: New test source file.
* testsuite/gdb_index_test_1.sh: New test source file.
* testsuite/gdb_index_test_2.sh: New test source file.
* arm.cc (Target_arm::do_define_standard_symbols): New method.
(Target_arm::do_finalize_sections): Remove code which defines
__exidx_start and __exidx_end. Make symbol table parameter
anonymous as it is not used.
* gold.cc (queue_middle_tasks): Call target hook to define any
target-specific symbols.
* target.h (Target::define_standard_symbols): New method.
(Target::do_define_standard_symbols): Same.
* testsuite/Makefile.am (arm_exidx_test): Dump relocations also.
* testsuite/Makefile.in: Regenerate.
* testsuite/arm_exidx.s: Generate data relocations for __exidx_start
and __exidx_end.
* testsuite/arm_exidx_test.sh: Check that no unused dynamic
relocations are generated for __exidx_start and __exidx_end.
Update DWARF enums from ../include/dwarf2.h.
* dwarf.h (enum DW_TAG): Add new DWARF-4 tags.
(enum DW_FORM): Add new DWARF-4 and Fission extensions.
(enum DW_AT): New enum.
(enum DW_LINE_EXTENDED_OPS): Add new DWARF-4 opcode.
(enum DW_ENCODING): Add new DWARF-4 encoding.
(enum DW_OP): Add new DWARF-4 opcodes.
(enum DW_CHILDREN): New enum.
(enum DW_LANG): New enum.
gold/
* reduced_debug_output.cc
(Output_reduced_debug_info_section::get_die_end): Add new FORM
codes to switch.
Call Object::decompressed_section_contents.
* dwarf_reader.h (Sized_dwarf_line_info::~Sized_dwarf_line_info):
New dtor.
(Sized_dwarf_line_info::buffer_start_): New data member.
* merge.cc (Output_merge_data::do_add_input_section): Call
Object::decompressed_section_contents.
(Output_merge_string::do_add_input_section): Likewise.
* object.cc (need_decompressed_section): New function.
(build_compressed_section_map): Decompress sections needed later.
(Sized_relobj_file::do_decompressed_section_contents): New function.
(Sized_relobj_file::do_discard_decompressed_sections): New function.
* object.h (Object::decompressed_section_contents): New function.
(Object::discard_decompressed_sections): New function.
(Object::do_decompressed_section_contents): New function.
(Object::do_discard_decompressed_sections): New function.
(Compressed_section_info): New type.
(Compressed_section_map): Include decompressed section contents.
(Sized_relobj_file::do_decompressed_section_contents): New function.
(Sized_relobj_file::do_discard_decompressed_sections): New function.
* arm.cc (Arm_relocate_functions::abs8,
Arm_relocate_functions::abs16): Use
Bits::has_signed_unsigned_overflow32.
(Arm_relocate_functions::thm_abs8): Correct range of
overflow check.
* reloc.h (Bits class): Change minimum number of bits from 0 to 1
in assertions.
