mirror of
https://github.com/darlinghq/darling-gdb.git
synced 2024-12-16 08:36:43 +00:00
b8c610a72f
* config/tc-avr.c (mcu_types): Add new devices: atmega325pa, atmega3250pa, atmega3290pa, atmega16hvbrevb, atmega32hvbrevb, at90pwm161. * doc/c-avr.texi: Document new device names.
414 lines
13 KiB
Plaintext
414 lines
13 KiB
Plaintext
@c Copyright 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2011
|
|
@c Free Software Foundation, Inc.
|
|
@c This is part of the GAS manual.
|
|
@c For copying conditions, see the file as.texinfo.
|
|
|
|
@ifset GENERIC
|
|
@page
|
|
@node AVR-Dependent
|
|
@chapter AVR Dependent Features
|
|
@end ifset
|
|
|
|
@ifclear GENERIC
|
|
@node Machine Dependencies
|
|
@chapter AVR Dependent Features
|
|
@end ifclear
|
|
|
|
@cindex AVR support
|
|
@menu
|
|
* AVR Options:: Options
|
|
* AVR Syntax:: Syntax
|
|
* AVR Opcodes:: Opcodes
|
|
@end menu
|
|
|
|
@node AVR Options
|
|
@section Options
|
|
@cindex AVR options (none)
|
|
@cindex options for AVR (none)
|
|
|
|
@table @code
|
|
|
|
@cindex @code{-mmcu=} command line option, AVR
|
|
@item -mmcu=@var{mcu}
|
|
Specify ATMEL AVR instruction set or MCU type.
|
|
|
|
Instruction set avr1 is for the minimal AVR core, not supported by the C
|
|
compiler, only for assembler programs (MCU types: at90s1200,
|
|
attiny11, attiny12, attiny15, attiny28).
|
|
|
|
Instruction set avr2 (default) is for the classic AVR core with up to
|
|
8K program memory space (MCU types: at90s2313, at90s2323, at90s2333, at90s2343,
|
|
attiny22, attiny26, at90s4414, at90s4433, at90s4434, at90s8515, at90c8534,
|
|
at90s8535).
|
|
|
|
Instruction set avr25 is for the classic AVR core with up to 8K program memory
|
|
space plus the MOVW instruction (MCU types: attiny13, attiny13a, attiny2313,
|
|
attiny2313a, attiny24, attiny24a, attiny4313, attiny44, attiny44a, attiny84,
|
|
attiny84a, attiny25, attiny45, attiny85, attiny261, attiny261a, attiny461,
|
|
attiny461a, attiny861, attiny861a, attiny87, attiny43u, attiny48, attiny88,
|
|
at86rf401, ata6289).
|
|
|
|
Instruction set avr3 is for the classic AVR core with up to 128K program
|
|
memory space (MCU types: at43usb355, at76c711).
|
|
|
|
Instruction set avr31 is for the classic AVR core with exactly 128K program
|
|
memory space (MCU types: atmega103, at43usb320).
|
|
|
|
Instruction set avr35 is for classic AVR core plus MOVW, CALL, and JMP
|
|
instructions (MCU types: attiny167, at90usb82, at90usb162, atmega8u2,
|
|
atmega16u2, atmega32u2).
|
|
|
|
Instruction set avr4 is for the enhanced AVR core with up to 8K program
|
|
memory space (MCU types: atmega48, atmega48a, atmega48p, atmega8, atmega88,
|
|
atmega88a, atmega88p, atmega88pa, atmega8515, atmega8535, atmega8hva, at90pwm1,
|
|
at90pwm2, at90pwm2b, at90pwm3, at90pwm3b, at90pwm81).
|
|
|
|
Instruction set avr5 is for the enhanced AVR core with up to 128K program
|
|
memory space (MCU types: atmega16, atmega16a, atmega161, atmega162, atmega163,
|
|
atmega164a, atmega164p, atmega165, atmega165a, atmega165p, atmega168,
|
|
atmega168a, atmega168p, atmega169, atmega169a, atmega169p, atmega169pa,
|
|
atmega32, atmega323, atmega324a, atmega324p, atmega325, atmega325a, atmega325p,
|
|
atmega325pa, atmega3250, atmega3250a, atmega3250p, atmega3250pa, atmega328,
|
|
atmega328p, atmega329, atmega329a, atmega329p, atmega329pa, atmega3290,
|
|
atmega3290a, atmega3290p, atmega3290pa, atmega406, atmega64, atmega640,
|
|
atmega644, atmega644a, atmega644p, atmega644pa, atmega645, atmega645a,
|
|
atmega645p, atmega6450, atmega6450a, atmega6450p, atmega649, atmega649a,
|
|
atmega649p, atmega6490, atmega6490a, atmega6490p, atmega16hva, atmega16hva2,
|
|
atmega16hvb, atmega16hvbrevb, atmega32hvb, atmega32hvbrevb, atmega64hve,
|
|
at90can32, at90can64, at90pwm161, at90pwm216, at90pwm316, atmega32c1,
|
|
atmega64c1, atmega16m1, atmega32m1, atmega64m1, atmega16u4, atmega32u4,
|
|
atmega32u6, at90usb646, at90usb647, at94k, at90scr100).
|
|
|
|
Instruction set avr51 is for the enhanced AVR core with exactly 128K program
|
|
memory space (MCU types: atmega128, atmega1280, atmega1281, atmega1284p,
|
|
atmega128rfa1, at90can128, at90usb1286, at90usb1287, m3000).
|
|
|
|
Instruction set avr6 is for the enhanced AVR core with a 3-byte PC (MCU types:
|
|
atmega2560, atmega2561).
|
|
|
|
Instruction set avrxmega2 is for the XMEGA AVR core with 8K to 64K program
|
|
memory space and less than 64K data space (MCU types: atxmega16a4, atxmega16d4,
|
|
atxmega16x1, atxmega32a4, atxmega32d4, atxmega32x1).
|
|
|
|
Instruction set avrxmega3 is for the XMEGA AVR core with 8K to 64K program
|
|
memory space and greater than 64K data space (MCU types: none).
|
|
|
|
Instruction set avrxmega4 is for the XMEGA AVR core with up to 64K program
|
|
memory space and less than 64K data space (MCU types: atxmega64a3, atxmega64d3).
|
|
|
|
Instruction set avrxmega5 is for the XMEGA AVR core with up to 64K program
|
|
memory space and greater than 64K data space (MCU types: atxmega64a1,
|
|
atxmega64a1u).
|
|
|
|
Instruction set avrxmega6 is for the XMEGA AVR core with up to 256K program
|
|
memory space and less than 64K data space (MCU types: atxmega128a3,
|
|
atxmega128d3, atxmega192a3, atxmega128b1, atxmega192d3, atxmega256a3,
|
|
atxmega256a3b, atxmega256a3bu, atxmega192d3).
|
|
|
|
Instruction set avrxmega7 is for the XMEGA AVR core with up to 256K program
|
|
memory space and greater than 64K data space (MCU types: atxmega128a1,
|
|
atxmega128a1u).
|
|
|
|
@cindex @code{-mall-opcodes} command line option, AVR
|
|
@item -mall-opcodes
|
|
Accept all AVR opcodes, even if not supported by @code{-mmcu}.
|
|
|
|
@cindex @code{-mno-skip-bug} command line option, AVR
|
|
@item -mno-skip-bug
|
|
This option disable warnings for skipping two-word instructions.
|
|
|
|
@cindex @code{-mno-wrap} command line option, AVR
|
|
@item -mno-wrap
|
|
This option reject @code{rjmp/rcall} instructions with 8K wrap-around.
|
|
|
|
@end table
|
|
|
|
|
|
@node AVR Syntax
|
|
@section Syntax
|
|
@menu
|
|
* AVR-Chars:: Special Characters
|
|
* AVR-Regs:: Register Names
|
|
* AVR-Modifiers:: Relocatable Expression Modifiers
|
|
@end menu
|
|
|
|
@node AVR-Chars
|
|
@subsection Special Characters
|
|
|
|
@cindex line comment character, AVR
|
|
@cindex AVR line comment character
|
|
|
|
The presence of a @samp{;} anywhere on a line indicates the start of a
|
|
comment that extends to the end of that line.
|
|
|
|
If a @samp{#} appears as the first character of a line, the whole line
|
|
is treated as a comment, but in this case the line can also be a
|
|
logical line number directive (@pxref{Comments}) or a preprocessor
|
|
control command (@pxref{Preprocessing}).
|
|
|
|
@cindex line separator, AVR
|
|
@cindex statement separator, AVR
|
|
@cindex AVR line separator
|
|
|
|
The @samp{$} character can be used instead of a newline to separate
|
|
statements.
|
|
|
|
@node AVR-Regs
|
|
@subsection Register Names
|
|
|
|
@cindex AVR register names
|
|
@cindex register names, AVR
|
|
|
|
The AVR has 32 x 8-bit general purpose working registers @samp{r0},
|
|
@samp{r1}, ... @samp{r31}.
|
|
Six of the 32 registers can be used as three 16-bit indirect address
|
|
register pointers for Data Space addressing. One of the these address
|
|
pointers can also be used as an address pointer for look up tables in
|
|
Flash program memory. These added function registers are the 16-bit
|
|
@samp{X}, @samp{Y} and @samp{Z} - registers.
|
|
|
|
@smallexample
|
|
X = @r{r26:r27}
|
|
Y = @r{r28:r29}
|
|
Z = @r{r30:r31}
|
|
@end smallexample
|
|
|
|
@node AVR-Modifiers
|
|
@subsection Relocatable Expression Modifiers
|
|
|
|
@cindex AVR modifiers
|
|
@cindex syntax, AVR
|
|
|
|
The assembler supports several modifiers when using relocatable addresses
|
|
in AVR instruction operands. The general syntax is the following:
|
|
|
|
@smallexample
|
|
modifier(relocatable-expression)
|
|
@end smallexample
|
|
|
|
@table @code
|
|
@cindex symbol modifiers
|
|
|
|
@item lo8
|
|
|
|
This modifier allows you to use bits 0 through 7 of
|
|
an address expression as 8 bit relocatable expression.
|
|
|
|
@item hi8
|
|
|
|
This modifier allows you to use bits 7 through 15 of an address expression
|
|
as 8 bit relocatable expression. This is useful with, for example, the
|
|
AVR @samp{ldi} instruction and @samp{lo8} modifier.
|
|
|
|
For example
|
|
|
|
@smallexample
|
|
ldi r26, lo8(sym+10)
|
|
ldi r27, hi8(sym+10)
|
|
@end smallexample
|
|
|
|
@item hh8
|
|
|
|
This modifier allows you to use bits 16 through 23 of
|
|
an address expression as 8 bit relocatable expression.
|
|
Also, can be useful for loading 32 bit constants.
|
|
|
|
@item hlo8
|
|
|
|
Synonym of @samp{hh8}.
|
|
|
|
@item hhi8
|
|
|
|
This modifier allows you to use bits 24 through 31 of
|
|
an expression as 8 bit expression. This is useful with, for example, the
|
|
AVR @samp{ldi} instruction and @samp{lo8}, @samp{hi8}, @samp{hlo8},
|
|
@samp{hhi8}, modifier.
|
|
|
|
For example
|
|
|
|
@smallexample
|
|
ldi r26, lo8(285774925)
|
|
ldi r27, hi8(285774925)
|
|
ldi r28, hlo8(285774925)
|
|
ldi r29, hhi8(285774925)
|
|
; r29,r28,r27,r26 = 285774925
|
|
@end smallexample
|
|
|
|
@item pm_lo8
|
|
|
|
This modifier allows you to use bits 0 through 7 of
|
|
an address expression as 8 bit relocatable expression.
|
|
This modifier useful for addressing data or code from
|
|
Flash/Program memory. The using of @samp{pm_lo8} similar
|
|
to @samp{lo8}.
|
|
|
|
@item pm_hi8
|
|
|
|
This modifier allows you to use bits 8 through 15 of
|
|
an address expression as 8 bit relocatable expression.
|
|
This modifier useful for addressing data or code from
|
|
Flash/Program memory.
|
|
|
|
@item pm_hh8
|
|
|
|
This modifier allows you to use bits 15 through 23 of
|
|
an address expression as 8 bit relocatable expression.
|
|
This modifier useful for addressing data or code from
|
|
Flash/Program memory.
|
|
|
|
@end table
|
|
|
|
@node AVR Opcodes
|
|
@section Opcodes
|
|
|
|
@cindex AVR opcode summary
|
|
@cindex opcode summary, AVR
|
|
@cindex mnemonics, AVR
|
|
@cindex instruction summary, AVR
|
|
For detailed information on the AVR machine instruction set, see
|
|
@url{www.atmel.com/products/AVR}.
|
|
|
|
@code{@value{AS}} implements all the standard AVR opcodes.
|
|
The following table summarizes the AVR opcodes, and their arguments.
|
|
|
|
@smallexample
|
|
@i{Legend:}
|
|
r @r{any register}
|
|
d @r{`ldi' register (r16-r31)}
|
|
v @r{`movw' even register (r0, r2, ..., r28, r30)}
|
|
a @r{`fmul' register (r16-r23)}
|
|
w @r{`adiw' register (r24,r26,r28,r30)}
|
|
e @r{pointer registers (X,Y,Z)}
|
|
b @r{base pointer register and displacement ([YZ]+disp)}
|
|
z @r{Z pointer register (for [e]lpm Rd,Z[+])}
|
|
M @r{immediate value from 0 to 255}
|
|
n @r{immediate value from 0 to 255 ( n = ~M ). Relocation impossible}
|
|
s @r{immediate value from 0 to 7}
|
|
P @r{Port address value from 0 to 63. (in, out)}
|
|
p @r{Port address value from 0 to 31. (cbi, sbi, sbic, sbis)}
|
|
K @r{immediate value from 0 to 63 (used in `adiw', `sbiw')}
|
|
i @r{immediate value}
|
|
l @r{signed pc relative offset from -64 to 63}
|
|
L @r{signed pc relative offset from -2048 to 2047}
|
|
h @r{absolute code address (call, jmp)}
|
|
S @r{immediate value from 0 to 7 (S = s << 4)}
|
|
? @r{use this opcode entry if no parameters, else use next opcode entry}
|
|
|
|
1001010010001000 clc
|
|
1001010011011000 clh
|
|
1001010011111000 cli
|
|
1001010010101000 cln
|
|
1001010011001000 cls
|
|
1001010011101000 clt
|
|
1001010010111000 clv
|
|
1001010010011000 clz
|
|
1001010000001000 sec
|
|
1001010001011000 seh
|
|
1001010001111000 sei
|
|
1001010000101000 sen
|
|
1001010001001000 ses
|
|
1001010001101000 set
|
|
1001010000111000 sev
|
|
1001010000011000 sez
|
|
100101001SSS1000 bclr S
|
|
100101000SSS1000 bset S
|
|
1001010100001001 icall
|
|
1001010000001001 ijmp
|
|
1001010111001000 lpm ?
|
|
1001000ddddd010+ lpm r,z
|
|
1001010111011000 elpm ?
|
|
1001000ddddd011+ elpm r,z
|
|
0000000000000000 nop
|
|
1001010100001000 ret
|
|
1001010100011000 reti
|
|
1001010110001000 sleep
|
|
1001010110011000 break
|
|
1001010110101000 wdr
|
|
1001010111101000 spm
|
|
000111rdddddrrrr adc r,r
|
|
000011rdddddrrrr add r,r
|
|
001000rdddddrrrr and r,r
|
|
000101rdddddrrrr cp r,r
|
|
000001rdddddrrrr cpc r,r
|
|
000100rdddddrrrr cpse r,r
|
|
001001rdddddrrrr eor r,r
|
|
001011rdddddrrrr mov r,r
|
|
100111rdddddrrrr mul r,r
|
|
001010rdddddrrrr or r,r
|
|
000010rdddddrrrr sbc r,r
|
|
000110rdddddrrrr sub r,r
|
|
001001rdddddrrrr clr r
|
|
000011rdddddrrrr lsl r
|
|
000111rdddddrrrr rol r
|
|
001000rdddddrrrr tst r
|
|
0111KKKKddddKKKK andi d,M
|
|
0111KKKKddddKKKK cbr d,n
|
|
1110KKKKddddKKKK ldi d,M
|
|
11101111dddd1111 ser d
|
|
0110KKKKddddKKKK ori d,M
|
|
0110KKKKddddKKKK sbr d,M
|
|
0011KKKKddddKKKK cpi d,M
|
|
0100KKKKddddKKKK sbci d,M
|
|
0101KKKKddddKKKK subi d,M
|
|
1111110rrrrr0sss sbrc r,s
|
|
1111111rrrrr0sss sbrs r,s
|
|
1111100ddddd0sss bld r,s
|
|
1111101ddddd0sss bst r,s
|
|
10110PPdddddPPPP in r,P
|
|
10111PPrrrrrPPPP out P,r
|
|
10010110KKddKKKK adiw w,K
|
|
10010111KKddKKKK sbiw w,K
|
|
10011000pppppsss cbi p,s
|
|
10011010pppppsss sbi p,s
|
|
10011001pppppsss sbic p,s
|
|
10011011pppppsss sbis p,s
|
|
111101lllllll000 brcc l
|
|
111100lllllll000 brcs l
|
|
111100lllllll001 breq l
|
|
111101lllllll100 brge l
|
|
111101lllllll101 brhc l
|
|
111100lllllll101 brhs l
|
|
111101lllllll111 brid l
|
|
111100lllllll111 brie l
|
|
111100lllllll000 brlo l
|
|
111100lllllll100 brlt l
|
|
111100lllllll010 brmi l
|
|
111101lllllll001 brne l
|
|
111101lllllll010 brpl l
|
|
111101lllllll000 brsh l
|
|
111101lllllll110 brtc l
|
|
111100lllllll110 brts l
|
|
111101lllllll011 brvc l
|
|
111100lllllll011 brvs l
|
|
111101lllllllsss brbc s,l
|
|
111100lllllllsss brbs s,l
|
|
1101LLLLLLLLLLLL rcall L
|
|
1100LLLLLLLLLLLL rjmp L
|
|
1001010hhhhh111h call h
|
|
1001010hhhhh110h jmp h
|
|
1001010rrrrr0101 asr r
|
|
1001010rrrrr0000 com r
|
|
1001010rrrrr1010 dec r
|
|
1001010rrrrr0011 inc r
|
|
1001010rrrrr0110 lsr r
|
|
1001010rrrrr0001 neg r
|
|
1001000rrrrr1111 pop r
|
|
1001001rrrrr1111 push r
|
|
1001010rrrrr0111 ror r
|
|
1001010rrrrr0010 swap r
|
|
00000001ddddrrrr movw v,v
|
|
00000010ddddrrrr muls d,d
|
|
000000110ddd0rrr mulsu a,a
|
|
000000110ddd1rrr fmul a,a
|
|
000000111ddd0rrr fmuls a,a
|
|
000000111ddd1rrr fmulsu a,a
|
|
1001001ddddd0000 sts i,r
|
|
1001000ddddd0000 lds r,i
|
|
10o0oo0dddddbooo ldd r,b
|
|
100!000dddddee-+ ld r,e
|
|
10o0oo1rrrrrbooo std b,r
|
|
100!001rrrrree-+ st e,r
|
|
1001010100011001 eicall
|
|
1001010000011001 eijmp
|
|
@end smallexample
|