diff --git a/components/ItemGrid/GridItem.brs b/components/ItemGrid/GridItem.brs
index eb21f980..1576a68f 100644
--- a/components/ItemGrid/GridItem.brs
+++ b/components/ItemGrid/GridItem.brs
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ sub init()
     'Parent is MarkupGrid and it's parent is the ItemGrid
     m.topParent = m.top.GetParent().GetParent()
     'Get the imageDisplayMode for these grid items
-    if m.topParent.imageDisplayMode <> invalid
+    if isValid(m.topParent.imageDisplayMode)
         m.itemPoster.loadDisplayMode = m.topParent.imageDisplayMode
     end if
 
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ sub itemContentChanged()
         m.itemText.text = itemData.Title
     else if itemData.type = "Series"
         if get_user_setting("ui.tvshows.disableUnwatchedEpisodeCount", "false") = "false"
-            if itemData?.json?.UserData?.UnplayedItemCount <> invalid
+            if isValid(itemData.json) and isValid(itemData.json.UserData) and isValid(itemData.json.UserData.UnplayedItemCount)
                 if itemData.json.UserData.UnplayedItemCount > 0
                     m.unplayedCount.visible = true
                     m.unplayedEpisodeCount.text = itemData.json.UserData.UnplayedItemCount
@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ sub itemContentChanged()
 
         m.posterText.height = 200
         m.posterText.width = 280
-    else if itemData.json.type = "MusicAlbum"
+    else if isValid(itemData.json.type) and itemData.json.type = "MusicAlbum"
         m.itemPoster.uri = itemData.PosterUrl
         m.itemText.text = itemData.Title
 
diff --git a/components/ItemGrid/GridItem.xml b/components/ItemGrid/GridItem.xml
index 4b8b27ea..e534984c 100644
--- a/components/ItemGrid/GridItem.xml
+++ b/components/ItemGrid/GridItem.xml
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
 <component name="GridItem" extends="Group">
   <children>
     <maskGroup id="posterMask" maskUri="pkg:/images/postermask.png" scaleRotateCenter="[145, 212.5]" scale="[0.85,0.85]">
@@ -20,4 +20,5 @@
   </interface>
   <script type="text/brightscript" uri="GridItem.brs" />
   <script type="text/brightscript" uri="pkg:/source/utils/config.brs" />
-</component>
+  <script type="text/brightscript" uri="pkg:/source/utils/misc.brs" />
+</component>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/components/ItemGrid/LoadVideoContentTask.brs b/components/ItemGrid/LoadVideoContentTask.brs
index 7b9c4acf..7e26a28d 100644
--- a/components/ItemGrid/LoadVideoContentTask.brs
+++ b/components/ItemGrid/LoadVideoContentTask.brs
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ sub init()
     m.top.limit = 60
     usersettingLimit = get_user_setting("itemgrid.Limit")
 
-    if usersettingLimit <> invalid
+    if isValid(usersettingLimit)
         m.top.limit = usersettingLimit
     end if
 end sub
@@ -135,7 +135,7 @@ sub LoadItems_AddVideoContent(video, mediaSourceId, audio_stream_idx = 1, subtit
     if m.playbackInfo.MediaSources[0].MediaStreams.Count() > 0 and meta.live = false
         tryDirectPlay = get_user_setting("playback.tryDirect.h264ProfileLevel") = "true" and m.playbackInfo.MediaSources[0].MediaStreams[0].codec = "h264"
         tryDirectPlay = tryDirectPlay or (get_user_setting("playback.tryDirect.hevcProfileLevel") = "true" and m.playbackInfo.MediaSources[0].MediaStreams[0].codec = "hevc")
-        if tryDirectPlay and m.playbackInfo.MediaSources[0].TranscodingUrl <> invalid and forceTranscoding = false
+        if tryDirectPlay and isValid(m.playbackInfo.MediaSources[0].TranscodingUrl) and forceTranscoding = false
             transcodingReasons = getTranscodeReasons(m.playbackInfo.MediaSources[0].TranscodingUrl)
             if transcodingReasons.Count() = 1 and transcodingReasons[0] = "VideoLevelNotSupported"
                 video.directPlaySupported = true
@@ -262,7 +262,7 @@ end function
 
 function directPlaySupported(meta as object) as boolean
     devinfo = CreateObject("roDeviceInfo")
-    if meta.json.MediaSources[0] <> invalid and meta.json.MediaSources[0].SupportsDirectPlay = false
+    if isValid(meta.json.MediaSources[0]) and meta.json.MediaSources[0].SupportsDirectPlay = false
         return false
     end if
 
@@ -271,10 +271,10 @@ function directPlaySupported(meta as object) as boolean
     end if
 
     streamInfo = { Codec: meta.json.MediaStreams[0].codec }
-    if meta.json.MediaStreams[0].Profile <> invalid and meta.json.MediaStreams[0].Profile.len() > 0
+    if isValid(meta.json.MediaStreams[0].Profile) and meta.json.MediaStreams[0].Profile.len() > 0
         streamInfo.Profile = LCase(meta.json.MediaStreams[0].Profile)
     end if
-    if meta.json.MediaSources[0].container <> invalid and meta.json.MediaSources[0].container.len() > 0
+    if isValid(meta.json.MediaSources[0].container) and meta.json.MediaSources[0].container.len() > 0
         'CanDecodeVideo() requires the .container to be format: “mp4”, “hls”, “mkv”, “ism”, “dash”, “ts” if its to direct stream
         if meta.json.MediaSources[0].container = "mov"
             streamInfo.Container = "mp4"
@@ -333,12 +333,12 @@ sub autoPlayNextEpisode(videoID as string, showID as string)
         resp = APIRequest(url, urlParams)
         data = getJson(resp)
 
-        if data <> invalid and data.Items.Count() = 2
+        if isValid(data) and data.Items.Count() = 2
             ' setup new video node
             nextVideo = invalid
             ' remove last videoplayer scene
             m.global.sceneManager.callFunc("clearPreviousScene")
-            if nextVideo <> invalid
+            if isValid(nextVideo)
                 m.global.sceneManager.callFunc("pushScene", nextVideo)
             else
                 m.global.sceneManager.callFunc("popScene")
@@ -356,7 +356,7 @@ end sub
 ' In the future, with a custom playback info view, we can return an associated array.
 function GetPlaybackInfo()
     sessions = api_API().sessions.get()
-    if sessions <> invalid and sessions.Count() > 0
+    if isValid(sessions) and sessions.Count() > 0
         return GetTranscodingStats(sessions[0])
     end if
 
@@ -507,7 +507,7 @@ end function
 ' returns the server-side track index for the appriate subtitle
 function defaultSubtitleTrackFromVid(video_id) as integer
     meta = ItemMetaData(video_id)
-    if meta?.json?.mediaSources <> invalid
+    if isValid(meta) and isValid(meta.json) and isValid(meta.json.mediaSources)
         subtitles = sortSubtitles(meta.id, meta.json.MediaSources[0].MediaStreams)
         default_text_subs = defaultSubtitleTrack(subtitles["all"], true) ' Find correct subtitle track (forced text)
         if default_text_subs <> -1
@@ -608,7 +608,7 @@ function sortSubtitles(id as string, MediaStreams)
         if stream.type = "Subtitle"
 
             url = ""
-            if stream.DeliveryUrl <> invalid
+            if isValid(stream.DeliveryUrl)
                 url = buildURL(stream.DeliveryUrl)
             end if
 
diff --git a/components/ListPoster.brs b/components/ListPoster.brs
index 738d7402..a96fc9c1 100644
--- a/components/ListPoster.brs
+++ b/components/ListPoster.brs
@@ -18,9 +18,8 @@ sub init()
 end sub
 
 sub updateSize()
-
     image = invalid
-    if m.top.itemContent <> invalid and m.top.itemContent.image <> invalid
+    if isValid(m.top.itemContent) and isValid(m.top.itemContent.image)
         image = m.top.itemContent.image
     end if
 
@@ -49,7 +48,6 @@ sub updateSize()
 
     m.backdrop.width = m.poster.width
     m.backdrop.height = m.poster.height
-
 end sub
 
 sub itemContentChanged() as void
@@ -58,7 +56,7 @@ sub itemContentChanged() as void
     m.title.text = itemData.title
 
     if get_user_setting("ui.tvshows.disableUnwatchedEpisodeCount", "false") = "false"
-        if itemData?.json?.UserData?.UnplayedItemCount <> invalid
+        if isValid(itemData.json.UserData) and isValid(itemData.json.UserData.UnplayedItemCount)
             if itemData.json.UserData.UnplayedItemCount > 0
                 m.unplayedCount.visible = true
                 m.unplayedEpisodeCount.text = itemData.json.UserData.UnplayedItemCount
@@ -66,12 +64,11 @@ sub itemContentChanged() as void
         end if
     end if
 
-    if itemData.json.lookup("Type") = "Episode" and itemData.json.IndexNumber <> invalid
+    if itemData.json.lookup("Type") = "Episode" and isValid(itemData.json.IndexNumber)
         m.title.text = StrI(itemData.json.IndexNumber) + ". " + m.title.text
 
         m.series.text = itemData.json.Series
         m.series.visible = true
-
     else if itemData.json.lookup("Type") = "MusicAlbum"
         m.title.font = "font:SmallestSystemFont"
         m.staticTitle.font = "font:SmallestSystemFont"
@@ -83,8 +80,7 @@ sub itemContentChanged() as void
     imageUrl = itemData.posterURL
 
     if get_user_setting("ui.tvshows.blurunwatched") = "true"
-
-        if itemData.json.lookup("Type") = "Episode" and itemData.json.userdata <> invalid
+        if itemData.json.lookup("Type") = "Episode" and isValid(itemData.json.userdata)
             if not itemData.json.userdata.played
                 imageUrl = imageUrl + "&blur=15"
             end if
@@ -99,25 +95,21 @@ end sub
 '
 ' Enable title scrolling based on item Focus
 sub focusChanged()
-
     if m.top.itemHasFocus = true
         m.title.repeatCount = -1
         m.series.repeatCount = -1
         m.staticTitle.visible = false
         m.title.visible = true
-
         ' text to speech for accessibility
         if m.deviceInfo.IsAudioGuideEnabled() = true
             txt2Speech = CreateObject("roTextToSpeech")
             txt2Speech.Flush()
             txt2Speech.Say(m.title.text)
         end if
-
     else
         m.title.repeatCount = 0
         m.series.repeatCount = 0
         m.staticTitle.visible = true
         m.title.visible = false
     end if
-
 end sub
diff --git a/components/ListPoster.xml b/components/ListPoster.xml
index 55ae1285..c677371f 100644
--- a/components/ListPoster.xml
+++ b/components/ListPoster.xml
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
 <component name="ListPoster" extends="Group">
   <children>
     <Rectangle id="backdrop" />
@@ -12,10 +12,11 @@
     <Label id="staticTitle" horizAlign="center" font="font:SmallSystemFont" wrap="false" />
   </children>
   <interface>
-    <field id="itemContent" type="node" onChange="itemContentChanged"/>
+    <field id="itemContent" type="node" onChange="itemContentChanged" />
     <field id="itemWidth" type="integer" />
     <field id="itemHasFocus" type="boolean" onChange="focusChanged" />
   </interface>
   <script type="text/brightscript" uri="ListPoster.brs" />
   <script type="text/brightscript" uri="pkg:/source/utils/config.brs" />
-</component>
+  <script type="text/brightscript" uri="pkg:/source/utils/misc.brs" />
+</component>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/components/home/HomeItem.brs b/components/home/HomeItem.brs
index 98e501c1..1ec44c32 100644
--- a/components/home/HomeItem.brs
+++ b/components/home/HomeItem.brs
@@ -33,13 +33,13 @@ sub itemContentChanged()
 
     m.backdrop.width = itemData.imageWidth
 
-    if itemData.iconUrl <> invalid
+    if isValid(itemData.iconUrl)
         m.itemIcon.uri = itemData.iconUrl
     end if
 
     if LCase(itemData.type) = "series"
         if get_user_setting("ui.tvshows.disableUnwatchedEpisodeCount", "false") = "false"
-            if itemData?.json?.UserData?.UnplayedItemCount <> invalid
+            if isValid(itemData.json.UserData) and isValid(itemData.json.UserData.UnplayedItemCount)
                 if itemData.json.UserData.UnplayedItemCount > 0
                     m.unplayedCount.visible = true
                     m.unplayedEpisodeCount.text = itemData.json.UserData.UnplayedItemCount
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ sub itemContentChanged()
         end if
 
         ' Set Episode title if available
-        if itemData.json.EpisodeTitle <> invalid
+        if isValid(itemData.json.EpisodeTitle)
             m.itemTextExtra.text = itemData.json.EpisodeTitle
         end if
 
@@ -106,10 +106,10 @@ sub itemContentChanged()
 
         ' Set Series and Episode Number for Extra Text
         extraPrefix = ""
-        if itemData.json.ParentIndexNumber <> invalid
+        if isValid(itemData.json.ParentIndexNumber)
             extraPrefix = "S" + StrI(itemData.json.ParentIndexNumber).trim()
         end if
-        if itemData.json.IndexNumber <> invalid
+        if isValid(itemData.json.IndexNumber)
             extraPrefix = extraPrefix + "E" + StrI(itemData.json.IndexNumber).trim()
         end if
         if extraPrefix.len() > 0
@@ -136,10 +136,10 @@ sub itemContentChanged()
 
         ' Set Release Year and Age Rating for Extra Text
         textExtra = ""
-        if itemData.json.ProductionYear <> invalid
+        if isValid(itemData.json.ProductionYear)
             textExtra = StrI(itemData.json.ProductionYear).trim()
         end if
-        if itemData.json.OfficialRating <> invalid
+        if isValid(itemData.json.OfficialRating)
             if textExtra <> ""
                 textExtra = textExtra + " - " + itemData.json.OfficialRating
             else
@@ -181,14 +181,14 @@ sub itemContentChanged()
         end if
 
         textExtra = ""
-        if itemData.json.ProductionYear <> invalid
+        if isValid(itemData.json.ProductionYear)
             textExtra = StrI(itemData.json.ProductionYear).trim()
         end if
 
         ' Set Years Run for Extra Text
         if itemData.json.Status = "Continuing"
             textExtra = textExtra + " - Present"
-        else if itemData.json.Status = "Ended" and itemData.json.EndDate <> invalid
+        else if itemData.json.Status = "Ended" and isValid(itemData.json.EndDate)
             textExtra = textExtra + " - " + LEFT(itemData.json.EndDate, 4)
         end if
         m.itemTextExtra.text = textExtra
diff --git a/components/home/HomeItem.xml b/components/home/HomeItem.xml
index 74d9f064..90f5b3d9 100644
--- a/components/home/HomeItem.xml
+++ b/components/home/HomeItem.xml
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
 <component name="HomeItem" extends="Group">
   <children>
     <Rectangle id="backdrop" width="464" height="261" translation="[8,5]" />
@@ -26,4 +26,5 @@
   <script type="text/brightscript" uri="pkg:/source/api/Image.brs" />
   <script type="text/brightscript" uri="pkg:/source/api/baserequest.brs" />
   <script type="text/brightscript" uri="pkg:/source/utils/config.brs" />
+  <script type="text/brightscript" uri="pkg:/source/utils/misc.brs" />
 </component>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/components/home/HomeRows.brs b/components/home/HomeRows.brs
index 30250c9f..824a63f8 100644
--- a/components/home/HomeRows.brs
+++ b/components/home/HomeRows.brs
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ sub onLibrariesLoaded()
     m.LoadFavoritesTask.control = "RUN"
 
     ' validate library data
-    if m.libraryData <> invalid and m.libraryData.count() > 0
+    if isValid(m.libraryData) and m.libraryData.count() > 0
         userConfig = m.top.userConfig
 
         ' populate My Media row
@@ -163,7 +163,7 @@ sub updateFavoritesItems()
     rowIndex = getRowIndex("Favorites")
 
     if itemData.count() < 1
-        if rowIndex <> invalid
+        if isValid(rowIndex)
             ' remove the row
             deleteFromSizeArray(rowIndex)
             homeRows.removeChildIndex(rowIndex)
@@ -208,7 +208,7 @@ sub updateContinueItems()
     continueRowIndex = getRowIndex("Continue Watching")
 
     if itemData.count() < 1
-        if continueRowIndex <> invalid
+        if isValid(continueRowIndex)
             ' remove the row
             deleteFromSizeArray(continueRowIndex)
             homeRows.removeChildIndex(continueRowIndex)
@@ -219,7 +219,7 @@ sub updateContinueItems()
         row.title = tr("Continue Watching")
         itemSize = [464, 331]
         for each item in itemData
-            if item.json?.UserData?.PlayedPercentage <> invalid
+            if isValid(item.json) and isValid(item.json.UserData) and isValid(item.json.UserData.PlayedPercentage)
                 item.PlayedPercentage = item.json.UserData.PlayedPercentage
             end if
 
@@ -250,7 +250,7 @@ sub updateNextUpItems()
     nextUpRowIndex = getRowIndex("Next Up >")
 
     if itemData.count() < 1
-        if nextUpRowIndex <> invalid
+        if isValid(nextUpRowIndex)
             ' remove the row
             deleteFromSizeArray(nextUpRowIndex)
             homeRows.removeChildIndex(nextUpRowIndex)
@@ -269,7 +269,7 @@ sub updateNextUpItems()
         if nextUpRowIndex = invalid
             ' insert new row under "Continue Watching"
             continueRowIndex = getRowIndex("Continue Watching")
-            if continueRowIndex <> invalid
+            if isValid(continueRowIndex)
                 updateSizeArray(itemSize, continueRowIndex + 1)
                 homeRows.insertChild(row, continueRowIndex + 1)
             else
@@ -305,7 +305,7 @@ sub updateLatestItems(msg)
 
     if itemData.count() < 1
         ' remove row
-        if rowIndex <> invalid
+        if isValid(rowIndex)
             deleteFromSizeArray(rowIndex)
             homeRows.removeChildIndex(rowIndex)
         end if
@@ -355,7 +355,7 @@ sub updateOnNowItems()
     onNowRowIndex = getRowIndex("On Now")
 
     if itemData.count() < 1
-        if onNowRowIndex <> invalid
+        if isValid(onNowRowIndex)
             ' remove the row
             deleteFromSizeArray(onNowRowIndex)
             homeRows.removeChildIndex(onNowRowIndex)
@@ -409,11 +409,11 @@ sub updateSizeArray(rowItemSize, rowIndex = invalid, action = "insert")
                 newSizeArray.Push(rowItemSize)
             else if action = "insert"
                 newSizeArray.Push(rowItemSize)
-                if sizeArray[i] <> invalid
+                if isValid(sizeArray[i])
                     newSizeArray.Push(sizeArray[i])
                 end if
             end if
-        else if sizeArray[i] <> invalid
+        else if isValid(sizeArray[i])
             newSizeArray.Push(sizeArray[i])
         end if
     end for
@@ -433,7 +433,7 @@ function onKeyEvent(key as string, press as boolean) as boolean
     if press
         if key = "play"
             itemToPlay = m.top.content.getChild(m.top.rowItemFocused[0]).getChild(m.top.rowItemFocused[1])
-            if itemToPlay <> invalid and (itemToPlay.type = "Movie" or itemToPlay.type = "Episode")
+            if isValid(itemToPlay) and (itemToPlay.type = "Movie" or itemToPlay.type = "Episode")
                 m.top.quickPlayNode = itemToPlay
             end if
             handled = true
diff --git a/components/home/HomeRows.xml b/components/home/HomeRows.xml
index 159a1c34..c89caa8b 100644
--- a/components/home/HomeRows.xml
+++ b/components/home/HomeRows.xml
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
 <component name="HomeRows" extends="RowList">
   <interface>
     <field id="selectedItem" type="node" alwaysNotify="true" />
@@ -7,5 +7,6 @@
     <function name="updateHomeRows" />
     <function name="loadLibraries" />
   </interface>
-  <script type="text/brightscript" uri="HomeRows.brs"/>
-</component>
+  <script type="text/brightscript" uri="HomeRows.brs" />
+  <script type="text/brightscript" uri="pkg:/source/utils/misc.brs" />
+</component>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/components/manager/QueueManager.brs b/components/manager/QueueManager.brs
index ed286421..657f2da2 100644
--- a/components/manager/QueueManager.brs
+++ b/components/manager/QueueManager.brs
@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ sub init()
     m.position = 0
 end sub
 
-'
 ' Clear all content from play queue
 sub clear()
     m.queue = []
@@ -12,72 +11,52 @@ sub clear()
     setPosition(0)
 end sub
 
-
-'
 ' Delete item from play queue at passed index
 sub deleteAtIndex(index)
     m.queue.Delete(index)
     m.queueTypes.Delete(index)
 end sub
 
-
-'
 ' Return the number of items in the play queue
 function getCount()
     return m.queue.count()
 end function
 
-
-'
 ' Return the item currently in focus from the play queue
 function getCurrentItem()
     return getItemByIndex(m.position)
 end function
 
-
-'
 ' Return the item in the passed index from the play queue
 function getItemByIndex(index)
     return m.queue[index]
 end function
 
-
-'
 ' Returns current playback position within the queue
 function getPosition()
     return m.position
 end function
 
-
-'
 ' Move queue position back one
 sub moveBack()
     m.position--
 end sub
 
-
-'
 ' Move queue position ahead one
 sub moveForward()
     m.position++
 end sub
 
-
-'
 ' Return the current play queue
 function getQueue()
     return m.queue
 end function
 
-
-'
 ' Return the types of items in current play queue
 function getQueueTypes()
     return m.queueTypes
 end function
 
-
-'
 ' Return the unique types of items in current play queue
 function getQueueUniqueTypes()
     itemTypes = []
@@ -91,15 +70,11 @@ function getQueueUniqueTypes()
     return itemTypes
 end function
 
-
-'
 ' Return item at end of play queue without removing
 function peek()
     return m.queue.peek()
 end function
 
-
-'
 ' Play items in queue
 sub playQueue()
     nextItem = getCurrentItem()
@@ -116,37 +91,28 @@ sub playQueue()
     end if
 end sub
 
-
-'
 ' Remove item at end of play queue
 sub pop()
     m.queue.pop()
     m.queueTypes.pop()
 end sub
 
-
-'
 ' Push new items to the play queue
 sub push(newItem)
     m.queue.push(newItem)
     m.queueTypes.push(getItemType(newItem))
 end sub
 
-'
 ' Set the queue position
 sub setPosition(newPosition)
     m.position = newPosition
 end sub
 
-
-'
 ' Return the fitst item in the play queue
 function top()
     return getItemByIndex(0)
 end function
 
-
-'
 ' Replace play queue with passed array
 sub set(items)
     setPosition(0)
@@ -157,10 +123,9 @@ sub set(items)
 end sub
 
 function getItemType(item) as string
-
-    if isValid(item?.json?.mediatype) and item.json.mediatype <> ""
+    if isValid(item) and isValid(item.json) and isValid(item.json.mediatype) and item.json.mediatype <> ""
         return LCase(item.json.mediatype)
-    else if isValid(item?.type) and item.type <> ""
+    else if isValid(item) and isValid(item.type) and item.type <> ""
         return LCase(item.type)
     end if
 
diff --git a/components/manager/ViewCreator.brs b/components/manager/ViewCreator.brs
index 42532887..1b722311 100644
--- a/components/manager/ViewCreator.brs
+++ b/components/manager/ViewCreator.brs
@@ -1,7 +1,3 @@
-'
-' View Creators
-' ----------------
-
 ' Play Audio
 sub CreateAudioPlayerView()
     m.view = CreateObject("roSGNode", "AudioPlayerView")
@@ -26,14 +22,12 @@ sub CreateVideoPlayerView()
     m.global.sceneManager.callFunc("pushScene", m.view)
 end sub
 
-
-'
+' -----------------
 ' Event Handlers
 ' -----------------
 
 ' User requested subtitle selection popup
 sub onSelectSubtitlePressed()
-
     ' None is always first in the subtitle list
     subtitleData = {
         data: [{ "description": "None", "type": "subtitleselection" }]
@@ -80,9 +74,8 @@ end sub
 
 ' User requested playback info
 sub onSelectPlaybackInfoPressed()
-
     ' Check if we already have playback info and show it in a popup
-    if isValid(m.playbackData?.playbackinfo)
+    if isValid(m.playbackData) and isValid(m.playbackData.playbackinfo)
         m.global.sceneManager.callFunc("standardDialog", tr("Playback Info"), m.playbackData.playbackinfo)
         return
     end if
@@ -95,12 +88,11 @@ sub onPlaybackInfoLoaded()
     m.playbackData = m.getPlaybackInfoTask.data
 
     ' Check if we have playback info and show it in a popup
-    if isValid(m.playbackData?.playbackinfo)
+    if isValid(m.playbackData) and isValid(m.playbackData.playbackinfo)
         m.global.sceneManager.callFunc("standardDialog", tr("Playback Info"), m.playbackData.playbackinfo)
     end if
 end sub
 
-
 ' Playback state change event handlers
 sub onStateChange()
     if LCase(m.view.state) = "finished"
diff --git a/components/tvshows/TVEpisodes.brs b/components/tvshows/TVEpisodes.brs
index 470a9f4c..f52e695c 100644
--- a/components/tvshows/TVEpisodes.brs
+++ b/components/tvshows/TVEpisodes.brs
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ end sub
 
 sub updateSeason()
     if get_user_setting("ui.tvshows.disableUnwatchedEpisodeCount", "false") = "false"
-        if m.top.seasonData?.UserData?.UnplayedItemCount <> invalid
+        if isValid(m.top.seasonData) and isValid(m.top.seasonData.UserData) and isValid(m.top.seasonData.UserData.UnplayedItemCount)
             if m.top.seasonData.UserData.UnplayedItemCount > 0
                 m.unplayedCount.visible = true
                 m.unplayedEpisodeCount.text = m.top.seasonData.UserData.UnplayedItemCount
@@ -57,7 +57,6 @@ function onKeyEvent(key as string, press as boolean) as boolean
         return true
     end if
 
-
     if key = "OK" or key = "play"
         if m.Random.hasFocus()
             randomEpisode = Rnd(m.rows.getChild(0).objects.items.count()) - 1
@@ -81,7 +80,6 @@ function onKeyEvent(key as string, press as boolean) as boolean
         end if
     end if
 
-
     focusedChild = m.top.focusedChild.focusedChild
     if focusedChild.content = invalid then return handled
 
@@ -94,7 +92,7 @@ function onKeyEvent(key as string, press as boolean) as boolean
     if press and key = "play" or proceed = true
         m.top.lastFocus = focusedChild
         itemToPlay = focusedChild.content.getChild(focusedChild.rowItemFocused[0]).getChild(0)
-        if itemToPlay <> invalid and itemToPlay.id <> ""
+        if isValid(itemToPlay) and isValid(itemToPlay.id) and itemToPlay.id <> ""
             itemToPlay.type = "Episode"
             m.top.quickPlayNode = itemToPlay
         end if
diff --git a/components/tvshows/TVEpisodes.xml b/components/tvshows/TVEpisodes.xml
index 44784828..a5e21fdd 100644
--- a/components/tvshows/TVEpisodes.xml
+++ b/components/tvshows/TVEpisodes.xml
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
 <component name="TVEpisodes" extends="JFGroup">
   <children>
     <Poster id="seasonPoster" width="300" height="450" translation="[95,175]">
@@ -20,4 +20,5 @@
   <script type="text/brightscript" uri="pkg:/source/api/Image.brs" />
   <script type="text/brightscript" uri="pkg:/source/api/baserequest.brs" />
   <script type="text/brightscript" uri="pkg:/source/utils/config.brs" />
-</component>
+  <script type="text/brightscript" uri="pkg:/source/utils/misc.brs" />
+</component>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/components/tvshows/TVListDetails.brs b/components/tvshows/TVListDetails.brs
index f92724e9..da2febc7 100644
--- a/components/tvshows/TVListDetails.brs
+++ b/components/tvshows/TVListDetails.brs
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ end sub
 sub itemContentChanged()
     item = m.top.itemContent
     itemData = item.json
-    if itemData.indexNumber <> invalid
+    if isValid(itemData.indexNumber)
         indexNumber = itemData.indexNumber.toStr() + ". "
     else
         indexNumber = ""
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ sub itemContentChanged()
     m.title.text = indexNumber + item.title
     m.overview.text = item.overview
 
-    if itemData.PremiereDate <> invalid
+    if isValid(itemData.PremiereDate)
         airDate = CreateObject("roDateTime")
         airDate.FromISO8601String(itemData.PremiereDate)
         m.top.findNode("aired").text = tr("Aired") + ": " + airDate.AsDateString("short-month-no-weekday")
@@ -70,12 +70,12 @@ sub itemContentChanged()
     end if
 
     ' Add checkmark in corner (if applicable)
-    if isValid(itemData?.UserData?.Played) and itemData.UserData.Played = true
+    if isValid(itemData.UserData) and isValid(itemData.UserData.Played) and itemData.UserData.Played = true
         m.playedIndicator.visible = true
     end if
 
     ' Add progress bar on bottom (if applicable)
-    if isValid(itemData?.UserData?.PlayedPercentage) and itemData?.UserData?.PlayedPercentage > 0
+    if isValid(itemData.UserData) and isValid(itemData.UserData.PlayedPercentage) and itemData.UserData.PlayedPercentage > 0
         m.progressBackground.width = m.poster.width
         m.progressBackground.visible = true
         progressWidthInPixels = int(m.progressBackground.width * itemData.UserData.PlayedPercentage / 100)
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ sub itemContentChanged()
     videoIdx = invalid
     audioIdx = invalid
 
-    if itemData.MediaStreams <> invalid
+    if isValid(itemData.MediaStreams)
         for i = 0 to itemData.MediaStreams.Count() - 1
             if itemData.MediaStreams[i].Type = "Video" and videoIdx = invalid
                 videoIdx = i
@@ -99,12 +99,12 @@ sub itemContentChanged()
                 end if
                 m.top.findNode("audio_codec").text = tr("Audio") + ": " + itemData.mediaStreams[audioIdx].DisplayTitle
             end if
-            if videoIdx <> invalid and audioIdx <> invalid then exit for
+            if isValid(videoIdx) and isValid(audioIdx) then exit for
         end for
     end if
 
-    m.top.findNode("video_codec").visible = videoIdx <> invalid
-    if audioIdx <> invalid
+    m.top.findNode("video_codec").visible = isValid(videoIdx)
+    if isValid(audioIdx)
         m.top.findNode("audio_codec").visible = true
         DisplayAudioAvailable(itemData.mediaStreams)
     else
@@ -113,7 +113,6 @@ sub itemContentChanged()
 end sub
 
 sub DisplayAudioAvailable(streams)
-
     count = 0
     for i = 0 to streams.Count() - 1
         if streams[i].Type = "Audio"
@@ -124,7 +123,6 @@ sub DisplayAudioAvailable(streams)
     if count > 1
         m.top.findnode("audio_codec_count").text = "+" + stri(count - 1).trim()
     end if
-
 end sub
 
 function getRuntime() as integer
diff --git a/components/tvshows/TVShowDetails.brs b/components/tvshows/TVShowDetails.brs
index 3db1152b..516f49b2 100644
--- a/components/tvshows/TVShowDetails.brs
+++ b/components/tvshows/TVShowDetails.brs
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ sub itemContentChanged()
     itemData = item.json
 
     if get_user_setting("ui.tvshows.disableUnwatchedEpisodeCount", "false") = "false"
-        if itemData?.UserData?.UnplayedItemCount <> invalid
+        if isValid(itemData.UserData) and isValid(itemData.UserData.UnplayedItemCount)
             if itemData.UserData.UnplayedItemCount > 0
                 m.unplayedCount.visible = true
                 m.unplayedEpisodeCount.text = itemData.UserData.UnplayedItemCount
@@ -31,21 +31,21 @@ sub itemContentChanged()
     m.top.overhangTitle = itemData.name
 
     'Check production year, if invalid remove label
-    if itemData.productionYear <> invalid
+    if isValid(itemData.productionYear)
         setFieldText("releaseYear", itemData.productionYear)
     else
         m.top.findNode("main_group").removeChild(m.top.findNode("releaseYear"))
     end if
 
     'Check officialRating, if invalid remove label
-    if itemData.officialRating <> invalid
+    if isValid(itemData.officialRating)
         setFieldText("officialRating", itemData.officialRating)
     else
         m.top.findNode("main_group").removeChild(m.top.findNode("officialRating"))
     end if
 
     'Check communityRating, if invalid remove label
-    if itemData.communityRating <> invalid
+    if isValid(itemData.communityRating)
         m.top.findNode("star").visible = true
         setFieldText("communityRating", int(itemData.communityRating * 10) / 10)
     else
@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ function getHistory() as string
 
     airdays = itemData.airdays
     airtime = itemData.airtime
-    if airtime <> invalid and airdays.count() = 1
+    if isValid(airtime) and airdays.count() = 1
         airwords = airdays[0] + " at " + airtime
     end if
 
@@ -148,10 +148,10 @@ function getHistory() as string
     end if
 
     words = verb
-    if airwords <> invalid
+    if isValid(airwords)
         words = words + " " + airwords
     end if
-    if studio <> invalid
+    if isValid(studio)
         words = words + " on " + studio
     end if
 
diff --git a/source/VideoPlayer.brs b/source/VideoPlayer.brs
index 81233243..4d7812ef 100644
--- a/source/VideoPlayer.brs
+++ b/source/VideoPlayer.brs
@@ -31,10 +31,10 @@ sub AddVideoContent(video, mediaSourceId, audio_stream_idx = 1, subtitle_idx = -
 
     ' Special handling for "Programs" or "Vidoes" launched from "On Now" or elsewhere on the home screen...
     ' basically anything that is a Live Channel.
-    if isValid(meta?.json?.ChannelId)
-        if meta.json.EpisodeTitle <> invalid
+    if isValid(meta.json) and isValid(meta.json.ChannelId)
+        if isValid(meta.json.EpisodeTitle)
             meta.title = meta.json.EpisodeTitle
-        else if meta.json.Name <> invalid
+        else if isValid(meta.json.Name)
             meta.title = meta.json.Name
         end if
         meta.showID = meta.json.id
@@ -243,11 +243,9 @@ sub AddVideoContent(video, mediaSourceId, audio_stream_idx = 1, subtitle_idx = -
     video.content.SubtitleTracks = subtitles["text"]
 
     ' 'TODO: allow user selection of subtitle track before playback initiated, for now set to no subtitles
-
     video.directPlaySupported = m.playbackInfo.MediaSources[0].SupportsDirectPlay
     fully_external = false
 
-
     ' For h264/hevc video, Roku spec states that it supports specfic encoding levels
     ' The device can decode content with a Higher Encoding level but may play it back with certain
     ' artifacts. If the user preference is set, and the only reason the server says we need to
@@ -256,7 +254,7 @@ sub AddVideoContent(video, mediaSourceId, audio_stream_idx = 1, subtitle_idx = -
     if m.playbackInfo.MediaSources[0].MediaStreams.Count() > 0 and meta.live = false
         tryDirectPlay = get_user_setting("playback.tryDirect.h264ProfileLevel") = "true" and m.playbackInfo.MediaSources[0].MediaStreams[0].codec = "h264"
         tryDirectPlay = tryDirectPlay or (get_user_setting("playback.tryDirect.hevcProfileLevel") = "true" and m.playbackInfo.MediaSources[0].MediaStreams[0].codec = "hevc")
-        if tryDirectPlay and m.playbackInfo.MediaSources[0].TranscodingUrl <> invalid and forceTranscoding = false
+        if tryDirectPlay and isValid(m.playbackInfo.MediaSources[0].TranscodingUrl) and forceTranscoding = false
             transcodingReasons = getTranscodeReasons(m.playbackInfo.MediaSources[0].TranscodingUrl)
             if transcodingReasons.Count() = 1 and transcodingReasons[0] = "VideoLevelNotSupported"
                 video.directPlaySupported = true
@@ -324,7 +322,6 @@ end sub
 function PlayIntroVideo(video_id, audio_stream_idx) as boolean
     ' Intro videos only play if user has cinema mode setting enabled
     if get_user_setting("playback.cinemamode") = "true"
-
         ' Check if server has intro videos setup and available
         introVideos = GetIntroVideos(video_id)
 
@@ -362,7 +359,6 @@ end function
 ' Extract array of Transcode Reasons from the content URL
 ' @returns Array of Strings
 function getTranscodeReasons(url as string) as object
-
     regex = CreateObject("roRegex", "&TranscodeReasons=([^&]*)", "")
     match = regex.Match(url)
 
@@ -384,19 +380,18 @@ end function
 
 function directPlaySupported(meta as object) as boolean
     devinfo = CreateObject("roDeviceInfo")
-    if meta.json.MediaSources[0] <> invalid and meta.json.MediaSources[0].SupportsDirectPlay = false
+    if isValid(meta.json.MediaSources[0]) and meta.json.MediaSources[0].SupportsDirectPlay = false
         return false
     end if
-
-    if meta.json.MediaStreams[0] = invalid
+    if not isValid(meta.json.MediaSources[0])
         return false
     end if
 
     streamInfo = { Codec: meta.json.MediaStreams[0].codec }
-    if meta.json.MediaStreams[0].Profile <> invalid and meta.json.MediaStreams[0].Profile.len() > 0
+    if isValid(meta.json.MediaStreams[0].Profile) and meta.json.MediaStreams[0].Profile.len() > 0
         streamInfo.Profile = LCase(meta.json.MediaStreams[0].Profile)
     end if
-    if meta.json.MediaSources[0].container <> invalid and meta.json.MediaSources[0].container.len() > 0
+    if isValid(meta.json.MediaSources[0].container) and meta.json.MediaSources[0].container.len() > 0
         'CanDecodeVideo() requires the .container to be format: “mp4”, “hls”, “mkv”, “ism”, “dash”, “ts” if its to direct stream
         if meta.json.MediaSources[0].container = "mov"
             streamInfo.Container = "mp4"
@@ -406,8 +401,7 @@ function directPlaySupported(meta as object) as boolean
     end if
 
     decodeResult = devinfo.CanDecodeVideo(streamInfo)
-    return decodeResult <> invalid and decodeResult.result
-
+    return isValid(decodeResult) and decodeResult.result
 end function
 
 function getContainerType(meta as object) as string
@@ -455,12 +449,12 @@ sub autoPlayNextEpisode(videoID as string, showID as string)
         resp = APIRequest(url, urlParams)
         data = getJson(resp)
 
-        if data <> invalid and data.Items.Count() = 2
+        if isValid(data) and data.Items.Count() = 2
             ' setup new video node
             nextVideo = CreateVideoPlayerGroup(data.Items[1].Id, invalid, 1, false, false)
             ' remove last videoplayer scene
             m.global.sceneManager.callFunc("clearPreviousScene")
-            if nextVideo <> invalid
+            if isValid(nextVideo)
                 m.global.sceneManager.callFunc("pushScene", nextVideo)
             else
                 m.global.sceneManager.callFunc("popScene")
@@ -478,7 +472,7 @@ end sub
 ' In the future, with a custom playback info view, we can return an associated array.
 function GetPlaybackInfo()
     sessions = api_API().sessions.get()
-    if sessions <> invalid and sessions.Count() > 0
+    if isValid(sessions) and sessions.Count() > 0
         return GetTranscodingStats(sessions[0])
     end if
 
diff --git a/source/api/Items.brs b/source/api/Items.brs
index 21e0cb97..9b24adcc 100644
--- a/source/api/Items.brs
+++ b/source/api/Items.brs
@@ -38,7 +38,6 @@ function searchMedia(query as string)
     ' This appears to be done differently on the web now
     ' For each potential type, a separate query is done:
     ' varying item types, and artists, and people
-
     if query <> ""
         resp = APIRequest(Substitute("Search/Hints", get_setting("active_user")), {
             "searchTerm": query,
@@ -55,7 +54,6 @@ function searchMedia(query as string)
             "limit": 100
         })
 
-
         data = getJson(resp)
         results = []
         for each item in data.SearchHints
@@ -79,7 +77,7 @@ function ItemMetaData(id as string)
 
     imgParams = {}
     if data.type <> "Audio"
-        if data?.UserData?.PlayedPercentage <> invalid
+        if data.UserData <> invalid and data.UserData.PlayedPercentage <> invalid
             param = { "PercentPlayed": data.UserData.PlayedPercentage }
             imgParams.Append(param)
         end if
diff --git a/source/utils/Subtitles.brs b/source/utils/Subtitles.brs
index 30c755e3..0a766fed 100644
--- a/source/utils/Subtitles.brs
+++ b/source/utils/Subtitles.brs
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ end function
 ' returns the server-side track index for the appriate subtitle
 function defaultSubtitleTrackFromVid(video_id) as integer
     meta = ItemMetaData(video_id)
-    if meta?.json?.mediaSources <> invalid
+    if isValid(meta) and isValid(meta.json) and isValid(meta.json.mediaSources)
         subtitles = sortSubtitles(meta.id, meta.json.MediaSources[0].MediaStreams)
         default_text_subs = defaultSubtitleTrack(subtitles["all"], true) ' Find correct subtitle track (forced text)
         if default_text_subs <> -1
@@ -130,7 +130,7 @@ function selectSubtitleTrackDialog(tracks, currentTrack = -1)
         default = ""
         if item.IsForced then forced = " [Forced]"
         if item.IsDefault then default = " - Default"
-        if item.Track.Language <> invalid
+        if isValid(item.Track.Language)
             language = iso6392.lookup(item.Track.Language)
             if language = invalid then language = item.Track.Language
         else
@@ -157,7 +157,7 @@ sub changeSubtitleDuringPlayback(newid)
     currentSubtitles = video.Subtitles[video.SelectedSubtitle]
     newSubtitles = video.Subtitles[newid]
 
-    if newSubtitles.IsEncoded or (currentSubtitles <> invalid and currentSubtitles.IsEncoded)
+    if newSubtitles.IsEncoded or (isValid(currentSubtitles) and currentSubtitles.IsEncoded)
         ' With encoded subtitles we need to stop/start playback
         video.control = "stop"
         AddVideoContent(video, video.mediaSourceId, video.audioIndex, newSubtitles.Index, video.position * 10000000)
@@ -195,7 +195,7 @@ function sortSubtitles(id as string, MediaStreams)
         if stream.type = "Subtitle"
 
             url = ""
-            if stream.DeliveryUrl <> invalid
+            if isValid(stream.DeliveryUrl)
                 url = buildURL(stream.DeliveryUrl)
             end if
 
diff --git a/source/utils/misc.brs b/source/utils/misc.brs
index 187f3b62..5cb7272c 100644
--- a/source/utils/misc.brs
+++ b/source/utils/misc.brs
@@ -91,19 +91,23 @@ function get_dialog_result(dialog, port)
 end function
 
 function lastFocusedChild(obj as object) as object
-    if LCase(obj.focusedChild.focusedChild.subType()) = "tvepisodes"
-        if isValid(obj?.focusedChild?.focusedChild?.lastFocus)
-            return obj.focusedChild.focusedChild.lastFocus
+    if isValid(obj)
+        if isValid(obj.focusedChild) and isValid(obj.focusedChild.focusedChild) and LCase(obj.focusedChild.focusedChild.subType()) = "tvepisodes"
+            if isValid(obj.focusedChild.focusedChild.lastFocus)
+                return obj.focusedChild.focusedChild.lastFocus
+            end if
         end if
-    end if
 
-    child = obj
-    for i = 0 to obj.getChildCount()
-        if obj.focusedChild <> invalid
-            child = child.focusedChild
-        end if
-    end for
-    return child
+        child = obj
+        for i = 0 to obj.getChildCount()
+            if isValid(obj.focusedChild)
+                child = child.focusedChild
+            end if
+        end for
+        return child
+    else
+        return invalid
+    end if
 end function
 
 function show_dialog(message as string, options = [], defaultSelection = 0) as integer
@@ -348,7 +352,7 @@ sub stopLoadingSpinner()
     if isValid(m.spinner)
         m.spinner.visible = false
     end if
-    if isValid(m.scene?.dialog)
+    if isValid(m.scene) and isValid(m.scene.dialog)
         m.scene.dialog.close = true
     end if
 end sub