RetroArch/gfx/common/d3d12_common.c

/*  RetroArch - A frontend for libretro.
 *  Copyright (C) 2014-2018 - Ali Bouhlel
 *  Copyright (C) 2016-2019 - Brad Parker
 *
 *  RetroArch is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms
 *  of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Found-
 *  ation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
 *
 *  RetroArch is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY;
 *  without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
 *  PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for more details.
 *
 *  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with RetroArch.
 *  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */

#define CINTERFACE
#define COBJMACROS

#include <boolean.h>

#include "d3d_common.h"
#include "d3d12_common.h"
#include "dxgi_common.h"
#include "d3dcompiler_common.h"

#include "../verbosity.h"
#include "../../configuration.h"

#if defined(HAVE_DYLIB) && !defined(__WINRT__)
#include <dynamic/dylib.h>
#endif

#include <encodings/utf.h>
#include <lists/string_list.h>
#include <dxgi.h>

#ifdef __MINGW32__
#if __GNUC__ < 12
/* clang-format off */
#ifdef __cplusplus
#define DEFINE_GUIDW(name, l, w1, w2, b1, b2, b3, b4, b5, b6, b7, b8) EXTERN_C const GUID DECLSPEC_SELECTANY name = { l, w1, w2, { b1, b2, b3, b4, b5, b6, b7, b8 } }
#else
#define DEFINE_GUIDW(name, l, w1, w2, b1, b2, b3, b4, b5, b6, b7, b8) const GUID DECLSPEC_SELECTANY name = { l, w1, w2, { b1, b2, b3, b4, b5, b6, b7, b8 } }
#endif

DEFINE_GUIDW(IID_ID3D12PipelineState, 0x765a30f3, 0xf624, 0x4c6f, 0xa8, 0x28, 0xac, 0xe9, 0x48, 0x62, 0x24, 0x45);
DEFINE_GUIDW(IID_ID3D12RootSignature, 0xc54a6b66, 0x72df, 0x4ee8, 0x8b, 0xe5, 0xa9, 0x46, 0xa1, 0x42, 0x92, 0x14);
DEFINE_GUIDW(IID_ID3D12Resource, 0x696442be, 0xa72e, 0x4059, 0xbc, 0x79, 0x5b, 0x5c, 0x98, 0x04, 0x0f, 0xad);
DEFINE_GUIDW(IID_ID3D12CommandAllocator, 0x6102dee4, 0xaf59, 0x4b09, 0xb9, 0x99, 0xb4, 0x4d, 0x73, 0xf0, 0x9b, 0x24);
DEFINE_GUIDW(IID_ID3D12Fence, 0x0a753dcf, 0xc4d8, 0x4b91, 0xad, 0xf6, 0xbe, 0x5a, 0x60, 0xd9, 0x5a, 0x76);
DEFINE_GUIDW(IID_ID3D12DescriptorHeap, 0x8efb471d, 0x616c, 0x4f49, 0x90, 0xf7, 0x12, 0x7b, 0xb7, 0x63, 0xfa, 0x51);
DEFINE_GUIDW(IID_ID3D12GraphicsCommandList, 0x5b160d0f, 0xac1b, 0x4185, 0x8b, 0xa8, 0xb3, 0xae, 0x42, 0xa5, 0xa4, 0x55);
DEFINE_GUIDW(IID_ID3D12CommandQueue, 0x0ec870a6, 0x5d7e, 0x4c22, 0x8c, 0xfc, 0x5b, 0xaa, 0xe0, 0x76, 0x16, 0xed);
DEFINE_GUIDW(IID_ID3D12Device, 0x189819f1, 0x1db6, 0x4b57, 0xbe, 0x54, 0x18, 0x21, 0x33, 0x9b, 0x85, 0xf7);
DEFINE_GUIDW(IID_ID3D12Object, 0xc4fec28f, 0x7966, 0x4e95, 0x9f, 0x94, 0xf4, 0x31, 0xcb, 0x56, 0xc3, 0xb8);
DEFINE_GUIDW(IID_ID3D12DeviceChild, 0x905db94b, 0xa00c, 0x4140, 0x9d, 0xf5, 0x2b, 0x64, 0xca, 0x9e, 0xa3, 0x57);
DEFINE_GUIDW(IID_ID3D12RootSignatureDeserializer, 0x34AB647B, 0x3CC8, 0x46AC, 0x84, 0x1B, 0xC0, 0x96, 0x56, 0x45, 0xC0, 0x46);
DEFINE_GUIDW(IID_ID3D12Pageable, 0x63ee58fb, 0x1268, 0x4835, 0x86, 0xda, 0xf0, 0x08, 0xce, 0x62, 0xf0, 0xd6);
DEFINE_GUIDW(IID_ID3D12Heap, 0x6b3b2502, 0x6e51, 0x45b3, 0x90, 0xee, 0x98, 0x84, 0x26, 0x5e, 0x8d, 0xf3);
DEFINE_GUIDW(IID_ID3D12QueryHeap, 0x0d9658ae, 0xed45, 0x469e, 0xa6, 0x1d, 0x97, 0x0e, 0xc5, 0x83, 0xca, 0xb4);
DEFINE_GUIDW(IID_ID3D12CommandSignature, 0xc36a797c, 0xec80, 0x4f0a, 0x89, 0x85, 0xa7, 0xb2, 0x47, 0x50, 0x82, 0xd1);
DEFINE_GUIDW(IID_ID3D12CommandList, 0x7116d91c, 0xe7e4, 0x47ce, 0xb8, 0xc6, 0xec, 0x81, 0x68, 0xf4, 0x37, 0xe5);
DEFINE_GUIDW(IID_ID3D12PipelineLibrary, 0xc64226a8, 0x9201, 0x46af, 0xb4, 0xcc, 0x53, 0xfb, 0x9f, 0xf7, 0x41, 0x4f);
DEFINE_GUIDW(IID_ID3D12Device1, 0x77acce80, 0x638e, 0x4e65, 0x88, 0x95, 0xc1, 0xf2, 0x33, 0x86, 0x86, 0x3e);
#ifdef DEBUG
DEFINE_GUIDW(IID_ID3D12Debug, 0x344488b7, 0x6846, 0x474b, 0xb9, 0x89, 0xf0, 0x27, 0x44, 0x82, 0x45, 0xe0);
DEFINE_GUIDW(IID_ID3D12Debug1, 0xaffaa4ca, 0x63fe, 0x4d8e, 0xb8, 0xad, 0x15, 0x90, 0x00, 0xaf, 0x43, 0x04);
DEFINE_GUIDW(IID_ID3D12DebugDevice1, 0xa9b71770, 0xd099, 0x4a65, 0xa6, 0x98, 0x3d, 0xee, 0x10, 0x02, 0x0f, 0x88);
DEFINE_GUIDW(IID_ID3D12DebugDevice, 0x3febd6dd, 0x4973, 0x4787, 0x81, 0x94, 0xe4, 0x5f, 0x9e, 0x28, 0x92, 0x3e);
DEFINE_GUIDW(IID_ID3D12DebugCommandQueue, 0x09e0bf36, 0x54ac, 0x484f, 0x88, 0x47, 0x4b, 0xae, 0xea, 0xb6, 0x05, 0x3a);
DEFINE_GUIDW(IID_ID3D12DebugCommandList1, 0x102ca951, 0x311b, 0x4b01, 0xb1, 0x1f, 0xec, 0xb8, 0x3e, 0x06, 0x1b, 0x37);
DEFINE_GUIDW(IID_ID3D12DebugCommandList, 0x09e0bf36, 0x54ac, 0x484f, 0x88, 0x47, 0x4b, 0xae, 0xea, 0xb6, 0x05, 0x3f);
#endif
/* clang-format on */
#endif
#endif

#if defined(HAVE_DYLIB) && !defined(__WINRT__)
static dylib_t     d3d12_dll;

HRESULT WINAPI D3D12CreateDevice(
      IUnknown* pAdapter, D3D_FEATURE_LEVEL MinimumFeatureLevel, REFIID riid, void** ppDevice)
{
   static PFN_D3D12_CREATE_DEVICE fp;
   if (!d3d12_dll)
      if (!(d3d12_dll = dylib_load("d3d12.dll")))
         return TYPE_E_CANTLOADLIBRARY;
   if (!fp)
      if (!(fp = (PFN_D3D12_CREATE_DEVICE)dylib_proc(d3d12_dll,
                  "D3D12CreateDevice")))
         return TYPE_E_DLLFUNCTIONNOTFOUND;
   return fp(pAdapter, MinimumFeatureLevel, riid, ppDevice);
}

HRESULT WINAPI D3D12GetDebugInterface(REFIID riid, void** ppvDebug)
{
   static PFN_D3D12_GET_DEBUG_INTERFACE fp;
   if (!d3d12_dll)
      if (!(d3d12_dll = dylib_load("d3d12.dll")))
         return TYPE_E_CANTLOADLIBRARY;
   if (!fp)
      if (!(fp = (PFN_D3D12_GET_DEBUG_INTERFACE)dylib_proc(d3d12_dll,
                  "D3D12GetDebugInterface")))
         return TYPE_E_DLLFUNCTIONNOTFOUND;
   return fp(riid, ppvDebug);
}

HRESULT WINAPI D3D12SerializeRootSignature(
      const D3D12_ROOT_SIGNATURE_DESC* pRootSignature,
      D3D_ROOT_SIGNATURE_VERSION       Version,
      ID3DBlob**                       ppBlob,
      ID3DBlob**                       ppErrorBlob)
{
   static PFN_D3D12_SERIALIZE_ROOT_SIGNATURE fp;
   if (!d3d12_dll)
      if (!(d3d12_dll = dylib_load("d3d12.dll")))
         return TYPE_E_CANTLOADLIBRARY;
   if (!fp)
      if (!(fp = (PFN_D3D12_SERIALIZE_ROOT_SIGNATURE)dylib_proc(d3d12_dll,
                  "D3D12SerializeRootSignature")))
         return TYPE_E_DLLFUNCTIONNOTFOUND;
   return fp(pRootSignature, Version, ppBlob, ppErrorBlob);
}

HRESULT WINAPI D3D12SerializeVersionedRootSignature(
      const D3D12_VERSIONED_ROOT_SIGNATURE_DESC* pRootSignature,
      ID3DBlob**                                 ppBlob,
      ID3DBlob**                                 ppErrorBlob)
{
   static PFN_D3D12_SERIALIZE_VERSIONED_ROOT_SIGNATURE fp;
   if (!d3d12_dll)
      if (!(d3d12_dll = dylib_load("d3d12.dll")))
         return TYPE_E_CANTLOADLIBRARY;
   if (!fp)
      if (!(fp = (PFN_D3D12_SERIALIZE_VERSIONED_ROOT_SIGNATURE)dylib_proc(
            d3d12_dll, "D3D12SerializeRootSignature")))
         return TYPE_E_DLLFUNCTIONNOTFOUND;
   return fp(pRootSignature, ppBlob, ppErrorBlob);
}
#endif

static void
d3d12_descriptor_heap_slot_free(d3d12_descriptor_heap_t* heap, D3D12_CPU_DESCRIPTOR_HANDLE handle)
{
   unsigned i   = (handle.ptr - heap->cpu.ptr) / heap->stride;
   heap->map[i] = false;
   if (heap->start > (int)i)
      heap->start = i;
}

D3D12_GPU_VIRTUAL_ADDRESS
d3d12_create_buffer(D3D12Device device, UINT size_in_bytes, D3D12Resource* buffer)
{
   D3D12_HEAP_PROPERTIES heap_props    = { D3D12_HEAP_TYPE_UPLOAD, D3D12_CPU_PAGE_PROPERTY_UNKNOWN,
                                           D3D12_MEMORY_POOL_UNKNOWN, 1, 1 };
   D3D12_RESOURCE_DESC   resource_desc = { D3D12_RESOURCE_DIMENSION_BUFFER };

   resource_desc.Width                 = size_in_bytes;
   resource_desc.Height                = 1;
   resource_desc.DepthOrArraySize      = 1;
   resource_desc.MipLevels             = 1;
   resource_desc.SampleDesc.Count      = 1;
   resource_desc.Layout                = D3D12_TEXTURE_LAYOUT_ROW_MAJOR;

   D3D12CreateCommittedResource(
         device, (D3D12_HEAP_PROPERTIES*)&heap_props, D3D12_HEAP_FLAG_NONE, &resource_desc,
         D3D12_RESOURCE_STATE_GENERIC_READ, NULL, buffer);

   return D3D12GetGPUVirtualAddress(*buffer);
}

void d3d12_release_texture(d3d12_texture_t* texture)
{
   if (!texture->handle)
      return;

   if (texture->srv_heap && texture->desc.MipLevels <= countof(texture->cpu_descriptor))
   {
      int i;
      for (i = 0; i < texture->desc.MipLevels; i++)
      {
         if (texture->cpu_descriptor[i].ptr)
            d3d12_descriptor_heap_slot_free(texture->srv_heap, texture->cpu_descriptor[i]);
         texture->cpu_descriptor[i].ptr = 0;
      }
   }

   Release(texture->handle);
   Release(texture->upload_buffer);
}

D3D12_CPU_DESCRIPTOR_HANDLE d3d12_descriptor_heap_slot_alloc(d3d12_descriptor_heap_t* heap)
{
   int i;
   D3D12_CPU_DESCRIPTOR_HANDLE handle;

   handle.ptr = 0;

   for (i = heap->start; i < (int)heap->desc.NumDescriptors; i++)
   {
      if (!heap->map[i])
      {
         heap->map[i] = true;
         handle.ptr   = heap->cpu.ptr + i * heap->stride;
         heap->start  = i + 1;
         return handle;
      }
   }
   /* if you get here try increasing NumDescriptors for this heap */
   return handle;
}

static DXGI_FORMAT d3d12_get_closest_match(D3D12Device device, D3D12_FEATURE_DATA_FORMAT_SUPPORT* desired)
{
   DXGI_FORMAT  default_list[] = { desired->Format, DXGI_FORMAT_UNKNOWN };
   DXGI_FORMAT* format         = dxgi_get_format_fallback_list(desired->Format);

   if (!format)
      format                   = default_list;

   while (*format != DXGI_FORMAT_UNKNOWN)
   {
      D3D12_FEATURE_DATA_FORMAT_SUPPORT format_support = { *format };
      if (SUCCEEDED(D3D12CheckFeatureSupport(
                device, D3D12_FEATURE_FORMAT_SUPPORT, &format_support, sizeof(format_support))) &&
          ((format_support.Support1 & desired->Support1) == desired->Support1) &&
          ((format_support.Support2 & desired->Support2) == desired->Support2))
         break;
      format++;
   }
   return *format;
}

void d3d12_init_texture(D3D12Device device, d3d12_texture_t* texture)
{
   int i;

   if (!texture->desc.MipLevels)
      texture->desc.MipLevels          = 1;

   if (!(texture->desc.Width  >> (texture->desc.MipLevels - 1)) &&
       !(texture->desc.Height >> (texture->desc.MipLevels - 1)))
   {
      unsigned width                   = texture->desc.Width >> 5;
      unsigned height                  = texture->desc.Height >> 5;
      texture->desc.MipLevels          = 1;
      while (width && height)
      {
         width  >>= 1;
         height >>= 1;
         texture->desc.MipLevels++;
      }
   }

   {
      D3D12_FEATURE_DATA_FORMAT_SUPPORT format_support = {
         texture->desc.Format, D3D12_FORMAT_SUPPORT1_TEXTURE2D | D3D12_FORMAT_SUPPORT1_SHADER_SAMPLE
      };
      D3D12_HEAP_PROPERTIES heap_props = { D3D12_HEAP_TYPE_DEFAULT, D3D12_CPU_PAGE_PROPERTY_UNKNOWN,
                                           D3D12_MEMORY_POOL_UNKNOWN, 1, 1 };

      if (texture->desc.MipLevels > 1)
      {
         texture->desc.Flags        |= D3D12_RESOURCE_FLAG_ALLOW_UNORDERED_ACCESS;
         format_support.Support1    |= D3D12_FORMAT_SUPPORT1_MIP;
         format_support.Support2    |= D3D12_FORMAT_SUPPORT2_UAV_TYPED_STORE;
      }

      if (texture->desc.Flags & D3D12_RESOURCE_FLAG_ALLOW_RENDER_TARGET)
         format_support.Support1    |= D3D12_FORMAT_SUPPORT1_RENDER_TARGET;

      texture->desc.Dimension        = D3D12_RESOURCE_DIMENSION_TEXTURE2D;
      texture->desc.DepthOrArraySize = 1;
      texture->desc.SampleDesc.Count = 1;
      texture->desc.Format           = d3d12_get_closest_match(device, &format_support);

      D3D12CreateCommittedResource(
            device, &heap_props, D3D12_HEAP_FLAG_NONE, &texture->desc,
            D3D12_RESOURCE_STATE_PIXEL_SHADER_RESOURCE, NULL, &texture->handle);
   }

   {
      D3D12_SHADER_RESOURCE_VIEW_DESC desc = { texture->desc.Format };

      desc.Shader4ComponentMapping   = D3D12_DEFAULT_SHADER_4_COMPONENT_MAPPING;
      desc.ViewDimension             = D3D12_SRV_DIMENSION_TEXTURE2D;
      desc.Texture2D.MipLevels       = texture->desc.MipLevels;

      texture->cpu_descriptor[0]     = d3d12_descriptor_heap_slot_alloc(texture->srv_heap);
      D3D12CreateShaderResourceView(device, texture->handle, &desc, texture->cpu_descriptor[0]);
      texture->gpu_descriptor[0].ptr = texture->cpu_descriptor[0].ptr - texture->srv_heap->cpu.ptr +
                                       texture->srv_heap->gpu.ptr;
   }

   for (i = 1; i < texture->desc.MipLevels; i++)
   {
      D3D12_UNORDERED_ACCESS_VIEW_DESC desc = { texture->desc.Format };

      desc.ViewDimension             = D3D12_UAV_DIMENSION_TEXTURE2D;
      desc.Texture2D.MipSlice        = i;

      texture->cpu_descriptor[i]     = d3d12_descriptor_heap_slot_alloc(texture->srv_heap);
      D3D12CreateUnorderedAccessView(
            device, texture->handle, NULL, &desc, texture->cpu_descriptor[i]);
      texture->gpu_descriptor[i].ptr = texture->cpu_descriptor[i].ptr - texture->srv_heap->cpu.ptr +
                                       texture->srv_heap->gpu.ptr;
   }

   if (texture->desc.Flags & D3D12_RESOURCE_FLAG_ALLOW_RENDER_TARGET)
   {
      D3D12CreateRenderTargetView(device, texture->handle, NULL, texture->rt_view);
   }
   else
   {
      D3D12_HEAP_PROPERTIES heap_props  = { D3D12_HEAP_TYPE_UPLOAD, D3D12_CPU_PAGE_PROPERTY_UNKNOWN,
                                           D3D12_MEMORY_POOL_UNKNOWN, 1, 1 };
      D3D12_RESOURCE_DESC   buffer_desc = { D3D12_RESOURCE_DIMENSION_BUFFER };

      D3D12GetCopyableFootprints(
            device, &texture->desc, 0, 1, 0, &texture->layout, &texture->num_rows,
            &texture->row_size_in_bytes, &texture->total_bytes);

      buffer_desc.Width            = texture->total_bytes;
      buffer_desc.Height           = 1;
      buffer_desc.DepthOrArraySize = 1;
      buffer_desc.MipLevels        = 1;
      buffer_desc.SampleDesc.Count = 1;
      buffer_desc.Layout           = D3D12_TEXTURE_LAYOUT_ROW_MAJOR;

      D3D12CreateCommittedResource(
            device, &heap_props, D3D12_HEAP_FLAG_NONE, &buffer_desc,
            D3D12_RESOURCE_STATE_GENERIC_READ, NULL, &texture->upload_buffer);
   }

   texture->size_data.x = texture->desc.Width;
   texture->size_data.y = texture->desc.Height;
   texture->size_data.z = 1.0f / texture->desc.Width;
   texture->size_data.w = 1.0f / texture->desc.Height;
}

void d3d12_update_texture(
      int              width,
      int              height,
      int              pitch,
      DXGI_FORMAT      format,
      const void*      data,
      d3d12_texture_t* texture)
{
   uint8_t *dst;
   D3D12_RANGE read_range;

   if (!texture || !texture->upload_buffer)
      return;

   read_range.Begin = 0;
   read_range.End   = 0;

   D3D12Map(texture->upload_buffer, 0, &read_range, (void**)&dst);

   dxgi_copy(
         width, height, format, pitch, data, texture->desc.Format,
         texture->layout.Footprint.RowPitch, dst + texture->layout.Offset);

   D3D12Unmap(texture->upload_buffer, 0, NULL);

   texture->dirty = true;
}

void d3d12_upload_texture(D3D12GraphicsCommandList cmd,
      d3d12_texture_t* texture, void *userdata)
{
   D3D12_TEXTURE_COPY_LOCATION src, dst;

   src.pResource        = texture->upload_buffer;
   src.Type             = D3D12_TEXTURE_COPY_TYPE_PLACED_FOOTPRINT;
   src.PlacedFootprint  = texture->layout;

   dst.pResource        = texture->handle;
   dst.Type             = D3D12_TEXTURE_COPY_TYPE_SUBRESOURCE_INDEX;
   dst.SubresourceIndex = 0;

   D3D12_RESOURCE_TRANSITION(
         cmd,
         texture->handle,
         D3D12_RESOURCE_STATE_PIXEL_SHADER_RESOURCE,
         D3D12_RESOURCE_STATE_COPY_DEST);

   D3D12CopyTextureRegion(cmd, &dst, 0, 0, 0, &src, NULL);

   D3D12_RESOURCE_TRANSITION(
         cmd,
         texture->handle,
         D3D12_RESOURCE_STATE_COPY_DEST,
         D3D12_RESOURCE_STATE_PIXEL_SHADER_RESOURCE);

   if (texture->desc.MipLevels > 1)
   {
      unsigned       i;
      d3d12_video_t* d3d12 = (d3d12_video_t*)userdata;

      D3D12SetComputeRootSignature(cmd, d3d12->desc.cs_rootSignature);
      D3D12SetPipelineState(cmd, d3d12->mipmapgen_pipe);
      D3D12SetComputeRootDescriptorTable(cmd, CS_ROOT_ID_TEXTURE_T, texture->gpu_descriptor[0]);

      for (i = 1; i < texture->desc.MipLevels; i++)
      {
         unsigned width  = texture->desc.Width  >> i;
         unsigned height = texture->desc.Height >> i;
         struct
         {
            uint32_t src_level;
            float    texel_size[2];
         } cbuffer = { i - 1, { 1.0f / width, 1.0f / height } };

         {
            D3D12_RESOURCE_BARRIER barrier = { D3D12_RESOURCE_BARRIER_TYPE_TRANSITION };
            barrier.Transition.pResource   = texture->handle;
            barrier.Transition.StateBefore = D3D12_RESOURCE_STATE_PIXEL_SHADER_RESOURCE;
            barrier.Transition.StateAfter  = D3D12_RESOURCE_STATE_UNORDERED_ACCESS;
            barrier.Transition.Subresource = i;
            D3D12ResourceBarrier(cmd, 1, &barrier);
         }

         D3D12SetComputeRootDescriptorTable(cmd, CS_ROOT_ID_UAV_T, texture->gpu_descriptor[i]);
         D3D12SetComputeRoot32BitConstants(
               cmd, CS_ROOT_ID_CONSTANTS, sizeof(cbuffer) / sizeof(uint32_t), &cbuffer, 0);
         D3D12Dispatch(cmd, (width + 0x7) >> 3, (height + 0x7) >> 3, 1);

         {
            D3D12_RESOURCE_BARRIER barrier = { D3D12_RESOURCE_BARRIER_TYPE_UAV };
            barrier.UAV.pResource          = texture->handle;
            D3D12ResourceBarrier(cmd, 1, &barrier);
         }

         {
            D3D12_RESOURCE_BARRIER barrier = { D3D12_RESOURCE_BARRIER_TYPE_TRANSITION };
            barrier.Transition.pResource   = texture->handle;
            barrier.Transition.StateBefore = D3D12_RESOURCE_STATE_UNORDERED_ACCESS;
            barrier.Transition.StateAfter  = D3D12_RESOURCE_STATE_PIXEL_SHADER_RESOURCE;
            barrier.Transition.Subresource = i;
            D3D12ResourceBarrier(cmd, 1, &barrier);
         }
      }
   }

   texture->dirty = false;
}