diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 874f27e..6026817 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -1,273 +1,47 @@ # ylong_json ## Introduction - The `ylong_json` module provides serialization of text or string in JSON syntax format and deserialization of corresponding generated instances. -`ylong_json` contains the following core functionality: +### ylong_json in Openharmony +![structure](./figure/ylong_json_oh_relate.png) +Here is the description of the key fields in the figure above: +- `ylong_json` : System component that provides json serialization and deserialization capabilities +- `serde` : Third-party library for efficient and generic serialization and deserialization of Rust data structures. -### Function 1: Generates a JSON instance -`ylong_json` provides the ability to generate an instance of `JsonValue` from JSON text or string. You need to use a series of instance creation methods for the "JsonValue" to use this feature. +### ylong_json Internal architecture diagram +![structure](./figure/ylong_json_inner_structure.png) +`ylong_json` is mainly divided into two modules, a module with a custom `JsonValue` structure type as the core and a module that ADAPTS to the third-party library `serde`. -(1) You can create a `JsonValue` instance by: -```rust -use std::fs::File; -use std::str::FromStr; -use std::io::Read; -use ylong_json::JsonValue; -fn create_json_value_instance() { - let str: &str = ""; - // You can use `from_str` to try to generate a `JsonValue` instance from - // the &str type. - // If the passed &str does not conform to JSON syntax, the corresponding - // Error will be returned. - let json_value = JsonValue::from_str(str); - - let text: String = String::from(""); - // You can use `from_text` to generate a `JsonValue` instance from - // a series of types that implement AsRef<[u8]>. - // If the passed text content does not conform to JSON syntax, the - // corresponding Error will be returned. - let json_value = JsonValue::from_text(text); - - let path: &str = ""; - // You can use `from_file` to read a file from corresponding path and - // try to generate a `JsonValue` instance. - // If the passed path is not valid or the text content does not conform - // to JSON syntax, the corresponding Error will be returned. - let json_value = JsonValue::from_file(path); - - let mut reader: Box = Box::new(File::open("").unwrap()); - // You can use `from_reader` interface to read text from an instance - // that implements io::Read and try to generate a `JsonValue` instance. - // If the read fails or if the content from the reader does not conform - // to JSON syntax, the corresponding Error will be returned. - let json_value = JsonValue::from_reader(&mut reader); -} +1. `JsonValue` is the internal custom structure type of `ylong_json`, and the serialization and deserialization function of `json` is built with this structure as the core. +- `JsonValue` : The core structure type, which stores the json content information, has 6 internal enum type variants. +- `LinkedList`, `Vec`, `BTreeMap` : Three ways of storing data inside `Array` and `Object`, selected by `features`. +- Serialization ability: Supports outputting a `JsonValue` instance as a compact strings or writing to the output stream. +- Deserialization ability: Supports parsing `json` text or `json` content in the input stream and generating a `JsonValue` instance. + +2. `ylong_json` adapts to the third-party library `serde` +- `Serializer`: The auxiliary structure for serialization. +- `Deserializer`: The auxiliary structure for deserialization. +- Serialization ability: Supports for serializing a type instance that implements the `serde::Serialize` trait into `json` text content or writing the content to the output stream. +- Deserialization ability: If the `json` content has the type that implements `serde::Deserialize` trait, then that part of the `json` content can be deserialized into an instance of that type. + +## Directory ``` -Once the `JsonValue` instance has been successfully created, you can attempt to read and modify the corresponding contents. - -(2) If the type in the JSON text implements the third-party library `serde::Deserialize` trait, you can directly deserialize the text content to an instance of that type. -```rust -use std::fs::File; -use serde::Deserialize; -use ylong_json::deserializer::{from_reader, from_slice, from_st}; -fn deserialize_json_to_instance() { - #[derive(Deserialize, PartialEq, Debug)] - struct Example { - int: u32, - seq: Vec, - tup: (i32, i32, i32), - } - - // You can use `from_str` to try to generate an instance from String. - // If the passed String does not conform to JSON syntax, the corresponding - // Error will be returned. - let str = r#"{"int":1,"seq":["abcd","efgh"],"tup":[1,2,3]}"#; - let example = from_str::(str).unwrap(); - - // You can use `from_slice` to try to generate an instance from &u8. - // If the passed &u8 does not conform to JSON syntax, the corresponding - // Error will be returned. - let slice = str.as_bytes(); - let example = from_slice::(slice).unwrap(); - - // You can use `from_reader` to try to generate an instance from - // locations, files, io streams, and so on that implement io::Write. - // If the passed text content does not conform to JSON syntax, - // the corresponding Error will be returned. - let mut file: File = File::open("./example.txt").unwrap(); - let example = from_reader::(file).unwrap(); -} -``` - -### Function 2: Reads and modifies a key-value pair -After a `JsonValue` instance is successfully generated, you can use a subscript to find the corresponding key-value pair (to obtain a common reference to the corresponding `JsonValue`). - -A subscript of type &str or String can be used to find a key-value pair in Object; -A Subscript of type usize can be used to find a key-value pair in an Array. -```rust -use std::str::FromStr; -use ylong_json::JsonValue; - -// JSON string for the example -const JSON_TEXT: &str = r#" -{ - "key": "value", - "array": [1, 2, 3] -} -"#; - -fn find_key_value_pair() { - // Creates a JsonValue instance from the example string, the syntax is - // correct so the parse must succeed here, so uses unwrap. - let json_value = JsonValue::from_str(JSON_TEXT).unwrap(); - - // Since json is itself a table, you can use the &str type to obtain - // a common reference to the internal value. - let value: &JsonValue = &json_value["key"]; - - // You can use the &str type to obtain a common reference to the "array" member, and - // then use the usize type to obtain a common reference to the corresponding element. - let array_item: &JsonValue = &json_value["array"][0]; - - // If you try to find a key that does not exist in a table, - // `&JsonValue::Null` will be returned. - let no_such_key: &JsonValue = &json_value["no_such_key"]; - - // When searching for the Array type, if the subscript exceeds the Array length, - // `&JsonValue::Null` will also be returned. - let no_such_index: &JsonValue = &json_value["array"][100]; - - // If you use a subscript to visit `JsonValue` types other than Object and Array, - // `&JsonValue::Null` will also be returned. - let invalid_index: &JsonValue = &json_value["key"]["invalid"]; - let invalid_index: &JsonValue = &json_value["key"][0]; -} -``` -You can also use the same method to obtain a mutable reference to `JsonValue`. -After obtaining the mutable reference, you can modify it, but you need to make sure that it conforms to JSON syntax. -```rust -use ylong_json::JsonValue; - -// JSON string for the example -const JSON_TEXT: &str = r#" -{ - "key": "value", - "array": [1, 2, 3] -} -"#; - -fn modify_key_value_pair() { - // Creates a JsonValue instance from the example string, the syntax is - // correct so the parse must succeed here, so uses unwrap. - // Here the JSON instance needs to be mutable because you need to obtain a mutable reference. - let mut json_value = JsonValue::from_str(JSON_TEXT).unwrap(); - - // Obtains a mutable reference to the member by "key" and set it to the number 123. - // In the libraty, many primitive types implement conversion from themselves to JsonValue, - // so they can be converted to `JsonValue` by using `into()` method. - // After executing this code, the contents of the table are as follows: - // { - // "key": 123, - // "array": [1, 2, 3] - // } - json_value["key"] = 123_i32.into(); - - // Obtains a mutable reference to the member by using "array" and the subscript 0, - // and set it to the number 123. - // After executing this code, the contents of the table are as follows: - // { - // "key": 123, - // "array": [123, 2, 3] - // } - json_value["array"][0] = 123_i32.into(); - - // If you try to obtain a mutable reference to a key that does not exist in the table, - // then the key will be inserted in the table with the corresponding value JsonValue::Null, - // and changes the value baesd on that. - // After executing this code, the json_value member "no_such_key" has been added, - // and the value is 123. - // The contents of the table are as follows: - // { - // "key": 123, - // "array": [123, 2, 3], - // "no_such_key": 123 - // } - json_value["no_such_key"] = 123_i32.into(); - - // When trying to obtain a mutable reference to a member of the Array type, if the - // subscript exceeds the Array length, then a `JsonValue::Null` will be added at - // the end of the Array and will return a mutable reference to that position. - // After executing this code, the length of the array member of `json_value` becomes 4, - // and the value of the last member is 123. - // The contents of the table are as follows: - // { - // "key": 123, - // "array": [123, 2, 3, 123], - // "no_such_key": 123 - // } - json_value["array"][100] = 123_i32.into(); - - // When using a subscript of &str type or String type to obtain a mutable reference to - // a non-Object type, will replace the value with an empty Object and then visit it with - // that subscript. - // After executing this code, the array member of `json_value` becomes of type Object - // and contains a key-value pair: "key" => 123. - // The contents of the table are as follows: - // { - // "key": 123, - // "array": { - // "key": 123 - // }, - // "no_such_key": 123 - // } - json_value["array"]["key"] = 123_i32.into(); - - // When using a subscript of usize type to obtain a mutable reference to a non-Array - // type, will replace the value with an empty Array and then visit it with that subscript. - // After executing this code, the key member of `json_value` becomes of type Array, - // and contains a member: key[0] => 123. - // The contents of the table are as follows: - // { - // "key": [123], - // "array": { - // "key": 123 - // }, - // "no_such_key": 123 - // } - json_value["key"][0] = 123_i32.into(); -} -``` - -### Function 3: Outputs JSON text -(1) When you have a JsonValue instance, you can convert it to text and output it to a specified location: string, file, network, etc. -```rust -use std::fs::File; -use ylong_json::JsonValue; - -fn output_json_text(json_value: JsonValue) { - // Uses `to_compact_string()` to output the `json_value` as a string. - let string = json_value.to_compact_string().unwrap(); - - // Uses `compact_encode()` to output JSON text to a specified location, - // file, io stream, etc., which implements io::Write. - let mut file: File = File::open("").unwrap(); - let _ = json_value.compact_encode(&mut file); -} -``` -Because there is no strong order requirement for JSON internal elements, -the output order of members will have a certain randomness, -but it does not affect the semantics of JSON text. - -(2) You can also serialize an instance of a type that implements the `serde::Serialize` trait to JSON text. -```rust -use std::fs::File; -use serde::Serialize; -use ylong_json::serializer_compact::{to_string, to_writer}; - -fn output_json_text(value: V) { - #[derive(Serialize)] - struct Exmaple { - int: u32, - seq: Vec<&'static str>, - tup: (i32, i32, i32), - } - - let example = Example { - int: 1, - seq: vec!["a", "b"], - tup: (1, 2, 3), - }; - - // Uses `to_string()` to output the value as a string. - let string = to_string(&example).unwrap(); - - // Uses `to_writer()` to output JSON text to a specified location, - // file, io stream, etc., which implements io::Write. - let mut file: File = File::open("./example.txt").unwrap(); - let _ = to_writer(&example, &mut file); -} +ylong_json +├─ examples # ylong_json code example +├─ include # ylong_json.h +├─ src +│ ├─ value # Array and Object type definitions and related methods +│ ├─ adapter.rs # Adapts to the C interface implementation +│ ├─ consts.rs # Some definitions of constants and tables +│ ├─ deserializer.rs # Deserialization implementation of the adaptation serde +│ ├─ encoder.rs # Serialization implementation for the `JsonValue` type +│ ├─ error.rs # Error type definition, helpful to identify the problem +│ ├─ link_list.rs # LinkedList type definition and related methods +│ ├─ serializer_compact.rs # Serialization implementation of the adaptation serde +│ ├─ states.rs # Deserialization implementation for the `JsonValue` type +│ └─ value.rs # JsonValue type definition and related methods +└─ tests # Test directory ``` ## Build @@ -284,6 +58,9 @@ deps += ["//example_path/ylong_json:lib"] ylong_json = { path = "/example_path/ylong_json" } # Uses path dependencies. ``` +## User Guide +See [user_guide](./docs/user_guide.md) + ## Performance test ``` 1.Test environment @@ -322,21 +99,3 @@ MemTotal: 16G | example4 | 18,461 ns/iter | 12,471 ns/iter | ``` -## Directory -``` -ylong_json -├─ examples # ylong_json code example -├─ include # ylong_json.h -├─ src -│ ├─ value # Array and Object type definitions and related methods -│ ├─ adapter.rs # Adapts to the C interface implementation -│ ├─ consts.rs # Some definitions of constants and tables -│ ├─ deserializer.rs # Deserialization implementation of the adaptation serde -│ ├─ encoder.rs # Serialization implementation for the `JsonValue` type -│ ├─ error.rs # Error type definition, helpful to identify the problem -│ ├─ link_list.rs # LinkedList type definition and related methods -│ ├─ serializer_compact.rs # Serialization implementation of the adaptation serde -│ ├─ states.rs # Deserialization implementation for the `JsonValue` type -│ └─ value.rs # JsonValue type definition and related methods -└─ tests # Test directory -``` \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/README_zh.md b/README_zh.md index 2455e08..f577697 100644 --- a/README_zh.md +++ b/README_zh.md @@ -1,240 +1,47 @@ # ylong_json ## 简介 - `ylong_json` 模块提供了 JSON 语法格式文本或字符串的序列化功能,以及对应生成实例的反序列化功能。 -`ylong_json` 包含以下核心功能: +### ylong_json 在 Openharmony 中的位置 +![structure](./figure/ylong_json_oh_relate.png) +以下是对于上图关键字段的描述信息: +- `ylong_json`:提供 `json` 序列化与反序列化能力的系统组件 +- `serde`:第三方库,用于高效、通用地序列化和反序列化 `Rust` 数据结构。 -### 功能一:生成 JSON 实例 -`ylong_json` 提供了从 JSON 文本或字符串生成一个 `JsonValue` 实例的功能。 +### ylong_json 内部架构图 +![structure](./figure/ylong_json_inner_structure.png) +`ylong_json` 内部主要分为两个模块,以自定义 `JsonValue` 类型为核心的模块和适配第三方库 `serde` 的模块。 -(1)可以通过以下方法创建 `JsonValue` 实例: -```rust -use std::fs::File; -use std::str::FromStr; -use std::io::Read; -use ylong_json::JsonValue; +1. `JsonValue` 是 `ylong_json` 内部自定义的结构类型,以该结构为核心构建 `json` 的序列化与反序列化功能。 +- `JsonValue` :核心结构类型,存储 `json` 内容信息,共有 6 种枚举类型变体。 +- `LinkedList`, `Vec`, `BTreeMap`:`Array` 与 `Object` 内部数据存储的三种方式,通过 `features` 选择。 +- 序列化功能:支持将 `JsonValue` 实例输出为紧凑型字符串或写到输出流中。 +- 反序列化功能:支持解析 `json` 文本或输入流中的 `json` 内容并生成 `JsonValue` 实例。 -fn create_json_value_instance() { - let str: &str = ""; - // 可以使用 from_str 接口,从 &str 类型尝试生成 JsonValue 实例。 - // 如果传入的 &str 不符合 JSON 语法,会返回对应的 Error。 - let json_value = JsonValue::from_str(str); - - let text: String = String::from(""); - // 可以使用 from_text 接口,从一系列实现 AsRef<[u8]> 的类型生成 JsonValue 实例。 - // 如果传入的文本内容不符合 JSON 语法,会返回对应的 Error。 - let json_value = JsonValue::from_text(text); - - let path: &str = ""; - // 可以使用 from_file 接口,从对应路径的文件读取内容,并尝试生成 JsonValue 实例。 - // 如果传入的 path 不合法或者文本内容不符合 JSON 语法,会返回对应的 Error。 - let json_value = JsonValue::from_file(path); - - let mut reader: Box = Box::new(File::open("").unwrap()); - // 可以使用 from_reader 接口,从实现了 io::Read 的实例中读取文本,并尝试生成 JsonValue 实例。 - // 如果读取失败或者从 reader 中读取的内容不符合 JSON 语法,会返回对应的 Error。 - let json_value = JsonValue::from_reader(&mut reader); -} +2. `ylong_json` 适配了第三方库 `serde` +- `Serializer`:序列化输出的辅助结构类型。 +- `Deserializer`:反序列化输出的辅助结构类型。 +- 序列化功能:支持将实现了 `serde::Serialize` trait 的类型实例序列化为 `json` 文本内容或将内容写到输出流中。 +- 反序列化功能:若实现了 `serde::Deserialize` trait 的类型在 `json` 内容中,则可将该部分 `json` 内容反序列化为该类型的实例。 + +## 目录 ``` -当 `JsonValue` 实例创建成功后,就可以尝试读取和修改对应的内容了。 - -(2)如果 JSON 文本中的类型实现了第三方库 `serde::Deserialize` trait,则可以直接将文本内容反序列化为该类型的实例。 -```rust -use std::fs::File; -use serde::Deserialize; -use ylong_json::deserializer::{from_reader, from_slice, from_st}; -fn deserialize_json_to_instance() { - #[derive(Deserialize, PartialEq, Debug)] - struct Example { - int: u32, - seq: Vec, - tup: (i32, i32, i32), - } - - // 可以使用 from_str 接口,从 &str 类型生成实例。 - // 如果传入的 &str 不符合 JSON 语法,会返回对应的 Error。 - let tr = r#"{"int":1,"seq":["abcd","efgh"],"tup":[1,2,3]}"#; - let example = from_str::(str).unwrap(); - - // 可以使用 from_slice 接口,从 &u8 类型生成实例。 - // 如果传入的 &u8 不符合 JSON 语法,会返回对应的 Error。 - let slice = str.as_bytes(); - let example = from_slice::(slice).unwrap(); - - - // 可以使用 from_reader 接口,从实现了 io::Write 的位置、文件、io流等生成实例。 - // 如果传入的文本内容不符合 JSON 语法,会返回对应的 Error。 - let mut file: File = File::open("./example.txt").unwrap(); - let example = from_reader::(file).unwrap(); -} -``` - -### 功能二:读取、修改键值对 -`JsonValue` 实例生成成功后,可以通过各种下标来查找对应的键值对(获取到对应 `JsonValue` 的普通引用)。 - -&str 和 String 类型的下标可以用于查找 Object 内的键值对;usize 类型的下标可以用于查找 Array 内的键值对。 -```rust -use std::str::FromStr; -use ylong_json::JsonValue; - -// 示例的 JSON 字符串 -const JSON_TEXT: &str = r#" -{ - "key": "value", - "array": [1, 2, 3] -} -"#; - -fn find_key_value_pair() { - // 根据示例字符串创建 JsonValue 实例,语法正确所以此处解析必定成功,使用 unwrap。 - let json_value = JsonValue::from_str(JSON_TEXT).unwrap(); - - // 由于 json 本身也是一个表,所以可以使用 &str 类型获取内部值的普通引用。 - let value: &JsonValue = &json_value["key"]; - - // 可以通过 &str 类型先获取到 “array” 成员的普通引用,再根据 usize 类型获取对应元素的普通引用。 - let array_item: &JsonValue = &json_value["array"][0]; - - // 如果尝试查找一个不存在表中的键,会返回 &JsonValue::Null。 - let no_such_key: &JsonValue = &json_value["no_such_key"]; - - // 对 Array 类型查找时,若下标超过 Array 长度,也会返回 &JsonValue::Null。 - let no_such_index: &JsonValue = &json_value["array"][100]; - - // 对一个 Object 和 Array 类型以外的 JsonValue 类型使用下标访问也会返回 &JsonValue::Null。 - let invalid_index: &JsonValue = &json_value["key"]["invalid"]; - let invalid_index: &JsonValue = &json_value["key"][0]; -} -``` -也可以通过相同方法获取到对应 `JsonValue` 的可变引用,获取到可变引用后可以对其进行修改,修改时需要注意符合 JSON 语法。 -```rust -use ylong_json::JsonValue; - -// 示例的 JSON 字符串 -const JSON_TEXT: &str = r#" -{ - "key": "value", - "array": [1, 2, 3] -} -"#; - -fn modify_key_value_pair() { - // 根据示例字符串创建 JsonValue 实例,语法正确所以此处解析必定成功,使用 unwrap。 - // 此处由于需要获取可变引用,JSON 实例需要可变。 - let mut json_value = JsonValue::from_str(JSON_TEXT).unwrap(); - - // 通过 “key” 获取到对应成员的可变引用,并将其设置为数值 123。 - // 库中给许多基本类型实现了从自身到 JsonValue 的转换,所以可以通过 into() 方法转换为 JsonValue。 - // 执行此句代码后,表中内容如下: - // { - // "key": 123, - // "array": [1, 2, 3] - // } - json_value["key"] = 123_i32.into(); - - // 通过 “array” 和下标 0 获取到对应成员的可变引用,并将其设置为数值 123。 - // 执行此句代码后,表中内容如下: - // { - // "key": 123, - // "array": [123, 2, 3] - // } - json_value["array"][0] = 123_i32.into(); - - // 如果尝试获取一个不存在表中的键的可变引用,会在表中插入该键且对应值为 JsonValue::Null,并在此基础上进行修改。 - // 执行此行代码后,json_value 中会增加一个成员 “no_such_key”,且值为数值 123。 - // 表中内容如下: - // { - // "key": 123, - // "array": [123, 2, 3], - // "no_such_key": 123 - // } - json_value["no_such_key"] = 123_i32.into(); - - // 对 Array 类型的成员尝试获取可变引用时,若下标超过 Array 长度, - // 会在 Array 末尾插入一个 JsonValue::Null,并返回该位置的可变引用。 - // 执行此行代码后,json_value 的 “array” 成员的长度变为 4。 - // 表中内容如下: - // { - // "key": 123, - // "array": [123, 2, 3, 123], - // "no_such_key": 123 - // } - json_value["array"][100] = 123_i32.into(); - - // 对一个非 Object 类型使用 &str 类型或 String 下标获取可变引用时, - // 会将该值替换为一个空 Object,然后再用此下标对其进行访问。 - // 执行此代码后,json_value 的 array 成员变成 Object 类型,且含有一个键值对:“key” => 123。 - // 表中内容如下: - // { - // "key": 123, - // "array": { - // "key": 123 - // }, - // "no_such_key": 123 - // } - json_value["array"]["key"] = 123_i32.into(); - - // 对一个非 Array 类型使用 usize 类型下标获取可变引用时, - // 会将该值替换成一个空 Array,然后再用此下标对其进行访问。 - // 执行此代码后,json_value 的 key 成员变成 Array 类型,且含有一个成员: key[0] => 123 - // 表中内容如下: - // { - // "key": [123], - // "array": { - // "key": 123 - // }, - // "no_such_key": 123 - // } - json_value["key"][0] = 123_i32.into(); -} -``` - -### 功能三:输出 JSON 文本 -(1)当拥有一个 `JsonValue` 实例时,可以将该 `JsonValue` 实例转化成文本并输出到指定位置:字符串、文件、网络等。 -```rust -use std::fs::File; -use ylong_json::JsonValue; - -fn output_json_text(json_value: JsonValue) { - // 使用 to_compact_string() 接口将 json_value 输出成一个字符串。 - let string = json_value.to_compact_string().unwrap(); - - // 使用 compact_encode() 接口将 JSON 文本输出到指定实现了 io::Write 的位置,文件、io流等。 - let mut file: File = File::open("").unwrap(); - let _ = json_value.compact_encode(&mut file); -} -``` -由于 JSON 内部元素没有较强的顺序要求,所以成员的输出顺序会有一定随机性,但是不影响 JSON 文本的语义。 - -(2)可以将一个实现了第三方库 `serde::Serialize` trait 的类型实例序列化为 JSON 文本。 -```rust -use std::fs::File; -use serde::Serialize; -use ylong_json::serializer_compact::{to_string, to_writer}; - -fn output_json_text() { - #[derive(Serialize)] - struct Exmaple { - int: u32, - seq: Vec<&'static str>, - tup: (i32, i32, i32), - } - - let example = Example { - int: 1, - seq: vec!["a", "b"], - tup: (1, 2, 3), - }; - - // 使用 to_string() 接口将 value 输出成一个字符串。 - let string = to_string(&example).unwrap(); - - // 使用 to_writer() 接口将 JSON 文本输出到指定实现了 io::Write 的位置,文件、io流等。 - let mut file: File = File::open("./example.txt").unwrap(); - let _ = to_writer(&example, &mut file); -} +ylong_json +├─ examples # ylong_json 代码示例 +├─ include # ylong_json.h +├─ src +│ ├─ value # Array, Object 类型定义和相关方法实现 +│ ├─ adapter.rs # 适配 C 的接口实现 +│ ├─ consts.rs # 一些常数与表格的定义 +│ ├─ deserializer.rs # 适配 serde 的反序列化实现 +│ ├─ encoder.rs # 为 JsonValue 类型序列化实现 +│ ├─ error.rs # 错误类型定义,便于定位 +│ ├─ link_list.rs # LinkedList 类型定义和相关方法实现 +│ ├─ serializer_compact.rs # 适配 serde 的序列化实现 +│ ├─ states.rs # 为 JsonValue 类型反序列化实现 +│ └─ value.rs # JsonValue 类型定义和相关方法实现 +└─ tests # 测试目录 ``` ## 编译构建 @@ -251,6 +58,9 @@ deps += ["//example_path/ylong_json:lib"] ylong_json = { path = "/example_path/ylong_json" } # 请使用路径依赖 ``` +## 用户指南 +详情内容请见[用户指南](./docs/user_guide_zh.md) + ## 性能测试 ``` 1.测试环境 @@ -288,23 +98,3 @@ CPU 核心数:8 | example3 | 55,910 ns/iter | 59,717 ns/iter | | example4 | 18,461 ns/iter | 12,471 ns/iter | ``` - -## 目录 - -``` -ylong_json -├─ examples # ylong_json 代码示例 -├─ include # ylong_json.h -├─ src -│ ├─ value # Array, Object 类型定义和相关方法实现 -│ ├─ adapter.rs # 适配 C 的接口实现 -│ ├─ consts.rs # 一些常数与表格的定义 -│ ├─ deserializer.rs # 适配 serde 的反序列化实现 -│ ├─ encoder.rs # 为 JsonValue 类型序列化实现 -│ ├─ error.rs # 错误类型定义,便于定位 -│ ├─ link_list.rs # LinkedList 类型定义和相关方法实现 -│ ├─ serializer_compact.rs # 适配 serde 的序列化实现 -│ ├─ states.rs # 为 JsonValue 类型反序列化实现 -│ └─ value.rs # JsonValue 类型定义和相关方法实现 -└─ tests # 测试目录 -``` \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/RELEASE_NOTE.md b/RELEASE_NOTE.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..40bd359 --- /dev/null +++ b/RELEASE_NOTE.md @@ -0,0 +1,5 @@ +# 1.0.0 +1. ylong_json initial version, which provides these features: + - serialize: output JSON text or string from `JsonValue`. + - deserialize: generate an instance of `JsonValue` from JSON text or string. + - serde: serialize or deserialize for a struct which implements the serde trait \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/user_guide.md b/docs/user_guide.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..c4ea8c9 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/user_guide.md @@ -0,0 +1,269 @@ +# ylong_json User Guide + +The `ylong_json` module provides serialization of text or string in JSON syntax format, and deserialization of corresponding generated instances. In addition, the `ylong_json` module also adapts to the third-party library `serde`. Structures that implement specific traits in the `serde` library can be serialized and deserialized. + +If you need to see the detailed interface description, please check the docs of the corresponding interface. You can use `cargo doc --open` to generate and view the docs. + +### Function 1: Generates a JSON instance +`ylong_json` provides the ability to generate an instance of `JsonValue` from JSON text or string. You need to use a series of instance creation methods for the "JsonValue" to use this feature. + +(1) You can create a `JsonValue` instance by: +```rust +use std::fs::File; +use std::str::FromStr; +use std::io::Read; +use ylong_json::JsonValue; +fn create_json_value_instance() { + let str: &str = ""; + // You can use `from_str` to try to generate a `JsonValue` instance from + // the &str type. + // If the passed &str does not conform to JSON syntax, the corresponding + // Error will be returned. + let json_value = JsonValue::from_str(str); + + let text: String = String::from(""); + // You can use `from_text` to generate a `JsonValue` instance from + // a series of types that implement AsRef<[u8]>. + // If the passed text content does not conform to JSON syntax, the + // corresponding Error will be returned. + let json_value = JsonValue::from_text(text); + + let path: &str = ""; + // You can use `from_file` to read a file from corresponding path and + // try to generate a `JsonValue` instance. + // If the passed path is not valid or the text content does not conform + // to JSON syntax, the corresponding Error will be returned. + let json_value = JsonValue::from_file(path); + + let mut reader: Box = Box::new(File::open("").unwrap()); + // You can use `from_reader` interface to read text from an instance + // that implements io::Read and try to generate a `JsonValue` instance. + // If the read fails or if the content from the reader does not conform + // to JSON syntax, the corresponding Error will be returned. + let json_value = JsonValue::from_reader(&mut reader); +} +``` +Once the `JsonValue` instance has been successfully created, you can attempt to read and modify the corresponding contents. + +(2) If the type in the JSON text implements the third-party library `serde::Deserialize` trait, you can directly deserialize the text content to an instance of that type. +```rust +use std::fs::File; +use serde::Deserialize; +use ylong_json::deserializer::{from_reader, from_slice, from_st}; +fn deserialize_json_to_instance() { + #[derive(Deserialize, PartialEq, Debug)] + struct Example { + int: u32, + seq: Vec, + tup: (i32, i32, i32), + } + + // You can use `from_str` to try to generate an instance from String. + // If the passed String does not conform to JSON syntax, the corresponding + // Error will be returned. + let str = r#"{"int":1,"seq":["abcd","efgh"],"tup":[1,2,3]}"#; + let example = from_str::(str).unwrap(); + + // You can use `from_slice` to try to generate an instance from &u8. + // If the passed &u8 does not conform to JSON syntax, the corresponding + // Error will be returned. + let slice = str.as_bytes(); + let example = from_slice::(slice).unwrap(); + + // You can use `from_reader` to try to generate an instance from + // locations, files, io streams, and so on that implement io::Write. + // If the passed text content does not conform to JSON syntax, + // the corresponding Error will be returned. + let mut file: File = File::open("./example.txt").unwrap(); + let example = from_reader::(file).unwrap(); +} +``` + +### Function 2: Reads and modifies a key-value pair +After a `JsonValue` instance is successfully generated, you can use a subscript to find the corresponding key-value pair (to obtain a common reference to the corresponding `JsonValue`). + +A subscript of type &str or String can be used to find a key-value pair in Object; +A Subscript of type usize can be used to find a key-value pair in an Array. +```rust +use std::str::FromStr; +use ylong_json::JsonValue; + +// JSON string for the example +const JSON_TEXT: &str = r#" +{ + "key": "value", + "array": [1, 2, 3] +} +"#; + +fn find_key_value_pair() { + // Creates a JsonValue instance from the example string, the syntax is + // correct so the parse must succeed here, so uses unwrap. + let json_value = JsonValue::from_str(JSON_TEXT).unwrap(); + + // Since json is itself a table, you can use the &str type to obtain + // a common reference to the internal value. + let value: &JsonValue = &json_value["key"]; + + // You can use the &str type to obtain a common reference to the "array" member, and + // then use the usize type to obtain a common reference to the corresponding element. + let array_item: &JsonValue = &json_value["array"][0]; + + // If you try to find a key that does not exist in a table, + // `&JsonValue::Null` will be returned. + let no_such_key: &JsonValue = &json_value["no_such_key"]; + + // When searching for the Array type, if the subscript exceeds the Array length, + // `&JsonValue::Null` will also be returned. + let no_such_index: &JsonValue = &json_value["array"][100]; + + // If you use a subscript to visit `JsonValue` types other than Object and Array, + // `&JsonValue::Null` will also be returned. + let invalid_index: &JsonValue = &json_value["key"]["invalid"]; + let invalid_index: &JsonValue = &json_value["key"][0]; +} +``` +You can also use the same method to obtain a mutable reference to `JsonValue`. +After obtaining the mutable reference, you can modify it, but you need to make sure that it conforms to JSON syntax. +```rust +use ylong_json::JsonValue; + +// JSON string for the example +const JSON_TEXT: &str = r#" +{ + "key": "value", + "array": [1, 2, 3] +} +"#; + +fn modify_key_value_pair() { + // Creates a JsonValue instance from the example string, the syntax is + // correct so the parse must succeed here, so uses unwrap. + // Here the JSON instance needs to be mutable because you need to obtain a mutable reference. + let mut json_value = JsonValue::from_str(JSON_TEXT).unwrap(); + + // Obtains a mutable reference to the member by "key" and set it to the number 123. + // In the libraty, many primitive types implement conversion from themselves to JsonValue, + // so they can be converted to `JsonValue` by using `into()` method. + // After executing this code, the contents of the table are as follows: + // { + // "key": 123, + // "array": [1, 2, 3] + // } + json_value["key"] = 123_i32.into(); + + // Obtains a mutable reference to the member by using "array" and the subscript 0, + // and set it to the number 123. + // After executing this code, the contents of the table are as follows: + // { + // "key": 123, + // "array": [123, 2, 3] + // } + json_value["array"][0] = 123_i32.into(); + + // If you try to obtain a mutable reference to a key that does not exist in the table, + // then the key will be inserted in the table with the corresponding value JsonValue::Null, + // and changes the value baesd on that. + // After executing this code, the json_value member "no_such_key" has been added, + // and the value is 123. + // The contents of the table are as follows: + // { + // "key": 123, + // "array": [123, 2, 3], + // "no_such_key": 123 + // } + json_value["no_such_key"] = 123_i32.into(); + + // When trying to obtain a mutable reference to a member of the Array type, if the + // subscript exceeds the Array length, then a `JsonValue::Null` will be added at + // the end of the Array and will return a mutable reference to that position. + // After executing this code, the length of the array member of `json_value` becomes 4, + // and the value of the last member is 123. + // The contents of the table are as follows: + // { + // "key": 123, + // "array": [123, 2, 3, 123], + // "no_such_key": 123 + // } + json_value["array"][100] = 123_i32.into(); + + // When using a subscript of &str type or String type to obtain a mutable reference to + // a non-Object type, will replace the value with an empty Object and then visit it with + // that subscript. + // After executing this code, the array member of `json_value` becomes of type Object + // and contains a key-value pair: "key" => 123. + // The contents of the table are as follows: + // { + // "key": 123, + // "array": { + // "key": 123 + // }, + // "no_such_key": 123 + // } + json_value["array"]["key"] = 123_i32.into(); + + // When using a subscript of usize type to obtain a mutable reference to a non-Array + // type, will replace the value with an empty Array and then visit it with that subscript. + // After executing this code, the key member of `json_value` becomes of type Array, + // and contains a member: key[0] => 123. + // The contents of the table are as follows: + // { + // "key": [123], + // "array": { + // "key": 123 + // }, + // "no_such_key": 123 + // } + json_value["key"][0] = 123_i32.into(); +} +``` + +### Function 3: Outputs JSON text +(1) When you have a JsonValue instance, you can convert it to text and output it to a specified location: string, file, network, etc. +```rust +use std::fs::File; +use ylong_json::JsonValue; + +fn output_json_text(json_value: JsonValue) { + // Uses `to_compact_string()` to output the `json_value` as a string. + let string = json_value.to_compact_string().unwrap(); + + // Uses `compact_encode()` to output JSON text to a specified location, + // file, io stream, etc., which implements io::Write. + let mut file: File = File::open("").unwrap(); + let _ = json_value.compact_encode(&mut file); +} +``` +Because there is no strong order requirement for JSON internal elements, +the output order of members will have a certain randomness, +but it does not affect the semantics of JSON text. + +(2) You can also serialize an instance of a type that implements the `serde::Serialize` trait to JSON text. +```rust +use std::fs::File; +use serde::Serialize; +use ylong_json::serializer_compact::{to_string, to_writer}; + +fn output_json_text(value: V) { + #[derive(Serialize)] + struct Exmaple { + int: u32, + seq: Vec<&'static str>, + tup: (i32, i32, i32), + } + + let example = Example { + int: 1, + seq: vec!["a", "b"], + tup: (1, 2, 3), + }; + + // Uses `to_string()` to output the value as a string. + let string = to_string(&example).unwrap(); + + // Uses `to_writer()` to output JSON text to a specified location, + // file, io stream, etc., which implements io::Write. + let mut file: File = File::open("./example.txt").unwrap(); + let _ = to_writer(&example, &mut file); +} +``` \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/user_guide_zh.md b/docs/user_guide_zh.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..a3b8052 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/user_guide_zh.md @@ -0,0 +1,235 @@ +# ylong_json 用户指南 + +`ylong_json` 模块提供了 JSON 语法格式文本或字符串的序列化功能,以及对应生成实例的反序列化功能。此外,`ylong_json`模块还适配了第三方库 `serde`。对于实现了 `serde` 库中特定 trait 的结构,可以对其进行序列化与反序列化操作。 + +如果需要查看详细的接口说明请查看对应接口的 docs,可以使用 `cargo doc --open` 生成并查看 docs。 + +## 功能一:生成 JSON 实例 + +(1)可以使用 `JsonValue` 所具有的四种方法从不同的来源生成 `JsonValue` 实例: +```rust +use std::fs::File; +use std::str::FromStr; +use std::io::Read; +use ylong_json::JsonValue; + +fn create_json_value_instance() { + let str: &str = ""; + // 可以使用 from_str 接口,从 &str 类型尝试生成 JsonValue 实例。 + // 如果传入的 &str 不符合 JSON 语法,会返回对应的 Error。 + let json_value = JsonValue::from_str(str); + + let text: String = String::from(""); + // 可以使用 from_text 接口,从一系列实现 AsRef<[u8]> 的类型生成 JsonValue 实例。 + // 如果传入的文本内容不符合 JSON 语法,会返回对应的 Error。 + let json_value = JsonValue::from_text(text); + + let path: &str = ""; + // 可以使用 from_file 接口,从对应路径的文件读取内容,并尝试生成 JsonValue 实例。 + // 如果传入的 path 不合法或者文本内容不符合 JSON 语法,会返回对应的 Error。 + let json_value = JsonValue::from_file(path); + + let mut reader: Box = Box::new(File::open("").unwrap()); + // 可以使用 from_reader 接口,从实现了 io::Read 的实例中读取文本,并尝试生成 JsonValue 实例。 + // 如果读取失败或者从 reader 中读取的内容不符合 JSON 语法,会返回对应的 Error。 + let json_value = JsonValue::from_reader(&mut reader); +} +``` +当 `JsonValue` 实例创建成功后,就可以尝试读取和修改对应的内容了。 + +(2)如果 JSON 文本中的类型实现了第三方库 `serde::Deserialize` trait,则可以直接将文本内容反序列化为该类型的实例。 +```rust +use std::fs::File; +use serde::Deserialize; +use ylong_json::deserializer::{from_reader, from_slice, from_st}; +fn deserialize_json_to_instance() { + #[derive(Deserialize, PartialEq, Debug)] + struct Example { + int: u32, + seq: Vec, + tup: (i32, i32, i32), + } + + // 可以使用 from_str 接口,从 &str 类型生成实例。 + // 如果传入的 &str 不符合 JSON 语法,会返回对应的 Error。 + let tr = r#"{"int":1,"seq":["abcd","efgh"],"tup":[1,2,3]}"#; + let example = from_str::(str).unwrap(); + + // 可以使用 from_slice 接口,从 &u8 类型生成实例。 + // 如果传入的 &u8 不符合 JSON 语法,会返回对应的 Error。 + let slice = str.as_bytes(); + let example = from_slice::(slice).unwrap(); + + + // 可以使用 from_reader 接口,从实现了 io::Write 的位置、文件、io流等生成实例。 + // 如果传入的文本内容不符合 JSON 语法,会返回对应的 Error。 + let mut file: File = File::open("./example.txt").unwrap(); + let example = from_reader::(file).unwrap(); +} +``` + +### 功能二:读取、修改键值对 +`JsonValue` 实例生成成功后,可以通过各种下标来查找对应的键值对(获取到对应 `JsonValue` 的普通引用)。 + +&str 和 String 类型的下标可以用于查找 Object 内的键值对;usize 类型的下标可以用于查找 Array 内的键值对。 +```rust +use std::str::FromStr; +use ylong_json::JsonValue; + +// 示例的 JSON 字符串 +const JSON_TEXT: &str = r#" +{ + "key": "value", + "array": [1, 2, 3] +} +"#; + +fn find_key_value_pair() { + // 根据示例字符串创建 JsonValue 实例,语法正确所以此处解析必定成功,使用 unwrap。 + let json_value = JsonValue::from_str(JSON_TEXT).unwrap(); + + // 由于 json 本身也是一个表,所以可以使用 &str 类型获取内部值的普通引用。 + let value: &JsonValue = &json_value["key"]; + + // 可以通过 &str 类型先获取到 “array” 成员的普通引用,再根据 usize 类型获取对应元素的普通引用。 + let array_item: &JsonValue = &json_value["array"][0]; + + // 如果尝试查找一个不存在表中的键,会返回 &JsonValue::Null。 + let no_such_key: &JsonValue = &json_value["no_such_key"]; + + // 对 Array 类型查找时,若下标超过 Array 长度,也会返回 &JsonValue::Null。 + let no_such_index: &JsonValue = &json_value["array"][100]; + + // 对一个 Object 和 Array 类型以外的 JsonValue 类型使用下标访问也会返回 &JsonValue::Null。 + let invalid_index: &JsonValue = &json_value["key"]["invalid"]; + let invalid_index: &JsonValue = &json_value["key"][0]; +} +``` +也可以通过相同方法获取到对应 `JsonValue` 的可变引用,获取到可变引用后可以对其进行修改,修改时需要注意符合 JSON 语法。 +```rust +use ylong_json::JsonValue; + +// 示例的 JSON 字符串 +const JSON_TEXT: &str = r#" +{ + "key": "value", + "array": [1, 2, 3] +} +"#; + +fn modify_key_value_pair() { + // 根据示例字符串创建 JsonValue 实例,语法正确所以此处解析必定成功,使用 unwrap。 + // 此处由于需要获取可变引用,JSON 实例需要可变。 + let mut json_value = JsonValue::from_str(JSON_TEXT).unwrap(); + + // 通过 “key” 获取到对应成员的可变引用,并将其设置为数值 123。 + // 库中给许多基本类型实现了从自身到 JsonValue 的转换,所以可以通过 into() 方法转换为 JsonValue。 + // 执行此句代码后,表中内容如下: + // { + // "key": 123, + // "array": [1, 2, 3] + // } + json_value["key"] = 123_i32.into(); + + // 通过 “array” 和下标 0 获取到对应成员的可变引用,并将其设置为数值 123。 + // 执行此句代码后,表中内容如下: + // { + // "key": 123, + // "array": [123, 2, 3] + // } + json_value["array"][0] = 123_i32.into(); + + // 如果尝试获取一个不存在表中的键的可变引用,会在表中插入该键且对应值为 JsonValue::Null,并在此基础上进行修改。 + // 执行此行代码后,json_value 中会增加一个成员 “no_such_key”,且值为数值 123。 + // 表中内容如下: + // { + // "key": 123, + // "array": [123, 2, 3], + // "no_such_key": 123 + // } + json_value["no_such_key"] = 123_i32.into(); + + // 对 Array 类型的成员尝试获取可变引用时,若下标超过 Array 长度, + // 会在 Array 末尾插入一个 JsonValue::Null,并返回该位置的可变引用。 + // 执行此行代码后,json_value 的 “array” 成员的长度变为 4。 + // 表中内容如下: + // { + // "key": 123, + // "array": [123, 2, 3, 123], + // "no_such_key": 123 + // } + json_value["array"][100] = 123_i32.into(); + + // 对一个非 Object 类型使用 &str 类型或 String 下标获取可变引用时, + // 会将该值替换为一个空 Object,然后再用此下标对其进行访问。 + // 执行此代码后,json_value 的 array 成员变成 Object 类型,且含有一个键值对:“key” => 123。 + // 表中内容如下: + // { + // "key": 123, + // "array": { + // "key": 123 + // }, + // "no_such_key": 123 + // } + json_value["array"]["key"] = 123_i32.into(); + + // 对一个非 Array 类型使用 usize 类型下标获取可变引用时, + // 会将该值替换成一个空 Array,然后再用此下标对其进行访问。 + // 执行此代码后,json_value 的 key 成员变成 Array 类型,且含有一个成员: key[0] => 123 + // 表中内容如下: + // { + // "key": [123], + // "array": { + // "key": 123 + // }, + // "no_such_key": 123 + // } + json_value["key"][0] = 123_i32.into(); +} +``` + +### 功能三:输出 JSON 文本 +(1)当拥有一个 `JsonValue` 实例时,可以将该 `JsonValue` 实例转化成文本并输出到指定位置:字符串、文件、网络等。 +```rust +use std::fs::File; +use ylong_json::JsonValue; + +fn output_json_text(json_value: JsonValue) { + // 使用 to_compact_string() 接口将 json_value 输出成一个字符串。 + let string = json_value.to_compact_string().unwrap(); + + // 使用 compact_encode() 接口将 JSON 文本输出到指定实现了 io::Write 的位置,文件、io流等。 + let mut file: File = File::open("").unwrap(); + let _ = json_value.compact_encode(&mut file); +} +``` +由于 JSON 内部元素没有较强的顺序要求,所以成员的输出顺序会有一定随机性,但是不影响 JSON 文本的语义。 + +(2)可以将一个实现了第三方库 `serde::Serialize` trait 的类型实例序列化为 JSON 文本。 +```rust +use std::fs::File; +use serde::Serialize; +use ylong_json::serializer_compact::{to_string, to_writer}; + +fn output_json_text() { + #[derive(Serialize)] + struct Exmaple { + int: u32, + seq: Vec<&'static str>, + tup: (i32, i32, i32), + } + + let example = Example { + int: 1, + seq: vec!["a", "b"], + tup: (1, 2, 3), + }; + + // 使用 to_string() 接口将 value 输出成一个字符串。 + let string = to_string(&example).unwrap(); + + // 使用 to_writer() 接口将 JSON 文本输出到指定实现了 io::Write 的位置,文件、io流等。 + let mut file: File = File::open("./example.txt").unwrap(); + let _ = to_writer(&example, &mut file); +} +``` \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/figure/ylong_json_inner_structure.png b/figure/ylong_json_inner_structure.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000..9d526af Binary files /dev/null and b/figure/ylong_json_inner_structure.png differ diff --git a/figure/ylong_json_oh_relate.png b/figure/ylong_json_oh_relate.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000..95f064c Binary files /dev/null and b/figure/ylong_json_oh_relate.png differ