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Ronald Caesar 26a677f8b4 decoder: Add ARM specification docs
Signed-off-by: Ronald Caesar <github43132@proton.me>
2025-12-12 18:11:36 -04:00

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" encoding="UTF-8" href="iform.xsl" version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE instructionsection PUBLIC "-//ARM//DTD instructionsection //EN" "iform-p.dtd">
<!-- Copyright (c) 2010-2022 Arm Limited or its affiliates. All rights reserved. -->
<!-- This document is Non-Confidential. This document may only be used and distributed in accordance with the terms of the agreement entered into by Arm and the party that Arm delivered this document to. -->
<instructionsection id="BL" title="BL -- A64" type="instruction">
<docvars>
<docvar key="branch-offset" value="br26" />
<docvar key="instr-class" value="general" />
<docvar key="isa" value="A64" />
<docvar key="mnemonic" value="BL" />
</docvars>
<heading>BL</heading>
<desc>
<brief>
<para>Branch with Link</para>
</brief>
<authored>
<para>Branch with Link branches to a PC-relative offset, setting the register X30 to PC+4. It provides a hint that this is a subroutine call.</para>
</authored>
</desc>
<alias_list howmany="0"></alias_list>
<classes>
<iclass name="26-bit signed PC-relative branch offset" oneof="1" id="iclass_br26" no_encodings="1" isa="A64">
<docvars>
<docvar key="branch-offset" value="br26" />
<docvar key="instr-class" value="general" />
<docvar key="isa" value="A64" />
<docvar key="mnemonic" value="BL" />
</docvars>
<iclassintro count="1"></iclassintro>
<regdiagram form="32" psname="aarch64/instrs/branch/unconditional/immediate" tworows="1">
<box hibit="31" name="op" usename="1" settings="1" psbits="x">
<c>1</c>
</box>
<box hibit="30" width="5" settings="5">
<c>0</c>
<c>0</c>
<c>1</c>
<c>0</c>
<c>1</c>
</box>
<box hibit="25" width="26" name="imm26" usename="1">
<c colspan="26"></c>
</box>
</regdiagram>
<encoding name="BL_only_branch_imm" oneofinclass="1" oneof="1" label="">
<docvars>
<docvar key="branch-offset" value="br26" />
<docvar key="instr-class" value="general" />
<docvar key="isa" value="A64" />
<docvar key="mnemonic" value="BL" />
</docvars>
<asmtemplate><text>BL </text><a link="sa_label" hover="Label to be unconditionally branched to (field imm26)">&lt;label&gt;</a></asmtemplate>
</encoding>
<ps_section howmany="1">
<ps name="aarch64/instrs/branch/unconditional/immediate" mylink="aarch64.instrs.branch.unconditional.immediate" enclabels="" sections="1" secttype="noheading">
<pstext mayhavelinks="1" section="Decode" rep_section="decode"><a link="BranchType" file="shared_pseudocode.xml" hover="enumeration BranchType { BranchType_DIRCALL, BranchType_INDCALL, BranchType_ERET, BranchType_DBGEXIT, BranchType_RET, BranchType_DIR, BranchType_INDIR, BranchType_EXCEPTION, BranchType_TMFAIL, BranchType_RESET, BranchType_UNKNOWN}">BranchType</a> branch_type = if op == '1' then <a link="BranchType_DIRCALL" file="shared_pseudocode.xml" hover="enumeration BranchType { BranchType_DIRCALL, BranchType_INDCALL, BranchType_ERET, BranchType_DBGEXIT, BranchType_RET, BranchType_DIR, BranchType_INDIR, BranchType_EXCEPTION, BranchType_TMFAIL, BranchType_RESET, BranchType_UNKNOWN}">BranchType_DIRCALL</a> else <a link="BranchType_DIR" file="shared_pseudocode.xml" hover="enumeration BranchType { BranchType_DIRCALL, BranchType_INDCALL, BranchType_ERET, BranchType_DBGEXIT, BranchType_RET, BranchType_DIR, BranchType_INDIR, BranchType_EXCEPTION, BranchType_TMFAIL, BranchType_RESET, BranchType_UNKNOWN}">BranchType_DIR</a>;
bits(64) offset = <a link="impl-shared.SignExtend.2" file="shared_pseudocode.xml" hover="function: bits(N) SignExtend(bits(M) x, integer N)">SignExtend</a>(imm26:'00', 64);</pstext>
</ps>
</ps_section>
</iclass>
</classes>
<explanations scope="all">
<explanation enclist="BL_only_branch_imm" symboldefcount="1">
<symbol link="sa_label">&lt;label&gt;</symbol>
<account encodedin="imm26">
<intro>
<para>Is the program label to be unconditionally branched to. Its offset from the address of this instruction, in the range +/-128MB, is encoded as "imm26" times 4.</para>
</intro>
</account>
</explanation>
</explanations>
<ps_section howmany="1">
<ps name="aarch64/instrs/branch/unconditional/immediate" mylink="execute" enclabels="" sections="1" secttype="Operation">
<pstext mayhavelinks="1" section="Execute" rep_section="execute">if branch_type == <a link="BranchType_DIRCALL" file="shared_pseudocode.xml" hover="enumeration BranchType { BranchType_DIRCALL, BranchType_INDCALL, BranchType_ERET, BranchType_DBGEXIT, BranchType_RET, BranchType_DIR, BranchType_INDIR, BranchType_EXCEPTION, BranchType_TMFAIL, BranchType_RESET, BranchType_UNKNOWN}">BranchType_DIRCALL</a> then
if <a link="impl-shared.HaveGCS.0" file="shared_pseudocode.xml" hover="function: boolean HaveGCS()">HaveGCS</a>() &amp;&amp; <a link="impl-aarch64.GCSPCREnabled.1" file="shared_pseudocode.xml" hover="function: boolean GCSPCREnabled(bits(2) el)">GCSPCREnabled</a>(PSTATE.EL) then
<a link="impl-aarch64.AddGCSRecord.1" file="shared_pseudocode.xml" hover="function: AddGCSRecord(bits(64) vaddress)">AddGCSRecord</a>(<a link="impl-aarch64.PC.read.0" file="shared_pseudocode.xml" hover="accessor: bits(64) PC[]">PC</a>[] + 4);
<a link="impl-aarch64.X.write.2" file="shared_pseudocode.xml" hover="accessor: X[integer n, integer width] = bits(width) value">X</a>[30, 64] = <a link="impl-aarch64.PC.read.0" file="shared_pseudocode.xml" hover="accessor: bits(64) PC[]">PC</a>[] + 4;
boolean branch_conditional = FALSE;
<a link="impl-shared.BranchTo.3" file="shared_pseudocode.xml" hover="function: BranchTo(bits(N) target, BranchType branch_type, boolean branch_conditional)">BranchTo</a>(<a link="impl-aarch64.PC.read.0" file="shared_pseudocode.xml" hover="accessor: bits(64) PC[]">PC</a>[] + offset, branch_type, branch_conditional);</pstext>
</ps>
</ps_section>
</instructionsection>