fs2open.github.com/code/ship/ship.h

/*
 * Copyright (C) Volition, Inc. 1999.  All rights reserved.
 *
 * All source code herein is the property of Volition, Inc. You may not sell 
 * or otherwise commercially exploit the source or things you created based on the 
 * source.
 *
*/

#ifndef _SHIP_H
#define _SHIP_H

#include "ai/ai.h"
#include "fireball/fireballs.h"
#include "globalincs/globals.h"		// for defintions of token lengths -- maybe move this elsewhere later (Goober5000 - moved to globals.h)
#include "globalincs/pstypes.h"
#include "graphics/2d.h"			// for color def
#include "hud/hud.h"
#include "hud/hudparse.h"
#include "model/model.h"
#include "model/animation/modelanimation.h"
#include "network/multi_obj.h"
#include "radar/radarsetup.h"
#include "render/3d.h"
#include "species_defs/species_defs.h"
#include "weapon/shockwave.h"
#include "weapon/trails.h"
#include "ship/anchor_t.h"
#include "ship/ship_flags.h"
#include "utils/reset_on_move.h"
#include "weapon/weapon_flags.h"
#include "weapon/weapon.h"
#include "ai/ai.h"

#include <string>
#include <set>
#include <optional>
#include <particle/ParticleManager.h>

class object;
class WarpEffect;

//	Part of the player died system.
extern vec3d	Original_vec_to_deader;

//	States for player death sequence, stuffed in Player_died_state.
#define	PDS_NONE		1
#define	PDS_DIED		2
#define	PDS_EJECTED	3

#define SHIP_GUARDIAN_THRESHOLD_DEFAULT	1	// Goober5000

#define	HULL_DAMAGE_THRESHOLD_PERCENT	0.25f	//	Apply damage to hull, not shield if shield < this

// the #defines below are to avoid round-off errors
#define WEAPON_RESERVE_THRESHOLD		0.01f	// energy threshold where ship is considered to have no weapon energy system
#define SUBSYS_MAX_HITS_THRESHOLD		0.01f	// max_hits threshold where subsys is considered to take damage

#define	MAX_SHIP_SPARKS			8				// maximum number of spark emitters on a ship
#define	MAX_SHIP_DETAIL_LEVELS	5				// maximum detail levels that a ship can render at


// defines for 'direction' parameter of ship_select_next_primary()
enum class CycleDirection { NEXT, PREV };

#define BANK_1		0
#define BANK_2		1
#define BANK_3		2
#define BANK_4		3
#define BANK_5		4
#define BANK_6		5
#define BANK_7		6
#define BANK_8		7
#define BANK_9		8

#define TYPE_ATTACK_PROTECT	0
#define TYPE_REPAIR_REARM		1

#define MAX_REINFORCEMENT_MESSAGES	5

#define RF_IS_AVAILABLE			(1<<0)			// reinforcement is now available

struct reinforcements {
	char	name[NAME_LENGTH];	// ship or wing name (ship and wing names don't collide)
	int	type;						// what operations this reinforcement unit can perform
	int	uses;						// number of times reinforcemnt unit can be used
	int	num_uses;				// number of times this reinforcement was actually used
	int	arrival_delay;			// how long after called does this reinforcement appear
	int	flags;
	char	no_messages[MAX_REINFORCEMENT_MESSAGES][NAME_LENGTH];		// list of messages to possibly send when calling for reinforcement not available
	char	yes_messages[MAX_REINFORCEMENT_MESSAGES][NAME_LENGTH];	// list of messages to acknowledge reinforcement on the way

	reinforcements(const char *reinforcement_name = nullptr);
};

// Per-bank state for a weapon's external model - the model rendered at the bank's firing
// points when the ship enables $Show Primary Models: / $Show Secondary Models:.
struct external_weapon_state
{
	int model_instance = -1;		// model instance used to spin Gun_rotation submodels, or -1 if the weapon doesn't need one
	int model_instance_weapon = -1;	// the weapon the model instance state was created for, or -1 if not yet checked
	int fp_counter = 0;				// cycles through the model's firing points, for "chain external model fps" weapons
	float rotate_rate = 0.0f;		// current spin rate of the model's Gun_rotation submodels (primaries only)
	float rotate_ang = 0.0f;		// current spin angle of the model's Gun_rotation submodels (primaries only)
	bool spin_up_requested = false;	// set each frame the bank tries to fire; consumed by update_external_weapon_spin()
};

class ship_weapon {
public:
	int num_primary_banks;					// Number of primary banks (same as model)
	int num_secondary_banks;				// Number of secondary banks (same as model)
	int num_tertiary_banks;

	int primary_bank_weapons[MAX_SHIP_PRIMARY_BANKS];			// Weapon_info[] index for the weapon in the bank
	int secondary_bank_weapons[MAX_SHIP_SECONDARY_BANKS];		// Weapon_info[] index for the weapon in the bank

	external_weapon_state primary_bank_external_weapon[MAX_SHIP_PRIMARY_BANKS];
	external_weapon_state secondary_bank_external_weapon[MAX_SHIP_SECONDARY_BANKS];

	int current_primary_bank;			// currently selected primary bank
	int current_secondary_bank;		// currently selected secondary bank
	int current_tertiary_bank;

	int previous_primary_bank;
	int previous_secondary_bank;		// currently selected secondary bank

	int next_primary_fire_stamp[MAX_SHIP_PRIMARY_BANKS];			// next time this primary bank can fire
	int last_primary_fire_stamp[MAX_SHIP_PRIMARY_BANKS];			// last time this primary bank fired (mostly used by SEXPs)
	int next_secondary_fire_stamp[MAX_SHIP_SECONDARY_BANKS];		// next time this secondary bank can fire
	int last_secondary_fire_stamp[MAX_SHIP_SECONDARY_BANKS];		// last time this secondary bank fired (mostly used by SEXPs)
	int next_tertiary_fire_stamp;
	int last_primary_fire_sound_stamp[MAX_SHIP_PRIMARY_BANKS];		// trailing end of the last time this primary bank was fired, for purposes of timing the pre-launch sound

	// ballistic primary support - by Goober5000
	int primary_bank_ammo[MAX_SHIP_PRIMARY_BANKS];			// Number of missiles left in primary bank
	int primary_bank_start_ammo[MAX_SHIP_PRIMARY_BANKS];	// Number of missiles starting in primary bank
	int primary_bank_capacity[MAX_SHIP_PRIMARY_BANKS];		// Max number of projectiles in bank
	int primary_next_slot[MAX_SHIP_PRIMARY_BANKS];			// Next slot to fire in the bank
	int primary_bank_rearm_time[MAX_SHIP_PRIMARY_BANKS];	// timestamp which indicates when bank can get new projectile
	// end ballistic primary support

	float primary_bank_fof_cooldown[MAX_SHIP_PRIMARY_BANKS];      // SUSHI: Current FOF cooldown level for the primary weapon

	// dynamic weapon linking - by RSAXVC
	int primary_bank_slot_count[MAX_SHIP_PRIMARY_BANKS];	// Fire this many slots at a time
	int dynamic_firing_pattern[MAX_SHIP_PRIMARY_BANKS];		// Index into ship_info's dyn_firing_patterns_allowed
	// end dynamic weapon linking

	int secondary_bank_ammo[MAX_SHIP_SECONDARY_BANKS];			// Number of missiles left in secondary bank
	int secondary_bank_start_ammo[MAX_SHIP_SECONDARY_BANKS];	// Number of missiles starting in secondary bank -- Every time the secondary bank changes, this must change too!
	int secondary_bank_capacity[MAX_SHIP_SECONDARY_BANKS];		// Max number of missiles in bank
	int secondary_next_slot[MAX_SHIP_SECONDARY_BANKS];			// Next slot to fire in the bank
	int secondary_bank_rearm_time[MAX_SHIP_SECONDARY_BANKS];	// timestamp which indicates when bank can get new missile

	int tertiary_bank_ammo;			// Number of shots left tertiary bank
	int tertiary_bank_start_ammo;	// Number of shots starting in tertiary bank
	int tertiary_bank_capacity;		// Max number of shots in bank
	int tertiary_bank_rearm_time;	// timestamp which indicates when bank can get new something (used for ammopod or boostpod)

	int remote_detonaters_active;
	int detonate_weapon_time;			//	time at which last fired weapon can be detonated
	int ai_class;

	int firing_loop_sounds[MAX_SHIP_PRIMARY_BANKS]; // objsnd indices, 
													// -2 is a special value used to mean 'a loop WOULD be going on right now' 
													// but the modder did not actually specify a loop sound

	flagset<Ship::Weapon_Flags> flags;

	EModelAnimationPosition primary_animation_position[MAX_SHIP_PRIMARY_BANKS];
	EModelAnimationPosition secondary_animation_position[MAX_SHIP_SECONDARY_BANKS];
	int primary_animation_done_time[MAX_SHIP_PRIMARY_BANKS];
	int  secondary_animation_done_time[MAX_SHIP_SECONDARY_BANKS];

	int	burst_counter[MAX_SHIP_PRIMARY_BANKS + MAX_SHIP_SECONDARY_BANKS];
	int	burst_seed[MAX_SHIP_PRIMARY_BANKS + MAX_SHIP_SECONDARY_BANKS];    // A random seed, recalculated only when the weapon's burst resets

	SCP_vector<int> primary_firepoint_indices[MAX_SHIP_PRIMARY_BANKS];	// A list of firepoint indices which is shuffled for random fire ordering
	int primary_firepoint_next_to_fire_index[MAX_SHIP_PRIMARY_BANKS];	// For cycle firing modes, keeps track of which firepoint we're on
																		// For randomized ones, keeps track of where we are in primary_firepoint_indices

	size_t primary_bank_substitution_pattern_index[MAX_SHIP_PRIMARY_BANKS];
	size_t secondary_bank_substitution_pattern_index[MAX_SHIP_SECONDARY_BANKS];

	// for type5 beams, keeps track of accumulated per burst rotation, added to with each shot (or burst)
	float per_burst_rot;

	/**
	 * @brief Constructor. Calls clear()
	 */
    ship_weapon();

	/**
	 * @brief Inits ship_weapon
	 */
	void clear();
};

//**************************************************************
//WMC - Damage type handling code

int damage_type_add(const char *name);

//**************************************************************
//WMC - Armor stuff

// Nuke: some defines for difficulty scaling type
#define ADT_DIFF_SCALE_BAD_VAL	-1 // error mode 
#define ADT_DIFF_SCALE_FIRST	0
#define ADT_DIFF_SCALE_LAST		1
#define ADT_DIFF_SCALE_MANUAL	2 // this is the user defined mode where the modder has to handle difficulty scaling in their calculations

// Nuke: +value: replacing constants
// these are stored as altArguments, positive values mean storage idxes and -1 means not used, anything below that is fair game
#define AT_CONSTANT_NOT_USED	-1	// will probibly never get used
#define AT_CONSTANT_BAD_VAL		-2	// this conveys table error to the user 
#define AT_CONSTANT_BASE_DMG	-3	// what the damage was at start of calculations
#define AT_CONSTANT_CURRENT_DMG	-4	// what the damage currently is
#define AT_CONSTANT_DIFF_FACTOR	-5	// difficulty factor (by default 0.2 (easy) to 1.0 (insane))
#define AT_CONSTANT_RANDOM		-6	// number between 0 and 1 (redundant but saves a calculation)
#define AT_CONSTANT_PI			-7	// because everyone likes pi

struct ArmorDamageType
{
	friend class ArmorType;
private:
	//Rather than make an extra struct,
	//I just made two arrays
	int					DamageTypeIndex;
	SCP_vector<int>	Calculations;
	SCP_vector<float>	Arguments;
	SCP_vector<int>		altArguments;		// Nuke: to facilitate optional importation of data in place of +value: tag -nuke 
	float				shieldpierce_pct;

	// piercing effect data
	float				piercing_start_pct;
	int					piercing_type;
	// Nuke: difficulty scale type
	int					difficulty_scale_type;

public:
	void clear();
};

class ArmorType
{
private:
	char Name[NAME_LENGTH];

	SCP_vector<ArmorDamageType> DamageTypes;
public:
	ArmorType(const char* in_name);
	int flags;

	//Get
	char *GetNamePtr(){return Name;}
	bool IsName(const char* in_name) { return (stricmp(in_name, Name) == 0); }
	float GetDamage(float damage_applied, int in_damage_type_idx, float diff_dmg_scale, bool is_beam);
	float GetShieldPiercePCT(int damage_type_idx);
	int GetPiercingType(int damage_type_idx);
	float GetPiercingLimit(int damage_type_idx);
	
	//Set
	void ParseData();
};

extern SCP_vector<ArmorType> Armor_types;

// Caps how far the guarder will stray from the guarded ship while guarding it; range <= 0 removes the cap
void set_guard_range_ship(float range, int guarded_shipnum, ship* guarder_shipp);
// Returns the guarder's cap for the guarded ship, or -1 if there is none
float get_guard_range_ship(int guarded_shipnum, const ship* guarder_shipp);
// Removes the caps that all ships have for the guarded ship
void clear_guard_ranges_for_ship(int guarded_shipnum);

//**************************************************************
//WMC - Damage type handling code

typedef struct DamageTypeStruct
{
	char name[NAME_LENGTH];
} DamageTypeStruct;

extern SCP_vector<DamageTypeStruct>	Damage_types;

#define SAF_IGNORE_SS_ARMOR			(1 << 0)		// hull armor is applied regardless of the subsystem armor for hull damage

#define SADTF_PIERCING_NONE			0				// no piercing effects, no beam tooling
#define SADTF_PIERCING_DEFAULT		1				// piercing effects, beam tooling
#define SADTF_PIERCING_RETAIL		2				// no piercing effects, beam tooling

//SUSHI: Damage lightning types. SLT = Ship Lighting Type.
#define SLT_NONE	0
#define SLT_DEFAULT	1

#define NUM_TURRET_ORDER_TYPES		3
extern const char *Turret_target_order_names[NUM_TURRET_ORDER_TYPES];	//aiturret.cpp

#define NUM_TURRET_TYPES 4
extern const char* Turret_valid_types[NUM_TURRET_TYPES];

// Swifty: Cockpit displays
typedef struct cockpit_display {
	int target;
	int source;
	int foreground;
	int background;
	int offset[2];
	int size[2];
	char name[MAX_FILENAME_LEN];
} cockpit_display;

extern bool Disable_cockpits;
extern bool Disable_cockpit_sway;

extern SCP_vector<cockpit_display> Player_displays;

typedef struct cockpit_display_info {
	char name[MAX_FILENAME_LEN];
	char filename[MAX_FILENAME_LEN];
	char fg_filename[MAX_FILENAME_LEN];
	char bg_filename[MAX_FILENAME_LEN];
	int offset[2];
	int size[2];
} cockpit_display_info;

// structure to keep track of ship locks
typedef struct lock_info {
	object *obj;
	ship_subsys *subsys;

	vec3d world_pos;

	int current_target_sx;
	int current_target_sy;

	bool locked;
	int maintain_lock_count;
	int indicator_x;
	int indicator_y;
	int indicator_start_x;
	int indicator_start_y;
	bool indicator_visible;
	float time_to_lock;
	float dist_to_lock;
	int catching_up;
	float catch_up_distance;
	float last_dist_to_target;
	double accumulated_x_pixels;
	double accumulated_y_pixels;
	bool need_new_start_pos;
	bool target_in_lock_cone;

	float lock_gauge_time_elapsed;
	float lock_anim_time_elapsed;
} lock_info;

struct guard_range_entry {
	float range;
	int shipnum;
	guard_range_entry(float _range, int _shipnum) : range(_range), shipnum(_shipnum) {}
};

// structure definition for a linked list of subsystems for a ship.  Each subsystem has a pointer
// to the static data for the subsystem.  The obj_subsystem data is defined and read in the model
// code.  Other dynamic data (such as current_hits) should remain in this structure.
class ship_subsys
{
public:
	class ship_subsys *next, *prev;				//	Index of next and previous objects in list.
	model_subsystem *system_info;					// pointer to static data for this subsystem -- see model.h for definition

	int			parent_objnum;						// objnum of the parent ship
	int			parent_subsys_index;				// index of this subsystem in the parent ship's linked list -- Do not access manually, use parent_subsys_index() as this may not yet be cached.

	char		sub_name[NAME_LENGTH];					//WMC - Name that overrides name of original
	float		current_hits;							// current number of hits this subsystem has left.
	float		max_hits;

	flagset<Ship::Subsystem_Flags> flags;						// Goober5000

	int subsys_guardian_threshold;	// Goober5000
	int armor_type_idx;				// FUBAR

	// turret info
	//Important -WMC
	//With the new turret code, indexes run from 0 to MAX_SHIP_WEAPONS; a value of MAX_SHIP_PRIMARY_WEAPONS
	//or higher, an index into the turret weapons is considered to be an index into the secondary weapons
	//for much of the code. See turret_next_weap_fire_stamp.

	vec3d	turret_last_fire_direction;		//	direction pointing last time this turret fired
	int		turret_next_enemy_check_stamp;	//	time at which to next look for a new enemy.
	int		turret_next_fire_stamp;				// next time this turret can fire
	TIMESTAMP		turret_last_fired;				// time when the turret last fired any weapon
	int		turret_enemy_objnum;					//	object index of ship this turret is firing upon
	int		turret_enemy_sig;						//	signature of object ship this turret is firing upon
	int		turret_next_fire_pos;				// counter which tells us which gun position to fire from next
	float	turret_time_enemy_in_range;		//	Number of seconds enemy in view cone, accuracy improves over time.
	int		turret_targeting_order[NUM_TURRET_ORDER_TYPES];	//Order that turrets target different types of things.
	float	optimum_range;					        
	float	favor_current_facing;					        
	ship_subsys	*targeted_subsys;					//	subsystem this turret is attacking
	bool	scripting_target_override;
	int		last_fired_weapon_info_index;		// which weapon class was last fired
	int		shared_fire_direction_beam_objnum;		// reference beam for shared fire direction

	int		turret_pick_big_attack_point_timestamp;	//	Next time to pick an attack point for this turret
	vec3d	turret_big_attack_point;			//	local coordinate of point for this turret to attack on enemy

	float   turret_inaccuracy;						// additional SEXP inaccuracy, field of fire degrees

	EModelAnimationPosition	turret_animation_position;
	int		turret_animation_done_time;

	// swarm (rapid fire) info
	int		turret_swarm_info_index[MAX_TFP];	
	int		turret_swarm_num;	

	// awacs info
	float		awacs_intensity;
	float		awacs_radius;

	ship_weapon	weapons;

	// Data the renderer needs for ship instance specific data, like
	// angles and if it is blown off or not.
	// There are 2 of these because turrets need one for the turret and one for the barrel.
	// Things like radar dishes would only use one.
	submodel_instance *submodel_instance_1;		// Instance data for main turret or main object
	submodel_instance *submodel_instance_2;		// Instance data for turret guns, if there is one

	int disruption_timestamp;							// time at which subsystem isn't disrupted

	int subsys_cargo_name;			// cap ship cargo on subsys
	char subsys_cargo_title[NAME_LENGTH];  // cap ship cargo title (IE: Cargo: or Passengers:)
	fix time_subsys_cargo_revealed;	// added by Goober5000

	int triggered_rotation_index;		//the actual currently running animation and assosiated states

	float points_to_target;
	float base_rotation_rate_pct;
	float gun_rotation_rate_pct;

	// still going through these...
	flagset<Ship::Subsys_Sound_Flags> subsys_snd_flags;

	int      rotation_timestamp;

	// target priority setting for turrets
	int      target_priority[32];
	int      num_target_priorities;

	//SUSHI: Fields for max_turret_aim_update_delay
	//Only used when targeting small ships
	fix		next_aim_pos_time;
	vec3d	last_aim_enemy_pos;
	vec3d	last_aim_enemy_vel;

	//scaler for setting adjusted turret rof
	float	rof_scaler;

	//Per-turret ownage settings - SUSHI
	int turret_max_bomb_ownage; 
	int turret_max_target_ownage;

	// multiplayer
	TIMESTAMP info_from_server_stamp;

	ship_subsys()
		: next(NULL), prev(NULL)
	{}

	void clear();
};

// The head sentinel of a ship's intrusive subsystem list.  The sentinel's
// address is meaningful: the first node's prev and the last node's next point
// back at it, and an empty list is self-referential (after list_init) or
// null-linked (after construction or ship::clear).  Moving a ship would
// otherwise leave the bookend nodes pointing at the old sentinel address, so
// the move operations re-link them.  Copying is deleted: a copied sentinel
// would alias another list's nodes.
struct ship_subsys_sentinel : public ship_subsys
{
	ship_subsys_sentinel() = default;

	ship_subsys_sentinel(const ship_subsys_sentinel &) = delete;
	ship_subsys_sentinel &operator=(const ship_subsys_sentinel &) = delete;

	ship_subsys_sentinel(ship_subsys_sentinel &&other) noexcept
	{
		take_links_from(other);
	}

	ship_subsys_sentinel &operator=(ship_subsys_sentinel &&other) noexcept
	{
		if (this != &other)
		{
			Assertion(next == nullptr || next == this, "Move-assigning over a sentinel whose subsystem list is not empty!  The destination's subsystems would be orphaned.");
			take_links_from(other);
		}
		return *this;
	}

private:
	void take_links_from(ship_subsys_sentinel &other) noexcept
	{
		if (other.next == nullptr)
		{
			// other was never list_init'd; match that state
			next = nullptr;
			prev = nullptr;
		}
		else if (other.next == &other)
		{
			// other is an initialized empty list
			next = this;
			prev = this;
		}
		else
		{
			// take ownership of the chain and re-point the bookends
			next = other.next;
			prev = other.prev;
			next->prev = this;
			prev->next = this;
		}
		// leave other as an initialized empty list, which is safe to iterate
		other.next = &other;
		other.prev = &other;
	}
};

// structure for subsystems which tells us the total count of a particular type of subsystem (i.e.
// we might have 3 engines), and the relative strength of the subsystem.  The #defines in model.h
// for SUBSYSTEM_xxx will be used as indices into this array.
typedef struct ship_subsys_info {
	int	type_count;					// number of subsystems of type on this ship;
	float aggregate_max_hits;		// maximum number of hits for all subsystems of this type.
	float aggregate_current_hits;	// current count of hits for all subsystems of this type.	
} ship_subsys_info;

// Karajorma - Used by the alter-ship-flag SEXP as an alternative to having lots of ship flag SEXPs
typedef struct ship_flag_name {
	Ship::Ship_Flags flag;							// the actual ship flag constant as given by the define below
	char flag_name[TOKEN_LENGTH];		// the name written to the mission file for its corresponding parse_object flag
} ship_flag_name;

typedef struct ship_flag_description {
	Ship::Ship_Flags flag;
	const char *flag_desc;
} ship_flag_description;

extern ship_flag_name Ship_flag_names[];
extern ship_flag_description Ship_flag_descriptions[];
extern const size_t Num_ship_flag_names;
extern const size_t Num_ship_flag_descriptions;

typedef struct wing_flag_name {
	Ship::Wing_Flags flag;
	char flag_name[TOKEN_LENGTH];
} wing_flag_name;

typedef struct wing_flag_description {
	Ship::Wing_Flags flag;
	const char *flag_desc;
} wing_flag_description;

extern wing_flag_name Wing_flag_names[];
extern wing_flag_description Wing_flag_descriptions[];
extern const size_t Num_wing_flag_names;
extern const size_t Num_wing_flag_descriptions;

#define DEFAULT_SHIP_PRIMITIVE_SENSOR_RANGE		10000	// Goober5000

#define MAX_DAMAGE_SLOTS	32
#define MAX_SHIP_DAMAGE_ARCS	5   // How many damage or emp "arcs" can be active at once
#define NUM_SUB_EXPL_HANDLES	2	// How many different big ship sub explosion sounds can be played.

#define MAX_SHIP_CONTRAILS		24

typedef struct ship_spark {
	vec3d pos;			// position of spark in the submodel's RF
	int submodel_num;	// which submodel is making the spark
	int end_time;
} ship_spark;

template <class T>
struct reload_pct
{
	void init(int num_banks, int points_per_bank, T value)
	{
		_points_per_bank = points_per_bank;
		_buffer.clear();
		_buffer.resize(num_banks * points_per_bank, value);
		_value = value;
	}

	T& get(int bank, int point)
	{
		int pos = bank * _points_per_bank + point;

		// this can happen with mismatched ships.tbl and models
		if (pos >= (int)_buffer.size())
			return _value;

		return _buffer[pos];
	}

	void set(int bank, int point, T value)
	{
		int pos = bank * _points_per_bank + point;

		// this can happen with mismatched ships.tbl and models
		if (pos >= (int)_buffer.size())
			return;

		_buffer[pos] = value;
	}

private:
	int _points_per_bank = 0;
	T _value;
	SCP_vector<T> _buffer;
};

struct ship_electrical_arc : electrical_arc
{
	TIMESTAMP timestamp;	// When this times out, the spark goes away.  Invalid is not used

	// if this vector exists, these points will be used instead of the ones generated on each frame by interp_generate_arc_segment()
	std::unique_ptr<SCP_vector<vec3d>>	persistent_arc_points;
};

// NOTE: Can't be treated as a struct anymore, since it has STL data structures in its object tree!
class ship
{
public:
	int	objnum;
	int	ai_index;			// Index in Ai_info of ai_info associated with this ship.
	int	ship_info_index;	// Index in ship_info for this ship
	int	hotkey;
	int	escort_priority;
	int	score;
	float assist_score_pct;
	int	respawn_priority;
	
	// BEGIN PACK ubytes and chars
	ubyte	pre_death_explosion_happened;		// If set, it means the 4 or 5 smaller explosions 
	ubyte wash_killed;
	char	cargo1;
	char cargo_title[NAME_LENGTH];

	// ship wing status info
	char	wing_status_wing_index;			// wing index (0-4) in wingman status gauge
	char	wing_status_wing_pos;			// wing position (0-5) in wingman status gauge

	// alternate indexes
	int	 alt_type_index;								// only used for display purposes (read : safe)
	int	 callsign_index;								// ditto

	// targeting laser info
	char targeting_laser_bank;						// -1 if not firing, index into polymodel gun points if it _is_ firing
	int targeting_laser_objnum;					// -1 if invalid, beam object # otherwise

	// corkscrew missile stuff
	ubyte num_corkscrew_to_fire;						// # of corkscrew missiles lef to fire
	int corkscrew_missile_bank;
	int next_corkscrew_fire;						// next time to fire a corkscrew missile
	// END PACK

	int	final_death_time;				// Time until big fireball starts
	int	really_final_death_time;	// Time until ship breaks up and disappears
	vec3d	deathroll_rotvel;			// Desired death rotational velocity

	std::unique_ptr<WarpEffect> warpin_effect;
	std::unique_ptr<WarpEffect> warpout_effect;

	int warpin_params_index;
	int warpout_params_index;

	int	next_fireball;

	int	next_hit_spark;
	int	num_sparks;			//	Note, this is the number of spark emitter positions!
	ship_spark	sparks[MAX_SHIP_SPARKS];
	
	bool use_special_explosion; 
	int special_exp_damage;					// new special explosion/hitpoints system
	int special_exp_blast;
	int special_exp_inner;
	int special_exp_outer;
	bool use_shockwave;
	int special_exp_shockwave_speed;
	int special_exp_deathroll_time;

	int	special_hitpoints;
	int	special_shield;

	float ship_max_shield_strength;
	float ship_max_hull_strength;

	float max_shield_recharge;
	float max_shield_regen_per_second;		// wookieejedi - make this a ship object variable
	float max_weapon_regen_per_second;		// wookieejedi - make this a ship object variable

	int ship_guardian_threshold;	// Goober5000 - now also determines whether ship is guardian'd
	SCP_vector<guard_range_entry> max_guard_ranges;	// per-guarded-ship caps on this ship's guard engagement/resume range
	float max_guard_radius;	// cap for every ship guarding this one, used when the guarder has no cap of its own; <= 0 means unused


	char	ship_name[NAME_LENGTH];
	SCP_string display_name;

	int	team;				//	Which team it's on, HOSTILE, FRIENDLY, UNKNOWN, NEUTRAL
	
	fix	time_cargo_revealed;					// time at which the cargo was revealed

	ArrivalLocation arrival_location;
	int	arrival_distance;		// how far away this ship should arrive
	anchor_t arrival_anchor;		// ship registry index of object this ship arrives near (or in front of)
	int	arrival_path_mask;		// Goober5000 - possible restrictions on which bay paths to use
	int	arrival_cue;
	int	arrival_delay;

	DepartureLocation departure_location;	// depart to hyperspace or someplace else (like docking bay)
	anchor_t departure_anchor;		// when docking bay -- ship registry index of ship to use
	int departure_path_mask;	// Goober5000 - possible restrictions on which bay paths to use
	int	departure_cue;			// sexpression to eval when departing
	int	departure_delay;		// time in seconds after sexp is true that we delay.

	int	wingnum;								// wing number this ship is in.  -1 if in no wing, Wing array index otherwise
	SCP_set<size_t> orders_accepted;				// set of orders this ship will accept from the player.
	SCP_set<size_t> orders_allowed_against;		// set of orders for which this ship cannot be a target.

	// Subsystem fields.  The subsys_list is a list of all subsystems (which might include multiple types
	// of a particular subsystem, like engines).  The subsys_info struct is information for particular
	// types of subsystems.  (i.e. the list might contain 3 engines.  There will be one subsys_info entry
	// describing the state of all engines combined) -- MWA 4/1/97
	ship_subsys_sentinel	subsys_list;						//	linked list of subsystems for this ship.
	std::unique_ptr<ship_subsys*[]> subsys_list_indexer;		//	provides random-access lookup to the linked list
	ship_subsys	*last_targeted_subobject[MAX_PLAYERS];	// Last subobject that has been targeted.  NULL if none;(player specific)
	ship_subsys_info	subsys_info[SUBSYSTEM_MAX];		// info on particular generic types of subsystems	

	// ETS fields
	int	shield_recharge_index;			// index into array holding the shield recharge rate
	int	weapon_recharge_index;			// index into array holding the weapon recharge rate
	int	engine_recharge_index;			// index into array holding the engine recharge rate
	float	weapon_energy;						// Number of EUs in energy reserves
	int	next_manage_ets;					// timestamp for when ai can next modify ets ( -1 means never )
	float prev_engine_strength;	// used only in update_ets() to allow for minimizing overrides to max speed --Asteroth and wookieejedi

	flagset<Ship::Ship_Flags>	flags;		// flag variable to contain ship state
	int	reinforcement_index;				// index into reinforcement struct or -1
	
	float	afterburner_fuel;					// amount of afterburner fuel remaining (capacity is stored
												// as afterburner_fuel_capacity in ship_info).
	float   afterburner_last_engage_fuel;      // the fuel level when the afterburners were last engaged
	int   afterburner_last_end_time;         // timestamp when the ship last stopped its afterburner

	int cmeasure_count;						//	Number of charges of countermeasures this ship can hold.
	int current_cmeasure;					//	Currently selected countermeasure.

	int cmeasure_fire_stamp;				//	Time at which can fire countermeasure.

	float	target_shields_delta;			//	Target for shield recharge system.
	float	target_weapon_energy_delta;	//	Target for recharge system.
	ship_weapon	weapons;

	int	shield_hits;						//	Number of hits on shield this frame.

	SCP_vector<vec3d>	shield_points;

	float		wash_intensity;
	vec3d	wash_rot_axis;
	int		wash_timestamp;

	SCP_vector<lock_info> missile_locks;
	SCP_vector<lock_info> missile_locks_firing;

	int	num_swarm_missiles_to_fire;	// number of swarm missiles that need to be launched
	int	next_swarm_fire;					// timestamp of next swarm missile to fire
	int	num_turret_swarm_info;			// number of turrets in process of launching swarm
	int swarm_missile_bank;				// The missilebank the swarm was originally launched from

	int	group;								// group ship is in, or -1 if none.  Fred thing
	SCP_string fred_layer = "Default";		// FRED view layer assignment
	sound_handle death_roll_snd;            // id of death roll sound, may need to be stopped early
	int	ship_list_index;					// index of ship in Ship_objs[] array

	int	thruster_bitmap;					// What frame the current thruster bitmap is at for this ship
	float	thruster_frame;					// Used to keep track of which frame the animation should be on.

	int	thruster_glow_bitmap;			// What frame the current thruster engine glow bitmap is at for this ship
	float	thruster_glow_frame;				// Used to keep track of which frame the engine glow animation should be on.
	float	thruster_glow_noise;				// Noise for current frame

	int	thruster_secondary_glow_bitmap;		// Bobboau
	int	thruster_tertiary_glow_bitmap;		// Bobboau
	int	thruster_distortion_bitmap;			// Valathil

	int	next_engine_stutter;				// timestamp to time the engine stuttering when a ship dies

	TIMESTAMP base_texture_anim_timestamp;	// Goober5000 - zero mark for texture animations

	float total_damage_received;        // total damage received (for scoring purposes)
	float damage_ship[MAX_DAMAGE_SLOTS];    // damage applied from each player
	int   damage_ship_id[MAX_DAMAGE_SLOTS]; // signature of the damager (corresponds to each entry in damage_ship)
	int	persona_index;						// which persona is this guy.

	int	subsys_disrupted_flags;					// bitflags used to check if SUBYSTEM_* is disrupted or not
	int	subsys_disrupted_check_timestamp;	// timer to control how oftern flags are set/cleared in subsys_disrupted_flags

	uint	create_time;						// time ship was created, set by gettime()

	// keep multiplayer specific stuff below this point	
	int	ts_index;							// index into the team select and Wss_slots array (or -1 if not in one of those arrays)

	int	large_ship_blowup_index;			// -1 if not a large ship exploding, else this is an index used by the shipfx large ship exploding code.
	std::array<sound_handle, NUM_SUB_EXPL_HANDLES> sub_expl_sound_handle;

	// Stuff for showing electrical arcs on damaged ships
	SCP_vector<ship_electrical_arc> electrical_arcs;
	TIMESTAMP		arc_next_time;							// When the next damage/emp arc will be created.
	SCP_vector<TIMESTAMP>		passive_arc_next_times;		// When the next passive ship arc will be created.

	// emp missile stuff
	float emp_intensity;								// <= 0.0f if no emp effect present
	float emp_decr;									// how much to decrement EMP effect per second for this ship

	// contrail stuff
	trail *trail_ptr[MAX_SHIP_CONTRAILS];	

	// tag stuff
	float tag_total;									// total tag time
	float tag_left;									// total tag remaining	
	fix	time_first_tagged;
	float level2_tag_total;							// total tag time
	float level2_tag_left;							// total tag remaining	

	// lightning timestamp
	int lightning_stamp;

	// AWACS warning flag
	flagset<Ship::Awacs_Warning_Flags>	awacs_warning_flag;

	// Special warp objnum (warping at knossos)
	int special_warpin_objnum;
	int special_warpout_objnum;

	ship_subsys fighter_beam_turret_data;		//a fake subsystem that pretends to be a turret for fighter beams
	model_subsystem beam_sys_info;
	int was_firing_last_frame[MAX_SHIP_PRIMARY_BANKS];

	// Goober5000 - range of primitive sensors
	int primitive_sensor_range;

	// Goober5000 - index into pm->view_positions[]
	// apparently, early in FS1 development, there was a field called current_eye_index
	// that had this same functionality
	int current_viewpoint;

	trail *ABtrail_ptr[MAX_SHIP_CONTRAILS];		//after burner trails -Bobboau
	trail_info ab_info[MAX_SHIP_CONTRAILS];
	int ab_count;

	// glow points
	std::deque<bool> glow_point_bank_active;

	//Animated Shader effects
	int shader_effect_num;
	int shader_effect_duration;
	TIMESTAMP shader_effect_timestamp;

	float alpha_mult;

	ship_subsys *last_fired_turret; // which turret has fired last

	// fighter bay door stuff, parent side
	int bay_doors_anim_done_time;		// ammount of time to transition from one animation state to another
	EModelAnimationPosition bay_doors_status;			// anim status of the bay doors (closed/not-animating, opening, open/not-animating)
	int bay_doors_wanting_open;		// how many ships want/need the bay door open

	// figther bay door stuff, client side
	ubyte bay_doors_launched_from;	// the bay door that I launched from
	bool bay_doors_need_open;		// keep track of whether I need the door open or not
	int bay_doors_parent_shipnum;	// our parent ship, what we are entering/leaving
	
	reload_pct<float> secondary_point_reload_pct;	//after fireing a secondary it takes some time for that secondary weapon to reload, this is how far along in that proces it is (from 0 to 1)

	SCP_vector<std::tuple<TIMESTAMP, int, float>> rcs_activity;	//Timestamp of when thrusters started
																//Sound index for thrusters
																//Thruster status

	SCP_vector<alt_class> s_alt_classes;	

	SCP_map<std::pair<int, int>, int> ship_iff_color;

	int ammo_low_complaint_count;				// number of times this ship has complained about low ammo
	int armor_type_idx;
	int shield_armor_type_idx;
	int collision_damage_type_idx;
	int debris_damage_type_idx;
	ushort debris_net_sig;						// net signiture of the first piece of debris this ship has

	int model_instance_num;

	fix time_created;

	fix radar_visible_since; // The first time this ship was visible on the radar. Gets reset when ship is not visible anymore
	fix radar_last_contact; // The last time this ship appeared on the radar. When it is currently visible this has the value if Missiontime

	RadarVisibility radar_last_status; // Last radar status
	RadarVisibility radar_current_status; // Current radar status

	SCP_string team_name;
	SCP_string secondary_team_name;	//If the change-team-color sexp is used, these fields control the fading behaviour
	fix team_change_timestamp;
	int team_change_time;

	float autoaim_fov;
	float bank_autoaim_fov[MAX_SHIP_PRIMARY_BANKS];

	int cockpit_model_instance;

	TIMESTAMP	multi_client_collision_timestamp;

	enum warpstage {
		STAGE1 = 0,
		STAGE2,
		BOTH,
	};

	// Ships support moving but not copying.  The defaulted moves are correct
	// because the members carry the smarts: the subsys_list sentinel re-links
	// its bookend nodes, and the owning pointers are unique_ptrs.  Callers must
	// still fix up external back-references (Objects[].instance,
	// Ai_info[].shipnum, etc.) -- see reassign_ship_slot in
	// missioneditor/common.cpp.
	// All the defaulted special member functions are defaulted in ship.cpp
	// rather than here because they need the complete WarpEffect type.
	// The moves are not declared noexcept because the implicit exception
	// specification differs by standard library: MSVC and clang compute
	// nothrow, but libstdc++ computes potentially-throwing for some members,
	// making an explicit noexcept ill-formed there (a defaulted redeclaration
	// may not strengthen the implicit specification).  The NOLINTs suppress
	// clang-tidy's performance-noexcept-move-constructor, which only sees
	// clang's computation.
	ship();
	~ship();
	ship(const ship &) = delete;
	ship &operator=(const ship &) = delete;
	ship(ship &&);				// NOLINT(performance-noexcept-move-constructor)
	ship &operator=(ship &&);	// NOLINT(performance-noexcept-move-constructor)

	// reset to a completely blank ship
	void clear();

    //Helper functions
	bool is_arriving(ship::warpstage stage = ship::warpstage::BOTH, bool dock_leader_or_single = false) const;
	inline bool is_departing() const { return flags.any_of(Ship::Ship_Flags::Depart_warp,Ship::Ship_Flags::Depart_dockbay); }
	inline bool cannot_warp_flags() const { return flags.any_of(Ship::Ship_Flags::Warp_broken,Ship::Ship_Flags::Warp_never,Ship::Ship_Flags::Disabled,Ship::Ship_Flags::No_subspace_drive); }
	inline bool is_dying_or_departing() const { return is_departing() || flags[Ship::Ship_Flags::Dying]; }

	const char* get_display_name() const;
	bool has_display_name() const;

	void apply_replacement_textures(const SCP_vector<texture_replace> &replacements);
};

struct ai_target_priority {
	char name[NAME_LENGTH];

	int obj_type;
	SCP_vector <int> ship_type;
	SCP_vector <int> ship_class;
	SCP_vector <int> weapon_class;

	flagset<Object::Object_Flags> obj_flags;
    flagset<Ship::Info_Flags> sif_flags;
	flagset<Weapon::Info_Flags> wif_flags;
};

extern SCP_vector <ai_target_priority> Ai_tp_list;

void parse_ai_target_priorities();
void parse_weapon_targeting_priorities();
ai_target_priority init_ai_target_priorities();

// structure and array def for ships that have exited the game.  Keeps track of certain useful
// information.

typedef struct exited_ship {
	char	ship_name[NAME_LENGTH];
	SCP_string display_name;
	int		obj_signature;
	int		ship_class;
	int		team;
	int		wingnum;
	flagset<Ship::Exit_Flags> flags;
	fix		time;
	int		hull_strength;
	fix		time_cargo_revealed;
	char	cargo1;
	float damage_ship[MAX_DAMAGE_SLOTS];		// A copy of the arrays from the ship so that we can figure out what damaged it
	int   damage_ship_id[MAX_DAMAGE_SLOTS];
} exited_ship;

extern SCP_vector<exited_ship> Ships_exited;

// a couple of functions to get at the data
extern void ship_add_exited_ship( ship *shipp, Ship::Exit_Flags reason );
extern int ship_find_exited_ship_by_name( const char *name );
extern int ship_find_exited_ship_by_signature( int signature);

// Stuff for overall ship status, useful for reference by sexps and scripts.  Status changes occur in the same frame as mission log entries.
enum class ShipStatus
{
	// The ship_registry_entry hasn't been initialized yet
	INVALID = 0,

	// A ship is on the arrival list as a parse object
	NOT_YET_PRESENT,

	// A ship is currently in-mission, and its objp and shipp pointers are valid
	PRESENT,

	// A ship has been destroyed but is still doing its death roll (not yet "exited");
	// the objp and shipp pointers are still valid
	DEATH_ROLL,

	// A ship is destroyed, departed, or vanished; the objp and shipp pointers are nullptr.
	// Note that for destroyed ships, ship_cleanup is not called until the death roll is complete,
	// so the ship will spend a period of time in DEATH_ROLL before moving to EXITED.
	EXITED
};

struct ship_registry_entry
{
	ShipStatus status = ShipStatus::INVALID;
	char name[NAME_LENGTH] = { 0 };

	int pobj_num = -1;
	int objnum = -1;
	int shipnum = -1;

	int cleanup_mode = 0;
	int exited_index = -1;

	ship_registry_entry(const char* _name);

	inline bool has_p_objp() const { return pobj_num >= 0; }
	inline bool has_objp() const { return objnum >= 0; }
	inline bool has_shipp() const { return shipnum >= 0; }

	p_object* p_objp() const;
	object* objp() const;
	ship* shipp() const;

	p_object* p_objp_or_null() const;
	object* objp_or_null() const;
	ship* shipp_or_null() const;

	ship_info* sip() const;
	int ship_class_index() const;
};

extern SCP_vector<ship_registry_entry> Ship_registry;
extern SCP_unordered_map<SCP_string, int, SCP_string_lcase_hash, SCP_string_lcase_equal_to> Ship_registry_map;

extern int ship_registry_get_index(const char *name);
extern int ship_registry_get_index(const SCP_string &name);
extern bool ship_registry_exists(const char *name);
extern bool ship_registry_exists(const SCP_string &name);
extern bool ship_registry_exists(int index);
extern const ship_registry_entry *ship_registry_get(const char *name);
extern const ship_registry_entry *ship_registry_get(const SCP_string &name);
extern const ship_registry_entry *ship_registry_get(int index);
extern const ship_registry_entry *ship_registry_get(anchor_t anchor);
extern void ship_registry_rename(int entry_index, const char *new_name, bool erase_old_key);

#define REGULAR_WEAPON	(1<<0)
#define DOGFIGHT_WEAPON (1<<1)

typedef struct ship_passive_arc_info {
	std::pair<int, int> submodels;
	std::pair<SCP_string, SCP_string> submodel_strings; // the string names from parsing, to be looked up and used to fill the above later when the model is ready
	std::pair<vec3d, vec3d> pos;
	float duration;
	float frequency;
	float width;
	color primary_color_1;
	color primary_color_2;
	color secondary_color;
} ship_lightning_data;

typedef struct thruster_particles {
	generic_anim thruster_bitmap;
	particle::ParticleEffectHandle particle_handle;
} thruster_particles;

typedef struct ship_type_info {
	char name[NAME_LENGTH];

    flagset<Ship::Type_Info_Flags> flags;

	float debris_max_speed;

	// Damage multiplier for friendly fire, but only for purposes of scoring and traitor check, not actually damaging ships in-mission
	float ff_multiplier;

	// Not currently implemented. Originally used for "electronics" weapons. Deactivated in commit 941faf9ab9ed05a1b0efebf7de32c6e3c724baf7 
	// as it broke retail compatibility.
	float emp_multiplier;

	// Modifies the audible range used for warp fireball 3d sound effects
	float warp_sound_range_multiplier;

	//Fog
	float fog_start_dist;
	float fog_complete_dist;

	//AI
	SCP_set<ai_goal_mode> ai_valid_goals;
	SCP_set<size_t> ai_player_orders;
	int ai_active_dock;
	int ai_passive_dock;
	SCP_vector<int> ai_actively_pursues;
	SCP_vector<int> ai_cripple_ignores;

	//Explosions
	float skip_deathroll_chance;

	//Resources
	SCP_vector<int> explosion_bitmap_anims;

	//Regen values - need to be converted after all types have loaded
	SCP_vector<SCP_string> ai_actively_pursues_temp;
	SCP_vector<SCP_string> ai_cripple_ignores_temp;

	ship_type_info( )
		: debris_max_speed( 0.f ),
		  ff_multiplier( 0.f ), emp_multiplier( 0.f ), warp_sound_range_multiplier( 1.f ),
		  fog_start_dist( 0.f ), fog_complete_dist( 0.f ),
		  ai_active_dock( 0 ), ai_passive_dock( 0 ),
		  skip_deathroll_chance( 0.f )

	{
        flags.reset();
		name[ 0 ] = '\0';
	}
} ship_type_info;

extern SCP_vector<ship_type_info> Ship_types;
extern bool Fighter_bomber_valid;				// Whether "fighter/bomber" can be used as a union of "fighter" and "bomber"
extern const char *Fighter_bomber_type_name;
extern int Ship_type_fighter, Ship_type_bomber, Ship_type_fighter_bomber;

class rcs_thruster_info {
    public:
	flagset<Ship::Thruster_Flags> use_flags;

	gamesnd_id start_snd;
	gamesnd_id loop_snd;
	gamesnd_id stop_snd;

	int tex_id;
	int tex_nframes;
	int tex_fps;
	float length;
	float radius;

	vec3d pos, norm;

    rcs_thruster_info() : tex_id(-1), tex_nframes(0), tex_fps(0), length(0), radius (0.0f) {
        norm.xyz.x = norm.xyz.y = norm.xyz.z = 0.0f; // I wanted to do norm = ZERO_VECTOR here, but apparently that breaks the MSVC 2015 compiler....
        pos.xyz.x = pos.xyz.y = pos.xyz.z = 0.0f;
        use_flags.reset();

        start_snd = gamesnd_id();
        loop_snd = gamesnd_id();
        stop_snd = gamesnd_id();
    }
};

// Holds variables for collision physics (Gets its own struct purely for clarity purposes)
// Most of this only really applies properly to small ships
typedef struct ship_collision_physics {
	// Collision physics definitions: how a ship responds to collisions
	float both_small_bounce{};	// Bounce factor when both ships are small
								// This currently only comes into play if one ship is the player... 
								// blame retail for that.
	float bounce{};				// Bounce factor for all other cases
	float friction{};				// Controls lateral velocity lost when colliding with a large ship
	float rotation_factor{};		// Affects the rotational energy of collisions... TBH not sure how.
	float rotation_mag_max{};		// Maximum value of the final rotational velocity resulting from a collision --wookieejedi

	// Speed & angle constraints for a smooth landing
	// Note that all angles are stored as a dotproduct between normalized vectors instead. This saves us from having
	// to do a lot of dot product calculations later.
	float landing_max_z{};
	float landing_min_z{};
	float landing_min_y{};
	float landing_max_x{};
	float landing_max_angle{};
	float landing_min_angle{};
	float landing_max_rot_angle{};

	// Speed & angle constraints for a "rough" landing (one with normal collision consequences, but where 
	// the ship is still reoriented towards its resting orientation)
	float reorient_max_z{};
	float reorient_min_z{};
	float reorient_min_y{};
	float reorient_max_x{};
	float reorient_max_angle{};
	float reorient_min_angle{};
	float reorient_max_rot_angle{};

	// Landing response parameters
	float reorient_mult{};		// How quickly the ship will reorient towards it's resting position
	float landing_rest_angle{};	// The vertical angle where the ship's orientation comes to rest
	gamesnd_id landing_sound_idx;		//Sound to play on successful landing collisions
	
	// Collision sounds
	gamesnd_id collision_sound_light_idx;
	gamesnd_id collision_sound_heavy_idx;
	gamesnd_id collision_sound_shielded_idx;

} ship_collision_physics;

typedef struct path_metadata {
	vec3d departure_rvec;
	vec3d arrival_rvec;
	float arrive_speed_mult;
	float depart_speed_mult;
} path_metadata;

class allowed_weapon_bank
{
public:
	SCP_vector<std::pair<int, ubyte>> weapon_and_flags;

	ubyte find_flags(int weapon_info_index) const;
	void set_flag(int weapon_info_index, ubyte flag);
	void clear_flag(int weapon_info_index, ubyte flag);
	void clear_flag(ubyte flag);

	void clear();

	ubyte operator[](int index) const;
	ubyte operator[](size_t index) const;
};

// The real FreeSpace ship_info struct.
// NOTE: Can't be treated as a struct anymore, since it has STL data structures in its object tree!
class ship_info
{
public:
	char		name[NAME_LENGTH];				// name for the ship
	SCP_string	display_name;					// display another name for the ship
	char		short_name[NAME_LENGTH];		// short name, for use in the editor?
	int			species;								// which species this craft belongs to
	int			class_type;						//For type table

	std::unique_ptr<char[]> type_str;							// type string used by tooltips
	std::unique_ptr<char[]> maneuverability_str;			// string used by tooltips
	std::unique_ptr<char[]> armor_str;							// string used by tooltips
	std::unique_ptr<char[]> manufacturer_str;				// string used by tooltips
	std::unique_ptr<char[]> desc;								// string used by tooltips
	std::unique_ptr<char[]> tech_desc;							// string used by tech database
	char		tech_title[NAME_LENGTH];			// ship's name (in tech database)

	std::unique_ptr<char[]> ship_length;						// string used by multiplayer ship desc
	std::unique_ptr<char[]> gun_mounts;			         // string used by multiplayer ship desc
	std::unique_ptr<char[]> missile_banks;					// string used by multiplayer ship desc

	char		cockpit_pof_file[MAX_FILENAME_LEN];	// POF file for cockpit view
	vec3d		cockpit_offset;
	float   cockpit_sway_val;					// multiplier for cockpit 'swaying'
	char		pof_file[MAX_FILENAME_LEN];			// POF file to load/associate with ship
	char		pof_file_hud[MAX_FILENAME_LEN];		// POF file to load for the HUD target box
	char		pof_file_tech[MAX_FILENAME_LEN];	// POF file to load for the techroom
	int		num_detail_levels;				// number of detail levels for this ship
	int		detail_distance[MAX_SHIP_DETAIL_LEVELS];					// distance to change detail levels at
	int		collision_lod;						// check for collisions using a LOD
	int		cockpit_model_num;					// cockpit model
	int		model_num;							// ship model
	int		model_num_hud;						// model to use when rendering to the HUD (eg, mini supercap)
	int		hud_target_lod;						// LOD to use for rendering to the HUD targetbox (if not already using special HUD model)
	float		density;								// density of the ship in g/cm^3 (water  = 1)
	float		damp;									// drag
	float		rotdamp;								// rotational drag
	float		delta_bank_const;
	vec3d	max_vel;								//	max velocity of the ship in the linear directions -- read from ships.tbl
	vec3d	min_vel;								//	min velocity of the ship in the linear directions -- read from ships.tbl
	vec3d	max_rotvel;							// maximum rotational velocity
	vec3d	rotation_time;						// time to rotate in x/y/z dimension traveling at max rotvel
	float		srotation_time;					//	scalar, computed at runtime as (rotation_time.x + rotation_time.y)/2
	float		max_rear_vel;						// max speed ship can go backwards.
	float		forward_accel;
	float		forward_decel;
	float		slide_accel;
	float		slide_decel;
	float	gravity_const;						// multiplies the affect of gravity, if any
	float	dying_gravity_const;				// as above, when death rolling

	int warpin_params_index;
	int warpout_params_index;

	flagset<Ship::Info_Flags> flags;							//	See SIF_xxxx - changed to uint by Goober5000, changed back by Zacam, and changed to something entirely different by The E!
	int		ai_class;							//	Index into Ai_classes[].  Defined in ai.tbl
	float		max_speed, min_speed, max_accel;

	//Collision
	int						collision_damage_type_idx;
	ship_collision_physics	collision_physics;

	// ship explosion info
	shockwave_create_info shockwave;
	int	explosion_propagates;				// If true, then the explosion propagates
	bool explosion_splits_ship;				// If true, then the ship 'splits in two' when it blows up
	float big_exp_visual_rad;				//SUSHI: The visual size of the main explosion
	float prop_exp_rad_mult;				// propagating explosions radius multiplier
	float death_roll_r_mult;
	float death_fx_r_mult;
	float death_roll_time_mult;
	float death_roll_rotation_mult;
	float death_roll_xrotation_cap;         // max rotation around x-axis in radians-per-sec (aka pitch)
	float death_roll_yrotation_cap;         // max rotation around y-axis in radians-per-sec (aka yaw)
	float death_roll_zrotation_cap;         // max rotation around z-axis in radians-per-sec (aka roll)
	int death_roll_base_time;
	int death_fx_count;
	int	shockwave_count;					// the # of total shockwaves
	SCP_vector<int> explosion_bitmap_anims;
	bool disable_main_fireball;
	float skip_deathroll_chance;					

	particle::ParticleEffectHandle		impact_spew;
	particle::ParticleEffectHandle		damage_spew;
	particle::ParticleEffectHandle		death_roll_exp_particles;
	particle::ParticleEffectHandle		pre_death_exp_particles;
	particle::ParticleEffectHandle		propagating_exp_particles;
	particle::ParticleEffectHandle		split_particles;
	particle::ParticleEffectHandle		knossos_end_particles;
	particle::ParticleEffectHandle		regular_end_particles;
	particle::ParticleEffectHandle 		debris_flame_particles;
	particle::ParticleEffectHandle 		shrapnel_flame_particles;
	particle::ParticleEffectHandle 		debris_end_particles;
	particle::ParticleEffectHandle 		shrapnel_end_particles;
	particle::ParticleEffectHandle 		default_subsys_debris_flame_particles;
	particle::ParticleEffectHandle 		default_subsys_shrapnel_flame_particles;

	//Debris stuff
	float			debris_min_lifetime;
	float			debris_max_lifetime;
	float			debris_min_speed;
	float			debris_max_speed;
	float			debris_min_rotspeed;
	float			debris_max_rotspeed;
	int				debris_damage_type_idx;
	float			debris_min_hitpoints;
	float			debris_max_hitpoints;
	float			debris_hitpoints_radius_multi;
	float			debris_damage_mult;
	float			debris_arc_percent;
	float			debris_gravity_const;			// see gravity_const above
	float			debris_density;
	gamesnd_id		debris_ambient_sound;
	gamesnd_id		debris_collision_sound_light;
	gamesnd_id		debris_collision_sound_heavy;
	gamesnd_id		debris_explosion_sound;
	char			generic_debris_pof_file[MAX_FILENAME_LEN]; // smaller debris bits thrown around willy-nilly on death
	int				generic_debris_model_num;
	int				generic_debris_num_submodels;
	int			    generic_debris_spew_num;

	// subsystem information
	// (n_subsystems describes the subsystems array; the wrapper keeps it
	// consistent with the array by resetting it to 0 in a moved-from ship_info)
	util::reset_on_move<int> n_subsystems;			// this number comes from ships.tbl
	std::unique_ptr<model_subsystem[]> subsystems;	// see model.h for structure definition
	particle::ParticleEffectHandle default_subsys_death_effect;

	// Energy Transfer System fields
	float		power_output;					// power output of ships reactor (EU/s)
	float		max_overclocked_speed;			// max speed when 100% power output sent to engines
	float		max_weapon_reserve;				// maximum energy that can be stored for primary weapon usage
	float		max_shield_regen_per_second;	// Goober5000 - max percent/100 of shield energy regenerated per second
	float       shield_regen_hit_delay;			// Asteroth - delay after being hit before shield will start recharging again
	float		max_weapon_regen_per_second;	// Goober5000 - max percent/100 of weapon energy regenerated per second

	// Fields for tuning the ETS' direct shield<->weapon transfer feature
	float		shield_weap_amount;				// fraction of shield capacity to transfer
	float		shield_weap_efficiency;			// efficiency multiplier for output into weapons capacitor
	float		shield_weap_speed;				// rate that energy will be added to the weap capacitor
	float		weap_shield_amount;				// ...
	float		weap_shield_efficiency;			// ditto, but reverse the direction
	float		weap_shield_speed;				// ...

	// Afterburner fields
	vec3d		afterburner_max_vel;				//	max velocity of the ship in the linear directions when afterburners are engaged -- read from ships.tbl
	float		afterburner_forward_accel;		// forward acceleration with afterburner engaged
	float		afterburner_fuel_capacity;		// maximum afterburner fuel that can be stored
	float		afterburner_burn_rate;			// rate in fuel/second that afterburner consumes fuel
	float		afterburner_recover_rate;		//	rate in fuel/second that afterburner recovers fuel
	float       afterburner_min_start_fuel;     // must have at least this much fuel to start
	float       afterburner_min_fuel_to_burn;   // consumes at least this much fuel before allowing to stop
	float       afterburner_cooldown_time;      // minimum time between last afterburner finish and next start
	//SparK: reverse afterburner
	float		afterburner_max_reverse_vel;
	float		afterburner_reverse_accel;

	int		cmeasure_type;						// Type of countermeasures this ship carries
	int		cmeasure_max;						//	Number of charges of countermeasures this ship can hold.

	int num_primary_banks;										// Actual number of primary banks (property of model)
	int primary_bank_weapons[MAX_SHIP_PRIMARY_BANKS];			// Weapon_info[] index for the weapon in the bank	
	// Goober5000's ballistic conversion
	int primary_bank_ammo_capacity[MAX_SHIP_PRIMARY_BANKS];	// Capacity of primary ballistic bank

	int num_secondary_banks;									//	Actual number of secondary banks (property of model)
	int secondary_bank_weapons[MAX_SHIP_SECONDARY_BANKS];	// Weapon_info[] index for the weapon in the bank
	int secondary_bank_ammo_capacity[MAX_SHIP_SECONDARY_BANKS];	// Capacity of bank (not number of missiles)

	bool draw_primary_models[MAX_SHIP_PRIMARY_BANKS];
	bool draw_secondary_models[MAX_SHIP_SECONDARY_BANKS];
	float weapon_model_draw_distance;

	// Recoil modifier for the ship
	float ship_recoil_modifier;

	// Shudder modifier for the ship
	float ship_shudder_modifier;

	SCP_vector<FiringPattern> dyn_firing_patterns_allowed[MAX_SHIP_PRIMARY_BANKS];

	float	max_hull_strength;				// Max hull strength of this class of ship.
	float	max_shield_strength;
	float	auto_shield_spread;				// Thickness of the shield
	bool	auto_shield_spread_bypass;		// Whether weapons fired up close can bypass shields
	int		auto_shield_spread_from_lod;	// Which LOD to project the shield from
	float	auto_shield_spread_min_span;	// Minimum distance weapons must travel until allowed to collide with the shield
	float   max_shield_impact_effect_radius;

	int		shield_point_augment_ctrls[4];	// Re-mapping of shield augmentation controls for model point shields

	float	max_shield_recharge;

	float	hull_repair_rate;				// How much of the hull is repaired every second
	float	subsys_repair_rate;				// How much of the subsystem is repaired every second
	float   hull_repair_max;                // Maximum percent that hull can self repair --wookieejedi
	float   subsys_repair_max;              // Maximum percent that subsystems can self repair --wookieejedi

	float	sup_hull_repair_rate;
	float	sup_shield_repair_rate;
	float	sup_subsys_repair_rate;

	vec3d	closeup_pos;					// position for camera when using ship in closeup view (eg briefing and techroom)
	float	closeup_zoom;					// zoom when using ship in closeup view (eg briefing and techroom)
	std::optional<vec3d> icon_closeup_pos;	// icon-specific position for camera when using ship in closeup view
	std::optional<float> icon_closeup_zoom;	// icon-specific zoom when using ship in closeup view

	vec3d	closeup_pos_targetbox;			// position for camera when using ship in closeup view for hud target monitor
	float	closeup_zoom_targetbox;			// zoom when using ship in closeup view for hud target monitor

	vec3d	chase_view_offset;				// special offset for chase view
	float	chase_view_rigidity;			// how 'floaty' this ship is when viewed in chase view

	allowed_weapon_bank allowed_weapons;	// specifies which weapons can be loaded out by the
											// player during weapons loadout.

	// Goober5000 - fix for restricted banks mod
	SCP_vector<ubyte> restricted_loadout_flag;
	SCP_vector<allowed_weapon_bank> allowed_bank_restricted_weapons;

	ubyte	shield_icon_index;				// index to locate ship-specific animation frames for the shield on HUD
	char	icon_filename[MAX_FILENAME_LEN];	// filename for icon that is displayed in ship selection
	angles	model_icon_angles;					// angle from which the model icon should be rendered (if not 0,0,0)
	char	anim_filename[MAX_FILENAME_LEN];	// filename for animation that plays in ship selection
	char	overhead_filename[MAX_FILENAME_LEN];	// filename for animation that plays weapons loadout
	int 	selection_effect;
	color   fs2_effect_grid_color;				// color of the grid effect in the ship selection screen
	color  fs2_effect_scanline_color;           // color of the scanline effect in the ship selection screen
	int     fs2_effect_grid_density;			// density of the grid effect in the ship selection screen
	color   fs2_effect_wireframe_color;         // color of the wireframe effect in the ship selection screen

	int wingmen_status_dot_override; // optional wingmen dot status animation to use instead of default --wookieejedi

	int bii_index_ship;						// if this ship has a briefing icon that overrides the normal icon set
	int bii_index_ship_with_cargo;
	int bii_index_wing;
	int bii_index_wing_with_cargo;

	int	score;								// default score for this ship

	int	scan_time;							// time to scan this ship (in ms)
	float scan_range_normal;                // this ship can scan other normal/small ships at this range
	float scan_range_capital;               // this ship can scan other capital/large ships at this range
	float scanning_time_multiplier;			// when this ship is doing the scanning, the factor to apply to scan time
	float scanning_range_multiplier;		// ditto for scan range

	float ask_help_shield_percent;
	float ask_help_hull_percent;

	// contrail info
	trail_info ct_info[MAX_SHIP_CONTRAILS];	
	int ct_count;

	// rgb shield color
	ubyte shield_color[3];

	// HW2-style team coloring
	bool uses_team_colors;
	SCP_string default_team_name;

	// optional afterburner trail values
	generic_bitmap afterburner_trail;
	float afterburner_trail_tex_stretch;
	float afterburner_trail_width_factor;
	float afterburner_trail_alpha_factor;
	float afterburner_trail_alpha_end_factor;
	float afterburner_trail_alpha_decay_exponent;
	float afterburner_trail_life;
	float afterburner_trail_spread;
	int afterburner_trail_faded_out_sections;

	// thruster particles
	SCP_vector<thruster_particles> normal_thruster_particles;
	SCP_vector<thruster_particles> afterburner_thruster_particles;

	// Bobboau's extra thruster stuff
	thrust_pair			thruster_flame_info;
	thrust_pair			thruster_glow_info;
	thrust_pair_bitmap	thruster_secondary_glow_info;
	thrust_pair_bitmap	thruster_tertiary_glow_info;
	thrust_pair_bitmap	thruster_distortion_info;

	float		thruster01_glow_rad_factor;
	float		thruster02_glow_rad_factor;
	float		thruster03_glow_rad_factor;
	float		thruster02_glow_len_factor;
	float		thruster_dist_rad_factor;
	float		thruster_dist_len_factor;
	float		thruster_glow_noise_mult;

	bool		draw_distortion;

	// Goober5000
	SCP_vector<texture_replace> replacement_textures;

	
	int armor_type_idx;
	int shield_armor_type_idx;
	
	bool can_glide;
	float glide_cap;	//Backslash - for 'newtonian'-style gliding, the cap on velocity
	bool glide_dynamic_cap;	//SUSHI: Whether or not we are using a dynamic glide cap
	float glide_accel_mult;	//SUSHI: acceleration multiplier for glide mode
	bool use_newtonian_damp; //SUSHI: Whether or not to use newtonian dampening for this ship
	bool newtonian_damp_override; 

	float autoaim_fov;
	float bank_autoaim_fov[MAX_SHIP_PRIMARY_BANKS];

	bool aims_at_flight_cursor;
	bool aims_at_flight_cursor_secondary;
	float flight_cursor_aim_extent;

	bool topdown_offset_def;
	vec3d topdown_offset;

	gamesnd_id engine_snd;							// handle to engine sound for ship (-1 if no engine sound)
	float min_engine_vol;					// minimum volume modifier for engine sound when ship is stationary
	gamesnd_id glide_start_snd;					// handle to sound to play at the beginning of a glide maneuver (default is 0 for regular throttle down sound)
	gamesnd_id glide_end_snd;						// handle to sound to play at the end of a glide maneuver (default is 0 for regular throttle up sound)
	gamesnd_id flyby_snd;					// handle to sound to play with ship flyby

	SCP_map<GameSounds, gamesnd_id> ship_sounds;			// specifies ship-specific sound indexes

	SCP_map<SCP_string, SCP_string> custom_data;

	SCP_vector<custom_string> custom_strings;

	SCP_vector<rcs_thruster_info> rcs_thrusters;

	int radar_image_2d_idx;
	int radar_color_image_2d_idx;
	int radar_image_size;
	float radar_projection_size_mult;

	SCP_map<std::pair<int, int>, int> ship_iff_info;

	flagset<Object::Aiming_Flags> aiming_flags;
	float minimum_convergence_distance;
	float convergence_distance;
	vec3d convergence_offset;
	gamesnd_id autoaim_lock_snd;
	gamesnd_id autoaim_lost_snd;

	float emp_resistance_mod;

	float piercing_damage_draw_limit;
	particle::ParticleEffectHandle shield_impact_explosion_anim;

	int damage_lightning_type;

	SCP_vector<std::unique_ptr<HudGauge>> hud_gauges;
	bool hud_enabled;
	bool hud_retail;

	SCP_vector<cockpit_display_info> displays;

	SCP_map<SCP_string, path_metadata> pathMetadata;

	SCP_unordered_map<int, int> glowpoint_bank_override_map;	// key: glowpoint bank (-1 = all banks); value: index into the growable global glowpoint_bank_overrides vector

	animation::ModelAnimationSet animations;
	animation::ModelAnimationSet cockpit_animations;

	SCP_vector<ship_passive_arc_info> ship_passive_arcs;

	ship_info();
	~ship_info() = default;
	void clone(const ship_info& other);

	ship_info(ship_info&& other) = default;					// NOLINT(performance-noexcept-move-constructor) - not declared noexcept because the implicit exception specification differs by standard library
	ship_info &operator=(ship_info&& other) = default;		// NOLINT(performance-noexcept-move-constructor) - ditto

	// Deleted so nobody copies a ship class by accident; use clone() for a deliberate deep copy.
	ship_info(const ship_info& other) = delete;
	ship_info &operator=(const ship_info& other) = delete;

    //Helper functions
    
    inline bool is_small_ship() const { return flags.any_of(Ship::Info_Flags::Fighter,Ship::Info_Flags::Bomber,Ship::Info_Flags::Support,Ship::Info_Flags::Escapepod); }
	inline bool is_big_ship() const { return flags.any_of(Ship::Info_Flags::Cruiser,Ship::Info_Flags::Freighter,Ship::Info_Flags::Transport,Ship::Info_Flags::Corvette,Ship::Info_Flags::Gas_miner,Ship::Info_Flags::Awacs); }
	inline bool is_huge_ship() const { return flags.any_of(Ship::Info_Flags::Capital,Ship::Info_Flags::Supercap,Ship::Info_Flags::Drydock,Ship::Info_Flags::Knossos_device); }
	inline bool is_flyable() const { return flags.none_of(Ship::Info_Flags::Cargo,Ship::Info_Flags::Navbuoy,Ship::Info_Flags::Sentrygun); } // AL 11-24-97: this useful to know for targeting reasons
	  // note: code that previously used is_harmless() / SIF_HARMLESS now uses several flags defined in objecttypes.tbl
//	inline bool is_harmless() const { return flags[Ship::Info_Flags::Cargo, Ship::Info_Flags::Navbuoy, Ship::Info_Flags::Escapepod]; }		// AL 12-3-97: ships that are not a threat
	inline bool is_fighter_bomber() const { return flags.any_of(Ship::Info_Flags::Fighter,Ship::Info_Flags::Bomber); }
    inline bool is_big_or_huge() const { return is_big_ship() || is_huge_ship(); }
    inline bool avoids_shockwaves() const { return is_small_ship(); }

	const char* get_display_name() const;
	bool has_display_name() const;

};

extern flag_def_list_new<Ship::Info_Flags> Ship_flags[];
extern const size_t Num_ship_flags;

extern flag_def_list_new<Model::Subsystem_Flags> Subsystem_flags[];
extern const size_t Num_subsystem_flags;

extern int Num_wings;
extern ship Ships[MAX_SHIPS];
extern ship	*Player_ship;
extern std::shared_ptr<model_texture_replace> Player_cockpit_textures;

// Data structure to track the active missiles
typedef struct ship_obj {
	ship_obj		 *next, *prev;
	int			flags, objnum;
} ship_obj;
extern ship_obj Ship_obj_list;

typedef struct engine_wash_info
{
	char		name[NAME_LENGTH];
	float		angle;			// half angle of cone around engine thruster
	float		radius_mult;	// multiplier for radius 
	float		length;			// length of engine wash, measured from thruster
	float		intensity;		// intensity of engine wash
	
} engine_wash_info;

extern SCP_vector<engine_wash_info> Engine_wash_info;


//	Defines a wing of ships.
typedef struct wing {
	char	name[NAME_LENGTH];
	SCP_string display_name;

	char	wing_squad_filename[MAX_FILENAME_LEN];	// Goober5000
	int	reinforcement_index;					// index in reinforcement struct or -1
	int	hotkey;

	// members for dealing with waves
	int	num_waves;
	int current_wave;							// NOTE: this is 1-based!  As each wave arrives, this will reflect the counting number: Wave 1, Wave 2, etc.
	int	threshold;								// when number of ships in the wing reaches this number -- new wave

	fix	time_gone;								// time into the mission when this wing is officially gone.

	int	wave_count;								// max ships per wave (as defined by the number of ships in the ships list)
	int	total_arrived_count;					// count of number of ships that we have created, regardless of wave
	int red_alert_skipped_ships;				// Goober5000 - if we skipped over any indexes while creating red-alert ships
	int	current_count;							// count of number of ships actually in this wing -- used for limit in next array
	int	ship_index[MAX_SHIPS_PER_WING];	// index into ships array of all ships currently in the wing

	int	total_destroyed;						// total number of ships destroyed in the wing (including all waves)
	int	total_departed;						// total number of ships departed in this wing (including all waves)
	int total_vanished;						// total number of ships vanished in this wing (including all waves)

	int	special_ship;							// the leader of the wing.  An index into ship_index[].
	int special_ship_ship_info_index;					// the ship info index of the special ship

	ArrivalLocation arrival_location;			// arrival and departure information for wings -- similar to info for ships
	int	arrival_distance;						// distance from some ship where this ship arrives
	anchor_t arrival_anchor;						// ship registry index of object this wing arrives near (or in front of)
	int	arrival_path_mask;					// Goober5000 - possible restrictions on which bay paths to use
	int	arrival_cue;
	int	arrival_delay;

	DepartureLocation departure_location;
	anchor_t departure_anchor;						// ship registry index of object that we depart to (in case of dock bays)
	int departure_path_mask;				// Goober5000 - possible restrictions on which bay paths to use
	int	departure_cue;
	int	departure_delay;

	int	wave_delay_min;						// minimum number of seconds before new wave can arrive
	int	wave_delay_max;						// maximum number of seconds before new wave can arrive
	TIMESTAMP	wave_delay_timestamp;				// timestamp used for delaying arrival of next wave

	flagset<Ship::Wing_Flags> flags;

	ai_goal	ai_goals[MAX_AI_GOALS];			// goals for the wing -- converted to ai_goal struct

	ushort	net_signature;						// starting net signature for ships in this wing. assiged at mission load time

	// Goober5000 - if this wing has a unique squad logo
	// it's specified for the wing rather than each individual ship to cut down on the amount
	// of stuff that needs to be sitting in memory at once - each ship uses the wing texture;
	// and it also makes practical sense: no wing has two different squadrons in it :)
	int wing_insignia_texture;

	// if -1, retail formation, else a custom one defined in ships.tbl
	int formation;
	float formation_scale;

	// reset to a completely blank wing
	void clear();

	const char *get_display_name() const;
	bool has_display_name() const;
} wing;

extern wing Wings[MAX_WINGS];

extern int Starting_wings[MAX_STARTING_WINGS];
extern int Squadron_wings[MAX_SQUADRON_WINGS];
extern int TVT_wings[MAX_TVT_WINGS];

extern char Starting_wing_names[MAX_STARTING_WINGS][NAME_LENGTH];
extern char Squadron_wing_names[MAX_SQUADRON_WINGS][NAME_LENGTH];
extern char TVT_wing_names[MAX_TVT_WINGS][NAME_LENGTH];

extern int ai_paused;

extern SCP_vector<ship_info> Ship_info;
extern SCP_vector<const char *> Ship_class_names;

extern SCP_vector<reinforcements> Reinforcements;

// structure definition for ship type counts.  Used to give a count of the number of ships
// of a particular type, and the number of times that a ship of that particular type has been
// killed.  When changing any info here, be sure to update the ship_type_names array in Ship.cpp
// the order of the types here MUST match the order of the types in the array
typedef struct ship_counts {
	int	total;
	int	killed;
	ship_counts(){total=0;killed=0;}
} ship_counts;

extern SCP_vector<ship_counts> Ship_type_counts;


// Formations
typedef struct wing_formation {
	char name[NAME_LENGTH];
	std::array<vec3d, MAX_SHIPS_PER_WING - 1> positions;	// does NOT include wing leader, so index 0 for each formation is the second in the wing, 1 is third, etc
} wing_formation;

extern SCP_vector<wing_formation> Wing_formations;


// Use the below macros when you want to find the index of an array element in the
// Wings[] or Ships[] arrays.
#define WING_INDEX(wingp) (static_cast<int>((wingp)-Wings))
#define SHIP_INDEX(shipp) (static_cast<int>((shipp)-Ships))
#define SHIP_REGISTRY_INDEX(ship_entry) (static_cast<int>((ship_entry)-Ship_registry.data()))


extern void ship_init();				// called once	at game start
extern void ship_level_init();		// called before the start of each level
extern void ship_level_close();		// called after the end of each level

//returns -1 if failed
extern int ship_create(matrix* orient, vec3d* pos, int ship_type, const char* ship_name = nullptr, bool standalone_ship = false);
extern void change_ship_type(int n, int ship_type, int by_sexp = 0);
extern void ship_process_pre( object * objp, float frametime );
extern void ship_process_post( object * objp, float frametime );
extern void ship_render( object * obj, model_draw_list * scene );
// whether this ship class shows a cockpit at all: it has a cockpit model and the player hasn't turned cockpits off
extern bool ship_cockpit_enabled(const ship_info* sip);
// whether the cockpit model is rendered for this ship class when it is the viewer
extern bool ship_render_player_cockpit(const ship_info* sip);
// whether the viewer's cockpit is being rendered this frame
extern bool ship_render_player_cockpit_active();
extern bool ship_render_player_ship_casts_shadow_on_cockpit();
extern bool ship_render_player_has_closeup_visuals();
// The cockpit model's render offset: sip->cockpit_offset rotated into world orientation,
// plus acceleration-driven sway (unless Disable_cockpit_sway). This is the camera-relative
// offset used to draw the cockpit model, NOT combined with objp->pos -- callers that need
// a world-space position must add objp->pos themselves. Shared by every path that draws or
// otherwise anchors the cockpit model: ship_render_player_ship(), render_viewer_shadow()
// (shadows.cpp), and gatherCockpitShadowCasterInstance() (VulkanRaytracingTlas.cpp).
extern vec3d ship_cockpit_render_offset(const ship_info* sip, const object* objp);
extern void ship_render_player_ship( object * objp, const vec3d* offset = nullptr, const matrix* rot_offset = nullptr, const fov_t* fov_override = nullptr);
extern void ship_delete( object * objp );
extern int ship_check_collision_fast( object * obj, object * other_obj, vec3d * hitpos );
extern int ship_get_num_ships();

#define SHIP_VANISHED               (1<<0)
#define SHIP_DESTROYED              (1<<1)
#define SHIP_DEPARTED_WARP          (1<<2)
#define SHIP_DEPARTED_BAY           (1<<3)
#define SHIP_DEPARTED               ( SHIP_DEPARTED_BAY | SHIP_DEPARTED_WARP )
#define SHIP_DESTROYED_REDALERT     (1<<4)
#define SHIP_DEPARTED_REDALERT      (1<<5)
#define SHIP_PRESENT_AT_MISSION_END (1<<6)

/**
 * @brief Deletes and de-inits a ship.
 *
 * @param[in] shipnum      Index of this ship in Ships[]
 * @param[in] cleanup_mode Flags describing how this ship is to be removed. See SHIP_VANISHED, SHIP_DESTROYED, etc.
 *
 * @details This is the deconstructor of a ship, it does all the necassary processes to remove the ship from the Ships
 *   array, and frees the slot for use by others. De-init of its Objects[] slot is handled by obj_delete_all_that_should_be_dead().
 *
 * @author Goober5000
 * @sa obj_delete_all_that_should_be_dead()
 */
extern void ship_cleanup(int shipnum, int cleanup_mode);

// Goober5000
extern void ship_destroy_instantly(object *ship_obj, bool with_debris = false);
extern void ship_actually_depart(int shipnum, int method = SHIP_DEPARTED_WARP);

extern bool in_autoaim_fov(ship *shipp, int bank_to_fire, object *obj);
extern int ship_stop_fire_primary(object * obj);
extern int ship_fire_primary(object * objp, int force = 0, bool rollback_shot = false);
extern vec3d ship_get_external_model_fp_offset(external_weapon_state *ext, const weapon_info *wip, const polymodel *weapon_model, const w_bank *ship_bank, int slot, bool advance_counter, int sub_shot = 0);
extern void ship_get_weapon_model_slot_transform(const w_bank *bank, int slot, float reload_slide_back, vec3d *outpnt, matrix *outorient);
extern int ship_get_external_weapon_model_instance(ship_weapon *swp, int bank, int display_model_num);
extern int ship_fire_secondary(object * objp, int allow_swarm = 0, bool rollback_shot = false );
extern bool ship_secondary_bank_can_dual_fire(const ship *shipp, int bank);
bool ship_start_secondary_fire(object* objp);
bool ship_stop_secondary_fire(object* objp);
extern int ship_launch_countermeasure(object *objp, int rand_val = -1);

// for special targeting lasers
extern void ship_process_targeting_lasers();

extern bool ship_select_next_primary(object *objp, CycleDirection direction);
extern int  ship_select_next_secondary(object *objp);

// Goober5000
extern int get_available_primary_weapons(object *objp, int *outlist, int *outbanklist);

extern int get_available_secondary_weapons(object *objp, int *outlist, int *outbanklist);
extern void ship_recalc_subsys_strength( ship *shipp );

// switch a subsystem's looping sounds between its alive and dead sets, according to its hitpoints
extern void ship_update_subsys_sounds(const ship *shipp, ship_subsys *ss);
extern void physics_ship_init(object *objp);

//	Note: This is not a general purpose routine.
//	It is specifically used for targeting.
//	Return true/false for subsystem found/not found.
//	Stuff vector *pos with absolute position.
extern int get_subsystem_pos(vec3d *pos, const object *objp, const ship_subsys *subsysp);

extern int ship_info_lookup(const char *name);
extern int ship_name_lookup(const char *name, int inc_players = 0);	// returns the index into Ship array of name
extern int ship_type_name_lookup(const char *name);

inline int ship_info_size()
{
	return static_cast<int>(Ship_info.size());
}

extern int wing_lookup(const char *name);
extern int wing_formation_lookup(const char *formation_name);

// returns 0 if no conflict, 1 if conflict, -1 on some kind of error with wing struct
extern int wing_has_conflicting_teams(int wing_index);

// next function takes optional second parameter which says to ignore the current count of ships
// in the wing -- used to tell is the wing exists or not, not whether it exists and has ships currently
// present.
extern int wing_name_lookup(const char *name, int ignore_count = 0);

extern bool wing_has_yet_to_arrive(const wing *wingp);

// for generating a ship name for arbitrary waves/indexes of that wing
extern void wing_bash_ship_name(SCP_string &ship_name, const char *wing_name, int ordinal);
extern void wing_bash_ship_name(char *ship_name, const char *wing_name, int ordinal);
extern void wing_bash_ship_name(p_object *p_objp, const wing *wingp, int ordinal, bool reset_display_name_if_normal = false);
extern void wing_bash_ship_name(ship *shipp, const wing *wingp, int ordinal, bool reset_display_name_if_normal = false);
extern bool wing_bash_legacy_hashed_ship_name(SCP_string &dest, const char *src);

extern int Player_ship_class;

//	Do the special effect for energy dissipating into the shield for a hit.
//	model_num	= index in Polygon_models[]
//	centerp		= pos of object, sort of the center of the shield
//	tcp			= hit point, probably the global hit_point set in polygon_check_face
//	tr0			= index of polygon in shield pointer in polymodel.
extern void create_shield_explosion(int objnum, int model_num, matrix *orient, vec3d *centerp, vec3d *tcp, int tr0);

//	Initialize shield hit system.
extern void shield_hit_init();
extern void create_shield_explosion_all(object *objp);
extern void shield_frame_init();
extern void add_shield_point(int objnum, int tri_num, const vec3d *hit_pos, float radius_override);
extern void add_shield_point_multi(int objnum, int tri_num, vec3d *hit_pos);
extern void shield_point_multi_setup();
extern void shield_hit_close();

float ship_shield_hitpoint_threshold(const object* obj, bool all_quadrants = false);
bool ship_is_shield_up(const object *obj, int quadrant);

//=================================================
void ship_model_replicate_submodels(object *objp);

//============================================
extern int ship_find_num_crewpoints(object *objp);
extern int ship_find_num_turrets(object *objp);

extern void compute_slew_matrix(matrix *orient, angles *a);
extern void object_get_eye(vec3d *eye_pos, matrix *eye_orient, const object *obj, bool do_slew = true, bool local_pos = false, bool local_orient = false);

extern ship_subsys *ship_find_first_subsys(ship *sp, int subsys_type, const vec3d *attacker_pos = nullptr);
extern ship_subsys *ship_get_indexed_subsys(ship *sp, int index);	// returns index'th subsystem of this ship
extern int ship_find_subsys(const ship *sp, const char *ss_name);		// returns numerical index in linked list of subsystems
extern int ship_get_subsys_index(const ship_subsys *subsys);

extern bool ship_subsystems_blown(const ship *shipp, int type, bool skip_dying_check = false);
extern float ship_get_subsystem_strength(const ship *shipp, int type, bool skip_dying_check = false, bool no_minimum_engine_str = false);
extern ship_subsys *ship_get_subsys(const ship *shipp, const char *subsys_name);
extern int ship_get_num_subsys(const ship *shipp);
extern ship_subsys *ship_get_closest_subsys_in_sight(const ship *sp, int subsys_type, const vec3d *attacker_pos);

//WMC
const char *ship_subsys_get_name(const ship_subsys *ss);
bool ship_subsys_has_instance_name(const ship_subsys *ss);
void ship_subsys_set_name(ship_subsys* ss, const char* n_name);

const char *ship_subsys_get_name_on_hud(const ship_subsys *ss);
const char *ship_subsys_get_canonical_name(const ship_subsys *ss);

// subsys disruption
extern int ship_subsys_disrupted(const ship_subsys *ss);
extern int ship_subsys_disrupted(const ship *sp, int type);
extern void ship_subsys_set_disrupted(ship_subsys *ss, int time);

extern int	ship_do_rearm_frame( object *objp, float frametime );
extern float ship_calculate_rearm_duration( object *objp );
extern void	ship_wing_cleanup( int shipnum, wing *wingp );
extern void wing_maybe_cleanup( wing *wingp, int team = -1 );

extern int ship_find_repair_ship( object *requester_obj, object **ship_we_found = NULL );
extern void ship_close();	// called in game_shutdown() to free malloced memory


extern void ship_assign_sound_all();
extern void ship_assign_sound(ship *sp);

extern void ship_clear_ship_type_counts();
extern void ship_add_ship_type_count( int ship_info_index, int num );

extern const char *ship_get_type(const ship_info *sip);
extern const SCP_set<size_t>& ship_get_default_orders_accepted( ship_info *sip );
extern SCP_set<size_t> ship_get_default_orders_against();
extern int ship_query_general_type(int ship);
extern int ship_class_query_general_type(int ship_class);
extern int ship_query_general_type(ship *shipp);
extern int ship_docking_valid(int docker, int dockee);
extern int get_quadrant(const vec3d *hit_pnt, const object *shipobjp = nullptr);	//	Return quadrant num of given hit point.

int ship_secondary_bank_has_ammo(int shipnum);	// check if current secondary bank has ammo

int ship_engine_ok_to_warp(ship *sp);		// check if ship has engine power to warp
int ship_navigation_ok_to_warp(ship *sp);	// check if ship has navigation power to warp
bool ship_can_warp_full_check(ship *sp);		// checks both the warp flags and ship_engine_ok_to_warp() and ship_navigation_ok_to_warp() --wookieejedi
bool ship_can_bay_depart(ship *sp);			// checks to see if a ship has a departure location as a bay and if the mothership is present

int ship_return_subsys_path_normal(const ship *sp, const ship_subsys *ss, const vec3d *gsubpos, vec3d *norm);
bool ship_subsystem_in_sight(const object *objp, const ship_subsys *subsys, const vec3d *eye_pos, const vec3d *subsys_pos, bool do_facing_check = true, float *dot_out = nullptr, vec3d *vec_out = nullptr);
ship_subsys *ship_return_next_subsys(ship *shipp, int type, vec3d *attacker_pos);

// defines and definition for function to get a random ship of a particular team (any ship,
// any ship but player ships, or only players)
#define SHIP_GET_ANY_SHIP				0
#define SHIP_GET_NO_PLAYERS				1
#define SHIP_GET_ONLY_PLAYERS			2
#define SHIP_GET_UNSILENCED				3	// Karajorma - Returns no_players that can send builtin messages.


extern int ship_get_random_team_ship(int team_mask, int flags = SHIP_GET_ANY_SHIP, float max_dist = 0.0f);
extern int ship_get_random_player_wing_ship(int flags = SHIP_GET_ANY_SHIP, float max_dist = 0.0f, int persona_index = -1, int get_first = 0, int multi_team = -1);
extern int ship_get_random_ship_in_wing(int wingnum, int flags = SHIP_GET_ANY_SHIP, float max_dist = 0.0f, int get_first = 0, int order_id = -1);

// return ship index
int ship_get_random_targetable_ship();

extern int ship_get_by_signature(int signature);

#ifndef NDEBUG
extern int Ai_render_debug_flag;
extern int Show_shield_mesh;
extern int Ship_auto_repair;	// flag to indicate auto-repair of subsystem should occur
#endif

int ship_dumbfire_threat(ship *sp);
int ship_lock_threat(ship *sp);

int	bitmask_2_bitnum(int num);
SCP_string ship_return_orders(ship *sp);
char	*ship_return_time_to_goal(char *outbuf, ship *sp);
int	ship_return_seconds_to_goal(ship *sp);

void	ship_maybe_warn_player(ship *enemy_sp, float dist);
void	ship_maybe_praise_player(ship *deader_sp);
void	ship_maybe_praise_self(ship *deader_sp, ship *killer_sp);
void	ship_maybe_ask_for_help(ship *sp, ship *attacker);
void	ship_scream(ship *sp);
void	ship_maybe_scream(ship *sp);
void	ship_maybe_tell_about_rearm(ship *sp);
void	ship_maybe_tell_about_low_ammo(ship *sp);
void	ship_maybe_lament();

void ship_primary_changed(ship *sp);
void ship_secondary_changed(ship *sp);

// get the Ship_info flags for a given ship
flagset<Ship::Info_Flags> ship_get_SIF(ship *shipp);
flagset<Ship::Info_Flags> ship_get_SIF(int sh);

// get the ship type info (objecttypes.tbl)
ship_type_info *ship_get_type_info(object *objp);

extern void ship_do_cargo_revealed( ship *shipp, int from_network = 0 );
extern void ship_do_cargo_hidden( ship *shipp, int from_network = 0 );
extern void ship_do_cap_subsys_cargo_revealed( ship *shipp, ship_subsys *subsys, int from_network = 0);
extern void ship_do_cap_subsys_cargo_hidden( ship *shipp, ship_subsys *subsys, int from_network = 0);

float ship_get_secondary_weapon_range(ship *shipp);

// Goober5000
int get_max_ammo_count_for_primary_bank(int ship_class, int bank, int ammo_type);
int get_max_ammo_count_for_primary_turret_bank(ship_weapon* swp, int bank, int ammo_type);


int get_max_ammo_count_for_bank(int ship_class, int bank, int ammo_type);
int get_max_ammo_count_for_turret_bank(ship_weapon *swp, int bank, int ammo_type);

int is_support_allowed(object *objp, bool do_simple_check = false);

// Given an object and a turret on that object, return the actual firing point of the gun
// and its normal.   This uses the current turret angles.  We are keeping track of which
// gun to fire next in the ship specific info for this turret subobject.  Use this info
// to determine which position to fire from next.
//	Stuffs:
//		*gpos: absolute position of gun firing point
//		*gvec: vector fro *gpos to *targetp
void ship_get_global_turret_gun_info(const object *objp, const ship_subsys *ssp, vec3d *gpos, bool avg_origin, vec3d *gvec, bool use_angles, const vec3d *targetp);

//	Given an object and a turret on that object, return the global position and forward vector
//	of the turret.   The gun normal is the unrotated gun normal, (the center of the FOV cone), not
// the actual gun normal given using the current turret heading.  But it _is_ rotated into the model's orientation
//	in global space.
void ship_get_global_turret_info(const object *objp, const model_subsystem *tp, vec3d *gpos, vec3d *gvec);

// return 1 if objp is in fov of the specified turret, tp.  Otherwise return 0.
//	dist = distance from turret to center point of object
bool object_in_turret_fov(const object *objp, const ship_subsys *ss, const vec3d *tvec, const vec3d *tpos, float dist);

// functions for testing fov.. returns true if fov test is passed.
bool turret_std_fov_test(const ship_subsys *ss, const vec3d *gvec, const vec3d *v2e, float size_mod = 0);
bool turret_adv_fov_test(const ship_subsys *ss, const vec3d *gvec, const vec3d *v2e, float size_mod = 0);
bool turret_fov_test(const ship_subsys *ss, const vec3d *gvec, const vec3d *v2e, float size_mod = 0);

// function for checking adjusted turret rof
float get_adjusted_turret_rof(ship_subsys *ss);

// forcible jettison cargo from a ship
void object_jettison_cargo(object *objp, object *cargo_objp, float jettison_speed, bool jettison_new);

// get damage done by exploding ship, takes into account mods for individual ship
float ship_get_exp_damage(object* objp);

// get outer radius of damage, takes into account mods for individual ship
float ship_get_exp_outer_rad(object *ship_objp);

// externed by Goober5000
extern int ship_explode_area_calc_damage( vec3d *pos1, vec3d *pos2, float inner_rad, float outer_rad, float max_damage, float max_blast, float *damage, float *blast );

// determine turret status of a given subsystem, returns 0 for no turret, 1 for "fixed turret", 2 for "rotating" turret
int ship_get_turret_type(ship_subsys *subsys);

// get ship by object signature, returns OBJECT INDEX
int ship_get_by_signature(int sig);

// get the team of a reinforcement item
int ship_get_reinforcement_team(const reinforcements &reinforcement);

// page in bitmaps for all ships on a given level
void ship_page_in();

// Goober5000 - helper for above
void ship_page_in_textures(int ship_index = -1);

// fixer for above - taylor
void ship_page_out_textures(int ship_index, bool release = false);

// replaces a texture on a ship with a different texture
void ship_replace_active_texture(int ship_index, const char* old_name, const char* new_name);

// update artillery lock info
void ship_update_artillery_lock();

// checks if a world point is inside the extended bounding box of a ship
int check_world_pt_in_expanded_ship_bbox(const vec3d *world_pt, const object *objp, float delta_box);

// returns true if objp is ship and is tagged
int ship_is_tagged(object *objp);

// returns max normal speed of ship (overclocked / afterburned)
float ship_get_max_speed(ship *shipp);

// returns warpout speed of ship
float ship_get_warpout_speed(object *objp, ship_info *sip = nullptr, float half_length = 0.0f, float warping_dist = 0.0f);

// returns true if ship is beginning to speed up in warpout
int ship_is_beginning_warpout_speedup(object *objp);

// return the length of the ship class
float ship_class_get_length(const ship_info *sip);

// return the actual center of the ship class
void ship_class_get_actual_center(const ship_info *sip, vec3d *center_pos);

// Goober5000 - used by change-ai-class
extern void ship_set_new_ai_class(ship *shipp, int new_ai_class);
extern void ship_subsystem_set_new_ai_class(ship_subsys *ss, int new_ai_class);

// wing squad logos - Goober5000
extern void wing_load_squad_bitmap(wing *w);

// Goober5000 - needed by new hangar depart code
extern bool ship_has_hangar_bay(int shipnum);
extern bool ship_useful_for_departure(int shipnum, int path_mask = 0);
extern int ship_get_ship_for_departure(int team);

// Goober5000
extern bool ship_fighterbays_all_destroyed(ship *shipp);

// Goober5000
extern bool ship_subsys_takes_damage(ship_subsys *ss);

// Goober5000 - handles submodel rotation for subsystems, excluding turrets
extern void ship_move_subsystems(object *objp);

// Goober5000 - shortcut hud stuff
extern int ship_has_energy_weapons(ship *shipp);
extern int ship_has_engine_power(ship *shipp);

// Swifty - Cockpit displays
void ship_init_cockpit_displays(ship *shipp);
void ship_close_cockpit_displays(ship* shipp);
int ship_start_render_cockpit_display(size_t cockpit_display_num);
void ship_end_render_cockpit_display(size_t cockpit_display_num);

// Goober5000
int ship_starting_wing_lookup(const char *wing_name);
int ship_squadron_wing_lookup(const char *wing_name);
int ship_tvt_wing_lookup(const char *wing_name);

// Goober5000
int ship_class_compare(int ship_class_1, int ship_class_2);

int armor_type_get_idx(const char* name);

void armor_init();

// Sushi - Path metadata
void init_path_metadata(path_metadata& metadata);


typedef struct ship_effect {
	char name[NAME_LENGTH];
	bool disables_rendering;
	bool invert_timer;
	int shader_effect;
} ship_effect;

extern SCP_vector<ship_effect> Ship_effects;

/**
 *  @brief Returns a ship-specific sound index
 *  
 *  @param objp An object pointer. Has to be of type OBJ_SHIP
 *  @param id A sound id as defined in gamsesnd.h. If the given id is unknown then the game_snd with the id as index is returned.
 *  
 *  @return An index into the Snds vector, if the specified index could not be found then the id itself will be returned
 */
gamesnd_id ship_get_sound(object *objp, GameSounds id);

/**
 *  @brief Specifies if a ship has a custom sound for the specified id
 *  
 *  @param objp An object pointer. Has to be of type OBJ_SHIP
 *  @param id A sound id as defined in gamsesnd.h
 *  
 *  @return True if this object has the specified sound, false otherwise
 */
bool ship_has_sound(object *objp, GameSounds id);

/**
 * @brief Returns the index of the default player ship
 *
 * @return An index into Ship_info[], location of the default player ship.
 */
int get_default_player_ship_index();

/**
 * Given a ship with bounding box and a point, find the closest point on the bbox
 *
 * @param ship_obj Object that has the bounding box (should be a ship)
 * @param start World position of the point being compared
 * @param box_pt OUTPUT PARAMETER: closest point on the bbox to start
 *
 * @return point is inside bbox, TRUE/1
 * @return point is outside bbox, FALSE/0
 */
int get_nearest_bbox_point(const object *ship_obj, const vec3d *start, vec3d *box_pt);

extern flagset<Ship::Ship_Flags> Ignore_List;
inline bool should_be_ignored(ship* shipp) {
    return (shipp->flags & Ignore_List).any_set();
}

extern void set_default_ignore_list();

extern void toggle_ignore_list_flag(Ship::Ship_Flags flag);

ship_subsys* ship_get_subsys_for_submodel(ship* shipp, int submodel);

// Clears a lock_info struct with defaults
void ship_clear_lock(lock_info *slot);

// queues up locks
void ship_queue_missile_locks(ship *shipp);

// snoops missile locks to see if any are ready to fire.
bool ship_lock_present(ship *shipp);

bool ship_secondary_has_ammo(ship_weapon* swp, int bank_index);

// Used to check if one ship can see the other on radar
int ship_check_visibility(const ship* viewed, ship* viewer);

// Find the first available arc slot.  If none is available, and no_create is false, add one.
ship_electrical_arc *ship_find_or_create_electrical_arc_slot(ship *shipp, bool no_create);

#endif