From 61e05210be63d10c21d7a4286f59dd0d0a0b7ffb Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: John Doe <johndoe@example.com>
Date: Tue, 10 Mar 2026 23:25:56 -0400
Subject: [PATCH] Added libgomp1

---
 install/llamacpp-install.sh       |  10 ++-
 plans/llamacpp-cpu-backend-fix.md | 101 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 110 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)
 create mode 100644 plans/llamacpp-cpu-backend-fix.md

diff --git a/install/llamacpp-install.sh b/install/llamacpp-install.sh
index f02a3442a..e0643353f 100644
--- a/install/llamacpp-install.sh
+++ b/install/llamacpp-install.sh
@@ -20,7 +20,8 @@ $STD apt-get install -y \
   vulkan-tools \
   libvulkan1 \
   mesa-vulkan-drivers \
-  pciutils
+  pciutils \
+  libgomp1
 msg_ok "Installed Dependencies"
 
 # Create directories
@@ -175,6 +176,13 @@ systemctl restart llamacpp
 
 ## Troubleshooting
 
+If you see "no CPU backend found" error:
+1. Ensure libgomp1 is installed: apt-get install -y libgomp1
+2. Verify CPU backend libraries load: ldd /opt/llamacpp/bin/libggml-cpu-haswell.so
+3. Check all libraries are present: ls -la /opt/llamacpp/bin/libggml-*.so
+4. Backend libraries MUST be in the same directory as the executable
+5. See: https://github.com/ggml-org/llama.cpp/issues/17491
+
 If you see "no backends are loaded" error:
 1. Backend libraries MUST be in the same directory as the executable
 2. Check all libraries are present: ls -la /opt/llamacpp/bin/*.so
diff --git a/plans/llamacpp-cpu-backend-fix.md b/plans/llamacpp-cpu-backend-fix.md
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..f4b03fb4b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/plans/llamacpp-cpu-backend-fix.md
@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+# Fix Plan: llama.cpp CPU Backend Missing
+
+## Problem Summary
+
+The llama.cpp service fails to start with the error:
+```
+llama_model_load: error loading model: make_cpu_buft_list: no CPU backend found
+```
+
+## Root Cause Analysis
+
+### Initial Hypothesis (INCORRECT)
+Initially suspected that CPU backend files were missing from the installation.
+
+### Actual Root Cause (CONFIRMED)
+The CPU backend files **ARE present** in `/opt/llamacpp/bin/`, but they fail to load due to a **missing dependency**:
+
+```
+$ ldd /opt/llamacpp/bin/libggml-cpu-haswell.so
+        libgomp.so.1 => not found    <-- MISSING!
+```
+
+**`libgomp.so.1`** (GNU OpenMP runtime library) is required by the CPU backend libraries but is not installed in the container.
+
+### Why RPC and Vulkan Backends Load Successfully
+- `libggml-rpc.so` - No `libgomp` dependency ✅
+- `libggml-vulkan.so` - No `libgomp` dependency ✅
+- `libggml-cpu-*.so` - **Requires `libgomp.so.1`** ❌
+
+## Solution
+
+### Fix: Install libgomp1 Package
+
+Add `libgomp1` to the dependencies in [`install/llamacpp-install.sh`](install/llamacpp-install.sh):
+
+```bash
+msg_info "Installing Dependencies"
+$STD apt-get install -y \
+  curl \
+  wget \
+  ca-certificates \
+  vulkan-tools \
+  libvulkan1 \
+  mesa-vulkan-drivers \
+  pciutils \
+  libgomp1    # <-- Add this package
+msg_ok "Installed Dependencies"
+```
+
+### Why This Works
+- `libgomp1` provides `libgomp.so.1` (GNU OpenMP runtime)
+- CPU backends use OpenMP for parallel processing
+- Without this library, the dynamic linker fails to load `libggml-cpu-*.so`
+
+## Verification Steps
+
+After installing `libgomp1`, verify the fix:
+
+```bash
+# 1. Verify libgomp is installed
+ldd /opt/llamacpp/bin/libggml-cpu-haswell.so | grep gomp
+# Expected: libgomp.so.1 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libgomp.so.1 (0x...)
+
+# 2. Verify CPU backend loads
+/opt/llamacpp/bin/llama-server --version
+# Expected output should include:
+# load_backend: loaded RPC backend from ...
+# load_backend: loaded Vulkan backend from ...
+# load_backend: loaded CPU backend from .../libggml-cpu-*.so  <-- This should now appear
+
+# 3. Test model loading
+systemctl start llamacpp
+journalctl -u llamacpp -f
+# Should no longer show "no CPU backend found" error
+```
+
+## Implementation
+
+### File to Modify
+[`install/llamacpp-install.sh`](install/llamacpp-install.sh) - Line 16-23
+
+### Change Required
+```diff
+  msg_info "Installing Dependencies"
+  $STD apt-get install -y \
+    curl \
+    wget \
+    ca-certificates \
+    vulkan-tools \
+    libvulkan1 \
+    mesa-vulkan-drivers \
+    pciutils \
++   libgomp1
+  msg_ok "Installed Dependencies"
+```
+
+## References
+
+- [GitHub Issue #17491: CPU backend loader does not respect LD_LIBRARY_PATH](https://github.com/ggml-org/llama.cpp/issues/17491)
+- [GitHub Issue #14691: make_cpu_buft_list: no CPU backend found](https://github.com/ggml-org/llama.cpp/issues/14691)
+- [GNU OpenMP (libgomp) Documentation](https://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/libgomp/)