Core: Track graphics startup failures and cycle.

If the graphics driver segfaults, or some plugin segfaults, let's try a
different one next time.  This gives better hope of starting up next time.

Core/Config.cpp

@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@
 #include <cstdlib>
 #include <ctime>
 #include <functional>
+#include <set>
 
 #include "base/display.h"
 #include "base/NativeApp.h"
@@ -545,6 +546,46 @@ static int DefaultGPUBackend() {
 	return (int)GPUBackend::OPENGL;
 }
 
+int Config::NextValidBackend() {
+	std::vector<std::string> split;
+	std::set<int> failed;
+	SplitString(sFailedGPUBackends, ',', split);
+	for (const auto &str : split) {
+		if (!str.empty() && str != "ALL") {
+			failed.insert(atoi(str.c_str()));
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (failed.count(iGPUBackend)) {
+#if (PPSSPP_PLATFORM(WINDOWS) || PPSSPP_PLATFORM(ANDROID)) && !PPSSPP_PLATFORM(UWP)
+		if (VulkanMayBeAvailable() && !failed.count((int)GPUBackend::VULKAN)) {
+			return (int)GPUBackend::VULKAN;
+		}
+#endif
+#if PPSSPP_PLATFORM(WINDOWS)
+		if (DoesVersionMatchWindows(6, 1, 0, 0, true) && !failed.count((int)GPUBackend::DIRECT3D11)) {
+			return (int)GPUBackend::DIRECT3D11;
+		}
+#endif
+#if !PPSSPP_PLATFORM(UWP)
+		if (!failed.count((int)GPUBackend::OPENGL)) {
+			return (int)GPUBackend::OPENGL;
+		}
+#endif
+#if PPSSPP_PLATFORM(WINDOWS) && !PPSSPP_PLATFORM(UWP)
+		if (!failed.count((int)GPUBackend::DIRECT3D9)) {
+			return (int)GPUBackend::DIRECT3D9;
+		}
+#endif
+
+		// They've all failed.  Let them try the default.
+		sFailedGPUBackends += ",ALL";
+		return DefaultGPUBackend();
+	}
+
+	return iGPUBackend;
+}
+
 static bool DefaultVertexCache() {
 	return DefaultGPUBackend() == (int)GPUBackend::OPENGL;
 }
@@ -556,6 +597,7 @@ static ConfigSetting graphicsSettings[] = {
 	ConfigSetting("CardboardYShift", &g_Config.iCardboardXShift, 0, true, true),
 	ConfigSetting("ShowFPSCounter", &g_Config.iShowFPSCounter, 0, true, true),
 	ReportedConfigSetting("GraphicsBackend", &g_Config.iGPUBackend, &DefaultGPUBackend),
+	ConfigSetting("FailedGraphicsBackends", &g_Config.sFailedGPUBackends, ""),
 	ConfigSetting("VulkanDevice", &g_Config.sVulkanDevice, "", true, false),
 #ifdef _WIN32
 	ConfigSetting("D3D11Device", &g_Config.sD3D11Device, "", true, false),

Core/Config.h

@@ -121,6 +121,7 @@ public:
 
 	// GFX
 	int iGPUBackend;
+	std::string sFailedGPUBackends;
 	// We have separate device parameters for each backend so it doesn't get erased if you switch backends.
 	// If not set, will use the "best" device.
 	std::string sVulkanDevice;
@@ -441,6 +442,7 @@ public:
 	void GetReportingInfo(UrlEncoder &data);
 
 	bool IsPortrait() const;
+	int NextValidBackend();
 
 protected:
 	void LoadStandardControllerIni();

UI/NativeApp.cpp

@@ -29,13 +29,10 @@
 // in NativeShutdown.
 
 #include <locale.h>
-// Linux doesn't like using std::find with std::vector<int> without this :/
-#if !defined(MOBILE_DEVICE)
 #include <algorithm>
-#endif
 #include <memory>
-#include <thread>
 #include <mutex>
+#include <thread>
 
 #if defined(_WIN32)
 #include "Windows/DSoundStream.h"
@@ -347,6 +344,46 @@ void CreateDirectoriesAndroid() {
 	File::CreateEmptyFile(g_Config.memStickDirectory + "PSP/SAVEDATA/.nomedia");
 }
 
+static void CheckFailedGPUBackends() {
+	std::string cache = GetSysDirectory(DIRECTORY_APP_CACHE) + "/FailedGraphicsBackends.txt";
+
+	if (System_GetPropertyBool(SYSPROP_SUPPORTS_PERMISSIONS)) {
+		std::string data;
+		if (readFileToString(true, cache.c_str(), data))
+			g_Config.sFailedGPUBackends = data;
+	}
+
+	// Okay, let's not try a backend in the failed list.
+	g_Config.iGPUBackend = g_Config.NextValidBackend();
+	// And then let's - for now - add the current to the failed list.
+	if (g_Config.sFailedGPUBackends.empty()) {
+		g_Config.sFailedGPUBackends = StringFromFormat("%d", g_Config.iGPUBackend);
+	} else if (g_Config.sFailedGPUBackends.find("ALL") == std::string::npos) {
+		g_Config.sFailedGPUBackends += StringFromFormat(",%d", g_Config.iGPUBackend);
+	}
+
+	if (System_GetPropertyBool(SYSPROP_SUPPORTS_PERMISSIONS)) {
+		// Let's try to create, in case it doesn't exist.
+		if (!File::Exists(GetSysDirectory(DIRECTORY_APP_CACHE)))
+			File::CreateDir(GetSysDirectory(DIRECTORY_APP_CACHE));
+		writeStringToFile(true, g_Config.sFailedGPUBackends, cache.c_str());
+	} else {
+		// Just save immediately, since we have storage.
+		g_Config.Save();
+	}
+}
+
+static void ClearFailedGPUBackends() {
+	// We've successfully started graphics without crashing, hurray.
+	// In case they update drivers and have totally different problems much later, clear the failed list.
+	g_Config.sFailedGPUBackends.clear();
+	if (System_GetPropertyBool(SYSPROP_SUPPORTS_PERMISSIONS)) {
+		File::Delete(GetSysDirectory(DIRECTORY_APP_CACHE) + "/FailedGraphicsBackends.txt");
+	} else {
+		g_Config.Save();
+	}
+}
+
 void NativeInit(int argc, const char *argv[], const char *savegame_dir, const char *external_dir, const char *cache_dir) {
 	net::Init();  // This needs to happen before we load the config. So on Windows we also run it in Main. It's fine to call multiple times.
 
@@ -630,6 +667,7 @@ void NativeInit(int argc, const char *argv[], const char *savegame_dir, const ch
 
 	// We do this here, instead of in NativeInitGraphics, because the display may be reset.
 	// When it's reset we don't want to forget all our managed things.
+	CheckFailedGPUBackends();
 	SetGPUBackend((GPUBackend) g_Config.iGPUBackend);
 
 	// Must be done restarting by now.
@@ -951,6 +989,12 @@ void NativeRender(GraphicsContext *graphicsContext) {
 
 	ui_draw2d.PopDrawMatrix();
 	ui_draw2d_front.PopDrawMatrix();
+
+	static int renderCounter = 0;
+	if (renderCounter < 10 && ++renderCounter == 10) {
+		// We're rendering fine, clear out failure info.
+		ClearFailedGPUBackends();
+	}
 }
 
 void HandleGlobalMessage(const std::string &msg, const std::string &value) {

Windows/EmuThread.cpp

@@ -132,6 +132,18 @@ void MainThreadFunc() {
 	bool performingRestart = NativeIsRestarting();
 	NativeInit(static_cast<int>(args.size()), &args[0], "1234", "1234", nullptr);
 
+	if (g_Config.sFailedGPUBackends.find("ALL") != std::string::npos) {
+		Reporting::ReportMessage("Graphics init error: %s", "ALL");
+
+		I18NCategory *err = GetI18NCategory("Error");
+		const char *defaultErrorAll = "Failed initializing any graphics. Try upgrading your graphics drivers.";
+		const char *genericError = err->T("GenericAllGraphicsError", defaultErrorAll);
+		std::wstring title = ConvertUTF8ToWString(err->T("GenericGraphicsError", "Graphics Error"));
+		MessageBox(0, ConvertUTF8ToWString(genericError).c_str(), title.c_str(), MB_OK);
+
+		// Let's continue (and probably crash) just so they have a way to keep trying.
+	}
+
 	host->UpdateUI();
 
 	std::string error_string;
@@ -182,6 +194,8 @@ void MainThreadFunc() {
 		if (yes) {
 			// Change the config to the alternative and restart.
 			g_Config.iGPUBackend = (int)nextBackend;
+			// Clear this to ensure we try their selection.
+			g_Config.sFailedGPUBackends.clear();
 			g_Config.Save();
 
 			W32Util::ExitAndRestart();

Windows/GPU/D3D11Context.cpp

@@ -145,6 +145,7 @@ bool D3D11Context::Init(HINSTANCE hInst, HWND wnd, std::string *error_message) {
 		if (yes) {
 			// Change the config to D3D and restart.
 			g_Config.iGPUBackend = (int)GPUBackend::DIRECT3D9;
+			g_Config.sFailedGPUBackends.clear();
 			g_Config.Save();
 
 			W32Util::ExitAndRestart();

Windows/GPU/WindowsGLContext.cpp

@@ -267,6 +267,7 @@ bool WindowsGLContext::InitFromRenderThread(std::string *error_message) {
 			std::wstring whichD3D9 = ConvertUTF8ToWString(err->T("D3D9or11", d3d9Or11));
 			bool d3d9 = IDYES == MessageBox(hWnd_, whichD3D9.c_str(), title.c_str(), MB_YESNO);
 			g_Config.iGPUBackend = d3d9 ? (int)GPUBackend::DIRECT3D9 : (int)GPUBackend::DIRECT3D11;
+			g_Config.sFailedGPUBackends.clear();
 			g_Config.Save();
 
 			W32Util::ExitAndRestart();