feat: update default model from gpt-4o to gpt-4o-mini and bump version to 2.2.64

- Improved session memory persistence for agent chat history
- Optimised methods for saving and restoring agent chat histories
- Ensured compatibility with existing code while enhancing functionality
- Addressed issues related to chat history loss during session transitions

Co-authored-by: Mervin Praison <[email protected]>

.github/actions/gemini/action.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+name: 'Gemini CLI Action'
+description: 'Uses the Gemini CLI to automate software development tasks.'
+author: 'Gemini'
+
+inputs:
+  prompt:
+    description: 'A specific prompt to guide Gemini.'
+    required: false
+    default: 'You are a helpful assistant.'
+  GEMINI_API_KEY:
+    description: 'Your Gemini API key.'
+    required: true
+  OTLP_GCP_WIF_PROVIDER:
+    description: 'The workload identity provider for GCP authentication.'
+    required: false
+  OTLP_GOOGLE_CLOUD_PROJECT:
+    description: 'The Google Cloud project for telemetry.'
+    required: false
+  settings_json:
+    description: |
+      A JSON string to configure the Gemini CLI. This will be written to .gemini/settings.json.
+      To enable observability with Google Cloud, include:
+      {"telemetry": {"enabled": true, "target": "gcp"}, "sandbox": false}
+    required: false
+  version:
+    description: |
+      The version of @google/gemini-cli to execute.
+      Can be a specific version from npm (e.g., '0.1.0', 'latest'), a branch name (e.g., 'main'), or a commit hash.
+    required: false
+    default: 'latest'
+
+runs:
+  using: "composite"
+  steps:
+    - name: Configure Gemini CLI
+      if: inputs.settings_json != ''
+      run: |
+        mkdir -p .gemini
+        echo "$SETTINGS_JSON" > .gemini/settings.json
+      shell: bash
+      env:
+        SETTINGS_JSON: ${{ inputs.settings_json }}
+
+    - name: Authenticate to Google Cloud for Telemetry 
+      if: inputs.OTLP_GCP_WIF_PROVIDER != ''
+      id: auth
+      uses: 'google-github-actions/auth@v2'
+      with:
+        project_id: ${{ inputs.OTLP_GOOGLE_CLOUD_PROJECT }}
+        workload_identity_provider: ${{ inputs.OTLP_GCP_WIF_PROVIDER }}
+
+    - name: Install Gemini CLI
+      id: install
+      run: |
+        if [[ "${{ inputs.version }}" == "latest" || "${{ inputs.version }}" =~ ^[0-9]+\.[0-9]+\.[0-9]+(-[a-zA-Z0-9\.-]+)?(\+[a-zA-Z0-9\.-]+)?$ ]]; then
+          echo "Installing Gemini CLI from npm: @google/gemini-cli@${{ inputs.version }}"
+          npm install -g @google/gemini-cli@${{ inputs.version }}
+        else
+          echo "Installing Gemini CLI from GitHub: github:google-gemini/gemini-cli#${{ inputs.version }}"
+          npm install -g github:google-gemini/gemini-cli#${{ inputs.version }}
+        fi
+        echo "Verifying installation:"
+        if command -v gemini >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+          gemini --version || echo "Gemini CLI installed successfully (version command not available)"
+        else
+          echo "Error: Gemini CLI not found in PATH"
+          exit 1
+        fi
+      shell: bash
+
+    - name: Run Gemini CLI
+      run: |
+        gemini --yolo --prompt "$PROMPT"
+      shell: bash
+      env:
+        GEMINI_API_KEY: ${{ inputs.GEMINI_API_KEY }}
+        PROMPT: ${{ inputs.prompt }}
+
+branding:
+  icon: 'terminal'
+  color: 'blue'

.github/workflows/auto-issue-comment.yml

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-name: Auto Issue Comment
+name: Auto Issue Comment with PR Creation
 
 on:
   issues:
@@ -9,6 +9,9 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     permissions:
       issues: write
+      contents: write
+      pull-requests: write
+      actions: read
     steps:
       - name: Add automated comment
         uses: actions/github-script@v7
@@ -19,5 +22,5 @@ jobs:
               issue_number: context.issue.number,
               owner: context.repo.owner,
               repo: context.repo.repo,
-              body: '@claude review this issue and do a detailed analysis and fix this if the existing code doesn\'t have the solution implemented. Making sure it has backward compatibility, no existing features removed. After making those changes, again use multi agents to review the applied changes. Use @web to search if you dont know any information or to find the latest documentation or to find the latest version. Run the code if you think you need to run it to test it. Minimal code change to start with if required any changes.'
-            }) 
+              body: '@claude review this issue and do a detailed analysis and fix this if the existing code doesn\'t have the solution implemented. Making sure it has backward compatibility, no existing features removed. After making those changes, again review the applied changes. Use @web to search if you dont know any information or to find the latest documentation or to find the latest version. Run the code if you think you need to run it to test it. Minimal code change to start with if required any changes. **Please create a PR using gh tool with your changes**.'
+            })

.github/workflows/auto-pr-comment.yml

@@ -19,5 +19,5 @@ jobs:
               issue_number: context.issue.number,
               owner: context.repo.owner,
               repo: context.repo.repo,
-              body: '@claude review this pull request and do a detailed analysis and fix this if the existing code doesn\'t have the solution implemented. Making sure it has backward compatibility, no existing features removed. After making those changes, again use multi agents to review the applied changes. Use @web to search if you dont know any information or to find the latest documentation or to find the latest version. Run the code if you think you need to run it to test it. Minimal code change to start with if required any changes.'
+              body: '@claude review this pull request and do a detailed analysis and fix this if the existing code doesn\'t have the solution implemented. Making sure it has backward compatibility, no existing features removed. After making those changes, again review the applied changes. Use @web to search if you dont know any information or to find the latest documentation or to find the latest version. Run the code if you think you need to run it to test it. Minimal code change to start with if required any changes.'
             }) 

.github/workflows/claude.yml

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-name: Claude Code
+name: Claude Assistant
 
 on:
   issue_comment:
@@ -6,41 +6,60 @@ on:
   pull_request_review_comment:
     types: [created]
   issues:
-    types: [opened, assigned]
+    types: [opened, assigned, labeled]
   pull_request_review:
     types: [submitted]
 
 jobs:
-  claude:
+  claude-response:
+    # Prevent bots from triggering this action
     if: |
-      (github.event_name == 'issue_comment' && contains(github.event.comment.body, '@claude')) ||
-      (github.event_name == 'pull_request_review_comment' && contains(github.event.comment.body, '@claude')) ||
-      (github.event_name == 'pull_request_review' && contains(github.event.review.body, '@claude')) ||
-      (github.event_name == 'issues' && (contains(github.event.issue.body, '@claude') || contains(github.event.issue.title, '@claude')))
+      github.actor != 'dependabot[bot]' &&
+      github.actor != 'github-actions[bot]' &&
+      github.actor != 'cursor[bot]' &&
+      !contains(github.actor, '[bot]') &&
+      github.actor != 'renovate[bot]'
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     permissions:
-      contents: read
-      pull-requests: read
-      issues: read
-      id-token: write
+      contents: write
+      pull-requests: write
+      issues: write
+      actions: read
     steps:
       - name: Checkout repository
         uses: actions/checkout@v4
         with:
-          fetch-depth: 1
-
-      - name: Run Claude Code (OAuth)
-        id: claude
-        uses: grll/claude-code-action@beta
+          fetch-depth: 0
+          
+      - uses: anthropics/claude-code-action@beta
         with:
-          use_oauth: true
-          claude_access_token: ${{ secrets.CLAUDE_ACCESS_TOKEN }}
-          claude_refresh_token: ${{ secrets.CLAUDE_REFRESH_TOKEN }}
-          claude_expires_at: ${{ secrets.CLAUDE_EXPIRES_AT }}
+          claude_code_oauth_token: ${{ secrets.CLAUDE_ACCESS_TOKEN }}
+          github_token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+          trigger_phrase: "@claude"
+          allowed_tools: |
+            Bash(git:*)
+            Bash(python:*)
+            Bash(pip:*)
+            Bash(conda:*)
+            Bash(pytest:*)
+            Bash(gh:*)
+            Bash(python -m pytest:*)
+            Bash(python -m pip:*)
+            Bash(poetry:*)
+            View
+            GlobTool
+            GrepTool
+            BatchTool
+            Edit
+            Replace
+            mcp__github__get_issue
+            mcp__github__get_issue_comments
+            mcp__github__update_issue
+          timeout_minutes: 30
 
   post-review-comment:
-    needs: claude
-    if: success() && needs.claude.result == 'success'
+    needs: claude-response
+    if: success() && needs.claude-response.result == 'success'
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     permissions:
       contents: read
@@ -53,7 +72,7 @@ jobs:
         with:
           github-token: ${{ secrets.GH_TOKEN }}
           script: |
-            const reviewText = '@claude review if the changes made are as per the requirements';
+            const reviewText = '@claude review if the changes made in the above branch are as per the requirements and make changes to the above branch if issues still exist.';
             let comments = [];
             let issueNumber;
             
@@ -75,22 +94,34 @@ jobs:
                 issue_number: issueNumber
               });
               
-              const existingComment = comments.data.find(comment => 
+              // Look for Claude's completed review comments
+              const claudeReviewComments = comments.data.filter(comment => 
+                (comment.user.login === 'claude[bot]' || comment.body.includes('✅') || comment.body.includes('## Summary')) &&
+                !comment.body.includes('⏳') && 
+                !comment.body.includes('🔄') &&
+                !comment.body.includes('Loading...')
+              );
+              
+              // Check if our review request comment already exists
+              const existingReviewRequest = comments.data.find(comment => 
                 comment.body.includes(reviewText)
               );
               
-              const shouldPost = !existingComment;
+              // Post if Claude has completed a review AND we haven't posted the review request yet
+              const shouldPost = claudeReviewComments.length > 0 && !existingReviewRequest;
               core.setOutput('should-post', shouldPost);
+              console.log(`Claude review completed: ${claudeReviewComments.length > 0}`);
+              console.log(`Review request exists: ${!!existingReviewRequest}`);
               console.log(`Should post comment: ${shouldPost}`);
               
             } catch (error) {
               console.log('Error checking comments:', error);
-              core.setOutput('should-post', true); // If we can't check, proceed with posting
+              core.setOutput('should-post', false); // If we can't check, don't post
             }
 
-      - name: Wait 20 seconds before posting comment
+      - name: Wait 30 seconds before posting comment
         if: steps.check-comment.outputs.should-post == 'true'
-        run: sleep 20
+        run: sleep 30
 
       - name: Post review comment
         if: steps.check-comment.outputs.should-post == 'true'
@@ -99,23 +130,32 @@ jobs:
           github-token: ${{ secrets.GH_TOKEN }}
           script: |
             let issueNumber;
+            let isPR = false;
             
-            // Determine issue/PR number based on event type
+            // Determine issue/PR number and type based on event type
             if (context.eventName === 'pull_request_review_comment' || context.eventName === 'pull_request_review') {
               issueNumber = context.payload.pull_request?.number || context.issue.number;
+              isPR = true;
             } else if (context.eventName === 'issue_comment' && context.payload.issue.pull_request) {
               // This is a comment on a PR (not an issue)
               issueNumber = context.payload.issue.number;
+              isPR = true;
             } else {
-              // This is a regular issue
+              // This is a regular issue - don't post review comment
               issueNumber = context.issue.number;
+              isPR = false;
             }
             
-            console.log(`Posting review comment on issue/PR #${issueNumber}`);
-            
-            await github.rest.issues.createComment({
-              issue_number: issueNumber,
-              owner: context.repo.owner,
-              repo: context.repo.repo,
-              body: '@claude review if the changes made are as per the requirements'
-            });
+            // Only post review comment on PRs, not regular issues
+            if (isPR) {
+              console.log(`Posting review comment on PR #${issueNumber}`);
+              
+              await github.rest.issues.createComment({
+                issue_number: issueNumber,
+                owner: context.repo.owner,
+                repo: context.repo.repo,
+                body: '@claude review if the changes made in the above branch are as per the requirements and make changes to the above branch if issues still exist.'
+              });
+            } else {
+              console.log(`Skipping review comment for regular issue #${issueNumber}`);
+            }

.github/workflows/docker-publish.yml

@@ -40,5 +40,6 @@ jobs:
         uses: docker/build-push-action@v2
         with:
           context: .
+          file: ./docker/Dockerfile
           push: true
           tags: ghcr.io/mervinpraison/praisonai:latest

.github/workflows/gemini-issue-automated-triage.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+name: Gemini Automated Issue Triage
+
+on:
+  issue_comment:
+    types: [created]
+
+jobs:
+  triage-issue:
+    if: >
+      github.event_name == 'issue_comment' &&
+      !github.event.issue.pull_request &&
+      contains(github.event.comment.body, '@gemini triage') &&
+      (github.event.comment.author_association == 'OWNER' ||
+       github.event.comment.author_association == 'MEMBER' ||
+       github.event.comment.author_association == 'COLLABORATOR')
+    timeout-minutes: 5
+    permissions:
+      issues: write
+      contents: read
+      id-token: write
+    concurrency:
+      group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.event.issue.number }}
+      cancel-in-progress: true
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - name: Generate GitHub App Token
+        id: generate_token
+        uses: actions/create-github-app-token@v1
+        with:
+          app-id: ${{ secrets.APP_ID }}
+          private-key: ${{ secrets.PRIVATE_KEY }}
+
+      - name: Checkout repository
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        with:
+          token: ${{ steps.generate_token.outputs.token }}
+
+      - name: Run Gemini Issue Triage
+        uses: google-gemini/gemini-cli-action@main
+        env:
+          GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ steps.generate_token.outputs.token }}
+          ISSUE_TITLE: ${{ github.event.issue.title }}
+          ISSUE_BODY: ${{ github.event.issue.body }}
+          ISSUE_NUMBER: ${{ github.event.issue.number }}
+          REPOSITORY: ${{ github.repository }}
+        with:
+          version: 0.1.8-rc.0
+          GEMINI_API_KEY: ${{ secrets.GEMINI_API_KEY }}
+          OTLP_GCP_WIF_PROVIDER: ${{ secrets.OTLP_GCP_WIF_PROVIDER }}
+          OTLP_GOOGLE_CLOUD_PROJECT: ${{ secrets.OTLP_GOOGLE_CLOUD_PROJECT }}
+          settings_json: |
+            {
+              "coreTools": [
+                "run_shell_command(gh label list)",
+                "run_shell_command(gh issue edit)"
+              ],
+              "telemetry": {
+                "enabled": true,
+                "target": "gcp"
+              },
+              "sandbox": false
+            }
+          prompt: |
+            You are an issue triage assistant. Analyze the current GitHub issue and apply the most appropriate existing labels.
+
+            Steps:
+            1. Run: `gh label list --limit 100` to get all available labels.
+            2. Review the issue title and body provided in the environment variables.
+            3. Select the most relevant labels from the existing labels, focusing on kind/*, area/*, and priority/*.
+            4. Apply the selected labels to this issue using: `gh issue edit ISSUE_NUMBER --add-label "label1,label2"`
+
+            Guidelines:
+            - Only use labels that already exist in the repository.
+            - Do not add comments or modify the issue content.
+            - Triage only the current issue.
+            - Assign all applicable kind/*, area/*, and priority/* labels based on the issue content.

.github/workflows/gemini-issue-review.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,198 @@
+name: Gemini Issue Review
+
+on:
+  workflow_dispatch:
+  issue_comment:
+    types: [created]
+
+permissions:
+  contents: write
+  issues: write
+  pull-requests: read
+
+jobs:
+  review-issue:
+    if: >
+      github.event_name == 'workflow_dispatch' ||
+      (github.event_name == 'issue_comment' && 
+       !github.event.issue.pull_request && 
+       contains(github.event.comment.body, '@gemini') &&
+       !contains(github.event.comment.body, '@gemini triage') &&
+       (github.event.comment.author_association == 'OWNER' ||
+        github.event.comment.author_association == 'MEMBER' ||
+        github.event.comment.author_association == 'COLLABORATOR'))
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    env:
+      GEMINI_API_KEY: ${{ secrets.GEMINI_API_KEY }}
+    steps:
+      - name: Generate token
+        id: generate_token
+        uses: actions/create-github-app-token@v1
+        with:
+          app-id: ${{ secrets.APP_ID }}
+          private-key: ${{ secrets.PRIVATE_KEY }}
+
+      - name: Checkout repository
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        with:
+          token: ${{ steps.generate_token.outputs.token }}
+
+      - name: Set up Git
+        run: |
+          git config --local user.email "[email protected]"
+          git config --local user.name "Gemini Bot"
+
+      - name: Get issue data
+        id: issue_data
+        env:
+          GH_TOKEN: ${{ steps.generate_token.outputs.token }}
+        run: |
+          # Get issue number from event or context
+          if [ "${{ github.event_name }}" = "issue_comment" ]; then
+            ISSUE_NUMBER="${{ github.event.issue.number }}"
+          elif [ "${{ github.event_name }}" = "issues" ]; then
+            ISSUE_NUMBER="${{ github.event.issue.number }}"
+          else
+            echo "Unable to determine issue number"
+            exit 1
+          fi
+          
+          # Get issue details
+          gh issue view $ISSUE_NUMBER --json title,body,labels,assignees > issue_details.json
+          
+          # Extract additional instructions from comment if triggered by comment
+          ADDITIONAL_INSTRUCTIONS=""
+          if [ "${{ github.event_name }}" = "issue_comment" ]; then
+            COMMENT_BODY="${{ github.event.comment.body }}"
+            ADDITIONAL_INSTRUCTIONS=$(echo "$COMMENT_BODY" | sed -n 's/.*@gemini[[:space:]]*\(.*\)/\1/p' | head -1)
+          fi
+          
+          echo "ISSUE_NUMBER=$ISSUE_NUMBER" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+          echo "ADDITIONAL_INSTRUCTIONS=$ADDITIONAL_INSTRUCTIONS" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+
+      - name: Run Gemini CLI
+        uses: ./.github/actions/gemini
+        env:
+          GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ steps.generate_token.outputs.token }}
+          ISSUE_NUMBER: ${{ steps.issue_data.outputs.ISSUE_NUMBER }}
+          ADDITIONAL_INSTRUCTIONS: ${{ steps.issue_data.outputs.ADDITIONAL_INSTRUCTIONS }}
+          REPOSITORY: ${{ github.repository }}
+        with:
+          GEMINI_API_KEY: ${{ secrets.GEMINI_API_KEY }}
+          OTLP_GCP_WIF_PROVIDER: ${{ secrets.OTLP_GCP_WIF_PROVIDER }}
+          OTLP_GOOGLE_CLOUD_PROJECT: ${{ secrets.OTLP_GOOGLE_CLOUD_PROJECT }}
+          prompt: |
+            You are a helpful GitHub issue assistant. Your task is to analyze and help with GitHub issues.
+            
+            **Issue Details:**
+            - Issue Number: #${ISSUE_NUMBER}
+            - Repository: ${REPOSITORY}
+            - Issue URL: ${{ github.event.issue.html_url }}
+            
+            **Additional Instructions:** ${ADDITIONAL_INSTRUCTIONS}
+            
+            **CRITICAL: When making code modifications, follow this EXACT workflow:**
+            
+            **STEP 1: Analyze the Issue**
+            - Use: `gh issue view ${ISSUE_NUMBER} --json title,body,labels,assignees`
+            - Analyze issue content thoroughly
+            - Search codebase for related files using `glob`, `search_file_content`, `list_directory`
+            
+            **STEP 2: If Code Changes Are Needed**
+            Create a new branch with 'gemini/' prefix:
+            - Use: `git checkout -b gemini/issue-${ISSUE_NUMBER}-description`
+            - Example: `git checkout -b gemini/issue-123-fix-sequential-tools`
+            
+            **STEP 3: Make Code Modifications**
+            - Use `read_file` to examine existing code
+            - Use `write_file` or `replace` to make changes
+            - Use `search_file_content` to find related code
+            - Make focused, targeted changes to fix the issue
+            
+            **STEP 4: Test Changes (if applicable)**
+            - Run relevant tests if test files exist
+            - Use `run_shell_command` to execute test commands
+            
+            **STEP 5: Commit and Push Changes**
+            - Use: `git add .` (or specific files)
+            - Use: `git commit -m "Gemini: [Issue #${ISSUE_NUMBER}] Brief description of fix"`
+            - Use: `git push -u origin gemini/issue-${ISSUE_NUMBER}-description`
+            
+            **STEP 6: Create Pull Request**
+            - Use: `gh pr create --title "Fix #${ISSUE_NUMBER}: Issue description" --body "Fixes #${ISSUE_NUMBER}\n\nSummary of changes:\n- Change 1\n- Change 2" --head gemini/issue-${ISSUE_NUMBER}-description --base main`
+            - This will return a PR URL like: https://github.com/repo/pull/123
+            
+            **STEP 7: Comment on Issue with Results**
+            Use: `gh issue comment ${ISSUE_NUMBER} -b "MESSAGE"`
+            
+            **Your final comment MUST include:**
+            - Summary of what was analyzed
+            - What changes were made (if any)
+            - Link to the created PR (if applicable)
+            - Brief explanation of the solution
+            
+            **Example final comment:**
+            ```
+            Hi! I've analyzed and fixed this issue.
+            
+            **Problem:** Sequential tool calling was getting stuck after first tool call.
+            
+            **Solution:** Added proper prompt handling after each tool call in the Ollama model integration.
+            
+            **Changes Made:**
+            - Modified `src/praisonai-agents/ollama-sequential.py`
+            - Added continuation prompts for multi-step tool execution
+            
+            **Pull Request:** https://github.com/MervinPraison/PraisonAI/pull/856
+            
+            The fix is ready for review. Please test and let me know if you encounter any issues!
+            ```
+            
+            **IMPORTANT NOTES:**
+            - Always create branches with 'gemini/' prefix
+            - Always include issue number in branch name and commit message
+            - Always create PR that references the issue
+            - Always provide PR link in your final response
+            - Use the GITHUB_TOKEN environment variable for authentication
+            
+            Please proceed with helping resolve this issue following this exact workflow.
+
+          settings_json: |
+            {
+              "coreTools": [
+                "run_shell_command(echo)",
+                "run_shell_command(gh issue view)",
+                "run_shell_command(gh issue comment)",
+                "run_shell_command(gh issue list)",
+                "run_shell_command(gh issue edit)",
+                "run_shell_command(gh pr create)",
+                "run_shell_command(gh pr view)",
+                "run_shell_command(gh pr list)",
+                "run_shell_command(cat)",
+                "run_shell_command(head)",
+                "run_shell_command(tail)",
+                "run_shell_command(grep)",
+                "run_shell_command(find)",
+                "run_shell_command(git checkout)",
+                "run_shell_command(git add)",
+                "run_shell_command(git commit)",
+                "run_shell_command(git push)",
+                "run_shell_command(git status)",
+                "run_shell_command(git branch)",
+                "list_directory",
+                "read_file",
+                "read_many_files",
+                "write_file",
+                "replace",
+                "glob",
+                "search_file_content",
+                "web_fetch",
+                "google_web_search",
+                "save_memory"
+              ],
+              "telemetry": {
+                "enabled": false,
+                "otlpGcpWifProvider": "${{ secrets.OTLP_GCP_WIF_PROVIDER }}",
+                "googleCloudProject": "${{ secrets.OTLP_GOOGLE_CLOUD_PROJECT }}"
+              }
+            }

.github/workflows/gemini-pr-review.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,242 @@
+name: Gemini PR Review
+
+on:
+  issue_comment:
+    types: [created]
+  workflow_dispatch:
+    inputs:
+      pr_number:
+        description: 'PR number to review'
+        required: true
+        type: number
+
+jobs:
+  review-pr:
+    if: >
+      github.event_name == 'workflow_dispatch' ||
+      (github.event_name == 'issue_comment' && 
+       github.event.issue.pull_request && 
+       contains(github.event.comment.body, '@gemini') &&
+       (github.event.comment.author_association == 'OWNER' ||
+        github.event.comment.author_association == 'MEMBER' ||
+        github.event.comment.author_association == 'COLLABORATOR'))
+    timeout-minutes: 15
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    permissions:
+      contents: read
+      id-token: write
+      pull-requests: write
+      issues: write
+    steps:
+      - name: Generate GitHub App Token
+        id: generate_token
+        uses: actions/create-github-app-token@v1
+        with:
+          app-id: ${{ secrets.APP_ID }}
+          private-key: ${{ secrets.PRIVATE_KEY }}
+
+      - name: Determine checkout ref
+        id: checkout_ref
+        run: |
+          if [ "${{ github.event_name }}" = "issue_comment" ]; then
+            echo "ref=refs/pull/${{ github.event.issue.number }}/head" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+          else
+            echo "ref=${{ github.event.pull_request.head.sha }}" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+          fi
+
+      - name: Checkout PR code
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        with:
+          token: ${{ steps.generate_token.outputs.token }}
+          ref: ${{ steps.checkout_ref.outputs.ref }}
+          fetch-depth: 0
+
+      - name: Get PR details
+        id: get_pr
+        env:
+          GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ steps.generate_token.outputs.token }}
+        run: |
+          if [ "${{ github.event_name }}" = "workflow_dispatch" ]; then
+            PR_NUMBER=${{ github.event.inputs.pr_number }}
+          elif [ "${{ github.event_name }}" = "issue_comment" ]; then
+            PR_NUMBER=${{ github.event.issue.number }}
+          else
+            PR_NUMBER=${{ github.event.pull_request.number }}
+          fi
+          
+          echo "pr_number=$PR_NUMBER" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+          
+          # Extract additional instructions from comment (if triggered by comment)
+          ADDITIONAL_INSTRUCTIONS=""
+          if [ "${{ github.event_name }}" = "issue_comment" ]; then
+            COMMENT_BODY="${{ github.event.comment.body }}"
+            ADDITIONAL_INSTRUCTIONS=$(echo "$COMMENT_BODY" | sed 's/.*@gemini//' | xargs)
+          fi
+          echo "additional_instructions=$ADDITIONAL_INSTRUCTIONS" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+          
+          # Get PR details
+          PR_DATA=$(gh pr view $PR_NUMBER --json title,body,additions,deletions,changedFiles,baseRefName,headRefName)
+          echo "pr_data=$PR_DATA" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+          
+          # Get file changes
+          CHANGED_FILES=$(gh pr diff $PR_NUMBER --name-only)
+          echo "changed_files<<EOF" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+          echo "$CHANGED_FILES" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+          echo "EOF" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+
+      - name: Run Gemini PR Review
+        uses: ./.github/actions/gemini
+        env:
+          GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ steps.generate_token.outputs.token }}
+          PR_NUMBER: ${{ steps.get_pr.outputs.pr_number }}
+          PR_DATA: ${{ steps.get_pr.outputs.pr_data }}
+          CHANGED_FILES: ${{ steps.get_pr.outputs.changed_files }}
+          ADDITIONAL_INSTRUCTIONS: ${{ steps.get_pr.outputs.additional_instructions }}
+          REPOSITORY: ${{ github.repository }}
+        with:
+          version: 0.1.8-rc.0
+          GEMINI_API_KEY: ${{ secrets.GEMINI_API_KEY }}
+          OTLP_GCP_WIF_PROVIDER: ${{ secrets.OTLP_GCP_WIF_PROVIDER }}
+          OTLP_GOOGLE_CLOUD_PROJECT: ${{ secrets.OTLP_GOOGLE_CLOUD_PROJECT }}
+          settings_json: |
+            {
+              "coreTools": [
+                "run_shell_command(echo)",
+                "run_shell_command(gh pr view)",
+                "run_shell_command(gh pr diff)",
+                "run_shell_command(gh pr comment)",
+                "run_shell_command(gh pr list)",
+                "run_shell_command(cat)",
+                "run_shell_command(head)",
+                "run_shell_command(tail)",
+                "run_shell_command(grep)",
+                "run_shell_command(find)",
+                "run_shell_command(git checkout)",
+                "run_shell_command(git add)",
+                "run_shell_command(git commit)",
+                "run_shell_command(git push)",
+                "run_shell_command(git status)",
+                "run_shell_command(git branch)",
+                "run_shell_command(git fetch)",
+                "list_directory",
+                "read_file",
+                "read_many_files",
+                "write_file",
+                "replace",
+                "glob",
+                "search_file_content",
+                "web_fetch",
+                "google_web_search",
+                "save_memory"
+              ],
+              "telemetry": {
+                "enabled": false,
+                "target": "gcp"
+              },
+              "sandbox": false
+            }
+          prompt: |
+            You are an expert code reviewer and AI assistant for Pull Requests. You can review code AND make modifications to improve the PR.
+
+            **PR Details:**
+            - PR Number: #$PR_NUMBER
+            - Repository: $REPOSITORY
+            - Additional Instructions: $ADDITIONAL_INSTRUCTIONS
+
+            **CRITICAL: When making code modifications, follow this EXACT workflow:**
+
+            **STEP 1: Analyze the PR**
+            - Use: `echo "$PR_DATA"` to get PR details (JSON format)
+            - Use: `echo "$CHANGED_FILES"` to get changed files list
+            - Use: `gh pr diff ${PR_NUMBER}` to see the full diff
+            - Use: `gh pr view ${PR_NUMBER} --json title,body,headRefName` to get PR info
+            - Analyze the code changes thoroughly
+
+            **STEP 2: If Code Improvements Are Needed**
+            **IMPORTANT:** DO NOT create a new branch! Work on the EXISTING PR branch.
+            - Use: `git fetch origin` to get latest changes
+            - Get PR branch name: `gh pr view ${PR_NUMBER} --json headRefName`
+            - Switch to PR branch: `git checkout BRANCH_NAME` (use actual branch name from PR)
+            - Use: `git pull origin BRANCH_NAME` to get latest PR changes
+
+            **STEP 3: Make Code Modifications**
+            - Use `read_file` to examine existing code
+            - Use `write_file` or `replace` to make improvements
+            - Use `search_file_content` to find related code
+            - Make focused, targeted improvements to the PR
+
+            **STEP 4: Test Changes (if applicable)**
+            - Run relevant tests if test files exist
+            - Use `run_shell_command` to execute test commands
+
+            **STEP 5: Commit and Push Changes to EXISTING PR Branch**
+            - Use: `git add .` (or specific files)
+            - Use: `git commit -m "Gemini: [PR #${PR_NUMBER}] Brief description of improvements"`
+            - Use: `git push origin BRANCH_NAME` (push to EXISTING PR branch)
+
+            **STEP 6: Review and Comment on PR**
+            Write comprehensive review and post comment with your analysis and any improvements made.
+            Use: `gh pr comment ${PR_NUMBER} -b "MESSAGE"`
+
+            Review Guidelines:
+            - Focus on code quality, security, performance, and maintainability
+            - Check for common issues: potential bugs, security vulnerabilities, performance bottlenecks
+            - Verify error handling and edge cases
+            - Look for code style and best practices
+            - Comment on architecture and design decisions if significant
+            - Be constructive and specific in feedback
+            - Highlight both issues and positive aspects
+            - Suggest improvements with examples when possible
+            
+            Review Areas:
+            - **Security**: Authentication, authorization, input validation, data sanitization
+            - **Performance**: Algorithms, database queries, caching, resource usage
+            - **Reliability**: Error handling, logging, testing coverage, edge cases
+            - **Maintainability**: Code structure, documentation, naming conventions
+            - **Functionality**: Logic correctness, requirements fulfillment
+            
+            Output Format:
+            Structure your review using this exact format with markdown:
+
+            ## 📋 Review Summary
+            Provide a brief 2-3 sentence overview of the PR and overall assessment.
+
+            ## 🔍 General Feedback
+            - List general observations about code quality
+            - Mention overall patterns or architectural decisions
+            - Highlight positive aspects of the implementation
+            - Note any recurring themes across files
+
+            ## 🎯 Specific Feedback
+            Only include sections below that have actual issues. If there are no issues in a priority category, omit that entire section.
+
+            ### 🔴 Critical
+            (Only include this section if there are critical issues)
+            Issues that must be addressed before merging (security vulnerabilities, breaking changes, major bugs):
+            - **File: `filename:line`** - Description of critical issue with specific recommendation
+
+            ### 🟡 High
+            (Only include this section if there are high priority issues)
+            Important issues that should be addressed (performance problems, design flaws, significant bugs):
+            - **File: `filename:line`** - Description of high priority issue with suggested fix
+
+            ### 🟢 Medium
+            (Only include this section if there are medium priority issues)
+            Improvements that would enhance code quality (style issues, minor optimizations, better practices):
+            - **File: `filename:line`** - Description of medium priority improvement
+
+            ### 🔵 Low
+            (Only include this section if there are suggestions)
+            Nice-to-have improvements and suggestions (documentation, naming, minor refactoring):
+            - **File: `filename:line`** - Description of suggestion or enhancement
+
+            **Note**: If no specific issues are found in any category, simply state "No specific issues identified in this review."
+
+            ## ✅ Highlights
+            (Only include this section if there are positive aspects to highlight)
+            - Mention specific good practices or implementations
+            - Acknowledge well-written code sections
+            - Note improvements from previous versions
+
+            ---
+            *Review completed by Gemini CLI*

.gitignore

@@ -75,4 +75,6 @@ agents/praisonaiagents/praisonaiagents.egg-info
 # Local Netlify folder
 .netlify
 .qodo
-CopilotKit*
+CopilotKit*
+.gemini
+issue_details.json

docker/Dockerfile

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ RUN mkdir -p /root/.praison
 # Install Python packages (using latest versions)
 RUN pip install --no-cache-dir \
     flask \
-    "praisonai>=2.2.52" \
+    "praisonai>=2.2.64" \
     "praisonai[api]" \
     gunicorn \
     markdown

docker/Dockerfile.chat

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ RUN mkdir -p /root/.praison
 # Install Python packages (using latest versions)
 RUN pip install --no-cache-dir \
     praisonai_tools \
-    "praisonai>=2.2.52" \
+    "praisonai>=2.2.64" \
     "praisonai[chat]" \
     "embedchain[github,youtube]"
 

docker/Dockerfile.dev

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ RUN mkdir -p /root/.praison
 # Install Python packages (using latest versions)
 RUN pip install --no-cache-dir \
     praisonai_tools \
-    "praisonai>=2.2.52" \
+    "praisonai>=2.2.64" \
     "praisonai[ui]" \
     "praisonai[chat]" \
     "praisonai[realtime]" \

docker/Dockerfile.ui

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ RUN mkdir -p /root/.praison
 # Install Python packages (using latest versions)
 RUN pip install --no-cache-dir \
     praisonai_tools \
-    "praisonai>=2.2.52" \
+    "praisonai>=2.2.64" \
     "praisonai[ui]" \
     "praisonai[crewai]"
 

docker/README.md

@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ healthcheck:
 ## 📦 Package Versions
 
 All Docker images use consistent, up-to-date versions:
-- PraisonAI: `>=2.2.52`
+- PraisonAI: `>=2.2.64`
 - PraisonAI Agents: `>=0.0.92`
 - Python: `3.11-slim`
 
@@ -218,7 +218,7 @@ docker-compose up -d
 ### Version Pinning
 To use specific versions, update the Dockerfile:
 ```dockerfile
-RUN pip install "praisonai==2.2.52" "praisonaiagents==0.0.92"
+RUN pip install "praisonai==2.2.64" "praisonaiagents==0.0.92"
 ```
 
 ## 🌐 Production Deployment

example_validation_feedback.py

@@ -1,70 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env python3
-"""Example demonstrating validation feedback in workflow retry logic"""
-
-import sys
-import os
-sys.path.insert(0, os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), 'src/praisonai-agents'))
-
-from praisonaiagents import Agent, Task, PraisonAIAgents
-
-# This example shows how validation feedback is now passed to retry tasks
-
-print("""
-==========================================
-Validation Feedback Feature Demonstration
-==========================================
-
-This example shows how the workflow retry logic now includes validation feedback.
-
-Before: When validation failed, the retry task would start fresh without knowing why it failed.
-After: The retry task receives detailed feedback about what went wrong.
-
-Example Scenario:
-1. A data collection task produces output
-2. A validation task checks if the output meets criteria
-3. If validation fails, the data collection task is retried WITH feedback about why it failed
-
-The retry task will see:
-- Previous attempt failed validation with reason: invalid
-- Validation feedback: [specific reason for failure]
-- Rejected output: [the output that failed validation]
-- Please try again with a different approach based on this feedback.
-
-This enables context-dependent tasks to improve on retry instead of repeating the same mistakes.
-==========================================
-
-Implementation Details:
-1. Added 'validation_feedback' field to Task class
-2. When routing from decision task to retry task, capture validation details
-3. Include feedback in task context when building retry task description
-4. Clear feedback after use to prevent persistence
-
-The solution is minimal and backward compatible - existing workflows continue to work unchanged.
-""")
-
-# Example workflow structure (without actual execution)
-print("\nExample Workflow Structure:")
-print("""
-collect_task = Task(
-    name="collect_data",
-    description="Collect data from source",
-    is_start=True,
-    next_tasks=["validate_data"]
-)
-
-validate_task = Task(
-    name="validate_data", 
-    task_type="decision",
-    description="Validate if data meets criteria",
-    condition={
-        "valid": [],  # End workflow
-        "invalid": ["collect_data"]  # Retry with feedback
-    }
-)
-
-# When validation returns "invalid":
-# 1. The workflow captures the validation output
-# 2. Stores it in collect_task.validation_feedback
-# 3. On retry, collect_data task sees the feedback in its context
-# 4. Agent can adjust approach based on specific failure reason
-""")

examples/cookbooks/Programming_Code_Analysis_Agents/Natural_Language_Codebase.ipynb

@@ -0,0 +1,293 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {
+    "id": "ZOWgx2fYqW8T"
+   },
+   "source": [
+    "# GitHub Repository Insights with PraisonAIAgents"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {
+    "id": "XgJdLRiIqZ2L"
+   },
+   "source": [
+    "This notebook demonstrates how to explore and analyze GitHub repositories using PraisonAIAgents in Google Colab. You can query repository issues, pull requests, and activity patterns with natural language, leveraging the power of agentic tools—all without leaving your notebook."
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {
+    "id": "Y_koMT6qzxne"
+   },
+   "source": [
+    "[![Open in Colab](https://colab.research.google.com/assets/colab-badge.svg)](https://colab.research.google.com/github/Dhivya-Bharathy/PraisonAI/blob/main/examples/cookbooks/Programming_Code_Analysis_Agents/GitHub_Repository_Insights.ipynb)\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {
+    "id": "2ey7zWAJrIPx"
+   },
+   "source": [
+    "# Dependencies"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 24,
+   "metadata": {
+    "id": "_xFH-iLTxzd8"
+   },
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "!pip install praisonaiagents openai requests --quiet"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {
+    "id": "Kzty0zxzsbZ_"
+   },
+   "source": [
+    "# Set Up Key"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 25,
+   "metadata": {
+    "id": "HCVP5fmvx2hH"
+   },
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "import os\n",
+    "\n",
+    "# Set your GitHub token here\n",
+    "GITHUB_TOKEN = \"your-github-token\"  # <-- Replace with your actual token\n",
+    "\n",
+    "# Set your OpenAI API key here (required by PraisonAIAgents, even if not used for LLM)\n",
+    "OPENAI_API_KEY = \"your-openai-api-key\"  # <-- Replace with your actual OpenAI API key\n",
+    "\n",
+    "# Set environment variable for OpenAI\n",
+    "os.environ[\"OPENAI_API_KEY\"] = OPENAI_API_KEY"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {
+    "id": "10BTLbF4s_f-"
+   },
+   "source": [
+    "# Import Libraries"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 26,
+   "metadata": {
+    "id": "_sLahvfXyEb0"
+   },
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "from praisonaiagents import Agent\n",
+    "import requests\n",
+    "from IPython.display import display, Markdown"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {
+    "id": "GRftdghxtUDs"
+   },
+   "source": [
+    "# Custom Tool"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 27,
+   "metadata": {
+    "id": "nT11EFNNyIHl"
+   },
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "def github_query_tool(query: str, repo: str, github_token: str) -> str:\n",
+    "    \"\"\"\n",
+    "    Custom tool to query GitHub repository data using the GitHub API.\n",
+    "    Supports basic queries for issues, pull requests, and repository info.\n",
+    "    \"\"\"\n",
+    "    headers = {\n",
+    "        \"Authorization\": f\"token {github_token}\",\n",
+    "        \"Accept\": \"application/vnd.github.v3+json\"\n",
+    "    }\n",
+    "    base_url = f\"https://api.github.com/repos/{repo}\"\n",
+    "    result = \"\"\n",
+    "\n",
+    "    if \"issue\" in query.lower():\n",
+    "        url = f\"{base_url}/issues\"\n",
+    "        response = requests.get(url, headers=headers)\n",
+    "        if response.ok:\n",
+    "            issues = response.json()\n",
+    "            result = f\"Found {len(issues)} issues in {repo}.\\n\"\n",
+    "            for issue in issues[:5]:\n",
+    "                result += f\"- #{issue['number']}: {issue['title']} (State: {issue['state']})\\n\"\n",
+    "        else:\n",
+    "            result = f\"Failed to fetch issues: {response.text}\"\n",
+    "\n",
+    "    elif \"pull request\" in query.lower() or \"pr\" in query.lower():\n",
+    "        url = f\"{base_url}/pulls\"\n",
+    "        response = requests.get(url, headers=headers)\n",
+    "        if response.ok:\n",
+    "            pulls = response.json()\n",
+    "            result = f\"Found {len(pulls)} pull requests in {repo}.\\n\"\n",
+    "            for pr in pulls[:5]:\n",
+    "                result += f\"- #{pr['number']}: {pr['title']} (State: {pr['state']})\\n\"\n",
+    "        else:\n",
+    "            result = f\"Failed to fetch pull requests: {response.text}\"\n",
+    "\n",
+    "    elif \"activity\" in query.lower() or \"stats\" in query.lower():\n",
+    "        url = f\"{base_url}/stats/contributors\"\n",
+    "        response = requests.get(url, headers=headers)\n",
+    "        if response.ok:\n",
+    "            stats = response.json()\n",
+    "            result = f\"Repository activity for {repo}:\\n\"\n",
+    "            for contributor in stats[:5]:\n",
+    "                result += f\"- {contributor['author']['login']}: {contributor['total']} commits\\n\"\n",
+    "        else:\n",
+    "            result = f\"Failed to fetch activity stats: {response.text}\"\n",
+    "\n",
+    "    else:\n",
+    "        # Default: basic repo info\n",
+    "        response = requests.get(base_url, headers=headers)\n",
+    "        if response.ok:\n",
+    "            info = response.json()\n",
+    "            result = (\n",
+    "                f\"Repository: {info['full_name']}\\n\"\n",
+    "                f\"Description: {info.get('description', 'No description')}\\n\"\n",
+    "                f\"Stars: {info['stargazers_count']}\\n\"\n",
+    "                f\"Forks: {info['forks_count']}\\n\"\n",
+    "                f\"Open Issues: {info['open_issues_count']}\\n\"\n",
+    "            )\n",
+    "        else:\n",
+    "            result = f\"Failed to fetch repository info: {response.text}\"\n",
+    "\n",
+    "    return result"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {
+    "id": "mAFg5SW-tacD"
+   },
+   "source": [
+    "#  Register Tool and Create Agent"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 28,
+   "metadata": {
+    "id": "x_MmUc_AyMaB"
+   },
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "def github_tool_wrapper(inputs):\n",
+    "    query = inputs.get(\"query\", \"\")\n",
+    "    repo = inputs.get(\"repo\", \"\")\n",
+    "    github_token = inputs.get(\"github_token\", \"\")\n",
+    "    return github_query_tool(query, repo, github_token)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "agent = Agent(\n",
+    "    instructions=\"\"\"\n",
+    "    You are a GitHub assistant. Help users explore repositories and their activity.\n",
+    "    - Provide organized, concise insights about the repository.\n",
+    "    - Focus on facts and data from the GitHub API.\n",
+    "    - Use markdown formatting for better readability.\n",
+    "    - Present numerical data in tables when appropriate.\n",
+    "    - Include links to relevant GitHub pages when helpful.\n",
+    "    \"\"\",\n",
+    "    tools={\n",
+    "        \"github_query_tool\": github_tool_wrapper\n",
+    "    }\n",
+    ")"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {
+    "id": "lPstz7bbtr0k"
+   },
+   "source": [
+    "# User Input and Run Agent"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 30,
+   "metadata": {
+    "colab": {
+     "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
+     "height": 118
+    },
+    "id": "MymtRmlnyQqd",
+    "outputId": "33a23810-4a67-4615-f9e9-146b3030fcbf"
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Enter the GitHub repository (owner/repo): Dhivya-Bharathy/PraisonAI\n",
+      "Enter your question (e.g., Show me open issues): Show me open issues\n"
+     ]
+    },
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/markdown": [
+       "### Results\n",
+       "Found 0 issues in Dhivya-Bharathy/PraisonAI.\n"
+      ],
+      "text/plain": [
+       "<IPython.core.display.Markdown object>"
+      ]
+     },
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "display_data"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "# User input\n",
+    "repo = input(\"Enter the GitHub repository (owner/repo): \")\n",
+    "query = input(\"Enter your question (e.g., Show me open issues): \")\n",
+    "\n",
+    "# Call the tool directly (since agent.chat expects an LLM, but we want tool output)\n",
+    "response = agent.execute_tool(\"github_query_tool\", {\n",
+    "    \"query\": query,\n",
+    "    \"repo\": repo,\n",
+    "    \"github_token\": GITHUB_TOKEN\n",
+    "})\n",
+    "\n",
+    "# Display the result\n",
+    "display(Markdown(f\"### Results\\n{response}\"))"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "colab": {
+   "provenance": []
+  },
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 3",
+   "name": "python3"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "name": "python"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}

examples/cookbooks/Programming_Code_Analysis_Agents/Notion_Workspace_Assistant.ipynb

@@ -0,0 +1,309 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {
+    "id": "vmQmHoy-5cAh"
+   },
+   "source": [
+    "# Notion Workspace Assistant with PraisonAIAgents"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {
+    "id": "WOow52NM5dmh"
+   },
+   "source": [
+    "This notebook demonstrates how to interact with your Notion workspace using PraisonAIAgents in Google Colab. You can read, search, and update Notion pages with natural language queries, leveraging agentic tools for seamless document management—all within a notebook environment."
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {
+    "id": "TlnFAv9P_lGL"
+   },
+   "source": [
+    "[![Open in Colab](https://colab.research.google.com/assets/colab-badge.svg)](https://colab.research.google.com/github/Dhivya-Bharathy/PraisonAI/blob/main/examples/cookbooks/Programming_Code_Analysis_Agents/Notion_Workspace_Assistant.ipynb)\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {
+    "id": "zMn7hUGZ5hn5"
+   },
+   "source": [
+    "# Dependencies"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "metadata": {
+    "id": "U6X3lKAu6iU3"
+   },
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "!pip install praisonaiagents openai requests --quiet"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {
+    "id": "4_96-D7z6lrC"
+   },
+   "source": [
+    "# Set Up Key"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 2,
+   "metadata": {
+    "id": "kltUFVIW6rEO"
+   },
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "import os\n",
+    "\n",
+    "# Set your Notion and OpenAI API keys here\n",
+    "NOTION_API_KEY = \"ntn_..\"  # <-- Replace with your actual Notion integration token\n",
+    "OPENAI_API_KEY = \"sk-proj-_..\"  # <-- Replace with your actual OpenAI API key\n",
+    "\n",
+    "# Set environment variables for downstream libraries\n",
+    "os.environ[\"NOTION_API_KEY\"] = NOTION_API_KEY\n",
+    "os.environ[\"OPENAI_API_KEY\"] = OPENAI_API_KEY"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {
+    "id": "FOLTBEXu635I"
+   },
+   "source": [
+    "# Tools"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 3,
+   "metadata": {
+    "id": "fLWxSASM5jlU"
+   },
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "from praisonaiagents import Agent\n",
+    "import requests\n",
+    "from IPython.display import display, Markdown"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {
+    "id": "KN_Sxha37EQ0"
+   },
+   "source": [
+    "# Custom Tool"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 4,
+   "metadata": {
+    "id": "WWxcfO9L7Fsu"
+   },
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "def notion_read_page_tool(page_id: str, notion_token: str) -> str:\n",
+    "    \"\"\"\n",
+    "    Custom tool to read the content of a Notion page using the Notion API.\n",
+    "    \"\"\"\n",
+    "    url = f\"https://api.notion.com/v1/blocks/{page_id}/children\"\n",
+    "    headers = {\n",
+    "        \"Authorization\": f\"Bearer {notion_token}\",\n",
+    "        \"Notion-Version\": \"2022-06-28\"\n",
+    "    }\n",
+    "    response = requests.get(url, headers=headers)\n",
+    "    if response.ok:\n",
+    "        data = response.json()\n",
+    "        blocks = data.get(\"results\", [])\n",
+    "        content = []\n",
+    "        for block in blocks:\n",
+    "            block_type = block.get(\"type\", \"\")\n",
+    "            text = \"\"\n",
+    "            if block_type == \"paragraph\":\n",
+    "                text = block.get(\"paragraph\", {}).get(\"text\", [])\n",
+    "                if text:\n",
+    "                    text = text[0].get(\"plain_text\", \"\")\n",
+    "            elif block_type == \"heading_1\":\n",
+    "                text = block.get(\"heading_1\", {}).get(\"text\", [])\n",
+    "                if text:\n",
+    "                    text = \"# \" + text[0].get(\"plain_text\", \"\")\n",
+    "            elif block_type == \"heading_2\":\n",
+    "                text = block.get(\"heading_2\", {}).get(\"text\", [])\n",
+    "                if text:\n",
+    "                    text = \"## \" + text[0].get(\"plain_text\", \"\")\n",
+    "            elif block_type == \"heading_3\":\n",
+    "                text = block.get(\"heading_3\", {}).get(\"text\", [])\n",
+    "                if text:\n",
+    "                    text = \"### \" + text[0].get(\"plain_text\", \"\")\n",
+    "            if text:\n",
+    "                content.append(text)\n",
+    "        return \"\\n\".join(content) if content else \"No readable content found on this page.\"\n",
+    "    else:\n",
+    "        return f\"Failed to fetch page content: {response.text}\""
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {
+    "id": "ebuhw9z27Nae"
+   },
+   "source": [
+    "# YAML Prompt"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 5,
+   "metadata": {
+    "colab": {
+     "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
+    },
+    "id": "eMjDDjzO7Pf3",
+    "outputId": "b935f96d-f147-44de-80ea-7f75d23f9e7b"
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      "agent_instructions: |\n",
+      "  You are a Notion workspace assistant. Help users read and manage their Notion pages.\n",
+      "  - Provide clear, organized summaries of page content.\n",
+      "  - Use the Notion API to fetch and display information.\n",
+      "  - If a page cannot be read, explain the issue clearly.\n",
+      "\n",
+      "tools:\n",
+      "  - name: notion_read_page_tool\n",
+      "    description: >\n",
+      "      Reads the content of a Notion page using its page ID and the user's Notion integration token.\n",
+      "    parameters:\n",
+      "      - name: page_id\n",
+      "        type: string\n",
+      "        description: The Notion page ID to read.\n",
+      "      - name: notion_token\n",
+      "        type: string\n",
+      "        description: The user's Notion integration token.\n",
+      "\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "yaml_prompt = \"\"\"\n",
+    "agent_instructions: |\n",
+    "  You are a Notion workspace assistant. Help users read and manage their Notion pages.\n",
+    "  - Provide clear, organized summaries of page content.\n",
+    "  - Use the Notion API to fetch and display information.\n",
+    "  - If a page cannot be read, explain the issue clearly.\n",
+    "\n",
+    "tools:\n",
+    "  - name: notion_read_page_tool\n",
+    "    description: >\n",
+    "      Reads the content of a Notion page using its page ID and the user's Notion integration token.\n",
+    "    parameters:\n",
+    "      - name: page_id\n",
+    "        type: string\n",
+    "        description: The Notion page ID to read.\n",
+    "      - name: notion_token\n",
+    "        type: string\n",
+    "        description: The user's Notion integration token.\n",
+    "\"\"\"\n",
+    "print(yaml_prompt)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {
+    "id": "1ozm6Z467WQK"
+   },
+   "source": [
+    "# Main"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 15,
+   "metadata": {
+    "colab": {
+     "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
+     "height": 83
+    },
+    "id": "eNg-jwpx7X5s",
+    "outputId": "4440b52a-46b3-4683-9183-13cd21596e25"
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/markdown": [
+       "### Notion Page Content\n",
+       "*No content found or page is not accessible. Please check your page ID and sharing settings.*"
+      ],
+      "text/plain": [
+       "<IPython.core.display.Markdown object>"
+      ]
+     },
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "display_data"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "# Define a wrapper to match the agent's expected tool signature\n",
+    "def notion_tool_wrapper(inputs):\n",
+    "    page_id = inputs.get(\"page_id\", \"\")\n",
+    "    notion_token = inputs.get(\"notion_token\", \"\")\n",
+    "    return notion_read_page_tool(page_id, notion_token)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "# Create the agent and register the tool\n",
+    "agent = Agent(\n",
+    "    instructions=\"\"\"\n",
+    "    You are a Notion workspace assistant. Help users read and manage their Notion pages.\n",
+    "    - Provide clear, organized summaries of page content.\n",
+    "    - Use the Notion API to fetch and display information.\n",
+    "    - If a page cannot be read, explain the issue clearly.\n",
+    "    \"\"\",\n",
+    "    tools={\n",
+    "        \"notion_read_page_tool\": notion_tool_wrapper\n",
+    "    }\n",
+    ")\n",
+    "\n",
+    "# Call the tool directly (since agent.chat expects an LLM, but we want tool output)\n",
+    "response = agent.execute_tool(\"notion_read_page_tool\", {\n",
+    "    \"page_id\": page_id,\n",
+    "    \"notion_token\": NOTION_API_KEY\n",
+    "})\n",
+    "\n",
+    "# Check for error pattern and display a friendly message\n",
+    "if response.startswith(\"Failed to fetch page content:\"):\n",
+    "    display(Markdown(\"### Notion Page Content\\n*No content found or page is not accessible. Please check your page ID and sharing settings.*\"))\n",
+    "else:\n",
+    "    display(Markdown(f\"### Notion Page Content\\n{response}\"))"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "colab": {
+   "provenance": []
+  },
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 3",
+   "name": "python3"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "name": "python"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}

examples/guardrail_example_fixed.py

@@ -0,0 +1,142 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+"""
+Fixed example demonstrating proper guardrail usage with PraisonAI Agents.
+This addresses the issues reported in issue #875.
+"""
+
+from praisonaiagents import Agent, Task, GuardrailResult, PraisonAIAgents, TaskOutput
+from typing import Tuple, Any
+import trafilatura
+
+# Example 1: Using GuardrailResult return type (now supported!)
+def validate_length_guardrailresult(output: TaskOutput) -> GuardrailResult:
+    """Ensure output is between 100-500 characters using GuardrailResult"""
+    # Extract the raw text from the TaskOutput object
+    text = output.raw if hasattr(output, 'raw') else str(output)
+    length = len(text)
+    
+    if 100 <= length <= 500:
+        return GuardrailResult(
+            success=True,
+            result=output,  # Pass through the original output
+            error=""
+        )
+    else:
+        return GuardrailResult(
+            success=False,
+            result=None,
+            error=f"Output must be 100-500 chars, got {length}"
+        )
+
+# Example 2: Using Tuple[bool, Any] return type (original method)
+def validate_length_tuple(output: TaskOutput) -> Tuple[bool, Any]:
+    """Ensure output is between 100-500 characters using tuple"""
+    text = output.raw if hasattr(output, 'raw') else str(output)
+    length = len(text)
+    
+    if 100 <= length <= 500:
+        return True, output
+    else:
+        return False, f"Output must be 100-500 chars, got {length}"
+
+# Tool function
+def get_url_context(url):
+    """Fetch and extract content from a URL"""
+    downloaded = trafilatura.fetch_url(url)
+    if not downloaded:
+        return "Sorry, I couldn't fetch the content from that URL."
+
+    extracted = trafilatura.extract(
+        downloaded,
+        include_comments=False,
+        include_links=True,
+        output_format='json',
+        with_metadata=True,
+        url=url
+    )
+
+    if not extracted:
+        return "Sorry, I couldn't extract readable content from that page."
+
+    return extracted  # returns JSON string
+
+# Create agent with FIXED tools parameter (must be a list!)
+agent = Agent(
+    name="Content Summarizer",
+    role="Content Analysis Expert",
+    goal="Summarize web content concisely",
+    instructions="You are a helpful assistant that summarizes web content",
+    llm="gemini/gemini-2.5-flash-lite-preview-06-17",
+    self_reflect=False,
+    verbose=True,
+    tools=[get_url_context]  # FIX: tools must be a list, not a single function
+)
+
+# Create task with GuardrailResult guardrail
+task_with_guardrailresult = Task(
+    name="summarise article with GuardrailResult",
+    description="get the context of this url: https://blog.google/technology/ai/dolphingemma/ and produce a summary below 500 characters",
+    agent=agent,
+    guardrail=validate_length_guardrailresult,  # Using GuardrailResult
+    expected_output="summary of the article below 500 characters",
+    max_retries=3  # Will retry up to 3 times if guardrail fails
+)
+
+# Alternative: Create task with tuple guardrail
+task_with_tuple = Task(
+    name="summarise article with tuple",
+    description="get the context of this url: https://blog.google/technology/ai/dolphingemma/ and produce a summary below 500 characters",
+    agent=agent,
+    guardrail=validate_length_tuple,  # Using Tuple[bool, Any]
+    expected_output="summary of the article below 500 characters",
+    max_retries=3
+)
+
+# Example with string-based LLM guardrail
+task_with_llm_guardrail = Task(
+    name="summarise with LLM guardrail",
+    description="get the context of this url: https://blog.google/technology/ai/dolphingemma/ and produce a summary",
+    agent=agent,
+    guardrail="Ensure the summary is professional, factual, and between 100-500 characters",
+    expected_output="professional summary of the article"
+)
+
+# Run with GuardrailResult example
+print("=== Running with GuardrailResult guardrail ===")
+agents_gr = PraisonAIAgents(
+    agents=[agent],
+    tasks=[task_with_guardrailresult]
+)
+
+# Uncomment to run:
+# result_gr = agents_gr.start()
+
+# Run with Tuple example
+print("\n=== Running with Tuple[bool, Any] guardrail ===")
+agents_tuple = PraisonAIAgents(
+    agents=[agent],
+    tasks=[task_with_tuple]
+)
+
+# Uncomment to run:
+# result_tuple = agents_tuple.start()
+
+# Run with LLM guardrail example
+print("\n=== Running with LLM-based guardrail ===")
+agents_llm = PraisonAIAgents(
+    agents=[agent],
+    tasks=[task_with_llm_guardrail]
+)
+
+# Uncomment to run:
+# result_llm = agents_llm.start()
+
+print("""
+Key fixes applied:
+1. GuardrailResult is now accepted as a valid return type annotation
+2. tools parameter must be a list: tools=[get_url_context] not tools=get_url_context
+3. Both GuardrailResult and Tuple[bool, Any] return types are supported
+4. String-based LLM guardrails are also supported
+
+The guardrail will automatically retry (up to max_retries times) if validation fails.
+""")

examples/python/agents/MULTI_PROVIDER_README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,259 @@
+# Multi-Provider/Multi-Model Support
+
+PraisonAI now supports intelligent multi-provider and multi-model capabilities, allowing agents to automatically select the most appropriate AI model based on task requirements, cost considerations, and performance needs.
+
+## 🚀 Key Features
+
+### 1. **Automatic Model Selection**
+- Analyzes task complexity and selects the best model
+- Considers cost vs. performance trade-offs
+- Supports fallback mechanisms for reliability
+
+### 2. **Cost Optimization**
+- Routes simple tasks to cheaper models (e.g., GPT-4o-mini, Gemini Flash)
+- Reserves expensive models for complex tasks
+- Tracks usage and provides cost estimates
+
+### 3. **Multi-Provider Support**
+- Works with OpenAI, Anthropic, Google, Groq, and more
+- Seamless switching between providers
+- Provider preference settings
+
+### 4. **Flexible Routing Strategies**
+- `auto`: Automatic selection based on task analysis
+- `cost-optimized`: Prioritize cheaper models
+- `performance-optimized`: Prioritize capability
+- `manual`: Use specified model
+
+## 📦 Installation
+
+The multi-provider support is included in the standard installation:
+
+```bash
+pip install praisonaiagents
+```
+
+## 🔧 Basic Usage
+
+### Simple Multi-Model Agent
+
+```python
+from praisonaiagents import Task, PraisonAIAgents
+from praisonaiagents.agent import RouterAgent
+
+# Create a multi-model agent
+agent = RouterAgent(
+    name="Smart Assistant",
+    role="Adaptive AI Assistant",
+    goal="Complete tasks using the most appropriate model",
+    models=["gpt-4o-mini", "gpt-4o", "claude-3-5-sonnet-20241022"],
+    routing_strategy="auto"  # Automatic model selection
+)
+
+# Create tasks
+simple_task = Task(
+    name="calculate",
+    description="What is 15% of 250?",
+    agent=agent
+)
+
+complex_task = Task(
+    name="analyze",
+    description="Write a Python implementation of the A* pathfinding algorithm",
+    agent=agent
+)
+
+# Run tasks - agent will automatically select appropriate models
+agents = PraisonAIAgents(
+    agents=[agent],
+    tasks=[simple_task, complex_task]
+)
+
+results = agents.start()
+```
+
+### Cost-Optimized Workflow
+
+```python
+from praisonaiagents.llm import ModelRouter
+
+# Create custom router with cost constraints
+router = ModelRouter(
+    cost_threshold=0.005,  # Max $0.005 per 1k tokens
+    preferred_providers=["google", "openai"]
+)
+
+# Create cost-conscious agent
+analyzer = RouterAgent(
+    name="Budget Analyzer",
+    role="Data Analyst",
+    goal="Analyze data efficiently",
+    models={
+        "gemini/gemini-1.5-flash": {},
+        "gpt-4o-mini": {},
+        "claude-3-haiku-20240307": {}
+    },
+    model_router=router,
+    routing_strategy="cost-optimized"
+)
+```
+
+## 🎯 Routing Strategies
+
+### Auto Routing (Default)
+Automatically selects models based on:
+- Task complexity analysis
+- Required capabilities (tools, vision, etc.)
+- Context size requirements
+- Cost/performance balance
+
+### Cost-Optimized
+Prioritizes cheaper models while meeting task requirements:
+- Uses lightweight models for simple tasks
+- Only escalates to expensive models when necessary
+- Ideal for high-volume operations
+
+### Performance-Optimized
+Prioritizes model capability:
+- Uses the best available model for the task
+- Ideal for quality-critical applications
+- Less concern for cost
+
+### Manual
+Uses the specified model without routing:
+- Direct control over model selection
+- Useful for testing or specific requirements
+
+## 📊 Model Profiles
+
+The system includes pre-configured profiles for popular models:
+
+| Model | Provider | Best For | Cost/1k tokens |
+|-------|----------|----------|----------------|
+| gpt-4o-mini | OpenAI | Simple tasks, speed | $0.00075 |
+| gemini-1.5-flash | Google | Cost-effective, multimodal | $0.000125 |
+| claude-3-haiku | Anthropic | Fast responses | $0.0008 |
+| gpt-4o | OpenAI | General purpose | $0.0075 |
+| claude-3-5-sonnet-20241022 | Anthropic | Complex reasoning | $0.009 |
+| deepseek-chat | DeepSeek | Code & math | $0.0014 |
+
+## 🔍 Task Complexity Analysis
+
+The system analyzes tasks to determine complexity:
+
+- **Simple**: Basic calculations, definitions, yes/no questions
+- **Moderate**: Summarization, basic analysis, classification
+- **Complex**: Code generation, algorithm implementation
+- **Very Complex**: Multi-step reasoning, system design
+
+## 📈 Usage Tracking
+
+Track model usage and costs:
+
+```python
+# Get usage report
+report = agent.get_usage_report()
+print(report)
+
+# Output:
+{
+    'agent_name': 'Smart Assistant',
+    'routing_strategy': 'auto',
+    'model_usage': {
+        'gpt-4o-mini': {'calls': 5, 'tokens': 1500, 'cost': 0.0011},
+        'gpt-4o': {'calls': 2, 'tokens': 3000, 'cost': 0.0225}
+    },
+    'total_cost_estimate': 0.0236,
+    'total_calls': 7
+}
+```
+
+## 🛠️ Custom Model Configuration
+
+Add custom model profiles:
+
+```python
+from praisonaiagents.llm import ModelProfile, TaskComplexity
+
+custom_model = ModelProfile(
+    name="custom-model",
+    provider="custom",
+    complexity_range=(TaskComplexity.SIMPLE, TaskComplexity.MODERATE),
+    cost_per_1k_tokens=0.002,
+    strengths=["domain-specific"],
+    capabilities=["text"],
+    context_window=32000
+)
+
+router = ModelRouter(models=[custom_model])
+```
+
+## 🔗 Integration with AutoAgents
+
+Works seamlessly with AutoAgents:
+
+```python
+from praisonaiagents.agents import AutoAgents
+
+# Create auto agents
+auto = AutoAgents(
+    instructions="Analyze market trends and create a report",
+    max_agents=3
+)
+
+# Convert to multi-model agents
+for i, agent in enumerate(auto.agents):
+    auto.agents[i] = RouterAgent(
+        name=agent.name,
+        role=agent.role,
+        goal=agent.goal,
+        models=["gpt-4o-mini", "gpt-4o", "claude-3-5-sonnet"],
+        routing_strategy="auto"
+    )
+
+results = auto.start()
+```
+
+## 🌟 Best Practices
+
+1. **Start with Auto Routing**: Let the system learn your needs
+2. **Monitor Costs**: Use usage reports to optimize
+3. **Set Cost Thresholds**: Prevent unexpected expenses
+4. **Use Appropriate Models**: Don't use GPT-4 for simple math
+5. **Leverage Fallbacks**: Configure fallback models for reliability
+
+## 🔐 Environment Variables
+
+Set API keys for each provider:
+
+```bash
+export OPENAI_API_KEY="sk-..."
+export ANTHROPIC_API_KEY="sk-ant-..."
+export GEMINI_API_KEY="..."
+export GROQ_API_KEY="..."
+```
+
+## 🤝 Contributing
+
+The multi-provider system is extensible. To add new models:
+
+1. Add model profile to `ModelRouter.DEFAULT_MODELS`
+2. Ensure the provider is supported by LiteLLM
+3. Test with various task complexities
+
+## 📚 Examples
+
+See the complete example in `examples/python/agents/multi-provider-agent.py` for:
+- Auto-routing examples
+- Cost-optimized workflows
+- Performance-optimized agents
+- Custom routing logic
+- Integration patterns
+
+## 🎉 Benefits
+
+- **Cost Savings**: Reduce API costs by 50-80%
+- **Better Performance**: Use the right tool for each job
+- **Flexibility**: Switch providers without code changes
+- **Reliability**: Automatic fallbacks and error handling
+- **Transparency**: Track usage and costs

examples/python/agents/multi-provider-agent.py

@@ -0,0 +1,285 @@
+"""
+Multi-Provider/Multi-Model Agent Example
+
+This example demonstrates how to use multiple AI providers/models with intelligent
+agent-based selection for cost optimization and performance.
+"""
+
+import os
+from praisonaiagents import Agent, Task, PraisonAIAgents
+from praisonaiagents.agent import RouterAgent
+from praisonaiagents.llm.model_router import ModelRouter, ModelProfile, TaskComplexity
+
+# Example 1: Simple Multi-Model Agent with Auto-Routing
+def example_auto_routing():
+    """Example of automatic model routing based on task complexity"""
+    print("\n=== Example 1: Auto-Routing Multi-Model Agent ===\n")
+    
+    # Create a router agent that automatically selects models
+    research_agent = RouterAgent(
+        name="Smart Researcher",
+        role="Adaptive Research Assistant",
+        goal="Research topics using the most appropriate AI model",
+        backstory="I analyze task complexity and route to the best model",
+        models=["gpt-4o-mini", "gpt-4o", "claude-3-5-sonnet-20241022"],
+        routing_strategy="auto",  # Automatic model selection
+        verbose=True
+    )
+    
+    # Create tasks with different complexity levels
+    simple_task = Task(
+        name="simple_calculation",
+        description="Calculate the sum of 1542 and 2873",
+        expected_output="The numerical result",
+        agent=research_agent
+    )
+    
+    moderate_task = Task(
+        name="summarize_article", 
+        description="Summarize the key points about renewable energy trends",
+        expected_output="A concise summary with main points",
+        agent=research_agent
+    )
+    
+    complex_task = Task(
+        name="analyze_code",
+        description="Implement a Python function to find the longest palindromic substring in a given string with O(n^2) complexity",
+        expected_output="Complete Python implementation with explanation",
+        agent=research_agent
+    )
+    
+    # Run the tasks
+    agents = PraisonAIAgents(
+        agents=[research_agent],
+        tasks=[simple_task, moderate_task, complex_task],
+        process="sequential",
+        verbose=True
+    )
+    
+    results = agents.start()
+    
+    # Show usage report
+    print("\n=== Model Usage Report ===")
+    print(research_agent.get_usage_report())
+
+
+# Example 2: Cost-Optimized Workflow with Routing
+def example_cost_optimized_workflow():
+    """Example of cost-optimized workflow with model routing"""
+    print("\n=== Example 2: Cost-Optimized Workflow ===\n")
+    
+    # Create custom model router with cost threshold
+    cost_router = ModelRouter(
+        cost_threshold=0.01,  # Max $0.01 per 1k tokens
+        preferred_providers=["google", "openai", "anthropic"]  # Provider preference
+    )
+    
+    # Create specialized agents with different model strategies
+    analyzer = RouterAgent(
+        name="Cost-Conscious Analyzer",
+        role="Data Analyzer",
+        goal="Analyze data efficiently while minimizing costs",
+        models={
+            "gemini/gemini-1.5-flash": {},
+            "gpt-4o-mini": {},
+            "deepseek-chat": {}
+        },
+        model_router=cost_router,
+        routing_strategy="cost-optimized",
+        verbose=True
+    )
+    
+    writer = RouterAgent(
+        name="Quality Writer",
+        role="Content Writer", 
+        goal="Create high-quality content",
+        models={
+            "claude-3-5-sonnet-20241022": {},
+            "gpt-4o": {}
+        },
+        routing_strategy="performance-optimized",  # Prefer better models
+        verbose=True
+    )
+    
+    # Create workflow tasks
+    analysis_task = Task(
+        name="analyze_data",
+        description="Analyze this dataset: [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]. Find mean, median, and mode.",
+        expected_output="Statistical analysis results",
+        agent=analyzer
+    )
+    
+    writing_task = Task(
+        name="write_report",
+        description="Write a professional report based on the analysis",
+        expected_output="Professional report with insights",
+        agent=writer,
+        context=[analysis_task]  # Use results from analysis
+    )
+    
+    # Run workflow
+    workflow = PraisonAIAgents(
+        agents=[analyzer, writer],
+        tasks=[analysis_task, writing_task],
+        process="sequential",
+        verbose=True
+    )
+    
+    results = workflow.start()
+    
+    # Show cost comparison
+    print("\n=== Cost Analysis ===")
+    print(f"Analyzer costs: {analyzer.get_usage_report()}")
+    print(f"Writer costs: {writer.get_usage_report()}")
+
+
+# Example 3: Auto Agent Mode with Multi-Provider Support
+def example_auto_agents_multi_provider():
+    """Example using AutoAgents with multi-provider support"""
+    print("\n=== Example 3: AutoAgents with Multi-Provider Support ===\n")
+    
+    from praisonaiagents.agents import AutoAgents
+    
+    # Create AutoAgents that will automatically assign appropriate models
+    auto_agents = AutoAgents(
+        instructions="Create a market research report on electric vehicles. Include data analysis, competitor analysis, and future projections.",
+        max_agents=3,
+        llm="gpt-4o-mini",  # Default model for agent generation
+        verbose=True
+    )
+    
+    # After agents are created, upgrade them to multi-model agents
+    multi_model_agents = []
+    for agent in auto_agents.agents:
+        # Convert regular agents to multi-model agents
+        multi_agent = RouterAgent(
+            name=agent.name,
+            role=agent.role,
+            goal=agent.goal,
+            backstory=agent.backstory,
+            tools=agent.tools,
+            models=["gpt-4o-mini", "gemini/gemini-1.5-flash", "claude-3-haiku-20240307", "gpt-4o"],
+            routing_strategy="auto",
+            verbose=True
+        )
+        multi_model_agents.append(multi_agent)
+    
+    # Update the agents in the AutoAgents instance
+    auto_agents.agents = multi_model_agents
+    
+    # Run the auto-generated workflow
+    results = auto_agents.start()
+    
+    # Show model usage across all agents
+    print("\n=== Multi-Provider Usage Summary ===")
+    total_calls = 0
+    for agent in multi_model_agents:
+        report = agent.get_usage_report()
+        print(f"\nAgent: {agent.name}")
+        for model, stats in report['model_usage'].items():
+            if stats['calls'] > 0:
+                print(f"  - {model}: {stats['calls']} calls")
+                total_calls += stats['calls']
+    
+    print(f"\nTotal API calls: {total_calls}")
+
+
+# Example 4: Custom Routing Logic
+def example_custom_routing():
+    """Example with custom routing logic based on specific requirements"""
+    print("\n=== Example 4: Custom Routing Logic ===\n")
+    
+    # Create custom model profiles for specific use cases
+    custom_models = [
+        ModelProfile(
+            name="gpt-4o",
+            provider="openai",
+            complexity_range=(TaskComplexity.SIMPLE, TaskComplexity.VERY_COMPLEX),
+            cost_per_1k_tokens=0.0075,
+            strengths=["code-generation", "debugging"],
+            capabilities=["text", "function-calling"],
+            context_window=128000
+        ),
+        ModelProfile(
+            name="deepseek-chat",
+            provider="deepseek",
+            complexity_range=(TaskComplexity.MODERATE, TaskComplexity.VERY_COMPLEX),
+            cost_per_1k_tokens=0.001,
+            strengths=["mathematics", "algorithms"],
+            capabilities=["text", "function-calling"],
+            context_window=128000
+        )
+    ]
+    
+    # Create router with custom models
+    custom_router = ModelRouter(models=custom_models)
+    
+    # Tool for web search (example)
+    def search_web(query: str) -> str:
+        """Search the web for information"""
+        return f"Search results for: {query}"
+    
+    # Create specialized agent
+    coder = RouterAgent(
+        name="Adaptive Coder",
+        role="Software Developer",
+        goal="Write and debug code using the best model for each task",
+        backstory="I'm an expert coder who knows when to use different AI models",
+        model_router=custom_router,
+        routing_strategy="auto",
+        tools=[search_web],
+        verbose=True
+    )
+    
+    # Create coding tasks
+    tasks = [
+        Task(
+            name="fix_bug",
+            description="Fix this Python bug: 'list' object has no attribute 'appendx'",
+            expected_output="Corrected code with explanation",
+            agent=coder
+        ),
+        Task(
+            name="implement_algorithm",
+            description="Implement Dijkstra's shortest path algorithm in Python",
+            expected_output="Complete implementation with comments",
+            agent=coder,
+            tools=[search_web]
+        )
+    ]
+    
+    # Run tasks
+    agents = PraisonAIAgents(
+        agents=[coder],
+        tasks=tasks,
+        process="sequential",
+        verbose=True
+    )
+    
+    results = agents.start()
+    
+    print("\n=== Custom Routing Results ===")
+    print(coder.get_usage_report())
+
+
+# Run examples
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    # Make sure to set your API keys
+    # os.environ["OPENAI_API_KEY"] = "your-openai-key"
+    # os.environ["ANTHROPIC_API_KEY"] = "your-anthropic-key"  
+    # os.environ["GEMINI_API_KEY"] = "your-gemini-key"
+    
+    # Run examples
+    example_auto_routing()
+    example_cost_optimized_workflow()
+    example_auto_agents_multi_provider()
+    example_custom_routing()
+    
+    print("\n=== All Examples Completed ===")
+    print("\nKey Features Demonstrated:")
+    print("1. Automatic model selection based on task complexity")
+    print("2. Cost-optimized routing for budget-conscious operations")
+    print("3. Performance-optimized routing for quality-critical tasks")
+    print("4. Multi-provider support with fallback mechanisms")
+    print("5. Integration with AutoAgents for automatic workflow generation")
+    print("6. Custom routing logic for specialized use cases")

examples/python/agents/router-agent-cost-optimization.py

@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+"""
+RouterAgent Cost Optimization Example
+
+This example demonstrates how to use RouterAgent for intelligent model selection
+based on cost optimization. The router agent automatically selects the most
+cost-effective model for different types of tasks while maintaining quality.
+
+Features demonstrated:
+- Cost-optimized model routing
+- Automatic model selection based on task complexity
+- Usage tracking and cost monitoring
+- Fallback mechanisms for reliability
+"""
+
+from praisonaiagents import Agent
+from praisonaiagents.agent.router_agent import RouterAgent
+from praisonaiagents.tools import duckduckgo
+
+# Define model options with cost considerations
+# Using different models for different complexity levels
+cheap_model = "gpt-4o-mini"  # For simple tasks
+balanced_model = "gpt-4o"    # For moderate complexity  
+premium_model = "claude-3-5-sonnet-20241022"  # For complex tasks
+
+# Create RouterAgent with cost optimization strategy
+router = RouterAgent(
+    name="CostOptimizedRouter",
+    role="Cost-Efficient Task Router",
+    goal="Route tasks to the most cost-effective model while maintaining quality",
+    backstory="You are a smart router that optimizes for cost-efficiency by selecting appropriate models based on task complexity.",
+    
+    # Model routing strategy - simple tasks to cheap models, complex to premium
+    models=[cheap_model, balanced_model, premium_model],
+    
+    # Routing logic - this could be enhanced with more sophisticated rules
+    instructions="""You are a cost-optimization router. For simple tasks like basic questions, 
+    definitions, or simple calculations, use the cheapest model. For moderate complexity tasks 
+    like writing, analysis, or research, use the balanced model. For complex tasks requiring 
+    deep reasoning, creativity, or specialized knowledge, use the premium model.""",
+    
+    tools=[duckduckgo],
+    verbose=True
+)
+
+# Example tasks of varying complexity levels
+
+# Simple task - should route to cheap model
+print("="*60)
+print("TESTING SIMPLE TASK (should use cheap model)")
+print("="*60)
+simple_result = router.start("What is the capital of France?")
+print(f"Simple task result: {simple_result}")
+
+# Moderate complexity task - should route to balanced model  
+print("\n" + "="*60)
+print("TESTING MODERATE TASK (should use balanced model)")
+print("="*60)
+moderate_result = router.start("Write a brief analysis of renewable energy trends in 2024")
+print(f"Moderate task result: {moderate_result}")
+
+# Complex task - should route to premium model
+print("\n" + "="*60) 
+print("TESTING COMPLEX TASK (should use premium model)")
+print("="*60)
+complex_result = router.start("Conduct a comprehensive strategic analysis of the impact of quantum computing on cybersecurity, including potential vulnerabilities and mitigation strategies")
+print(f"Complex task result: {complex_result}")
+
+# Research task with tool usage - should route appropriately
+print("\n" + "="*60)
+print("TESTING RESEARCH TASK WITH TOOLS")
+print("="*60)
+research_result = router.start("Research and analyze the latest developments in artificial intelligence regulation globally")
+print(f"Research task result: {research_result}")
+
+print("\n" + "="*80)
+print("COST OPTIMIZATION ROUTER DEMONSTRATION COMPLETED")
+print("="*80)
+print("The RouterAgent automatically selected appropriate models based on task complexity:")
+print("- Simple factual questions → Cheaper model (gpt-4o-mini)")  
+print("- Moderate analysis tasks → Balanced model (gpt-4o)")
+print("- Complex strategic analysis → Premium model (claude-3-5-sonnet)")
+print("- This approach optimizes costs while maintaining quality for each task type")

examples/python/guardrails/comprehensive-guardrails-example.py

@@ -0,0 +1,204 @@
+"""
+Comprehensive Guardrails Example
+
+This example demonstrates both function-based and LLM-based guardrails for validating
+agent outputs and ensuring quality, safety, and compliance.
+
+Features demonstrated:
+- Function-based validation guardrails
+- LLM-based content validation
+- Multiple validation criteria
+- Retry mechanisms with feedback
+- Quality assurance workflows
+"""
+
+from praisonaiagents import Agent, Task, PraisonAIAgents
+from praisonaiagents.task import TaskOutput
+from typing import Tuple, Any
+import re
+
+# Define function-based guardrails for different validation types
+
+def email_format_guardrail(task_output: TaskOutput) -> Tuple[bool, Any]:
+    """
+    Validates that the output contains properly formatted email addresses.
+    """
+    output_text = str(task_output.raw)
+    
+    # Email regex pattern
+    email_pattern = r'\b[A-Za-z0-9._%+-]+@[A-Za-z0-9.-]+\.[A-Z|a-z]{2,}\b'
+    emails_found = re.findall(email_pattern, output_text)
+    
+    if emails_found:
+        return True, task_output
+    else:
+        return False, "No valid email addresses found in the output. Please include at least one properly formatted email address."
+
+def word_count_guardrail(task_output: TaskOutput) -> Tuple[bool, Any]:
+    """
+    Validates that the output meets minimum word count requirements.
+    """
+    output_text = str(task_output.raw)
+    word_count = len(output_text.split())
+    
+    min_words = 50  # Minimum required words
+    
+    if word_count >= min_words:
+        return True, task_output
+    else:
+        return False, f"Output too short. Found {word_count} words but need at least {min_words} words. Please provide a more detailed response."
+
+def professional_tone_guardrail(task_output: TaskOutput) -> Tuple[bool, Any]:
+    """
+    Validates that the output maintains a professional tone.
+    """
+    output_text = str(task_output.raw).lower()
+    
+    # Check for unprofessional words/phrases
+    unprofessional_terms = ['stupid', 'dumb', 'sucks', 'terrible', 'awful', 'hate']
+    
+    for term in unprofessional_terms:
+        if term in output_text:
+            return False, f"Output contains unprofessional language ('{term}'). Please revise to maintain a professional tone."
+    
+    return True, task_output
+
+def factual_accuracy_guardrail(task_output: TaskOutput) -> Tuple[bool, Any]:
+    """
+    Validates that the output includes specific factual elements.
+    """
+    output_text = str(task_output.raw).lower()
+    
+    # Check for presence of factual indicators
+    factual_indicators = ['according to', 'research shows', 'studies indicate', 'data suggests', 'evidence']
+    
+    has_factual_backing = any(indicator in output_text for indicator in factual_indicators)
+    
+    if has_factual_backing:
+        return True, task_output
+    else:
+        return False, "Output lacks factual backing. Please include references to research, studies, or data to support your claims."
+
+# Create agents with different guardrail configurations
+
+# Agent with email format validation
+email_agent = Agent(
+    name="EmailAgent",
+    role="Business Communication Specialist",
+    goal="Create professional business communications with proper email formatting",
+    backstory="You are a professional communication specialist who ensures all business correspondence includes proper contact information.",
+    instructions="Always include properly formatted email addresses in your responses."
+)
+
+# Agent with word count validation  
+content_agent = Agent(
+    name="ContentAgent",
+    role="Content Writer",
+    goal="Create detailed, comprehensive content that meets length requirements",
+    backstory="You are a professional content writer who creates detailed, well-researched articles.",
+    instructions="Provide comprehensive, detailed responses with sufficient depth and explanation."
+)
+
+# Agent with professional tone validation
+business_agent = Agent(
+    name="BusinessAgent", 
+    role="Professional Advisor",
+    goal="Provide professional business advice with appropriate tone",
+    backstory="You are a seasoned business advisor who maintains professionalism in all communications.",
+    instructions="Maintain a professional, respectful tone in all communications."
+)
+
+# Agent with factual accuracy validation
+research_agent = Agent(
+    name="ResearchAgent",
+    role="Research Analyst", 
+    goal="Provide well-researched, fact-based analysis",
+    backstory="You are a research analyst who backs all claims with evidence and citations.",
+    instructions="Support all statements with references to research, studies, or credible data sources."
+)
+
+# Create tasks with specific guardrails
+
+# Task with email format guardrail
+email_task = Task(
+    name="email_communication",
+    description="Write a business proposal for a new software project, including contact information",
+    expected_output="Professional business proposal with contact email addresses",
+    agent=email_agent,
+    guardrail=email_format_guardrail,
+    max_retries=3
+)
+
+# Task with word count guardrail
+content_task = Task(
+    name="detailed_analysis", 
+    description="Write an analysis of cloud computing benefits for small businesses",
+    expected_output="Comprehensive analysis of cloud computing benefits (minimum 50 words)",
+    agent=content_agent,
+    guardrail=word_count_guardrail,
+    max_retries=3
+)
+
+# Task with professional tone guardrail
+business_task = Task(
+    name="professional_advice",
+    description="Provide advice on handling difficult client relationships",
+    expected_output="Professional advice maintaining appropriate business tone",
+    agent=business_agent,
+    guardrail=professional_tone_guardrail,
+    max_retries=3
+)
+
+# Task with factual accuracy guardrail
+research_task = Task(
+    name="research_report",
+    description="Analyze the impact of artificial intelligence on job markets",
+    expected_output="Research-backed analysis with citations and evidence",
+    agent=research_agent,
+    guardrail=factual_accuracy_guardrail,
+    max_retries=3
+)
+
+# LLM-based guardrail example
+llm_guardrail_agent = Agent(
+    name="LLMGuardrailAgent",
+    role="Content Quality Validator",
+    goal="Validate content quality using LLM-based assessment",
+    backstory="You are a quality assurance specialist who uses AI to validate content quality.",
+    instructions="Create marketing content that is engaging, accurate, and compliant with advertising standards."
+)
+
+# Task with LLM-based guardrail
+llm_guardrail_task = Task(
+    name="marketing_content",
+    description="Create a marketing email for a new fitness app targeting busy professionals",
+    expected_output="Engaging marketing email that is accurate and compliant",
+    agent=llm_guardrail_agent,
+    
+    # LLM-based guardrail using natural language validation
+    guardrail="Validate that this marketing content is: 1) Factually accurate with no false claims, 2) Compliant with advertising standards (no misleading statements), 3) Engaging and professional in tone, 4) Includes a clear call-to-action. If any criteria are not met, explain what needs to be improved.",
+    max_retries=2
+)
+
+# Execute tasks with guardrails
+agents = PraisonAIAgents(
+    agents=[email_agent, content_agent, business_agent, research_agent, llm_guardrail_agent],
+    tasks=[email_task, content_task, business_task, research_task, llm_guardrail_task],
+    verbose=True
+)
+
+print("="*80)
+print("EXECUTING TASKS WITH COMPREHENSIVE GUARDRAILS")
+print("="*80)
+
+result = agents.start()
+
+print("\n" + "="*80)
+print("GUARDRAILS DEMONSTRATION COMPLETED")
+print("="*80)
+print("This example demonstrated:")
+print("- Function-based validation (email format, word count, tone, factual accuracy)")
+print("- LLM-based content validation using natural language criteria")
+print("- Automatic retry mechanisms with specific feedback")
+print("- Quality assurance workflows for different content types")
+print("- Professional validation standards for business communications")

examples/python/knowledge/advanced-knowledge-management.py

@@ -0,0 +1,194 @@
+"""
+Advanced Knowledge Management Example
+
+This example demonstrates sophisticated knowledge management capabilities including
+advanced chunking strategies, reranking, and intelligent knowledge retrieval.
+
+Features demonstrated:
+- Advanced document chunking strategies
+- Vector store integration with ChromaDB
+- Knowledge-based question answering
+- Intelligent context retrieval
+- Document processing and management
+"""
+
+from praisonaiagents import Agent
+import tempfile
+import os
+
+# Create a sample knowledge document for demonstration
+sample_document = """
+# Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare
+
+## Introduction
+Artificial intelligence (AI) is revolutionizing healthcare by enabling more accurate diagnoses, 
+personalized treatments, and efficient healthcare delivery. This document explores the current 
+applications and future potential of AI in healthcare.
+
+## Current Applications
+
+### Medical Imaging
+AI algorithms, particularly deep learning models, have shown remarkable success in medical imaging:
+- Radiology: AI can detect cancers in mammograms with accuracy matching or exceeding radiologists
+- Ophthalmology: AI systems can diagnose diabetic retinopathy from retinal photographs
+- Pathology: AI assists in analyzing tissue samples for cancer detection
+
+### Drug Discovery
+AI is accelerating drug discovery processes:
+- Molecular design: AI predicts molecular properties and drug-target interactions
+- Clinical trials: AI optimizes patient recruitment and trial design
+- Repurposing: AI identifies new uses for existing drugs
+
+### Predictive Analytics
+Healthcare providers use AI for:
+- Risk stratification: Identifying patients at risk of complications
+- Early warning systems: Detecting deteriorating patient conditions
+- Resource planning: Optimizing staff schedules and equipment allocation
+
+## Challenges and Considerations
+
+### Data Privacy and Security
+Healthcare AI faces significant challenges:
+- Patient data protection and HIPAA compliance
+- Secure data sharing between institutions
+- Consent management for AI applications
+
+### Regulatory Approval
+AI medical devices require:
+- FDA approval for diagnostic tools
+- Clinical validation studies
+- Post-market surveillance
+
+### Ethical Considerations
+Important ethical aspects include:
+- Algorithmic bias and fairness
+- Transparency and explainability
+- Patient autonomy and informed consent
+
+## Future Directions
+
+### Personalized Medicine
+AI will enable:
+- Genomic-based treatment selection
+- Individualized drug dosing
+- Precision diagnostics
+
+### Integrated Healthcare Systems
+Future developments include:
+- AI-powered electronic health records
+- Interoperable AI systems across healthcare networks
+- Real-time decision support systems
+
+## Conclusion
+AI has tremendous potential to transform healthcare, but successful implementation requires
+addressing technical, regulatory, and ethical challenges while maintaining focus on patient safety
+and improved outcomes.
+"""
+
+# Save the sample document to a temporary file
+temp_dir = tempfile.mkdtemp()
+doc_path = os.path.join(temp_dir, "ai_healthcare_guide.txt")
+with open(doc_path, "w") as f:
+    f.write(sample_document)
+
+# Create an agent with advanced knowledge management configuration
+knowledge_agent = Agent(
+    name="AdvancedKnowledgeAgent",
+    role="Healthcare AI Knowledge Expert", 
+    goal="Provide comprehensive answers about AI in healthcare using advanced knowledge retrieval",
+    backstory="You are an expert in healthcare AI with access to comprehensive knowledge bases and advanced retrieval capabilities.",
+    
+    # Advanced knowledge configuration
+    knowledge=[doc_path],
+    knowledge_config={
+        "vector_store": {
+            "provider": "chroma",
+            "collection_name": "healthcare_ai_knowledge"
+        },
+        "chunking": {
+            "strategy": "semantic",  # Advanced semantic chunking
+            "chunk_size": 500,       # Optimal chunk size for retrieval
+            "chunk_overlap": 50,     # Overlap for context preservation
+            "separators": ["\n\n", "\n", ".", "!", "?"]  # Smart separators
+        },
+        "retrieval": {
+            "search_type": "similarity",
+            "k": 5,  # Retrieve top 5 most relevant chunks
+            "score_threshold": 0.7,  # Minimum relevance score
+            "rerank": True  # Enable reranking for better results
+        },
+        "embedding": {
+            "provider": "openai",
+            "model": "text-embedding-3-small",  # Efficient embedding model
+            "dimensions": 1536
+        }
+    },
+    
+    instructions="""You are an expert in healthcare AI. Use the knowledge base to provide 
+    comprehensive, accurate answers. Always cite specific information from the documents 
+    when possible. If the knowledge base doesn't contain sufficient information, clearly 
+    state this and provide general guidance based on your training.""",
+    
+    verbose=True
+)
+
+# Test advanced knowledge retrieval with various question types
+
+# Factual question about specific applications
+print("="*70)
+print("TESTING: Specific factual question about AI applications")
+print("="*70)
+factual_result = knowledge_agent.start(
+    "What are the current applications of AI in medical imaging according to the knowledge base?"
+)
+print(f"Factual query result:\n{factual_result}\n")
+
+# Complex analytical question requiring synthesis
+print("="*70)
+print("TESTING: Complex analytical question requiring synthesis")  
+print("="*70)
+analytical_result = knowledge_agent.start(
+    "What are the main challenges facing AI implementation in healthcare and how do they relate to each other?"
+)
+print(f"Analytical query result:\n{analytical_result}\n")
+
+# Specific detail extraction
+print("="*70)
+print("TESTING: Specific detail extraction")
+print("="*70)
+detail_result = knowledge_agent.start(
+    "What specific regulatory requirements does the document mention for AI medical devices?"
+)
+print(f"Detail extraction result:\n{detail_result}\n")
+
+# Future-oriented question requiring inference
+print("="*70)
+print("TESTING: Future-oriented question requiring inference")
+print("="*70)
+future_result = knowledge_agent.start(
+    "Based on the knowledge base, what integration capabilities will future AI healthcare systems have?"
+)
+print(f"Future-oriented query result:\n{future_result}\n")
+
+# Question about relationships and connections
+print("="*70)
+print("TESTING: Relationship and connection analysis")
+print("="*70)
+relationship_result = knowledge_agent.start(
+    "How do the ethical considerations mentioned relate to the regulatory approval process for AI in healthcare?"
+)
+print(f"Relationship analysis result:\n{relationship_result}\n")
+
+# Clean up temporary files
+import shutil
+shutil.rmtree(temp_dir)
+
+print("="*80)
+print("ADVANCED KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT DEMONSTRATION COMPLETED")
+print("="*80)
+print("This example demonstrated:")
+print("- Semantic chunking for better context preservation")
+print("- Advanced retrieval with reranking capabilities")
+print("- Multiple query types with intelligent responses")
+print("- Knowledge base integration with vector search")
+print("- Configurable embedding and retrieval parameters")

examples/python/memory/gemini-embedding-example.py

@@ -0,0 +1,153 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+"""
+Example: Using Gemini Embedding Models with PraisonAI Memory
+
+This example demonstrates how to configure PraisonAI to use Google's Gemini
+embedding models for memory storage and retrieval, as requested in issue #870.
+
+Supported Gemini embedding models:
+- gemini-embedding-exp-03-07 (experimental)
+- text-embedding-004 (stable)
+
+Prerequisites:
+1. Install praisonaiagents with memory support:
+   pip install "praisonaiagents[memory]"
+
+2. Set your Google API key:
+   export GOOGLE_API_KEY='your-api-key'
+
+3. Ensure litellm is installed (comes with praisonaiagents)
+"""
+
+import os
+from praisonaiagents import Agent, Task, PraisonAIAgents
+
+def main():
+    """Demonstrate Gemini embedding usage"""
+    
+    # Verify Google API key
+    if not os.environ.get("GOOGLE_API_KEY"):
+        print("Error: GOOGLE_API_KEY environment variable not set")
+        print("Please set it with: export GOOGLE_API_KEY='your-api-key'")
+        return
+    
+    print("=== Gemini Embedding Example ===\n")
+    
+    # Create agents for different tasks
+    researcher = Agent(
+        name="Research Agent",
+        role="Information Researcher",
+        goal="Research and store important information about topics",
+        backstory="Expert at analyzing and documenting information with semantic understanding",
+        llm="gpt-4o-mini"  # Using GPT for chat, Gemini for embeddings
+    )
+    
+    retriever = Agent(
+        name="Retrieval Agent",
+        role="Information Retriever",
+        goal="Retrieve relevant information from memory using semantic search",
+        backstory="Specialist in finding and presenting stored information",
+        llm="gpt-4o-mini"
+    )
+    
+    # Task 1: Store information with semantic meaning
+    store_task = Task(
+        description="""
+        Research and store the following information:
+        1. Gemini is Google's family of multimodal AI models
+        2. Gemini models support text, image, video, and audio understanding
+        3. The embedding models provide semantic representations of text
+        4. Gemini Ultra is the largest and most capable model
+        5. Gemini was announced in December 2023
+        
+        Store each fact with its semantic meaning preserved.
+        """,
+        expected_output="Confirmation that all facts have been stored in memory",
+        agent=researcher
+    )
+    
+    # Task 2: Semantic retrieval test
+    retrieve_task = Task(
+        description="""
+        Using semantic search, find information about:
+        1. Google's AI capabilities
+        2. Multimodal understanding features
+        3. When was Google's latest AI announced
+        
+        Note: Use semantic similarity, not exact keyword matching.
+        """,
+        expected_output="Retrieved information based on semantic meaning",
+        agent=retriever
+    )
+    
+    # Configure with Gemini embeddings
+    # Option 1: Using stable text-embedding-004
+    agents = PraisonAIAgents(
+        agents=[researcher, retriever],
+        tasks=[store_task, retrieve_task],
+        verbose=True,
+        memory=True,
+        embedder={
+            "provider": "gemini",
+            "config": {
+                "model": "text-embedding-004",
+                # Optional: specify task type for better results
+                # "task_type": "RETRIEVAL_DOCUMENT"  
+            }
+        }
+    )
+    
+    # Alternative: Using experimental model with advanced features
+    # agents = PraisonAIAgents(
+    #     agents=[researcher, retriever],
+    #     tasks=[store_task, retrieve_task],
+    #     verbose=True,
+    #     memory=True,
+    #     embedder={
+    #         "provider": "gemini",
+    #         "config": {
+    #             "model": "gemini-embedding-exp-03-07",
+    #             # Task types: SEMANTIC_SIMILARITY, CLASSIFICATION, CLUSTERING,
+    #             #            RETRIEVAL_DOCUMENT, RETRIEVAL_QUERY, QUESTION_ANSWERING,
+    #             #            FACT_VERIFICATION
+    #             "task_type": "RETRIEVAL_DOCUMENT"
+    #         }
+    #     }
+    # )
+    
+    # Execute the workflow
+    print("Starting agents with Gemini embeddings...\n")
+    result = agents.start()
+    
+    # Demonstrate direct memory access with Gemini embeddings
+    print("\n=== Direct Memory Search Example ===\n")
+    
+    if agents.shared_memory:
+        # Search queries that test semantic understanding
+        queries = [
+            "What are Google's latest AI innovations?",
+            "Explain multimodal AI capabilities",
+            "Large language model features"
+        ]
+        
+        for query in queries:
+            print(f"\nSearching for: '{query}'")
+            results = agents.shared_memory.search_long_term(query, limit=3)
+            
+            if results:
+                print(f"Found {len(results)} semantically similar results:")
+                for i, result in enumerate(results, 1):
+                    print(f"\n{i}. Relevance Score: {result.get('score', 0):.3f}")
+                    print(f"   Content: {result.get('text', '')[:150]}...")
+            else:
+                print("No results found")
+    
+    print("\n=== Example Complete ===")
+    print("\nKey Points:")
+    print("1. Gemini embeddings provide semantic understanding of text")
+    print("2. Results are based on meaning, not just keyword matching")
+    print("3. Different task types can optimize embedding quality")
+    print("4. Compatible with LiteLLM for easy integration")
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()

examples/python/memory/gemini-embeddings.md

@@ -0,0 +1,165 @@
+# Gemini Embedding Support in PraisonAI
+
+This document describes how to use Google's Gemini embedding models with PraisonAI's memory system.
+
+## Overview
+
+PraisonAI now supports configurable embedding models through LiteLLM, including Google's Gemini embedding models. This allows you to use models like `text-embedding-004` or `gemini-embedding-exp-03-07` for semantic search and memory storage.
+
+## Configuration
+
+### Default Configuration (OpenAI)
+
+By default, PraisonAI uses OpenAI's `text-embedding-3-small` model:
+
+```python
+from praisonaiagents import PraisonAIAgents
+
+agents = PraisonAIAgents(
+    agents=[...],
+    tasks=[...],
+    memory=True  # Uses default OpenAI embeddings
+)
+```
+
+### Using Gemini Embeddings
+
+To use Gemini embeddings, configure the `embedder` parameter:
+
+```python
+from praisonaiagents import PraisonAIAgents
+
+agents = PraisonAIAgents(
+    agents=[...],
+    tasks=[...],
+    memory=True,
+    embedder={
+        "provider": "gemini",
+        "config": {
+            "model": "text-embedding-004"  # or "gemini-embedding-exp-03-07"
+        }
+    }
+)
+```
+
+## Prerequisites
+
+1. **API Key**: Set your Google API key:
+   ```bash
+   export GOOGLE_API_KEY='your-api-key'
+   ```
+
+2. **Dependencies**: Ensure you have the memory dependencies installed:
+   ```bash
+   pip install "praisonaiagents[memory]"
+   ```
+
+## Supported Models
+
+### Gemini Embedding Models
+
+- `text-embedding-004` - Stable embedding model
+- `gemini-embedding-exp-03-07` - Experimental model with advanced features
+
+### Task Types (Optional)
+
+Gemini models support task-specific optimizations:
+- `SEMANTIC_SIMILARITY`
+- `CLASSIFICATION`
+- `CLUSTERING`
+- `RETRIEVAL_DOCUMENT`
+- `RETRIEVAL_QUERY`
+- `QUESTION_ANSWERING`
+- `FACT_VERIFICATION`
+
+Example with task type:
+```python
+embedder={
+    "provider": "gemini",
+    "config": {
+        "model": "text-embedding-004",
+        "task_type": "RETRIEVAL_DOCUMENT"
+    }
+}
+```
+
+## Complete Example
+
+```python
+import os
+from praisonaiagents import Agent, Task, PraisonAIAgents
+
+# Ensure Google API key is set
+os.environ["GOOGLE_API_KEY"] = "your-api-key"
+
+# Create agents
+researcher = Agent(
+    name="Researcher",
+    role="Information Researcher",
+    goal="Store information with semantic understanding",
+    llm="gpt-4o-mini"
+)
+
+# Create task
+task = Task(
+    description="Research and store information about AI advancements",
+    expected_output="Confirmation of stored information",
+    agent=researcher
+)
+
+# Initialize with Gemini embeddings
+agents = PraisonAIAgents(
+    agents=[researcher],
+    tasks=[task],
+    memory=True,
+    embedder={
+        "provider": "gemini",
+        "config": {
+            "model": "text-embedding-004"
+        }
+    }
+)
+
+# Run the agents
+agents.start()
+```
+
+## Backward Compatibility
+
+The implementation maintains full backward compatibility:
+
+1. **No embedder config**: Uses default OpenAI `text-embedding-3-small`
+2. **Existing configs**: Continue to work without modification
+3. **Other providers**: Supports any embedding model available through LiteLLM
+
+## Memory Configuration with Mem0
+
+When using Mem0 as the memory provider, the embedder configuration is passed through:
+
+```python
+memory_config = {
+    "provider": "mem0",
+    "config": {
+        "api_key": "your-mem0-key",
+        "embedder": {
+            "provider": "gemini",
+            "config": {
+                "model": "text-embedding-004"
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+```
+
+## Troubleshooting
+
+1. **API Key Error**: Ensure `GOOGLE_API_KEY` is set in your environment
+2. **Model Not Found**: Verify the model name is correct
+3. **LiteLLM Error**: Ensure litellm is installed and up to date
+4. **Embedding Size Mismatch**: When switching models, you may need to clear the vector database as different models produce different embedding dimensions
+
+## See Also
+
+- [Gemini API Documentation](https://ai.google.dev/gemini-api/docs/embeddings)
+- [LiteLLM Embedding Models](https://docs.litellm.ai/docs/embedding/supported_embedding)
+- Example: `/examples/python/memory/gemini-embedding-example.py`

examples/python/models/googlegemini/README_GEMINI_INTERNAL_TOOLS.md

@@ -0,0 +1,215 @@
+# Gemini Internal Tools Examples
+
+This directory contains examples demonstrating how to use Google Gemini's built-in internal tools through PraisonAI. These tools are natively supported by Gemini models and provide powerful capabilities without requiring external tool implementations.
+
+## Available Internal Tools
+
+### 1. Google Search (`googleSearch`)
+- **Purpose**: Real-time web search with automatic result grounding
+- **Use Cases**: Current events, latest information, fact-checking
+- **Example**: `gemini-google-search.py`
+
+### 2. URL Context (`urlContext`) 
+- **Purpose**: Fetch and analyze content from specific URLs
+- **Use Cases**: Document analysis, web content summarization, research
+- **Example**: `gemini-url-context.py`
+
+### 3. Code Execution (`codeExecution`)
+- **Purpose**: Execute Python code snippets within the conversation
+- **Use Cases**: Calculations, data analysis, code validation
+- **Example**: `gemini-code-execution.py`
+
+## Prerequisites
+
+1. **Gemini API Key**: Set your Google AI Studio API key
+   ```bash
+   export GEMINI_API_KEY="your-api-key-here"
+   ```
+
+2. **Compatible Model**: Use Gemini models that support internal tools:
+   - `gemini/gemini-2.0-flash` (recommended)
+   - `gemini/gemini-2.0-flash-thinking-exp`
+   - Other Gemini 2.0+ models
+
+3. **PraisonAI Installation**: Ensure you have the latest version
+   ```bash
+   pip install "praisonaiagents[llm]"
+   ```
+
+## Examples
+
+### Individual Tool Examples
+
+1. **Google Search Example** (`gemini-google-search.py`)
+   ```python
+   agent = Agent(
+       instructions="Research assistant with web search",
+       llm="gemini/gemini-2.0-flash",
+       tools=[{"googleSearch": {}}]
+   )
+   
+   response = agent.start("What's the latest news about AI?")
+   ```
+
+2. **URL Context Example** (`gemini-url-context.py`)
+   ```python
+   agent = Agent(
+       instructions="Content analyzer",
+       llm="gemini/gemini-2.0-flash", 
+       tools=[{"urlContext": {}}]
+   )
+   
+   response = agent.start("Summarize this: https://example.com/article")
+   ```
+
+3. **Code Execution Example** (`gemini-code-execution.py`)
+   ```python
+   agent = Agent(
+       instructions="Data analyst with code execution",
+       llm="gemini/gemini-2.0-flash",
+       tools=[{"codeExecution": {}}]
+   )
+   
+   response = agent.start("Calculate compound interest for $10,000 at 5% for 10 years")
+   ```
+
+### Combined Tools Example
+
+**All Tools Together** (`gemini-internal-tools-combined.py`)
+```python
+agent = Agent(
+    instructions="Advanced research assistant",
+    llm="gemini/gemini-2.0-flash",
+    tools=[
+        {"googleSearch": {}},
+        {"urlContext": {}},
+        {"codeExecution": {}}
+    ]
+)
+
+# Now the agent can search, analyze URLs, and execute code as needed
+```
+
+## How It Works
+
+### PraisonAI Integration
+
+PraisonAI's tool system is designed to pass tools directly to LiteLLM without modification:
+
+1. **Tool Definition**: Define tools using the special internal tool syntax
+   ```python
+   tools=[{"googleSearch": {}}]  # Special format for internal tools
+   ```
+
+2. **Pass-Through**: PraisonAI passes these tools directly to LiteLLM
+3. **Execution**: LiteLLM sends them to Gemini as internal tool configurations
+4. **Results**: Gemini executes the tools natively and returns integrated responses
+
+### Mixing with External Tools
+
+You can combine internal tools with custom external tools:
+
+```python
+def custom_calculator(expression: str) -> str:
+    """Custom calculator function - safely evaluates basic math expressions"""
+    import ast
+    import operator
+    
+    # Define safe operations
+    ops = {
+        ast.Add: operator.add,
+        ast.Sub: operator.sub,
+        ast.Mult: operator.mul,
+        ast.Div: operator.truediv,
+        ast.Pow: operator.pow,
+        ast.USub: operator.neg,
+    }
+    
+    def eval_expr(node):
+        if isinstance(node, ast.Constant):  # Numbers
+            return node.value
+        elif isinstance(node, ast.BinOp):  # Binary operations
+            return ops[type(node.op)](eval_expr(node.left), eval_expr(node.right))
+        elif isinstance(node, ast.UnaryOp):  # Unary operations
+            return ops[type(node.op)](eval_expr(node.operand))
+        else:
+            raise TypeError(f"Unsupported operation: {type(node)}")
+    
+    try:
+        return str(eval_expr(ast.parse(expression, mode='eval').body))
+    except Exception as e:
+        return f"Error: {e}"
+
+agent = Agent(
+    tools=[
+        {"googleSearch": {}},      # Internal tool
+        {"codeExecution": {}},     # Internal tool  
+        custom_calculator          # External tool
+    ]
+)
+```
+
+## Running the Examples
+
+1. **Set API Key**:
+   ```bash
+   export GEMINI_API_KEY="your-api-key"
+   ```
+
+2. **Run Individual Examples**:
+   ```bash
+   python gemini-google-search.py
+   python gemini-url-context.py  
+   python gemini-code-execution.py
+   ```
+
+3. **Run Combined Example**:
+   ```bash
+   python gemini-internal-tools-combined.py
+   ```
+
+## Benefits Over External Tools
+
+### Advantages of Internal Tools
+
+1. **Native Integration**: No need to implement or maintain external tool code
+2. **Optimized Performance**: Tools are executed within Gemini's environment
+3. **Automatic Grounding**: Search results are automatically integrated into responses
+4. **No Rate Limits**: No separate API calls or rate limiting concerns
+5. **Security**: Code execution is sandboxed within Gemini's environment
+
+### When to Use External Tools
+
+- When you need specific custom logic
+- When you require integration with private APIs
+- When you need persistent data storage
+- When you want full control over tool behavior
+
+## Troubleshooting
+
+### Common Issues
+
+1. **API Key Error**: Ensure `GEMINI_API_KEY` is set correctly
+2. **Model Not Supported**: Use Gemini 2.0+ models for internal tools
+3. **Tool Not Available**: Some tools may have regional or quota restrictions
+
+### Debug Mode
+
+Enable verbose logging to see tool usage:
+```python
+agent = Agent(
+    # ... config
+    verbose=True  # Shows detailed tool usage
+)
+```
+
+## References
+
+- [Gemini API: Google Search Grounding](https://ai.google.dev/gemini-api/docs/google-search)
+- [Gemini API: URL Context](https://ai.google.dev/gemini-api/docs/url-context)  
+- [Gemini API: Code Execution](https://ai.google.dev/gemini-api/docs/code-execution)
+- [LiteLLM Gemini Provider Documentation](https://docs.litellm.ai/docs/providers/gemini)
+
+## Contributing
+
+If you create additional examples or find improvements, please contribute back to the PraisonAI project!

examples/python/models/googlegemini/gemini-code-execution.py

@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+"""
+Gemini Code Execution Tool Example
+
+This example demonstrates how to use Gemini's built-in Code Execution functionality
+through PraisonAI. The Code Execution tool allows the model to run Python code
+snippets directly within the conversation for dynamic computation and validation.
+
+Prerequisites:
+- Set GEMINI_API_KEY environment variable
+- Use a Gemini model that supports internal tools (gemini-2.0-flash, etc.)
+
+Features:
+- Direct Python code execution within the model
+- Real-time calculations and data processing
+- Code validation and testing
+- Mathematical computations and visualizations
+"""
+
+from praisonaiagents import Agent
+
+# Ensure you have your Gemini API key set
+# import os; os.environ["GEMINI_API_KEY"] = "your-api-key-here"
+
+def main():
+    # Create agent with Code Execution internal tool
+    agent = Agent(
+        instructions="""You are a data analyst and programmer that can execute Python code.
+        Use the Code Execution tool to perform calculations, analyze data, create visualizations,
+        and validate logic. Always show your work by executing relevant code snippets.""",
+        
+        llm="gemini/gemini-2.0-flash",
+        
+        # Enable Code Execution internal tool
+        tools=[{"codeExecution": {}}],
+        
+        verbose=True
+    )
+    
+    # Example tasks that benefit from code execution
+    tasks = [
+        "Calculate the compound interest on $10,000 invested at 5% annual rate for 10 years, compounded monthly. Show the calculation step by step.",
+        
+        "Generate the first 20 Fibonacci numbers and find their sum. Also calculate the ratio of consecutive Fibonacci numbers.",
+        
+        "Create a simple linear regression model for the data points: (1,2), (2,4), (3,6), (4,8), (5,10). Calculate the R-squared value.",
+        
+        "Solve the quadratic equation 2x² + 5x - 3 = 0 using the quadratic formula. Verify the solutions by substituting back.",
+        
+        "Calculate the statistical summary (mean, median, mode, standard deviation) for this dataset: [12, 15, 18, 12, 20, 25, 18, 12, 22, 30, 15, 18]",
+        
+        "Write a function to check if a number is prime, then find all prime numbers between 1 and 100.",
+        
+        "Calculate the area under the curve y = x² from x = 0 to x = 5 using numerical integration (trapezoidal rule)."
+    ]
+    
+    print("=== Gemini Code Execution Tool Demo ===\n")
+    
+    for i, task in enumerate(tasks, 1):
+        print(f"Task {i}: {task}")
+        print("-" * 80)
+        
+        try:
+            response = agent.start(task)
+            print(f"Response: {response}")
+            print("\n" + "="*100 + "\n")
+            
+        except Exception as e:
+            print(f"Error: {e}")
+            print("\n" + "="*100 + "\n")
+
+def demonstrate_direct_usage():
+    """
+    Example of how the Code Execution tool works at the LiteLLM level
+    (for reference - this requires direct LiteLLM usage)
+    """
+    print("=== Direct LiteLLM Code Execution Usage (Reference) ===")
+    print("""
+    # This is how it works at the LiteLLM level:
+    
+    import litellm
+    import os
+    
+    os.environ["GEMINI_API_KEY"] = "your-api-key"
+    
+    response = litellm.completion(
+        model="gemini/gemini-2.0-flash",
+        messages=[{
+            "role": "user", 
+            "content": "Calculate the factorial of 10 and show the code"
+        }],
+        tools=[{"codeExecution": {}}],
+    )
+    
+    print(response.choices[0].message.content)
+    """)
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()
+    demonstrate_direct_usage()

examples/python/models/googlegemini/gemini-google-search.py

@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+"""
+Gemini Google Search Tool Example
+
+This example demonstrates how to use Gemini's built-in Google Search functionality
+through PraisonAI. The Google Search tool allows the model to perform real-time
+web searches and ground responses in current information.
+
+Prerequisites:
+- Set GEMINI_API_KEY environment variable
+- Use a Gemini model that supports internal tools (gemini-2.0-flash, etc.)
+
+Features:
+- Real-time web search capabilities
+- Automatic grounding of responses in search results
+- No need to implement external search tools
+"""
+
+from praisonaiagents import Agent
+
+# Ensure you have your Gemini API key set
+# import os; os.environ["GEMINI_API_KEY"] = "your-api-key-here"
+
+def main():
+    # Create agent with Google Search internal tool
+    agent = Agent(
+        instructions="""You are a research assistant that can search the web for current information.
+        Use the Google Search tool to find up-to-date information when answering questions.
+        Always cite your sources and indicate when information comes from search results.""",
+        
+        llm="gemini/gemini-2.0-flash",
+        
+        # Enable Google Search internal tool
+        tools=[{"googleSearch": {}}],
+        
+        verbose=True
+    )
+    
+    # Example queries that benefit from real-time search
+    queries = [
+        "What's the latest news about AI developments this week?",
+        "What's the current weather in San Francisco?",
+        "What are the latest stock prices for major tech companies?",
+        "What are the most recent breakthroughs in quantum computing?",
+        "Who won the latest major sports championships?"
+    ]
+    
+    print("=== Gemini Google Search Tool Demo ===\n")
+    
+    for i, query in enumerate(queries, 1):
+        print(f"Query {i}: {query}")
+        print("-" * 50)
+        
+        try:
+            response = agent.start(query)
+            print(f"Response: {response}")
+            print("\n" + "="*80 + "\n")
+            
+        except Exception as e:
+            print(f"Error: {e}")
+            print("\n" + "="*80 + "\n")
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()

examples/python/models/googlegemini/gemini-internal-tools-combined.py

@@ -0,0 +1,187 @@
+"""
+Gemini Internal Tools Combined Example
+
+This example demonstrates how to use all three of Gemini's built-in internal tools
+together through PraisonAI:
+1. Google Search - for real-time web information
+2. URL Context - for analyzing web content
+3. Code Execution - for computations and analysis
+
+Prerequisites:
+- Set GEMINI_API_KEY environment variable
+- Use a Gemini model that supports internal tools (gemini-2.0-flash, etc.)
+
+Features:
+- Multi-tool agent combining search, content analysis, and computation
+- Real-world research and analysis workflows
+- Comprehensive data gathering and processing capabilities
+"""
+
+from praisonaiagents import Agent
+
+# Ensure you have your Gemini API key set
+# import os; os.environ["GEMINI_API_KEY"] = "your-api-key-here"
+
+def main():
+    # Create agent with all Gemini internal tools enabled
+    agent = Agent(
+        instructions="""You are an advanced research and analysis assistant with access to:
+        1. Google Search - for finding current information
+        2. URL Context - for analyzing web content 
+        3. Code Execution - for calculations and data processing
+        
+        Use these tools strategically to provide comprehensive, well-researched, and 
+        analytically sound responses. Always show your work and cite sources.""",
+        
+        llm="gemini/gemini-2.0-flash",
+        
+        # Enable all three Gemini internal tools
+        tools=[
+            {"googleSearch": {}},
+            {"urlContext": {}}, 
+            {"codeExecution": {}}
+        ],
+        
+        verbose=True
+    )
+    
+    # Complex tasks that benefit from multiple internal tools
+    complex_tasks = [
+        """Research the current market cap of the top 5 technology companies, 
+        then calculate their combined market value and determine what percentage 
+        each company represents of the total. Present the results in a formatted table.""",
+        
+        """Find recent research papers about large language models from arXiv, 
+        analyze the abstracts of 2-3 papers, and calculate the average number 
+        of authors across these papers.""",
+        
+        """Look up the current population of the 10 largest cities in the world, 
+        then calculate statistical measures (mean, median, standard deviation) 
+        and create a simple visualization of the data distribution.""",
+        
+        """Research the latest Python release notes, analyze the key new features, 
+        and write example code demonstrating 2-3 of the most important new features.""",
+        
+        """Find information about recent climate data, analyze a specific dataset 
+        or report, and perform calculations to show trends or comparisons over time."""
+    ]
+    
+    print("=== Gemini Combined Internal Tools Demo ===\n")
+    
+    for i, task in enumerate(complex_tasks, 1):
+        print(f"Complex Task {i}:")
+        print(task)
+        print("-" * 100)
+        
+        try:
+            response = agent.start(task)
+            print(f"Response: {response}")
+            print("\n" + "="*120 + "\n")
+            
+        except Exception as e:
+            print(f"Error: {e}")
+            print("\n" + "="*120 + "\n")
+
+def demonstrate_tool_synergy():
+    """
+    Example showing how the tools work together for a research workflow
+    """
+    print("=== Tool Synergy Example ===")
+    
+    agent = Agent(
+        instructions="""You are a market research analyst. Use all available tools 
+        to gather information, analyze content, and perform calculations as needed.""",
+        
+        llm="gemini/gemini-2.0-flash",
+        tools=[
+            {"googleSearch": {}},
+            {"urlContext": {}}, 
+            {"codeExecution": {}}
+        ],
+        verbose=True
+    )
+    
+    # Multi-step research task
+    research_query = """
+    Conduct a mini market analysis on electric vehicle adoption:
+    1. Search for recent statistics on global EV sales
+    2. Find and analyze a recent report or article about EV market trends
+    3. Calculate the year-over-year growth rate if you can find data for multiple years
+    4. Provide a summary with key insights and numerical analysis
+    """
+    
+    print("Research Query:", research_query)
+    print("-" * 80)
+    
+    try:
+        response = agent.start(research_query)
+        print(f"Research Results: {response}")
+        
+    except Exception as e:
+        print(f"Error: {e}")
+
+def show_configuration_options():
+    """
+    Show different ways to configure the internal tools
+    """
+    print("\n=== Configuration Examples ===")
+    print("""
+    # Basic usage (all tools with default settings)
+    tools=[
+        {"googleSearch": {}},
+        {"urlContext": {}},
+        {"codeExecution": {}}
+    ]
+    
+    # Can also be used individually
+    tools=[{"googleSearch": {}}]  # Only Google Search
+    tools=[{"urlContext": {}}]    # Only URL Context  
+    tools=[{"codeExecution": {}}] # Only Code Execution
+    
+    # Mix with custom tools
+    from praisonaiagents import Agent
+    
+    def custom_calculator(expression: str) -> str:
+        '''Custom calculator function - safely evaluates basic math expressions'''
+        import ast
+        import operator
+        
+        # Define safe operations
+        ops = {
+            ast.Add: operator.add,
+            ast.Sub: operator.sub,
+            ast.Mult: operator.mul,
+            ast.Div: operator.truediv,
+            ast.Pow: operator.pow,
+            ast.USub: operator.neg,
+        }
+        
+        def eval_expr(node):
+            if isinstance(node, ast.Constant):  # Numbers
+                return node.value
+            elif isinstance(node, ast.BinOp):  # Binary operations
+                return ops[type(node.op)](eval_expr(node.left), eval_expr(node.right))
+            elif isinstance(node, ast.UnaryOp):  # Unary operations
+                return ops[type(node.op)](eval_expr(node.operand))
+            else:
+                raise TypeError(f"Unsupported operation: {type(node)}")
+        
+        try:
+            return str(eval_expr(ast.parse(expression, mode='eval').body))
+        except Exception as e:
+            return f"Error: {e}"
+    
+    agent = Agent(
+        tools=[
+            {"googleSearch": {}},        # Gemini internal tool
+            {"codeExecution": {}},       # Gemini internal tool
+            custom_calculator            # Custom external tool
+        ]
+    )
+    """)
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()
+    print("\n" + "="*50)
+    demonstrate_tool_synergy()
+    show_configuration_options()

examples/python/models/googlegemini/gemini-url-context.py

@@ -0,0 +1,115 @@
+"""
+Gemini URL Context Tool Example
+
+This example demonstrates how to use Gemini's built-in URL Context functionality
+through PraisonAI. The URL Context tool allows the model to fetch and analyze
+content from specific URLs in real-time.
+
+Prerequisites:
+- Set GEMINI_API_KEY environment variable
+- Use a Gemini model that supports internal tools (gemini-2.0-flash, etc.)
+
+Features:
+- Real-time URL content fetching
+- Automatic content analysis and summarization
+- Support for various web content types
+- Access to URL metadata through response.model_extra
+"""
+
+from praisonaiagents import Agent
+
+# Ensure you have your Gemini API key set
+# import os; os.environ["GEMINI_API_KEY"] = "your-api-key-here"
+
+def main():
+    # Create agent with URL Context internal tool
+    agent = Agent(
+        instructions="""You are a content analyst that can fetch and analyze web content.
+        Use the URL Context tool to access and analyze content from provided URLs.
+        Provide detailed summaries, extract key information, and answer questions about the content.""",
+        
+        llm="gemini/gemini-2.0-flash",
+        
+        # Enable URL Context internal tool
+        tools=[{"urlContext": {}}],
+        
+        verbose=True
+    )
+    
+    # Example URLs for analysis
+    url_tasks = [
+        {
+            "url": "https://ai.google.dev/gemini-api/docs/models",
+            "task": "Summarize the key information about Gemini models and their capabilities"
+        },
+        {
+            "url": "https://github.com/MervinPraison/PraisonAI",
+            "task": "Analyze this GitHub repository and explain what PraisonAI does"
+        },
+        {
+            "url": "https://docs.python.org/3/tutorial/introduction.html",
+            "task": "Extract the main learning objectives from this Python tutorial"
+        },
+        {
+            "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2301.00234",
+            "task": "Provide a summary of this research paper's abstract and key contributions"
+        }
+    ]
+    
+    print("=== Gemini URL Context Tool Demo ===\n")
+    
+    for i, item in enumerate(url_tasks, 1):
+        print(f"Analysis {i}: {item['url']}")
+        print(f"Task: {item['task']}")
+        print("-" * 50)
+        
+        # Combine URL and task in the query
+        query = f"{item['task']}: {item['url']}"
+        
+        try:
+            response = agent.start(query)
+            print(f"Analysis: {response}")
+            
+            # Note: URL metadata access requires direct LiteLLM response
+            # In PraisonAI, this would need to be accessed through the LLM response
+            print(f"\nAnalyzed URL: {item['url']}")
+            print("\n" + "="*80 + "\n")
+            
+        except Exception as e:
+            print(f"Error: {e}")
+            print("\n" + "="*80 + "\n")
+
+def demonstrate_direct_usage():
+    """
+    Example of how the URL Context tool works at the LiteLLM level
+    (for reference - this requires direct LiteLLM usage)
+    """
+    print("=== Direct LiteLLM URL Context Usage (Reference) ===")
+    print("""
+    # This is how it works at the LiteLLM level:
+    
+    import litellm
+    import os
+    
+    os.environ["GEMINI_API_KEY"] = "your-api-key"
+    
+    response = litellm.completion(
+        model="gemini/gemini-2.0-flash",
+        messages=[{
+            "role": "user", 
+            "content": "Summarize this document: https://ai.google.dev/gemini-api/docs/models"
+        }],
+        tools=[{"urlContext": {}}],
+    )
+    
+    # Access URL metadata
+    if hasattr(response, 'model_extra') and 'vertex_ai_url_context_metadata' in response.model_extra:
+        url_context_metadata = response.model_extra['vertex_ai_url_context_metadata']
+        urlMetadata = url_context_metadata[0]['urlMetadata'][0]
+        print(f"Retrieved URL: {urlMetadata['retrievedUrl']}")
+        print(f"Retrieval Status: {urlMetadata['urlRetrievalStatus']}")
+    """)
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()
+    demonstrate_direct_usage()

examples/python/processes/advanced-workflow-patterns.py

@@ -0,0 +1,282 @@
+"""
+Advanced Workflow Patterns Example
+
+This example demonstrates sophisticated workflow orchestration patterns including
+conditional routing, decision trees, loops, and complex multi-agent coordination.
+
+Features demonstrated:
+- Advanced workflow patterns with conditional routing
+- Decision trees and dynamic task routing
+- Loop-based processing with exit conditions
+- Complex agent coordination and handoffs
+- State-based workflow management
+"""
+
+from praisonaiagents import Agent, Task, PraisonAIAgents
+from praisonaiagents.tools import duckduckgo
+import random
+
+# Create specialized agents for complex workflow
+intake_agent = Agent(
+    name="IntakeAgent",
+    role="Request Intake Specialist",
+    goal="Classify and route incoming requests to appropriate specialists",
+    backstory="You are an intake specialist who categorizes requests and determines the appropriate workflow path.",
+    instructions="Analyze incoming requests and categorize them by type (research, analysis, technical, creative) and complexity (low, medium, high)."
+)
+
+research_agent = Agent(
+    name="ResearchAgent", 
+    role="Research Specialist",
+    goal="Conduct comprehensive research on assigned topics",
+    backstory="You are a research specialist who gathers and analyzes information from various sources.",
+    tools=[duckduckgo],
+    instructions="Conduct thorough research using available tools. Provide detailed findings with sources."
+)
+
+analysis_agent = Agent(
+    name="AnalysisAgent",
+    role="Data Analysis Expert",
+    goal="Analyze data and provide insights",
+    backstory="You are a data analysis expert who identifies patterns, trends, and actionable insights.",
+    instructions="Analyze provided data to identify key insights, trends, and recommendations."
+)
+
+technical_agent = Agent(
+    name="TechnicalAgent",
+    role="Technical Solutions Specialist", 
+    goal="Provide technical solutions and implementations",
+    backstory="You are a technical specialist who designs and implements technical solutions.",
+    instructions="Provide detailed technical solutions with implementation guidance and best practices."
+)
+
+creative_agent = Agent(
+    name="CreativeAgent",
+    role="Creative Content Specialist",
+    goal="Create engaging and creative content",
+    backstory="You are a creative specialist who develops engaging content and innovative solutions.",
+    instructions="Create original, engaging content that meets the specified requirements."
+)
+
+review_agent = Agent(
+    name="ReviewAgent",
+    role="Quality Review Specialist",
+    goal="Review work quality and provide feedback",
+    backstory="You are a quality reviewer who ensures all work meets high standards.",
+    instructions="Review completed work for quality, accuracy, and completeness. Provide specific feedback."
+)
+
+coordinator_agent = Agent(
+    name="CoordinatorAgent",
+    role="Workflow Coordinator",
+    goal="Coordinate complex workflows and manage handoffs",
+    backstory="You are a workflow coordinator who manages complex multi-agent processes.",
+    instructions="Coordinate workflow execution, manage handoffs between agents, and ensure successful completion."
+)
+
+# Define workflow state management
+workflow_state = {
+    "request_count": 0,
+    "completed_tasks": [],
+    "active_workflows": [],
+    "quality_threshold": 0.8
+}
+
+# Simulate incoming requests of different types
+sample_requests = [
+    {
+        "id": "REQ001",
+        "type": "market_research", 
+        "description": "Research emerging trends in sustainable technology",
+        "complexity": "medium",
+        "priority": "high"
+    },
+    {
+        "id": "REQ002",
+        "type": "technical_solution",
+        "description": "Design architecture for distributed AI system",
+        "complexity": "high", 
+        "priority": "medium"
+    },
+    {
+        "id": "REQ003",
+        "type": "creative_content",
+        "description": "Create marketing campaign for new product launch",
+        "complexity": "medium",
+        "priority": "high"
+    },
+    {
+        "id": "REQ004",
+        "type": "data_analysis",
+        "description": "Analyze customer behavior patterns from sales data",
+        "complexity": "low",
+        "priority": "low"
+    }
+]
+
+# Process each request through the advanced workflow
+for request in sample_requests:
+    print(f"\n{'='*80}")
+    print(f"PROCESSING REQUEST {request['id']}: {request['type'].upper()}")
+    print(f"Description: {request['description']}")
+    print(f"Complexity: {request['complexity']} | Priority: {request['priority']}")
+    print(f"{'='*80}")
+    
+    workflow_state["request_count"] += 1
+    workflow_state["active_workflows"].append(request["id"])
+    
+    # Step 1: Intake and Classification
+    intake_task = Task(
+        name=f"intake_{request['id']}",
+        description=f"Classify and route this request: {request['description']} (Type: {request['type']}, Complexity: {request['complexity']})",
+        expected_output="Request classification with recommended workflow path and agent assignment",
+        agent=intake_agent
+    )
+    
+    # Step 2: Route to appropriate specialist based on type
+    if request['type'] == 'market_research':
+        specialist_agent = research_agent
+        specialist_task_desc = f"Conduct comprehensive market research on: {request['description']}"
+    elif request['type'] == 'technical_solution':
+        specialist_agent = technical_agent
+        specialist_task_desc = f"Design technical solution for: {request['description']}"
+    elif request['type'] == 'creative_content':
+        specialist_agent = creative_agent
+        specialist_task_desc = f"Create creative content for: {request['description']}"
+    elif request['type'] == 'data_analysis':
+        specialist_agent = analysis_agent
+        specialist_task_desc = f"Analyze data for: {request['description']}"
+    else:
+        specialist_agent = research_agent  # Default fallback
+        specialist_task_desc = f"Process request: {request['description']}"
+    
+    specialist_task = Task(
+        name=f"specialist_{request['id']}",
+        description=specialist_task_desc,
+        expected_output="Comprehensive response addressing the request requirements",
+        agent=specialist_agent,
+        context=[intake_task]
+    )
+    
+    # Step 3: Quality Review with conditional routing
+    review_task = Task(
+        name=f"review_{request['id']}",
+        description=f"Review the quality of work completed for request {request['id']}. Assess if it meets standards or needs revision.",
+        expected_output="Quality assessment with pass/fail decision and specific feedback",
+        agent=review_agent,
+        context=[intake_task, specialist_task],
+        
+        # Conditional routing based on quality
+        task_type="decision",
+        condition={
+            "approved": [f"finalization_{request['id']}"],  # If approved, finalize
+            "needs_revision": [f"revision_{request['id']}"],  # If needs work, revise
+            "needs_escalation": [f"escalation_{request['id']}"]  # If complex, escalate
+        }
+    )
+    
+    # Step 4a: Revision Task (conditional)
+    revision_task = Task(
+        name=f"revision_{request['id']}",
+        description=f"Revise the work based on quality review feedback for request {request['id']}",
+        expected_output="Revised work addressing quality review feedback",
+        agent=specialist_agent,
+        context=[specialist_task, review_task]
+    )
+    
+    # Step 4b: Escalation Task (conditional)
+    escalation_task = Task(
+        name=f"escalation_{request['id']}",
+        description=f"Handle escalated request {request['id']} requiring additional expertise or coordination",
+        expected_output="Escalated response with enhanced solution approach",
+        agent=coordinator_agent,
+        context=[intake_task, specialist_task, review_task]
+    )
+    
+    # Step 5: Finalization and Coordination
+    finalization_task = Task(
+        name=f"finalization_{request['id']}",
+        description=f"Finalize and package the completed work for request {request['id']}",
+        expected_output="Final deliverable package with summary and next steps",
+        agent=coordinator_agent,
+        context=[intake_task, specialist_task, review_task]
+    )
+    
+    # Execute the workflow with conditional routing
+    workflow_agents = PraisonAIAgents(
+        agents=[
+            intake_agent, specialist_agent, review_agent, 
+            coordinator_agent
+        ],
+        tasks=[
+            intake_task, specialist_task, review_task,
+            revision_task,      # Conditional
+            escalation_task,    # Conditional  
+            finalization_task
+        ],
+        process="workflow",  # Use workflow process for conditional execution
+        verbose=True
+    )
+    
+    print(f"Executing advanced workflow for {request['id']}...")
+    result = workflow_agents.start()
+    
+    # Update workflow state
+    workflow_state["completed_tasks"].append(request["id"])
+    workflow_state["active_workflows"].remove(request["id"])
+    
+    # Simulate quality scoring
+    quality_score = random.uniform(0.75, 0.95)
+    
+    print(f"✅ Request {request['id']} completed with quality score: {quality_score:.2f}")
+    print(f"📋 Result preview: {str(result)[:150]}...")
+    
+    # Loop control - if we have processed enough requests, demonstrate loop exit
+    if workflow_state["request_count"] >= 2:
+        print(f"\n🔄 WORKFLOW LOOP CONTROL: Processed {workflow_state['request_count']} requests")
+        print("Checking if we should continue or exit based on workflow state...")
+        
+        # Example loop control logic
+        if workflow_state["request_count"] >= 4:
+            print("📊 Batch processing complete. Exiting workflow loop.")
+            break
+        else:
+            print("📈 Continuing with next request in the batch...")
+
+# Advanced Workflow Analytics and Summary
+print(f"\n{'='*80}")
+print("ADVANCED WORKFLOW PATTERNS SUMMARY")
+print(f"{'='*80}")
+
+print(f"📊 Workflow Statistics:")
+print(f"- Total Requests Processed: {workflow_state['request_count']}")
+print(f"- Completed Tasks: {len(workflow_state['completed_tasks'])}")
+print(f"- Active Workflows: {len(workflow_state['active_workflows'])}")
+
+print(f"\n🔀 Workflow Patterns Demonstrated:")
+print("- Dynamic request classification and routing")
+print("- Conditional task execution based on quality review")
+print("- Multi-path workflows (approval/revision/escalation)")
+print("- State-based workflow management")
+print("- Loop control with exit conditions")
+print("- Agent specialization and handoffs")
+
+print(f"\n⚙️ Advanced Features Used:")
+print("- Workflow process type with conditional routing")
+print("- Decision tasks with multiple outcome paths")
+print("- Context passing between related tasks")
+print("- State management across workflow iterations")
+print("- Quality-based routing decisions")
+print("- Scalable agent coordination patterns")
+
+print(f"\n🎯 Production Benefits:")
+print("- Handles complex, multi-step business processes")
+print("- Automatically routes work to appropriate specialists")
+print("- Implements quality gates and revision loops")
+print("- Scales to handle multiple concurrent workflows")
+print("- Provides visibility into workflow state and progress")
+print("- Enables sophisticated business process automation")
+
+print(f"\n{'='*80}")
+print("ADVANCED WORKFLOW DEMONSTRATION COMPLETED")
+print(f"{'='*80}")

examples/python/processes/hierarchical-process-example.py

@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+"""
+Hierarchical Process Example
+
+This example demonstrates how to create a hierarchical process where a manager agent
+delegates tasks to specialized worker agents. The manager orchestrates the workflow
+and each specialized agent performs their specific tasks.
+
+Features demonstrated:
+- Hierarchical agent structure with manager and workers  
+- Task delegation and coordination
+- Specialized agent roles with different capabilities
+- Process-level orchestration
+"""
+
+from praisonaiagents import Agent, Task, PraisonAIAgents
+from praisonaiagents.tools import duckduckgo
+
+# Create Manager Agent
+manager = Agent(
+    name="Manager",
+    role="Project Manager",
+    goal="Coordinate research and analysis tasks among specialized agents",
+    backstory="You are an experienced project manager who delegates tasks to specialized team members and synthesizes their work into a comprehensive report.",
+    instructions="You coordinate tasks between researchers and analysts. Delegate research to the researcher, data analysis to the analyst, and writing to the writer."
+)
+
+# Create Specialized Worker Agents
+researcher = Agent(
+    name="Researcher", 
+    role="Senior Researcher",
+    goal="Conduct thorough research on given topics",
+    backstory="You are a senior researcher with expertise in gathering and analyzing information from various sources.",
+    tools=[duckduckgo],
+    instructions="Conduct comprehensive research using web search. Provide detailed, factual information with sources."
+)
+
+data_analyst = Agent(
+    name="DataAnalyst",
+    role="Data Analyst", 
+    goal="Analyze trends and patterns in research data",
+    backstory="You are a skilled data analyst who can identify trends, patterns, and insights from research data.",
+    instructions="Analyze research data to identify key trends, patterns, and actionable insights. Provide data-driven conclusions."
+)
+
+writer = Agent(
+    name="Writer",
+    role="Technical Writer",
+    goal="Create well-structured reports and documentation", 
+    backstory="You are a technical writer who excels at creating clear, comprehensive reports from research and analysis.",
+    instructions="Create well-structured, professional reports that synthesize research findings and analysis into actionable insights."
+)
+
+# Define Hierarchical Tasks
+research_task = Task(
+    name="research_task",
+    description="Research the latest trends in artificial intelligence and machine learning for business applications",
+    expected_output="Comprehensive research report with current AI/ML trends, key players, and business applications",
+    agent=researcher
+)
+
+analysis_task = Task(
+    name="analysis_task", 
+    description="Analyze the research findings to identify the most promising AI/ML trends for business adoption",
+    expected_output="Analysis report highlighting top 5 AI/ML trends with business impact assessment",
+    agent=data_analyst,
+    context=[research_task]  # Depends on research task
+)
+
+writing_task = Task(
+    name="writing_task",
+    description="Create a final executive summary combining research and analysis into actionable business recommendations",
+    expected_output="Executive summary with strategic recommendations for AI/ML adoption",
+    agent=writer,
+    context=[research_task, analysis_task]  # Depends on both previous tasks
+)
+
+coordination_task = Task(
+    name="coordination_task",
+    description="Oversee the entire research project, ensure quality and coordination between all team members",
+    expected_output="Project oversight report confirming successful completion and quality of all deliverables",
+    agent=manager,
+    context=[research_task, analysis_task, writing_task]  # Oversees all tasks
+)
+
+# Create Hierarchical Process
+agents = PraisonAIAgents(
+    agents=[manager, researcher, data_analyst, writer],
+    tasks=[research_task, analysis_task, writing_task, coordination_task],
+    process="hierarchical",  # Hierarchical process type
+    verbose=True
+)
+
+# Execute Hierarchical Process
+result = agents.start()
+
+print("\n" + "="*50)
+print("HIERARCHICAL PROCESS COMPLETED")
+print("="*50)
+print(f"Final Result:\n{result}")

examples/python/session/SESSION_MEMORY_FIX_REVIEW.md

@@ -0,0 +1,186 @@
+# Session Memory Persistence Fix - Implementation Review
+
+## Issue Summary
+**GitHub Issue**: [#930](https://github.com/MervinPraison/PraisonAI/issues/930)  
+**Problem**: Session memory does not persist across sessions - agents lose conversational memory after session restore
+
+## Root Cause Analysis
+The issue occurred because:
+1. Agent's `chat_history` attribute was not being persisted to session memory
+2. When a new Agent was created in a restored session, it started with an empty `chat_history = []`
+3. The Session's memory system and Agent's memory system were separate - no integration for chat history persistence
+
+## Solution Implementation
+
+### Changes Made to `session.py`
+
+#### 1. Added Agent Tracking (`_agents` dictionary)
+```python
+self._agents = {}  # Track agents and their chat histories
+```
+- Tracks all agents created in the session along with their chat histories
+- Uses agent key format: `{name}:{role}` for unique identification
+
+#### 2. Enhanced `Agent()` method
+```python
+def Agent(self, name: str, role: str = "Assistant", ...):
+    # ... existing code ...
+    agent = Agent(**agent_kwargs)
+    
+    # Create a unique key for this agent (using name and role)
+    agent_key = f"{name}:{role}"
+    
+    # Restore chat history if it exists from previous sessions
+    if agent_key in self._agents:
+        agent.chat_history = self._agents[agent_key].get("chat_history", [])
+    else:
+        # Try to restore from memory for backward compatibility
+        restored_history = self._restore_agent_chat_history(agent_key)
+        if restored_history:
+            agent.chat_history = restored_history
+    
+    # Track the agent
+    self._agents[agent_key] = {"agent": agent, "chat_history": agent.chat_history}
+    
+    return agent
+```
+
+#### 3. Added Helper Methods
+
+**`_restore_agent_chat_history(agent_key: str)`**
+- Restores individual agent chat history from memory
+- Searches short-term memory for agent-specific chat history
+- Returns list of chat messages or empty list if not found
+
+**`_restore_agent_chat_histories()`**
+- Restores all agent chat histories for the session
+- Called automatically during `restore_state()`
+- Populates `_agents` dictionary with saved chat histories
+
+**`_save_agent_chat_histories()`**
+- Saves all agent chat histories to memory
+- Called automatically during `save_state()`
+- Stores chat history with metadata for later retrieval
+
+#### 4. Enhanced State Management
+
+**Modified `save_state()`**:
+```python
+def save_state(self, state_data: Dict[str, Any]) -> None:
+    # Save agent chat histories first
+    self._save_agent_chat_histories()
+    
+    # Save session state
+    # ... existing code ...
+```
+
+**Modified `restore_state()`**:
+```python
+def restore_state(self) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+    # Restore agent chat histories first
+    self._restore_agent_chat_histories()
+    
+    # ... existing code ...
+```
+
+## Key Features
+
+### ✅ Backward Compatibility
+- All existing Session API methods remain unchanged
+- Existing code continues to work without modifications
+- No breaking changes to method signatures
+
+### ✅ Automatic Persistence
+- Chat history is automatically saved when `save_state()` is called
+- Chat history is automatically restored when `restore_state()` is called
+- No additional API calls required from user code
+
+### ✅ Agent-Specific Tracking
+- Each agent's chat history is tracked separately
+- Agent identification uses `{name}:{role}` format
+- Multiple agents in the same session are handled correctly
+
+### ✅ Minimal Code Changes
+- Only modified the Session class
+- No changes to Agent class required
+- Total addition: ~90 lines of code
+
+## Usage Example
+
+The fix enables the exact usage pattern described in the issue:
+
+```python
+from praisonaiagents import Session
+
+# Create a session with ID
+session = Session(session_id="chat_123", user_id="user_456")
+
+agent = session.Agent(
+    name="Assistant",
+    instructions="You are a helpful assistant with memory.",
+    llm="gemini/gemini-2.5-flash-lite-preview-06-17",
+    memory=True
+)
+
+# Agent remembers within session
+response1 = agent.chat("My name is John")  # Agent learns the name
+response2 = agent.chat("What's my name?")  # Agent responds: "Your name is John"
+
+# Save session state (now includes chat history)
+session.save_state({"conversation_topic": "Names"})
+
+# Create new session and restore (chat history is restored)
+anotherSession = Session(session_id="chat_123")
+anotherSession.restore_state()
+
+anotherAgent = anotherSession.Agent(
+    name="Assistant",
+    instructions="You are a helpful assistant with memory.",
+    llm="gemini/gemini-2.5-flash-lite-preview-06-17",
+    memory=True
+)
+
+# Agent now remembers from previous session
+response3 = anotherAgent.chat("What's my name?")  # Agent responds: "Your name is John"
+```
+
+## Testing Strategy
+
+### Code Compilation
+- ✅ `session.py` compiles without syntax errors
+- ✅ All method signatures are valid
+
+### Interface Validation
+- ✅ All new methods are properly defined
+- ✅ Existing methods remain unchanged
+- ✅ Type hints are correct
+
+### Logic Validation (via code review)
+- ✅ Agent tracking logic is sound
+- ✅ Memory persistence logic is correct
+- ✅ Session restoration logic is comprehensive
+- ✅ Error handling is appropriate
+
+## Risk Assessment
+
+### Low Risk Changes
+- Only modified Session class (isolated change)
+- Used existing memory infrastructure
+- Backward compatible implementation
+- Graceful degradation for edge cases
+
+### Edge Cases Handled
+- Remote sessions (chat history persistence disabled)
+- Empty chat histories (no unnecessary storage)
+- Agent recreation (proper history restoration)
+- Missing memory data (empty list fallback)
+
+## Deployment Recommendation
+
+This fix can be safely deployed because:
+1. **Zero breaking changes** - existing code continues to work
+2. **Minimal code footprint** - only Session class modified
+3. **Uses existing infrastructure** - leverages current memory system
+4. **Comprehensive error handling** - graceful fallbacks for edge cases
+
+The implementation solves the reported issue while maintaining full backward compatibility and following the existing codebase patterns.

examples/python/sessions/comprehensive-session-management.py

@@ -0,0 +1,250 @@
+"""
+Comprehensive Session Management Example
+
+This example demonstrates advanced session management capabilities including
+session persistence, recovery, state management, and multi-session coordination.
+
+Features demonstrated:
+- Session creation and persistence
+- State management across sessions
+- Session recovery after interruption
+- Multi-user session coordination
+- Session-specific memory and knowledge
+"""
+
+from praisonaiagents import Agent, Task, PraisonAIAgents
+from praisonaiagents.session import Session
+from praisonaiagents.tools import duckduckgo
+import tempfile
+import os
+import json
+
+# Create a temporary directory for session storage
+session_dir = tempfile.mkdtemp()
+print(f"Session storage directory: {session_dir}")
+
+# Create agents for session-based workflows
+research_agent = Agent(
+    name="SessionResearcher",
+    role="Research Specialist",
+    goal="Conduct research while maintaining session context",
+    backstory="You are a research specialist who maintains context across multiple sessions and can resume work from where you left off.",
+    tools=[duckduckgo],
+    instructions="Conduct thorough research and maintain awareness of previous session context when available."
+)
+
+analysis_agent = Agent(
+    name="SessionAnalyst", 
+    role="Data Analyst",
+    goal="Analyze data while preserving session state",
+    backstory="You are a data analyst who can maintain analysis context across sessions and build upon previous work.",
+    instructions="Analyze research data and build upon any previous analysis from earlier sessions."
+)
+
+# Session 1: Initial Research Session
+print("="*70)
+print("SESSION 1: INITIAL RESEARCH SESSION")
+print("="*70)
+
+# Create first session
+session1 = Session(
+    session_id="research_project_001",
+    user_id="user_researcher_01",
+    storage_path=session_dir
+)
+
+# Create initial research task
+research_task1 = Task(
+    name="initial_research",
+    description="Research the latest trends in sustainable technology for manufacturing",
+    expected_output="Comprehensive research report on sustainable manufacturing technology trends",
+    agent=research_agent
+)
+
+# Create agents with session
+agents_session1 = PraisonAIAgents(
+    agents=[research_agent],
+    tasks=[research_task1],
+    session=session1,
+    verbose=True
+)
+
+# Execute first session
+print("Starting initial research session...")
+result1 = agents_session1.start()
+
+# Save session state
+session1.save()
+print(f"Session 1 completed and saved. Result preview: {str(result1)[:200]}...")
+
+# Session 2: Analysis Session (same user, continuation)
+print("\n" + "="*70)
+print("SESSION 2: ANALYSIS SESSION (CONTINUING WORK)")
+print("="*70)
+
+# Create second session for analysis
+session2 = Session(
+    session_id="research_project_002", 
+    user_id="user_researcher_01",  # Same user
+    storage_path=session_dir
+)
+
+# Load previous session context (simulating session recovery)
+# In real usage, you might load from database or persistent storage
+session2.set_state("previous_research_summary", str(result1)[:500])
+
+analysis_task = Task(
+    name="trend_analysis",
+    description="Analyze the research findings to identify the top 5 most promising sustainable manufacturing technologies",
+    expected_output="Analysis report with top 5 sustainable manufacturing technologies and their potential impact",
+    agent=analysis_agent,
+    # Pass context from previous session
+    context_variables={"previous_research": str(result1)}
+)
+
+agents_session2 = PraisonAIAgents(
+    agents=[analysis_agent],
+    tasks=[analysis_task], 
+    session=session2,
+    verbose=True
+)
+
+print("Starting analysis session with previous context...")
+result2 = agents_session2.start()
+
+# Save session state
+session2.save()
+print(f"Session 2 completed and saved. Result preview: {str(result2)[:200]}...")
+
+# Session 3: Recovery Demonstration
+print("\n" + "="*70)
+print("SESSION 3: RECOVERY DEMONSTRATION")
+print("="*70)
+
+# Simulate session recovery after interruption
+recovery_session = Session(
+    session_id="research_project_recovery",
+    user_id="user_researcher_01",
+    storage_path=session_dir
+)
+
+# Load state from previous sessions
+recovery_session.set_state("research_summary", str(result1)[:300])
+recovery_session.set_state("analysis_summary", str(result2)[:300])
+
+# Create a synthesis task that uses recovered session state
+synthesis_agent = Agent(
+    name="SynthesisAgent",
+    role="Research Synthesizer", 
+    goal="Synthesize research and analysis into actionable recommendations",
+    backstory="You synthesize research and analysis from multiple sessions into comprehensive recommendations.",
+    instructions="Use the session context to create comprehensive recommendations based on all previous work."
+)
+
+synthesis_task = Task(
+    name="synthesis_report",
+    description="Create a comprehensive synthesis report with actionable recommendations based on all previous research and analysis",
+    expected_output="Executive synthesis report with strategic recommendations",
+    agent=synthesis_agent,
+    # Access session state
+    context_variables={
+        "research_context": recovery_session.get_state("research_summary"),
+        "analysis_context": recovery_session.get_state("analysis_summary")
+    }
+)
+
+agents_recovery = PraisonAIAgents(
+    agents=[synthesis_agent],
+    tasks=[synthesis_task],
+    session=recovery_session,
+    verbose=True
+)
+
+print("Starting recovery session with full context from previous sessions...")
+result3 = agents_recovery.start()
+
+# Save final session
+recovery_session.save()
+print(f"Recovery session completed. Result preview: {str(result3)[:200]}...")
+
+# Session 4: Multi-User Coordination Demo
+print("\n" + "="*70) 
+print("SESSION 4: MULTI-USER COORDINATION DEMO")
+print("="*70)
+
+# Create sessions for different users working on the same project
+reviewer_session = Session(
+    session_id="peer_review_001",
+    user_id="user_reviewer_01",  # Different user
+    storage_path=session_dir
+)
+
+# Reviewer can access shared project context
+reviewer_session.set_state("shared_research", str(result1)[:400])
+reviewer_session.set_state("shared_analysis", str(result2)[:400])
+reviewer_session.set_state("shared_synthesis", str(result3)[:400])
+
+review_agent = Agent(
+    name="PeerReviewer",
+    role="Research Peer Reviewer",
+    goal="Provide expert peer review of research, analysis, and synthesis",
+    backstory="You are a peer reviewer who evaluates research quality and provides constructive feedback.",
+    instructions="Review all provided work and provide constructive feedback with specific suggestions for improvement."
+)
+
+review_task = Task(
+    name="peer_review",
+    description="Conduct peer review of the research project including research, analysis, and synthesis phases",
+    expected_output="Comprehensive peer review with specific feedback and recommendations for improvement",
+    agent=review_agent,
+    context_variables={
+        "research_to_review": reviewer_session.get_state("shared_research"),
+        "analysis_to_review": reviewer_session.get_state("shared_analysis"), 
+        "synthesis_to_review": reviewer_session.get_state("shared_synthesis")
+    }
+)
+
+agents_reviewer = PraisonAIAgents(
+    agents=[review_agent],
+    tasks=[review_task],
+    session=reviewer_session,
+    verbose=True
+)
+
+print("Starting peer review session by different user...")
+result4 = agents_reviewer.start()
+
+# Save reviewer session
+reviewer_session.save()
+print(f"Peer review session completed. Result preview: {str(result4)[:200]}...")
+
+# Session Summary and Cleanup
+print("\n" + "="*80)
+print("SESSION MANAGEMENT DEMONSTRATION SUMMARY")
+print("="*80)
+
+# Display session information
+print("Sessions created:")
+print(f"1. Research Session (ID: research_project_001, User: user_researcher_01)")
+print(f"2. Analysis Session (ID: research_project_002, User: user_researcher_01)")  
+print(f"3. Recovery Session (ID: research_project_recovery, User: user_researcher_01)")
+print(f"4. Review Session (ID: peer_review_001, User: user_reviewer_01)")
+
+print("\nSession capabilities demonstrated:")
+print("- Session persistence and state management")
+print("- Context passing between sessions")
+print("- Session recovery after interruption")
+print("- Multi-user session coordination")
+print("- State sharing across different users")
+print("- Session-specific task execution")
+
+# List session files created
+session_files = [f for f in os.listdir(session_dir) if f.endswith('.json')]
+print(f"\nSession files created: {len(session_files)}")
+for file in session_files:
+    print(f"  - {file}")
+
+# Cleanup
+import shutil
+shutil.rmtree(session_dir)
+print(f"\nCleanup completed. Temporary session directory removed.")

examples/python/tasks/advanced-task-management.py

@@ -0,0 +1,236 @@
+"""
+Advanced Task Management Example
+
+This example demonstrates sophisticated task management including conditional execution,
+validation feedback loops, dynamic task routing, and complex task dependencies.
+
+Features demonstrated:
+- Conditional task execution based on results
+- Validation feedback loops with retry mechanisms  
+- Dynamic task routing and decision trees
+- Complex task dependencies and context passing
+- Quality assurance workflows
+"""
+
+from praisonaiagents import Agent, Task, PraisonAIAgents
+from praisonaiagents.task import TaskOutput
+from praisonaiagents.tools import duckduckgo
+from typing import Tuple, Any
+import json
+
+# Define validation functions for task outputs
+def data_quality_validator(task_output: TaskOutput) -> Tuple[bool, Any]:
+    """
+    Validates data quality and completeness for research tasks.
+    """
+    output_text = str(task_output.raw).lower()
+    
+    # Check for key quality indicators
+    quality_indicators = [
+        'source', 'data', 'research', 'study', 'analysis',
+        'findings', 'results', 'conclusion', 'evidence'
+    ]
+    
+    found_indicators = sum(1 for indicator in quality_indicators if indicator in output_text)
+    
+    if found_indicators >= 4:  # Require at least 4 quality indicators
+        return True, task_output
+    else:
+        return False, f"Data quality insufficient. Found {found_indicators} quality indicators but need at least 4. Please include more research sources, data analysis, and evidence."
+
+def completeness_validator(task_output: TaskOutput) -> Tuple[bool, Any]:
+    """
+    Validates that the analysis is complete and comprehensive.
+    """
+    output_text = str(task_output.raw)
+    word_count = len(output_text.split())
+    
+    # Check for completeness indicators
+    has_introduction = 'introduction' in output_text.lower() or output_text.startswith(('In ', 'The ', 'This '))
+    has_conclusion = any(word in output_text.lower() for word in ['conclusion', 'summary', 'in summary', 'to conclude'])
+    sufficient_length = word_count >= 100
+    
+    if has_introduction and has_conclusion and sufficient_length:
+        return True, task_output
+    else:
+        missing = []
+        if not has_introduction:
+            missing.append("proper introduction")
+        if not has_conclusion:
+            missing.append("conclusion or summary")
+        if not sufficient_length:
+            missing.append(f"sufficient detail (need 100+ words, found {word_count})")
+        
+        return False, f"Analysis incomplete. Missing: {', '.join(missing)}. Please provide a more comprehensive response."
+
+# Create specialized agents for the workflow
+research_agent = Agent(
+    name="ResearchAgent",
+    role="Senior Research Analyst",
+    goal="Conduct comprehensive research and gather high-quality data",
+    backstory="You are a senior research analyst with expertise in data collection and analysis.",
+    tools=[duckduckgo],
+    instructions="Conduct thorough research using multiple sources. Provide detailed findings with proper citations and data analysis."
+)
+
+quality_checker = Agent(
+    name="QualityChecker", 
+    role="Quality Assurance Specialist",
+    goal="Validate research quality and completeness",
+    backstory="You are a QA specialist who ensures all research meets high standards of quality and completeness.",
+    instructions="Review research outputs for quality, accuracy, and completeness. Provide specific feedback for improvements."
+)
+
+analyst = Agent(
+    name="DataAnalyst",
+    role="Data Analysis Expert", 
+    goal="Analyze research data and identify key insights",
+    backstory="You are a data analysis expert who can identify patterns, trends, and actionable insights from research data.",
+    instructions="Analyze research data to identify key trends, patterns, and strategic insights. Provide data-driven recommendations."
+)
+
+decision_maker = Agent(
+    name="DecisionMaker",
+    role="Strategic Decision Maker",
+    goal="Make strategic decisions based on analysis results",
+    backstory="You are a strategic decision maker who evaluates analysis results and determines next steps.",
+    instructions="Review analysis results and make strategic decisions about whether to proceed, modify approach, or conduct additional research."
+)
+
+report_writer = Agent(
+    name="ReportWriter",
+    role="Executive Report Writer",
+    goal="Create comprehensive executive reports",
+    backstory="You are an executive report writer who synthesizes research and analysis into actionable business reports.",
+    instructions="Create comprehensive executive reports that synthesize research findings and analysis into clear, actionable recommendations."
+)
+
+# Define conditional task execution workflow
+
+# Initial research task with quality validation
+initial_research = Task(
+    name="initial_research",
+    description="Research the current state of renewable energy adoption in the business sector, including trends, challenges, and opportunities",
+    expected_output="Comprehensive research report on renewable energy adoption in business",
+    agent=research_agent,
+    guardrail=data_quality_validator,
+    max_retries=3
+)
+
+# Quality check task - conditional on research quality
+quality_check = Task(
+    name="quality_assessment",
+    description="Assess the quality and completeness of the research findings. Determine if additional research is needed.",
+    expected_output="Quality assessment report with go/no-go decision for proceeding to analysis",
+    agent=quality_checker,
+    context=[initial_research],
+    guardrail=completeness_validator,
+    max_retries=2
+)
+
+# Conditional task - only execute if quality check passes
+data_analysis = Task(
+    name="data_analysis",
+    description="Analyze the research data to identify key trends, market opportunities, and strategic recommendations for renewable energy adoption",
+    expected_output="Strategic analysis with key insights and recommendations",
+    agent=analyst,
+    context=[initial_research, quality_check],
+    
+    # Conditional execution based on quality check
+    task_type="decision",
+    condition={
+        "proceed": ["final_report"],  # If analysis is good, proceed to final report
+        "needs_more_research": ["additional_research"],  # If needs more data, do additional research
+        "insufficient_data": []  # If data is insufficient, stop workflow
+    }
+)
+
+# Additional research task (conditional execution)
+additional_research = Task(
+    name="additional_research", 
+    description="Conduct additional targeted research to fill gaps identified in the quality assessment",
+    expected_output="Supplementary research addressing identified gaps",
+    agent=research_agent,
+    context=[initial_research, quality_check],
+    tools=[duckduckgo],
+    guardrail=data_quality_validator,
+    max_retries=2
+)
+
+# Decision point task
+decision_task = Task(
+    name="strategic_decision",
+    description="Based on all available research and analysis, make a strategic decision about renewable energy investment recommendations",
+    expected_output="Strategic decision with clear reasoning and recommended next steps",
+    agent=decision_maker,
+    context=[initial_research, quality_check, data_analysis],
+    
+    # This task determines the workflow path
+    task_type="decision",
+    condition={
+        "high_confidence": ["final_report"],
+        "medium_confidence": ["risk_analysis"], 
+        "low_confidence": ["additional_research"]
+    }
+)
+
+# Risk analysis task (conditional)
+risk_analysis = Task(
+    name="risk_analysis",
+    description="Conduct detailed risk analysis for renewable energy investment recommendations",
+    expected_output="Comprehensive risk assessment with mitigation strategies",
+    agent=analyst,
+    context=[initial_research, data_analysis, decision_task]
+)
+
+# Final report task
+final_report = Task(
+    name="final_report",
+    description="Create a comprehensive executive report synthesizing all research, analysis, and strategic recommendations",
+    expected_output="Executive report with strategic recommendations for renewable energy adoption",
+    agent=report_writer,
+    context=[initial_research, quality_check, data_analysis, decision_task],
+    guardrail=completeness_validator,
+    max_retries=2
+)
+
+# Create workflow with conditional execution
+workflow = PraisonAIAgents(
+    agents=[research_agent, quality_checker, analyst, decision_maker, report_writer],
+    tasks=[
+        initial_research, 
+        quality_check, 
+        data_analysis, 
+        additional_research,  # Conditional
+        decision_task,
+        risk_analysis,        # Conditional
+        final_report
+    ],
+    process="workflow",  # Use workflow process for conditional execution
+    verbose=True
+)
+
+print("="*80)
+print("EXECUTING ADVANCED TASK MANAGEMENT WORKFLOW")
+print("="*80)
+print("This workflow includes:")
+print("- Quality validation with retry mechanisms")
+print("- Conditional task execution based on results")
+print("- Dynamic routing and decision points")
+print("- Complex task dependencies")
+print("="*80)
+
+# Execute the conditional workflow
+result = workflow.start()
+
+print("\n" + "="*80)
+print("ADVANCED TASK MANAGEMENT COMPLETED")
+print("="*80)
+print("This example demonstrated:")
+print("- Conditional task execution based on validation results")
+print("- Quality validation with specific feedback for improvements") 
+print("- Dynamic workflow routing with decision points")
+print("- Complex task dependencies and context passing")
+print("- Retry mechanisms with iterative improvement")
+print("- Multi-stage validation and quality assurance")
+print(f"\nFinal Result Summary:\n{result}")

examples/python/telemetry/production-telemetry-example.py

@@ -0,0 +1,286 @@
+"""
+Production Telemetry Example
+
+This example demonstrates comprehensive telemetry and monitoring setup for
+production AI agent systems, including metrics collection, performance tracking,
+and observability.
+
+Features demonstrated:
+- OpenTelemetry integration for distributed tracing
+- Custom metrics collection and monitoring
+- Performance tracking and analytics
+- Error tracking and alerting
+- Usage analytics and reporting
+"""
+
+from praisonaiagents import Agent, Task, PraisonAIAgents
+from praisonaiagents.tools import duckduckgo
+from praisonaiagents.telemetry import enable_telemetry
+import time
+import random
+from datetime import datetime
+
+# Initialize telemetry for production monitoring
+print("="*80)
+print("PRODUCTION TELEMETRY SETUP")
+print("="*80)
+
+# Configure telemetry (in production, you'd use actual telemetry backends)
+telemetry = enable_telemetry(
+    backend="opentelemetry",
+    config={
+        "service_name": "praisonai_production_agents",
+        "service_version": "1.0.0",
+        "environment": "production",
+        "export_console": True,  # For demo purposes
+        "export_file": True,     # Export to file for analysis
+        "sample_rate": 1.0,      # 100% sampling for demo
+        "attributes": {
+            "deployment": "cloud",
+            "region": "us-east-1",
+            "cluster": "main"
+        }
+    }
+)
+
+# Create agents for production workflow with telemetry
+customer_service_agent = Agent(
+    name="CustomerServiceAgent",
+    role="Customer Service Representative", 
+    goal="Provide excellent customer service with fast response times",
+    backstory="You are a customer service representative focused on resolving customer issues quickly and effectively.",
+    tools=[duckduckgo],
+    instructions="Provide helpful, accurate customer service responses. Research solutions when needed."
+)
+
+technical_support_agent = Agent(
+    name="TechnicalSupportAgent",
+    role="Technical Support Specialist",
+    goal="Resolve technical issues with detailed solutions",
+    backstory="You are a technical support specialist who provides detailed technical solutions and troubleshooting.",
+    instructions="Provide detailed technical solutions with step-by-step instructions."
+)
+
+quality_assurance_agent = Agent(
+    name="QualityAssuranceAgent", 
+    role="Quality Assurance Specialist",
+    goal="Ensure all customer interactions meet quality standards",
+    backstory="You review and assess the quality of customer service interactions to ensure high standards.",
+    instructions="Review customer service interactions and provide quality scores with detailed feedback."
+)
+
+# Production workflow simulation with telemetry tracking
+def simulate_customer_requests():
+    """Simulate various customer requests for telemetry demonstration"""
+    
+    customer_requests = [
+        {
+            "type": "billing_inquiry",
+            "complexity": "low",
+            "description": "Customer asking about their monthly bill charges",
+            "expected_duration": 30
+        },
+        {
+            "type": "technical_issue", 
+            "complexity": "high",
+            "description": "Customer experiencing connectivity issues with the service",
+            "expected_duration": 120
+        },
+        {
+            "type": "account_setup",
+            "complexity": "medium", 
+            "description": "New customer needs help setting up their account",
+            "expected_duration": 60
+        },
+        {
+            "type": "feature_question",
+            "complexity": "low",
+            "description": "Customer asking about product features and capabilities",
+            "expected_duration": 45
+        }
+    ]
+    
+    return customer_requests
+
+# Execute production workflow with comprehensive telemetry
+print("Starting production workflow with telemetry tracking...")
+
+customer_requests = simulate_customer_requests()
+
+for i, request in enumerate(customer_requests):
+    print(f"\n{'='*60}")
+    print(f"PROCESSING CUSTOMER REQUEST {i+1}: {request['type'].upper()}")
+    print(f"Complexity: {request['complexity']} | Expected Duration: {request['expected_duration']}s")
+    print(f"{'='*60}")
+    
+    # Start telemetry trace for this customer interaction
+    with telemetry.trace_operation(f"customer_request_{request['type']}") as trace:
+        
+        # Add custom attributes to the trace
+        trace.set_attributes({
+            "request.type": request['type'],
+            "request.complexity": request['complexity'],
+            "request.expected_duration": request['expected_duration'],
+            "customer.id": f"customer_{random.randint(1000, 9999)}",
+            "agent.assigned": "CustomerServiceAgent"
+        })
+        
+        start_time = time.time()
+        
+        # Create customer service task with telemetry
+        customer_task = Task(
+            name=f"customer_request_{i+1}",
+            description=request['description'],
+            expected_output="Professional customer service response with solution",
+            agent=customer_service_agent
+        )
+        
+        # Execute with telemetry tracking
+        try:
+            # Customer service response
+            with telemetry.trace_agent_execution("CustomerServiceAgent") as agent_trace:
+                agents = PraisonAIAgents(
+                    agents=[customer_service_agent],
+                    tasks=[customer_task],
+                    verbose=False  # Reduce verbosity for telemetry demo
+                )
+                
+                cs_result = agents.start()
+                agent_trace.set_attributes({
+                    "agent.response_length": len(str(cs_result)),
+                    "agent.tools_used": len(customer_service_agent.tools) if customer_service_agent.tools else 0
+                })
+            
+            # Technical support (if needed for high complexity)
+            if request['complexity'] == 'high':
+                with telemetry.trace_agent_execution("TechnicalSupportAgent") as tech_trace:
+                    tech_task = Task(
+                        name=f"technical_support_{i+1}",
+                        description=f"Provide detailed technical support for: {request['description']}",
+                        expected_output="Detailed technical solution with troubleshooting steps",
+                        agent=technical_support_agent,
+                        context=[customer_task]
+                    )
+                    
+                    tech_agents = PraisonAIAgents(
+                        agents=[technical_support_agent],
+                        tasks=[tech_task],
+                        verbose=False
+                    )
+                    
+                    tech_result = tech_agents.start()
+                    tech_trace.set_attributes({
+                        "agent.response_length": len(str(tech_result)),
+                        "agent.escalation": True
+                    })
+            
+            # Quality assurance check
+            with telemetry.trace_agent_execution("QualityAssuranceAgent") as qa_trace:
+                qa_task = Task(
+                    name=f"quality_check_{i+1}",
+                    description=f"Review the quality of customer service provided for: {request['description']}",
+                    expected_output="Quality assessment score and feedback",
+                    agent=quality_assurance_agent
+                )
+                
+                qa_agents = PraisonAIAgents(
+                    agents=[quality_assurance_agent],
+                    tasks=[qa_task],
+                    verbose=False
+                )
+                
+                qa_result = qa_agents.start()
+                
+                # Extract quality score (simulated)
+                quality_score = random.uniform(0.8, 1.0)  # Simulated score
+                qa_trace.set_attributes({
+                    "qa.score": quality_score,
+                    "qa.passed": quality_score >= 0.85
+                })
+            
+            # Calculate performance metrics
+            end_time = time.time()
+            duration = end_time - start_time
+            
+            # Record custom metrics
+            telemetry.record_metric("request_duration", duration, {
+                "request_type": request['type'],
+                "complexity": request['complexity']
+            })
+            
+            telemetry.record_metric("request_success", 1, {
+                "request_type": request['type']
+            })
+            
+            # Set final trace attributes
+            trace.set_attributes({
+                "request.duration_seconds": duration,
+                "request.status": "completed",
+                "request.quality_score": quality_score,
+                "request.escalated": request['complexity'] == 'high'
+            })
+            
+            print(f"✅ Request completed successfully in {duration:.2f}s (Quality: {quality_score:.2f})")
+            
+        except Exception as e:
+            # Record error metrics
+            telemetry.record_metric("request_error", 1, {
+                "request_type": request['type'],
+                "error_type": type(e).__name__
+            })
+            
+            trace.set_attributes({
+                "request.status": "error",
+                "request.error": str(e)
+            })
+            
+            print(f"❌ Request failed: {str(e)}")
+    
+    # Add some delay between requests
+    time.sleep(2)
+
+# Generate telemetry summary
+print(f"\n{'='*80}")
+print("TELEMETRY SUMMARY AND ANALYTICS")
+print(f"{'='*80}")
+
+# Simulated telemetry analytics (in production, this would come from your telemetry backend)
+print("📊 Performance Metrics:")
+print("- Total Requests Processed: 4")
+print("- Average Response Time: 3.2s")
+print("- Success Rate: 100%")
+print("- Quality Score Average: 0.91")
+print("- High Complexity Requests: 25%")
+
+print("\n📈 Usage Analytics:")
+print("- Most Common Request Type: technical_issue")
+print("- Peak Performance Window: All requests within SLA")
+print("- Agent Utilization: CustomerService (100%), TechnicalSupport (25%), QA (100%)")
+
+print("\n🔍 Observability Features Demonstrated:")
+print("- Distributed tracing across agent interactions")
+print("- Custom metrics for business KPIs")
+print("- Performance monitoring and SLA tracking")
+print("- Error tracking and alerting")
+print("- Quality assurance metrics")
+print("- User journey tracking")
+print("- Resource utilization monitoring")
+
+print("\n⚙️ Production Monitoring Setup:")
+print("- OpenTelemetry integration for standardized observability")
+print("- Custom metrics for business-specific KPIs") 
+print("- Trace correlation across multi-agent workflows")
+print("- Performance benchmarking against expected durations")
+print("- Quality scoring and automated validation")
+print("- Error categorization and alerting")
+
+print(f"\n{'='*80}")
+print("TELEMETRY DEMONSTRATION COMPLETED")
+print(f"{'='*80}")
+print("This example demonstrated comprehensive production telemetry including:")
+print("- Request tracing and performance monitoring")
+print("- Custom business metrics collection")
+print("- Quality assurance tracking")
+print("- Error handling and alerting")
+print("- Multi-agent workflow observability")
+print("- Production-ready monitoring patterns")

examples/python/tools/exa-tool/Kimi2_Intelligent_Agents/audio_tour_agent.py

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+from praisonaiagents import Agent
+
+agent = Agent(
+    instructions="You are an audio tour creation AI agent. "
+                "Help users create engaging audio tours, guided experiences, and interactive storytelling content. "
+                "Provide guidance on script writing, audio production, location-based content, and immersive experiences.",
+    llm="openrouter/moonshotai/kimi-k2"
+)
+
+response = agent.start("Hello! I'm your audio tour creation assistant. "
+                      "How can I help you create captivating audio experiences today?") 

examples/python/tools/exa-tool/Kimi2_Intelligent_Agents/chess_agent.py

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+from praisonaiagents import Agent
+
+agent = Agent(
+    instructions="You are a chess AI agent. "
+                "Help users improve their chess skills, analyze positions, develop strategies, and understand chess theory. "
+                "Provide move analysis, opening guidance, endgame techniques, and tactical training.",
+    llm="openrouter/moonshotai/kimi-k2"
+)
+
+response = agent.start("Hello! I'm your chess assistant. "
+                      "How can I help you improve your chess game today?") 

examples/python/tools/exa-tool/Kimi2_Intelligent_Agents/creative_writing_agent.py

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+from praisonaiagents import Agent
+
+agent = Agent(
+    instructions="You are a creative writing AI agent. "
+                "Help users develop compelling stories, characters, dialogue, and narrative structures. "
+                "Provide guidance on plot development, world-building, genre-specific techniques, and creative inspiration.",
+    llm="openrouter/moonshotai/kimi-k2"
+)
+
+response = agent.start("Hello! I'm your creative writing assistant. "
+                      "How can I help you bring your stories and ideas to life today?") 

examples/python/tools/exa-tool/Kimi2_Intelligent_Agents/cybersecurity_agent.py

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+from praisonaiagents import Agent
+
+agent = Agent(
+    instructions="You are a cybersecurity AI agent. "
+                "Help users with security assessments, threat analysis, vulnerability management, and security best practices. "
+                "Provide guidance on penetration testing, secure coding, incident response, and compliance frameworks.",
+    llm="openrouter/moonshotai/kimi-k2"
+)
+
+response = agent.start("Hello! I'm your cybersecurity assistant. "
+                      "How can I help you secure your systems and protect against threats today?") 

examples/python/tools/exa-tool/Kimi2_Intelligent_Agents/data_visualization_agent.py

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+from praisonaiagents import Agent
+
+agent = Agent(
+    instructions="You are a data visualization AI agent. "
+                "Help users create compelling charts, graphs, dashboards, and interactive visualizations. "
+                "Provide guidance on matplotlib, seaborn, plotly, Tableau, and best practices for effective data storytelling.",
+    llm="openrouter/moonshotai/kimi-k2"
+)
+
+response = agent.start("Hello! I'm your data visualization assistant. "
+                      "How can I help you create stunning visual representations of your data today?") 

examples/python/tools/exa-tool/Kimi2_Intelligent_Agents/game_development_agent.py

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+from praisonaiagents import Agent
+
+agent = Agent(
+    instructions="You are a 3D PyGame development AI agent. "
+                "Help users create 3D games, simulations, and interactive experiences using PyGame. "
+                "Provide code examples, debugging assistance, and best practices for 3D graphics programming.",
+    llm="openrouter/moonshotai/kimi-k2"
+)
+
+response = agent.start("Hello! I'm your 3D PyGame development assistant. "
+                      "How can I help you create amazing 3D games today?") 

examples/python/tools/exa-tool/Kimi2_Intelligent_Agents/self_evolving_agent.py

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+from praisonaiagents import Agent
+
+agent = Agent(
+    instructions="You are a self-evolving AI agent. "
+                "Continuously learn from interactions, adapt your responses, and improve your capabilities. "
+                "Help users with complex problem-solving, creative tasks, and provide insights that evolve based on context and user needs.",
+    llm="openrouter/moonshotai/kimi-k2"
+)
+
+response = agent.start("Hello! I'm your self-evolving AI assistant. "
+                      "How can I help you today, and how can I learn and improve from our interaction?") 

examples/python/tools/exa-tool/Kimi2_Intelligent_Agents/startup_insight_agent.py

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+from praisonaiagents import Agent
+
+agent = Agent(
+    instructions="You are a startup insight AI agent. "
+                "Help entrepreneurs and startup teams with market analysis, business strategy, funding advice, product development, and growth tactics. "
+                "Provide actionable insights for building successful startups.",
+    llm="openrouter/moonshotai/kimi-k2"
+)
+
+response = agent.start("Hello! I'm your startup insight assistant. "
+                      "How can I help you build and grow your startup today?") 

examples/python/tools/exa-tool/Kimi2_Intelligent_Agents/system_architect_agent.py

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+from praisonaiagents import Agent
+
+agent = Agent(
+    instructions="You are a system architecture AI agent. "
+                "Help users design scalable, efficient, and robust system architectures. "
+                "Provide guidance on microservices, cloud infrastructure, database design, API design, and system integration patterns.",
+    llm="openrouter/moonshotai/kimi-k2"
+)
+
+response = agent.start("Hello! I'm your system architecture assistant. "
+                      "How can I help you design and optimize your system architecture today?") 

examples/python/tools/exa-tool/Kimi2_Intelligent_Agents/web_scraper_agent.py

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+from praisonaiagents import Agent
+
+agent = Agent(
+    instructions="You are a web scraping AI agent. "
+                "Help users create efficient and ethical web scrapers, data extraction tools, and automation scripts. "
+                "Provide guidance on BeautifulSoup, Selenium, Scrapy, and best practices for responsible web scraping.",
+    llm="openrouter/moonshotai/kimi-k2"
+)
+
+response = agent.start("Hello! I'm your web scraping assistant. "
+                      "How can I help you extract and analyze web data today?") 

examples/python/tools/exa-tool/grok4_intelligent_agents/ai_competitor_intelligence_agent.py

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+from praisonaiagents import Agent
+
+agent = Agent(
+    instructions="You are a competitor intelligence AI agent. "
+                 "Help users analyze competitors, market trends, and business intelligence "
+                 "to provide strategic insights and competitive advantages.",
+    llm="xai/grok-4"
+)
+
+response = agent.start(
+    "I need to analyze my main competitor's pricing strategy and market positioning. "
+    "Can you help me gather insights?"
+) 

examples/python/tools/exa-tool/grok4_intelligent_agents/ai_finance_agent.py

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+from praisonaiagents import Agent
+
+agent = Agent(
+    instructions="You are a finance AI agent. "
+                 "Help users with financial analysis, investment strategies, "
+                 "budget planning, and market trend analysis for informed decision making.",
+    llm="xai/grok-4"
+)
+
+response = agent.start(
+    "I need to analyze my investment portfolio and create a diversification strategy. "
+    "Can you help me optimize my financial planning?"
+) 

examples/python/tools/exa-tool/grok4_intelligent_agents/ai_game_design_agent.py

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+from praisonaiagents import Agent
+
+agent = Agent(
+    instructions="You are a game design AI agent. "
+                 "Help users with game concept development, mechanics design, "
+                 "and creative storytelling for various gaming platforms and genres.",
+    llm="xai/grok-4"
+)
+
+response = agent.start(
+    "I want to create a mobile puzzle game concept. "
+    "Can you help me design engaging gameplay mechanics and story elements?"
+) 

examples/python/tools/exa-tool/grok4_intelligent_agents/ai_legal_agent.py

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+from praisonaiagents import Agent
+
+agent = Agent(
+    instructions="You are a legal AI agent. "
+                 "Help users with legal document analysis, contract review, "
+                 "and legal advice while ensuring compliance and risk assessment.",
+    llm="xai/grok-4"
+)
+
+response = agent.start(
+    "I need to review a software licensing agreement. "
+    "Can you help me identify potential risks and key terms?"
+) 

examples/python/tools/exa-tool/grok4_intelligent_agents/ai_recruitment_agent.py

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+from praisonaiagents import Agent
+
+agent = Agent(
+    instructions="You are a recruitment AI agent. "
+                 "Help users with candidate screening, job posting optimization, "
+                 "and recruitment process automation to find the best talent.",
+    llm="xai/grok-4"
+)
+
+response = agent.start(
+    "I need to create a job posting for a senior software engineer position. "
+    "Can you help me write an attractive and comprehensive job description?"
+) 

examples/python/tools/exa-tool/grok4_intelligent_agents/ai_services_agency.py

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+from praisonaiagents import Agent
+
+agent = Agent(
+    instructions="You are an AI services agency agent. "
+                 "Help users with comprehensive business services including marketing, "
+                 "content creation, strategy, and operational optimization using CrewAI framework.",
+    llm="xai/grok-4"
+)
+
+response = agent.start(
+    "I need help with my startup's marketing strategy and content creation. "
+    "Can you provide a comprehensive plan?"
+) 

examples/python/tools/exa-tool/grok4_intelligent_agents/ai_teaching_agent.py

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+from praisonaiagents import Agent
+
+agent = Agent(
+    instructions="You are an AI teaching agent. "
+                 "Help users with educational content creation, lesson planning, "
+                 "and personalized learning experiences across various subjects.",
+    llm="xai/grok-4"
+)
+
+response = agent.start(
+    "I need to create a lesson plan for teaching Python programming to beginners. "
+    "Can you help me design an engaging curriculum?"
+) 

examples/python/tools/exa-tool/grok4_intelligent_agents/multi_mcp_agent.py

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+from praisonaiagents import Agent
+
+agent = Agent(
+    instructions="You are a multi MCP AI agent. "
+                 "Help users integrate and coordinate multiple Model Context Protocol agents "
+                 "for complex workflows and cross-platform automation.",
+    llm="xai/grok-4"
+)
+
+response = agent.start(
+    "I need to coordinate multiple tools and services for my project. "
+    "Can you help me set up an integrated workflow using MCP agents?"
+) 

examples/python/tools/exa-tool/grok4_intelligent_agents/multimodal_coding_agent.py

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+from praisonaiagents import Agent
+
+agent = Agent(
+    instructions="You are a multimodal coding AI agent. "
+                 "Help users with code generation, review, and debugging "
+                 "by analyzing both text and visual inputs like screenshots and diagrams.",
+    llm="xai/grok-4"
+)
+
+response = agent.start(
+    "I have a screenshot of a UI design and need to generate the corresponding HTML/CSS code. "
+    "Can you help me create the frontend code?"
+) 

examples/python/tools/exa-tool/grok4_intelligent_agents/multimodal_design_agent.py

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+from praisonaiagents import Agent
+
+agent = Agent(
+    instructions="You are a multimodal design AI agent. "
+                 "Help users with graphic design, UI/UX design, and visual content creation "
+                 "by analyzing text descriptions and visual references.",
+    llm="xai/grok-4"
+)
+
+response = agent.start(
+    "I need to create a logo for my tech startup. "
+    "Can you help me design a modern and professional logo concept?"
+) 

examples/python/tools/searxng/searxng-search.py

@@ -196,4 +196,4 @@ def main():
         print("Make sure SearxNG is running at http://localhost:32768")
 
 if __name__ == "__main__":
-    main()
+    main()

examples/python/tools/trafilatura/custom_trafilatura_tools.py

@@ -0,0 +1,420 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+"""
+Custom Trafilatura Tools for High-Quality URL Content Extraction
+
+This is an example of creating custom tools for PraisonAI agents.
+This tool is not part of the core package - it's a standalone custom tool
+that demonstrates how to implement web content extraction using Trafilatura.
+
+Install dependencies:
+pip install trafilatura newspaper3k
+
+Usage:
+from custom_trafilatura_tools import TrafilaturaTools
+
+tools = TrafilaturaTools()
+content = tools.extract_content("https://example.com/article")
+metadata = tools.extract_metadata("https://example.com/article")
+"""
+
+import logging
+from typing import Dict, Any, Optional, Union, List
+from importlib import util
+import json
+from urllib.parse import urlparse
+
+
+class TrafilaturaTools:
+    """Custom tools for extracting high-quality content from URLs using Trafilatura."""
+    
+    def __init__(self):
+        """Initialize TrafilaturaTools and check for required packages."""
+        self.trafilatura = self._check_and_import_trafilatura()
+        
+    def _check_and_import_trafilatura(self):
+        """Check if trafilatura package is installed and import it."""
+        if util.find_spec("trafilatura") is None:
+            raise ImportError(
+                "trafilatura package is not available. Please install it using: pip install trafilatura"
+            )
+        import trafilatura
+        return trafilatura
+        
+    def _validate_url(self, url: str) -> bool:
+        """
+        Validate URL to prevent SSRF attacks.
+        
+        Args:
+            url: URL to validate
+            
+        Returns:
+            bool: True if URL is safe, False otherwise
+        """
+        try:
+            parsed = urlparse(url)
+            
+            # Only allow http/https protocols
+            if parsed.scheme not in ['http', 'https']:
+                return False
+            
+            # Reject URLs with no hostname
+            if not parsed.hostname:
+                return False
+            
+            # Reject local/internal addresses
+            hostname = parsed.hostname.lower()
+            
+            # Block localhost and loopback
+            if hostname in ['localhost', '127.0.0.1', '0.0.0.0', '::1']:
+                return False
+            
+            # Block private IP ranges
+            import ipaddress
+            try:
+                ip = ipaddress.ip_address(hostname)
+                if ip.is_private or ip.is_reserved or ip.is_loopback or ip.is_link_local:
+                    return False
+            except ValueError:
+                # Not an IP address, continue with domain validation
+                pass
+            
+            # Block common internal domains
+            if any(hostname.endswith(domain) for domain in ['.local', '.internal', '.localdomain']):
+                return False
+            
+            # Block metadata service endpoints
+            return hostname not in ['169.254.169.254', 'metadata.google.internal']
+            
+        except Exception:
+            return False
+
+    def extract_content(
+        self,
+        url: str,
+        include_comments: bool = False,
+        include_links: bool = True,
+        output_format: str = 'json',
+        include_metadata: bool = True,
+        target_language: Optional[str] = None
+    ) -> Union[Dict[str, Any], str]:
+        """
+        Extract high-quality content from a URL using Trafilatura.
+        
+        Args:
+            url: URL to extract content from
+            include_comments: Include comments in extraction
+            include_links: Include links in extraction
+            output_format: Output format ('json', 'text', 'xml')
+            include_metadata: Include metadata in extraction
+            target_language: Target language for extraction (None for auto-detect)
+            
+        Returns:
+            Dict or str: Extracted content (dict for json format, str for text/xml)
+        """
+        # Validate URL
+        if not self._validate_url(url):
+            error_msg = f"Invalid or unsafe URL: {url}"
+            logging.error(error_msg)
+            return {"error": error_msg} if output_format == 'json' else error_msg
+        
+        try:
+            # Fetch the URL content
+            downloaded = self.trafilatura.fetch_url(url)
+            if not downloaded:
+                error_msg = f"Could not fetch content from URL: {url}"
+                logging.error(error_msg)
+                return {"error": error_msg} if output_format == 'json' else error_msg
+            
+            # Extract content
+            extracted = self.trafilatura.extract(
+                downloaded,
+                include_comments=include_comments,
+                include_links=include_links,
+                output_format=output_format,
+                with_metadata=include_metadata,
+                url=url,
+                target_language=target_language
+            )
+            
+            if not extracted:
+                error_msg = f"Could not extract readable content from: {url}"
+                logging.warning(error_msg)
+                return {"error": error_msg} if output_format == 'json' else error_msg
+            
+            # Parse JSON output if requested
+            if output_format == 'json':
+                return json.loads(extracted)
+            else:
+                return extracted
+                
+        except Exception as e:
+            error_msg = f"Error extracting content from {url}: {str(e)}"
+            logging.error(error_msg)
+            return {"error": error_msg} if output_format == 'json' else error_msg
+
+    def extract_metadata(self, url: str) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        """
+        Extract metadata from a URL.
+        
+        Args:
+            url: URL to extract metadata from
+            
+        Returns:
+            Dict: Metadata including title, author, date, etc.
+        """
+        # Validate URL
+        if not self._validate_url(url):
+            error_msg = f"Invalid or unsafe URL: {url}"
+            logging.error(error_msg)
+            return {"error": error_msg}
+        
+        try:
+            # Fetch the URL content
+            downloaded = self.trafilatura.fetch_url(url)
+            if not downloaded:
+                error_msg = f"Could not fetch content from URL: {url}"
+                logging.error(error_msg)
+                return {"error": error_msg}
+            
+            # Extract metadata
+            metadata = self.trafilatura.extract_metadata(downloaded, url=url)
+            
+            if not metadata:
+                return {
+                    "url": url,
+                    "error": "No metadata found"
+                }
+            
+            # Convert metadata object to dict
+            result = {
+                "url": url,
+                "title": metadata.title,
+                "author": metadata.author,
+                "date": metadata.date,
+                "description": metadata.description,
+                "categories": metadata.categories,
+                "tags": metadata.tags,
+                "language": metadata.language,
+                "image": metadata.image,
+                "pagetype": metadata.pagetype,
+                "license": metadata.license
+            }
+            
+            # Remove None values
+            result = {k: v for k, v in result.items() if v is not None}
+            
+            return result
+            
+        except Exception as e:
+            error_msg = f"Error extracting metadata from {url}: {str(e)}"
+            logging.error(error_msg)
+            return {"error": error_msg}
+
+    def extract_text_only(
+        self,
+        url: str,
+        include_comments: bool = False
+    ) -> str:
+        """
+        Extract only the main text content from a URL.
+        
+        Args:
+            url: URL to extract text from
+            include_comments: Include comments in extraction
+            
+        Returns:
+            str: Extracted text content
+        """
+        result = self.extract_content(
+            url=url,
+            include_comments=include_comments,
+            include_links=False,
+            output_format='text',
+            include_metadata=False
+        )
+        return result
+
+    def compare_extraction(
+        self,
+        url: str,
+        include_newspaper: bool = True,
+        include_spider: bool = True
+    ) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        """
+        Compare Trafilatura extraction with other tools for the same URL.
+        
+        Args:
+            url: URL to extract content from
+            include_newspaper: Include newspaper3k comparison
+            include_spider: Include spider_tools comparison (if available)
+            
+        Returns:
+            Dict: Comparison of extraction results
+        """
+        comparison = {
+            "url": url,
+            "trafilatura": None,
+            "newspaper": None,
+            "spider": None
+        }
+        
+        # Get Trafilatura extraction
+        try:
+            comparison["trafilatura"] = self.extract_content(url)
+        except Exception as e:
+            comparison["trafilatura"] = {"error": str(e)}
+        
+        # Get Newspaper extraction if requested
+        if include_newspaper:
+            try:
+                # Try to import and use newspaper3k
+                if util.find_spec("newspaper") is not None:
+                    import newspaper
+                    article = newspaper.Article(url)
+                    article.download()
+                    article.parse()
+                    comparison["newspaper"] = {
+                        "title": article.title,
+                        "text": article.text,
+                        "authors": article.authors,
+                        "publish_date": str(article.publish_date) if article.publish_date else None,
+                        "top_image": article.top_image,
+                        "summary": article.summary if hasattr(article, 'summary') else None
+                    }
+                else:
+                    comparison["newspaper"] = {"error": "newspaper3k not installed"}
+            except Exception as e:
+                comparison["newspaper"] = {"error": str(e)}
+        
+        # Get Spider extraction if requested (placeholder for external spider tools)
+        if include_spider:
+            try:
+                # This is a placeholder - you could integrate with other scraping tools here
+                # For now, we'll use a simple requests + BeautifulSoup approach
+                if util.find_spec("requests") and util.find_spec("bs4"):
+                    import requests
+                    from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
+                    
+                    response = requests.get(url, timeout=10)
+                    soup = BeautifulSoup(response.content, 'html.parser')
+                    
+                    # Extract basic content
+                    title = soup.find('title')
+                    title_text = title.get_text().strip() if title else None
+                    
+                    # Remove script and style elements
+                    for script in soup(["script", "style"]):
+                        script.decompose()
+                    
+                    # Get text
+                    text = soup.get_text()
+                    # Clean up whitespace
+                    lines = (line.strip() for line in text.splitlines())
+                    chunks = (phrase.strip() for line in lines for phrase in line.split("  "))
+                    text = ' '.join(chunk for chunk in chunks if chunk)
+                    
+                    comparison["spider"] = {
+                        "title": title_text,
+                        "text": text[:2000],  # Limit to first 2000 chars
+                        "method": "requests+beautifulsoup"
+                    }
+                else:
+                    comparison["spider"] = {"error": "requests or beautifulsoup4 not installed"}
+            except Exception as e:
+                comparison["spider"] = {"error": str(e)}
+        
+        return comparison
+
+    def get_available_methods(self) -> List[str]:
+        """
+        Get list of available methods in this tool.
+        
+        Returns:
+            List[str]: List of method names
+        """
+        return [
+            'extract_content',
+            'extract_metadata', 
+            'extract_text_only',
+            'compare_extraction'
+        ]
+
+
+# Convenience functions for easier usage
+def create_trafilatura_tools() -> TrafilaturaTools:
+    """Create and return a TrafilaturaTools instance."""
+    return TrafilaturaTools()
+
+
+# Test the tool
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    # Test URL
+    test_url = "https://www.python.org/about/"
+    
+    print("Testing Custom Trafilatura Tools")
+    print("=" * 50)
+    
+    try:
+        # Create tools instance
+        tools = TrafilaturaTools()
+        
+        # Test 1: Extract content
+        print("\n1. Testing extract_content():")
+        print("-" * 50)
+        content = tools.extract_content(test_url)
+        if isinstance(content, dict) and 'error' not in content:
+            print(f"✓ Title: {content.get('title', 'N/A')}")
+            print(f"✓ Language: {content.get('language', 'N/A')}")
+            print(f"✓ Text length: {len(content.get('text', ''))} characters")
+            print(f"✓ Author: {content.get('author', 'N/A')}")
+            print(f"✓ Date: {content.get('date', 'N/A')}")
+        else:
+            print(f"✗ Error: {content}")
+        
+        # Test 2: Extract metadata
+        print("\n2. Testing extract_metadata():")
+        print("-" * 50)
+        metadata = tools.extract_metadata(test_url)
+        if isinstance(metadata, dict) and 'error' not in metadata:
+            print("✓ Metadata extracted successfully:")
+            for key, value in metadata.items():
+                if key != 'url':
+                    print(f"  - {key}: {value}")
+        else:
+            print(f"✗ Error: {metadata}")
+        
+        # Test 3: Extract text only
+        print("\n3. Testing extract_text_only():")
+        print("-" * 50)
+        text = tools.extract_text_only(test_url)
+        if isinstance(text, str) and text and "error" not in text.lower():
+            print(f"✓ Text extracted: {len(text)} characters")
+            print(f"✓ Preview: {text[:150]}...")
+        else:
+            print(f"✗ Error: {text}")
+        
+        # Test 4: Test URL validation
+        print("\n4. Testing URL validation (security):")
+        print("-" * 50)
+        unsafe_urls = ["http://localhost/test", "http://127.0.0.1/test"]
+        for unsafe_url in unsafe_urls:
+            result = tools.extract_content(unsafe_url)
+            if isinstance(result, dict) and 'error' in result and 'Invalid or unsafe URL' in result['error']:
+                print(f"✓ Correctly rejected: {unsafe_url}")
+            else:
+                print(f"✗ Failed to reject: {unsafe_url}")
+        
+        # Test 5: Available methods
+        print("\n5. Available methods:")
+        print("-" * 50)
+        methods = tools.get_available_methods()
+        for method in methods:
+            print(f"✓ {method}")
+        
+    except Exception as e:
+        print(f"✗ Failed to initialize tools: {e}")
+        print("\nMake sure to install dependencies:")
+        print("pip install trafilatura newspaper3k requests beautifulsoup4")
+    
+    print("\n" + "=" * 50)
+    print("Custom Trafilatura Tools testing complete!")

examples/python/tools/trafilatura/trafilatura_example.py

@@ -0,0 +1,266 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+"""
+Example: Using Custom Trafilatura Tools for High-Quality URL Content Extraction
+
+This example demonstrates how to create and use custom Trafilatura tools in PraisonAI
+for extracting high-quality content from web pages.
+
+This shows how to create custom tools that are not part of the core package.
+
+Install dependencies:
+pip install trafilatura newspaper3k requests beautifulsoup4
+"""
+
+import asyncio
+from praisonaiagents import Agent, Task, PraisonAIAgents
+from custom_trafilatura_tools import TrafilaturaTools, create_trafilatura_tools
+
+# Create tools instance (global for reuse across examples)
+tools = None
+
+def get_tools():
+    """Get or create tools instance"""
+    global tools
+    if tools is None:
+        tools = create_trafilatura_tools()
+    return tools
+
+# Example 1: Basic content extraction
+async def basic_extraction_example():
+    """Extract content from a URL using custom Trafilatura tools"""
+    tools_instance = get_tools()
+    
+    # Extract content from a URL
+    url = "https://www.python.org/about/"
+    content = await asyncio.to_thread(tools_instance.extract_content, url)
+    
+    if 'error' not in content:
+        print(f"Title: {content.get('title', 'N/A')}")
+        print(f"Author: {content.get('author', 'N/A')}")
+        print(f"Date: {content.get('date', 'N/A')}")
+        print(f"Text preview: {content.get('text', '')[:200]}...")
+    else:
+        print(f"Error: {content['error']}")
+
+# Example 2: Extract text only
+async def text_only_example():
+    """Extract only the main text content"""
+    tools_instance = get_tools()
+    
+    url = "https://www.python.org/about/"
+    text = await asyncio.to_thread(tools_instance.extract_text_only, url)
+    
+    print(f"Extracted text ({len(text)} characters):")
+    print(f"{text[:300]}...")
+
+# Example 3: Extract metadata
+async def metadata_example():
+    """Extract metadata from a web page"""
+    tools_instance = get_tools()
+    
+    url = "https://www.python.org/about/"
+    metadata = await asyncio.to_thread(tools_instance.extract_metadata, url)
+    
+    print("Page metadata:")
+    for key, value in metadata.items():
+        if key != 'url':
+            print(f"  {key}: {value}")
+
+# Example 4: Compare extraction methods
+async def comparison_example():
+    """Compare Trafilatura with other extraction tools"""
+    tools_instance = get_tools()
+    
+    url = "https://www.python.org/about/"
+    comparison = await asyncio.to_thread(
+        tools_instance.compare_extraction,
+        url, 
+        include_newspaper=True,  # Compare with newspaper3k
+        include_spider=True      # Compare with basic scraping
+    )
+    
+    print("Extraction comparison:")
+    for tool, result in comparison.items():
+        if tool != 'url' and result:
+            if isinstance(result, dict) and 'error' not in result:
+                print(f"\n{tool.upper()}:")
+                if 'title' in result:
+                    print(f"  Title: {result.get('title', 'N/A')}")
+                if 'text' in result:
+                    text_len = len(result.get('text', ''))
+                    print(f"  Text length: {text_len} characters")
+            else:
+                print(f"\n{tool.upper()}: {result}")
+
+# Example 5: Using Custom Trafilatura tools with an Agent
+async def agent_example():
+    """Use custom Trafilatura tools with an AI agent"""
+    tools_instance = get_tools()
+    
+    # Create wrapper functions for the agent to use
+    def extract_content_tool(url: str) -> dict:
+        """Extract content from URL using Trafilatura"""
+        return tools_instance.extract_content(url)
+    
+    def extract_metadata_tool(url: str) -> dict:
+        """Extract metadata from URL using Trafilatura"""
+        return tools_instance.extract_metadata(url)
+    
+    # Create a research agent with custom Trafilatura tools
+    research_agent = Agent(
+        name="Research Assistant",
+        role="Web Content Analyzer",
+        goal="Extract and analyze content from web pages using custom tools",
+        backstory="You are an expert at extracting and analyzing web content using custom Trafilatura tools",
+        tools=[extract_content_tool, extract_metadata_tool],
+        llm="gpt-4o-mini"
+    )
+    
+    # Create a task for content analysis
+    analysis_task = Task(
+        description="""
+        Extract content from this URL: https://www.python.org/about/
+        
+        Use the custom Trafilatura tools to provide a summary of:
+        1. The main content and purpose of the page
+        2. Key metadata (author, date, language)
+        3. The overall quality and structure of the content
+        """,
+        expected_output="A comprehensive analysis of the web page content using custom tools",
+        agent=research_agent
+    )
+    
+    # Run the analysis
+    agents = PraisonAIAgents(
+        agents=[research_agent],
+        tasks=[analysis_task]
+    )
+    
+    result = await agents.astart()
+    print("\nAgent Analysis Result:")
+    print(result)
+
+# Example 6: Content extraction with language specification
+async def language_example():
+    """Extract content with specific language targeting"""
+    tools_instance = get_tools()
+    
+    # Extract content targeting specific language
+    url = "https://www.python.org/about/"
+    content = await asyncio.to_thread(
+        tools_instance.extract_content,
+        url,
+        target_language="en",  # Target English content
+        include_links=True,    # Include links in extraction
+        include_comments=False # Exclude comments
+    )
+    
+    if 'error' not in content:
+        print(f"Language: {content.get('language', 'N/A')}")
+        print(f"Number of links: {len(content.get('links', []))}")
+
+# Example 7: Output format options
+async def format_example():
+    """Demonstrate different output formats"""
+    tools_instance = get_tools()
+    
+    url = "https://www.python.org/about/"
+    
+    # JSON format (default)
+    json_content = await asyncio.to_thread(tools_instance.extract_content, url, output_format='json')
+    print("JSON format - type:", type(json_content))
+    
+    # Text format
+    text_content = await asyncio.to_thread(tools_instance.extract_content, url, output_format='text')
+    print("\nText format - first 200 chars:")
+    print(text_content[:200] + "...")
+    
+    # XML format
+    xml_content = await asyncio.to_thread(tools_instance.extract_content, url, output_format='xml')
+    print("\nXML format - first 200 chars:")
+    print(xml_content[:200] + "...")
+
+# Example 8: Show available methods
+async def available_methods_example():
+    """Show what methods are available in the custom tool"""
+    tools_instance = get_tools()
+    
+    methods = tools_instance.get_available_methods()
+    print("Available methods in custom Trafilatura tools:")
+    for method in methods:
+        print(f"  - {method}")
+
+# Example 9: Security testing
+async def security_example():
+    """Test URL validation security features"""
+    tools_instance = get_tools()
+    
+    print("Testing URL security validation:")
+    unsafe_urls = [
+        "http://localhost/test",
+        "http://127.0.0.1/test", 
+        "http://169.254.169.254/metadata"
+    ]
+    
+    for unsafe_url in unsafe_urls:
+        result = await asyncio.to_thread(tools_instance.extract_content, unsafe_url)
+        if isinstance(result, dict) and 'error' in result:
+            print(f"✓ Correctly rejected: {unsafe_url}")
+        else:
+            print(f"✗ Failed to reject: {unsafe_url}")
+
+async def main():
+    """Run all examples"""
+    print("=== Custom Trafilatura Tools Examples ===\n")
+    
+    try:
+        # First check if we can create the tools
+        tools_instance = get_tools()
+        print("✓ Successfully created custom Trafilatura tools\n")
+        
+        print("1. Available Methods")
+        print("-" * 40)
+        await available_methods_example()
+        
+        print("\n2. Basic Content Extraction")
+        print("-" * 40)
+        await basic_extraction_example()
+        
+        print("\n3. Text-Only Extraction")
+        print("-" * 40)
+        await text_only_example()
+        
+        print("\n4. Metadata Extraction")
+        print("-" * 40)
+        await metadata_example()
+        
+        print("\n5. Tool Comparison")
+        print("-" * 40)
+        await comparison_example()
+        
+        print("\n6. Language-Specific Extraction")
+        print("-" * 40)
+        await language_example()
+        
+        print("\n7. Output Format Options")
+        print("-" * 40)
+        await format_example()
+        
+        print("\n8. Security Testing")
+        print("-" * 40)
+        await security_example()
+        
+        print("\n9. Agent-Based Analysis")
+        print("-" * 40)
+        await agent_example()
+        
+    except ImportError as e:
+        print(f"✗ Error: {e}")
+        print("\nPlease install required dependencies:")
+        print("pip install trafilatura newspaper3k requests beautifulsoup4")
+    except Exception as e:
+        print(f"✗ Unexpected error: {e}")
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    # Run the examples
+    asyncio.run(main())

review_validation_changes.py

@@ -1,52 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env python3
-"""Multi-agent review of validation feedback implementation"""
-
-print("""
-========================================
-Multi-Agent Code Review Summary
-========================================
-
-Agent 1: Code Quality Reviewer
-------------------------------
-✅ Minimal code changes - only essential modifications made
-✅ Clean implementation with clear variable names
-✅ Proper logging added for debugging
-✅ No existing functionality modified
-
-Agent 2: Backward Compatibility Checker
---------------------------------------
-✅ New field 'validation_feedback' defaults to None
-✅ Existing workflows continue to work unchanged
-✅ Context building falls back to original behavior when no feedback
-✅ No breaking changes to public APIs
-
-Agent 3: Feature Implementation Validator
-----------------------------------------
-✅ Captures validation failure reason correctly
-✅ Includes rejected output from failed attempt
-✅ Provides clear feedback message to retry task
-✅ Automatically clears feedback after use
-
-Agent 4: Security and Performance Auditor
-----------------------------------------
-✅ No security vulnerabilities introduced
-✅ No sensitive data exposure risks
-✅ Minimal performance impact (simple dict operations)
-✅ Memory efficient - feedback cleared after use
-
-Agent 5: Test Coverage Analyst
-------------------------------
-✅ Unit tests cover all new functionality
-✅ Tests verify backward compatibility
-✅ Integration examples provided
-✅ Edge cases handled (no feedback, empty feedback)
-
-CONSENSUS: Implementation is APPROVED
-====================================
-
-The implementation successfully addresses the issue:
-- Retry tasks now receive validation feedback
-- Context-dependent tasks can improve on retry
-- Fully backward compatible
-- Minimal, clean code changes
-""")

src/praisonai-agents/CLAUDE.md

@@ -139,10 +139,32 @@ task = Task(
 #### Task-Level Guardrails
 ```python
 from typing import Tuple, Any
+from praisonaiagents import GuardrailResult
 
-# Function-based guardrail
-def validate_output(task_output: TaskOutput) -> Tuple[bool, Any]:
-    """Custom validation function."""
+# Function-based guardrail (Option 1: Using GuardrailResult)
+def validate_output(task_output: TaskOutput) -> GuardrailResult:
+    """Custom validation function returning GuardrailResult."""
+    if "error" in task_output.raw.lower():
+        return GuardrailResult(
+            success=False,
+            result=None,
+            error="Output contains errors"
+        )
+    if len(task_output.raw) < 10:
+        return GuardrailResult(
+            success=False,
+            result=None,
+            error="Output is too short"
+        )
+    return GuardrailResult(
+        success=True,
+        result=task_output,
+        error=""
+    )
+
+# Function-based guardrail (Option 2: Using Tuple[bool, Any])
+def validate_output_tuple(task_output: TaskOutput) -> Tuple[bool, Any]:
+    """Custom validation function returning tuple."""
     if "error" in task_output.raw.lower():
         return False, "Output contains errors"
     if len(task_output.raw) < 10:
@@ -170,7 +192,27 @@ task = Task(
 #### Agent-Level Guardrails
 ```python
 # Agent guardrails apply to ALL outputs from that agent
-def validate_professional_tone(task_output: TaskOutput) -> Tuple[bool, Any]:
+
+# Option 1: Using GuardrailResult
+def validate_professional_tone(task_output: TaskOutput) -> GuardrailResult:
+    """Ensure professional tone in all agent responses."""
+    content = task_output.raw.lower()
+    casual_words = ['yo', 'dude', 'awesome', 'cool']
+    for word in casual_words:
+        if word in content:
+            return GuardrailResult(
+                success=False,
+                result=None,
+                error=f"Unprofessional language detected: {word}"
+            )
+    return GuardrailResult(
+        success=True,
+        result=task_output,
+        error=""
+    )
+
+# Option 2: Using Tuple[bool, Any]
+def validate_professional_tone_tuple(task_output: TaskOutput) -> Tuple[bool, Any]:
     """Ensure professional tone in all agent responses."""
     content = task_output.raw.lower()
     casual_words = ['yo', 'dude', 'awesome', 'cool']

src/praisonai-agents/gemini-basic.py

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+from praisonaiagents import Agent
+
+def get_stock_price(company_name: str) -> str:
+    """
+    Get the stock price of a company
+    Args:
+        company_name (str): The name of the company
+    Returns:
+        str: The stock price of the company
+    """
+    return f"The stock price of {company_name} is 100"
+
+def multiply(a: int, b: int) -> int:
+    """
+    Multiply two numbers
+    """
+    return a * b
+
+agent = Agent(
+    instructions="You are a helpful assistant. You can use the tools provided to you to help the user.",
+    llm="gemini/gemini-2.5-pro",
+    tools=[get_stock_price, multiply]
+)
+
+result = agent.start("what is the stock price of Google? multiply the Google stock price with 2")

src/praisonai-agents/gemini-internal-tools.py

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+from praisonaiagents import Agent
+
+agent = Agent(
+    instructions="Research assistant with web search",
+    llm="gemini/gemini-2.5-flash",
+    tools=[{"googleSearch": {}}, ]
+)
+   
+response = agent.start("Who is Mervin Praison?")

src/praisonai-agents/gemini-structured.py

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+from pydantic import BaseModel
+from praisonaiagents import Agent, Task, Agents
+
+class Recipe(BaseModel):
+    recipe_name: str
+    ingredients: list[str]
+
+agent = Agent(
+    name="Chef",
+    role="Recipe Creator",
+    llm="gemini/gemini-2.5-flash"
+)
+
+task = Task(
+    description="Create a cookie recipe",
+    agent=agent,
+    output_pydantic=Recipe  # Will use Gemini's native structured output!
+)
+
+agents = Agents(
+    agents=[agent],
+    tasks=[task]
+)
+
+agents.start()

src/praisonai-agents/handoff-test.py

@@ -0,0 +1,179 @@
+from praisonaiagents import Agent
+from praisonaiagents.agent.handoff import handoff, handoff_filters
+from pydantic import BaseModel
+from typing import Dict, Any
+import logging
+
+# Mock data for testing
+MOCK_ORDERS = {
+    "12345": {
+        "id": "12345",
+        "status": "shipped",
+        "items": ["Widget A", "Widget B"],
+        "total": 99.99,
+        "tracking_number": "TRK123456789",
+        "shipping_address": "123 Main St, City, ST 12345"
+    },
+    "67890": {
+        "id": "67890", 
+        "status": "processing",
+        "items": ["Gadget X"],
+        "total": 149.99,
+        "tracking_number": None,
+        "shipping_address": "456 Oak Ave, Town, ST 67890"
+    }
+}
+
+MOCK_SHIPMENTS = {
+    "TRK123456789": {
+        "tracking_number": "TRK123456789",
+        "status": "in_transit",
+        "location": "Distribution Center - Chicago",
+        "estimated_delivery": "2024-01-15",
+        "updates": [
+            {"date": "2024-01-10", "status": "picked_up", "location": "Warehouse"},
+            {"date": "2024-01-12", "status": "in_transit", "location": "Chicago"}
+        ]
+    }
+}
+
+MOCK_TICKETS = []
+
+# Mock tool functions
+def check_order_status(order_id: str) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+    """Check the status of an order"""
+    if order_id in MOCK_ORDERS:
+        return {"success": True, "order": MOCK_ORDERS[order_id]}
+    return {"success": False, "error": f"Order {order_id} not found"}
+
+def track_shipment(tracking_number: str) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+    """Track a shipment by tracking number"""
+    if tracking_number in MOCK_SHIPMENTS:
+        return {"success": True, "shipment": MOCK_SHIPMENTS[tracking_number]}
+    return {"success": False, "error": f"Tracking number {tracking_number} not found"}
+
+def process_refund(order_id: str, reason: str = "customer_request") -> Dict[str, Any]:
+    """Process a refund for an order"""
+    if order_id in MOCK_ORDERS:
+        order = MOCK_ORDERS[order_id]
+        return {
+            "success": True,
+            "refund_id": f"REF{order_id}",
+            "amount": order["total"],
+            "status": "processing",
+            "estimated_days": 3-5
+        }
+    return {"success": False, "error": f"Order {order_id} not found"}
+
+def check_refund_policy(item_type: str = "general") -> Dict[str, Any]:
+    """Check refund policy for different item types"""
+    policies = {
+        "general": {"days": 30, "condition": "unopened", "shipping": "customer_pays"},
+        "electronics": {"days": 15, "condition": "original_packaging", "shipping": "free"},
+        "clothing": {"days": 60, "condition": "tags_attached", "shipping": "customer_pays"}
+    }
+    return {"success": True, "policy": policies.get(item_type, policies["general"])}
+
+def diagnose_issue(description: str) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+    """Diagnose a technical issue"""
+    common_solutions = {
+        "login": "Clear cookies and cache, try password reset",
+        "payment": "Check card details, try different payment method",
+        "loading": "Check internet connection, try different browser",
+        "mobile": "Update app, restart device, check storage space"
+    }
+    
+    # Simple keyword matching for demo
+    for issue_type, solution in common_solutions.items():
+        if issue_type in description.lower():
+            return {"success": True, "diagnosis": solution, "severity": "low"}
+    
+    return {"success": True, "diagnosis": "Please provide more details", "severity": "medium"}
+
+def create_ticket(issue_description: str, priority: str = "medium") -> Dict[str, Any]:
+    """Create a support ticket"""
+    ticket_id = f"TICK{len(MOCK_TICKETS) + 1001}"
+    ticket = {
+        "id": ticket_id,
+        "description": issue_description,
+        "priority": priority,
+        "status": "open",
+        "created_at": "2024-01-13T10:00:00Z"
+    }
+    MOCK_TICKETS.append(ticket)
+    return {"success": True, "ticket": ticket}
+
+def log_escalation(source_agent: str, escalation_data: Dict[str, Any]) -> None:
+    """Log escalation for audit purposes"""
+    logging.info(f"Escalation from {source_agent}: {escalation_data}")
+
+# Escalation with structured input
+class EscalationRequest(BaseModel):
+    issue_type: str
+    severity: str
+    description: str
+
+# Specialist agents
+order_agent = Agent(
+    name="Order Management",
+    instructions="You help with order status and tracking.",
+    tools=[check_order_status, track_shipment]
+)
+
+refund_agent = Agent(
+    name="Refund Specialist", 
+    instructions="You process refunds and handle return requests.",
+    tools=[process_refund, check_refund_policy]
+)
+
+technical_agent = Agent(
+    name="Technical Support",
+    instructions="You solve technical issues and provide guidance.",
+    tools=[diagnose_issue, create_ticket]
+)
+
+escalation_agent = Agent(
+    name="Senior Manager",
+    instructions="You handle escalated issues requiring management attention."
+)
+
+# Main triage agent
+triage_agent = Agent(
+    name="Customer Service",
+    instructions="""You are the first point of contact. Route customers to the right specialist:
+    - Order issues → Order Management
+    - Refunds → Refund Specialist  
+    - Technical problems → Technical Support
+    - Complex issues → Escalate to management
+    """,
+    handoffs=[
+        order_agent,
+        refund_agent,
+        technical_agent,
+        handoff(
+            escalation_agent,
+            tool_name_override="escalate_to_management",
+            input_type=EscalationRequest,
+            on_handoff=lambda src, data: log_escalation(src.name, data)
+        )
+    ]
+)
+
+# Start the service
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    print("Customer Service Handoff System Demo")
+    print("=" * 40)
+    
+    # Test different scenarios
+    test_queries = [
+        "I need a refund for order #12345",
+        "What's the status of order #67890?",
+        "I'm having trouble logging into my account",
+        "This is urgent - I need to speak to a manager about a serious billing issue"
+    ]
+    
+    for query in test_queries:
+        print(f"\nCustomer: {query}")
+        response = triage_agent.chat(query)
+        print(f"Response: {response}")
+        print("-" * 40)

src/praisonai-agents/ollama-sequential.py

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ def multiply(a: int, b: int) -> int:
 
 agent = Agent(
     instructions="You are a helpful assistant. You can use the tools provided to you to help the user.",
-    llm="ollama/qwen3",
+    llm="ollama/llama3.2",
     tools=[get_stock_price, multiply]
 )
 

src/praisonai-agents/praisonaiagents/agent/__init__.py

@@ -2,5 +2,6 @@
 from .agent import Agent
 from .image_agent import ImageAgent
 from .handoff import Handoff, handoff, handoff_filters, RECOMMENDED_PROMPT_PREFIX, prompt_with_handoff_instructions
+from .router_agent import RouterAgent
 
-__all__ = ['Agent', 'ImageAgent', 'Handoff', 'handoff', 'handoff_filters', 'RECOMMENDED_PROMPT_PREFIX', 'prompt_with_handoff_instructions']
+__all__ = ['Agent', 'ImageAgent', 'Handoff', 'handoff', 'handoff_filters', 'RECOMMENDED_PROMPT_PREFIX', 'prompt_with_handoff_instructions', 'RouterAgent']

src/praisonai-agents/praisonaiagents/agent/agent.py

@@ -27,7 +27,8 @@ from ..main import (
     display_self_reflection,
     ReflectionOutput,
     adisplay_instruction,
-    approval_callback
+    approval_callback,
+    execute_sync_callback
 )
 import inspect
 import uuid
@@ -424,7 +425,13 @@ class Agent:
         # Otherwise, fall back to OpenAI environment/name
         else:
             self.llm = llm or os.getenv('OPENAI_MODEL_NAME', 'gpt-4o')
-        self.tools = tools if tools else []  # Store original tools
+        # Handle tools parameter - ensure it's always a list
+        if callable(tools):
+            # If a single function/callable is passed, wrap it in a list
+            self.tools = [tools]
+        else:
+            # Handle all falsy values (None, False, 0, "", etc.) by defaulting to empty list
+            self.tools = tools or []
         self.function_calling_llm = function_calling_llm
         self.max_iter = max_iter
         self.max_rpm = max_rpm
@@ -1093,6 +1100,10 @@ Your Goal: {self.goal}"""
                         execute_tool_fn=self.execute_tool,
                         agent_name=self.name,
                         agent_role=self.role,
+                        agent_tools=[t.__name__ for t in self.tools] if self.tools else None,
+                        task_name=task_name,
+                        task_description=task_description,
+                        task_id=task_id,
                         reasoning_steps=reasoning_steps
                     )
                 else:
@@ -1109,6 +1120,10 @@ Your Goal: {self.goal}"""
                         execute_tool_fn=self.execute_tool,
                         agent_name=self.name,
                         agent_role=self.role,
+                        agent_tools=[t.__name__ for t in self.tools] if self.tools else None,
+                        task_name=task_name,
+                        task_description=task_description,
+                        task_id=task_id,
                         reasoning_steps=reasoning_steps
                     )
             else:
@@ -1142,8 +1157,39 @@ Your Goal: {self.goal}"""
         except Exception as e:
             display_error(f"Error in chat completion: {e}")
             return None
+    
+    def _execute_callback_and_display(self, prompt: str, response: str, generation_time: float):
+        """Helper method to execute callbacks and display interaction.
+        
+        This centralizes the logic for callback execution and display to avoid duplication.
+        """
+        # Always execute callbacks regardless of verbose setting (only when not using custom LLM)
+        if not self._using_custom_llm:
+            execute_sync_callback(
+                'interaction',
+                message=prompt,
+                response=response,
+                markdown=self.markdown,
+                generation_time=generation_time,
+                agent_name=self.name,
+                agent_role=self.role,
+                agent_tools=[t.__name__ for t in self.tools] if self.tools else None,
+                task_name=None,  # Not available in this context
+                task_description=None,  # Not available in this context 
+                task_id=None  # Not available in this context
+            )
+        # Only display interaction if not using custom LLM (to avoid double output) and verbose is True
+        if self.verbose and not self._using_custom_llm:
+            display_interaction(prompt, response, markdown=self.markdown, 
+                              generation_time=generation_time, console=self.console,
+                              agent_name=self.name,
+                              agent_role=self.role,
+                              agent_tools=[t.__name__ for t in self.tools] if self.tools else None,
+                              task_name=None,  # Not available in this context
+                              task_description=None,  # Not available in this context
+                              task_id=None)  # Not available in this context
 
-    def chat(self, prompt, temperature=0.2, tools=None, output_json=None, output_pydantic=None, reasoning_steps=False, stream=True):
+    def chat(self, prompt, temperature=0.2, tools=None, output_json=None, output_pydantic=None, reasoning_steps=False, stream=True, task_name=None, task_description=None, task_id=None):
         # Log all parameter values when in debug mode
         if logging.getLogger().getEffectiveLevel() == logging.DEBUG:
             param_info = {
@@ -1234,6 +1280,9 @@ Your Goal: {self.goal}"""
                     agent_name=self.name,
                     agent_role=self.role,
                     agent_tools=[t.__name__ if hasattr(t, '__name__') else str(t) for t in (tools if tools is not None else self.tools)],
+                    task_name=task_name,
+                    task_description=task_description,
+                    task_id=task_id,
                     execute_tool_fn=self.execute_tool,  # Pass tool execution function
                     reasoning_steps=reasoning_steps,
                     stream=stream  # Pass the stream parameter from chat method
@@ -1321,25 +1370,30 @@ Your Goal: {self.goal}"""
                             # Add to chat history and return raw response
                             # User message already added before LLM call via _build_messages
                             self.chat_history.append({"role": "assistant", "content": response_text})
-                            # Only display interaction if not using custom LLM (to avoid double output) and verbose is True
-                            if self.verbose and not self._using_custom_llm:
-                                display_interaction(original_prompt, response_text, markdown=self.markdown, 
-                                                 generation_time=time.time() - start_time, console=self.console)
-                            return response_text
+                            # Apply guardrail validation even for JSON output
+                            try:
+                                validated_response = self._apply_guardrail_with_retry(response_text, original_prompt, temperature, tools)
+                                # Execute callback after validation
+                                self._execute_callback_and_display(original_prompt, validated_response, time.time() - start_time)
+                                return validated_response
+                            except Exception as e:
+                                logging.error(f"Agent {self.name}: Guardrail validation failed for JSON output: {e}")
+                                # Rollback chat history on guardrail failure
+                                self.chat_history = self.chat_history[:chat_history_length]
+                                return None
 
                         if not self.self_reflect:
                             # User message already added before LLM call via _build_messages
                             self.chat_history.append({"role": "assistant", "content": response_text})
                             if self.verbose:
                                 logging.debug(f"Agent {self.name} final response: {response_text}")
-                            # Only display interaction if not using custom LLM (to avoid double output) and verbose is True
-                            if self.verbose and not self._using_custom_llm:
-                                display_interaction(original_prompt, response_text, markdown=self.markdown, generation_time=time.time() - start_time, console=self.console)
                             # Return only reasoning content if reasoning_steps is True
                             if reasoning_steps and hasattr(response.choices[0].message, 'reasoning_content'):
                                 # Apply guardrail to reasoning content
                                 try:
                                     validated_reasoning = self._apply_guardrail_with_retry(response.choices[0].message.reasoning_content, original_prompt, temperature, tools)
+                                    # Execute callback after validation
+                                    self._execute_callback_and_display(original_prompt, validated_reasoning, time.time() - start_time)
                                     return validated_reasoning
                                 except Exception as e:
                                     logging.error(f"Agent {self.name}: Guardrail validation failed for reasoning content: {e}")
@@ -1349,6 +1403,8 @@ Your Goal: {self.goal}"""
                             # Apply guardrail to regular response
                             try:
                                 validated_response = self._apply_guardrail_with_retry(response_text, original_prompt, temperature, tools)
+                                # Execute callback after validation
+                                self._execute_callback_and_display(original_prompt, validated_response, time.time() - start_time)
                                 return validated_response
                             except Exception as e:
                                 logging.error(f"Agent {self.name}: Guardrail validation failed: {e}")
@@ -1412,12 +1468,11 @@ Output MUST be JSON with 'reflection' and 'satisfactory'.
                                     display_self_reflection("Agent marked the response as satisfactory after meeting minimum reflections", console=self.console)
                                 # User message already added before LLM call via _build_messages
                                 self.chat_history.append({"role": "assistant", "content": response_text})
-                                # Only display interaction if not using custom LLM (to avoid double output) and verbose is True
-                                if self.verbose and not self._using_custom_llm:
-                                    display_interaction(original_prompt, response_text, markdown=self.markdown, generation_time=time.time() - start_time, console=self.console)
                                 # Apply guardrail validation after satisfactory reflection
                                 try:
                                     validated_response = self._apply_guardrail_with_retry(response_text, original_prompt, temperature, tools)
+                                    # Execute callback after validation
+                                    self._execute_callback_and_display(original_prompt, validated_response, time.time() - start_time)
                                     return validated_response
                                 except Exception as e:
                                     logging.error(f"Agent {self.name}: Guardrail validation failed after reflection: {e}")
@@ -1431,12 +1486,11 @@ Output MUST be JSON with 'reflection' and 'satisfactory'.
                                     display_self_reflection("Maximum reflection count reached, returning current response", console=self.console)
                                 # User message already added before LLM call via _build_messages
                                 self.chat_history.append({"role": "assistant", "content": response_text})
-                                # Only display interaction if not using custom LLM (to avoid double output) and verbose is True
-                                if self.verbose and not self._using_custom_llm:
-                                    display_interaction(original_prompt, response_text, markdown=self.markdown, generation_time=time.time() - start_time, console=self.console)
                                 # Apply guardrail validation after max reflections
                                 try:
                                     validated_response = self._apply_guardrail_with_retry(response_text, original_prompt, temperature, tools)
+                                    # Execute callback after validation
+                                    self._execute_callback_and_display(original_prompt, validated_response, time.time() - start_time)
                                     return validated_response
                                 except Exception as e:
                                     logging.error(f"Agent {self.name}: Guardrail validation failed after max reflections: {e}")
@@ -1551,6 +1605,9 @@ Output MUST be JSON with 'reflection' and 'satisfactory'.
                         agent_name=self.name,
                         agent_role=self.role,
                         agent_tools=[t.__name__ if hasattr(t, '__name__') else str(t) for t in (tools if tools is not None else self.tools)],
+                        task_name=task_name,
+                        task_description=task_description,
+                        task_id=task_id,
                         execute_tool_fn=self.execute_tool_async,
                         reasoning_steps=reasoning_steps
                     )
@@ -1869,6 +1926,26 @@ Output MUST be JSON with 'reflection' and 'satisfactory'.
         """Start the agent with a prompt. This is a convenience method that wraps chat()."""
         return self.chat(prompt, **kwargs) 
 
+    def execute(self, task, context=None):
+        """Execute a task synchronously - backward compatibility method"""
+        if hasattr(task, 'description'):
+            prompt = task.description
+        elif isinstance(task, str):
+            prompt = task
+        else:
+            prompt = str(task)
+        return self.chat(prompt)
+
+    async def aexecute(self, task, context=None):
+        """Execute a task asynchronously - backward compatibility method"""
+        if hasattr(task, 'description'):
+            prompt = task.description
+        elif isinstance(task, str):
+            prompt = task
+        else:
+            prompt = str(task)
+        return await self.achat(prompt)
+
     async def execute_tool_async(self, function_name: str, arguments: Dict[str, Any]) -> Any:
         """Async version of execute_tool"""
         try:

src/praisonai-agents/praisonaiagents/agent/image_agent.py

@@ -144,8 +144,17 @@ class ImageAgent(Agent):
         config = self.image_config.dict(exclude_none=True)
         config.update(kwargs)
         
-        # Use llm parameter as the model
-        config['model'] = self.llm
+        # Get the model name robustly from the parent Agent's property
+        model_info = self.llm_model
+        model_name = model_info.model if hasattr(model_info, 'model') else str(model_info)
+        
+        # Use the model name in config
+        config['model'] = model_name
+
+        # Check if we're using a Gemini model and remove unsupported parameters
+        if 'gemini' in model_name.lower():
+            # Gemini models don't support response_format parameter
+            config.pop('response_format', None)
 
         with Progress(
             SpinnerColumn(),
@@ -154,7 +163,7 @@ class ImageAgent(Agent):
         ) as progress:
             try:
                 # Add a task for image generation
-                task = progress.add_task(f"[cyan]Generating image with {self.llm}...", total=None)
+                task = progress.add_task(f"[cyan]Generating image with {model_name}...", total=None)
                 
                 # Use litellm's image generation
                 response = self.litellm(

src/praisonai-agents/praisonaiagents/agent/router_agent.py

@@ -0,0 +1,334 @@
+"""
+Router Agent that can use different LLM models based on task requirements.
+
+This module extends the base Agent class to support multiple models and intelligent
+model selection based on task characteristics.
+"""
+
+import os
+import logging
+from typing import Dict, List, Optional, Any, Union
+from .agent import Agent
+from ..llm.model_router import ModelRouter
+from ..llm import LLM
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+class RouterAgent(Agent):
+    """
+    An enhanced agent that can dynamically select and use different LLM models
+    based on task requirements, optimizing for cost and performance.
+    """
+    
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        models: Optional[Union[List[str], Dict[str, Any]]] = None,
+        model_router: Optional[ModelRouter] = None,
+        routing_strategy: str = "auto",  # "auto", "manual", "cost-optimized", "performance-optimized"
+        primary_model: Optional[str] = None,
+        fallback_model: Optional[str] = None,
+        **kwargs
+    ):
+        """
+        Initialize a RouterAgent.
+        
+        Args:
+            models: List of model names or dict mapping model names to configurations
+            model_router: Custom ModelRouter instance for model selection
+            routing_strategy: Strategy for model selection
+            primary_model: Primary model to use (overrides routing for simple tasks)
+            fallback_model: Fallback model if selected model fails
+            **kwargs: Additional arguments passed to parent Agent class
+        """
+        # Initialize model router
+        self.model_router = model_router or ModelRouter()
+        self.routing_strategy = routing_strategy
+        self.fallback_model = fallback_model or os.getenv('OPENAI_MODEL_NAME', 'gpt-4o-mini')
+        
+        # Process models configuration
+        self.available_models = self._process_models_config(models)
+        
+        # Set primary model for parent class initialization
+        if primary_model:
+            kwargs['llm'] = primary_model
+        elif self.available_models:
+            # Use the most cost-effective model as default
+            cheapest_model = min(
+                self.available_models.keys(),
+                key=lambda m: self.model_router.get_model_info(m).cost_per_1k_tokens 
+                if self.model_router.get_model_info(m) else float('inf')
+            )
+            kwargs['llm'] = cheapest_model
+        
+        # Store the original llm parameter for later use
+        self._llm_config = kwargs.get('llm')
+        
+        # Store api_key and base_url for LLM initialization
+        self._base_url = kwargs.get('base_url')
+        self._api_key = kwargs.get('api_key')
+        
+        # Initialize parent Agent class
+        super().__init__(**kwargs)
+        
+        # Initialize LLM instances for each model
+        self._llm_instances: Dict[str, LLM] = {}
+        self._initialize_llm_instances()
+        
+        # Track usage statistics
+        self.model_usage_stats = {model: {'calls': 0, 'tokens': 0, 'cost': 0.0} 
+                                  for model in self.available_models}
+    
+    def _process_models_config(self, models: Optional[Union[List[str], Dict[str, Any]]]) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        """Process the models configuration into a standardized format."""
+        if not models:
+            # Use default models from router
+            return {m.name: {} for m in self.model_router.models}
+        
+        if isinstance(models, list):
+            # Simple list of model names
+            return {model: {} for model in models}
+        
+        # Already a dict with model configurations
+        return models
+    
+    def _initialize_llm_instances(self):
+        """Initialize LLM instances for each available model."""
+        base_url = self._base_url
+        api_key = self._api_key
+        
+        for model_name, config in self.available_models.items():
+            try:
+                # Merge base configuration with model-specific config
+                llm_config = {
+                    'model': model_name,
+                    'base_url': config.get('base_url', base_url),
+                    'api_key': config.get('api_key', api_key),
+                    'verbose': self.verbose,
+                    'markdown': self.markdown,
+                    'stream': self.stream
+                }
+                
+                # Add any model-specific parameters
+                llm_config.update(config)
+                
+                # Create LLM instance
+                self._llm_instances[model_name] = LLM(**llm_config)
+                logger.debug(f"Initialized LLM instance for model: {model_name}")
+                
+            except Exception as e:
+                logger.warning(f"Failed to initialize LLM for model {model_name}: {e}")
+    
+    def _select_model_for_task(
+        self,
+        task_description: str,
+        tools: Optional[List[Any]] = None,
+        context_size: Optional[int] = None
+    ) -> str:
+        """
+        Select the most appropriate model for a given task.
+        
+        Args:
+            task_description: Description of the task
+            tools: Tools required for the task
+            context_size: Estimated context size
+            
+        Returns:
+            Selected model name
+        """
+        if self.routing_strategy == "manual":
+            # Use the configured primary model from llm_model property
+            llm_model = self.llm_model
+            if hasattr(llm_model, 'model'):
+                # If it's an LLM instance, get the model name
+                return llm_model.model
+            elif isinstance(llm_model, str):
+                # If it's a string, use it directly
+                return llm_model
+            # Fallback if no model is configured
+            return self.fallback_model
+        
+        # Determine required capabilities
+        required_capabilities = []
+        if tools:
+            required_capabilities.append("function-calling")
+        
+        # Determine budget consciousness based on strategy
+        budget_conscious = self.routing_strategy in ["auto", "cost-optimized"]
+        
+        # Get tool names for analysis
+        tool_names = []
+        if tools:
+            tool_names = [t.__name__ if hasattr(t, '__name__') else str(t) for t in tools]
+        
+        # Use router to select model
+        selected_model = self.model_router.select_model(
+            task_description=task_description,
+            required_capabilities=required_capabilities,
+            tools_required=tool_names,
+            context_size=context_size,
+            budget_conscious=budget_conscious
+        )
+        
+        # Ensure selected model is available
+        if selected_model not in self._llm_instances:
+            logger.warning(f"Selected model {selected_model} not available, using fallback")
+            return self.fallback_model
+        
+        return selected_model
+    
+    def _execute_with_model(
+        self,
+        model_name: str,
+        prompt: str,
+        context: Optional[str] = None,
+        tools: Optional[List[Any]] = None,
+        **kwargs
+    ) -> str:
+        """
+        Execute a task with a specific model.
+        
+        Args:
+            model_name: Name of the model to use
+            prompt: The prompt to send to the model
+            context: Additional context
+            tools: Tools to make available
+            **kwargs: Additional arguments for the LLM
+            
+        Returns:
+            Model response
+        """
+        llm_instance = self._llm_instances.get(model_name)
+        if not llm_instance:
+            logger.error(f"Model {model_name} not initialized, using fallback")
+            llm_instance = self._llm_instances.get(self.fallback_model)
+            model_name = self.fallback_model
+        
+        if not llm_instance:
+            raise ValueError("No LLM instance available for execution")
+        
+        # Prepare the full prompt
+        full_prompt = prompt
+        if context:
+            full_prompt = f"{context}\n\n{prompt}"
+        
+        try:
+            # Execute with the selected model
+            response = llm_instance.get_response(
+                prompt=full_prompt,
+                system_prompt=self._build_system_prompt(),
+                tools=tools,
+                verbose=self.verbose,
+                markdown=self.markdown,
+                stream=self.stream,
+                agent_name=self.name,
+                agent_role=self.role,
+                agent_tools=[t.__name__ if hasattr(t, '__name__') else str(t) for t in (tools or [])],
+                execute_tool_fn=self.execute_tool if tools else None,
+                **kwargs
+            )
+            
+            # Update usage statistics
+            self.model_usage_stats[model_name]['calls'] += 1
+            
+            # TODO: Implement token tracking when LLM.get_response() is updated to return token usage
+            # The LLM response currently returns only text, but litellm provides usage info in:
+            # response.get("usage") with prompt_tokens, completion_tokens, and total_tokens
+            # This would require modifying the LLM class to return both text and metadata
+            
+            return response
+            
+        except Exception as e:
+            logger.error(f"Error executing with model {model_name}: {e}")
+            
+            # Try fallback model if different
+            if model_name != self.fallback_model and self.fallback_model in self._llm_instances:
+                logger.info(f"Attempting with fallback model: {self.fallback_model}")
+                return self._execute_with_model(
+                    self.fallback_model, prompt, context, tools, **kwargs
+                )
+            
+            raise
+    
+    def execute(
+        self,
+        task_description: str,
+        context: Optional[str] = None,
+        tools: Optional[List[Any]] = None,
+        **kwargs
+    ) -> str:
+        """
+        Execute a task with automatic model selection.
+        
+        This method overrides the parent Agent's execute method to add
+        intelligent model selection.
+        
+        Args:
+            task_description: Description of the task to execute
+            context: Optional context for the task
+            tools: Optional tools to use
+            **kwargs: Additional arguments
+            
+        Returns:
+            Task execution result
+        """
+        # Estimate context size in tokens (rough estimate: ~4 chars per token)
+        # This is a simplified heuristic; actual tokenization varies by model
+        text_length = len(task_description) + (len(context) if context else 0)
+        context_size = text_length // 4  # Approximate token count
+        
+        # Select the best model for this task
+        selected_model = self._select_model_for_task(
+            task_description=task_description,
+            tools=tools,
+            context_size=context_size
+        )
+        
+        logger.info(f"RouterAgent '{self.name}' selected model: {selected_model} for task")
+        
+        # Execute with the selected model
+        return self._execute_with_model(
+            model_name=selected_model,
+            prompt=task_description,
+            context=context,
+            tools=tools,
+            **kwargs
+        )
+    
+    def get_usage_report(self) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        """
+        Get a report of model usage statistics.
+        
+        Returns:
+            Dictionary containing usage statistics and cost estimates
+        """
+        total_cost = 0.0
+        report = {
+            'agent_name': self.name,
+            'routing_strategy': self.routing_strategy,
+            'model_usage': {}
+        }
+        
+        for model, stats in self.model_usage_stats.items():
+            model_info = self.model_router.get_model_info(model)
+            if model_info and stats['tokens'] > 0:
+                cost = self.model_router.estimate_cost(model, stats['tokens'])
+                stats['cost'] = cost
+                total_cost += cost
+            
+            report['model_usage'][model] = stats
+        
+        report['total_cost_estimate'] = total_cost
+        report['total_calls'] = sum(s['calls'] for s in self.model_usage_stats.values())
+        
+        return report
+    
+    def _build_system_prompt(self) -> str:
+        """Build system prompt (inherited from parent but can be customized)."""
+        base_prompt = super()._build_system_prompt()
+        
+        # Add multi-model context if needed
+        if self.routing_strategy == "auto":
+            base_prompt += "\n\nNote: You are part of a multi-model system. Focus on your specific task."
+        
+        return base_prompt

src/praisonai-agents/praisonaiagents/agents/agents.py

@@ -480,31 +480,46 @@ Context:
         )
         
         if self.process == "workflow":
-            # Collect all tasks that should run in parallel
-            parallel_tasks = []
+            tasks_to_run = []
             async for task_id in process.aworkflow():
-                if self.tasks[task_id].async_execution and self.tasks[task_id].is_start:
-                    parallel_tasks.append(task_id)
-                elif parallel_tasks:
-                    # Execute collected parallel tasks
-                    await asyncio.gather(*[self.arun_task(t) for t in parallel_tasks])
-                    parallel_tasks = []
-                    # Run the current non-parallel task
-                    if self.tasks[task_id].async_execution:
-                        await self.arun_task(task_id)
-                    else:
-                        self.run_task(task_id)
-            
-            # Execute any remaining parallel tasks
-            if parallel_tasks:
-                await asyncio.gather(*[self.arun_task(t) for t in parallel_tasks])
+                if self.tasks[task_id].async_execution:
+                    tasks_to_run.append(self.arun_task(task_id))
+                else:
+                    # If we encounter a sync task, we must wait for the previous async tasks to finish.
+                    if tasks_to_run:
+                        await asyncio.gather(*tasks_to_run)
+                        tasks_to_run = []
+                    
+                    # Run sync task in an executor to avoid blocking the event loop
+                    loop = asyncio.get_running_loop()
+                    await loop.run_in_executor(None, self.run_task, task_id)
+
+            if tasks_to_run:
+                await asyncio.gather(*tasks_to_run)
                 
         elif self.process == "sequential":
+            async_tasks_to_run = []
+            
+            async def flush_async_tasks():
+                """Execute all pending async tasks"""
+                nonlocal async_tasks_to_run
+                if async_tasks_to_run:
+                    await asyncio.gather(*async_tasks_to_run)
+                    async_tasks_to_run = []
+            
             async for task_id in process.asequential():
                 if self.tasks[task_id].async_execution:
-                    await self.arun_task(task_id)
+                    # Collect async tasks to run in parallel
+                    async_tasks_to_run.append(self.arun_task(task_id))
                 else:
-                    self.run_task(task_id)
+                    # Before running a sync task, execute all pending async tasks
+                    await flush_async_tasks()
+                    # Run sync task in an executor to avoid blocking the event loop
+                    loop = asyncio.get_running_loop()
+                    await loop.run_in_executor(None, self.run_task, task_id)
+            
+            # Execute any remaining async tasks at the end
+            await flush_async_tasks()
         elif self.process == "hierarchical":
             async for task_id in process.ahierarchical():
                 if isinstance(task_id, Task):
@@ -512,7 +527,9 @@ Context:
                 if self.tasks[task_id].async_execution:
                     await self.arun_task(task_id)
                 else:
-                    self.run_task(task_id)
+                    # Run sync task in an executor to avoid blocking the event loop
+                    loop = asyncio.get_running_loop()
+                    await loop.run_in_executor(None, self.run_task, task_id)
 
     async def astart(self, content=None, return_dict=False, **kwargs):
         """Async version of start method
@@ -672,7 +689,10 @@ Context:
                 _get_multimodal_message(task_prompt, task.images),
                 tools=task.tools,
                 output_json=task.output_json,
-                output_pydantic=task.output_pydantic
+                output_pydantic=task.output_pydantic,
+                task_name=task.name,
+                task_description=task.description,
+                task_id=task_id
             )
         else:
             agent_output = executor_agent.chat(
@@ -681,6 +701,9 @@ Context:
                 output_json=task.output_json,
                 output_pydantic=task.output_pydantic,
                 stream=self.stream,
+                task_name=task.name,
+                task_description=task.description,
+                task_id=task_id
             )
 
         if agent_output:
@@ -1118,7 +1141,7 @@ Context:
                                 response = await agent_instance.achat(current_input)
                             else:
                                 # Run sync function in a thread to avoid blocking
-                                loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()
+                                loop = asyncio.get_running_loop()
                                 # Correctly pass current_input to the lambda for closure
                                 response = await loop.run_in_executor(None, lambda ci=current_input: agent_instance.chat(ci))
                             
@@ -1273,7 +1296,7 @@ Context:
                         if hasattr(agent_instance, 'achat') and asyncio.iscoroutinefunction(agent_instance.achat):
                             response = await agent_instance.achat(current_input, tools=agent_instance.tools)
                         elif hasattr(agent_instance, 'chat'): # Fallback to sync chat if achat not suitable
-                            loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()
+                            loop = asyncio.get_running_loop()
                             response = await loop.run_in_executor(None, lambda ci=current_input: agent_instance.chat(ci, tools=agent_instance.tools))
                         else:
                             logging.warning(f"Agent {agent_instance.name} has no suitable chat or achat method.")

src/praisonai-agents/praisonaiagents/agents/autoagents.py

@@ -136,7 +136,7 @@ class AutoAgents(PraisonAIAgents):
             completion_checker=completion_checker,
             max_retries=max_retries,
             process=process,
-            manager_llm=manager_llm
+            manager_llm=manager_llm or self.llm
         )
 
     def _display_agents_and_tasks(self, agents: List[Agent], tasks: List[Task]):

src/praisonai-agents/praisonaiagents/guardrails/llm_guardrail.py

@@ -19,12 +19,54 @@ class LLMGuardrail:
         
         Args:
             description: Natural language description of what to validate
-            llm: The LLM instance to use for validation
+            llm: The LLM instance to use for validation (can be string or LLM instance)
         """
         self.description = description
-        self.llm = llm
+        self.llm = self._initialize_llm(llm)
         self.logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
     
+    def _initialize_llm(self, llm: Any) -> Any:
+        """Initialize the LLM instance from string identifier or existing instance.
+        
+        Args:
+            llm: String identifier, LLM instance, or None
+            
+        Returns:
+            LLM instance or None
+        """
+        # Local import to avoid circular dependencies
+        def _get_llm_class():
+            from ..llm.llm import LLM
+            return LLM
+            
+        if llm is None:
+            return None
+            
+        # If it's already an LLM instance, return as-is
+        if hasattr(llm, 'chat') or hasattr(llm, 'get_response') or callable(llm):
+            return llm
+            
+        # If it's a string, convert to LLM instance
+        if isinstance(llm, str):
+            try:
+                # Handle string identifiers (both provider/model and simple names)
+                return _get_llm_class()(model=llm)
+            except Exception as e:
+                self.logger.error(f"Failed to initialize LLM from string '{llm}': {str(e)}")
+                return None
+        
+        # If it's a dict, pass parameters to LLM
+        if isinstance(llm, dict) and "model" in llm:
+            try:
+                return _get_llm_class()(**llm)
+            except Exception as e:
+                self.logger.error(f"Failed to initialize LLM from dict: {str(e)}")
+                return None
+        
+        # Unknown type
+        self.logger.warning(f"Unknown LLM type: {type(llm)}, treating as-is")
+        return llm
+    
     def __call__(self, task_output: TaskOutput) -> Tuple[bool, Union[str, TaskOutput]]:
         """Validate the task output using the LLM.
         

src/praisonai-agents/praisonaiagents/llm/__init__.py

@@ -33,6 +33,12 @@ from .model_capabilities import (
     supports_structured_outputs,
     supports_streaming_with_tools
 )
+from .model_router import (
+    ModelRouter,
+    ModelProfile, 
+    TaskComplexity,
+    create_routing_agent
+)
 
 # Ensure telemetry is disabled after import as well
 try:
@@ -55,5 +61,9 @@ __all__ = [
     "ToolCall",
     "process_stream_chunks",
     "supports_structured_outputs",
-    "supports_streaming_with_tools"
+    "supports_streaming_with_tools",
+    "ModelRouter",
+    "ModelProfile",
+    "TaskComplexity",
+    "create_routing_agent"
 ]

src/praisonai-agents/praisonaiagents/llm/model_capabilities.py

@@ -30,6 +30,16 @@ MODELS_SUPPORTING_STRUCTURED_OUTPUTS = {
     "gpt-4.1-mini",
     "o4-mini",
     "o3",
+    
+    # Gemini models that support structured outputs
+    "gemini-2.0-flash",
+    "gemini-2.0-flash-exp",
+    "gemini-1.5-pro",
+    "gemini-1.5-pro-latest",
+    "gemini-1.5-flash",
+    "gemini-1.5-flash-latest",
+    "gemini-1.5-flash-8b",
+    "gemini-1.5-flash-8b-latest",
 }
 
 # Models that explicitly DON'T support structured outputs
@@ -57,16 +67,23 @@ def supports_structured_outputs(model_name: str) -> bool:
     if not model_name:
         return False
     
+    # Strip provider prefixes (e.g., 'google/', 'openai/', etc.)
+    model_without_provider = model_name
+    for prefix in ['google/', 'openai/', 'anthropic/', 'gemini/', 'mistral/', 'deepseek/', 'groq/']:
+        if model_name.startswith(prefix):
+            model_without_provider = model_name[len(prefix):]
+            break
+    
     # First check if it's explicitly in the NOT supporting list
-    if model_name in MODELS_NOT_SUPPORTING_STRUCTURED_OUTPUTS:
+    if model_without_provider in MODELS_NOT_SUPPORTING_STRUCTURED_OUTPUTS:
         return False
     
     # Then check if it's in the supporting list
-    if model_name in MODELS_SUPPORTING_STRUCTURED_OUTPUTS:
+    if model_without_provider in MODELS_SUPPORTING_STRUCTURED_OUTPUTS:
         return True
     
     # For models with version suffixes, check the base model name
-    base_model = model_name.split('-2024-')[0].split('-2025-')[0]
+    base_model = model_without_provider.split('-2024-')[0].split('-2025-')[0]
     if base_model in MODELS_SUPPORTING_STRUCTURED_OUTPUTS:
         return True
     
@@ -87,4 +104,27 @@ def supports_streaming_with_tools(model_name: str) -> bool:
     """
     # For now, use the same logic as structured outputs
     # In the future, this could be a separate list if needed
-    return supports_structured_outputs(model_name)
+    return supports_structured_outputs(model_name)
+
+
+# Supported Gemini internal tools
+GEMINI_INTERNAL_TOOLS = {'googleSearch', 'urlContext', 'codeExecution'}
+
+
+def is_gemini_internal_tool(tool) -> bool:
+    """
+    Check if a tool is a Gemini internal tool and should be included in formatted tools.
+    
+    Gemini internal tools are single-key dictionaries with specific tool names.
+    Examples: {"googleSearch": {}}, {"urlContext": {}}, {"codeExecution": {}}
+    
+    Args:
+        tool: The tool to check
+        
+    Returns:
+        bool: True if the tool is a recognized Gemini internal tool, False otherwise
+    """
+    if isinstance(tool, dict) and len(tool) == 1:
+        tool_name = next(iter(tool.keys()))
+        return tool_name in GEMINI_INTERNAL_TOOLS
+    return False

src/praisonai-agents/praisonaiagents/llm/model_router.py

@@ -0,0 +1,348 @@
+"""
+Model Router for intelligent model selection based on task characteristics.
+
+This module provides functionality to automatically select the most appropriate
+LLM model/provider based on task complexity, cost considerations, and model capabilities.
+"""
+
+import os
+import logging
+from typing import Dict, List, Optional, Tuple
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+from enum import IntEnum
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+class TaskComplexity(IntEnum):
+    """Enum for task complexity levels"""
+    SIMPLE = 1          # Basic queries, math, factual questions
+    MODERATE = 2        # Summarization, basic analysis
+    COMPLEX = 3         # Code generation, deep reasoning
+    VERY_COMPLEX = 4    # Multi-step reasoning, complex analysis
+
+
+@dataclass
+class ModelProfile:
+    """Profile for an LLM model with its characteristics"""
+    name: str
+    provider: str
+    complexity_range: Tuple[TaskComplexity, TaskComplexity]
+    cost_per_1k_tokens: float  # Average of input/output costs
+    strengths: List[str]
+    capabilities: List[str]
+    context_window: int
+    supports_tools: bool = True
+    supports_streaming: bool = True
+
+
+class ModelRouter:
+    """
+    Intelligent model router that selects the best model based on task requirements.
+    
+    This router implements a strategy pattern for model selection, considering:
+    - Task complexity
+    - Cost optimization
+    - Model capabilities
+    - Specific strengths for different task types
+    """
+    
+    # Default model profiles - can be customized via configuration
+    DEFAULT_MODELS = [
+        # Lightweight/cheap models for simple tasks
+        ModelProfile(
+            name="gpt-4o-mini",
+            provider="openai",
+            complexity_range=(TaskComplexity.SIMPLE, TaskComplexity.MODERATE),
+            cost_per_1k_tokens=0.00075,  # Average of $0.00015 input, $0.0006 output
+            strengths=["speed", "cost-effective", "basic-reasoning"],
+            capabilities=["text", "function-calling"],
+            context_window=128000
+        ),
+        ModelProfile(
+            name="gemini/gemini-1.5-flash",
+            provider="google",
+            complexity_range=(TaskComplexity.SIMPLE, TaskComplexity.MODERATE),
+            cost_per_1k_tokens=0.000125,  # Very cost-effective
+            strengths=["speed", "cost-effective", "multimodal"],
+            capabilities=["text", "vision", "function-calling"],
+            context_window=1048576
+        ),
+        ModelProfile(
+            name="claude-3-haiku-20240307",
+            provider="anthropic",
+            complexity_range=(TaskComplexity.SIMPLE, TaskComplexity.MODERATE),
+            cost_per_1k_tokens=0.0008,  # Average of $0.00025 input, $0.00125 output
+            strengths=["speed", "instruction-following"],
+            capabilities=["text", "function-calling"],
+            context_window=200000
+        ),
+        
+        # Mid-tier models for moderate complexity
+        ModelProfile(
+            name="gpt-4o",
+            provider="openai",
+            complexity_range=(TaskComplexity.MODERATE, TaskComplexity.COMPLEX),
+            cost_per_1k_tokens=0.0075,  # Average of $0.0025 input, $0.01 output
+            strengths=["reasoning", "code-generation", "general-purpose"],
+            capabilities=["text", "vision", "function-calling"],
+            context_window=128000
+        ),
+        ModelProfile(
+            name="claude-3-5-sonnet-20241022",
+            provider="anthropic",
+            complexity_range=(TaskComplexity.MODERATE, TaskComplexity.VERY_COMPLEX),
+            cost_per_1k_tokens=0.009,  # Average of $0.003 input, $0.015 output
+            strengths=["reasoning", "code-generation", "analysis", "writing"],
+            capabilities=["text", "vision", "function-calling"],
+            context_window=200000
+        ),
+        
+        # High-end models for complex tasks
+        ModelProfile(
+            name="gemini/gemini-1.5-pro",
+            provider="google",
+            complexity_range=(TaskComplexity.COMPLEX, TaskComplexity.VERY_COMPLEX),
+            cost_per_1k_tokens=0.00625,  # Average of $0.00125 input, $0.005 output
+            strengths=["reasoning", "long-context", "multimodal"],
+            capabilities=["text", "vision", "function-calling"],
+            context_window=2097152  # 2M context
+        ),
+        ModelProfile(
+            name="claude-3-opus-20240229",
+            provider="anthropic",
+            complexity_range=(TaskComplexity.COMPLEX, TaskComplexity.VERY_COMPLEX),
+            cost_per_1k_tokens=0.045,  # Average of $0.015 input, $0.075 output
+            strengths=["deep-reasoning", "complex-analysis", "creative-writing"],
+            capabilities=["text", "vision", "function-calling"],
+            context_window=200000
+        ),
+        ModelProfile(
+            name="deepseek-chat",
+            provider="deepseek",
+            complexity_range=(TaskComplexity.COMPLEX, TaskComplexity.VERY_COMPLEX),
+            cost_per_1k_tokens=0.0014,  # Very cost-effective for capability
+            strengths=["reasoning", "code-generation", "mathematics"],
+            capabilities=["text", "function-calling"],
+            context_window=128000
+        ),
+    ]
+    
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        models: Optional[List[ModelProfile]] = None,
+        default_model: Optional[str] = None,
+        cost_threshold: Optional[float] = None,
+        preferred_providers: Optional[List[str]] = None
+    ):
+        """
+        Initialize the ModelRouter.
+        
+        Args:
+            models: Custom list of model profiles to use
+            default_model: Default model to use if no suitable model found
+            cost_threshold: Maximum cost per 1k tokens to consider
+            preferred_providers: List of preferred providers in order
+        """
+        self.models = models or self.DEFAULT_MODELS
+        self.default_model = default_model or os.getenv('OPENAI_MODEL_NAME', 'gpt-4o')
+        self.cost_threshold = cost_threshold
+        self.preferred_providers = preferred_providers or []
+        
+        # Build lookup indices for efficient access
+        self._model_by_name = {m.name: m for m in self.models}
+        self._models_by_complexity = self._build_complexity_index()
+        
+    def _build_complexity_index(self) -> Dict[TaskComplexity, List[ModelProfile]]:
+        """Build an index of models by complexity level"""
+        index = {level: [] for level in TaskComplexity}
+        
+        for model in self.models:
+            min_complexity, max_complexity = model.complexity_range
+            for level in TaskComplexity:
+                if min_complexity.value <= level.value <= max_complexity.value:
+                    index[level].append(model)
+        
+        return index
+    
+    def analyze_task_complexity(
+        self,
+        task_description: str,
+        tools_required: Optional[List[str]] = None,
+        context_size: Optional[int] = None
+    ) -> TaskComplexity:
+        """
+        Analyze task description to determine complexity level.
+        
+        This is a simple heuristic-based approach. In production, this could be
+        replaced with a more sophisticated ML-based classifier.
+        """
+        description_lower = task_description.lower()
+        
+        # Keywords indicating different complexity levels
+        simple_keywords = [
+            "calculate", "compute", "what is", "define", "list", "count",
+            "simple", "basic", "check", "verify", "yes or no", "true or false"
+        ]
+        
+        moderate_keywords = [
+            "summarize", "explain", "compare", "describe", "analyze briefly",
+            "find", "search", "extract", "classify", "categorize"
+        ]
+        
+        complex_keywords = [
+            "implement", "code", "develop", "design", "create algorithm",
+            "optimize", "debug", "refactor", "architect", "solve"
+        ]
+        
+        very_complex_keywords = [
+            "multi-step", "comprehensive analysis", "deep dive", "research",
+            "strategic", "framework", "system design", "proof", "theorem"
+        ]
+        
+        # Check for keyword matches
+        if any(keyword in description_lower for keyword in very_complex_keywords):
+            return TaskComplexity.VERY_COMPLEX
+        elif any(keyword in description_lower for keyword in complex_keywords):
+            return TaskComplexity.COMPLEX
+        elif any(keyword in description_lower for keyword in moderate_keywords):
+            return TaskComplexity.MODERATE
+        elif any(keyword in description_lower for keyword in simple_keywords):
+            return TaskComplexity.SIMPLE
+        
+        # Consider tool requirements
+        if tools_required and len(tools_required) > 3:
+            return TaskComplexity.COMPLEX
+        
+        # Consider context size requirements
+        if context_size and context_size > 50000:
+            return TaskComplexity.COMPLEX
+        
+        # Default to moderate
+        return TaskComplexity.MODERATE
+    
+    def select_model(
+        self,
+        task_description: str,
+        required_capabilities: Optional[List[str]] = None,
+        tools_required: Optional[List[str]] = None,
+        context_size: Optional[int] = None,
+        budget_conscious: bool = True
+    ) -> str:
+        """
+        Select the most appropriate model for a given task.
+        
+        Args:
+            task_description: Description of the task to perform
+            required_capabilities: List of required capabilities (e.g., ["vision", "function-calling"])
+            tools_required: List of tools that will be used
+            context_size: Estimated context size needed
+            budget_conscious: Whether to optimize for cost
+            
+        Returns:
+            Model name string to use
+        """
+        # Analyze task complexity
+        complexity = self.analyze_task_complexity(task_description, tools_required, context_size)
+        
+        # Get candidate models for this complexity level
+        candidates = self._models_by_complexity.get(complexity, [])
+        
+        if not candidates:
+            logger.warning(f"No models found for complexity {complexity}, using default")
+            return self.default_model
+        
+        # Filter by required capabilities
+        if required_capabilities:
+            candidates = [
+                m for m in candidates
+                if all(cap in m.capabilities for cap in required_capabilities)
+            ]
+        
+        # Filter by tool support if needed
+        if tools_required:
+            candidates = [m for m in candidates if m.supports_tools]
+        
+        # Filter by context window if specified
+        if context_size:
+            candidates = [m for m in candidates if m.context_window >= context_size]
+        
+        # Filter by cost threshold if specified
+        if self.cost_threshold:
+            candidates = [m for m in candidates if m.cost_per_1k_tokens <= self.cost_threshold]
+        
+        if not candidates:
+            logger.warning("No models meet all criteria, using default")
+            return self.default_model
+        
+        # Sort by selection criteria
+        if budget_conscious:
+            # Sort by cost (ascending)
+            candidates.sort(key=lambda m: m.cost_per_1k_tokens)
+        else:
+            # Sort by capability (descending complexity)
+            candidates.sort(key=lambda m: m.complexity_range[1].value, reverse=True)
+        
+        # Apply provider preferences
+        if self.preferred_providers:
+            for provider in self.preferred_providers:
+                for model in candidates:
+                    if model.provider == provider:
+                        logger.info(f"Selected model: {model.name} (complexity: {complexity}, cost: ${model.cost_per_1k_tokens}/1k tokens)")
+                        return model.name
+        
+        # Return the best candidate
+        selected = candidates[0]
+        logger.info(f"Selected model: {selected.name} (complexity: {complexity}, cost: ${selected.cost_per_1k_tokens}/1k tokens)")
+        return selected.name
+    
+    def get_model_info(self, model_name: str) -> Optional[ModelProfile]:
+        """Get profile information for a specific model"""
+        return self._model_by_name.get(model_name)
+    
+    def estimate_cost(self, model_name: str, estimated_tokens: int) -> float:
+        """Estimate the cost for a given model and token count"""
+        model = self._model_by_name.get(model_name)
+        if not model:
+            return 0.0
+        return (model.cost_per_1k_tokens * estimated_tokens) / 1000
+
+
+def create_routing_agent(
+    models: Optional[List[str]] = None,
+    router: Optional[ModelRouter] = None,
+    **agent_kwargs
+) -> 'Agent':
+    """
+    Create a specialized routing agent that can select models dynamically.
+    
+    Args:
+        models: List of model names to route between
+        router: Custom ModelRouter instance
+        **agent_kwargs: Additional arguments to pass to Agent constructor
+        
+    Returns:
+        Agent configured for model routing
+    """
+    from ..agent import Agent
+    
+    if not router:
+        router = ModelRouter()
+    
+    routing_agent = Agent(
+        name=agent_kwargs.pop('name', 'ModelRouter'),
+        role=agent_kwargs.pop('role', 'Intelligent Model Router'),
+        goal=agent_kwargs.pop('goal', 'Select the most appropriate AI model based on task requirements'),
+        backstory=agent_kwargs.pop('backstory', 
+            'I analyze tasks and route them to the most suitable AI model, '
+            'optimizing for performance, cost, and capability requirements.'
+        ),
+        **agent_kwargs
+    )
+    
+    # TODO: Consider creating a proper RoutingAgent subclass instead of setting private attributes
+    # For now, store the router on the agent for use in execution
+    routing_agent._model_router = router
+    routing_agent._available_models = models or [m.name for m in router.models]
+    
+    return routing_agent

src/praisonai-agents/praisonaiagents/llm/openai_client.py

@@ -360,6 +360,7 @@ class OpenAIClient:
         - Callable functions
         - String function names
         - MCP tools
+        - Gemini internal tools ({"googleSearch": {}}, {"urlContext": {}}, {"codeExecution": {}})
         
         Args:
             tools: List of tools in various formats
@@ -404,6 +405,15 @@ class OpenAIClient:
                 tool_def = self._generate_tool_definition_from_name(tool)
                 if tool_def:
                     formatted_tools.append(tool_def)
+            # Handle Gemini internal tools (e.g., {"googleSearch": {}}, {"urlContext": {}}, {"codeExecution": {}})
+            elif isinstance(tool, dict) and len(tool) == 1:
+                tool_name = next(iter(tool.keys()))
+                gemini_internal_tools = {'googleSearch', 'urlContext', 'codeExecution'}
+                if tool_name in gemini_internal_tools:
+                    logging.debug(f"Using Gemini internal tool: {tool_name}")
+                    formatted_tools.append(tool)
+                else:
+                    logging.debug(f"Skipping unknown tool: {tool_name}")
             else:
                 logging.debug(f"Skipping tool of unsupported type: {type(tool)}")
                 
@@ -890,45 +900,8 @@ class OpenAIClient:
                         "content": results_str
                     })
                 
-                # Check if we should continue (for tools like sequential thinking)
-                should_continue = False
-                for tool_call in tool_calls:
-                    # Handle both ToolCall dataclass and OpenAI object
-                    if isinstance(tool_call, ToolCall):
-                        function_name = tool_call.function["name"]
-                        arguments = json.loads(tool_call.function["arguments"])
-                    else:
-                        function_name = tool_call.function.name
-                        arguments = json.loads(tool_call.function.arguments)
-                    
-                    # For sequential thinking tool, check if nextThoughtNeeded is True
-                    if function_name == "sequentialthinking" and arguments.get("nextThoughtNeeded", False):
-                        should_continue = True
-                        break
-                
-                if not should_continue:
-                    # Get final response after tool calls
-                    if stream:
-                        final_response = self.process_stream_response(
-                            messages=messages,
-                            model=model,
-                            temperature=temperature,
-                            tools=formatted_tools,
-                            start_time=start_time,
-                            console=console,
-                            display_fn=display_fn,
-                            reasoning_steps=reasoning_steps,
-                            **kwargs
-                        )
-                    else:
-                        final_response = self.create_completion(
-                            messages=messages,
-                            model=model,
-                            temperature=temperature,
-                            stream=False,
-                            **kwargs
-                        )
-                    break
+                # Continue the loop to allow more tool calls
+                # The model will see tool results and can make additional tool calls
                 
                 iteration_count += 1
             else:
@@ -1067,45 +1040,8 @@ class OpenAIClient:
                         "content": results_str
                     })
                 
-                # Check if we should continue (for tools like sequential thinking)
-                should_continue = False
-                for tool_call in tool_calls:
-                    # Handle both ToolCall dataclass and OpenAI object
-                    if isinstance(tool_call, ToolCall):
-                        function_name = tool_call.function["name"]
-                        arguments = json.loads(tool_call.function["arguments"])
-                    else:
-                        function_name = tool_call.function.name
-                        arguments = json.loads(tool_call.function.arguments)
-                    
-                    # For sequential thinking tool, check if nextThoughtNeeded is True
-                    if function_name == "sequentialthinking" and arguments.get("nextThoughtNeeded", False):
-                        should_continue = True
-                        break
-                
-                if not should_continue:
-                    # Get final response after tool calls
-                    if stream:
-                        final_response = await self.process_stream_response_async(
-                            messages=messages,
-                            model=model,
-                            temperature=temperature,
-                            tools=formatted_tools,
-                            start_time=start_time,
-                            console=console,
-                            display_fn=display_fn,
-                            reasoning_steps=reasoning_steps,
-                            **kwargs
-                        )
-                    else:
-                        final_response = await self.acreate_completion(
-                            messages=messages,
-                            model=model,
-                            temperature=temperature,
-                            stream=False,
-                            **kwargs
-                        )
-                    break
+                # Continue the loop to allow more tool calls
+                # The model will see tool results and can make additional tool calls
                 
                 iteration_count += 1
             else:

src/praisonai-agents/praisonaiagents/main.py

@@ -62,6 +62,30 @@ def register_approval_callback(callback_fn):
     global approval_callback
     approval_callback = callback_fn
 
+def execute_sync_callback(display_type: str, **kwargs):
+    """Execute synchronous callback for a given display type without displaying anything.
+    
+    This function is used to trigger callbacks even when verbose=False.
+    
+    Args:
+        display_type (str): Type of display event
+        **kwargs: Arguments to pass to the callback function
+    """
+    if display_type in sync_display_callbacks:
+        callback = sync_display_callbacks[display_type]
+        import inspect
+        sig = inspect.signature(callback)
+        
+        # Filter kwargs to what the callback accepts to maintain backward compatibility
+        if any(p.kind == inspect.Parameter.VAR_KEYWORD for p in sig.parameters.values()):
+            # Callback accepts **kwargs, so pass all arguments
+            supported_kwargs = kwargs
+        else:
+            # Only pass arguments that the callback signature supports
+            supported_kwargs = {k: v for k, v in kwargs.items() if k in sig.parameters}
+        
+        callback(**supported_kwargs)
+
 async def execute_callback(display_type: str, **kwargs):
     """Execute both sync and async callbacks for a given display type.
     
@@ -69,16 +93,38 @@ async def execute_callback(display_type: str, **kwargs):
         display_type (str): Type of display event
         **kwargs: Arguments to pass to the callback functions
     """
+    import inspect
+    
     # Execute synchronous callback if registered
     if display_type in sync_display_callbacks:
         callback = sync_display_callbacks[display_type]
+        sig = inspect.signature(callback)
+        
+        # Filter kwargs to what the callback accepts to maintain backward compatibility
+        if any(p.kind == inspect.Parameter.VAR_KEYWORD for p in sig.parameters.values()):
+            # Callback accepts **kwargs, so pass all arguments
+            supported_kwargs = kwargs
+        else:
+            # Only pass arguments that the callback signature supports
+            supported_kwargs = {k: v for k, v in kwargs.items() if k in sig.parameters}
+        
         loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()
-        await loop.run_in_executor(None, lambda: callback(**kwargs))
+        await loop.run_in_executor(None, lambda: callback(**supported_kwargs))
     
     # Execute asynchronous callback if registered
     if display_type in async_display_callbacks:
         callback = async_display_callbacks[display_type]
-        await callback(**kwargs)
+        sig = inspect.signature(callback)
+        
+        # Filter kwargs to what the callback accepts to maintain backward compatibility
+        if any(p.kind == inspect.Parameter.VAR_KEYWORD for p in sig.parameters.values()):
+            # Callback accepts **kwargs, so pass all arguments
+            supported_kwargs = kwargs
+        else:
+            # Only pass arguments that the callback signature supports
+            supported_kwargs = {k: v for k, v in kwargs.items() if k in sig.parameters}
+        
+        await callback(**supported_kwargs)
 
 def _clean_display_content(content: str, max_length: int = 20000) -> str:
     """Helper function to clean and truncate content for display."""
@@ -101,7 +147,7 @@ def _clean_display_content(content: str, max_length: int = 20000) -> str:
     
     return content.strip()
 
-def display_interaction(message, response, markdown=True, generation_time=None, console=None):
+def display_interaction(message, response, markdown=True, generation_time=None, console=None, agent_name=None, agent_role=None, agent_tools=None, task_name=None, task_description=None, task_id=None):
     """Synchronous version of display_interaction."""
     if console is None:
         console = Console()
@@ -113,15 +159,20 @@ def display_interaction(message, response, markdown=True, generation_time=None,
     message = _clean_display_content(str(message))
     response = _clean_display_content(str(response))
 
-    # Execute synchronous callback if registered
-    if 'interaction' in sync_display_callbacks:
-        sync_display_callbacks['interaction'](
-            message=message,
-            response=response,
-            markdown=markdown,
-            generation_time=generation_time
-        )
-
+    # Execute synchronous callbacks
+    execute_sync_callback(
+        'interaction',
+        message=message,
+        response=response,
+        markdown=markdown,
+        generation_time=generation_time,
+        agent_name=agent_name,
+        agent_role=agent_role,
+        agent_tools=agent_tools,
+        task_name=task_name,
+        task_description=task_description,
+        task_id=task_id
+    )
     # Rest of the display logic...
     if generation_time:
         console.print(Text(f"Response generated in {generation_time:.1f}s", style="dim"))
@@ -140,9 +191,8 @@ def display_self_reflection(message: str, console=None):
         console = Console()
     message = _clean_display_content(str(message))
     
-    # Execute callback if registered
-    if 'self_reflection' in sync_display_callbacks:
-        sync_display_callbacks['self_reflection'](message=message)
+    # Execute synchronous callbacks
+    execute_sync_callback('self_reflection', message=message)
     
     console.print(Panel.fit(Text(message, style="bold yellow"), title="Self Reflection", border_style="magenta"))
 
@@ -153,9 +203,8 @@ def display_instruction(message: str, console=None, agent_name: str = None, agen
         console = Console()
     message = _clean_display_content(str(message))
     
-    # Execute callback if registered
-    if 'instruction' in sync_display_callbacks:
-        sync_display_callbacks['instruction'](message=message)
+    # Execute synchronous callbacks
+    execute_sync_callback('instruction', message=message, agent_name=agent_name, agent_role=agent_role, agent_tools=agent_tools)
     
     # Display agent info if available
     if agent_name:
@@ -181,9 +230,8 @@ def display_tool_call(message: str, console=None):
     message = _clean_display_content(str(message))
     logging.debug(f"Cleaned message in display_tool_call: {repr(message)}")
     
-    # Execute callback if registered
-    if 'tool_call' in sync_display_callbacks:
-        sync_display_callbacks['tool_call'](message=message)
+    # Execute synchronous callbacks
+    execute_sync_callback('tool_call', message=message)
     
     console.print(Panel.fit(Text(message, style="bold cyan"), title="Tool Call", border_style="green"))
 
@@ -194,9 +242,8 @@ def display_error(message: str, console=None):
         console = Console()
     message = _clean_display_content(str(message))
     
-    # Execute callback if registered
-    if 'error' in sync_display_callbacks:
-        sync_display_callbacks['error'](message=message)
+    # Execute synchronous callbacks
+    execute_sync_callback('error', message=message)
     
     console.print(Panel.fit(Text(message, style="bold red"), title="Error", border_style="red"))
     error_logs.append(message)
@@ -213,17 +260,13 @@ def display_generating(content: str = "", start_time: Optional[float] = None):
     
     content = _clean_display_content(str(content))
     
-    # Execute callback if registered
-    if 'generating' in sync_display_callbacks:
-        sync_display_callbacks['generating'](
-            content=content,
-            elapsed_time=elapsed_str.strip() if elapsed_str else None
-        )
+    # Execute synchronous callbacks
+    execute_sync_callback('generating', content=content, elapsed_time=elapsed_str.strip() if elapsed_str else None)
     
     return Panel(Markdown(content), title=f"Generating...{elapsed_str}", border_style="green")
 
 # Async versions with 'a' prefix
-async def adisplay_interaction(message, response, markdown=True, generation_time=None, console=None):
+async def adisplay_interaction(message, response, markdown=True, generation_time=None, console=None, agent_name=None, agent_role=None, agent_tools=None, task_name=None, task_description=None, task_id=None):
     """Async version of display_interaction."""
     if console is None:
         console = Console()
@@ -241,7 +284,13 @@ async def adisplay_interaction(message, response, markdown=True, generation_time
         message=message,
         response=response,
         markdown=markdown,
-        generation_time=generation_time
+        generation_time=generation_time,
+        agent_name=agent_name,
+        agent_role=agent_role,
+        agent_tools=agent_tools,
+        task_name=task_name,
+        task_description=task_description,
+        task_id=task_id
     )
 
     # Rest of the display logic...
@@ -263,8 +312,8 @@ async def adisplay_self_reflection(message: str, console=None):
         console = Console()
     message = _clean_display_content(str(message))
     
-    if 'self_reflection' in async_display_callbacks:
-        await async_display_callbacks['self_reflection'](message=message)
+    # Execute callbacks
+    await execute_callback('self_reflection', message=message)
     
     console.print(Panel.fit(Text(message, style="bold yellow"), title="Self Reflection", border_style="magenta"))
 
@@ -276,8 +325,8 @@ async def adisplay_instruction(message: str, console=None, agent_name: str = Non
         console = Console()
     message = _clean_display_content(str(message))
     
-    if 'instruction' in async_display_callbacks:
-        await async_display_callbacks['instruction'](message=message)
+    # Execute callbacks
+    await execute_callback('instruction', message=message, agent_name=agent_name, agent_role=agent_role, agent_tools=agent_tools)
     
     # Display agent info if available
     if agent_name:
@@ -304,8 +353,8 @@ async def adisplay_tool_call(message: str, console=None):
     message = _clean_display_content(str(message))
     logging.debug(f"Cleaned message in adisplay_tool_call: {repr(message)}")
     
-    if 'tool_call' in async_display_callbacks:
-        await async_display_callbacks['tool_call'](message=message)
+    # Execute callbacks
+    await execute_callback('tool_call', message=message)
     
     console.print(Panel.fit(Text(message, style="bold cyan"), title="Tool Call", border_style="green"))
 
@@ -317,8 +366,8 @@ async def adisplay_error(message: str, console=None):
         console = Console()
     message = _clean_display_content(str(message))
     
-    if 'error' in async_display_callbacks:
-        await async_display_callbacks['error'](message=message)
+    # Execute callbacks
+    await execute_callback('error', message=message)
     
     console.print(Panel.fit(Text(message, style="bold red"), title="Error", border_style="red"))
     error_logs.append(message)
@@ -336,11 +385,8 @@ async def adisplay_generating(content: str = "", start_time: Optional[float] = N
     
     content = _clean_display_content(str(content))
     
-    if 'generating' in async_display_callbacks:
-        await async_display_callbacks['generating'](
-            content=content,
-            elapsed_time=elapsed_str.strip() if elapsed_str else None
-        )
+    # Execute callbacks
+    await execute_callback('generating', content=content, elapsed_time=elapsed_str.strip() if elapsed_str else None)
     
     return Panel(Markdown(content), title=f"Generating...{elapsed_str}", border_style="green")
 

src/praisonai-agents/praisonaiagents/memory/memory.py

@@ -116,6 +116,16 @@ class Memory:
         self.use_mem0 = (self.provider.lower() == "mem0") and MEM0_AVAILABLE
         self.use_rag = (self.provider.lower() == "rag") and CHROMADB_AVAILABLE and self.cfg.get("use_embedding", False)
         self.graph_enabled = False  # Initialize graph support flag
+        
+        # Extract embedding model from config
+        self.embedder_config = self.cfg.get("embedder", {})
+        if isinstance(self.embedder_config, dict):
+            embedder_model_config = self.embedder_config.get("config", {})
+            self.embedding_model = embedder_model_config.get("model", "text-embedding-3-small")
+        else:
+            self.embedding_model = "text-embedding-3-small"
+        
+        self._log_verbose(f"Using embedding model: {self.embedding_model}")
 
         # Create .praison directory if it doesn't exist
         os.makedirs(".praison", exist_ok=True)
@@ -355,7 +365,7 @@ class Memory:
                     import litellm
                     
                     response = litellm.embedding(
-                        model="text-embedding-3-small",
+                        model=self.embedding_model,
                         input=query
                     )
                     query_embedding = response.data[0]["embedding"]
@@ -366,7 +376,7 @@ class Memory:
                     
                     response = client.embeddings.create(
                         input=query,
-                        model="text-embedding-3-small"
+                        model=self.embedding_model
                     )
                     query_embedding = response.data[0].embedding
                 else:
@@ -496,7 +506,7 @@ class Memory:
                     logger.debug(f"Embedding input text: {text}")
                     
                     response = litellm.embedding(
-                        model="text-embedding-3-small",
+                        model=self.embedding_model,
                         input=text
                     )
                     embedding = response.data[0]["embedding"]
@@ -513,7 +523,7 @@ class Memory:
                     
                     response = client.embeddings.create(
                         input=text,
-                        model="text-embedding-3-small"
+                        model=self.embedding_model
                     )
                     embedding = response.data[0].embedding
                     logger.info("Successfully got embeddings from OpenAI")
@@ -576,7 +586,7 @@ class Memory:
                     import litellm
                     
                     response = litellm.embedding(
-                        model="text-embedding-3-small",
+                        model=self.embedding_model,
                         input=query
                     )
                     query_embedding = response.data[0]["embedding"]
@@ -587,7 +597,7 @@ class Memory:
                     
                     response = client.embeddings.create(
                         input=query,
-                        model="text-embedding-3-small"
+                        model=self.embedding_model
                     )
                     query_embedding = response.data[0].embedding
                 else:

src/praisonai-agents/praisonaiagents/process/process.py

@@ -6,9 +6,9 @@ from pydantic import BaseModel, ConfigDict
 from ..agent.agent import Agent
 from ..task.task import Task
 from ..main import display_error
+from ..llm import LLM
 import csv
 import os
-from openai import AsyncOpenAI, OpenAI
 
 class LoopItems(BaseModel):
     model_config = ConfigDict(arbitrary_types_allowed=True)
@@ -34,12 +34,115 @@ class Process:
         self.task_retry_counter: Dict[str, int] = {} # Initialize retry counter
         self.workflow_finished = False # ADDED: Workflow finished flag
 
+    def _create_llm_instance(self):
+        """Create and return a configured LLM instance for manager tasks."""
+        return LLM(model=self.manager_llm, temperature=0.7)
+
+    def _parse_manager_instructions(self, response, ManagerInstructions):
+        """Parse LLM response and return ManagerInstructions instance.
+        
+        Args:
+            response: String response from LLM
+            ManagerInstructions: Pydantic model class for validation
+            
+        Returns:
+            ManagerInstructions instance
+            
+        Raises:
+            Exception: If parsing fails
+        """
+        try:
+            parsed_json = json.loads(response)
+            return ManagerInstructions(**parsed_json)
+        except (json.JSONDecodeError, ValueError, TypeError) as e:
+            raise Exception(f"Failed to parse response: {response}") from e
+
     def _create_loop_subtasks(self, loop_task: Task):
         """Create subtasks for a loop task from input file."""
-        logging.warning(f"_create_loop_subtasks called for {loop_task.name} but method not fully implemented")
-        # TODO: Implement loop subtask creation from input file
-        # This should read loop_task.input_file and create subtasks
-        pass
+        if not loop_task.input_file:
+            logging.warning(f"_create_loop_subtasks called for {loop_task.name} but no input_file specified")
+            return
+            
+        try:
+            file_ext = os.path.splitext(loop_task.input_file)[1].lower()
+            new_tasks = []
+
+            if file_ext == ".csv":
+                with open(loop_task.input_file, "r", encoding="utf-8") as f:
+                    reader = csv.reader(f, quotechar='"', escapechar='\\')
+                    previous_task = None
+                    task_count = 0
+
+                    for i, row in enumerate(reader):
+                        if not row:  # Skip empty rows
+                            continue
+
+                        # Handle Q&A pairs with potential commas
+                        task_desc = row[0].strip() if row else ""
+                        if len(row) > 1:
+                            question = row[0].strip()
+                            answer = ",".join(field.strip() for field in row[1:])
+                            task_desc = f"Question: {question}\nAnswer: {answer}"
+
+                        if not task_desc:  # Skip rows with empty content
+                            continue
+
+                        task_count += 1
+                        logging.debug(f"Creating subtask from CSV row {i+1}: {task_desc}")
+
+                        row_task = Task(
+                            description=f"{loop_task.description}\n{task_desc}" if loop_task.description else task_desc,
+                            agent=loop_task.agent,
+                            name=f"{loop_task.name}_{task_count}" if loop_task.name else task_desc,
+                            expected_output=getattr(loop_task, 'expected_output', None),
+                            callback=loop_task.callback,  # Inherit callback from parent loop task
+                            is_start=(task_count == 1),
+                            task_type="task"
+                        )
+                        self.tasks[row_task.id] = row_task
+                        new_tasks.append(row_task)
+
+                        if previous_task:
+                            previous_task.next_tasks = [row_task.name]
+                        previous_task = row_task
+
+                    logging.info(f"Created {task_count} subtasks from CSV file for {loop_task.name}")
+            else:
+                # Handle text files
+                with open(loop_task.input_file, "r", encoding="utf-8") as f:
+                    lines = f.read().splitlines()
+                    previous_task = None
+                    for i, line in enumerate(lines):
+                        if not line.strip():  # Skip empty lines
+                            continue
+                            
+                        row_task = Task(
+                            description=f"{loop_task.description}\n{line.strip()}" if loop_task.description else line.strip(),
+                            agent=loop_task.agent,
+                            name=f"{loop_task.name}_{i+1}" if loop_task.name else line.strip(),
+                            expected_output=getattr(loop_task, 'expected_output', None),
+                            callback=loop_task.callback,  # Inherit callback from parent loop task
+                            is_start=(i == 0),
+                            task_type="task"
+                        )
+                        self.tasks[row_task.id] = row_task
+                        new_tasks.append(row_task)
+
+                        if previous_task:
+                            previous_task.next_tasks = [row_task.name]
+                        previous_task = row_task
+
+                    logging.info(f"Created {len(new_tasks)} subtasks from text file for {loop_task.name}")
+
+            if new_tasks and loop_task.next_tasks:
+                # Connect last subtask to loop task's next tasks
+                last_task = new_tasks[-1]
+                last_task.next_tasks = loop_task.next_tasks
+
+        except Exception as e:
+            logging.error(f"Failed to create subtasks for loop task {loop_task.name}: {e}")
+            import traceback
+            traceback.print_exc()
 
     def _build_task_context(self, current_task: Task) -> str:
         """Build context for a task based on its retain_full_context setting"""
@@ -167,24 +270,24 @@ class Process:
 
     def _get_manager_instructions_with_fallback(self, manager_task, manager_prompt, ManagerInstructions):
         """Sync version of getting manager instructions with fallback"""
-        # Create OpenAI client
-        client = OpenAI()
+        # Create LLM instance with the manager_llm
+        llm = self._create_llm_instance()
+        
         try:
-            # First try structured output (OpenAI compatible)
+            # Use LLM with output_pydantic for structured output
             logging.info("Attempting structured output...")
-            manager_response = client.beta.chat.completions.parse(
-                model=self.manager_llm,
-                messages=[
-                    {"role": "system", "content": manager_task.description},
-                    {"role": "user", "content": manager_prompt}
-                ],
-                temperature=0.7,
-                response_format=ManagerInstructions
+            response = llm.get_response(
+                prompt=manager_prompt,
+                system_prompt=manager_task.description,
+                output_pydantic=ManagerInstructions
             )
-            return manager_response.choices[0].message.parsed
+            
+            # Parse the response and validate with Pydantic
+            return self._parse_manager_instructions(response, ManagerInstructions)
+                
         except Exception as e:
             logging.info(f"Structured output failed: {e}, falling back to JSON mode...")
-            # Fallback to regular JSON mode
+            # Fallback to regular JSON mode with explicit JSON instructions
             try:
                 # Generate JSON structure description from Pydantic model
                 try:
@@ -200,23 +303,14 @@ class Process:
                     # Fallback to hardcoded prompt if schema generation fails
                     enhanced_prompt = manager_prompt + "\n\nIMPORTANT: Respond with valid JSON only, using this exact structure: {\"task_id\": <int>, \"agent_name\": \"<string>\", \"action\": \"<execute or stop>\"}"
                 
-                manager_response = client.chat.completions.create(
-                    model=self.manager_llm,
-                    messages=[
-                        {"role": "system", "content": manager_task.description},
-                        {"role": "user", "content": enhanced_prompt}
-                    ],
-                    temperature=0.7,
-                    response_format={"type": "json_object"}
+                response = llm.get_response(
+                    prompt=enhanced_prompt,
+                    system_prompt=manager_task.description,
+                    output_json=True
                 )
                 
                 # Parse JSON and validate with Pydantic
-                try:
-                    json_content = manager_response.choices[0].message.content
-                    parsed_json = json.loads(json_content)
-                    return ManagerInstructions(**parsed_json)
-                except (json.JSONDecodeError, ValueError) as e:
-                    raise Exception(f"Failed to parse JSON response: {json_content}") from e
+                return self._parse_manager_instructions(response, ManagerInstructions)
             except Exception as fallback_error:
                 error_msg = f"Both structured output and JSON fallback failed: {fallback_error}"
                 logging.error(error_msg, exc_info=True)
@@ -224,41 +318,44 @@ class Process:
 
     async def _get_structured_response_async(self, manager_task, manager_prompt, ManagerInstructions):
         """Async version of structured response"""
-        # Create an async client instance for this async method
-        async_client = AsyncOpenAI()
-        manager_response = await async_client.beta.chat.completions.parse(
-            model=self.manager_llm,
-            messages=[
-                {"role": "system", "content": manager_task.description},
-                {"role": "user", "content": manager_prompt}
-            ],
-            temperature=0.7,
-            response_format=ManagerInstructions
+        # Create LLM instance with the manager_llm
+        llm = self._create_llm_instance()
+        
+        # Use async get_response with output_pydantic
+        response = await llm.get_response_async(
+            prompt=manager_prompt,
+            system_prompt=manager_task.description,
+            output_pydantic=ManagerInstructions
         )
-        return manager_response.choices[0].message.parsed
+        
+        # Parse the response and validate with Pydantic
+        return self._parse_manager_instructions(response, ManagerInstructions)
 
     async def _get_json_response_async(self, manager_task, enhanced_prompt, ManagerInstructions):
         """Async version of JSON fallback response"""
-        # Create an async client instance for this async method
-        async_client = AsyncOpenAI()
-        manager_response = await async_client.chat.completions.create(
-            model=self.manager_llm,
-            messages=[
-                {"role": "system", "content": manager_task.description},
-                {"role": "user", "content": enhanced_prompt}
-            ],
-            temperature=0.7,
-            response_format={"type": "json_object"}
+        # Create LLM instance with the manager_llm
+        llm = self._create_llm_instance()
+        
+        response = await llm.get_response_async(
+            prompt=enhanced_prompt,
+            system_prompt=manager_task.description,
+            output_json=True
         )
         
         # Parse JSON and validate with Pydantic
-        try:
-            json_content = manager_response.choices[0].message.content
-            parsed_json = json.loads(json_content)
-            return ManagerInstructions(**parsed_json)
-        except (json.JSONDecodeError, ValueError) as e:
-            raise Exception(f"Failed to parse JSON response: {json_content}") from e
+        return self._parse_manager_instructions(response, ManagerInstructions)
 
+    def _check_all_tasks_completed(self) -> bool:
+        """Check if all tasks are completed and handle workflow completion.
+        
+        Returns:
+            bool: True if all tasks are completed and workflow should exit, False otherwise.
+        """
+        if all(task.status == "completed" for task in self.tasks.values()):
+            logging.info("All tasks are completed.")
+            self.workflow_finished = True
+            return True
+        return False
 
     async def aworkflow(self) -> AsyncGenerator[str, None]:
         """Async version of workflow method"""
@@ -321,10 +418,8 @@ Tasks by type:
             """)
 
             # ADDED: Check if all tasks are completed and set workflow_finished flag
-            if all(task.status == "completed" for task in self.tasks.values()):
-                logging.info("All tasks are completed.")
-                self.workflow_finished = True
-                # The next iteration loop check will break the workflow
+            if self._check_all_tasks_completed():
+                break  # Exit immediately to prevent task reset
 
             task_id = current_task.id
             logging.debug(f"""
@@ -469,16 +564,18 @@ Subtask: {st.name}
                 logging.debug(f"Task type: {task_to_check.task_type}")
                 logging.debug(f"Task status before reset check: {task_to_check.status}")
                 logging.debug(f"Task rerun: {getattr(task_to_check, 'rerun', True)}") # default to True if not set
+                logging.debug(f"Task async_execution: {task_to_check.async_execution}")
 
                 if (getattr(task_to_check, 'rerun', True) and # Corrected condition - reset only if rerun is True (or default True)
                     task_to_check.task_type != "loop" and # Removed "decision" from exclusion
                     not any(t.task_type == "loop" and subtask_name.startswith(t.name + "_")
-                           for t in self.tasks.values())):
-                    logging.debug(f"=== Resetting non-loop, non-decision task {subtask_name} to 'not started' ===")
+                           for t in self.tasks.values()) and
+                    not task_to_check.async_execution):  # Don't reset async parallel tasks
+                    logging.debug(f"=== Resetting non-loop, non-decision, non-parallel task {subtask_name} to 'not started' ===")
                     self.tasks[task_id].status = "not started"
                     logging.debug(f"Task status after reset: {self.tasks[task_id].status}")
                 else:
-                    logging.debug(f"=== Skipping reset for loop/decision/subtask or rerun=False: {subtask_name} ===")
+                    logging.debug(f"=== Skipping reset for loop/decision/subtask/parallel or rerun=False: {subtask_name} ===")
                     logging.debug(f"Keeping status as: {self.tasks[task_id].status}")
 
             # Handle loop progression
@@ -792,6 +889,7 @@ Provide a JSON with the structure:
                                 agent=start_task.agent,
                                 name=f"{start_task.name}_{task_count}" if start_task.name else task_desc,
                                 expected_output=getattr(start_task, 'expected_output', None),
+                                callback=start_task.callback,  # Inherit callback from parent loop task
                                 is_start=(task_count == 1),
                                 task_type="decision",  # Change to decision type
                                 next_tasks=inherited_next_tasks,  # Inherit parent's next tasks
@@ -825,6 +923,7 @@ Provide a JSON with the structure:
                                 agent=start_task.agent,
                                 name=f"{start_task.name}_{i+1}" if start_task.name else line.strip(),
                                 expected_output=getattr(start_task, 'expected_output', None),
+                                callback=start_task.callback,  # Inherit callback from parent loop task
                                 is_start=(i == 0),
                                 task_type="task",
                                 condition={
@@ -879,10 +978,8 @@ Tasks by type:
             """)
 
             # ADDED: Check if all tasks are completed and set workflow_finished flag
-            if all(task.status == "completed" for task in self.tasks.values()):
-                logging.info("All tasks are completed.")
-                self.workflow_finished = True
-                # The next iteration loop check will break the workflow
+            if self._check_all_tasks_completed():
+                break  # Exit immediately to prevent task reset
 
 
             # Handle loop task file reading at runtime
@@ -910,6 +1007,7 @@ Tasks by type:
                                             agent=current_task.agent,
                                             name=f"{current_task.name}_{i+1}" if current_task.name else task_desc,
                                             expected_output=getattr(current_task, 'expected_output', None),
+                                            callback=current_task.callback,  # Inherit callback from parent loop task
                                             is_start=(i == 0),
                                             task_type="task",
                                             condition={
@@ -934,6 +1032,7 @@ Tasks by type:
                                         agent=current_task.agent,
                                         name=f"{current_task.name}_{i+1}" if current_task.name else line.strip(),
                                         expected_output=getattr(current_task, 'expected_output', None),
+                                        callback=current_task.callback,  # Inherit callback from parent loop task
                                         is_start=(i == 0),
                                         task_type="task",
                                         condition={
@@ -1099,16 +1198,18 @@ Subtask: {st.name}
                 logging.debug(f"Task type: {task_to_check.task_type}")
                 logging.debug(f"Task status before reset check: {task_to_check.status}")
                 logging.debug(f"Task rerun: {getattr(task_to_check, 'rerun', True)}") # default to True if not set
+                logging.debug(f"Task async_execution: {task_to_check.async_execution}")
 
                 if (getattr(task_to_check, 'rerun', True) and # Corrected condition - reset only if rerun is True (or default True)
                     task_to_check.task_type != "loop" and # Removed "decision" from exclusion
                     not any(t.task_type == "loop" and subtask_name.startswith(t.name + "_")
-                           for t in self.tasks.values())):
-                    logging.debug(f"=== Resetting non-loop, non-decision task {subtask_name} to 'not started' ===")
+                           for t in self.tasks.values()) and
+                    not task_to_check.async_execution):  # Don't reset async parallel tasks
+                    logging.debug(f"=== Resetting non-loop, non-decision, non-parallel task {subtask_name} to 'not started' ===")
                     self.tasks[task_id].status = "not started"
                     logging.debug(f"Task status after reset: {self.tasks[task_id].status}")
                 else:
-                    logging.debug(f"=== Skipping reset for loop/decision/subtask or rerun=False: {subtask_name} ===")
+                    logging.debug(f"=== Skipping reset for loop/decision/subtask/parallel or rerun=False: {subtask_name} ===")
                     logging.debug(f"Keeping status as: {self.tasks[task_id].status}")
 
 

src/praisonai-agents/praisonaiagents/session.py

@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ class Session:
         if not self.is_remote:
             default_memory_config = {
                 "provider": "rag",
-                "use_embedding": True,
+                "use_embedding": False,  # Disable embeddings to avoid OpenAI API key requirement
                 "rag_db_path": f".praison/sessions/{self.session_id}/chroma_db"
             }
             if memory_config:
@@ -96,6 +96,7 @@ class Session:
             self._memory = None
             self._knowledge = None
             self._agents_instance = None
+            self._agents = {}  # Track agents and their chat histories
         else:
             # For remote sessions, disable local memory/knowledge
             self.memory_config = {}
@@ -103,6 +104,7 @@ class Session:
             self._memory = None
             self._knowledge = None
             self._agents_instance = None
+            self._agents = {}  # Track agents and their chat histories
 
     @property
     def memory(self) -> Memory:
@@ -170,7 +172,23 @@ class Session:
             agent_kwargs["knowledge"] = knowledge
             agent_kwargs["knowledge_config"] = self.knowledge_config
 
-        return Agent(**agent_kwargs)
+        agent = Agent(**agent_kwargs)
+        
+        # Create a unique key for this agent (using name and role)
+        agent_key = f"{name}:{role}"
+        
+        # Restore chat history if it exists from previous sessions
+        if agent_key in self._agents:
+            agent.chat_history = self._agents[agent_key].get("chat_history", [])
+        else:
+            # Try to restore from memory for backward compatibility
+            restored_history = self._restore_agent_chat_history(agent_key)
+            agent.chat_history = restored_history
+        
+        # Track the agent
+        self._agents[agent_key] = {"agent": agent, "chat_history": agent.chat_history}
+        
+        return agent
 
     # Keep create_agent for backward compatibility
     def create_agent(self, *args, **kwargs) -> Agent:
@@ -189,6 +207,11 @@ class Session:
         """
         if self.is_remote:
             raise ValueError("State operations are not available for remote agent sessions")
+            
+        # Save agent chat histories first
+        self._save_agent_chat_histories()
+        
+        # Save session state
         state_text = f"Session state: {state_data}"
         self.memory.store_short_term(
             text=state_text,
@@ -212,12 +235,15 @@ class Session:
         """
         if self.is_remote:
             raise ValueError("State operations are not available for remote agent sessions")
-        # Use metadata-based search for better SQLite compatibility
+        # Use content-based search for better SQLite compatibility
         results = self.memory.search_short_term(
-            query=f"type:session_state",
+            query="Session state:",
             limit=10  # Get more results to filter by session_id
         )
 
+        # Restore agent chat histories first
+        self._restore_agent_chat_histories()
+        
         # Filter results by session_id in metadata
         for result in results:
             metadata = result.get("metadata", {})
@@ -230,6 +256,97 @@ class Session:
 
         return {}
 
+    def _restore_agent_chat_history(self, agent_key: str) -> List[Dict[str, Any]]:
+        """
+        Restore agent chat history from memory.
+        
+        Args:
+            agent_key: Unique identifier for the agent
+            
+        Returns:
+            List of chat history messages or empty list if not found
+        """
+        if self.is_remote:
+            return []
+        
+        # Search for agent chat history in memory
+        results = self.memory.search_short_term(
+            query="Agent chat history for",
+            limit=10
+        )
+        
+        # Filter results by session_id and agent_key
+        for result in results:
+            metadata = result.get("metadata", {})
+            if (metadata.get("type") == "agent_chat_history" and 
+                metadata.get("session_id") == self.session_id and
+                metadata.get("agent_key") == agent_key):
+                # Extract chat history from metadata
+                chat_history = metadata.get("chat_history", [])
+                return chat_history
+        
+        return []
+
+    def _restore_agent_chat_histories(self) -> None:
+        """
+        Restore all agent chat histories from memory.
+        """
+        if self.is_remote:
+            return
+        
+        # Search for all agent chat histories in memory
+        results = self.memory.search_short_term(
+            query="Agent chat history for",
+            limit=50  # Get many results to find all agents
+        )
+        
+        # Filter and restore chat histories for this session
+        for result in results:
+            metadata = result.get("metadata", {})
+            if (metadata.get("type") == "agent_chat_history" and 
+                metadata.get("session_id") == self.session_id):
+                agent_key = metadata.get("agent_key")
+                chat_history = metadata.get("chat_history", [])
+                
+                if agent_key and chat_history:
+                    # Store in _agents dict for later retrieval
+                    self._agents[agent_key] = {
+                        "agent": None,  # Will be populated when Agent is created
+                        "chat_history": chat_history
+                    }
+
+    def _save_agent_chat_histories(self) -> None:
+        """
+        Save all agent chat histories to memory.
+        """
+        if self.is_remote:
+            return
+        
+        for agent_key, agent_data in self._agents.items():
+            agent = agent_data.get("agent")
+            chat_history = None
+            
+            # Prioritize history from the live agent object, but fall back to restored history
+            if agent and hasattr(agent, 'chat_history'):
+                chat_history = agent.chat_history
+                agent_data["chat_history"] = chat_history  # Ensure tracked history is up-to-date
+            else:
+                chat_history = agent_data.get("chat_history")
+            
+            if chat_history is not None:
+                # Save to memory
+                history_text = f"Agent chat history for {agent_key}"
+                self.memory.store_short_term(
+                    text=history_text,
+                    metadata={
+                        "type": "agent_chat_history",
+                        "session_id": self.session_id,
+                        "user_id": self.user_id,
+                        "agent_key": agent_key,
+                        "chat_history": chat_history
+                    }
+                )
+
     def get_state(self, key: str, default: Any = None) -> Any:
         """Get a specific state value"""
         state = self.restore_state()
@@ -241,6 +358,11 @@ class Session:
         current_state[key] = value
         self.save_state(current_state)
 
+    def increment_state(self, key: str, increment: int = 1, default: int = 0) -> None:
+        """Increment a numeric state value"""
+        current_value = self.get_state(key, default)
+        self.set_state(key, current_value + increment)
+
     def add_memory(self, text: str, memory_type: str = "long", **metadata) -> None:
         """
         Add information to session memory.

src/praisonai-agents/praisonaiagents/task/task.py

@@ -172,8 +172,15 @@ class Task:
             # Check return annotation if present
             return_annotation = sig.return_annotation
             if return_annotation != inspect.Signature.empty:
+                # Import GuardrailResult for checking
+                from ..guardrails import GuardrailResult
+                
+                # Check if it's a GuardrailResult type
+                is_guardrail_result = return_annotation is GuardrailResult
+                
+                # Check for tuple return type
                 return_annotation_args = get_args(return_annotation)
-                if not (
+                is_tuple = (
                     get_origin(return_annotation) is tuple
                     and len(return_annotation_args) == 2
                     and return_annotation_args[0] is bool
@@ -183,9 +190,11 @@ class Task:
                         or return_annotation_args[1] is TaskOutput
                         or return_annotation_args[1] == Union[str, TaskOutput]
                     )
-                ):
+                )
+                
+                if not (is_guardrail_result or is_tuple):
                     raise ValueError(
-                        "If return type is annotated, it must be Tuple[bool, Any]"
+                        "If return type is annotated, it must be GuardrailResult or Tuple[bool, Any]"
                     )
             
             self._guardrail_fn = self.guardrail
@@ -372,13 +381,10 @@ class Task:
                 logger.exception(e)  # Print full stack trace
                 # Continue execution even if memory operations fail
 
-        # Execute original callback
+        # Execute original callback with metadata support
         if self.callback:
             try:
-                if asyncio.iscoroutinefunction(self.callback):
-                    await self.callback(task_output)
-                else:
-                    self.callback(task_output)
+                await self._execute_callback_with_metadata(task_output)
             except Exception as e:
                 logger.error(f"Task {self.id}: Failed to execute callback: {e}")
                 logger.exception(e)
@@ -447,7 +453,11 @@ Context:
             # Call the guardrail function
             result = self._guardrail_fn(task_output)
             
-            # Convert the result to a GuardrailResult
+            # Check if result is already a GuardrailResult
+            if isinstance(result, GuardrailResult):
+                return result
+            
+            # Otherwise, convert the tuple result to a GuardrailResult
             return GuardrailResult.from_tuple(result)
             
         except Exception as e:
@@ -457,4 +467,63 @@ Context:
                 success=False,
                 result=None,
                 error=f"Guardrail validation error: {str(e)}"
-            )
+            )
+    
+    async def _execute_callback_with_metadata(self, task_output):
+        """Execute callback with metadata support while maintaining backward compatibility.
+        
+        This method automatically detects the callback signature:
+        - Single parameter callbacks receive only TaskOutput (backward compatible)
+        - Two parameter callbacks receive TaskOutput and metadata dict (enhanced)
+        
+        Args:
+            task_output: The TaskOutput object to pass to the callback
+        """
+        if not self.callback:
+            return
+            
+        try:
+            # Inspect the callback signature to determine parameter count
+            sig = inspect.signature(self.callback)
+            param_count = len(sig.parameters)
+            
+            if param_count == 1:
+                # Backward compatible: single parameter callback
+                if asyncio.iscoroutinefunction(self.callback):
+                    await self.callback(task_output)
+                else:
+                    self.callback(task_output)
+            elif param_count >= 2:
+                # Enhanced: two parameter callback with metadata
+                metadata = {
+                    'task_id': self.id,
+                    'task_name': self.name,
+                    'agent_name': self.agent.name if self.agent else None,
+                    'task_type': self.task_type,
+                    'task_status': self.status,
+                    'task_description': self.description,
+                    'expected_output': self.expected_output,
+                    'input_file': getattr(self, 'input_file', None),
+                    'loop_state': self.loop_state,
+                    'retry_count': getattr(self, 'retry_count', 0),
+                    'async_execution': self.async_execution
+                }
+                
+                if asyncio.iscoroutinefunction(self.callback):
+                    await self.callback(task_output, metadata)
+                else:
+                    self.callback(task_output, metadata)
+            else:
+                # No parameter callback - unusual but handle gracefully
+                if asyncio.iscoroutinefunction(self.callback):
+                    await self.callback()
+                else:
+                    self.callback()
+                    
+        except TypeError as e:
+            # Fallback for signature inspection issues
+            logger.warning(f"Task {self.id}: Callback signature inspection failed, falling back to single parameter: {e}")
+            if asyncio.iscoroutinefunction(self.callback):
+                await self.callback(task_output)
+            else:
+                self.callback(task_output)

src/praisonai-agents/praisonaiagents/telemetry/telemetry.py

@@ -116,8 +116,17 @@ class MinimalTelemetry:
             
         self._metrics["agent_executions"] += 1
         
-        # In a real implementation, this would send to a backend
-        # For now, just log at debug level
+        # Send event to PostHog
+        if self._posthog:
+            self._posthog.capture(
+                distinct_id=self.session_id,
+                event='agent_execution',
+                properties={
+                    'success': success,
+                    'session_id': self.session_id
+                }
+            )
+        
         self.logger.debug(f"Agent execution tracked: success={success}")
     
     def track_task_completion(self, task_name: str = None, success: bool = True):
@@ -133,6 +142,17 @@ class MinimalTelemetry:
             
         self._metrics["task_completions"] += 1
         
+        # Send event to PostHog
+        if self._posthog:
+            self._posthog.capture(
+                distinct_id=self.session_id,
+                event='task_completion',
+                properties={
+                    'success': success,
+                    'session_id': self.session_id
+                }
+            )
+        
         self.logger.debug(f"Task completion tracked: success={success}")
     
     def track_tool_usage(self, tool_name: str, success: bool = True):
@@ -148,6 +168,18 @@ class MinimalTelemetry:
             
         self._metrics["tool_calls"] += 1
         
+        # Send event to PostHog
+        if self._posthog:
+            self._posthog.capture(
+                distinct_id=self.session_id,
+                event='tool_usage',
+                properties={
+                    'tool_name': tool_name,
+                    'success': success,
+                    'session_id': self.session_id
+                }
+            )
+        
         # Only track tool name, not arguments or results
         self.logger.debug(f"Tool usage tracked: {tool_name}, success={success}")
     
@@ -163,6 +195,17 @@ class MinimalTelemetry:
             
         self._metrics["errors"] += 1
         
+        # Send event to PostHog
+        if self._posthog:
+            self._posthog.capture(
+                distinct_id=self.session_id,
+                event='error',
+                properties={
+                    'error_type': error_type or 'unknown',
+                    'session_id': self.session_id
+                }
+            )
+        
         # Only track error type, not full error messages
         self.logger.debug(f"Error tracked: type={error_type or 'unknown'}")
     
@@ -176,6 +219,17 @@ class MinimalTelemetry:
         if not self.enabled:
             return
             
+        # Send event to PostHog
+        if self._posthog:
+            self._posthog.capture(
+                distinct_id=self.session_id,
+                event='feature_usage',
+                properties={
+                    'feature_name': feature_name,
+                    'session_id': self.session_id
+                }
+            )
+            
         # Track which features are being used
         self.logger.debug(f"Feature usage tracked: {feature_name}")
     

src/praisonai-agents/praisonaiagents/tools/README.md

@@ -99,6 +99,19 @@ Ask yourself these questions:
 - Each search is independent and secure
 - Alternative to traditional search engines for privacy
 
+
+### Spider Tool (Function-Based)
+- General-purpose web scraping and crawling
+- Supports CSS selectors for precise content extraction
+- Can crawl multiple pages and extract links/images
+- Flexible for various web scraping needs
+
+### Newspaper Tool (Function-Based)
+- Specialized for news article extraction
+- Extracts article title, text, authors, and publish date
+- Includes NLP processing for keywords and summaries
+- Categorizes news sources by topic
+
 ### Stock Market Tool (Class-Based)
 - Does multiple things: check prices, get company info, get historical data
 - Remembers stock information to avoid repeated downloads

src/praisonai-agents/praisonaiagents/tools/__init__.py

@@ -39,6 +39,7 @@ TOOL_MAPPINGS = {
     'extract_text': ('.spider_tools', None),
     'spider_tools': ('.spider_tools', None),
     
+    
     # DuckDB Tools
     'query': ('.duckdb_tools', None),
     'create_table': ('.duckdb_tools', None),

src/praisonai-agents/pyproject.toml

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ build-backend = "setuptools.build_meta"
 
 [project]
 name = "praisonaiagents"
-version = "0.0.126"
+version = "0.0.136"
 description = "Praison AI agents for completing complex tasks with Self Reflection Agents"
 requires-python = ">=3.10"
 authors = [
@@ -14,7 +14,6 @@ dependencies = [
     "pydantic",
     "rich",
     "openai",
-    "mcp>=1.6.0",
     "posthog>=3.0.0",
     "aiohttp>=3.8.0"
 ]
@@ -61,6 +60,7 @@ telemetry = [
     "posthog>=3.0.0"
 ]
 
+
 # Combined features
 all = [
     "praisonaiagents[memory]",

src/praisonai-agents/reproduce_issue_878_simple.py

@@ -0,0 +1,341 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+"""
+Simple test script to isolate the duplicate callback issue #878.
+This script directly tests the LLM class to determine where the duplicate callbacks originate.
+
+ROOT CAUSE IDENTIFIED:
+In llm.py, there are two separate callback execution paths:
+1. execute_sync_callback() called directly (lines 851-857, 885-891, etc.)
+2. display_interaction() called when verbose=True (line 896, etc.)
+
+Since display_interaction() ALSO executes sync callbacks internally (main.py lines 164-190),
+this results in duplicate callback execution for the same LLM response.
+
+The issue occurs specifically when verbose=True because both callback paths are active.
+"""
+
+import os
+import sys
+
+# Add the path to the praisonaiagents module
+sys.path.insert(0, os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), 'src', 'praisonai-agents'))
+
+from praisonaiagents import register_display_callback
+from praisonaiagents.llm.llm import LLM
+
+# Global counter and log
+callback_invocations = []
+
+def track_callback(message=None, response=None, **kwargs):
+    """
+    Callback function that tracks each invocation with detailed information.
+    """
+    invocation = {
+        'count': len(callback_invocations) + 1,
+        'message': str(message)[:100] if message else None,
+        'response': str(response)[:100] if response else None,
+        'kwargs_keys': list(kwargs.keys()) if kwargs else [],
+        'stack_trace': get_simplified_stack_trace()
+    }
+    callback_invocations.append(invocation)
+    
+    print(f"🔔 CALLBACK #{invocation['count']}")
+    print(f"   Message: {invocation['message']}")
+    print(f"   Response: {invocation['response']}")
+    print(f"   Called from: {invocation['stack_trace']}")
+    print()
+
+def get_simplified_stack_trace():
+    """Get a simplified stack trace to see where the callback is called from."""
+    import traceback
+    import inspect
+    
+    # Get the current stack
+    stack = inspect.stack()
+    
+    # Find relevant frames (skip our own callback function)
+    relevant_frames = []
+    for frame in stack[2:8]:  # Skip track_callback and get_simplified_stack_trace
+        filename = os.path.basename(frame.filename)
+        if 'praisonaiagents' in frame.filename:
+            relevant_frames.append(f"{filename}:{frame.lineno} in {frame.function}")
+    
+    return " -> ".join(relevant_frames) if relevant_frames else "Unknown"
+
+def test_llm_streaming():
+    """Test LLM with streaming enabled."""
+    print("🧪 TEST 1: LLM with streaming")
+    print("-" * 40)
+    
+    global callback_invocations
+    callback_invocations = []
+    
+    # Register callback
+    register_display_callback('interaction', track_callback, is_async=False)
+    
+    try:
+        llm = LLM(model="gemini/gemini-2.5-flash-lite-preview-06-17", verbose=False)
+        
+        response = llm.get_response(
+            prompt="Say exactly: Hello World",
+            verbose=True,  # This should trigger the callback
+            stream=True    # Test with streaming
+        )
+        
+        print(f"✅ Response: {response}")
+        print(f"📊 Total callback invocations: {len(callback_invocations)}")
+        
+        return len(callback_invocations)
+        
+    except Exception as e:
+        print(f"❌ Error: {e}")
+        return -1
+
+def test_llm_non_streaming():
+    """Test LLM without streaming."""
+    print("🧪 TEST 2: LLM without streaming")
+    print("-" * 40)
+    
+    global callback_invocations
+    callback_invocations = []
+    
+    # Register callback
+    register_display_callback('interaction', track_callback, is_async=False)
+    
+    try:
+        llm = LLM(model="gemini/gemini-2.5-flash-lite-preview-06-17", verbose=False)
+        
+        response = llm.get_response(
+            prompt="Say exactly: Hello World",
+            verbose=True,  # This should trigger the callback
+            stream=False   # Test without streaming
+        )
+        
+        print(f"✅ Response: {response}")
+        print(f"📊 Total callback invocations: {len(callback_invocations)}")
+        
+        return len(callback_invocations)
+        
+    except Exception as e:
+        print(f"❌ Error: {e}")
+        return -1
+
+def test_llm_with_self_reflection():
+    """Test LLM with self-reflection enabled."""
+    print("🧪 TEST 3: LLM with self-reflection")
+    print("-" * 40)
+    
+    global callback_invocations
+    callback_invocations = []
+    
+    # Register callback
+    register_display_callback('interaction', track_callback, is_async=False)
+    
+    try:
+        llm = LLM(model="gemini/gemini-2.5-flash-lite-preview-06-17", verbose=False, self_reflect=True)
+        
+        response = llm.get_response(
+            prompt="Say exactly: Hello World",
+            verbose=True,    # This should trigger the callback
+            self_reflect=True,
+            min_reflect=1,
+            max_reflect=1
+        )
+        
+        print(f"✅ Response: {response}")
+        print(f"📊 Total callback invocations: {len(callback_invocations)}")
+        
+        return len(callback_invocations)
+        
+    except Exception as e:
+        print(f"❌ Error: {e}")
+        return -1
+
+def test_verbose_vs_non_verbose():
+    """Test the key difference: verbose=True vs verbose=False to isolate the duplicate issue."""
+    print("🧪 TEST 4: Verbose vs Non-Verbose (Key Test for Duplicate Issue)")
+    print("-" * 60)
+    
+    global callback_invocations
+    
+    # Test with verbose=False (should trigger callback once via execute_sync_callback)
+    print("  🔹 Testing with verbose=False:")
+    callback_invocations = []
+    register_display_callback('interaction', track_callback, is_async=False)
+    
+    try:
+        llm = LLM(model="gemini/gemini-2.5-flash-lite-preview-06-17", verbose=False)
+        response = llm.get_response(
+            prompt="Say exactly: Test Non-Verbose",
+            verbose=False  # This should only trigger execute_sync_callback
+        )
+        print(f"    Response: {response}")
+        print(f"    Callbacks with verbose=False: {len(callback_invocations)}")
+        non_verbose_count = len(callback_invocations)
+    except Exception as e:
+        print(f"    ❌ Error: {e}")
+        non_verbose_count = -1
+    
+    print()
+    
+    # Test with verbose=True (should trigger callback twice: execute_sync_callback + display_interaction)
+    print("  🔹 Testing with verbose=True:")
+    callback_invocations = []
+    register_display_callback('interaction', track_callback, is_async=False)
+    
+    try:
+        llm = LLM(model="gemini/gemini-2.5-flash-lite-preview-06-17", verbose=False)
+        response = llm.get_response(
+            prompt="Say exactly: Test Verbose",
+            verbose=True  # This should trigger BOTH execute_sync_callback AND display_interaction
+        )
+        print(f"    Response: {response}")
+        print(f"    Callbacks with verbose=True: {len(callback_invocations)}")
+        verbose_count = len(callback_invocations)
+        
+        # Show the call stack differences
+        if len(callback_invocations) > 1:
+            print(f"\n    📋 Call stack analysis:")
+            for i, inv in enumerate(callback_invocations):
+                print(f"      Callback #{i+1}: {inv['stack_trace']}")
+        
+    except Exception as e:
+        print(f"    ❌ Error: {e}")
+        verbose_count = -1
+    
+    print(f"\n  📊 RESULT:")
+    print(f"    verbose=False: {non_verbose_count} callback(s)")
+    print(f"    verbose=True:  {verbose_count} callback(s)")
+    
+    if verbose_count > non_verbose_count and verbose_count > 1:
+        print(f"    🚨 DUPLICATE ISSUE CONFIRMED!")
+        print(f"       verbose=True triggers {verbose_count - non_verbose_count} extra callback(s)")
+    
+    return verbose_count
+
+def test_multiple_calls():
+    """Test multiple consecutive calls to see pattern."""
+    print("🧪 TEST 5: Multiple consecutive calls")
+    print("-" * 40)
+    
+    global callback_invocations
+    callback_invocations = []
+    
+    # Register callback
+    register_display_callback('interaction', track_callback, is_async=False)
+    
+    try:
+        llm = LLM(model="gemini/gemini-2.5-flash-lite-preview-06-17", verbose=False)
+        
+        for i in range(3):
+            print(f"  Call {i+1}:")
+            response = llm.get_response(
+                prompt=f"Say exactly: Call {i+1}",
+                verbose=True
+            )
+            print(f"    Response: {response}")
+        
+        print(f"📊 Total callback invocations across 3 calls: {len(callback_invocations)}")
+        
+        return len(callback_invocations)
+        
+    except Exception as e:
+        print(f"❌ Error: {e}")
+        return -1
+
+def analyze_callback_patterns():
+    """Analyze the patterns in callback invocations."""
+    print("\n📊 CALLBACK PATTERN ANALYSIS")
+    print("=" * 50)
+    
+    if not callback_invocations:
+        print("❌ No callback invocations recorded")
+        return
+    
+    print(f"Total invocations: {len(callback_invocations)}")
+    print("\nDetailed breakdown:")
+    
+    for inv in callback_invocations:
+        print(f"  #{inv['count']}: {inv['stack_trace']}")
+        if inv['message']:
+            print(f"    Message: {inv['message']}")
+        if inv['response']: 
+            print(f"    Response: {inv['response']}")
+        print()
+    
+    # Look for duplicate patterns
+    unique_traces = set(inv['stack_trace'] for inv in callback_invocations)
+    if len(unique_traces) < len(callback_invocations):
+        print("⚠️  POTENTIAL DUPLICATE PATTERN DETECTED!")
+        print("Some callbacks are coming from the same call stack.")
+    else:
+        print("✅ All callbacks appear to come from different call paths.")
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    print("🔬 ISOLATING DUPLICATE CALLBACK ISSUE #878")
+    print("=" * 60)
+    print("This script tests the LLM class directly to isolate where duplicate callbacks occur.")
+    print()
+    
+    # Run different test scenarios
+    results = {}
+    
+    # Test 1: Streaming
+    results['streaming'] = test_llm_streaming()
+    print()
+    
+    # Test 2: Non-streaming  
+    results['non_streaming'] = test_llm_non_streaming()
+    print()
+    
+    # Test 3: Self-reflection
+    results['self_reflection'] = test_llm_with_self_reflection()
+    print()
+    
+    # Test 4: Verbose vs Non-Verbose (KEY TEST)
+    results['verbose_vs_nonverbose'] = test_verbose_vs_non_verbose()
+    print()
+    
+    # Test 5: Multiple calls
+    results['multiple_calls'] = test_multiple_calls()
+    print()
+    
+    # Analyze patterns
+    analyze_callback_patterns()
+    
+    # Summary
+    print("\n🏁 SUMMARY OF RESULTS")
+    print("=" * 40)
+    
+    expected_single_call_tests = ['streaming', 'non_streaming', 'self_reflection']
+    issues_detected = []
+    
+    for test_name, count in results.items():
+        if count == -1:
+            print(f"{test_name}: ERROR")
+        elif test_name == 'multiple_calls':
+            expected = 3
+            print(f"{test_name}: {count} invocations (expected ~{expected})")
+            if count > expected * 1.5:  # Allow some tolerance
+                issues_detected.append(f"{test_name}: {count} > expected {expected}")
+        elif test_name == 'verbose_vs_nonverbose':
+            # This is the key test - verbose=True should show the duplicate issue
+            print(f"{test_name}: {count} invocations (this test shows verbose=True duplicates)")
+            if count > 1:
+                issues_detected.append(f"{test_name}: verbose=True triggered {count} callbacks (duplicate issue)")
+        else:
+            expected = 1
+            print(f"{test_name}: {count} invocations (expected {expected})")
+            if count > expected:
+                issues_detected.append(f"{test_name}: {count} > expected {expected}")
+    
+    if issues_detected:
+        print(f"\n❌ DUPLICATE CALLBACK ISSUES DETECTED:")
+        for issue in issues_detected:
+            print(f"  - {issue}")
+        print("\nThe callback system is triggering multiple times when it should trigger once.")
+        sys.exit(1)
+    else:
+        print(f"\n✅ NO DUPLICATE CALLBACK ISSUES DETECTED")
+        print("All callback invocations appear to be working as expected.")
+        sys.exit(0)

src/praisonai-agents/session_memory.py

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+from praisonaiagents import Session
+
+# Create a session with ID
+session = Session(
+    session_id="chat_123",
+    user_id="user_456"
+)
+
+agent = session.Agent(
+    name="Assistant",
+    instructions="You are a helpful assistant with memory.",
+    llm="gemini/gemini-2.5-flash-lite-preview-06-17",
+    verbose=False,
+    memory=True
+)
+
+response1 = agent.chat("My name is John")
+
+print("response1", response1)
+
+response2 = agent.chat("What's my name?")
+
+print("response2", response2)
+
+session.save_state({"conversation_topic": "Names"})
+
+print("session", session)
+
+anotherSession = Session(session_id="chat_123")
+anotherSession.restore_state()
+
+anotherAgent = anotherSession.Agent(
+    name="Assistant",
+    instructions="You are a helpful assistant with memory.",
+    llm="gemini/gemini-2.5-flash-lite-preview-06-17",
+    verbose=False,
+    memory=True
+)
+
+response3 = anotherAgent.chat("What's my name?")
+print("response3", response3)

src/praisonai-agents/test_async_sequential.py

@@ -0,0 +1,222 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+"""Test script to verify async task execution in sequential mode"""
+
+import asyncio
+import time
+import os
+from datetime import datetime
+
+# Set up the environment
+import sys
+sys.path.insert(0, '/home/runner/work/PraisonAI/PraisonAI/src/praisonai-agents')
+
+from praisonaiagents import Agent, Task, PraisonAIAgents
+
+# Create test agents
+async_agent = Agent(
+    name="AsyncAgent",
+    role="Async task executor",
+    goal="Execute async tasks",
+    backstory="An agent that executes async tasks",
+    llm="openai/gpt-3.5-turbo"  # Using a mock/test LLM
+)
+
+sync_agent = Agent(
+    name="SyncAgent", 
+    role="Sync task executor",
+    goal="Execute sync tasks",
+    backstory="An agent that executes sync tasks",
+    llm="openai/gpt-3.5-turbo"
+)
+
+# Track execution times
+execution_log = []
+
+def log_execution(task_name, start_time, end_time, is_async):
+    execution_log.append({
+        "task": task_name,
+        "start": start_time,
+        "end": end_time,
+        "duration": end_time - start_time,
+        "type": "async" if is_async else "sync"
+    })
+
+# Create test tasks
+async def async_task_function(task_name, delay):
+    start_time = time.time()
+    print(f"{datetime.now().strftime('%H:%M:%S.%f')[:-3]} - {task_name} started (async)")
+    await asyncio.sleep(delay)
+    end_time = time.time()
+    print(f"{datetime.now().strftime('%H:%M:%S.%f')[:-3]} - {task_name} completed (async)")
+    log_execution(task_name, start_time, end_time, True)
+    return f"{task_name} result after {delay}s"
+
+def sync_task_function(task_name, delay):
+    start_time = time.time()
+    print(f"{datetime.now().strftime('%H:%M:%S.%f')[:-3]} - {task_name} started (sync)")
+    time.sleep(delay)
+    end_time = time.time()
+    print(f"{datetime.now().strftime('%H:%M:%S.%f')[:-3]} - {task_name} completed (sync)")
+    log_execution(task_name, start_time, end_time, False)
+    return f"{task_name} result after {delay}s"
+
+# Test scenario: Multiple async tasks followed by sync task followed by more async tasks
+tasks = []
+
+# First batch of async tasks (should run in parallel)
+task1 = Task(
+    name="async_task_1",
+    description="First async task - sleep 2s",
+    expected_output="Task result",
+    agent=async_agent,
+    async_execution=True
+)
+
+task2 = Task(
+    name="async_task_2", 
+    description="Second async task - sleep 2s",
+    expected_output="Task result",
+    agent=async_agent,
+    async_execution=True
+)
+
+task3 = Task(
+    name="async_task_3",
+    description="Third async task - sleep 2s", 
+    expected_output="Task result",
+    agent=async_agent,
+    async_execution=True
+)
+
+# Sync task (should wait for async tasks to complete)
+task4 = Task(
+    name="sync_task_1",
+    description="First sync task - sleep 1s",
+    expected_output="Task result",
+    agent=sync_agent,
+    async_execution=False
+)
+
+# Second batch of async tasks (should run in parallel after sync task)
+task5 = Task(
+    name="async_task_4",
+    description="Fourth async task - sleep 1s",
+    expected_output="Task result", 
+    agent=async_agent,
+    async_execution=True
+)
+
+task6 = Task(
+    name="async_task_5",
+    description="Fifth async task - sleep 1s",
+    expected_output="Task result",
+    agent=async_agent,
+    async_execution=True
+)
+
+tasks = [task1, task2, task3, task4, task5, task6]
+
+async def test_sequential_async_execution():
+    """Test that async tasks run in parallel in sequential mode"""
+    
+    print("\n=== Testing Sequential Mode with Async Tasks ===\n")
+    
+    # Mock the agent execute methods to use our test functions
+    original_execute = Agent.execute
+    original_aexecute = Agent.aexecute
+    
+    def mock_execute(self, task, context=None):
+        if "async" in task.name:
+            # This shouldn't be called for async tasks
+            print(f"WARNING: Sync execute called for async task {task.name}")
+        else:
+            delay = int(task.description.split("sleep ")[1].split("s")[0])
+            return sync_task_function(task.name, delay)
+    
+    async def mock_aexecute(self, task, context=None):
+        if "async" in task.name:
+            delay = int(task.description.split("sleep ")[1].split("s")[0])
+            return await async_task_function(task.name, delay)
+        else:
+            # This shouldn't be called for sync tasks
+            print(f"WARNING: Async execute called for sync task {task.name}")
+    
+    # Patch the methods
+    Agent.execute = mock_execute
+    Agent.aexecute = mock_aexecute
+    
+    try:
+        # Create workflow
+        workflow = PraisonAIAgents(
+            agents=[async_agent, sync_agent],
+            tasks=tasks,
+            process="sequential",
+            verbose=True
+        )
+        
+        # Run the workflow
+        start_time = time.time()
+        await workflow.astart()
+        end_time = time.time()
+        
+        print(f"\nTotal execution time: {end_time - start_time:.2f}s")
+        
+        # Analyze results
+        print("\n=== Execution Analysis ===")
+        
+        # Check if first batch of async tasks ran in parallel
+        async_batch1 = [log for log in execution_log if log["task"] in ["async_task_1", "async_task_2", "async_task_3"]]
+        if async_batch1:
+            earliest_start = min(log["start"] for log in async_batch1)
+            latest_end = max(log["end"] for log in async_batch1)
+            batch1_duration = latest_end - earliest_start
+            print(f"\nFirst async batch (3 tasks, 2s each):")
+            print(f"  - Started at: {earliest_start:.2f}")
+            print(f"  - Ended at: {latest_end:.2f}")
+            print(f"  - Total duration: {batch1_duration:.2f}s")
+            print(f"  - Parallel execution: {'YES' if batch1_duration < 4 else 'NO'} (expected ~2s for parallel, 6s for sequential)")
+        
+        # Check sync task timing
+        sync_logs = [log for log in execution_log if log["type"] == "sync"]
+        if sync_logs:
+            sync_log = sync_logs[0]
+            print(f"\nSync task:")
+            print(f"  - Started at: {sync_log['start']:.2f}")
+            print(f"  - Ended at: {sync_log['end']:.2f}")
+            print(f"  - Started after async batch: {'YES' if sync_log['start'] >= latest_end - 0.1 else 'NO'}")
+        
+        # Check if second batch of async tasks ran in parallel
+        async_batch2 = [log for log in execution_log if log["task"] in ["async_task_4", "async_task_5"]]
+        if async_batch2:
+            earliest_start = min(log["start"] for log in async_batch2)
+            latest_end = max(log["end"] for log in async_batch2)
+            batch2_duration = latest_end - earliest_start
+            print(f"\nSecond async batch (2 tasks, 1s each):")
+            print(f"  - Started at: {earliest_start:.2f}")
+            print(f"  - Ended at: {latest_end:.2f}")
+            print(f"  - Total duration: {batch2_duration:.2f}s")
+            print(f"  - Parallel execution: {'YES' if batch2_duration < 1.5 else 'NO'} (expected ~1s for parallel, 2s for sequential)")
+        
+        # Overall assessment
+        print(f"\n=== Test Result ===")
+        expected_time = 2 + 1 + 1  # First batch (2s parallel) + sync (1s) + second batch (1s parallel)
+        actual_time = end_time - start_time
+        print(f"Expected total time (with parallel async): ~{expected_time}s")
+        print(f"Actual total time: {actual_time:.2f}s")
+        
+        if actual_time < expected_time + 1:  # Allow 1s margin for overhead
+            print("✅ PASS: Async tasks executed in parallel!")
+        else:
+            print("❌ FAIL: Async tasks did not execute in parallel as expected")
+            
+    finally:
+        # Restore original methods
+        Agent.execute = original_execute
+        Agent.aexecute = original_aexecute
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    # Set a dummy API key to avoid errors
+    os.environ["OPENAI_API_KEY"] = "test-key"
+    
+    # Run the test
+    asyncio.run(test_sequential_async_execution())

src/praisonai-agents/test_autoagents_hierarchical_fix.py

@@ -0,0 +1,143 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+"""
+Test script to verify that AutoAgents hierarchical workflow works with non-OpenAI LLMs
+without requiring OpenAI API key.
+
+This tests the fix for issue #873.
+"""
+
+import os
+import sys
+
+# Ensure OpenAI API key is not set to verify the fix works
+if 'OPENAI_API_KEY' in os.environ:
+    del os.environ['OPENAI_API_KEY']
+
+# Add the parent directory to the Python path
+sys.path.insert(0, os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))))
+
+from praisonaiagents import AutoAgents
+
+def get_stock_price(company_name: str) -> str:
+    """
+    Get the stock price of a company
+    
+    Args:
+        company_name (str): The name of the company
+        
+    Returns:
+        str: The stock price of the company
+    """
+    if company_name.lower() == "apple" or company_name.lower() == "aapl":
+        return f"The stock price of {company_name} is 100"
+    elif company_name.lower() == "google" or company_name.lower() == "googl":
+        return f"The stock price of {company_name} is 200"
+    else:
+        return f"The stock price of {company_name} is 50"
+
+def test_hierarchical_without_openai():
+    """Test hierarchical process without OpenAI API key"""
+    print("Testing AutoAgents with hierarchical process and Gemini LLM...")
+    print("OPENAI_API_KEY is set:", 'OPENAI_API_KEY' in os.environ)
+    
+    try:
+        # Create AutoAgents instance with Gemini
+        agents = AutoAgents(
+            instructions="Write a poem on the stock price of apple",
+            tools=[get_stock_price],
+            process="hierarchical",
+            llm="gemini/gemini-2.5-flash-lite-preview-06-17",
+            self_reflect=True,
+            verbose=True,
+            max_agents=3  # Maximum number of agents to create
+        )
+        
+        # Start the agents
+        print("\nStarting agents...")
+        result = agents.start()
+        
+        print("\n=== RESULT ===")
+        print(result)
+        print("\n=== TEST PASSED ===")
+        print("Hierarchical workflow completed successfully without OpenAI API key!")
+        return True
+        
+    except Exception as e:
+        if "api_key" in str(e) and "OPENAI_API_KEY" in str(e):
+            print("\n=== TEST FAILED ===")
+            print(f"Error: Still requires OpenAI API key: {e}")
+            return False
+        else:
+            print(f"\nUnexpected error: {e}")
+            import traceback
+            traceback.print_exc()
+            return False
+
+def test_hierarchical_with_mock_llm():
+    """Test with a mock LLM to ensure no API calls are made to OpenAI"""
+    print("\n\nTesting with mock LLM configuration...")
+    
+    try:
+        # Create AutoAgents instance with a mock configuration
+        agents = AutoAgents(
+            instructions="Simple test task",
+            tools=[get_stock_price],
+            process="hierarchical",
+            llm={
+                "model": "test/mock-model",
+                "api_key": "mock-key",
+                "base_url": "http://localhost:9999"  # Non-existent URL
+            },
+            verbose=False,
+            max_agents=2
+        )
+        
+        # This should fail with connection error, not OpenAI API key error
+        try:
+            result = agents.start()
+            # If we get here, the test didn't behave as expected
+            print("\n=== TEST WARNING ===")
+            print("Expected an error but execution succeeded")
+            return False
+        except Exception as e:
+            if "api_key" in str(e) and "OPENAI_API_KEY" in str(e):
+                print("\n=== TEST FAILED ===")
+                print(f"Error: Still requires OpenAI API key: {e}")
+                return False
+            else:
+                print("\n=== TEST PASSED ===")
+                print("Failed with expected error (not OpenAI API key error)")
+                print(f"Error type: {type(e).__name__}")
+                return True
+                
+    except Exception as e:
+        print(f"\nSetup error: {e}")
+        return False
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    # Track test results
+    test_results = []
+    
+    # Run both tests
+    mock_test_passed = test_hierarchical_with_mock_llm()
+    test_results.append(("Mock LLM Test", mock_test_passed))
+    
+    # Only run the actual Gemini test if we have the API key
+    if 'GOOGLE_API_KEY' in os.environ or 'GEMINI_API_KEY' in os.environ:
+        gemini_test_passed = test_hierarchical_without_openai()
+        test_results.append(("Gemini Test", gemini_test_passed))
+    else:
+        print("\n\nSkipping Gemini test - no GOOGLE_API_KEY or GEMINI_API_KEY found")
+        print("The mock test passed, confirming the fix works!")
+    
+    # Summary
+    print("\n=== TEST SUMMARY ===")
+    all_passed = True
+    for test_name, passed in test_results:
+        status = "PASSED" if passed else "FAILED"
+        print(f"{test_name}: {status}")
+        if not passed:
+            all_passed = False
+    
+    # Exit with appropriate code
+    sys.exit(0 if all_passed else 1)

src/praisonai-agents/test_callback_enhancement.py

@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+"""Test script for callback enhancement - Issue #896"""
+
+import sys
+import os
+sys.path.insert(0, os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), 'src', 'praisonai-agents'))
+
+import asyncio
+from praisonaiagents import (
+    register_display_callback,
+    Agent, 
+    Task, 
+    PraisonAIAgents
+)
+
+def enhanced_callback(message=None, response=None, agent_name=None, agent_role=None, agent_tools=None, task_name=None, task_description=None, task_id=None, **kwargs):
+    """Enhanced callback that demonstrates the new context information"""
+    print("="*80)
+    print("ENHANCED CALLBACK TRIGGERED")
+    print("="*80)
+    print(f"Message: {message}")
+    print(f"Response: {response}")
+    print(f"Agent Name: {agent_name}")
+    print(f"Agent Role: {agent_role}")
+    print(f"Agent Tools: {agent_tools}")
+    print(f"Task Name: {task_name}")
+    print(f"Task Description: {task_description}")
+    print(f"Task ID: {task_id}")
+    print(f"Other kwargs: {kwargs}")
+    print("="*80)
+    print()
+
+# Register the enhanced callback
+register_display_callback('interaction', enhanced_callback, is_async=False)
+
+def test_callback_enhancement():
+    """Test function to verify the callback enhancement works"""
+    
+    # Create an agent with detailed information
+    agent = Agent(
+        name="TestAgent",
+        role="Assistant",
+        goal="Help with testing callbacks",
+        backstory="I am a helpful assistant for testing purposes",
+        llm="openai/gpt-4o-mini",
+        verbose=True  
+    )
+
+    # Create a task with detailed information
+    task = Task(
+        name="callback_test_task",
+        description="Test the enhanced callback functionality",
+        agent=agent,
+        expected_output="A simple response to test callbacks"
+    )
+
+    # Run the agents
+    try:
+        agents = PraisonAIAgents(
+            agents=[agent],
+            tasks=[task],
+            verbose=True
+        )
+        result = agents.start()
+        print(f"Test completed successfully! Result: {result}")
+        return True
+    except Exception as e:
+        print(f"Test failed with error: {e}")
+        return False
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    print("Testing callback enhancement (Issue #896)...")
+    print("This test will demonstrate the new agent_name and task context in callbacks")
+    print()
+    
+    # Run the test
+    success = test_callback_enhancement()
+    
+    if success:
+        print("✅ Test passed! Callback enhancement is working correctly.")
+    else:
+        print("❌ Test failed! Check the error output above.")

src/praisonai-agents/test_callback_fix.py

@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+"""Test script to verify callbacks work with verbose=False"""
+
+import sys
+sys.path.insert(0, 'src/praisonai-agents')
+
+from praisonaiagents import (
+    register_display_callback,
+    Agent, 
+    Task, 
+    PraisonAIAgents
+)
+
+# Track if callback was executed
+callback_executed = False
+
+def simple_callback(message=None, response=None, **kwargs):
+    global callback_executed
+    callback_executed = True
+    with open('callback_test_log.txt', 'a') as f:
+        f.write(f"CALLBACK EXECUTED!\n")
+        f.write(f"Message: {message}\n")
+        f.write(f"Response: {response}\n")
+        f.write(f"Other kwargs: {kwargs}\n")
+        f.write("-" * 50 + "\n")
+
+# Register callback
+register_display_callback('interaction', simple_callback, is_async=False)
+
+# Test with verbose=False
+print("Testing with verbose=False...")
+agent = Agent(
+    name="TestAgent",
+    role="Assistant",
+    goal="Help with tasks",
+    backstory="I am a helpful assistant",
+    llm="gpt-4o-mini",  # Using a simple model for testing
+    verbose=False
+)
+
+task = Task(
+    name="simple_task",
+    description="Say hello world",
+    agent=agent,
+    expected_output="A greeting"
+)
+
+# Clear the log file
+with open('callback_test_log.txt', 'w') as f:
+    f.write("Starting test with verbose=False\n")
+
+# Run the agent
+try:
+    agents = PraisonAIAgents(
+        agents=[agent],
+        tasks=[task]
+    )
+    result = agents.start()
+    print(f"Task completed. Result: {result}")
+    print(f"Callback executed: {callback_executed}")
+    
+    # Check if callback was executed
+    if callback_executed:
+        print("✅ SUCCESS: Callback was executed with verbose=False!")
+    else:
+        print("❌ FAILED: Callback was NOT executed with verbose=False")
+        
+except Exception as e:
+    print(f"Error during test: {e}")
+    import traceback
+    traceback.print_exc()

src/praisonai-agents/test_callback_fix_verification.py

@@ -0,0 +1,112 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+"""
+Simple test to verify that the callback fix is working
+"""
+
+import sys
+import os
+sys.path.insert(0, os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__)))
+
+from praisonaiagents import register_display_callback
+from praisonaiagents.main import display_interaction, display_self_reflection
+
+# Track callback calls
+callback_calls = []
+
+def test_callback(message, response, **kwargs):
+    """Test callback function"""
+    callback_calls.append({
+        'type': 'interaction',
+        'message': message,
+        'response': response
+    })
+    print(f"[CALLBACK] Interaction: {message[:30]}... -> {response[:30]}...")
+
+def test_self_reflection_callback(message, **kwargs):
+    """Test self-reflection callback function"""
+    callback_calls.append({
+        'type': 'self_reflection',
+        'message': message
+    })
+    print(f"[CALLBACK] Self-reflection: {message[:50]}...")
+
+def test_display_interaction_callback():
+    """Test that display_interaction calls the callback"""
+    global callback_calls
+    callback_calls = []
+    
+    # Register callback
+    register_display_callback('interaction', test_callback)
+    
+    try:
+        # Call display_interaction
+        display_interaction(
+            message="Test message",
+            response="Test response",
+            markdown=True,
+            generation_time=1.5
+        )
+        
+        print(f"Callback calls: {len(callback_calls)}")
+        
+        # Verify callback was called
+        assert len(callback_calls) == 1, f"Expected 1 callback call, got {len(callback_calls)}"
+        assert callback_calls[0]['type'] == 'interaction'
+        assert callback_calls[0]['message'] == "Test message"
+        assert callback_calls[0]['response'] == "Test response"
+        
+        print("✓ display_interaction callback test PASSED")
+        
+    finally:
+        # Clean up
+        from praisonaiagents.main import sync_display_callbacks
+        sync_display_callbacks.pop('interaction', None)
+
+def test_display_self_reflection_callback():
+    """Test that display_self_reflection calls the callback"""
+    global callback_calls
+    callback_calls = []
+    
+    # Register callback
+    register_display_callback('self_reflection', test_self_reflection_callback)
+    
+    try:
+        # Call display_self_reflection
+        display_self_reflection("This is a self-reflection message")
+        
+        print(f"Self-reflection callback calls: {len(callback_calls)}")
+        
+        # Verify callback was called
+        assert len(callback_calls) == 1, f"Expected 1 callback call, got {len(callback_calls)}"
+        assert callback_calls[0]['type'] == 'self_reflection'
+        assert callback_calls[0]['message'] == "This is a self-reflection message"
+        
+        print("✓ display_self_reflection callback test PASSED")
+        
+    finally:
+        # Clean up
+        from praisonaiagents.main import sync_display_callbacks
+        sync_display_callbacks.pop('self_reflection', None)
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    print("Testing callback fix for display functions...\n")
+    
+    try:
+        print("1. Testing display_interaction callback...")
+        test_display_interaction_callback()
+        print()
+        
+        print("2. Testing display_self_reflection callback...")
+        test_display_self_reflection_callback()
+        print()
+        
+        print("All callback tests passed! The fix is working correctly.")
+        
+    except AssertionError as e:
+        print(f"✗ FAILED: {e}")
+        sys.exit(1)
+    except Exception as e:
+        print(f"✗ ERROR: {e}")
+        import traceback
+        traceback.print_exc()
+        sys.exit(1)

src/praisonai-agents/test_callback_simple.py

@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+"""Simple test for callback enhancement - Issue #896"""
+
+import sys
+import os
+sys.path.insert(0, os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), 'src', 'praisonai-agents'))
+
+# Test just the callback registration and display functions
+from praisonaiagents import register_display_callback, display_interaction
+
+def test_callback(message=None, response=None, agent_name=None, agent_role=None, agent_tools=None, task_name=None, task_description=None, task_id=None, **kwargs):
+    """Test callback function"""
+    print("Callback triggered with:")
+    print(f"  Message: {message}")
+    print(f"  Response: {response}")
+    print(f"  Agent Name: {agent_name}")
+    print(f"  Agent Role: {agent_role}")
+    print(f"  Agent Tools: {agent_tools}")
+    print(f"  Task Name: {task_name}")
+    print(f"  Task Description: {task_description}")
+    print(f"  Task ID: {task_id}")
+    print(f"  Other kwargs: {kwargs}")
+    print()
+
+# Register the callback
+register_display_callback('interaction', test_callback, is_async=False)
+
+# Test the display_interaction function with new parameters
+print("Testing display_interaction with enhanced parameters...")
+
+display_interaction(
+    message="Test message",
+    response="Test response",
+    agent_name="TestAgent",
+    agent_role="Assistant",
+    agent_tools=["tool1", "tool2"],
+    task_name="test_task",
+    task_description="Test task description",
+    task_id="task_123",
+    markdown=True,
+    generation_time=1.5
+)
+
+print("✅ Simple callback test completed!")

src/praisonai-agents/test_duplicate_callback_fix.py

@@ -0,0 +1,230 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+"""
+Test script to verify the duplicate callback fix for issue #878
+This tests that display_interaction is only called once per LLM response
+"""
+
+import sys
+import os
+sys.path.insert(0, os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), 'src/praisonai-agents'))
+
+from praisonaiagents.llm.llm import LLM
+from praisonaiagents import register_display_callback
+from unittest.mock import patch, MagicMock
+import json
+
+# Track display_interaction calls
+display_calls = []
+
+def mock_display_interaction(message, response, markdown=True, generation_time=0, **kwargs):
+    """Mock display_interaction to track calls"""
+    display_calls.append({
+        'message': message,
+        'response': response,
+        'markdown': markdown,
+        'generation_time': generation_time
+    })
+    print(f"[DISPLAY] {message[:50]}... -> {response[:50]}...")
+
+def test_single_display_no_tools():
+    """Test that display_interaction is called only once without tools"""
+    global display_calls
+    display_calls = []
+    
+    # Register callback instead of patching
+    register_display_callback('interaction', mock_display_interaction)
+    
+    try:
+        with patch('litellm.completion') as mock_completion:
+            # Mock streaming response
+            mock_completion.return_value = [
+                MagicMock(choices=[MagicMock(delta=MagicMock(content="Hello"))]),
+                MagicMock(choices=[MagicMock(delta=MagicMock(content=" world"))]),
+                MagicMock(choices=[MagicMock(delta=MagicMock(content="!"))])
+            ]
+            
+            llm = LLM(model="gpt-4o-mini", verbose=False)
+            response = llm.get_response(
+                prompt="Test prompt",
+                verbose=True,
+                stream=True
+            )
+            
+            print(f"\nResponse: {response}")
+            print(f"Display calls: {len(display_calls)}")
+            
+            assert len(display_calls) == 1, f"Expected 1 display call, got {len(display_calls)}"
+            assert response == "Hello world!"
+    finally:
+        # Clean up callback to prevent interference with other tests
+        from praisonaiagents.main import sync_display_callbacks
+        sync_display_callbacks.pop('interaction', None)
+
+def test_single_display_with_reasoning():
+    """Test that display_interaction is called only once with reasoning steps"""
+    global display_calls
+    display_calls = []
+    
+    # Register callback instead of patching
+    register_display_callback('interaction', mock_display_interaction)
+    
+    try:
+        with patch('litellm.completion') as mock_completion:
+            # Mock non-streaming response with reasoning
+            mock_completion.return_value = {
+                "choices": [{
+                    "message": {
+                        "content": "The answer is 42",
+                        "provider_specific_fields": {
+                            "reasoning_content": "Let me think about this..."
+                        }
+                    }
+                }]
+            }
+            
+            llm = LLM(model="o1-preview", verbose=False, reasoning_steps=True)
+            response = llm.get_response(
+                prompt="What is the meaning of life?",
+                verbose=True,
+                stream=False,
+                reasoning_steps=True
+            )
+            
+            print(f"\nResponse: {response}")
+            print(f"Display calls: {len(display_calls)}")
+            
+            assert len(display_calls) == 1, f"Expected 1 display call, got {len(display_calls)}"
+    finally:
+        # Clean up callback to prevent interference with other tests
+        from praisonaiagents.main import sync_display_callbacks
+        sync_display_callbacks.pop('interaction', None)
+
+def test_single_display_with_self_reflection():
+    """Test that display_interaction is called appropriately with self-reflection"""
+    global display_calls
+    display_calls = []
+    
+    # Register callback instead of patching
+    register_display_callback('interaction', mock_display_interaction)
+    
+    try:
+        with patch('praisonaiagents.main.display_self_reflection'):
+            with patch('litellm.completion') as mock_completion:
+                # First call - initial response
+                # Second call - reflection
+                # Third call - regenerated response
+                call_count = 0
+                def mock_streaming(*args, **kwargs):
+                    nonlocal call_count
+                    call_count += 1
+                    
+                    if call_count == 1:
+                        # Initial response
+                        return [
+                            MagicMock(choices=[MagicMock(delta=MagicMock(content="Initial"))]),
+                            MagicMock(choices=[MagicMock(delta=MagicMock(content=" response"))])
+                        ]
+                    elif call_count == 2:
+                        # Reflection
+                        reflection = {"reflection": "Could be better", "satisfactory": "no"}
+                        return [
+                            MagicMock(choices=[MagicMock(delta=MagicMock(content=json.dumps(reflection)))])
+                        ]
+                    else:
+                        # Final response
+                        return [
+                            MagicMock(choices=[MagicMock(delta=MagicMock(content="Better"))]),
+                            MagicMock(choices=[MagicMock(delta=MagicMock(content=" response"))])
+                        ]
+                
+                mock_completion.side_effect = mock_streaming
+                
+                llm = LLM(model="gpt-4o-mini", verbose=False, self_reflect=True, min_reflect=1, max_reflect=2)
+                response = llm.get_response(
+                    prompt="Test prompt",
+                    verbose=True,
+                    stream=True,
+                    self_reflect=True,
+                    min_reflect=1,
+                    max_reflect=2
+                )
+                
+                print(f"\nResponse: {response}")
+                print(f"Display calls: {len(display_calls)}")
+                
+                # Should display only the final response
+                assert len(display_calls) == 1, f"Expected 1 display call, got {len(display_calls)}"
+                assert response == "Better response"
+    finally:
+        # Clean up callback to prevent interference with other tests
+        from praisonaiagents.main import sync_display_callbacks
+        sync_display_callbacks.pop('interaction', None)
+
+def test_async_single_display():
+    """Test async version also prevents duplicate displays"""
+    global display_calls
+    display_calls = []
+    
+    import asyncio
+    
+    # Register callback instead of patching
+    register_display_callback('interaction', mock_display_interaction)
+    
+    async def run_test():
+        with patch('litellm.acompletion') as mock_acompletion:
+            # Mock async streaming response
+            async def async_generator():
+                yield MagicMock(choices=[MagicMock(delta=MagicMock(content="Async"))])
+                yield MagicMock(choices=[MagicMock(delta=MagicMock(content=" response"))])
+            
+            mock_acompletion.return_value = async_generator()
+            
+            llm = LLM(model="gpt-4o-mini", verbose=False)
+            response = await llm.get_response_async(
+                prompt="Test async",
+                verbose=True,
+                stream=True
+            )
+            
+            print(f"\nAsync Response: {response}")
+            print(f"Display calls: {len(display_calls)}")
+            
+            assert len(display_calls) == 1, f"Expected 1 display call, got {len(display_calls)}"
+            assert response == "Async response"
+    
+    try:
+        asyncio.run(run_test())
+    finally:
+        # Clean up callback to prevent interference with other tests
+        from praisonaiagents.main import sync_display_callbacks
+        sync_display_callbacks.pop('interaction', None)
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    print("Testing duplicate callback fix for issue #878...\n")
+    
+    try:
+        print("1. Testing single display without tools...")
+        test_single_display_no_tools()
+        print("✓ PASSED\n")
+        
+        print("2. Testing single display with reasoning...")
+        test_single_display_with_reasoning()
+        print("✓ PASSED\n")
+        
+        print("3. Testing single display with self-reflection...")
+        test_single_display_with_self_reflection()
+        print("✓ PASSED\n")
+        
+        print("4. Testing async single display...")
+        test_async_single_display()
+        print("✓ PASSED\n")
+        
+        print("All tests passed! The duplicate callback issue is fixed.")
+    except AssertionError as e:
+        print(f"✗ FAILED: {e}")
+        sys.exit(1)
+    except Exception as e:
+        print(f"✗ ERROR: {e}")
+        import traceback
+        traceback.print_exc()
+        sys.exit(1)

src/praisonai-agents/test_fix_simple.py

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+"""Simple test to verify the self-reflection fix works"""
+
+from praisonaiagents import Agent
+from praisonaiagents.tools import evaluate
+
+def test_self_reflection_fix():
+    """Test that self-reflection works with tools after the fix"""
+    print("=== Testing Self-Reflection Fix ===")
+    
+    # Create an agent with self-reflection and a simple tool
+    agent = Agent(
+        role="Math Assistant",
+        goal="Solve math problems accurately",
+        backstory="You are a helpful math assistant",
+        self_reflect=True,
+        llm="gpt-4o-mini",  # Use a more widely available model
+        verbose=True,
+        tools=[evaluate],
+        min_reflect=1,
+        max_reflect=2
+    )
+
+    # Test with a simple calculation that might trigger self-reflection
+    response = agent.start("What is 25 * 17? Show your work and double-check the answer.")
+    print(f"\nResponse: {response}")
+    
+    if response:
+        print("\n✅ SUCCESS: Self-reflection with tools is working!")
+        return True
+    else:
+        print("\n❌ FAILED: Self-reflection with tools is not working")
+        return False
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    test_self_reflection_fix()

src/praisonai-agents/test_fix_verification.py

@@ -0,0 +1,153 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+"""
+Test script to verify the duplicate callback fix for issue #878.
+This tests that callbacks are triggered exactly once per LLM response.
+"""
+
+import os
+import sys
+
+# Add the path to the praisonaiagents module
+sys.path.insert(0, os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), 'src', 'praisonai-agents'))
+
+from praisonaiagents import register_display_callback
+from praisonaiagents.llm.llm import LLM
+
+# Track callback invocations
+callback_count = 0
+callback_details = []
+
+def test_callback(message=None, response=None, **kwargs):
+    """Callback function to track invocations."""
+    global callback_count, callback_details
+    callback_count += 1
+    callback_details.append({
+        'count': callback_count,
+        'message': str(message)[:50] if message else None,
+        'response': str(response)[:50] if response else None,
+        'kwargs': list(kwargs.keys()) if kwargs else []
+    })
+    print(f"🔔 CALLBACK #{callback_count}: {response[:50] if response else 'No response'}")
+
+def test_verbose_true():
+    """Test with verbose=True (this was causing duplicates before the fix)."""
+    global callback_count, callback_details
+    callback_count = 0
+    callback_details = []
+    
+    print("🧪 Testing with verbose=True...")
+    register_display_callback('interaction', test_callback, is_async=False)
+    
+    try:
+        llm = LLM(model="gemini/gemini-2.5-flash-lite-preview-06-17", verbose=False)
+        response = llm.get_response(
+            prompt="Say exactly: Hello World",
+            verbose=True  # This should NOT cause duplicate callbacks after the fix
+        )
+        
+        print(f"✅ Response: {response}")
+        print(f"📊 Callback count: {callback_count}")
+        
+        if callback_count == 1:
+            print("✅ SUCCESS: Exactly 1 callback triggered (no duplicates)")
+            return True
+        else:
+            print(f"❌ FAIL: Expected 1 callback, got {callback_count}")
+            return False
+            
+    except Exception as e:
+        print(f"❌ ERROR: {e}")
+        return False
+
+def test_verbose_false():
+    """Test with verbose=False (should still work)."""
+    global callback_count, callback_details
+    callback_count = 0
+    callback_details = []
+    
+    print("\n🧪 Testing with verbose=False...")
+    register_display_callback('interaction', test_callback, is_async=False)
+    
+    try:
+        llm = LLM(model="gemini/gemini-2.5-flash-lite-preview-06-17", verbose=False)
+        response = llm.get_response(
+            prompt="Say exactly: Hello Non-Verbose",
+            verbose=False
+        )
+        
+        print(f"✅ Response: {response}")
+        print(f"📊 Callback count: {callback_count}")
+        
+        if callback_count == 1:
+            print("✅ SUCCESS: Exactly 1 callback triggered")
+            return True
+        else:
+            print(f"❌ FAIL: Expected 1 callback, got {callback_count}")
+            return False
+            
+    except Exception as e:
+        print(f"❌ ERROR: {e}")
+        return False
+
+def test_multiple_calls():
+    """Test multiple consecutive calls."""
+    global callback_count, callback_details
+    callback_count = 0
+    callback_details = []
+    
+    print("\n🧪 Testing multiple consecutive calls...")
+    register_display_callback('interaction', test_callback, is_async=False)
+    
+    try:
+        llm = LLM(model="gemini/gemini-2.5-flash-lite-preview-06-17", verbose=False)
+        
+        for i in range(3):
+            response = llm.get_response(
+                prompt=f"Say exactly: Call {i+1}",
+                verbose=True
+            )
+            print(f"  Call {i+1}: {response}")
+        
+        print(f"📊 Total callback count: {callback_count}")
+        
+        if callback_count == 3:
+            print("✅ SUCCESS: Exactly 3 callbacks for 3 calls (1 each)")
+            return True
+        else:
+            print(f"❌ FAIL: Expected 3 callbacks, got {callback_count}")
+            return False
+            
+    except Exception as e:
+        print(f"❌ ERROR: {e}")
+        return False
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    print("🔧 TESTING DUPLICATE CALLBACK FIX FOR ISSUE #878")
+    print("=" * 60)
+    
+    results = []
+    
+    # Test 1: verbose=True (the main issue)
+    results.append(test_verbose_true())
+    
+    # Test 2: verbose=False (should still work)
+    results.append(test_verbose_false())
+    
+    # Test 3: multiple calls
+    results.append(test_multiple_calls())
+    
+    # Summary
+    print(f"\n🏁 SUMMARY")
+    print("=" * 30)
+    
+    success_count = sum(results)
+    total_tests = len(results)
+    
+    print(f"Tests passed: {success_count}/{total_tests}")
+    
+    if success_count == total_tests:
+        print("✅ ALL TESTS PASSED! The duplicate callback issue is FIXED.")
+        sys.exit(0)
+    else:
+        print("❌ SOME TESTS FAILED! The duplicate callback issue still exists.")
+        sys.exit(1)

src/praisonai-agents/test_gemini_embedding.py

@@ -0,0 +1,154 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+"""Test script for Gemini embedding support in PraisonAI"""
+
+import os
+import sys
+import json
+import logging
+
+# Add the source directory to Python path
+sys.path.insert(0, os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), 'src/praisonai-agents'))
+
+from praisonaiagents import Agent, Task, PraisonAIAgents
+
+# Set up logging
+logging.basicConfig(level=logging.INFO)
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+def test_gemini_embedding():
+    """Test Gemini embedding model integration"""
+    
+    # Test with OpenAI embedding (backward compatibility)
+    print("\n" + "="*50)
+    print("Testing OpenAI Embedding (Backward Compatibility)")
+    print("="*50)
+    
+    # Create a simple agent
+    agent = Agent(
+        name="Test Agent",
+        role="Memory Tester",
+        goal="Test memory storage with embeddings",
+        backstory="An agent that tests memory functionality",
+        llm="gpt-4o-mini"
+    )
+    
+    # Create a task
+    task = Task(
+        description="Remember this fact: The capital of France is Paris. This is a test fact for memory storage.",
+        expected_output="Confirmation that the fact has been stored",
+        agent=agent
+    )
+    
+    # Test with default OpenAI embeddings
+    agents_openai = PraisonAIAgents(
+        agents=[agent],
+        tasks=[task],
+        verbose=5,
+        memory=True
+    )
+    
+    print("\nRunning with default OpenAI embeddings...")
+    agents_openai.start()
+    
+    # Test with explicit OpenAI embedding config
+    print("\n" + "="*50)
+    print("Testing Explicit OpenAI Embedding Configuration")
+    print("="*50)
+    
+    agent2 = Agent(
+        name="Test Agent 2",
+        role="Memory Tester",
+        goal="Test memory storage with explicit OpenAI embeddings",
+        backstory="An agent that tests memory functionality",
+        llm="gpt-4o-mini"
+    )
+    
+    task2 = Task(
+        description="Remember this fact: The Eiffel Tower is 330 meters tall. This is another test fact.",
+        expected_output="Confirmation that the fact has been stored",
+        agent=agent2
+    )
+    
+    agents_openai_explicit = PraisonAIAgents(
+        agents=[agent2],
+        tasks=[task2],
+        verbose=5,
+        memory=True,
+        embedder={
+            "provider": "openai",
+            "config": {
+                "model": "text-embedding-3-small"
+            }
+        }
+    )
+    
+    print("\nRunning with explicit OpenAI embedding config...")
+    agents_openai_explicit.start()
+    
+    # Test with Gemini embeddings
+    print("\n" + "="*50)
+    print("Testing Gemini Embedding Model")
+    print("="*50)
+    
+    agent3 = Agent(
+        name="Gemini Test Agent",
+        role="Memory Tester with Gemini",
+        goal="Test memory storage with Gemini embeddings",
+        backstory="An agent that tests Gemini embedding functionality",
+        llm="gpt-4o-mini"  # Still use GPT for chat, but Gemini for embeddings
+    )
+    
+    task3 = Task(
+        description="Remember this fact: Google released Gemini in 2023. This tests Gemini embedding storage.",
+        expected_output="Confirmation that the fact has been stored using Gemini embeddings",
+        agent=agent3
+    )
+    
+    # Configure with Gemini embeddings
+    agents_gemini = PraisonAIAgents(
+        agents=[agent3],
+        tasks=[task3],
+        verbose=5,
+        memory=True,
+        embedder={
+            "provider": "gemini",
+            "config": {
+                "model": "text-embedding-004"  # Gemini embedding model
+            }
+        }
+    )
+    
+    print("\nRunning with Gemini embeddings...")
+    try:
+        agents_gemini.start()
+        print("\n✅ Gemini embedding test completed successfully!")
+    except Exception as e:
+        print(f"\n❌ Gemini embedding test failed: {e}")
+        logger.error(f"Error details: {e}", exc_info=True)
+    
+    # Test memory search across different embedding models
+    print("\n" + "="*50)
+    print("Testing Memory Search")
+    print("="*50)
+    
+    if agents_gemini.shared_memory:
+        print("\nSearching for 'Gemini' in memory...")
+        results = agents_gemini.shared_memory.search_long_term("Gemini", limit=5)
+        print(f"Found {len(results)} results")
+        for i, result in enumerate(results):
+            print(f"\nResult {i+1}:")
+            print(f"  Text: {result.get('text', '')[:100]}...")
+            print(f"  Score: {result.get('score', 'N/A')}")
+
+    print("\n" + "="*50)
+    print("All tests completed!")
+    print("="*50)
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    # Check if Google API key is set
+    if not os.environ.get("GOOGLE_API_KEY"):
+        print("\n⚠️  Warning: GOOGLE_API_KEY not found in environment variables.")
+        print("   Gemini embedding test will likely fail without it.")
+        print("   Set it with: export GOOGLE_API_KEY='your-api-key'")
+    
+    test_gemini_embedding()

src/praisonai-agents/test_guardrail_return_types.py

@@ -0,0 +1,163 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+"""
+Test different guardrail return types to ensure both GuardrailResult 
+and Tuple[bool, Any] work correctly. This addresses issue #875.
+"""
+
+import sys
+import os
+from typing import Tuple, Any
+
+from praisonaiagents import Agent, Task, TaskOutput, GuardrailResult
+import inspect
+
+
+def test_guardrail_return_types():
+    """Test that both GuardrailResult and Tuple[bool, Any] return types are accepted."""
+    print("Testing guardrail return type validation...")
+    
+    # Test 1: GuardrailResult return type
+    def validate_with_guardrailresult(task_output: TaskOutput) -> GuardrailResult:
+        """Validation function returning GuardrailResult."""
+        if len(task_output.raw) < 10:
+            return GuardrailResult(
+                success=False,
+                result=None,
+                error="Output is too short"
+            )
+        return GuardrailResult(
+            success=True,
+            result=task_output,
+            error=""
+        )
+    
+    # Test 2: Tuple[bool, Any] return type
+    def validate_with_tuple(task_output: TaskOutput) -> Tuple[bool, Any]:
+        """Validation function returning tuple."""
+        if len(task_output.raw) < 10:
+            return False, "Output is too short"
+        return True, task_output
+    
+    # Test 3: No return type annotation
+    def validate_no_annotation(task_output: TaskOutput):
+        """Validation function without return type annotation."""
+        if len(task_output.raw) < 10:
+            return False, "Output is too short"
+        return True, task_output
+    
+    # Create test agent
+    agent = Agent(
+        name="Test Agent",
+        role="Tester",
+        goal="Test guardrails",
+        backstory="Testing guardrail functionality",
+        llm="gpt-4o"
+    )
+    
+    # Test creating tasks with each guardrail type
+    tests = [
+        ("GuardrailResult return type", validate_with_guardrailresult),
+        ("Tuple[bool, Any] return type", validate_with_tuple),
+        ("No return type annotation", validate_no_annotation)
+    ]
+    
+    for test_name, guardrail_func in tests:
+        print(f"\nTesting {test_name}...")
+        try:
+            task = Task(
+                description="Test task",
+                expected_output="Test output",
+                agent=agent,
+                guardrail=guardrail_func
+            )
+            print(f"✓ Task created successfully with {test_name}")
+            
+            # Verify guardrail was set up
+            assert task._guardrail_fn is not None, "Guardrail function not set"
+            
+            # Test guardrail processing
+            test_output = TaskOutput(
+                description="Test",
+                raw="This is a test output that is long enough",
+                agent="Test Agent"
+            )
+            
+            result = task._process_guardrail(test_output)
+            assert isinstance(result, GuardrailResult), f"Expected GuardrailResult, got {type(result)}"
+            assert result.success, "Guardrail validation should pass"
+            print(f"✓ Guardrail processing works with {test_name}")
+            
+        except Exception as e:
+            print(f"✗ Failed with {test_name}: {e}")
+            return False
+    
+    print("\n✓ All guardrail return type tests passed!")
+    return True
+
+
+def test_guardrail_result_handling():
+    """Test that _process_guardrail correctly handles both return types."""
+    print("\nTesting guardrail result handling...")
+    
+    # Create test agent and task
+    agent = Agent(
+        name="Test Agent",
+        role="Tester",
+        goal="Test guardrails",
+        backstory="Testing guardrail functionality",
+        llm="gpt-4o"
+    )
+    
+    test_output = TaskOutput(
+        description="Test",
+        raw="Test output",
+        agent="Test Agent"
+    )
+    
+    # Test 1: Function returning GuardrailResult
+    def return_guardrailresult(output: TaskOutput) -> GuardrailResult:
+        return GuardrailResult(success=True, result=output, error="")
+    
+    task1 = Task(
+        description="Test",
+        agent=agent,
+        guardrail=return_guardrailresult
+    )
+    
+    result1 = task1._process_guardrail(test_output)
+    assert isinstance(result1, GuardrailResult), "Should return GuardrailResult"
+    assert result1.success, "Should be successful"
+    print("✓ GuardrailResult return handled correctly")
+    
+    # Test 2: Function returning tuple
+    def return_tuple(output: TaskOutput) -> Tuple[bool, Any]:
+        return True, output
+    
+    task2 = Task(
+        description="Test",
+        agent=agent,
+        guardrail=return_tuple
+    )
+    
+    result2 = task2._process_guardrail(test_output)
+    assert isinstance(result2, GuardrailResult), "Should convert tuple to GuardrailResult"
+    assert result2.success, "Should be successful"
+    print("✓ Tuple return converted correctly")
+    
+    print("✓ Guardrail result handling tests passed!")
+    return True
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    print("Running guardrail return type tests for issue #875...")
+    
+    success = True
+    success &= test_guardrail_return_types()
+    success &= test_guardrail_result_handling()
+    
+    if success:
+        print("\n✅ All tests passed! The fix for issue #875 is working correctly.")
+        sys.exit(0)
+    else:
+        print("\n❌ Some tests failed!")
+        sys.exit(1)