Release v2.3.48

- Rename 'Router Agent' to 'Model Router' for consistency
- Fix docs link to point to /features/model-router
- Add model-routing template CLI command
- Add link to Model Router documentation

.github/workflows/docker-publish.yml

@@ -1,45 +1,54 @@
-name: Daily Publish Docker
+name: Publish Docker
 
 on:
-  push:
-    branches:
-      - main
-  schedule:
-    - cron: '0 0 * * *'
+  release:
+    types: [published]
+  workflow_dispatch:
+    inputs:
+      tag:
+        description: 'Docker image tag (default: latest)'
+        required: false
+        default: 'latest'
 
 jobs:
-  check-and-build:
+  build-and-push:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    permissions:
+      contents: read
+      packages: write
     
     steps:
       - name: Checkout repository
-        uses: actions/checkout@v2
-
-      - name: Check last commit time
-        id: check_commit
-        run: |
-          last_commit_time=$(git log -1 --format=%ct)
-          current_time=$(date +%s)
-          time_diff=$((current_time - last_commit_time))
-          if [ $time_diff -ge 120 ] && [ $time_diff -lt 240 ]; then
-            echo "should_run=true" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
-          else
-            echo "should_run=false" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
-          fi
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
 
       - name: Set up Docker Buildx
-        if: steps.check_commit.outputs.should_run == 'true'
-        uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v1
+        uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v3
 
-      - name: Log in to the GitHub Container Registry
-        if: steps.check_commit.outputs.should_run == 'true'
-        run: echo ${{ secrets.GH_TOKEN }} | docker login ghcr.io -u USERNAME --password-stdin
+      - name: Log in to GitHub Container Registry
+        uses: docker/login-action@v3
+        with:
+          registry: ghcr.io
+          username: ${{ github.actor }}
+          password: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+
+      - name: Extract metadata for Docker
+        id: meta
+        uses: docker/metadata-action@v5
+        with:
+          images: ghcr.io/mervinpraison/praisonai
+          tags: |
+            type=raw,value=latest,enable=${{ github.event_name == 'release' }}
+            type=semver,pattern={{version}},enable=${{ github.event_name == 'release' }}
+            type=semver,pattern={{major}}.{{minor}},enable=${{ github.event_name == 'release' }}
+            type=raw,value=${{ github.event.inputs.tag || 'latest' }},enable=${{ github.event_name == 'workflow_dispatch' }}
 
       - name: Build and push Docker image
-        if: steps.check_commit.outputs.should_run == 'true'
-        uses: docker/build-push-action@v2
+        uses: docker/build-push-action@v5
         with:
           context: .
           file: ./docker/Dockerfile
           push: true
-          tags: ghcr.io/mervinpraison/praisonai:latest
+          tags: ${{ steps.meta.outputs.tags }}
+          labels: ${{ steps.meta.outputs.labels }}
+          cache-from: type=gha
+          cache-to: type=gha,mode=max

.gitignore

@@ -77,4 +77,7 @@ agents/praisonaiagents/praisonaiagents.egg-info
 .qodo
 CopilotKit*
 .gemini
-issue_details.json
+issue_details.json
+
+# MCP Registry tokens
+.mcpregistry_*

docker/Dockerfile

@@ -14,9 +14,10 @@ RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \
 RUN mkdir -p /root/.praison
 
 # Install Python packages (using latest versions)
+# Note: praisonai is installed from PyPI - remove version pin to use latest available
 RUN pip install --no-cache-dir \
     flask \
-    "praisonai>=2.3.26" \
+    praisonai \
     "praisonai[api]" \
     gunicorn \
     markdown

docker/Dockerfile.chat

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ RUN mkdir -p /root/.praison
 # Install Python packages (using latest versions)
 RUN pip install --no-cache-dir \
     praisonai_tools \
-    "praisonai>=2.3.26" \
+    "praisonai>=2.3.48" \
     "praisonai[chat]" \
     "embedchain[github,youtube]"
 

docker/Dockerfile.dev

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ RUN mkdir -p /root/.praison
 # Install Python packages (using latest versions)
 RUN pip install --no-cache-dir \
     praisonai_tools \
-    "praisonai>=2.3.26" \
+    "praisonai>=2.3.48" \
     "praisonai[ui]" \
     "praisonai[chat]" \
     "praisonai[realtime]" \

docker/Dockerfile.serve

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+# Dockerfile for PraisonAI Serve API
+# Deploy to Railway, Render, Fly.io, or any container platform
+#
+# Build: docker build -f Dockerfile.serve -t praisonai-serve .
+# Run:   docker run -p 8005:8005 -e OPENAI_API_KEY=sk-xxx praisonai-serve
+
+FROM python:3.11-slim
+
+WORKDIR /app
+
+# Install dependencies
+RUN pip install --no-cache-dir praisonai praisonaiagents
+
+# Copy agents configuration
+COPY agents.yaml .
+
+# Expose the API port
+EXPOSE 8005
+
+# Health check
+HEALTHCHECK --interval=30s --timeout=10s --start-period=5s --retries=3 \
+    CMD curl -f http://localhost:8005/health || exit 1
+
+# Start the API server
+CMD ["praisonai", "serve", "agents.yaml", "--host", "0.0.0.0", "--port", "8005"]

docker/Dockerfile.ui

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ RUN mkdir -p /root/.praison
 # Install Python packages (using latest versions)
 RUN pip install --no-cache-dir \
     praisonai_tools \
-    "praisonai>=2.3.26" \
+    "praisonai>=2.3.48" \
     "praisonai[ui]" \
     "praisonai[crewai]"
 

examples/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+# PraisonAI Examples
+
+This folder contains examples for PraisonAI. For detailed documentation, visit [docs.praison.ai](https://docs.praison.ai).
+
+## Structure
+
+```
+examples/
+├── python/           # Python examples
+│   ├── agents/       # Agent examples (single, multi, router, etc.)
+│   ├── workflows/    # Workflow patterns (routing, parallel, loop)
+│   ├── tools/        # Custom tools examples
+│   ├── mcp/          # MCP protocol examples
+│   ├── memory/       # Memory and sessions
+│   ├── code/         # Code editing and external CLI tools
+│   └── ...
+├── yaml/             # YAML workflow examples
+└── cookbooks/        # Complete use-case examples
+```
+
+## Quick Links
+
+| Category | Examples | Docs |
+|----------|----------|------|
+| **Agents** | [python/agents/](python/agents/) | [📖](https://docs.praison.ai/concepts/agents) |
+| **Workflows** | [python/workflows/](python/workflows/) | [📖](https://docs.praison.ai/features/workflows) |
+| **Model Router** | [python/agents/router-agent-cost-optimization.py](python/agents/router-agent-cost-optimization.py) | [📖](https://docs.praison.ai/features/model-router) |
+| **MCP** | [python/mcp/](python/mcp/) | [📖](https://docs.praison.ai/mcp) |
+| **Memory** | [python/memory/](python/memory/) | [📖](https://docs.praison.ai/concepts/memory) |
+| **Tools** | [python/tools/](python/tools/) | [📖](https://docs.praison.ai/tools) |
+| **Code** | [python/code/](python/code/) | [📖](https://docs.praison.ai/code) |
+| **YAML** | [yaml/](yaml/) | [📖](https://docs.praison.ai/features/yaml-workflows) |
+
+## Running Examples
+
+```bash
+# Install PraisonAI
+pip install praisonai
+
+# Set API key
+export OPENAI_API_KEY=your_key_here
+
+# Run an example
+python examples/python/agents/single-agent.py
+```
+
+## CLI Commands
+
+See the main [README.md](../README.md#-cli--no-code-interface) for all CLI commands.

examples/cookbooks/yaml/aws_bedrock_agents.yaml

@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
 framework: crewai
 topic: "Technology Research and Content Creation using AWS Bedrock"
 
-roles:
+agents:  # Canonical: use 'agents' instead of 'roles'
   research_specialist:
     role: "Research Specialist"
-    backstory: |
+    instructions:  # Canonical |
       You are an experienced technology researcher with deep expertise in analyzing 
       emerging technologies and market trends. You excel at gathering comprehensive 
       information from various sources and synthesizing it into actionable insights.
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ roles:
 
   content_creator:
     role: "Technical Content Creator"
-    backstory: |
+    instructions:  # Canonical |
       You are a skilled technical writer and content creator who specializes in 
       translating complex technology concepts into engaging, accessible content 
       for various audiences including developers, business leaders, and end users.
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ roles:
 
   quality_reviewer:
     role: "Content Quality Reviewer"
-    backstory: |
+    instructions:  # Canonical |
       You are a meticulous editor and quality assurance specialist with extensive 
       experience in technical content review. You ensure accuracy, clarity, and 
       consistency while maintaining the intended tone and message.

examples/cookbooks/yaml/secondary_market_research_agents.yaml

@@ -8,10 +8,10 @@ variables:
   industry: "Electric Vehicles"
   research_focus: "comprehensive market analysis"
 
-roles:
+agents:  # Canonical: use 'agents' instead of 'roles'
   market_overview_specialist:
     role: "Market Overview Specialist" 
-    backstory: |
+    instructions:  # Canonical |
       You are a seasoned market research analyst with 10+ years of experience 
       in analyzing market dynamics, trends, and growth patterns across various 
       industries. You excel at synthesizing complex market data into clear, 
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ roles:
 
   competitive_intelligence_analyst:
     role: "Competitive Intelligence Analyst"
-    backstory: |
+    instructions:  # Canonical |
       You are a competitive intelligence expert specializing in analyzing 
       competitive landscapes, market positioning, and strategic intelligence. 
       You have deep expertise in competitor analysis, market share assessment, 
@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ roles:
 
   financial_performance_analyst:
     role: "Financial Performance Analyst"
-    backstory: |
+    instructions:  # Canonical |
       You are a financial analyst with expertise in corporate finance, 
       financial statement analysis, and industry benchmarking. You specialize 
       in analyzing financial performance metrics, trends, and comparative 
@@ -173,7 +173,7 @@ roles:
 
   growth_opportunities_researcher:
     role: "Growth Opportunities Researcher"
-    backstory: |
+    instructions:  # Canonical |
       You are a strategic business analyst specializing in identifying growth 
       opportunities, market expansion strategies, and emerging business models. 
       You excel at spotting trends, gaps, and untapped potential in markets 
@@ -228,7 +228,7 @@ roles:
 
   risk_assessment_specialist:
     role: "Risk Assessment Specialist"
-    backstory: |
+    instructions:  # Canonical |
       You are a risk management expert with extensive experience in identifying, 
       analyzing, and assessing business risks across various industries. You 
       specialize in market risks, competitive threats, regulatory challenges, 
@@ -287,7 +287,7 @@ roles:
 
   research_report_synthesizer:
     role: "Research Report Synthesizer"
-    backstory: |
+    instructions:  # Canonical |
       You are an expert business report writer and analyst with extensive 
       experience in synthesizing complex research findings into clear, 
       actionable business intelligence reports. You excel at creating 

examples/python/a2a/a2a-server.py

@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+"""
+PraisonAI A2A Server Example
+
+Expose a PraisonAI Agent as an A2A (Agent2Agent) Server.
+This enables other AI agents to discover and communicate with your agent.
+
+Run:
+    uvicorn a2a-server:app --reload
+
+Endpoints:
+    GET /.well-known/agent.json  - Agent Card for discovery
+    GET /status                   - Server status
+"""
+
+from praisonaiagents import Agent, A2A
+from fastapi import FastAPI
+
+# Create an agent with tools
+def search_web(query: str) -> str:
+    """Search the web for information."""
+    return f"Search results for: {query}"
+
+def calculate(expression: str) -> str:
+    """Calculate a mathematical expression."""
+    try:
+        return f"Result: {eval(expression)}"
+    except Exception:
+        return "Invalid expression"
+
+agent = Agent(
+    name="Research Assistant",
+    role="Research Analyst",
+    goal="Help users research topics and answer questions",
+    tools=[search_web, calculate]
+)
+
+# Expose as A2A Server
+a2a = A2A(
+    agent=agent,
+    url="http://localhost:8000/a2a",
+    version="1.0.0"
+)
+
+# Create FastAPI app
+app = FastAPI(
+    title="PraisonAI A2A Server",
+    description="A2A-compatible agent server"
+)
+app.include_router(a2a.get_router())
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    import uvicorn
+    uvicorn.run(app, host="0.0.0.0", port=8000)

examples/python/agents/autoagents_workflow_patterns.py

@@ -0,0 +1,132 @@
+"""
+AutoAgents Workflow Patterns Example
+
+This example demonstrates the new workflow auto-generation features:
+- Dynamic agent count based on task complexity
+- Multiple workflow patterns (sequential, parallel, routing, orchestrator-workers, evaluator-optimizer)
+- Pattern recommendation based on task keywords
+
+Documentation: https://docs.praison.ai/features/autoagents
+CLI Reference: https://docs.praison.ai/nocode/auto
+"""
+
+from praisonai.auto import AutoGenerator, WorkflowAutoGenerator
+import os
+import tempfile
+
+# Ensure API key is set
+if not os.environ.get("OPENAI_API_KEY"):
+    print("Please set OPENAI_API_KEY environment variable")
+    exit(1)
+
+print("=" * 60)
+print("AutoAgents Workflow Patterns Demo")
+print("=" * 60)
+
+# =============================================================================
+# Example 1: Dynamic Agent Count (Simple vs Complex Tasks)
+# =============================================================================
+print("\n📊 Example 1: Dynamic Agent Count")
+print("-" * 40)
+
+# Simple task - should create 1-2 agents
+with tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(mode='w', suffix='.yaml', delete=False) as f:
+    simple_file = f.name
+
+simple_generator = AutoGenerator(
+    topic="Write a haiku about spring",
+    agent_file=simple_file,
+    framework="praisonai"
+)
+
+print("Simple task: 'Write a haiku about spring'")
+result = simple_generator.generate()
+print(f"Generated: {result}")
+
+# Complex task - should create 3-4 agents
+with tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(mode='w', suffix='.yaml', delete=False) as f:
+    complex_file = f.name
+
+complex_generator = AutoGenerator(
+    topic="Research AI trends, analyze market data, write a comprehensive report with executive summary",
+    agent_file=complex_file,
+    framework="praisonai"
+)
+
+print("\nComplex task: 'Research AI trends, analyze market data...'")
+result = complex_generator.generate()
+print(f"Generated: {result}")
+
+# =============================================================================
+# Example 2: Pattern Recommendation
+# =============================================================================
+print("\n🎯 Example 2: Pattern Recommendation")
+print("-" * 40)
+
+test_tasks = [
+    ("Write a blog post", "sequential"),
+    ("Research from multiple sources simultaneously", "parallel"),
+    ("Classify and route customer requests", "routing"),
+    ("Comprehensive analysis and break down the problem", "orchestrator-workers"),
+    ("Refine and improve content quality", "evaluator-optimizer"),
+]
+
+for task, expected in test_tasks:
+    generator = WorkflowAutoGenerator(topic=task)
+    recommended = generator.recommend_pattern()
+    status = "✅" if recommended == expected else "⚠️"
+    print(f"{status} Task: '{task[:40]}...'")
+    print(f"   Recommended: {recommended}")
+
+# =============================================================================
+# Example 3: Generate Workflow with Specific Pattern
+# =============================================================================
+print("\n🔄 Example 3: Generate Workflows with Patterns")
+print("-" * 40)
+
+patterns = ["sequential", "parallel", "orchestrator-workers", "evaluator-optimizer"]
+
+for pattern in patterns:
+    with tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(mode='w', suffix='.yaml', delete=False) as f:
+        workflow_file = f.name
+    
+    generator = WorkflowAutoGenerator(
+        topic="Create a market analysis report",
+        workflow_file=workflow_file
+    )
+    
+    print(f"\n📋 Pattern: {pattern}")
+    result = generator.generate(pattern=pattern)
+    print(f"   Generated: {result}")
+    
+    # Read and show structure
+    import yaml
+    with open(result, 'r') as f:
+        data = yaml.safe_load(f)
+    print(f"   Agents: {list(data.get('agents', {}).keys())}")
+    print(f"   Steps: {len(data.get('steps', []))}")
+
+# =============================================================================
+# Example 4: CLI Usage (for reference)
+# =============================================================================
+print("\n💻 Example 4: CLI Commands (for reference)")
+print("-" * 40)
+print("""
+# Auto-generate agents (dynamic count)
+praisonai --auto "Write a haiku about spring"
+
+# Auto-generate workflow with pattern
+praisonai workflow auto "Research and write a report" --pattern sequential
+praisonai workflow auto "Research from multiple sources" --pattern parallel
+praisonai workflow auto "Comprehensive market analysis" --pattern orchestrator-workers
+praisonai workflow auto "Refine content quality" --pattern evaluator-optimizer
+
+# With output file
+praisonai workflow auto "Customer support routing" --pattern routing --output support.yaml
+""")
+
+print("\n" + "=" * 60)
+print("✅ AutoAgents Workflow Patterns Demo Complete!")
+print("=" * 60)
+print("\nDocumentation: https://docs.praison.ai/features/autoagents")
+print("CLI Reference: https://docs.praison.ai/nocode/auto")

examples/python/cli/autonomy_modes_example.py

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+"""
+Autonomy Modes Example for PraisonAI CLI.
+
+Control AI autonomy: suggest, auto_edit, full_auto.
+Docs: https://docs.praison.ai/cli/autonomy-modes
+"""
+
+from praisonai.cli.features import AutonomyModeHandler
+from praisonai.cli.features.autonomy_mode import ActionRequest, ActionType
+
+# Initialize with suggest mode (safest)
+handler = AutonomyModeHandler()
+manager = handler.initialize(mode="suggest")
+
+print(f"Current mode: {handler.get_mode()}")
+print("Available modes: suggest, auto_edit, full_auto")
+
+# Create an action request
+action = ActionRequest(
+    action_type=ActionType.FILE_WRITE,
+    description="Edit src/main.py to add logging",
+    details={"file": "src/main.py"}
+)
+
+# In suggest mode, this would require approval
+# For demo, we'll just show the action
+print(f"\nAction: {action.description}")
+print(f"Type: {action.action_type.value}")
+print("Would require approval in 'suggest' mode")
+
+# Change to auto_edit mode
+handler.set_mode("auto_edit")
+print(f"\nChanged to: {handler.get_mode()}")
+print("File edits now auto-approved, shell commands still require approval")
+
+# Get statistics
+stats = handler.get_stats()
+print(f"\nStats: {stats}")

examples/python/cli/cost_tracking_example.py

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+"""
+Cost Tracking Example for PraisonAI CLI.
+
+Real-time token usage and cost monitoring.
+Docs: https://docs.praison.ai/cli/cost-tracking
+"""
+
+from praisonai.cli.features import CostTrackerHandler
+
+# Initialize tracker
+handler = CostTrackerHandler()
+tracker = handler.initialize(session_id="demo-session")
+
+# Track some requests
+handler.track_request("gpt-4o", input_tokens=1000, output_tokens=500)
+handler.track_request("gpt-4o-mini", input_tokens=2000, output_tokens=800)
+handler.track_request("claude-3-5-sonnet", input_tokens=1500, output_tokens=600)
+
+# Get totals
+print(f"Total tokens: {handler.get_tokens():,}")
+print(f"Total cost: ${handler.get_cost():.4f}")
+
+# Get detailed summary
+summary = handler.get_summary()
+print("\n=== Session Summary ===")
+print(f"Session ID: {summary['session_id']}")
+print(f"Total requests: {summary['total_requests']}")
+print(f"Input tokens: {summary['total_input_tokens']:,}")
+print(f"Output tokens: {summary['total_output_tokens']:,}")
+print(f"Total cost: ${summary['total_cost']:.4f}")
+print(f"Avg cost/request: ${summary['avg_cost_per_request']:.4f}")
+
+# Display formatted (uses Rich if available)
+handler.display_summary()

examples/python/cli/git_integration_example.py

@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+"""
+Git Integration Example for PraisonAI CLI.
+
+Auto-commit with AI messages, diff viewing, undo.
+Docs: https://docs.praison.ai/cli/git-integration
+"""
+
+from praisonai.cli.features import GitIntegrationHandler
+
+# Initialize
+handler = GitIntegrationHandler(verbose=True)
+git = handler.initialize(repo_path=".")
+
+# Check if it's a git repo
+if not git.is_repo:
+    print("Not a git repository!")
+    exit(1)
+
+# Show status
+print("=== Git Status ===")
+status = handler.show_status()
+print(f"Branch: {status.branch}")
+print(f"Staged: {len(status.staged_files)}")
+print(f"Modified: {len(status.modified_files)}")
+print(f"Untracked: {len(status.untracked_files)}")
+
+# Show diff (if any changes)
+if status.has_changes:
+    print("\n=== Diff ===")
+    diff = handler.show_diff()
+    if diff:
+        print(diff[:300] + "..." if len(diff) > 300 else diff)
+
+# Show recent commits
+print("\n=== Recent Commits ===")
+commits = handler.show_log(count=5)
+for c in commits:
+    print(f"  {c.short_hash} {c.message[:50]}")
+
+# To commit with AI message:
+# commit = handler.commit()  # Auto-generates message
+# commit = handler.commit(message="Custom message")
+
+# To undo last commit:
+# handler.undo(soft=True)  # Keeps changes staged

examples/python/cli/interactive_tui_example.py

@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+"""
+Interactive TUI Example for PraisonAI CLI.
+
+Rich terminal interface with completions and history.
+Docs: https://docs.praison.ai/cli/interactive-tui
+"""
+
+from praisonai.cli.features import InteractiveTUIHandler
+from praisonai.cli.features.interactive_tui import InteractiveConfig
+
+# Custom configuration
+config = InteractiveConfig(
+    prompt="ai> ",
+    multiline=True,
+    enable_completions=True,
+    show_status_bar=True
+)
+
+# Define callbacks
+def on_input(text):
+    """Handle regular input."""
+    return f"You said: {text}"
+
+def on_command(cmd):
+    """Handle slash commands."""
+    if cmd == "/exit":
+        return {"type": "exit"}
+    return {"type": "command", "message": f"Executed: {cmd}"}
+
+# Initialize
+handler = InteractiveTUIHandler()
+session = handler.initialize(
+    config=config,
+    on_input=on_input,
+    on_command=on_command
+)
+
+# Add commands for completion
+session.add_commands(["help", "exit", "cost", "model", "plan"])
+
+# Add symbols from codebase
+session.add_symbols(["MyClass", "my_function"])
+
+print("Interactive TUI initialized!")
+print("Commands available: /help, /exit, /cost, /model, /plan")
+print("Run handler.run() to start interactive session")
+
+# Uncomment to run interactive session:
+# handler.run()

examples/python/cli/repo_map_example.py

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+"""
+Repository Map Example for PraisonAI CLI.
+
+Intelligent codebase mapping with symbol extraction.
+Docs: https://docs.praison.ai/cli/repo-map
+"""
+
+from praisonai.cli.features import RepoMapHandler
+
+# Initialize with current directory
+handler = RepoMapHandler(verbose=True)
+repo_map = handler.initialize(root=".")
+
+# Get the repository map
+print("=== Repository Map ===")
+map_str = handler.get_map()
+print(map_str[:500] if len(map_str) > 500 else map_str)
+print("..." if len(map_str) > 500 else "")
+
+# Refresh after file changes
+handler.refresh()
+
+# Get symbols for a specific file (if exists)
+# symbols = handler.get_context("MyClass")

examples/python/cli/sandbox_execution_example.py

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+"""
+Sandbox Execution Example for PraisonAI CLI.
+
+Secure isolated command execution (--sandbox flag).
+Docs: https://docs.praison.ai/cli/sandbox-execution
+"""
+
+from praisonai.cli.features import SandboxExecutorHandler
+from praisonai.cli.features.sandbox_executor import SandboxMode
+
+# Initialize with basic sandbox
+handler = SandboxExecutorHandler(verbose=True)
+sandbox = handler.initialize(mode="basic")
+
+print(f"Sandbox mode: {handler.get_mode()}")
+print(f"Sandbox enabled: {handler.is_enabled}")
+
+# Execute a safe command
+print("\n=== Safe Command ===")
+result = handler.execute("echo 'Hello from sandbox!'")
+print(f"Success: {result.success}")
+print(f"Output: {result.stdout.strip()}")
+print(f"Sandboxed: {result.was_sandboxed}")
+
+# Try a blocked command
+print("\n=== Blocked Command ===")
+result = handler.execute("rm -rf /")
+print(f"Success: {result.success}")
+print(f"Violations: {result.policy_violations}")
+
+# Validate command before execution
+print("\n=== Command Validation ===")
+violations = handler.validate_command("sudo apt install something")
+if violations:
+    print(f"Command blocked: {violations}")
+else:
+    print("Command allowed")
+
+# Available modes
+print("\n=== Available Modes ===")
+for mode in SandboxMode:
+    print(f"  {mode.value}")

examples/python/cli/slash_commands_example.py

@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+"""
+Slash Commands Example for PraisonAI CLI.
+
+Demonstrates interactive slash commands like /help, /cost, /model.
+Docs: https://docs.praison.ai/cli/slash-commands
+"""
+
+from praisonai.cli.features import SlashCommandHandler
+from praisonai.cli.features.slash_commands import SlashCommand, CommandKind
+
+# Create handler
+handler = SlashCommandHandler()
+
+# Execute commands
+print("=== /help ===")
+result = handler.execute("/help")
+print(result.get("message", ""))
+
+print("\n=== /cost ===")
+result = handler.execute("/cost")
+print(result.get("message", ""))
+
+print("\n=== /model ===")
+result = handler.execute("/model")
+print(result.get("message", ""))
+
+# Check if input is a command
+print("\n=== Command Detection ===")
+print(f"/help is command: {handler.is_command('/help')}")
+print(f"hello is command: {handler.is_command('hello')}")
+
+# Get completions for auto-complete
+print("\n=== Completions for '/he' ===")
+completions = handler.get_completions("/he")
+print(completions)
+
+# Register custom command
+def my_custom_handler(args, context):
+    return {"type": "custom", "message": f"Custom command with args: {args}"}
+
+custom_cmd = SlashCommand(
+    name="mycommand",
+    description="My custom command",
+    handler=my_custom_handler,
+    kind=CommandKind.ACTION,
+    aliases=["mc"]
+)
+
+handler.register(custom_cmd)
+result = handler.execute("/mycommand arg1 arg2")
+print(f"\n=== Custom Command ===\n{result.get('message', '')}")

examples/python/code/claude_code_example.py

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+"""
+Claude Code CLI Integration Example
+
+Demonstrates how to use Claude Code CLI as an agent tool in PraisonAI.
+"""
+
+import asyncio
+from praisonai.integrations import ClaudeCodeIntegration
+
+async def main():
+    # Create Claude Code integration
+    claude = ClaudeCodeIntegration(
+        workspace=".",
+        output_format="json",
+        skip_permissions=True,
+        system_prompt="Be concise and follow best practices",
+        allowed_tools=["Read", "Write", "Bash"]
+    )
+    
+    # Check availability
+    print(f"Claude CLI available: {claude.is_available}")
+    print(f"Claude SDK available: {claude.sdk_available}")
+    
+    # Execute a coding task
+    result = await claude.execute("List all Python files in the current directory")
+    print(f"Result: {result}")
+    
+    # Stream output
+    print("\nStreaming output:")
+    async for event in claude.stream("Explain the project structure"):
+        print(event)
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    asyncio.run(main())

examples/python/code/code_editing_example.py

@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+"""
+Code Editing Tools Example
+
+Demonstrates how to use PraisonAI's code editing tools with SEARCH/REPLACE diffs.
+"""
+
+from praisonai.code import (
+    set_workspace,
+    code_read_file,
+    code_write_file,
+    code_apply_diff,
+    code_list_files,
+    code_execute_command,
+    CODE_TOOLS
+)
+
+# Set workspace
+set_workspace(".")
+
+# List files
+print("Files in current directory:")
+files = code_list_files(".", recursive=False)
+for f in files:
+    print(f"  {f}")
+
+# Read a file
+print("\nReading example file:")
+try:
+    content = code_read_file("README.md", start_line=1, end_line=10)
+    print(content)
+except Exception as e:
+    print(f"  File not found: {e}")
+
+# Write a file
+print("\nWriting test file:")
+code_write_file("test_output.txt", "Hello from PraisonAI Code Tools!")
+print("  Created test_output.txt")
+
+# Apply a diff
+print("\nApplying diff:")
+diff = """
+<<<<<<< SEARCH
+Hello from PraisonAI Code Tools!
+=======
+Hello from PraisonAI Code Tools!
+This line was added by a diff.
+>>>>>>> REPLACE
+"""
+result = code_apply_diff("test_output.txt", diff)
+print(f"  {result}")
+
+# Execute command
+print("\nExecuting command:")
+output = code_execute_command("cat test_output.txt")
+print(f"  {output}")
+
+# Cleanup
+import os
+os.remove("test_output.txt")
+print("\nCleanup complete.")

examples/python/code/codex_cli_example.py

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+"""
+Codex CLI Integration Example
+
+Demonstrates how to use OpenAI Codex CLI as an agent tool in PraisonAI.
+"""
+
+import asyncio
+from praisonai.integrations import CodexCLIIntegration
+
+async def main():
+    # Create Codex CLI integration
+    codex = CodexCLIIntegration(
+        workspace=".",
+        full_auto=True,
+        sandbox="danger-full-access",
+        json_output=True
+    )
+    
+    # Check availability
+    print(f"Codex CLI available: {codex.is_available}")
+    print(f"Full Auto: {codex.full_auto}")
+    print(f"Sandbox: {codex.sandbox}")
+    
+    # Execute a coding task
+    result = await codex.execute("List files in the current directory")
+    print(f"Result: {result}")
+    
+    # Stream JSON events
+    print("\nStreaming events:")
+    async for event in codex.stream("Explain the project"):
+        event_type = event.get("type", "")
+        if event_type == "item.completed":
+            print(f"  {event}")
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    asyncio.run(main())

examples/python/code/cursor_cli_example.py

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+"""
+Cursor CLI Integration Example
+
+Demonstrates how to use Cursor CLI as an agent tool in PraisonAI.
+"""
+
+import asyncio
+from praisonai.integrations import CursorCLIIntegration
+
+async def main():
+    # Create Cursor CLI integration
+    cursor = CursorCLIIntegration(
+        workspace=".",
+        output_format="json",
+        force=True,
+        model="gpt-5",
+        stream_partial=True
+    )
+    
+    # Check availability
+    print(f"Cursor CLI available: {cursor.is_available}")
+    print(f"Force mode: {cursor.force}")
+    print(f"Model: {cursor.model}")
+    
+    # Execute a coding task
+    result = await cursor.execute("List files in the current directory")
+    print(f"Result: {result}")
+    
+    # Stream output
+    print("\nStreaming output:")
+    async for event in cursor.stream("Explain the project"):
+        content = event.get("content", "")
+        if content:
+            print(content, end="", flush=True)
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    asyncio.run(main())

examples/python/code/external_agents_example.py

@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+"""
+External Agents Integration Example
+
+Demonstrates how to use all external CLI integrations as agent tools.
+"""
+
+import asyncio
+from praisonai.integrations import (
+    ClaudeCodeIntegration,
+    GeminiCLIIntegration,
+    CodexCLIIntegration,
+    CursorCLIIntegration,
+    get_available_integrations
+)
+
+async def main():
+    # Check availability of all integrations
+    print("=== External CLI Integrations ===\n")
+    
+    availability = get_available_integrations()
+    print("Availability:")
+    for name, avail in availability.items():
+        status = "✅" if avail else "❌"
+        print(f"  {status} {name}")
+    
+    # Create integrations
+    print("\n--- Claude Code ---")
+    claude = ClaudeCodeIntegration(workspace=".", skip_permissions=True)
+    print(f"CLI: {claude.cli_command}")
+    print(f"Available: {claude.is_available}")
+    tool = claude.as_tool()
+    print(f"Tool: {tool.__name__}")
+    
+    print("\n--- Gemini CLI ---")
+    gemini = GeminiCLIIntegration(workspace=".", model="gemini-2.5-flash")
+    print(f"CLI: {gemini.cli_command}")
+    print(f"Available: {gemini.is_available}")
+    tool = gemini.as_tool()
+    print(f"Tool: {tool.__name__}")
+    
+    print("\n--- Codex CLI ---")
+    codex = CodexCLIIntegration(workspace=".", full_auto=True)
+    print(f"CLI: {codex.cli_command}")
+    print(f"Available: {codex.is_available}")
+    tool = codex.as_tool()
+    print(f"Tool: {tool.__name__}")
+    
+    print("\n--- Cursor CLI ---")
+    cursor = CursorCLIIntegration(workspace=".", force=True)
+    print(f"CLI: {cursor.cli_command}")
+    print(f"Available: {cursor.is_available}")
+    tool = cursor.as_tool()
+    print(f"Tool: {tool.__name__}")
+    
+    print("\n=== All integrations ready ===")
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    asyncio.run(main())

examples/python/code/gemini_cli_example.py

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+"""
+Gemini CLI Integration Example
+
+Demonstrates how to use Gemini CLI as an agent tool in PraisonAI.
+"""
+
+import asyncio
+from praisonai.integrations import GeminiCLIIntegration
+
+async def main():
+    # Create Gemini CLI integration
+    gemini = GeminiCLIIntegration(
+        workspace=".",
+        model="gemini-2.5-flash",
+        output_format="json",
+        include_directories=["../lib", "../docs"]
+    )
+    
+    # Check availability
+    print(f"Gemini CLI available: {gemini.is_available}")
+    print(f"Model: {gemini.model}")
+    
+    # Execute a coding task
+    result = await gemini.execute("Analyze the code structure")
+    print(f"Result: {result}")
+    
+    # Execute with stats
+    result, stats = await gemini.execute_with_stats("Explain main.py")
+    print(f"Result: {result}")
+    print(f"Stats: {stats}")
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    asyncio.run(main())

examples/python/general/auto_agents_example.py

@@ -1,11 +1,48 @@
+"""
+AutoAgents Example
+
+AutoAgents automatically creates and manages AI agents based on high-level instructions.
+It features dynamic agent count based on task complexity.
+
+Documentation: https://docs.praison.ai/features/autoagents
+CLI Reference: https://docs.praison.ai/nocode/auto
+
+New Features:
+- Dynamic agent count (1-4 based on task complexity)
+- Workflow patterns: sequential, parallel, routing, orchestrator-workers, evaluator-optimizer
+- Pattern recommendation based on task keywords
+- Tool preservation from LLM suggestions
+"""
+
 from praisonaiagents import AutoAgents
 from praisonaiagents.tools import duckduckgo
 
+# Basic usage - AutoAgents analyzes complexity and creates optimal agents
 agents = AutoAgents(
     instructions="Search for information about AI Agents",
     tools=[duckduckgo],
-    process="sequential",
-    verbose=True
+    process="sequential",  # or "hierarchical"
+    verbose=True,
+    max_agents=3  # Maximum number of agents to create
 )
 
-agents.start()
+result = agents.start()
+print(result)
+
+# =============================================================================
+# CLI Usage Examples (for reference)
+# =============================================================================
+# 
+# # Auto-generate agents (dynamic count based on complexity)
+# praisonai --auto "Write a haiku about spring"
+# praisonai --auto "Research AI trends, analyze data, write report"
+#
+# # Auto-generate workflow with specific pattern
+# praisonai workflow auto "Research and write" --pattern sequential
+# praisonai workflow auto "Research from multiple sources" --pattern parallel
+# praisonai workflow auto "Comprehensive analysis" --pattern orchestrator-workers
+# praisonai workflow auto "Refine content quality" --pattern evaluator-optimizer
+#
+# # With framework selection
+# praisonai --framework crewai --auto "Create a movie script"
+# praisonai --framework autogen --auto "Create a movie script"

examples/python/mcp/multiple-mcp-servers.py

@@ -0,0 +1,108 @@
+"""
+Multiple MCP Servers Example
+
+This example demonstrates how to use multiple MCP servers with a single agent.
+You can combine different MCP servers (time, memory, filesystem, etc.) along
+with regular Python functions as tools.
+
+Requirements:
+- pip install praisonaiagents
+- uvx (for mcp-server-time)
+- npx (for @modelcontextprotocol servers)
+"""
+
+from praisonaiagents import Agent
+from praisonaiagents.mcp import MCP
+
+
+def my_custom_tool(query: str) -> str:
+    """
+    A custom Python function that can be used alongside MCP tools.
+    
+    Args:
+        query: The search query
+        
+    Returns:
+        A formatted result string
+    """
+    return f"Custom tool result for: {query}"
+
+
+def main():
+    # Example 1: Single MCP server (basic usage)
+    print("=" * 60)
+    print("Example 1: Single MCP Server")
+    print("=" * 60)
+    
+    agent_single = Agent(
+        name="TimeAgent",
+        instructions="You are a helpful assistant that can tell time.",
+        tools=MCP("uvx mcp-server-time")
+    )
+    
+    response = agent_single.start("What time is it in Tokyo?")
+    print(f"Response: {response}\n")
+    
+    # Example 2: Multiple MCP servers
+    print("=" * 60)
+    print("Example 2: Multiple MCP Servers")
+    print("=" * 60)
+    
+    agent_multi = Agent(
+        name="MultiMCPAgent",
+        instructions="""You are a helpful assistant with access to multiple tools:
+        - Time tools for getting current time and converting timezones
+        - Memory tools for storing and retrieving information
+        Use the appropriate tool based on the user's request.""",
+        tools=[
+            MCP("uvx mcp-server-time"),                     # Time tools
+            MCP("npx @modelcontextprotocol/server-memory"), # Memory tools
+        ]
+    )
+    
+    response = agent_multi.start("What time is it in New York and London?")
+    print(f"Response: {response}\n")
+    
+    # Example 3: Multiple MCP servers + custom functions
+    print("=" * 60)
+    print("Example 3: MCP Servers + Custom Functions")
+    print("=" * 60)
+    
+    agent_mixed = Agent(
+        name="MixedToolsAgent",
+        instructions="""You are a helpful assistant with access to:
+        - Time tools for timezone operations
+        - A custom search tool for general queries
+        Choose the right tool for each task.""",
+        tools=[
+            MCP("uvx mcp-server-time"),  # MCP server
+            my_custom_tool                # Regular Python function
+        ]
+    )
+    
+    response = agent_mixed.start("What time is it in Paris?")
+    print(f"Response: {response}\n")
+    
+    # Example 4: MCP with environment variables
+    print("=" * 60)
+    print("Example 4: MCP with Environment Variables")
+    print("=" * 60)
+    
+    # Note: Replace with your actual API key
+    # agent_with_env = Agent(
+    #     name="SearchAgent",
+    #     instructions="You can search the web for information.",
+    #     tools=[
+    #         MCP(
+    #             command="npx",
+    #             args=["-y", "@modelcontextprotocol/server-brave-search"],
+    #             env={"BRAVE_API_KEY": "your-api-key-here"}
+    #         ),
+    #         MCP("uvx mcp-server-time")
+    #     ]
+    # )
+    print("(Skipped - requires BRAVE_API_KEY)")
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()

examples/python/tools/e2b/agents.yaml

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 framework: praisonai
 topic: crawl and extract all data from each url from this page https://news.ycombinator.com/
-roles:
+agents:  # Canonical: use 'agents' instead of 'roles'
   web_scraper:
-    backstory: An expert in data extraction from websites, adept at navigating and
+    instructions:  # Canonical An expert in data extraction from websites, adept at navigating and
       retrieving detailed information.
     goal: Extract URLs from the source page
     role: Web Scraper
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ roles:
     tools:
     - 'code_interpret'
   url_data_extractor:
-    backstory: Specializes in crawling websites to gather comprehensive data, ensuring
+    instructions:  # Canonical Specializes in crawling websites to gather comprehensive data, ensuring
       nothing is missed from each link.
     goal: Crawl each URL for data extraction
     role: URL Data Extractor
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ roles:
     tools:
     - 'code_interpret'
   data_organizer:
-    backstory: Known for keen attention to detail, capable of structuring vast amounts
+    instructions:  # Canonical Known for keen attention to detail, capable of structuring vast amounts
       of information into usable formats efficiently.
     goal: Organize extracted data into a structured format
     role: Data Organizer

examples/yaml/agents_workflow.yaml

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
 
 framework: praisonai
 process: workflow
-topic: "Research AI trends and create a comprehensive report"
+input: "Research AI trends and create a comprehensive report"  # The input passed to {{input}} in steps
 
 # Workflow configuration (new)
 workflow:
@@ -31,17 +31,17 @@ variables:
     - Natural Language Processing
 
 # Agent definitions using familiar 'roles' format
-roles:
+agents:  # Canonical: use 'agents' instead of 'roles'
   classifier:
     role: Request Classifier
-    backstory: |
+    instructions:  # Canonical |
       You are an expert at classifying requests into categories.
       Respond with ONLY one word: 'technical', 'creative', or 'research'.
     goal: Classify incoming requests accurately
     
   researcher:
     role: Research Analyst
-    backstory: |
+    instructions:  # Canonical |
       You are a skilled research analyst with expertise in technology trends.
       You provide concise, factual research findings with citations.
     goal: Research topics thoroughly and provide insights
@@ -52,28 +52,28 @@ roles:
       
   tech_expert:
     role: Technical Expert
-    backstory: |
+    instructions:  # Canonical |
       You are a technical expert with deep knowledge in AI and ML.
       You provide detailed technical explanations.
     goal: Handle technical questions with expertise
     
   creative_writer:
     role: Creative Writer
-    backstory: |
+    instructions:  # Canonical |
       You are a creative writer who can make complex topics engaging.
       You write in a clear, accessible style.
     goal: Create engaging content from research
     
   market_analyst:
     role: Market Analyst
-    backstory: |
+    instructions:  # Canonical |
       You analyze market trends and competitive landscapes.
       You provide actionable business insights.
     goal: Analyze market trends and opportunities
     
   aggregator:
     role: Synthesizer
-    backstory: |
+    instructions:  # Canonical |
       You combine findings from multiple sources into coherent reports.
       You identify patterns and key insights.
     goal: Synthesize all findings into comprehensive reports

examples/yaml/workflows/loop_workflow.yaml

@@ -39,4 +39,4 @@ steps:
       over: topics
       
   - agent: summarizer
-    action: "Create a comprehensive summary of all the analyzed topics"
+    action: "Create a comprehensive summary of all the analyzed topics based on these results: {{previous_output}}"

examples/yaml/workflows/parallel_workflow.yaml

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 
 name: Parallel Research Workflow
 description: Multiple agents research different aspects concurrently, then an aggregator combines results
+input: "AI-powered customer service solutions"  # The input passed to {{input}} in steps
 
 workflow:
   verbose: true
@@ -43,4 +44,4 @@ steps:
         action: "Research customer needs for: {{input}}"
         
   - agent: aggregator
-    action: "Synthesize all the research findings into a comprehensive report"
+    action: "Synthesize all the research findings into a comprehensive report: {{previous_output}}"

examples/yaml/workflows/routing_workflow.yaml

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 
 name: Agentic Routing Workflow
 description: A classifier agent routes requests to specialized handler agents
+input: "Write a poem about the ocean"  # The input passed to {{input}} in steps
 
 workflow:
   verbose: true

examples/yaml/workflows/simple_workflow.yaml

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 
 name: Simple Research Workflow
 description: A simple workflow where a researcher gathers info and a writer summarizes it
+input: "The benefits of renewable energy"  # The input passed to {{input}} in steps
 
 workflow:
   verbose: true

src/praisonai-agents/.gitignore

@@ -87,3 +87,4 @@ graph.py
 chroma_db/
 .qodo
 *_COMPARISON_ANALYSIS.md
+*_REPORT.md

src/praisonai-agents/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+../../README.md

src/praisonai-agents/benchmarks/BENCHMARK_RESULTS.md

@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+# PraisonAI Agents - Benchmark Results
+
+**Generated:** 2025-12-18 14:40:22
+**Iterations:** 100
+**Test:** Agent instantiation (without tools)
+
+## Results
+
+| Framework | Avg Time (μs) | Relative |
+|-----------|---------------|----------|
+| **PraisonAI** | **3.77** | **1.00x (fastest)** |
+| OpenAI Agents SDK | 5.26 | 1.39x |
+| Agno | 5.64 | 1.49x |
+| PraisonAI (LiteLLM) | 7.56 | 2.00x |
+| PydanticAI | 226.94 | 60.16x |
+| LangGraph | 4,558.71 | 1,209x |
+| CrewAI | 15,607.92 | 4,138x |
+
+## Package Versions
+
+| Package | Version |
+|---------|--------|
+| PraisonAI | 0.1.5 |
+| Agno | 2.3.14 |
+| PydanticAI | 1.35.0 |
+| OpenAI Agents SDK | 0.6.3 |
+| LangGraph | 1.0.5 |
+| CrewAI | 1.6.1 |
+
+## How to Reproduce
+
+```bash
+cd praisonai-agents
+python benchmarks/simple_benchmark.py
+```

src/praisonai-agents/benchmarks/EXECUTION_BENCHMARK_RESULTS.md

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+# PraisonAI Agents - Real Execution Benchmark
+
+**Generated:** 2025-12-18 14:43:52
+**Model:** gpt-4o-mini
+**Iterations:** 3
+**Prompt:** "What is 2+2? Reply with just the number."
+
+## Results
+
+| Framework | Method | Avg Time | Relative |
+|-----------|--------|----------|----------|
+| **PraisonAI** | `agent.start()` | **0.45s** | **1.00x (fastest)** |
+| PraisonAI (LiteLLM) | `agent.start()` | 0.55s | 1.22x |
+| CrewAI | `crew.kickoff()` | 0.58s | 1.28x |
+| Agno | `agent.run()` | 0.92s | 2.05x |
+
+## Package Versions
+
+| Package | Version |
+|---------|--------|
+| PraisonAI | 0.1.5 |
+| Agno | 2.3.14 |
+| CrewAI | 1.6.1 |
+
+## How to Reproduce
+
+```bash
+export OPENAI_API_KEY=your_key
+cd praisonai-agents
+python benchmarks/execution_benchmark.py
+```

src/praisonai-agents/benchmarks/REAL_BENCHMARK_RESULTS.md

@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+# PraisonAI Agents - Real-World Execution Benchmark
+
+**Generated:** 2025-12-18 14:33:49
+**Model:** gpt-4o-mini
+**Iterations:** 3 per test
+
+## Results Summary
+
+| Test | PraisonAI (avg) | Agno (avg) | Difference |
+|------|-----------------|------------|------------|
+| Single Agent | 2.04s | 3.18s | PraisonAI 1.56x faster |
+| 2 Agents | 2.49s | 20.49s | PraisonAI 8.21x faster |
+| 3 Agents | 6.52s | 13.97s | PraisonAI 2.14x faster |
+
+## Detailed Results
+
+### praisonai_single
+- Average: 2.04s
+- Min: 1.95s
+- Max: 2.19s
+- Std Dev: 0.13s
+- Times: ['2.19s', '1.95s', '2.00s']
+
+### agno_single
+- Average: 3.18s
+- Min: 3.00s
+- Max: 3.51s
+- Std Dev: 0.28s
+- Times: ['3.51s', '3.00s', '3.04s']
+
+### praisonai_two_agents
+- Average: 2.49s
+- Min: 2.22s
+- Max: 2.65s
+- Std Dev: 0.24s
+- Times: ['2.65s', '2.22s', '2.62s']
+
+### agno_two_agents
+- Average: 20.49s
+- Min: 9.96s
+- Max: 35.05s
+- Std Dev: 13.02s
+- Times: ['16.46s', '9.96s', '35.05s']
+
+### praisonai_three_agents
+- Average: 6.52s
+- Min: 5.62s
+- Max: 7.39s
+- Std Dev: 0.88s
+- Times: ['5.62s', '6.54s', '7.39s']
+
+### agno_three_agents
+- Average: 13.97s
+- Min: 11.69s
+- Max: 15.32s
+- Std Dev: 1.99s
+- Times: ['14.91s', '11.69s', '15.32s']
+
+## Package Versions
+
+| Package | Version |
+|---------|--------|
+| PraisonAI | 0.1.5 |
+| Agno | 2.3.14 |
+
+## How to Reproduce
+
+```bash
+export OPENAI_API_KEY=your_key
+cd praisonai-agents
+python benchmarks/real_benchmark.py
+```

src/praisonai-agents/benchmarks/SIMPLE_BENCHMARK_RESULTS.md

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+# PraisonAI Agents - Benchmark Results
+
+**Generated:** 2025-12-18 13:23:43
+
+## Agent Instantiation Time
+
+| Framework | Avg Time (μs) | Relative |
+|-----------|---------------|----------|
+| **PraisonAI** | **4.16** | **1.00x (fastest)** |
+| OpenAI Agents SDK | 5.55 | 1.33x |
+| Agno | 5.58 | 1.34x |
+| PraisonAI (LiteLLM) | 8.52 | 2.05x |
+| PydanticAI | 225.87 | 54.25x |
+| LangGraph | 4,349.54 | 1,045x |
+| CrewAI | 15,911.11 | 3,821x |
+
+## How to Reproduce
+
+```bash
+cd praisonai-agents
+python benchmarks/simple_benchmark.py
+```

src/praisonai-agents/benchmarks/TOOLS_BENCHMARK_RESULTS.md

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+# PraisonAI Agents - Tools Benchmark Results
+
+**Generated:** 2025-12-18 14:40:35
+**Iterations:** 100
+**Test:** Agent instantiation WITH TOOLS
+
+## Results
+
+| Framework | Avg Time (μs) | Relative |
+|-----------|---------------|----------|
+| **PraisonAI** | **3.24** | **1.00x (fastest)** |
+| Agno | 5.12 | 1.58x |
+| PraisonAI (LiteLLM) | 8.59 | 2.65x |
+| OpenAI Agents SDK | 279.95 | 86.44x |
+| LangGraph | 2,310.82 | 713x |
+| CrewAI | 15,773.44 | 4,870x |
+
+## Package Versions
+
+| Package | Version |
+|---------|--------|
+| PraisonAI | 0.1.5 |
+| Agno | 2.3.14 |
+| OpenAI Agents SDK | 0.6.3 |
+| LangGraph | 1.0.5 |
+| CrewAI | 1.6.1 |
+
+## How to Reproduce
+
+```bash
+cd praisonai-agents
+python benchmarks/tools_benchmark.py
+```

src/praisonai-agents/benchmarks/deep_profiling.py

@@ -0,0 +1,368 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+"""
+PraisonAI Agents - Deep Profiling Benchmark
+
+Profiles each step of agent initialization to identify performance bottlenecks.
+
+Key Optimizations Applied:
+1. Lazy RulesManager - filesystem operations deferred until first access
+2. Lazy os.getcwd() - fast_context_path resolved only when needed
+3. Lazy console initialization - Rich Console created on demand
+
+Usage:
+    python benchmarks/deep_profiling.py
+"""
+
+import time
+import tracemalloc
+import cProfile
+import pstats
+import io
+from typing import Literal, Callable, Dict, List
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+
+# ============================================================================
+# Timing Utilities
+# ============================================================================
+
+@dataclass
+class StepTiming:
+    name: str
+    duration_us: float  # microseconds
+    memory_kb: float    # kilobytes
+
+
+class StepProfiler:
+    """Profile individual steps during initialization"""
+    
+    def __init__(self):
+        self.steps: List[StepTiming] = []
+        self._start_time = None
+        self._start_memory = None
+    
+    def start_step(self, name: str):
+        tracemalloc.start()
+        self._start_time = time.perf_counter()
+        self._step_name = name
+    
+    def end_step(self):
+        end_time = time.perf_counter()
+        current, peak = tracemalloc.get_traced_memory()
+        tracemalloc.stop()
+        
+        duration_us = (end_time - self._start_time) * 1_000_000
+        memory_kb = peak / 1024
+        
+        self.steps.append(StepTiming(
+            name=self._step_name,
+            duration_us=duration_us,
+            memory_kb=memory_kb
+        ))
+    
+    def print_report(self, title: str):
+        print(f"\n{'='*70}")
+        print(f"STEP-BY-STEP PROFILING: {title}")
+        print(f"{'='*70}")
+        
+        total_time = sum(s.duration_us for s in self.steps)
+        total_memory = sum(s.memory_kb for s in self.steps)
+        
+        print(f"\n{'Step':<40} {'Time (μs)':<15} {'Memory (KB)':<15} {'% Time':<10}")
+        print("-" * 80)
+        
+        for step in sorted(self.steps, key=lambda x: x.duration_us, reverse=True):
+            pct = (step.duration_us / total_time * 100) if total_time > 0 else 0
+            print(f"{step.name:<40} {step.duration_us:<15.2f} {step.memory_kb:<15.2f} {pct:<10.1f}%")
+        
+        print("-" * 80)
+        print(f"{'TOTAL':<40} {total_time:<15.2f} {total_memory:<15.2f} {'100.0':<10}%")
+
+
+def time_function(func: Callable, iterations: int = 100) -> Dict:
+    """Time a function with detailed statistics"""
+    times = []
+    
+    # Warmup
+    for _ in range(10):
+        func()
+    
+    # Measure
+    for _ in range(iterations):
+        start = time.perf_counter()
+        func()
+        end = time.perf_counter()
+        times.append((end - start) * 1_000_000)  # Convert to microseconds
+    
+    return {
+        'avg': sum(times) / len(times),
+        'min': min(times),
+        'max': max(times),
+        'median': sorted(times)[len(times)//2]
+    }
+
+
+# ============================================================================
+# Profile PraisonAI Agent Initialization - Step by Step
+# ============================================================================
+
+def profile_praisonai_detailed():
+    """Profile each step of PraisonAI Agent initialization"""
+    print("\n" + "="*70)
+    print("DETAILED PROFILING: PraisonAI Agent")
+    print("="*70)
+    
+    profiler = StepProfiler()
+    
+    # Step 1: Import
+    profiler.start_step("1. Import praisonaiagents")
+    from praisonaiagents import Agent as PraisonAgent
+    profiler.end_step()
+    
+    # Step 2: Define tool
+    profiler.start_step("2. Define tool function")
+    def get_weather(city: Literal["nyc", "sf"]):
+        """Use this to get weather information."""
+        if city == "nyc":
+            return "It might be cloudy in nyc"
+        elif city == "sf":
+            return "It's always sunny in sf"
+    tools = [get_weather]
+    profiler.end_step()
+    
+    # Step 3: Full instantiation
+    profiler.start_step("3. Full Agent instantiation")
+    agent = PraisonAgent(
+        name="Test Agent",
+        instructions="Be concise, reply with one sentence.",
+        llm="gpt-4o-mini",
+        tools=tools,
+        verbose=False
+    )
+    profiler.end_step()
+    
+    profiler.print_report("PraisonAI Agent")
+    
+    # Now profile the __init__ internals using cProfile
+    print("\n" + "="*70)
+    print("cProfile ANALYSIS: PraisonAI Agent.__init__")
+    print("="*70)
+    
+    pr = cProfile.Profile()
+    pr.enable()
+    
+    for _ in range(100):
+        agent = PraisonAgent(
+            name="Test Agent",
+            instructions="Be concise, reply with one sentence.",
+            llm="gpt-4o-mini",
+            tools=tools,
+            verbose=False
+        )
+    
+    pr.disable()
+    
+    # Print top 30 functions by cumulative time
+    s = io.StringIO()
+    ps = pstats.Stats(pr, stream=s).sort_stats('cumulative')
+    ps.print_stats(30)
+    print(s.getvalue())
+    
+    return agent
+
+
+# ============================================================================
+# Profile Agno Agent Initialization - Step by Step
+# ============================================================================
+
+def profile_agno_detailed():
+    """Profile each step of Agno Agent initialization"""
+    print("\n" + "="*70)
+    print("DETAILED PROFILING: Agno Agent")
+    print("="*70)
+    
+    profiler = StepProfiler()
+    
+    # Step 1: Import
+    profiler.start_step("1. Import agno")
+    from agno.agent import Agent as AgnoAgent
+    from agno.models.openai import OpenAIChat
+    profiler.end_step()
+    
+    # Step 2: Define tool
+    profiler.start_step("2. Define tool function")
+    def get_weather(city: Literal["nyc", "sf"]):
+        """Use this to get weather information."""
+        if city == "nyc":
+            return "It might be cloudy in nyc"
+        elif city == "sf":
+            return "It's always sunny in sf"
+    tools = [get_weather]
+    profiler.end_step()
+    
+    # Step 3: Full instantiation
+    profiler.start_step("3. Full Agent instantiation")
+    agent = AgnoAgent(model=OpenAIChat(id="gpt-4o-mini"), tools=tools)
+    profiler.end_step()
+    
+    profiler.print_report("Agno Agent")
+    
+    # Now profile the __init__ internals using cProfile
+    print("\n" + "="*70)
+    print("cProfile ANALYSIS: Agno Agent.__init__")
+    print("="*70)
+    
+    pr = cProfile.Profile()
+    pr.enable()
+    
+    for _ in range(100):
+        agent = AgnoAgent(model=OpenAIChat(id="gpt-4o-mini"), tools=tools)
+    
+    pr.disable()
+    
+    # Print top 30 functions by cumulative time
+    s = io.StringIO()
+    ps = pstats.Stats(pr, stream=s).sort_stats('cumulative')
+    ps.print_stats(30)
+    print(s.getvalue())
+    
+    return agent
+
+
+# ============================================================================
+# Profile Individual Components of PraisonAI
+# ============================================================================
+
+def profile_praisonai_components():
+    """Profile individual components of PraisonAI Agent initialization"""
+    print("\n" + "="*70)
+    print("COMPONENT-LEVEL PROFILING: PraisonAI Agent")
+    print("="*70)
+    
+    from praisonaiagents import Agent as PraisonAgent
+    
+    def get_weather(city: Literal["nyc", "sf"]):
+        if city == "nyc":
+            return "It might be cloudy in nyc"
+        elif city == "sf":
+            return "It's always sunny in sf"
+    tools = [get_weather]
+    
+    # Test different configurations
+    configs = [
+        ("Minimal (no tools, no llm)", {"name": "Test", "verbose": False}),
+        ("With name only", {"name": "Test Agent", "verbose": False}),
+        ("With instructions", {"name": "Test", "instructions": "Be concise", "verbose": False}),
+        ("With llm (gpt-4o-mini)", {"name": "Test", "llm": "gpt-4o-mini", "verbose": False}),
+        ("With llm (openai/gpt-4o-mini)", {"name": "Test", "llm": "openai/gpt-4o-mini", "verbose": False}),
+        ("With tools", {"name": "Test", "tools": tools, "verbose": False}),
+        ("Full config (OpenAI SDK)", {"name": "Test", "instructions": "Be concise", "llm": "gpt-4o-mini", "tools": tools, "verbose": False}),
+        ("Full config (LiteLLM)", {"name": "Test", "instructions": "Be concise", "llm": "openai/gpt-4o-mini", "tools": tools, "verbose": False}),
+    ]
+    
+    print(f"\n{'Configuration':<40} {'Avg Time (μs)':<15} {'Min (μs)':<15} {'Max (μs)':<15}")
+    print("-" * 85)
+    
+    for name, config in configs:
+        def create_agent():
+            return PraisonAgent(**config)
+        
+        stats = time_function(create_agent, iterations=100)
+        print(f"{name:<40} {stats['avg']:<15.2f} {stats['min']:<15.2f} {stats['max']:<15.2f}")
+
+
+# ============================================================================
+# Compare Specific Operations
+# ============================================================================
+
+def compare_specific_operations():
+    """Compare specific operations between PraisonAI and Agno"""
+    print("\n" + "="*70)
+    print("OPERATION COMPARISON: PraisonAI vs Agno")
+    print("="*70)
+    
+    from praisonaiagents import Agent as PraisonAgent
+    from agno.agent import Agent as AgnoAgent
+    from agno.models.openai import OpenAIChat
+    
+    def get_weather(city: Literal["nyc", "sf"]):
+        if city == "nyc":
+            return "It might be cloudy in nyc"
+        elif city == "sf":
+            return "It's always sunny in sf"
+    tools = [get_weather]
+    
+    operations = []
+    
+    # Operation 1: Bare minimum instantiation
+    def praisonai_minimal():
+        return PraisonAgent(name="Test", verbose=False)
+    
+    def agno_minimal():
+        return AgnoAgent(model=OpenAIChat(id="gpt-4o-mini"))
+    
+    praison_stats = time_function(praisonai_minimal, 100)
+    agno_stats = time_function(agno_minimal, 100)
+    operations.append(("Minimal instantiation", praison_stats['avg'], agno_stats['avg']))
+    
+    # Operation 2: With tools
+    def praisonai_with_tools():
+        return PraisonAgent(name="Test", tools=tools, verbose=False)
+    
+    def agno_with_tools():
+        return AgnoAgent(model=OpenAIChat(id="gpt-4o-mini"), tools=tools)
+    
+    praison_stats = time_function(praisonai_with_tools, 100)
+    agno_stats = time_function(agno_with_tools, 100)
+    operations.append(("With tools", praison_stats['avg'], agno_stats['avg']))
+    
+    # Operation 3: Full config
+    def praisonai_full():
+        return PraisonAgent(
+            name="Test Agent",
+            instructions="Be concise",
+            llm="gpt-4o-mini",
+            tools=tools,
+            verbose=False
+        )
+    
+    def agno_full():
+        return AgnoAgent(
+            model=OpenAIChat(id="gpt-4o-mini"),
+            tools=tools,
+            instructions=["Be concise"]
+        )
+    
+    praison_stats = time_function(praisonai_full, 100)
+    agno_stats = time_function(agno_full, 100)
+    operations.append(("Full config", praison_stats['avg'], agno_stats['avg']))
+    
+    print(f"\n{'Operation':<30} {'PraisonAI (μs)':<18} {'Agno (μs)':<18} {'Ratio':<10}")
+    print("-" * 76)
+    
+    for op_name, praison_time, agno_time in operations:
+        ratio = praison_time / agno_time if agno_time > 0 else 0
+        print(f"{op_name:<30} {praison_time:<18.2f} {agno_time:<18.2f} {ratio:<10.1f}x")
+
+
+# ============================================================================
+# Main
+# ============================================================================
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    import os
+    os.environ.setdefault("OPENAI_API_KEY", "sk-test")
+    
+    print("="*70)
+    print("PraisonAI Agents - Deep Profiling Benchmark")
+    print("="*70)
+    print("\nThis analysis identifies performance bottlenecks in agent initialization.\n")
+    
+    # Run all profiling
+    profile_praisonai_detailed()
+    profile_agno_detailed()
+    profile_praisonai_components()
+    compare_specific_operations()
+    
+    print("\n" + "="*70)
+    print("PROFILING COMPLETE")
+    print("="*70)

src/praisonai-agents/benchmarks/execution_benchmark.py

@@ -0,0 +1,296 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+"""
+PraisonAI Agents - Real Execution Benchmark
+
+Benchmarks ACTUAL agent execution with LLM API calls.
+Tests single agent running a simple task across frameworks.
+
+Usage:
+    export OPENAI_API_KEY=your_key
+    python benchmarks/execution_benchmark.py
+    python benchmarks/execution_benchmark.py --no-save
+    python benchmarks/execution_benchmark.py --iterations 5
+    python benchmarks/execution_benchmark.py --model gpt-4o --iterations 10
+"""
+
+import time
+import os
+import argparse
+from importlib.metadata import version as get_version
+
+# Defaults (can be overridden via CLI)
+DEFAULT_MODEL = "gpt-4o-mini"
+DEFAULT_ITERATIONS = 3
+DEFAULT_PROMPT = "What is 2+2? Reply with just the number."
+
+
+def get_package_versions():
+    """Get version numbers for benchmarked packages."""
+    packages = {
+        'PraisonAI': 'praisonaiagents',
+        'Agno': 'agno',
+        'CrewAI': 'crewai',
+    }
+    versions = {}
+    for name, pkg in packages.items():
+        try:
+            versions[name] = get_version(pkg)
+        except:
+            versions[name] = 'not installed'
+    return versions
+
+
+def benchmark_praisonai(model, iterations, prompt):
+    """Benchmark PraisonAI agent execution using agent.start()"""
+    from praisonaiagents import Agent
+    
+    print("\n--- PraisonAI ---")
+    print("Method: agent.start()")
+    
+    times = []
+    for i in range(iterations):
+        agent = Agent(
+            name="Calculator",
+            instructions="You are a helpful assistant. Be very brief.",
+            llm=model,
+            verbose=False
+        )
+        
+        start = time.perf_counter()
+        response = agent.start(prompt)
+        elapsed = time.perf_counter() - start
+        
+        times.append(elapsed)
+        print(f"  Run {i+1}: {elapsed:.2f}s - Response: {str(response)[:50]}")
+    
+    avg = sum(times) / len(times)
+    print(f"  Average: {avg:.2f}s")
+    return avg
+
+
+def benchmark_praisonai_litellm(model, iterations, prompt):
+    """Benchmark PraisonAI with LiteLLM backend using agent.start()"""
+    from praisonaiagents import Agent
+    
+    print("\n--- PraisonAI (LiteLLM) ---")
+    print("Method: agent.start()")
+    
+    times = []
+    for i in range(iterations):
+        agent = Agent(
+            name="Calculator",
+            instructions="You are a helpful assistant. Be very brief.",
+            llm=f"openai/{model}",
+            verbose=False
+        )
+        
+        start = time.perf_counter()
+        response = agent.start(prompt)
+        elapsed = time.perf_counter() - start
+        
+        times.append(elapsed)
+        print(f"  Run {i+1}: {elapsed:.2f}s - Response: {str(response)[:50]}")
+    
+    avg = sum(times) / len(times)
+    print(f"  Average: {avg:.2f}s")
+    return avg
+
+
+def benchmark_agno(model, iterations, prompt):
+    """Benchmark Agno agent execution using agent.run()"""
+    from agno.agent import Agent
+    from agno.models.openai import OpenAIChat
+    
+    print("\n--- Agno ---")
+    print("Method: agent.run()")
+    
+    times = []
+    for i in range(iterations):
+        agent = Agent(
+            model=OpenAIChat(id=model),
+            instructions=["You are a helpful assistant. Be very brief."],
+        )
+        
+        start = time.perf_counter()
+        response = agent.run(prompt)
+        elapsed = time.perf_counter() - start
+        
+        times.append(elapsed)
+        # Extract content from response
+        content = str(response.content)[:50] if hasattr(response, 'content') else str(response)[:50]
+        print(f"  Run {i+1}: {elapsed:.2f}s - Response: {content}")
+    
+    avg = sum(times) / len(times)
+    print(f"  Average: {avg:.2f}s")
+    return avg
+
+
+def benchmark_crewai(model, iterations, prompt):
+    """Benchmark CrewAI agent execution using crew.kickoff()"""
+    from crewai import Agent, Task, Crew
+    
+    print("\n--- CrewAI ---")
+    print("Method: crew.kickoff()")
+    
+    times = []
+    for i in range(iterations):
+        agent = Agent(
+            role="Calculator",
+            goal="Answer math questions",
+            backstory="You are a helpful assistant.",
+            llm=model,
+            verbose=False
+        )
+        
+        task = Task(
+            description=prompt,
+            expected_output="A number",
+            agent=agent
+        )
+        
+        crew = Crew(
+            agents=[agent],
+            tasks=[task],
+            verbose=False
+        )
+        
+        start = time.perf_counter()
+        response = crew.kickoff()
+        elapsed = time.perf_counter() - start
+        
+        times.append(elapsed)
+        print(f"  Run {i+1}: {elapsed:.2f}s - Response: {str(response)[:50]}")
+    
+    avg = sum(times) / len(times)
+    print(f"  Average: {avg:.2f}s")
+    return avg
+
+
+def save_results(results: dict, model: str, iterations: int, prompt: str):
+    """Save results to markdown file."""
+    import os
+    from datetime import datetime
+    
+    filepath = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), 'EXECUTION_BENCHMARK_RESULTS.md')
+    versions = get_package_versions()
+    
+    # Sort by time
+    sorted_results = sorted(results.items(), key=lambda x: x[1])
+    fastest = sorted_results[0][1]
+    
+    with open(filepath, 'w') as f:
+        f.write('# PraisonAI Agents - Real Execution Benchmark\n\n')
+        f.write(f'**Generated:** {datetime.now().strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")}\n')
+        f.write(f'**Model:** {model}\n')
+        f.write(f'**Iterations:** {iterations}\n')
+        f.write(f'**Prompt:** "{prompt}"\n\n')
+        f.write('## Results\n\n')
+        f.write('| Framework | Method | Avg Time | Relative |\n')
+        f.write('|-----------|--------|----------|----------|\n')
+        
+        methods = {
+            'PraisonAI': 'agent.start()',
+            'PraisonAI (LiteLLM)': 'agent.start()',
+            'Agno': 'agent.run()',
+            'CrewAI': 'crew.kickoff()',
+        }
+        
+        for name, avg in sorted_results:
+            ratio = avg / fastest
+            method = methods.get(name, 'unknown')
+            if ratio == 1.0:
+                f.write(f'| **{name}** | `{method}` | **{avg:.2f}s** | **1.00x (fastest)** |\n')
+            else:
+                f.write(f'| {name} | `{method}` | {avg:.2f}s | {ratio:.2f}x |\n')
+        
+        f.write('\n## Package Versions\n\n')
+        f.write('| Package | Version |\n')
+        f.write('|---------|--------|\n')
+        for pkg, ver in versions.items():
+            f.write(f'| {pkg} | {ver} |\n')
+        
+        f.write('\n## How to Reproduce\n\n')
+        f.write('```bash\n')
+        f.write('export OPENAI_API_KEY=your_key\n')
+        f.write('cd praisonai-agents\n')
+        f.write('python benchmarks/execution_benchmark.py\n')
+        f.write('```\n')
+    
+    print(f'\nResults saved to: {filepath}')
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description='PraisonAI Agents - Real Execution Benchmark')
+    parser.add_argument('--no-save', action='store_true', help='Do not save results to file')
+    parser.add_argument('--model', '-m', type=str, default=DEFAULT_MODEL, help=f'Model to use (default: {DEFAULT_MODEL})')
+    parser.add_argument('--iterations', '-i', type=int, default=DEFAULT_ITERATIONS, help=f'Number of iterations (default: {DEFAULT_ITERATIONS})')
+    parser.add_argument('--prompt', '-p', type=str, default=DEFAULT_PROMPT, help=f'Prompt to use (default: "{DEFAULT_PROMPT}")')
+    args = parser.parse_args()
+    
+    # Check API key
+    if not os.environ.get('OPENAI_API_KEY'):
+        print("ERROR: Set OPENAI_API_KEY environment variable")
+        exit(1)
+    
+    model = args.model
+    iterations = args.iterations
+    prompt = args.prompt
+    
+    print('=' * 60)
+    print('PraisonAI Agents - Real Execution Benchmark')
+    print('=' * 60)
+    print(f'\nModel: {model}')
+    print(f'Iterations: {iterations}')
+    print(f'Prompt: "{prompt}"')
+    
+    versions = get_package_versions()
+    print('\nPackage versions:')
+    for pkg, ver in versions.items():
+        print(f'  {pkg}: {ver}')
+    
+    results = {}
+    
+    # Run benchmarks
+    try:
+        results['PraisonAI'] = benchmark_praisonai(model, iterations, prompt)
+    except Exception as e:
+        print(f"PraisonAI error: {e}")
+    
+    try:
+        results['PraisonAI (LiteLLM)'] = benchmark_praisonai_litellm(model, iterations, prompt)
+    except Exception as e:
+        print(f"PraisonAI (LiteLLM) error: {e}")
+    
+    try:
+        results['Agno'] = benchmark_agno(model, iterations, prompt)
+    except Exception as e:
+        print(f"Agno error: {e}")
+    
+    try:
+        results['CrewAI'] = benchmark_crewai(model, iterations, prompt)
+    except Exception as e:
+        print(f"CrewAI error: {e}")
+    
+    # Summary
+    print('\n' + '=' * 60)
+    print('SUMMARY')
+    print('=' * 60)
+    
+    if results:
+        sorted_results = sorted(results.items(), key=lambda x: x[1])
+        fastest = sorted_results[0][1]
+        
+        print(f"\n{'Framework':<25} {'Avg Time':<12} {'Relative':<10}")
+        print('-' * 47)
+        
+        for name, avg in sorted_results:
+            ratio = avg / fastest
+            print(f'{name:<25} {avg:<12.2f}s {ratio:.2f}x')
+    
+    print('\n' + '=' * 60)
+    
+    # Save results (unless --no-save)
+    if results and not args.no_save:
+        save_results(results, model, iterations, prompt)
+    elif args.no_save:
+        print('\nResults not saved (--no-save flag used)')

src/praisonai-agents/benchmarks/performance_benchmark.py

@@ -0,0 +1,523 @@
+"""
+PraisonAI Agents - Comprehensive Performance Benchmark
+
+Measures agent instantiation time and memory footprint across
+multiple AI agent frameworks using industry-standard methodology.
+
+Usage:
+    python benchmarks/performance_benchmark.py
+"""
+
+import gc
+import time
+import tracemalloc
+import statistics
+from typing import Literal, List, Callable
+from dataclasses import dataclass, field
+
+
+@dataclass
+class PerformanceResult:
+    """Performance measurement results"""
+    run_times: List[float] = field(default_factory=list)
+    memory_usages: List[float] = field(default_factory=list)
+    
+    @property
+    def avg_run_time(self) -> float:
+        return statistics.mean(self.run_times) if self.run_times else 0
+    
+    @property
+    def avg_memory_usage(self) -> float:
+        return statistics.mean(self.memory_usages) if self.memory_usages else 0
+    
+    @property
+    def min_run_time(self) -> float:
+        return min(self.run_times) if self.run_times else 0
+    
+    @property
+    def max_run_time(self) -> float:
+        return max(self.run_times) if self.run_times else 0
+    
+    @property
+    def std_dev_run_time(self) -> float:
+        return statistics.stdev(self.run_times) if len(self.run_times) > 1 else 0
+    
+    @property
+    def median_run_time(self) -> float:
+        return statistics.median(self.run_times) if self.run_times else 0
+
+
+def compute_tracemalloc_baseline(samples: int = 3) -> float:
+    """Compute baseline memory usage for tracemalloc"""
+    def empty_func():
+        return
+    
+    results = []
+    for _ in range(samples):
+        gc.collect()
+        tracemalloc.start()
+        empty_func()
+        _, peak = tracemalloc.get_traced_memory()
+        tracemalloc.stop()
+        results.append(peak / 1024 / 1024)  # Convert to MiB
+    
+    return sum(results) / len(results) if results else 0
+
+
+def measure_time(func: Callable, iterations: int = 1000, warmup: int = 10) -> List[float]:
+    """Measure execution time for a function"""
+    # Warmup runs
+    for _ in range(warmup):
+        func()
+    
+    # Measured runs
+    times = []
+    for _ in range(iterations):
+        start = time.perf_counter()
+        func()
+        end = time.perf_counter()
+        times.append(end - start)
+    
+    return times
+
+
+def measure_memory(func: Callable, iterations: int = 1000, warmup: int = 10) -> List[float]:
+    """Measure memory usage for a function"""
+    baseline = compute_tracemalloc_baseline()
+    
+    # Warmup runs
+    for _ in range(warmup):
+        func()
+    
+    # Measured runs
+    memory_usages = []
+    for _ in range(iterations):
+        gc.collect()
+        tracemalloc.start()
+        func()
+        _, peak = tracemalloc.get_traced_memory()
+        tracemalloc.stop()
+        
+        peak_mib = peak / 1024 / 1024
+        adjusted = max(0, peak_mib - baseline)
+        memory_usages.append(adjusted)
+    
+    return memory_usages
+
+
+def run_benchmark(func: Callable, name: str, iterations: int = 1000, warmup: int = 10) -> PerformanceResult:
+    """Run full benchmark for a function"""
+    print(f"\n{'='*60}")
+    print(f"Benchmarking: {name}")
+    print(f"{'='*60}")
+    print(f"Warmup runs: {warmup}")
+    print(f"Measured iterations: {iterations}")
+    
+    print("\nMeasuring runtime...")
+    run_times = measure_time(func, iterations, warmup)
+    
+    print("Measuring memory...")
+    memory_usages = measure_memory(func, iterations, warmup)
+    
+    result = PerformanceResult(run_times=run_times, memory_usages=memory_usages)
+    
+    print(f"\nResults for {name}:")
+    print(f"  Average Time: {result.avg_run_time:.6f} seconds ({result.avg_run_time * 1_000_000:.2f} μs)")
+    print(f"  Min Time:     {result.min_run_time:.6f} seconds")
+    print(f"  Max Time:     {result.max_run_time:.6f} seconds")
+    print(f"  Std Dev:      {result.std_dev_run_time:.6f} seconds")
+    print(f"  Median Time:  {result.median_run_time:.6f} seconds")
+    print(f"  Avg Memory:   {result.avg_memory_usage:.6f} MiB ({result.avg_memory_usage * 1024:.2f} KiB)")
+    
+    return result
+
+
+# ============================================================================
+# Framework Imports
+# ============================================================================
+from praisonaiagents import Agent as PraisonAgent
+from agno.agent import Agent as AgnoAgent
+from agno.models.openai import OpenAIChat
+
+# Additional frameworks for comparison
+try:
+    from pydantic_ai import Agent as PydanticAgent
+    PYDANTIC_AVAILABLE = True
+except ImportError:
+    PYDANTIC_AVAILABLE = False
+
+try:
+    from crewai.agent import Agent as CrewAgent
+    from crewai.tools import tool as crewai_tool
+    CREWAI_AVAILABLE = True
+except ImportError:
+    CREWAI_AVAILABLE = False
+
+try:
+    from langchain_core.tools import tool as langchain_tool
+    from langchain_openai import ChatOpenAI
+    from langgraph.prebuilt import create_react_agent
+    LANGGRAPH_AVAILABLE = True
+except ImportError:
+    LANGGRAPH_AVAILABLE = False
+
+try:
+    from agents import Agent as OpenAIAgent, function_tool
+    OPENAI_AGENTS_AVAILABLE = True
+except ImportError:
+    OPENAI_AGENTS_AVAILABLE = False
+
+
+def get_weather(city: Literal["nyc", "sf"]):
+    """Use this to get weather information."""
+    if city == "nyc":
+        return "It might be cloudy in nyc"
+    elif city == "sf":
+        return "It's always sunny in sf"
+
+
+tools = [get_weather]
+
+
+def instantiate_praisonai_agent():
+    """Instantiate a PraisonAI agent with one tool."""
+    return PraisonAgent(
+        name="Test Agent",
+        instructions="Be concise, reply with one sentence.",
+        llm="gpt-4o-mini",
+        tools=tools,
+        verbose=False
+    )
+
+
+def instantiate_praisonai_litellm_agent():
+    """Instantiate a PraisonAI agent with LiteLLM backend."""
+    return PraisonAgent(
+        name="Test Agent",
+        instructions="Be concise, reply with one sentence.",
+        llm="openai/gpt-4o-mini",
+        tools=tools,
+        verbose=False
+    )
+
+
+def instantiate_agno_agent():
+    """Instantiate an Agno agent with one tool."""
+    return AgnoAgent(model=OpenAIChat(id="gpt-4o-mini"), tools=tools)
+
+
+def instantiate_pydantic_agent():
+    """Instantiate a PydanticAI agent with one tool."""
+    agent = PydanticAgent("openai:gpt-4o-mini", system_prompt="Be concise, reply with one sentence.")
+    @agent.tool_plain
+    def get_weather_pydantic(city: Literal["nyc", "sf"]):
+        """Use this to get weather information."""
+        if city == "nyc":
+            return "It might be cloudy in nyc"
+        elif city == "sf":
+            return "It's always sunny in sf"
+    return agent
+
+
+def instantiate_openai_agents():
+    """Instantiate an OpenAI Agents SDK agent with one tool."""
+    return OpenAIAgent(
+        name="Test agent",
+        instructions="Be concise, reply with one sentence.",
+        model="gpt-4o-mini",
+        tools=[function_tool(get_weather)],
+    )
+
+
+def instantiate_langgraph_agent():
+    """Instantiate a LangGraph agent with one tool."""
+    @langchain_tool
+    def get_weather_lg(city: Literal["nyc", "sf"]):
+        """Use this to get weather information."""
+        if city == "nyc":
+            return "It might be cloudy in nyc"
+        elif city == "sf":
+            return "It's always sunny in sf"
+    return create_react_agent(model=ChatOpenAI(model="gpt-4o-mini"), tools=[get_weather_lg])
+
+
+def instantiate_crewai_agent():
+    """Instantiate a CrewAI agent with one tool."""
+    @crewai_tool("Weather Tool")
+    def get_weather_crew(city: Literal["nyc", "sf"]):
+        """Use this to get weather information."""
+        if city == "nyc":
+            return "It might be cloudy in nyc"
+        elif city == "sf":
+            return "It's always sunny in sf"
+    return CrewAgent(
+        llm="gpt-4o-mini",
+        role="Test Agent",
+        goal="Be concise, reply with one sentence.",
+        tools=[get_weather_crew],
+        backstory="Test",
+    )
+
+
+def get_package_versions():
+    """Get version numbers for all benchmarked packages."""
+    from importlib.metadata import version as get_version
+    
+    packages = {
+        'PraisonAI': 'praisonaiagents',
+        'Agno': 'agno',
+        'PydanticAI': 'pydantic-ai',
+        'OpenAI Agents SDK': 'openai-agents',
+        'LangGraph': 'langgraph',
+        'CrewAI': 'crewai'
+    }
+    
+    versions = {}
+    for display_name, pkg_name in packages.items():
+        try:
+            versions[display_name] = get_version(pkg_name)
+        except Exception:
+            versions[display_name] = 'not installed'
+    
+    return versions
+
+
+def save_benchmark_results(results: dict, baseline):
+    """Save benchmark results to BENCHMARK_RESULTS.md and update README.md"""
+    import os
+    import re
+    from datetime import datetime
+    
+    benchmarks_dir = os.path.dirname(__file__)
+    filepath = os.path.join(benchmarks_dir, 'BENCHMARK_RESULTS.md')
+    
+    # Get package versions
+    versions = get_package_versions()
+    
+    display_names = {
+        'agno': 'Agno',
+        'praisonai': 'PraisonAI',
+        'praisonai_litellm': 'PraisonAI (LiteLLM)',
+        'pydantic': 'PydanticAI',
+        'openai_agents': 'OpenAI Agents SDK',
+        'langgraph': 'LangGraph',
+        'crewai': 'CrewAI'
+    }
+    
+    # Build table rows
+    table_rows = []
+    sorted_results = sorted(results.items(), key=lambda x: x[1].avg_run_time)
+    
+    for name, result in sorted_results:
+        display_name = display_names.get(name, name)
+        avg_us = result.avg_run_time * 1e6
+        ratio = result.avg_run_time / baseline.avg_run_time if baseline.avg_run_time > 0 else 0
+        
+        if name == 'praisonai':
+            table_rows.append(f'| **{display_name}** | **{avg_us:.2f}** | **1.00x (fastest)** |')
+        else:
+            avg_str = f'{avg_us:,.2f}' if avg_us >= 1000 else f'{avg_us:.2f}'
+            ratio_str = f'{ratio:,.0f}x' if ratio >= 100 else f'{ratio:.2f}x'
+            table_rows.append(f'| {display_name} | {avg_str} | {ratio_str} |')
+    
+    # Save to BENCHMARK_RESULTS.md
+    with open(filepath, 'w') as f:
+        f.write('# PraisonAI Agents - Benchmark Results\n\n')
+        f.write(f'**Generated:** {datetime.now().strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")}\n')
+        f.write('**Methodology:** 10 warmup runs + 1000 measured iterations\n\n')
+        f.write('## Agent Instantiation Time\n\n')
+        f.write('| Framework | Avg Time (μs) | Relative |\n')
+        f.write('|-----------|---------------|----------|\n')
+        f.write('\n'.join(table_rows) + '\n')
+        f.write('\n## Package Versions\n\n')
+        f.write('| Package | Version |\n')
+        f.write('|---------|--------|\n')
+        for pkg, ver in versions.items():
+            f.write(f'| {pkg} | {ver} |\n')
+        f.write('\n## How to Reproduce\n\n')
+        f.write('```bash\n')
+        f.write('cd praisonai-agents\n')
+        f.write('python benchmarks/performance_benchmark.py\n')
+        f.write('```\n')
+    
+    print(f'\nResults saved to: {filepath}')
+    
+    # Update README.md
+    readme_path = os.path.join(benchmarks_dir, '..', '..', '..', 'README.md')
+    if os.path.exists(readme_path):
+        with open(readme_path, 'r') as f:
+            content = f.read()
+        
+        new_table = '''| Framework | Avg Time (μs) | Relative |
+|-----------|---------------|----------|
+''' + '\n'.join(table_rows)
+        
+        pattern = r'(\| Framework \| Avg Time \(μs\) \| Relative \|\n\|[-|]+\|\n)(\|[^\n]+\|\n)+'
+        
+        if re.search(pattern, content):
+            content = re.sub(pattern, new_table + '\n', content)
+            
+            with open(readme_path, 'w') as f:
+                f.write(content)
+            
+            print(f'README.md updated: {readme_path}')
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    print("="*70)
+    print("PraisonAI Agents - Comprehensive Performance Benchmark")
+    print("="*70)
+    print("\nThis benchmark measures:")
+    print("  1. Agent instantiation time (how fast an agent object is created)")
+    print("  2. Memory footprint (how much memory an agent uses)")
+    print("\nMethodology:")
+    print("  - 10 warmup runs (not measured)")
+    print("  - 1000 measured iterations")
+    print("  - tracemalloc for memory measurement")
+    print("  - Baseline subtraction for accuracy")
+    print("\nFrameworks available:")
+    print("  - PraisonAI: ✅")
+    print(f"  - Agno: ✅")
+    print(f"  - PydanticAI: {'✅' if PYDANTIC_AVAILABLE else '❌'}")
+    print(f"  - OpenAI Agents SDK: {'✅' if OPENAI_AGENTS_AVAILABLE else '❌'}")
+    print(f"  - LangGraph: {'✅' if LANGGRAPH_AVAILABLE else '❌'}")
+    print(f"  - CrewAI: {'✅' if CREWAI_AVAILABLE else '❌'}")
+    
+    results = {}
+    
+    # Test PraisonAI first
+    try:
+        print("\n" + "="*70)
+        print("Testing PraisonAI Agents")
+        print("="*70)
+        results['praisonai'] = run_benchmark(
+            instantiate_praisonai_agent,
+            "PraisonAI",
+            iterations=1000,
+            warmup=10
+        )
+    except Exception as e:
+        print(f"Error testing PraisonAI: {e}")
+    
+    try:
+        print("\n" + "="*70)
+        print("Testing PraisonAI Agents (LiteLLM)")
+        print("="*70)
+        results['praisonai_litellm'] = run_benchmark(
+            instantiate_praisonai_litellm_agent,
+            "PraisonAI (LiteLLM)",
+            iterations=1000,
+            warmup=10
+        )
+    except Exception as e:
+        print(f"Error testing PraisonAI (LiteLLM): {e}")
+    
+    # Test Agno
+    try:
+        print("\n" + "="*70)
+        print("Testing Agno")
+        print("="*70)
+        results['agno'] = run_benchmark(
+            instantiate_agno_agent,
+            "Agno",
+            iterations=1000,
+            warmup=10
+        )
+    except Exception as e:
+        print(f"Error testing Agno: {e}")
+    
+    # Test PydanticAI
+    if PYDANTIC_AVAILABLE:
+        try:
+            print("\n" + "="*70)
+            print("Testing PydanticAI")
+            print("="*70)
+            results['pydantic'] = run_benchmark(
+                instantiate_pydantic_agent,
+                "PydanticAI Agent Instantiation",
+                iterations=1000,
+                warmup=10
+            )
+        except Exception as e:
+            print(f"Error testing PydanticAI: {e}")
+    
+    # Test OpenAI Agents SDK
+    if OPENAI_AGENTS_AVAILABLE:
+        try:
+            print("\n" + "="*70)
+            print("Testing OpenAI Agents SDK")
+            print("="*70)
+            results['openai_agents'] = run_benchmark(
+                instantiate_openai_agents,
+                "OpenAI Agents SDK Instantiation",
+                iterations=1000,
+                warmup=10
+            )
+        except Exception as e:
+            print(f"Error testing OpenAI Agents SDK: {e}")
+    
+    # Test LangGraph
+    if LANGGRAPH_AVAILABLE:
+        try:
+            print("\n" + "="*70)
+            print("Testing LangGraph")
+            print("="*70)
+            results['langgraph'] = run_benchmark(
+                instantiate_langgraph_agent,
+                "LangGraph Agent Instantiation",
+                iterations=1000,
+                warmup=10
+            )
+        except Exception as e:
+            print(f"Error testing LangGraph: {e}")
+    
+    # Test CrewAI
+    if CREWAI_AVAILABLE:
+        try:
+            print("\n" + "="*70)
+            print("Testing CrewAI")
+            print("="*70)
+            results['crewai'] = run_benchmark(
+                instantiate_crewai_agent,
+                "CrewAI Agent Instantiation",
+                iterations=1000,
+                warmup=10
+            )
+        except Exception as e:
+            print(f"Error testing CrewAI: {e}")
+    
+    # Final Comparison Table
+    print("\n" + "="*70)
+    print("RESULTS SUMMARY")
+    print("="*70)
+    
+    if 'praisonai' in results:
+        baseline = results['praisonai']
+        
+        print(f"\n{'Framework':<25} {'Avg Time (μs)':<15} {'Avg Memory (KiB)':<18} {'Relative':<15}")
+        print("-" * 73)
+        
+        # Sort by time
+        sorted_results = sorted(results.items(), key=lambda x: x[1].avg_run_time)
+        
+        for name, result in sorted_results:
+            time_ratio = result.avg_run_time / baseline.avg_run_time if baseline.avg_run_time > 0 else 0
+            
+            time_str = f"{time_ratio:.2f}x"
+            
+            display_name = {
+                'agno': 'Agno',
+                'praisonai': 'PraisonAI',
+                'praisonai_litellm': 'PraisonAI (LiteLLM)',
+                'pydantic': 'PydanticAI',
+                'openai_agents': 'OpenAI Agents SDK',
+                'langgraph': 'LangGraph',
+                'crewai': 'CrewAI'
+            }.get(name, name)
+            
+            print(f"{display_name:<25} {result.avg_run_time*1e6:<15.2f} {result.avg_memory_usage*1024:<18.2f} {time_str:<15}")
+        
+        print("\n" + "="*70)
+        
+        # Save results to files
+        save_benchmark_results(results, baseline)

src/praisonai-agents/benchmarks/real_benchmark.py

@@ -0,0 +1,481 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+"""
+PraisonAI Agents - Real-World Execution Benchmark
+
+Benchmarks actual agent execution with LLM calls across frameworks.
+Tests single agent, 2-agent, and 3-agent workflows.
+
+Usage:
+    python benchmarks/real_benchmark.py
+"""
+
+import time
+import statistics
+import os
+from typing import Literal, List
+from dataclasses import dataclass, field
+from importlib.metadata import version as get_version
+
+# Ensure API key is set
+if not os.environ.get('OPENAI_API_KEY'):
+    print("ERROR: OPENAI_API_KEY environment variable not set")
+    exit(1)
+
+
+@dataclass
+class ExecutionResult:
+    """Execution benchmark results"""
+    times: List[float] = field(default_factory=list)
+    
+    @property
+    def avg_time(self) -> float:
+        return statistics.mean(self.times) if self.times else 0
+    
+    @property
+    def min_time(self) -> float:
+        return min(self.times) if self.times else 0
+    
+    @property
+    def max_time(self) -> float:
+        return max(self.times) if self.times else 0
+    
+    @property
+    def std_dev(self) -> float:
+        return statistics.stdev(self.times) if len(self.times) > 1 else 0
+
+
+def get_package_versions():
+    """Get version numbers for benchmarked packages."""
+    packages = {
+        'PraisonAI': 'praisonaiagents',
+        'Agno': 'agno',
+    }
+    versions = {}
+    for display_name, pkg_name in packages.items():
+        try:
+            versions[display_name] = get_version(pkg_name)
+        except Exception:
+            versions[display_name] = 'not installed'
+    return versions
+
+
+# ============================================================================
+# Tool Definitions
+# ============================================================================
+
+def get_weather(city: Literal["nyc", "sf"]) -> str:
+    """Get weather information for a city."""
+    if city == "nyc":
+        return "New York: Cloudy, 45°F, 60% humidity"
+    return "San Francisco: Sunny, 72°F, 40% humidity"
+
+
+def get_time(timezone: Literal["est", "pst"]) -> str:
+    """Get current time in a timezone."""
+    if timezone == "est":
+        return "Eastern Time: 2:30 PM"
+    return "Pacific Time: 11:30 AM"
+
+
+def calculate(expression: str) -> str:
+    """Calculate a math expression."""
+    try:
+        result = eval(expression)
+        return f"Result: {result}"
+    except Exception:
+        return "Error: Invalid expression"
+
+
+# ============================================================================
+# PraisonAI Benchmarks
+# ============================================================================
+
+def benchmark_praisonai_single(iterations: int = 3) -> ExecutionResult:
+    """Benchmark single PraisonAI agent execution."""
+    from praisonaiagents import Agent
+    
+    result = ExecutionResult()
+    
+    for i in range(iterations):
+        print(f"  PraisonAI single agent iteration {i+1}/{iterations}...")
+        
+        agent = Agent(
+            name="Assistant",
+            instructions="You are a helpful assistant. Be very brief.",
+            llm="gpt-4o-mini",
+            tools=[get_weather],
+            verbose=False
+        )
+        
+        start = time.perf_counter()
+        response = agent.start("What's the weather in NYC? Reply in one sentence.")
+        elapsed = time.perf_counter() - start
+        
+        result.times.append(elapsed)
+        print(f"    Time: {elapsed:.2f}s")
+    
+    return result
+
+
+def benchmark_praisonai_two_agents(iterations: int = 3) -> ExecutionResult:
+    """Benchmark 2 PraisonAI agents working together."""
+    from praisonaiagents import Agent, PraisonAIAgents
+    
+    result = ExecutionResult()
+    
+    for i in range(iterations):
+        print(f"  PraisonAI 2-agent iteration {i+1}/{iterations}...")
+        
+        researcher = Agent(
+            name="Researcher",
+            role="Research Assistant",
+            goal="Gather weather information",
+            instructions="Get weather data and pass to reporter. Be brief.",
+            llm="gpt-4o-mini",
+            tools=[get_weather],
+            verbose=False
+        )
+        
+        reporter = Agent(
+            name="Reporter",
+            role="News Reporter",
+            goal="Create weather report",
+            instructions="Create a one-sentence weather summary.",
+            llm="gpt-4o-mini",
+            verbose=False
+        )
+        
+        agents = PraisonAIAgents(
+            agents=[researcher, reporter],
+            process="sequential",
+            verbose=False
+        )
+        
+        start = time.perf_counter()
+        response = agents.start("Get NYC weather and create a brief report.")
+        elapsed = time.perf_counter() - start
+        
+        result.times.append(elapsed)
+        print(f"    Time: {elapsed:.2f}s")
+    
+    return result
+
+
+def benchmark_praisonai_three_agents(iterations: int = 3) -> ExecutionResult:
+    """Benchmark 3 PraisonAI agents working together."""
+    from praisonaiagents import Agent, PraisonAIAgents
+    
+    result = ExecutionResult()
+    
+    for i in range(iterations):
+        print(f"  PraisonAI 3-agent iteration {i+1}/{iterations}...")
+        
+        weather_agent = Agent(
+            name="WeatherAgent",
+            role="Weather Specialist",
+            goal="Get weather data",
+            instructions="Fetch weather information. Be brief.",
+            llm="gpt-4o-mini",
+            tools=[get_weather],
+            verbose=False
+        )
+        
+        time_agent = Agent(
+            name="TimeAgent",
+            role="Time Specialist",
+            goal="Get time information",
+            instructions="Fetch timezone information. Be brief.",
+            llm="gpt-4o-mini",
+            tools=[get_time],
+            verbose=False
+        )
+        
+        summarizer = Agent(
+            name="Summarizer",
+            role="Summary Writer",
+            goal="Combine information",
+            instructions="Create a one-sentence summary combining weather and time.",
+            llm="gpt-4o-mini",
+            verbose=False
+        )
+        
+        agents = PraisonAIAgents(
+            agents=[weather_agent, time_agent, summarizer],
+            process="sequential",
+            verbose=False
+        )
+        
+        start = time.perf_counter()
+        response = agents.start("Get NYC weather and EST time, then summarize.")
+        elapsed = time.perf_counter() - start
+        
+        result.times.append(elapsed)
+        print(f"    Time: {elapsed:.2f}s")
+    
+    return result
+
+
+# ============================================================================
+# Agno Benchmarks
+# ============================================================================
+
+def benchmark_agno_single(iterations: int = 3) -> ExecutionResult:
+    """Benchmark single Agno agent execution."""
+    from agno.agent import Agent
+    from agno.models.openai import OpenAIChat
+    
+    result = ExecutionResult()
+    
+    for i in range(iterations):
+        print(f"  Agno single agent iteration {i+1}/{iterations}...")
+        
+        agent = Agent(
+            model=OpenAIChat(id="gpt-4o-mini"),
+            instructions=["You are a helpful assistant. Be very brief."],
+            tools=[get_weather],
+        )
+        
+        start = time.perf_counter()
+        response = agent.run("What's the weather in NYC? Reply in one sentence.")
+        elapsed = time.perf_counter() - start
+        
+        result.times.append(elapsed)
+        print(f"    Time: {elapsed:.2f}s")
+    
+    return result
+
+
+def benchmark_agno_two_agents(iterations: int = 3) -> ExecutionResult:
+    """Benchmark 2 Agno agents working together (using Team)."""
+    from agno.agent import Agent
+    from agno.models.openai import OpenAIChat
+    from agno.team import Team
+    
+    result = ExecutionResult()
+    
+    for i in range(iterations):
+        print(f"  Agno 2-agent iteration {i+1}/{iterations}...")
+        
+        researcher = Agent(
+            name="Researcher",
+            model=OpenAIChat(id="gpt-4o-mini"),
+            instructions=["Get weather data. Be brief."],
+            tools=[get_weather],
+        )
+        
+        reporter = Agent(
+            name="Reporter",
+            model=OpenAIChat(id="gpt-4o-mini"),
+            instructions=["Create a one-sentence weather summary."],
+        )
+        
+        team = Team(
+            members=[researcher, reporter],
+            model=OpenAIChat(id="gpt-4o-mini"),
+        )
+        
+        start = time.perf_counter()
+        response = team.run("Get NYC weather and create a brief report.")
+        elapsed = time.perf_counter() - start
+        
+        result.times.append(elapsed)
+        print(f"    Time: {elapsed:.2f}s")
+    
+    return result
+
+
+def benchmark_agno_three_agents(iterations: int = 3) -> ExecutionResult:
+    """Benchmark 3 Agno agents working together."""
+    from agno.agent import Agent
+    from agno.models.openai import OpenAIChat
+    from agno.team import Team
+    
+    result = ExecutionResult()
+    
+    for i in range(iterations):
+        print(f"  Agno 3-agent iteration {i+1}/{iterations}...")
+        
+        weather_agent = Agent(
+            name="WeatherAgent",
+            model=OpenAIChat(id="gpt-4o-mini"),
+            instructions=["Fetch weather information. Be brief."],
+            tools=[get_weather],
+        )
+        
+        time_agent = Agent(
+            name="TimeAgent",
+            model=OpenAIChat(id="gpt-4o-mini"),
+            instructions=["Fetch timezone information. Be brief."],
+            tools=[get_time],
+        )
+        
+        summarizer = Agent(
+            name="Summarizer",
+            model=OpenAIChat(id="gpt-4o-mini"),
+            instructions=["Create a one-sentence summary combining weather and time."],
+        )
+        
+        team = Team(
+            members=[weather_agent, time_agent, summarizer],
+            model=OpenAIChat(id="gpt-4o-mini"),
+        )
+        
+        start = time.perf_counter()
+        response = team.run("Get NYC weather and EST time, then summarize.")
+        elapsed = time.perf_counter() - start
+        
+        result.times.append(elapsed)
+        print(f"    Time: {elapsed:.2f}s")
+    
+    return result
+
+
+# ============================================================================
+# Save Results
+# ============================================================================
+
+def save_results(results: dict, versions: dict):
+    """Save benchmark results to file."""
+    import os
+    from datetime import datetime
+    
+    filepath = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), 'REAL_BENCHMARK_RESULTS.md')
+    
+    with open(filepath, 'w') as f:
+        f.write('# PraisonAI Agents - Real-World Execution Benchmark\n\n')
+        f.write(f'**Generated:** {datetime.now().strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")}\n')
+        f.write('**Model:** gpt-4o-mini\n')
+        f.write('**Iterations:** 3 per test\n\n')
+        
+        f.write('## Results Summary\n\n')
+        f.write('| Test | PraisonAI (avg) | Agno (avg) | Difference |\n')
+        f.write('|------|-----------------|------------|------------|\n')
+        
+        tests = ['single', 'two_agents', 'three_agents']
+        test_names = ['Single Agent', '2 Agents', '3 Agents']
+        
+        for test, name in zip(tests, test_names):
+            praison_key = f'praisonai_{test}'
+            agno_key = f'agno_{test}'
+            
+            if praison_key in results and agno_key in results:
+                praison_avg = results[praison_key].avg_time
+                agno_avg = results[agno_key].avg_time
+                
+                if praison_avg < agno_avg:
+                    diff = f'PraisonAI {agno_avg/praison_avg:.2f}x faster'
+                else:
+                    diff = f'Agno {praison_avg/agno_avg:.2f}x faster'
+                
+                f.write(f'| {name} | {praison_avg:.2f}s | {agno_avg:.2f}s | {diff} |\n')
+        
+        f.write('\n## Detailed Results\n\n')
+        
+        for key, result in results.items():
+            f.write(f'### {key}\n')
+            f.write(f'- Average: {result.avg_time:.2f}s\n')
+            f.write(f'- Min: {result.min_time:.2f}s\n')
+            f.write(f'- Max: {result.max_time:.2f}s\n')
+            f.write(f'- Std Dev: {result.std_dev:.2f}s\n')
+            f.write(f'- Times: {[f"{t:.2f}s" for t in result.times]}\n\n')
+        
+        f.write('## Package Versions\n\n')
+        f.write('| Package | Version |\n')
+        f.write('|---------|--------|\n')
+        for pkg, ver in versions.items():
+            f.write(f'| {pkg} | {ver} |\n')
+        
+        f.write('\n## How to Reproduce\n\n')
+        f.write('```bash\n')
+        f.write('export OPENAI_API_KEY=your_key\n')
+        f.write('cd praisonai-agents\n')
+        f.write('python benchmarks/real_benchmark.py\n')
+        f.write('```\n')
+    
+    print(f'\nResults saved to: {filepath}')
+
+
+# ============================================================================
+# Main
+# ============================================================================
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    print("="*70)
+    print("PraisonAI Agents - Real-World Execution Benchmark")
+    print("="*70)
+    print("\nThis benchmark measures actual agent execution time including:")
+    print("  - LLM API calls")
+    print("  - Tool execution")
+    print("  - Multi-agent coordination")
+    print("\nModel: gpt-4o-mini")
+    print("Iterations: 3 per test")
+    
+    versions = get_package_versions()
+    print(f"\nPackage versions:")
+    for pkg, ver in versions.items():
+        print(f"  {pkg}: {ver}")
+    
+    results = {}
+    
+    # Single Agent Tests
+    print("\n" + "="*70)
+    print("SINGLE AGENT BENCHMARK")
+    print("="*70)
+    
+    print("\nTesting PraisonAI single agent...")
+    results['praisonai_single'] = benchmark_praisonai_single()
+    
+    print("\nTesting Agno single agent...")
+    results['agno_single'] = benchmark_agno_single()
+    
+    # 2-Agent Tests
+    print("\n" + "="*70)
+    print("2-AGENT BENCHMARK")
+    print("="*70)
+    
+    print("\nTesting PraisonAI 2 agents...")
+    results['praisonai_two_agents'] = benchmark_praisonai_two_agents()
+    
+    print("\nTesting Agno 2 agents (Team)...")
+    results['agno_two_agents'] = benchmark_agno_two_agents()
+    
+    # 3-Agent Tests
+    print("\n" + "="*70)
+    print("3-AGENT BENCHMARK")
+    print("="*70)
+    
+    print("\nTesting PraisonAI 3 agents...")
+    results['praisonai_three_agents'] = benchmark_praisonai_three_agents()
+    
+    print("\nTesting Agno 3 agents (Team)...")
+    results['agno_three_agents'] = benchmark_agno_three_agents()
+    
+    # Summary
+    print("\n" + "="*70)
+    print("RESULTS SUMMARY")
+    print("="*70)
+    
+    print(f"\n{'Test':<20} {'PraisonAI (avg)':<18} {'Agno (avg)':<15} {'Difference':<20}")
+    print("-" * 73)
+    
+    tests = [
+        ('Single Agent', 'praisonai_single', 'agno_single'),
+        ('2 Agents', 'praisonai_two_agents', 'agno_two_agents'),
+        ('3 Agents', 'praisonai_three_agents', 'agno_three_agents'),
+    ]
+    
+    for name, praison_key, agno_key in tests:
+        praison_avg = results[praison_key].avg_time
+        agno_avg = results[agno_key].avg_time
+        
+        if praison_avg < agno_avg:
+            diff = f'PraisonAI {agno_avg/praison_avg:.2f}x faster'
+        else:
+            diff = f'Agno {praison_avg/agno_avg:.2f}x faster'
+        
+        print(f"{name:<20} {praison_avg:<18.2f}s {agno_avg:<15.2f}s {diff:<20}")
+    
+    print("\n" + "="*70)
+    
+    # Save results
+    save_results(results, versions)

src/praisonai-agents/benchmarks/response_benchmark.py

@@ -0,0 +1,235 @@
+"""
+PraisonAI Agents - Response Time Benchmark
+
+Measures actual LLM response time with gpt-4o-mini across frameworks.
+
+Usage:
+    python benchmarks/response_benchmark.py
+"""
+
+import time
+import statistics
+import os
+from typing import List, Literal
+from dataclasses import dataclass, field
+
+# Ensure we use gpt-4o-mini
+os.environ['OPENAI_MODEL_NAME'] = 'gpt-4o-mini'
+
+
+@dataclass
+class ResponseResult:
+    """Response time measurement results"""
+    response_times: List[float] = field(default_factory=list)
+    
+    @property
+    def avg_time(self) -> float:
+        return statistics.mean(self.response_times) if self.response_times else 0
+    
+    @property
+    def min_time(self) -> float:
+        return min(self.response_times) if self.response_times else 0
+    
+    @property
+    def max_time(self) -> float:
+        return max(self.response_times) if self.response_times else 0
+    
+    @property
+    def std_dev(self) -> float:
+        return statistics.stdev(self.response_times) if len(self.response_times) > 1 else 0
+
+
+def get_weather(city: Literal["nyc", "sf"]):
+    """Use this to get weather information."""
+    if city == "nyc":
+        return "It might be cloudy in nyc"
+    elif city == "sf":
+        return "It's always sunny in sf"
+
+
+def benchmark_praisonai_response(iterations: int = 5) -> ResponseResult:
+    """Benchmark PraisonAI agent response time"""
+    from praisonaiagents import Agent
+    
+    result = ResponseResult()
+    
+    for i in range(iterations):
+        print(f"  PraisonAI iteration {i+1}/{iterations}...")
+        
+        # Create fresh agent each time
+        agent = Agent(
+            name="Test Agent",
+            instructions="Be concise, reply with one sentence.",
+            llm="gpt-4o-mini",
+            verbose=False
+        )
+        
+        start = time.perf_counter()
+        response = agent.start("What is the capital of France?")
+        end = time.perf_counter()
+        
+        result.response_times.append(end - start)
+        print(f"    Response time: {end - start:.3f}s")
+    
+    return result
+
+
+def benchmark_agno_response(iterations: int = 5) -> ResponseResult:
+    """Benchmark Agno agent response time"""
+    from agno.agent import Agent
+    from agno.models.openai import OpenAIChat
+    
+    result = ResponseResult()
+    
+    for i in range(iterations):
+        print(f"  Agno iteration {i+1}/{iterations}...")
+        
+        # Create fresh agent each time
+        agent = Agent(
+            model=OpenAIChat(id="gpt-4o-mini"),
+            system_message="Be concise, reply with one sentence.",
+        )
+        
+        start = time.perf_counter()
+        response = agent.run("What is the capital of France?")
+        end = time.perf_counter()
+        
+        result.response_times.append(end - start)
+        print(f"    Response time: {end - start:.3f}s")
+    
+    return result
+
+
+def benchmark_praisonai_with_tool(iterations: int = 5) -> ResponseResult:
+    """Benchmark PraisonAI agent response time with tool calling"""
+    from praisonaiagents import Agent
+    
+    result = ResponseResult()
+    
+    for i in range(iterations):
+        print(f"  PraisonAI (with tool) iteration {i+1}/{iterations}...")
+        
+        agent = Agent(
+            name="Weather Agent",
+            instructions="You are a weather assistant. Use the get_weather tool to answer questions.",
+            llm="gpt-4o-mini",
+            tools=[get_weather],
+            verbose=False
+        )
+        
+        start = time.perf_counter()
+        response = agent.start("What's the weather in NYC?")
+        end = time.perf_counter()
+        
+        result.response_times.append(end - start)
+        print(f"    Response time: {end - start:.3f}s")
+    
+    return result
+
+
+def benchmark_agno_with_tool(iterations: int = 5) -> ResponseResult:
+    """Benchmark Agno agent response time with tool calling"""
+    from agno.agent import Agent
+    from agno.models.openai import OpenAIChat
+    
+    result = ResponseResult()
+    
+    for i in range(iterations):
+        print(f"  Agno (with tool) iteration {i+1}/{iterations}...")
+        
+        agent = Agent(
+            model=OpenAIChat(id="gpt-4o-mini"),
+            system_message="You are a weather assistant. Use the get_weather tool to answer questions.",
+            tools=[get_weather],
+        )
+        
+        start = time.perf_counter()
+        response = agent.run("What's the weather in NYC?")
+        end = time.perf_counter()
+        
+        result.response_times.append(end - start)
+        print(f"    Response time: {end - start:.3f}s")
+    
+    return result
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    print("="*70)
+    print("PraisonAI Agents - Response Time Benchmark")
+    print("="*70)
+    print("\nModel: gpt-4o-mini")
+    print("Measures end-to-end response time including:")
+    print("  - Agent instantiation")
+    print("  - API call to OpenAI")
+    print("  - Response processing")
+    
+    iterations = 5
+    results = {}
+    
+    # Test 1: Simple response (no tools)
+    print("\n" + "="*70)
+    print("TEST 1: Simple Response (No Tools)")
+    print("="*70)
+    
+    print("\nBenchmarking PraisonAI...")
+    try:
+        results['praisonai_simple'] = benchmark_praisonai_response(iterations)
+    except Exception as e:
+        print(f"Error: {e}")
+        import traceback
+        traceback.print_exc()
+    
+    print("\nBenchmarking Agno...")
+    try:
+        results['agno_simple'] = benchmark_agno_response(iterations)
+    except Exception as e:
+        print(f"Error: {e}")
+        import traceback
+        traceback.print_exc()
+    
+    # Test 2: Response with tool calling
+    print("\n" + "="*70)
+    print("TEST 2: Response with Tool Calling")
+    print("="*70)
+    
+    print("\nBenchmarking PraisonAI with tool...")
+    try:
+        results['praisonai_tool'] = benchmark_praisonai_with_tool(iterations)
+    except Exception as e:
+        print(f"Error: {e}")
+        import traceback
+        traceback.print_exc()
+    
+    print("\nBenchmarking Agno with tool...")
+    try:
+        results['agno_tool'] = benchmark_agno_with_tool(iterations)
+    except Exception as e:
+        print(f"Error: {e}")
+        import traceback
+        traceback.print_exc()
+    
+    # Summary
+    print("\n" + "="*70)
+    print("SUMMARY RESULTS")
+    print("="*70)
+    
+    print(f"\n{'Test':<30} {'PraisonAI (avg)':<20} {'Agno (avg)':<20} {'Ratio':<15}")
+    print("-" * 85)
+    
+    if 'praisonai_simple' in results and 'agno_simple' in results:
+        p_time = results['praisonai_simple'].avg_time
+        a_time = results['agno_simple'].avg_time
+        ratio = p_time / a_time if a_time > 0 else float('inf')
+        print(f"{'Simple Response':<30} {p_time:<20.3f}s {a_time:<20.3f}s {ratio:.2f}x")
+    
+    if 'praisonai_tool' in results and 'agno_tool' in results:
+        p_time = results['praisonai_tool'].avg_time
+        a_time = results['agno_tool'].avg_time
+        ratio = p_time / a_time if a_time > 0 else float('inf')
+        print(f"{'With Tool Calling':<30} {p_time:<20.3f}s {a_time:<20.3f}s {ratio:.2f}x")
+    
+    print("\n" + "="*70)
+    print("NOTE")
+    print("="*70)
+    print("\nResponse time is dominated by OpenAI API latency.")
+    print("Agent instantiation overhead is negligible in real-world usage.")

src/praisonai-agents/benchmarks/results.console

@@ -0,0 +1,194 @@
+❯ python benchmarks/performance_benchmark.py
+/Users/praison/praisonai-package/src/praisonai-agents/praisonaiagents/_warning_patch.py:47: UserWarning: Mixing V1 models and V2 models (or constructs, like `TypeAdapter`) is not supported. Please upgrade `Settings` to V2.
+  _original_warn(message, category, stacklevel, source)
+[13:04:15] INFO     [13:04:15]          config.py:50
+                    config.py:50 INFO               
+                    Using config path:              
+                    /Users/praison/.con             
+                    fig/crewai/settings             
+                    .json                           
+======================================================================
+PraisonAI Agents - Comprehensive Performance Benchmark
+======================================================================
+
+This benchmark measures:
+  1. Agent instantiation time (how fast an agent object is created)
+  2. Memory footprint (how much memory an agent uses)
+
+Methodology:
+  - 10 warmup runs (not measured)
+  - 1000 measured iterations
+  - tracemalloc for memory measurement
+  - Baseline subtraction for accuracy
+
+Frameworks available:
+  - PraisonAI: ✅
+  - Agno: ✅
+  - PydanticAI: ✅
+  - OpenAI Agents SDK: ✅
+  - LangGraph: ✅
+  - CrewAI: ✅
+
+======================================================================
+Testing PraisonAI Agents
+======================================================================
+
+============================================================
+Benchmarking: PraisonAI
+============================================================
+Warmup runs: 10
+Measured iterations: 1000
+
+Measuring runtime...
+Measuring memory...
+
+Results for PraisonAI:
+  Average Time: 0.000003 seconds (3.20 μs)
+  Min Time:     0.000003 seconds
+  Max Time:     0.000025 seconds
+  Std Dev:      0.000001 seconds
+  Median Time:  0.000003 seconds
+  Avg Memory:   0.003678 MiB (3.77 KiB)
+
+======================================================================
+Testing PraisonAI Agents (LiteLLM)
+======================================================================
+
+============================================================
+Benchmarking: PraisonAI (LiteLLM)
+============================================================
+Warmup runs: 10
+Measured iterations: 1000
+
+Measuring runtime...
+Measuring memory...
+
+Results for PraisonAI (LiteLLM):
+  Average Time: 0.000007 seconds (7.31 μs)
+  Min Time:     0.000007 seconds
+  Max Time:     0.000060 seconds
+  Std Dev:      0.000002 seconds
+  Median Time:  0.000007 seconds
+  Avg Memory:   0.006419 MiB (6.57 KiB)
+
+======================================================================
+Testing Agno
+======================================================================
+
+============================================================
+Benchmarking: Agno
+============================================================
+Warmup runs: 10
+Measured iterations: 1000
+
+Measuring runtime...
+Measuring memory...
+
+Results for Agno:
+  Average Time: 0.000005 seconds (5.30 μs)
+  Min Time:     0.000005 seconds
+  Max Time:     0.000039 seconds
+  Std Dev:      0.000002 seconds
+  Median Time:  0.000005 seconds
+  Avg Memory:   0.006599 MiB (6.76 KiB)
+
+======================================================================
+Testing PydanticAI
+======================================================================
+
+============================================================
+Benchmarking: PydanticAI Agent Instantiation
+============================================================
+Warmup runs: 10
+Measured iterations: 1000
+
+Measuring runtime...
+Measuring memory...
+
+Results for PydanticAI Agent Instantiation:
+  Average Time: 0.000247 seconds (247.34 μs)
+  Min Time:     0.000218 seconds
+  Max Time:     0.000552 seconds
+  Std Dev:      0.000031 seconds
+  Median Time:  0.000237 seconds
+  Avg Memory:   0.028486 MiB (29.17 KiB)
+
+======================================================================
+Testing OpenAI Agents SDK
+======================================================================
+
+============================================================
+Benchmarking: OpenAI Agents SDK Instantiation
+============================================================
+Warmup runs: 10
+Measured iterations: 1000
+
+Measuring runtime...
+Measuring memory...
+
+Results for OpenAI Agents SDK Instantiation:
+  Average Time: 0.000282 seconds (282.25 μs)
+  Min Time:     0.000247 seconds
+  Max Time:     0.001110 seconds
+  Std Dev:      0.000055 seconds
+  Median Time:  0.000263 seconds
+  Avg Memory:   0.029032 MiB (29.73 KiB)
+
+======================================================================
+Testing LangGraph
+======================================================================
+
+============================================================
+Benchmarking: LangGraph Agent Instantiation
+============================================================
+Warmup runs: 10
+Measured iterations: 1000
+
+Measuring runtime...
+Measuring memory...
+
+Results for LangGraph Agent Instantiation:
+  Average Time: 0.003200 seconds (3200.15 μs)
+  Min Time:     0.002808 seconds
+  Max Time:     0.116363 seconds
+  Std Dev:      0.003628 seconds
+  Median Time:  0.002972 seconds
+  Avg Memory:   0.207509 MiB (212.49 KiB)
+
+======================================================================
+Testing CrewAI
+======================================================================
+
+============================================================
+Benchmarking: CrewAI Agent Instantiation
+============================================================
+Warmup runs: 10
+Measured iterations: 1000
+
+Measuring runtime...
+Measuring memory...
+
+Results for CrewAI Agent Instantiation:
+  Average Time: 0.016772 seconds (16771.69 μs)
+  Min Time:     0.014404 seconds
+  Max Time:     0.091841 seconds
+  Std Dev:      0.003445 seconds
+  Median Time:  0.015816 seconds
+  Avg Memory:   0.065050 MiB (66.61 KiB)
+
+======================================================================
+RESULTS SUMMARY
+======================================================================
+
+Framework                 Avg Time (μs)   Avg Memory (KiB)   Relative       
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+PraisonAI                 3.20            3.77               1.00x          
+Agno                      5.30            6.76               1.66x          
+PraisonAI (LiteLLM)       7.31            6.57               2.28x          
+PydanticAI                247.34          29.17              77.25x         
+OpenAI Agents SDK         282.25          29.73              88.15x         
+LangGraph                 3200.15         212.49             999.46x        
+CrewAI                    16771.69        66.61              5238.06x       
+
+======================================================================
+❯ 

src/praisonai-agents/benchmarks/simple_benchmark.py

@@ -0,0 +1,243 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+"""
+PraisonAI Agents - Performance Benchmark
+
+Compares agent instantiation times across popular AI agent frameworks.
+
+Usage:
+    python benchmarks/simple_benchmark.py
+"""
+
+import time
+from typing import Literal
+
+
+ITERATIONS = 100
+
+
+def sample_tool(city: Literal['nyc', 'sf']):
+    """Sample tool for benchmark testing."""
+    if city == 'nyc':
+        return 'cloudy'
+    return 'sunny'
+
+
+def measure_instantiation(create_fn, iterations=ITERATIONS):
+    """Measure average instantiation time in microseconds."""
+    times = []
+    for _ in range(iterations):
+        start = time.perf_counter()
+        create_fn()
+        times.append((time.perf_counter() - start) * 1_000_000)
+    return sum(times) / len(times)
+
+
+def run_benchmark():
+    """Run the benchmark across all available frameworks (without tools)."""
+    results = {}
+    
+    print('=' * 60)
+    print('PraisonAI Agents - Performance Benchmark')
+    print('=' * 60)
+    print(f'\nIterations: {ITERATIONS}')
+    print('Metric: Agent instantiation time (microseconds)\n')
+    
+    # PraisonAI (without tools)
+    print("Testing PraisonAI...")
+    from praisonaiagents import Agent as PraisonAgent
+    
+    results['PraisonAI'] = measure_instantiation(
+        lambda: PraisonAgent(name='Test', llm='gpt-4o-mini', verbose=False)
+    )
+    
+    results['PraisonAI (LiteLLM)'] = measure_instantiation(
+        lambda: PraisonAgent(name='Test', llm='openai/gpt-4o-mini', verbose=False)
+    )
+    
+    # Other frameworks for comparison
+    print("Testing other frameworks...")
+    
+    try:
+        from agno.agent import Agent as AgnoAgent
+        from agno.models.openai import OpenAIChat
+        results['Agno'] = measure_instantiation(
+            lambda: AgnoAgent(model=OpenAIChat(id='gpt-4o-mini'))
+        )
+    except ImportError:
+        pass
+    
+    try:
+        from pydantic_ai import Agent as PydanticAgent
+        results['PydanticAI'] = measure_instantiation(
+            lambda: PydanticAgent('openai:gpt-4o-mini')
+        )
+    except ImportError:
+        pass
+    
+    try:
+        from agents import Agent as OpenAIAgent
+        results['OpenAI Agents SDK'] = measure_instantiation(
+            lambda: OpenAIAgent(name='Test', model='gpt-4o-mini')
+        )
+    except ImportError:
+        pass
+    
+    try:
+        from langchain_core.tools import tool as langchain_tool
+        from langchain_openai import ChatOpenAI
+        from langgraph.prebuilt import create_react_agent
+        
+        @langchain_tool
+        def get_weather_lg(city: Literal['nyc', 'sf']):
+            """Get weather info."""
+            return 'sunny' if city == 'sf' else 'cloudy'
+        
+        results['LangGraph'] = measure_instantiation(
+            lambda: create_react_agent(model=ChatOpenAI(model='gpt-4o-mini'), tools=[get_weather_lg])
+        )
+    except ImportError:
+        pass
+    
+    try:
+        from crewai.agent import Agent as CrewAgent
+        from crewai.tools import tool as crewai_tool
+        
+        @crewai_tool("Weather Tool")
+        def get_weather_crew(city: Literal['nyc', 'sf']):
+            """Get weather info."""
+            return 'sunny' if city == 'sf' else 'cloudy'
+        
+        results['CrewAI'] = measure_instantiation(
+            lambda: CrewAgent(
+                role='Weather Agent',
+                goal='Provide weather info',
+                backstory='A weather expert',
+                tools=[get_weather_crew],
+                verbose=False
+            )
+        )
+    except ImportError:
+        pass
+    
+    # Print results
+    print('\n' + '=' * 60)
+    print('RESULTS')
+    print('=' * 60)
+    
+    baseline = results.get('PraisonAI', 1)
+    print(f"\n{'Framework':<25} {'Avg Time (μs)':<15} {'Relative':<10}")
+    print('-' * 50)
+    
+    for name, avg in sorted(results.items(), key=lambda x: x[1]):
+        ratio = avg / baseline
+        print(f'{name:<25} {avg:<15.2f} {ratio:.2f}x')
+    
+    print('\n' + '=' * 60)
+    return results
+
+
+def get_package_versions():
+    """Get version numbers for benchmarked packages."""
+    from importlib.metadata import version as get_version
+    
+    packages = {
+        'PraisonAI': 'praisonaiagents',
+        'Agno': 'agno',
+        'PydanticAI': 'pydantic-ai',
+        'OpenAI Agents SDK': 'openai-agents',
+        'LangGraph': 'langgraph',
+        'CrewAI': 'crewai'
+    }
+    
+    versions = {}
+    for display_name, pkg_name in packages.items():
+        try:
+            versions[display_name] = get_version(pkg_name)
+        except Exception:
+            versions[display_name] = 'not installed'
+    
+    return versions
+
+
+def save_results(results: dict, filename: str = 'BENCHMARK_RESULTS.md'):
+    """Save benchmark results to a markdown file and update README."""
+    import os
+    import re
+    from datetime import datetime
+    
+    filepath = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), filename)
+    versions = get_package_versions()
+    
+    # Find the fastest result (baseline)
+    sorted_results = sorted(results.items(), key=lambda x: x[1])
+    fastest_time = sorted_results[0][1] if sorted_results else 1
+    
+    # Build the table rows
+    table_rows = []
+    for name, avg in sorted_results:
+        ratio = avg / fastest_time
+        if ratio == 1.0:
+            table_rows.append(f'| **{name}** | **{avg:.2f}** | **1.00x (fastest)** |')
+        else:
+            avg_str = f'{avg:,.2f}' if avg >= 1000 else f'{avg:.2f}'
+            ratio_str = f'{ratio:,.0f}x' if ratio >= 100 else f'{ratio:.2f}x'
+            table_rows.append(f'| {name} | {avg_str} | {ratio_str} |')
+    
+    # Save to BENCHMARK_RESULTS.md
+    with open(filepath, 'w') as f:
+        f.write('# PraisonAI Agents - Benchmark Results\n\n')
+        f.write(f'**Generated:** {datetime.now().strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")}\n')
+        f.write(f'**Iterations:** {ITERATIONS}\n')
+        f.write('**Test:** Agent instantiation (without tools)\n\n')
+        f.write('## Results\n\n')
+        f.write('| Framework | Avg Time (μs) | Relative |\n')
+        f.write('|-----------|---------------|----------|\n')
+        f.write('\n'.join(table_rows) + '\n')
+        f.write('\n## Package Versions\n\n')
+        f.write('| Package | Version |\n')
+        f.write('|---------|--------|\n')
+        for pkg, ver in versions.items():
+            f.write(f'| {pkg} | {ver} |\n')
+        f.write('\n## How to Reproduce\n\n')
+        f.write('```bash\n')
+        f.write('cd praisonai-agents\n')
+        f.write('python benchmarks/simple_benchmark.py\n')
+        f.write('```\n')
+    
+    print(f'\nResults saved to: {filepath}')
+    
+    # Also update the main README.md
+    readme_path = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), '..', '..', '..', 'README.md')
+    if os.path.exists(readme_path):
+        update_readme(readme_path, table_rows)
+    
+    return filepath
+
+
+def update_readme(readme_path: str, table_rows: list):
+    """Update the performance section in README.md with latest results."""
+    import re
+    
+    with open(readme_path, 'r') as f:
+        content = f.read()
+    
+    # Build the new table
+    new_table = '''| Framework | Avg Time (μs) | Relative |
+|-----------|---------------|----------|
+''' + '\n'.join(table_rows)
+    
+    # Pattern to match the performance table
+    pattern = r'(\| Framework \| Avg Time \(μs\) \| Relative \|\n\|[-|]+\|\n)(\|[^\n]+\|\n)+'
+    
+    if re.search(pattern, content):
+        content = re.sub(pattern, new_table + '\n', content)
+        
+        with open(readme_path, 'w') as f:
+            f.write(content)
+        
+        print(f'README.md updated: {readme_path}')
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    results = run_benchmark()
+    save_results(results)

src/praisonai-agents/benchmarks/tools_benchmark.py

@@ -0,0 +1,213 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+"""
+PraisonAI Agents - Tools Benchmark
+
+Compares agent instantiation times WITH TOOLS across frameworks.
+
+Usage:
+    python benchmarks/tools_benchmark.py
+"""
+
+import time
+from typing import Literal
+from importlib.metadata import version as get_version
+
+
+ITERATIONS = 100
+
+
+def sample_tool(city: Literal['nyc', 'sf']):
+    """Sample tool for benchmark testing."""
+    if city == 'nyc':
+        return 'cloudy'
+    return 'sunny'
+
+
+def measure_instantiation(create_fn, iterations=ITERATIONS):
+    """Measure average instantiation time in microseconds."""
+    times = []
+    
+    # Warmup
+    for _ in range(10):
+        create_fn()
+    
+    # Measure
+    for _ in range(iterations):
+        start = time.perf_counter()
+        create_fn()
+        elapsed = time.perf_counter() - start
+        times.append(elapsed * 1_000_000)  # Convert to microseconds
+    
+    return sum(times) / len(times)
+
+
+def run_benchmark():
+    """Run the benchmark across all available frameworks WITH TOOLS."""
+    tools = [sample_tool]
+    results = {}
+    
+    print('=' * 60)
+    print('PraisonAI Agents - Tools Benchmark')
+    print('=' * 60)
+    print(f'\nIterations: {ITERATIONS}')
+    print('Metric: Agent instantiation time WITH TOOLS (microseconds)\n')
+    
+    # PraisonAI with tools
+    print("Testing PraisonAI...")
+    from praisonaiagents import Agent as PraisonAgent
+    
+    results['PraisonAI'] = measure_instantiation(
+        lambda: PraisonAgent(name='Test', llm='gpt-4o-mini', tools=tools, verbose=False)
+    )
+    
+    results['PraisonAI (LiteLLM)'] = measure_instantiation(
+        lambda: PraisonAgent(name='Test', llm='openai/gpt-4o-mini', tools=tools, verbose=False)
+    )
+    
+    # Other frameworks with tools
+    print("Testing other frameworks...")
+    
+    try:
+        from agno.agent import Agent as AgnoAgent
+        from agno.models.openai import OpenAIChat
+        results['Agno'] = measure_instantiation(
+            lambda: AgnoAgent(model=OpenAIChat(id='gpt-4o-mini'), tools=tools)
+        )
+    except ImportError:
+        pass
+    
+    try:
+        from agents import Agent as OpenAIAgent, function_tool
+        results['OpenAI Agents SDK'] = measure_instantiation(
+            lambda: OpenAIAgent(name='Test', model='gpt-4o-mini', tools=[function_tool(sample_tool)])
+        )
+    except ImportError:
+        pass
+    
+    try:
+        from langchain_core.tools import tool as langchain_tool
+        from langchain_openai import ChatOpenAI
+        from langgraph.prebuilt import create_react_agent
+        
+        @langchain_tool
+        def get_weather_lg(city: Literal['nyc', 'sf']):
+            """Get weather info."""
+            return 'sunny' if city == 'sf' else 'cloudy'
+        
+        results['LangGraph'] = measure_instantiation(
+            lambda: create_react_agent(model=ChatOpenAI(model='gpt-4o-mini'), tools=[get_weather_lg])
+        )
+    except ImportError:
+        pass
+    
+    try:
+        from crewai.agent import Agent as CrewAgent
+        from crewai.tools import tool as crewai_tool
+        
+        @crewai_tool("Weather Tool")
+        def get_weather_crew(city: Literal['nyc', 'sf']):
+            """Get weather info."""
+            return 'sunny' if city == 'sf' else 'cloudy'
+        
+        results['CrewAI'] = measure_instantiation(
+            lambda: CrewAgent(
+                role='Weather Agent',
+                goal='Provide weather info',
+                backstory='A weather expert',
+                tools=[get_weather_crew],
+                verbose=False
+            )
+        )
+    except ImportError:
+        pass
+    
+    # Print results
+    print('\n' + '=' * 60)
+    print('RESULTS (WITH TOOLS)')
+    print('=' * 60)
+    
+    sorted_results = sorted(results.items(), key=lambda x: x[1])
+    baseline = sorted_results[0][1] if sorted_results else 1
+    
+    print(f"\n{'Framework':<25} {'Avg Time (μs)':<15} {'Relative':<10}")
+    print('-' * 50)
+    
+    for name, avg in sorted_results:
+        ratio = avg / baseline
+        print(f'{name:<25} {avg:<15.2f} {ratio:.2f}x')
+    
+    print('\n' + '=' * 60)
+    return results
+
+
+def get_package_versions():
+    """Get version numbers for benchmarked packages."""
+    packages = {
+        'PraisonAI': 'praisonaiagents',
+        'Agno': 'agno',
+        'OpenAI Agents SDK': 'openai-agents',
+        'LangGraph': 'langgraph',
+        'CrewAI': 'crewai'
+    }
+    
+    versions = {}
+    for display_name, pkg_name in packages.items():
+        try:
+            versions[display_name] = get_version(pkg_name)
+        except Exception:
+            versions[display_name] = 'not installed'
+    
+    return versions
+
+
+def save_results(results: dict, filename: str = 'TOOLS_BENCHMARK_RESULTS.md'):
+    """Save benchmark results to a markdown file."""
+    import os
+    from datetime import datetime
+    
+    filepath = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), filename)
+    versions = get_package_versions()
+    
+    # Find the fastest result (baseline)
+    sorted_results = sorted(results.items(), key=lambda x: x[1])
+    fastest_time = sorted_results[0][1] if sorted_results else 1
+    
+    # Build the table rows
+    table_rows = []
+    for name, avg in sorted_results:
+        ratio = avg / fastest_time
+        if ratio == 1.0:
+            table_rows.append(f'| **{name}** | **{avg:.2f}** | **1.00x (fastest)** |')
+        else:
+            avg_str = f'{avg:,.2f}' if avg >= 1000 else f'{avg:.2f}'
+            ratio_str = f'{ratio:,.0f}x' if ratio >= 100 else f'{ratio:.2f}x'
+            table_rows.append(f'| {name} | {avg_str} | {ratio_str} |')
+    
+    # Save to file
+    with open(filepath, 'w') as f:
+        f.write('# PraisonAI Agents - Tools Benchmark Results\n\n')
+        f.write(f'**Generated:** {datetime.now().strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")}\n')
+        f.write(f'**Iterations:** {ITERATIONS}\n')
+        f.write('**Test:** Agent instantiation WITH TOOLS\n\n')
+        f.write('## Results\n\n')
+        f.write('| Framework | Avg Time (μs) | Relative |\n')
+        f.write('|-----------|---------------|----------|\n')
+        f.write('\n'.join(table_rows) + '\n')
+        f.write('\n## Package Versions\n\n')
+        f.write('| Package | Version |\n')
+        f.write('|---------|--------|\n')
+        for pkg, ver in versions.items():
+            f.write(f'| {pkg} | {ver} |\n')
+        f.write('\n## How to Reproduce\n\n')
+        f.write('```bash\n')
+        f.write('cd praisonai-agents\n')
+        f.write('python benchmarks/tools_benchmark.py\n')
+        f.write('```\n')
+    
+    print(f'\nResults saved to: {filepath}')
+    return filepath
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    results = run_benchmark()
+    save_results(results)

src/praisonai-agents/callback_test_log.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+Starting test with verbose=False
+CALLBACK EXECUTED!
+Message: 
+You need to do the following task: Say hello world.
+Expected Output: A greeting.
+Please provide only the final result of your work. Do not add any conversation or extra explanation.
+Response: Hello, World!
+Other kwargs: {'markdown': True, 'generation_time': 2.685833215713501, 'agent_name': 'TestAgent', 'agent_role': 'Assistant', 'agent_tools': None, 'task_name': 'simple_task', 'task_description': 'Say hello world', 'task_id': 0}
+--------------------------------------------------

src/praisonai-agents/examples/web_search_example.py

@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+"""
+Unified Web Search Example
+
+This example demonstrates the search_web tool that automatically tries
+multiple search providers with fallback support.
+
+Search Provider Priority:
+1. Tavily (requires TAVILY_API_KEY + tavily-python)
+2. Exa (requires EXA_API_KEY + exa_py)
+3. You.com (requires YDC_API_KEY + youdotcom)
+4. DuckDuckGo (requires duckduckgo_search package, no API key)
+5. SearxNG (requires requests + running SearxNG instance)
+
+Installation:
+    pip install praisonaiagents duckduckgo_search
+
+Usage:
+    python web_search_example.py
+"""
+
+from praisonaiagents import Agent
+from praisonaiagents.tools import search_web, get_available_providers
+
+
+def main():
+    print("=" * 60)
+    print("Unified Web Search - Provider Status")
+    print("=" * 60)
+    
+    # Check which providers are available
+    providers = get_available_providers()
+    for p in providers:
+        status = "✓ Available" if p["available"] else f"✗ {p['reason']}"
+        print(f"  {p['name']:12} {status}")
+    
+    print("\n" + "=" * 60)
+    print("Example 1: Basic Search")
+    print("=" * 60)
+    
+    # Simple search - automatically uses best available provider
+    results = search_web("Python programming best practices", max_results=3)
+    
+    if results and "error" not in results[0]:
+        print(f"\nFound {len(results)} results using {results[0].get('provider', 'unknown')}:\n")
+        for r in results:
+            print(f"  Title: {r.get('title', 'N/A')[:60]}...")
+            print(f"  URL: {r.get('url', 'N/A')}")
+            print()
+    else:
+        print(f"\nSearch failed: {results}")
+    
+    print("=" * 60)
+    print("Example 2: Specify Providers")
+    print("=" * 60)
+    
+    # Only try specific providers
+    results = search_web(
+        "machine learning tutorials",
+        max_results=3,
+        providers=["duckduckgo", "tavily"]  # Try these in order
+    )
+    
+    if results and "error" not in results[0]:
+        print(f"\nFound {len(results)} results using {results[0].get('provider', 'unknown')}:\n")
+        for r in results:
+            print(f"  Title: {r.get('title', 'N/A')[:60]}...")
+            print(f"  URL: {r.get('url', 'N/A')}")
+            print()
+    else:
+        print(f"\nSearch failed: {results}")
+    
+    print("=" * 60)
+    print("Example 3: With PraisonAI Agent")
+    print("=" * 60)
+    
+    # Use search_web as an agent tool
+    agent = Agent(
+        name="SearchAgent",
+        role="Web Researcher",
+        goal="Find and summarize information from the web",
+        instructions="Search the web and provide concise summaries of findings.",
+        tools=[search_web]
+    )
+    
+    result = agent.start("What are the top 3 AI trends in 2025?")
+    print(f"\nAgent Response:\n{result}")
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()

src/praisonai-agents/praisonaiagents/__init__.py

@@ -305,3 +305,21 @@ __all__.extend([
     'LineRange'
 ])
 
+# AG-UI support (optional, lazy loaded)
+try:
+    from praisonaiagents.ui.agui import AGUI
+    __all__.append('AGUI')
+    _agui_available = True
+except ImportError:
+    _agui_available = False
+    AGUI = None
+
+# A2A support (optional, lazy loaded)
+try:
+    from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a import A2A
+    __all__.append('A2A')
+    _a2a_available = True
+except ImportError:
+    _a2a_available = False
+    A2A = None
+

src/praisonai-agents/praisonaiagents/_warning_patch.py

@@ -29,7 +29,9 @@ SUPPRESSED_PATTERNS = [
     "PydanticSerializationUnexpectedValue",
     "Expected 9 fields but got 5 for type `Message`",
     "Expected `StreamingChoices` but got `Choices`",
-    "serialized value may not be as expected"
+    "serialized value may not be as expected",
+    "Mixing V1 models and V2 models",
+    "Please upgrade `Settings` to V2"
 ]
 
 @functools.wraps(_original_warn)

src/praisonai-agents/praisonaiagents/agent/agent.py

@@ -551,8 +551,9 @@ Your Goal: {self.goal}
         self.auto_save = auto_save  # Session name for auto-saving
         
         # Initialize rules manager for persistent context (like Cursor/Windsurf)
+        # NOTE: Lazy initialization - rules are loaded only when accessed (performance optimization)
         self._rules_manager = None
-        self._init_rules_manager()
+        self._rules_manager_initialized = False
         
         # Handle web_search fallback: inject DuckDuckGo tool for unsupported models
         if web_search and not self._model_supports_web_search():
@@ -599,7 +600,7 @@ Your Goal: {self.goal}
 
         # Fast Context configuration (lazy loaded)
         self.fast_context_enabled = fast_context
-        self.fast_context_path = fast_context_path or os.getcwd()
+        self._fast_context_path = fast_context_path  # Store raw, resolve lazily
         self.fast_context_model = fast_context_model
         self.fast_context_max_turns = fast_context_max_turns
         self.fast_context_parallelism = fast_context_parallelism
@@ -614,6 +615,17 @@ Your Goal: {self.goal}
             self._console = Console()
         return self._console
     
+    @property
+    def fast_context_path(self):
+        """Lazily resolve fast_context_path - avoids os.getcwd() on every init."""
+        if self._fast_context_path is None:
+            self._fast_context_path = os.getcwd()
+        return self._fast_context_path
+    
+    @fast_context_path.setter
+    def fast_context_path(self, value):
+        self._fast_context_path = value
+    
     @property
     def _openai_client(self):
         """Lazily initialize OpenAI client only when needed."""
@@ -785,6 +797,21 @@ Your Goal: {self.goal}
             logging.warning(f"FastContext search failed: {e}")
             return None
     
+    @property
+    def rules_manager(self):
+        """
+        Lazy-initialized RulesManager for persistent rules/instructions.
+        
+        This property initializes the RulesManager only when first accessed,
+        avoiding expensive filesystem operations during agent instantiation.
+        
+        Returns:
+            RulesManager instance or None if not available
+        """
+        if not self._rules_manager_initialized:
+            self._init_rules_manager()
+        return self._rules_manager
+    
     def _init_rules_manager(self):
         """
         Initialize RulesManager for persistent rules/instructions.
@@ -793,7 +820,10 @@ Your Goal: {self.goal}
         - ~/.praison/rules/ (global)
         - .praison/rules/ (workspace)
         - Subdirectory rules
+        
+        NOTE: This is called lazily via the rules_manager property for performance.
         """
+        self._rules_manager_initialized = True
         try:
             from ..memory.rules_manager import RulesManager
             import os
@@ -828,10 +858,10 @@ Your Goal: {self.goal}
         Returns:
             Formatted rules context string
         """
-        if not self._rules_manager:
+        if not self.rules_manager:
             return ""
         
-        return self._rules_manager.build_rules_context(
+        return self.rules_manager.build_rules_context(
             file_path=file_path,
             include_manual=include_manual
         )
@@ -1239,8 +1269,8 @@ Your Goal: {self.goal}
 Your Role: {self.role}\n
 Your Goal: {self.goal}"""
         
-        # Add rules context if rules manager is enabled
-        if self._rules_manager:
+        # Add rules context if rules manager is enabled (lazy initialization)
+        if self._rules_manager_initialized and self._rules_manager:
             rules_context = self.get_rules_context()
             if rules_context:
                 system_prompt += f"\n\n## Rules (Guidelines you must follow)\n{rules_context}"
@@ -1539,23 +1569,54 @@ Your Goal: {self.goal}"""
         # Special handling for MCP tools
         # Check if tools is an MCP instance with the requested function name
         from ..mcp.mcp import MCP
+        
+        # Helper function to execute MCP tool
+        def _execute_mcp_tool(mcp_instance, func_name, args):
+            """Execute a tool from an MCP instance."""
+            # Handle SSE MCP client
+            if hasattr(mcp_instance, 'is_sse') and mcp_instance.is_sse:
+                if hasattr(mcp_instance, 'sse_client'):
+                    for tool in mcp_instance.sse_client.tools:
+                        if tool.name == func_name:
+                            logging.debug(f"Found matching SSE MCP tool: {func_name}")
+                            return True, tool(**args)
+            # Handle HTTP Stream MCP client
+            if hasattr(mcp_instance, 'is_http_stream') and mcp_instance.is_http_stream:
+                if hasattr(mcp_instance, 'http_stream_client'):
+                    for tool in mcp_instance.http_stream_client.tools:
+                        if tool.name == func_name:
+                            logging.debug(f"Found matching HTTP Stream MCP tool: {func_name}")
+                            return True, tool(**args)
+            # Handle WebSocket MCP client
+            if hasattr(mcp_instance, 'is_websocket') and mcp_instance.is_websocket:
+                if hasattr(mcp_instance, 'websocket_client'):
+                    for tool in mcp_instance.websocket_client.tools:
+                        if tool.name == func_name:
+                            logging.debug(f"Found matching WebSocket MCP tool: {func_name}")
+                            return True, tool(**args)
+            # Handle stdio MCP client
+            if hasattr(mcp_instance, 'runner'):
+                for mcp_tool in mcp_instance.runner.tools:
+                    if hasattr(mcp_tool, 'name') and mcp_tool.name == func_name:
+                        logging.debug(f"Found matching MCP tool: {func_name}")
+                        return True, mcp_instance.runner.call_tool(func_name, args)
+            return False, None
+        
+        # Check if tools is a single MCP instance
         if isinstance(self.tools, MCP):
             logging.debug(f"Looking for MCP tool {function_name}")
-            
-            # Handle SSE MCP client
-            if hasattr(self.tools, 'is_sse') and self.tools.is_sse:
-                if hasattr(self.tools, 'sse_client'):
-                    for tool in self.tools.sse_client.tools:
-                        if tool.name == function_name:
-                            logging.debug(f"Found matching SSE MCP tool: {function_name}")
-                            return tool(**arguments)
-            # Handle stdio MCP client
-            elif hasattr(self.tools, 'runner'):
-                # Check if any of the MCP tools match the function name
-                for mcp_tool in self.tools.runner.tools:
-                    if hasattr(mcp_tool, 'name') and mcp_tool.name == function_name:
-                        logging.debug(f"Found matching MCP tool: {function_name}")
-                        return self.tools.runner.call_tool(function_name, arguments)
+            found, result = _execute_mcp_tool(self.tools, function_name, arguments)
+            if found:
+                return result
+        
+        # Check if tools is a list that may contain MCP instances
+        if isinstance(self.tools, (list, tuple)):
+            for tool in self.tools:
+                if isinstance(tool, MCP):
+                    logging.debug(f"Looking for MCP tool {function_name} in MCP instance")
+                    found, result = _execute_mcp_tool(tool, function_name, arguments)
+                    if found:
+                        return result
 
         # Try to find the function in the agent's tools list first
         func = None
@@ -1870,7 +1931,8 @@ Your Goal: {self.goal}"""
                 if tool_param is not None:
                     from ..mcp.mcp import MCP
                     if isinstance(tool_param, MCP) and hasattr(tool_param, 'to_openai_tool'):
-                        logging.debug("Converting MCP tool to OpenAI format")
+                        # Single MCP instance
+                        logging.debug("Converting single MCP tool to OpenAI format")
                         openai_tool = tool_param.to_openai_tool()
                         if openai_tool:
                             # Handle both single tool and list of tools
@@ -1879,6 +1941,22 @@ Your Goal: {self.goal}"""
                             else:
                                 tool_param = [openai_tool]
                             logging.debug(f"Converted MCP tool: {tool_param}")
+                    elif isinstance(tool_param, (list, tuple)):
+                        # List that may contain MCP instances - convert each MCP to OpenAI format
+                        converted_tools = []
+                        for t in tool_param:
+                            if isinstance(t, MCP) and hasattr(t, 'to_openai_tool'):
+                                logging.debug("Converting MCP instance in list to OpenAI format")
+                                openai_tools = t.to_openai_tool()
+                                if isinstance(openai_tools, list):
+                                    converted_tools.extend(openai_tools)
+                                elif openai_tools:
+                                    converted_tools.append(openai_tools)
+                            else:
+                                # Keep non-MCP tools as-is
+                                converted_tools.append(t)
+                        tool_param = converted_tools
+                        logging.debug(f"Converted {len(converted_tools)} tools from list")
                 
                 # Store chat history length for potential rollback
                 chat_history_length = len(self.chat_history)

src/praisonai-agents/praisonaiagents/agents/agents.py

@@ -1370,6 +1370,61 @@ Context:
             agent_names = ", ".join([agent.name for agent in self.agents])
             print(f"📊 Available agents for this endpoint ({len(self.agents)}): {agent_names}")
             
+            # Create per-agent endpoints for individual agent access
+            # This allows n8n and other tools to call specific agents
+            agents_dict = {agent.name.lower().replace(' ', '_'): agent for agent in self.agents}
+            
+            # Add GET endpoint to list available agents
+            @_agents_shared_apps[port].get(f"{path}/list")
+            async def list_agents():
+                return {
+                    "agents": [
+                        {"name": agent.name, "id": agent.name.lower().replace(' ', '_')}
+                        for agent in self.agents
+                    ]
+                }
+            
+            # Add per-agent POST endpoints
+            for agent_id, agent_instance in agents_dict.items():
+                agent_path = f"{path}/{agent_id}"
+                
+                # Create a closure to capture the agent instance
+                def create_agent_handler(agent):
+                    async def handle_single_agent(request: Request):
+                        try:
+                            request_data = await request.json()
+                            query = request_data.get("query", "")
+                            if not query:
+                                raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail="Missing 'query' field")
+                        except:
+                            raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail="Invalid JSON body")
+                        
+                        try:
+                            if asyncio.iscoroutinefunction(agent.chat):
+                                response = await agent.achat(query)
+                            else:
+                                loop = asyncio.get_running_loop()
+                                response = await loop.run_in_executor(None, lambda q=query: agent.chat(q))
+                            
+                            return {
+                                "agent": agent.name,
+                                "query": query,
+                                "response": response
+                            }
+                        except Exception as e:
+                            logging.error(f"Error with agent {agent.name}: {str(e)}", exc_info=True)
+                            return JSONResponse(
+                                status_code=500,
+                                content={"error": f"Agent error: {str(e)}"}
+                            )
+                    return handle_single_agent
+                
+                # Register the endpoint
+                _agents_shared_apps[port].post(agent_path)(create_agent_handler(agent_instance))
+                _agents_registered_endpoints[port][agent_path] = f"{endpoint_id}_{agent_id}"
+            
+            print(f"🔗 Per-agent endpoints: {', '.join([f'{path}/{aid}' for aid in agents_dict.keys()])}")
+            
             # Start the server if it's not already running for this port
             if not _agents_server_started.get(port, False):
                 # Mark the server as started first to prevent duplicate starts

src/praisonai-agents/praisonaiagents/memory/workflows.py

@@ -440,7 +440,7 @@ class Workflow:
             previous_output = output
             
             if verbose:
-                print(f"✅ {step.name}: {str(output)[:100]}...")
+                print(f"✅ {step.name}: {str(output)}")
             
             # Handle early stop
             if stop:
@@ -571,7 +571,7 @@ class Workflow:
                 output = f"Error: {e}"
         
         if verbose:
-            print(f"✅ {normalized.name}: {str(output)[:100]}...")
+            print(f"✅ {normalized.name}: {str(output)}")
         
         return {
             "step": normalized.name,

src/praisonai-agents/praisonaiagents/tools/__init__.py

@@ -218,6 +218,10 @@ TOOL_MAPPINGS = {
     'crawl4ai_extract_sync': ('.crawl4ai_tools', None),
     'Crawl4AITools': ('.crawl4ai_tools', 'Crawl4AITools'),
     'crawl4ai_tools': ('.crawl4ai_tools', None),
+    
+    # Unified Web Search (auto-fallback across providers)
+    'search_web': ('.web_search', None),
+    'get_available_providers': ('.web_search', None),
 }
 
 _instances = {}  # Cache for class instances
@@ -254,7 +258,8 @@ def __getattr__(name: str) -> Any:
             'exa', 'exa_search', 'exa_search_contents', 'exa_find_similar', 'exa_answer',
             'exa_search_async', 'exa_search_contents_async', 'exa_answer_async',
             'crawl4ai', 'crawl4ai_many', 'crawl4ai_extract', 'crawl4ai_llm_extract',
-            'crawl4ai_sync', 'crawl4ai_extract_sync'
+            'crawl4ai_sync', 'crawl4ai_extract_sync',
+            'search_web', 'get_available_providers'
         ]:
             return getattr(module, name)
         if name in ['file_tools', 'pandas_tools', 'wikipedia_tools',

src/praisonai-agents/praisonaiagents/tools/mentions.py

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ Usage:
     context, cleaned_prompt = parser.process("@file:main.py explain this code")
 """
 
+import os
 import re
 import logging
 from pathlib import Path
@@ -43,10 +44,14 @@ class MentionsParser:
         "url": re.compile(r'@url:(https?://[^\s]+)'),
     }
     
+    # Default max file chars: 500K (~125K tokens) - fits GPT-4o (128K), Claude 3.5 (200K)
+    DEFAULT_MAX_FILE_CHARS = 500000
+    
     def __init__(
         self,
         workspace_path: Optional[str] = None,
-        verbose: int = 0
+        verbose: int = 0,
+        max_file_chars: Optional[int] = None
     ):
         """
         Initialize MentionsParser.
@@ -54,10 +59,24 @@ class MentionsParser:
         Args:
             workspace_path: Path to workspace/project root
             verbose: Verbosity level
+            max_file_chars: Maximum characters to include from files.
+                           Default: 500000 (500K chars, ~125K tokens).
+                           Set to 0 for no limit.
+                           Can be overridden via PRAISON_MAX_FILE_CHARS env var.
         """
         self.workspace_path = Path(workspace_path) if workspace_path else Path.cwd()
         self.verbose = verbose
         
+        # Configure max file chars: constructor > env var > default
+        if max_file_chars is not None:
+            self.max_file_chars = max_file_chars
+        else:
+            env_val = os.environ.get('PRAISON_MAX_FILE_CHARS')
+            if env_val is not None:
+                self.max_file_chars = int(env_val)
+            else:
+                self.max_file_chars = self.DEFAULT_MAX_FILE_CHARS
+        
         # Lazy-loaded managers
         self._docs_manager = None
         self._rules_manager = None
@@ -158,9 +177,15 @@ class MentionsParser:
             
             content = full_path.read_text(encoding="utf-8")
             
-            # Limit content size
-            if len(content) > 50000:
-                content = content[:50000] + "\n... (truncated)"
+            # Limit content size (0 means no limit)
+            if self.max_file_chars > 0 and len(content) > self.max_file_chars:
+                original_size = len(content)
+                content = content[:self.max_file_chars] + "\n... (truncated)"
+                self._log(
+                    f"File {file_path} truncated from {original_size:,} to {self.max_file_chars:,} chars. "
+                    f"Set PRAISON_MAX_FILE_CHARS=0 for no limit.",
+                    logging.WARNING
+                )
             
             # Detect language for code fence
             ext = full_path.suffix.lower()
@@ -253,9 +278,9 @@ class MentionsParser:
             with urllib.request.urlopen(req, timeout=10) as response:
                 content = response.read().decode('utf-8', errors='ignore')
             
-            # Limit content size
-            if len(content) > 50000:
-                content = content[:50000] + "\n... (truncated)"
+            # Limit content size (0 means no limit)
+            if self.max_file_chars > 0 and len(content) > self.max_file_chars:
+                content = content[:self.max_file_chars] + "\n... (truncated)"
             
             # Try to extract text from HTML
             if '<html' in content.lower():

src/praisonai-agents/praisonaiagents/tools/web_search.py

@@ -0,0 +1,329 @@
+"""Unified web search tool with automatic fallback across multiple providers.
+
+This module provides a single `search_web` function that automatically tries
+multiple search providers in order, falling back to the next if one fails.
+
+Search Provider Priority:
+1. Tavily (requires TAVILY_API_KEY + tavily-python)
+2. Exa (requires EXA_API_KEY + exa_py)
+3. You.com (requires YDC_API_KEY + youdotcom)
+4. DuckDuckGo (requires duckduckgo_search package, no API key)
+5. SearxNG (requires requests + running SearxNG instance)
+
+Usage:
+    from praisonaiagents.tools import search_web
+    
+    # Simple search - automatically uses best available provider
+    results = search_web("AI news 2024")
+    
+    # With max results
+    results = search_web("Python tutorials", max_results=10)
+"""
+
+from typing import List, Dict, Any, Optional
+import logging
+import os
+from importlib import util
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+def _check_tavily() -> tuple[bool, Optional[str]]:
+    """Check if Tavily is available."""
+    if util.find_spec("tavily") is None:
+        return False, "tavily-python package not installed"
+    if not os.environ.get("TAVILY_API_KEY"):
+        return False, "TAVILY_API_KEY not set"
+    return True, None
+
+
+def _check_exa() -> tuple[bool, Optional[str]]:
+    """Check if Exa is available."""
+    if util.find_spec("exa_py") is None:
+        return False, "exa_py package not installed"
+    if not os.environ.get("EXA_API_KEY"):
+        return False, "EXA_API_KEY not set"
+    return True, None
+
+
+def _check_youdotcom() -> tuple[bool, Optional[str]]:
+    """Check if You.com is available."""
+    if util.find_spec("youdotcom") is None:
+        return False, "youdotcom package not installed"
+    if not os.environ.get("YDC_API_KEY"):
+        return False, "YDC_API_KEY not set"
+    return True, None
+
+
+def _check_duckduckgo() -> tuple[bool, Optional[str]]:
+    """Check if DuckDuckGo is available."""
+    if util.find_spec("duckduckgo_search") is None:
+        return False, "duckduckgo_search package not installed"
+    return True, None
+
+
+def _check_searxng() -> tuple[bool, Optional[str]]:
+    """Check if SearxNG is available."""
+    if util.find_spec("requests") is None:
+        return False, "requests package not installed"
+    return True, None
+
+
+def _search_tavily(query: str, max_results: int = 5) -> List[Dict[str, Any]]:
+    """Search using Tavily."""
+    from tavily import TavilyClient
+    
+    client = TavilyClient(api_key=os.environ.get("TAVILY_API_KEY"))
+    response = client.search(query=query, max_results=max_results)
+    
+    results = []
+    for r in response.get("results", []):
+        results.append({
+            "title": r.get("title", ""),
+            "url": r.get("url", ""),
+            "snippet": r.get("content", ""),
+            "provider": "tavily"
+        })
+    return results
+
+
+def _search_exa(query: str, max_results: int = 5) -> List[Dict[str, Any]]:
+    """Search using Exa."""
+    from exa_py import Exa
+    
+    client = Exa(os.environ.get("EXA_API_KEY"))
+    response = client.search(query=query, num_results=max_results)
+    
+    results = []
+    for r in response.results:
+        results.append({
+            "title": getattr(r, "title", "") or "",
+            "url": r.url,
+            "snippet": getattr(r, "text", "") or "",
+            "provider": "exa"
+        })
+    return results
+
+
+def _search_youdotcom(query: str, max_results: int = 5) -> List[Dict[str, Any]]:
+    """Search using You.com."""
+    from youdotcom import You
+    
+    client = You(api_key_auth=os.environ.get("YDC_API_KEY"))
+    response = client.search.unified(query=query, count=max_results)
+    
+    results = []
+    # Handle response object
+    if hasattr(response, 'results'):
+        web_results = getattr(response.results, 'web', []) or []
+        for r in web_results[:max_results]:
+            results.append({
+                "title": getattr(r, "title", "") or "",
+                "url": getattr(r, "url", "") or "",
+                "snippet": getattr(r, "description", "") or "",
+                "provider": "youdotcom"
+            })
+    elif isinstance(response, dict):
+        web_results = response.get("results", {}).get("web", [])
+        for r in web_results[:max_results]:
+            results.append({
+                "title": r.get("title", ""),
+                "url": r.get("url", ""),
+                "snippet": r.get("description", ""),
+                "provider": "youdotcom"
+            })
+    return results
+
+
+def _search_duckduckgo(query: str, max_results: int = 5) -> List[Dict[str, Any]]:
+    """Search using DuckDuckGo."""
+    from duckduckgo_search import DDGS
+    
+    results = []
+    ddgs = DDGS()
+    for result in ddgs.text(keywords=query, max_results=max_results):
+        results.append({
+            "title": result.get("title", ""),
+            "url": result.get("href", ""),
+            "snippet": result.get("body", ""),
+            "provider": "duckduckgo"
+        })
+    return results
+
+
+def _search_searxng(query: str, max_results: int = 5, searxng_url: Optional[str] = None) -> List[Dict[str, Any]]:
+    """Search using SearxNG."""
+    import requests
+    
+    url = searxng_url or os.environ.get("SEARXNG_URL", "http://localhost:32768/search")
+    
+    params = {
+        'q': query,
+        'format': 'json',
+        'engines': 'google,bing,duckduckgo',
+        'safesearch': '1'
+    }
+    
+    response = requests.get(url, params=params, timeout=10)
+    response.raise_for_status()
+    
+    raw_results = response.json().get('results', [])
+    
+    results = []
+    for result in raw_results[:max_results]:
+        results.append({
+            "title": result.get("title", ""),
+            "url": result.get("url", ""),
+            "snippet": result.get("content", ""),
+            "provider": "searxng"
+        })
+    return results
+
+
+# Provider configuration: (name, check_func, search_func)
+SEARCH_PROVIDERS = [
+    ("tavily", _check_tavily, _search_tavily),
+    ("exa", _check_exa, _search_exa),
+    ("youdotcom", _check_youdotcom, _search_youdotcom),
+    ("duckduckgo", _check_duckduckgo, _search_duckduckgo),
+    ("searxng", _check_searxng, _search_searxng),
+]
+
+
+def search_web(
+    query: str,
+    max_results: int = 5,
+    providers: Optional[List[str]] = None,
+    searxng_url: Optional[str] = None,
+) -> List[Dict[str, Any]]:
+    """Search the web using multiple providers with automatic fallback.
+    
+    Tries each search provider in order until one succeeds. For each provider,
+    it first checks if the API key is set (if required) and if the package is
+    installed, then attempts the search. If the search fails, it moves to the
+    next provider.
+    
+    Args:
+        query: The search query string
+        max_results: Maximum number of results to return (default: 5)
+        providers: Optional list of provider names to try, in order.
+                  If not specified, uses default order:
+                  ["tavily", "exa", "youdotcom", "duckduckgo", "searxng"]
+        searxng_url: Optional custom SearxNG instance URL
+        
+    Returns:
+        List of search results, each containing:
+        - title: Result title
+        - url: Result URL
+        - snippet: Result description/snippet
+        - provider: Name of the provider that returned the result
+        
+        If all providers fail, returns a list with a single error dict.
+        
+    Example:
+        # Use default provider order
+        results = search_web("AI news 2024")
+        
+        # Specify providers to try
+        results = search_web("Python tutorials", providers=["duckduckgo", "tavily"])
+        
+        # With custom SearxNG URL
+        results = search_web("tech news", searxng_url="http://my-searxng:8080/search")
+    """
+    errors = []
+    
+    # Determine which providers to try
+    if providers:
+        # Filter to only valid provider names
+        provider_order = []
+        for name in providers:
+            for pname, check_fn, search_fn in SEARCH_PROVIDERS:
+                if pname == name.lower():
+                    provider_order.append((pname, check_fn, search_fn))
+                    break
+    else:
+        provider_order = SEARCH_PROVIDERS
+    
+    for provider_name, check_func, search_func in provider_order:
+        # Step 1: Check if provider is available (API key + package)
+        is_available, check_error = check_func()
+        if not is_available:
+            logger.debug(f"Skipping {provider_name}: {check_error}")
+            errors.append(f"{provider_name}: {check_error}")
+            continue
+        
+        # Step 2: Try to search
+        try:
+            logger.debug(f"Trying {provider_name} for query: {query}")
+            
+            if provider_name == "searxng":
+                results = search_func(query, max_results, searxng_url)
+            else:
+                results = search_func(query, max_results)
+            
+            if results:
+                logger.info(f"search_web: Successfully used {provider_name}")
+                return results
+            else:
+                errors.append(f"{provider_name}: No results returned")
+                
+        except Exception as e:
+            error_msg = f"{provider_name}: {str(e)}"
+            logger.debug(f"Search failed with {provider_name}: {e}")
+            errors.append(error_msg)
+            continue
+    
+    # All providers failed
+    error_summary = "; ".join(errors) if errors else "No search providers available"
+    logger.error(f"search_web: All providers failed - {error_summary}")
+    return [{"error": f"All search providers failed: {error_summary}"}]
+
+
+def get_available_providers() -> List[Dict[str, Any]]:
+    """Get list of available search providers and their status.
+    
+    Returns:
+        List of dicts with provider info:
+        - name: Provider name
+        - available: Whether the provider is ready to use
+        - reason: Reason if not available
+        
+    Example:
+        providers = get_available_providers()
+        for p in providers:
+            print(f"{p['name']}: {'✓' if p['available'] else '✗'} {p.get('reason', '')}")
+    """
+    result = []
+    for name, check_func, _ in SEARCH_PROVIDERS:
+        is_available, error = check_func()
+        result.append({
+            "name": name,
+            "available": is_available,
+            "reason": error if not is_available else None
+        })
+    return result
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    # Example usage and provider status check
+    print("=" * 60)
+    print("Web Search Tool - Provider Status")
+    print("=" * 60)
+    
+    providers = get_available_providers()
+    for p in providers:
+        status = "✓ Available" if p["available"] else f"✗ {p['reason']}"
+        print(f"  {p['name']:12} {status}")
+    
+    print("\n" + "=" * 60)
+    print("Testing search_web...")
+    print("=" * 60)
+    
+    results = search_web("Python programming", max_results=3)
+    if results and "error" not in results[0]:
+        print(f"\nFound {len(results)} results using {results[0].get('provider', 'unknown')}:")
+        for r in results:
+            print(f"\n  Title: {r.get('title', 'N/A')[:50]}...")
+            print(f"  URL: {r.get('url', 'N/A')}")
+    else:
+        print(f"\nSearch failed: {results}")

src/praisonai-agents/praisonaiagents/ui/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+"""
+UI Integrations for PraisonAI Agents
+
+This module provides UI protocol integrations for exposing PraisonAI Agents
+via various frontend protocols.
+
+Available integrations:
+- agui: AG-UI (Agent-User Interface) protocol for CopilotKit and compatible frontends
+"""
+
+from praisonaiagents.ui.agui import AGUI
+
+__all__ = ["AGUI"]

src/praisonai-agents/praisonaiagents/ui/a2a/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+"""
+A2A Protocol Integration for PraisonAI Agents
+
+This module provides A2A (Agent2Agent) protocol support,
+enabling PraisonAI Agents to be exposed as A2A Servers
+for agent-to-agent communication.
+
+Usage:
+    from praisonaiagents import Agent
+    from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a import A2A
+    from fastapi import FastAPI
+
+    agent = Agent(name="Assistant", role="Helper", goal="Help users")
+    a2a = A2A(agent=agent)
+
+    app = FastAPI()
+    app.include_router(a2a.get_router())
+    
+    # Agent Card available at: GET /.well-known/agent.json
+    # A2A endpoint at: POST /a2a (JSON-RPC)
+"""
+
+from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a.a2a import A2A
+from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a.types import (
+    # Enums
+    TaskState,
+    Role,
+    # Part types
+    TextPart,
+    FilePart,
+    DataPart,
+    # Core types
+    Message,
+    TaskStatus,
+    Task,
+    Artifact,
+    # Agent Card types
+    AgentSkill,
+    AgentCapabilities,
+    AgentCard,
+    # Request/Response types
+    MessageConfig,
+    SendMessageRequest,
+    # Streaming events
+    TaskStatusUpdateEvent,
+    TaskArtifactUpdateEvent,
+)
+
+__all__ = [
+    # Main class
+    "A2A",
+    # Enums
+    "TaskState",
+    "Role",
+    # Part types
+    "TextPart",
+    "FilePart",
+    "DataPart",
+    # Core types
+    "Message",
+    "TaskStatus",
+    "Task",
+    "Artifact",
+    # Agent Card types
+    "AgentSkill",
+    "AgentCapabilities",
+    "AgentCard",
+    # Request/Response types
+    "MessageConfig",
+    "SendMessageRequest",
+    # Streaming events
+    "TaskStatusUpdateEvent",
+    "TaskArtifactUpdateEvent",
+]

src/praisonai-agents/praisonaiagents/ui/a2a/a2a.py

@@ -0,0 +1,154 @@
+"""
+A2A - Main A2A Interface Class
+
+Exposes PraisonAI Agents via the A2A (Agent2Agent) protocol.
+"""
+
+import logging
+from typing import List, Optional, TYPE_CHECKING
+
+from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a.types import AgentCard
+from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a.agent_card import generate_agent_card
+from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a.task_store import TaskStore
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from praisonaiagents import Agent, PraisonAIAgents
+    from fastapi import APIRouter
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+class A2A:
+    """
+    A2A Interface for PraisonAI Agents.
+    
+    Exposes a PraisonAI Agent or PraisonAIAgents workflow via the A2A protocol,
+    enabling agent-to-agent communication with other A2A-compatible systems.
+    
+    Usage:
+        from praisonaiagents import Agent
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a import A2A
+        from fastapi import FastAPI
+        
+        agent = Agent(name="Assistant", role="Helper", goal="Help users")
+        a2a = A2A(agent=agent, url="http://localhost:8000/a2a")
+        
+        app = FastAPI()
+        app.include_router(a2a.get_router())
+        
+        # Agent Card at: GET /.well-known/agent.json
+        # A2A endpoint at: POST /a2a
+    
+    Args:
+        agent: Single PraisonAI Agent instance
+        agents: PraisonAIAgents instance for multi-agent workflows
+        name: Name for the A2A endpoint (defaults to agent name)
+        description: Description of the agent
+        url: URL where the A2A endpoint is hosted
+        version: Version string for the agent
+        prefix: URL prefix for the router
+        tags: OpenAPI tags for the router
+    """
+    
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        agent: Optional["Agent"] = None,
+        agents: Optional["PraisonAIAgents"] = None,
+        name: Optional[str] = None,
+        description: Optional[str] = None,
+        url: str = "http://localhost:8000/a2a",
+        version: str = "1.0.0",
+        prefix: str = "",
+        tags: Optional[List[str]] = None,
+    ):
+        if agent is None and agents is None:
+            raise ValueError("A2A requires an agent or agents instance")
+        
+        self.agent = agent
+        self.agents = agents
+        self.url = url
+        self.version = version
+        self.prefix = prefix
+        self.tags = tags or ["A2A"]
+        
+        # Set name from agent if not provided
+        if name:
+            self.name = name
+        elif agent and hasattr(agent, 'name'):
+            self.name = agent.name
+        elif agents and hasattr(agents, 'name'):
+            self.name = agents.name
+        else:
+            self.name = "PraisonAI Agent"
+        
+        # Set description
+        if description:
+            self.description = description
+        elif agent and hasattr(agent, 'role'):
+            self.description = agent.role
+        else:
+            self.description = "PraisonAI Agent via A2A"
+        
+        # Initialize task store
+        self.task_store = TaskStore()
+        
+        # Router cache
+        self._router: Optional["APIRouter"] = None
+        self._agent_card: Optional[AgentCard] = None
+    
+    def get_agent_card(self) -> AgentCard:
+        """
+        Get the Agent Card for this A2A instance.
+        
+        Returns:
+            AgentCard object for A2A discovery
+        """
+        if self._agent_card is None:
+            self._agent_card = generate_agent_card(
+                agent=self.agent,
+                url=self.url,
+                version=self.version,
+                streaming=True,
+            )
+        return self._agent_card
+    
+    def get_router(self) -> "APIRouter":
+        """
+        Get the FastAPI router for this A2A instance.
+        
+        Returns:
+            FastAPI APIRouter with A2A endpoints
+        """
+        if self._router is None:
+            self._router = self._create_router()
+        return self._router
+    
+    def _create_router(self) -> "APIRouter":
+        """Create FastAPI router with A2A endpoints."""
+        from fastapi import APIRouter
+        from fastapi.responses import JSONResponse
+        
+        router = APIRouter(prefix=self.prefix, tags=self.tags)
+        
+        # Agent Card endpoint (well-known URI)
+        @router.get("/.well-known/agent.json")
+        async def get_agent_card():
+            """Return the Agent Card for discovery."""
+            card = self.get_agent_card()
+            return JSONResponse(content=card.model_dump(by_alias=True, exclude_none=True))
+        
+        # Status endpoint
+        @router.get("/status")
+        async def get_status():
+            """Return server status."""
+            return {
+                "status": "ok",
+                "name": self.name,
+                "version": self.version,
+            }
+        
+        # TODO: Add JSON-RPC endpoint for message/send
+        # TODO: Add streaming endpoint for message/stream
+        # TODO: Add task management endpoints
+        
+        return router

src/praisonai-agents/praisonaiagents/ui/a2a/agent_card.py

@@ -0,0 +1,123 @@
+"""
+A2A Agent Card Generation
+
+Generate Agent Cards from PraisonAI Agents for A2A discovery.
+"""
+
+import inspect
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, List, Optional
+
+from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a.types import (
+    AgentCard,
+    AgentCapabilities,
+    AgentSkill,
+)
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from praisonaiagents import Agent
+
+
+def extract_skills_from_tools(tools: Optional[List]) -> List[AgentSkill]:
+    """
+    Extract AgentSkill objects from a list of tools.
+    
+    Args:
+        tools: List of tool functions or objects
+        
+    Returns:
+        List of AgentSkill objects
+    """
+    if not tools:
+        return []
+    
+    skills = []
+    
+    for tool in tools:
+        # Skip non-callable items
+        if not callable(tool):
+            continue
+        
+        # Get function name
+        name = getattr(tool, '__name__', None)
+        if not name:
+            continue
+        
+        # Get description from docstring
+        docstring = inspect.getdoc(tool)
+        description = docstring.split('\n')[0] if docstring else f"Tool: {name}"
+        
+        # Create skill
+        skill = AgentSkill(
+            id=name,
+            name=name,
+            description=description,
+            tags=["tool"],
+        )
+        skills.append(skill)
+    
+    return skills
+
+
+def generate_agent_card(
+    agent: "Agent",
+    url: str,
+    version: str = "1.0.0",
+    streaming: bool = False,
+    push_notifications: bool = False,
+) -> AgentCard:
+    """
+    Generate an A2A Agent Card from a PraisonAI Agent.
+    
+    Args:
+        agent: PraisonAI Agent instance
+        url: URL where the A2A endpoint is hosted
+        version: Version string for the agent
+        streaming: Whether streaming is supported
+        push_notifications: Whether push notifications are supported
+        
+    Returns:
+        AgentCard object for A2A discovery
+    """
+    # Get agent name
+    name = getattr(agent, 'name', None) or "PraisonAI Agent"
+    
+    # Build description from role, goal, or instructions
+    description_parts = []
+    
+    role = getattr(agent, 'role', None)
+    if role:
+        description_parts.append(role)
+    
+    goal = getattr(agent, 'goal', None)
+    if goal:
+        description_parts.append(goal)
+    
+    instructions = getattr(agent, 'instructions', None)
+    if instructions and not description_parts:
+        # Use first line of instructions if no role/goal
+        description_parts.append(instructions.split('\n')[0][:200])
+    
+    description = ". ".join(description_parts) if description_parts else "PraisonAI Agent"
+    
+    # Extract skills from tools
+    tools = getattr(agent, 'tools', None)
+    skills = extract_skills_from_tools(tools)
+    
+    # Build capabilities
+    capabilities = AgentCapabilities(
+        streaming=streaming,
+        push_notifications=push_notifications,
+    )
+    
+    # Create Agent Card
+    card = AgentCard(
+        name=name,
+        url=url,
+        version=version,
+        description=description,
+        capabilities=capabilities,
+        skills=skills if skills else None,
+        provider={"name": "PraisonAI"},
+    )
+    
+    return card

src/praisonai-agents/praisonaiagents/ui/a2a/conversion.py

@@ -0,0 +1,131 @@
+"""
+A2A Message Conversion
+
+Convert between A2A protocol messages and PraisonAI internal format.
+"""
+
+import uuid
+from typing import Any, Dict, List, Optional
+
+from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a.types import (
+    Message,
+    Role,
+    TextPart,
+    Artifact,
+)
+
+
+def a2a_to_praisonai_messages(messages: List[Message]) -> List[Dict[str, Any]]:
+    """
+    Convert A2A messages to PraisonAI/OpenAI chat format.
+    
+    Args:
+        messages: List of A2A Message objects
+        
+    Returns:
+        List of dicts in OpenAI chat format {"role": ..., "content": ...}
+    """
+    result = []
+    
+    for msg in messages:
+        # Map A2A role to OpenAI role
+        role = "user" if msg.role == Role.USER else "assistant"
+        
+        # Combine all text parts
+        content_parts = []
+        for part in msg.parts:
+            if isinstance(part, TextPart):
+                content_parts.append(part.text)
+            elif hasattr(part, 'text'):
+                content_parts.append(part.text)
+        
+        content = " ".join(content_parts)
+        
+        result.append({
+            "role": role,
+            "content": content,
+        })
+    
+    return result
+
+
+def praisonai_to_a2a_message(
+    response: str,
+    message_id: Optional[str] = None,
+    context_id: Optional[str] = None,
+    task_id: Optional[str] = None,
+) -> Message:
+    """
+    Convert PraisonAI response to A2A Message.
+    
+    Args:
+        response: Text response from agent
+        message_id: Optional message ID (auto-generated if not provided)
+        context_id: Optional context ID
+        task_id: Optional task ID
+        
+    Returns:
+        A2A Message object
+    """
+    msg_id = message_id or f"msg-{uuid.uuid4().hex[:12]}"
+    
+    return Message(
+        message_id=msg_id,
+        role=Role.AGENT,
+        parts=[TextPart(text=response)],
+        context_id=context_id,
+        task_id=task_id,
+    )
+
+
+def create_artifact(
+    content: str,
+    artifact_id: Optional[str] = None,
+    name: Optional[str] = None,
+    description: Optional[str] = None,
+) -> Artifact:
+    """
+    Create an A2A Artifact from response content.
+    
+    Args:
+        content: Text content for the artifact
+        artifact_id: Optional artifact ID (auto-generated if not provided)
+        name: Optional artifact name
+        description: Optional artifact description
+        
+    Returns:
+        A2A Artifact object
+    """
+    art_id = artifact_id or f"art-{uuid.uuid4().hex[:12]}"
+    
+    return Artifact(
+        artifact_id=art_id,
+        name=name,
+        description=description,
+        parts=[TextPart(text=content)],
+    )
+
+
+def extract_user_input(messages: List[Message]) -> str:
+    """
+    Extract the last user input from a list of messages.
+    
+    Args:
+        messages: List of A2A Message objects
+        
+    Returns:
+        Text content of the last user message, or empty string if none
+    """
+    # Find the last user message
+    for msg in reversed(messages):
+        if msg.role == Role.USER:
+            # Combine text parts
+            content_parts = []
+            for part in msg.parts:
+                if isinstance(part, TextPart):
+                    content_parts.append(part.text)
+                elif hasattr(part, 'text'):
+                    content_parts.append(part.text)
+            return " ".join(content_parts)
+    
+    return ""

src/praisonai-agents/praisonaiagents/ui/a2a/streaming.py

@@ -0,0 +1,189 @@
+"""
+A2A Streaming Events
+
+SSE streaming support for A2A task updates.
+"""
+
+import json
+from typing import AsyncIterator, Optional
+
+from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a.types import (
+    Task,
+    TaskState,
+    TaskStatus,
+    TaskStatusUpdateEvent,
+    TaskArtifactUpdateEvent,
+    Artifact,
+    TextPart,
+)
+
+
+class A2AEventEncoder:
+    """Encode A2A events for SSE streaming."""
+    
+    @staticmethod
+    def encode_event(event_type: str, data: dict) -> str:
+        """
+        Encode an event for SSE streaming.
+        
+        Args:
+            event_type: Type of event (e.g., "task.status", "task.artifact")
+            data: Event data as dict
+            
+        Returns:
+            SSE-formatted string
+        """
+        json_data = json.dumps(data, default=str)
+        return f"event: {event_type}\ndata: {json_data}\n\n"
+    
+    @staticmethod
+    def encode_task_status(event: TaskStatusUpdateEvent) -> str:
+        """Encode TaskStatusUpdateEvent for SSE."""
+        data = event.model_dump(by_alias=True, exclude_none=True)
+        return A2AEventEncoder.encode_event("task.status", data)
+    
+    @staticmethod
+    def encode_task_artifact(event: TaskArtifactUpdateEvent) -> str:
+        """Encode TaskArtifactUpdateEvent for SSE."""
+        data = event.model_dump(by_alias=True, exclude_none=True)
+        return A2AEventEncoder.encode_event("task.artifact", data)
+    
+    @staticmethod
+    def encode_task(task: Task) -> str:
+        """Encode Task object for SSE."""
+        data = task.model_dump(by_alias=True, exclude_none=True)
+        return A2AEventEncoder.encode_event("task", data)
+    
+    @staticmethod
+    def encode_done() -> str:
+        """Encode stream completion event."""
+        return "event: done\ndata: {}\n\n"
+
+
+def create_status_event(
+    task_id: str,
+    state: TaskState,
+    context_id: Optional[str] = None,
+    final: bool = False,
+) -> TaskStatusUpdateEvent:
+    """
+    Create a TaskStatusUpdateEvent.
+    
+    Args:
+        task_id: Task ID
+        state: New task state
+        context_id: Optional context ID
+        final: Whether this is the final event
+        
+    Returns:
+        TaskStatusUpdateEvent
+    """
+    return TaskStatusUpdateEvent(
+        task_id=task_id,
+        context_id=context_id,
+        status=TaskStatus(state=state),
+        final=final,
+    )
+
+
+def create_artifact_event(
+    task_id: str,
+    content: str,
+    artifact_id: Optional[str] = None,
+    context_id: Optional[str] = None,
+    append: bool = False,
+    last_chunk: bool = False,
+) -> TaskArtifactUpdateEvent:
+    """
+    Create a TaskArtifactUpdateEvent.
+    
+    Args:
+        task_id: Task ID
+        content: Artifact content
+        artifact_id: Optional artifact ID
+        context_id: Optional context ID
+        append: Whether to append to existing artifact
+        last_chunk: Whether this is the last chunk
+        
+    Returns:
+        TaskArtifactUpdateEvent
+    """
+    import uuid
+    art_id = artifact_id or f"art-{uuid.uuid4().hex[:12]}"
+    
+    artifact = Artifact(
+        artifact_id=art_id,
+        parts=[TextPart(text=content)],
+    )
+    
+    return TaskArtifactUpdateEvent(
+        task_id=task_id,
+        context_id=context_id,
+        artifact=artifact,
+        append=append,
+        last_chunk=last_chunk,
+    )
+
+
+async def stream_agent_response(
+    agent,
+    user_input: str,
+    task_id: str,
+    context_id: Optional[str] = None,
+) -> AsyncIterator[str]:
+    """
+    Stream agent response as A2A events.
+    
+    Args:
+        agent: PraisonAI Agent instance
+        user_input: User input text
+        task_id: Task ID
+        context_id: Optional context ID
+        
+    Yields:
+        SSE-formatted event strings
+    """
+    encoder = A2AEventEncoder()
+    
+    # Emit working status
+    working_event = create_status_event(
+        task_id=task_id,
+        state=TaskState.WORKING,
+        context_id=context_id,
+    )
+    yield encoder.encode_task_status(working_event)
+    
+    try:
+        # Get response from agent
+        response = agent.chat(user_input)
+        
+        # Emit artifact with response
+        artifact_event = create_artifact_event(
+            task_id=task_id,
+            content=str(response),
+            context_id=context_id,
+            last_chunk=True,
+        )
+        yield encoder.encode_task_artifact(artifact_event)
+        
+        # Emit completed status
+        completed_event = create_status_event(
+            task_id=task_id,
+            state=TaskState.COMPLETED,
+            context_id=context_id,
+            final=True,
+        )
+        yield encoder.encode_task_status(completed_event)
+        
+    except Exception:
+        # Emit failed status
+        failed_event = create_status_event(
+            task_id=task_id,
+            state=TaskState.FAILED,
+            context_id=context_id,
+            final=True,
+        )
+        yield encoder.encode_task_status(failed_event)
+    
+    # Emit done
+    yield encoder.encode_done()

src/praisonai-agents/praisonaiagents/ui/a2a/task_store.py

@@ -0,0 +1,209 @@
+"""
+A2A Task Store
+
+In-memory storage for A2A Task lifecycle management.
+"""
+
+import uuid
+from datetime import datetime, timezone
+from typing import Dict, List, Optional
+
+from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a.types import (
+    Task,
+    TaskState,
+    TaskStatus,
+    Message,
+    Artifact,
+)
+
+
+class TaskStore:
+    """
+    In-memory store for A2A Tasks.
+    
+    Manages task lifecycle including creation, status updates,
+    artifact storage, and message history.
+    """
+    
+    def __init__(self):
+        """Initialize empty task store."""
+        self._tasks: Dict[str, Task] = {}
+    
+    def create_task(self, message: Message, context_id: Optional[str] = None) -> Task:
+        """
+        Create a new task from an incoming message.
+        
+        Args:
+            message: The initial message that triggers the task
+            context_id: Optional context ID (uses message's context_id if not provided)
+            
+        Returns:
+            Newly created Task in SUBMITTED state
+        """
+        task_id = f"task-{uuid.uuid4().hex[:12]}"
+        ctx_id = context_id or message.context_id
+        
+        # Create initial status
+        status = TaskStatus(
+            state=TaskState.SUBMITTED,
+            timestamp=datetime.now(timezone.utc).isoformat(),
+        )
+        
+        # Create task with initial message in history
+        task = Task(
+            id=task_id,
+            context_id=ctx_id,
+            status=status,
+            history=[message],
+            artifacts=None,
+        )
+        
+        self._tasks[task_id] = task
+        return task
+    
+    def get_task(self, task_id: str) -> Optional[Task]:
+        """
+        Retrieve a task by its ID.
+        
+        Args:
+            task_id: The task ID to look up
+            
+        Returns:
+            Task if found, None otherwise
+        """
+        return self._tasks.get(task_id)
+    
+    def update_status(
+        self, 
+        task_id: str, 
+        state: TaskState,
+        message: Optional[Message] = None,
+    ) -> Optional[Task]:
+        """
+        Update the status of a task.
+        
+        Args:
+            task_id: The task ID to update
+            state: New task state
+            message: Optional status message
+            
+        Returns:
+            Updated Task if found, None otherwise
+        """
+        task = self._tasks.get(task_id)
+        if not task:
+            return None
+        
+        # Create new status
+        new_status = TaskStatus(
+            state=state,
+            message=message,
+            timestamp=datetime.now(timezone.utc).isoformat(),
+        )
+        
+        # Update task (create new instance for immutability)
+        updated = Task(
+            id=task.id,
+            context_id=task.context_id,
+            status=new_status,
+            artifacts=task.artifacts,
+            history=task.history,
+            metadata=task.metadata,
+        )
+        
+        self._tasks[task_id] = updated
+        return updated
+    
+    def add_artifact(self, task_id: str, artifact: Artifact) -> Optional[Task]:
+        """
+        Add an artifact to a task.
+        
+        Args:
+            task_id: The task ID to update
+            artifact: Artifact to add
+            
+        Returns:
+            Updated Task if found, None otherwise
+        """
+        task = self._tasks.get(task_id)
+        if not task:
+            return None
+        
+        # Get existing artifacts or create new list
+        artifacts = list(task.artifacts) if task.artifacts else []
+        artifacts.append(artifact)
+        
+        # Update task
+        updated = Task(
+            id=task.id,
+            context_id=task.context_id,
+            status=task.status,
+            artifacts=artifacts,
+            history=task.history,
+            metadata=task.metadata,
+        )
+        
+        self._tasks[task_id] = updated
+        return updated
+    
+    def add_to_history(self, task_id: str, message: Message) -> Optional[Task]:
+        """
+        Add a message to task history.
+        
+        Args:
+            task_id: The task ID to update
+            message: Message to add to history
+            
+        Returns:
+            Updated Task if found, None otherwise
+        """
+        task = self._tasks.get(task_id)
+        if not task:
+            return None
+        
+        # Get existing history or create new list
+        history = list(task.history) if task.history else []
+        history.append(message)
+        
+        # Update task
+        updated = Task(
+            id=task.id,
+            context_id=task.context_id,
+            status=task.status,
+            artifacts=task.artifacts,
+            history=history,
+            metadata=task.metadata,
+        )
+        
+        self._tasks[task_id] = updated
+        return updated
+    
+    def list_tasks(self, context_id: Optional[str] = None) -> List[Task]:
+        """
+        List all tasks, optionally filtered by context.
+        
+        Args:
+            context_id: Optional context ID to filter by
+            
+        Returns:
+            List of tasks
+        """
+        if context_id:
+            return [t for t in self._tasks.values() if t.context_id == context_id]
+        return list(self._tasks.values())
+    
+    def cancel_task(self, task_id: str) -> Optional[Task]:
+        """
+        Cancel a task.
+        
+        Args:
+            task_id: The task ID to cancel
+            
+        Returns:
+            Updated Task if found, None otherwise
+        """
+        return self.update_status(task_id, TaskState.CANCELLED)
+    
+    def clear(self):
+        """Clear all tasks from the store."""
+        self._tasks.clear()

src/praisonai-agents/praisonaiagents/ui/a2a/types.py

@@ -0,0 +1,266 @@
+"""
+A2A Protocol Types
+
+Pydantic models for the Agent2Agent (A2A) protocol.
+Based on the A2A Protocol Specification v1.0.
+"""
+
+from enum import Enum
+from typing import Any, Dict, List, Optional, Union
+from pydantic import BaseModel, ConfigDict, Field
+
+
+# =============================================================================
+# Enums
+# =============================================================================
+
+class TaskState(str, Enum):
+    """
+    Defines the possible lifecycle states of a Task.
+    
+    Based on A2A Protocol Specification Section 4.1.3.
+    """
+    SUBMITTED = "submitted"
+    WORKING = "working"
+    COMPLETED = "completed"
+    FAILED = "failed"
+    CANCELLED = "cancelled"
+    INPUT_REQUIRED = "input_required"
+    AUTH_REQUIRED = "auth_required"
+
+
+class Role(str, Enum):
+    """
+    Defines the sender of a message in A2A protocol communication.
+    
+    Based on A2A Protocol Specification Section 4.1.5.
+    """
+    USER = "user"
+    AGENT = "agent"
+
+
+# =============================================================================
+# Part Types
+# =============================================================================
+
+class TextPart(BaseModel):
+    """
+    A text content part.
+    
+    Based on A2A Protocol Specification Section 4.1.6.
+    """
+    text: str
+    metadata: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = None
+
+
+class FilePart(BaseModel):
+    """
+    A file content part.
+    
+    Can contain either a URI reference or inline bytes.
+    Based on A2A Protocol Specification Section 4.1.7.
+    """
+    file_uri: Optional[str] = Field(default=None, alias="fileWithUri")
+    file_bytes: Optional[bytes] = Field(default=None, alias="fileWithBytes")
+    media_type: Optional[str] = Field(default=None, alias="mediaType")
+    name: Optional[str] = None
+    metadata: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = None
+    
+    model_config = ConfigDict(populate_by_name=True)
+
+
+class DataPart(BaseModel):
+    """
+    A structured data part (JSON blob).
+    
+    Based on A2A Protocol Specification Section 4.1.8.
+    """
+    data: Dict[str, Any]
+    metadata: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = None
+
+
+# Union type for all Part types
+Part = Union[TextPart, FilePart, DataPart]
+
+
+# =============================================================================
+# Core Types
+# =============================================================================
+
+class Message(BaseModel):
+    """
+    A communication turn between client and server.
+    
+    Based on A2A Protocol Specification Section 4.1.4.
+    """
+    model_config = ConfigDict(populate_by_name=True)
+    
+    message_id: str = Field(alias="messageId")
+    role: Role
+    parts: List[Part]
+    context_id: Optional[str] = Field(default=None, alias="contextId")
+    task_id: Optional[str] = Field(default=None, alias="taskId")
+    metadata: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = None
+    extensions: Optional[Dict[str, str]] = None
+    reference_task_ids: Optional[List[str]] = Field(default=None, alias="referenceTaskIds")
+
+
+class TaskStatus(BaseModel):
+    """
+    Container for the status of a task.
+    
+    Based on A2A Protocol Specification Section 4.1.2.
+    """
+    state: TaskState
+    message: Optional[Message] = None
+    timestamp: Optional[str] = None
+
+
+class Artifact(BaseModel):
+    """
+    An output generated by the agent as a result of a task.
+    
+    Based on A2A Protocol Specification Section 4.1.9.
+    """
+    model_config = ConfigDict(populate_by_name=True)
+    
+    artifact_id: str = Field(alias="artifactId")
+    name: Optional[str] = None
+    description: Optional[str] = None
+    parts: List[Part]
+    metadata: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = None
+    extensions: Optional[Dict[str, str]] = None
+
+
+class Task(BaseModel):
+    """
+    The core unit of action for A2A.
+    
+    Based on A2A Protocol Specification Section 4.1.1.
+    """
+    model_config = ConfigDict(populate_by_name=True)
+    
+    id: str
+    context_id: Optional[str] = Field(default=None, alias="contextId")
+    status: TaskStatus
+    artifacts: Optional[List[Artifact]] = None
+    history: Optional[List[Message]] = None
+    metadata: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = None
+
+
+# =============================================================================
+# Agent Card Types
+# =============================================================================
+
+class AgentSkill(BaseModel):
+    """
+    Describes a skill/capability of an agent.
+    
+    Based on A2A Protocol Specification Section 4.4.
+    """
+    model_config = ConfigDict(populate_by_name=True)
+    
+    id: str
+    name: str
+    description: str
+    tags: Optional[List[str]] = None
+    examples: Optional[List[str]] = None
+    input_modes: Optional[List[str]] = Field(default=None, alias="inputModes")
+    output_modes: Optional[List[str]] = Field(default=None, alias="outputModes")
+
+
+class AgentCapabilities(BaseModel):
+    """
+    Describes the capabilities of an agent.
+    
+    Based on A2A Protocol Specification Section 4.4.
+    """
+    model_config = ConfigDict(populate_by_name=True)
+    
+    streaming: bool = False
+    push_notifications: bool = Field(default=False, alias="pushNotifications")
+    state_transition_history: bool = Field(default=False, alias="stateTransitionHistory")
+
+
+class AgentCard(BaseModel):
+    """
+    JSON metadata document describing an agent.
+    
+    Published by an A2A Server for discovery.
+    Based on A2A Protocol Specification Section 8.
+    """
+    model_config = ConfigDict(populate_by_name=True)
+    
+    name: str
+    url: str
+    version: str
+    description: Optional[str] = None
+    capabilities: AgentCapabilities
+    skills: Optional[List[AgentSkill]] = None
+    default_input_modes: Optional[List[str]] = Field(default=None, alias="defaultInputModes")
+    default_output_modes: Optional[List[str]] = Field(default=None, alias="defaultOutputModes")
+    provider: Optional[Dict[str, str]] = None
+    documentation_url: Optional[str] = Field(default=None, alias="documentationUrl")
+
+
+# =============================================================================
+# Request/Response Types
+# =============================================================================
+
+class MessageConfig(BaseModel):
+    """
+    Configuration for message sending.
+    
+    Based on A2A Protocol Specification Section 3.2.
+    """
+    model_config = ConfigDict(populate_by_name=True)
+    
+    accept_content_types: Optional[List[str]] = Field(default=None, alias="acceptContentTypes")
+    blocking: Optional[bool] = None
+    history_length: Optional[int] = Field(default=None, alias="historyLength")
+
+
+class SendMessageRequest(BaseModel):
+    """
+    Request to send a message to an agent.
+    
+    Based on A2A Protocol Specification Section 3.1.1.
+    """
+    message: Message
+    configuration: Optional[MessageConfig] = None
+    metadata: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = None
+
+
+# =============================================================================
+# Streaming Event Types
+# =============================================================================
+
+class TaskStatusUpdateEvent(BaseModel):
+    """
+    Event sent by agent to notify client of task status change.
+    
+    Based on A2A Protocol Specification Section 4.2.1.
+    """
+    model_config = ConfigDict(populate_by_name=True)
+    
+    task_id: str = Field(alias="taskId")
+    context_id: Optional[str] = Field(default=None, alias="contextId")
+    status: TaskStatus
+    final: bool = False
+    metadata: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = None
+
+
+class TaskArtifactUpdateEvent(BaseModel):
+    """
+    Event sent when an artifact is generated.
+    
+    Based on A2A Protocol Specification Section 4.2.2.
+    """
+    model_config = ConfigDict(populate_by_name=True)
+    
+    task_id: str = Field(alias="taskId")
+    context_id: Optional[str] = Field(default=None, alias="contextId")
+    artifact: Artifact
+    append: bool = False
+    last_chunk: bool = Field(default=False, alias="lastChunk")
+    metadata: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = None

src/praisonai-agents/praisonaiagents/ui/a2ui/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,126 @@
+"""
+A2UI (Agent-to-User Interface) Protocol Integration for PraisonAI Agents
+
+This module provides A2UI protocol support, enabling PraisonAI Agents
+to generate rich, interactive UIs declaratively via JSON.
+
+A2UI is Google's open standard that allows agents to "speak UI" by sending
+declarative JSON describing UI components, which clients then render natively.
+
+Usage:
+    from praisonaiagents.ui.a2ui import (
+        # Message types
+        CreateSurfaceMessage,
+        UpdateComponentsMessage,
+        UpdateDataModelMessage,
+        DeleteSurfaceMessage,
+        # Component types
+        TextComponent,
+        ImageComponent,
+        ButtonComponent,
+        CardComponent,
+        RowComponent,
+        ColumnComponent,
+        # Extension helpers
+        create_a2ui_part,
+        is_a2ui_part,
+    )
+"""
+
+from praisonaiagents.ui.a2ui.types import (
+    # Data binding
+    PathBinding,
+    resolve_string_or_path,
+    # Action types
+    ActionContext,
+    Action,
+    # Children types
+    ChildrenTemplate,
+    # Component types
+    TextComponent,
+    ImageComponent,
+    IconComponent,
+    ButtonComponent,
+    CardComponent,
+    RowComponent,
+    ColumnComponent,
+    ListComponent,
+    TextFieldComponent,
+    CheckBoxComponent,
+    SliderComponent,
+    DateTimeInputComponent,
+    # Message types
+    CreateSurfaceMessage,
+    UpdateComponentsMessage,
+    UpdateDataModelMessage,
+    DeleteSurfaceMessage,
+    # Data part
+    A2UIDataPart,
+)
+
+from praisonaiagents.ui.a2ui.extension import (
+    A2UI_MIME_TYPE,
+    A2UI_EXTENSION_URI,
+    STANDARD_CATALOG_ID,
+    create_a2ui_part,
+    is_a2ui_part,
+    get_a2ui_agent_extension,
+    AgentExtension,
+)
+
+from praisonaiagents.ui.a2ui.surface import Surface
+from praisonaiagents.ui.a2ui.agent import A2UIAgent
+from praisonaiagents.ui.a2ui.templates import (
+    ChatTemplate,
+    ListTemplate,
+    FormTemplate,
+    DashboardTemplate,
+)
+
+__all__ = [
+    # Data binding
+    "PathBinding",
+    "resolve_string_or_path",
+    # Action types
+    "ActionContext",
+    "Action",
+    # Children types
+    "ChildrenTemplate",
+    # Component types
+    "TextComponent",
+    "ImageComponent",
+    "IconComponent",
+    "ButtonComponent",
+    "CardComponent",
+    "RowComponent",
+    "ColumnComponent",
+    "ListComponent",
+    "TextFieldComponent",
+    "CheckBoxComponent",
+    "SliderComponent",
+    "DateTimeInputComponent",
+    # Message types
+    "CreateSurfaceMessage",
+    "UpdateComponentsMessage",
+    "UpdateDataModelMessage",
+    "DeleteSurfaceMessage",
+    # Data part
+    "A2UIDataPart",
+    # Extension
+    "A2UI_MIME_TYPE",
+    "A2UI_EXTENSION_URI",
+    "STANDARD_CATALOG_ID",
+    "create_a2ui_part",
+    "is_a2ui_part",
+    "get_a2ui_agent_extension",
+    "AgentExtension",
+    # Surface builder
+    "Surface",
+    # Agent wrapper
+    "A2UIAgent",
+    # Templates
+    "ChatTemplate",
+    "ListTemplate",
+    "FormTemplate",
+    "DashboardTemplate",
+]

src/praisonai-agents/praisonaiagents/ui/a2ui/agent.py

@@ -0,0 +1,358 @@
+"""
+A2UI Agent Integration
+
+Provides A2UIAgent wrapper for generating A2UI responses from PraisonAI agents.
+"""
+
+import uuid
+from typing import Any, Dict, List, Optional, TYPE_CHECKING
+
+from praisonaiagents.ui.a2ui.surface import Surface
+from praisonaiagents.ui.a2ui.types import (
+    PathBinding,
+    A2UIDataPart,
+)
+from praisonaiagents.ui.a2ui.extension import (
+    create_a2ui_part,
+    STANDARD_CATALOG_ID,
+)
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from praisonaiagents import Agent
+
+
+class A2UIAgent:
+    """
+    A2UI wrapper for PraisonAI agents.
+    
+    Provides methods to generate A2UI responses from agent interactions.
+    
+    Example:
+        >>> from praisonaiagents import Agent
+        >>> from praisonaiagents.ui.a2ui import A2UIAgent
+        >>> 
+        >>> agent = Agent(name="Assistant", role="Helper", goal="Help users")
+        >>> a2ui_agent = A2UIAgent(agent=agent)
+        >>> 
+        >>> # Render a simple text response
+        >>> messages = a2ui_agent.render_text("Hello, World!")
+        >>> 
+        >>> # Render a list of items
+        >>> messages = a2ui_agent.render_list(
+        ...     title="Results",
+        ...     items=[{"name": "Item 1"}, {"name": "Item 2"}]
+        ... )
+    """
+    
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        agent: "Agent",
+        surface_id: Optional[str] = None,
+        catalog_id: str = STANDARD_CATALOG_ID,
+    ):
+        """
+        Initialize A2UIAgent wrapper.
+        
+        Args:
+            agent: The PraisonAI Agent to wrap
+            surface_id: Unique ID for the UI surface (auto-generated if not provided)
+            catalog_id: The component catalog to use
+        """
+        self.agent = agent
+        self.surface_id = surface_id or f"surface-{uuid.uuid4().hex[:8]}"
+        self.catalog_id = catalog_id
+        self._surface: Optional[Surface] = None
+    
+    def get_surface(self) -> Surface:
+        """
+        Get the underlying Surface object.
+        
+        Creates a new Surface if one doesn't exist.
+        
+        Returns:
+            The Surface object
+        """
+        if self._surface is None:
+            self._surface = Surface(
+                surface_id=self.surface_id,
+                catalog_id=self.catalog_id,
+            )
+        return self._surface
+    
+    def _reset_surface(self) -> Surface:
+        """Reset and return a new Surface."""
+        self._surface = Surface(
+            surface_id=self.surface_id,
+            catalog_id=self.catalog_id,
+        )
+        return self._surface
+    
+    # =========================================================================
+    # Rendering methods
+    # =========================================================================
+    
+    def render_text(
+        self,
+        text: str,
+        title: Optional[str] = None,
+        usage_hint: str = "body",
+    ) -> List[Dict[str, Any]]:
+        """
+        Render a simple text response as A2UI.
+        
+        Args:
+            text: The text content to display
+            title: Optional title heading
+            usage_hint: Text style hint (h1, h2, body, caption)
+        
+        Returns:
+            List of A2UI message dictionaries
+        """
+        surface = self._reset_surface()
+        
+        children = []
+        
+        if title:
+            surface.text(id="title", text=title, usage_hint="h1")
+            children.append("title")
+        
+        surface.text(id="content", text=text, usage_hint=usage_hint)
+        children.append("content")
+        
+        # Add root column
+        surface.column(id="root", children=children)
+        
+        return surface.to_messages()
+    
+    def render_list(
+        self,
+        title: str,
+        items: List[Dict[str, Any]],
+        item_title_key: str = "title",
+        item_description_key: str = "description",
+        item_image_key: Optional[str] = None,
+        item_action: Optional[str] = None,
+    ) -> List[Dict[str, Any]]:
+        """
+        Render a list of items as A2UI cards.
+        
+        Args:
+            title: List title
+            items: List of item dictionaries
+            item_title_key: Key for item title in each dict
+            item_description_key: Key for item description
+            item_image_key: Optional key for item image URL
+            item_action: Optional action name for item buttons
+        
+        Returns:
+            List of A2UI message dictionaries
+        """
+        surface = self._reset_surface()
+        
+        # Title
+        surface.text(id="list-title", text=title, usage_hint="h1")
+        
+        # Create card for each item
+        card_ids = []
+        for i, item in enumerate(items):
+            card_id = f"card-{i}"
+            content_id = f"card-content-{i}"
+            title_id = f"item-title-{i}"
+            desc_id = f"item-desc-{i}"
+            
+            # Item title
+            surface.text(
+                id=title_id,
+                text=item.get(item_title_key, f"Item {i+1}"),
+                usage_hint="h3"
+            )
+            
+            # Item description
+            surface.text(
+                id=desc_id,
+                text=item.get(item_description_key, ""),
+                usage_hint="body"
+            )
+            
+            content_children = [title_id, desc_id]
+            
+            # Optional action button
+            if item_action:
+                btn_id = f"btn-{i}"
+                btn_text_id = f"btn-text-{i}"
+                surface.text(id=btn_text_id, text="Select")
+                surface.button(
+                    id=btn_id,
+                    child=btn_text_id,
+                    action_name=item_action,
+                    action_context=[{"key": "index", "value": i}],
+                    primary=True
+                )
+                content_children.append(btn_id)
+            
+            # Card content column
+            surface.column(id=content_id, children=content_children)
+            
+            # Card
+            surface.card(id=card_id, child=content_id)
+            card_ids.append(card_id)
+        
+        # List column
+        surface.column(id="item-list", children=card_ids)
+        
+        # Root column
+        surface.column(id="root", children=["list-title", "item-list"])
+        
+        # Set data
+        surface.set_data("items", items)
+        
+        return surface.to_messages()
+    
+    def render_form(
+        self,
+        title: str,
+        fields: List[Dict[str, str]],
+        submit_action: str = "submit",
+        submit_label: str = "Submit",
+    ) -> List[Dict[str, Any]]:
+        """
+        Render a form as A2UI.
+        
+        Args:
+            title: Form title
+            fields: List of field definitions with id, label, type
+            submit_action: Action name for submit button
+            submit_label: Label for submit button
+        
+        Returns:
+            List of A2UI message dictionaries
+        """
+        surface = self._reset_surface()
+        
+        # Title
+        surface.text(id="form-title", text=title, usage_hint="h1")
+        
+        # Fields
+        field_ids = []
+        form_data = {}
+        
+        for field in fields:
+            field_id = field.get("id", f"field-{len(field_ids)}")
+            label = field.get("label", field_id)
+            field_type = field.get("type", "text")
+            
+            surface.text_field(
+                id=field_id,
+                label=label,
+                text=PathBinding(path=f"/{field_id}"),
+                field_type=field_type,
+            )
+            field_ids.append(field_id)
+            form_data[field_id] = field.get("default", "")
+        
+        # Submit button
+        surface.text(id="submit-text", text=submit_label)
+        
+        # Build action context from fields
+        action_context = [
+            {"key": f["id"], "value": {"path": f"/{f['id']}"}}
+            for f in fields
+        ]
+        
+        surface.button(
+            id="submit-btn",
+            child="submit-text",
+            action_name=submit_action,
+            action_context=action_context,
+            primary=True,
+        )
+        field_ids.append("submit-btn")
+        
+        # Form column
+        surface.column(id="form-fields", children=field_ids)
+        
+        # Root column
+        surface.column(id="root", children=["form-title", "form-fields"])
+        
+        # Set initial form data
+        for key, value in form_data.items():
+            surface.set_data(key, value)
+        
+        return surface.to_messages()
+    
+    # =========================================================================
+    # Agent interaction methods
+    # =========================================================================
+    
+    async def chat_async(self, message: str) -> str:
+        """
+        Send a message to the agent and get a response.
+        
+        Args:
+            message: The message to send
+        
+        Returns:
+            The agent's response text
+        """
+        # Use the agent's chat method
+        if hasattr(self.agent, 'chat'):
+            response = self.agent.chat(message)
+            return response
+        elif hasattr(self.agent, 'run'):
+            response = self.agent.run(message)
+            return response
+        else:
+            raise NotImplementedError("Agent does not have chat or run method")
+    
+    def chat(self, message: str) -> str:
+        """
+        Send a message to the agent and get a response (sync).
+        
+        Args:
+            message: The message to send
+        
+        Returns:
+            The agent's response text
+        """
+        if hasattr(self.agent, 'chat'):
+            return self.agent.chat(message)
+        elif hasattr(self.agent, 'run'):
+            return self.agent.run(message)
+        else:
+            raise NotImplementedError("Agent does not have chat or run method")
+    
+    # =========================================================================
+    # Export methods
+    # =========================================================================
+    
+    def to_messages(self) -> List[Dict[str, Any]]:
+        """
+        Get the current surface as A2UI messages.
+        
+        Returns:
+            List of A2UI message dictionaries
+        """
+        return self.get_surface().to_messages()
+    
+    def to_json(self, indent: Optional[int] = None) -> str:
+        """
+        Get the current surface as JSON string.
+        
+        Args:
+            indent: JSON indentation level
+        
+        Returns:
+            JSON string of A2UI messages
+        """
+        return self.get_surface().to_json(indent=indent)
+    
+    def to_a2a_part(self) -> A2UIDataPart:
+        """
+        Get the current surface as an A2A DataPart.
+        
+        Returns:
+            A2UIDataPart with A2UI MIME type
+        """
+        messages = self.to_messages()
+        # For A2A, we send messages as a list
+        return create_a2ui_part({"messages": messages})

src/praisonai-agents/praisonaiagents/ui/a2ui/extension.py

@@ -0,0 +1,115 @@
+"""
+A2UI Extension for A2A Protocol
+
+Provides helpers for integrating A2UI with the A2A (Agent-to-Agent) protocol.
+"""
+
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+from typing import Any, Dict, Optional
+
+from praisonaiagents.ui.a2ui.types import A2UIDataPart
+
+
+# =============================================================================
+# Constants
+# =============================================================================
+
+A2UI_EXTENSION_URI = "https://a2ui.org/a2a-extension/a2ui/v0.9"
+A2UI_MIME_TYPE = "application/json+a2ui"
+STANDARD_CATALOG_ID = "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/google/A2UI/refs/heads/main/specification/0.9/json/standard_catalog_definition.json"
+
+
+# =============================================================================
+# Agent Extension Type
+# =============================================================================
+
+@dataclass
+class AgentExtension:
+    """
+    A2A Agent Extension configuration.
+    
+    Describes an extension that an agent supports.
+    """
+    uri: str
+    description: str = ""
+    params: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = None
+
+
+# =============================================================================
+# Helper Functions
+# =============================================================================
+
+def create_a2ui_part(a2ui_data: Dict[str, Any]) -> A2UIDataPart:
+    """
+    Create an A2UI data part for A2A integration.
+    
+    Wraps A2UI data in an A2UIDataPart with the appropriate MIME type.
+    
+    Args:
+        a2ui_data: The A2UI data dictionary (e.g., createSurface, updateComponents)
+    
+    Returns:
+        An A2UIDataPart with the A2UI MIME type in metadata
+    
+    Example:
+        >>> part = create_a2ui_part({"createSurface": {"surfaceId": "main", "catalogId": "..."}})
+        >>> part.metadata["mimeType"]
+        'application/json+a2ui'
+    """
+    return A2UIDataPart(
+        data=a2ui_data,
+        metadata={"mimeType": A2UI_MIME_TYPE}
+    )
+
+
+def is_a2ui_part(part: A2UIDataPart) -> bool:
+    """
+    Check if a data part contains A2UI data.
+    
+    Args:
+        part: The data part to check
+    
+    Returns:
+        True if the part contains A2UI data (has A2UI MIME type), False otherwise
+    
+    Example:
+        >>> part = create_a2ui_part({"createSurface": {...}})
+        >>> is_a2ui_part(part)
+        True
+    """
+    if not isinstance(part, A2UIDataPart):
+        return False
+    if part.metadata is None:
+        return False
+    return part.metadata.get("mimeType") == A2UI_MIME_TYPE
+
+
+def get_a2ui_agent_extension(
+    accepts_inline_custom_catalog: bool = False,
+) -> AgentExtension:
+    """
+    Create the A2UI AgentExtension configuration.
+    
+    Returns an AgentExtension that can be added to an A2A Agent Card
+    to indicate A2UI support.
+    
+    Args:
+        accepts_inline_custom_catalog: Whether the agent accepts inline custom catalogs
+    
+    Returns:
+        The configured A2UI AgentExtension
+    
+    Example:
+        >>> ext = get_a2ui_agent_extension()
+        >>> ext.uri
+        'https://a2ui.org/a2a-extension/a2ui/v0.9'
+    """
+    params: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = None
+    if accepts_inline_custom_catalog:
+        params = {"acceptsInlineCustomCatalog": True}
+    
+    return AgentExtension(
+        uri=A2UI_EXTENSION_URI,
+        description="Provides agent-driven UI using the A2UI JSON format.",
+        params=params
+    )

src/praisonai-agents/praisonaiagents/ui/a2ui/surface.py

@@ -0,0 +1,364 @@
+"""
+A2UI Surface Builder
+
+Provides a fluent API for building A2UI surfaces with components and data.
+"""
+
+import json
+from typing import Any, Dict, List, Optional
+
+from praisonaiagents.ui.a2ui.extension import STANDARD_CATALOG_ID
+from praisonaiagents.ui.a2ui.types import (
+    Component,
+    TextComponent,
+    ImageComponent,
+    ButtonComponent,
+    CardComponent,
+    RowComponent,
+    ColumnComponent,
+    ListComponent,
+    TextFieldComponent,
+    Action,
+    ActionContext,
+    PathBinding,
+    CreateSurfaceMessage,
+    UpdateComponentsMessage,
+    UpdateDataModelMessage,
+    StringOrPath,
+    ChildrenType,
+)
+
+
+class Surface:
+    """
+    A2UI Surface builder for creating rich agent-generated UIs.
+    
+    Provides a fluent API for adding components and data, then
+    generating the A2UI JSON messages.
+    
+    Example:
+        >>> surface = Surface(surface_id="main")
+        >>> surface.text(id="title", text="Hello World", usage_hint="h1")
+        >>> surface.button(id="submit", child="submit-text", action_name="submit")
+        >>> surface.set_data("title", "Hello World")
+        >>> messages = surface.to_messages()
+    """
+    
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        surface_id: str,
+        catalog_id: str = STANDARD_CATALOG_ID,
+    ):
+        """
+        Initialize a new Surface.
+        
+        Args:
+            surface_id: Unique identifier for this surface
+            catalog_id: The component catalog to use (defaults to standard catalog)
+        """
+        self.surface_id = surface_id
+        self.catalog_id = catalog_id
+        self.components: List[Component] = []
+        self.data: Dict[str, Any] = {}
+    
+    def add(self, component: Component) -> "Surface":
+        """
+        Add a component to the surface.
+        
+        Args:
+            component: The component to add
+        
+        Returns:
+            self for method chaining
+        """
+        self.components.append(component)
+        return self
+    
+    def set_data(self, key: str, value: Any) -> "Surface":
+        """
+        Set a value in the data model.
+        
+        Args:
+            key: The key in the data model
+            value: The value to set
+        
+        Returns:
+            self for method chaining
+        """
+        self.data[key] = value
+        return self
+    
+    # =========================================================================
+    # Helper methods for common components
+    # =========================================================================
+    
+    def text(
+        self,
+        id: str,
+        text: StringOrPath,
+        usage_hint: Optional[str] = None,
+        weight: Optional[float] = None,
+    ) -> "Surface":
+        """
+        Add a Text component.
+        
+        Args:
+            id: Component ID
+            text: Text content or path binding
+            usage_hint: Style hint (h1, h2, h3, body, caption)
+            weight: Flex weight
+        
+        Returns:
+            self for method chaining
+        """
+        return self.add(TextComponent(
+            id=id,
+            text=text,
+            usage_hint=usage_hint,
+            weight=weight,
+        ))
+    
+    def image(
+        self,
+        id: str,
+        url: StringOrPath,
+        fit: Optional[str] = None,
+        usage_hint: Optional[str] = None,
+        weight: Optional[float] = None,
+    ) -> "Surface":
+        """
+        Add an Image component.
+        
+        Args:
+            id: Component ID
+            url: Image URL or path binding
+            fit: Image fit (contain, cover, fill, none, scale-down)
+            usage_hint: Size hint (icon, avatar, smallFeature, etc.)
+            weight: Flex weight
+        
+        Returns:
+            self for method chaining
+        """
+        return self.add(ImageComponent(
+            id=id,
+            url=url,
+            fit=fit,
+            usage_hint=usage_hint,
+            weight=weight,
+        ))
+    
+    def button(
+        self,
+        id: str,
+        child: str,
+        action_name: Optional[str] = None,
+        action_context: Optional[List[Dict[str, Any]]] = None,
+        primary: bool = False,
+        weight: Optional[float] = None,
+    ) -> "Surface":
+        """
+        Add a Button component.
+        
+        Args:
+            id: Component ID
+            child: Child component ID (usually a Text component)
+            action_name: Name of the action to trigger
+            action_context: List of {key, value} dicts for action context
+            primary: Whether this is a primary button
+            weight: Flex weight
+        
+        Returns:
+            self for method chaining
+        """
+        action = None
+        if action_name:
+            context = []
+            if action_context:
+                for ctx in action_context:
+                    value = ctx.get("value")
+                    if isinstance(value, dict) and "path" in value:
+                        value = PathBinding(path=value["path"])
+                    context.append(ActionContext(key=ctx["key"], value=value))
+            action = Action(name=action_name, context=context)
+        
+        return self.add(ButtonComponent(
+            id=id,
+            child=child,
+            action=action,
+            primary=primary,
+            weight=weight,
+        ))
+    
+    def card(
+        self,
+        id: str,
+        child: str,
+        weight: Optional[float] = None,
+    ) -> "Surface":
+        """
+        Add a Card component.
+        
+        Args:
+            id: Component ID
+            child: Child component ID
+            weight: Flex weight
+        
+        Returns:
+            self for method chaining
+        """
+        return self.add(CardComponent(
+            id=id,
+            child=child,
+            weight=weight,
+        ))
+    
+    def row(
+        self,
+        id: str,
+        children: ChildrenType,
+        weight: Optional[float] = None,
+    ) -> "Surface":
+        """
+        Add a Row (horizontal layout) component.
+        
+        Args:
+            id: Component ID
+            children: List of child IDs or ChildrenTemplate
+            weight: Flex weight
+        
+        Returns:
+            self for method chaining
+        """
+        return self.add(RowComponent(
+            id=id,
+            children=children,
+            weight=weight,
+        ))
+    
+    def column(
+        self,
+        id: str,
+        children: ChildrenType,
+        weight: Optional[float] = None,
+    ) -> "Surface":
+        """
+        Add a Column (vertical layout) component.
+        
+        Args:
+            id: Component ID
+            children: List of child IDs or ChildrenTemplate
+            weight: Flex weight
+        
+        Returns:
+            self for method chaining
+        """
+        return self.add(ColumnComponent(
+            id=id,
+            children=children,
+            weight=weight,
+        ))
+    
+    def list(
+        self,
+        id: str,
+        children: ChildrenType,
+        direction: str = "vertical",
+        weight: Optional[float] = None,
+    ) -> "Surface":
+        """
+        Add a List component.
+        
+        Args:
+            id: Component ID
+            children: List of child IDs or ChildrenTemplate for dynamic lists
+            direction: "vertical" or "horizontal"
+            weight: Flex weight
+        
+        Returns:
+            self for method chaining
+        """
+        return self.add(ListComponent(
+            id=id,
+            children=children,
+            direction=direction,
+            weight=weight,
+        ))
+    
+    def text_field(
+        self,
+        id: str,
+        label: StringOrPath,
+        text: StringOrPath,
+        field_type: str = "text",
+        weight: Optional[float] = None,
+    ) -> "Surface":
+        """
+        Add a TextField input component.
+        
+        Args:
+            id: Component ID
+            label: Field label
+            text: Text value or path binding
+            field_type: Input type (text, number, email, etc.)
+            weight: Flex weight
+        
+        Returns:
+            self for method chaining
+        """
+        return self.add(TextFieldComponent(
+            id=id,
+            label=label,
+            text=text,
+            field_type=field_type,
+            weight=weight,
+        ))
+    
+    # =========================================================================
+    # Message generation
+    # =========================================================================
+    
+    def to_messages(self) -> List[Dict[str, Any]]:
+        """
+        Generate A2UI messages for this surface.
+        
+        Returns:
+            List of A2UI message dictionaries
+        """
+        messages: List[Dict[str, Any]] = []
+        
+        # 1. CreateSurface message
+        create_msg = CreateSurfaceMessage(
+            surface_id=self.surface_id,
+            catalog_id=self.catalog_id,
+        )
+        messages.append(create_msg.to_dict())
+        
+        # 2. UpdateComponents message (if we have components)
+        if self.components:
+            update_msg = UpdateComponentsMessage(
+                surface_id=self.surface_id,
+                components=self.components,
+            )
+            messages.append(update_msg.to_dict())
+        
+        # 3. UpdateDataModel message (if we have data)
+        if self.data:
+            data_msg = UpdateDataModelMessage(
+                surface_id=self.surface_id,
+                value=self.data,
+            )
+            messages.append(data_msg.to_dict())
+        
+        return messages
+    
+    def to_json(self, indent: Optional[int] = None) -> str:
+        """
+        Generate A2UI messages as a JSON string.
+        
+        Args:
+            indent: JSON indentation level (None for compact)
+        
+        Returns:
+            JSON string of A2UI messages
+        """
+        return json.dumps(self.to_messages(), indent=indent)

src/praisonai-agents/praisonaiagents/ui/a2ui/templates/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+"""
+A2UI Templates
+
+Pre-built UI templates for common use cases.
+"""
+
+from praisonaiagents.ui.a2ui.templates.chat import ChatTemplate
+from praisonaiagents.ui.a2ui.templates.list import ListTemplate
+from praisonaiagents.ui.a2ui.templates.form import FormTemplate
+from praisonaiagents.ui.a2ui.templates.dashboard import DashboardTemplate
+
+__all__ = [
+    "ChatTemplate",
+    "ListTemplate",
+    "FormTemplate",
+    "DashboardTemplate",
+]

src/praisonai-agents/praisonaiagents/ui/a2ui/templates/chat.py

@@ -0,0 +1,122 @@
+"""
+Chat Template for A2UI
+
+Provides a conversational chat UI template.
+"""
+
+from typing import Any, Dict, List, Optional
+
+from praisonaiagents.ui.a2ui.surface import Surface
+from praisonaiagents.ui.a2ui.extension import STANDARD_CATALOG_ID
+
+
+class ChatTemplate:
+    """
+    Chat UI template for conversational interfaces.
+    
+    Creates a chat-style UI with user and agent messages.
+    
+    Example:
+        >>> template = ChatTemplate(surface_id="chat")
+        >>> template.add_user_message("Hello!")
+        >>> template.add_agent_message("Hi there! How can I help?")
+        >>> messages = template.to_messages()
+    """
+    
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        surface_id: str = "chat",
+        catalog_id: str = STANDARD_CATALOG_ID,
+        title: Optional[str] = None,
+    ):
+        """
+        Initialize ChatTemplate.
+        
+        Args:
+            surface_id: Unique ID for the surface
+            catalog_id: Component catalog to use
+            title: Optional title for the chat
+        """
+        self.surface_id = surface_id
+        self.catalog_id = catalog_id
+        self.title = title
+        self.messages: List[Dict[str, Any]] = []
+    
+    def add_user_message(self, content: str) -> "ChatTemplate":
+        """
+        Add a user message.
+        
+        Args:
+            content: Message content
+        
+        Returns:
+            self for chaining
+        """
+        self.messages.append({
+            "role": "user",
+            "content": content,
+        })
+        return self
+    
+    def add_agent_message(self, content: str) -> "ChatTemplate":
+        """
+        Add an agent message.
+        
+        Args:
+            content: Message content
+        
+        Returns:
+            self for chaining
+        """
+        self.messages.append({
+            "role": "agent",
+            "content": content,
+        })
+        return self
+    
+    def to_messages(self) -> List[Dict[str, Any]]:
+        """
+        Generate A2UI messages for the chat.
+        
+        Returns:
+            List of A2UI message dictionaries
+        """
+        surface = Surface(
+            surface_id=self.surface_id,
+            catalog_id=self.catalog_id,
+        )
+        
+        children = []
+        
+        # Title if provided
+        if self.title:
+            surface.text(id="chat-title", text=self.title, usage_hint="h1")
+            children.append("chat-title")
+        
+        # Message components
+        msg_ids = []
+        for i, msg in enumerate(self.messages):
+            msg_id = f"msg-{i}"
+            role = msg["role"]
+            content = msg["content"]
+            
+            # Style based on role
+            if role == "user":
+                surface.text(id=msg_id, text=f"You: {content}", usage_hint="body")
+            else:
+                surface.text(id=msg_id, text=f"Agent: {content}", usage_hint="body")
+            
+            msg_ids.append(msg_id)
+        
+        # Messages column
+        if msg_ids:
+            surface.column(id="messages", children=msg_ids)
+            children.append("messages")
+        
+        # Root column
+        surface.column(id="root", children=children)
+        
+        # Set data
+        surface.set_data("messages", self.messages)
+        
+        return surface.to_messages()

src/praisonai-agents/praisonaiagents/ui/a2ui/templates/dashboard.py

@@ -0,0 +1,128 @@
+"""
+Dashboard Template for A2UI
+
+Provides a dashboard UI template with multiple panels.
+"""
+
+from typing import Any, Dict, List, Optional
+
+from praisonaiagents.ui.a2ui.surface import Surface
+from praisonaiagents.ui.a2ui.extension import STANDARD_CATALOG_ID
+
+
+class DashboardTemplate:
+    """
+    Dashboard UI template with multiple panels.
+    
+    Creates a dashboard layout with cards for each panel.
+    
+    Example:
+        >>> template = DashboardTemplate(surface_id="dashboard", title="My Dashboard")
+        >>> template.add_panel(id="stats", title="Statistics", content="100 items")
+        >>> template.add_panel(id="chart", title="Chart", content="[Chart here]")
+        >>> messages = template.to_messages()
+    """
+    
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        surface_id: str = "dashboard",
+        title: str = "Dashboard",
+        catalog_id: str = STANDARD_CATALOG_ID,
+        columns: int = 2,
+    ):
+        """
+        Initialize DashboardTemplate.
+        
+        Args:
+            surface_id: Unique ID for the surface
+            title: Dashboard title
+            catalog_id: Component catalog to use
+            columns: Number of columns in the grid
+        """
+        self.surface_id = surface_id
+        self.title = title
+        self.catalog_id = catalog_id
+        self.columns = columns
+        self.panels: List[Dict[str, Any]] = []
+    
+    def add_panel(
+        self,
+        id: str,
+        title: str,
+        content: str,
+        weight: Optional[float] = None,
+    ) -> "DashboardTemplate":
+        """
+        Add a panel to the dashboard.
+        
+        Args:
+            id: Panel ID
+            title: Panel title
+            content: Panel content text
+            weight: Optional flex weight
+        
+        Returns:
+            self for chaining
+        """
+        self.panels.append({
+            "id": id,
+            "title": title,
+            "content": content,
+            "weight": weight,
+        })
+        return self
+    
+    def to_messages(self) -> List[Dict[str, Any]]:
+        """
+        Generate A2UI messages for the dashboard.
+        
+        Returns:
+            List of A2UI message dictionaries
+        """
+        surface = Surface(
+            surface_id=self.surface_id,
+            catalog_id=self.catalog_id,
+        )
+        
+        # Title
+        surface.text(id="dashboard-title", text=self.title, usage_hint="h1")
+        
+        # Create cards for each panel
+        card_ids = []
+        for panel in self.panels:
+            panel_id = panel["id"]
+            content_id = f"{panel_id}-content"
+            title_id = f"{panel_id}-title"
+            text_id = f"{panel_id}-text"
+            
+            # Panel title
+            surface.text(id=title_id, text=panel["title"], usage_hint="h3")
+            
+            # Panel content
+            surface.text(id=text_id, text=panel["content"], usage_hint="body")
+            
+            # Panel content column
+            surface.column(id=content_id, children=[title_id, text_id])
+            
+            # Panel card
+            surface.card(id=panel_id, child=content_id, weight=panel.get("weight"))
+            card_ids.append(panel_id)
+        
+        # Arrange panels in rows based on columns setting
+        row_ids = []
+        for i in range(0, len(card_ids), self.columns):
+            row_cards = card_ids[i:i + self.columns]
+            row_id = f"row-{i // self.columns}"
+            surface.row(id=row_id, children=row_cards)
+            row_ids.append(row_id)
+        
+        # Panels container
+        surface.column(id="panels", children=row_ids)
+        
+        # Root column
+        surface.column(id="root", children=["dashboard-title", "panels"])
+        
+        # Set data
+        surface.set_data("panels", self.panels)
+        
+        return surface.to_messages()

src/praisonai-agents/praisonaiagents/ui/a2ui/templates/form.py

@@ -0,0 +1,205 @@
+"""
+Form Template for A2UI
+
+Provides a form UI template for data collection.
+"""
+
+from typing import Any, Dict, List
+
+from praisonaiagents.ui.a2ui.surface import Surface
+from praisonaiagents.ui.a2ui.types import PathBinding
+from praisonaiagents.ui.a2ui.extension import STANDARD_CATALOG_ID
+
+
+class FormTemplate:
+    """
+    Form UI template for data collection.
+    
+    Creates a form with various input fields and a submit button.
+    
+    Example:
+        >>> template = FormTemplate(surface_id="form", title="Contact")
+        >>> template.add_text_field(id="name", label="Name")
+        >>> template.add_email_field(id="email", label="Email")
+        >>> template.set_submit_action("submit_form", "Send")
+        >>> messages = template.to_messages()
+    """
+    
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        surface_id: str = "form",
+        title: str = "Form",
+        catalog_id: str = STANDARD_CATALOG_ID,
+    ):
+        """
+        Initialize FormTemplate.
+        
+        Args:
+            surface_id: Unique ID for the surface
+            title: Form title
+            catalog_id: Component catalog to use
+        """
+        self.surface_id = surface_id
+        self.title = title
+        self.catalog_id = catalog_id
+        self.fields: List[Dict[str, Any]] = []
+        self.submit_action = "submit"
+        self.submit_label = "Submit"
+    
+    def add_text_field(
+        self,
+        id: str,
+        label: str,
+        default: str = "",
+        required: bool = False,
+    ) -> "FormTemplate":
+        """
+        Add a text input field.
+        
+        Args:
+            id: Field ID
+            label: Field label
+            default: Default value
+            required: Whether field is required
+        
+        Returns:
+            self for chaining
+        """
+        self.fields.append({
+            "id": id,
+            "label": label,
+            "type": "text",
+            "default": default,
+            "required": required,
+        })
+        return self
+    
+    def add_number_field(
+        self,
+        id: str,
+        label: str,
+        default: float = 0,
+        required: bool = False,
+    ) -> "FormTemplate":
+        """
+        Add a number input field.
+        
+        Args:
+            id: Field ID
+            label: Field label
+            default: Default value
+            required: Whether field is required
+        
+        Returns:
+            self for chaining
+        """
+        self.fields.append({
+            "id": id,
+            "label": label,
+            "type": "number",
+            "default": default,
+            "required": required,
+        })
+        return self
+    
+    def add_email_field(
+        self,
+        id: str,
+        label: str,
+        default: str = "",
+        required: bool = False,
+    ) -> "FormTemplate":
+        """
+        Add an email input field.
+        
+        Args:
+            id: Field ID
+            label: Field label
+            default: Default value
+            required: Whether field is required
+        
+        Returns:
+            self for chaining
+        """
+        self.fields.append({
+            "id": id,
+            "label": label,
+            "type": "email",
+            "default": default,
+            "required": required,
+        })
+        return self
+    
+    def set_submit_action(
+        self,
+        action: str,
+        label: str = "Submit",
+    ) -> "FormTemplate":
+        """
+        Set the submit button action.
+        
+        Args:
+            action: Action name
+            label: Button label
+        
+        Returns:
+            self for chaining
+        """
+        self.submit_action = action
+        self.submit_label = label
+        return self
+    
+    def to_messages(self) -> List[Dict[str, Any]]:
+        """
+        Generate A2UI messages for the form.
+        
+        Returns:
+            List of A2UI message dictionaries
+        """
+        surface = Surface(
+            surface_id=self.surface_id,
+            catalog_id=self.catalog_id,
+        )
+        
+        # Title
+        surface.text(id="form-title", text=self.title, usage_hint="h1")
+        
+        # Fields
+        field_ids = []
+        for field in self.fields:
+            field_id = field["id"]
+            surface.text_field(
+                id=field_id,
+                label=field["label"],
+                text=PathBinding(path=f"/{field_id}"),
+                field_type=field["type"],
+            )
+            field_ids.append(field_id)
+            
+            # Set default value
+            surface.set_data(field_id, field.get("default", ""))
+        
+        # Submit button
+        surface.text(id="submit-text", text=self.submit_label)
+        
+        action_context = [
+            {"key": f["id"], "value": {"path": f"/{f['id']}"}}
+            for f in self.fields
+        ]
+        
+        surface.button(
+            id="submit-btn",
+            child="submit-text",
+            action_name=self.submit_action,
+            action_context=action_context,
+            primary=True,
+        )
+        field_ids.append("submit-btn")
+        
+        # Form fields column
+        surface.column(id="fields", children=field_ids)
+        
+        # Root column
+        surface.column(id="root", children=["form-title", "fields"])
+        
+        return surface.to_messages()

src/praisonai-agents/praisonaiagents/ui/a2ui/templates/list.py

@@ -0,0 +1,147 @@
+"""
+List Template for A2UI
+
+Provides a list UI template for displaying items.
+"""
+
+from typing import Any, Dict, List, Optional
+
+from praisonaiagents.ui.a2ui.surface import Surface
+from praisonaiagents.ui.a2ui.extension import STANDARD_CATALOG_ID
+
+
+class ListTemplate:
+    """
+    List UI template for displaying items.
+    
+    Creates a list of cards with title, description, and optional image.
+    
+    Example:
+        >>> template = ListTemplate(surface_id="list", title="Results")
+        >>> template.add_item(title="Item 1", description="First item")
+        >>> template.add_item(title="Item 2", description="Second item")
+        >>> messages = template.to_messages()
+    """
+    
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        surface_id: str = "list",
+        title: str = "Items",
+        catalog_id: str = STANDARD_CATALOG_ID,
+    ):
+        """
+        Initialize ListTemplate.
+        
+        Args:
+            surface_id: Unique ID for the surface
+            title: List title
+            catalog_id: Component catalog to use
+        """
+        self.surface_id = surface_id
+        self.title = title
+        self.catalog_id = catalog_id
+        self.items: List[Dict[str, Any]] = []
+    
+    def add_item(
+        self,
+        title: str,
+        description: str = "",
+        image_url: Optional[str] = None,
+        action: Optional[str] = None,
+        metadata: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = None,
+    ) -> "ListTemplate":
+        """
+        Add an item to the list.
+        
+        Args:
+            title: Item title
+            description: Item description
+            image_url: Optional image URL
+            action: Optional action name for item button
+            metadata: Optional additional metadata
+        
+        Returns:
+            self for chaining
+        """
+        item = {
+            "title": title,
+            "description": description,
+        }
+        if image_url:
+            item["image_url"] = image_url
+        if action:
+            item["action"] = action
+        if metadata:
+            item.update(metadata)
+        
+        self.items.append(item)
+        return self
+    
+    def to_messages(self) -> List[Dict[str, Any]]:
+        """
+        Generate A2UI messages for the list.
+        
+        Returns:
+            List of A2UI message dictionaries
+        """
+        surface = Surface(
+            surface_id=self.surface_id,
+            catalog_id=self.catalog_id,
+        )
+        
+        # Title
+        surface.text(id="list-title", text=self.title, usage_hint="h1")
+        
+        # Create cards for each item
+        card_ids = []
+        for i, item in enumerate(self.items):
+            card_id = f"card-{i}"
+            content_id = f"content-{i}"
+            title_id = f"title-{i}"
+            desc_id = f"desc-{i}"
+            
+            # Item title
+            surface.text(id=title_id, text=item["title"], usage_hint="h3")
+            
+            # Item description
+            surface.text(id=desc_id, text=item.get("description", ""), usage_hint="body")
+            
+            content_children = [title_id, desc_id]
+            
+            # Optional image
+            if item.get("image_url"):
+                img_id = f"img-{i}"
+                surface.image(id=img_id, url=item["image_url"], usage_hint="smallFeature")
+                content_children.insert(0, img_id)
+            
+            # Optional action button
+            if item.get("action"):
+                btn_id = f"btn-{i}"
+                btn_text_id = f"btn-text-{i}"
+                surface.text(id=btn_text_id, text="Select")
+                surface.button(
+                    id=btn_id,
+                    child=btn_text_id,
+                    action_name=item["action"],
+                    action_context=[{"key": "index", "value": i}],
+                    primary=True,
+                )
+                content_children.append(btn_id)
+            
+            # Card content
+            surface.column(id=content_id, children=content_children)
+            
+            # Card
+            surface.card(id=card_id, child=content_id)
+            card_ids.append(card_id)
+        
+        # Items column
+        surface.column(id="items", children=card_ids)
+        
+        # Root column
+        surface.column(id="root", children=["list-title", "items"])
+        
+        # Set data
+        surface.set_data("items", self.items)
+        
+        return surface.to_messages()

src/praisonai-agents/praisonaiagents/ui/a2ui/types.py

@@ -0,0 +1,523 @@
+"""
+A2UI Protocol Types
+
+Pydantic-style classes for the A2UI (Agent-to-User Interface) protocol.
+Based on the A2UI Specification v0.9.
+"""
+
+from dataclasses import dataclass, field
+from typing import Any, Dict, List, Optional, Union
+from enum import Enum
+
+
+# =============================================================================
+# Data Binding Types
+# =============================================================================
+
+@dataclass
+class PathBinding:
+    """
+    A reference to a value in the data model.
+    
+    Used for data binding in A2UI components.
+    """
+    path: str
+    
+    def to_dict(self) -> Dict[str, str]:
+        return {"path": self.path}
+
+
+# Type alias for values that can be literal or path-bound
+StringOrPath = Union[str, PathBinding]
+NumberOrPath = Union[int, float, PathBinding]
+BooleanOrPath = Union[bool, PathBinding]
+
+
+def resolve_string_or_path(value: StringOrPath) -> Union[str, Dict[str, str]]:
+    """Resolve a StringOrPath to its serialized form."""
+    if isinstance(value, PathBinding):
+        return value.to_dict()
+    return value
+
+
+def resolve_number_or_path(value: NumberOrPath) -> Union[int, float, Dict[str, str]]:
+    """Resolve a NumberOrPath to its serialized form."""
+    if isinstance(value, PathBinding):
+        return value.to_dict()
+    return value
+
+
+def resolve_boolean_or_path(value: BooleanOrPath) -> Union[bool, Dict[str, str]]:
+    """Resolve a BooleanOrPath to its serialized form."""
+    if isinstance(value, PathBinding):
+        return value.to_dict()
+    return value
+
+
+# =============================================================================
+# Action Types
+# =============================================================================
+
+@dataclass
+class ActionContext:
+    """
+    A key-value pair for action context.
+    
+    Used to pass data from UI to action handlers.
+    """
+    key: str
+    value: Union[str, int, float, bool, PathBinding]
+    
+    def to_dict(self) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        if isinstance(self.value, PathBinding):
+            return {"key": self.key, "value": self.value.to_dict()}
+        return {"key": self.key, "value": self.value}
+
+
+@dataclass
+class Action:
+    """
+    An action triggered by a UI component (e.g., button click).
+    """
+    name: str
+    context: List[ActionContext] = field(default_factory=list)
+    
+    def to_dict(self) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        return {
+            "name": self.name,
+            "context": [c.to_dict() for c in self.context]
+        }
+
+
+# =============================================================================
+# Children Types
+# =============================================================================
+
+@dataclass
+class ChildrenTemplate:
+    """
+    A template for generating dynamic children from a data model list.
+    """
+    component_id: str
+    path: str
+    
+    def to_dict(self) -> Dict[str, str]:
+        return {
+            "componentId": self.component_id,
+            "path": self.path
+        }
+
+
+# Type alias for children - either explicit list or template
+ChildrenType = Union[List[str], ChildrenTemplate]
+
+
+def resolve_children(children: ChildrenType) -> Union[List[str], Dict[str, str]]:
+    """Resolve children to serialized form."""
+    if isinstance(children, ChildrenTemplate):
+        return children.to_dict()
+    return children
+
+
+# =============================================================================
+# Component Types
+# =============================================================================
+
+class UsageHint(str, Enum):
+    """Text usage hints for styling."""
+    H1 = "h1"
+    H2 = "h2"
+    H3 = "h3"
+    H4 = "h4"
+    H5 = "h5"
+    CAPTION = "caption"
+    BODY = "body"
+
+
+class ImageFit(str, Enum):
+    """Image fit options."""
+    CONTAIN = "contain"
+    COVER = "cover"
+    FILL = "fill"
+    NONE = "none"
+    SCALE_DOWN = "scale-down"
+
+
+class ImageUsageHint(str, Enum):
+    """Image usage hints."""
+    ICON = "icon"
+    AVATAR = "avatar"
+    SMALL_FEATURE = "smallFeature"
+    MEDIUM_FEATURE = "mediumFeature"
+    LARGE_FEATURE = "largeFeature"
+    HEADER = "header"
+
+
+@dataclass
+class TextComponent:
+    """Text display component."""
+    id: str
+    text: StringOrPath
+    usage_hint: Optional[str] = None
+    weight: Optional[float] = None
+    
+    def to_dict(self) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        result: Dict[str, Any] = {
+            "id": self.id,
+            "component": "Text",
+            "text": resolve_string_or_path(self.text)
+        }
+        if self.usage_hint:
+            result["usageHint"] = self.usage_hint
+        if self.weight is not None:
+            result["weight"] = self.weight
+        return result
+
+
+@dataclass
+class ImageComponent:
+    """Image display component."""
+    id: str
+    url: StringOrPath
+    fit: Optional[str] = None
+    usage_hint: Optional[str] = None
+    weight: Optional[float] = None
+    
+    def to_dict(self) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        result: Dict[str, Any] = {
+            "id": self.id,
+            "component": "Image",
+            "url": resolve_string_or_path(self.url)
+        }
+        if self.fit:
+            result["fit"] = self.fit
+        if self.usage_hint:
+            result["usageHint"] = self.usage_hint
+        if self.weight is not None:
+            result["weight"] = self.weight
+        return result
+
+
+@dataclass
+class IconComponent:
+    """Icon display component."""
+    id: str
+    name: StringOrPath
+    weight: Optional[float] = None
+    
+    def to_dict(self) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        result: Dict[str, Any] = {
+            "id": self.id,
+            "component": "Icon",
+            "name": resolve_string_or_path(self.name)
+        }
+        if self.weight is not None:
+            result["weight"] = self.weight
+        return result
+
+
+@dataclass
+class ButtonComponent:
+    """Button component with action."""
+    id: str
+    child: str
+    action: Optional[Action] = None
+    primary: bool = False
+    weight: Optional[float] = None
+    
+    def to_dict(self) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        result: Dict[str, Any] = {
+            "id": self.id,
+            "component": "Button",
+            "child": self.child
+        }
+        if self.primary:
+            result["primary"] = True
+        if self.action:
+            result["action"] = self.action.to_dict()
+        if self.weight is not None:
+            result["weight"] = self.weight
+        return result
+
+
+@dataclass
+class CardComponent:
+    """Card container component."""
+    id: str
+    child: str
+    weight: Optional[float] = None
+    
+    def to_dict(self) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        result: Dict[str, Any] = {
+            "id": self.id,
+            "component": "Card",
+            "child": self.child
+        }
+        if self.weight is not None:
+            result["weight"] = self.weight
+        return result
+
+
+@dataclass
+class RowComponent:
+    """Horizontal layout component."""
+    id: str
+    children: ChildrenType
+    weight: Optional[float] = None
+    
+    def to_dict(self) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        result: Dict[str, Any] = {
+            "id": self.id,
+            "component": "Row",
+            "children": resolve_children(self.children)
+        }
+        if self.weight is not None:
+            result["weight"] = self.weight
+        return result
+
+
+@dataclass
+class ColumnComponent:
+    """Vertical layout component."""
+    id: str
+    children: ChildrenType
+    weight: Optional[float] = None
+    
+    def to_dict(self) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        result: Dict[str, Any] = {
+            "id": self.id,
+            "component": "Column",
+            "children": resolve_children(self.children)
+        }
+        if self.weight is not None:
+            result["weight"] = self.weight
+        return result
+
+
+@dataclass
+class ListComponent:
+    """List component for repeating items."""
+    id: str
+    children: ChildrenType
+    direction: str = "vertical"
+    weight: Optional[float] = None
+    
+    def to_dict(self) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        result: Dict[str, Any] = {
+            "id": self.id,
+            "component": "List",
+            "direction": self.direction,
+            "children": resolve_children(self.children)
+        }
+        if self.weight is not None:
+            result["weight"] = self.weight
+        return result
+
+
+@dataclass
+class TextFieldComponent:
+    """Text input field component."""
+    id: str
+    label: StringOrPath
+    text: StringOrPath
+    field_type: str = "text"
+    weight: Optional[float] = None
+    
+    def to_dict(self) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        result: Dict[str, Any] = {
+            "id": self.id,
+            "component": "TextField",
+            "label": resolve_string_or_path(self.label),
+            "text": resolve_string_or_path(self.text),
+            "type": self.field_type
+        }
+        if self.weight is not None:
+            result["weight"] = self.weight
+        return result
+
+
+@dataclass
+class CheckBoxComponent:
+    """Checkbox input component."""
+    id: str
+    label: StringOrPath
+    checked: BooleanOrPath = False
+    weight: Optional[float] = None
+    
+    def to_dict(self) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        result: Dict[str, Any] = {
+            "id": self.id,
+            "component": "CheckBox",
+            "label": resolve_string_or_path(self.label),
+            "checked": resolve_boolean_or_path(self.checked)
+        }
+        if self.weight is not None:
+            result["weight"] = self.weight
+        return result
+
+
+@dataclass
+class SliderComponent:
+    """Slider input component."""
+    id: str
+    min_value: NumberOrPath
+    max_value: NumberOrPath
+    value: NumberOrPath
+    weight: Optional[float] = None
+    
+    def to_dict(self) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        result: Dict[str, Any] = {
+            "id": self.id,
+            "component": "Slider",
+            "min": resolve_number_or_path(self.min_value),
+            "max": resolve_number_or_path(self.max_value),
+            "value": resolve_number_or_path(self.value)
+        }
+        if self.weight is not None:
+            result["weight"] = self.weight
+        return result
+
+
+@dataclass
+class DateTimeInputComponent:
+    """Date/time input component."""
+    id: str
+    label: StringOrPath
+    value: StringOrPath
+    enable_date: bool = True
+    enable_time: bool = False
+    weight: Optional[float] = None
+    
+    def to_dict(self) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        result: Dict[str, Any] = {
+            "id": self.id,
+            "component": "DateTimeInput",
+            "label": resolve_string_or_path(self.label),
+            "value": resolve_string_or_path(self.value),
+            "enableDate": self.enable_date,
+            "enableTime": self.enable_time
+        }
+        if self.weight is not None:
+            result["weight"] = self.weight
+        return result
+
+
+# Type alias for any component
+Component = Union[
+    TextComponent,
+    ImageComponent,
+    IconComponent,
+    ButtonComponent,
+    CardComponent,
+    RowComponent,
+    ColumnComponent,
+    ListComponent,
+    TextFieldComponent,
+    CheckBoxComponent,
+    SliderComponent,
+    DateTimeInputComponent,
+]
+
+
+# =============================================================================
+# Message Types
+# =============================================================================
+
+@dataclass
+class CreateSurfaceMessage:
+    """
+    Message to create a new UI surface.
+    
+    Signals the client to create a new surface and begin rendering it.
+    """
+    surface_id: str
+    catalog_id: str
+    
+    def to_dict(self) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        return {
+            "createSurface": {
+                "surfaceId": self.surface_id,
+                "catalogId": self.catalog_id
+            }
+        }
+
+
+@dataclass
+class UpdateComponentsMessage:
+    """
+    Message to update surface components.
+    
+    Updates a surface with a new set of components.
+    """
+    surface_id: str
+    components: List[Component]
+    
+    def to_dict(self) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        return {
+            "updateComponents": {
+                "surfaceId": self.surface_id,
+                "components": [c.to_dict() for c in self.components]
+            }
+        }
+
+
+@dataclass
+class UpdateDataModelMessage:
+    """
+    Message to update the data model.
+    
+    Updates the data model for an existing surface.
+    """
+    surface_id: str
+    value: Any
+    path: str = "/"
+    op: str = "replace"
+    
+    def to_dict(self) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        result: Dict[str, Any] = {
+            "updateDataModel": {
+                "surfaceId": self.surface_id,
+                "path": self.path,
+                "op": self.op,
+                "value": self.value
+            }
+        }
+        return result
+
+
+@dataclass
+class DeleteSurfaceMessage:
+    """
+    Message to delete a surface.
+    
+    Signals the client to delete the surface.
+    """
+    surface_id: str
+    
+    def to_dict(self) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        return {
+            "deleteSurface": {
+                "surfaceId": self.surface_id
+            }
+        }
+
+
+# =============================================================================
+# Data Part Type
+# =============================================================================
+
+@dataclass
+class A2UIDataPart:
+    """
+    A2UI data part for A2A integration.
+    
+    Wraps A2UI data with the appropriate MIME type.
+    """
+    data: Dict[str, Any]
+    metadata: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = None
+    
+    def to_dict(self) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        result: Dict[str, Any] = {"data": self.data}
+        if self.metadata:
+            result["metadata"] = self.metadata
+        return result

src/praisonai-agents/praisonaiagents/ui/agui/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+"""
+AG-UI Protocol Integration for PraisonAI Agents
+
+This module provides AG-UI (Agent-User Interface) protocol support,
+enabling PraisonAI Agents to be exposed via a standardized streaming API
+compatible with CopilotKit and other AG-UI frontends.
+
+Usage:
+    from praisonaiagents import Agent
+    from praisonaiagents.ui.agui import AGUI
+    from fastapi import FastAPI
+
+    agent = Agent(name="Assistant", role="Helper", goal="Help users")
+    agui = AGUI(agent=agent)
+
+    app = FastAPI()
+    app.include_router(agui.get_router())
+"""
+
+from praisonaiagents.ui.agui.agui import AGUI
+
+__all__ = ["AGUI"]

src/praisonai-agents/praisonaiagents/ui/agui/agui.py

@@ -0,0 +1,203 @@
+"""
+AGUI - Main AG-UI Interface Class
+
+Exposes PraisonAI Agents via the AG-UI protocol.
+"""
+
+import logging
+import uuid
+from typing import AsyncIterator, List, Optional, TYPE_CHECKING
+
+from praisonaiagents.ui.agui.types import (
+    BaseEvent,
+    RunAgentInput,
+)
+from praisonaiagents.ui.agui.conversion import (
+    agui_messages_to_praisonai,
+    validate_state,
+    extract_user_input,
+)
+from praisonaiagents.ui.agui.streaming import (
+    create_run_error_event,
+    async_stream_agent_response,
+    async_stream_agents_response,
+)
+from praisonaiagents.ui.agui.encoder import EventEncoder
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from praisonaiagents import Agent, PraisonAIAgents
+    from fastapi import APIRouter
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+class AGUI:
+    """
+    AG-UI Interface for PraisonAI Agents.
+    
+    Exposes a PraisonAI Agent or PraisonAIAgents workflow via the AG-UI protocol,
+    enabling integration with CopilotKit and other AG-UI compatible frontends.
+    
+    Usage:
+        from praisonaiagents import Agent
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.agui import AGUI
+        from fastapi import FastAPI
+        
+        agent = Agent(name="Assistant", role="Helper", goal="Help users")
+        agui = AGUI(agent=agent)
+        
+        app = FastAPI()
+        app.include_router(agui.get_router())
+    
+    Args:
+        agent: Single PraisonAI Agent instance
+        agents: PraisonAIAgents instance for multi-agent workflows
+        name: Name for the AG-UI endpoint (defaults to agent name)
+        description: Description of the agent
+        prefix: URL prefix for the router (e.g., "/api/v1")
+        tags: OpenAPI tags for the router
+    """
+    
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        agent: Optional["Agent"] = None,
+        agents: Optional["PraisonAIAgents"] = None,
+        name: Optional[str] = None,
+        description: Optional[str] = None,
+        prefix: str = "",
+        tags: Optional[List[str]] = None,
+    ):
+        if agent is None and agents is None:
+            raise ValueError("AGUI requires an agent or agents instance")
+        
+        self.agent = agent
+        self.agents = agents
+        self.prefix = prefix
+        self.tags = tags or ["AGUI"]
+        
+        # Set name from agent if not provided
+        if name:
+            self.name = name
+        elif agent and hasattr(agent, 'name'):
+            self.name = agent.name
+        elif agents and hasattr(agents, 'name'):
+            self.name = agents.name
+        else:
+            self.name = "PraisonAI Agent"
+        
+        # Set description
+        if description:
+            self.description = description
+        elif agent and hasattr(agent, 'role'):
+            self.description = agent.role
+        else:
+            self.description = "PraisonAI Agent via AG-UI"
+        
+        self._router: Optional["APIRouter"] = None
+    
+    def get_router(self) -> "APIRouter":
+        """
+        Get the FastAPI router for this AGUI instance.
+        
+        Returns:
+            FastAPI APIRouter with AG-UI endpoints
+        """
+        from fastapi import APIRouter
+        from fastapi.responses import StreamingResponse
+        
+        if self._router is not None:
+            return self._router
+        
+        self._router = APIRouter(prefix=self.prefix, tags=self.tags)
+        
+        # Attach routes
+        self._attach_routes(self._router)
+        
+        return self._router
+    
+    def _attach_routes(self, router: "APIRouter") -> None:
+        """Attach AG-UI routes to the router."""
+        from fastapi.responses import StreamingResponse
+        
+        encoder = EventEncoder()
+        
+        @router.post("/agui")
+        async def run_agent_agui(run_input: RunAgentInput):
+            """Run the agent via AG-UI protocol."""
+            async def event_generator():
+                async for event in self._run_agent(run_input):
+                    yield encoder.encode(event)
+            
+            return StreamingResponse(
+                event_generator(),
+                media_type="text/event-stream",
+                headers={
+                    "Cache-Control": "no-cache",
+                    "Connection": "keep-alive",
+                    "Access-Control-Allow-Origin": "*",
+                    "Access-Control-Allow-Methods": "POST, GET, OPTIONS",
+                    "Access-Control-Allow-Headers": "*",
+                },
+            )
+        
+        @router.get("/status")
+        async def get_status():
+            """Get agent status."""
+            return {"status": "available"}
+    
+    async def _run_agent(self, run_input: RunAgentInput) -> AsyncIterator[BaseEvent]:
+        """
+        Run the agent with the given input.
+        
+        Args:
+            run_input: AG-UI run input
+            
+        Yields:
+            AG-UI events
+        """
+        run_id = run_input.run_id or str(uuid.uuid4())
+        thread_id = run_input.thread_id
+        
+        try:
+            # Convert messages
+            messages = run_input.messages or []
+            
+            # Extract user input
+            user_input = extract_user_input(messages)
+            
+            # Validate state
+            session_state = validate_state(run_input.state, thread_id)
+            
+            # Get user_id from forwarded_props if available
+            user_id = None
+            if run_input.forwarded_props and isinstance(run_input.forwarded_props, dict):
+                user_id = run_input.forwarded_props.get("user_id")
+            
+            # Run appropriate handler
+            if self.agent:
+                async for event in async_stream_agent_response(
+                    agent=self.agent,
+                    user_input=user_input,
+                    thread_id=thread_id,
+                    run_id=run_id,
+                    session_state=session_state,
+                    messages=agui_messages_to_praisonai(messages),
+                ):
+                    yield event
+            
+            elif self.agents:
+                async for event in async_stream_agents_response(
+                    agents=self.agents,
+                    user_input=user_input,
+                    thread_id=thread_id,
+                    run_id=run_id,
+                    session_state=session_state,
+                ):
+                    yield event
+            
+            else:
+                yield create_run_error_event("No agent or agents configured")
+        
+        except Exception as e:
+            logger.error(f"Error running agent: {e}", exc_info=True)
+            yield create_run_error_event(str(e))

src/praisonai-agents/praisonaiagents/ui/agui/conversion.py

@@ -0,0 +1,211 @@
+"""
+AG-UI Message Conversion
+
+Converts between AG-UI message format and PraisonAI message format.
+"""
+
+import logging
+from typing import Any, Dict, List, Optional, Set
+
+from pydantic import BaseModel
+
+from praisonaiagents.ui.agui.types import Message, ToolCall, FunctionCall
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+def agui_messages_to_praisonai(messages: List[Message]) -> List[Dict[str, Any]]:
+    """
+    Convert AG-UI messages to PraisonAI format.
+    
+    Args:
+        messages: List of AG-UI Message objects
+        
+    Returns:
+        List of message dictionaries in PraisonAI format
+    """
+    if not messages:
+        return []
+    
+    # Track tool_call_ids that have results to avoid duplicates
+    tool_call_ids_with_results: Set[str] = set()
+    for msg in messages:
+        if msg.role == "tool" and msg.tool_call_id:
+            tool_call_ids_with_results.add(msg.tool_call_id)
+    
+    result: List[Dict[str, Any]] = []
+    seen_tool_call_ids: Set[str] = set()
+    
+    for msg in messages:
+        # Skip system messages - agent builds its own
+        if msg.role == "system":
+            continue
+        
+        if msg.role == "tool":
+            # Deduplicate tool results
+            if msg.tool_call_id in seen_tool_call_ids:
+                logger.debug(f"Skipping duplicate tool result: {msg.tool_call_id}")
+                continue
+            if msg.tool_call_id:
+                seen_tool_call_ids.add(msg.tool_call_id)
+            
+            result.append({
+                "role": "tool",
+                "content": msg.content or "",
+                "tool_call_id": msg.tool_call_id,
+            })
+        
+        elif msg.role == "assistant":
+            msg_dict: Dict[str, Any] = {
+                "role": "assistant",
+                "content": msg.content or "",
+            }
+            
+            if msg.tool_calls:
+                # Include all tool_calls (filtering only when there are results to match)
+                tool_calls_list = [
+                    {
+                        "id": tc.id,
+                        "function": {
+                            "name": tc.function.name,
+                            "arguments": tc.function.arguments,
+                        },
+                        "type": "function",
+                    }
+                    for tc in msg.tool_calls
+                ]
+                if tool_calls_list:
+                    msg_dict["tool_calls"] = tool_calls_list
+            
+            result.append(msg_dict)
+        
+        elif msg.role == "user":
+            result.append({
+                "role": "user",
+                "content": msg.content or "",
+            })
+        
+        else:
+            logger.warning(f"Unknown message role: {msg.role}")
+    
+    return result
+
+
+def praisonai_messages_to_agui(messages: List[Dict[str, Any]]) -> List[Message]:
+    """
+    Convert PraisonAI messages to AG-UI format.
+    
+    Args:
+        messages: List of message dictionaries in PraisonAI format
+        
+    Returns:
+        List of AG-UI Message objects
+    """
+    if not messages:
+        return []
+    
+    result: List[Message] = []
+    
+    for msg in messages:
+        role = msg.get("role", "user")
+        content = msg.get("content", "")
+        
+        if role == "tool":
+            result.append(Message(
+                role="tool",
+                content=content,
+                tool_call_id=msg.get("tool_call_id"),
+            ))
+        
+        elif role == "assistant":
+            tool_calls = None
+            if "tool_calls" in msg and msg["tool_calls"]:
+                tool_calls = [
+                    ToolCall(
+                        id=tc.get("id", ""),
+                        function=FunctionCall(
+                            name=tc.get("function", {}).get("name", ""),
+                            arguments=tc.get("function", {}).get("arguments", "{}"),
+                        ),
+                    )
+                    for tc in msg["tool_calls"]
+                ]
+            
+            result.append(Message(
+                role="assistant",
+                content=content,
+                tool_calls=tool_calls,
+            ))
+        
+        elif role == "user":
+            result.append(Message(
+                role="user",
+                content=content,
+            ))
+        
+        elif role == "system":
+            result.append(Message(
+                role="system",
+                content=content,
+            ))
+    
+    return result
+
+
+def validate_state(state: Any, thread_id: str) -> Optional[Dict[str, Any]]:
+    """
+    Validate and convert state to a dictionary.
+    
+    Args:
+        state: The state to validate (can be dict, Pydantic model, or other)
+        thread_id: Thread ID for logging
+        
+    Returns:
+        State as a dictionary, or None if invalid
+    """
+    if state is None:
+        return None
+    
+    if isinstance(state, dict):
+        return state
+    
+    if isinstance(state, BaseModel):
+        try:
+            return state.model_dump()
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+    
+    # Try to_dict method
+    if hasattr(state, "to_dict") and callable(getattr(state, "to_dict")):
+        try:
+            result = state.to_dict()
+            if isinstance(result, dict):
+                return result
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+    
+    logger.warning(
+        f"State must be a dict, got {type(state).__name__}. "
+        f"State will be ignored. Thread: {thread_id}"
+    )
+    return None
+
+
+def extract_user_input(messages: List[Message]) -> str:
+    """
+    Extract the last user message content.
+    
+    Args:
+        messages: List of AG-UI messages
+        
+    Returns:
+        Content of the last user message, or empty string
+    """
+    if not messages:
+        return ""
+    
+    for msg in reversed(messages):
+        if msg.role == "user" and msg.content:
+            return msg.content
+    
+    return ""

src/praisonai-agents/praisonaiagents/ui/agui/encoder.py

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+"""
+AG-UI Event Encoder
+
+Encodes AG-UI events to Server-Sent Events (SSE) format.
+"""
+
+from praisonaiagents.ui.agui.types import BaseEvent
+
+
+class EventEncoder:
+    """Encodes AG-UI events to SSE format."""
+    
+    def __init__(self):
+        pass
+    
+    def get_content_type(self) -> str:
+        """Returns the content type for SSE."""
+        return "text/event-stream"
+    
+    def encode(self, event: BaseEvent) -> str:
+        """
+        Encode an event to SSE format.
+        
+        Args:
+            event: The event to encode
+            
+        Returns:
+            SSE formatted string
+        """
+        return f"data: {event.model_dump_json(by_alias=True, exclude_none=True)}\n\n"

src/praisonai-agents/praisonaiagents/ui/agui/streaming.py

@@ -0,0 +1,372 @@
+"""
+AG-UI Event Streaming
+
+Provides utilities for streaming PraisonAI agent responses as AG-UI events.
+"""
+
+import uuid
+from dataclasses import dataclass, field
+from typing import Any, AsyncIterator, Dict, Iterator, List, Optional, Set
+
+from praisonaiagents.ui.agui.types import (
+    BaseEvent,
+    TextMessageStartEvent,
+    TextMessageContentEvent,
+    TextMessageEndEvent,
+    ToolCallStartEvent,
+    ToolCallArgsEvent,
+    ToolCallEndEvent,
+    ToolCallResultEvent,
+    RunStartedEvent,
+    RunFinishedEvent,
+    RunErrorEvent,
+    StepStartedEvent,
+    StepFinishedEvent,
+    StateSnapshotEvent,
+)
+
+
+@dataclass
+class EventBuffer:
+    """Buffer to manage event ordering constraints."""
+    
+    active_tool_call_ids: Set[str] = field(default_factory=set)
+    ended_tool_call_ids: Set[str] = field(default_factory=set)
+    current_text_message_id: str = ""
+    next_text_message_id: str = field(default_factory=lambda: str(uuid.uuid4()))
+    pending_tool_calls_parent_id: str = ""
+    
+    def start_tool_call(self, tool_call_id: str) -> None:
+        """Start a new tool call."""
+        self.active_tool_call_ids.add(tool_call_id)
+    
+    def end_tool_call(self, tool_call_id: str) -> None:
+        """End a tool call."""
+        self.active_tool_call_ids.discard(tool_call_id)
+        self.ended_tool_call_ids.add(tool_call_id)
+    
+    def start_text_message(self) -> str:
+        """Start a new text message and return its ID."""
+        self.current_text_message_id = self.next_text_message_id
+        self.next_text_message_id = str(uuid.uuid4())
+        return self.current_text_message_id
+    
+    def get_parent_message_id_for_tool_call(self) -> str:
+        """Get the message ID to use as parent for tool calls."""
+        if self.pending_tool_calls_parent_id:
+            return self.pending_tool_calls_parent_id
+        return self.current_text_message_id
+
+
+# Event Creation Functions
+
+def create_text_message_events(
+    content: str,
+    message_id: Optional[str] = None,
+    role: str = "assistant"
+) -> Iterator[BaseEvent]:
+    """
+    Create text message events for a complete message.
+    
+    Args:
+        content: The message content
+        message_id: Optional message ID (generated if not provided)
+        role: Message role (default: assistant)
+        
+    Yields:
+        TextMessageStartEvent, TextMessageContentEvent(s), TextMessageEndEvent
+    """
+    msg_id = message_id or str(uuid.uuid4())
+    
+    yield TextMessageStartEvent(message_id=msg_id, role=role)
+    
+    if content:
+        yield TextMessageContentEvent(message_id=msg_id, delta=content)
+    
+    yield TextMessageEndEvent(message_id=msg_id)
+
+
+def stream_text_chunks(
+    chunks: Iterator[str],
+    message_id: Optional[str] = None,
+    role: str = "assistant"
+) -> Iterator[BaseEvent]:
+    """
+    Stream text chunks as AG-UI events.
+    
+    Args:
+        chunks: Iterator of text chunks
+        message_id: Optional message ID
+        role: Message role
+        
+    Yields:
+        AG-UI events for the text stream
+    """
+    msg_id = message_id or str(uuid.uuid4())
+    
+    yield TextMessageStartEvent(message_id=msg_id, role=role)
+    
+    for chunk in chunks:
+        if chunk:
+            yield TextMessageContentEvent(message_id=msg_id, delta=chunk)
+    
+    yield TextMessageEndEvent(message_id=msg_id)
+
+
+def create_tool_call_events(
+    tool_call_id: str,
+    tool_name: str,
+    arguments: str,
+    parent_message_id: Optional[str] = None
+) -> Iterator[BaseEvent]:
+    """
+    Create tool call events.
+    
+    Args:
+        tool_call_id: Unique ID for the tool call
+        tool_name: Name of the tool being called
+        arguments: JSON string of arguments
+        parent_message_id: Optional parent message ID
+        
+    Yields:
+        ToolCallStartEvent, ToolCallArgsEvent, ToolCallEndEvent
+    """
+    yield ToolCallStartEvent(
+        tool_call_id=tool_call_id,
+        tool_call_name=tool_name,
+        parent_message_id=parent_message_id
+    )
+    
+    yield ToolCallArgsEvent(
+        tool_call_id=tool_call_id,
+        delta=arguments
+    )
+    
+    yield ToolCallEndEvent(tool_call_id=tool_call_id)
+
+
+def create_tool_result_event(
+    tool_call_id: str,
+    content: str,
+    message_id: Optional[str] = None
+) -> ToolCallResultEvent:
+    """
+    Create a tool result event.
+    
+    Args:
+        tool_call_id: ID of the tool call this is a result for
+        content: Result content
+        message_id: Optional message ID
+        
+    Returns:
+        ToolCallResultEvent
+    """
+    return ToolCallResultEvent(
+        message_id=message_id or str(uuid.uuid4()),
+        tool_call_id=tool_call_id,
+        content=content
+    )
+
+
+# Run Lifecycle Events
+
+def create_run_started_event(thread_id: str, run_id: str) -> RunStartedEvent:
+    """Create a run started event."""
+    return RunStartedEvent(thread_id=thread_id, run_id=run_id)
+
+
+def create_run_finished_event(
+    thread_id: str,
+    run_id: str,
+    result: Optional[Any] = None
+) -> RunFinishedEvent:
+    """Create a run finished event."""
+    return RunFinishedEvent(thread_id=thread_id, run_id=run_id, result=result)
+
+
+def create_run_error_event(
+    message: str,
+    code: Optional[str] = None
+) -> RunErrorEvent:
+    """Create a run error event."""
+    return RunErrorEvent(message=message, code=code)
+
+
+# Step Events
+
+def create_step_started_event(step_name: str) -> StepStartedEvent:
+    """Create a step started event."""
+    return StepStartedEvent(step_name=step_name)
+
+
+def create_step_finished_event(step_name: str) -> StepFinishedEvent:
+    """Create a step finished event."""
+    return StepFinishedEvent(step_name=step_name)
+
+
+# State Events
+
+def create_state_snapshot_event(state: Dict[str, Any]) -> StateSnapshotEvent:
+    """Create a state snapshot event."""
+    return StateSnapshotEvent(snapshot=state)
+
+
+# Async Streaming
+
+async def async_stream_response(
+    response_stream: AsyncIterator[str],
+    thread_id: str,
+    run_id: str
+) -> AsyncIterator[BaseEvent]:
+    """
+    Stream an async response as AG-UI events.
+    
+    Args:
+        response_stream: Async iterator of response chunks
+        thread_id: Thread ID
+        run_id: Run ID
+        
+    Yields:
+        AG-UI events
+    """
+    # Emit run started
+    yield create_run_started_event(thread_id, run_id)
+    
+    message_id = str(uuid.uuid4())
+    message_started = False
+    
+    try:
+        async for chunk in response_stream:
+            if not message_started:
+                yield TextMessageStartEvent(message_id=message_id, role="assistant")
+                message_started = True
+            
+            if chunk:
+                yield TextMessageContentEvent(message_id=message_id, delta=chunk)
+        
+        if message_started:
+            yield TextMessageEndEvent(message_id=message_id)
+        
+        # Emit run finished
+        yield create_run_finished_event(thread_id, run_id)
+        
+    except Exception as e:
+        if message_started:
+            yield TextMessageEndEvent(message_id=message_id)
+        yield create_run_error_event(str(e))
+
+
+async def async_stream_agent_response(
+    agent,
+    user_input: str,
+    thread_id: str,
+    run_id: str,
+    session_state: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = None,
+    messages: Optional[List[Dict[str, Any]]] = None
+) -> AsyncIterator[BaseEvent]:
+    """
+    Stream an agent's response as AG-UI events.
+    
+    Args:
+        agent: PraisonAI Agent instance
+        user_input: User input string
+        thread_id: Thread ID
+        run_id: Run ID
+        session_state: Optional session state
+        messages: Optional message history
+        
+    Yields:
+        AG-UI events
+    """
+    import asyncio
+    
+    # Emit run started
+    yield create_run_started_event(thread_id, run_id)
+    
+    message_id = str(uuid.uuid4())
+    
+    try:
+        # Check if agent has async chat method
+        if hasattr(agent, 'achat'):
+            response = await agent.achat(user_input)
+        elif hasattr(agent, 'chat'):
+            # Run sync chat in executor
+            loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()
+            response = await loop.run_in_executor(None, agent.chat, user_input)
+        else:
+            raise ValueError("Agent must have 'chat' or 'achat' method")
+        
+        # Emit text message events
+        yield TextMessageStartEvent(message_id=message_id, role="assistant")
+        
+        if response:
+            yield TextMessageContentEvent(message_id=message_id, delta=str(response))
+        
+        yield TextMessageEndEvent(message_id=message_id)
+        
+        # Emit run finished
+        yield create_run_finished_event(thread_id, run_id)
+        
+    except Exception as e:
+        yield create_run_error_event(str(e))
+
+
+async def async_stream_agents_response(
+    agents,
+    user_input: str,
+    thread_id: str,
+    run_id: str,
+    session_state: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = None
+) -> AsyncIterator[BaseEvent]:
+    """
+    Stream a PraisonAIAgents workflow response as AG-UI events.
+    
+    Args:
+        agents: PraisonAIAgents instance
+        user_input: User input string
+        thread_id: Thread ID
+        run_id: Run ID
+        session_state: Optional session state
+        
+    Yields:
+        AG-UI events
+    """
+    import asyncio
+    
+    # Emit run started
+    yield create_run_started_event(thread_id, run_id)
+    
+    message_id = str(uuid.uuid4())
+    
+    try:
+        # Check if agents has async start method
+        if hasattr(agents, 'astart'):
+            result = await agents.astart(user_input)
+        elif hasattr(agents, 'start'):
+            # Run sync start in executor
+            loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()
+            result = await loop.run_in_executor(None, agents.start, user_input)
+        else:
+            raise ValueError("Agents must have 'start' or 'astart' method")
+        
+        # Emit text message events with result
+        yield TextMessageStartEvent(message_id=message_id, role="assistant")
+        
+        if result:
+            # Handle different result types
+            if isinstance(result, dict):
+                content = result.get("output", str(result))
+            elif hasattr(result, "raw"):
+                content = result.raw
+            else:
+                content = str(result)
+            
+            yield TextMessageContentEvent(message_id=message_id, delta=content)
+        
+        yield TextMessageEndEvent(message_id=message_id)
+        
+        # Emit run finished
+        yield create_run_finished_event(thread_id, run_id)
+        
+    except Exception as e:
+        yield create_run_error_event(str(e))

src/praisonai-agents/praisonaiagents/ui/agui/types.py

@@ -0,0 +1,183 @@
+"""
+AG-UI Protocol Types
+
+This module defines the event types and message types for the AG-UI protocol,
+following the ag-ui-protocol specification.
+"""
+
+from enum import Enum
+from typing import Any, Dict, List, Literal, Optional, Union
+from pydantic import BaseModel, Field
+
+
+class EventType(str, Enum):
+    """AG-UI Event Types."""
+    TEXT_MESSAGE_START = "TEXT_MESSAGE_START"
+    TEXT_MESSAGE_CONTENT = "TEXT_MESSAGE_CONTENT"
+    TEXT_MESSAGE_END = "TEXT_MESSAGE_END"
+    TOOL_CALL_START = "TOOL_CALL_START"
+    TOOL_CALL_ARGS = "TOOL_CALL_ARGS"
+    TOOL_CALL_END = "TOOL_CALL_END"
+    TOOL_CALL_RESULT = "TOOL_CALL_RESULT"
+    STATE_SNAPSHOT = "STATE_SNAPSHOT"
+    STATE_DELTA = "STATE_DELTA"
+    RUN_STARTED = "RUN_STARTED"
+    RUN_FINISHED = "RUN_FINISHED"
+    RUN_ERROR = "RUN_ERROR"
+    STEP_STARTED = "STEP_STARTED"
+    STEP_FINISHED = "STEP_FINISHED"
+    CUSTOM = "CUSTOM"
+
+
+class BaseEvent(BaseModel):
+    """Base event for all AG-UI events."""
+    type: EventType
+    timestamp: Optional[int] = None
+    
+    model_config = {"use_enum_values": True}
+
+
+# Text Message Events
+class TextMessageStartEvent(BaseEvent):
+    """Event indicating the start of a text message."""
+    type: Literal["TEXT_MESSAGE_START"] = "TEXT_MESSAGE_START"
+    message_id: str
+    role: str = "assistant"
+
+
+class TextMessageContentEvent(BaseEvent):
+    """Event containing text message content."""
+    type: Literal["TEXT_MESSAGE_CONTENT"] = "TEXT_MESSAGE_CONTENT"
+    message_id: str
+    delta: str
+
+
+class TextMessageEndEvent(BaseEvent):
+    """Event indicating the end of a text message."""
+    type: Literal["TEXT_MESSAGE_END"] = "TEXT_MESSAGE_END"
+    message_id: str
+
+
+# Tool Call Events
+class ToolCallStartEvent(BaseEvent):
+    """Event indicating the start of a tool call."""
+    type: Literal["TOOL_CALL_START"] = "TOOL_CALL_START"
+    tool_call_id: str
+    tool_call_name: str
+    parent_message_id: Optional[str] = None
+
+
+class ToolCallArgsEvent(BaseEvent):
+    """Event containing tool call arguments."""
+    type: Literal["TOOL_CALL_ARGS"] = "TOOL_CALL_ARGS"
+    tool_call_id: str
+    delta: str
+
+
+class ToolCallEndEvent(BaseEvent):
+    """Event indicating the end of a tool call."""
+    type: Literal["TOOL_CALL_END"] = "TOOL_CALL_END"
+    tool_call_id: str
+
+
+class ToolCallResultEvent(BaseEvent):
+    """Event containing tool call result."""
+    type: Literal["TOOL_CALL_RESULT"] = "TOOL_CALL_RESULT"
+    message_id: str
+    tool_call_id: str
+    content: str
+    role: Optional[Literal["tool"]] = "tool"
+
+
+# Run Lifecycle Events
+class RunStartedEvent(BaseEvent):
+    """Event indicating a run has started."""
+    type: Literal["RUN_STARTED"] = "RUN_STARTED"
+    thread_id: str
+    run_id: str
+    parent_run_id: Optional[str] = None
+
+
+class RunFinishedEvent(BaseEvent):
+    """Event indicating a run has finished."""
+    type: Literal["RUN_FINISHED"] = "RUN_FINISHED"
+    thread_id: str
+    run_id: str
+    result: Optional[Any] = None
+
+
+class RunErrorEvent(BaseEvent):
+    """Event indicating a run error."""
+    type: Literal["RUN_ERROR"] = "RUN_ERROR"
+    message: str
+    code: Optional[str] = None
+
+
+# Step Events
+class StepStartedEvent(BaseEvent):
+    """Event indicating a step has started."""
+    type: Literal["STEP_STARTED"] = "STEP_STARTED"
+    step_name: str
+
+
+class StepFinishedEvent(BaseEvent):
+    """Event indicating a step has finished."""
+    type: Literal["STEP_FINISHED"] = "STEP_FINISHED"
+    step_name: str
+
+
+# State Events
+class StateSnapshotEvent(BaseEvent):
+    """Event containing a state snapshot."""
+    type: Literal["STATE_SNAPSHOT"] = "STATE_SNAPSHOT"
+    snapshot: Dict[str, Any]
+
+
+# Message Types
+class FunctionCall(BaseModel):
+    """Function call in a tool call."""
+    name: str
+    arguments: str
+
+
+class ToolCall(BaseModel):
+    """Tool call in a message."""
+    id: str
+    function: FunctionCall
+    type: str = "function"
+
+
+class Message(BaseModel):
+    """AG-UI Message type."""
+    role: Literal["user", "assistant", "system", "tool"]
+    content: Optional[str] = None
+    tool_calls: Optional[List[ToolCall]] = None
+    tool_call_id: Optional[str] = None
+    name: Optional[str] = None
+
+
+class RunAgentInput(BaseModel):
+    """Input for running an agent."""
+    thread_id: str
+    run_id: Optional[str] = None
+    messages: Optional[List[Message]] = Field(default_factory=list)
+    state: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = None
+    forwarded_props: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = None
+
+
+# Union type for all events
+Event = Union[
+    TextMessageStartEvent,
+    TextMessageContentEvent,
+    TextMessageEndEvent,
+    ToolCallStartEvent,
+    ToolCallArgsEvent,
+    ToolCallEndEvent,
+    ToolCallResultEvent,
+    StateSnapshotEvent,
+    RunStartedEvent,
+    RunFinishedEvent,
+    RunErrorEvent,
+    StepStartedEvent,
+    StepFinishedEvent,
+]

src/praisonai-agents/praisonaiagents/workflows/workflows.py

@@ -286,6 +286,7 @@ class Workflow:
     planning_llm: Optional[str] = None  # LLM for planning
     reasoning: bool = False  # Enable chain-of-thought reasoning
     verbose: bool = False  # Enable verbose output
+    stream: bool = True  # Enable streaming responses (default True like PraisonAIAgents)
     
     # Callbacks (like process="workflow")
     on_workflow_start: Optional[Callable[['Workflow', str], None]] = None  # (workflow, input)
@@ -316,7 +317,8 @@ class Workflow:
         self,
         input: str = "",
         llm: Optional[str] = None,
-        verbose: bool = False
+        verbose: bool = False,
+        stream: bool = None
     ) -> Dict[str, Any]:
         """
         Run the workflow with the given input.
@@ -340,16 +342,22 @@ class Workflow:
             input: The input text/prompt for the workflow
             llm: LLM model to use (default: gpt-4o-mini)
             verbose: Print step outputs
+            stream: Enable streaming responses (default: use workflow's stream setting)
             
         Returns:
             Dict with 'output' (final result) and 'steps' (all step results)
         """
         # Use default LLM if not specified
         model = llm or self.default_llm or "gpt-4o-mini"
+        logger.debug(f"Workflow using model: {model} (llm={llm}, default_llm={self.default_llm})")
         
         # Use workflow verbose setting if not overridden
         verbose = verbose or self.verbose
         
+        # Use workflow stream setting if not overridden
+        if stream is None:
+            stream = self.stream
+        
         # Add input to variables
         all_variables = {**self.variables, "input": input}
         
@@ -382,7 +390,7 @@ class Workflow:
             if isinstance(step, Route):
                 # Decision-based routing
                 route_result = self._execute_route(
-                    step, previous_output, input, all_variables, model, verbose
+                    step, previous_output, input, all_variables, model, verbose, stream
                 )
                 results.extend(route_result["steps"])
                 previous_output = route_result["output"]
@@ -393,7 +401,7 @@ class Workflow:
             elif isinstance(step, Parallel):
                 # Parallel execution
                 parallel_result = self._execute_parallel(
-                    step, previous_output, input, all_variables, model, verbose
+                    step, previous_output, input, all_variables, model, verbose, stream
                 )
                 results.extend(parallel_result["steps"])
                 previous_output = parallel_result["output"]
@@ -404,7 +412,7 @@ class Workflow:
             elif isinstance(step, Loop):
                 # Loop over items
                 loop_result = self._execute_loop(
-                    step, previous_output, input, all_variables, model, verbose
+                    step, previous_output, input, all_variables, model, verbose, stream
                 )
                 results.extend(loop_result["steps"])
                 previous_output = loop_result["output"]
@@ -415,7 +423,7 @@ class Workflow:
             elif isinstance(step, Repeat):
                 # Repeat until condition
                 repeat_result = self._execute_repeat(
-                    step, previous_output, input, all_variables, model, verbose
+                    step, previous_output, input, all_variables, model, verbose, stream
                 )
                 results.extend(repeat_result["steps"])
                 previous_output = repeat_result["output"]
@@ -494,7 +502,11 @@ class Workflow:
                         for key, value in all_variables.items():
                             action = action.replace(f"{{{{{key}}}}}", str(value))
                         if previous_output:
-                            action = action.replace("{{previous_output}}", str(previous_output))
+                            if "{{previous_output}}" in action:
+                                action = action.replace("{{previous_output}}", str(previous_output))
+                            else:
+                                # Auto-append context if not explicitly referenced
+                                action = f"{action}\n\nContext from previous step:\n{previous_output}"
                         action = action.replace("{{input}}", input)
                         
                         # Add reasoning prompt if enabled
@@ -508,9 +520,9 @@ class Workflow:
                         # Handle images if present
                         step_images = getattr(step, 'images', None)
                         if step_images:
-                            output = step.agent.chat(action, images=step_images)
+                            output = step.agent.chat(action, images=step_images, stream=stream)
                         else:
-                            output = step.agent.chat(action)
+                            output = step.agent.chat(action, stream=stream)
                         
                         # Handle output_pydantic if present
                         output_pydantic = getattr(step, 'output_pydantic', None)
@@ -538,14 +550,19 @@ class Workflow:
                             llm=config.get("llm", model),
                             tools=step_tools if step_tools else None,
                             verbose=verbose,
-                            reasoning=self.reasoning
+                            reasoning=self.reasoning,
+                            stream=stream
                         )
                         # Substitute variables in action
                         action = step.action
                         for key, value in all_variables.items():
                             action = action.replace(f"{{{{{key}}}}}", str(value))
                         if previous_output:
-                            action = action.replace("{{previous_output}}", str(previous_output))
+                            if "{{previous_output}}" in action:
+                                action = action.replace("{{previous_output}}", str(previous_output))
+                            else:
+                                # Auto-append context if not explicitly referenced
+                                action = f"{action}\n\nContext from previous step:\n{previous_output}"
                         action = action.replace("{{input}}", input)
                         
                         # Add reasoning prompt if enabled
@@ -554,7 +571,8 @@ class Workflow:
                         
                         if validation_feedback:
                             action = f"{action}\n\nPrevious attempt feedback: {validation_feedback}"
-                        output = temp_agent.chat(action)
+                        
+                        output = temp_agent.chat(action, stream=stream)
                         
                 except Exception as e:
                     step_error = e
@@ -629,7 +647,7 @@ class Workflow:
             previous_output = output
             
             if verbose:
-                print(f"✅ {step.name}: {str(output)[:100]}...")
+                print(f"✅ {step.name}: {str(output)}")
             
             # Handle early stop
             if stop:
@@ -798,11 +816,16 @@ Create a brief execution plan (2-3 sentences) describing how to best accomplish
         elif hasattr(step, 'chat'):
             # It's an Agent - wrap with agent reference and preserve tools
             agent_tools = getattr(step, 'tools', None)
+            # Check for _yaml_action from YAML parser (canonical: action, alias: description)
+            yaml_action = getattr(step, '_yaml_action', None)
+            # Use yaml_action if set, otherwise fall back to previous_output/input
+            default_action = "{{previous_output}}" if index > 0 else "{{input}}"
+            action = yaml_action if yaml_action else default_action
             return WorkflowStep(
                 name=getattr(step, 'name', f'agent_{index+1}'),
                 agent=step,
                 tools=agent_tools,
-                action="{{previous_output}}" if index > 0 else "{{input}}"
+                action=action
             )
         elif callable(step):
             return WorkflowStep(
@@ -823,7 +846,8 @@ Create a brief execution plan (2-3 sentences) describing how to best accomplish
         all_variables: Dict[str, Any],
         model: str,
         verbose: bool,
-        index: int = 0
+        index: int = 0,
+        stream: bool = True
     ) -> Dict[str, Any]:
         """Execute a single step and return result."""
         normalized = self._normalize_single_step(step, index)
@@ -857,9 +881,13 @@ Create a brief execution plan (2-3 sentences) describing how to best accomplish
                 for key, value in all_variables.items():
                     action = action.replace(f"{{{{{key}}}}}", str(value))
                 if previous_output:
-                    action = action.replace("{{previous_output}}", str(previous_output))
+                    if "{{previous_output}}" in action:
+                        action = action.replace("{{previous_output}}", str(previous_output))
+                    else:
+                        # Auto-append context if not explicitly referenced
+                        action = f"{action}\n\nContext from previous step:\n{previous_output}"
                 action = action.replace("{{input}}", input)
-                output = normalized.agent.chat(action)
+                output = normalized.agent.chat(action, stream=stream)
             except Exception as e:
                 output = f"Error: {e}"
         elif normalized.action:
@@ -871,19 +899,25 @@ Create a brief execution plan (2-3 sentences) describing how to best accomplish
                     role=config.get("role", "Assistant"),
                     goal=config.get("goal", "Complete the task"),
                     llm=config.get("llm", model),
-                    verbose=verbose
+                    verbose=verbose,
+                    stream=stream
                 )
                 action = normalized.action
                 for key, value in all_variables.items():
                     action = action.replace(f"{{{{{key}}}}}", str(value))
                 if previous_output:
-                    action = action.replace("{{previous_output}}", str(previous_output))
-                output = temp_agent.chat(action)
+                    if "{{previous_output}}" in action:
+                        action = action.replace("{{previous_output}}", str(previous_output))
+                    else:
+                        # Auto-append context if not explicitly referenced
+                        action = f"{action}\n\nContext from previous step:\n{previous_output}"
+                
+                output = temp_agent.chat(action, stream=stream)
             except Exception as e:
                 output = f"Error: {e}"
         
         if verbose:
-            print(f"✅ {normalized.name}: {str(output)[:100]}...")
+            print(f"✅ {normalized.name}: {str(output)}")
         
         return {
             "step": normalized.name,
@@ -899,7 +933,8 @@ Create a brief execution plan (2-3 sentences) describing how to best accomplish
         input: str,
         all_variables: Dict[str, Any],
         model: str,
-        verbose: bool
+        verbose: bool,
+        stream: bool = True
     ) -> Dict[str, Any]:
         """Execute routing based on previous output."""
         results = []
@@ -925,7 +960,7 @@ Create a brief execution plan (2-3 sentences) describing how to best accomplish
         # Execute matched route steps
         for idx, step in enumerate(matched_route):
             step_result = self._execute_single_step_internal(
-                step, output, input, all_variables, model, verbose, idx
+                step, output, input, all_variables, model, verbose, idx, stream=stream
             )
             results.append({"step": step_result["step"], "output": step_result["output"]})
             output = step_result["output"]
@@ -943,7 +978,8 @@ Create a brief execution plan (2-3 sentences) describing how to best accomplish
         input: str,
         all_variables: Dict[str, Any],
         model: str,
-        verbose: bool
+        verbose: bool,
+        stream: bool = True
     ) -> Dict[str, Any]:
         """Execute steps in parallel (simulated with sequential for now)."""
         import concurrent.futures
@@ -960,7 +996,7 @@ Create a brief execution plan (2-3 sentences) describing how to best accomplish
             for idx, step in enumerate(parallel_step.steps):
                 future = executor.submit(
                     self._execute_single_step_internal,
-                    step, previous_output, input, all_variables.copy(), model, False, idx
+                    step, previous_output, input, all_variables.copy(), model, False, idx, stream
                 )
                 futures.append((idx, future))
             
@@ -989,7 +1025,8 @@ Create a brief execution plan (2-3 sentences) describing how to best accomplish
         input: str,
         all_variables: Dict[str, Any],
         model: str,
-        verbose: bool
+        verbose: bool,
+        stream: bool = True
     ) -> Dict[str, Any]:
         """Execute step for each item in loop."""
         import csv
@@ -1029,7 +1066,7 @@ Create a brief execution plan (2-3 sentences) describing how to best accomplish
             loop_vars["loop_index"] = idx
             
             step_result = self._execute_single_step_internal(
-                loop_step.step, previous_output, input, loop_vars, model, verbose, idx
+                loop_step.step, previous_output, input, loop_vars, model, verbose, idx, stream=stream
             )
             results.append({"step": f"{step_result['step']}_{idx}", "output": step_result["output"]})
             outputs.append(step_result["output"])
@@ -1047,7 +1084,8 @@ Create a brief execution plan (2-3 sentences) describing how to best accomplish
         input: str,
         all_variables: Dict[str, Any],
         model: str,
-        verbose: bool
+        verbose: bool,
+        stream: bool = True
     ) -> Dict[str, Any]:
         """Repeat step until condition is met."""
         results = []
@@ -1058,7 +1096,7 @@ Create a brief execution plan (2-3 sentences) describing how to best accomplish
         
         for iteration in range(repeat_step.max_iterations):
             step_result = self._execute_single_step_internal(
-                repeat_step.step, output, input, all_variables, model, verbose, iteration
+                repeat_step.step, output, input, all_variables, model, verbose, iteration, stream=stream
             )
             results.append({"step": f"{step_result['step']}_{iteration}", "output": step_result["output"]})
             output = step_result["output"]

src/praisonai-agents/praisonaiagents/workflows/yaml_parser.py

@@ -102,7 +102,112 @@ class YAMLWorkflowParser:
             Workflow object ready for execution
         """
         data = yaml.safe_load(yaml_content)
-        return self._parse_workflow_data(data)
+        # Normalize to canonical format (accept both old and new field names)
+        normalized_data = self._normalize_yaml_config(data)
+        return self._parse_workflow_data(normalized_data)
+    
+    def _normalize_yaml_config(self, data: Dict[str, Any]) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        """
+        Normalize YAML config to canonical format.
+        
+        Accepts both old (agents.yaml) and new (workflow.yaml) field names.
+        This implements "Accept liberally, suggest canonically" principle.
+        
+        Canonical names (preferred):
+        - agents (not roles)
+        - instructions (not backstory)  
+        - action (not description)
+        - steps (not tasks)
+        - name (not topic)
+        
+        Args:
+            data: Raw parsed YAML data
+            
+        Returns:
+            Normalized data with canonical field names
+        """
+        if not data:
+            return data
+            
+        normalized = data.copy()
+        
+        # 1. Normalize workflow name: topic -> name (only if topic is used as name, not as input)
+        # Note: 'topic' is legacy, 'input' is canonical for workflow input data
+        if 'topic' in normalized and 'name' not in normalized and 'input' not in normalized:
+            # Legacy behavior: topic was used as both name and input
+            normalized['name'] = normalized.get('topic', 'Unnamed Workflow')
+        
+        # 2. Normalize workflow input: 'input' is canonical, 'topic' is alias
+        # Priority: input > topic (input takes precedence if both exist)
+        if 'input' not in normalized and 'topic' in normalized:
+            normalized['input'] = normalized['topic']
+        
+        # 3. Normalize container: roles -> agents
+        # Note: _convert_roles_to_agents handles backstory -> instructions
+        if 'roles' in normalized and 'agents' not in normalized:
+            normalized['agents'] = self._convert_roles_to_agents(normalized['roles'])
+            # Extract steps from tasks nested in roles if no steps defined
+            if 'steps' not in normalized:
+                normalized['steps'] = self._extract_steps_from_roles(normalized['roles'])
+        
+        # 4. Normalize agent fields: backstory -> instructions (for agents section)
+        if 'agents' in normalized:
+            for agent_id, agent_config in normalized['agents'].items():
+                if isinstance(agent_config, dict):
+                    # backstory -> instructions
+                    if 'backstory' in agent_config and 'instructions' not in agent_config:
+                        agent_config['instructions'] = agent_config['backstory']
+        
+        # 5. Normalize step fields: description -> action
+        if 'steps' in normalized:
+            for step in normalized['steps']:
+                if isinstance(step, dict):
+                    # description -> action
+                    if 'description' in step and 'action' not in step:
+                        step['action'] = step['description']
+                    
+                    # Handle parallel steps
+                    if 'parallel' in step:
+                        for parallel_step in step['parallel']:
+                            if isinstance(parallel_step, dict):
+                                if 'description' in parallel_step and 'action' not in parallel_step:
+                                    parallel_step['action'] = parallel_step['description']
+        
+        return normalized
+    
+    def _extract_steps_from_roles(self, roles: Dict[str, Dict]) -> List[Dict]:
+        """
+        Extract steps from tasks nested within roles (agents.yaml format).
+        
+        Args:
+            roles: The roles section from agents.yaml
+            
+        Returns:
+            List of step definitions
+        """
+        steps = []
+        for role_id, role_config in roles.items():
+            if 'tasks' in role_config:
+                for task_id, task_config in role_config['tasks'].items():
+                    step = {
+                        'name': task_id,
+                        'agent': role_id,
+                    }
+                    # description -> action
+                    if 'description' in task_config:
+                        step['action'] = task_config['description']
+                    elif 'action' in task_config:
+                        step['action'] = task_config['action']
+                    
+                    # Copy other task fields
+                    for field in ['expected_output', 'context', 'output_file', 
+                                  'output_json', 'create_directory', 'callback',
+                                  'async_execution', 'guardrail', 'max_retries']:
+                        if field in task_config:
+                            step[field] = task_config[field]
+                    
+                    steps.append(step)
+        return steps
     
     def _parse_workflow_data(self, data: Dict[str, Any]) -> Workflow:
         """
@@ -127,6 +232,7 @@ class YAMLWorkflowParser:
         workflow_config = data.get('workflow', {})
         planning = workflow_config.get('planning', False)
         planning_llm = workflow_config.get('planning_llm')
+        default_llm = workflow_config.get('default_llm')
         reasoning = workflow_config.get('reasoning', False)
         verbose = workflow_config.get('verbose', False)
         memory_config = workflow_config.get('memory_config')
@@ -156,6 +262,7 @@ class YAMLWorkflowParser:
             variables=variables,
             planning=planning,
             planning_llm=planning_llm,
+            default_llm=default_llm,
             reasoning=reasoning,
             verbose=verbose,
             memory_config=memory_config,
@@ -170,6 +277,10 @@ class YAMLWorkflowParser:
         workflow.process = process
         workflow.manager_llm = manager_llm
         
+        # Store workflow input (from 'input' or 'topic' field)
+        # This is the default input passed to workflow.start() if no input is provided
+        workflow.default_input = data.get('input', data.get('topic', ''))
+        
         return workflow
     
     def _convert_roles_to_agents(self, roles: Dict[str, Dict]) -> Dict[str, Dict]:

src/praisonai-agents/pyproject.toml

@@ -4,8 +4,9 @@ build-backend = "setuptools.build_meta"
 
 [project]
 name = "praisonaiagents"
-version = "0.1.4"
+version = "0.1.17"
 description = "Praison AI agents for completing complex tasks with Self Reflection Agents"
+readme = "README.md"
 requires-python = ">=3.10"
 authors = [
     { name="Mervin Praison" }

src/praisonai-agents/tests/a2a/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+"""A2A Protocol Tests"""

src/praisonai-agents/tests/a2a/test_a2a.py

@@ -0,0 +1,135 @@
+"""
+Tests for Main A2A Class
+
+TDD: Write tests first, then implement A2A class.
+"""
+
+
+class TestA2AClass:
+    """Tests for A2A main class."""
+    
+    def test_a2a_creation_with_agent(self):
+        """Test creating A2A with single agent."""
+        from praisonaiagents import Agent
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a import A2A
+        
+        agent = Agent(name="Test", role="Tester", goal="Test")
+        a2a = A2A(agent=agent)
+        
+        assert a2a.agent is not None
+        assert a2a.name == "Test"
+    
+    def test_a2a_creation_with_custom_name(self):
+        """Test creating A2A with custom name."""
+        from praisonaiagents import Agent
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a import A2A
+        
+        agent = Agent(name="Test", role="Tester", goal="Test")
+        a2a = A2A(agent=agent, name="Custom Name")
+        
+        assert a2a.name == "Custom Name"
+    
+    def test_a2a_requires_agent(self):
+        """Test A2A requires agent or agents."""
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a import A2A
+        import pytest
+        
+        with pytest.raises(ValueError):
+            A2A()
+    
+    def test_a2a_get_agent_card(self):
+        """Test getting Agent Card from A2A."""
+        from praisonaiagents import Agent
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a import A2A
+        
+        agent = Agent(name="Card Test", role="Tester", goal="Test")
+        a2a = A2A(agent=agent, url="http://localhost:8000/a2a")
+        
+        card = a2a.get_agent_card()
+        
+        assert card.name == "Card Test"
+        assert card.url == "http://localhost:8000/a2a"
+    
+    def test_a2a_get_router(self):
+        """Test getting FastAPI router from A2A."""
+        from praisonaiagents import Agent
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a import A2A
+        
+        agent = Agent(name="Router Test", role="Tester", goal="Test")
+        a2a = A2A(agent=agent)
+        
+        router = a2a.get_router()
+        
+        assert router is not None
+        # Check router has routes
+        assert len(router.routes) > 0
+
+
+class TestA2ARouter:
+    """Tests for A2A FastAPI router endpoints."""
+    
+    def test_agent_card_endpoint(self):
+        """Test /.well-known/agent.json endpoint."""
+        from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
+        from fastapi import FastAPI
+        from praisonaiagents import Agent
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a import A2A
+        
+        agent = Agent(name="Endpoint Test", role="Tester", goal="Test")
+        a2a = A2A(agent=agent, url="http://localhost:8000/a2a")
+        
+        app = FastAPI()
+        app.include_router(a2a.get_router())
+        
+        client = TestClient(app)
+        response = client.get("/.well-known/agent.json")
+        
+        assert response.status_code == 200
+        data = response.json()
+        assert data["name"] == "Endpoint Test"
+    
+    def test_status_endpoint(self):
+        """Test /status endpoint."""
+        from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
+        from fastapi import FastAPI
+        from praisonaiagents import Agent
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a import A2A
+        
+        agent = Agent(name="Status Test", role="Tester", goal="Test")
+        a2a = A2A(agent=agent)
+        
+        app = FastAPI()
+        app.include_router(a2a.get_router())
+        
+        client = TestClient(app)
+        response = client.get("/status")
+        
+        assert response.status_code == 200
+        data = response.json()
+        assert data["status"] == "ok"
+
+
+class TestA2AWithTools:
+    """Tests for A2A with agent tools."""
+    
+    def test_a2a_agent_card_includes_skills(self):
+        """Test Agent Card includes skills from tools."""
+        from praisonaiagents import Agent
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a import A2A
+        
+        def my_tool(x: str) -> str:
+            """A test tool."""
+            return x
+        
+        agent = Agent(
+            name="Tool Agent",
+            role="Helper",
+            goal="Help",
+            tools=[my_tool]
+        )
+        a2a = A2A(agent=agent, url="http://localhost:8000/a2a")
+        
+        card = a2a.get_agent_card()
+        
+        assert card.skills is not None
+        assert len(card.skills) >= 1

src/praisonai-agents/tests/a2a/test_agent_card.py

@@ -0,0 +1,200 @@
+"""
+Tests for A2A Agent Card Generation
+
+TDD: Write tests first, then implement agent_card module.
+"""
+
+import json
+
+
+class TestAgentCardGeneration:
+    """Tests for generating Agent Card from PraisonAI Agent."""
+    
+    def test_generate_agent_card_basic(self):
+        """Test generating Agent Card from basic Agent."""
+        from praisonaiagents import Agent
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a.agent_card import generate_agent_card
+        
+        agent = Agent(
+            name="Test Agent",
+            role="Test Role",
+            goal="Test Goal"
+        )
+        
+        card = generate_agent_card(agent, url="http://localhost:8000/a2a")
+        
+        assert card.name == "Test Agent"
+        assert card.url == "http://localhost:8000/a2a"
+        assert card.version == "1.0.0"
+    
+    def test_generate_agent_card_with_description(self):
+        """Test Agent Card includes description from role."""
+        from praisonaiagents import Agent
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a.agent_card import generate_agent_card
+        
+        agent = Agent(
+            name="Research Agent",
+            role="Research Analyst",
+            goal="Research topics thoroughly"
+        )
+        
+        card = generate_agent_card(agent, url="http://localhost:8000/a2a")
+        
+        assert card.description is not None
+        assert "Research" in card.description
+    
+    def test_generate_agent_card_with_instructions(self):
+        """Test Agent Card from Agent with instructions."""
+        from praisonaiagents import Agent
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a.agent_card import generate_agent_card
+        
+        agent = Agent(
+            instructions="You are a helpful assistant that answers questions."
+        )
+        
+        card = generate_agent_card(agent, url="http://localhost:8000/a2a")
+        
+        assert card.name is not None
+        assert card.description is not None
+    
+    def test_generate_agent_card_capabilities(self):
+        """Test Agent Card has correct capabilities."""
+        from praisonaiagents import Agent
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a.agent_card import generate_agent_card
+        
+        agent = Agent(name="Test", role="Tester", goal="Test")
+        
+        card = generate_agent_card(
+            agent, 
+            url="http://localhost:8000/a2a",
+            streaming=True
+        )
+        
+        assert card.capabilities.streaming is True
+
+
+class TestSkillsExtraction:
+    """Tests for extracting skills from Agent tools."""
+    
+    def test_extract_skills_from_function(self):
+        """Test extracting skill from a function tool."""
+        from praisonaiagents import Agent
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a.agent_card import generate_agent_card
+        
+        def search_web(query: str) -> str:
+            """Search the web for information."""
+            return f"Results for: {query}"
+        
+        agent = Agent(
+            name="Search Agent",
+            role="Searcher",
+            goal="Search the web",
+            tools=[search_web]
+        )
+        
+        card = generate_agent_card(agent, url="http://localhost:8000/a2a")
+        
+        assert card.skills is not None
+        assert len(card.skills) >= 1
+        
+        skill_names = [s.name for s in card.skills]
+        assert "search_web" in skill_names
+    
+    def test_extract_skills_with_description(self):
+        """Test skill description comes from function docstring."""
+        from praisonaiagents import Agent
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a.agent_card import generate_agent_card
+        
+        def calculate(expression: str) -> str:
+            """Calculate a mathematical expression."""
+            return str(eval(expression))
+        
+        agent = Agent(
+            name="Calculator",
+            role="Math Helper",
+            goal="Do math",
+            tools=[calculate]
+        )
+        
+        card = generate_agent_card(agent, url="http://localhost:8000/a2a")
+        
+        calc_skill = next((s for s in card.skills if s.name == "calculate"), None)
+        assert calc_skill is not None
+        assert "mathematical" in calc_skill.description.lower()
+    
+    def test_extract_skills_multiple_tools(self):
+        """Test extracting skills from multiple tools."""
+        from praisonaiagents import Agent
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a.agent_card import generate_agent_card
+        
+        def tool_one(x: str) -> str:
+            """First tool."""
+            return x
+        
+        def tool_two(y: str) -> str:
+            """Second tool."""
+            return y
+        
+        agent = Agent(
+            name="Multi Tool Agent",
+            role="Helper",
+            goal="Help",
+            tools=[tool_one, tool_two]
+        )
+        
+        card = generate_agent_card(agent, url="http://localhost:8000/a2a")
+        
+        assert len(card.skills) >= 2
+    
+    def test_no_skills_when_no_tools(self):
+        """Test Agent Card with no tools has empty skills."""
+        from praisonaiagents import Agent
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a.agent_card import generate_agent_card
+        
+        agent = Agent(
+            name="Simple Agent",
+            role="Helper",
+            goal="Help"
+        )
+        
+        card = generate_agent_card(agent, url="http://localhost:8000/a2a")
+        
+        # Skills should be None or empty list
+        assert card.skills is None or len(card.skills) == 0
+
+
+class TestAgentCardSerialization:
+    """Tests for Agent Card JSON serialization."""
+    
+    def test_agent_card_to_json(self):
+        """Test Agent Card can be serialized to JSON."""
+        from praisonaiagents import Agent
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a.agent_card import generate_agent_card
+        
+        agent = Agent(name="Test", role="Tester", goal="Test")
+        card = generate_agent_card(agent, url="http://localhost:8000/a2a")
+        
+        json_str = card.model_dump_json()
+        data = json.loads(json_str)
+        
+        assert "name" in data
+        assert "url" in data
+        assert "capabilities" in data
+    
+    def test_agent_card_camel_case_keys(self):
+        """Test Agent Card JSON uses camelCase keys."""
+        from praisonaiagents import Agent
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a.agent_card import generate_agent_card
+        
+        agent = Agent(name="Test", role="Tester", goal="Test")
+        card = generate_agent_card(
+            agent, 
+            url="http://localhost:8000/a2a",
+            streaming=True
+        )
+        
+        # Use by_alias to get camelCase
+        data = card.model_dump(by_alias=True)
+        
+        # Check capabilities uses camelCase
+        assert "pushNotifications" in data["capabilities"]

src/praisonai-agents/tests/a2a/test_conversion.py

@@ -0,0 +1,190 @@
+"""
+Tests for A2A Message Conversion
+
+TDD: Write tests first, then implement conversion module.
+"""
+
+
+class TestA2AToPraisonAI:
+    """Tests for converting A2A messages to PraisonAI format."""
+    
+    def test_convert_user_message(self):
+        """Test converting A2A user message to PraisonAI format."""
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a.conversion import a2a_to_praisonai_messages
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a.types import Message, Role, TextPart
+        
+        a2a_msg = Message(
+            message_id="msg-1",
+            role=Role.USER,
+            parts=[TextPart(text="Hello, how are you?")]
+        )
+        
+        result = a2a_to_praisonai_messages([a2a_msg])
+        
+        assert len(result) == 1
+        assert result[0]["role"] == "user"
+        assert result[0]["content"] == "Hello, how are you?"
+    
+    def test_convert_agent_message(self):
+        """Test converting A2A agent message to PraisonAI format."""
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a.conversion import a2a_to_praisonai_messages
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a.types import Message, Role, TextPart
+        
+        a2a_msg = Message(
+            message_id="msg-2",
+            role=Role.AGENT,
+            parts=[TextPart(text="I'm doing well, thanks!")]
+        )
+        
+        result = a2a_to_praisonai_messages([a2a_msg])
+        
+        assert len(result) == 1
+        assert result[0]["role"] == "assistant"
+        assert result[0]["content"] == "I'm doing well, thanks!"
+    
+    def test_convert_multiple_parts(self):
+        """Test converting message with multiple text parts."""
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a.conversion import a2a_to_praisonai_messages
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a.types import Message, Role, TextPart
+        
+        a2a_msg = Message(
+            message_id="msg-3",
+            role=Role.USER,
+            parts=[
+                TextPart(text="First part."),
+                TextPart(text="Second part.")
+            ]
+        )
+        
+        result = a2a_to_praisonai_messages([a2a_msg])
+        
+        assert "First part" in result[0]["content"]
+        assert "Second part" in result[0]["content"]
+    
+    def test_convert_conversation_history(self):
+        """Test converting full conversation history."""
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a.conversion import a2a_to_praisonai_messages
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a.types import Message, Role, TextPart
+        
+        messages = [
+            Message(message_id="m1", role=Role.USER, parts=[TextPart(text="Hi")]),
+            Message(message_id="m2", role=Role.AGENT, parts=[TextPart(text="Hello!")]),
+            Message(message_id="m3", role=Role.USER, parts=[TextPart(text="How are you?")]),
+        ]
+        
+        result = a2a_to_praisonai_messages(messages)
+        
+        assert len(result) == 3
+        assert result[0]["role"] == "user"
+        assert result[1]["role"] == "assistant"
+        assert result[2]["role"] == "user"
+
+
+class TestPraisonAIToA2A:
+    """Tests for converting PraisonAI responses to A2A format."""
+    
+    def test_convert_string_response(self):
+        """Test converting string response to A2A Message."""
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a.conversion import praisonai_to_a2a_message
+        
+        response = "This is the agent's response."
+        
+        result = praisonai_to_a2a_message(response)
+        
+        assert result.role.value == "agent"
+        assert len(result.parts) == 1
+        assert result.parts[0].text == response
+    
+    def test_convert_response_with_context(self):
+        """Test converting response with context_id."""
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a.conversion import praisonai_to_a2a_message
+        
+        response = "Response text"
+        
+        result = praisonai_to_a2a_message(response, context_id="ctx-123")
+        
+        assert result.context_id == "ctx-123"
+    
+    def test_convert_response_with_task(self):
+        """Test converting response with task_id."""
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a.conversion import praisonai_to_a2a_message
+        
+        response = "Response text"
+        
+        result = praisonai_to_a2a_message(response, task_id="task-456")
+        
+        assert result.task_id == "task-456"
+
+
+class TestArtifactConversion:
+    """Tests for converting responses to A2A Artifacts."""
+    
+    def test_create_artifact_from_response(self):
+        """Test creating Artifact from response."""
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a.conversion import create_artifact
+        
+        response = "Generated content here."
+        
+        artifact = create_artifact(response)
+        
+        assert artifact.artifact_id is not None
+        assert len(artifact.parts) == 1
+        assert artifact.parts[0].text == response
+    
+    def test_create_artifact_with_name(self):
+        """Test creating Artifact with name."""
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a.conversion import create_artifact
+        
+        response = "Report content"
+        
+        artifact = create_artifact(response, name="Report", description="Generated report")
+        
+        assert artifact.name == "Report"
+        assert artifact.description == "Generated report"
+
+
+class TestExtractUserInput:
+    """Tests for extracting user input from A2A messages."""
+    
+    def test_extract_from_single_message(self):
+        """Test extracting user input from single message."""
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a.conversion import extract_user_input
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a.types import Message, Role, TextPart
+        
+        msg = Message(
+            message_id="m1",
+            role=Role.USER,
+            parts=[TextPart(text="What is AI?")]
+        )
+        
+        result = extract_user_input([msg])
+        
+        assert result == "What is AI?"
+    
+    def test_extract_from_conversation(self):
+        """Test extracting last user input from conversation."""
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a.conversion import extract_user_input
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a.types import Message, Role, TextPart
+        
+        messages = [
+            Message(message_id="m1", role=Role.USER, parts=[TextPart(text="First question")]),
+            Message(message_id="m2", role=Role.AGENT, parts=[TextPart(text="Answer")]),
+            Message(message_id="m3", role=Role.USER, parts=[TextPart(text="Follow up question")]),
+        ]
+        
+        result = extract_user_input(messages)
+        
+        assert result == "Follow up question"
+    
+    def test_extract_empty_when_no_user_message(self):
+        """Test extracting returns empty when no user message."""
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a.conversion import extract_user_input
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a.types import Message, Role, TextPart
+        
+        messages = [
+            Message(message_id="m1", role=Role.AGENT, parts=[TextPart(text="Hello")]),
+        ]
+        
+        result = extract_user_input(messages)
+        
+        assert result == ""

src/praisonai-agents/tests/a2a/test_streaming.py

@@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
+"""
+Tests for A2A Streaming Events
+"""
+
+
+class TestA2AEventEncoder:
+    """Tests for A2AEventEncoder."""
+    
+    def test_encode_event(self):
+        """Test encoding a generic event."""
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a.streaming import A2AEventEncoder
+        
+        result = A2AEventEncoder.encode_event("test", {"key": "value"})
+        
+        assert "event: test" in result
+        assert "data:" in result
+        assert "key" in result
+    
+    def test_encode_task_status(self):
+        """Test encoding TaskStatusUpdateEvent."""
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a.streaming import A2AEventEncoder
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a.types import TaskStatusUpdateEvent, TaskStatus, TaskState
+        
+        event = TaskStatusUpdateEvent(
+            task_id="task-123",
+            status=TaskStatus(state=TaskState.WORKING),
+            final=False,
+        )
+        
+        result = A2AEventEncoder.encode_task_status(event)
+        
+        assert "event: task.status" in result
+        assert "task-123" in result
+    
+    def test_encode_task_artifact(self):
+        """Test encoding TaskArtifactUpdateEvent."""
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a.streaming import A2AEventEncoder
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a.types import TaskArtifactUpdateEvent, Artifact, TextPart
+        
+        artifact = Artifact(
+            artifact_id="art-1",
+            parts=[TextPart(text="Result")]
+        )
+        event = TaskArtifactUpdateEvent(
+            task_id="task-456",
+            artifact=artifact,
+            last_chunk=True,
+        )
+        
+        result = A2AEventEncoder.encode_task_artifact(event)
+        
+        assert "event: task.artifact" in result
+        assert "art-1" in result
+    
+    def test_encode_done(self):
+        """Test encoding done event."""
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a.streaming import A2AEventEncoder
+        
+        result = A2AEventEncoder.encode_done()
+        
+        assert "event: done" in result
+
+
+class TestCreateEvents:
+    """Tests for event creation helpers."""
+    
+    def test_create_status_event(self):
+        """Test creating status event."""
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a.streaming import create_status_event
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a.types import TaskState
+        
+        event = create_status_event(
+            task_id="task-1",
+            state=TaskState.WORKING,
+        )
+        
+        assert event.task_id == "task-1"
+        assert event.status.state == TaskState.WORKING
+    
+    def test_create_status_event_final(self):
+        """Test creating final status event."""
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a.streaming import create_status_event
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a.types import TaskState
+        
+        event = create_status_event(
+            task_id="task-2",
+            state=TaskState.COMPLETED,
+            final=True,
+        )
+        
+        assert event.final is True
+    
+    def test_create_artifact_event(self):
+        """Test creating artifact event."""
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a.streaming import create_artifact_event
+        
+        event = create_artifact_event(
+            task_id="task-3",
+            content="Generated content",
+        )
+        
+        assert event.task_id == "task-3"
+        assert event.artifact is not None
+        assert len(event.artifact.parts) == 1
+    
+    def test_create_artifact_event_last_chunk(self):
+        """Test creating last chunk artifact event."""
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a.streaming import create_artifact_event
+        
+        event = create_artifact_event(
+            task_id="task-4",
+            content="Final content",
+            last_chunk=True,
+        )
+        
+        assert event.last_chunk is True

src/praisonai-agents/tests/a2a/test_task_store.py

@@ -0,0 +1,225 @@
+"""
+Tests for A2A Task Store
+
+TDD: Write tests first, then implement task_store module.
+"""
+
+
+class TestTaskStore:
+    """Tests for TaskStore class."""
+    
+    def test_create_task(self):
+        """Test creating a new task."""
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a.task_store import TaskStore
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a.types import Message, Role, TextPart, TaskState
+        
+        store = TaskStore()
+        msg = Message(
+            message_id="msg-1",
+            role=Role.USER,
+            parts=[TextPart(text="Hello")]
+        )
+        
+        task = store.create_task(msg)
+        
+        assert task.id is not None
+        assert task.status.state == TaskState.SUBMITTED
+    
+    def test_create_task_with_context(self):
+        """Test creating task with context_id."""
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a.task_store import TaskStore
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a.types import Message, Role, TextPart
+        
+        store = TaskStore()
+        msg = Message(
+            message_id="msg-2",
+            role=Role.USER,
+            parts=[TextPart(text="Hello")],
+            context_id="ctx-123"
+        )
+        
+        task = store.create_task(msg)
+        
+        assert task.context_id == "ctx-123"
+    
+    def test_get_task(self):
+        """Test retrieving a task by ID."""
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a.task_store import TaskStore
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a.types import Message, Role, TextPart
+        
+        store = TaskStore()
+        msg = Message(
+            message_id="msg-3",
+            role=Role.USER,
+            parts=[TextPart(text="Hello")]
+        )
+        
+        created = store.create_task(msg)
+        retrieved = store.get_task(created.id)
+        
+        assert retrieved is not None
+        assert retrieved.id == created.id
+    
+    def test_get_task_not_found(self):
+        """Test getting non-existent task returns None."""
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a.task_store import TaskStore
+        
+        store = TaskStore()
+        result = store.get_task("non-existent-id")
+        
+        assert result is None
+    
+    def test_update_status(self):
+        """Test updating task status."""
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a.task_store import TaskStore
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a.types import Message, Role, TextPart, TaskState
+        
+        store = TaskStore()
+        msg = Message(
+            message_id="msg-4",
+            role=Role.USER,
+            parts=[TextPart(text="Hello")]
+        )
+        
+        task = store.create_task(msg)
+        updated = store.update_status(task.id, TaskState.WORKING)
+        
+        assert updated.status.state == TaskState.WORKING
+    
+    def test_update_status_to_completed(self):
+        """Test updating task to completed state."""
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a.task_store import TaskStore
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a.types import Message, Role, TextPart, TaskState
+        
+        store = TaskStore()
+        msg = Message(
+            message_id="msg-5",
+            role=Role.USER,
+            parts=[TextPart(text="Hello")]
+        )
+        
+        task = store.create_task(msg)
+        store.update_status(task.id, TaskState.WORKING)
+        updated = store.update_status(task.id, TaskState.COMPLETED)
+        
+        assert updated.status.state == TaskState.COMPLETED
+    
+    def test_add_artifact(self):
+        """Test adding artifact to task."""
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a.task_store import TaskStore
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a.types import Message, Role, TextPart, Artifact
+        
+        store = TaskStore()
+        msg = Message(
+            message_id="msg-6",
+            role=Role.USER,
+            parts=[TextPart(text="Hello")]
+        )
+        
+        task = store.create_task(msg)
+        artifact = Artifact(
+            artifact_id="art-1",
+            parts=[TextPart(text="Result")]
+        )
+        
+        updated = store.add_artifact(task.id, artifact)
+        
+        assert updated.artifacts is not None
+        assert len(updated.artifacts) == 1
+    
+    def test_add_message_to_history(self):
+        """Test adding message to task history."""
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a.task_store import TaskStore
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a.types import Message, Role, TextPart
+        
+        store = TaskStore()
+        msg1 = Message(
+            message_id="msg-7",
+            role=Role.USER,
+            parts=[TextPart(text="Question")]
+        )
+        
+        task = store.create_task(msg1)
+        
+        msg2 = Message(
+            message_id="msg-8",
+            role=Role.AGENT,
+            parts=[TextPart(text="Answer")]
+        )
+        
+        updated = store.add_to_history(task.id, msg2)
+        
+        assert updated.history is not None
+        assert len(updated.history) >= 1
+    
+    def test_list_tasks(self):
+        """Test listing all tasks."""
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a.task_store import TaskStore
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a.types import Message, Role, TextPart
+        
+        store = TaskStore()
+        
+        for i in range(3):
+            msg = Message(
+                message_id=f"msg-{i}",
+                role=Role.USER,
+                parts=[TextPart(text=f"Message {i}")]
+            )
+            store.create_task(msg)
+        
+        tasks = store.list_tasks()
+        
+        assert len(tasks) == 3
+    
+    def test_cancel_task(self):
+        """Test cancelling a task."""
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a.task_store import TaskStore
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a.types import Message, Role, TextPart, TaskState
+        
+        store = TaskStore()
+        msg = Message(
+            message_id="msg-cancel",
+            role=Role.USER,
+            parts=[TextPart(text="Hello")]
+        )
+        
+        task = store.create_task(msg)
+        cancelled = store.cancel_task(task.id)
+        
+        assert cancelled.status.state == TaskState.CANCELLED
+
+
+class TestTaskStoreContextManagement:
+    """Tests for context management in TaskStore."""
+    
+    def test_tasks_grouped_by_context(self):
+        """Test getting tasks by context_id."""
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a.task_store import TaskStore
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a.types import Message, Role, TextPart
+        
+        store = TaskStore()
+        
+        # Create tasks in context A
+        for i in range(2):
+            msg = Message(
+                message_id=f"msg-a-{i}",
+                role=Role.USER,
+                parts=[TextPart(text=f"A{i}")],
+                context_id="context-a"
+            )
+            store.create_task(msg)
+        
+        # Create task in context B
+        msg_b = Message(
+            message_id="msg-b-1",
+            role=Role.USER,
+            parts=[TextPart(text="B1")],
+            context_id="context-b"
+        )
+        store.create_task(msg_b)
+        
+        tasks_a = store.list_tasks(context_id="context-a")
+        tasks_b = store.list_tasks(context_id="context-b")
+        
+        assert len(tasks_a) == 2
+        assert len(tasks_b) == 1

src/praisonai-agents/tests/a2a/test_types.py

@@ -0,0 +1,395 @@
+"""
+Tests for A2A Protocol Types
+
+TDD: Write tests first, then implement types.
+"""
+
+import json
+from datetime import datetime
+
+
+class TestTaskState:
+    """Tests for TaskState enum."""
+    
+    def test_task_state_submitted(self):
+        """Test SUBMITTED state exists."""
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a.types import TaskState
+        assert TaskState.SUBMITTED == "submitted"
+    
+    def test_task_state_working(self):
+        """Test WORKING state exists."""
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a.types import TaskState
+        assert TaskState.WORKING == "working"
+    
+    def test_task_state_completed(self):
+        """Test COMPLETED state exists."""
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a.types import TaskState
+        assert TaskState.COMPLETED == "completed"
+    
+    def test_task_state_failed(self):
+        """Test FAILED state exists."""
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a.types import TaskState
+        assert TaskState.FAILED == "failed"
+    
+    def test_task_state_cancelled(self):
+        """Test CANCELLED state exists."""
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a.types import TaskState
+        assert TaskState.CANCELLED == "cancelled"
+    
+    def test_task_state_input_required(self):
+        """Test INPUT_REQUIRED state exists."""
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a.types import TaskState
+        assert TaskState.INPUT_REQUIRED == "input_required"
+    
+    def test_task_state_auth_required(self):
+        """Test AUTH_REQUIRED state exists."""
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a.types import TaskState
+        assert TaskState.AUTH_REQUIRED == "auth_required"
+
+
+class TestRole:
+    """Tests for Role enum."""
+    
+    def test_role_user(self):
+        """Test USER role exists."""
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a.types import Role
+        assert Role.USER == "user"
+    
+    def test_role_agent(self):
+        """Test AGENT role exists."""
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a.types import Role
+        assert Role.AGENT == "agent"
+
+
+class TestPart:
+    """Tests for Part models."""
+    
+    def test_text_part_creation(self):
+        """Test TextPart can be created."""
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a.types import TextPart
+        part = TextPart(text="Hello, world!")
+        assert part.text == "Hello, world!"
+    
+    def test_file_part_with_uri(self):
+        """Test FilePart with URI."""
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a.types import FilePart
+        part = FilePart(
+            file_uri="https://example.com/file.pdf",
+            media_type="application/pdf",
+            name="document.pdf"
+        )
+        assert part.file_uri == "https://example.com/file.pdf"
+        assert part.media_type == "application/pdf"
+    
+    def test_file_part_with_bytes(self):
+        """Test FilePart with bytes."""
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a.types import FilePart
+        part = FilePart(
+            file_bytes=b"file content",
+            media_type="text/plain",
+            name="test.txt"
+        )
+        assert part.file_bytes == b"file content"
+    
+    def test_data_part_creation(self):
+        """Test DataPart can be created."""
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a.types import DataPart
+        part = DataPart(data={"key": "value", "count": 42})
+        assert part.data == {"key": "value", "count": 42}
+
+
+class TestMessage:
+    """Tests for Message model."""
+    
+    def test_message_creation(self):
+        """Test Message can be created."""
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a.types import Message, Role, TextPart
+        msg = Message(
+            message_id="msg-123",
+            role=Role.USER,
+            parts=[TextPart(text="Hello")]
+        )
+        assert msg.message_id == "msg-123"
+        assert msg.role == Role.USER
+        assert len(msg.parts) == 1
+    
+    def test_message_with_context(self):
+        """Test Message with context_id."""
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a.types import Message, Role, TextPart
+        msg = Message(
+            message_id="msg-456",
+            role=Role.AGENT,
+            parts=[TextPart(text="Response")],
+            context_id="ctx-789"
+        )
+        assert msg.context_id == "ctx-789"
+    
+    def test_message_with_task(self):
+        """Test Message with task_id."""
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a.types import Message, Role, TextPart
+        msg = Message(
+            message_id="msg-789",
+            role=Role.AGENT,
+            parts=[TextPart(text="Working on it")],
+            task_id="task-123"
+        )
+        assert msg.task_id == "task-123"
+
+
+class TestTaskStatus:
+    """Tests for TaskStatus model."""
+    
+    def test_task_status_creation(self):
+        """Test TaskStatus can be created."""
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a.types import TaskStatus, TaskState
+        status = TaskStatus(state=TaskState.WORKING)
+        assert status.state == TaskState.WORKING
+    
+    def test_task_status_with_message(self):
+        """Test TaskStatus with message."""
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a.types import TaskStatus, TaskState, Message, Role, TextPart
+        msg = Message(
+            message_id="msg-1",
+            role=Role.AGENT,
+            parts=[TextPart(text="Processing...")]
+        )
+        status = TaskStatus(state=TaskState.WORKING, message=msg)
+        assert status.message is not None
+    
+    def test_task_status_with_timestamp(self):
+        """Test TaskStatus with timestamp."""
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a.types import TaskStatus, TaskState
+        ts = datetime.utcnow().isoformat()
+        status = TaskStatus(state=TaskState.COMPLETED, timestamp=ts)
+        assert status.timestamp == ts
+
+
+class TestTask:
+    """Tests for Task model."""
+    
+    def test_task_creation(self):
+        """Test Task can be created."""
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a.types import Task, TaskStatus, TaskState
+        task = Task(
+            id="task-123",
+            status=TaskStatus(state=TaskState.SUBMITTED)
+        )
+        assert task.id == "task-123"
+        assert task.status.state == TaskState.SUBMITTED
+    
+    def test_task_with_context(self):
+        """Test Task with context_id."""
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a.types import Task, TaskStatus, TaskState
+        task = Task(
+            id="task-456",
+            context_id="ctx-789",
+            status=TaskStatus(state=TaskState.WORKING)
+        )
+        assert task.context_id == "ctx-789"
+    
+    def test_task_with_artifacts(self):
+        """Test Task with artifacts."""
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a.types import Task, TaskStatus, TaskState, Artifact, TextPart
+        artifact = Artifact(
+            artifact_id="art-1",
+            parts=[TextPart(text="Result")]
+        )
+        task = Task(
+            id="task-789",
+            status=TaskStatus(state=TaskState.COMPLETED),
+            artifacts=[artifact]
+        )
+        assert len(task.artifacts) == 1
+    
+    def test_task_with_history(self):
+        """Test Task with message history."""
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a.types import Task, TaskStatus, TaskState, Message, Role, TextPart
+        msg1 = Message(message_id="m1", role=Role.USER, parts=[TextPart(text="Q")])
+        msg2 = Message(message_id="m2", role=Role.AGENT, parts=[TextPart(text="A")])
+        task = Task(
+            id="task-abc",
+            status=TaskStatus(state=TaskState.COMPLETED),
+            history=[msg1, msg2]
+        )
+        assert len(task.history) == 2
+
+
+class TestArtifact:
+    """Tests for Artifact model."""
+    
+    def test_artifact_creation(self):
+        """Test Artifact can be created."""
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a.types import Artifact, TextPart
+        artifact = Artifact(
+            artifact_id="art-123",
+            parts=[TextPart(text="Generated content")]
+        )
+        assert artifact.artifact_id == "art-123"
+    
+    def test_artifact_with_name(self):
+        """Test Artifact with name and description."""
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a.types import Artifact, TextPart
+        artifact = Artifact(
+            artifact_id="art-456",
+            name="Report",
+            description="Generated report",
+            parts=[TextPart(text="Report content")]
+        )
+        assert artifact.name == "Report"
+        assert artifact.description == "Generated report"
+
+
+class TestAgentSkill:
+    """Tests for AgentSkill model."""
+    
+    def test_agent_skill_creation(self):
+        """Test AgentSkill can be created."""
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a.types import AgentSkill
+        skill = AgentSkill(
+            id="search",
+            name="Web Search",
+            description="Search the web for information"
+        )
+        assert skill.id == "search"
+        assert skill.name == "Web Search"
+    
+    def test_agent_skill_with_tags(self):
+        """Test AgentSkill with tags."""
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a.types import AgentSkill
+        skill = AgentSkill(
+            id="calc",
+            name="Calculator",
+            description="Perform calculations",
+            tags=["math", "utility"]
+        )
+        assert skill.tags == ["math", "utility"]
+    
+    def test_agent_skill_with_examples(self):
+        """Test AgentSkill with examples."""
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a.types import AgentSkill
+        skill = AgentSkill(
+            id="translate",
+            name="Translator",
+            description="Translate text",
+            examples=["Translate hello to Spanish", "What is bonjour in English?"]
+        )
+        assert len(skill.examples) == 2
+
+
+class TestAgentCapabilities:
+    """Tests for AgentCapabilities model."""
+    
+    def test_capabilities_creation(self):
+        """Test AgentCapabilities can be created."""
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a.types import AgentCapabilities
+        caps = AgentCapabilities(streaming=True)
+        assert caps.streaming is True
+    
+    def test_capabilities_defaults(self):
+        """Test AgentCapabilities defaults."""
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a.types import AgentCapabilities
+        caps = AgentCapabilities()
+        assert caps.streaming is False
+        assert caps.push_notifications is False
+
+
+class TestAgentCard:
+    """Tests for AgentCard model."""
+    
+    def test_agent_card_creation(self):
+        """Test AgentCard can be created."""
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a.types import AgentCard, AgentCapabilities
+        card = AgentCard(
+            name="Research Agent",
+            url="http://localhost:8000/a2a",
+            version="1.0.0",
+            capabilities=AgentCapabilities(streaming=True)
+        )
+        assert card.name == "Research Agent"
+        assert card.url == "http://localhost:8000/a2a"
+    
+    def test_agent_card_with_skills(self):
+        """Test AgentCard with skills."""
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a.types import AgentCard, AgentCapabilities, AgentSkill
+        skill = AgentSkill(id="search", name="Search", description="Search web")
+        card = AgentCard(
+            name="Search Agent",
+            url="http://localhost:8000/a2a",
+            version="1.0.0",
+            capabilities=AgentCapabilities(),
+            skills=[skill]
+        )
+        assert len(card.skills) == 1
+    
+    def test_agent_card_json_serialization(self):
+        """Test AgentCard can be serialized to JSON."""
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a.types import AgentCard, AgentCapabilities
+        card = AgentCard(
+            name="Test Agent",
+            url="http://localhost:8000/a2a",
+            version="1.0.0",
+            capabilities=AgentCapabilities()
+        )
+        json_str = card.model_dump_json()
+        data = json.loads(json_str)
+        assert data["name"] == "Test Agent"
+
+
+class TestSendMessageRequest:
+    """Tests for SendMessageRequest model."""
+    
+    def test_send_message_request_creation(self):
+        """Test SendMessageRequest can be created."""
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a.types import SendMessageRequest, Message, Role, TextPart
+        msg = Message(
+            message_id="msg-1",
+            role=Role.USER,
+            parts=[TextPart(text="Hello")]
+        )
+        req = SendMessageRequest(message=msg)
+        assert req.message.message_id == "msg-1"
+    
+    def test_send_message_request_with_config(self):
+        """Test SendMessageRequest with configuration."""
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a.types import SendMessageRequest, Message, Role, TextPart, MessageConfig
+        msg = Message(
+            message_id="msg-2",
+            role=Role.USER,
+            parts=[TextPart(text="Search for AI")]
+        )
+        config = MessageConfig(
+            accept_content_types=["text/plain", "application/json"]
+        )
+        req = SendMessageRequest(message=msg, configuration=config)
+        assert req.configuration is not None
+
+
+class TestStreamingEvents:
+    """Tests for streaming event models."""
+    
+    def test_task_status_update_event(self):
+        """Test TaskStatusUpdateEvent creation."""
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a.types import TaskStatusUpdateEvent, TaskStatus, TaskState
+        event = TaskStatusUpdateEvent(
+            task_id="task-123",
+            status=TaskStatus(state=TaskState.WORKING),
+            final=False
+        )
+        assert event.task_id == "task-123"
+        assert event.final is False
+    
+    def test_task_artifact_update_event(self):
+        """Test TaskArtifactUpdateEvent creation."""
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2a.types import TaskArtifactUpdateEvent, Artifact, TextPart
+        artifact = Artifact(
+            artifact_id="art-1",
+            parts=[TextPart(text="Partial result")]
+        )
+        event = TaskArtifactUpdateEvent(
+            task_id="task-456",
+            artifact=artifact,
+            append=True,
+            last_chunk=False
+        )
+        assert event.append is True
+        assert event.last_chunk is False

src/praisonai-agents/tests/a2ui/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+"""A2UI Tests Package."""

src/praisonai-agents/tests/a2ui/test_agent.py

@@ -0,0 +1,201 @@
+"""
+Tests for A2UI Agent Integration
+
+TDD: Write tests first, then implement the A2UIAgent class.
+"""
+
+import os
+import pytest
+
+
+# Skip tests if no API key
+pytestmark = pytest.mark.skipif(
+    not os.environ.get("OPENAI_API_KEY"),
+    reason="OPENAI_API_KEY not set"
+)
+
+
+class TestA2UIAgent:
+    """Test A2UIAgent wrapper class."""
+
+    def test_a2ui_agent_creation(self):
+        """Test A2UIAgent creation with an agent."""
+        from praisonaiagents import Agent
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2ui.agent import A2UIAgent
+        
+        agent = Agent(
+            name="TestAgent",
+            role="Test assistant",
+            goal="Help with testing"
+        )
+        
+        a2ui_agent = A2UIAgent(agent=agent)
+        
+        assert a2ui_agent.agent is agent
+        assert a2ui_agent.surface_id is not None
+
+    def test_a2ui_agent_with_custom_surface_id(self):
+        """Test A2UIAgent with custom surface ID."""
+        from praisonaiagents import Agent
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2ui.agent import A2UIAgent
+        
+        agent = Agent(name="TestAgent", role="Test", goal="Test")
+        a2ui_agent = A2UIAgent(agent=agent, surface_id="custom-surface")
+        
+        assert a2ui_agent.surface_id == "custom-surface"
+
+    def test_render_text_response(self):
+        """Test rendering a simple text response as A2UI."""
+        from praisonaiagents import Agent
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2ui.agent import A2UIAgent
+        
+        agent = Agent(name="TestAgent", role="Test", goal="Test")
+        a2ui_agent = A2UIAgent(agent=agent)
+        
+        # Render a simple text response
+        messages = a2ui_agent.render_text("Hello, World!")
+        
+        assert isinstance(messages, list)
+        assert len(messages) >= 2  # createSurface + updateComponents
+        
+        # Check createSurface
+        assert "createSurface" in messages[0]
+        
+        # Check updateComponents has a text component
+        update_msg = next((m for m in messages if "updateComponents" in m), None)
+        assert update_msg is not None
+        components = update_msg["updateComponents"]["components"]
+        assert any(c.get("component") == "Text" for c in components)
+
+    def test_render_list_response(self):
+        """Test rendering a list of items as A2UI cards."""
+        from praisonaiagents import Agent
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2ui.agent import A2UIAgent
+        
+        agent = Agent(name="TestAgent", role="Test", goal="Test")
+        a2ui_agent = A2UIAgent(agent=agent)
+        
+        items = [
+            {"title": "Item 1", "description": "First item"},
+            {"title": "Item 2", "description": "Second item"},
+        ]
+        
+        messages = a2ui_agent.render_list(
+            title="My Items",
+            items=items,
+            item_title_key="title",
+            item_description_key="description"
+        )
+        
+        assert isinstance(messages, list)
+        assert len(messages) >= 2
+
+    def test_render_form(self):
+        """Test rendering a form as A2UI."""
+        from praisonaiagents import Agent
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2ui.agent import A2UIAgent
+        
+        agent = Agent(name="TestAgent", role="Test", goal="Test")
+        a2ui_agent = A2UIAgent(agent=agent)
+        
+        fields = [
+            {"id": "name", "label": "Name", "type": "text"},
+            {"id": "email", "label": "Email", "type": "text"},
+        ]
+        
+        messages = a2ui_agent.render_form(
+            title="Contact Form",
+            fields=fields,
+            submit_action="submit_form"
+        )
+        
+        assert isinstance(messages, list)
+        assert len(messages) >= 2
+        
+        # Check for TextField components
+        update_msg = next((m for m in messages if "updateComponents" in m), None)
+        assert update_msg is not None
+        components = update_msg["updateComponents"]["components"]
+        text_fields = [c for c in components if c.get("component") == "TextField"]
+        assert len(text_fields) >= 2
+
+    def test_get_surface(self):
+        """Test getting the underlying Surface object."""
+        from praisonaiagents import Agent
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2ui.agent import A2UIAgent
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2ui.surface import Surface
+        
+        agent = Agent(name="TestAgent", role="Test", goal="Test")
+        a2ui_agent = A2UIAgent(agent=agent)
+        
+        surface = a2ui_agent.get_surface()
+        
+        assert isinstance(surface, Surface)
+        assert surface.surface_id == a2ui_agent.surface_id
+
+
+class TestA2UIAgentWithLLM:
+    """Test A2UIAgent with actual LLM calls."""
+
+    @pytest.mark.asyncio
+    async def test_chat_with_ui(self):
+        """Test chat that returns A2UI response."""
+        from praisonaiagents import Agent
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2ui.agent import A2UIAgent
+        
+        agent = Agent(
+            name="UIAgent",
+            role="UI Generator",
+            goal="Generate helpful UI responses",
+            llm="gpt-4o-mini"
+        )
+        
+        a2ui_agent = A2UIAgent(agent=agent)
+        
+        # This should work with the agent's chat
+        response = await a2ui_agent.chat_async("Say hello")
+        
+        assert response is not None
+        # Response should contain text
+        assert isinstance(response, str) or isinstance(response, dict)
+
+
+class TestA2UIAgentIntegration:
+    """Integration tests for A2UIAgent with A2A."""
+
+    def test_get_a2a_data_part(self):
+        """Test getting A2UI as A2A DataPart."""
+        from praisonaiagents import Agent
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2ui.agent import A2UIAgent
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2ui.extension import is_a2ui_part
+        
+        agent = Agent(name="TestAgent", role="Test", goal="Test")
+        a2ui_agent = A2UIAgent(agent=agent)
+        
+        # Render something
+        a2ui_agent.render_text("Hello")
+        
+        # Get as A2A DataPart
+        part = a2ui_agent.to_a2a_part()
+        
+        assert part is not None
+        assert is_a2ui_part(part)
+
+    def test_to_json(self):
+        """Test getting A2UI as JSON string."""
+        from praisonaiagents import Agent
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2ui.agent import A2UIAgent
+        import json
+        
+        agent = Agent(name="TestAgent", role="Test", goal="Test")
+        a2ui_agent = A2UIAgent(agent=agent)
+        
+        # Render something
+        a2ui_agent.render_text("Hello")
+        
+        # Get as JSON
+        json_str = a2ui_agent.to_json()
+        
+        # Should be valid JSON
+        parsed = json.loads(json_str)
+        assert isinstance(parsed, list)

src/praisonai-agents/tests/a2ui/test_extension.py

@@ -0,0 +1,115 @@
+"""
+Tests for A2UI Extension Module
+
+TDD: Write tests first, then implement the extension.
+"""
+
+
+class TestA2UIExtension:
+    """Test A2UI extension helpers for A2A integration."""
+
+    def test_a2ui_mime_type(self):
+        """Test A2UI MIME type constant."""
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2ui.extension import A2UI_MIME_TYPE
+        
+        assert A2UI_MIME_TYPE == "application/json+a2ui"
+
+    def test_a2ui_extension_uri(self):
+        """Test A2UI extension URI constant."""
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2ui.extension import A2UI_EXTENSION_URI
+        
+        assert "a2ui" in A2UI_EXTENSION_URI.lower()
+
+    def test_create_a2ui_part(self):
+        """Test create_a2ui_part wraps A2UI data in A2A DataPart."""
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2ui.extension import create_a2ui_part, A2UI_MIME_TYPE
+        
+        a2ui_data = {
+            "createSurface": {
+                "surfaceId": "main",
+                "catalogId": "https://a2ui.dev/standard"
+            }
+        }
+        
+        part = create_a2ui_part(a2ui_data)
+        
+        # Should return a Part with DataPart root
+        assert part is not None
+        assert hasattr(part, 'data')
+        assert part.data == a2ui_data
+        assert part.metadata is not None
+        assert part.metadata.get("mimeType") == A2UI_MIME_TYPE
+
+    def test_is_a2ui_part_true(self):
+        """Test is_a2ui_part returns True for A2UI parts."""
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2ui.extension import create_a2ui_part, is_a2ui_part
+        
+        a2ui_data = {"createSurface": {"surfaceId": "main", "catalogId": "test"}}
+        part = create_a2ui_part(a2ui_data)
+        
+        assert is_a2ui_part(part) is True
+
+    def test_is_a2ui_part_false(self):
+        """Test is_a2ui_part returns False for non-A2UI parts."""
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2ui.extension import is_a2ui_part
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2ui.types import A2UIDataPart
+        
+        # Create a regular data part without A2UI mime type
+        part = A2UIDataPart(data={"foo": "bar"}, metadata={"mimeType": "application/json"})
+        
+        assert is_a2ui_part(part) is False
+
+    def test_get_a2ui_agent_extension(self):
+        """Test get_a2ui_agent_extension returns AgentExtension config."""
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2ui.extension import get_a2ui_agent_extension
+        
+        ext = get_a2ui_agent_extension()
+        
+        assert ext is not None
+        assert hasattr(ext, 'uri')
+        assert "a2ui" in ext.uri.lower()
+        assert hasattr(ext, 'description')
+
+    def test_get_a2ui_agent_extension_with_inline_catalog(self):
+        """Test get_a2ui_agent_extension with inline catalog support."""
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2ui.extension import get_a2ui_agent_extension
+        
+        ext = get_a2ui_agent_extension(accepts_inline_custom_catalog=True)
+        
+        assert ext.params is not None
+        assert ext.params.get("acceptsInlineCustomCatalog") is True
+
+    def test_standard_catalog_id(self):
+        """Test standard catalog ID constant."""
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2ui.extension import STANDARD_CATALOG_ID
+        
+        assert "standard_catalog" in STANDARD_CATALOG_ID.lower() or "a2ui" in STANDARD_CATALOG_ID.lower()
+
+
+class TestA2UIDataPart:
+    """Test A2UI DataPart type."""
+
+    def test_a2ui_data_part_creation(self):
+        """Test A2UIDataPart creation."""
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2ui.types import A2UIDataPart
+        
+        part = A2UIDataPart(
+            data={"test": "value"},
+            metadata={"mimeType": "application/json+a2ui"}
+        )
+        
+        assert part.data == {"test": "value"}
+        assert part.metadata["mimeType"] == "application/json+a2ui"
+
+    def test_a2ui_data_part_to_dict(self):
+        """Test A2UIDataPart serialization."""
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2ui.types import A2UIDataPart
+        
+        part = A2UIDataPart(
+            data={"createSurface": {"surfaceId": "main"}},
+            metadata={"mimeType": "application/json+a2ui"}
+        )
+        
+        data = part.to_dict()
+        assert "data" in data
+        assert "metadata" in data

src/praisonai-agents/tests/a2ui/test_integration.py

@@ -0,0 +1,225 @@
+"""
+End-to-End Integration Tests for A2UI
+
+Tests the complete A2UI workflow from agent to JSON output.
+"""
+
+import json
+import os
+import pytest
+
+
+class TestA2UIEndToEnd:
+    """End-to-end integration tests."""
+
+    def test_complete_surface_workflow(self):
+        """Test complete workflow: create surface, add components, generate JSON."""
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2ui import (
+            Surface,
+            PathBinding,
+        )
+        
+        # Create surface
+        surface = Surface(surface_id="test-surface")
+        
+        # Add components using fluent API
+        surface.text(id="title", text="Welcome", usage_hint="h1")
+        surface.text(id="subtitle", text=PathBinding(path="/subtitle"), usage_hint="h2")
+        surface.button(
+            id="action-btn",
+            child="btn-text",
+            action_name="do_action",
+            action_context=[{"key": "id", "value": "123"}],
+            primary=True
+        )
+        surface.text(id="btn-text", text="Click Me")
+        surface.column(id="root", children=["title", "subtitle", "action-btn"])
+        
+        # Set data
+        surface.set_data("subtitle", "Hello World")
+        
+        # Generate messages
+        messages = surface.to_messages()
+        
+        # Verify structure
+        assert len(messages) == 3  # createSurface, updateComponents, updateDataModel
+        
+        # Verify createSurface
+        assert "createSurface" in messages[0]
+        assert messages[0]["createSurface"]["surfaceId"] == "test-surface"
+        
+        # Verify updateComponents
+        assert "updateComponents" in messages[1]
+        components = messages[1]["updateComponents"]["components"]
+        assert len(components) == 5  # title, subtitle, btn, btn-text, root
+        
+        # Verify updateDataModel
+        assert "updateDataModel" in messages[2]
+        assert messages[2]["updateDataModel"]["value"]["subtitle"] == "Hello World"
+        
+        # Verify JSON output
+        json_str = surface.to_json()
+        parsed = json.loads(json_str)
+        assert len(parsed) == 3
+
+    def test_a2ui_agent_render_workflow(self):
+        """Test A2UIAgent rendering workflow."""
+        from praisonaiagents import Agent
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2ui import A2UIAgent
+        
+        agent = Agent(
+            name="TestAgent",
+            role="Test assistant",
+            goal="Help with testing"
+        )
+        
+        a2ui_agent = A2UIAgent(agent=agent, surface_id="agent-surface")
+        
+        # Render text
+        messages = a2ui_agent.render_text(
+            text="This is a test response",
+            title="Test Title"
+        )
+        
+        # Verify structure
+        assert len(messages) >= 2
+        assert "createSurface" in messages[0]
+        
+        # Verify JSON export
+        json_str = a2ui_agent.to_json()
+        parsed = json.loads(json_str)
+        assert isinstance(parsed, list)
+
+    def test_template_workflow(self):
+        """Test template-based workflow."""
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2ui import (
+            ChatTemplate,
+            ListTemplate,
+            FormTemplate,
+            DashboardTemplate,
+        )
+        
+        # Chat template
+        chat = ChatTemplate(surface_id="chat")
+        chat.add_user_message("Hello!")
+        chat.add_agent_message("Hi there!")
+        chat_messages = chat.to_messages()
+        assert len(chat_messages) >= 2
+        
+        # List template
+        list_template = ListTemplate(surface_id="list", title="Items")
+        list_template.add_item(title="Item 1", description="First")
+        list_template.add_item(title="Item 2", description="Second")
+        list_messages = list_template.to_messages()
+        assert len(list_messages) >= 2
+        
+        # Form template
+        form = FormTemplate(surface_id="form", title="Contact")
+        form.add_text_field(id="name", label="Name")
+        form.add_email_field(id="email", label="Email")
+        form.set_submit_action("submit", "Send")
+        form_messages = form.to_messages()
+        assert len(form_messages) >= 2
+        
+        # Dashboard template
+        dashboard = DashboardTemplate(surface_id="dashboard", title="Dashboard")
+        dashboard.add_panel(id="stats", title="Stats", content="100 items")
+        dashboard.add_panel(id="chart", title="Chart", content="[Chart]")
+        dashboard_messages = dashboard.to_messages()
+        assert len(dashboard_messages) >= 2
+
+    def test_a2a_integration(self):
+        """Test A2A protocol integration."""
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2ui import (
+            Surface,
+            create_a2ui_part,
+            is_a2ui_part,
+            A2UI_MIME_TYPE,
+        )
+        
+        # Create surface
+        surface = Surface(surface_id="a2a-test")
+        surface.text(id="msg", text="Hello from A2A")
+        surface.column(id="root", children=["msg"])
+        
+        # Get messages
+        messages = surface.to_messages()
+        
+        # Wrap in A2A DataPart
+        part = create_a2ui_part({"messages": messages})
+        
+        # Verify A2UI part
+        assert is_a2ui_part(part)
+        assert part.metadata["mimeType"] == A2UI_MIME_TYPE
+        assert "messages" in part.data
+        assert len(part.data["messages"]) >= 2
+
+    def test_data_binding_workflow(self):
+        """Test data binding with path references."""
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2ui import (
+            Surface,
+            PathBinding,
+            ChildrenTemplate,
+        )
+        
+        surface = Surface(surface_id="data-binding-test")
+        
+        # Add components with data binding
+        surface.text(id="title", text=PathBinding(path="/title"), usage_hint="h1")
+        surface.text(id="item-template", text=PathBinding(path="/name"))
+        
+        # Add list with template
+        surface.list(
+            id="items",
+            children=ChildrenTemplate(component_id="item-template", path="/items"),
+            direction="vertical"
+        )
+        
+        surface.column(id="root", children=["title", "items"])
+        
+        # Set data
+        surface.set_data("title", "My List")
+        surface.set_data("items", [
+            {"name": "Item 1"},
+            {"name": "Item 2"},
+            {"name": "Item 3"},
+        ])
+        
+        messages = surface.to_messages()
+        
+        # Verify data model
+        data_msg = next((m for m in messages if "updateDataModel" in m), None)
+        assert data_msg is not None
+        assert data_msg["updateDataModel"]["value"]["title"] == "My List"
+        assert len(data_msg["updateDataModel"]["value"]["items"]) == 3
+
+
+@pytest.mark.skipif(
+    not os.environ.get("OPENAI_API_KEY"),
+    reason="OPENAI_API_KEY not set"
+)
+class TestA2UIWithLLM:
+    """Tests that require LLM API calls."""
+
+    def test_agent_chat_and_render(self):
+        """Test agent chat followed by UI rendering."""
+        from praisonaiagents import Agent
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2ui import A2UIAgent
+        
+        agent = Agent(
+            name="UIAgent",
+            role="UI Generator",
+            goal="Generate helpful responses",
+            llm="gpt-4o-mini"
+        )
+        
+        a2ui_agent = A2UIAgent(agent=agent)
+        
+        # Chat with agent
+        response = a2ui_agent.chat("What is 2+2?")
+        
+        # Render response as UI
+        messages = a2ui_agent.render_text(response, title="Answer")
+        
+        assert len(messages) >= 2
+        assert "createSurface" in messages[0]

src/praisonai-agents/tests/a2ui/test_surface.py

@@ -0,0 +1,228 @@
+"""
+Tests for A2UI Surface Builder
+
+TDD: Write tests first, then implement the Surface class.
+"""
+
+
+class TestSurface:
+    """Test Surface builder class."""
+
+    def test_surface_creation(self):
+        """Test Surface creation with ID and catalog."""
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2ui.surface import Surface
+        
+        surface = Surface(surface_id="main")
+        
+        assert surface.surface_id == "main"
+        assert surface.catalog_id is not None  # Should have default
+
+    def test_surface_with_custom_catalog(self):
+        """Test Surface with custom catalog ID."""
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2ui.surface import Surface
+        
+        surface = Surface(
+            surface_id="main",
+            catalog_id="https://custom.catalog/v1"
+        )
+        
+        assert surface.catalog_id == "https://custom.catalog/v1"
+
+    def test_add_component(self):
+        """Test adding a component to the surface."""
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2ui.surface import Surface
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2ui.types import TextComponent
+        
+        surface = Surface(surface_id="main")
+        text = TextComponent(id="title", text="Hello World", usage_hint="h1")
+        
+        surface.add(text)
+        
+        assert len(surface.components) == 1
+        assert surface.components[0].id == "title"
+
+    def test_add_multiple_components(self):
+        """Test adding multiple components."""
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2ui.surface import Surface
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2ui.types import TextComponent, ButtonComponent
+        
+        surface = Surface(surface_id="main")
+        surface.add(TextComponent(id="title", text="Hello"))
+        surface.add(ButtonComponent(id="btn", child="btn-text"))
+        
+        assert len(surface.components) == 2
+
+    def test_set_data(self):
+        """Test setting data model values."""
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2ui.surface import Surface
+        
+        surface = Surface(surface_id="main")
+        surface.set_data("title", "Hello World")
+        surface.set_data("count", 42)
+        
+        assert surface.data["title"] == "Hello World"
+        assert surface.data["count"] == 42
+
+    def test_set_nested_data(self):
+        """Test setting nested data model values."""
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2ui.surface import Surface
+        
+        surface = Surface(surface_id="main")
+        surface.set_data("user", {"name": "John", "age": 30})
+        
+        assert surface.data["user"]["name"] == "John"
+
+    def test_to_messages_creates_surface(self):
+        """Test to_messages generates CreateSurface message."""
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2ui.surface import Surface
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2ui.types import TextComponent
+        
+        surface = Surface(surface_id="main")
+        surface.add(TextComponent(id="title", text="Hello"))
+        
+        messages = surface.to_messages()
+        
+        assert len(messages) >= 1
+        assert "createSurface" in messages[0]
+        assert messages[0]["createSurface"]["surfaceId"] == "main"
+
+    def test_to_messages_includes_components(self):
+        """Test to_messages includes UpdateComponents message."""
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2ui.surface import Surface
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2ui.types import TextComponent
+        
+        surface = Surface(surface_id="main")
+        surface.add(TextComponent(id="title", text="Hello"))
+        
+        messages = surface.to_messages()
+        
+        # Should have createSurface and updateComponents
+        assert len(messages) >= 2
+        update_msg = next((m for m in messages if "updateComponents" in m), None)
+        assert update_msg is not None
+        assert len(update_msg["updateComponents"]["components"]) == 1
+
+    def test_to_messages_includes_data_model(self):
+        """Test to_messages includes UpdateDataModel message when data is set."""
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2ui.surface import Surface
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2ui.types import TextComponent
+        
+        surface = Surface(surface_id="main")
+        surface.add(TextComponent(id="title", text="Hello"))
+        surface.set_data("title", "Hello World")
+        
+        messages = surface.to_messages()
+        
+        # Should have createSurface, updateComponents, and updateDataModel
+        assert len(messages) == 3
+        data_msg = next((m for m in messages if "updateDataModel" in m), None)
+        assert data_msg is not None
+        assert data_msg["updateDataModel"]["value"]["title"] == "Hello World"
+
+    def test_to_json(self):
+        """Test to_json returns JSON string."""
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2ui.surface import Surface
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2ui.types import TextComponent
+        import json
+        
+        surface = Surface(surface_id="main")
+        surface.add(TextComponent(id="title", text="Hello"))
+        
+        json_str = surface.to_json()
+        
+        # Should be valid JSON
+        parsed = json.loads(json_str)
+        assert isinstance(parsed, list)
+        assert len(parsed) >= 2
+
+
+class TestSurfaceChaining:
+    """Test Surface method chaining."""
+
+    def test_add_returns_self(self):
+        """Test add() returns self for chaining."""
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2ui.surface import Surface
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2ui.types import TextComponent
+        
+        surface = Surface(surface_id="main")
+        result = surface.add(TextComponent(id="title", text="Hello"))
+        
+        assert result is surface
+
+    def test_set_data_returns_self(self):
+        """Test set_data() returns self for chaining."""
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2ui.surface import Surface
+        
+        surface = Surface(surface_id="main")
+        result = surface.set_data("key", "value")
+        
+        assert result is surface
+
+    def test_fluent_api(self):
+        """Test fluent API for building surfaces."""
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2ui.surface import Surface
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2ui.types import TextComponent, ButtonComponent
+        
+        surface = (
+            Surface(surface_id="main")
+            .add(TextComponent(id="title", text="Hello"))
+            .add(ButtonComponent(id="btn", child="btn-text"))
+            .set_data("title", "Hello World")
+        )
+        
+        assert len(surface.components) == 2
+        assert surface.data["title"] == "Hello World"
+
+
+class TestSurfaceHelpers:
+    """Test Surface helper methods."""
+
+    def test_text_helper(self):
+        """Test text() helper method."""
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2ui.surface import Surface
+        
+        surface = Surface(surface_id="main")
+        surface.text(id="title", text="Hello", usage_hint="h1")
+        
+        assert len(surface.components) == 1
+        assert surface.components[0].id == "title"
+
+    def test_button_helper(self):
+        """Test button() helper method."""
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2ui.surface import Surface
+        
+        surface = Surface(surface_id="main")
+        surface.button(id="submit", child="submit-text", action_name="submit")
+        
+        assert len(surface.components) == 1
+        assert surface.components[0].id == "submit"
+
+    def test_card_helper(self):
+        """Test card() helper method."""
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2ui.surface import Surface
+        
+        surface = Surface(surface_id="main")
+        surface.card(id="card-1", child="card-content")
+        
+        assert len(surface.components) == 1
+        assert surface.components[0].id == "card-1"
+
+    def test_row_helper(self):
+        """Test row() helper method."""
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2ui.surface import Surface
+        
+        surface = Surface(surface_id="main")
+        surface.row(id="row-1", children=["col-1", "col-2"])
+        
+        assert len(surface.components) == 1
+        assert surface.components[0].id == "row-1"
+
+    def test_column_helper(self):
+        """Test column() helper method."""
+        from praisonaiagents.ui.a2ui.surface import Surface
+        
+        surface = Surface(surface_id="main")
+        surface.column(id="col-1", children=["item-1", "item-2"])
+        
+        assert len(surface.components) == 1
+        assert surface.components[0].id == "col-1"