1- Use the line_iterator class to read profile files.
2- Allow comments in profile file. Lines starting with '#'
are completely ignored while reading the profile.
3- Add parsing support for discriminators and indirect call samples.
Our external profiler can emit more profile information that we are
currently not handling. This patch does not add new functionality to
support this information, but it allows profile files to provide it.
I will add actual support later on (for at least one of these
features, I need support for DWARF discriminators in Clang).
A sample line may contain the following additional information:
Discriminator. This is used if the sampled program was compiled with
DWARF discriminator support
(http://wiki.dwarfstd.org/index.php?title=Path_Discriminators). This
is currently only emitted by GCC and we just ignore it.
Potential call targets and samples. If present, this line contains a
call instruction. This models both direct and indirect calls. Each
called target is listed together with the number of samples. For
example,
130: 7 foo:3 bar:2 baz:7
The above means that at relative line offset 130 there is a call
instruction that calls one of foo(), bar() and baz(). With baz()
being the relatively more frequent call target.
Differential Revision: http://llvm-reviews.chandlerc.com/D2355
4- Simplify format of profile input file.
This implements earlier suggestions to simplify the format of the
sample profile file. The symbol table is not necessary and function
profiles do not need to know the number of samples in advance.
Differential Revision: http://llvm-reviews.chandlerc.com/D2419
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This adds a propagation heuristic to convert instruction samples
into branch weights. It implements a similar heuristic to the one
implemented by Dehao Chen on GCC.
The propagation proceeds in 3 phases:
1- Assignment of block weights. All the basic blocks in the function
are initial assigned the same weight as their most frequently
executed instruction.
2- Creation of equivalence classes. Since samples may be missing from
blocks, we can fill in the gaps by setting the weights of all the
blocks in the same equivalence class to the same weight. To compute
the concept of equivalence, we use dominance and loop information.
Two blocks B1 and B2 are in the same equivalence class if B1
dominates B2, B2 post-dominates B1 and both are in the same loop.
3- Propagation of block weights into edges. This uses a simple
propagation heuristic. The following rules are applied to every
block B in the CFG:
- If B has a single predecessor/successor, then the weight
of that edge is the weight of the block.
- If all the edges are known except one, and the weight of the
block is already known, the weight of the unknown edge will
be the weight of the block minus the sum of all the known
edges. If the sum of all the known edges is larger than B's weight,
we set the unknown edge weight to zero.
- If there is a self-referential edge, and the weight of the block is
known, the weight for that edge is set to the weight of the block
minus the weight of the other incoming edges to that block (if
known).
Since this propagation is not guaranteed to finalize for every CFG, we
only allow it to proceed for a limited number of iterations (controlled
by -sample-profile-max-propagate-iterations). It currently uses the same
GCC default of 100.
Before propagation starts, the pass builds (for each block) a list of
unique predecessors and successors. This is necessary to handle
identical edges in multiway branches. Since we visit all blocks and all
edges of the CFG, it is cleaner to build these lists once at the start
of the pass.
Finally, the patch fixes the computation of relative line locations.
The profiler emits lines relative to the function header. To discover
it, we traverse the compilation unit looking for the subprogram
corresponding to the function. The line number of that subprogram is the
line where the function begins. That becomes line zero for all the
relative locations.
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operand into the Value interface just like the core print method is.
That gives a more conistent organization to the IR printing interfaces
-- they are all attached to the IR objects themselves. Also, update all
the users.
This removes the 'Writer.h' header which contained only a single function
declaration.
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are part of the core IR library in order to support dumping and other
basic functionality.
Rename the 'Assembly' include directory to 'AsmParser' to match the
library name and the only functionality left their -- printing has been
in the core IR library for quite some time.
Update all of the #includes to match.
All of this started because I wanted to have the layering in good shape
before I started adding support for printing LLVM IR using the new pass
infrastructure, and commandline support for the new pass infrastructure.
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subsequent changes are easier to review. About to fix some layering
issues, and wanted to separate out the necessary churn.
Also comment and sink the include of "Windows.h" in three .inc files to
match the usage in Memory.inc.
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This doesn't seem to have actually broken anything. It was paranoia
on my part. Trying again now that bots are more stable.
This is a follow up of the r198338 commit that added truncates for
lcssa phi nodes. Sinking the truncates below the phis cleans up the
loop and simplifies subsequent analysis within the indvars pass.
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This is a follow up of the r198338 commit that added truncates for
lcssa phi nodes. Sinking the truncates below the phis cleans up the
loop and simplifies subsequent analysis within the indvars pass.
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All other uses of this macro in LLVM/clang have been moved to the function
definition so follow suite (and the usage advice) here too for consistency.
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The motivation is to mark dump methods as used in debug builds so that they can
be called from lldb, but to not do so in release builds so that they can be
dead-stripped.
There's lots of potential follow-up work suggested in the thread
"Should dump methods be LLVM_ATTRIBUTE_USED only in debug builds?" on cfe-dev,
but everyone seems to agreen on this subset.
Macro name chosen by fair coin toss.
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The loop rerolling pass was failing with an assertion failure from a
failed cast on loops like this:
void foo(int *A, int *B, int m, int n) {
for (int i = m; i < n; i+=4) {
A[i+0] = B[i+0] * 4;
A[i+1] = B[i+1] * 4;
A[i+2] = B[i+2] * 4;
A[i+3] = B[i+3] * 4;
}
}
The code was casting the SCEV-expanded code for the new
induction variable to a phi-node. When the loop had a non-constant
lower bound, the SCEV expander would end the code expansion with an
add insted of a phi node and the cast would fail.
It looks like the cast to a phi node was only needed to get the
induction variable value coming from the backedge to compute the end
of loop condition. This patch changes the loop reroller to compare
the induction variable to the number of times the backedge is taken
instead of the iteration count of the loop. In other words, we stop
the loop when the current value of the induction variable ==
IterationCount-1. Previously, the comparison was comparing the
induction variable value from the next iteration == IterationCount.
This problem only seems to occur on 32-bit targets. For some reason,
the loop is not rerolled on 64-bit targets.
PR18290
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As noted in the comment above CodeGenPrepare::OptimizeInst, which aggressively
sinks compares to reduce pressure on the condition register(s), for targets
such as PowerPC with multiple condition registers, this may not be the right
thing to do. This adds an HasMultipleConditionRegisters boolean to TLI, and
CodeGenPrepare::OptimizeInst is skipped when HasMultipleConditionRegisters is
true.
This functionality will be used by the PowerPC backend in an upcoming commit.
Especially when the PowerPC backend starts tracking individual condition
register bits as separate allocatable entities (which will happen in this
upcoming commit), this sinking from CodeGenPrepare::OptimizeInst is
significantly suboptimial.
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When widening an IV to remove s/zext, we generally try to eliminate
the original narrow IV. However, LCSSA phi nodes outside the loop were
still using the original IV. Clean this up more aggressively to avoid
redundancy in generated code.
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Split sadd.with.overflow into add + sadd.with.overflow to allow
analysis and optimization. This should ideally be done after
InstCombine, which can perform code motion (eventually indvars should
run after all canonical instcombines). We want ISEL to recombine the
add and the check, at least on x86.
This is currently under an option for reducing live induction
variables: -liv-reduce. The next step is reducing liveness of IVs that
are live out of the overflow check paths. Once the related
optimizations are fully developed, reviewed and tested, I do expect
this to become default.
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If the Scalarizer scalarized a vector PHI but could not scalarize
all uses of it, it would insert a series of insertelements to reconstruct
the vector PHI value from the scalar ones. The problem was that it would
emit these insertelements immediately after the PHI, even if there were
other PHIs after it.
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There is no reason to use std::deque here over std::vector. Thus given the
performance differences inbetween the two it makes sense to change deque to
vector.
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This patch tries to avoid unrelated changes other than fixing a few
hyphen-related ambiguities and contractions in nearby lines.
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I'm adding new functionality in the sample profiler. This will
require more data to be kept around for each function, so I moved
the structure SampleProfile that we keep for each function into
a separate class.
There are no functional changes in this patch. It simply provides
a new home where to place all the new data that I need to propagate
weights through edges.
There are some other name and minor edits throughout.
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If the beginning of the loop was also the entry block
of the function, branches were inserted to the entry block
which isn't allowed. If this occurs, create a new dummy
function entry block that branches to the start of the loop.
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order of slices of the alloca which have exactly the same size and other
properties. This was found by a perniciously unstable sort
implementation used to flush out buggy uses of the algorithm.
The fundamental idea is that findCommonType should return the best
common type it can find across all of the slices in the range. There
were two bugs here previously:
1) We would accept an integer type smaller than a byte-width multiple,
and if there were different bit-width integer types, we would accept
the first one. This caused an actual failure in the testcase updated
here when the sort order changed.
2) If we found a bad combination of types or a non-load, non-store use
before an integer typed load or store we would bail, but if we found
the integere typed load or store, we would use it. The correct
behavior is to always use an integer typed operation which covers the
partition if one exists.
While a clever debugging sort algorithm found problem #1 in our existing
test cases, I have no useful test case ideas for #2. I spotted in by
inspection when looking at this code.
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This adds a loop rerolling pass: the opposite of (partial) loop unrolling. The
transformation aims to take loops like this:
for (int i = 0; i < 3200; i += 5) {
a[i] += alpha * b[i];
a[i + 1] += alpha * b[i + 1];
a[i + 2] += alpha * b[i + 2];
a[i + 3] += alpha * b[i + 3];
a[i + 4] += alpha * b[i + 4];
}
and turn them into this:
for (int i = 0; i < 3200; ++i) {
a[i] += alpha * b[i];
}
and loops like this:
for (int i = 0; i < 500; ++i) {
x[3*i] = foo(0);
x[3*i+1] = foo(0);
x[3*i+2] = foo(0);
}
and turn them into this:
for (int i = 0; i < 1500; ++i) {
x[i] = foo(0);
}
There are two motivations for this transformation:
1. Code-size reduction (especially relevant, obviously, when compiling for
code size).
2. Providing greater choice to the loop vectorizer (and generic unroller) to
choose the unrolling factor (and a better ability to vectorize). The loop
vectorizer can take vector lengths and register pressure into account when
choosing an unrolling factor, for example, and a pre-unrolled loop limits that
choice. This is especially problematic if the manual unrolling was optimized
for a machine different from the current target.
The current implementation is limited to single basic-block loops only. The
rerolling recognition should work regardless of how the loop iterations are
intermixed within the loop body (subject to dependency and side-effect
constraints), but the significant restriction is that the order of the
instructions in each iteration must be identical. This seems sufficient to
capture all current use cases.
This pass is not currently enabled by default at any optimization level.
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This adds a new scalar pass that reads a file with samples generated
by 'perf' during runtime. The samples read from the profile are
incorporated and emmited as IR metadata reflecting that profile.
The profile file is assumed to have been generated by an external
profile source. The profile information is converted into IR metadata,
which is later used by the analysis routines to estimate block
frequencies, edge weights and other related data.
External profile information files have no fixed format, each profiler
is free to define its own. This includes both the on-disk representation
of the profile and the kind of profile information stored in the file.
A common kind of profile is based on sampling (e.g., perf), which
essentially counts how many times each line of the program has been
executed during the run.
The SampleProfileLoader pass is organized as a scalar transformation.
On startup, it reads the file given in -sample-profile-file to
determine what kind of profile it contains. This file is assumed to
contain profile information for the whole application. The profile
data in the file is read and incorporated into the internal state of
the corresponding profiler.
To facilitate testing, I've organized the profilers to support two file
formats: text and native. The native format is whatever on-disk
representation the profiler wants to support, I think this will mostly
be bitcode files, but it could be anything the profiler wants to
support. To do this, every profiler must implement the
SampleProfile::loadNative() function.
The text format is mostly meant for debugging. Records are separated by
newlines, but each profiler is free to interpret records as it sees fit.
Profilers must implement the SampleProfile::loadText() function.
Finally, the pass will call SampleProfile::emitAnnotations() for each
function in the current translation unit. This function needs to
translate the loaded profile into IR metadata, which the analyzer will
later be able to use.
This patch implements the first steps towards the above design. I've
implemented a sample-based flat profiler. The format of the profile is
fairly simplistic. Each sampled function contains a list of relative
line locations (from the start of the function) together with a count
representing how many samples were collected at that line during
execution. I generate this profile using perf and a separate converter
tool.
Currently, I have only implemented a text format for these profiles. I
am interested in initial feedback to the whole approach before I send
the other parts of the implementation for review.
This patch implements:
- The SampleProfileLoader pass.
- The base ExternalProfile class with the core interface.
- A SampleProfile sub-class using the above interface. The profiler
generates branch weight metadata on every branch instructions that
matches the profiles.
- A text loader class to assist the implementation of
SampleProfile::loadText().
- Basic unit tests for the pass.
Additionally, the patch uses profile information to compute branch
weights based on instruction samples.
This patch converts instruction samples into branch weights. It
does a fairly simplistic conversion:
Given a multi-way branch instruction, it calculates the weight of
each branch based on the maximum sample count gathered from each
target basic block.
Note that this assignment of branch weights is somewhat lossy and can be
misleading. If a basic block has more than one incoming branch, all the
incoming branches will get the same weight. In reality, it may be that
only one of them is the most heavily taken branch.
I will adjust this assignment in subsequent patches.
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The symptom is that an assertion is triggered. The assertion was added by
me to detect the situation when value is propagated from dead blocks.
(We can certainly get rid of assertion; it is safe to do so, because propagating
value from dead block to alive join node is certainly ok.)
The root cause of this bug is : edge-splitting is conducted on the fly,
the edge being split could be a dead edge, therefore the block that
split the critial edge needs to be flagged "dead" as well.
There are 3 ways to fix this bug:
1) Get rid of the assertion as I mentioned eariler
2) When an dead edge is split, flag the inserted block "dead".
3) proactively split the critical edges connecting dead and live blocks when
new dead blocks are revealed.
This fix go for 3) with additional 2 LOC.
Testing case was added by Rafael the other day.
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LoopUnswitch's code simplification routine has logic to convert conditional
branches into unconditional branches, after unswitching makes the condition
constant, and then remove any blocks that renders dead. Unfortunately, this
code is dead, currently broken, and furthermore, has never been alive (at least
as far back at 2006).
No functionality change intended.
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As with the other loop unrolling parameters (the unrolling threshold, partial
unrolling, etc.) runtime unrolling can now also be controlled via the
constructor. This will be necessary for moving non-trivial unrolling late in
the pass manager (after loop vectorization).
No functionality change intended.
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Partial fix for PR17459: wrong code at -O3 on x86_64-linux-gnu
(affecting trunk and 3.3)
When SCEV expands a recurrence outside of a loop it attempts to scale
by the stride of the recurrence. Chained recurrences don't work that
way. We could compute binomial coefficients, but would hve to
guarantee that the chained AddRec's are in a perfectly reduced form.
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A landing pad can be jumped to only by the unwind edge of an invoke
instruction. If we eliminate a partially redundant load in a landing pad, it
will create a basic block that violates this constraint. It then leads to other
problems down the line if it tries to merge that basic block with the landing
pad. Avoid this by not eliminating the load in a landing pad.
PR17621
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Switch instructions were crashing the StructurizeCFG pass, and it's
probably easier anyway if we don't need to handle them in this pass.
Reviewed-by: Christian König <christian.koenig@amd.com>
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infrastructure.
This was essentially work toward PGO based on a design that had several
flaws, partially dating from a time when LLVM had a different
architecture, and with an effort to modernize it abandoned without being
completed. Since then, it has bitrotted for several years further. The
result is nearly unusable, and isn't helping any of the modern PGO
efforts. Instead, it is getting in the way, adding confusion about PGO
in LLVM and distracting everyone with maintenance on essentially dead
code. Removing it paves the way for modern efforts around PGO.
Among other effects, this removes the last of the runtime libraries from
LLVM. Those are being developed in the separate 'compiler-rt' project
now, with somewhat different licensing specifically more approriate for
runtimes.
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SROA wants to convert any types of equivalent widths but it's not possible to
convert vectors of pointers to an integer scalar with a single cast. As a
workaround we add a bitcast to the corresponding int ptr type first. This type
of cast used to be an edge case but has become common with SLP vectorization.
Fixes PR17271.
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The problem of r191017 is that when GVN fabricate a val-number for a dead instruction (in order
to make following expr-PRE happy), it forget to fabricate a leader-table entry for it as well.
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