refactor(server): simplify modal process lifecycle

bun.lock

@@ -679,6 +679,7 @@
         "@opencode-ai/util": "workspace:*",
         "drizzle-orm": "catalog:",
         "effect": "catalog:",
+        "modal": "0.9.0",
       },
       "devDependencies": {
         "@tsconfig/bun": "catalog:",
@@ -1512,6 +1513,18 @@
 
     "@capsizecss/unpack": ["@capsizecss/unpack@2.4.0", "", { "dependencies": { "blob-to-buffer": "^1.2.8", "cross-fetch": "^3.0.4", "fontkit": "^2.0.2" } }, "sha512-GrSU71meACqcmIUxPYOJvGKF0yryjN/L1aCuE9DViCTJI7bfkjgYDPD1zbNDcINJwSSP6UaBZY9GAbYDO7re0Q=="],
 
+    "@cbor-extract/cbor-extract-darwin-arm64": ["@cbor-extract/cbor-extract-darwin-arm64@2.2.2", "", { "os": "darwin", "cpu": "arm64" }, "sha512-ZKZ/F8US7JR92J4DMct6cLW/Y66o2K576+zjlEN/MevH70bFIsB10wkZEQPLzl2oNh2SMGy55xpJ9JoBRl5DOA=="],
+
+    "@cbor-extract/cbor-extract-darwin-x64": ["@cbor-extract/cbor-extract-darwin-x64@2.2.2", "", { "os": "darwin", "cpu": "x64" }, "sha512-32b1mgc+P61Js+KW9VZv/c+xRw5EfmOcPx990JbCBSkYJFY0l25VinvyyWfl+3KjibQmAcYwmyzKF9J4DyKP/Q=="],
+
+    "@cbor-extract/cbor-extract-linux-arm": ["@cbor-extract/cbor-extract-linux-arm@2.2.2", "", { "os": "linux", "cpu": "arm" }, "sha512-tNg0za41TpQfkhWjptD+0gSD2fggMiDCSacuIeELyb2xZhr7PrhPe5h66Jc67B/5dmpIhI2QOUtv4SBsricyYQ=="],
+
+    "@cbor-extract/cbor-extract-linux-arm64": ["@cbor-extract/cbor-extract-linux-arm64@2.2.2", "", { "os": "linux", "cpu": "arm64" }, "sha512-wfqgzqCAy/Vn8i6WVIh7qZd0DdBFaWBjPdB6ma+Wihcjv0gHqD/mw3ouVv7kbbUNrab6dKEx/w3xQZEdeXIlzg=="],
+
+    "@cbor-extract/cbor-extract-linux-x64": ["@cbor-extract/cbor-extract-linux-x64@2.2.2", "", { "os": "linux", "cpu": "x64" }, "sha512-rpiLnVEsqtPJ+mXTdx1rfz4RtUGYIUg2rUAZgd1KjiC1SehYUSkJN7Yh+aVfSjvCGtVP0/bfkQkXpPXKbmSUaA=="],
+
+    "@cbor-extract/cbor-extract-win32-x64": ["@cbor-extract/cbor-extract-win32-x64@2.2.2", "", { "os": "win32", "cpu": "x64" }, "sha512-dI+9P7cfWxkTQ+oE+7Aa6onEn92PHgfWXZivjNheCRmTBDBf2fx6RyTi0cmgpYLnD1KLZK9ZYrMxaPZ4oiXhGA=="],
+
     "@chevrotain/types": ["@chevrotain/types@11.1.2", "", {}, "sha512-U+HFai5+zmJCkK86QsaJtoITlboZHBqrVketcO2ROv865xfCMSFpELQoz1GkX5GzME8pTa+3kbKrZHQtI0gdbw=="],
 
     "@clack/core": ["@clack/core@1.0.0-alpha.1", "", { "dependencies": { "picocolors": "^1.0.0", "sisteransi": "^1.0.5" } }, "sha512-rFbCU83JnN7l3W1nfgCqqme4ZZvTTgsiKQ6FM0l+r0P+o2eJpExcocBUWUIwnDzL76Aca9VhUdWmB2MbUv+Qyg=="],
@@ -1720,6 +1733,10 @@
 
     "@graphql-typed-document-node/core": ["@graphql-typed-document-node/core@3.2.0", "", { "peerDependencies": { "graphql": "^0.8.0 || ^0.9.0 || ^0.10.0 || ^0.11.0 || ^0.12.0 || ^0.13.0 || ^14.0.0 || ^15.0.0 || ^16.0.0 || ^17.0.0" } }, "sha512-mB9oAsNCm9aM3/SOv4YtBMqZbYj10R7dkq8byBqxGY/ncFwhf2oQzMV+LCRlWoDSEBJ3COiR1yeDvMtsoOsuFQ=="],
 
+    "@grpc/grpc-js": ["@grpc/grpc-js@1.14.4", "", { "dependencies": { "@grpc/proto-loader": "^0.8.0", "@js-sdsl/ordered-map": "^4.4.2" } }, "sha512-k9Dj3DV/itK9D06Y8f190Qgop7/Ui+D0njFV3LHMPwPT75DpXLQohE9Wmz0QElrJnzsjB7KPWiKJbOl7IPDArQ=="],
+
+    "@grpc/proto-loader": ["@grpc/proto-loader@0.8.1", "", { "dependencies": { "lodash.camelcase": "^4.3.0", "long": "^5.0.0", "protobufjs": "^7.5.5", "yargs": "^17.7.2" }, "bin": { "proto-loader-gen-types": "build/bin/proto-loader-gen-types.js" } }, "sha512-wtF6h+DY6M3YaDBPAmvuuA6jV8Sif9MjtOI5euKFWRgCDl5PeDpPsHR9u2l6St5ceY8AZgoNDww5+HvEsXFsGg=="],
+
     "@happy-dom/global-registrator": ["@happy-dom/global-registrator@20.0.11", "", { "dependencies": { "@types/node": "^20.0.0", "happy-dom": "^20.0.11" } }, "sha512-GqNqiShBT/lzkHTMC/slKBrvN0DsD4Di8ssBk4aDaVgEn+2WMzE6DXxq701ndSXj7/0cJ8mNT71pM7Bnrr6JRw=="],
 
     "@hono/node-server": ["@hono/node-server@1.19.15", "", { "peerDependencies": { "hono": "^4" } }, "sha512-Za2ai6TLdKjUvnur+eenO6nuYYipVAEhyCAdaV8IRvmU9kK8crOZUSYvIXn72E4f8fJqyAbpcJuTsYYmZp9Deg=="],
@@ -1814,6 +1831,8 @@
 
     "@jridgewell/trace-mapping": ["@jridgewell/trace-mapping@0.3.31", "", { "dependencies": { "@jridgewell/resolve-uri": "^3.1.0", "@jridgewell/sourcemap-codec": "^1.4.14" } }, "sha512-zzNR+SdQSDJzc8joaeP8QQoCQr8NuYx2dIIytl1QeBEZHJ9uW6hebsrYgbz8hJwUQao3TWCMtmfV8Nu1twOLAw=="],
 
+    "@js-sdsl/ordered-map": ["@js-sdsl/ordered-map@4.4.2", "", {}, "sha512-iUKgm52T8HOE/makSxjqoWhe95ZJA1/G1sYsGev2JDKUSS14KAgg1LHb+Ba+IPow0xflbnSkOsZcO08C7w1gYw=="],
+
     "@js-temporal/polyfill": ["@js-temporal/polyfill@0.5.1", "", { "dependencies": { "jsbi": "^4.3.0" } }, "sha512-hloP58zRVCRSpgDxmqCWJNlizAlUgJFqG2ypq79DCvyv9tHjRYMDOcPFjzfl/A1/YxDvRCZz8wvZvmapQnKwFQ=="],
 
     "@jsx-email/all": ["@jsx-email/all@2.2.3", "", { "dependencies": { "@jsx-email/body": "1.0.2", "@jsx-email/button": "1.0.4", "@jsx-email/column": "1.0.3", "@jsx-email/container": "1.0.2", "@jsx-email/font": "1.0.3", "@jsx-email/head": "1.0.2", "@jsx-email/heading": "1.0.2", "@jsx-email/hr": "1.0.2", "@jsx-email/html": "1.0.2", "@jsx-email/img": "1.0.2", "@jsx-email/link": "1.0.2", "@jsx-email/markdown": "2.0.4", "@jsx-email/preview": "1.0.2", "@jsx-email/render": "1.1.1", "@jsx-email/row": "1.0.2", "@jsx-email/section": "1.0.2", "@jsx-email/tailwind": "2.4.4", "@jsx-email/text": "1.0.2" }, "peerDependencies": { "react": "^18.2.0" } }, "sha512-OBvLe/hVSQc0LlMSTJnkjFoqs3bmxcC4zpy/5pT5agPCSKMvAKQjzmsc2xJ2wO73jSpRV1K/g38GmvdCfrhSoQ=="],
@@ -3298,6 +3317,8 @@
 
     "abort-controller": ["abort-controller@3.0.0", "", { "dependencies": { "event-target-shim": "^5.0.0" } }, "sha512-h8lQ8tacZYnR3vNQTgibj+tODHI5/+l06Au2Pcriv/Gmet0eaj4TwWH41sO9wnHDiQsEj19q0drzdWdeAHtweg=="],
 
+    "abort-controller-x": ["abort-controller-x@0.5.0", "", {}, "sha512-yTt9CI0x+nRfX6BFMenEGP8ooPvErGH6AbFz20C2IeOLIlDsrw/VHpgne3GsCEuTA410IiFiaLVFKmgM4bKEPQ=="],
+
     "accepts": ["accepts@2.0.0", "", { "dependencies": { "mime-types": "^3.0.0", "negotiator": "^1.0.0" } }, "sha512-5cvg6CtKwfgdmVqY1WIiXKc3Q1bkRqGLi+2W/6ao+6Y7gu/RCwRuAhGEzh5B4KlszSuTLgZYuqFqo5bImjNKng=="],
 
     "acorn": ["acorn@8.15.0", "", { "bin": { "acorn": "bin/acorn" } }, "sha512-NZyJarBfL7nWwIq+FDL6Zp/yHEhePMNnnJ0y3qfieCrmNvYct8uvtiV41UvlSe6apAfk0fY1FbWx+NwfmpvtTg=="],
@@ -3538,6 +3559,10 @@
 
     "caniuse-lite": ["caniuse-lite@1.0.30001806", "", {}, "sha512-72Cuvd95zbSYPKq6Fhg8eDJRlzgWDf7/mtoZv6Qe/DYNCEBdNxoA3+rZAU2ZhGCpZlns3EssFavaZomckT5Uuw=="],
 
+    "cbor-extract": ["cbor-extract@2.2.2", "", { "dependencies": { "node-gyp-build-optional-packages": "5.1.1" }, "optionalDependencies": { "@cbor-extract/cbor-extract-darwin-arm64": "2.2.2", "@cbor-extract/cbor-extract-darwin-x64": "2.2.2", "@cbor-extract/cbor-extract-linux-arm": "2.2.2", "@cbor-extract/cbor-extract-linux-arm64": "2.2.2", "@cbor-extract/cbor-extract-linux-x64": "2.2.2", "@cbor-extract/cbor-extract-win32-x64": "2.2.2" }, "bin": { "download-cbor-prebuilds": "bin/download-prebuilds.js" } }, "sha512-hlSxxI9XO2yQfe9g6msd3g4xCfDqK5T5P0fRMLuaLHhxn4ViPrm+a+MUfhrvH2W962RGxcBwEGzLQyjbDG1gng=="],
+
+    "cbor-x": ["cbor-x@1.6.5", "", { "optionalDependencies": { "cbor-extract": "^2.2.2" } }, "sha512-yO64CxnSh6kp+pHNRK9IfwnMvCB+c8HvmUjQY/9l9YRF0/cAPka/tUHLwS64QqUpFCq3/OtbKziVJYXH2EaRig=="],
+
     "ccount": ["ccount@2.0.1", "", {}, "sha512-eyrF0jiFpY+3drT6383f1qhkbGsLSifNAjA61IUjZjmLCWjItY6LB9ft9YhoDgwfmclB2zhu51Lc7+95b8NRAg=="],
 
     "chai": ["chai@5.3.3", "", { "dependencies": { "assertion-error": "^2.0.1", "check-error": "^2.1.1", "deep-eql": "^5.0.1", "loupe": "^3.1.0", "pathval": "^2.0.0" } }, "sha512-4zNhdJD/iOjSH0A05ea+Ke6MU5mmpQcbQsSOkgdaUMJ9zTlDTD/GYlwohmIE2u0gaxHYiVHEn1Fw9mZ/ktJWgw=="],
@@ -4570,6 +4595,8 @@
 
     "lodash-es": ["lodash-es@4.18.1", "", {}, "sha512-J8xewKD/Gk22OZbhpOVSwcs60zhd95ESDwezOFuA3/099925PdHJ7OFHNTGtajL3AlZkykD32HykiMo+BIBI8A=="],
 
+    "lodash.camelcase": ["lodash.camelcase@4.3.0", "", {}, "sha512-TwuEnCnxbc3rAvhf/LbG7tJUDzhqXyFnv3dtzLOPgCG/hODL7WFnsbwktkD7yUV0RrreP/l1PALq/YSg6VvjlA=="],
+
     "lodash.escaperegexp": ["lodash.escaperegexp@4.1.2", "", {}, "sha512-TM9YBvyC84ZxE3rgfefxUWiQKLilstD6k7PTGt6wfbtXF8ixIJLOL3VYyV/z+ZiPLsVxAsKAFVwWlWeb2Y8Yyw=="],
 
     "lodash.includes": ["lodash.includes@4.3.0", "", {}, "sha512-W3Bx6mdkRTGtlJISOvVD/lbqjTlPPUDTMnlXZFnVwi9NKJ6tiAk6LVdlhZMm17VZisqhKcgzpO5Wz91PCt5b0w=="],
@@ -4796,6 +4823,8 @@
 
     "mkdirp": ["mkdirp@0.5.6", "", { "dependencies": { "minimist": "^1.2.6" }, "bin": { "mkdirp": "bin/cmd.js" } }, "sha512-FP+p8RB8OWpF3YZBCrP5gtADmtXApB5AMLn+vdyA+PyxCjrCs00mjyUozssO33cwDeT3wNGdLxJ5M//YqtHAJw=="],
 
+    "modal": ["modal@0.9.0", "", { "dependencies": { "cbor-x": "^1.6.0", "long": "^5.3.1", "nice-grpc": "^2.1.12", "protobufjs": "^7.5.0", "smol-toml": "^1.3.3", "uuid": "^11.1.0" } }, "sha512-kCXcdJkhbJorf/q/6T9Wdlg6in9JmRnCNQnV6rVBMyeqNV/iXI6BYk4IzY4cvZ6dbauNeDMjk/Q08cbxvoIaXg=="],
+
     "morphdom": ["morphdom@2.7.8", "", {}, "sha512-D/fR4xgGUyVRbdMGU6Nejea1RFzYxYtyurG4Fbv2Fi/daKlWKuXGLOdXtl+3eIwL110cI2hz1ZojGICjjFLgTg=="],
 
     "motion": ["motion@12.34.5", "", { "dependencies": { "framer-motion": "^12.34.5", "tslib": "^2.4.0" }, "peerDependencies": { "@emotion/is-prop-valid": "*", "react": "^18.0.0 || ^19.0.0", "react-dom": "^18.0.0 || ^19.0.0" }, "optionalPeers": ["@emotion/is-prop-valid", "react", "react-dom"] }, "sha512-N06NLJ9IeBHeielRqIvYvjPfXuRdyTxa+9++BgpGa+hY2D7TcMkI6QzV3jaRuv0aZRXgMa7cPy9YcBUBisPzAQ=="],
@@ -4834,6 +4863,10 @@
 
     "nf3": ["nf3@0.1.12", "", {}, "sha512-qbMXT7RTGh74MYWPeqTIED8nDW70NXOULVHpdWcdZ7IVHVnAsMV9fNugSNnvooipDc1FMOzpis7T9nXJEbJhvQ=="],
 
+    "nice-grpc": ["nice-grpc@2.1.16", "", { "dependencies": { "@grpc/grpc-js": "^1.14.0", "abort-controller-x": "^0.5.0", "nice-grpc-common": "^2.0.3" } }, "sha512-Cl3Pn00212Hl8/U6bpgMxmhZj5lyv3nWoJov4cd3FjWarktrMHP4DNvSjCnDwkMWYx4W1tyscEia4JX6Y4GVCQ=="],
+
+    "nice-grpc-common": ["nice-grpc-common@2.0.3", "", { "dependencies": { "ts-error": "^1.0.6" } }, "sha512-MEhnD3JMah0mgyivpb9hpRDbOBuXBxI/TVO+OK1h6rC97WM42HsPMR+zzRNQ0C5BqYJTw1nyWiQRD0DucO+pjQ=="],
+
     "nitro": ["nitro@3.0.1-alpha.1", "", { "dependencies": { "consola": "^3.4.2", "crossws": "^0.4.1", "db0": "^0.3.4", "h3": "2.0.1-rc.5", "jiti": "^2.6.1", "nf3": "^0.1.10", "ofetch": "^2.0.0-alpha.3", "ohash": "^2.0.11", "oxc-minify": "^0.96.0", "oxc-transform": "^0.96.0", "srvx": "^0.9.5", "undici": "^7.16.0", "unenv": "^2.0.0-rc.24", "unstorage": "^2.0.0-alpha.4" }, "peerDependencies": { "rolldown": "*", "rollup": "^4", "vite": "^7", "xml2js": "^0.6.2" }, "optionalPeers": ["rolldown", "rollup", "vite", "xml2js"], "bin": { "nitro": "dist/cli/index.mjs" } }, "sha512-U4AxIsXxdkxzkFrK0XAw0e5Qbojk8jQ50MjjRBtBakC4HurTtQoiZvF+lSe382jhuQZCfAyywGWOFa9QzXLFaw=="],
 
     "nlcst-to-string": ["nlcst-to-string@4.0.0", "", { "dependencies": { "@types/nlcst": "^2.0.0" } }, "sha512-YKLBCcUYKAg0FNlOBT6aI91qFmSiFKiluk655WzPF+DDMA02qIyy8uiRqI8QXtcFpEvll12LpL5MXqEmAZ+dcA=="],
@@ -5632,6 +5665,8 @@
 
     "ts-dedent": ["ts-dedent@2.3.0", "", {}, "sha512-JfJeIHke7y2egdGGgRAvpCwYFUsHlM2gPcrVOxFkznt/4uzQ7HFmvE63iFHVLBJNDuyDOQgijDK/tXH/f6Msjg=="],
 
+    "ts-error": ["ts-error@1.0.6", "", {}, "sha512-tLJxacIQUM82IR7JO1UUkKlYuUTmoY9HBJAmNWFzheSlDS5SPMcNIepejHJa4BpPQLAcbRhRf3GDJzyj6rbKvA=="],
+
     "ts-interface-checker": ["ts-interface-checker@0.1.13", "", {}, "sha512-Y/arvbn+rrz3JCKl9C4kVNfTfSm2/mEp5FSz5EsZSANGPSlQrpRI5M4PKF+mJnE52jOO90PnPSc3Ur3bTQw0gA=="],
 
     "tsconfck": ["tsconfck@3.1.6", "", { "peerDependencies": { "typescript": "^5.0.0" }, "optionalPeers": ["typescript"], "bin": { "tsconfck": "bin/tsconfck.js" } }, "sha512-ks6Vjr/jEw0P1gmOVwutM3B7fWxoWBL2KRDb1JfqGVawBmO5UsvmWOQFGHBPl5yxYz4eERr19E6L7NMv+Fej4w=="],
@@ -6590,6 +6625,8 @@
 
     "builder-util/js-yaml": ["js-yaml@4.3.0", "", { "dependencies": { "argparse": "^2.0.1" }, "bin": { "js-yaml": "bin/js-yaml.js" } }, "sha512-1td788aAnnZ5qs7V2QIRl1owjtYpbKt749Y3xauqQgwIIGF/xXWz1wMTEBx5O3LK3lXLVuqXPdPxj2BoFHaW9Q=="],
 
+    "cbor-extract/node-gyp-build-optional-packages": ["node-gyp-build-optional-packages@5.1.1", "", { "dependencies": { "detect-libc": "^2.0.1" }, "bin": { "node-gyp-build-optional-packages": "bin.js", "node-gyp-build-optional-packages-test": "build-test.js", "node-gyp-build-optional-packages-optional": "optional.js" } }, "sha512-+P72GAjVAbTxjjwUmwjVrqrdZROD4nf8KgpBoDxqXXTiYZZt/ud60dE5yvCSr9lRO8e8yv6kgJIC0K0PfZFVQw=="],
+
     "cliui/string-width": ["string-width@4.2.3", "", { "dependencies": { "emoji-regex": "^8.0.0", "is-fullwidth-code-point": "^3.0.0", "strip-ansi": "^6.0.1" } }, "sha512-wKyQRQpjJ0sIp62ErSZdGsjMJWsap5oRNihHhu6G7JVO/9jIB6UyevL+tXuOqrng8j/cxKTWyWUwvSTriiZz/g=="],
 
     "cliui/strip-ansi": ["strip-ansi@6.0.1", "", { "dependencies": { "ansi-regex": "^5.0.1" } }, "sha512-Y38VPSHcqkFrCpFnQ9vuSXmquuv5oXOKpGeT6aGrr3o3Gc9AlVa6JBfUSOCnbxGGZF+/0ooI7KrPuUSztUdU5A=="],
@@ -6734,6 +6771,8 @@
 
     "minipass-pipeline/minipass": ["minipass@3.3.6", "", { "dependencies": { "yallist": "^4.0.0" } }, "sha512-DxiNidxSEK+tHG6zOIklvNOwm3hvCrbUrdtzY74U6HKTJxvIDfOUL5W5P2Ghd3DTkhhKPYGqeNUIh5qcM4YBfw=="],
 
+    "modal/uuid": ["uuid@11.1.1", "", { "bin": { "uuid": "dist/esm/bin/uuid" } }, "sha512-vIYxrBCC/N/K+Js3qSN88go7kIfNPssr/hHCesKCQNAjmgvYS2oqr69kIufEG+O4+PfezOH4EbIeHCfFov8ZgQ=="],
+
     "motion/framer-motion": ["framer-motion@12.42.2", "", { "dependencies": { "motion-dom": "^12.42.2", "motion-utils": "^12.39.0", "tslib": "^2.4.0" }, "peerDependencies": { "@emotion/is-prop-valid": "*", "react": "^18.0.0 || ^19.0.0", "react-dom": "^18.0.0 || ^19.0.0" }, "optionalPeers": ["@emotion/is-prop-valid", "react", "react-dom"] }, "sha512-5XY9luDiu0oHfHBjpDthFMh0ES+122w6p/papSJBweMkO8Sn+PW2QaEgRblQBpWFnuvZS5qvarpt/hO2pjGmnw=="],
 
     "nitro/h3": ["h3@2.0.1-rc.5", "", { "dependencies": { "rou3": "^0.7.9", "srvx": "^0.9.1" }, "peerDependencies": { "crossws": "^0.4.1" }, "optionalPeers": ["crossws"] }, "sha512-qkohAzCab0nLzXNm78tBjZDvtKMTmtygS8BJLT3VPczAQofdqlFXDPkXdLMJN4r05+xqneG8snZJ0HgkERCZTg=="],

packages/core/package.json

@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
   },
   "exports": {
     "./environment": "./src/environment/index.ts",
+    "./testing/environment-conformance": "./test/lib/environment-conformance.ts",
     "./session/runner": "./src/session/runner/index.ts",
     "./instructions": "./src/instructions/index.ts",
     "./*": "./src/*.ts"

packages/server/package.json

@@ -20,7 +20,8 @@
     "@opencode-ai/simulation": "workspace:*",
     "@opencode-ai/util": "workspace:*",
     "drizzle-orm": "catalog:",
-    "effect": "catalog:"
+    "effect": "catalog:",
+    "modal": "0.9.0"
   },
   "devDependencies": {
     "@tsconfig/bun": "catalog:",

packages/server/src/workspace/modal.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,179 @@
+import { Effect, Sink, Stream } from "effect"
+import { systemError } from "effect/PlatformError"
+import type { Command, KillOptions } from "effect/unstable/process/ChildProcess"
+import { ExitCode, make, makeHandle, ProcessId } from "effect/unstable/process/ChildProcessSpawner"
+import type { Driver } from "@opencode-ai/core/environment"
+import type { ModalClientParams, Sandbox, SandboxCreateParams } from "modal"
+
+const INNER_WRAPPER = `
+pidfile=$1
+shift
+printf "%s" "$$" > "$pidfile"
+trap 'rm -f -- "$pidfile"' EXIT
+"$@"
+`
+
+const KILL = `
+i=0
+while [ ! -s "$1" ] && [ "$i" -lt 250 ]; do sleep 0.02; i=$((i + 1)); done
+if [ -s "$1" ]; then
+  pid=$(cat "$1")
+  /bin/kill "-$2" "-$pid" 2>/dev/null || true
+else
+  exit 47
+fi
+`
+
+export interface ModalImageSpec {
+  readonly registry: string
+  readonly dockerfileCommands: ReadonlyArray<string>
+}
+
+export interface ModalSandboxOptions {
+  readonly app: string
+  readonly client?: ModalClientParams
+  readonly image?: ModalImageSpec
+  readonly sandbox?: SandboxCreateParams
+}
+
+/**
+ * Ubuntu supplies the GNU coreutils and findutils required by the derived Files
+ * scripts. Busybox images do not satisfy the Environment contract.
+ */
+export const ubuntuImage: ModalImageSpec = {
+  registry: "ubuntu:24.04",
+  dockerfileCommands: [
+    "RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends git bash ripgrep ca-certificates coreutils findutils util-linux",
+  ],
+}
+
+/** Creates a Modal sandbox lazily, keeping the SDK off the server startup path when Modal is unused. */
+export const createModalSandbox = async (options: ModalSandboxOptions) => {
+  const { ModalClient } = await import("modal")
+  const client = new ModalClient(options.client)
+  const app = await client.apps.fromName(options.app, { createIfMissing: true })
+  const imageSpec = options.image ?? ubuntuImage
+  const image = client.images.fromRegistry(imageSpec.registry).dockerfileCommands([...imageSpec.dockerfileCommands])
+  const sandbox = await client.sandboxes.create(app, image, options.sandbox)
+  return {
+    driver: makeModalDriver(sandbox),
+    sandbox,
+    terminate: () => sandbox.terminate(),
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Adapts Modal exec to the Environment driver. Files intentionally has no native
+ * overrides: Modal exec and filesystem tools share the same roughly 175ms floor,
+ * so the derived exec defaults are the simplest implementation with no measured loss.
+ *
+ * Modal cannot signal a ContainerProcess. Each command therefore starts a new
+ * process group and records its leader in a unique pid file; kill runs a second
+ * sandbox command that signals that group. Pid files are removed best-effort.
+ */
+export const makeModalDriver = (sandbox: Sandbox): Driver => {
+  const spawn = Effect.fnUntraced(function* (command: Command) {
+    if (command._tag === "PipedCommand") {
+      return yield* Effect.fail(spawnError("spawn", "piped commands unsupported"))
+    }
+    if (command.options.additionalFds) {
+      return yield* Effect.fail(spawnError("spawn", "additional file descriptors unsupported"))
+    }
+
+    const pidFile = `/tmp/opencode-process-${crypto.randomUUID()}.pid`
+    const env = compact(command.options.env)
+    const isolatedEnv =
+      command.options.extendEnv === false || (!command.options.extendEnv && command.options.env !== undefined)
+    const argv = isolatedEnv ? ["env", "-i", ...Object.entries(env ?? {}).map(([key, value]) => `${key}=${value}`)] : []
+    const process = yield* Effect.tryPromise({
+      try: () =>
+        sandbox.exec(
+          ["setsid", "--wait", "sh", "-c", INNER_WRAPPER, "sh", pidFile, ...argv, command.command, ...command.args],
+          {
+            mode: "binary",
+            stdout: "pipe",
+            stderr: "pipe",
+            workdir: command.options.cwd,
+            env: isolatedEnv ? undefined : env,
+          },
+        ),
+      catch: (cause) => spawnError("spawn", undefined, cause),
+    })
+
+    const onError = (cause: unknown) => spawnError("process", undefined, cause)
+    let exited = false
+    const writer = process.stdin.getWriter()
+    let closingStdin: Promise<void> | undefined
+    const waited = process.wait().then((code) => {
+      exited = true
+      if (!closingStdin) writer.releaseLock()
+      return code
+    })
+    const exitCode = Effect.tryPromise({ try: () => waited, catch: onError }).pipe(Effect.map(ExitCode))
+    const kill = (options?: KillOptions) => {
+      if (exited) return Effect.void
+      return Effect.tryPromise({
+        try: async () => {
+          const killer = await sandbox.exec(["sh", "-c", KILL, "sh", pidFile, options?.killSignal ?? "SIGTERM"], {
+            stdout: "pipe",
+            stderr: "pipe",
+          })
+          const code = await killer.wait()
+          if (code !== 0) throw new Error(`modal kill exited ${code}`)
+        },
+        catch: onError,
+      }).pipe(Effect.andThen(exitCode), Effect.asVoid)
+    }
+
+    yield* Effect.addFinalizer(() => kill(command.options).pipe(Effect.ignore))
+
+    const closeStdin = Effect.tryPromise({
+      try: () => (closingStdin ??= writer.close().finally(() => writer.releaseLock())),
+      catch: onError,
+    })
+    const writeStdin = Sink.forEach((chunk: Uint8Array) =>
+      Effect.tryPromise({ try: () => writer.write(chunk), catch: onError }),
+    )
+    const inputConfig = command.options.stdin
+    const inputOptions =
+      inputConfig !== undefined && typeof inputConfig === "object" && !Stream.isStream(inputConfig)
+        ? inputConfig
+        : undefined
+    const input = inputOptions?.stream ?? inputConfig
+    const stdin = inputOptions?.endOnDone === false ? writeStdin : writeStdin.pipe(Sink.ensuring(closeStdin))
+    if (input === "ignore") {
+      yield* closeStdin
+    }
+    if (Stream.isStream(input)) {
+      yield* Effect.forkScoped(Stream.run(input, stdin))
+    }
+
+    const stdout = Stream.fromReadableStream({ evaluate: () => process.stdout, onError })
+    const stderr = Stream.fromReadableStream({ evaluate: () => process.stderr, onError })
+    return makeHandle({
+      pid: ProcessId(crypto.getRandomValues(new Uint32Array(1))[0]),
+      exitCode,
+      isRunning: Effect.sync(() => !exited),
+      kill,
+      stdin,
+      stdout,
+      stderr,
+      all: Stream.merge(stdout, stderr),
+      getInputFd: () => Sink.fail(spawnError("getInputFd", "unsupported")),
+      getOutputFd: () => Stream.fail(spawnError("getOutputFd", "unsupported")),
+      unref: Effect.succeed(Effect.void),
+    })
+  })
+
+  return { spawner: make(spawn) }
+}
+
+const compact = (env: Record<string, string | undefined> | undefined) => {
+  if (!env) return undefined
+  return Object.fromEntries(Object.entries(env).flatMap(([key, value]) => (value === undefined ? [] : [[key, value]])))
+}
+
+const spawnError = (method: string, description?: string, cause?: unknown) =>
+  systemError({ _tag: "Unknown", module: "ModalDriver", method, description, cause })
+
+export * as ModalDriver from "./modal"

packages/server/test/environment-modal.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+import fs from "node:fs"
+import os from "node:os"
+import path from "node:path"
+import { afterAll, expect, test } from "bun:test"
+import { Effect } from "effect"
+import { ChildProcess } from "effect/unstable/process"
+import { Failed, makeFiles } from "@opencode-ai/core/environment"
+import { environmentConformance } from "@opencode-ai/core/testing/environment-conformance"
+import { createModalSandbox } from "../src/workspace/modal"
+
+const enabled =
+  !!process.env.OPENCODE_TEST_MODAL &&
+  ((!!process.env.MODAL_TOKEN_ID && !!process.env.MODAL_TOKEN_SECRET) ||
+    fs.existsSync(path.join(os.homedir(), ".modal.toml")))
+const modalTest = enabled ? test : test.skip
+const root = `/tmp/opencode-environment-${crypto.randomUUID()}`
+const sandbox = enabled
+  ? createModalSandbox({
+      app: "opencode-environment-tests",
+      sandbox: { timeoutMs: 10 * 60 * 1000 },
+    })
+  : undefined
+
+modalTest(
+  "kills a running modal process",
+  async () => {
+    const value = await sandbox!
+    const started = performance.now()
+    const exitCode = await Effect.runPromise(
+      Effect.scoped(
+        Effect.gen(function* () {
+          const handle = yield* value.driver.spawner.spawn(ChildProcess.make("sleep", ["300"]))
+          yield* handle.kill()
+          return yield* handle.exitCode
+        }),
+      ).pipe(Effect.timeout("10 seconds")),
+    )
+    expect(exitCode).not.toBe(0)
+    expect(performance.now() - started).toBeLessThan(10_000)
+  },
+  15_000,
+)
+
+environmentConformance(
+  "modal environment",
+  () =>
+    Effect.promise(async () => {
+      const value = await sandbox!
+      return {
+        files: makeFiles(value.driver),
+        root,
+        symlink: (target, link) =>
+          Effect.scoped(value.driver.spawner.exitCode(ChildProcess.make("ln", ["-s", "--", target, link]))).pipe(
+            Effect.flatMap((code) =>
+              code === 0 ? Effect.void : Effect.fail(new Failed({ path: link, cause: new Error(`ln exited ${code}`) })),
+            ),
+            Effect.mapError((cause) => (cause instanceof Failed ? cause : new Failed({ path: link, cause }))),
+          ),
+      }
+    }),
+  !enabled,
+)
+
+afterAll(async () => {
+  if (!sandbox) return
+  await (await sandbox).terminate()
+})