refactor(core): remove output paths metadata

Co-authored-by: Dax Raad <d@ironbay.co>

bun.lock

@@ -132,18 +132,14 @@
         "@opencode-ai/server": "workspace:*",
         "@opencode-ai/tui": "workspace:*",
         "@opentui/core": "catalog:",
-        "@opentui/keymap": "catalog:",
         "@opentui/solid": "catalog:",
         "@parcel/watcher": "2.5.1",
         "effect": "catalog:",
-        "fuzzysort": "catalog:",
         "immer": "11.1.4",
         "jsonc-parser": "3.3.1",
         "open": "10.1.2",
-        "opentui-spinner": "catalog:",
         "semver": "catalog:",
         "solid-js": "catalog:",
-        "strip-ansi": "7.1.2",
         "uqr": "0.1.3",
         "ws": "8.21.0",
       },
@@ -900,6 +896,9 @@
       "version": "1.17.13",
       "dependencies": {
         "@fontsource/commit-mono": "5.2.5",
+        "@fontsource/noto-sans-math": "5.2.5",
+        "@fontsource/noto-sans-symbols": "5.2.5",
+        "@fontsource/noto-sans-symbols-2": "5.2.5",
         "@napi-rs/canvas": "1.0.2",
         "@opencode-ai/ai": "workspace:*",
         "@opencode-ai/core": "workspace:*",
@@ -1026,6 +1025,7 @@
         "@opencode-ai/client": "workspace:*",
         "@opencode-ai/core": "workspace:*",
         "@opencode-ai/plugin": "workspace:*",
+        "@opencode-ai/schema": "workspace:*",
         "@opencode-ai/simulation": "workspace:*",
         "@opencode-ai/ui": "workspace:*",
         "@opentui/core": "catalog:",
@@ -1795,6 +1795,12 @@
 
     "@fontsource/inter": ["@fontsource/inter@5.2.8", "", {}, "sha512-P6r5WnJoKiNVV+zvW2xM13gNdFhAEpQ9dQJHt3naLvfg+LkF2ldgSLiF4T41lf1SQCM9QmkqPTn4TH568IRagg=="],
 
+    "@fontsource/noto-sans-math": ["@fontsource/noto-sans-math@5.2.5", "", {}, "sha512-1bxEvVlF51Vfgpju32mRZzI/CHvsfqjXjI2+sAuEyHYvXABUAIyj+93sCO3QZIoMG5drWyrzgoCqRQRaL6wQ8Q=="],
+
+    "@fontsource/noto-sans-symbols": ["@fontsource/noto-sans-symbols@5.2.5", "", {}, "sha512-mxoIRstsmZpZFzd/SRWiD+l6T7TGhpgCrGs7TEnnuGSQIfjVMrQT9Zej2enh9pkfmPNAFyeaGJkHkszJ1hH++w=="],
+
+    "@fontsource/noto-sans-symbols-2": ["@fontsource/noto-sans-symbols-2@5.2.5", "", {}, "sha512-F4O9WLifwoZS1quNzY1ebjMNo2cQPe/UP68Dmud0ONi2lOxaR6xp6fFPO2gG17MI7DwAnfMyQFl64A2tAd28hg=="],
+
     "@fuma-translate/react": ["@fuma-translate/react@1.0.2", "", { "peerDependencies": { "@types/react": "*", "react": "^19.2.0", "react-dom": "^19.2.0" }, "optionalPeers": ["@types/react"] }, "sha512-uOiOtBx3nRXR8Nu1GzBf1tApgF1FErDBTHxRIAQeyQdyOoZbrNRN6H4kDCWObY4qyGeGbHydG0DHzgeUgFDMIw=="],
 
     "@fumadocs/tailwind": ["@fumadocs/tailwind@0.1.0", "", { "peerDependencies": { "tailwindcss": "^4.0.0" }, "optionalPeers": ["tailwindcss"] }, "sha512-nF/DCAwOR21HZ4AkjIOv3Iqwyqywzb6pdyeMcoa+aZzirXj5ntvNZbe3jJ0v3ehhtrRfYYeXBezvjn8ZmV+fuQ=="],

packages/ai/STATUS.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # LLM Provider Parity Status
 
-Last reviewed: 2026-07-16
+Last reviewed: 2026-07-17
 
 This file tracks the gap between the native `@opencode-ai/ai` package and the AI SDK provider packages that opencode still depends on for many catalog/runtime paths.
 
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ This file tracks the gap between the native `@opencode-ai/ai` package and the AI
 | OpenAI Responses WebSocket         | `src/protocols/openai-responses.ts`, `src/route/transport/websocket.ts`                        | Present as `OpenAI.responsesWebSocket(...)`.                                                                                                                             | Runner/catalog support explicitly must not downgrade WebSocket routes; broader runtime selection is not complete.                                                                                                                                         |
 | OpenAI-compatible Chat             | `src/protocols/openai-compatible-chat.ts`, `src/providers/openai-compatible.ts`                | Usable for generic Chat and several profiles: Baseten, Cerebras, DeepInfra, DeepSeek, Fireworks, Groq, TogetherAI.                                                       | Family quirks are mostly endpoint defaults, not full typed behavior.                                                                                                                                                                                      |
 | OpenAI-compatible Responses        | `src/protocols/openai-compatible-responses.ts`, `src/providers/openai-compatible-responses.ts` | Usable for deployments that implement the OpenAI Responses wire protocol.                                                                                                | No named family profiles or recorded deployment coverage yet.                                                                                                                                                                                             |
-| Anthropic-compatible Messages      | `src/protocols/anthropic-messages.ts`, `src/providers/anthropic-compatible.ts`                 | Usable for deployments that implement the Anthropic Messages wire protocol. Named Anthropic composes this base.                                                          | No named compatible family profiles or recorded deployment coverage yet.                                                                                                                                                                                  |
+| Anthropic-compatible Messages      | `src/protocols/anthropic-messages.ts`, `src/providers/anthropic-compatible.ts`                 | Usable for deployments that implement the Anthropic Messages wire protocol. Named Anthropic composes this base; MiniMax M3 has recorded text and tool-loop coverage.       | No named compatible family profiles yet.                                                                                                                                                                                                                  |
 | Anthropic Messages                 | `src/protocols/anthropic-messages.ts`, `src/providers/anthropic.ts`                            | Usable. Supports tools, thinking, cache control, images, server-hosted tool events, and usage.                                                                           | Provider option surface is small. Beta/header handling, metadata, and newer Messages fields need a typed parity pass.                                                                                                                                     |
 | Gemini Developer API               | `src/protocols/gemini.ts`, `src/providers/google.ts`                                           | Usable for Google API key flow. Supports text, images, tools, thinking signatures, and cache usage.                                                                      | This is not Vertex. Typed provider options are narrow; many Gemini request fields currently require raw `http.body` overlays.                                                                                                                             |
 | Vertex Gemini                      | `src/protocols/gemini.ts`, `src/providers/google-vertex.ts`                                    | Usable through API-key express mode, explicit OAuth tokens, or ADC with project/location endpoint derivation, including tuned `endpoints/...` deployments.               | Core runner/catalog mapping and recorded provider coverage are missing.                                                                                                                                                                                   |

packages/ai/script/setup-recording-env.ts

@@ -161,6 +161,18 @@ const PROVIDERS: ReadonlyArray<Provider> = [
     vars: [{ name: "TOGETHER_AI_API_KEY" }],
     validate: (env) => validateBearer("https://api.together.xyz/v1/models", Redacted.make(env.TOGETHER_AI_API_KEY)),
   },
+  {
+    id: "minimax",
+    label: "MiniMax",
+    tier: "compatible",
+    note: "Anthropic-compatible Messages text/tool recorded tests",
+    vars: [{ name: "MINIMAX_API_KEY" }],
+    validate: (env) =>
+      HttpClientRequest.get("https://api.minimax.io/anthropic/v1/models").pipe(
+        HttpClientRequest.setHeader("x-api-key", Redacted.value(Redacted.make(env.MINIMAX_API_KEY))),
+        executeRequest,
+      ),
+  },
   {
     id: "mistral",
     label: "Mistral",

packages/ai/src/protocols/anthropic-messages.ts

@@ -703,7 +703,14 @@ const onContentBlockStart = (state: ParserState, event: AnthropicEvent): StepRes
           providerExecuted: block.type === "server_tool_use",
         }),
       },
-      [...events, LLMEvent.toolInputStart({ id: block.id ?? String(event.index), name: block.name ?? "" })],
+      [
+        ...events,
+        LLMEvent.toolInputStart({
+          id: block.id ?? String(event.index),
+          name: block.name ?? "",
+          providerExecuted: block.type === "server_tool_use" ? true : undefined,
+        }),
+      ],
     ]
   }
 

packages/ai/src/protocols/bedrock-converse.ts

@@ -561,7 +561,9 @@ const step = (state: ParserState, event: BedrockEvent) =>
       return [
         {
           ...state,
-          hasToolCalls: resultEvents.some(LLMEvent.is.toolCall) ? true : state.hasToolCalls,
+          hasToolCalls:
+            resultEvents.some((event) => LLMEvent.is.toolCall(event) || LLMEvent.is.toolInputError(event)) ||
+            state.hasToolCalls,
           lifecycle,
           tools: result.tools,
           reasoningSignatures: Object.fromEntries(

packages/ai/src/protocols/openai-chat.ts

@@ -75,6 +75,8 @@ const OpenAIChatMessage = Schema.Union([
     content: Schema.NullOr(Schema.String),
     tool_calls: optionalArray(OpenAIChatAssistantToolCall),
     reasoning_content: Schema.optional(Schema.String),
+    reasoning: Schema.optional(Schema.String),
+    reasoning_text: Schema.optional(Schema.String),
   }),
   Schema.Struct({ role: Schema.Literal("tool"), tool_call_id: Schema.String, content: Schema.String }),
 ]).pipe(Schema.toTaggedUnion("role"))
@@ -145,6 +147,8 @@ type OpenAIChatToolCallDelta = Schema.Schema.Type<typeof OpenAIChatToolCallDelta
 const OpenAIChatDelta = Schema.Struct({
   content: optionalNull(Schema.String),
   reasoning_content: optionalNull(Schema.String),
+  reasoning: optionalNull(Schema.String),
+  reasoning_text: optionalNull(Schema.String),
   tool_calls: optionalNull(Schema.Array(OpenAIChatToolCallDelta)),
 })
 
@@ -166,6 +170,7 @@ export interface ParserState {
   readonly usage?: Usage
   readonly finishReason?: FinishReason
   readonly lifecycle: Lifecycle.State
+  readonly reasoningField?: "reasoning" | "reasoning_content" | "reasoning_text"
 }
 
 // =============================================================================
@@ -208,6 +213,12 @@ const lowerMedia = Effect.fn("OpenAIChat.lowerMedia")(function* (part: MediaPart
 const openAICompatibleReasoningContent = (native: unknown) =>
   isRecord(native) && typeof native.reasoning_content === "string" ? native.reasoning_content : undefined
 
+const reasoningField = (part: ReasoningPart) => {
+  const field = part.providerMetadata?.openai?.reasoningField
+  if (field === "reasoning" || field === "reasoning_content" || field === "reasoning_text") return field
+  return "reasoning_content"
+}
+
 const lowerUserMessage = Effect.fn("OpenAIChat.lowerUserMessage")(function* (message: OpenAIChatRequestMessage) {
   const content: Array<Schema.Schema.Type<typeof OpenAIChatUserContent>> = []
   for (const part of message.content) {
@@ -248,14 +259,20 @@ const lowerAssistantMessage = Effect.fn("OpenAIChat.lowerAssistantMessage")(func
       continue
     }
   }
+  const text = reasoning.map((part) => part.text).join("")
+  const field = reasoning[0] ? reasoningField(reasoning[0]) : "reasoning_content"
   return {
     role: "assistant" as const,
     content: content.length === 0 ? null : ProviderShared.joinText(content),
     tool_calls: toolCalls.length === 0 ? undefined : toolCalls,
     reasoning_content:
-      reasoning.length > 0
-        ? reasoning.map((part) => part.text).join("")
-        : openAICompatibleReasoningContent(message.native?.openaiCompatible),
+      reasoning.length === 0
+        ? openAICompatibleReasoningContent(message.native?.openaiCompatible)
+        : field === "reasoning_content"
+          ? text
+          : undefined,
+    reasoning: reasoning.length > 0 && field === "reasoning" ? text : undefined,
+    reasoning_text: reasoning.length > 0 && field === "reasoning_text" ? text : undefined,
   }
 })
 
@@ -400,6 +417,12 @@ const mapUsage = (usage: OpenAIChatEvent["usage"]): Usage | undefined => {
   })
 }
 
+const reasoningDelta = (delta: Schema.Schema.Type<typeof OpenAIChatDelta> | null | undefined) => {
+  if (delta?.reasoning_content) return { field: "reasoning_content", text: delta.reasoning_content } as const
+  if (delta?.reasoning) return { field: "reasoning", text: delta.reasoning } as const
+  if (delta?.reasoning_text) return { field: "reasoning_text", text: delta.reasoning_text } as const
+}
+
 const step = (state: ParserState, event: OpenAIChatEvent) =>
   Effect.gen(function* () {
     const events: LLMEvent[] = []
@@ -412,8 +435,12 @@ const step = (state: ParserState, event: OpenAIChatEvent) =>
 
     let lifecycle = state.lifecycle
 
-    if (delta?.reasoning_content)
-      lifecycle = Lifecycle.reasoningDelta(lifecycle, events, "reasoning-0", delta.reasoning_content)
+    const reasoning = reasoningDelta(delta)
+    const reasoningField = state.reasoningField ?? reasoning?.field
+    if (reasoning)
+      lifecycle = Lifecycle.reasoningDelta(lifecycle, events, "reasoning-0", reasoning.text, {
+        openai: { reasoningField: reasoningField ?? reasoning.field },
+      })
 
     if (delta?.content) {
       lifecycle = Lifecycle.reasoningEnd(lifecycle, events, "reasoning-0")
@@ -437,7 +464,7 @@ const step = (state: ParserState, event: OpenAIChatEvent) =>
     }
 
     // Finalize accumulated tool inputs eagerly when finish_reason arrives so
-    // JSON parse failures fail the stream at the boundary rather than at halt.
+    // valid calls and malformed local calls settle independently.
     const finished =
       finishReason !== undefined && state.finishReason === undefined && Object.keys(tools).length > 0
         ? yield* ToolStream.finishAll(ADAPTER, tools)
@@ -450,6 +477,7 @@ const step = (state: ParserState, event: OpenAIChatEvent) =>
         usage,
         finishReason,
         lifecycle,
+        reasoningField,
       },
       events,
     ] as const
@@ -482,7 +510,12 @@ export const protocol = Protocol.make({
   },
   stream: {
     event: Protocol.jsonEvent(OpenAIChatEvent),
-    initial: () => ({ tools: ToolStream.empty<number>(), toolCallEvents: [], lifecycle: Lifecycle.initial() }),
+    initial: () => ({
+      tools: ToolStream.empty<number>(),
+      toolCallEvents: [],
+      lifecycle: Lifecycle.initial(),
+      reasoningField: undefined,
+    }),
     step,
     onHalt: finishEvents,
   },

packages/ai/src/protocols/openai-responses.ts

@@ -835,7 +835,9 @@ const onOutputItemDone = Effect.fn("OpenAIResponses.onOutputItemDone")(function*
       {
         ...state,
         lifecycle,
-        hasFunctionCall: resultEvents.some(LLMEvent.is.toolCall) ? true : state.hasFunctionCall,
+        hasFunctionCall:
+          resultEvents.some((event) => LLMEvent.is.toolCall(event) || LLMEvent.is.toolInputError(event)) ||
+          state.hasFunctionCall,
         tools: result.tools,
       },
       events,

packages/ai/src/protocols/utils/tool-stream.ts

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 import { Effect } from "effect"
-import { LLMError, LLMEvent, type ProviderMetadata, type ToolCall } from "../../schema"
+import { LLMError, LLMEvent, type ProviderMetadata, type ToolCall, type ToolInputError } from "../../schema"
 import { eventError, parseToolInput, type ToolAccumulator } from "../shared"
 
 type StreamKey = string | number
@@ -53,6 +53,7 @@ const inputStart = (tool: PendingTool) =>
   LLMEvent.toolInputStart({
     id: tool.id,
     name: tool.name,
+    providerExecuted: tool.providerExecuted ? true : undefined,
     providerMetadata: tool.providerMetadata,
   })
 
@@ -63,19 +64,36 @@ const inputDelta = (tool: PendingTool, text: string) =>
     text,
   })
 
-const toolCall = (route: string, tool: PendingTool, inputOverride?: string) =>
-  parseToolInput(route, tool.name, inputOverride ?? tool.input).pipe(
-    Effect.map(
-      (input): ToolCall =>
-        LLMEvent.toolCall({
-          id: tool.id,
-          name: tool.name,
-          input,
-          providerExecuted: tool.providerExecuted ? true : undefined,
-          providerMetadata: tool.providerMetadata,
-        }),
+const toolCall = (route: string, tool: PendingTool, inputOverride?: string) => {
+  const raw = inputOverride ?? tool.input
+  return parseToolInput(route, tool.name, raw).pipe(
+    Effect.map((input): ToolCall | ToolInputError =>
+      LLMEvent.toolCall({
+        id: tool.id,
+        name: tool.name,
+        input,
+        providerExecuted: tool.providerExecuted ? true : undefined,
+        providerMetadata: tool.providerMetadata,
+      }),
+    ),
+    Effect.catch((error) =>
+      tool.providerExecuted
+        ? Effect.fail(error)
+        : Effect.succeed(
+            LLMEvent.toolInputError({
+              id: tool.id,
+              name: tool.name,
+              raw,
+            }),
+          ),
     ),
   )
+}
+
+const finishEvents = (tool: PendingTool, event: ToolCall | ToolInputError): ReadonlyArray<LLMEvent> =>
+  event.type === "tool-input-error"
+    ? [event]
+    : [LLMEvent.toolInputEnd({ id: tool.id, name: tool.name, providerMetadata: tool.providerMetadata }), event]
 
 /** Store the updated tool and produce the optional public delta event. */
 const appendTool = <K extends StreamKey>(
@@ -158,8 +176,9 @@ export const appendExisting = <K extends StreamKey>(
 
 /**
  * Finalize one pending tool call: parse the accumulated raw JSON, remove it
- * from state, and return the optional public `tool-call` event. Missing keys are
- * a no-op because some providers emit stop events for non-tool content blocks.
+ * from state, and return either a call or a non-executable local input error.
+ * Missing keys are a no-op because some providers emit stop events for
+ * non-tool content blocks.
  */
 export const finish = <K extends StreamKey>(route: string, tools: State<K>, key: K) =>
   Effect.gen(function* () {
@@ -167,10 +186,7 @@ export const finish = <K extends StreamKey>(route: string, tools: State<K>, key:
     if (!tool) return { tools }
     return {
       tools: withoutTool(tools, key),
-      events: [
-        LLMEvent.toolInputEnd({ id: tool.id, name: tool.name, providerMetadata: tool.providerMetadata }),
-        yield* toolCall(route, tool),
-      ],
+      events: finishEvents(tool, yield* toolCall(route, tool)),
     }
   })
 
@@ -185,17 +201,14 @@ export const finishWithInput = <K extends StreamKey>(route: string, tools: State
     if (!tool) return { tools }
     return {
       tools: withoutTool(tools, key),
-      events: [
-        LLMEvent.toolInputEnd({ id: tool.id, name: tool.name, providerMetadata: tool.providerMetadata }),
-        yield* toolCall(route, tool, input),
-      ],
+      events: finishEvents(tool, yield* toolCall(route, tool, input)),
     }
   })
 
 /**
  * Finalize every pending tool call at once. OpenAI Chat has this shape: it does
- * not emit per-tool stop events, so all accumulated calls finish when the choice
- * receives a terminal `finish_reason`.
+ * not emit per-tool stop events, so all accumulated calls finish independently
+ * when the choice receives a terminal `finish_reason`.
  */
 export const finishAll = <K extends StreamKey>(route: string, tools: State<K>) =>
   Effect.gen(function* () {
@@ -205,12 +218,7 @@ export const finishAll = <K extends StreamKey>(route: string, tools: State<K>) =
     return {
       tools: empty<K>(),
       events: yield* Effect.forEach(pending, (tool) =>
-        toolCall(route, tool).pipe(
-          Effect.map((call) => [
-            LLMEvent.toolInputEnd({ id: tool.id, name: tool.name, providerMetadata: tool.providerMetadata }),
-            call,
-          ]),
-        ),
+        toolCall(route, tool).pipe(Effect.map((event) => finishEvents(tool, event))),
       ).pipe(Effect.map((events) => events.flat())),
     }
   })

packages/ai/src/schema/events.ts

@@ -129,6 +129,7 @@ export const ToolInputStart = Schema.Struct({
   type: Schema.tag("tool-input-start"),
   id: ToolCallID,
   name: Schema.String,
+  providerExecuted: Schema.optional(Schema.Boolean),
   providerMetadata: Schema.optional(ProviderMetadata),
 }).annotate({ identifier: "LLM.Event.ToolInputStart" })
 export type ToolInputStart = Schema.Schema.Type<typeof ToolInputStart>
@@ -149,6 +150,15 @@ export const ToolInputEnd = Schema.Struct({
 }).annotate({ identifier: "LLM.Event.ToolInputEnd" })
 export type ToolInputEnd = Schema.Schema.Type<typeof ToolInputEnd>
 
+/** A local tool call whose final input could not be decoded. */
+export const ToolInputError = Schema.Struct({
+  type: Schema.tag("tool-input-error"),
+  id: ToolCallID,
+  name: Schema.String,
+  raw: Schema.String,
+}).annotate({ identifier: "LLM.Event.ToolInputError" })
+export type ToolInputError = Schema.Schema.Type<typeof ToolInputError>
+
 export const ToolCall = Schema.Struct({
   type: Schema.tag("tool-call"),
   id: ToolCallID,
@@ -216,6 +226,7 @@ const llmEventTagged = Schema.Union([
   ToolInputStart,
   ToolInputDelta,
   ToolInputEnd,
+  ToolInputError,
   ToolCall,
   ToolResult,
   ToolError,
@@ -253,6 +264,8 @@ export const LLMEvent = Object.assign(llmEventTagged, {
   toolInputDelta: (input: WithID<ToolInputDelta, ToolCallID>) =>
     ToolInputDelta.make({ ...input, id: toolCallID(input.id) }),
   toolInputEnd: (input: WithID<ToolInputEnd, ToolCallID>) => ToolInputEnd.make({ ...input, id: toolCallID(input.id) }),
+  toolInputError: (input: WithID<ToolInputError, ToolCallID>) =>
+    ToolInputError.make({ ...input, id: toolCallID(input.id) }),
   toolCall: (input: WithID<ToolCall, ToolCallID>) => ToolCall.make({ ...input, id: toolCallID(input.id) }),
   toolResult: (input: WithID<ToolResult, ToolCallID>) =>
     ToolResult.make({
@@ -283,6 +296,7 @@ export const LLMEvent = Object.assign(llmEventTagged, {
     toolInputStart: llmEventTagged.guards["tool-input-start"],
     toolInputDelta: llmEventTagged.guards["tool-input-delta"],
     toolInputEnd: llmEventTagged.guards["tool-input-end"],
+    toolInputError: llmEventTagged.guards["tool-input-error"],
     toolCall: llmEventTagged.guards["tool-call"],
     toolResult: llmEventTagged.guards["tool-result"],
     toolError: llmEventTagged.guards["tool-error"],
@@ -548,6 +562,10 @@ const reduceResponseState = (state: ResponseState, event: LLMEvent): ResponseSta
       return reduceToolInputDelta(next, event)
     case "tool-input-end":
       return reduceToolInputEnd(next, event)
+    case "tool-input-error": {
+      const { [event.id]: _finished, ...toolInputs } = next.toolInputs
+      return { ...next, toolInputs }
+    }
     case "tool-call":
       return reduceToolCall(next, event)
     case "tool-result":

packages/ai/test/fixtures/recordings/anthropic-compatible-messages/minimax-m3-anthropic-compatible-text.json

@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+{
+  "version": 1,
+  "metadata": {
+    "provider": "minimax",
+    "protocol": "anthropic-messages",
+    "route": "anthropic-messages",
+    "transport": "http",
+    "model": "MiniMax-M3",
+    "tags": [
+      "prefix:anthropic-compatible-messages",
+      "provider:minimax",
+      "protocol:anthropic-messages",
+      "text",
+      "golden"
+    ],
+    "name": "anthropic-compatible-messages/minimax-m3-anthropic-compatible-text",
+    "recordedAt": "2026-07-18T03:42:22.893Z"
+  },
+  "interactions": [
+    {
+      "transport": "http",
+      "request": {
+        "method": "POST",
+        "url": "https://api.minimax.io/anthropic/v1/messages",
+        "headers": {
+          "anthropic-version": "2023-06-01",
+          "content-type": "application/json"
+        },
+        "body": "{\"model\":\"MiniMax-M3\",\"system\":[{\"type\":\"text\",\"text\":\"You are concise.\"}],\"messages\":[{\"role\":\"user\",\"content\":[{\"type\":\"text\",\"text\":\"Reply exactly with: Hello!\"}]}],\"stream\":true,\"max_tokens\":40,\"temperature\":0}"
+      },
+      "response": {
+        "status": 200,
+        "headers": {
+          "content-type": "text/event-stream; charset=utf-8"
+        },
+        "body": "event: message_start\ndata: {\"type\":\"message_start\",\"message\":{\"id\":\"1a0b363d0882af316faebcec4d4855a8\",\"type\":\"message\",\"role\":\"assistant\",\"content\":[],\"model\":\"MiniMax-M3\",\"stop_reason\":null,\"stop_sequence\":null,\"usage\":{\"input_tokens\":53,\"output_tokens\":0,\"cache_creation_input_tokens\":0,\"cache_read_input_tokens\":114,\"service_tier\":\"standard\"},\"service_tier\":\"standard\"}}\n\nevent: ping\ndata: {\"type\":\"ping\"}\n\nevent: content_block_start\ndata: {\"type\":\"content_block_start\",\"index\":0,\"content_block\":{\"type\":\"text\",\"text\":\"\"}}\n\nevent: content_block_delta\ndata: {\"type\":\"content_block_delta\",\"index\":0,\"delta\":{\"type\":\"text_delta\",\"text\":\"Hello\"}}\n\nevent: content_block_delta\ndata: {\"type\":\"content_block_delta\",\"index\":0,\"delta\":{\"type\":\"text_delta\",\"text\":\"!\"}}\n\nevent: content_block_stop\ndata: {\"type\":\"content_block_stop\",\"index\":0}\n\nevent: message_delta\ndata: {\"type\":\"message_delta\",\"delta\":{\"stop_reason\":\"end_turn\"},\"usage\":{\"input_tokens\":53,\"output_tokens\":2,\"cache_read_input_tokens\":114,\"service_tier\":\"standard\"}}\n\nevent: message_stop\ndata: {\"type\":\"message_stop\"}\n\n"
+      }
+    }
+  ]
+}

packages/ai/test/fixtures/recordings/anthropic-compatible-messages/minimax-m3-anthropic-compatible-tool-call.json

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+{
+  "version": 1,
+  "metadata": {
+    "provider": "minimax",
+    "protocol": "anthropic-messages",
+    "route": "anthropic-messages",
+    "transport": "http",
+    "model": "MiniMax-M3",
+    "tags": [
+      "prefix:anthropic-compatible-messages",
+      "provider:minimax",
+      "protocol:anthropic-messages",
+      "tool",
+      "tool-call",
+      "golden"
+    ],
+    "name": "anthropic-compatible-messages/minimax-m3-anthropic-compatible-tool-call",
+    "recordedAt": "2026-07-18T03:42:23.876Z"
+  },
+  "interactions": [
+    {
+      "transport": "http",
+      "request": {
+        "method": "POST",
+        "url": "https://api.minimax.io/anthropic/v1/messages",
+        "headers": {
+          "anthropic-version": "2023-06-01",
+          "content-type": "application/json"
+        },
+        "body": "{\"model\":\"MiniMax-M3\",\"system\":[{\"type\":\"text\",\"text\":\"Call tools exactly as requested.\"}],\"messages\":[{\"role\":\"user\",\"content\":[{\"type\":\"text\",\"text\":\"Call get_weather with city exactly Paris.\"}]}],\"tools\":[{\"name\":\"get_weather\",\"description\":\"Get current weather for a city.\",\"input_schema\":{\"type\":\"object\",\"properties\":{\"city\":{\"type\":\"string\"}},\"required\":[\"city\"],\"additionalProperties\":false}}],\"tool_choice\":{\"type\":\"tool\",\"name\":\"get_weather\"},\"stream\":true,\"max_tokens\":80,\"temperature\":0}"
+      },
+      "response": {
+        "status": 200,
+        "headers": {
+          "content-type": "text/event-stream; charset=utf-8"
+        },
+        "body": "event: message_start\ndata: {\"type\":\"message_start\",\"message\":{\"id\":\"6731ecc323233459d1792df9a733dd98\",\"type\":\"message\",\"role\":\"assistant\",\"content\":[],\"model\":\"MiniMax-M3\",\"stop_reason\":null,\"stop_sequence\":null,\"usage\":{\"input_tokens\":0,\"output_tokens\":0,\"cache_creation_input_tokens\":0,\"cache_read_input_tokens\":404,\"service_tier\":\"standard\"},\"service_tier\":\"standard\"}}\n\nevent: ping\ndata: {\"type\":\"ping\"}\n\nevent: content_block_start\ndata: {\"type\":\"content_block_start\",\"index\":0,\"content_block\":{\"type\":\"tool_use\",\"id\":\"call_function_vkxtif4epmvm_1\",\"name\":\"get_weather\",\"input\":{}}}\n\nevent: content_block_delta\ndata: {\"type\":\"content_block_delta\",\"index\":0,\"delta\":{\"type\":\"input_json_delta\",\"partial_json\":\"{\\\"city\\\": \\\"Paris\"}}\n\nevent: content_block_delta\ndata: {\"type\":\"content_block_delta\",\"index\":0,\"delta\":{\"type\":\"input_json_delta\",\"partial_json\":\"\\\"}\"}}\n\nevent: content_block_stop\ndata: {\"type\":\"content_block_stop\",\"index\":0}\n\nevent: message_delta\ndata: {\"type\":\"message_delta\",\"delta\":{\"stop_reason\":\"tool_use\"},\"usage\":{\"input_tokens\":290,\"output_tokens\":27,\"cache_read_input_tokens\":114,\"service_tier\":\"standard\"}}\n\nevent: message_stop\ndata: {\"type\":\"message_stop\"}\n\n"
+      }
+    }
+  ]
+}

packages/ai/test/fixtures/recordings/anthropic-compatible-messages/minimax-m3-anthropic-compatible-tool-loop.json

@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+{
+  "version": 1,
+  "metadata": {
+    "provider": "minimax",
+    "protocol": "anthropic-messages",
+    "route": "anthropic-messages",
+    "transport": "http",
+    "model": "MiniMax-M3",
+    "tags": [
+      "prefix:anthropic-compatible-messages",
+      "provider:minimax",
+      "protocol:anthropic-messages",
+      "tool",
+      "tool-loop",
+      "golden"
+    ],
+    "name": "anthropic-compatible-messages/minimax-m3-anthropic-compatible-tool-loop",
+    "recordedAt": "2026-07-18T03:42:25.248Z"
+  },
+  "interactions": [
+    {
+      "transport": "http",
+      "request": {
+        "method": "POST",
+        "url": "https://api.minimax.io/anthropic/v1/messages",
+        "headers": {
+          "anthropic-version": "2023-06-01",
+          "content-type": "application/json"
+        },
+        "body": "{\"model\":\"MiniMax-M3\",\"system\":[{\"type\":\"text\",\"text\":\"Use the get_weather tool exactly once. After the tool result, reply exactly: Paris is sunny.\"}],\"messages\":[{\"role\":\"user\",\"content\":[{\"type\":\"text\",\"text\":\"What is the weather in Paris?\"}]}],\"tools\":[{\"name\":\"get_weather\",\"description\":\"Get current weather for a city.\",\"input_schema\":{\"type\":\"object\",\"properties\":{\"city\":{\"type\":\"string\"}},\"required\":[\"city\"],\"additionalProperties\":false}}],\"stream\":true,\"max_tokens\":80,\"temperature\":0}"
+      },
+      "response": {
+        "status": 200,
+        "headers": {
+          "content-type": "text/event-stream; charset=utf-8"
+        },
+        "body": "event: message_start\ndata: {\"type\":\"message_start\",\"message\":{\"id\":\"3807fa12f9ecb9357df511e099da6da0\",\"type\":\"message\",\"role\":\"assistant\",\"content\":[],\"model\":\"MiniMax-M3\",\"stop_reason\":null,\"stop_sequence\":null,\"usage\":{\"input_tokens\":0,\"output_tokens\":0,\"cache_creation_input_tokens\":0,\"cache_read_input_tokens\":417,\"service_tier\":\"standard\"},\"service_tier\":\"standard\"}}\n\nevent: ping\ndata: {\"type\":\"ping\"}\n\nevent: content_block_start\ndata: {\"type\":\"content_block_start\",\"index\":0,\"content_block\":{\"type\":\"tool_use\",\"id\":\"call_function_yr64rwmre4gr_1\",\"name\":\"get_weather\",\"input\":{}}}\n\nevent: content_block_delta\ndata: {\"type\":\"content_block_delta\",\"index\":0,\"delta\":{\"type\":\"input_json_delta\",\"partial_json\":\"{\\\"city\\\": \\\"Paris\"}}\n\nevent: content_block_delta\ndata: {\"type\":\"content_block_delta\",\"index\":0,\"delta\":{\"type\":\"input_json_delta\",\"partial_json\":\"\\\"}\"}}\n\nevent: content_block_stop\ndata: {\"type\":\"content_block_stop\",\"index\":0}\n\nevent: message_delta\ndata: {\"type\":\"message_delta\",\"delta\":{\"stop_reason\":\"tool_use\"},\"usage\":{\"input_tokens\":303,\"output_tokens\":27,\"cache_read_input_tokens\":114,\"service_tier\":\"standard\"}}\n\nevent: message_stop\ndata: {\"type\":\"message_stop\"}\n\n"
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "transport": "http",
+      "request": {
+        "method": "POST",
+        "url": "https://api.minimax.io/anthropic/v1/messages",
+        "headers": {
+          "anthropic-version": "2023-06-01",
+          "content-type": "application/json"
+        },
+        "body": "{\"model\":\"MiniMax-M3\",\"system\":[{\"type\":\"text\",\"text\":\"Use the get_weather tool exactly once. After the tool result, reply exactly: Paris is sunny.\"}],\"messages\":[{\"role\":\"user\",\"content\":[{\"type\":\"text\",\"text\":\"What is the weather in Paris?\"}]},{\"role\":\"assistant\",\"content\":[{\"type\":\"tool_use\",\"id\":\"call_function_yr64rwmre4gr_1\",\"name\":\"get_weather\",\"input\":{\"city\":\"Paris\"}}]},{\"role\":\"user\",\"content\":[{\"type\":\"tool_result\",\"tool_use_id\":\"call_function_yr64rwmre4gr_1\",\"content\":\"{\\\"temperature\\\":22,\\\"condition\\\":\\\"sunny\\\"}\"}]}],\"tools\":[{\"name\":\"get_weather\",\"description\":\"Get current weather for a city.\",\"input_schema\":{\"type\":\"object\",\"properties\":{\"city\":{\"type\":\"string\"}},\"required\":[\"city\"],\"additionalProperties\":false}}],\"stream\":true,\"max_tokens\":80,\"temperature\":0}"
+      },
+      "response": {
+        "status": 200,
+        "headers": {
+          "content-type": "text/event-stream; charset=utf-8"
+        },
+        "body": "event: message_start\ndata: {\"type\":\"message_start\",\"message\":{\"id\":\"92f8a1e86f29946eb2699d40a088fc08\",\"type\":\"message\",\"role\":\"assistant\",\"content\":[],\"model\":\"MiniMax-M3\",\"stop_reason\":null,\"stop_sequence\":null,\"usage\":{\"input_tokens\":41,\"output_tokens\":0,\"cache_creation_input_tokens\":0,\"cache_read_input_tokens\":430,\"service_tier\":\"standard\"},\"service_tier\":\"standard\"}}\n\nevent: ping\ndata: {\"type\":\"ping\"}\n\nevent: content_block_start\ndata: {\"type\":\"content_block_start\",\"index\":0,\"content_block\":{\"type\":\"text\",\"text\":\"\"}}\n\nevent: content_block_delta\ndata: {\"type\":\"content_block_delta\",\"index\":0,\"delta\":{\"type\":\"text_delta\",\"text\":\"Paris\"}}\n\nevent: content_block_delta\ndata: {\"type\":\"content_block_delta\",\"index\":0,\"delta\":{\"type\":\"text_delta\",\"text\":\" is sunny.\"}}\n\nevent: content_block_stop\ndata: {\"type\":\"content_block_stop\",\"index\":0}\n\nevent: message_delta\ndata: {\"type\":\"message_delta\",\"delta\":{\"stop_reason\":\"end_turn\"},\"usage\":{\"input_tokens\":41,\"output_tokens\":4,\"cache_read_input_tokens\":430,\"service_tier\":\"standard\"}}\n\nevent: message_stop\ndata: {\"type\":\"message_stop\"}\n\n"
+      }
+    }
+  ]
+}

packages/ai/test/fixtures/recordings/openrouter-reasoning.json

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+{
+  "version": 1,
+  "metadata": {
+    "model": "anthropic/claude-sonnet-4.6",
+    "tags": [
+      "prefix:openai-compatible-chat",
+      "provider:openrouter",
+      "protocol:openai-chat",
+      "reasoning"
+    ],
+    "name": "openrouter-reasoning",
+    "recordedAt": "2026-07-18T11:28:39.267Z"
+  },
+  "interactions": [
+    {
+      "transport": "http",
+      "request": {
+        "method": "POST",
+        "url": "https://openrouter.ai/api/v1/chat/completions",
+        "headers": {
+          "content-type": "application/json"
+        },
+        "body": "{\"model\":\"anthropic/claude-sonnet-4.6\",\"messages\":[{\"role\":\"system\",\"content\":\"Think through the arithmetic, then reply with only the final integer.\"},{\"role\":\"user\",\"content\":\"What is 173 multiplied by 219?\"}],\"stream\":true,\"stream_options\":{\"include_usage\":true},\"max_tokens\":1536,\"temperature\":0,\"reasoning\":{\"max_tokens\":1024}}"
+      },
+      "response": {
+        "status": 200,
+        "headers": {
+          "content-type": "text/event-stream"
+        },
+        "body": ": OPENROUTER PROCESSING\n\n: OPENROUTER PROCESSING\n\ndata: {\"id\":\"gen-1784374117-AXXPsQRoclZeQGx2uHeK\",\"object\":\"chat.completion.chunk\",\"created\":1784374117,\"model\":\"anthropic/claude-sonnet-4.6\",\"provider\":\"Anthropic\",\"choices\":[{\"index\":0,\"delta\":{\"content\":\"\",\"role\":\"assistant\",\"reasoning\":\"173\",\"reasoning_details\":[{\"type\":\"reasoning.text\",\"text\":\"173\",\"format\":\"anthropic-claude-v1\",\"index\":0}]},\"finish_reason\":null,\"native_finish_reason\":null}]}\n\n: OPENROUTER PROCESSING\n\ndata: {\"id\":\"gen-1784374117-AXXPsQRoclZeQGx2uHeK\",\"object\":\"chat.completion.chunk\",\"created\":1784374117,\"model\":\"anthropic/claude-sonnet-4.6\",\"provider\":\"Anthropic\",\"choices\":[{\"index\":0,\"delta\":{\"content\":\"\",\"role\":\"assistant\",\"reasoning\":\" × 219\\n\\n173 × 200 = 34,600\\n173 × 19 = 173 × 20 - 173 = 3,460 - 173 = 3,287\",\"reasoning_details\":[{\"type\":\"reasoning.text\",\"text\":\" × 219\\n\\n173 × 200 = 34,600\\n173 × 19 = 173 × 20 - 173 = 3,460 - 173 = 3,287\",\"format\":\"anthropic-claude-v1\",\"index\":0}]},\"finish_reason\":null,\"native_finish_reason\":null}]}\n\ndata: {\"id\":\"gen-1784374117-AXXPsQRoclZeQGx2uHeK\",\"object\":\"chat.completion.chunk\",\"created\":1784374117,\"model\":\"anthropic/claude-sonnet-4.6\",\"provider\":\"Anthropic\",\"choices\":[{\"index\":0,\"delta\":{\"content\":\"\",\"role\":\"assistant\",\"reasoning\":\"\\n\\n34,600 + 3,287 = 37,887\",\"reasoning_details\":[{\"type\":\"reasoning.text\",\"text\":\"\\n\\n34,600 + 3,287 = 37,887\",\"format\":\"anthropic-claude-v1\",\"index\":0}]},\"finish_reason\":null,\"native_finish_reason\":null}]}\n\ndata: {\"id\":\"gen-1784374117-AXXPsQRoclZeQGx2uHeK\",\"object\":\"chat.completion.chunk\",\"created\":1784374117,\"model\":\"anthropic/claude-sonnet-4.6\",\"provider\":\"Anthropic\",\"choices\":[{\"index\":0,\"delta\":{\"content\":\"\",\"role\":\"assistant\",\"reasoning_details\":[{\"type\":\"reasoning.text\",\"signature\":\"EtgCCosBCA8YAipA0W4viH3kgBs43Cl5ewwVBPXTQElvzfbA2TLF4iSbKy9ZZDCSDjjAlF3Bs4ELEnP3vrrTuTioC6OB380lXQdyIDIRY2xhdWRlLXNvbm5ldC00LTY4AEIIdGhpbmtpbmdaJDRjMGYwNDZmLTI1ZmQtNDVmYi1iZmIzLWEwOGE4ZTI0OWNhNxIMMiUlJC3x/5p5PuTwGgwlc8eipZyoM94BHwMiMO45uQx/ymeOjbugi7RDVPZ4jZXSIiEbVi2CD7zPjAK5fFQoVGP1HD55v9CER823JCp6Dg5Xb7Lrk6NUd1XN2KTKrttK7mATE+IBrDTFmor/1cNeg+9gjIbxM/jn/6L5HPmh3/esEVu24Q0IGLZVoE7cTgGgxsrceKMD71Jp2XQgIWD8ltsPfWw3gSc4p+z18UuPN6LuR0mHHENTnClHrAPnOrxbDIl4ZwZgMX8YAQ==\",\"format\":\"anthropic-claude-v1\",\"index\":0}]},\"finish_reason\":null,\"native_finish_reason\":null}]}\n\ndata: {\"id\":\"gen-1784374117-AXXPsQRoclZeQGx2uHeK\",\"object\":\"chat.completion.chunk\",\"created\":1784374117,\"model\":\"anthropic/claude-sonnet-4.6\",\"provider\":\"Anthropic\",\"choices\":[{\"index\":0,\"delta\":{\"content\":\"37887\",\"role\":\"assistant\"},\"finish_reason\":null,\"native_finish_reason\":null}]}\n\ndata: {\"id\":\"gen-1784374117-AXXPsQRoclZeQGx2uHeK\",\"object\":\"chat.completion.chunk\",\"created\":1784374117,\"model\":\"anthropic/claude-sonnet-4.6\",\"provider\":\"Anthropic\",\"choices\":[{\"index\":0,\"delta\":{\"content\":\"\",\"role\":\"assistant\",\"reasoning\":null},\"finish_reason\":\"stop\",\"native_finish_reason\":\"end_turn\"}]}\n\ndata: {\"id\":\"gen-1784374117-AXXPsQRoclZeQGx2uHeK\",\"object\":\"chat.completion.chunk\",\"created\":1784374117,\"model\":\"anthropic/claude-sonnet-4.6\",\"provider\":\"Anthropic\",\"service_tier\":\"default\",\"choices\":[{\"index\":0,\"delta\":{\"content\":\"\",\"role\":\"assistant\"},\"finish_reason\":\"stop\",\"native_finish_reason\":\"end_turn\"}],\"usage\":{\"prompt_tokens\":61,\"completion_tokens\":80,\"total_tokens\":141,\"cost\":0.001383,\"is_byok\":false,\"prompt_tokens_details\":{\"cached_tokens\":0,\"cache_write_tokens\":0,\"audio_tokens\":0,\"video_tokens\":0},\"cache_creation\":{\"ephemeral_5m_input_tokens\":0,\"ephemeral_1h_input_tokens\":0},\"cost_details\":{\"upstream_inference_cost\":0.001383,\"upstream_inference_prompt_cost\":0.000183,\"upstream_inference_completions_cost\":0.0012},\"completion_tokens_details\":{\"reasoning_tokens\":29,\"image_tokens\":0,\"audio_tokens\":0}}}\n\ndata: [DONE]\n\n"
+      }
+    }
+  ]
+}

packages/ai/test/provider/anthropic-messages.test.ts

@@ -484,6 +484,30 @@ describe("Anthropic Messages route", () => {
     }),
   )
 
+  it.effect("keeps malformed server tool input terminal", () =>
+    Effect.gen(function* () {
+      const body = sseEvents(
+        { type: "message_start", message: { usage: { input_tokens: 5 } } },
+        {
+          type: "content_block_start",
+          index: 0,
+          content_block: { type: "server_tool_use", id: "call_1", name: "web_search" },
+        },
+        {
+          type: "content_block_delta",
+          index: 0,
+          delta: { type: "input_json_delta", partial_json: '{"query":"partial' },
+        },
+        { type: "content_block_stop", index: 0 },
+      )
+
+      const error = yield* LLMClient.generate(request).pipe(Effect.provide(fixedResponse(body)), Effect.flip)
+
+      expect(error).toBeInstanceOf(LLMError)
+      expect(error.message).toContain("Invalid JSON input for anthropic-messages tool call web_search")
+    }),
+  )
+
   it.effect("fails with a typed provider error for stream error frames", () =>
     Effect.gen(function* () {
       const error = yield* LLMClient.generate(request).pipe(

packages/ai/test/provider/bedrock-converse.test.ts

@@ -303,6 +303,32 @@ describe("Bedrock Converse route", () => {
     }),
   )
 
+  it.effect("emits malformed tool input as an unexecuted tool error", () =>
+    Effect.gen(function* () {
+      const body = eventStreamBody(
+        ["messageStart", { role: "assistant" }],
+        [
+          "contentBlockStart",
+          {
+            contentBlockIndex: 0,
+            start: { toolUse: { toolUseId: "tool_1", name: "lookup" } },
+          },
+        ],
+        ["contentBlockDelta", { contentBlockIndex: 0, delta: { toolUse: { input: '{"query":"partial' } } }],
+        ["contentBlockStop", { contentBlockIndex: 0 }],
+        ["messageStop", { stopReason: "end_turn" }],
+      )
+      const response = yield* LLMClient.generate(baseRequest).pipe(Effect.provide(fixedBytes(body)))
+
+      expect(response.events.find((event) => event.type === "tool-input-error")).toMatchObject({
+        id: "tool_1",
+        name: "lookup",
+        raw: '{"query":"partial',
+      })
+      expect(response.finishReason).toBe("tool-calls")
+    }),
+  )
+
   it.effect("decodes reasoning deltas", () =>
     Effect.gen(function* () {
       const body = eventStreamBody(

packages/ai/test/provider/golden.recorded.test.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import * as Anthropic from "../../src/providers/anthropic"
+import * as AnthropicCompatible from "../../src/providers/anthropic-compatible"
 import { CloudflareAIGateway, CloudflareWorkersAI } from "../../src/providers/cloudflare"
 import * as Google from "../../src/providers/google"
 import * as OpenAI from "../../src/providers/openai"
@@ -17,6 +18,11 @@ const anthropic = Anthropic.configure({
 })
 const anthropicHaiku = anthropic.model("claude-haiku-4-5-20251001")
 const anthropicOpus = anthropic.model("claude-opus-4-7")
+const minimax = AnthropicCompatible.configure({
+  apiKey: process.env.MINIMAX_API_KEY ?? "fixture",
+  baseURL: "https://api.minimax.io/anthropic/v1",
+  provider: "minimax",
+}).model("MiniMax-M3")
 const google = Google.configure({ apiKey: process.env.GOOGLE_GENERATIVE_AI_API_KEY ?? "fixture" })
 const gemini = google.model("gemini-2.5-flash")
 const xai = XAI.configure({ apiKey: process.env.XAI_API_KEY ?? "fixture" })
@@ -108,6 +114,15 @@ describeRecordedGoldenScenarios([
       { id: "image-tool-result", temperature: false, maxTokens: 40 },
     ],
   },
+  {
+    name: "MiniMax M3 Anthropic-compatible",
+    prefix: "anthropic-compatible-messages",
+    protocol: "anthropic-messages",
+    model: minimax,
+    requires: ["MINIMAX_API_KEY"],
+    options: { redact: { allowRequestHeaders: ["anthropic-version"] } },
+    scenarios: ["text", "tool-call", "tool-loop"],
+  },
   {
     name: "Gemini 2.5 Flash",
     prefix: "gemini",

packages/ai/test/provider/openai-chat-reasoning.recorded.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+import { describe, expect } from "bun:test"
+import { Effect } from "effect"
+import { LLM, LLMEvent } from "../../src"
+import * as OpenAICompatible from "../../src/providers/openai-compatible"
+import * as OpenRouter from "../../src/providers/openrouter"
+import { LLMClient } from "../../src/route"
+import { recordedTests } from "../recorded-test"
+
+const cases = [
+  {
+    name: "OpenRouter",
+    model: OpenRouter.configure({
+      apiKey: process.env.OPENROUTER_API_KEY ?? "fixture",
+      providerOptions: { openrouter: { reasoning: { max_tokens: 1024 } } },
+    }).model("anthropic/claude-sonnet-4.6"),
+    requires: ["OPENROUTER_API_KEY"],
+    cassette: "openrouter-reasoning",
+  },
+  {
+    name: "Vercel AI Gateway",
+    model: OpenAICompatible.configure({
+      provider: "vercel-ai-gateway",
+      baseURL: "https://ai-gateway.vercel.sh/v1",
+      apiKey: process.env.AI_GATEWAY_API_KEY ?? "fixture",
+      http: { body: { reasoning: { enabled: true, max_tokens: 1024 } } },
+    }).model("anthropic/claude-sonnet-4.6"),
+    requires: ["AI_GATEWAY_API_KEY"],
+    cassette: "vercel-ai-gateway-reasoning",
+  },
+] as const
+
+for (const item of cases) {
+  const recorded = recordedTests({
+    prefix: "openai-compatible-chat",
+    provider: item.model.provider,
+    protocol: "openai-chat",
+    requires: item.requires,
+    tags: ["reasoning"],
+    metadata: { model: item.model.id },
+  })
+
+  describe(`${item.name} reasoning recorded`, () => {
+    recorded.effect.with(
+      "streams scalar reasoning",
+      { cassette: item.cassette },
+      () =>
+        Effect.gen(function* () {
+          const response = yield* LLMClient.generate(
+            LLM.request({
+              model: item.model,
+              system: "Think through the arithmetic, then reply with only the final integer.",
+              prompt: "What is 173 multiplied by 219?",
+              generation: { maxTokens: 1536, temperature: 0 },
+            }),
+          )
+
+          expect(response.text.replaceAll(",", "").trim()).toBe("37887")
+          expect(response.reasoning.length).toBeGreaterThan(0)
+          expect(response.events.some(LLMEvent.is.reasoningDelta)).toBe(true)
+          expect(response.message.content.find((part) => part.type === "reasoning")?.providerMetadata).toEqual({
+            openai: { reasoningField: "reasoning" },
+          })
+        }),
+      30_000,
+    )
+  })
+}

packages/ai/test/provider/openai-chat.test.ts

@@ -540,29 +540,33 @@ describe("OpenAI Chat route", () => {
     }),
   )
 
-  it.effect("parses OpenAI-compatible reasoning content deltas", () =>
+  it.effect("parses and replays OpenAI-compatible reasoning fields", () =>
     Effect.gen(function* () {
-      const body = sseEvents(
-        { choices: [{ delta: { reasoning_content: "thinking" } }] },
-        { choices: [{ delta: { content: "Hello" } }] },
-        { choices: [{ delta: {}, finish_reason: "stop" }] },
-      )
+      const fields = ["reasoning_content", "reasoning", "reasoning_text"] as const
+      for (const field of fields) {
+        const response = yield* LLMClient.generate(request).pipe(
+          Effect.provide(
+            fixedResponse(
+              sseEvents(
+                { choices: [{ delta: { [field]: "thinking" } }] },
+                { choices: [{ delta: { content: "Hello" } }] },
+                { choices: [{ delta: {}, finish_reason: "stop" }] },
+              ),
+            ),
+          ),
+        )
 
-      const response = yield* LLMClient.generate(request).pipe(Effect.provide(fixedResponse(body)))
+        expect(response.reasoning).toBe("thinking")
+        expect(response.text).toBe("Hello")
+        expect(response.message.content.find((part) => part.type === "reasoning")?.providerMetadata).toEqual({
+          openai: { reasoningField: field },
+        })
 
-      expect(response.reasoning).toBe("thinking")
-      expect(response.text).toBe("Hello")
-      expect(response.events).toMatchObject([
-        { type: "step-start", index: 0 },
-        { type: "reasoning-start", id: "reasoning-0" },
-        { type: "reasoning-delta", id: "reasoning-0", text: "thinking" },
-        { type: "reasoning-end", id: "reasoning-0" },
-        { type: "text-start", id: "text-0" },
-        { type: "text-delta", id: "text-0", text: "Hello" },
-        { type: "text-end", id: "text-0" },
-        { type: "step-finish", index: 0, reason: "stop" },
-        { type: "finish", reason: "stop" },
-      ])
+        const replay = yield* LLMClient.prepare<OpenAIChat.OpenAIChatBody>(
+          LLM.request({ model, messages: [response.message] }),
+        )
+        expect(replay.body.messages).toEqual([{ role: "assistant", content: "Hello", [field]: "thinking" }])
+      }
     }),
   )
 

packages/ai/test/provider/openai-responses.test.ts

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { describe, expect } from "bun:test"
 import { ConfigProvider, Effect, Layer, Stream } from "effect"
 import { Headers, HttpClientRequest } from "effect/unstable/http"
-import { LLM, LLMError, Message, Model, ToolCallPart, Usage } from "../../src"
+import { LLM, LLMError, LLMEvent, Message, Model, ToolCallPart, Usage } from "../../src"
 import { Auth, LLMClient, RequestExecutor, WebSocketExecutor } from "../../src/route"
 import * as Azure from "../../src/providers/azure"
 import * as OpenAI from "../../src/providers/openai"
@@ -1259,6 +1259,69 @@ describe("OpenAI Responses route", () => {
     }),
   )
 
+  it.effect("emits malformed final function arguments as an unexecuted tool error", () =>
+    Effect.gen(function* () {
+      const body = sseEvents(
+        {
+          type: "response.output_item.added",
+          item: { type: "function_call", id: "item_1", call_id: "call_1", name: "lookup", arguments: "" },
+        },
+        { type: "response.function_call_arguments.delta", item_id: "item_1", delta: '{"query":"streamed"}' },
+        {
+          type: "response.output_item.done",
+          item: {
+            type: "function_call",
+            id: "item_1",
+            call_id: "call_1",
+            name: "lookup",
+            arguments: '{"query":"partial',
+          },
+        },
+        { type: "response.completed", response: { usage: { input_tokens: 5, output_tokens: 1 } } },
+      )
+      const response = yield* LLMClient.generate(
+        LLM.updateRequest(request, {
+          tools: [{ name: "lookup", description: "Lookup data", inputSchema: { type: "object" } }],
+        }),
+      ).pipe(Effect.provide(fixedResponse(body)))
+
+      expect(response.events.find(LLMEvent.is.toolInputError)).toEqual({
+        type: "tool-input-error",
+        id: "call_1",
+        name: "lookup",
+        raw: '{"query":"partial',
+      })
+      expect(response.finishReason).toBe("tool-calls")
+      expect(response.events.some(LLMEvent.is.toolCall)).toBeFalse()
+    }),
+  )
+
+  it.effect("settles malformed function arguments when output_item.added is absent", () =>
+    Effect.gen(function* () {
+      const body = sseEvents(
+        {
+          type: "response.output_item.done",
+          item: {
+            type: "function_call",
+            id: "item_1",
+            call_id: "call_1",
+            name: "lookup",
+            arguments: '{"query":"partial',
+          },
+        },
+        { type: "response.completed", response: { usage: { input_tokens: 5, output_tokens: 1 } } },
+      )
+      const response = yield* LLMClient.generate(request).pipe(Effect.provide(fixedResponse(body)))
+
+      expect(response.events.find(LLMEvent.is.toolInputError)).toMatchObject({
+        id: "call_1",
+        name: "lookup",
+        raw: '{"query":"partial',
+      })
+      expect(response.finishReason).toBe("tool-calls")
+    }),
+  )
+
   it.effect("decodes web_search_call as provider-executed tool-call + tool-result", () =>
     Effect.gen(function* () {
       const item = {

packages/ai/test/response.test.ts

@@ -95,4 +95,19 @@ describe("LLMResponse reducer", () => {
       { type: "tool-call", id: "call_1", name: "lookup", input: { query: "weather" } },
     ])
   })
+
+  test("clears malformed tool input without appending an executable call", () => {
+    const state = reduce([
+      LLMEvent.toolInputStart({ id: "call_1", name: "lookup" }),
+      LLMEvent.toolInputDelta({ id: "call_1", name: "lookup", text: '{"query":"partial' }),
+      LLMEvent.toolInputError({
+        id: "call_1",
+        name: "lookup",
+        raw: '{"query":"partial',
+      }),
+    ])
+
+    expect(state.toolInputs).toEqual({})
+    expect(state.message.content).toEqual([])
+  })
 })

packages/ai/test/tool-stream.test.ts

@@ -64,6 +64,73 @@ describe("ToolStream", () => {
     }),
   )
 
+  it.effect("finalizes malformed local input as a non-executable tool error", () =>
+    Effect.gen(function* () {
+      const tools = ToolStream.start(ToolStream.empty<string>(), "item_1", {
+        id: "call_1",
+        name: "lookup",
+        input: '{"query":"partial',
+      })
+      const finished = yield* ToolStream.finish(ADAPTER, tools, "item_1")
+
+      expect(finished).toEqual({
+        tools: {},
+        events: [
+          {
+            type: "tool-input-error",
+            id: "call_1",
+            name: "lookup",
+            raw: '{"query":"partial',
+          },
+        ],
+      })
+    }),
+  )
+
+  it.effect("preserves valid siblings when one parallel input is malformed", () =>
+    Effect.gen(function* () {
+      const valid = ToolStream.start(ToolStream.empty<number>(), 0, {
+        id: "call_valid",
+        name: "lookup",
+        input: '{"query":"weather"}',
+      })
+      const tools = ToolStream.start(valid, 1, {
+        id: "call_invalid",
+        name: "lookup",
+        input: '{"query":"partial',
+      })
+      const finished = yield* ToolStream.finishAll(ADAPTER, tools)
+
+      expect(finished).toEqual({
+        tools: {},
+        events: [
+          { type: "tool-input-end", id: "call_valid", name: "lookup" },
+          { type: "tool-call", id: "call_valid", name: "lookup", input: { query: "weather" } },
+          {
+            type: "tool-input-error",
+            id: "call_invalid",
+            name: "lookup",
+            raw: '{"query":"partial',
+          },
+        ],
+      })
+    }),
+  )
+
+  it.effect("keeps malformed provider-executed input terminal", () =>
+    Effect.gen(function* () {
+      const tools = ToolStream.start(ToolStream.empty<string>(), "item_1", {
+        id: "call_1",
+        name: "web_search",
+        input: '{"query":"partial',
+        providerExecuted: true,
+      })
+      const result = yield* Effect.exit(ToolStream.finish(ADAPTER, tools, "item_1"))
+
+      expect(result._tag).toBe("Failure")
+    }),
+  )
+
   it.effect("preserves providerExecuted and clears all tools", () =>
     Effect.gen(function* () {
       const first: ToolStream.State<number> = ToolStream.start(ToolStream.empty<number>(), 0, {

packages/cli/package.json

@@ -12,16 +12,7 @@
   ],
   "exports": {
     "./daemon": "./src/daemon.ts",
-    "./mini": "./src/mini/index.ts",
-    "./mini/footer.command": "./src/mini/footer.command.tsx",
-    "./mini/footer.menu": "./src/mini/footer.menu.tsx",
-    "./mini/footer.permission": "./src/mini/footer.permission.tsx",
-    "./mini/footer.prompt": "./src/mini/footer.prompt.tsx",
-    "./mini/footer.question": "./src/mini/footer.question.tsx",
-    "./mini/footer.subagent": "./src/mini/footer.subagent.tsx",
-    "./mini/footer.view": "./src/mini/footer.view.tsx",
-    "./mini/scrollback.writer": "./src/mini/scrollback.writer.tsx",
-    "./mini/*": "./src/mini/*.ts",
+    "./run": "./src/run/index.ts",
     "./server-process": "./src/server-process.ts"
   },
   "scripts": {
@@ -40,18 +31,14 @@
     "@opencode-ai/server": "workspace:*",
     "@opencode-ai/tui": "workspace:*",
     "@opentui/core": "catalog:",
-    "@opentui/keymap": "catalog:",
     "@opentui/solid": "catalog:",
     "@parcel/watcher": "2.5.1",
     "effect": "catalog:",
-    "fuzzysort": "catalog:",
     "immer": "11.1.4",
     "jsonc-parser": "3.3.1",
     "open": "10.1.2",
-    "opentui-spinner": "catalog:",
     "semver": "catalog:",
     "solid-js": "catalog:",
-    "strip-ansi": "7.1.2",
     "uqr": "0.1.3",
     "ws": "8.21.0"
   },

packages/cli/script/postinstall.mjs

@@ -0,0 +1,161 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env node
+
+import childProcess from "node:child_process"
+import fs from "node:fs"
+import os from "node:os"
+import path from "node:path"
+import { createRequire } from "node:module"
+import { fileURLToPath } from "node:url"
+
+const directory = path.dirname(fileURLToPath(import.meta.url))
+const require = createRequire(import.meta.url)
+const packageJson = JSON.parse(fs.readFileSync(path.join(directory, "package.json"), "utf8"))
+const command = Object.keys(packageJson.bin ?? {})[0]
+if (!command) throw new Error("OpenCode package does not declare a binary")
+
+const platform = { darwin: "darwin", linux: "linux", win32: "windows" }[os.platform()] ?? os.platform()
+const arch = { x64: "x64", arm64: "arm64", arm: "arm" }[os.arch()] ?? os.arch()
+const sourceBinary = platform === "windows" ? `${command}.exe` : command
+const targetBinary = path.resolve(directory, packageJson.bin[command])
+const dependencies = packageJson.optionalDependencies ?? {}
+const base = Object.keys(dependencies).find((name) => name.endsWith(`-${platform}-${arch}`))
+if (!base) throw new Error(`OpenCode does not provide a binary for ${platform}-${arch}`)
+
+function supportsAvx2() {
+  if (arch !== "x64") return false
+  if (platform === "linux") {
+    try {
+      return /(^|\s)avx2(\s|$)/i.test(fs.readFileSync("/proc/cpuinfo", "utf8"))
+    } catch {
+      return false
+    }
+  }
+  if (platform === "darwin") {
+    try {
+      const result = childProcess.spawnSync("sysctl", ["-n", "hw.optional.avx2_0"], {
+        encoding: "utf8",
+        timeout: 1500,
+      })
+      return result.status === 0 && (result.stdout || "").trim() === "1"
+    } catch {
+      return false
+    }
+  }
+  if (platform === "windows") {
+    const script =
+      '(Add-Type -MemberDefinition "[DllImport(""kernel32.dll"")] public static extern bool IsProcessorFeaturePresent(int ProcessorFeature);" -Name Kernel32 -Namespace Win32 -PassThru)::IsProcessorFeaturePresent(40)'
+    for (const executable of ["powershell.exe", "pwsh.exe", "pwsh", "powershell"]) {
+      try {
+        const result = childProcess.spawnSync(executable, ["-NoProfile", "-NonInteractive", "-Command", script], {
+          encoding: "utf8",
+          timeout: 3000,
+          windowsHide: true,
+        })
+        if (result.status !== 0) continue
+        const output = (result.stdout || "").trim().toLowerCase()
+        if (output === "true" || output === "1") return true
+        if (output === "false" || output === "0") return false
+      } catch {
+        continue
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  return false
+}
+
+function isMusl() {
+  if (platform !== "linux") return false
+  try {
+    if (fs.existsSync("/etc/alpine-release")) return true
+    const result = childProcess.spawnSync("ldd", ["--version"], { encoding: "utf8" })
+    return `${result.stdout || ""}${result.stderr || ""}`.toLowerCase().includes("musl")
+  } catch {
+    return false
+  }
+}
+
+function packageNames() {
+  const baseline = arch === "x64" && !supportsAvx2()
+  const names =
+    platform === "linux"
+      ? isMusl()
+        ? arch === "x64"
+          ? baseline
+            ? [`${base}-baseline-musl`, `${base}-musl`, `${base}-baseline`, base]
+            : [`${base}-musl`, `${base}-baseline-musl`, base, `${base}-baseline`]
+          : [`${base}-musl`, base]
+        : arch === "x64"
+          ? baseline
+            ? [`${base}-baseline`, base, `${base}-baseline-musl`, `${base}-musl`]
+            : [base, `${base}-baseline`, `${base}-musl`, `${base}-baseline-musl`]
+          : [base, `${base}-musl`]
+      : arch === "x64"
+        ? baseline
+          ? [`${base}-baseline`, base]
+          : [base, `${base}-baseline`]
+        : [base]
+  return names.filter((name) => dependencies[name])
+}
+
+function copyBinary(source) {
+  if (!fs.existsSync(source)) throw new Error(`Binary not found at ${source}`)
+  fs.mkdirSync(path.dirname(targetBinary), { recursive: true })
+  if (fs.existsSync(targetBinary)) fs.unlinkSync(targetBinary)
+  try {
+    fs.linkSync(source, targetBinary)
+  } catch {
+    fs.copyFileSync(source, targetBinary)
+  }
+  fs.chmodSync(targetBinary, 0o755)
+}
+
+function resolveBinary(name) {
+  const packagePath = require.resolve(`${name}/package.json`)
+  return path.join(path.dirname(packagePath), "bin", sourceBinary)
+}
+
+function installPackage(name) {
+  const temp = fs.mkdtempSync(path.join(os.tmpdir(), "opencode-install-"))
+  try {
+    const result = childProcess.spawnSync(
+      "npm",
+      ["install", "--ignore-scripts", "--no-save", "--loglevel=error", "--prefix", temp, `${name}@${dependencies[name]}`],
+      { stdio: "inherit", windowsHide: true },
+    )
+    if (result.status !== 0) return false
+    copyBinary(path.join(temp, "node_modules", name, "bin", sourceBinary))
+    return true
+  } finally {
+    fs.rmSync(temp, { recursive: true, force: true })
+  }
+}
+
+function verifyBinary() {
+  return (
+    childProcess.spawnSync(targetBinary, ["--version"], {
+      stdio: "ignore",
+      windowsHide: true,
+    }).status === 0
+  )
+}
+
+function main() {
+  const names = packageNames()
+  for (const name of names) {
+    try {
+      copyBinary(resolveBinary(name))
+      if (verifyBinary()) return
+    } catch {
+      if (installPackage(name) && verifyBinary()) return
+    }
+  }
+
+  throw new Error(`Failed to install OpenCode. Try manually installing ${names.map((name) => JSON.stringify(name)).join(" or ")}.`)
+}
+
+try {
+  main()
+} catch (error) {
+  console.error(error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error))
+  process.exit(1)
+}

packages/cli/script/publish.ts

@@ -32,12 +32,23 @@ async function publishDistribution(input: { root: string; name: string; binary:
   if (!version) throw new Error(`No binary packages found for ${input.name}`)
 
   await $`mkdir -p ${input.root}/${input.name}/bin`
-  await $`cp ./bin/opencode2.cjs ${input.root}/${input.name}/bin/${input.binary}`
+  await $`cp ./script/postinstall.mjs ${input.root}/${input.name}/postinstall.mjs`
+  await Bun.file(`${input.root}/${input.name}/bin/${input.binary}.exe`).write(
+    [
+      `echo "Error: ${input.name}'s postinstall script was not run." >&2`,
+      'echo "" >&2',
+      'echo "This occurs when installation scripts are disabled." >&2',
+      'echo "Run the package postinstall script or reinstall with scripts enabled." >&2',
+      "exit 1",
+      "",
+    ].join("\n"),
+  )
   await Bun.file(`${input.root}/${input.name}/package.json`).write(
     JSON.stringify(
       {
         name: input.name,
-        bin: { [input.binary]: `./bin/${input.binary}` },
+        bin: { [input.binary]: `./bin/${input.binary}.exe` },
+        scripts: { postinstall: "node ./postinstall.mjs" },
         version,
         license: pkg.license,
         repository: { type: "git", url: "git+https://github.com/anomalyco/opencode.git" },

packages/cli/src/commands/commands.ts

@@ -114,6 +114,10 @@ export const Commands = Spec.make(typeof OPENCODE_CLI_NAME === "string" ? OPENCO
         }),
       ],
     }),
+    Spec.make("plugin", {
+      description: "Manage plugins",
+      commands: [Spec.make("list", { description: "List active plugins" })],
+    }),
     Spec.make("migrate", { description: "Migrate v1 data to v2" }),
     Spec.make("mini", {
       description: "Start the minimal interactive interface",

packages/cli/src/commands/handlers/default.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import { AppNodeBuilder } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/app-node-builder"
+import { LayerNode } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/layer-node"
 import { Global } from "@opencode-ai/core/global"
 import { run } from "@opencode-ai/tui"
 import { Commands } from "../commands"
@@ -75,6 +75,6 @@ export default Runtime.handler(Commands, (input) =>
                 : Effect.logInfo(message, tags)
         runFork(effect)
       },
-    }).pipe(Effect.provide(AppNodeBuilder.build(Global.node)))
+    }).pipe(Effect.provide(LayerNode.compile(Global.node)))
   }),
 )

packages/cli/src/commands/handlers/plugin/list.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+import { EOL } from "node:os"
+import { Effect } from "effect"
+import { OpenCode } from "@opencode-ai/client"
+import { Service } from "@opencode-ai/client/effect/service"
+import { Commands } from "../../commands"
+import { Runtime } from "../../../framework/runtime"
+import { ServiceConfig } from "../../../services/service-config"
+
+export default Runtime.handler(
+  Commands.commands.plugin.commands.list,
+  Effect.fn("cli.plugin.list")(function* () {
+    const options = yield* ServiceConfig.options()
+    const found = yield* Service.discover(options)
+    const endpoint = found ?? (yield* Service.ensure(options))
+    const client = OpenCode.make({ baseUrl: endpoint.url, headers: Service.headers(endpoint) })
+    const response = yield* Effect.promise(() => client.plugin.list({ location: { directory: process.cwd() } }))
+    const plugins = response.data.toSorted((a, b) => a.id.localeCompare(b.id))
+    if (plugins.length === 0) {
+      process.stdout.write("No plugins loaded" + EOL)
+      return
+    }
+    process.stdout.write(plugins.map((plugin) => plugin.id).join(EOL) + EOL)
+  }),
+)

packages/cli/src/commands/handlers/run.ts

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ import { ServerConnection } from "../../services/server-connection"
 
 export default Runtime.handler(Commands.commands.run, (input) =>
   Effect.gen(function* () {
-    const { runNonInteractive } = yield* Effect.promise(() => import("../../mini"))
+    const { runNonInteractive } = yield* Effect.promise(() => import("../../run/run"))
     const separator = process.argv.indexOf("--", 2)
     const server = yield* ServerConnection.resolve({
       server: Option.getOrUndefined(input.server),

packages/cli/src/index.ts

@@ -7,7 +7,6 @@ import { Runtime } from "./framework/runtime"
 import { Observability } from "@opencode-ai/core/observability"
 import { Updater } from "./services/updater"
 import { InstallationChannel, InstallationVersion, InstallationLocal } from "@opencode-ai/core/installation/version"
-import { AppNodeBuilder } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/app-node-builder"
 import { LayerNode } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/layer-node"
 import { Global } from "@opencode-ai/core/global"
 import { AppProcess } from "@opencode-ai/core/process"
@@ -32,6 +31,9 @@ const Handlers = Runtime.handlers(Commands, {
     auth: () => import("./commands/handlers/mcp/auth"),
     logout: () => import("./commands/handlers/mcp/logout"),
   },
+  plugin: {
+    list: () => import("./commands/handlers/plugin/list"),
+  },
   migrate: () => import("./commands/handlers/migrate"),
   mini: () => import("./commands/handlers/mini"),
   run: () => import("./commands/handlers/run"),
@@ -58,7 +60,7 @@ Effect.logInfo("cli starting", {
   Effect.annotateLogs({ role: "cli" }),
   Effect.provide(Config.layer),
   Effect.provide(Updater.layer),
-  Effect.provide(AppNodeBuilder.build(LayerNode.group([Global.node, AppProcess.node, Npm.node]))),
+  Effect.provide(LayerNode.compile(LayerNode.group([Global.node, AppProcess.node, Npm.node]))),
   Effect.provide(Observability.layer),
   Effect.provide(NodeServices.layer),
   Effect.scoped,

packages/cli/src/mini-host.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,209 @@
+import type { MiniFrontendInput } from "@opencode-ai/tui/mini"
+import { Flag } from "@opencode-ai/core/flag/flag"
+import { Global } from "@opencode-ai/core/global"
+import fs from "node:fs"
+import { mkdir, readFile, writeFile } from "node:fs/promises"
+import path from "node:path"
+import { ReadStream } from "node:tty"
+
+export const INTERACTIVE_INPUT_ERROR = "opencode mini requires a controlling terminal for input"
+
+export type InteractiveStdin = {
+  stdin: NodeJS.ReadStream
+  cleanup(): void
+}
+
+type MiniHost = MiniFrontendInput["host"]
+type ModelState = Record<string, unknown> & {
+  variant?: Record<string, string | undefined>
+}
+
+function isRecord(value: unknown): value is Record<string, unknown> {
+  return !!value && typeof value === "object" && !Array.isArray(value)
+}
+
+function state(value: unknown): ModelState {
+  if (!isRecord(value)) return {}
+  const variant = isRecord(value.variant)
+    ? Object.fromEntries(
+        Object.entries(value.variant).flatMap(([key, item]) =>
+          typeof item === "string" ? ([[key, item]] as const) : [],
+        ),
+      )
+    : undefined
+  return { ...value, variant }
+}
+
+function variantKey(model: NonNullable<MiniFrontendInput["model"]>) {
+  return `${model.providerID}/${model.modelID}`
+}
+
+function preferences(statePath: string): MiniHost["preferences"] {
+  const file = path.join(statePath, "model.json")
+  const read = () =>
+    readFile(file, "utf8")
+      .then((value) => state(JSON.parse(value)))
+      .catch(() => state(undefined))
+  return {
+    async resolveVariant(model) {
+      if (!model) return
+      return (await read()).variant?.[variantKey(model)]
+    },
+    async saveVariant(model, variant) {
+      if (!model) return
+      const current = await read()
+      const next = { ...current.variant }
+      if (variant) next[variantKey(model)] = variant
+      if (!variant) delete next[variantKey(model)]
+      await mkdir(path.dirname(file), { recursive: true })
+        .then(() => writeFile(file, JSON.stringify({ ...current, variant: next }, null, 2)))
+        .catch(() => {})
+    },
+  }
+}
+
+function signal(name: "SIGINT" | "SIGUSR2"): MiniHost["signals"]["sigint"] {
+  return {
+    subscribe(listener) {
+      let subscribed = true
+      process.on(name, listener)
+      return () => {
+        if (!subscribed) return
+        subscribed = false
+        process.off(name, listener)
+      }
+    },
+  }
+}
+
+function createTrace(
+  logPath: string,
+  diagnostics: Pick<MiniHost["diagnostics"], "pid" | "cwd" | "argv">,
+): MiniHost["diagnostics"]["trace"] {
+  if (!process.env.OPENCODE_DIRECT_TRACE) return
+  const stamp = new Date()
+    .toISOString()
+    .replace(/[-:]/g, "")
+    .replace(/\.\d+Z$/, "Z")
+  const target = path.join(logPath, "direct", `${stamp}-${diagnostics.pid}.jsonl`)
+  const text = (data: unknown) =>
+    JSON.stringify(data, (_key, value) => (typeof value === "bigint" ? String(value) : value), 0)
+  fs.mkdirSync(path.dirname(target), { recursive: true })
+  fs.writeFileSync(
+    path.join(logPath, "direct", "latest.json"),
+    text({
+      time: new Date().toISOString(),
+      ...diagnostics,
+      path: target,
+    }) + "\n",
+  )
+  const trace = {
+    write(type: string, data?: unknown) {
+      fs.appendFileSync(
+        target,
+        text({
+          time: new Date().toISOString(),
+          pid: diagnostics.pid,
+          type,
+          data,
+        }) + "\n",
+      )
+    },
+  }
+  trace.write("trace.start", {
+    argv: diagnostics.argv,
+    cwd: diagnostics.cwd,
+    path: target,
+  })
+  return trace
+}
+
+function openTerminalStdin(target: string): NodeJS.ReadStream {
+  return new ReadStream(fs.openSync(target, "r"))
+}
+
+export function resolveInteractiveStdin(
+  stdin: NodeJS.ReadStream = process.stdin,
+  open: (target: string) => NodeJS.ReadStream = openTerminalStdin,
+  platform: NodeJS.Platform = process.platform,
+): InteractiveStdin {
+  if (stdin.isTTY) return { stdin, cleanup() {} }
+  const target = platform === "win32" ? "CONIN$" : "/dev/tty"
+  try {
+    const source = open(target)
+    let cleaned = false
+    return {
+      stdin: source,
+      cleanup() {
+        if (cleaned) return
+        cleaned = true
+        source.destroy()
+      },
+    }
+  } catch (error) {
+    throw new Error(INTERACTIVE_INPUT_ERROR, { cause: error })
+  }
+}
+
+/** @internal Exported for owner-local resource cleanup tests. */
+export async function usingInteractiveStdin<T>(
+  run: (terminal: InteractiveStdin) => Promise<T>,
+  resolve: () => InteractiveStdin = resolveInteractiveStdin,
+) {
+  const terminal = resolve()
+  try {
+    return await run(terminal)
+  } finally {
+    terminal.cleanup()
+  }
+}
+
+/** @internal Exported for owner-local host capability tests. */
+export function createMiniHost(input: {
+  terminal: InteractiveStdin
+  directory: string
+  paths?: MiniHost["paths"]
+}): MiniHost {
+  const paths = input.paths ?? {
+    home: Global.Path.home,
+    state: Global.Path.state,
+    log: Global.Path.log,
+  }
+  const diagnostics = {
+    pid: process.pid,
+    cwd: input.directory,
+    argv: process.argv.slice(2),
+  }
+  return {
+    terminal: input.terminal,
+    platform: process.platform,
+    stdout: {
+      write(value) {
+        process.stdout.write(value)
+      },
+    },
+    files: {
+      readText: (url) => readFile(new URL(url), "utf8"),
+    },
+    editor: {
+      async open(options) {
+        const { openEditor } = await import("@opencode-ai/tui/editor")
+        return openEditor(options)
+      },
+    },
+    paths,
+    signals: {
+      sigint: signal("SIGINT"),
+      sigusr2: signal("SIGUSR2"),
+    },
+    startup: {
+      showTiming: Flag.OPENCODE_SHOW_TTFD,
+      now: () => performance.now(),
+    },
+    diagnostics: {
+      ...diagnostics,
+      trace: createTrace(paths.log, diagnostics),
+    },
+    preferences: preferences(paths.state),
+  }
+}

packages/cli/src/mini.ts

@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
 import { Service } from "@opencode-ai/client/effect/service"
 import { OpenCode, type OpenCodeClient } from "@opencode-ai/client/promise"
-import { ServerConnection } from "../services/server-connection"
-import { waitForCatalogReady } from "./catalog.shared"
-import { INTERACTIVE_INPUT_ERROR, resolveInteractiveStdin } from "./runtime.stdin"
-import type { RunInput, RunTuiConfig } from "./types"
-import { readStdin } from "../util/io"
+import type { MiniFrontendInput } from "@opencode-ai/tui/mini"
 import { setTimeout } from "node:timers/promises"
+import { ServerConnection } from "./services/server-connection"
+import { waitForCatalogReady } from "./services/catalog"
+import { readStdin } from "./util/io"
+import { createMiniHost, INTERACTIVE_INPUT_ERROR, usingInteractiveStdin } from "./mini-host"
 
 export type MiniCommandInput = {
   server: ServerConnection.Resolved
@@ -18,59 +18,67 @@ export type MiniCommandInput = {
   replay?: boolean
   replayLimit?: number
   demo?: boolean
-  tuiConfig?: RunTuiConfig | Promise<RunTuiConfig>
+  tuiConfig?: MiniFrontendInput["tuiConfig"]
 }
 
 type Session = Awaited<ReturnType<OpenCodeClient["session"]["get"]>>
-export async function runMini(input: MiniCommandInput) {
-  validate(input)
-  const initialInput = mergeInput(process.stdin.isTTY ? undefined : await readStdin(), input.prompt)
-  const runtimeTask = import("./runtime")
-  const directory = localDirectory()
+type Model = MiniFrontendInput["model"]
 
+class MiniInputError extends Error {}
+
+export async function runMini(input: MiniCommandInput) {
   try {
-    const sdk = OpenCode.make({
-      baseUrl: input.server.endpoint.url,
-      headers: Service.headers(input.server.endpoint),
-    })
-    const model = parseModel(input.model)
-    let agentTask: Promise<string | undefined> | undefined
-    const resolveAgent = () => {
-      agentTask ??= validateAgent(sdk, directory, input.agent)
-      return agentTask
-    }
-    const resolveSession = async () => {
-      const [agent, selected] = await Promise.all([resolveAgent(), selectSession(sdk, directory, input)])
-      const readyModel =
-        model ?? (selected?.model ? { providerID: selected.model.providerID, modelID: selected.model.id } : undefined)
-      if (readyModel) await waitForCatalogReady({ sdk, directory, model: readyModel })
-      const session = selected ?? (await createSession(sdk, directory, agent, model))
-      return { id: session.id, title: session.title, resume: selected !== undefined }
-    }
-    const create = (
-      _sdk: OpenCodeClient,
-      next: { agent: string | undefined; model: RunInput["model"]; variant: string | undefined },
-    ) => createSession(sdk, directory, next.agent, next.model, next.variant)
-    const runtime = await runtimeTask
-    await runtime.runInteractiveDeferredMode({
-      sdk,
-      directory,
-      resolveAgent,
-      session: resolveSession,
-      createSession: create,
-      agent: input.agent,
-      model,
-      variant: undefined,
-      files: [],
-      initialInput,
-      thinking: true,
-      replay: input.replay ?? true,
-      replayLimit: input.replayLimit,
-      demo: input.demo,
-      tuiConfig: input.tuiConfig,
+    validate(input)
+    const result = await usingInteractiveStdin(async (terminal) => {
+      const initialInput = mergeInput(process.stdin.isTTY ? undefined : await readStdin(), input.prompt)
+      const frontendTask = import("@opencode-ai/tui/mini")
+      const directory = localDirectory()
+      const sdk = OpenCode.make({
+        baseUrl: input.server.endpoint.url,
+        headers: Service.headers(input.server.endpoint),
+      })
+      const model = parseModel(input.model)
+      let agentTask: Promise<string | undefined> | undefined
+      const resolveAgent = () => {
+        agentTask ??= validateAgent(sdk, directory, input.agent)
+        return agentTask
+      }
+      const resolveSession = async () => {
+        const [agent, selected] = await Promise.all([resolveAgent(), selectSession(sdk, directory, input)])
+        const readyModel =
+          model ?? (selected?.model ? { providerID: selected.model.providerID, modelID: selected.model.id } : undefined)
+        if (readyModel) await waitForCatalogReady({ sdk, directory, model: readyModel })
+        const session = selected ?? (await createSession(sdk, directory, agent, model))
+        return { id: session.id, title: session.title, resume: selected !== undefined }
+      }
+      const create = (
+        _sdk: OpenCodeClient,
+        next: { agent: string | undefined; model: Model; variant: string | undefined },
+      ) => createSession(sdk, directory, next.agent, next.model, next.variant)
+      const frontend = await frontendTask
+      return frontend.runMiniFrontend({
+        host: createMiniHost({ terminal, directory }),
+        sdk,
+        directory,
+        resolveAgent,
+        session: resolveSession,
+        createSession: create,
+        agent: input.agent,
+        model,
+        variant: undefined,
+        files: [],
+        initialInput,
+        thinking: true,
+        replay: input.replay ?? true,
+        replayLimit: input.replayLimit,
+        demo: input.demo,
+        tuiConfig: input.tuiConfig,
+      })
     })
+    if (result.exitCode !== 0) process.exit(result.exitCode)
   } catch (error) {
-    if (error instanceof Error && error.message === INTERACTIVE_INPUT_ERROR) fail(error.message)
+    if (error instanceof MiniInputError || (error instanceof Error && error.message === INTERACTIVE_INPUT_ERROR))
+      fail(error.message)
     throw error
   }
 }
@@ -92,7 +100,6 @@ function validate(input: MiniCommandInput) {
     fail("--replay-limit must be a positive integer")
   }
   if (input.fork && !input.continue && !input.session) fail("--fork requires --continue or --session")
-  resolveInteractiveStdin().cleanup?.()
 }
 
 function localDirectory(): string {
@@ -101,15 +108,15 @@ function localDirectory(): string {
     process.chdir(root)
     return process.cwd()
   } catch {
-    fail(`Failed to change directory to ${root}`)
+    throw new MiniInputError(`Failed to change directory to ${root}`)
   }
 }
 
-function parseModel(value?: string): RunInput["model"] {
+function parseModel(value?: string): Model {
   if (!value) return
   const [providerID, ...rest] = value.split("/")
   const modelID = rest.join("/")
-  if (!providerID || !modelID) fail("--model must use the format provider/model")
+  if (!providerID || !modelID) throw new MiniInputError("--model must use the format provider/model")
   return { providerID, modelID }
 }
 
@@ -144,7 +151,7 @@ async function selectSession(sdk: OpenCodeClient, directory: string, input: Mini
             .list({ directory, parentID: null, limit: 1, order: "desc" })
             .then((result) => result.data[0])
         : undefined)
-  if (input.session && !selected) fail("Session not found")
+  if (input.session && !selected) throw new MiniInputError("Session not found")
   if (!selected) return
   if (!input.fork) return selected
   return sdk.session.fork({ sessionID: selected.id })
@@ -154,7 +161,7 @@ async function createSession(
   sdk: OpenCodeClient,
   directory: string,
   agent: string | undefined,
-  model: RunInput["model"],
+  model: Model,
   variant?: string,
 ): Promise<Session> {
   if (model) await waitForCatalogReady({ sdk, directory, model })

packages/cli/src/mini/index.ts

@@ -1,8 +0,0 @@
-export { runMini, validateMiniTerminal, mergeInput as mergeInteractiveInput, type MiniCommandInput } from "./mini"
-export {
-  runNonInteractive,
-  mergeInput as mergeNonInteractiveInput,
-  pickRunModel,
-  parseRunModel,
-  type RunCommandInput,
-} from "./run"

packages/cli/src/mini/runtime.boot.ts

@@ -1,166 +0,0 @@
-// Boot-time resolution for direct interactive mode.
-//
-// These functions run concurrently at startup to gather everything the runtime
-// needs before the first frame: TUI keymap config, diff display style,
-// model variant list with context limits, and session history for the prompt
-// history ring. All are async because they read config or hit the SDK, but
-// none block each other.
-import { Context, Effect, Layer } from "effect"
-import { resolve } from "@opencode-ai/tui/config/v1"
-import { AppNodeBuilder } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/app-node-builder"
-import { makeGlobalNode } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/app-node"
-import { makeRuntime } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/runtime"
-import { loadRunProviders } from "./catalog.shared"
-import { resolveCurrentSession, sessionHistory } from "./session.shared"
-import type { RunDiffStyle, RunInput, RunPrompt, RunProvider, RunTuiConfig } from "./types"
-import { pickVariant } from "./variant.shared"
-
-export type ModelInfo = {
-  providers: RunProvider[]
-  variants: string[]
-  limits: Record<string, number>
-}
-
-export type SessionInfo = {
-  first: boolean
-  history: RunPrompt[]
-  model?: NonNullable<RunInput["model"]>
-  variant: string | undefined
-}
-
-type BootService = {
-  readonly resolveModelInfo: (
-    sdk: RunInput["sdk"],
-    directory: string,
-    model: RunInput["model"],
-  ) => Effect.Effect<ModelInfo>
-  readonly resolveSessionInfo: (
-    sdk: RunInput["sdk"],
-    sessionID: string,
-    model: RunInput["model"],
-  ) => Effect.Effect<SessionInfo>
-}
-
-class Service extends Context.Service<Service, BootService>()("@opencode/RunBoot") {}
-
-function emptyModelInfo(): ModelInfo {
-  return {
-    providers: [],
-    variants: [],
-    limits: {},
-  }
-}
-
-function emptySessionInfo(): SessionInfo {
-  return {
-    first: true,
-    history: [],
-    variant: undefined,
-  }
-}
-
-function defaultRunTuiConfig(): RunTuiConfig {
-  return {
-    ...resolve({}, { terminalSuspend: process.platform !== "win32" }),
-    diff_style: "auto",
-  }
-}
-
-const layer = Layer.effect(
-  Service,
-  Effect.gen(function* () {
-    const resolveModelInfo = Effect.fn("RunBoot.resolveModelInfo")(function* (
-      sdk: RunInput["sdk"],
-      directory: string,
-      model: RunInput["model"],
-    ) {
-      const providers = yield* Effect.promise(() => loadRunProviders(sdk, directory))
-      const limits = Object.fromEntries(
-        providers.flatMap((provider) =>
-          Object.entries(provider.models ?? {}).flatMap(([modelID, info]) => {
-            const limit = info?.limit?.context
-            if (typeof limit !== "number" || limit <= 0) {
-              return []
-            }
-
-            return [[`${provider.id}/${modelID}`, limit] as const]
-          }),
-        ),
-      )
-
-      if (!model) {
-        return {
-          providers,
-          variants: [],
-          limits,
-        }
-      }
-
-      const info = providers.find((item) => item.id === model.providerID)?.models?.[model.modelID]
-      return {
-        providers,
-        variants: Object.keys(info?.variants ?? {}),
-        limits,
-      }
-    })
-
-    const resolveSessionInfo = Effect.fn("RunBoot.resolveSessionInfo")(function* (
-      sdk: RunInput["sdk"],
-      sessionID: string,
-      model: RunInput["model"],
-    ) {
-      const session = yield* Effect.promise(() => resolveCurrentSession(sdk, sessionID).catch(() => undefined))
-      if (!session) {
-        return emptySessionInfo()
-      }
-
-      return {
-        first: session.first,
-        history: sessionHistory(session),
-        model: session.model,
-        variant: pickVariant(model ?? session.model, session),
-      }
-    })
-
-    return Service.of({
-      resolveModelInfo,
-      resolveSessionInfo,
-    })
-  }),
-)
-
-const node = makeGlobalNode({ service: Service, layer, deps: [] })
-const runtime = makeRuntime(Service, AppNodeBuilder.build(node))
-
-// Fetches available variants and context limits for every provider/model pair.
-export async function resolveModelInfo(
-  sdk: RunInput["sdk"],
-  directory: string,
-  model: RunInput["model"],
-): Promise<ModelInfo> {
-  return runtime.runPromise((svc) => svc.resolveModelInfo(sdk, directory, model)).catch(() => emptyModelInfo())
-}
-
-export function resolveModelInfoStrict(sdk: RunInput["sdk"], directory: string, model: RunInput["model"]) {
-  return runtime.runPromise((svc) => svc.resolveModelInfo(sdk, directory, model))
-}
-
-// Fetches session messages to determine if this is the first turn and build prompt history.
-export async function resolveSessionInfo(
-  sdk: RunInput["sdk"],
-  sessionID: string,
-  model: RunInput["model"],
-): Promise<SessionInfo> {
-  return runtime.runPromise((svc) => svc.resolveSessionInfo(sdk, sessionID, model)).catch(() => emptySessionInfo())
-}
-
-// Reads TUI config once for direct mode keymap setup and display preferences.
-export async function resolveRunTuiConfig(
-  config?: RunTuiConfig | Promise<RunTuiConfig>,
-): Promise<RunTuiConfig> {
-  return Promise.resolve(config).then((value) => value ?? defaultRunTuiConfig()).catch(() => defaultRunTuiConfig())
-}
-
-export async function resolveDiffStyle(config?: RunTuiConfig | Promise<RunTuiConfig>): Promise<RunDiffStyle> {
-  return resolveRunTuiConfig(config).then((value) => value.diff_style ?? "auto")
-}

packages/cli/src/mini/runtime.lifecycle.ts

@@ -1,389 +0,0 @@
-// Lifecycle management for the split-footer renderer.
-//
-// Creates the OpenTUI CliRenderer in split-footer mode, resolves the theme
-// from the terminal palette, writes the entry splash to scrollback, and
-// constructs the RunFooter. Returns a Lifecycle handle whose close() writes
-// the exit splash and tears everything down in the right order:
-// footer.close → footer.destroy → renderer shutdown.
-//
-// Also wires SIGINT so Ctrl-c clears a live prompt draft first, then falls
-// back to the usual two-press exit sequence through RunFooter.requestExit().
-import path from "path"
-import { CliRenderEvents, createCliRenderer, type CliRenderer, type ScrollbackWriter } from "@opentui/core"
-import { Global } from "@opencode-ai/core/global"
-import { isDefaultTitle } from "@opencode-ai/tui/util/session"
-import { Locale } from "@opencode-ai/tui/util/locale"
-import { resolveInteractiveStdin } from "./runtime.stdin"
-import { entrySplash, exitSplash, splashMeta } from "./splash"
-import { resolveRunTheme } from "./theme"
-import type {
-  FooterApi,
-  PermissionReply,
-  QuestionReject,
-  QuestionReply,
-  RunAgent,
-  RunInput,
-  RunPrompt,
-  RunReference,
-  RunTuiConfig,
-} from "./types"
-import { formatModelLabel } from "./variant.shared"
-
-const FOOTER_HEIGHT = 4
-
-type SplashState = {
-  entry: boolean
-  exit: boolean
-}
-
-type CycleResult = {
-  modelLabel?: string
-  status?: string
-  variant?: string | undefined
-  variants?: string[]
-}
-
-type FooterLabels = {
-  agentLabel: string
-  modelLabel: string
-}
-
-export type LifecycleInput = {
-  directory: string
-  findFiles: (query: string) => Promise<string[]>
-  agents: RunAgent[]
-  references: RunReference[]
-  sessionID: string
-  sessionTitle?: string
-  getSessionID?: () => string | undefined
-  first: boolean
-  history: RunPrompt[]
-  agent: string | undefined
-  model: RunInput["model"]
-  variant: string | undefined
-  tuiConfig: RunTuiConfig | Promise<RunTuiConfig>
-  onPermissionReply: (input: PermissionReply) => void | Promise<void>
-  onQuestionReply: (input: QuestionReply) => void | Promise<void>
-  onQuestionReject: (input: QuestionReject) => void | Promise<void>
-  onCycleVariant?: () => CycleResult | void
-  onModelSelect?: (model: NonNullable<RunInput["model"]>) => CycleResult | void | Promise<CycleResult | void>
-  onVariantSelect?: (variant: string | undefined) => CycleResult | void | Promise<CycleResult | void>
-  onInterrupt?: () => void
-  onBackground?: () => void
-  onSubagentSelect?: (sessionID: string | undefined) => void
-  onSubagentInterrupt?: (sessionID: string) => void
-}
-
-export type Lifecycle = {
-  footer: FooterApi
-  onResize(fn: () => void): () => void
-  refreshTheme(): void
-  resetForReplay(input: { sessionTitle?: string; sessionID?: string; history: RunPrompt[] }): Promise<void>
-  close(input: { showExit: boolean; sessionTitle?: string; sessionID?: string; history?: RunPrompt[] }): Promise<void>
-}
-
-// Gracefully tears down the renderer. Order matters: switch external output
-// back to passthrough before leaving split-footer mode, so pending stdout
-// doesn't get captured into the now-dead scrollback pipeline.
-function shutdown(renderer: CliRenderer): void {
-  if (renderer.isDestroyed) {
-    return
-  }
-
-  if (renderer.externalOutputMode === "capture-stdout") {
-    renderer.externalOutputMode = "passthrough"
-  }
-
-  if (renderer.screenMode === "split-footer") {
-    renderer.screenMode = "main-screen"
-  }
-
-  if (!renderer.isDestroyed) {
-    renderer.destroy()
-  }
-}
-
-function splashInfo(title: string | undefined, history: RunPrompt[]) {
-  if (title && !isDefaultTitle(title)) {
-    return {
-      title,
-      showSession: true,
-    }
-  }
-
-  const next = history.find((item) => item.text.trim().length > 0)
-  return {
-    title: next?.text ?? title,
-    showSession: !!next,
-  }
-}
-
-function footerLabels(input: Pick<RunInput, "agent" | "model" | "variant">): FooterLabels {
-  const agentLabel = Locale.titlecase(input.agent ?? "build")
-  return {
-    agentLabel,
-    modelLabel: input.model ? formatModelLabel(input.model, input.variant) : "",
-  }
-}
-
-function directoryLabel(directory: string) {
-  const resolved = path.resolve(directory)
-  const display =
-    resolved === Global.Path.home
-      ? "~"
-      : resolved.startsWith(`${Global.Path.home}${path.sep}`)
-        ? resolved.replace(Global.Path.home, "~")
-        : resolved
-  return display.replaceAll("\\", "/")
-}
-
-function queueSplash(
-  renderer: Pick<CliRenderer, "writeToScrollback" | "requestRender">,
-  state: SplashState,
-  phase: keyof SplashState,
-  write: ScrollbackWriter | undefined,
-): boolean {
-  if (state[phase]) {
-    return false
-  }
-
-  if (!write) {
-    return false
-  }
-
-  state[phase] = true
-  renderer.writeToScrollback(write)
-  renderer.requestRender()
-  return true
-}
-
-// Boots the split-footer renderer and constructs the RunFooter.
-//
-// The renderer starts in split-footer mode with captured stdout so that
-// scrollback commits and footer repaints happen in the same frame. After
-// the entry splash, RunFooter takes over the footer region.
-export async function createRuntimeLifecycle(input: LifecycleInput): Promise<Lifecycle> {
-  const source = resolveInteractiveStdin()
-  const footerTask = import("./footer")
-  try {
-    const renderer = await createCliRenderer({
-      stdin: source.stdin,
-      targetFps: 30,
-      maxFps: 60,
-      useMouse: false,
-      autoFocus: false,
-      openConsoleOnError: false,
-      exitOnCtrlC: false,
-      useKittyKeyboard: { events: process.platform === "win32" },
-      screenMode: "split-footer",
-      footerHeight: FOOTER_HEIGHT,
-      externalOutputMode: "capture-stdout",
-      consoleMode: "disabled",
-      clearOnShutdown: false,
-    })
-    const [theme, tuiConfig] = await Promise.all([resolveRunTheme(renderer), input.tuiConfig])
-    renderer.setBackgroundColor(theme.background)
-    const state: SplashState = {
-      entry: false,
-      exit: false,
-    }
-    const splash = splashInfo(input.sessionTitle, input.history)
-    const meta = splashMeta({
-      title: splash.title,
-      session_id: input.sessionID,
-    })
-    const labels = footerLabels({
-      agent: input.agent,
-      model: input.model,
-      variant: input.variant,
-    })
-    const wrote = queueSplash(
-      renderer,
-      state,
-      "entry",
-      entrySplash({
-        ...meta,
-        theme: theme.splash,
-        showSession: splash.showSession,
-        detail: directoryLabel(input.directory),
-      }),
-    )
-    await renderer.idle().catch(() => {})
-
-    const { RunFooter } = await footerTask
-    let closed = false
-    let sigintRegistered = false
-
-    const footer = new RunFooter(renderer, {
-      directory: input.directory,
-      findFiles: input.findFiles,
-      agents: input.agents,
-      references: input.references,
-      sessionID: input.getSessionID ?? (() => input.sessionID),
-      ...labels,
-      model: input.model,
-      variant: input.variant,
-      first: input.first,
-      history: input.history,
-      theme,
-      wrote,
-      tuiConfig,
-      diffStyle: tuiConfig.diff_style ?? "auto",
-      onPermissionReply: input.onPermissionReply,
-      onQuestionReply: input.onQuestionReply,
-      onQuestionReject: input.onQuestionReject,
-      onCycleVariant: input.onCycleVariant,
-      onModelSelect: input.onModelSelect,
-      onVariantSelect: input.onVariantSelect,
-      onInterrupt: input.onInterrupt,
-      onBackground: input.onBackground,
-      onEditorOpen: async ({ value }) => {
-        if (closed || renderer.isDestroyed) {
-          return
-        }
-
-        const { openEditor } = await import("@opencode-ai/tui/editor")
-        await renderer.idle().catch(() => {})
-        const ignore = () => {}
-        detachSigint()
-        process.on("SIGINT", ignore)
-        try {
-          return await openEditor({
-            value,
-            cwd: input.directory,
-            renderer,
-            stdin: source.stdin,
-          })
-        } finally {
-          process.off("SIGINT", ignore)
-          attachSigint()
-        }
-      },
-      onSubagentSelect: input.onSubagentSelect,
-      onSubagentInterrupt: input.onSubagentInterrupt,
-    })
-
-    const sigint = () => {
-      footer.requestExit()
-    }
-
-    const attachSigint = () => {
-      if (closed || sigintRegistered) {
-        return
-      }
-
-      process.on("SIGINT", sigint)
-      sigintRegistered = true
-    }
-
-    const detachSigint = () => {
-      if (!sigintRegistered) {
-        return
-      }
-
-      process.off("SIGINT", sigint)
-      sigintRegistered = false
-    }
-
-    attachSigint()
-
-    const close = async (next: {
-      showExit: boolean
-      sessionTitle?: string
-      sessionID?: string
-      history?: RunPrompt[]
-    }) => {
-      if (closed) {
-        return
-      }
-
-      closed = true
-      detachSigint()
-      let wroteExit = false
-
-      try {
-        await footer.idle().catch(() => {})
-
-        const show = renderer.isDestroyed ? false : next.showExit
-        if (!renderer.isDestroyed && show) {
-          const sessionID = next.sessionID || input.getSessionID?.() || input.sessionID
-          const splash = splashInfo(next.sessionTitle ?? input.sessionTitle, next.history ?? input.history)
-          wroteExit = queueSplash(
-            renderer,
-            state,
-            "exit",
-            exitSplash({
-              ...splashMeta({
-                title: splash.title,
-                session_id: sessionID,
-              }),
-              theme: footer.currentTheme().splash,
-            }),
-          )
-          await renderer.idle().catch(() => {})
-        }
-      } finally {
-        footer.close()
-        await footer.idle().catch(() => {})
-        footer.destroy()
-        shutdown(renderer)
-        if (!wroteExit) {
-          process.stdout.write("\n")
-        }
-        source.cleanup?.()
-      }
-    }
-
-    return {
-      footer,
-      refreshTheme() {
-        footer.refreshTheme()
-      },
-      onResize(fn) {
-        let width = renderer.terminalWidth
-        let height = renderer.terminalHeight
-        const resize = () => {
-          if (width === renderer.terminalWidth && height === renderer.terminalHeight) {
-            return
-          }
-
-          width = renderer.terminalWidth
-          height = renderer.terminalHeight
-          fn()
-        }
-        renderer.on(CliRenderEvents.RESIZE, resize)
-        return () => renderer.off(CliRenderEvents.RESIZE, resize)
-      },
-      async resetForReplay(next) {
-        if (closed || renderer.isDestroyed || footer.isClosed) {
-          throw new Error("runtime closed")
-        }
-
-        await footer.idle()
-        if (closed || renderer.isDestroyed || footer.isClosed) {
-          throw new Error("runtime closed")
-        }
-
-        footer.resetForReplay(true)
-        renderer.resetSplitFooterForReplay({ clearSavedLines: true })
-        const splash = splashInfo(next.sessionTitle ?? input.sessionTitle, next.history)
-        renderer.writeToScrollback(
-          entrySplash({
-            ...splashMeta({
-              title: splash.title,
-              session_id: next.sessionID ?? input.getSessionID?.() ?? input.sessionID,
-            }),
-            theme: footer.currentTheme().splash,
-            showSession: splash.showSession,
-            detail: directoryLabel(input.directory),
-          }),
-        )
-        renderer.requestRender()
-      },
-      close,
-    }
-  } catch (error) {
-    source.cleanup?.()
-    throw error
-  }
-}

packages/cli/src/mini/runtime.stdin.ts

@@ -1,37 +0,0 @@
-import fs from "fs"
-import * as tty from "node:tty"
-
-export const INTERACTIVE_INPUT_ERROR = "opencode mini requires a controlling terminal for input"
-
-type InteractiveStdin = {
-  stdin: NodeJS.ReadStream
-  cleanup?: () => void
-}
-
-function openTerminalStdin(path: string): NodeJS.ReadStream {
-  return new tty.ReadStream(fs.openSync(path, "r"))
-}
-
-export function resolveInteractiveStdin(
-  stdin: NodeJS.ReadStream = process.stdin,
-  open: (path: string) => NodeJS.ReadStream = openTerminalStdin,
-  platform = process.platform,
-): InteractiveStdin {
-  if (stdin.isTTY) {
-    return { stdin }
-  }
-
-  const file = platform === "win32" ? "CONIN$" : "/dev/tty"
-
-  try {
-    const stream = open(file)
-    return {
-      stdin: stream,
-      cleanup: () => {
-        stream.destroy()
-      },
-    }
-  } catch (error) {
-    throw new Error(INTERACTIVE_INPUT_ERROR, { cause: error })
-  }
-}

packages/cli/src/mini/trace.ts

@@ -1,94 +0,0 @@
-// Dev-only JSONL event trace for direct interactive mode.
-//
-// Enable with OPENCODE_DIRECT_TRACE=1. Writes one JSON line per event to
-// ~/.local/share/opencode/log/direct/<timestamp>-<pid>.jsonl. Also writes
-// a latest.json pointer so you can quickly find the most recent trace.
-//
-// The trace captures the full closed loop: outbound prompts, inbound SDK
-// events, reducer output, footer commits, and turn lifecycle markers.
-// Useful for debugging stream ordering, permission behavior, and
-// footer/transcript mismatches.
-//
-// Lazy-initialized: the first call to trace() decides whether tracing is
-// active based on the env var, and subsequent calls return the cached result.
-import fs from "fs"
-import path from "path"
-import { Global } from "@opencode-ai/core/global"
-
-export type Trace = {
-  write(type: string, data?: unknown): void
-}
-
-let state: Trace | false | undefined
-
-function stamp() {
-  return new Date()
-    .toISOString()
-    .replace(/[-:]/g, "")
-    .replace(/\.\d+Z$/, "Z")
-}
-
-function file() {
-  return path.join(Global.Path.log, "direct", `${stamp()}-${process.pid}.jsonl`)
-}
-
-function latest() {
-  return path.join(Global.Path.log, "direct", "latest.json")
-}
-
-function text(data: unknown) {
-  return JSON.stringify(
-    data,
-    (_key, value) => {
-      if (typeof value === "bigint") {
-        return String(value)
-      }
-
-      return value
-    },
-    0,
-  )
-}
-
-export function trace(): Trace | undefined {
-  if (state !== undefined) {
-    return state || undefined
-  }
-
-  if (!process.env.OPENCODE_DIRECT_TRACE) {
-    state = false
-    return undefined
-  }
-
-  const target = file()
-  fs.mkdirSync(path.dirname(target), { recursive: true })
-  fs.writeFileSync(
-    latest(),
-    text({
-      time: new Date().toISOString(),
-      pid: process.pid,
-      cwd: process.cwd(),
-      argv: process.argv.slice(2),
-      path: target,
-    }) + "\n",
-  )
-  state = {
-    write(type: string, data?: unknown) {
-      fs.appendFileSync(
-        target,
-        text({
-          time: new Date().toISOString(),
-          pid: process.pid,
-          type,
-          data,
-        }) + "\n",
-      )
-    },
-  }
-  state.write("trace.start", {
-    argv: process.argv.slice(2),
-    cwd: process.cwd(),
-    path: target,
-  })
-  return state
-}

packages/cli/src/mini/variant.shared.ts

@@ -1,221 +0,0 @@
-// Model variant resolution and persistence.
-//
-// Variants are provider-specific reasoning effort levels (e.g., "high", "max").
-// Resolution priority: CLI --variant flag > saved preference > session history.
-//
-// The saved variant persists across sessions in ~/.local/state/opencode/model.json
-// so your last-used variant sticks. Cycling (ctrl+t) updates both the active
-// variant and the persisted file.
-import path from "path"
-import { FSUtil } from "@opencode-ai/core/fs-util"
-import { AppNodeBuilder } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/app-node-builder"
-import { Context, Effect, Layer } from "effect"
-import { LayerNode } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/layer-node"
-import { makeGlobalNode } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/app-node"
-import { makeRuntime } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/runtime"
-import { Global } from "@opencode-ai/core/global"
-import { createSession, sessionVariant, type RunSession, type SessionMessages } from "./session.shared"
-import type { RunInput, RunProvider } from "./types"
-
-const MODEL_FILE = path.join(Global.Path.state, "model.json")
-
-type ModelState = Record<string, unknown> & {
-  variant?: Record<string, string | undefined>
-}
-type VariantService = {
-  readonly resolveSavedVariant: (model: RunInput["model"]) => Effect.Effect<string | undefined>
-  readonly saveVariant: (model: RunInput["model"], variant: string | undefined) => Effect.Effect<void>
-}
-type VariantRuntime = {
-  resolveSavedVariant(model: RunInput["model"]): Promise<string | undefined>
-  saveVariant(model: RunInput["model"], variant: string | undefined): Promise<void>
-}
-
-function isRecord(value: unknown): value is Record<string, unknown> {
-  return !!value && typeof value === "object" && !Array.isArray(value)
-}
-
-class Service extends Context.Service<Service, VariantService>()("@opencode/RunVariant") {}
-
-function modelKey(provider: string, model: string): string {
-  return `${provider}/${model}`
-}
-
-function variantKey(model: NonNullable<RunInput["model"]>): string {
-  return modelKey(model.providerID, model.modelID)
-}
-
-export function modelInfo(providers: RunProvider[] | undefined, model: NonNullable<RunInput["model"]>) {
-  const provider = providers?.find((item) => item.id === model.providerID)
-  return {
-    provider: provider?.name ?? model.providerID,
-    model: provider?.models[model.modelID]?.name ?? model.modelID,
-  }
-}
-
-export function formatModelLabel(
-  model: NonNullable<RunInput["model"]>,
-  variant: string | undefined,
-  providers?: RunProvider[],
-): string {
-  const names = modelInfo(providers, model)
-  const label = variant ? ` · ${variant}` : ""
-  return `${names.model} · ${names.provider}${label}`
-}
-
-export function cycleVariant(current: string | undefined, variants: string[]): string | undefined {
-  if (variants.length === 0) {
-    return undefined
-  }
-
-  if (!current) {
-    return variants[0]
-  }
-
-  const idx = variants.indexOf(current)
-  if (idx === -1 || idx === variants.length - 1) {
-    return undefined
-  }
-
-  return variants[idx + 1]
-}
-
-export function pickVariant(model: RunInput["model"], input: RunSession | SessionMessages): string | undefined {
-  return sessionVariant(Array.isArray(input) ? createSession(input) : input, model)
-}
-
-function fitVariant(value: string | undefined, variants: string[]): string | undefined {
-  if (!value) {
-    return undefined
-  }
-
-  if (variants.length === 0 || variants.includes(value)) {
-    return value
-  }
-
-  return undefined
-}
-
-// Picks the active variant. CLI flag wins, then saved preference, then session
-// history. fitVariant() checks saved and session values against the available
-// variants list -- if the provider doesn't offer a variant, it drops.
-export function resolveVariant(
-  input: string | undefined,
-  session: string | undefined,
-  saved: string | undefined,
-  variants: string[],
-): string | undefined {
-  if (input !== undefined) {
-    return input
-  }
-
-  const fallback = fitVariant(saved, variants)
-  const current = fitVariant(session, variants)
-  if (current !== undefined) {
-    return current
-  }
-
-  return fallback
-}
-
-function state(value: unknown): ModelState {
-  if (!isRecord(value)) {
-    return {}
-  }
-
-  const variant = isRecord(value.variant)
-    ? Object.fromEntries(
-        Object.entries(value.variant).flatMap(([key, item]) => {
-          if (typeof item !== "string") {
-            return []
-          }
-
-          return [[key, item] as const]
-        }),
-      )
-    : undefined
-
-  return {
-    ...value,
-    variant,
-  }
-}
-
-const layer = Layer.fresh(
-  Layer.effect(
-    Service,
-    Effect.gen(function* () {
-      const file = yield* FSUtil.Service
-
-      const read = Effect.fn("RunVariant.read")(function* () {
-        return yield* file.readJson(MODEL_FILE).pipe(
-          Effect.map(state),
-          Effect.catchCause(() => Effect.succeed(state(undefined))),
-        )
-      })
-
-      const resolveSavedVariant = Effect.fn("RunVariant.resolveSavedVariant")(function* (model: RunInput["model"]) {
-        if (!model) {
-          return undefined
-        }
-
-        return (yield* read()).variant?.[variantKey(model)]
-      })
-
-      const saveVariant = Effect.fn("RunVariant.saveVariant")(function* (
-        model: RunInput["model"],
-        variant: string | undefined,
-      ) {
-        if (!model) {
-          return
-        }
-
-        const current = yield* read()
-        const next = {
-          ...current.variant,
-        }
-        const key = variantKey(model)
-        if (variant) {
-          next[key] = variant
-        }
-
-        if (!variant) {
-          delete next[key]
-        }
-
-        yield* file
-          .writeJson(MODEL_FILE, {
-            ...current,
-            variant: next,
-          })
-          .pipe(Effect.orElseSucceed(() => undefined))
-      })
-
-      return Service.of({
-        resolveSavedVariant,
-        saveVariant,
-      })
-    }),
-  ),
-)
-
-const node = makeGlobalNode({ service: Service, layer, deps: [FSUtil.node] })
-
-/** @internal Exported for testing. */
-export function createVariantRuntime(replacements?: readonly LayerNode.Replacement[]): VariantRuntime {
-  const runtime = makeRuntime(Service, AppNodeBuilder.build(node, replacements))
-  return {
-    resolveSavedVariant: (model) => runtime.runPromise((svc) => svc.resolveSavedVariant(model)).catch(() => undefined),
-    saveVariant: (model, variant) => runtime.runPromise((svc) => svc.saveVariant(model, variant)).catch(() => {}),
-  }
-}
-
-const runtime = createVariantRuntime()
-
-export async function resolveSavedVariant(model: RunInput["model"]): Promise<string | undefined> {
-  return runtime.resolveSavedVariant(model)
-}
-
-export function saveVariant(model: RunInput["model"], variant: string | undefined): void {
-  void runtime.saveVariant(model, variant)
-}

packages/cli/src/run/index.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+export { runNonInteractive, type RunCommandInput } from "./run"
+export { runV1Bridge, type V1RunCommandInput } from "./v1"

packages/cli/src/run/noninteractive.ts

@@ -2,8 +2,8 @@ import type { EventSubscribeOutput, OpenCodeClient } from "@opencode-ai/client/p
 import { SessionMessage } from "@opencode-ai/schema/session-message"
 import { EOL } from "node:os"
 import { readFile } from "node:fs/promises"
+import { toolOutputText, type MiniToolPart } from "@opencode-ai/tui/mini/tool"
 import { UI } from "./ui"
-import type { MiniToolPart } from "./types"
 
 type Model = {
   providerID: string
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@ type Input = {
   auto: boolean
   /** True when the client is attached to a shared server rather than an exclusive in-process one. */
   attached: boolean
+  compatibility?: "v1"
   renderTool: (part: MiniToolPart) => Promise<void>
   renderToolError: (part: MiniToolPart) => Promise<void>
 }
@@ -70,7 +71,9 @@ export async function runNonInteractivePrompt(input: Input) {
   let permissionRejected = false
   let formCancelled = false
   let interrupted = false
+  let v1InvalidOutput = false
   let admission: AbortController | undefined
+  let pendingStep: { timestamp: number; part: Record<string, unknown>; label: string } | undefined
 
   const emit = (type: string, timestamp: number, data: Record<string, unknown>) => {
     if (input.format !== "json") return false
@@ -91,6 +94,17 @@ export async function runNonInteractivePrompt(input: Input) {
     UI.empty()
   }
 
+  const flushStep = () => {
+    if (!pendingStep) return
+    const value = pendingStep
+    pendingStep = undefined
+    if (!emit("step_start", value.timestamp, { part: value.part }) && input.format !== "json") {
+      UI.empty()
+      UI.println(value.label)
+      UI.empty()
+    }
+  }
+
   const replyPermission = async (request: { id: string; action: string; resources: ReadonlyArray<string> }) => {
     if (!input.auto) {
       permissionRejected = true
@@ -177,6 +191,14 @@ export async function runNonInteractivePrompt(input: Input) {
           type: "step-start",
           snapshot: event.data.snapshot,
         }
+        if (input.compatibility === "v1") {
+          pendingStep = {
+            timestamp: time,
+            part,
+            label: `> ${event.data.agent} · ${event.data.model.id}`,
+          }
+          continue
+        }
         if (!emit("step_start", time, { part }) && input.format !== "json") {
           UI.empty()
           UI.println(`> ${event.data.agent} · ${event.data.model.id}`)
@@ -186,6 +208,7 @@ export async function runNonInteractivePrompt(input: Input) {
       }
 
       if (event.type === "session.text.started") {
+        flushStep()
         starts.set("text", { id: partID(event.id), timestamp: time })
         continue
       }
@@ -205,6 +228,7 @@ export async function runNonInteractivePrompt(input: Input) {
       }
 
       if (event.type === "session.reasoning.started") {
+        flushStep()
         starts.set("reasoning", { id: partID(event.id), timestamp: time })
         continue
       }
@@ -235,6 +259,7 @@ export async function runNonInteractivePrompt(input: Input) {
       }
 
       if (event.type === "session.tool.input.started") {
+        flushStep()
         tools.set(event.data.callID, {
           id: partID(event.id),
           timestamp: time,
@@ -250,6 +275,7 @@ export async function runNonInteractivePrompt(input: Input) {
         continue
       }
       if (event.type === "session.tool.called") {
+        flushStep()
         const current = tools.get(event.data.callID)
         tools.set(event.data.callID, {
           id: current?.id ?? partID(event.id),
@@ -274,10 +300,7 @@ export async function runNonInteractivePrompt(input: Input) {
           state: {
             status: "completed",
             input: current.input,
-            output: event.data.content
-              .filter((item) => item.type === "text")
-              .map((item) => item.text)
-              .join("\n"),
+            output: toolOutputText(current.tool, event.data.content),
             title: current.tool,
             metadata: {
               structured: event.data.structured,
@@ -318,6 +341,7 @@ export async function runNonInteractivePrompt(input: Input) {
           },
         }
         tools.delete(event.data.callID)
+        if (input.compatibility === "v1" && (permissionRejected || questionRejected || formCancelled)) continue
         if (!emit("tool_use", time, { part })) {
           await input.renderToolError(part)
           UI.error(error)
@@ -326,6 +350,7 @@ export async function runNonInteractivePrompt(input: Input) {
       }
 
       if (event.type === "session.step.ended") {
+        flushStep()
         const part = {
           id: partID(event.id),
           sessionID: input.sessionID,
@@ -340,13 +365,28 @@ export async function runNonInteractivePrompt(input: Input) {
         continue
       }
       if (event.type === "session.step.failed") {
+        if (
+          input.compatibility === "v1" &&
+          event.data.error.message === "Provider stream ended without a terminal finish event"
+        ) {
+          pendingStep = undefined
+          v1InvalidOutput = true
+          continue
+        }
         if (interrupted || permissionRejected || questionRejected || formCancelled) continue
+        flushStep()
         emittedError = true
         process.exitCode = 1
         if (!emit("error", time, { error: event.data.error })) UI.error(event.data.error.message)
         continue
       }
       if (event.type === "session.execution.failed") {
+        if (
+          input.compatibility === "v1" &&
+          (v1InvalidOutput || permissionRejected || questionRejected || formCancelled)
+        )
+          return
+        flushStep()
         if (!emittedError && !questionRejected && !formCancelled) {
           emittedError = true
           process.exitCode = 1
@@ -355,6 +395,7 @@ export async function runNonInteractivePrompt(input: Input) {
         return
       }
       if (event.type === "session.execution.interrupted") {
+        if (input.compatibility === "v1" && (permissionRejected || questionRejected || formCancelled)) return
         if (event.data.reason === "user" && interrupted) process.exitCode = 130
         if (event.data.reason !== "user" && !emittedError) {
           emittedError = true
@@ -480,7 +521,7 @@ async function prepareFile(file: File) {
     const uri = file.url.startsWith("data:")
       ? file.url
       : `data:${file.mime};base64,${(await readFile(new URL(file.url))).toString("base64")}`
-    return { attachment: { uri, mime: file.mime, name: file.filename } }
+    return { attachment: { uri, name: file.filename } }
   }
   const content = file.url.startsWith("data:")
     ? Buffer.from(file.url.slice(file.url.indexOf(",") + 1), "base64").toString("utf8")

packages/cli/src/run/run.ts

@@ -6,10 +6,9 @@ import { open } from "node:fs/promises"
 import path from "node:path"
 import { readStdin } from "../util/io"
 import { ServerConnection } from "../services/server-connection"
-import { loadRunAgents, waitForCatalogReady } from "./catalog.shared"
+import { waitForCatalogReady } from "../services/catalog"
+import { toolInlineInfo, type MiniToolPart } from "@opencode-ai/tui/mini/tool"
 import { runNonInteractivePrompt } from "./noninteractive"
-import { toolInlineInfo } from "./tool"
-import type { MiniToolPart } from "./types"
 import { UI } from "./ui"
 
 export type RunCommandInput = {
@@ -39,24 +38,39 @@ type Prepared = {
   files: FilePart[]
 }
 
+type ExecutionOptions = {
+  root?: string
+  directory?: string
+  useServerDirectory?: boolean
+  variant?: string
+  attached?: boolean
+  compatibility?: "v1"
+}
+
 const ATTACH_FILE_MAX_BYTES = 10 * 1024 * 1024
 
 export function runNonInteractive(input: RunCommandInput) {
-  return run(input).catch((error) => reportError(input, error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error)))
+  return runNonInteractiveWithOptions(input, {})
 }
 
-async function run(input: RunCommandInput) {
+/** @internal Used only by the V1 command boundary. */
+export function runNonInteractiveWithOptions(input: RunCommandInput, options: ExecutionOptions) {
+  return run(input, options).catch((error) => reportRunError(input, errorMessage(error)))
+}
+
+async function run(input: RunCommandInput, options: ExecutionOptions) {
   if (input.fork && !input.continue && !input.session) fail("--fork requires --continue or --session")
-  const root = process.env.PWD ?? process.cwd()
-  const directory = localDirectory(root)
+  const root = options.root ?? process.env.PWD ?? process.cwd()
+  const local = localDirectory(root)
+  const directory = options.useServerDirectory ? undefined : (options.directory ?? local)
   const message = mergeInput(formatMessage(input.message), process.stdin.isTTY ? undefined : await readStdin())
   if (!message?.trim()) fail("You must provide a message")
-  const files = await Promise.all(input.file.map((file) => prepareFile(file, root)))
+  const files = await Promise.all(input.file.map((file) => prepareFile(file, root, options)))
   const prepared = { directory, message, files }
-  return execute(input, prepared, input.server.endpoint)
+  return execute(input, prepared, input.server.endpoint, options)
 }
 
-async function execute(input: RunCommandInput, prepared: Prepared, endpoint: Endpoint) {
+async function execute(input: RunCommandInput, prepared: Prepared, endpoint: Endpoint, options: ExecutionOptions) {
   const client = OpenCode.make({ baseUrl: endpoint.url, headers: Service.headers(endpoint) })
   const requestedDirectory = prepared.directory ?? (await client.location.get()).directory
   if (!requestedDirectory) fail("Failed to resolve server directory")
@@ -65,7 +79,7 @@ async function execute(input: RunCommandInput, prepared: Prepared, endpoint: End
   const workspace = session?.location.workspaceID
   const explicit = parseRunModel(input.model)
   const explicitModel = explicit?.model
-  const variant = explicit?.variant
+  const variant = options.variant ?? explicit?.variant
   const sessionModel = session?.model ? { providerID: session.model.providerID, modelID: session.model.id } : undefined
   const defaultModel =
     !explicitModel && !sessionModel
@@ -74,12 +88,12 @@ async function execute(input: RunCommandInput, prepared: Prepared, endpoint: End
           .then((result) => (result.data ? { providerID: result.data.providerID, modelID: result.data.id } : undefined))
       : undefined
   const model = pickRunModel(explicitModel, variant, sessionModel, defaultModel)
-  if (variant && !model) return reportError(input, "Cannot select a variant before selecting a model", session?.id)
+  if (variant && !model) return reportRunError(input, "Cannot select a variant before selecting a model", session?.id)
   if (model) {
     await waitForCatalogReady({ sdk: client, directory: cwd, workspace, model })
     const available = await client.model.list({ location: { directory: cwd, workspace } })
     if (!available.data.some((item) => item.providerID === model.providerID && item.id === model.modelID))
-      return reportError(input, `Model unavailable: ${model.providerID}/${model.modelID}`, session?.id)
+      return reportRunError(input, `Model unavailable: ${model.providerID}/${model.modelID}`, session?.id)
   }
   const agent = await validateAgent(client, cwd, input.agent)
   const selected =
@@ -107,10 +121,11 @@ async function execute(input: RunCommandInput, prepared: Prepared, endpoint: End
     thinking: input.thinking ?? false,
     format: input.format,
     auto: input.auto ?? false,
-    attached: true,
+    attached: options.attached ?? true,
+    compatibility: options.compatibility,
     renderTool,
     renderToolError,
-  }).catch((error) => reportError(input, error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error), selected.id))
+  }).catch((error) => reportRunError(input, errorMessage(error), selected.id))
 }
 
 export function mergeInput(message: string | undefined, piped: string | undefined) {
@@ -155,7 +170,10 @@ export function parseRunModel(value?: string) {
 
 async function validateAgent(client: OpenCodeClient, directory: string, name?: string) {
   if (!name) return
-  const agents = await loadRunAgents(client, directory).catch(() => undefined)
+  const agents = await client.agent
+    .list({ location: { directory } })
+    .then((result) => result.data)
+    .catch(() => undefined)
   if (!agents) {
     warning("failed to list agents. Falling back to default agent")
     return
@@ -185,11 +203,13 @@ async function selectSession(client: OpenCodeClient, directory: string, input: R
   return client.session.fork({ sessionID: selected.id })
 }
 
-async function prepareFile(input: string, directory: string): Promise<FilePart> {
+async function prepareFile(input: string, directory: string, options: ExecutionOptions): Promise<FilePart> {
   const file = path.resolve(directory, input)
   const handle = await open(file, "r").catch(() => fail(`File not found: ${input}`))
   try {
     const stat = await handle.stat()
+    if (options.compatibility === "v1" && options.attached && stat.isDirectory())
+      fail(`Cannot attach local directory without a shared filesystem: ${input}`)
     if (!stat.isFile() || stat.size > ATTACH_FILE_MAX_BYTES)
       fail(`Cannot attach a directory, special file, or file larger than 10 MiB: ${input}`)
     const content = Buffer.alloc(Number(stat.size))
@@ -249,7 +269,15 @@ function warning(message: string) {
   UI.println(UI.Style.TEXT_WARNING_BOLD + "!", UI.Style.TEXT_NORMAL, message)
 }
 
-function reportError(input: RunCommandInput, message: string, sessionID?: string) {
+function errorMessage(error: unknown) {
+  if (error instanceof Error) return error.message
+  if (typeof error === "object" && error !== null && "message" in error && typeof error.message === "string")
+    return error.message
+  return String(error)
+}
+
+/** @internal Used by the V1 command boundary before a Session exists. */
+export function reportRunError(input: Pick<RunCommandInput, "format">, message: string, sessionID?: string) {
   process.exitCode = 1
   if (input.format === "json") {
     process.stdout.write(

packages/cli/src/run/v1.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
+import type { Endpoint } from "@opencode-ai/client/effect/service"
+import { Effect } from "effect"
+import path from "node:path"
+import { Standalone } from "../services/standalone"
+import { reportRunError, runNonInteractiveWithOptions, type RunCommandInput } from "./run"
+
+export type V1RunCommandInput = {
+  message: string[]
+  continue?: boolean
+  session?: string
+  fork?: boolean
+  model?: string
+  agent?: string
+  format: "default" | "json"
+  file: string[]
+  title?: string
+  server?: string
+  password?: string
+  username?: string
+  directory?: string
+  variant?: string
+  thinking?: boolean
+  dangerouslySkipPermissions?: boolean
+  standaloneCommand?: ReadonlyArray<string>
+}
+
+export function runV1Bridge(input: V1RunCommandInput) {
+  const root = process.env.PWD ?? process.cwd()
+  const attached = input.server !== undefined
+  const local = !attached && input.directory ? path.resolve(root, input.directory) : root
+  try {
+    process.chdir(local)
+  } catch {
+    reportRunError(input, `Failed to change directory to ${local}`)
+    return Promise.resolve()
+  }
+
+  return Effect.runPromise(
+    Effect.scoped(
+      Effect.gen(function* () {
+        const endpoint = attached
+          ? explicitEndpoint(input)
+          : yield* Standalone.start({ command: input.standaloneCommand })
+        yield* Effect.promise(() =>
+          runNonInteractiveWithOptions(nativeInput(input, endpoint), {
+            root: local,
+            directory: attached ? input.directory : local,
+            useServerDirectory: attached && input.directory === undefined,
+            variant: input.variant,
+            attached,
+            compatibility: "v1",
+          }),
+        )
+      }),
+    ),
+  ).catch((error) => reportRunError(input, error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error)))
+}
+
+function nativeInput(input: V1RunCommandInput, endpoint: Endpoint): RunCommandInput {
+  return {
+    server: { endpoint },
+    message: input.message,
+    continue: input.continue,
+    session: input.session,
+    fork: input.fork,
+    model: input.model,
+    agent: input.agent,
+    format: input.format,
+    file: input.file,
+    title: input.title,
+    thinking: input.thinking,
+    auto: input.dangerouslySkipPermissions,
+  }
+}
+
+function explicitEndpoint(input: V1RunCommandInput): Endpoint {
+  const url = input.server
+  if (!url) throw new Error("Missing V1 server URL")
+  return {
+    url,
+    auth: input.password
+      ? { type: "basic", username: input.username ?? "opencode", password: input.password }
+      : undefined,
+  }
+}

packages/cli/src/server-process.ts

@@ -1,13 +1,11 @@
 export * as ServerProcess from "./server-process"
 
 import { NodeServices } from "@effect/platform-node"
-import { Service } from "@opencode-ai/client/effect/service"
-import { AppNodeBuilder } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/app-node-builder"
+import { Service, type DiscoverOptions, type Info } from "@opencode-ai/client/effect/service"
 import { LayerNode } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/layer-node"
 import { Global } from "@opencode-ai/core/global"
 import { InstallationVersion } from "@opencode-ai/core/installation/version"
 import { AppProcess } from "@opencode-ai/core/process"
-import { ProcessLock } from "@opencode-ai/core/util/process-lock"
 import { randomBytes, randomUUID } from "node:crypto"
 import path from "node:path"
 import { Effect, FileSystem, Logger, Option, Redacted, Schedule, Schema } from "effect"
@@ -28,7 +26,7 @@ export type Options = {
 export const run = Effect.fnUntraced(function* (options: Options) {
   return yield* processEffect(options).pipe(
     Effect.provide(Updater.layer),
-    Effect.provide(AppNodeBuilder.build(LayerNode.group([Global.node, AppProcess.node]))),
+    Effect.provide(LayerNode.compile(LayerNode.group([Global.node, AppProcess.node]))),
     Effect.provide(NodeServices.layer),
   )
 })
@@ -38,14 +36,15 @@ const processEffect = Effect.fnUntraced(function* (options: Options) {
   return yield* Effect.scoped(
     Effect.gen(function* () {
       const serviceOptions = options.mode === "service" ? yield* ServiceConfig.options() : undefined
-      if (serviceOptions !== undefined) {
-        const acquired = yield* ProcessLock.acquire(serviceOptions.file + ".lock").pipe(
-          Effect.as(true),
-          Effect.catchTag("ProcessLockHeldError", () => Effect.succeed(false)),
-        )
-        if (!acquired) return yield* Effect.void
-        if ((yield* Service.discover(serviceOptions)) !== undefined) return yield* Effect.void
-      }
+      const config = options.mode === "service" ? yield* ServiceConfig.read() : {}
+      const hostname = options.hostname ?? config.hostname ?? "127.0.0.1"
+      const port = options.port ?? config.port ?? (options.mode === "service" ? ServiceConfig.defaultPort() : undefined)
+      if (
+        serviceOptions !== undefined &&
+        port !== undefined &&
+        (yield* Service.incumbent({ ...serviceOptions, url: serviceURL(hostname, port) })) !== undefined
+      )
+        return
       const { start } = yield* Effect.promise(() => import("@opencode-ai/server/process"))
       const environmentPassword = yield* Env.password
       // Keep the lease credential out of the environment inherited by tools.
@@ -53,25 +52,49 @@ const processEffect = Effect.fnUntraced(function* (options: Options) {
         delete process.env.OPENCODE_PASSWORD
         delete process.env.OPENCODE_SERVER_PASSWORD
       }
-      const config = options.mode === "service" ? yield* ServiceConfig.read() : {}
       const password =
         options.mode === "service"
-          ? yield* ServiceConfig.password()
+          ? config.password || randomBytes(32).toString("base64url")
           : environmentPassword
             ? Redacted.value(environmentPassword)
             : randomBytes(32).toString("base64url")
       if (!password) return yield* Effect.fail(new Error("Missing server password"))
       const instanceID = randomUUID()
       const server = yield* start({
-        hostname: options.hostname ?? config.hostname ?? "127.0.0.1",
-        port: Option.fromNullishOr(options.port ?? config.port),
+        hostname,
+        port: Option.fromNullishOr(port),
         password,
         instanceID,
         service:
           serviceOptions === undefined
             ? undefined
-            : { onListen: (address) => register(address, password, instanceID, serviceOptions.file) },
-      }).pipe(Effect.provide(Logger.layer([], { mergeWithExisting: false })))
+            : {
+                onListen: (address, shutdown) =>
+                  Effect.gen(function* () {
+                    if (!config.password) yield* ServiceConfig.password(password)
+                    return yield* register(address, password, instanceID, serviceOptions.file, shutdown)
+                  }),
+              },
+      }).pipe(
+        Effect.provide(Logger.layer([], { mergeWithExisting: false })),
+        Effect.catch((error) => {
+          if (serviceOptions === undefined || port === undefined || !addressInUse(error)) return Effect.fail(error)
+          return recognizeIncumbent(serviceOptions, hostname, port).pipe(
+            Effect.flatMap((found) =>
+              found
+                ? Effect.void
+                : Effect.fail(
+                    new Error(
+                      `Managed service port ${port} on ${hostname} is already in use by another process. ` +
+                        "Configure another port with `opencode service set port <port>` and start the service again.",
+                      { cause: error },
+                    ),
+                  ),
+            ),
+          )
+        }),
+      )
+      if (server === undefined) return
       const url = HttpServer.formatAddress(server.address)
       console.log(options.mode === "stdio" ? JSON.stringify({ url }) : `server listening on ${url}`)
       if (options.mode === "default" && !environmentPassword) console.log(`server password ${password}`)
@@ -95,6 +118,7 @@ const register = Effect.fnUntraced(function* (
   password: string,
   id: string,
   file: string,
+  shutdown: Effect.Effect<void>,
 ) {
   const fs = yield* FileSystem.FileSystem
   const temp = file + "." + id + ".tmp"
@@ -107,38 +131,49 @@ const register = Effect.fnUntraced(function* (
     password,
   }
   const encoded = yield* encodeInfo(info)
-  const publish = fs.writeFileString(temp, encoded, { mode: 0o600 }).pipe(Effect.andThen(fs.rename(temp, file)))
-  yield* publish
   const current = fs.readFileString(file).pipe(
     Effect.flatMap(decodeInfo),
     Effect.orElseSucceed(() => undefined),
   )
-  const assertRegistration = Effect.gen(function* () {
-    const found = yield* current
-    if (
-      found !== undefined &&
-      found.id === info.id &&
-      found.version === info.version &&
-      found.url === info.url &&
-      found.pid === info.pid &&
-      found.password === info.password
-    )
-      return
-    yield* publish
-  })
-  yield* Effect.addFinalizer(() =>
-    current.pipe(
-      Effect.flatMap((current) => (current?.id === id ? fs.remove(file) : Effect.void)),
-      Effect.ignore,
-    ),
-  )
-  yield* assertRegistration.pipe(
-    Effect.catchCause((cause) => Effect.logWarning("failed to reassert service registration", { cause })),
+  const owns = (found: Info | undefined) =>
+    found?.id === info.id &&
+    found.version === info.version &&
+    found.url === info.url &&
+    found.pid === info.pid &&
+    found.password === info.password
+  yield* fs.writeFileString(temp, encoded, { mode: 0o600 }).pipe(Effect.andThen(fs.rename(temp, file)))
+  yield* current.pipe(
+    Effect.filterOrFail(owns),
     Effect.repeat(Schedule.spaced("5 seconds")),
+    Effect.ignore,
+    Effect.andThen(shutdown),
     Effect.forkScoped,
   )
+  return current.pipe(
+    Effect.flatMap((found) => (owns(found) ? fs.remove(file) : Effect.void)),
+    Effect.ignore,
+  )
 })
 
+const recognizeIncumbent = Effect.fnUntraced(function* (options: DiscoverOptions, hostname: string, port: number) {
+  const found = yield* Service.incumbent({ ...options, url: serviceURL(hostname, port) }).pipe(
+    Effect.filterOrFail((value) => value !== undefined),
+    Effect.retry(Schedule.spaced("100 millis")),
+    Effect.timeoutOption("15 seconds"),
+  )
+  return Option.isSome(found)
+})
+
+function serviceURL(hostname: string, port: number) {
+  return `http://${hostname.includes(":") ? `[${hostname}]` : hostname}:${port}`
+}
+
+function addressInUse(error: unknown): boolean {
+  if (typeof error !== "object" || error === null) return false
+  if ("code" in error && error.code === "EADDRINUSE") return true
+  return "cause" in error && addressInUse(error.cause)
+}
+
 function waitForStdinClose() {
   return Effect.callback<void>((resume) => {
     const close = () => resume(Effect.void)

packages/cli/src/services/catalog.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+import type { OpenCodeClient } from "@opencode-ai/client/promise"
+
+// Location plugins initialize asynchronously, so explicit model selection must
+// wait for that exact model before prompt admission. The execution path owns
+// the authoritative error if readiness times out.
+export async function waitForCatalogReady(input: {
+  sdk: OpenCodeClient
+  directory: string
+  workspace?: string
+  model: { providerID: string; modelID: string }
+  timeoutMs?: number
+}) {
+  const deadline = Date.now() + (input.timeoutMs ?? 5_000)
+  while (Date.now() < deadline) {
+    const models = await input.sdk.model
+      .list({ location: { directory: input.directory, workspace: input.workspace } })
+      .then((result) => result.data)
+      .catch(() => undefined)
+    if (models?.some((model) => model.providerID === input.model.providerID && model.id === input.model.modelID)) return
+    await new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, 25))
+  }
+}

packages/cli/src/services/service-config.ts

@@ -30,6 +30,12 @@ export function filename(channel = InstallationChannel) {
   return `service-${Hash.fast(channel)}.json`
 }
 
+export function defaultPort(channel = InstallationChannel) {
+  if (channel === "latest") return 0xc0de
+  if (channel === "local") return 0xc0df
+  return 10_000 + (Number.parseInt(Hash.fast(channel).slice(0, 8), 16) % 50_000)
+}
+
 export function versionBelongsToChannel(
   version: string | undefined,
   channel = InstallationChannel,

packages/cli/src/services/standalone.ts

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { Service, type Endpoint } from "@opencode-ai/client/effect/service"
 import { CrossSpawnSpawner } from "@opencode-ai/core/cross-spawn-spawner"
-import { AppNodeBuilder } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/app-node-builder"
+import { LayerNode } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/layer-node"
 import { Deferred, Effect, Schema, Stream } from "effect"
 import { ChildProcess, ChildProcessSpawner } from "effect/unstable/process"
 import { randomBytes } from "node:crypto"
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ const makeEndpoint = Effect.fn("cli.standalone.endpoint")(
       pid: proc.pid,
     } satisfies Endpoint & { readonly pid: number }
   },
-  Effect.provide(AppNodeBuilder.build(CrossSpawnSpawner.node)),
+  Effect.provide(LayerNode.compile(CrossSpawnSpawner.node)),
 )
 
 export function start(options: Options = {}) {

packages/cli/test/drive/mini-interactive.drive.mjs

@@ -0,0 +1,251 @@
+import { defineScript } from "opencode-drive"
+import { mkdir } from "node:fs/promises"
+import path from "node:path"
+
+export default defineScript({
+  launch: "manual",
+  setup({ config }) {
+    config.autoupdate = false
+  },
+  async run({ artifacts, llm, server, signal }) {
+    await configureServicePort(artifacts)
+    await server.launch()
+
+    const registration = await serviceRegistration(artifacts)
+    const root = path.resolve(import.meta.dir, "../../../..")
+    const session = `mini-stage2-${process.pid}`
+    const snapshots = path.join(artifacts, "mini-stage2")
+    await mkdir(snapshots, { recursive: true })
+
+    llm.queue(
+      llm.toolCall({
+        index: 0,
+        id: "mini-shell",
+        name: "shell",
+        input: { command: "printf 'drive-mini-tool-output\\n'" },
+      }),
+      llm.finish("tool-calls"),
+    )
+    llm.queue(llm.text("drive mini response complete", { delay: 5, chunkSize: 4 }))
+
+    const abort = () => {
+      void tmux(["kill-session", "-t", session], true).catch(() => {})
+    }
+    signal.addEventListener("abort", abort, { once: true })
+    try {
+      await tmux([
+        "new-session",
+        "-d",
+        "-s",
+        session,
+        "-x",
+        "140",
+        "-y",
+        "30",
+        "--",
+        "env",
+        `PWD=${path.join(artifacts, "files")}`,
+        `OPENCODE_PASSWORD=${registration.password}`,
+        `OPENCODE_CONFIG_DIR=${path.join(artifacts, "files/.opencode")}`,
+        `OPENCODE_TEST_HOME=${artifacts}`,
+        `XDG_CACHE_HOME=${path.join(artifacts, "home/.cache")}`,
+        `XDG_CONFIG_HOME=${path.join(artifacts, "home/.config")}`,
+        `XDG_DATA_HOME=${path.join(artifacts, "logs")}`,
+        `XDG_STATE_HOME=${path.join(artifacts, "home/.local/state")}`,
+        "OPENCODE_DISABLE_AUTOUPDATE=1",
+        "OPENCODE_DIRECT_TRACE=1",
+        process.execPath,
+        "--conditions=browser",
+        "--preload=@opentui/solid/preload",
+        path.join(root, "packages/cli/src/index.ts"),
+        "mini",
+        "--server",
+        registration.url,
+        "--model",
+        "simulation/gpt-sim-model",
+      ])
+      await tmux(["set-option", "-t", session, "remain-on-exit", "on"])
+
+      const first = await waitForPane(session, "OpenCode")
+      await Bun.write(path.join(snapshots, "01-first-paint.txt"), first)
+      if (first.includes("drive mini response complete")) throw new Error("response rendered before prompt submission")
+
+      await waitForPane(session, "Simulated Model", 15_000)
+      await tmux(["send-keys", "-t", session, "-l", "exercise the mini frontend"])
+      await Bun.sleep(100)
+      await tmux(["send-keys", "-H", "-t", session, "0d"])
+      const completed = await waitForPane(session, "drive mini response complete", 20_000)
+      if (!completed.includes("drive-mini-tool-output")) throw new Error("shell tool output was not rendered")
+      await Bun.write(path.join(snapshots, "02-tool-and-response.txt"), completed)
+
+      await Bun.sleep(500)
+      const resizeOutput = path.join(snapshots, "03-resize-output.ansi")
+      await tmux(["pipe-pane", "-t", session, `cat > ${JSON.stringify(resizeOutput)}`])
+      await tmux(["resize-window", "-t", session, "-x", "72", "-y", "22"])
+      await waitForFile(
+        resizeOutput,
+        (value) => value.includes("drive mini response complete") && value.includes("drive-mini-tool-output"),
+      )
+      await tmux(["pipe-pane", "-t", session])
+      const resized = await captureVisiblePane(session)
+      if (!resized.includes("drive-mini-tool-output")) throw new Error("resize replay lost shell tool output")
+      await Bun.write(path.join(snapshots, "03-resize-replay.txt"), resized)
+
+      llm.queue(
+        llm.toolCall({
+          index: 0,
+          id: "mini-slow-shell",
+          name: "shell",
+          input: { command: "sleep 10" },
+        }),
+        llm.finish("tool-calls"),
+      )
+      await tmux(["send-keys", "-t", session, "-l", "interrupt this turn"])
+      await Bun.sleep(100)
+      await tmux(["send-keys", "-H", "-t", session, "0d"])
+      await waitForPane(session, "$ sleep 10")
+      await tmux(["send-keys", "-t", session, "Escape"])
+      const armed = await waitForPane(session, "again to interrupt")
+      await Bun.write(path.join(snapshots, "04-interrupt-armed.txt"), armed)
+      await tmux(["send-keys", "-t", session, "Escape"])
+      const interrupted = await waitForPane(session, "Step interrupted", 10_000)
+      await Bun.write(path.join(snapshots, "05-interrupted.txt"), interrupted)
+      if (!(await paneAlive(session))) throw new Error("Mini exited while interrupting an active turn")
+
+      await tmux(["send-keys", "-t", session, "C-c"])
+      await waitForPane(session, "Press ctrl+c again to exit")
+      await tmux(["send-keys", "-t", session, "C-c"])
+      await waitForDeadPane(session)
+      const status = await paneDeadStatus(session)
+      if (status !== 0) throw new Error(`Mini exited with status ${status}`)
+      const exited = await capturePane(session)
+      if (!exited.includes("Continue") || !exited.includes("opencode mini -s"))
+        throw new Error("Mini exit splash was not rendered before teardown")
+      await Bun.write(path.join(snapshots, "06-exit-teardown.txt"), exited)
+    } finally {
+      signal.removeEventListener("abort", abort)
+      await tmux(["kill-session", "-t", session], true)
+    }
+  },
+})
+
+/** @param {string[]} args */
+async function tmux(args, allowFailure = false) {
+  const child = Bun.spawn(["tmux", ...args], { stdout: "pipe", stderr: "pipe" })
+  let timedOut = false
+  const timeout = setTimeout(() => {
+    timedOut = true
+    child.kill("SIGKILL")
+  }, 5_000)
+  const [status, stdout, stderr] = await Promise.all([
+    child.exited,
+    new Response(child.stdout).text(),
+    new Response(child.stderr).text(),
+  ])
+  clearTimeout(timeout)
+  if (timedOut) throw new Error(`tmux ${args[0]} timed out`)
+  if (status !== 0 && !allowFailure) throw new Error(`tmux ${args[0]} failed: ${stderr || stdout}`)
+  return stdout
+}
+
+/** @param {string} session */
+function capturePane(session) {
+  return tmux(["capture-pane", "-p", "-t", session, "-S", "-"])
+}
+
+/** @param {string} session */
+function captureVisiblePane(session) {
+  return tmux(["capture-pane", "-p", "-t", session])
+}
+
+/** @param {string} session */
+async function paneAlive(session) {
+  return (await tmux(["display-message", "-p", "-t", session, "#{pane_dead}"], true)).trim() === "0"
+}
+
+/** @param {string} session */
+async function paneDeadStatus(session) {
+  return Number((await tmux(["display-message", "-p", "-t", session, "#{pane_dead_status}"])).trim())
+}
+
+/**
+ * @param {string} session
+ * @param {string} text
+ * @param {number} [timeout]
+ * @param {(() => Promise<void>) | undefined} [trigger]
+ */
+async function waitForPane(session, text, timeout = 5_000, trigger) {
+  const deadline = Date.now() + timeout
+  let last = ""
+  while (Date.now() < deadline) {
+    await trigger?.()
+    last = await capturePane(session)
+    if (last.includes(text)) return last
+    if (!(await paneAlive(session))) throw new Error(`Mini exited before rendering ${JSON.stringify(text)}:\n${last}`)
+    await Bun.sleep(50)
+  }
+  throw new Error(`Timed out waiting for ${JSON.stringify(text)}:\n${last}`)
+}
+
+/** @param {string} session */
+async function waitForDeadPane(session) {
+  for (let attempt = 0; attempt < 100; attempt++) {
+    if (!(await paneAlive(session))) return
+    await Bun.sleep(50)
+  }
+  throw new Error("Mini did not tear down after the exit sequence")
+}
+
+/**
+ * @param {string} file
+ * @param {(value: string) => boolean} accept
+ */
+async function waitForFile(file, accept) {
+  let value = ""
+  for (let attempt = 0; attempt < 100; attempt++) {
+    value = await Bun.file(file)
+      .text()
+      .catch(() => "")
+    if (accept(value)) return value
+    await Bun.sleep(50)
+  }
+  throw new Error("resize did not replay committed transcript output")
+}
+
+/** @param {string} artifacts */
+async function configureServicePort(artifacts) {
+  const probe = Bun.serve({ hostname: "127.0.0.1", port: 0, fetch: () => new Response() })
+  const port = probe.port
+  await probe.stop(true)
+  if (!port) throw new Error("Failed to allocate a Drive service port")
+  const file = path.join(artifacts, "files/.opencode/service-local.json")
+  await mkdir(path.dirname(file), { recursive: true })
+  await Bun.write(file, JSON.stringify({ port }))
+}
+
+/** @param {string} artifacts */
+async function serviceRegistration(artifacts) {
+  const directory = path.join(artifacts, "home/.local/state/opencode")
+  for (let attempt = 0; attempt < 200; attempt++) {
+    for (const name of ["service-local.json", "service.json"]) {
+      const value = await Bun.file(path.join(directory, name))
+        .json()
+        .catch(() => undefined)
+      if (isRegistration(value)) return value
+    }
+    await Bun.sleep(50)
+  }
+  throw new Error("Drive service registration was not written")
+}
+
+/** @param {unknown} value */
+function isRegistration(value) {
+  return (
+    typeof value === "object" &&
+    value !== null &&
+    "url" in value &&
+    typeof value.url === "string" &&
+    "password" in value &&
+    typeof value.password === "string"
+  )
+}

packages/cli/test/drive/run-smoke.drive.mjs

@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+import { defineScript } from "opencode-drive"
+import { mkdir } from "node:fs/promises"
+import path from "node:path"
+
+export default defineScript({
+  launch: "manual",
+  setup({ config }) {
+    config.autoupdate = false
+  },
+  async run({ artifacts, llm, server }) {
+    await configureServicePort(artifacts)
+    llm.queue(llm.text("drive noninteractive smoke ok"))
+    await server.launch()
+
+    const registration = await serviceRegistration(artifacts)
+    const root = path.resolve(import.meta.dir, "../../../..")
+    const directory = path.join(artifacts, "files")
+    const child = Bun.spawn(
+      [
+        process.execPath,
+        path.join(root, "packages/cli/src/index.ts"),
+        "run",
+        "--server",
+        registration.url,
+        "drive smoke",
+      ],
+      {
+        cwd: path.join(root, "packages/cli"),
+        env: {
+          ...process.env,
+          PWD: directory,
+          OPENCODE_PASSWORD: registration.password,
+          OPENCODE_CONFIG_DIR: path.join(directory, ".opencode"),
+          OPENCODE_DISABLE_AUTOUPDATE: "1",
+        },
+        stdin: "ignore",
+        stdout: "pipe",
+        stderr: "pipe",
+      },
+    )
+    const [exitCode, stdout, stderr] = await Promise.all([
+      child.exited,
+      new Response(child.stdout).text(),
+      new Response(child.stderr).text(),
+    ])
+    if (exitCode !== 0) throw new Error(`run exited ${exitCode}: ${stderr}`)
+    if (stdout !== "drive noninteractive smoke ok\n") throw new Error(`unexpected run output: ${stdout}`)
+  },
+})
+
+/** @param {string} artifacts */
+async function configureServicePort(artifacts) {
+  const probe = Bun.serve({ hostname: "127.0.0.1", port: 0, fetch: () => new Response() })
+  const port = probe.port
+  await probe.stop(true)
+  if (!port) throw new Error("Failed to allocate a Drive service port")
+  const file = path.join(artifacts, "files/.opencode/service-local.json")
+  await mkdir(path.dirname(file), { recursive: true })
+  await Bun.write(file, JSON.stringify({ port }))
+}
+
+/** @param {string} artifacts */
+async function serviceRegistration(artifacts) {
+  const directory = path.join(artifacts, "home/.local/state/opencode")
+  for (let attempt = 0; attempt < 200; attempt++) {
+    for (const name of ["service-local.json", "service.json"]) {
+      const value = await Bun.file(path.join(directory, name))
+        .json()
+        .catch(() => undefined)
+      if (isRegistration(value)) return value
+    }
+    await Bun.sleep(50)
+  }
+  throw new Error("Drive service registration was not written")
+}
+
+/** @param {unknown} value */
+function isRegistration(value) {
+  return (
+    typeof value === "object" &&
+    value !== null &&
+    "url" in value &&
+    typeof value.url === "string" &&
+    "password" in value &&
+    typeof value.password === "string"
+  )
+}

packages/cli/test/import-boundaries.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+import { describe, expect, test } from "bun:test"
+import { mkdtemp, rm } from "node:fs/promises"
+import path from "node:path"
+
+const root = path.resolve(import.meta.dir, "../../..")
+
+describe("CLI frontend import boundaries", () => {
+  test("exposes only the intentional package entrypoints", async () => {
+    const run = await import("@opencode-ai/cli/run")
+    const mini = await import("@opencode-ai/tui/mini")
+    const cli = await Bun.file(path.join(root, "packages/cli/package.json")).json()
+
+    expect(Object.keys(run).sort()).toEqual(["runNonInteractive", "runV1Bridge"])
+    expect(Object.keys(mini).sort()).toEqual(["runMiniFrontend"])
+    expect(Object.keys(cli.exports).filter((key) => key === "./mini" || key.startsWith("./mini/"))).toEqual([])
+  })
+
+  test("keeps run and Mini on separate evaluation graphs", async () => {
+    const run = await bundleInputs("packages/cli/src/commands/handlers/run.ts")
+    expect(run).toContain("packages/cli/src/run/run.ts")
+    expect(run).toContain("packages/tui/src/mini/tool.ts")
+    expect(run).not.toContain("packages/tui/src/mini/runtime.ts")
+    expect(run).not.toContain("packages/tui/src/mini/runtime.lifecycle.ts")
+    expect(run).not.toContain("packages/tui/src/mini/footer.ts")
+    expect(run).not.toContain("packages/tui/src/mini/scrollback.surface.ts")
+    expect(run).not.toContain("packages/tui/src/runtime.tsx")
+
+    const mini = await bundleInputs("packages/cli/src/commands/handlers/mini.ts")
+    expect(mini).toContain("packages/cli/src/mini.ts")
+    expect(mini).toContain("packages/tui/src/mini/index.ts")
+    expect(mini).toContain("packages/tui/src/mini/runtime.ts")
+    expect(mini).not.toContain("packages/cli/src/run/run.ts")
+    expect(mini).not.toContain("packages/cli/src/run/noninteractive.ts")
+    expect(mini).not.toContain("packages/cli/src/run/ui.ts")
+    expect(mini).not.toContain("packages/tui/src/runtime.tsx")
+  })
+
+  test("keeps TUI Mini independent from Core, Server, and CLI", async () => {
+    const glob = new Bun.Glob("**/*.{ts,tsx}")
+    const imports: string[] = []
+    for await (const file of glob.scan({ cwd: path.join(root, "packages/tui/src/mini") })) {
+      const source = await Bun.file(path.join(root, "packages/tui/src/mini", file)).text()
+      if (/["']@opencode-ai\/(?:core|server|cli)(?:\/[^"']*)?["']/.test(source)) imports.push(file)
+    }
+    expect(imports).toEqual([])
+
+    const graph = await bundleInputs("packages/tui/src/mini/index.ts")
+    expect(graph.filter((file) => file.startsWith("packages/core/"))).toEqual([])
+    expect(graph.filter((file) => file.startsWith("packages/cli/") || file.startsWith("packages/server/"))).toEqual([])
+  })
+})
+
+async function bundleInputs(entrypoint: string) {
+  const temporary = await mkdtemp(path.join(import.meta.dir, ".import-boundary-"))
+  const metafile = path.join(temporary, "meta.json")
+  try {
+    const child = Bun.spawn(
+      [
+        process.execPath,
+        "build",
+        entrypoint,
+        "--target=bun",
+        "--format=esm",
+        "--packages=bundle",
+        "--external=@opentui/core-*",
+        `--metafile=${metafile}`,
+        `--outdir=${path.join(temporary, "out")}`,
+      ],
+      { cwd: root, stdout: "pipe", stderr: "pipe" },
+    )
+    const [exitCode, stdout, stderr] = await Promise.all([
+      child.exited,
+      new Response(child.stdout).text(),
+      new Response(child.stderr).text(),
+    ])
+    if (exitCode !== 0) throw new Error(stdout + stderr)
+    const metadata = await Bun.file(metafile).json()
+    return Object.keys(metadata.inputs).map((input) =>
+      path.relative(root, path.resolve(root, input)).replaceAll(path.sep, "/"),
+    )
+  } finally {
+    await rm(temporary, { recursive: true, force: true })
+  }
+}

packages/cli/test/mini-host.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,193 @@
+import { afterEach, describe, expect, test } from "bun:test"
+import { mkdtemp, rm } from "node:fs/promises"
+import path from "node:path"
+import { Readable } from "node:stream"
+import { pathToFileURL } from "node:url"
+import {
+  createMiniHost,
+  INTERACTIVE_INPUT_ERROR,
+  resolveInteractiveStdin,
+  type InteractiveStdin,
+  usingInteractiveStdin,
+} from "../src/mini-host"
+
+const temporary: string[] = []
+const model = { providerID: "openai", modelID: "gpt-5" }
+
+function stream(isTTY: boolean) {
+  return Object.assign(new Readable({ read() {} }), { isTTY }) as NodeJS.ReadStream
+}
+
+async function root() {
+  const directory = await mkdtemp(path.join(import.meta.dir, ".mini-host-"))
+  temporary.push(directory)
+  return directory
+}
+
+function host(terminal: InteractiveStdin, directory: string) {
+  return createMiniHost({
+    terminal,
+    directory,
+    paths: { home: directory, state: directory, log: directory },
+  })
+}
+
+afterEach(async () => {
+  await Promise.all(temporary.splice(0).map((directory) => rm(directory, { recursive: true, force: true })))
+})
+
+describe("Mini CLI host", () => {
+  test("reuses tty stdin without taking ownership", () => {
+    const stdin = stream(true)
+    const seen: string[] = []
+    const terminal = resolveInteractiveStdin(
+      stdin,
+      (target) => {
+        seen.push(target)
+        return stream(true)
+      },
+      "linux",
+    )
+
+    expect(terminal.stdin).toBe(stdin)
+    terminal.cleanup()
+    expect(stdin.destroyed).toBe(false)
+    expect(seen).toEqual([])
+  })
+
+  test("opens and cleans the controlling terminal exactly once for piped stdin", () => {
+    const tty = stream(true)
+    const seen: string[] = []
+    let destroys = 0
+    const destroy = tty.destroy.bind(tty)
+    tty.destroy = ((...args: Parameters<typeof tty.destroy>) => {
+      destroys++
+      return destroy(...args)
+    }) as typeof tty.destroy
+    const terminal = resolveInteractiveStdin(
+      stream(false),
+      (target) => {
+        seen.push(target)
+        return tty
+      },
+      "linux",
+    )
+
+    terminal.cleanup()
+    terminal.cleanup()
+    expect(seen).toEqual(["/dev/tty"])
+    expect(destroys).toBe(1)
+  })
+
+  test("uses the platform terminal and reports acquisition failures", () => {
+    const seen: string[] = []
+    resolveInteractiveStdin(
+      stream(false),
+      (target) => {
+        seen.push(target)
+        return stream(true)
+      },
+      "win32",
+    ).cleanup()
+    expect(seen).toEqual(["CONIN$"])
+    expect(() =>
+      resolveInteractiveStdin(
+        stream(false),
+        () => {
+          throw new Error("open failed")
+        },
+        "linux",
+      ),
+    ).toThrow(INTERACTIVE_INPUT_ERROR)
+  })
+
+  test("cleans the controlling terminal when hosted frontend startup fails", async () => {
+    let cleaned = 0
+    const order: string[] = []
+    const terminal = {
+      stdin: stream(true),
+      cleanup() {
+        order.push("cleanup")
+        cleaned++
+      },
+    }
+
+    await expect(
+      usingInteractiveStdin(
+        async () => {
+          order.push("run")
+          throw new Error("frontend failed")
+        },
+        () => {
+          order.push("terminal")
+          return terminal
+        },
+      ),
+    ).rejects.toThrow("frontend failed")
+    expect(cleaned).toBe(1)
+    expect(order).toEqual(["terminal", "run", "cleanup"])
+  })
+
+  test("subscribes and unsubscribes process signals through host capabilities", async () => {
+    const input = host({ stdin: stream(true), cleanup() {} }, await root())
+    const sigint = process.listenerCount("SIGINT")
+    const sigusr2 = process.listenerCount("SIGUSR2")
+    const offInt = input.signals.sigint.subscribe(() => {})
+    const offTheme = input.signals.sigusr2.subscribe(() => {})
+
+    expect(process.listenerCount("SIGINT")).toBe(sigint + 1)
+    expect(process.listenerCount("SIGUSR2")).toBe(sigusr2 + 1)
+    offInt()
+    offInt()
+    offTheme()
+    offTheme()
+    expect(process.listenerCount("SIGINT")).toBe(sigint)
+    expect(process.listenerCount("SIGUSR2")).toBe(sigusr2)
+  })
+
+  test("passes paths, platform, timing, and diagnostic context", async () => {
+    const directory = await root()
+    const input = host({ stdin: stream(true), cleanup() {} }, directory)
+
+    expect(input.paths).toEqual({ home: directory, state: directory, log: directory })
+    expect(input.platform).toBe(process.platform)
+    expect(typeof input.files.readText).toBe("function")
+    const file = path.join(directory, "attachment.txt")
+    await Bun.write(file, "attachment contents")
+    expect(await input.files.readText(pathToFileURL(file).href)).toBe("attachment contents")
+    expect(typeof input.startup.showTiming).toBe("boolean")
+    expect(typeof input.startup.now()).toBe("number")
+    expect(input.diagnostics).toMatchObject({ pid: process.pid, cwd: directory })
+  })
+
+  test("merges, clears, and repairs persisted model variants", async () => {
+    const directory = await root()
+    const input = host({ stdin: stream(true), cleanup() {} }, directory)
+    const file = path.join(directory, "model.json")
+    await Bun.write(
+      file,
+      JSON.stringify({
+        recent: [{ providerID: "anthropic", modelID: "sonnet" }],
+        variant: { "openai/gpt-4.1": "low", invalid: 42 },
+      }),
+    )
+
+    await input.preferences.saveVariant(model, "high")
+    expect(await input.preferences.resolveVariant(model)).toBe("high")
+    expect(await Bun.file(file).json()).toEqual({
+      recent: [{ providerID: "anthropic", modelID: "sonnet" }],
+      variant: { "openai/gpt-4.1": "low", "openai/gpt-5": "high" },
+    })
+
+    await input.preferences.saveVariant(model, undefined)
+    expect(await input.preferences.resolveVariant(model)).toBeUndefined()
+    expect(await Bun.file(file).json()).toEqual({
+      recent: [{ providerID: "anthropic", modelID: "sonnet" }],
+      variant: { "openai/gpt-4.1": "low" },
+    })
+
+    await Bun.write(file, "{")
+    await input.preferences.saveVariant(model, "high")
+    expect(await Bun.file(file).json()).toEqual({ variant: { "openai/gpt-5": "high" } })
+  })
+})

packages/cli/test/mini.test.ts

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 import { describe, expect, test } from "bun:test"
 import { InstallationVersion } from "@opencode-ai/core/installation/version"
 import path from "node:path"
-import { mergeInteractiveInput, mergeNonInteractiveInput, parseRunModel, pickRunModel } from "../src/mini"
-import { toolInlineInfo, toolView } from "../src/mini/tool"
+import { mergeInput as mergeInteractiveInput } from "../src/mini"
+import { mergeInput as mergeNonInteractiveInput, parseRunModel, pickRunModel } from "../src/run/run"
 
 async function cli(args: string[]) {
   const child = Bun.spawn([process.execPath, "run", "src/index.ts", ...args], {
@@ -19,29 +19,12 @@ async function cli(args: string[]) {
 }
 
 describe("mini command", () => {
-  test("renders the renamed shell tool with the shell rule", () => {
-    const part = {
-      id: "part-shell",
-      sessionID: "session-shell",
-      messageID: "message-shell",
-      callID: "call-shell",
-      tool: "shell",
-      state: {
-        status: "pending" as const,
-        input: { command: "pwd" },
-      },
-    } as const
-
-    expect(toolView(part.tool)).toEqual({ output: true, final: false })
-    expect(toolInlineInfo(part)).toMatchObject({ icon: "$", title: "pwd", mode: "block" })
-  })
-
   test("uses piped stdin as the initial prompt", () => {
     expect(mergeInteractiveInput("from stdin", undefined)).toBe("from stdin")
     expect(mergeInteractiveInput("from stdin", "from flag")).toBe("from stdin\nfrom flag")
   })
 
-  test("keeps run as mini's non-interactive input mode", () => {
+  test("merges non-interactive argument and stdin input", () => {
     expect(mergeNonInteractiveInput("from args", "from stdin")).toBe("from args\nfrom stdin")
     expect(mergeNonInteractiveInput(undefined, "from stdin")).toBe("from stdin")
   })
@@ -110,14 +93,7 @@ describe("mini command", () => {
     })
 
     try {
-      const result = await cli([
-        "run",
-        "--server",
-        server.url.toString(),
-        "--model",
-        "definitely/missing",
-        "hi",
-      ])
+      const result = await cli(["run", "--server", server.url.toString(), "--model", "definitely/missing", "hi"])
 
       expect(result.exitCode).toBe(1)
       expect(result.stderr).toContain("Model unavailable: definitely/missing")

packages/cli/test/run/noninteractive.test.ts

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { afterEach, describe, expect, mock, spyOn, test } from "bun:test"
 import { OpenCode, type EventSubscribeOutput } from "@opencode-ai/client/promise"
-import { runNonInteractivePrompt } from "@opencode-ai/cli/mini/noninteractive"
+import { runNonInteractivePrompt } from "../../src/run/noninteractive"
 
 type V2Event = EventSubscribeOutput
 type FormInfo = Extract<V2Event, { type: "form.created" }>["data"]["form"]
@@ -50,9 +50,57 @@ function settled(outcome: "success" | "interrupted" = "success"): V2Event {
   }
 }
 
+function stepStarted(): V2Event {
+  return {
+    id: "evt_step_started",
+    created: 1,
+    type: "session.step.started",
+    durable: { aggregateID: "ses_1", seq: 1, version: 1 },
+    data: {
+      sessionID: "ses_1",
+      assistantMessageID: "msg_assistant",
+      agent: "build",
+      model: { providerID: "test", id: "test-model" },
+    },
+  }
+}
+
+function stepFailed(message: string): V2Event {
+  return {
+    id: "evt_step_failed",
+    created: 2,
+    type: "session.step.failed",
+    durable: { aggregateID: "ses_1", seq: 2, version: 1 },
+    data: {
+      sessionID: "ses_1",
+      assistantMessageID: "msg_assistant",
+      error: { type: "provider.transport", message },
+    },
+  }
+}
+
+function executionFailed(message: string): V2Event {
+  return {
+    id: "evt_execution_failed",
+    created: 3,
+    type: "session.execution.failed",
+    durable: { aggregateID: "ses_1", seq: 3, version: 1 },
+    data: {
+      sessionID: "ses_1",
+      error: { type: "provider.transport", message },
+    },
+  }
+}
+
 // Runs one non-interactive prompt against a mocked SDK. `turn` produces the
 // live events the prompt admission triggers, keyed by the generated message ID.
-async function run(input: { turn: (inputID: string) => V2Event[]; pendingForms?: FormInfo[]; attached?: boolean }) {
+async function run(input: {
+  turn: (inputID: string) => V2Event[]
+  pendingForms?: FormInfo[]
+  attached?: boolean
+  format?: "default" | "json"
+  compatibility?: "v1"
+}) {
   const sdk = OpenCode.make({ baseUrl: "https://opencode.test" })
   const values: V2Event[] = [{ id: "evt_connected", type: "server.connected", data: {} }]
   let wake: (() => void) | undefined
@@ -88,15 +136,38 @@ async function run(input: { turn: (inputID: string) => V2Event[]; pendingForms?:
     message: "hello",
     files: [],
     thinking: false,
-    format: "default",
+    format: input.format ?? "default",
     auto: false,
     attached: input.attached ?? false,
+    compatibility: input.compatibility,
     renderTool: () => Promise.resolve(),
     renderToolError: () => Promise.resolve(),
   })
   return sdk
 }
 
+async function capture(input: Parameters<typeof run>[0]) {
+  const stdout: string[] = []
+  const stderr: string[] = []
+  const exitCode = process.exitCode
+  const stdoutWrite = spyOn(process.stdout, "write").mockImplementation((chunk) => {
+    stdout.push(String(chunk))
+    return true
+  })
+  const stderrWrite = spyOn(process.stderr, "write").mockImplementation((chunk) => {
+    stderr.push(String(chunk))
+    return true
+  })
+  try {
+    await run(input)
+    return { stdout: stdout.join(""), stderr: stderr.join("") }
+  } finally {
+    process.exitCode = exitCode ?? 0
+    stdoutWrite.mockRestore()
+    stderrWrite.mockRestore()
+  }
+}
+
 afterEach(() => {
   mock.restore()
 })
@@ -125,4 +196,58 @@ describe("runNonInteractivePrompt", () => {
     expect(sdk.form.cancel).not.toHaveBeenCalledWith({ sessionID: "global", formID: "frm_live" })
     expect(sdk.form.cancel).not.toHaveBeenCalledWith({ sessionID: "global", formID: "frm_pending_global" })
   })
+
+  test("V1 JSON output flushes step_start before an unrelated step failure", async () => {
+    const output = await capture({
+      compatibility: "v1",
+      format: "json",
+      turn: (messageID) => [
+        prompted(messageID),
+        stepStarted(),
+        stepFailed("Provider request failed"),
+        executionFailed("Provider request failed"),
+      ],
+    })
+
+    expect(
+      output.stdout
+        .split("\n")
+        .filter(Boolean)
+        .map((line) => JSON.parse(line)),
+    ).toEqual([
+      expect.objectContaining({ type: "step_start", part: expect.objectContaining({ type: "step-start" }) }),
+      expect.objectContaining({
+        type: "error",
+        error: { type: "provider.transport", message: "Provider request failed" },
+      }),
+    ])
+    expect(output.stderr).toBe("")
+  })
+
+  test("V1 default output flushes step_start before an unrelated execution failure", async () => {
+    const output = await capture({
+      compatibility: "v1",
+      turn: (messageID) => [prompted(messageID), stepStarted(), executionFailed("Execution failed")],
+    })
+
+    expect(output.stdout).toBe("")
+    expect(output.stderr).toContain("> build · test-model")
+    expect(output.stderr).toContain("Error: \u001b[0mExecution failed")
+    expect(output.stderr.indexOf("> build · test-model")).toBeLessThan(output.stderr.indexOf("Execution failed"))
+  })
+
+  test("V1 preserves terminal-finish failure suppression before content", async () => {
+    const output = await capture({
+      compatibility: "v1",
+      format: "json",
+      turn: (messageID) => [
+        prompted(messageID),
+        stepStarted(),
+        stepFailed("Provider stream ended without a terminal finish event"),
+        executionFailed("Provider stream ended without a terminal finish event"),
+      ],
+    })
+
+    expect(output).toEqual({ stdout: "", stderr: "" })
+  })
 })

packages/cli/test/service.test.ts

@@ -1,9 +1,10 @@
 import { NodeFileSystem } from "@effect/platform-node"
-import { Service } from "@opencode-ai/client/effect/service"
+import { Service, type Info } from "@opencode-ai/client/effect/service"
 import { Database } from "@opencode-ai/core/database/database"
 import { EventV2 } from "@opencode-ai/core/event"
 import { EventTable } from "@opencode-ai/core/event/sql"
 import { Global } from "@opencode-ai/core/global"
+import { InstallationVersion } from "@opencode-ai/core/installation/version"
 import { Project } from "@opencode-ai/core/project"
 import { ProjectTable } from "@opencode-ai/core/project/sql"
 import { AbsolutePath } from "@opencode-ai/core/schema"
@@ -17,6 +18,13 @@ import os from "node:os"
 import path from "node:path"
 import { ServiceConfig } from "../src/services/service-config"
 
+test("managed service ports are stable per installation channel", () => {
+  expect(ServiceConfig.defaultPort("latest")).toBe(0xc0de)
+  expect(ServiceConfig.defaultPort("local")).toBe(0xc0df)
+  expect(ServiceConfig.defaultPort("preview-a")).toBe(ServiceConfig.defaultPort("preview-a"))
+  expect(ServiceConfig.defaultPort("preview-a")).not.toBe(ServiceConfig.defaultPort("preview-b"))
+})
+
 test("local channel stores service config with the local service filename", async () => {
   const root = await fs.mkdtemp(path.join(os.tmpdir(), "opencode-service-"))
   try {
@@ -90,6 +98,80 @@ test("preview registration migration never moves stable discovery", async () =>
   }
 })
 
+test("managed service writes its registration once", async () => {
+  const service = await startManagedService("opencode-service-once-")
+  try {
+    const before = await fs.stat(service.registration)
+    await Bun.sleep(6_000)
+    const after = await fs.stat(service.registration)
+    expect(after.ino).toBe(before.ino)
+    expect(after.mtimeMs).toBe(before.mtimeMs)
+    expect(await Bun.file(service.registration).json()).toEqual(service.info)
+  } finally {
+    await stopManagedService(service)
+  }
+}, 30_000)
+
+test("deleting a managed service registration stops its owner", async () => {
+  const service = await startManagedService("opencode-service-delete-")
+  try {
+    await fs.rm(service.registration)
+    expect(await waitForExit(service.owner)).toBe(true)
+    expect(await Bun.file(service.registration).exists()).toBe(false)
+    await expectPortAvailable(service.port)
+  } finally {
+    await stopManagedService(service)
+  }
+}, 30_000)
+
+test("deleting a failed service registration stops its owner", async () => {
+  const service = await startManagedService("opencode-service-failed-delete-", true)
+  try {
+    await waitForFailed(service.info)
+    await fs.rm(service.registration)
+    expect(await waitForExit(service.owner)).toBe(true)
+    await expectPortAvailable(service.port)
+  } finally {
+    await stopManagedService(service)
+  }
+}, 30_000)
+
+test("corrupting a managed service registration stops its owner", async () => {
+  const service = await startManagedService("opencode-service-corrupt-")
+  try {
+    await fs.writeFile(service.registration, "not-json")
+    expect(await waitForExit(service.owner)).toBe(true)
+    expect(await Bun.file(service.registration).text()).toBe("not-json")
+    await expectPortAvailable(service.port)
+  } finally {
+    await stopManagedService(service)
+  }
+}, 30_000)
+
+test("replacing a managed service registration stops its owner and preserves the foreign owner", async () => {
+  const service = await startManagedService("opencode-service-foreign-")
+  const foreign = { ...service.info, id: "foreign-owner", pid: process.pid }
+  try {
+    await fs.writeFile(service.registration, JSON.stringify(foreign))
+    expect(await waitForExit(service.owner)).toBe(true)
+    expect(await Bun.file(service.registration).json()).toEqual(foreign)
+    await expectPortAvailable(service.port)
+  } finally {
+    await stopManagedService(service)
+  }
+}, 30_000)
+
+test("clean managed service shutdown removes its registration", async () => {
+  const service = await startManagedService("opencode-service-clean-")
+  try {
+    await Effect.runPromise(Service.stop({ file: service.registration }).pipe(Effect.provide(NodeFileSystem.layer)))
+    expect(await waitForExit(service.owner)).toBe(true)
+    expect(await Bun.file(service.registration).exists()).toBe(false)
+  } finally {
+    await stopManagedService(service)
+  }
+}, 30_000)
+
 test("concurrent service processes elect one server", async () => {
   const root = await fs.mkdtemp(path.join(os.tmpdir(), "opencode-service-election-"))
   const database = path.join(root, "opencode.db")
@@ -130,18 +212,34 @@ test("concurrent service processes elect one server", async () => {
   )
   const command = [process.execPath, path.join(import.meta.dir, "../src/index.ts"), "serve", "--service"]
   const registration = path.join(root, "state", "opencode", "service-local.json")
-  const processes = Array.from({ length: 10 }, () => Bun.spawn(command, { env, stderr: "pipe", stdout: "ignore" }))
+  const port = await availablePort()
+  const config = path.join(root, "config", "opencode", "service-local.json")
+  await fs.mkdir(path.join(root, "config", "opencode"), { recursive: true })
+  await fs.writeFile(config, JSON.stringify({ port }))
+  const processes = Array.from({ length: 10 }, () => Bun.spawn(command, { env, stderr: "pipe", stdout: "pipe" }))
 
   try {
     const info = await waitForInfo(registration)
     const winner = processes.find((process) => process.pid === info.pid)
     const losers = processes.filter((process) => process.pid !== info.pid)
     const exited = await Promise.all(
-      losers.map((process) => Promise.race([process.exited.then(() => true), Bun.sleep(10_000).then(() => false)])),
+      losers.map((process) => Promise.race([process.exited.then(() => true), Bun.sleep(60_000).then(() => false)])),
     )
 
     expect(exited).toEqual(losers.map(() => true))
+    const errors = await Promise.all(
+      losers.map(
+        async (process) => (await new Response(process.stdout).text()) + (await new Response(process.stderr).text()),
+      ),
+    )
+    expect(
+      losers.map((process) => process.exitCode),
+      errors.filter(Boolean).join("\n"),
+    ).toEqual(losers.map(() => 0))
     expect(winner?.exitCode).toBe(null)
+    expect(new URL(info.url).port).toBe(String(port))
+    expect((await Bun.file(config).json()).password).toBe(info.password)
+    expect(await Bun.file(registration + ".lock").exists()).toBe(false)
     expect(
       await fetch(new URL("/api/health", info.url), {
         headers: { authorization: "Basic " + btoa(`opencode:${info.password}`) },
@@ -151,20 +249,6 @@ test("concurrent service processes elect one server", async () => {
       version: info.version,
       pid: info.pid,
     })
-    const blockedTemp = registration + "." + info.id + ".tmp"
-    await fs.mkdir(blockedTemp)
-    await fs.rm(registration)
-    await Bun.sleep(6_000)
-    expect(await Bun.file(registration).exists()).toBe(false)
-    await fs.rm(blockedTemp, { recursive: true })
-    const restored = await waitForInfo(registration)
-    expect(restored.id).toBe(info.id)
-    expect(restored.pid).toBe(info.pid)
-    await fs.writeFile(registration, "not-json")
-    const repaired = await waitForInfo(registration)
-    expect(repaired.id).toBe(info.id)
-    expect(repaired.pid).toBe(info.pid)
-
     const contender = Bun.spawn(command, { env, stderr: "pipe", stdout: "ignore" })
     try {
       const contenderExited = await Promise.race([
@@ -172,6 +256,7 @@ test("concurrent service processes elect one server", async () => {
         Bun.sleep(10_000).then(() => false),
       ])
       expect(contenderExited).toBe(true)
+      expect(contender.exitCode).toBe(0)
       expect((await waitForInfo(registration)).id).toBe(info.id)
     } finally {
       contender.kill("SIGTERM")
@@ -193,18 +278,200 @@ test("concurrent service processes elect one server", async () => {
     expect(await waitForExecutionStart(database, sessionID)).toBe(1)
     await Effect.runPromise(Service.stop({ file: registration }).pipe(Effect.provide(NodeFileSystem.layer)))
     await winner?.exited
+    expect(await Bun.file(registration).exists()).toBe(false)
   } finally {
     processes.forEach((process) => process.kill("SIGTERM"))
     await Promise.all(processes.map((process) => process.exited))
-    try {
-      expect(await Bun.file(registration).exists()).toBe(false)
-    } finally {
-      await fs.rm(root, { recursive: true, force: true })
-    }
+    await fs.rm(root, { recursive: true, force: true })
   }
-}, 60_000)
+}, 120_000)
 
-test("a failed service stays registered and owns the lock until stopped", async () => {
+test("configured managed service port overrides the channel default", async () => {
+  const root = await fs.mkdtemp(path.join(os.tmpdir(), "opencode-service-port-"))
+  const port = await availablePort()
+  const env = serviceEnv(root)
+  const registration = path.join(root, "state", "opencode", "service-local.json")
+  const config = path.join(root, "config", "opencode", "service-local.json")
+  await fs.mkdir(path.join(root, "config", "opencode"), { recursive: true })
+  await fs.writeFile(config, JSON.stringify({ port, password: "" }))
+  const owner = Bun.spawn([process.execPath, path.join(import.meta.dir, "../src/index.ts"), "serve", "--service"], {
+    env,
+    stderr: "pipe",
+    stdout: "ignore",
+  })
+  try {
+    const info = await waitForInfo(registration)
+    expect(new URL(info.url).port).toBe(String(port))
+    expect(info.password).not.toBe("")
+    expect((await Bun.file(config).json()).password).toBe(info.password)
+    await Effect.runPromise(Service.stop({ file: registration }).pipe(Effect.provide(NodeFileSystem.layer)))
+    await owner.exited
+  } finally {
+    owner.kill("SIGTERM")
+    await owner.exited
+    await fs.rm(root, { recursive: true, force: true })
+  }
+}, 30_000)
+
+test("unrelated managed port occupancy reports an actionable conflict", async () => {
+  const root = await fs.mkdtemp(path.join(os.tmpdir(), "opencode-service-conflict-"))
+  const listener = Bun.serve({ hostname: "127.0.0.1", port: 0, fetch: () => new Response("unrelated") })
+  const port = listener.port
+  const registration = path.join(root, "state", "opencode", "service-local.json")
+  await fs.mkdir(path.join(root, "config", "opencode"), { recursive: true })
+  await fs.writeFile(path.join(root, "config", "opencode", "service-local.json"), JSON.stringify({ port }))
+  const contender = Bun.spawn([process.execPath, path.join(import.meta.dir, "../src/index.ts"), "serve", "--service"], {
+    env: serviceEnv(root),
+    stderr: "pipe",
+    stdout: "pipe",
+  })
+  try {
+    expect(await contender.exited).not.toBe(0)
+    const output = (await new Response(contender.stdout).text()) + (await new Response(contender.stderr).text())
+    expect(output).toContain(`Managed service port ${port} on 127.0.0.1 is already in use by another process`)
+    expect(output).toContain("opencode service set port <port>")
+    expect(await Bun.file(registration).exists()).toBe(false)
+  } finally {
+    listener.stop(true)
+    contender.kill("SIGTERM")
+    await contender.exited
+    await fs.rm(root, { recursive: true, force: true })
+  }
+}, 30_000)
+
+test("unresponsive managed port occupancy reports a bounded conflict", async () => {
+  const root = await fs.mkdtemp(path.join(os.tmpdir(), "opencode-service-unresponsive-conflict-"))
+  const recognizing = Promise.withResolvers<void>()
+  const requests = { count: 0 }
+  using listener = Bun.serve({
+    hostname: "127.0.0.1",
+    port: 0,
+    fetch() {
+      requests.count += 1
+      if (requests.count === 2) recognizing.resolve()
+      return new Promise<Response>(() => {})
+    },
+  })
+  const registration = path.join(root, "state", "opencode", "service-local.json")
+  await fs.mkdir(path.join(root, "config", "opencode"), { recursive: true })
+  await fs.mkdir(path.dirname(registration), { recursive: true })
+  await fs.writeFile(
+    path.join(root, "config", "opencode", "service-local.json"),
+    JSON.stringify({ port: listener.port }),
+  )
+  const stale = {
+    id: "stale",
+    version: InstallationVersion,
+    url: "http://127.0.0.1:1",
+    pid: process.pid,
+    password: "stale",
+  }
+  await fs.writeFile(registration, JSON.stringify(stale))
+  const contender = Bun.spawn([process.execPath, path.join(import.meta.dir, "../src/index.ts"), "serve", "--service"], {
+    env: serviceEnv(root),
+    stderr: "pipe",
+    stdout: "pipe",
+  })
+
+  try {
+    expect(await Promise.race([recognizing.promise.then(() => true), Bun.sleep(20_000).then(() => false)])).toBe(true)
+    const exitCode = await Promise.race([contender.exited, Bun.sleep(20_000).then(() => undefined)])
+    expect(exitCode).toBe(1)
+    const output = (await new Response(contender.stdout).text()) + (await new Response(contender.stderr).text())
+    expect(output).toContain(`Managed service port ${listener.port} on 127.0.0.1 is already in use by another process`)
+    expect(await Bun.file(registration).json()).toEqual(stale)
+  } finally {
+    contender.kill("SIGTERM")
+    await contender.exited
+    await fs.rm(root, { recursive: true, force: true })
+  }
+}, 45_000)
+
+test("port contender recognizes an incumbent registered during the bind race", async () => {
+  const root = await fs.mkdtemp(path.join(os.tmpdir(), "opencode-service-bind-race-"))
+  const recognizing = Promise.withResolvers<void>()
+  const requests = { count: 0 }
+  using listener = Bun.serve({
+    hostname: "127.0.0.1",
+    port: 0,
+    fetch() {
+      requests.count += 1
+      if (requests.count === 2) recognizing.resolve()
+      return Response.json({ healthy: true, version: InstallationVersion, pid: process.pid }, { status: 503 })
+    },
+  })
+  const registration = path.join(root, "state", "opencode", "service-local.json")
+  const config = path.join(root, "config", "opencode", "service-local.json")
+  await fs.mkdir(path.dirname(config), { recursive: true })
+  await fs.writeFile(config, JSON.stringify({ port: listener.port }))
+  await fs.mkdir(path.dirname(registration), { recursive: true })
+  await fs.writeFile(
+    registration,
+    JSON.stringify({
+      id: "stale",
+      version: InstallationVersion,
+      url: "http://127.0.0.1:1",
+      pid: 2_147_483_647,
+      password: "stale",
+    }),
+  )
+  const contender = Bun.spawn([process.execPath, path.join(import.meta.dir, "../src/index.ts"), "serve", "--service"], {
+    env: serviceEnv(root),
+    stderr: "pipe",
+    stdout: "ignore",
+  })
+
+  try {
+    expect(await Promise.race([recognizing.promise.then(() => true), Bun.sleep(20_000).then(() => false)])).toBe(true)
+    await Bun.sleep(8_000)
+    const info = {
+      id: "incumbent",
+      version: InstallationVersion,
+      url: `http://127.0.0.1:${listener.port}`,
+      pid: process.pid,
+      password: "incumbent",
+    }
+    await fs.writeFile(registration, JSON.stringify(info))
+
+    expect(await Promise.race([contender.exited, Bun.sleep(20_000).then(() => undefined)])).toBe(0)
+    expect(await Bun.file(registration).json()).toEqual(info)
+  } finally {
+    contender.kill("SIGTERM")
+    await contender.exited
+    await fs.rm(root, { recursive: true, force: true })
+  }
+}, 45_000)
+
+test("stale dead registration is replaced after binding the selected port", async () => {
+  const root = await fs.mkdtemp(path.join(os.tmpdir(), "opencode-service-stale-"))
+  const port = await availablePort()
+  const registration = path.join(root, "state", "opencode", "service-local.json")
+  await fs.mkdir(path.join(root, "config", "opencode"), { recursive: true })
+  await fs.mkdir(path.dirname(registration), { recursive: true })
+  await fs.writeFile(path.join(root, "config", "opencode", "service-local.json"), JSON.stringify({ port }))
+  await fs.writeFile(
+    registration,
+    JSON.stringify({ id: "dead", version: "dead", url: `http://127.0.0.1:${port}`, pid: 2_147_483_647 }),
+  )
+  const owner = Bun.spawn([process.execPath, path.join(import.meta.dir, "../src/index.ts"), "serve", "--service"], {
+    env: serviceEnv(root),
+    stderr: "pipe",
+    stdout: "ignore",
+  })
+  try {
+    const info = await waitForInfo(registration, (value) => value.id !== "dead")
+    expect(new URL(info.url).port).toBe(String(port))
+    expect(info.pid).toBe(owner.pid)
+    await Effect.runPromise(Service.stop({ file: registration }).pipe(Effect.provide(NodeFileSystem.layer)))
+    await owner.exited
+  } finally {
+    owner.kill("SIGTERM")
+    await owner.exited
+    await fs.rm(root, { recursive: true, force: true })
+  }
+}, 30_000)
+
+test("a failed service stays registered and owns the selected port until stopped", async () => {
   const root = await fs.mkdtemp(path.join(os.tmpdir(), "opencode-service-failed-"))
   const database = path.join(root, "database")
   await fs.mkdir(database)
@@ -224,10 +491,12 @@ test("a failed service stays registered and owns the lock until stopped", async
 
   try {
     const info = await waitForInfo(registration)
+    await waitForFailed(info)
     expect(owner.exitCode).toBe(null)
 
     const contender = Bun.spawn(command, { env, stderr: "pipe", stdout: "ignore" })
     expect(await Promise.race([contender.exited.then(() => true), Bun.sleep(10_000).then(() => false)])).toBe(true)
+    expect(contender.exitCode).toBe(0)
     expect((await waitForInfo(registration)).id).toBe(info.id)
     expect(owner.exitCode).toBe(null)
 
@@ -275,13 +544,86 @@ function waitForExecutionStart(file: string, sessionID: SessionV2.ID) {
   )
 }
 
-async function waitForInfo(file: string) {
+async function waitForInfo(file: string, accept: (info: Info) => boolean = () => true) {
   for (let attempt = 0; attempt < 400; attempt++) {
     const value = await Bun.file(file)
       .json()
       .catch(() => undefined)
-    if (value !== undefined) return Schema.decodeUnknownPromise(Service.Info)(value)
+    if (value !== undefined) {
+      const info = await Schema.decodeUnknownPromise(Service.Info)(value)
+      if (accept(info)) return info
+    }
     await Bun.sleep(50)
   }
   throw new Error("Timed out waiting for service registration")
 }
+
+async function waitForFailed(info: Info) {
+  for (let attempt = 0; attempt < 400; attempt++) {
+    const status = await fetch(new URL("/api/health", info.url), {
+      headers: { authorization: "Basic " + btoa(`opencode:${info.password}`) },
+    })
+      .then((response) => response.status)
+      .catch(() => undefined)
+    if (status === 500) return
+    await Bun.sleep(50)
+  }
+  throw new Error("Timed out waiting for service boot failure")
+}
+
+async function availablePort() {
+  const server = Bun.serve({ port: 0, fetch: () => new Response() })
+  const port = server.port
+  await server.stop(true)
+  if (port === undefined) throw new Error("Server did not bind a port")
+  return port
+}
+
+function serviceEnv(root: string) {
+  return {
+    ...process.env,
+    HOME: root,
+    OPENCODE_DB: path.join(root, "opencode.db"),
+    OPENCODE_TEST_HOME: root,
+    XDG_CACHE_HOME: path.join(root, "cache"),
+    XDG_CONFIG_HOME: path.join(root, "config"),
+    XDG_DATA_HOME: path.join(root, "data"),
+    XDG_STATE_HOME: path.join(root, "state"),
+  }
+}
+
+async function startManagedService(prefix: string, failBoot = false) {
+  const root = await fs.mkdtemp(path.join(os.tmpdir(), prefix))
+  const port = await availablePort()
+  const registration = path.join(root, "state", "opencode", "service-local.json")
+  await fs.mkdir(path.join(root, "config", "opencode"), { recursive: true })
+  if (failBoot) await fs.mkdir(path.join(root, "database"))
+  await fs.writeFile(path.join(root, "config", "opencode", "service-local.json"), JSON.stringify({ port }))
+  const owner = Bun.spawn([process.execPath, path.join(import.meta.dir, "../src/index.ts"), "serve", "--service"], {
+    env: failBoot ? { ...serviceEnv(root), OPENCODE_DB: path.join(root, "database") } : serviceEnv(root),
+    stderr: "pipe",
+    stdout: "ignore",
+  })
+  const info = await waitForInfo(registration).catch(async (cause) => {
+    owner.kill("SIGTERM")
+    await owner.exited
+    await fs.rm(root, { recursive: true, force: true })
+    throw cause
+  })
+  return { root, port, registration, owner, info }
+}
+
+async function stopManagedService(service: Awaited<ReturnType<typeof startManagedService>>) {
+  service.owner.kill("SIGTERM")
+  await service.owner.exited
+  await fs.rm(service.root, { recursive: true, force: true })
+}
+
+function waitForExit(process: Bun.Subprocess, timeout = 10_000) {
+  return Promise.race([process.exited.then(() => true), Bun.sleep(timeout).then(() => false)])
+}
+
+async function expectPortAvailable(port: number) {
+  const server = Bun.serve({ hostname: "127.0.0.1", port, fetch: () => new Response() })
+  await server.stop(true)
+}

packages/client/src/effect/service.ts

@@ -29,6 +29,17 @@ export const discover = Effect.fn("service.discover")(function* (options: Discov
   return (yield* discoverLocal(options))?.endpoint
 })
 
+/** Recognize an authenticated compatible service bound to an expected URL, including while it starts or fails. */
+export const incumbent = Effect.fn("service.incumbent")(function* (
+  options: DiscoverOptions & { readonly url: string },
+) {
+  const info = yield* read(options.file)
+  const found = info === undefined ? undefined : yield* probe({ ...info, url: options.url })
+  if (found === undefined || found.legacy) return undefined
+  if (options.version !== undefined && found.version !== options.version) return undefined
+  return { endpoint: found.endpoint, state: found.state }
+})
+
 const discoverLocal = Effect.fnUntraced(function* (options: DiscoverOptions) {
   const found = (yield* registered(options.file)).service
   if (found?.state !== "ready") return undefined
@@ -101,8 +112,15 @@ export const ensure = Effect.fn("service.ensure")(function* (options: EnsureOpti
       lastSpawn = Date.now()
     }
     return Option.none<LocalService>()
-  }).pipe(Effect.repeat({ until: Option.isSome, schedule: Schedule.spaced("1 second") }))
-  return Option.getOrThrow(found).endpoint
+  }).pipe(
+    Effect.repeat({
+      until: Option.isSome,
+      schedule: Schedule.max([Schedule.spaced("1 second"), Schedule.recurs(120)]),
+    }),
+  )
+  if (Option.isNone(found))
+    return yield* Effect.fail(new Error("Timed out waiting for the background service to start"))
+  return found.value.endpoint
 })
 
 function contenderFailure(contender: Contender) {
@@ -273,4 +291,4 @@ const requestStop = Effect.fnUntraced(function* (service: LocalService) {
 })
 
 /** Effect-based local service lifecycle operations. */
-export const Service = { discover, ensure, stop, headers, Info }
+export const Service = { discover, incumbent, ensure, stop, headers, Info }

packages/client/src/promise/generated/types.ts

@@ -1276,6 +1276,8 @@ export type SessionStepFailed = {
     error: SessionStructuredError
     cost?: MoneyUSD
     tokens?: TokenUsageInfo
+    snapshot?: string
+    files?: Array<string>
   }
 }
 

packages/client/src/promise/service.ts

@@ -2,13 +2,7 @@ import { readFile } from "node:fs/promises"
 import { spawn, type ChildProcess } from "node:child_process"
 import { homedir } from "node:os"
 import { join } from "node:path"
-import type {
-  DiscoverOptions,
-  Endpoint,
-  Info,
-  EnsureOptions,
-  StopOptions,
-} from "../service.js"
+import type { DiscoverOptions, Endpoint, Info, EnsureOptions, StopOptions } from "../service.js"
 import type { ServiceHealth, ServiceStopResponse } from "./generated/types.js"
 
 export * from "../service.js"
@@ -38,6 +32,7 @@ async function discoverLocal(options: DiscoverOptions) {
 
 /** Ensure a healthy, compatible local service is running. */
 export async function ensure(options: EnsureOptions = {}): Promise<Endpoint> {
+  const deadline = Date.now() + 120_000
   const contenders = new Set<Contender>()
   let announced = false
   let lastSpawn = 0
@@ -66,6 +61,7 @@ export async function ensure(options: EnsureOptions = {}): Promise<Endpoint> {
   }
 
   while (true) {
+    if (Date.now() >= deadline) throw new Error("Timed out waiting for the background service to start")
     const registration = await registered(options.file, true)
 
     if (registration.service !== undefined) {
@@ -128,7 +124,9 @@ function fallback() {
 /** Create HTTP authentication headers for a service endpoint. */
 export function headers(endpoint: Endpoint) {
   if (endpoint.auth === undefined) return undefined
-  return { authorization: "Basic " + Buffer.from(endpoint.auth.username + ":" + endpoint.auth.password).toString("base64") }
+  return {
+    authorization: "Basic " + Buffer.from(endpoint.auth.username + ":" + endpoint.auth.password).toString("base64"),
+  }
 }
 
 async function read(file?: string) {
@@ -227,7 +225,8 @@ async function kill(service: LocalService, options: { readonly file?: string })
   const latest = await find(options)
   if (latest === undefined || !same(latest.info, service.info)) return
   signal(service.info.pid, "SIGKILL")
-  if (!(await waitUntilStopped(service.info.pid))) throw new Error(`Server process ${service.info.pid} is still running`)
+  if (!(await waitUntilStopped(service.info.pid)))
+    throw new Error(`Server process ${service.info.pid} is still running`)
 }
 
 async function requestStop(service: LocalService) {

packages/codemode/README.md

@@ -108,7 +108,9 @@ const runtime = CodeMode.make({ tools: { opencode: api.tools } })
 
 It is synchronous and returns `{ tools, skipped }`: operations with unsupported encodings, non-JSON bodies, binary
 responses, or streaming land in `skipped` instead of producing broken tools. Auth is resolved host-side and never
-model-visible; generated tools require `HttpClient.HttpClient` in the environment. See the option docstrings in
+model-visible; generated tools require `HttpClient.HttpClient` in the environment. `readOnly` properties are omitted
+from request signatures and `writeOnly` properties from response signatures. These JSON Schemas are model-facing, not
+runtime filters: nested value bodies and server responses pass through unchanged. See the option docstrings in
 `src/openapi/types.ts` for full semantics.
 
 ## Outputs

packages/codemode/interpreter-support.md

@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ ultimate source of truth.
 - [x] Top-level `await` and `return` through the program's implicit async-function scope.
 - [x] Explicit `return`, final top-level expression as a REPL-style result, and `null` when no value is produced.
 - [x] Program results use JSON-like boundaries, with `undefined` and non-finite numbers normalized to `null`. Tool
-      arguments remain subject to their schema and the outbound-handling gap listed below.
+      arguments follow JSON serialization semantics before their schema applies (see the tools section).
 - [x] Live Date, RegExp, Map, Set, URL, and URLSearchParams values inside CodeMode.
 - [x] Tool calls through the host-provided `tools` tree only.
 - [x] The global `search(...)` built-in: synchronous tool discovery that counts as an admitted tool call and is
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ ultimate source of truth.
 - [x] Expression and block function bodies.
 - [x] User callbacks for the supported Array, Map, Set, URLSearchParams, sort, string-replacement, and `Array.from`
       mapper APIs, with one shared acceptance rule everywhere including promise reactions.
-- [x] `Boolean`, `Number`, `String`, `parseInt`, `parseFloat`, and URI helpers as callbacks.
+- [x] `Boolean`, `Number`, `String`, `parseInt`, `parseFloat`, `isFinite`, `isNaN`, and URI helpers as callbacks.
 - [x] Built-in method references as callbacks, such as `values.map(Math.abs)`, `records.map(JSON.stringify)`,
       `items.forEach(console.log)`, and `Promise.resolve(-1).then(Math.abs)`. Extra callback arguments a built-in
       does not consume are ignored, like JS; consumed arguments stay strictly validated (`Math.floor` still rejects a
@@ -157,8 +157,11 @@ ultimate source of truth.
 - [x] Dotted tool names are canonicalized into namespace paths; a path can be both callable and a namespace, and the
       last definition supplied for a canonical path wins.
 - [x] Tool path segments may be named `constructor`, `prototype`, or `__proto__` because paths use inert Map keys.
-- [ ] Reject `undefined` and non-finite numbers in outbound tool arguments before render-only and OpenAPI tools run;
-      retain null normalization for program results and JSON serialization.
+- [x] Outbound tool arguments follow JSON serialization semantics, like `JSON.stringify`: object properties with
+      `undefined` values are dropped, `undefined` array elements and non-finite numbers become `null`, and sparse
+      arrays densify. Tools never receive `undefined` inside their input object, though a bare `tools.t(undefined)`
+      argument still reaches schema decoding as `undefined`. Program results keep the stricter
+      normalization where every `undefined` becomes `null`.
 - [ ] Tokenize and case-fold non-ASCII tool paths, descriptions, and queries for tool search.
 
 ## Objects and properties
@@ -210,9 +213,12 @@ ultimate source of truth.
 - [x] `localeCompare`; locale and options arguments are currently ignored.
 - [x] `toString`, `length`, numeric indexing, spread, and `for...of` by Unicode code point.
 - [x] Static `String.fromCharCode` and `String.fromCodePoint`.
-- [ ] Native argument coercion for supported String methods; for example, `includes(1)` and `slice("1")` currently
-      reject instead of coercing.
-- [ ] Native no-argument parity for `match()` and `search()`.
+- [x] Native argument coercion for supported String methods; for example, `includes(1)` and `slice("1")` coerce like
+      native JS, `split(undefined)` returns the whole string, and `includes`/`startsWith`/`endsWith` reject regular
+      expressions with a native-style `TypeError`. Opaque runtime references still reject as data errors, and
+      `repeat` still requires a finite non-negative count.
+- [x] Native no-argument parity for `match()`, `matchAll()`, and `search()`; all behave as an empty pattern. Present
+      arguments must still be a regular expression or string pattern.
 
 ## Numbers and Math
 
@@ -226,13 +232,16 @@ ultimate source of truth.
 - [x] Math methods: `random`, `max`, `min`, `abs`, `acos`, `acosh`, `asin`, `asinh`, `atan`, `atan2`, `atanh`,
       `floor`, `ceil`, `round`, `trunc`, `sign`, `sqrt`, `cbrt`, `pow`, `hypot`, `cos`, `cosh`, `sin`, `sinh`,
       `tan`, `tanh`, `log`, `log2`, `log10`, `log1p`, `exp`, `expm1`, `f16round`, `fround`, `clz32`, and `imul`.
-- [ ] Native zero-argument behavior for `Number()` and `String()`; they currently do not produce `0` and `""`.
-- [ ] `++` and `--` must use CodeMode numeric coercion and reject opaque runtime references; they currently call host
-      `Number(...)` directly.
-- [ ] Unknown static members must read as `undefined` for feature detection; some currently appear callable or throw
-      during property access.
+- [x] Native zero-argument behavior for `Number()` and `String()`: they produce `0` and `""`, while
+      `Number(undefined)` stays `NaN` and `String(undefined)` stays `"undefined"`.
+- [x] `++` and `--` use CodeMode numeric coercion (numeric strings increment, plain data objects become `NaN`, Dates
+      use their epoch time) and reject opaque runtime references as data errors.
+- [x] Unknown static members on global namespaces and on `Number`/`String`/the coercion functions read as `undefined`
+      for feature detection. Calling any undefined value reports a native-style `TypeError` naming the callee, for
+      example `Math.sumPrecise is not a function.` Blocked members (`constructor`, `__proto__`, ...) still throw,
+      and unknown `Promise` statics keep their descriptive error.
 - [ ] `Math.sumPrecise`.
-- [ ] Global coercing `isFinite` and `isNaN`.
+- [x] Global coercing `isFinite` and `isNaN`; opaque runtime references reject as data errors, like `Number(...)`.
 
 ## JSON and console
 

packages/codemode/src/interpreter/errors.ts

@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ export const normalizeError = (error: unknown): Diagnostic => {
       message = (value as { message: string }).message
     } else {
       try {
-        message = JSON.stringify(copyOut(value)) ?? String(value)
+        message = JSON.stringify(copyOut(value, "json")) ?? String(value)
       } catch {
         message = String(value)
       }

packages/codemode/src/interpreter/execute.ts

@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ export const executeWithLimits = <const Provided extends Record<string, unknown>
             logs,
           )
           const value = yield* interpreter.run(program)
-          const result = copyOut(copyIn(value, "Execution result"), true) as DataValue
+          const result = copyOut(copyIn(value, "Execution result"), "nullify") as DataValue
           returned = { value: result, promises }
           const warnings = yield* promises.interrupt()
           return {

packages/codemode/src/interpreter/methods.ts

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ import {
   PromiseNamespace,
   UriFunction,
 } from "./model.js"
-import { rejectCircularInsertion, typeofValue } from "./references.js"
+import { containsOpaqueReference, rejectCircularInsertion, typeofValue } from "./references.js"
 import { isBlockedMember, type SafeObject } from "../tool-runtime.js"
 import {
   CodeModeDate,
@@ -137,21 +137,31 @@ export const invokeGlobalMethod = (ref: GlobalMethodReference, args: Array<unkno
   return invokeJsonMethod(ref.name, args, node)
 }
 
+const requireDataArgument = (name: string, index: number, arg: unknown, node: AstNode): unknown => {
+  if (containsOpaqueReference(arg)) {
+    throw new InterpreterRuntimeError(
+      `String.${name} expects argument ${index + 1} to be a data value.`,
+      node,
+      "InvalidDataValue",
+    )
+  }
+  return arg
+}
+
 const invokeStringMethod = (value: string, name: string, args: Array<unknown>, node: AstNode): unknown => {
-  const str = (index: number): string => {
-    const arg = args[index]
-    if (typeof arg !== "string")
-      throw new InterpreterRuntimeError(`String.${name} expects argument ${index + 1} to be a string.`, node)
-    return arg
-  }
-  const num = (index: number): number => {
-    const arg = args[index]
-    if (typeof arg !== "number")
-      throw new InterpreterRuntimeError(`String.${name} expects argument ${index + 1} to be a number.`, node)
-    return arg
-  }
+  // Coerce arguments like native JS; opaque runtime references still reject.
+  const str = (index: number): string => coerceToString(requireDataArgument(name, index, args[index], node))
+  const num = (index: number): number => coerceToNumber(requireDataArgument(name, index, args[index], node))
   const optNum = (index: number): number | undefined => (args[index] === undefined ? undefined : num(index))
   const optStr = (index: number): string | undefined => (args[index] === undefined ? undefined : str(index))
+  const rejectRegex = (): void => {
+    if (args[0] instanceof CodeModeRegExp) {
+      throw new InterpreterRuntimeError(
+        `String.${name} cannot take a regular expression; use regex.test(string) or String.search instead.`,
+        node,
+      ).as("TypeError")
+    }
+  }
 
   let result: unknown
   switch (name) {
@@ -187,8 +197,11 @@ const invokeStringMethod = (value: string, name: string, args: Array<unknown>, n
       break
     }
     case "split": {
-      if (args.length === 0) {
-        result = [value]
+      // Native: an undefined separator returns the whole string, not a split on "undefined",
+      // unless the limit truncates to zero.
+      if (args[0] === undefined) {
+        const requestedLimit = optNum(1)
+        result = requestedLimit !== undefined && requestedLimit >>> 0 === 0 ? [] : [value]
         break
       }
       if (args[0] instanceof CodeModeRegExp) {
@@ -203,12 +216,15 @@ const invokeStringMethod = (value: string, name: string, args: Array<unknown>, n
       result = value.slice(optNum(0), optNum(1))
       break
     case "includes":
+      rejectRegex()
       result = value.includes(str(0), optNum(1))
       break
     case "startsWith":
+      rejectRegex()
       result = value.startsWith(str(0), optNum(1))
       break
     case "endsWith":
+      rejectRegex()
       result = value.endsWith(str(0), optNum(1))
       break
     case "indexOf":
@@ -263,7 +279,7 @@ const invokeStringMethod = (value: string, name: string, args: Array<unknown>, n
     case "repeat": {
       const count = num(0)
       if (!Number.isFinite(count) || count < 0)
-        throw new InterpreterRuntimeError("String.repeat expects a finite non-negative count.", node)
+        throw new InterpreterRuntimeError("String.repeat expects a finite non-negative count.", node).as("RangeError")
       result = value.repeat(count)
       break
     }
@@ -301,6 +317,8 @@ const invokeStringMethod = (value: string, name: string, args: Array<unknown>, n
   return boundedData(result, `String.${name} result`)
 }
 
+export const arrayStatics = new Set(["isArray", "of", "from"])
+
 const invokeArrayStatic = (name: string, args: Array<unknown>, node: AstNode): unknown => {
   switch (name) {
     case "isArray":
@@ -400,11 +418,9 @@ const invokeStringReplacer = <R>(
     if (name === "replace") value.replace(pattern.regex, collect)
     else value.replaceAll(pattern.regex, collect)
   } else {
-    if (typeof pattern !== "string") {
-      throw new InterpreterRuntimeError(`String.${name} expects argument 1 to be a string.`, node)
-    }
-    if (name === "replace") value.replace(pattern, collect)
-    else value.replaceAll(pattern, collect)
+    const search = coerceToString(requireDataArgument(name, 0, pattern, node))
+    if (name === "replace") value.replace(search, collect)
+    else value.replaceAll(search, collect)
   }
 
   return Effect.gen(function* () {

packages/codemode/src/interpreter/model.ts

@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ export class GlobalMethodReference {
 }
 
 export class CoercionFunction {
-  constructor(readonly name: "Number" | "String" | "Boolean" | "parseInt" | "parseFloat") {}
+  constructor(readonly name: "Number" | "String" | "Boolean" | "parseInt" | "parseFloat" | "isFinite" | "isNaN") {}
 }
 
 export class UriFunction {

packages/codemode/src/interpreter/runtime.ts

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ import {
   ErrorConstructorReference,
   GlobalMethodReference,
   GlobalNamespace,
+  type GlobalNamespaceName,
   getArray,
   getBoolean,
   getNode,
@@ -34,7 +35,7 @@ import {
   UriFunction,
 } from "./model.js"
 import { caughtErrorValue, constructErrorValue } from "./errors.js"
-import { type CallbackRunner, invokeArrayFrom, invokeGlobalMethod, invokeIntrinsic } from "./methods.js"
+import { arrayStatics, type CallbackRunner, invokeArrayFrom, invokeGlobalMethod, invokeIntrinsic } from "./methods.js"
 import {
   constructPromise,
   invokePromiseInstanceMethod,
@@ -46,10 +47,11 @@ import { containsOpaqueReference, isRuntimeReference, rejectCircularInsertion, t
 import { ScopeStack } from "./scope.js"
 import { arrayMethods, mapMethods, setMethods, spreadItems } from "../stdlib/collections.js"
 import { consoleMethods, formatConsoleMessage } from "../stdlib/console.js"
-import { dateMethods } from "../stdlib/date.js"
-import { mathConstants } from "../stdlib/math.js"
+import { dateMethods, dateStatics } from "../stdlib/date.js"
+import { jsonStatics } from "../stdlib/json.js"
+import { mathConstants, mathMethods } from "../stdlib/math.js"
 import { numberConstants, numberMethods, numberStatics } from "../stdlib/number.js"
-import { objectMethodsPreservingIdentity } from "../stdlib/object.js"
+import { objectMethodsPreservingIdentity, objectStatics } from "../stdlib/object.js"
 import { promiseStatics } from "../stdlib/promise.js"
 import { escapeRegexHint, regexpMethods, regexpProperties, regexFailureReason } from "../stdlib/regexp.js"
 import { stringMethods, stringStatics } from "../stdlib/string.js"
@@ -57,6 +59,7 @@ import {
   urlMethods,
   urlProperties,
   urlSearchParamsMethods,
+  urlStatics,
   urlWritableProperties,
   invokeUriFunction,
   uriArgument,
@@ -83,6 +86,32 @@ import {
   CodeModeURLSearchParams,
 } from "../values.js"
 
+const globalStaticMembers: Partial<Record<GlobalNamespaceName, Set<string>>> = {
+  Object: objectStatics,
+  Math: mathMethods,
+  JSON: jsonStatics,
+  Array: arrayStatics,
+  console: consoleMethods,
+  Date: dateStatics,
+  URL: urlStatics,
+}
+
+const calleeDescription = (callee: AstNode): string => {
+  if (callee.type === "Identifier") return getString(callee, "name")
+  if (callee.type === "MemberExpression") {
+    const object = getNode(callee, "object")
+    const property = getNode(callee, "property")
+    const key =
+      callee.computed !== true && property.type === "Identifier"
+        ? getString(property, "name")
+        : property.type === "Literal" && typeof property.value === "string"
+          ? property.value
+          : undefined
+    if (object.type === "Identifier" && key !== undefined) return `${getString(object, "name")}.${key}`
+  }
+  return "The called value"
+}
+
 const instanceofValue = (lhs: unknown, rhs: unknown, node: AstNode): boolean => {
   if (rhs instanceof ErrorConstructorReference) {
     const brand = errorBrandName(lhs)
@@ -199,6 +228,8 @@ export class Interpreter<R> {
     globalScope.set("console", { mutable: false, value: new GlobalNamespace("console") })
     globalScope.set("parseInt", { mutable: false, value: new CoercionFunction("parseInt") })
     globalScope.set("parseFloat", { mutable: false, value: new CoercionFunction("parseFloat") })
+    globalScope.set("isFinite", { mutable: false, value: new CoercionFunction("isFinite") })
+    globalScope.set("isNaN", { mutable: false, value: new CoercionFunction("isNaN") })
     globalScope.set("Date", { mutable: false, value: new GlobalNamespace("Date") })
     globalScope.set("RegExp", { mutable: false, value: new GlobalNamespace("RegExp") })
     globalScope.set("Map", { mutable: false, value: new GlobalNamespace("Map") })
@@ -1454,10 +1485,23 @@ export class Interpreter<R> {
       throw new InterpreterRuntimeError(`Unsupported update operator '${operator}'.`, node)
     }
 
+    // CodeMode numeric coercion, not host Number(): null-prototype data objects would make
+    // the host throw during ToPrimitive, and opaque runtime references must reject clearly.
+    const operand = (current: unknown): number => {
+      if (containsOpaqueReference(current)) {
+        throw new InterpreterRuntimeError(
+          `'${operator}' requires a data value in CodeMode.`,
+          argument,
+          "InvalidDataValue",
+        )
+      }
+      return coerceToNumber(current)
+    }
+
     if (argument.type === "Identifier") {
       return Effect.sync(() => {
         const name = getString(argument, "name")
-        const current = Number(this.scopes.get(name, argument))
+        const current = operand(this.scopes.get(name, argument))
         const next = current + increment
         this.scopes.set(name, next, argument)
         return prefix ? next : current
@@ -1466,7 +1510,7 @@ export class Interpreter<R> {
 
     if (argument.type === "MemberExpression") {
       return this.modifyMember(argument, (current) => {
-        const value = Number(current)
+        const value = operand(current)
         const next = value + increment
         return Effect.succeed({ write: true, next, result: prefix ? next : value })
       })
@@ -1563,6 +1607,9 @@ export class Interpreter<R> {
         callable.settle(args[0])
         return undefined
       }
+      if (callable === undefined || callable === null) {
+        throw new InterpreterRuntimeError(`${calleeDescription(callee)} is not a function.`, callee).as("TypeError")
+      }
       throw new InterpreterRuntimeError("Only tools are callable in CodeMode.", callee)
     })
   }
@@ -1833,16 +1880,18 @@ export class Interpreter<R> {
       }
 
       if (objectValue instanceof GlobalNamespace) {
-        if (typeof key !== "string" || isBlockedMember(key)) {
-          throw new InterpreterRuntimeError(
-            `${objectValue.name}.${String(key)} is not available in CodeMode.`,
-            propertyNode,
-          )
+        if (typeof key === "string" && isBlockedMember(key)) {
+          throw new InterpreterRuntimeError(`${objectValue.name}.${key} is not available in CodeMode.`, propertyNode)
         }
+        if (typeof key !== "string") return new ComputedValue(undefined)
         if (objectValue.name === "Math" && mathConstants.has(key)) {
           return new ComputedValue((Math as unknown as Record<string, number>)[key])
         }
-        return new GlobalMethodReference(objectValue.name, key)
+        if (globalStaticMembers[objectValue.name]?.has(key)) {
+          return new GlobalMethodReference(objectValue.name, key)
+        }
+        // Unknown static members read as undefined so feature detection works like native JS.
+        return new ComputedValue(undefined)
       }
 
       if (typeof objectValue === "string") {
@@ -1858,12 +1907,21 @@ export class Interpreter<R> {
         return new ComputedValue(undefined)
       }
 
-      if (objectValue instanceof CoercionFunction && typeof key === "string" && !isBlockedMember(key)) {
+      if (objectValue instanceof CoercionFunction) {
+        if (typeof key === "string" && isBlockedMember(key)) {
+          throw new InterpreterRuntimeError(`${objectValue.name}.${key} is not available in CodeMode.`, propertyNode)
+        }
+        if (typeof key !== "string") return new ComputedValue(undefined)
         if (objectValue.name === "Number" && numberConstants.has(key)) {
           return new ComputedValue((Number as unknown as Record<string, number>)[key])
         }
-        if (objectValue.name === "Number" && numberStatics.has(key)) return new GlobalMethodReference("Number", key)
-        if (objectValue.name === "String" && stringStatics.has(key)) return new GlobalMethodReference("String", key)
+        if (objectValue.name === "Number" && numberStatics.has(key)) {
+          return new GlobalMethodReference("Number", key)
+        }
+        if (objectValue.name === "String" && stringStatics.has(key)) {
+          return new GlobalMethodReference("String", key)
+        }
+        return new ComputedValue(undefined)
       }
 
       if (objectValue instanceof CodeModeDate) {

packages/codemode/src/openapi/TODO.md

@@ -5,11 +5,15 @@ The initial adapter intentionally skips operations it cannot execute correctly.
 - Cookie parameters, authentication, and cookie-header merging.
 - Matrix, label, space-delimited, pipe-delimited, `allowReserved`, and parameter `content` serialization.
 - External references and complete nested `$defs` support.
+- `$anchor` and nested `$id` resource resolution in directional (`readOnly`/`writeOnly`) projection.
+- Use-site cleanup for `allOf` branches that reference shared component schemas: per-direction component definitions are projected globally, so a directional annotation declared only at one use site cannot remove the property from a referenced component's definition.
+- Hidden-name cleanup inside `then`/`else`/`dependentSchemas`/`dependentRequired`, which constrain the same instance as `allOf`; a hidden property may remain named in those keywords.
+- Projection inside `not`/`if`/`contains`, whose semantics would invert or shift if constraints were removed; those subschemas pass through unchanged, and a `$ref` from such a context to a projected `$defs` or component definition still observes hiding.
+- Iterative traversal for pathologically deep schema nesting: the directional scan and projection recurse per level and overflow the stack around ten thousand levels, below the pre-existing converter limit of roughly fifty thousand; `fromSpec` throws a catchable `RangeError` either way.
 - Relative or templated server URLs and server variables.
 - Base URLs containing query strings or fragments.
 - Runtime response-schema validation and full content negotiation.
 - Binary response values and explicit byte-oriented return types.
-- Request/response projection for `readOnly` and `writeOnly` properties.
 - SSE, WebSocket, and other streaming transports.
 - Recovery of responses rejected by a status-filtering `HttpClient`.
 - Configurable request and response size limits.

packages/codemode/src/openapi/index.ts

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ import { make, type Definition } from "../tool.js"
 import { invoke } from "./runtime.js"
 import {
   componentDefinitions,
+  hasDirectionalSchemas,
   inputSchema,
   isRecord,
   methods,
@@ -38,7 +39,10 @@ export const fromSpec = (options: Options): Result => {
   const document = options.spec
   const schemes = securitySchemes(document)
   const defaultSecurity = securityRequirements(document.security)
-  const definitions = componentDefinitions(document)
+  const requestDefinitions = componentDefinitions(document, "request")
+  const responseDefinitions = hasDirectionalSchemas(document)
+    ? componentDefinitions(document, "response")
+    : requestDefinitions
   const paths = isRecord(document.paths) ? document.paths : {}
   const used = new Set<string>()
   const namespaces = new Set<string>()
@@ -57,7 +61,7 @@ export const fromSpec = (options: Options): Result => {
         summary: nonEmptyString(operationValue.summary),
         description: nonEmptyString(operationValue.description),
       }
-      const output = operationOutput(document, operationValue, definitions)
+      const output = operationOutput(document, operationValue, responseDefinitions)
       if (!output.ok) {
         skipped.push({ method: operation.method, path, reason: output.reason })
         continue
@@ -102,7 +106,7 @@ export const fromSpec = (options: Options): Result => {
         segments,
         make({
           description: operation.description ?? operation.summary ?? `${operation.method} ${path}`,
-          input: inputSchema(input.fields, definitions),
+          input: inputSchema(input.fields, requestDefinitions),
           output: output.value,
           run: (input) => invoke(plan, input),
         }),

packages/codemode/src/openapi/spec.ts

@@ -27,22 +27,225 @@ export const nonEmptyString = (value: unknown): string | undefined =>
 export const own = <T>(record: Readonly<Record<string, T>>, key: string): T | undefined =>
   Object.hasOwn(record, key) ? record[key] : undefined
 
+const resolvePointer = (root: unknown, ref: string): unknown =>
+  ref
+    .slice(2)
+    .split("/")
+    .map((segment) => segment.replaceAll("~1", "/").replaceAll("~0", "~"))
+    .reduce<unknown>((item, segment) => (isRecord(item) ? own(item, segment) : undefined), root)
+
 export const resolve = (document: Document, value: unknown): unknown => {
   const next = (current: unknown, seen: ReadonlySet<string>): unknown => {
     if (!isRecord(current)) return current
-    const ref = nonEmptyString(current.$ref)
+    const ref = nonEmptyString(own(current, "$ref"))
     if (ref === undefined || !ref.startsWith("#/") || seen.has(ref)) return current
-    const target = ref
-      .slice(2)
-      .split("/")
-      .map((segment) => segment.replaceAll("~1", "/").replaceAll("~0", "~"))
-      .reduce<unknown>((item, segment) => (isRecord(item) ? own(item, segment) : undefined), document)
+    const target = resolvePointer(document, ref)
     return target === undefined ? current : next(target, new Set([...seen, ref]))
   }
   return next(value, new Set())
 }
 
-const projectSchema = (document: Document, value: unknown): JsonSchema => {
+// Model-facing directional projection: request schemas omit `readOnly` properties,
+// response schemas omit `writeOnly` properties, and `required` stays consistent.
+// Runtime values pass through unchanged.
+type SchemaDirection = "request" | "response"
+type SchemaResource = { readonly value: unknown; readonly root: unknown }
+
+const hiddenKeyword = { request: "readOnly", response: "writeOnly" } as const
+
+// Resolves one `$ref` hop so every link of a chain has its own sibling declarations
+// inspected; cycles terminate in the callers' cycle solver. Local `$defs`/`definitions`
+// pointers resolve against the schema being projected, other pointers rebase onto the target.
+const resolveResource = (document: Document, resource: SchemaResource): SchemaResource => {
+  if (!isRecord(resource.value)) return resource
+  const ref = nonEmptyString(own(resource.value, "$ref"))
+  if (ref === undefined || !ref.startsWith("#/")) return resource
+  const local = ref.startsWith("#/$defs/") || ref.startsWith("#/definitions/")
+  const target = resolvePointer(local ? resource.root : document, ref)
+  if (target === undefined) return resource
+  return { value: target, root: local ? resource.root : target }
+}
+
+// Hidden-ness and hidden names are memoized per schema object and direction so
+// diamond-shaped reference graphs stay linear. Documents are assumed immutable once
+// projected; a schema reachable under multiple resolution roots reuses the first result.
+type Solver<T> = {
+  readonly values: Map<unknown, T>
+  // Discovery index per schema whose strongly connected component is unresolved.
+  readonly pending: Map<unknown, number>
+  readonly stack: Array<unknown>
+}
+type DirectionCache = {
+  readonly hidden: Solver<boolean>
+  readonly names: Solver<ReadonlySet<string>>
+}
+
+const emptyCache = (): DirectionCache => ({
+  hidden: { values: new Map(), pending: new Map(), stack: [] },
+  names: { values: new Map(), pending: new Map(), stack: [] },
+})
+
+const projectionCaches = new WeakMap<Document, Record<SchemaDirection, DirectionCache>>()
+
+const projectionCache = (document: Document, direction: SchemaDirection): DirectionCache => {
+  const existing = projectionCaches.get(document)
+  if (existing !== undefined) return existing[direction]
+  const created = { request: emptyCache(), response: emptyCache() }
+  projectionCaches.set(document, created)
+  return created[direction]
+}
+
+// Tarjan's strongly connected components: cycle members all reach the same
+// declarations, so the component root's value is final for every member. Only resolved
+// components are cached, keeping results independent of traversal order.
+type CycleScope = { lowlink: number }
+
+const solveCycles = <T>(
+  solver: Solver<T>,
+  key: unknown,
+  provisional: T,
+  scope: CycleScope,
+  compute: (inner: CycleScope) => T,
+): T => {
+  const cached = solver.values.get(key)
+  if (cached !== undefined) return cached
+  const pending = solver.pending.get(key)
+  if (pending !== undefined) {
+    scope.lowlink = Math.min(scope.lowlink, pending)
+    return provisional
+  }
+  // Components pop as contiguous stack suffixes, so pending indices stay 0..size-1.
+  const index = solver.pending.size
+  const base = solver.stack.length
+  solver.pending.set(key, index)
+  solver.stack.push(key)
+  const inner: CycleScope = { lowlink: Infinity }
+  const value = compute(inner)
+  if (inner.lowlink < index) {
+    scope.lowlink = Math.min(scope.lowlink, inner.lowlink)
+    return value
+  }
+  for (const member of solver.stack.splice(base)) {
+    solver.pending.delete(member)
+    solver.values.set(member, value)
+  }
+  return value
+}
+
+// Most documents have no directional keywords; one cached scan skips projection entirely.
+const directionalDocuments = new WeakMap<Document, boolean>()
+
+export const hasDirectionalSchemas = (document: Document): boolean => {
+  const cached = directionalDocuments.get(document)
+  if (cached !== undefined) return cached
+  const contains = (value: unknown): boolean => {
+    if (Array.isArray(value)) return value.some(contains)
+    if (!isRecord(value)) return false
+    if (own(value, "readOnly") === true || own(value, "writeOnly") === true) return true
+    return Object.values(value).some(contains)
+  }
+  const result = contains(document)
+  directionalDocuments.set(document, result)
+  return result
+}
+
+// OpenAPI 3.1 allows keywords as siblings of `$ref`, so a schema's own declarations
+// are inspected before following the reference.
+const isHidden = (
+  document: Document,
+  resource: SchemaResource,
+  direction: SchemaDirection,
+  scope: CycleScope = { lowlink: Infinity },
+): boolean => {
+  const value = resource.value
+  if (!isRecord(value)) return false
+  if (own(value, hiddenKeyword[direction]) === true) return true
+  return solveCycles(projectionCache(document, direction).hidden, value, false, scope, (inner) => {
+    const target = resolveResource(document, resource)
+    return (
+      asArray(own(value, "allOf")).some((item) => isHidden(document, { ...resource, value: item }, direction, inner)) ||
+      (target.value !== value && isHidden(document, target, direction, inner))
+    )
+  })
+}
+
+// Hidden property names declared by a schema itself or inherited through `$ref` and
+// `allOf` composition, so sibling `required` lists stay consistent after projection.
+const hiddenNames = (
+  document: Document,
+  resource: SchemaResource,
+  direction: SchemaDirection,
+  scope: CycleScope = { lowlink: Infinity },
+): ReadonlySet<string> => {
+  const value = resource.value
+  if (!isRecord(value)) return new Set()
+  return solveCycles(projectionCache(document, direction).names, value, new Set(), scope, (inner) => {
+    const properties = own(value, "properties")
+    const declared = isRecord(properties)
+      ? Object.entries(properties)
+          .filter(([, property]) => isHidden(document, { ...resource, value: property }, direction))
+          .map(([name]) => name)
+      : []
+    const composed = asArray(own(value, "allOf")).flatMap((item) => [
+      ...hiddenNames(document, { ...resource, value: item }, direction, inner),
+    ])
+    const target = resolveResource(document, resource)
+    const referenced = target.value === value ? [] : hiddenNames(document, target, direction, inner)
+    return new Set([...declared, ...composed, ...referenced])
+  })
+}
+
+// `not`/`if`/`contains` subschemas pass through unprojected: they negate or select
+// rather than assert, so removing hidden properties would invert their semantics.
+const nestedSchemas = new Set([
+  "items",
+  "additionalProperties",
+  "unevaluatedProperties",
+  "propertyNames",
+  "then",
+  "else",
+])
+const nestedSchemaLists = new Set(["anyOf", "oneOf", "prefixItems"])
+const nestedSchemaMaps = new Set(["patternProperties", "dependentSchemas", "$defs", "definitions"])
+
+const directionalSchema = (
+  document: Document,
+  resource: SchemaResource,
+  direction: SchemaDirection,
+  excluded: ReadonlySet<string> = new Set(),
+): unknown => {
+  if (!isRecord(resource.value)) return resource.value
+  const hidden = new Set([...excluded, ...hiddenNames(document, resource, direction)])
+  const project = (item: unknown, inherited: ReadonlySet<string> = new Set()): unknown =>
+    directionalSchema(document, { ...resource, value: item }, direction, inherited)
+  return Object.fromEntries(
+    Object.entries(resource.value).map(([key, item]) => {
+      if (key === "properties" && isRecord(item)) {
+        return [
+          key,
+          Object.fromEntries(
+            Object.entries(item)
+              .filter(([name]) => !hidden.has(name))
+              .map(([name, property]) => [name, project(property)]),
+          ),
+        ]
+      }
+      if (key === "required" && Array.isArray(item)) {
+        return [key, item.filter((name) => typeof name !== "string" || !hidden.has(name))]
+      }
+      // allOf branches share one object; hidden names apply across every branch.
+      if (key === "allOf" && Array.isArray(item)) return [key, item.map((entry) => project(entry, hidden))]
+      if (nestedSchemas.has(key)) return [key, project(item)]
+      if (nestedSchemaLists.has(key) && Array.isArray(item)) return [key, item.map((entry) => project(entry))]
+      if (nestedSchemaMaps.has(key) && isRecord(item)) {
+        return [key, Object.fromEntries(Object.entries(item).map(([name, entry]) => [name, project(entry)]))]
+      }
+      return [key, item]
+    }),
+  )
+}
+
+const normalizeSchema = (document: Document, value: unknown): JsonSchema => {
   if (!isRecord(value)) return {}
   const normalized = nonEmptyString(document.openapi)?.startsWith("3.0")
     ? fromSchemaOpenApi3_0(value)
@@ -52,10 +255,21 @@ const projectSchema = (document: Document, value: unknown): JsonSchema => {
     : { ...normalized.schema, $defs: normalized.definitions }
 }
 
-export const componentDefinitions = (document: Document): Readonly<Record<string, JsonSchema>> => {
+const projectSchema = (document: Document, value: unknown, direction: SchemaDirection): JsonSchema =>
+  normalizeSchema(
+    document,
+    hasDirectionalSchemas(document) ? directionalSchema(document, { value, root: value }, direction) : value,
+  )
+
+export const componentDefinitions = (
+  document: Document,
+  direction: SchemaDirection,
+): Readonly<Record<string, JsonSchema>> => {
   const components = isRecord(document.components) ? document.components : {}
   const schemas = isRecord(components.schemas) ? components.schemas : {}
-  return Object.fromEntries(Object.entries(schemas).map(([name, value]) => [name, projectSchema(document, value)]))
+  return Object.fromEntries(
+    Object.entries(schemas).map(([name, value]) => [name, projectSchema(document, value, direction)]),
+  )
 }
 
 const withDefinitions = (schema: JsonSchema, definitions: Readonly<Record<string, JsonSchema>>): JsonSchema => {
@@ -157,7 +371,7 @@ const operationParameters = (
     if (style === "deepObject" && !explode) {
       return { ok: false, reason: `query parameter '${name}' uses deepObject with explode=false` }
     }
-    const base = projectSchema(document, resolved.schema)
+    const base = projectSchema(document, resolved.schema, "request")
     const description = nonEmptyString(resolved.description)
     unordered.push({
       name,
@@ -191,7 +405,10 @@ const operationBody = (
       reason: `request body has no JSON content (declared: ${Object.keys(content).join(", ") || "none"})`,
     }
   }
-  const schema = resolve(document, selected.schema)
+  const resolvedSchema = resolve(document, selected.schema)
+  const schema = hasDirectionalSchemas(document)
+    ? directionalSchema(document, { value: resolvedSchema, root: resolvedSchema }, "request")
+    : resolvedSchema
   const required = resolved.required === true
   if (!isFlattenableObjectBody(schema, required)) {
     return {
@@ -202,7 +419,7 @@ const operationBody = (
             name: "body",
             location: "body",
             required,
-            schema: projectSchema(document, selected.schema),
+            schema: projectSchema(document, selected.schema, "request"),
             style: undefined,
             explode: undefined,
           },
@@ -217,11 +434,13 @@ const operationBody = (
   return {
     ok: true,
     value: {
+      // Field schemas were already projected with the body as resolution root; a second
+      // directional pass rooted at the field would misresolve shadowed local $defs.
       fields: Object.entries(schema.properties).map(([name, value]) => ({
         name,
         location: "body" as const,
         required: required && requiredProperties.has(name),
-        schema: projectSchema(document, value),
+        schema: normalizeSchema(document, value),
         style: undefined,
         explode: undefined,
       })),
@@ -339,7 +558,7 @@ export const operationOutput = (
         continue
       }
       if (!isRecord(value) || value.schema === undefined) return { ok: true, value: undefined }
-      outcomes.push(projectSchema(document, value.schema))
+      outcomes.push(projectSchema(document, value.schema, "response"))
     }
   }
   if (outcomes.length === 0) return { ok: true, value: undefined }

packages/codemode/src/stdlib/console.ts

@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ const formatConsoleTable = (value: unknown, columnsArgument: unknown): string =>
 const consoleTableColumns = (value: unknown): ReadonlyArray<string> | undefined => {
   if (value === undefined) return undefined
   if (containsRuntimeReference(value)) return undefined
-  const columns = copyOut(copyIn(value, "console.table columns"), true)
+  const columns = copyOut(copyIn(value, "console.table columns"), "nullify")
   return Array.isArray(columns) ? columns.map((column) => String(column)) : undefined
 }
 

packages/codemode/src/stdlib/date.ts

@@ -23,6 +23,8 @@ export const dateMethods = new Set([
   "getTimezoneOffset",
 ])
 
+export const dateStatics = new Set(["now", "parse", "UTC"])
+
 export const invokeDateStatic = (name: string, args: Array<unknown>, node: AstNode): number => {
   switch (name) {
     case "now":

packages/codemode/src/stdlib/json.ts

@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@ import { type AstNode, InterpreterRuntimeError, supportedSyntaxMessage } from ".
 import { typeofValue } from "../interpreter/references.js"
 import { copyIn, copyOut } from "../tool-runtime.js"
 
+export const jsonStatics = new Set(["parse", "stringify"])
+
 export const invokeJsonMethod = (name: string, args: Array<unknown>, node: AstNode): unknown => {
   switch (name) {
     case "stringify": {
@@ -16,7 +18,7 @@ export const invokeJsonMethod = (name: string, args: Array<unknown>, node: AstNo
       }
       const space = args[2]
       const indent = typeof space === "number" || typeof space === "string" ? space : undefined
-      return JSON.stringify(copyOut(copyIn(args[0], "JSON.stringify value")), null, indent)
+      return JSON.stringify(copyOut(copyIn(args[0], "JSON.stringify value"), "json"), null, indent)
     }
     case "parse": {
       const text = args[0]

packages/codemode/src/stdlib/object.ts

@@ -6,6 +6,8 @@ import { boundedData, coerceToString } from "./value.js"
 
 export const objectMethodsPreservingIdentity = new Set(["assign", "values", "entries", "fromEntries"])
 
+export const objectStatics = new Set(["keys", "values", "entries", "hasOwn", "is", "assign", "fromEntries"])
+
 export const invokeObjectMethod = (name: string, args: Array<unknown>, node: AstNode): unknown => {
   const requireObject = (): Record<string, unknown> => {
     const input = args[0]

packages/codemode/src/stdlib/regexp.ts

@@ -19,6 +19,8 @@ export const escapeRegexHint =
   'To match special characters like ( ) [ ] { } + * ? . literally, escape them with a backslash (e.g. "\\\\(") or test for them with String.includes instead.'
 
 export const toHostRegex = (arg: unknown, method: string, node: AstNode, extraFlags = ""): RegExp => {
+  // Native parity: an undefined pattern behaves as an empty pattern.
+  if (arg === undefined) return new RegExp("", extraFlags)
   if (arg instanceof CodeModeRegExp) return arg.regex
   if (typeof arg === "string") {
     try {

packages/codemode/src/stdlib/value.ts

@@ -61,10 +61,19 @@ export const coerceToString = (value: unknown): string => {
 export const coerceToNumber = (value: unknown): number => {
   if (value instanceof CodeModeDate) return value.time
   if (isCodeModeValue(value)) return Number.NaN
-  return value !== null && typeof value === "object" && !Array.isArray(value) ? Number.NaN : Number(value)
+  // Arrays coerce through our own string coercion: host Number(array) joins with host
+  // ToPrimitive, which throws on the null-prototype objects the interpreter produces.
+  if (Array.isArray(value)) return Number(coerceToString(value))
+  return value !== null && typeof value === "object" ? Number.NaN : Number(value)
 }
 
 export const invokeCoercion = (ref: CoercionFunction, args: Array<unknown>, node: AstNode): unknown => {
+  // Native: Number() is 0 and String() is "", unlike their undefined-argument forms; the
+  // other coercers match native through the undefined-argument path below.
+  if (args.length === 0) {
+    if (ref.name === "Number") return 0
+    if (ref.name === "String") return ""
+  }
   const raw = args[0]
   // Error values are plain SafeObjects; the boundedData path below would strip their brand.
   if (ref.name === "String" && errorBrandName(raw) !== undefined) return coerceToString(raw)
@@ -72,12 +81,16 @@ export const invokeCoercion = (ref: CoercionFunction, args: Array<unknown>, node
     if (ref.name === "Boolean") return true
     if (ref.name === "Number") return coerceToNumber(raw)
     if (ref.name === "String") return coerceToString(raw)
+    if (ref.name === "isFinite") return Number.isFinite(coerceToNumber(raw))
+    if (ref.name === "isNaN") return Number.isNaN(coerceToNumber(raw))
     if (ref.name === "parseInt") return parseInt(coerceToString(raw))
     return parseFloat(coerceToString(raw))
   }
   const value = boundedData(raw, `${ref.name} input`)
   if (ref.name === "Number") return coerceToNumber(value)
   if (ref.name === "Boolean") return Boolean(value)
+  if (ref.name === "isFinite") return Number.isFinite(coerceToNumber(value))
+  if (ref.name === "isNaN") return Number.isNaN(coerceToNumber(value))
   if (ref.name === "parseInt") {
     const radix = args[1]
     if (radix !== undefined && typeof radix !== "number") {

packages/codemode/src/tool-runtime.ts

@@ -118,8 +118,7 @@ export class ToolRuntimeError extends Error {
   }
 }
 
-const isDefinition = <R>(value: Definition<R> | Tools<R>): value is Definition<R> =>
-  isToolDefinition<R>(value)
+const isDefinition = <R>(value: Definition<R> | Tools<R>): value is Definition<R> => isToolDefinition<R>(value)
 
 const runHost = <A, E, R>(effect: Effect.Effect<A, E, R>): Effect.Effect<A, ToolError, R> =>
   effect.pipe(
@@ -257,18 +256,31 @@ const copyBounded = (
   return copied
 }
 
-export const copyOut = (value: unknown, undefinedAsNull = false): unknown => {
-  if (value === undefined && undefinedAsNull) return null
+// "json" mirrors JSON.stringify (undefined object values drop, undefined array elements become
+// null, a bare undefined passes through): use it wherever data leaves as JSON, like tool
+// arguments and stringify-style formatting. "nullify" turns every undefined, including a bare
+// one, into null: use it for program results, where the consumer must never see undefined.
+export type CopyOutMode = "json" | "nullify"
+
+export const copyOut = (value: unknown, mode: CopyOutMode): unknown => {
+  if (value === undefined && mode === "nullify") return null
   if (typeof value === "number" && !Number.isFinite(value)) {
     return null
   }
   if (Array.isArray(value)) {
     // Array.from densifies holes so sparse arrays normalize at the boundary like JSON does.
-    return Array.from(value, (item) => copyOut(item, undefinedAsNull))
+    return Array.from(value, (item) => {
+      const copied = copyOut(item, mode)
+      return copied === undefined && mode === "json" ? null : copied
+    })
   }
 
   if (value !== null && typeof value === "object" && !(value instanceof ToolReference)) {
-    return Object.fromEntries(Object.entries(value).map(([key, item]) => [key, copyOut(item, undefinedAsNull)]))
+    return Object.fromEntries(
+      Object.entries(value)
+        .map(([key, item]) => [key, copyOut(item, mode)] as const)
+        .filter(([, item]) => !(item === undefined && mode === "json")),
+    )
   }
 
   return value
@@ -696,13 +708,13 @@ export const make = <R>(
         invokeDefinition(
           "search",
           searchTool,
-          args.map((arg) => copyOut(copyIn(arg, "Arguments for tool 'search'"))),
+          args.map((arg) => copyOut(copyIn(arg, "Arguments for tool 'search'"), "json")),
         ),
       ),
     invoke: (path, args) =>
       Effect.gen(function* () {
         const name = canonicalSegments(path).join(".")
-        const externalArgs = args.map((arg) => copyOut(copyIn(arg, `Arguments for tool '${name}'`)))
+        const externalArgs = args.map((arg) => copyOut(copyIn(arg, `Arguments for tool '${name}'`), "json"))
         const tool = resolve(root, path)
         return yield* invokeDefinition(name, tool, externalArgs)
       }),

packages/codemode/test/codemode.test.ts

@@ -453,6 +453,56 @@ describe("CodeMode schema flexibility", () => {
     expect(observed).toStrictEqual([{ id: 42 }])
   })
 
+  test("outbound tool arguments follow JSON serialization semantics", async () => {
+    const observed: Array<unknown> = []
+    const call = Tool.make({
+      description: "Observe raw input",
+      input: { type: "object" },
+      run: (input) =>
+        Effect.sync(() => {
+          observed.push(input)
+          return "ok"
+        }),
+    })
+    const runtime = CodeMode.make({ tools: { adapter: { call } } })
+
+    const result = await Effect.runPromise(
+      runtime.execute(
+        `return await tools.adapter.call({ q: undefined, limit: 0 / 0, rate: 1 / 0, items: [1, undefined, 2], holes: [1, , 3] })`,
+      ),
+    )
+    expect(result.ok).toBe(true)
+    const received = observed[0] as Record<string, unknown>
+    expect(received).toStrictEqual({ limit: null, rate: null, items: [1, null, 2], holes: [1, null, 3] })
+    // The undefined-valued property is dropped like JSON.stringify, not delivered as undefined.
+    expect(Object.hasOwn(received, "q")).toBe(false)
+  })
+
+  test("dropping undefined values lets optionalKey schemas accept conditional arguments", async () => {
+    const observed: Array<unknown> = []
+    const find = Tool.make({
+      description: "Find things",
+      input: Schema.Struct({ query: Schema.optionalKey(Schema.String), limit: Schema.optionalKey(Schema.Number) }),
+      run: (input) =>
+        Effect.sync(() => {
+          observed.push(input)
+          return "ok"
+        }),
+    })
+    const runtime = CodeMode.make({ tools: { things: { find } } })
+
+    // The `cond ? value : undefined` idiom: optionalKey rejects a present undefined, so the
+    // JSON boundary must drop the key before the schema decodes.
+    const result = await Effect.runPromise(
+      runtime.execute(`return await tools.things.find({ query: undefined, limit: 5 })`),
+    )
+    expect(result.ok).toBe(true)
+    expect(observed).toStrictEqual([{ limit: 5 }])
+
+    const search = await Effect.runPromise(runtime.execute(`return (await search({ query: undefined })).items.length`))
+    expect(search.ok).toBe(true)
+  })
+
   test("renders JSON Schema outputs and $defs references", async () => {
     const lookup = Tool.make({
       description: "Look up a user",

packages/codemode/test/openapi.test.ts

@@ -59,6 +59,53 @@ const singleOperation = (operation: Record<string, unknown>, method = "get"): Do
   },
 })
 
+const directionalSpec = (openapi: string): Document => ({
+  openapi,
+  paths: {
+    "/users": {
+      post: {
+        operationId: "users.create",
+        requestBody: {
+          required: true,
+          content: { "application/json": { schema: { $ref: "#/components/schemas/User" } } },
+        },
+        responses: {
+          200: {
+            description: "Created",
+            content: { "application/json": { schema: { $ref: "#/components/schemas/User" } } },
+          },
+        },
+      },
+    },
+  },
+  components: {
+    schemas: {
+      ReadOnlyID: { type: "string", readOnly: true },
+      User: {
+        type: "object",
+        additionalProperties: false,
+        required: ["id", "name", "password", "profile", "generated"],
+        properties: {
+          id: { type: "string", readOnly: true },
+          name: { type: "string" },
+          password: { type: "string", writeOnly: true },
+          profile: {
+            type: "object",
+            additionalProperties: false,
+            required: ["createdAt", "secret", "label"],
+            properties: {
+              createdAt: { type: "string", readOnly: true },
+              secret: { type: "string", writeOnly: true },
+              label: { type: "string" },
+            },
+          },
+          generated: { $ref: "#/components/schemas/ReadOnlyID" },
+        },
+      },
+    },
+  },
+})
+
 describe("OpenAPI.fromSpec", () => {
   test("covers a representative API from generation through execution", async () => {
     const resolutions: Array<string> = []
@@ -354,6 +401,550 @@ describe("OpenAPI.fromSpec", () => {
     expect(tool.output.$defs).toMatchObject({ Local: { type: "string" }, Global: { type: "number" } })
   })
 
+  test("projects read-only and write-only properties by schema direction", () => {
+    for (const version of ["3.0.3", "3.1.0"]) {
+      const tool = toolAt(OpenAPI.fromSpec({ baseUrl, spec: directionalSpec(version) }).tools, "users.create")
+      if (!Tool.isDefinition(tool) || !isRecord(tool.input) || !isRecord(tool.output)) {
+        throw new Error(`users.create was not generated for OpenAPI ${version}`)
+      }
+
+      expect(inputTypeScript(tool)).toBe(
+        "{ name: string; password: string; profile: { secret: string; label: string } }",
+      )
+      expect(outputTypeScript(tool)).toBe(
+        "{ id: string; name: string; profile: { createdAt: string; label: string }; generated: string }",
+      )
+
+      const requestDefinitions = isRecord(tool.input.$defs) ? tool.input.$defs : {}
+      const responseDefinitions = isRecord(tool.output.$defs) ? tool.output.$defs : {}
+      const requestUser = isRecord(requestDefinitions.User) ? requestDefinitions.User : {}
+      const responseUser = isRecord(responseDefinitions.User) ? responseDefinitions.User : {}
+      expect(Object.keys(isRecord(requestUser.properties) ? requestUser.properties : {})).toEqual([
+        "name",
+        "password",
+        "profile",
+      ])
+      expect(requestUser.required).toEqual(["name", "password", "profile"])
+      expect(Object.keys(isRecord(responseUser.properties) ? responseUser.properties : {})).toEqual([
+        "id",
+        "name",
+        "profile",
+        "generated",
+      ])
+      expect(responseUser.required).toEqual(["id", "name", "profile", "generated"])
+    }
+  })
+
+  test("projects directional annotations through local refs and allOf composition", () => {
+    const tool = toolAt(
+      OpenAPI.fromSpec({
+        baseUrl,
+        spec: singleOperation(
+          {
+            requestBody: {
+              required: true,
+              content: {
+                "application/json": {
+                  schema: {
+                    type: "object",
+                    additionalProperties: false,
+                    required: ["local", "composed", "name"],
+                    properties: {
+                      local: { $ref: "#/$defs/ReadOnlyValue" },
+                      composed: { allOf: [{ $ref: "#/$defs/ReadOnlyValue" }] },
+                      name: { type: "string" },
+                    },
+                    $defs: {
+                      ReadOnlyValue: { type: "string", readOnly: true },
+                    },
+                  },
+                },
+              },
+            },
+          },
+          "post",
+        ),
+      }).tools,
+      "test",
+    )
+    if (!Tool.isDefinition(tool)) throw new Error("test was not generated")
+
+    expect(inputTypeScript(tool)).toBe("{ name: string }")
+  })
+
+  test("honors declarations that are siblings of a $ref", () => {
+    const tool = toolAt(
+      OpenAPI.fromSpec({
+        baseUrl,
+        spec: {
+          openapi: "3.1.0",
+          paths: {
+            "/test": {
+              post: {
+                operationId: "test",
+                responses: { 200: { description: "Success" } },
+                requestBody: {
+                  required: true,
+                  content: {
+                    "application/json": {
+                      schema: {
+                        type: "object",
+                        additionalProperties: false,
+                        required: ["record"],
+                        properties: {
+                          record: {
+                            $ref: "#/components/schemas/Base",
+                            properties: { extra: { type: "string", readOnly: true }, note: { type: "string" } },
+                            required: ["extra", "note", "id"],
+                          },
+                        },
+                      },
+                    },
+                  },
+                },
+              },
+            },
+          },
+          components: {
+            schemas: {
+              Base: {
+                type: "object",
+                required: ["id", "name"],
+                properties: { id: { type: "string", readOnly: true }, name: { type: "string" } },
+              },
+            },
+          },
+        },
+      }).tools,
+      "test",
+    )
+    if (!Tool.isDefinition(tool) || !isRecord(tool.input)) throw new Error("test was not generated")
+    const properties = isRecord(tool.input.properties) ? tool.input.properties : {}
+    const record = isRecord(properties.record) ? properties.record : {}
+    const definitions = isRecord(tool.input.$defs) ? tool.input.$defs : {}
+    const base = isRecord(definitions.Base) ? definitions.Base : {}
+
+    expect(Object.keys(isRecord(record.properties) ? record.properties : {})).toEqual(["note"])
+    expect(record.required).toEqual(["note"])
+    expect(Object.keys(isRecord(base.properties) ? base.properties : {})).toEqual(["name"])
+    expect(base.required).toEqual(["name"])
+  })
+
+  test("honors directional declarations on intermediate reference hops", () => {
+    const tool = toolAt(
+      OpenAPI.fromSpec({
+        baseUrl,
+        spec: {
+          ...singleOperation(
+            {
+              requestBody: {
+                required: true,
+                content: {
+                  "application/json": {
+                    schema: {
+                      type: "object",
+                      additionalProperties: false,
+                      required: ["secret", "name"],
+                      properties: {
+                        // Hidden only by the sibling declaration on the middle hop.
+                        secret: { $ref: "#/components/schemas/Middle" },
+                        name: { type: "string" },
+                      },
+                    },
+                  },
+                },
+              },
+            },
+            "post",
+          ),
+          components: {
+            schemas: {
+              Middle: { $ref: "#/components/schemas/Plain", readOnly: true },
+              Plain: { type: "string" },
+            },
+          },
+        },
+      }).tools,
+      "test",
+    )
+    if (!Tool.isDefinition(tool)) throw new Error("test was not generated")
+
+    expect(inputTypeScript(tool)).toBe("{ name: string }")
+  })
+
+  test("projects cyclic component references without hanging", () => {
+    const tool = toolAt(
+      OpenAPI.fromSpec({
+        baseUrl,
+        spec: {
+          openapi: "3.1.0",
+          paths: {
+            "/test": {
+              post: {
+                operationId: "test",
+                responses: { 200: { description: "Success" } },
+                requestBody: {
+                  required: true,
+                  content: { "application/json": { schema: { $ref: "#/components/schemas/Node" } } },
+                },
+              },
+            },
+          },
+          components: {
+            schemas: {
+              Node: {
+                type: "object",
+                required: ["id", "name", "child"],
+                properties: {
+                  id: { type: "string", readOnly: true },
+                  name: { type: "string" },
+                  child: { $ref: "#/components/schemas/Node" },
+                },
+              },
+            },
+          },
+        },
+      }).tools,
+      "test",
+    )
+    if (!Tool.isDefinition(tool) || !isRecord(tool.input)) throw new Error("test was not generated")
+    const definitions = isRecord(tool.input.$defs) ? tool.input.$defs : {}
+    const node = isRecord(definitions.Node) ? definitions.Node : {}
+
+    expect(Object.keys(isRecord(node.properties) ? node.properties : {})).toEqual(["name", "child"])
+    expect(node.required).toEqual(["name", "child"])
+  })
+
+  test("projects diamond-shaped reference graphs in linear time", () => {
+    // Each component references the next twice; without memoized hidden-ness this is 2^30 work.
+    const depth = 30
+    const schemas = Object.fromEntries(
+      Array.from({ length: depth }, (_, index) => [
+        `C${index}`,
+        index === depth - 1
+          ? { type: "object", properties: { id: { type: "string", readOnly: true }, name: { type: "string" } } }
+          : { allOf: [{ $ref: `#/components/schemas/C${index + 1}` }, { $ref: `#/components/schemas/C${index + 1}` }] },
+      ]),
+    )
+    const tool = toolAt(
+      OpenAPI.fromSpec({
+        baseUrl,
+        spec: {
+          openapi: "3.1.0",
+          paths: {
+            "/test": {
+              post: {
+                operationId: "test",
+                responses: { 200: { description: "Success" } },
+                requestBody: {
+                  required: true,
+                  content: { "application/json": { schema: { $ref: "#/components/schemas/C0" } } },
+                },
+              },
+            },
+          },
+          components: { schemas },
+        },
+      }).tools,
+      "test",
+    )
+    if (!Tool.isDefinition(tool) || !isRecord(tool.input)) throw new Error("test was not generated")
+    const definitions = isRecord(tool.input.$defs) ? tool.input.$defs : {}
+    const leaf = isRecord(definitions[`C${depth - 1}`]) ? definitions[`C${depth - 1}`] : {}
+
+    expect(Object.keys(isRecord(leaf.properties) ? leaf.properties : {})).toEqual(["name"])
+  })
+
+  test("resolves hiding through reference cycles regardless of evaluation order", () => {
+    // `Wrap` is hidden only through the cycle member `Loop`; evaluating a property that
+    // enters the cycle at `Loop` first must not freeze a provisional result for `Wrap`.
+    const schemas = {
+      Wrap: { allOf: [{ $ref: "#/components/schemas/Loop" }] },
+      Loop: { allOf: [{ $ref: "#/components/schemas/Wrap" }, { readOnly: true }] },
+    }
+    const body = (properties: Record<string, unknown>) => ({
+      required: true,
+      content: {
+        "application/json": {
+          schema: {
+            type: "object",
+            additionalProperties: false,
+            required: [...Object.keys(properties), "name"],
+            properties: { ...properties, name: { type: "string" } },
+          },
+        },
+      },
+    })
+    for (const properties of [
+      { a: { $ref: "#/components/schemas/Loop" }, b: { $ref: "#/components/schemas/Wrap" } },
+      { a: { $ref: "#/components/schemas/Wrap" }, b: { $ref: "#/components/schemas/Loop" } },
+    ]) {
+      const tool = toolAt(
+        OpenAPI.fromSpec({
+          baseUrl,
+          spec: { ...singleOperation({ requestBody: body(properties) }, "post"), components: { schemas } },
+        }).tools,
+        "test",
+      )
+      if (!Tool.isDefinition(tool)) throw new Error("test was not generated")
+
+      expect(inputTypeScript(tool)).toBe("{ name: string }")
+    }
+  })
+
+  test("keeps not, if, and contains subschemas unprojected", () => {
+    const tool = toolAt(
+      OpenAPI.fromSpec({
+        baseUrl,
+        spec: singleOperation(
+          {
+            requestBody: {
+              required: true,
+              content: {
+                "application/json": {
+                  schema: {
+                    type: "object",
+                    additionalProperties: false,
+                    required: ["record"],
+                    properties: {
+                      record: {
+                        type: "object",
+                        // Removing `secret` here would turn `not` unsatisfiable and
+                        // flip which branch of `if` applies; both must pass through.
+                        not: { required: ["secret"], properties: { secret: { type: "string", readOnly: true } } },
+                        if: { required: ["kind"], properties: { kind: { type: "string", readOnly: true } } },
+                      },
+                    },
+                  },
+                },
+              },
+            },
+          },
+          "post",
+        ),
+      }).tools,
+      "test",
+    )
+    if (!Tool.isDefinition(tool) || !isRecord(tool.input)) throw new Error("test was not generated")
+    const properties = isRecord(tool.input.properties) ? tool.input.properties : {}
+    const record: Record<string, unknown> = isRecord(properties.record) ? properties.record : {}
+
+    expect(record.not).toEqual({ required: ["secret"], properties: { secret: { type: "string", readOnly: true } } })
+    expect(record.if).toEqual({ required: ["kind"], properties: { kind: { type: "string", readOnly: true } } })
+  })
+
+  test("does not hide properties whose direction is declared only in anyOf or oneOf alternatives", () => {
+    // Deliberate scope bound: alternatives may apply, so a directional declaration on
+    // one alternative does not hide the property; the annotation is preserved as-is.
+    const tool = toolAt(
+      OpenAPI.fromSpec({
+        baseUrl,
+        spec: singleOperation(
+          {
+            requestBody: {
+              required: true,
+              content: {
+                "application/json": {
+                  schema: {
+                    type: "object",
+                    additionalProperties: false,
+                    required: ["choice", "pick"],
+                    properties: {
+                      choice: { anyOf: [{ type: "string", readOnly: true }, { type: "number" }] },
+                      pick: { oneOf: [{ type: "string", readOnly: true }, { type: "number" }] },
+                    },
+                  },
+                },
+              },
+            },
+          },
+          "post",
+        ),
+      }).tools,
+      "test",
+    )
+    if (!Tool.isDefinition(tool) || !isRecord(tool.input)) throw new Error("test was not generated")
+    const properties = isRecord(tool.input.properties) ? tool.input.properties : {}
+    const choice: Record<string, unknown> = isRecord(properties.choice) ? properties.choice : {}
+    const pick: Record<string, unknown> = isRecord(properties.pick) ? properties.pick : {}
+
+    expect(Object.keys(properties)).toEqual(["choice", "pick"])
+    expect(choice.anyOf).toEqual([{ type: "string", readOnly: true }, { type: "number" }])
+    expect(pick.oneOf).toEqual([{ type: "string", readOnly: true }, { type: "number" }])
+  })
+
+  test("does not misresolve shadowed local $defs when flattening body fields", () => {
+    const tool = toolAt(
+      OpenAPI.fromSpec({
+        baseUrl,
+        spec: singleOperation(
+          {
+            requestBody: {
+              required: true,
+              content: {
+                "application/json": {
+                  schema: {
+                    type: "object",
+                    additionalProperties: false,
+                    required: ["record"],
+                    $defs: { Value: { type: "string" } },
+                    properties: {
+                      record: {
+                        type: "object",
+                        required: ["x"],
+                        properties: { x: { $ref: "#/$defs/Value" } },
+                        // Shadows the body-level Value; must not affect the body-rooted projection.
+                        $defs: { Value: { type: "string", readOnly: true } },
+                      },
+                    },
+                  },
+                },
+              },
+            },
+          },
+          "post",
+        ),
+      }).tools,
+      "test",
+    )
+    if (!Tool.isDefinition(tool) || !isRecord(tool.input)) throw new Error("test was not generated")
+    const properties = isRecord(tool.input.properties) ? tool.input.properties : {}
+    const record = isRecord(properties.record) ? properties.record : {}
+
+    expect(Object.keys(isRecord(record.properties) ? record.properties : {})).toEqual(["x"])
+    expect(record.required).toEqual(["x"])
+  })
+
+  test("projects directional annotations inside parameter schemas", () => {
+    const tool = toolAt(
+      OpenAPI.fromSpec({
+        baseUrl,
+        spec: singleOperation({
+          parameters: [
+            {
+              name: "filter",
+              in: "query",
+              required: true,
+              schema: {
+                type: "object",
+                required: ["state", "id"],
+                properties: { state: { type: "string" }, id: { type: "string", readOnly: true } },
+              },
+            },
+          ],
+        }),
+      }).tools,
+      "test",
+    )
+    if (!Tool.isDefinition(tool)) throw new Error("test was not generated")
+
+    expect(inputTypeScript(tool)).toBe("{ filter: { state: string } }")
+  })
+
+  test("ignores inherited directional annotations", () => {
+    const inherited: Record<string, unknown> = { type: "string" }
+    Object.setPrototypeOf(inherited, { readOnly: true })
+    const tool = toolAt(
+      OpenAPI.fromSpec({
+        baseUrl,
+        spec: singleOperation({
+          parameters: [
+            {
+              name: "filter",
+              in: "query",
+              required: true,
+              schema: {
+                type: "object",
+                // The own annotation on `id` keeps projection active for the document,
+                // so `value` pins that prototype-inherited annotations are not read.
+                properties: { value: inherited, id: { type: "string", readOnly: true } },
+                required: ["value", "id"],
+              },
+            },
+          ],
+        }),
+      }).tools,
+      "test",
+    )
+    if (!Tool.isDefinition(tool)) throw new Error("test was not generated")
+
+    expect(inputTypeScript(tool)).toBe("{ filter: { value: string } }")
+  })
+
+  test("cleans required properties across allOf branches", () => {
+    const tool = toolAt(
+      OpenAPI.fromSpec({
+        baseUrl,
+        spec: singleOperation(
+          {
+            requestBody: {
+              required: true,
+              content: {
+                "application/json": {
+                  schema: {
+                    type: "object",
+                    required: ["id", "name"],
+                    allOf: [
+                      {
+                        type: "object",
+                        required: ["id", "name"],
+                        properties: { id: { type: "string", readOnly: true }, name: { type: "string" } },
+                      },
+                    ],
+                  },
+                },
+              },
+            },
+          },
+          "post",
+        ),
+      }).tools,
+      "test",
+    )
+    if (!Tool.isDefinition(tool) || !isRecord(tool.input)) throw new Error("test was not generated")
+    const properties = isRecord(tool.input.properties) ? tool.input.properties : {}
+    const body = isRecord(properties.body) ? properties.body : {}
+    const allOf = Array.isArray(body.allOf) ? body.allOf : []
+    const branch = isRecord(allOf[0]) ? allOf[0] : {}
+
+    expect(body.required).toEqual(["name"])
+    expect(branch.required).toEqual(["name"])
+    expect(Object.keys(isRecord(branch.properties) ? branch.properties : {})).toEqual(["name"])
+  })
+
+  test("keeps directional schemas model-facing while preserving runtime pass-through", async () => {
+    const client = recordingClient(() =>
+      json({
+        id: "server-id",
+        name: "Ada",
+        password: "returned-by-server",
+        profile: { createdAt: "today", secret: "returned-secret", label: "primary" },
+        generated: "generated-id",
+      }),
+    )
+    const tool = toolAt(OpenAPI.fromSpec({ baseUrl, spec: directionalSpec("3.1.0") }).tools, "users.create")
+    if (!Tool.isDefinition(tool)) throw new Error("users.create was not generated")
+
+    const result = await Effect.runPromise(
+      tool
+        .run({
+          id: "ignored-top-level",
+          generated: "ignored-generated",
+          name: "Ada",
+          password: "request-secret",
+          profile: { createdAt: "sent-nested", secret: "nested-secret", label: "primary" },
+        })
+        .pipe(Effect.provide(client.layer)),
+    )
+
+    expect(client.requests[0]?.body).toEqual({
+      name: "Ada",
+      password: "request-secret",
+      profile: { createdAt: "sent-nested", secret: "nested-secret", label: "primary" },
+    })
+    expect(result).toMatchObject({ password: "returned-by-server", profile: { secret: "returned-secret" } })
+  })
+
   test("documents that the opencode fixture is unauthenticated", async () => {
     const spec = await opencodeSpec()
     const components = isRecord(spec.components) ? spec.components : {}
@@ -525,9 +1116,9 @@ describe("OpenAPI.fromSpec", () => {
     expect(client.requests[0]?.url).toBe(
       `${baseUrl}/test?tags=first+value&tags=second%26value&state=open+now&page=2&location%5Bdirectory%5D=%2Ftmp%2Fa+b&location%5Bworkspace%5D=work%261`,
     )
-    await expect(
-      Effect.runPromise(tool.run({ tags: [{}] }).pipe(Effect.provide(client.layer))),
-    ).rejects.toThrow("Parameter 'tags' contains an unsupported nested value.")
+    await expect(Effect.runPromise(tool.run({ tags: [{}] }).pipe(Effect.provide(client.layer)))).rejects.toThrow(
+      "Parameter 'tags' contains an unsupported nested value.",
+    )
     await expect(
       Effect.runPromise(tool.run({ filter: { state: {} } }).pipe(Effect.provide(client.layer))),
     ).rejects.toThrow("Query parameter 'filter' contains an unsupported nested value.")

packages/codemode/test/parity.test.ts

@@ -258,11 +258,23 @@ describe("H1: NaN/Infinity flow as intermediates and normalize to null at the bo
 
   test("copyOut normalizes non-finite numbers to null (the shared return + tool-arg boundary)", () => {
     // Tool-call arguments funnel through copyOut too, so this one function pins both boundaries.
-    expect(ToolRuntime.copyOut(NaN)).toBeNull()
-    expect(ToolRuntime.copyOut(Infinity)).toBeNull()
-    expect(ToolRuntime.copyOut(-Infinity)).toBeNull()
-    expect(ToolRuntime.copyOut(42)).toBe(42)
-    expect(ToolRuntime.copyOut({ a: NaN, b: [Infinity, 1] })).toEqual({ a: null, b: [null, 1] })
+    expect(ToolRuntime.copyOut(NaN, "json")).toBeNull()
+    expect(ToolRuntime.copyOut(Infinity, "json")).toBeNull()
+    expect(ToolRuntime.copyOut(-Infinity, "nullify")).toBeNull()
+    expect(ToolRuntime.copyOut(42, "json")).toBe(42)
+    expect(ToolRuntime.copyOut({ a: NaN, b: [Infinity, 1] }, "json")).toEqual({ a: null, b: [null, 1] })
+  })
+})
+
+describe("copyOut undefined handling per boundary mode", () => {
+  test("json mode mirrors JSON.stringify for undefined", () => {
+    expect(ToolRuntime.copyOut({ q: undefined, keep: 1 }, "json")).toStrictEqual({ keep: 1 })
+    expect(ToolRuntime.copyOut([1, undefined, 2], "json")).toStrictEqual([1, null, 2])
+    expect(ToolRuntime.copyOut({ nested: { a: undefined, b: [undefined] } }, "json")).toStrictEqual({
+      nested: { b: [null] },
+    })
+    expect(ToolRuntime.copyOut(undefined, "json")).toBeUndefined()
+    expect(ToolRuntime.copyOut({ a: undefined }, "nullify")).toStrictEqual({ a: null })
   })
 })
 
@@ -669,3 +681,177 @@ describe("destructuring assignment", () => {
     expect(err.message).toContain("Property key must be a string or number")
   })
 })
+
+describe("coercion parity: zero-argument coercion functions", () => {
+  test("Number() is 0 and String() is empty, unlike their undefined-argument forms", async () => {
+    expect(await value(`return Number()`)).toBe(0)
+    expect(await value(`return String()`)).toBe("")
+    expect(await value(`return Boolean()`)).toBe(false)
+    expect(await value(`return Number.isNaN(Number(undefined))`)).toBe(true)
+    expect(await value(`return String(undefined)`)).toBe("undefined")
+  })
+
+  test("parseInt() and parseFloat() stay NaN with no argument", async () => {
+    expect(await value(`return Number.isNaN(parseInt())`)).toBe(true)
+    expect(await value(`return Number.isNaN(parseFloat())`)).toBe(true)
+  })
+})
+
+describe("coercion parity: global isFinite and isNaN", () => {
+  test("coerce their argument like native JS, unlike the Number statics", async () => {
+    expect(await value(`return isFinite("42")`)).toBe(true)
+    expect(await value(`return Number.isFinite("42")`)).toBe(false)
+    expect(await value(`return isNaN("oops")`)).toBe(true)
+    expect(await value(`return isNaN("42")`)).toBe(false)
+    expect(await value(`return isFinite(Infinity)`)).toBe(false)
+    expect(await value(`return isNaN(null)`)).toBe(false)
+  })
+
+  test("zero-argument forms match native", async () => {
+    expect(await value(`return isFinite()`)).toBe(false)
+    expect(await value(`return isNaN()`)).toBe(true)
+  })
+
+  test("read as functions", async () => {
+    expect(await value(`return typeof isFinite`)).toBe("function")
+    expect(await value(`return typeof isNaN`)).toBe("function")
+  })
+
+  test("work as array callbacks", async () => {
+    expect(await value(`return [1, "2", "x", Infinity].filter(isFinite)`)).toEqual([1, "2"])
+    expect(await value(`return ["1", "x"].map(isNaN)`)).toEqual([false, true])
+  })
+})
+
+describe("coercion parity: arrays coerce to numbers through their string form", () => {
+  test("arrays with objects become NaN instead of crashing on host ToPrimitive", async () => {
+    expect(await value(`let x = [{}]; x++; return Number.isNaN(x)`)).toBe(true)
+    expect(await value(`return isFinite([{}])`)).toBe(false)
+    expect(await value(`return "abc".slice([{}])`)).toBe("abc")
+  })
+
+  test("single-element and empty arrays match native Number()", async () => {
+    expect(await value(`return Number([5])`)).toBe(5)
+    expect(await value(`return Number([])`)).toBe(0)
+    expect(await value(`return Number.isNaN(Number([1, 2]))`)).toBe(true)
+  })
+})
+
+describe("coercion parity: String method arguments coerce like native JS", () => {
+  test("includes and indexOf coerce numbers", async () => {
+    expect(await value(`return "v1.2".includes(1)`)).toBe(true)
+    expect(await value(`return "a2b".indexOf(2)`)).toBe(1)
+    expect(await value(`return "abc".includes("d")`)).toBe(false)
+  })
+
+  test("slice, repeat, and padStart coerce numeric strings", async () => {
+    expect(await value(`return "abc".slice("1")`)).toBe("bc")
+    expect(await value(`return "ab".repeat("2")`)).toBe("abab")
+    expect(await value(`return "7".padStart("3", 0)`)).toBe("007")
+  })
+
+  test("split coerces separators but treats undefined as absent", async () => {
+    expect(await value(`return "a1b".split(1)`)).toEqual(["a", "b"])
+    expect(await value(`return "a,b".split(undefined)`)).toEqual(["a,b"])
+    expect(await value(`return "a,b".split()`)).toEqual(["a,b"])
+    expect(await value(`return "a,b".split(undefined, 0)`)).toEqual([])
+    expect(await value(`return "a,b".split(undefined, 1)`)).toEqual(["a,b"])
+  })
+
+  test("replace coerces search and replacement values", async () => {
+    expect(await value(`return "a1b".replace(1, 2)`)).toBe("a2b")
+    expect(await value(`return "a1b".replace(1, () => "x")`)).toBe("axb")
+  })
+
+  test("repeat rejections carry the native RangeError name", async () => {
+    expect(await value(`try { "a".repeat(-1) } catch (e) { return e.name }`)).toBe("RangeError")
+  })
+
+  test("includes, startsWith, and endsWith reject regular expressions with a TypeError", async () => {
+    expect(await value(`try { "abc".includes(/a/) } catch (e) { return e.name }`)).toBe("TypeError")
+    expect(await value(`try { "abc".startsWith(/a/) } catch (e) { return e.name }`)).toBe("TypeError")
+    expect(await value(`try { "abc".endsWith(/a/) } catch (e) { return e.name }`)).toBe("TypeError")
+  })
+
+  test("opaque runtime references still reject as data errors", async () => {
+    const err = await error(`const f = () => 1; return "abc".includes(f)`)
+    expect(err.message).toContain("data value")
+    const replacerErr = await error(`const f = () => 1; return "a".replace(f, () => "x")`)
+    expect(replacerErr.message).toContain("data value")
+  })
+})
+
+describe("coercion parity: match() and search() with no argument", () => {
+  test("behave as an empty pattern like native JS", async () => {
+    expect(await value(`return "abc".search()`)).toBe(0)
+    expect(await value(`const m = "abc".match(); return { first: m[0], index: m.index }`)).toEqual({
+      first: "",
+      index: 0,
+    })
+  })
+})
+
+describe("coercion parity: ++ and -- use CodeMode numeric coercion", () => {
+  test("numeric strings increment like native JS", async () => {
+    expect(await value(`let x = "5"; x++; return x`)).toBe(6)
+    expect(await value(`let x = "5"; return ++x`)).toBe(6)
+    expect(await value(`const o = { n: "2" }; o.n--; return o.n`)).toBe(1)
+  })
+
+  test("dates increment through their epoch time", async () => {
+    expect(await value(`let d = new Date(5); d++; return d`)).toBe(6)
+  })
+
+  test("plain data objects become NaN instead of crashing", async () => {
+    expect(await value(`let x = {}; x++; return Number.isNaN(x)`)).toBe(true)
+    expect(await value(`const o = { a: {} }; o.a++; return Number.isNaN(o.a)`)).toBe(true)
+  })
+
+  test("opaque runtime references reject with a clear error", async () => {
+    const err = await error(`let f = () => 1; f++`)
+    expect(err.message).toContain("data value")
+  })
+})
+
+describe("coercion parity: unknown static members read as undefined", () => {
+  test("feature detection on missing statics works like native JS", async () => {
+    expect(await value(`return typeof Math.sumPrecise`)).toBe("undefined")
+    expect(await value(`return Object.groupBy === undefined`)).toBe(true)
+    expect(await value(`return RegExp.escape === undefined`)).toBe(true)
+    expect(await value(`return Number.range === undefined`)).toBe(true)
+    expect(await value(`return String.raw === undefined`)).toBe(true)
+    expect(await value(`return isFinite.something === undefined`)).toBe(true)
+    expect(await value(`return console.group === undefined`)).toBe(true)
+    expect(await value(`return Date.moment === undefined`)).toBe(true)
+    expect(await value(`return JSON.rawJSON === undefined`)).toBe(true)
+    expect(await value(`return URL.createObjectURL === undefined`)).toBe(true)
+    expect(await value(`return Map.groupBy === undefined`)).toBe(true)
+    expect(await value(`return Math.sumPrecise?.([1]) ?? "fallback"`)).toBe("fallback")
+  })
+
+  test("known statics still resolve and run", async () => {
+    expect(await value(`return typeof Math.max`)).toBe("function")
+    expect(await value(`return typeof console.log`)).toBe("function")
+    expect(await value(`return typeof Date.now`)).toBe("function")
+    expect(await value(`return Math.max(1, 2)`)).toBe(2)
+    expect(await value(`return URL.canParse("https://example.com")`)).toBe(true)
+    expect(await value(`return Number.isInteger(3)`)).toBe(true)
+    expect(await value(`return Number.MAX_SAFE_INTEGER`)).toBe(Number.MAX_SAFE_INTEGER)
+  })
+
+  test("calling an unknown static reports a native-style TypeError", async () => {
+    expect(await value(`try { Math.sumPrecise([1]) } catch (e) { return e.name + ": " + e.message }`)).toBe(
+      "TypeError: Math.sumPrecise is not a function.",
+    )
+    expect(await value(`try { Math["sumPrecise"]([1]) } catch (e) { return e.message }`)).toBe(
+      "Math.sumPrecise is not a function.",
+    )
+  })
+
+  test("blocked members still throw instead of reading as undefined", async () => {
+    const err = await error(`return Math.constructor`)
+    expect(err.message).toContain("not available")
+    const coercionErr = await error(`return Number.constructor`)
+    expect(coercionErr.message).toContain("Number.constructor is not available")
+  })
+})

packages/core/src/aisdk.ts

@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@ import {
   type UsageInput,
 } from "@opencode-ai/ai"
 import { Auth, Endpoint, type AnyRoute } from "@opencode-ai/ai/route"
+import { ProviderShared } from "@opencode-ai/ai/protocols/shared"
 import { Cause, Context, Effect, Layer, Option, Schema, Scope, Stream } from "effect"
 import { ModelV2 } from "./model"
 import { ProviderV2 } from "./provider"
@@ -605,6 +606,7 @@ function streamPartEvents(
         LLMEvent.toolInputStart({
           id: event.id,
           name: event.toolName,
+          providerExecuted: event.providerExecuted,
           providerMetadata: providerMetadata(event.providerMetadata),
         }),
       ])
@@ -622,15 +624,28 @@ function streamPartEvents(
       ])
     case "tool-call":
       state.toolNames[event.toolCallId] = event.toolName
-      return Effect.succeed([
-        LLMEvent.toolCall({
-          id: event.toolCallId,
-          name: event.toolName,
-          input: parseToolInput(event.input),
-          providerExecuted: event.providerExecuted,
-          providerMetadata: providerMetadata(event.providerMetadata),
-        }),
-      ])
+      return ProviderShared.parseToolInput("aisdk", event.toolName, event.input).pipe(
+        Effect.map((input) => [
+          LLMEvent.toolCall({
+            id: event.toolCallId,
+            name: event.toolName,
+            input,
+            providerExecuted: event.providerExecuted,
+            providerMetadata: providerMetadata(event.providerMetadata),
+          }),
+        ]),
+        Effect.catch((error) =>
+          event.providerExecuted
+            ? Effect.fail(error)
+            : Effect.succeed([
+                LLMEvent.toolInputError({
+                  id: event.toolCallId,
+                  name: event.toolName,
+                  raw: event.input,
+                }),
+              ]),
+        ),
+      )
     case "tool-result":
       delete state.toolNames[event.toolCallId]
       return Effect.succeed([
@@ -685,14 +700,6 @@ function providerMetadata(value: unknown) {
   return Schema.is(ProviderMetadata)(value) ? value : undefined
 }
 
-function parseToolInput(value: string) {
-  try {
-    return JSON.parse(value) as unknown
-  } catch {
-    return value
-  }
-}
-
 function jsonObject(input: Record<string, unknown>) {
   return Object.fromEntries(Object.entries(input).map(([key, value]) => [key, jsonValue(value)]))
 }

packages/core/src/config/mcp.ts

@@ -23,6 +23,9 @@ export class Local extends Schema.Class<Local>("ConfigV2.MCP.Local")({
   }),
   environment: Schema.Record(Schema.String, Schema.String).pipe(Schema.optional),
   disabled: Schema.Boolean.pipe(Schema.optional),
+  codemode: Schema.Boolean.pipe(Schema.optional).annotate({
+    description: "Expose this server's tools through Code Mode. Defaults to true.",
+  }),
   timeout: Timeout.pipe(Schema.optional),
 }) {}
 
@@ -40,6 +43,9 @@ export class Remote extends Schema.Class<Remote>("ConfigV2.MCP.Remote")({
   headers: Schema.Record(Schema.String, Schema.String).pipe(Schema.optional),
   oauth: Schema.Union([OAuth, Schema.Literal(false)]).pipe(Schema.optional),
   disabled: Schema.Boolean.pipe(Schema.optional),
+  codemode: Schema.Boolean.pipe(Schema.optional).annotate({
+    description: "Expose this server's tools through Code Mode. Defaults to true.",
+  }),
   timeout: Timeout.pipe(Schema.optional),
 }) {}
 

packages/core/src/integration.ts

@@ -70,6 +70,7 @@ export type Inputs = Integration.Inputs
 export type OAuthAuthorization = {
   readonly url: string
   readonly instructions: string
+  readonly expiresAt?: number
 } & (
   | {
       readonly mode: "auto"
@@ -560,7 +561,7 @@ const layer = Layer.effect(
       )
       const id = AttemptID.create()
       const created = yield* Clock.currentTimeMillis
-      const time = { created, expires: created + attemptLifetime }
+      const time = { created, expires: authorization.expiresAt ?? created + attemptLifetime }
       yield* SynchronizedRef.update(attempts, (current) =>
         new Map(current).set(id, {
           status: "pending",

packages/core/src/location-mutation.ts

@@ -12,8 +12,8 @@ export const Kind = Schema.Literals(["file", "directory"])
 export type Kind = typeof Kind.Type
 
 /**
- * Mutation paths do not accept project references. Relative paths must stay
- * inside the active Location. Absolute paths outside it require separate
+ * Mutation paths do not accept project references. Relative paths resolve
+ * from the active Location. Paths outside it require separate
  * `external_directory` approval.
  */
 export const ResolveInput = Schema.Struct({
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ export type ResolveInput = typeof ResolveInput.Type
 
 export class PathError extends Schema.TaggedErrorClass<PathError>()("LocationMutation.PathError", {
   path: Schema.String,
-  reason: Schema.Literals(["relative_escape", "location_escape", "non_directory_ancestor"]),
+  reason: Schema.Literals(["location_escape", "non_directory_ancestor"]),
 }) {}
 
 export interface ExternalDirectoryAuthorization {
@@ -53,9 +53,9 @@ export interface Target {
 
 export interface Interface {
   /**
-   * Resolve a path and derive its permission resources. Relative paths must
-   * stay inside the Location. Absolute paths outside it require separate
-   * `external_directory` approval. This does not approve the mutation.
+   * Resolve a path and derive its permission resources. Relative paths resolve
+   * from the Location. Paths outside it require separate `external_directory`
+   * approval. This does not approve the mutation.
    */
   readonly resolve: (input: ResolveInput) => Effect.Effect<Target, PathError | FSUtil.Error>
 }
@@ -120,10 +120,8 @@ const layer = Layer.effect(
     })
 
     const resolve = Effect.fn("LocationMutation.resolve")(function* (input: ResolveInput) {
-      const relative = !path.isAbsolute(input.path)
       const absolute = path.resolve(location.directory, input.path)
       const lexicallyInternal = FSUtil.contains(location.directory, absolute)
-      if (relative && !lexicallyInternal) return yield* new PathError({ path: input.path, reason: "relative_escape" })
 
       const resolved = yield* resolvePath(absolute)
       if (lexicallyInternal && !FSUtil.contains(locationRoot, resolved.canonical)) {
@@ -146,10 +144,7 @@ const layer = Layer.effect(
               directory: externalDirectory,
               resource: externalResource,
               save: slash(
-                path.join(
-                  (yield* Project.root(fs, AbsolutePath.make(externalDirectory))) ?? externalDirectory,
-                  "*",
-                ),
+                path.join((yield* Project.root(fs, AbsolutePath.make(externalDirectory))) ?? externalDirectory, "*"),
               ),
             }
           : undefined,

packages/core/src/mcp/index.ts

@@ -13,8 +13,10 @@ import { EventV2 } from "../event"
 import { Form } from "../form"
 import { Integration } from "../integration"
 import { IntegrationConnection } from "../integration/connection"
+import { KeyedMutex } from "../effect/keyed-mutex"
 import { Location } from "../location"
 import { waitForAbort } from "../process"
+import { State } from "../state"
 import { MCPClient } from "./client"
 import { MCPOAuth } from "./oauth"
 
@@ -40,6 +42,7 @@ export class ServerInstructions extends Schema.Class<ServerInstructions>("MCP.Se
 export class Tool extends Schema.Class<Tool>("MCP.Tool")({
   server: ServerName,
   name: Schema.String,
+  codemode: Schema.Boolean.pipe(Schema.optional),
   description: Schema.String.pipe(Schema.optional),
   inputSchema: Schema.Unknown.pipe(Schema.optional),
   outputSchema: Schema.Unknown.pipe(Schema.optional),
@@ -118,6 +121,7 @@ type ServerEntry = {
   prompts?: ReadonlyArray<Prompt>
   // Set when a remote server is registered as an OAuth integration; the credential lives in the global store.
   integrationID?: Integration.ID
+  registration?: State.Registration
 }
 
 // MCP elicitations are Location-scoped, not Session-scoped: the server cannot attribute them to a
@@ -127,6 +131,10 @@ const URL_ELICITATION_FIELD_KEY = "elicitation"
 
 export interface Interface {
   readonly servers: () => Effect.Effect<ServerInfo[]>
+  readonly add: (server: ServerName | string, config: typeof ConfigMCP.Server.Type) => Effect.Effect<void>
+  readonly connect: (server: ServerName | string) => Effect.Effect<void, NotFoundError>
+  readonly disconnect: (server: ServerName | string) => Effect.Effect<void, NotFoundError>
+  readonly remove: (server: ServerName | string) => Effect.Effect<void, NotFoundError>
   readonly tools: () => Effect.Effect<Tool[]>
   readonly callTool: (input: {
     readonly server: ServerName | string
@@ -170,6 +178,9 @@ export const layer = Layer.effect(
     )
     // Later config files win for duplicate server names; per-server timeout overrides globals.
     const runtime = new Map<ServerName, ServerEntry>()
+    // Serializes lifecycle operations per server. Anything taking this lock from a connection
+    // callback must stay forked: lifecycle operations close scopes while holding it, firing onClose.
+    const locks = KeyedMutex.makeUnsafe<ServerName>()
     const urlElicitations = new Map<string, Form.ID>()
     for (const entry of documents) {
       for (const [name, server] of Object.entries(entry.info.mcp?.servers ?? {})) {
@@ -183,14 +194,9 @@ export const layer = Layer.effect(
 
     // Register every remote server as an OAuth integration so credentials live in the global store
     // rather than in committed config. Servers that connect anonymously simply never use the method.
-    const registrations: Array<{
-      readonly name: ServerName
-      readonly remote: typeof ConfigMCP.Remote.Type
-      readonly integrationID: Integration.ID
-      readonly methodID: Integration.MethodID
-    }> = []
-    for (const [name, entry] of runtime) {
-      if (entry.config.type !== "remote" || entry.config.oauth === false) continue
+    const owned = new Set<Integration.ID>()
+    const register = Effect.fnUntraced(function* (name: ServerName, entry: ServerEntry) {
+      if (entry.config.type !== "remote" || entry.config.oauth === false) return
       const remote = entry.config
       // Key identity on name + url, not url alone: two configs for the same url under different names are
       // distinct logical servers that may hold different accounts, so they must not share a credential row.
@@ -200,27 +206,29 @@ export const layer = Layer.effect(
           .update(name + "\u0000" + remote.url)
           .digest("hex")
           .slice(0, 16)
-      entry.integrationID = Integration.ID.make(suffix)
-      registrations.push({
-        name,
-        remote,
-        integrationID: entry.integrationID,
-        methodID: Integration.MethodID.make(suffix),
-      })
-    }
-    if (registrations.length > 0)
-      yield* integration.transform((draft) => {
-        for (const reg of registrations) {
-          draft.update(reg.integrationID, (ref) => {
-            ref.name = reg.name
+      const integrationID = Integration.ID.make(suffix)
+      entry.integrationID = integrationID
+      owned.add(integrationID)
+      const methodID = Integration.MethodID.make(suffix)
+      // Each registration gets its own child scope so disposal detaches it from the root scope
+      // entirely; registering directly on root would accumulate a dead finalizer per replaced or
+      // removed server for the lifetime of the layer.
+      const scope = yield* Scope.fork(root)
+      entry.registration = { dispose: Scope.close(scope, Exit.void) }
+      yield* integration
+        .transform((draft) => {
+          draft.update(integrationID, (ref) => {
+            ref.name = name
           })
           draft.method.update({
-            integrationID: reg.integrationID,
-            method: { id: reg.methodID, type: "oauth", label: reg.name },
-            authorize: () => MCPOAuth.authorize({ name: reg.name, config: reg.remote, methodID: reg.methodID }),
+            integrationID,
+            method: { id: methodID, type: "oauth", label: name },
+            authorize: () => MCPOAuth.authorize({ name, config: remote, methodID }),
           })
-        }
-      })
+        })
+        .pipe(Scope.provide(scope))
+    })
+    yield* Effect.forEach(runtime, ([name, entry]) => register(name, entry), { discard: true })
 
     const requireServer = Effect.fnUntraced(function* (server: ServerName | string) {
       const name = ServerName.make(server)
@@ -360,10 +368,11 @@ export const layer = Layer.effect(
         }),
     } satisfies MCPClient.ElicitationHandler
 
-    const toTool = (server: ServerName, def: MCPClient.ToolDefinition) =>
+    const toTool = (server: ServerName, entry: ServerEntry, def: MCPClient.ToolDefinition) =>
       new Tool({
         server,
         name: def.name,
+        codemode: entry.config.codemode,
         description: def.description,
         inputSchema: def.inputSchema,
         outputSchema: def.outputSchema,
@@ -405,7 +414,7 @@ export const layer = Layer.effect(
     const refreshTools = (name: ServerName, entry: ServerEntry, connection: MCPClient.Connection) =>
       connection.tools().pipe(
         Effect.map((defs) => {
-          entry.tools = defs.map((def) => toTool(name, def))
+          entry.tools = defs.map((def) => toTool(name, entry, def))
         }),
       )
 
@@ -420,36 +429,44 @@ export const layer = Layer.effect(
         ),
       )
 
-    const watch = (name: ServerName, entry: ServerEntry, connection: MCPClient.Connection) => {
-      connection.onClose(() => {
-        // A reconnect closes the previous scope, but the SDK may fire this onclose after the new
-        // connection is already assigned; ignore the stale close so it can't null out the live client.
-        if (entry.client !== connection) return
-        entry.client = undefined
-        entry.tools = undefined
-        entry.prompts = undefined
-        entry.status = { status: "failed", error: "Connection closed" }
-        fork(events.publish(McpEvent.ToolsChanged, { server: name }).pipe(Effect.ignore))
-        fork(events.publish(McpEvent.ResourcesChanged, { server: name }).pipe(Effect.ignore))
-        fork(events.publish(Command.Event.Updated, {}).pipe(Effect.ignore))
-        fork(events.publish(McpEvent.StatusChanged, { server: name }).pipe(Effect.ignore))
-      })
-      connection.onLog((message) => fork(serverLog(name, message).pipe(Effect.ignore)))
-      connection.onToolsChanged(() => {
+    // Runs a connection callback under the server lock, dropping it if the connection is no longer
+    // the entry's live client, so late SDK callbacks cannot commit obsolete state.
+    const whenLive =
+      (name: ServerName, entry: ServerEntry, connection: MCPClient.Connection) =>
+      <E>(effect: Effect.Effect<void, E>) =>
         fork(
-          refreshTools(name, entry, connection).pipe(
-            Effect.andThen(events.publish(McpEvent.ToolsChanged, { server: name })),
+          Effect.suspend(() => (entry.client === connection ? effect : Effect.void)).pipe(
+            locks.withLock(name),
             Effect.ignore,
           ),
         )
-      })
-      connection.onPromptsChanged(() => {
-        fork(refreshPrompts(name, entry, connection).pipe(Effect.ignore))
-      })
-      connection.onResourcesChanged(() => {
-        if (entry.client !== connection) return
-        fork(events.publish(McpEvent.ResourcesChanged, { server: name }).pipe(Effect.ignore))
-      })
+
+    const watch = (name: ServerName, entry: ServerEntry, connection: MCPClient.Connection) => {
+      const live = whenLive(name, entry, connection)
+      connection.onClose(() =>
+        live(
+          Effect.gen(function* () {
+            entry.client = undefined
+            entry.tools = undefined
+            entry.prompts = undefined
+            entry.status = { status: "failed", error: "Connection closed" }
+            yield* events.publish(McpEvent.ToolsChanged, { server: name }).pipe(Effect.ignore)
+            yield* events.publish(McpEvent.ResourcesChanged, { server: name }).pipe(Effect.ignore)
+            yield* events.publish(Command.Event.Updated, {}).pipe(Effect.ignore)
+            yield* events.publish(McpEvent.StatusChanged, { server: name }).pipe(Effect.ignore)
+          }),
+        ),
+      )
+      connection.onLog((message) => fork(serverLog(name, message).pipe(Effect.ignore)))
+      connection.onToolsChanged(() =>
+        live(
+          refreshTools(name, entry, connection).pipe(
+            Effect.andThen(events.publish(McpEvent.ToolsChanged, { server: name })),
+          ),
+        ),
+      )
+      connection.onPromptsChanged(() => live(refreshPrompts(name, entry, connection)))
+      connection.onResourcesChanged(() => live(events.publish(McpEvent.ResourcesChanged, { server: name })))
     }
 
     const serverLog = (server: ServerName, message: MCPClient.LogMessage) => {
@@ -472,6 +489,10 @@ export const layer = Layer.effect(
 
     const startServer = (name: ServerName, entry: ServerEntry) =>
       Effect.gen(function* () {
+        // Announce the handshake so connect() and credential reconnects don't show a stale
+        // disabled/failed status for the duration of the connection attempt.
+        entry.status = { status: "pending" }
+        yield* events.publish(McpEvent.StatusChanged, { server: name }).pipe(Effect.ignore)
         const scope = yield* Scope.fork(root)
         entry.scope = scope
         const authProvider = yield* connectProvider(entry)
@@ -484,7 +505,7 @@ export const layer = Layer.effect(
         )
         if (Exit.isSuccess(result)) {
           entry.client = result.value.connection
-          entry.tools = result.value.tools.map((def) => toTool(name, def))
+          entry.tools = result.value.tools.map((def) => toTool(name, entry, def))
           entry.prompts = []
           entry.status = { status: "connected" }
           watch(name, entry, result.value.connection)
@@ -495,7 +516,7 @@ export const layer = Layer.effect(
           yield* events.publish(McpEvent.ToolsChanged, { server: name }).pipe(Effect.ignore)
           yield* events.publish(McpEvent.ResourcesChanged, { server: name }).pipe(Effect.ignore)
           yield* events.publish(McpEvent.StatusChanged, { server: name }).pipe(Effect.ignore)
-          fork(refreshPrompts(name, entry, result.value.connection).pipe(Effect.ignore))
+          whenLive(name, entry, result.value.connection)(refreshPrompts(name, entry, result.value.connection))
           return
         }
         yield* Scope.close(scope, Exit.void)
@@ -509,6 +530,19 @@ export const layer = Layer.effect(
         yield* events.publish(McpEvent.StatusChanged, { server: name }).pipe(Effect.ignore)
       }).pipe(Effect.ensuring(Deferred.succeed(entry.startup, undefined)))
 
+    const stopServer = Effect.fnUntraced(function* (name: ServerName, entry: ServerEntry) {
+      const scope = entry.scope
+      if (!scope) return
+      entry.scope = undefined
+      entry.client = undefined
+      entry.tools = undefined
+      entry.prompts = undefined
+      yield* Scope.close(scope, Exit.void)
+      yield* events.publish(McpEvent.ToolsChanged, { server: name }).pipe(Effect.ignore)
+      yield* events.publish(McpEvent.ResourcesChanged, { server: name }).pipe(Effect.ignore)
+      yield* events.publish(Command.Event.Updated, {}).pipe(Effect.ignore)
+    })
+
     // Disabled servers settle their startup immediately so queries never block on them.
     for (const [name, entry] of runtime) {
       if (entry.config.disabled) {
@@ -516,27 +550,24 @@ export const layer = Layer.effect(
         Deferred.doneUnsafe(entry.startup, Exit.void)
         continue
       }
-      fork(startServer(name, entry))
+      fork(startServer(name, entry).pipe(locks.withLock(name)))
     }
 
     // Bring a server online (or back to needs_auth) when its integration's credential changes, so an
     // OAuth login takes effect without a restart. Only fires for the integrations we registered.
-    const owned = new Set(registrations.map((reg) => reg.integrationID))
     const reconnect = (integrationID: Integration.ID) =>
       Effect.gen(function* () {
         const match = Array.from(runtime).find(([, entry]) => entry.integrationID === integrationID)
         if (!match) return
-        const [name, entry] = match
-        if (entry.config.disabled) return
-        if (entry.scope) {
-          yield* Scope.close(entry.scope, Exit.void)
-          entry.scope = undefined
-          entry.client = undefined
-          entry.tools = undefined
-          entry.prompts = undefined
-          yield* events.publish(Command.Event.Updated, {}).pipe(Effect.ignore)
-        }
-        yield* startServer(name, entry)
+        const name = match[0]
+        yield* Effect.gen(function* () {
+          // add() or remove() may have replaced or deleted the entry while we waited for the lock.
+          const entry = runtime.get(name)
+          if (!entry || entry.integrationID !== integrationID) return
+          if (entry.status.status === "disabled") return
+          yield* stopServer(name, entry)
+          yield* startServer(name, entry)
+        }).pipe(locks.withLock(name))
       })
     fork(
       events.subscribe(Integration.Event.ConnectionUpdated).pipe(
@@ -546,10 +577,13 @@ export const layer = Layer.effect(
       ),
     )
 
-    const whenAllReady = Effect.forEach(runtime.values(), (entry) => Deferred.await(entry.startup), {
-      concurrency: "unbounded",
-      discard: true,
-    })
+    // Suspend so each await sees current entries; a bare Map iterator is exhausted after one run.
+    const whenAllReady = Effect.suspend(() =>
+      Effect.forEach(Array.from(runtime.values()), (entry) => Deferred.await(entry.startup), {
+        concurrency: "unbounded",
+        discard: true,
+      }),
+    )
     return Service.of({
       servers: Effect.fn("MCP.servers")(function* () {
         const entries = Array.from(runtime).toSorted(([a], [b]) => a.localeCompare(b))
@@ -562,6 +596,66 @@ export const layer = Layer.effect(
           }),
         )
       }),
+      add: Effect.fn("MCP.add")(function* (server, config) {
+        const name = ServerName.make(server)
+        yield* Effect.gen(function* () {
+          const previous = runtime.get(name)
+          if (previous) {
+            yield* stopServer(name, previous)
+            if (previous.integrationID) owned.delete(previous.integrationID)
+            if (previous.registration) yield* previous.registration.dispose
+          }
+          const entry: ServerEntry = {
+            config: { ...config, timeout: { ...timeout, ...config.timeout } },
+            status: { status: "pending" },
+            startup: Deferred.makeUnsafe<void>(),
+          }
+          runtime.set(name, entry)
+          yield* Effect.gen(function* () {
+            yield* register(name, entry)
+            if (config.disabled) {
+              entry.status = { status: "disabled" }
+              yield* events.publish(McpEvent.StatusChanged, { server: name }).pipe(Effect.ignore)
+              return
+            }
+            yield* startServer(name, entry)
+          }).pipe(
+            // Settle startup even when register fails or add is interrupted, so an entry that made it
+            // into runtime can never hang readers awaiting its startup.
+            Effect.ensuring(Effect.sync(() => Deferred.doneUnsafe(entry.startup, Exit.void))),
+          )
+        }).pipe(locks.withLock(name))
+      }),
+      connect: Effect.fn("MCP.connect")(function* (server) {
+        const name = ServerName.make(server)
+        yield* Effect.gen(function* () {
+          const target = yield* requireServer(name)
+          yield* stopServer(name, target.entry)
+          yield* startServer(name, target.entry)
+        }).pipe(locks.withLock(name))
+      }),
+      disconnect: Effect.fn("MCP.disconnect")(function* (server) {
+        const name = ServerName.make(server)
+        yield* Effect.gen(function* () {
+          const target = yield* requireServer(name)
+          yield* stopServer(name, target.entry)
+          target.entry.status = { status: "disabled" }
+          yield* events.publish(McpEvent.StatusChanged, { server: name }).pipe(Effect.ignore)
+        }).pipe(locks.withLock(name))
+      }),
+      remove: Effect.fn("MCP.remove")(function* (server) {
+        const name = ServerName.make(server)
+        yield* Effect.gen(function* () {
+          const target = yield* requireServer(name)
+          yield* stopServer(name, target.entry)
+          if (target.entry.integrationID) owned.delete(target.entry.integrationID)
+          if (target.entry.registration) yield* target.entry.registration.dispose
+          // Credentials are kept: they are keyed by name + url, so re-adding the same server
+          // reuses them without forcing re-auth, matching add()'s replacement semantics.
+          runtime.delete(name)
+          yield* events.publish(McpEvent.StatusChanged, { server: name }).pipe(Effect.ignore)
+        }).pipe(locks.withLock(name))
+      }),
       tools: Effect.fn("MCP.tools")(function* () {
         yield* whenAllReady
         return Array.from(runtime.values())

packages/core/src/mcp/instructions.ts

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ type Summary = typeof Summary.Type
 const entries = (servers: ReadonlyArray<Summary>) =>
   servers.flatMap((server) => [
     `  <server name="${server.server}">`,
-    `    Use tools from this server through \`execute\` under \`tools[${JSON.stringify(McpTool.group(server.server))}]\`.`,
+    `    Use tools from this server through \`execute\` under \`tools[${JSON.stringify(McpTool.namespace(server.server))}]\`.`,
     ...server.instructions.split("\n").map((line) => `    ${line}`),
     "  </server>",
   ])

packages/core/src/permission.ts

@@ -6,7 +6,8 @@ import { Permission } from "@opencode-ai/schema/permission"
 import { EventV2 } from "./event"
 import { Location } from "./location"
 import { AgentV2 } from "./agent"
-import { SessionV2 } from "./session"
+import { SessionErrors } from "./session/error"
+import { SessionSchema } from "./session/schema"
 import { SessionStore } from "./session/store"
 import { Wildcard } from "./util/wildcard"
 import { PermissionSaved } from "./permission/saved"
@@ -98,11 +99,11 @@ export function merge(...rulesets: Permission.Ruleset[]): Permission.Ruleset {
 }
 
 export interface Interface {
-  readonly ask: (input: AssertInput) => Effect.Effect<AskResult, SessionV2.NotFoundError>
-  readonly assert: (input: AssertInput) => Effect.Effect<void, Error | SessionV2.NotFoundError>
+  readonly ask: (input: AssertInput) => Effect.Effect<AskResult, SessionErrors.NotFoundError>
+  readonly assert: (input: AssertInput) => Effect.Effect<void, Error | SessionErrors.NotFoundError>
   readonly reply: (input: ReplyInput) => Effect.Effect<void, NotFoundError>
   readonly get: (id: ID) => Effect.Effect<Request | undefined>
-  readonly forSession: (sessionID: SessionV2.ID) => Effect.Effect<ReadonlyArray<Request>>
+  readonly forSession: (sessionID: SessionSchema.ID) => Effect.Effect<ReadonlyArray<Request>>
   readonly list: () => Effect.Effect<ReadonlyArray<Request>>
 }
 
@@ -142,9 +143,12 @@ const layer = Layer.effect(
       )
     })
 
-    const configured = Effect.fn("PermissionV2.configured")(function* (sessionID: SessionV2.ID, agentID?: AgentV2.ID) {
+    const configured = Effect.fn("PermissionV2.configured")(function* (
+      sessionID: SessionSchema.ID,
+      agentID?: AgentV2.ID,
+    ) {
       const session = yield* sessions.get(sessionID)
-      if (!session) return yield* new SessionV2.NotFoundError({ sessionID })
+      if (!session) return yield* new SessionErrors.NotFoundError({ sessionID })
       const agent = yield* agents.resolve(agentID ?? session.agent)
       return agent?.permissions ?? missingAgentPermissions
     })
@@ -301,7 +305,7 @@ const layer = Layer.effect(
       return pending.get(id)?.request
     })
 
-    const forSession = Effect.fn("PermissionV2.forSession")(function* (sessionID: SessionV2.ID) {
+    const forSession = Effect.fn("PermissionV2.forSession")(function* (sessionID: SessionSchema.ID) {
       return Array.from(pending.values(), (item) => item.request).filter((request) => request.sessionID === sessionID)
     })
 

packages/core/src/plugin/host.ts

@@ -398,14 +398,12 @@ export const make = Effect.fn("PluginHost.make")(function* (plugin: PluginV2.Int
             input: event.input,
             result: event.result,
             output: event.output,
-            outputPaths: event.outputPaths,
           }
           return Reflect.apply(callback, undefined, [output]).pipe(
             Effect.tap(() =>
               Effect.sync(() => {
                 event.result = output.result
                 event.output = output.output
-                event.outputPaths = output.outputPaths
               }),
             ),
           )

packages/core/src/plugin/provider/xai.ts

@@ -133,12 +133,20 @@ const device = {
       },
       Device,
     ).pipe(
-      Effect.map((value) => ({
-        mode: "auto" as const,
-        url: value.verification_uri_complete ?? value.verification_uri,
-        instructions: `Open ${value.verification_uri} on any device and enter code: ${value.user_code}`,
-        callback: poll(value).pipe(Effect.flatMap((tokens) => credential(deviceMethodID, tokens))),
-      })),
+      Effect.flatMap((value) =>
+        Clock.currentTimeMillis.pipe(
+          Effect.map((created) => {
+            const lifetime = positiveSeconds(value.expires_in, 0)
+            return {
+              mode: "auto" as const,
+              url: value.verification_uri_complete ?? value.verification_uri,
+              instructions: `Open ${value.verification_uri} on any device and enter code: ${value.user_code}`,
+              ...(lifetime ? { expiresAt: created + lifetime * 1000 } : {}),
+              callback: poll(value).pipe(Effect.flatMap((tokens) => credential(deviceMethodID, tokens))),
+            }
+          }),
+        ),
+      ),
     ),
   refresh: (value) => refresh(deviceMethodID, Credential.OAuth.make({ ...value, methodID: deviceMethodID })),
 } satisfies IntegrationOAuthMethodRegistration

packages/core/src/plugin/supervisor.ts

@@ -142,7 +142,11 @@ const resolve = Effect.fn("PluginSupervisor.resolve")(function* (
       continue
     }
 
-    const plugin = yield* load(operation).pipe(Effect.catchCause(() => Effect.succeed(undefined)))
+    const plugin = yield* load(operation).pipe(
+      Effect.catchCause((cause) =>
+        Effect.logWarning("failed to load plugin", { target: operation.target, cause }).pipe(Effect.as(undefined)),
+      ),
+    )
     if (!plugin) continue
     const previous = packages.get(operation.target)
     if (previous) enabled.delete(previous.id)

packages/core/src/session.ts

@@ -28,9 +28,9 @@ import { fromRow } from "./session/info"
 import { SessionRunner } from "./session/runner/index"
 import { SessionStore } from "./session/store"
 import { SessionExecution } from "./session/execution"
+import { MessageDecodeError, NotFoundError } from "./session/error"
 import { makeGlobalNode } from "./effect/app-node"
 import { LocationServiceMap } from "./location-service-map"
-import { MessageDecodeError } from "./session/error"
 import { SessionEvent } from "./session/event"
 import { SessionPending } from "./session/pending"
 import { SessionGenerate } from "./session/generate"
@@ -108,10 +108,6 @@ type ForkInput = {
   messageID?: SessionMessage.ID
 }
 
-export class NotFoundError extends Schema.TaggedErrorClass<NotFoundError>()("Session.NotFoundError", {
-  sessionID: SessionSchema.ID,
-}) {}
-
 export class OperationUnavailableError extends Schema.TaggedErrorClass<OperationUnavailableError>()(
   "Session.OperationUnavailableError",
   {
@@ -119,7 +115,7 @@ export class OperationUnavailableError extends Schema.TaggedErrorClass<Operation
   },
 ) {}
 
-export { MessageDecodeError } from "./session/error"
+export { MessageDecodeError, NotFoundError }
 
 export class PromptConflictError extends Schema.TaggedErrorClass<PromptConflictError>()("Session.PromptConflictError", {
   sessionID: SessionSchema.ID,

packages/core/src/session/error.ts

@@ -1,9 +1,15 @@
+export * as SessionErrors from "./error"
+
 import { Schema } from "effect"
 import { Agent } from "@opencode-ai/schema/agent"
 import { SessionMessage } from "./message"
 import { SessionSchema } from "./schema"
 import { SessionError } from "@opencode-ai/schema/session-error"
 
+export class NotFoundError extends Schema.TaggedErrorClass<NotFoundError>()("Session.NotFoundError", {
+  sessionID: SessionSchema.ID,
+}) {}
+
 export class MessageDecodeError extends Schema.TaggedErrorClass<MessageDecodeError>()("Session.MessageDecodeError", {
   sessionID: SessionSchema.ID,
   messageID: SessionMessage.ID,

packages/core/src/session/message-updater.ts

@@ -297,6 +297,12 @@ export function update(adapter: Adapter, event: SessionEvent.Event) {
             draft.cost = event.data.cost
             draft.tokens = castDraft(event.data.tokens)
           }
+          if (event.data.snapshot || event.data.files)
+            draft.snapshot = {
+              ...draft.snapshot,
+              end: event.data.snapshot,
+              files: event.data.files ? Array.from(event.data.files) : undefined,
+            }
         })
       },
       "session.text.started": (event) => {

packages/core/src/session/runner/llm.ts

@@ -143,6 +143,10 @@ const layer = Layer.effect(
               }
             }
             yield* publish(event)
+            if (LLMEvent.is.toolInputError(event)) {
+              if (prepared.resolveToolCall(event.name).type === "settle") needsContinuation = true
+              return
+            }
             if (event.type !== "tool-call" || event.providerExecuted) return
             const tool = prepared.resolveToolCall(event.name)
             if (tool.type === "reject") {
@@ -195,25 +199,27 @@ const layer = Layer.effect(
         tokens: settlement.tokens,
       })
 
-      // Captures the end snapshot, diffs it against the step's start, and durably ends the
-      // assistant step.
+      const captureStepEnd = Effect.fnUntraced(function* () {
+        const snapshot = yield* snapshots.capture()
+        const files =
+          startSnapshot && snapshot
+            ? yield* snapshots
+                .files({ from: startSnapshot, to: snapshot })
+                .pipe(Effect.catch(() => Effect.succeed(undefined)))
+            : undefined
+        return { snapshot, files }
+      })
+
       const publishStepEnd = (settlement: NonNullable<ReturnType<typeof publisher.stepSettlement>>) =>
         Effect.gen(function* () {
-          const endSnapshot = yield* snapshots.capture()
-          const files =
-            startSnapshot && endSnapshot
-              ? yield* snapshots
-                  .files({ from: startSnapshot, to: endSnapshot })
-                  .pipe(Effect.catch(() => Effect.succeed(undefined)))
-              : undefined
+          const end = yield* captureStepEnd()
           yield* serialized(
             events.publish(SessionEvent.Step.Ended, {
               sessionID: session.id,
               assistantMessageID: yield* publisher.startAssistant(),
               finish: settlement.finish,
               ...stepUsage(settlement),
-              snapshot: endSnapshot,
-              files,
+              ...end,
             }),
           )
         })
@@ -324,8 +330,15 @@ const layer = Layer.effect(
           const stepFailure = publisher.stepFailure()
           const stepSettlement = publisher.stepSettlement()
           if (stepSettlement && !stepFailure) yield* publishStepEnd(stepSettlement)
-          if (stepFailure)
-            yield* serialized(publisher.publishStepFailure(stepSettlement ? stepUsage(stepSettlement) : undefined))
+          if (stepFailure) {
+            const end = yield* captureStepEnd()
+            yield* serialized(
+              publisher.publishStepFailure({
+                ...(stepSettlement ? stepUsage(stepSettlement) : {}),
+                ...end,
+              }),
+            )
+          }
 
           if (stream._tag === "Failure") return yield* Effect.failCause(stream.cause)
           if (userDeclined) return yield* Effect.interrupt
@@ -378,7 +391,11 @@ const layer = Layer.effect(
               .pipe(Effect.andThen(Effect.fail(error.cause)))
           }),
         )
-        if (attempt._tag === "Completed") return { needsContinuation: attempt.needsContinuation, step: attempt.step }
+        if (attempt._tag === "Completed")
+          return {
+            needsContinuation: attempt.needsContinuation,
+            step: attempt.step,
+          }
         if (attempt._tag === "RestartAfterOverflowCompaction") recoverOverflow = undefined
         yield* Effect.yieldNow
         currentPromotion = undefined
@@ -410,7 +427,9 @@ const layer = Layer.effect(
               yield* events.publish(SessionEvent.Compaction.Failed, {
                 sessionID,
                 reason: "manual",
-                error: { type: "compaction.failed", message: Cause.pretty(compacted.cause) },
+                error: Cause.hasInterruptsOnly(compacted.cause)
+                  ? { type: "aborted", message: "Compaction cancelled" }
+                  : { type: "compaction.failed", message: Cause.pretty(compacted.cause) },
                 inputID: unsettled.id,
               })
             return yield* Effect.failCause(compacted.cause)

packages/core/src/session/runner/publish-llm-event.ts

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ import { SessionError } from "@opencode-ai/schema/session-error"
 import { Money } from "@opencode-ai/schema/money"
 import { AgentV2 } from "../../agent"
 import { Snapshot } from "../../snapshot"
+import { RelativePath } from "../../schema"
 import { SessionUsage } from "../usage"
 
 type Input = {
@@ -112,12 +113,12 @@ export const createLLMEventPublisher = (events: Pick<EventV2.Interface, "publish
         if (state !== undefined) current.state = { ...current.state, ...state }
         return Effect.succeed(current.ordinal)
       })
-    const end = Effect.fnUntraced(function* (id: string, state?: Record<string, unknown>) {
+    const end = Effect.fnUntraced(function* (id: string, state?: Record<string, unknown>, value?: string) {
       const current = chunks.get(id)
       if (!current) return yield* Effect.die(new Error(`${name} end before start: ${id}`))
       yield* ended(
         id,
-        current.values.join(""),
+        value ?? current.values.join(""),
         current.ordinal,
         state === undefined ? current.state : { ...current.state, ...state },
       )
@@ -175,7 +176,11 @@ export const createLLMEventPublisher = (events: Pick<EventV2.Interface, "publish
     yield* toolInput.flush()
   })
 
-  const startToolInput = Effect.fnUntraced(function* (event: { readonly id: string; readonly name: string }) {
+  const startToolInput = Effect.fnUntraced(function* (event: {
+    readonly id: string
+    readonly name: string
+    readonly providerExecuted?: boolean
+  }) {
     if (tools.has(event.id)) return yield* Effect.die(new Error(`Duplicate tool input start: ${event.id}`))
     const assistantMessageID = yield* startAssistant()
     tools.set(event.id, {
@@ -183,7 +188,7 @@ export const createLLMEventPublisher = (events: Pick<EventV2.Interface, "publish
       name: event.name,
       called: false,
       settled: false,
-      providerExecuted: false,
+      providerExecuted: event.providerExecuted === true,
     })
     yield* toolInput.start(event.id)
     yield* events.publish(SessionEvent.Tool.Input.Started, {
@@ -194,13 +199,41 @@ export const createLLMEventPublisher = (events: Pick<EventV2.Interface, "publish
     })
   })
 
-  const endToolInput = Effect.fnUntraced(function* (event: { readonly id: string; readonly name: string }) {
+  const endToolInput = Effect.fnUntraced(function* (
+    event: { readonly id: string; readonly name: string },
+    value?: string,
+  ) {
     const tool = tools.get(event.id)
     if (!tool) return yield* Effect.die(new Error(`Tool input end before start: ${event.id}`))
     if (tool.name !== event.name)
       return yield* Effect.die(new Error(`Tool input name changed for ${event.id}: ${tool.name} -> ${event.name}`))
     if (!toolInput.has(event.id)) return yield* Effect.die(new Error(`Duplicate tool input end: ${event.id}`))
-    yield* toolInput.end(event.id)
+    yield* toolInput.end(event.id, undefined, value)
+  })
+
+  const failMalformedToolInput = Effect.fnUntraced(function* (event: {
+    readonly id: string
+    readonly name: string
+    readonly raw: string
+  }) {
+    if (!tools.has(event.id)) yield* startToolInput(event)
+    const tool = tools.get(event.id)
+    if (!tool || tool.called || tool.settled)
+      return yield* Effect.die(new Error(`Malformed tool input after call settlement: ${event.id}`))
+    if (tool.name !== event.name)
+      return yield* Effect.die(new Error(`Tool input name changed for ${event.id}: ${tool.name} -> ${event.name}`))
+    if (toolInput.has(event.id)) yield* endToolInput(event, event.raw)
+    tool.settled = true
+    yield* events.publish(SessionEvent.Tool.Failed, {
+      sessionID: input.sessionID,
+      assistantMessageID: tool.assistantMessageID,
+      callID: event.id,
+      error: {
+        type: "tool.input-json",
+        message: "Tool call arguments were malformed JSON and were not executed. Retry with valid JSON.",
+      },
+      executed: false,
+    })
   })
 
   const flush = Effect.fn("SessionRunner.flush")(function* () {
@@ -229,16 +262,18 @@ export const createLLMEventPublisher = (events: Pick<EventV2.Interface, "publish
     return failed
   })
 
-  const failAssistant = Effect.fnUntraced(function* (error: SessionError.Error, replace = false) {
+  const failAssistant = Effect.fnUntraced(function* (error: SessionError.Error) {
     yield* flush()
     yield* failTools(error, "uncalled")
     yield* startAssistant()
-    if (replace || stepFailure === undefined) stepFailure = error
+    if (stepFailure === undefined) stepFailure = error
   })
 
-  const publishStepFailure = Effect.fnUntraced(function* (usage?: {
-    readonly cost: Money.USD
-    readonly tokens: ReturnType<typeof SessionUsage.tokens>
+  const publishStepFailure = Effect.fnUntraced(function* (details?: {
+    readonly cost?: Money.USD
+    readonly tokens?: ReturnType<typeof SessionUsage.tokens>
+    readonly snapshot?: Snapshot.ID
+    readonly files?: readonly RelativePath[]
   }) {
     if (stepFailed || stepFailure === undefined) return
     const assistantMessageID = yield* startAssistant()
@@ -247,7 +282,7 @@ export const createLLMEventPublisher = (events: Pick<EventV2.Interface, "publish
       sessionID: input.sessionID,
       assistantMessageID,
       error: stepFailure,
-      ...usage,
+      ...details,
     })
   })
 
@@ -337,6 +372,10 @@ export const createLLMEventPublisher = (events: Pick<EventV2.Interface, "publish
       case "tool-input-end":
         yield* endToolInput(event)
         return
+      case "tool-input-error":
+        retryEvidence = true
+        yield* failMalformedToolInput(event)
+        return
       case "tool-call": {
         retryEvidence = true
         if (!tools.has(event.id)) yield* startToolInput(event)
@@ -419,7 +458,7 @@ export const createLLMEventPublisher = (events: Pick<EventV2.Interface, "publish
         stepSettlement = { finish: event.reason, tokens: SessionUsage.tokens(event.usage) }
         if (event.reason === "content-filter") {
           providerFailed = true
-          yield* failAssistant({ type: "provider.content-filter", message: "Provider blocked the response" }, true)
+          yield* failAssistant({ type: "provider.content-filter", message: "Provider blocked the response" })
           return
         }
         return
@@ -427,7 +466,7 @@ export const createLLMEventPublisher = (events: Pick<EventV2.Interface, "publish
         return
       case "provider-error":
         providerFailed = true
-        yield* failAssistant({ type: "provider.unknown", message: event.message }, true)
+        yield* failAssistant({ type: "provider.unknown", message: event.message })
         return
     }
   })

packages/core/src/session/runner/to-llm-message.ts

@@ -136,14 +136,19 @@ const assistant = (message: SessionMessage.Assistant, model: ModelV2.Ref, provid
         : item.text.length > 0
           ? [{ type: "text", text: item.text }]
           : []
+    const reuseToolProviderMetadata =
+      reuseProviderMetadata ||
+      (sameModel &&
+        item.executed === true &&
+        (item.state.status === "completed" || (item.state.status === "error" && item.state.result !== undefined)))
     const call = toolCall(
       item,
-      reuseProviderMetadata ? providerMetadata(providerMetadataKey, item.providerState) : undefined,
+      reuseToolProviderMetadata ? providerMetadata(providerMetadataKey, item.providerState) : undefined,
     )
     if (item.executed !== true) return [call]
     const result = toolResult(
       item,
-      reuseProviderMetadata
+      reuseToolProviderMetadata
         ? providerMetadata(providerMetadataKey, item.providerResultState ?? item.providerState)
         : undefined,
     )

packages/core/src/tool-output-store.ts

@@ -22,11 +22,6 @@ export interface BoundInput {
   readonly output: ToolOutput
 }
 
-export interface BoundResult {
-  readonly output: ToolOutput
-  readonly outputPaths: ReadonlyArray<string>
-}
-
 export class StorageError extends Schema.TaggedErrorClass<StorageError>()("ToolOutputStore.StorageError", {
   operation: Schema.Literals(["encode", "write"]),
   cause: Schema.Defect(),
@@ -41,7 +36,7 @@ export type Error = StorageError
 
 export interface Interface {
   readonly limits: () => Effect.Effect<{ readonly maxLines: number; readonly maxBytes: number }>
-  readonly bound: (input: BoundInput) => Effect.Effect<BoundResult, Error>
+  readonly bound: (input: BoundInput) => Effect.Effect<ToolOutput, Error>
   readonly cleanup: () => Effect.Effect<void>
 }
 
@@ -150,26 +145,20 @@ const layer = Layer.effect(
         lineCount(contextual) <= outputLimits.maxLines &&
         Buffer.byteLength(contextual, "utf-8") <= outputLimits.maxBytes
       )
-        return {
-          output: input.output,
-          outputPaths: [],
-        }
+        return input.output
 
       const outputPath = yield* write(contextual)
       const marker = `... output truncated; full content saved to ${outputPath} ...`
 
       return {
-        output: {
-          structured: input.output.structured,
-          content: [
-            {
-              type: "text" as const,
-              text: boundedPreview(contextual, marker, outputLimits.maxLines, outputLimits.maxBytes),
-            },
-            ...media,
-          ],
-        },
-        outputPaths: [outputPath],
+        structured: input.output.structured,
+        content: [
+          {
+            type: "text" as const,
+            text: boundedPreview(contextual, marker, outputLimits.maxLines, outputLimits.maxBytes),
+          },
+          ...media,
+        ],
       }
     })
 

packages/core/src/tool/AGENTS.md

@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ Leaves own resolution, permission, and side-effect ordering. Translate only expe
 ## Registration
 
 Built-ins and plugin tools register through `Tools.Service.register({ [name]: tool })`. Registrations may provide a
-group, which flattens direct model names to `<group>_<tool>`, and default into CodeMode (`codemode` defaults true;
+namespace, which flattens direct model names to `<namespace>_<tool>`, and default into CodeMode (`codemode` defaults true;
 `codemode: false` keeps the tool on the provider's native tool list).
 
 Registrations are scoped:
@@ -55,4 +55,3 @@ Producer capture limits are separate. For example, Bash keeps `AppProcess.maxOut
 ## Current Gaps
 
 - MCP and future Session-scoped registrations still need an explicit canonical registration design.
-- The public Session result shape currently exposes managed `outputPaths`; full storage encapsulation requires a future opaque managed-output reference design.

packages/core/src/tool/execute.ts

@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ type CollectedFiles = {
 interface Registration {
   readonly tool: AnyTool
   readonly name: string
-  readonly group?: string
+  readonly namespace?: string
 }
 
 export const create = (registrations: ReadonlyMap<string, Registration>) => {
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ export const create = (registrations: ReadonlyMap<string, Registration>) => {
     invoke: (name: string, registration: Registration, input: unknown) => Effect.Effect<unknown, unknown>,
     hooks?: CodeMode.ToolCallHooks,
   ) => {
-    const tools: Record<string, Tool.Definition<never> | Record<string, Tool.Definition<never>>> = {}
+    const tools: Record<string, Tool.Definition<never>> = {}
     for (const [name, registration] of registrations) {
       const child = definition(name, registration.tool)
       const value = Tool.make({
@@ -56,24 +56,8 @@ export const create = (registrations: ReadonlyMap<string, Registration>) => {
         output: child.outputSchema,
         run: (input) => invoke(name, registration, input),
       })
-      if (registration.group === undefined) {
-        const path = registration.name
-        if (Object.hasOwn(tools, path)) throw new TypeError(`CodeMode tool namespace conflict: ${path}`)
-        tools[path] = value
-        continue
-      }
-      const path = registration.name
-      const namespace = registration.group
-      const group = tools[namespace]
-      if (group && Tool.isDefinition(group)) throw new TypeError(`CodeMode tool namespace conflict: ${namespace}`)
-      if (group) {
-        if (Object.hasOwn(group, path)) throw new TypeError(`CodeMode tool namespace conflict: ${namespace}.${path}`)
-        group[path] = value
-        continue
-      }
-      const entries: Record<string, Tool.Definition<never>> = {}
-      entries[path] = value
-      tools[namespace] = entries
+      const path = registration.namespace === undefined ? registration.name : `${registration.namespace}.${registration.name}`
+      tools[path] = value
     }
     return CodeMode.make<typeof tools>({ tools, ...hooks })
   }

packages/core/src/tool/hooks.ts

@@ -26,7 +26,6 @@ export interface AfterEvent {
   readonly input: unknown
   result: ToolResultValue
   output?: ToolOutput
-  outputPaths?: ReadonlyArray<string>
 }
 
 export interface Interface {

packages/core/src/tool/mcp.ts

@@ -13,10 +13,10 @@ import { Tools } from "./tools"
 import { ToolRegistry } from "./registry"
 
 /**
- * Registry group and permission action names for MCP tools.
+ * Registry namespace and permission action names for MCP tools.
  */
-export const group = (server: string) => server.replace(/[^a-zA-Z0-9_-]/g, "_")
-export const name = (server: string, tool: string) => `${group(server)}_${tool.replace(/[^a-zA-Z0-9_-]/g, "_")}`
+export const namespace = (server: string) => server.replace(/[^a-zA-Z0-9_-]/g, "_")
+export const name = (server: string, tool: string) => `${namespace(server)}_${tool.replace(/[^a-zA-Z0-9_-]/g, "_")}`
 
 export const layer = Layer.effectDiscard(
   Effect.gen(function* () {
@@ -32,11 +32,11 @@ export const layer = Layer.effectDiscard(
     // registry never has a gap where MCP tools disappear mid-swap.
     const reconcile = lock.withPermit(
       Effect.gen(function* () {
-        const groups = new Map<string, Record<string, Tool.AnyTool>>()
+        const groups = new Map<string, { tools: Record<string, Tool.AnyTool>; codemode: boolean }>()
         for (const tool of yield* mcp.tools()) {
-          const group = groups.get(tool.server) ?? {}
+          const group = groups.get(tool.server) ?? { tools: {}, codemode: tool.codemode !== false }
           const schema = (tool.inputSchema ?? {}) as JsonSchema.JsonSchema
-          group[tool.name] = Tool.withPermission(
+          group.tools[tool.name] = Tool.withPermission(
             Tool.make({
               description: tool.description ?? "",
               jsonSchema: {
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ export const layer = Layer.effectDiscard(
         const next = yield* Scope.fork(scope)
         yield* Effect.forEach(
           groups,
-          ([group, record]) => tools.register(record, { group }),
+          ([server, group]) => tools.register(group.tools, { namespace: namespace(server), codemode: group.codemode }),
           {
             discard: true,
           },

packages/core/src/tool/registry.ts

@@ -10,7 +10,15 @@ import { SessionSchema } from "../session/schema"
 import { ToolOutputStore } from "../tool-output-store"
 import { Wildcard } from "../util/wildcard"
 import { ExecuteTool } from "./execute"
-import { definition, permission, registrationEntries, RegistrationError, settle, type AnyTool } from "./tool"
+import {
+  definition,
+  permission,
+  registrationEntries,
+  RegistrationError,
+  settle,
+  validateNamespace,
+  type AnyTool,
+} from "./tool"
 import { Tools } from "./tools"
 import { ToolHooks } from "./hooks"
 import { makeLocationNode } from "../effect/app-node"
@@ -47,7 +55,6 @@ export interface Materialization {
 export interface Settlement {
   readonly result: ToolResultValue
   readonly output?: ToolOutput
-  readonly outputPaths?: ReadonlyArray<string>
   readonly error?: SessionError.Error
 }
 
@@ -95,7 +102,7 @@ const registryLayer = Layer.effect(
     type Registration = {
       readonly tool: AnyTool
       readonly name: string
-      readonly group?: string
+      readonly namespace?: string
       readonly codemode: boolean
     }
     const local = new Map<string, Array<{ readonly token: object; readonly registration: Registration }>>()
@@ -149,20 +156,13 @@ const registryLayer = Layer.effect(
       if ("result" in pending) {
         settlement = pending
       } else {
-        const bounded = yield* resources.bound({
+        const output = yield* resources.bound({
           sessionID: input.sessionID,
           callID: input.call.id,
           output: { structured: pending.output.structured, content: yield* normalizeImages(pending.output.content) },
         })
-        const result = ToolOutput.toResultValue(bounded.output)
-        settlement =
-          result.type === "error"
-            ? bounded.outputPaths.length > 0
-              ? { result, outputPaths: bounded.outputPaths }
-              : { result }
-            : bounded.outputPaths.length > 0
-              ? { result, output: bounded.output, outputPaths: bounded.outputPaths }
-              : { result, output: bounded.output }
+        const result = ToolOutput.toResultValue(output)
+        settlement = result.type === "error" ? { result } : { result, output }
       }
       const afterEvent: ToolHooks.AfterEvent = {
         tool: input.call.name,
@@ -173,20 +173,19 @@ const registryLayer = Layer.effect(
         input: beforeEvent.input,
         result: settlement.result,
         output: settlement.output,
-        outputPaths: settlement.outputPaths,
       }
       yield* toolHooks.runAfter(afterEvent)
       return {
         result: afterEvent.result,
         ...(afterEvent.output !== undefined ? { output: afterEvent.output } : {}),
-        ...(afterEvent.outputPaths !== undefined ? { outputPaths: afterEvent.outputPaths } : {}),
         ...(settlement.error !== undefined ? { error: settlement.error } : {}),
       }
     })
 
     return Service.of({
       register: Effect.fn("ToolRegistry.register")(function* (tools, options) {
-        const entries = registrationEntries(tools, options?.group)
+        if (options?.namespace !== undefined) yield* validateNamespace(options.namespace)
+        const entries = registrationEntries(tools, options?.namespace)
         if (entries.length === 0) return
         const codemode = options?.codemode ?? true
         const reserved = codemode ? undefined : entries.find((entry) => entry.key === "execute")
@@ -205,7 +204,7 @@ const registryLayer = Layer.effect(
                   registration: {
                     tool: entry.tool,
                     name: entry.name,
-                    group: entry.group,
+                    namespace: entry.namespace,
                     codemode,
                   },
                 },

packages/core/test/aisdk.test.ts

@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
-import type { LanguageModelV3CallOptions } from "@ai-sdk/provider"
+import type { LanguageModelV3, LanguageModelV3CallOptions, LanguageModelV3StreamPart } from "@ai-sdk/provider"
 import { AISDK } from "@opencode-ai/core/aisdk"
 import { ModelV2 } from "@opencode-ai/core/model"
 import { ProviderV2 } from "@opencode-ai/core/provider"
-import { LLM, Message } from "@opencode-ai/ai"
-import { LLMClient } from "@opencode-ai/ai/route"
+import { LLM, LLMError, LLMEvent, Message } from "@opencode-ai/ai"
+import { LLMClient, RequestExecutor } from "@opencode-ai/ai/route"
 import { expect } from "bun:test"
-import { Effect } from "effect"
+import { Effect, Layer } from "effect"
 import { testEffect } from "./lib/effect"
 
 const it = testEffect(AISDK.locationLayer)
@@ -19,6 +19,37 @@ const model = (packageName: string, settings: Record<string, unknown> = {}) =>
     limit: { context: 100, output: 20 },
   })
 
+const streamModel = (events: ReadonlyArray<LanguageModelV3StreamPart>): LanguageModelV3 => ({
+  specificationVersion: "v3",
+  provider: "test",
+  modelId: "test",
+  supportedUrls: {},
+  doGenerate: () => Promise.reject(new Error("Unexpected non-streaming request")),
+  doStream: () =>
+    Promise.resolve({
+      stream: new ReadableStream({
+        start(controller) {
+          events.forEach((event) => controller.enqueue(event))
+          controller.close()
+        },
+      }),
+    }),
+})
+
+const usage = {
+  inputTokens: { total: 1, noCache: 1, cacheRead: 0, cacheWrite: 0 },
+  outputTokens: { total: 1, text: 0, reasoning: 0 },
+} as const
+
+const client = LLMClient.layer.pipe(
+  Layer.provide(
+    Layer.succeed(
+      RequestExecutor.Service,
+      RequestExecutor.Service.of({ execute: () => Effect.die("Unexpected HTTP request") }),
+    ),
+  ),
+)
+
 it.effect("keys language models by package and flattened overlays", () =>
   Effect.gen(function* () {
     const aisdk = yield* AISDK.Service
@@ -238,3 +269,68 @@ it.effect("projects replay metadata onto AI SDK prompt parts", () =>
     ])
   }),
 )
+
+it.effect("emits malformed AI SDK tool input without executing it", () =>
+  Effect.gen(function* () {
+    const aisdk = yield* AISDK.Service
+    const raw = '{"query":"partial'
+    yield* aisdk.hook.sdk((event) => {
+      event.sdk = {
+        languageModel: () =>
+          streamModel([
+            { type: "tool-input-start", id: "call_1", toolName: "lookup" },
+            { type: "tool-input-delta", id: "call_1", delta: raw },
+            { type: "tool-input-end", id: "call_1" },
+            { type: "tool-call", toolCallId: "call_1", toolName: "lookup", input: raw },
+            { type: "finish", finishReason: { unified: "tool-calls", raw: "tool_calls" }, usage },
+          ]),
+      }
+    })
+
+    const resolved = yield* aisdk.model(model("test-ai-sdk"))
+    const response = yield* LLMClient.generate(LLM.request({ model: resolved, prompt: "Lookup" })).pipe(
+      Effect.provide(client),
+    )
+
+    expect(response.events.find(LLMEvent.is.toolInputError)).toMatchObject({
+      id: "call_1",
+      name: "lookup",
+      raw,
+    })
+    expect(response.events.some(LLMEvent.is.toolInputEnd)).toBeTrue()
+    expect(response.events.some(LLMEvent.is.toolCall)).toBeFalse()
+  }),
+)
+
+it.effect("keeps malformed provider-executed AI SDK input terminal", () =>
+  Effect.gen(function* () {
+    const aisdk = yield* AISDK.Service
+    const raw = '{"query":"partial'
+    yield* aisdk.hook.sdk((event) => {
+      event.sdk = {
+        languageModel: () =>
+          streamModel([
+            { type: "tool-input-start", id: "call_1", toolName: "web_search", providerExecuted: true },
+            { type: "tool-input-delta", id: "call_1", delta: raw },
+            { type: "tool-input-end", id: "call_1" },
+            {
+              type: "tool-call",
+              toolCallId: "call_1",
+              toolName: "web_search",
+              input: raw,
+              providerExecuted: true,
+            },
+          ]),
+      }
+    })
+
+    const resolved = yield* aisdk.model(model("hosted-test-ai-sdk"))
+    const error = yield* LLMClient.generate(LLM.request({ model: resolved, prompt: "Search" })).pipe(
+      Effect.provide(client),
+      Effect.flip,
+    )
+
+    expect(error).toBeInstanceOf(LLMError)
+    expect(error.message).toContain("Invalid JSON input for aisdk tool call web_search")
+  }),
+)