refactor(core): narrow shell spawn handling

packages/ai/src/schema/messages.ts

@@ -45,34 +45,35 @@ const isToolResultValue = (value: unknown): value is ToolResultValue =>
   (value.type === "text" || value.type === "json" || value.type === "error" || value.type === "content") &&
   "value" in value
 
-const toolResultValueSchema = Schema.Union([
-  Schema.Struct({
-    type: Schema.Literal("json"),
-    value: Schema.Unknown,
-  }),
-  Schema.Struct({
-    type: Schema.Literal("text"),
-    value: Schema.Unknown,
-  }),
-  Schema.Struct({
-    type: Schema.Literal("error"),
-    value: Schema.Unknown,
-  }),
-  Schema.Struct({
-    type: Schema.Literal("content"),
-    value: Schema.Array(Tool.Content),
-  }),
-]).annotate({ identifier: "LLM.ToolResult" })
-export type ToolResultValue = Schema.Schema.Type<typeof toolResultValueSchema>
-
-export const ToolResultValue = Object.assign(toolResultValueSchema, {
-  is: isToolResultValue,
-  make: (value: unknown, type: ToolResultValue["type"] = "json"): ToolResultValue => {
-    if (isToolResultValue(value)) return value
-    if (type === "content") return { type, value: Array.isArray(value) ? value : [] }
-    return { type, value }
+export const ToolResultValue = Object.assign(
+  Schema.Union([
+    Schema.Struct({
+      type: Schema.Literal("json"),
+      value: Schema.Unknown,
+    }),
+    Schema.Struct({
+      type: Schema.Literal("text"),
+      value: Schema.Unknown,
+    }),
+    Schema.Struct({
+      type: Schema.Literal("error"),
+      value: Schema.Unknown,
+    }),
+    Schema.Struct({
+      type: Schema.Literal("content"),
+      value: Schema.Array(Tool.Content),
+    }),
+  ]).annotate({ identifier: "LLM.ToolResult" }),
+  {
+    is: isToolResultValue,
+    make: (value: unknown, type: ToolResultValue["type"] = "json"): ToolResultValue => {
+      if (isToolResultValue(value)) return value
+      if (type === "content") return { type, value: Array.isArray(value) ? value : [] }
+      return { type, value }
+    },
   },
-})
+)
+export type ToolResultValue = Schema.Schema.Type<typeof ToolResultValue>
 
 export interface ToolOutput {
   readonly structured: unknown

packages/client/src/effect/api/api.ts

@@ -180,7 +180,6 @@ export type Endpoint5_12Input = {
   readonly text: string
   readonly files?: ReadonlyArray<PromptInput.FileAttachment> | undefined
   readonly agents?: ReadonlyArray<AgentAttachment> | undefined
-  readonly skills?: ReadonlyArray<PromptInput.SkillAttachment> | undefined
   readonly metadata?: { readonly [x: string]: unknown } | undefined
   readonly delivery?: "steer" | "queue" | undefined
   readonly resume?: boolean | undefined
@@ -197,7 +196,6 @@ export type Endpoint5_13Input = {
   readonly model?: Model.Ref | undefined
   readonly files?: ReadonlyArray<PromptInput.FileAttachment> | undefined
   readonly agents?: ReadonlyArray<AgentAttachment> | undefined
-  readonly skills?: ReadonlyArray<PromptInput.SkillAttachment> | undefined
   readonly delivery?: "steer" | "queue" | undefined
   readonly resume?: boolean | undefined
 }

packages/client/src/effect/generated/client.ts

@@ -412,7 +412,6 @@ const Endpoint5_12 = (raw: RawClient["server.session"]) => (input: Endpoint5_12I
         text: input["text"],
         files: input["files"],
         agents: input["agents"],
-        skills: input["skills"],
         metadata: input["metadata"],
         delivery: input["delivery"],
         resume: input["resume"],
@@ -435,7 +434,6 @@ const Endpoint5_13 = (raw: RawClient["server.session"]) => (input: Endpoint5_13I
         model: input["model"],
         files: input["files"],
         agents: input["agents"],
-        skills: input["skills"],
         delivery: input["delivery"],
         resume: input["resume"],
       },

packages/client/src/promise/generated/client.ts

@@ -615,7 +615,6 @@ export function make(options: ClientOptions) {
               text: input["text"],
               files: input["files"],
               agents: input["agents"],
-              skills: input["skills"],
               metadata: input["metadata"],
               delivery: input["delivery"],
               resume: input["resume"],
@@ -639,7 +638,6 @@ export function make(options: ClientOptions) {
               model: input["model"],
               files: input["files"],
               agents: input["agents"],
-              skills: input["skills"],
               delivery: input["delivery"],
               resume: input["resume"],
             },

packages/client/src/promise/generated/types.ts

@@ -1080,8 +1080,6 @@ export type PromptFileAttachment = {
 
 export type PromptAgentAttachment = { name: string; mention?: PromptMention }
 
-export type PromptSkillAttachment = { id: string; name: string; text: string; mention?: PromptMention }
-
 export type SessionMessageAssistantText = { type: "text"; text: string; state?: SessionMessageProviderState }
 
 export type SessionMessageAssistantReasoning = {
@@ -1567,7 +1565,6 @@ export type SessionMessageUser = {
   text: string
   files?: Array<PromptFileAttachment>
   agents?: Array<PromptAgentAttachment>
-  skills?: Array<PromptSkillAttachment>
   type: "user"
 }
 
@@ -1575,7 +1572,6 @@ export type SessionPendingUserData = {
   text: string
   files?: Array<PromptFileAttachment>
   agents?: Array<PromptAgentAttachment>
-  skills?: Array<PromptSkillAttachment>
   metadata?: { [x: string]: JsonValue }
 }
 
@@ -1583,7 +1579,6 @@ export type SessionPendingUserData1 = {
   text: string
   files?: Array<PromptFileAttachment>
   agents?: Array<PromptAgentAttachment>
-  skills?: Array<PromptSkillAttachment>
   metadata?: { [x: string]: any }
 }
 
@@ -2584,12 +2579,6 @@ export type SessionImportInput = {
             readonly name: string
             readonly mention?: { readonly start: number; readonly end: number; readonly text: string }
           }>
-          readonly skills?: ReadonlyArray<{
-            readonly id: string
-            readonly name: string
-            readonly text: string
-            readonly mention?: { readonly start: number; readonly end: number; readonly text: string }
-          }>
           readonly type: "user"
         }
       | {
@@ -2835,12 +2824,6 @@ export type SessionImportInput = {
             readonly name: string
             readonly mention?: { readonly start: number; readonly end: number; readonly text: string }
           }>
-          readonly skills?: ReadonlyArray<{
-            readonly id: string
-            readonly name: string
-            readonly text: string
-            readonly mention?: { readonly start: number; readonly end: number; readonly text: string }
-          }>
           readonly type: "user"
         }
       | {
@@ -3086,12 +3069,6 @@ export type SessionImportInput = {
             readonly name: string
             readonly mention?: { readonly start: number; readonly end: number; readonly text: string }
           }>
-          readonly skills?: ReadonlyArray<{
-            readonly id: string
-            readonly name: string
-            readonly text: string
-            readonly mention?: { readonly start: number; readonly end: number; readonly text: string }
-          }>
           readonly type: "user"
         }
       | {
@@ -3343,10 +3320,6 @@ export type SessionPromptInput = {
       readonly name: string
       readonly mention?: { readonly start: number; readonly end: number; readonly text: string }
     }>
-    readonly skills?: ReadonlyArray<{
-      readonly id: string
-      readonly mention?: { readonly start: number; readonly end: number; readonly text: string }
-    }>
     readonly metadata?: { readonly [x: string]: JsonValue }
     readonly delivery?: "steer" | "queue" | null
     readonly resume?: boolean | null
@@ -3364,10 +3337,6 @@ export type SessionPromptInput = {
       readonly name: string
       readonly mention?: { readonly start: number; readonly end: number; readonly text: string }
     }>
-    readonly skills?: ReadonlyArray<{
-      readonly id: string
-      readonly mention?: { readonly start: number; readonly end: number; readonly text: string }
-    }>
     readonly metadata?: { readonly [x: string]: JsonValue }
     readonly delivery?: "steer" | "queue" | null
     readonly resume?: boolean | null
@@ -3385,10 +3354,6 @@ export type SessionPromptInput = {
       readonly name: string
       readonly mention?: { readonly start: number; readonly end: number; readonly text: string }
     }>
-    readonly skills?: ReadonlyArray<{
-      readonly id: string
-      readonly mention?: { readonly start: number; readonly end: number; readonly text: string }
-    }>
     readonly metadata?: { readonly [x: string]: JsonValue }
     readonly delivery?: "steer" | "queue" | null
     readonly resume?: boolean | null
@@ -3406,35 +3371,10 @@ export type SessionPromptInput = {
       readonly name: string
       readonly mention?: { readonly start: number; readonly end: number; readonly text: string }
     }>
-    readonly skills?: ReadonlyArray<{
-      readonly id: string
-      readonly mention?: { readonly start: number; readonly end: number; readonly text: string }
-    }>
     readonly metadata?: { readonly [x: string]: JsonValue }
     readonly delivery?: "steer" | "queue" | null
     readonly resume?: boolean | null
   }["agents"]
-  readonly skills?: {
-    readonly id?: string | null
-    readonly text: string
-    readonly files?: ReadonlyArray<{
-      readonly uri: string
-      readonly name?: string
-      readonly description?: string
-      readonly mention?: { readonly start: number; readonly end: number; readonly text: string }
-    }>
-    readonly agents?: ReadonlyArray<{
-      readonly name: string
-      readonly mention?: { readonly start: number; readonly end: number; readonly text: string }
-    }>
-    readonly skills?: ReadonlyArray<{
-      readonly id: string
-      readonly mention?: { readonly start: number; readonly end: number; readonly text: string }
-    }>
-    readonly metadata?: { readonly [x: string]: JsonValue }
-    readonly delivery?: "steer" | "queue" | null
-    readonly resume?: boolean | null
-  }["skills"]
   readonly metadata?: {
     readonly id?: string | null
     readonly text: string
@@ -3448,10 +3388,6 @@ export type SessionPromptInput = {
       readonly name: string
       readonly mention?: { readonly start: number; readonly end: number; readonly text: string }
     }>
-    readonly skills?: ReadonlyArray<{
-      readonly id: string
-      readonly mention?: { readonly start: number; readonly end: number; readonly text: string }
-    }>
     readonly metadata?: { readonly [x: string]: JsonValue }
     readonly delivery?: "steer" | "queue" | null
     readonly resume?: boolean | null
@@ -3469,10 +3405,6 @@ export type SessionPromptInput = {
       readonly name: string
       readonly mention?: { readonly start: number; readonly end: number; readonly text: string }
     }>
-    readonly skills?: ReadonlyArray<{
-      readonly id: string
-      readonly mention?: { readonly start: number; readonly end: number; readonly text: string }
-    }>
     readonly metadata?: { readonly [x: string]: JsonValue }
     readonly delivery?: "steer" | "queue" | null
     readonly resume?: boolean | null
@@ -3490,10 +3422,6 @@ export type SessionPromptInput = {
       readonly name: string
       readonly mention?: { readonly start: number; readonly end: number; readonly text: string }
     }>
-    readonly skills?: ReadonlyArray<{
-      readonly id: string
-      readonly mention?: { readonly start: number; readonly end: number; readonly text: string }
-    }>
     readonly metadata?: { readonly [x: string]: JsonValue }
     readonly delivery?: "steer" | "queue" | null
     readonly resume?: boolean | null
@@ -3520,10 +3448,6 @@ export type SessionCommandInput = {
       readonly name: string
       readonly mention?: { readonly start: number; readonly end: number; readonly text: string }
     }>
-    readonly skills?: ReadonlyArray<{
-      readonly id: string
-      readonly mention?: { readonly start: number; readonly end: number; readonly text: string }
-    }>
     readonly delivery?: "steer" | "queue" | null
     readonly resume?: boolean | null
   }["id"]
@@ -3543,10 +3467,6 @@ export type SessionCommandInput = {
       readonly name: string
       readonly mention?: { readonly start: number; readonly end: number; readonly text: string }
     }>
-    readonly skills?: ReadonlyArray<{
-      readonly id: string
-      readonly mention?: { readonly start: number; readonly end: number; readonly text: string }
-    }>
     readonly delivery?: "steer" | "queue" | null
     readonly resume?: boolean | null
   }["command"]
@@ -3566,10 +3486,6 @@ export type SessionCommandInput = {
       readonly name: string
       readonly mention?: { readonly start: number; readonly end: number; readonly text: string }
     }>
-    readonly skills?: ReadonlyArray<{
-      readonly id: string
-      readonly mention?: { readonly start: number; readonly end: number; readonly text: string }
-    }>
     readonly delivery?: "steer" | "queue" | null
     readonly resume?: boolean | null
   }["arguments"]
@@ -3589,10 +3505,6 @@ export type SessionCommandInput = {
       readonly name: string
       readonly mention?: { readonly start: number; readonly end: number; readonly text: string }
     }>
-    readonly skills?: ReadonlyArray<{
-      readonly id: string
-      readonly mention?: { readonly start: number; readonly end: number; readonly text: string }
-    }>
     readonly delivery?: "steer" | "queue" | null
     readonly resume?: boolean | null
   }["agent"]
@@ -3612,10 +3524,6 @@ export type SessionCommandInput = {
       readonly name: string
       readonly mention?: { readonly start: number; readonly end: number; readonly text: string }
     }>
-    readonly skills?: ReadonlyArray<{
-      readonly id: string
-      readonly mention?: { readonly start: number; readonly end: number; readonly text: string }
-    }>
     readonly delivery?: "steer" | "queue" | null
     readonly resume?: boolean | null
   }["model"]
@@ -3635,10 +3543,6 @@ export type SessionCommandInput = {
       readonly name: string
       readonly mention?: { readonly start: number; readonly end: number; readonly text: string }
     }>
-    readonly skills?: ReadonlyArray<{
-      readonly id: string
-      readonly mention?: { readonly start: number; readonly end: number; readonly text: string }
-    }>
     readonly delivery?: "steer" | "queue" | null
     readonly resume?: boolean | null
   }["files"]
@@ -3658,36 +3562,9 @@ export type SessionCommandInput = {
       readonly name: string
       readonly mention?: { readonly start: number; readonly end: number; readonly text: string }
     }>
-    readonly skills?: ReadonlyArray<{
-      readonly id: string
-      readonly mention?: { readonly start: number; readonly end: number; readonly text: string }
-    }>
     readonly delivery?: "steer" | "queue" | null
     readonly resume?: boolean | null
   }["agents"]
-  readonly skills?: {
-    readonly id?: string | null
-    readonly command: string
-    readonly arguments?: string | null
-    readonly agent?: string | null
-    readonly model?: { readonly id: string; readonly providerID: string; readonly variant?: string } | null
-    readonly files?: ReadonlyArray<{
-      readonly uri: string
-      readonly name?: string
-      readonly description?: string
-      readonly mention?: { readonly start: number; readonly end: number; readonly text: string }
-    }>
-    readonly agents?: ReadonlyArray<{
-      readonly name: string
-      readonly mention?: { readonly start: number; readonly end: number; readonly text: string }
-    }>
-    readonly skills?: ReadonlyArray<{
-      readonly id: string
-      readonly mention?: { readonly start: number; readonly end: number; readonly text: string }
-    }>
-    readonly delivery?: "steer" | "queue" | null
-    readonly resume?: boolean | null
-  }["skills"]
   readonly delivery?: {
     readonly id?: string | null
     readonly command: string
@@ -3704,10 +3581,6 @@ export type SessionCommandInput = {
       readonly name: string
       readonly mention?: { readonly start: number; readonly end: number; readonly text: string }
     }>
-    readonly skills?: ReadonlyArray<{
-      readonly id: string
-      readonly mention?: { readonly start: number; readonly end: number; readonly text: string }
-    }>
     readonly delivery?: "steer" | "queue" | null
     readonly resume?: boolean | null
   }["delivery"]
@@ -3727,10 +3600,6 @@ export type SessionCommandInput = {
       readonly name: string
       readonly mention?: { readonly start: number; readonly end: number; readonly text: string }
     }>
-    readonly skills?: ReadonlyArray<{
-      readonly id: string
-      readonly mention?: { readonly start: number; readonly end: number; readonly text: string }
-    }>
     readonly delivery?: "steer" | "queue" | null
     readonly resume?: boolean | null
   }["resume"]

packages/core/schema.json

@@ -1,9 +1,13 @@
 {
   "version": "7",
   "dialect": "sqlite",
-  "id": "15060ec5-05f7-4b86-b2a5-9108609432b3",
-  "prevIds": ["1551a157-8959-4ba9-a52b-4ea3b7b28cae"],
+  "id": "2d214a71-3b0a-48c1-a667-741952c4e188",
+  "prevIds": ["f14a9b18-8207-487e-a3d3-227e629ba9ad"],
   "ddl": [
+    {
+      "name": "workspace",
+      "entityType": "tables"
+    },
     {
       "name": "account_state",
       "entityType": "tables"
@@ -69,8 +73,84 @@
       "entityType": "tables"
     },
     {
-      "name": "workspace",
-      "entityType": "tables"
+      "type": "text",
+      "notNull": false,
+      "autoincrement": false,
+      "default": null,
+      "generated": null,
+      "name": "id",
+      "entityType": "columns",
+      "table": "workspace"
+    },
+    {
+      "type": "text",
+      "notNull": true,
+      "autoincrement": false,
+      "default": null,
+      "generated": null,
+      "name": "type",
+      "entityType": "columns",
+      "table": "workspace"
+    },
+    {
+      "type": "text",
+      "notNull": true,
+      "autoincrement": false,
+      "default": "''",
+      "generated": null,
+      "name": "name",
+      "entityType": "columns",
+      "table": "workspace"
+    },
+    {
+      "type": "text",
+      "notNull": false,
+      "autoincrement": false,
+      "default": null,
+      "generated": null,
+      "name": "branch",
+      "entityType": "columns",
+      "table": "workspace"
+    },
+    {
+      "type": "text",
+      "notNull": false,
+      "autoincrement": false,
+      "default": null,
+      "generated": null,
+      "name": "directory",
+      "entityType": "columns",
+      "table": "workspace"
+    },
+    {
+      "type": "text",
+      "notNull": false,
+      "autoincrement": false,
+      "default": null,
+      "generated": null,
+      "name": "extra",
+      "entityType": "columns",
+      "table": "workspace"
+    },
+    {
+      "type": "text",
+      "notNull": true,
+      "autoincrement": false,
+      "default": null,
+      "generated": null,
+      "name": "project_id",
+      "entityType": "columns",
+      "table": "workspace"
+    },
+    {
+      "type": "integer",
+      "notNull": true,
+      "autoincrement": false,
+      "default": null,
+      "generated": null,
+      "name": "time_used",
+      "entityType": "columns",
+      "table": "workspace"
     },
     {
       "type": "integer",
@@ -1303,53 +1383,14 @@
       "table": "session_v2"
     },
     {
-      "type": "text",
-      "notNull": false,
-      "autoincrement": false,
-      "default": null,
-      "generated": null,
-      "name": "id",
-      "entityType": "columns",
-      "table": "workspace"
-    },
-    {
-      "type": "text",
-      "notNull": true,
-      "autoincrement": false,
-      "default": null,
-      "generated": null,
-      "name": "provider",
-      "entityType": "columns",
-      "table": "workspace"
-    },
-    {
-      "type": "text",
-      "notNull": true,
-      "autoincrement": false,
-      "default": null,
-      "generated": null,
-      "name": "binding",
-      "entityType": "columns",
-      "table": "workspace"
-    },
-    {
-      "type": "integer",
-      "notNull": true,
-      "autoincrement": false,
-      "default": null,
-      "generated": null,
-      "name": "created_at",
-      "entityType": "columns",
-      "table": "workspace"
-    },
-    {
-      "type": "integer",
-      "notNull": true,
-      "autoincrement": false,
-      "default": null,
-      "generated": null,
-      "name": "last_used_at",
-      "entityType": "columns",
+      "columns": ["project_id"],
+      "tableTo": "project",
+      "columnsTo": ["id"],
+      "onUpdate": "NO ACTION",
+      "onDelete": "CASCADE",
+      "nameExplicit": false,
+      "name": "fk_workspace_project_id_project_id_fk",
+      "entityType": "fks",
       "table": "workspace"
     },
     {
@@ -1472,6 +1513,13 @@
       "entityType": "pks",
       "table": "instruction_entry"
     },
+    {
+      "columns": ["id"],
+      "nameExplicit": false,
+      "name": "workspace_pk",
+      "table": "workspace",
+      "entityType": "pks"
+    },
     {
       "columns": ["id"],
       "nameExplicit": false,
@@ -1563,13 +1611,6 @@
       "table": "session_v2",
       "entityType": "pks"
     },
-    {
-      "columns": ["id"],
-      "nameExplicit": false,
-      "name": "workspace_pk",
-      "table": "workspace",
-      "entityType": "pks"
-    },
     {
       "columns": [
         {

packages/core/src/control-plane/workspace.sql.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+import { sqliteTable, text, integer } from "drizzle-orm/sqlite-core"
+import { ProjectTable } from "../project/sql"
+import { Project } from "../project"
+import { Workspace } from "../workspace"
+
+export const WorkspaceTable = sqliteTable("workspace", {
+  id: text().$type<Workspace.ID>().primaryKey(),
+  type: text().notNull(),
+  name: text().notNull().default(""),
+  branch: text(),
+  directory: text(),
+  extra: text({ mode: "json" }),
+  project_id: text()
+    .$type<Project.ID>()
+    .notNull()
+    .references(() => ProjectTable.id, { onDelete: "cascade" }),
+  time_used: integer()
+    .notNull()
+    .$default(() => Date.now()),
+})

packages/core/src/database/migration.gen.ts

@@ -42,6 +42,5 @@ export const migrations: DatabaseMigration.Migration[] = (
     import("./migration/20260622202450_simplify_session_input"),
     import("./migration/20260804233008_loose_psylocke"),
     import("./migration/20260805200742_import_legacy_credentials"),
-    import("./migration/20260808023530_workspace_domain"),
   ])
 ).map((module) => module.default)

packages/core/src/database/migration/20260808023530_workspace_domain.ts

@@ -1,22 +0,0 @@
-import { Effect } from "effect"
-import type { DatabaseMigration } from "../migration"
-
-const migration: DatabaseMigration.Migration = {
-  id: "20260808023530_workspace_domain",
-  up(tx) {
-    return Effect.gen(function* () {
-      yield* tx.run(`DROP TABLE \`workspace\`;`)
-      yield* tx.run(`
-        CREATE TABLE \`workspace\` (
-          \`id\` text PRIMARY KEY,
-          \`provider\` text NOT NULL,
-          \`binding\` text NOT NULL,
-          \`created_at\` integer NOT NULL,
-          \`last_used_at\` integer NOT NULL
-        );
-      `)
-    })
-  },
-}
-
-export default migration

packages/core/src/database/schema.gen.ts

@@ -4,6 +4,19 @@ import type { DatabaseMigration } from "./migration"
 const schema: Omit<DatabaseMigration.Migration, "id"> = {
   up(tx) {
     return Effect.gen(function* () {
+      yield* tx.run(`
+        CREATE TABLE \`workspace\` (
+          \`id\` text PRIMARY KEY,
+          \`type\` text NOT NULL,
+          \`name\` text DEFAULT '' NOT NULL,
+          \`branch\` text,
+          \`directory\` text,
+          \`extra\` text,
+          \`project_id\` text NOT NULL,
+          \`time_used\` integer NOT NULL,
+          CONSTRAINT \`fk_workspace_project_id_project_id_fk\` FOREIGN KEY (\`project_id\`) REFERENCES \`project\`(\`id\`) ON DELETE CASCADE
+        );
+      `)
       yield* tx.run(`
         CREATE TABLE \`account_state\` (
           \`id\` integer PRIMARY KEY,
@@ -203,15 +216,6 @@ const schema: Omit<DatabaseMigration.Migration, "id"> = {
           CONSTRAINT \`fk_session_v2_project_id_project_id_fk\` FOREIGN KEY (\`project_id\`) REFERENCES \`project\`(\`id\`) ON DELETE CASCADE
         );
       `)
-      yield* tx.run(`
-        CREATE TABLE \`workspace\` (
-          \`id\` text PRIMARY KEY,
-          \`provider\` text NOT NULL,
-          \`binding\` text NOT NULL,
-          \`created_at\` integer NOT NULL,
-          \`last_used_at\` integer NOT NULL
-        );
-      `)
       yield* tx.run(`CREATE UNIQUE INDEX \`event_aggregate_seq_idx\` ON \`event\` (\`aggregate_id\`,\`seq\`);`)
       yield* tx.run(`CREATE INDEX \`event_aggregate_type_seq_idx\` ON \`event\` (\`aggregate_id\`,\`type\`,\`seq\`);`)
       yield* tx.run(

packages/core/src/environment/environment.ts

@@ -5,8 +5,6 @@ import { ChildProcessSpawner } from "effect/unstable/process/ChildProcessSpawner
 import type { Files } from "./files"
 import { makeFiles } from "./index"
 import { makeLocalDriver } from "./local"
-import { Location } from "../location"
-import { Workspace } from "../workspace"
 
 export interface Interface {
   readonly files: Files
@@ -19,25 +17,10 @@ const layer = Layer.effect(
   Service,
   Effect.gen(function* () {
     const spawner = yield* ChildProcessSpawner
-    const location = yield* Location.Service
-    const workspace = yield* Workspace.Service
-    const driver = location.workspaceID
-      ? yield* workspace.connect(location.workspaceID).pipe(
-          // Environment has no error channel; an unknown or destroyed placement is a configuration defect by design.
-          Effect.mapError(
-            (cause) => new Error(`Failed to bind Environment to workspace ${location.workspaceID}`, { cause }),
-          ),
-          Effect.orDie,
-        )
-      : makeLocalDriver(spawner)
-    return Service.of({ files: makeFiles(driver), spawner: driver.spawner })
+    return Service.of({ files: makeFiles(makeLocalDriver(spawner)), spawner })
   }),
 )
 
-export const node = makeLocationNode({
-  service: Service,
-  layer,
-  deps: [CrossSpawnSpawner.node, Location.node, Workspace.node],
-})
+export const node = makeLocationNode({ service: Service, layer, deps: [CrossSpawnSpawner.node] })
 
 export * as EnvironmentService from "./environment"

packages/core/src/plugin/promise.ts

@@ -11,7 +11,6 @@ import { Provider } from "@opencode-ai/schema/provider"
 import { AbsolutePath } from "@opencode-ai/schema/schema"
 import { Session } from "@opencode-ai/schema/session"
 import { SessionMessage } from "@opencode-ai/schema/session-message"
-import { Skill } from "@opencode-ai/schema/skill"
 import { Workspace } from "@opencode-ai/schema/workspace"
 import { WebSearch } from "@opencode-ai/schema/websearch"
 import { DateTime, Effect, Scope, Stream } from "effect"
@@ -297,7 +296,6 @@ export function fromPromise(plugin: Plugin) {
                   ...input,
                   sessionID: Session.ID.make(input.sessionID),
                   id: input.id == null ? undefined : SessionMessage.ID.make(input.id),
-                  skills: input.skills?.map((skill) => ({ ...skill, id: Skill.ID.make(skill.id) })),
                   delivery: input.delivery ?? undefined,
                   resume: input.resume ?? undefined,
                 }),
@@ -312,7 +310,6 @@ export function fromPromise(plugin: Plugin) {
                   id: input.id == null ? undefined : SessionMessage.ID.make(input.id),
                   agent: input.agent == null ? undefined : Agent.ID.make(input.agent),
                   model: input.model == null ? undefined : model(input.model),
-                  skills: input.skills?.map((skill) => ({ ...skill, id: Skill.ID.make(skill.id) })),
                   arguments: input.arguments ?? undefined,
                   delivery: input.delivery ?? undefined,
                   resume: input.resume ?? undefined,

packages/core/src/plugin/supervisor.ts

@@ -233,7 +233,7 @@ const layer = Layer.effect(
     const bus = yield* Bus.Service
     const watcher = yield* Watcher.Service
     const fs = yield* FSUtil.Service
-    const ready = { current: yield* Deferred.make<void>() }
+    const ready = yield* Deferred.make<void>()
     let observed = 0
 
     // Configured local plugin files can live outside config roots, where the
@@ -291,13 +291,7 @@ const layer = Layer.effect(
       bus.subscribe([Event.Updated, SdkPlugins.Updated]),
     ).pipe(
       // Make accepted work visible to flush before coalescing the burst.
-      Stream.mapEffect(() =>
-        Effect.gen(function* () {
-          observed++
-          if (yield* Deferred.isDone(ready.current)) ready.current = yield* Deferred.make<void>()
-          return observed
-        }),
-      ),
+      Stream.mapEffect(() => Effect.sync(() => ++observed)),
     )
     yield* Stream.concat(Stream.succeed(0), updates).pipe(
       // Keep observing updates while activation runs, retaining only the latest generation request.
@@ -306,12 +300,12 @@ const layer = Layer.effect(
       Stream.runForEach((target) =>
         Effect.gen(function* () {
           yield* activate()
-          if (observed === target) yield* Deferred.succeed(ready.current, undefined)
+          if (observed === target) yield* Deferred.succeed(ready, undefined)
         }).pipe(Effect.catchCause((cause) => Effect.logError("failed to reload plugins", { cause }))),
       ),
       Effect.forkScoped({ startImmediately: true }),
     )
-    return Service.of({ flush: Effect.suspend(() => Deferred.await(ready.current)) })
+    return Service.of({ flush: Deferred.await(ready) })
   }),
 )
 

packages/core/src/session.ts

@@ -218,11 +218,10 @@ export interface Interface {
     text: string
     files?: PromptInput.Prompt["files"]
     agents?: PromptInput.Prompt["agents"]
-    skills?: PromptInput.Prompt["skills"]
     metadata?: Record<string, unknown>
     delivery?: SessionPending.Delivery
     resume?: boolean
-  }) => Effect.Effect<SessionPending.User, NotFoundError | PromptConflictError | AttachmentError | SkillNotFoundError>
+  }) => Effect.Effect<SessionPending.User, NotFoundError | PromptConflictError | AttachmentError>
   /** Generates text from current Session context without admitting input or mutating history. */
   readonly generate: (input: {
     sessionID: SessionSchema.ID
@@ -237,17 +236,11 @@ export interface Interface {
     model?: Model.Ref
     files?: PromptInput.Prompt["files"]
     agents?: PromptInput.Prompt["agents"]
-    skills?: PromptInput.Prompt["skills"]
     delivery?: SessionPending.Delivery
     resume?: boolean
   }) => Effect.Effect<
     SessionPending.User,
-    | NotFoundError
-    | PromptConflictError
-    | AttachmentError
-    | SkillNotFoundError
-    | Command.NotFoundError
-    | Command.EvaluationError
+    NotFoundError | PromptConflictError | AttachmentError | Command.NotFoundError | Command.EvaluationError
   >
   readonly shell: (input: {
     id?: Event.ID
@@ -572,11 +565,9 @@ const layer = Layer.effect(
             // Resolved lazily so prompt admission only boots location services when an
             // image attachment actually needs the resizer.
             const image = Image.Service.pipe(Effect.provide(locations.get(session.location)))
-            const skills = Skill.Service.pipe(Effect.provide(locations.get(session.location)))
             const prompt = yield* resolvePrompt(
-              { text: input.text, files: input.files, agents: input.agents, skills: input.skills },
+              { text: input.text, files: input.files, agents: input.agents },
               image,
-              skills,
             ).pipe(Effect.provideService(FSUtil.Service, fs))
             const messageID = input.id ?? SessionMessage.ID.create()
             const admittedInput = SessionPending.Message.make({
@@ -642,7 +633,6 @@ const layer = Layer.effect(
           text: evaluated.text,
           files: input.files,
           agents: input.agents,
-          skills: input.skills,
           delivery: input.delivery,
           resume: input.resume,
         })
@@ -655,7 +645,9 @@ const layer = Layer.effect(
             yield* execution.awaitIdle(input.sessionID)
             const started = yield* Effect.gen(function* () {
               const shell = yield* Shell.Service
-              return yield* shell.create({ command: input.command, cwd: session.location.directory, timeout: 0 })
+              return yield* shell
+                .create({ command: input.command, cwd: session.location.directory, timeout: 0 })
+                .pipe(Effect.orDie)
             }).pipe(Effect.provide(locations.get(session.location)))
             yield* bus.publish(
               SessionEvent.Shell.Started,
@@ -905,28 +897,12 @@ function synthesizeTerminalShellInfo(started: ShellSchema.Info): ShellSchema.Inf
 const resolvePrompt = Effect.fn("Session.resolvePrompt")(function* (
   input: PromptInput.Prompt,
   image: Effect.Effect<Image.Interface>,
-  skills: Effect.Effect<Skill.Interface>,
 ) {
   const fs = yield* FSUtil.Service
   const files = input.files
     ? yield* Effect.forEach(input.files, (file) => materializeAttachment(fs, file, image), { concurrency: 8 })
     : undefined
-  const requested = input.skills
-  const selected = yield* Effect.gen(function* () {
-    if (!requested?.length) return undefined
-    const available = yield* (yield* skills).list()
-    return yield* Effect.forEach(requested, (attachment) => {
-      const skill = available.find((item) => item.id === attachment.id)
-      if (!skill) return Effect.fail(new SkillNotFoundError({ skill: attachment.id }))
-      return Effect.succeed({
-        id: skill.id,
-        name: skill.name,
-        text: Skill.toModelOutput(skill, []),
-        mention: attachment.mention,
-      })
-    })
-  })
-  return Prompt.make({ text: input.text, agents: input.agents, files, skills: selected?.length ? selected : undefined })
+  return Prompt.make({ text: input.text, agents: input.agents, files })
 })
 
 const MAX_ATTACHMENT_BYTES = 20 * 1024 * 1024

packages/core/src/session/compaction.ts

@@ -124,8 +124,7 @@ const serialize = (message: SessionMessage.Info) => {
         (file) =>
           `[Attached ${file.mime}: ${file.name ?? (file.source.type === "uri" ? file.source.uri : "inline attachment")}]`,
       ) ?? []
-    const skills = message.skills?.map((skill) => `[Attached skill: ${skill.name}]\n${skill.text}`) ?? []
-    return [`[User]: ${message.text}`, ...skills, ...files].join("\n")
+    return [`[User]: ${message.text}`, ...files].join("\n")
   }
   if (message.type === "assistant") {
     return message.content

packages/core/src/session/projector.ts

@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ import { SessionPendingTable, SessionMessageTable, SessionTable } from "./sql"
 import { Slug } from "../util/slug"
 import { Money } from "@opencode-ai/schema/money"
 import type { SessionSchema } from "./schema"
+import { WorkspaceTable } from "../control-plane/workspace.sql"
 
 type DatabaseService = Database.Interface["db"]
 type CurrentDurableEvent = Extract<SessionEvent.Event, { readonly durable: object }>
@@ -375,6 +376,13 @@ const layer = Layer.effectDiscard(
           .get()
           .pipe(Effect.orDie)
         if (!stored) return yield* Effect.die(new SessionAlreadyProjected())
+        if (!event.data.location.workspaceID) return
+        yield* db
+          .update(WorkspaceTable)
+          .set({ time_used: Date.now() })
+          .where(eq(WorkspaceTable.id, event.data.location.workspaceID))
+          .run()
+          .pipe(Effect.orDie)
       }),
     )
     yield* bus.project(SessionEvent.Moved, (event) =>
@@ -445,7 +453,6 @@ const layer = Layer.effectDiscard(
                 text: input.data.text,
                 files: input.data.files,
                 agents: input.data.agents,
-                skills: input.data.skills,
                 time: { created: event.created },
               }
             : {

packages/core/src/session/runner/to-llm-message.ts

@@ -184,7 +184,6 @@ function toLLMMessage(message: SessionMessage.Info, model: Model.Ref, providerMe
       return []
     case "user":
       const content = [
-        ...(message.skills ?? []).map((skill) => Message.text(skill.text)),
         ...(message.text === "" ? [] : [Message.text(message.text)]),
         ...(message.files ?? []).flatMap(attachmentContent),
       ]

packages/core/src/session/transfer.ts

@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@ export * as SessionTransfer from "./transfer"
 
 import { SessionTransfer } from "@opencode-ai/schema/session-transfer"
 import { Tool } from "@opencode-ai/schema/tool"
-import { Skill } from "@opencode-ai/schema/skill"
 import { eq, isNotNull, isNull, ne, or } from "drizzle-orm"
 import { Context, DateTime, Effect, Layer, Schema } from "effect"
 import path from "path"
@@ -219,14 +218,6 @@ function sanitizeMessage(message: SessionMessage.Info): SessionMessage.Info {
           ? { ...agent.mention, text: redact("agent-mention", String(index), agent.mention.text) }
           : undefined,
       })),
-      skills: message.skills?.map((skill, index) => ({
-        ...skill,
-        name: Skill.Name.make(redact("skill-name", String(index), skill.name)),
-        text: redact("skill", String(index), skill.text),
-        mention: skill.mention
-          ? { ...skill.mention, text: redact("skill-mention", String(index), skill.mention.text) }
-          : undefined,
-      })),
     }
   if (message.type === "synthetic")
     return {

packages/core/src/shell.ts

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import { Context, Deferred, Duration, Effect, Fiber, Layer, Schema, Stream } fro
 import { ChildProcess } from "effect/unstable/process"
 import { produce } from "immer"
 import { Shell } from "@opencode-ai/schema/shell"
+import { AppProcess } from "@opencode-ai/util/process"
 import { makeLocationNode } from "@opencode-ai/util/effect/app-node"
 import { Config } from "./config"
 import { Bus } from "./bus"
@@ -50,7 +51,7 @@ export interface Interface {
   readonly create: <E = never, R = never>(
     input: Shell.CreateInput,
     before?: (input: ShellCreateBefore) => Effect.Effect<void, E, R>,
-  ) => Effect.Effect<Shell.Info, E, R>
+  ) => Effect.Effect<Shell.Info, E | AppProcess.AppProcessError, R>
   // Currently running commands only; exited shells are retained for get/output but excluded here.
   readonly list: () => Effect.Effect<Shell.Info[]>
   readonly get: (id: Shell.ID) => Effect.Effect<Shell.Info, NotFoundError>
@@ -213,19 +214,23 @@ export const layer = (options?: ShellSelect.Options) =>
         // Spawn through the Environment and stream combined output to the file. The handle is scope-bound, so
         // the managing fiber keeps its scope open until the command terminates (it awaits `done` at the
         // end). `create` returns once `ready` resolves with the registered session.
-        const ready = Deferred.makeUnsafe<Active>()
+        const ready = Deferred.makeUnsafe<Active, AppProcess.AppProcessError>()
         runFork(
           Effect.scoped(
             Effect.gen(function* () {
-              const handle = yield* environment.spawner.spawn(
-                ChildProcess.make(invocation.shell, args, {
-                  cwd: invocation.cwd,
-                  env: invocation.env,
-                  stdin: "ignore",
-                  detached: process.platform !== "win32",
-                  forceKillAfter: Duration.seconds(3),
-                }),
-              )
+              const handle = yield* environment.spawner
+                .spawn(
+                  ChildProcess.make(invocation.shell, args, {
+                    cwd: invocation.cwd,
+                    env: invocation.env,
+                    stdin: "ignore",
+                    detached: process.platform !== "win32",
+                    forceKillAfter: Duration.seconds(3),
+                  }),
+                )
+                .pipe(
+                  Effect.mapError((cause) => new AppProcess.AppProcessError({ command: invocation.command, cause })),
+                )
               const session: Active = {
                 info: produce(info, (draft) => {
                   draft.pid = handle.pid
@@ -327,7 +332,7 @@ export const layer = (options?: ShellSelect.Options) =>
               // release (kill) the process before its exit is observed.
               yield* Deferred.await(session.done).pipe(Effect.catch(() => Effect.void))
             }),
-          ).pipe(Effect.catch(() => Effect.void)),
+          ).pipe(Effect.catchTag("AppProcessError", (error) => Deferred.fail(ready, error))),
         )
 
         const session = yield* Deferred.await(ready)

packages/core/src/skill.ts

@@ -38,25 +38,6 @@ export { Event } from "@opencode-ai/schema/skill"
 export const available = (skills: ReadonlyArray<Info>, agent: Agent.Info) =>
   skills.filter((skill) => Permission.evaluate("skill", skill.id, agent.permissions).effect !== "deny")
 
-export const toModelOutput = (skill: Info, files: ReadonlyArray<string>) => {
-  const directory = path.dirname(skill.location)
-  return [
-    `<skill_content name="${skill.name}">`,
-    `# Skill: ${skill.name}`,
-    "",
-    skill.content.trim(),
-    "",
-    `Base directory for this skill: ${directory}`,
-    "Relative paths in this skill (e.g., scripts/, reference/) are relative to this base directory.",
-    "Note: file list is sampled.",
-    "",
-    "<skill_files>",
-    ...files.map((file) => `<file>${file}</file>`),
-    "</skill_files>",
-    "</skill_content>",
-  ].join("\n")
-}
-
 const Frontmatter = Schema.Struct({
   name: Schema.String.pipe(Schema.optional),
   description: Schema.String.pipe(Schema.optional),

packages/core/src/tool/plugin/skill.ts

@@ -26,7 +26,24 @@ export const description = [
   "The skill ID must match one of the available skills in the instructions.",
 ].join("\n")
 
-export const toModelOutput = Skill.toModelOutput
+export const toModelOutput = (skill: Skill.Info, files: ReadonlyArray<string>) => {
+  const directory = path.dirname(skill.location)
+  return [
+    `<skill_content name="${skill.name}">`,
+    `# Skill: ${skill.name}`,
+    "",
+    skill.content.trim(),
+    "",
+    `Base directory for this skill: ${directory}`,
+    "Relative paths in this skill (e.g., scripts/, reference/) are relative to this base directory.",
+    "Note: file list is sampled.",
+    "",
+    "<skill_files>",
+    ...files.map((file) => `<file>${file}</file>`),
+    "</skill_files>",
+    "</skill_content>",
+  ].join("\n")
+}
 
 const unableToLoad = (name: string, error?: unknown) =>
   new ToolFailure({ message: `Unable to load skill ${name}`, error })
@@ -70,7 +87,7 @@ export const Plugin = {
                 return {
                   name: skill.name,
                   directory,
-                  output: Skill.toModelOutput(skill, files),
+                  output: toModelOutput(skill, files),
                 }
               }).pipe(Effect.mapError((error) => unableToLoad(input.id, error)))
             }).pipe(

packages/core/src/workspace.ts

@@ -1,219 +1,6 @@
 export * as Workspace from "./workspace"
 
 import { Workspace } from "@opencode-ai/schema/workspace"
-import { makeGlobalNode } from "@opencode-ai/util/effect/app-node"
-import { eq } from "drizzle-orm"
-import { Clock, Context, Duration, Effect, Exit, Layer, Ref, Schedule, Schema, Scope } from "effect"
-import { systemError } from "effect/PlatformError"
-import { make } from "effect/unstable/process/ChildProcessSpawner"
-import type { Driver as EnvironmentDriver } from "./environment/driver"
-import { Database } from "./database/database"
-import { KeyedMutex } from "./effect/keyed-mutex"
-import { WorkspaceDriver } from "./workspace/driver"
-import { WorkspaceTable } from "./workspace/sql"
 
 export const ID = Workspace.ID
-export type ID = Workspace.ID
-
-export class Info extends Schema.Class<Info>("Workspace.Info")({
-  id: ID,
-  provider: Schema.String,
-  binding: WorkspaceDriver.Binding,
-  createdAt: Schema.Number,
-  lastUsedAt: Schema.Number,
-}) {}
-
-export class NotFound extends Schema.TaggedErrorClass<NotFound>()("Workspace.NotFound", { workspaceID: ID }) {}
-
-export interface Interface {
-  readonly create: (provider: string) => Effect.Effect<Info, WorkspaceDriver.Error | WorkspaceDriver.ProviderNotFound>
-  readonly connect: (
-    workspaceID: ID,
-  ) => Effect.Effect<EnvironmentDriver, NotFound | WorkspaceDriver.Error | WorkspaceDriver.ProviderNotFound>
-  readonly destroy: (
-    workspaceID: ID,
-  ) => Effect.Effect<void, NotFound | WorkspaceDriver.Error | WorkspaceDriver.ProviderNotFound>
-}
-
-export interface Options {
-  readonly idleThreshold?: Duration.Input
-  readonly pollInterval?: Duration.Input
-}
-
-export class Service extends Context.Service<Service, Interface>()("@opencode/Workspace") {}
-
-interface Connection {
-  readonly driver: WorkspaceDriver.Interface
-  readonly environment: EnvironmentDriver
-  readonly saveBinding: (binding: WorkspaceDriver.Binding) => Effect.Effect<void>
-  readonly lastActivity: Ref.Ref<number>
-  readonly active: Ref.Ref<number>
-  readonly scope: Scope.Closeable
-}
-
-export const configured = (options: Options = {}) =>
-  makeGlobalNode({
-    service: Service,
-    layer: layer(options),
-    deps: [Database.node, WorkspaceDriver.node],
-  })
-
-const layer = (options: Options) =>
-  Layer.effect(
-    Service,
-    Effect.gen(function* () {
-      const db = (yield* Database.Service).db
-      const registry = yield* WorkspaceDriver.RegistryService
-      const lifetime = yield* Scope.Scope
-      const connections = new Map<ID, Connection>()
-      const locks = KeyedMutex.makeUnsafe<ID>()
-      const idleThreshold = Duration.toMillis(options.idleThreshold ?? Duration.minutes(20))
-
-      const load = Effect.fn("Workspace.load")(function* (workspaceID: ID) {
-        const row = yield* db
-          .select()
-          .from(WorkspaceTable)
-          .where(eq(WorkspaceTable.id, workspaceID))
-          .get()
-          .pipe(Effect.orDie)
-        if (!row) return yield* new NotFound({ workspaceID })
-        return row
-      })
-
-      const open = Effect.fn("Workspace.open")(function* (workspaceID: ID) {
-        const existing = connections.get(workspaceID)
-        if (existing) return existing
-
-        const row = yield* load(workspaceID)
-        const driver = yield* registry.get(row.provider)
-        const saveBinding = (value: WorkspaceDriver.Binding) =>
-          db
-            .update(WorkspaceTable)
-            .set({ binding: value })
-            .where(eq(WorkspaceTable.id, workspaceID))
-            .run()
-            .pipe(Effect.orDie)
-        const scope = yield* Scope.fork(lifetime)
-        const environment = yield* driver.connect({ workspaceID, binding: row.binding, saveBinding }).pipe(
-          Effect.provideService(Scope.Scope, scope),
-          Effect.onError((cause) => Scope.close(scope, Exit.failCause(cause))),
-        )
-        const now = yield* Clock.currentTimeMillis
-        const connection: Connection = {
-          driver,
-          environment,
-          saveBinding,
-          lastActivity: yield* Ref.make(now),
-          active: yield* Ref.make(0),
-          scope,
-        }
-        connections.set(workspaceID, connection)
-        yield* db
-          .update(WorkspaceTable)
-          .set({ last_used_at: now })
-          .where(eq(WorkspaceTable.id, workspaceID))
-          .run()
-          .pipe(Effect.orDie)
-        return connection
-      })
-
-      yield* Effect.gen(function* () {
-        const now = yield* Clock.currentTimeMillis
-        yield* Effect.forEach(
-          [...connections.entries()],
-          ([workspaceID, expected]) =>
-            locks.withLock(workspaceID)(
-              Effect.gen(function* () {
-                const connection = connections.get(workspaceID)
-                if (connection !== expected || (yield* Ref.get(connection.active)) > 0) return
-                const lastActivity = yield* Ref.get(connection.lastActivity)
-                if (now - lastActivity < idleThreshold) return
-                const row = yield* load(workspaceID)
-                // Deliberate: a racing spawn blocks, then wakes cleanly. Unlocking mid-suspend could reattach a sandbox being terminated.
-                yield* connection.driver.suspendForIdle({
-                  workspaceID,
-                  binding: row.binding,
-                  saveBinding: connection.saveBinding,
-                })
-                yield* db
-                  .update(WorkspaceTable)
-                  .set({ last_used_at: lastActivity })
-                  .where(eq(WorkspaceTable.id, workspaceID))
-                  .run()
-                  .pipe(Effect.orDie)
-                connections.delete(workspaceID)
-                yield* Scope.close(connection.scope, Exit.void)
-              }).pipe(Effect.catchCause((cause) => Effect.logError("workspace idle suspension failed", cause))),
-            ),
-          { concurrency: "unbounded", discard: true },
-        )
-      }).pipe(Effect.repeat(Schedule.spaced(options.pollInterval ?? Duration.minutes(1))), Effect.forkScoped)
-
-      return Service.of({
-        create: Effect.fn("Workspace.create")(function* (provider) {
-          const driver = yield* registry.get(provider)
-          const workspaceID = ID.create()
-          const result = yield* driver.create({ workspaceID })
-          const now = yield* Clock.currentTimeMillis
-          yield* db
-            .insert(WorkspaceTable)
-            .values({ id: workspaceID, provider, binding: result.binding, created_at: now, last_used_at: now })
-            .run()
-            .pipe(Effect.orDie)
-          return new Info({ id: workspaceID, provider, binding: result.binding, createdAt: now, lastUsedAt: now })
-        }),
-        connect: Effect.fn("Workspace.connect")(function* (workspaceID) {
-          const spawner = make((command) =>
-            Effect.acquireRelease(
-              locks.withLock(workspaceID)(
-                Effect.gen(function* () {
-                  const connection = yield* open(workspaceID).pipe(
-                    Effect.mapError((cause) =>
-                      systemError({
-                        _tag: "Unknown",
-                        module: "Workspace",
-                        method: "spawn",
-                        description: `Failed to wake workspace ${workspaceID}`,
-                        cause,
-                      }),
-                    ),
-                  )
-                  yield* Ref.set(connection.lastActivity, yield* Clock.currentTimeMillis)
-                  yield* Ref.update(connection.active, (active) => active + 1)
-                  return connection
-                }),
-              ),
-              (connection) =>
-                locks.withLock(workspaceID)(
-                  Effect.gen(function* () {
-                    yield* Ref.update(connection.active, (active) => active - 1)
-                    yield* Ref.set(connection.lastActivity, yield* Clock.currentTimeMillis)
-                  }),
-                ),
-            ).pipe(Effect.flatMap((connection) => connection.environment.spawner.spawn(command))),
-          )
-          // Overrides are connection-bound; per-spawn routing is required before any driver ships them, so they are deliberately omitted.
-          return { spawner }
-        }),
-        destroy: Effect.fn("Workspace.destroy")(function* (workspaceID) {
-          yield* locks.withLock(workspaceID)(
-            Effect.gen(function* () {
-              const row = yield* load(workspaceID)
-              const connection = connections.get(workspaceID)
-              connections.delete(workspaceID)
-              if (connection) yield* Scope.close(connection.scope, Exit.void)
-              const driver = yield* registry.get(row.provider)
-              yield* driver.destroy({ workspaceID, binding: row.binding })
-              yield* db.delete(WorkspaceTable).where(eq(WorkspaceTable.id, workspaceID)).run().pipe(Effect.orDie)
-            }),
-          )
-        }),
-      })
-    }),
-  )
-
-export const node = configured()
-
-// TODO(workspace-plan): add the boot janitor and ~23h safety snapshot rotation in a later PR.
-// TODO(workspace-plan): make cold wake interruptible with a re-pin loop against janitor races.
-// TODO(workspace-plan): consider RcMap at end-of-series consolidation; idle suspend and destroy need distinct finalizers.
+export type ID = typeof ID.Type

packages/core/src/workspace/driver.ts

@@ -1,70 +0,0 @@
-export * as WorkspaceDriver from "./driver"
-
-import { Workspace } from "@opencode-ai/schema/workspace"
-import { makeGlobalNode } from "@opencode-ai/util/effect/app-node"
-import { Context, Effect, Layer, Schema } from "effect"
-import type { Scope } from "effect"
-import type { Driver as EnvironmentDriver } from "../environment/driver"
-
-/**
- * Smallest provider-owned JSON value required to reconnect to the same
- * provider resource. Core stores it opaquely and hands it back; only the
- * owning driver reads inside.
- */
-export const Binding = Schema.Record(Schema.String, Schema.Json)
-export type Binding = typeof Binding.Type
-
-export class Error extends Schema.TaggedErrorClass<Error>()("WorkspaceDriver.Error", {
-  message: Schema.optional(Schema.String),
-  cause: Schema.optional(Schema.Defect()),
-}) {}
-
-export class ProviderNotFound extends Schema.TaggedErrorClass<ProviderNotFound>()("WorkspaceDriver.ProviderNotFound", {
-  provider: Schema.String,
-}) {}
-
-export interface Interface {
-  readonly create: (input: {
-    readonly workspaceID: Workspace.ID
-  }) => Effect.Effect<{ readonly binding: Binding }, Error>
-  readonly connect: (input: {
-    readonly workspaceID: Workspace.ID
-    readonly binding: Binding
-    readonly saveBinding: (binding: Binding) => Effect.Effect<void>
-  }) => Effect.Effect<EnvironmentDriver, Error, Scope.Scope>
-  readonly suspendForIdle: (input: {
-    readonly workspaceID: Workspace.ID
-    readonly binding: Binding
-    readonly saveBinding: (binding: Binding) => Effect.Effect<void>
-  }) => Effect.Effect<void, Error>
-  readonly destroy: (input: {
-    readonly workspaceID: Workspace.ID
-    readonly binding: Binding
-  }) => Effect.Effect<void, Error>
-}
-
-export const make = (driver: Interface) => driver
-
-export interface Registry {
-  readonly get: (provider: string) => Effect.Effect<Interface, ProviderNotFound>
-}
-
-export class RegistryService extends Context.Service<RegistryService, Registry>()(
-  "@opencode/WorkspaceDriverRegistry",
-) {}
-
-export const registry = (drivers: Readonly<Record<string, Interface>>): Registry => ({
-  get: (provider) => {
-    const driver = drivers[provider]
-    return driver ? Effect.succeed(driver) : Effect.fail(new ProviderNotFound({ provider }))
-  },
-})
-
-export const registryNode = (drivers: Readonly<Record<string, Interface>>) =>
-  makeGlobalNode({
-    service: RegistryService,
-    layer: Layer.succeed(RegistryService, RegistryService.of(registry(drivers))),
-    deps: [],
-  })
-
-export const node = registryNode({})

packages/core/src/workspace/sql.ts

@@ -1,11 +0,0 @@
-import { Workspace } from "@opencode-ai/schema/workspace"
-import { integer, sqliteTable, text } from "drizzle-orm/sqlite-core"
-import type { WorkspaceDriver } from "./driver"
-
-export const WorkspaceTable = sqliteTable("workspace", {
-  id: text().$type<Workspace.ID>().primaryKey(),
-  provider: text().notNull(),
-  binding: text({ mode: "json" }).$type<WorkspaceDriver.Binding>().notNull(),
-  created_at: integer().notNull(),
-  last_used_at: integer().notNull(),
-})

packages/core/test/file-mutation.test.ts

@@ -9,12 +9,11 @@ import { Environment } from "@opencode-ai/core/environment"
 import { Location } from "@opencode-ai/core/location"
 import { LocationMutation } from "@opencode-ai/core/location-mutation"
 import { AbsolutePath } from "@opencode-ai/core/schema"
-import { type EnvironmentFilesTransform, transformEnvironmentFiles } from "./fixture/environment"
 import { location } from "./fixture/location"
 import { tmpdir } from "./fixture/tmpdir"
 import { it } from "./lib/effect"
 
-function provide(directory: string, transformFiles: EnvironmentFilesTransform = () => ({})) {
+function provide(directory: string, environmentLayer = LayerNode.compile(Environment.node)) {
   const activeLocation = Layer.succeed(
     Location.Service,
     Location.Service.of(location({ directory: AbsolutePath.make(directory) })),
@@ -22,7 +21,7 @@ function provide(directory: string, transformFiles: EnvironmentFilesTransform =
   return Effect.provide(
     AppNodeBuilder.build(LayerNode.group([LocationMutation.node, FileMutation.node]), [
       [Location.node, activeLocation],
-      [Environment.node, transformEnvironmentFiles(activeLocation, transformFiles)],
+      [Environment.node, environmentLayer],
     ]),
   )
 }
@@ -241,8 +240,18 @@ describe("FileMutation", () => {
   )
 })
 
-function instrumentWrites(
-  run: <E>(write: Effect.Effect<void, E>, target: string) => Effect.Effect<void, E>,
-): EnvironmentFilesTransform {
-  return (files) => ({ write: (target, content) => run(files.write(target, content), target) })
+function instrumentWrites(run: <E>(write: Effect.Effect<void, E>, target: string) => Effect.Effect<void, E>) {
+  return Layer.effect(
+    Environment.Service,
+    Effect.gen(function* () {
+      const environment = yield* Environment.Service
+      return Environment.Service.of({
+        ...environment,
+        files: {
+          ...environment.files,
+          write: (target, content) => run(environment.files.write(target, content), target),
+        },
+      })
+    }),
+  ).pipe(Layer.provide(LayerNode.compile(Environment.node)))
 }

packages/core/test/fixture/environment.ts

@@ -1,22 +0,0 @@
-import { AppNodeBuilder } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/app-node-builder"
-import { Environment } from "@opencode-ai/core/environment"
-import { Location } from "@opencode-ai/core/location"
-import { Effect, Layer } from "effect"
-
-export type EnvironmentFilesTransform = (files: Environment.Files) => Partial<Environment.Files>
-
-export function transformEnvironmentFiles(
-  location: Layer.Layer<Location.Service>,
-  transform: EnvironmentFilesTransform = () => ({}),
-) {
-  return Layer.effect(
-    Environment.Service,
-    Effect.gen(function* () {
-      const current = yield* Environment.Service
-      return Environment.Service.of({
-        ...current,
-        files: { ...current.files, ...transform(current.files) },
-      })
-    }),
-  ).pipe(Layer.provide(AppNodeBuilder.build(Environment.node, [[Location.node, location]])))
-}

packages/core/test/location-layer.test.ts

@@ -305,13 +305,11 @@ describe("LocationServiceMap", () => {
           )
           yield* Deferred.await(started)
 
-          const flushFiber = yield* PluginSupervisor.Service.use((supervisor) => supervisor.flush).pipe(
+          yield* PluginSupervisor.Service.use((supervisor) => supervisor.flush).pipe(
             Effect.provide(context),
-            Effect.forkChild({ startImmediately: true }),
+            Effect.timeout("1 second"),
           )
-          expect(flushFiber.pollUnsafe()).toBeUndefined()
           yield* Deferred.succeed(release, undefined)
-          yield* Fiber.join(flushFiber)
           yield* Deferred.await(completed)
         }),
       ),

packages/core/test/ripgrep.test.ts

@@ -3,15 +3,12 @@ import fs from "fs/promises"
 import path from "path"
 import { Effect } from "effect"
 import { LayerNode } from "@opencode-ai/util/effect/layer-node"
-import { AppNodeBuilder } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/app-node-builder"
-import { Location } from "@opencode-ai/core/location"
 import { Ripgrep } from "@opencode-ai/core/ripgrep"
 import { RelativePath } from "@opencode-ai/core/schema"
 import { tmpdir } from "./fixture/tmpdir"
 import { testEffect } from "./lib/effect"
-import { tempLocationLayer } from "./fixture/location"
 
-const it = testEffect(AppNodeBuilder.build(Ripgrep.node, [[Location.node, tempLocationLayer]]))
+const it = testEffect(LayerNode.compile(Ripgrep.node))
 
 describe("Ripgrep", () => {
   it.live("globs files as an array", () =>

packages/core/test/session-runner-message.test.ts

@@ -3,8 +3,7 @@ import { Message } from "@opencode-ai/ai"
 import { Model } from "@opencode-ai/core/model"
 import { Provider } from "@opencode-ai/core/provider"
 import { SessionMessage } from "@opencode-ai/core/session/message"
-import { AgentAttachment, Base64, FileAttachment, SkillAttachment } from "@opencode-ai/schema/prompt"
-import { Skill } from "@opencode-ai/schema/skill"
+import { AgentAttachment, Base64, FileAttachment } from "@opencode-ai/schema/prompt"
 import { toLLMMessages } from "@opencode-ai/core/session/runner/to-llm-message"
 import { Agent } from "@opencode-ai/core/agent"
 import { Shell } from "@opencode-ai/schema/shell"
@@ -185,40 +184,6 @@ Recent work
     })
   })
 
-  test("lowers selected skill instructions with the original user prompt", () => {
-    const messages = toLLMMessages(
-      [
-        SessionMessage.User.make({
-          id: id("user-skill"),
-          type: "user",
-          text: "Design this API",
-          skills: [
-            SkillAttachment.make({
-              id: Skill.ID.make("api-design"),
-              name: Skill.Name.make("API design"),
-              text: "Start from the ideal call site.",
-            }),
-          ],
-          time: { created },
-        }),
-      ],
-      model,
-    )
-
-    expect(messages).toHaveLength(1)
-    expect(messages[0]).toMatchObject({
-      id: id("user-skill"),
-      role: "user",
-      content: [
-        {
-          type: "text",
-          text: "Start from the ideal call site.",
-        },
-        { type: "text", text: "Design this API" },
-      ],
-    })
-  })
-
   test("decodes inline text attachment content", () => {
     const messages = toLLMMessages(
       [

packages/core/test/session-skill.test.ts

@@ -15,7 +15,6 @@ import { SessionExecution } from "@opencode-ai/core/session/execution"
 import { SessionMessage } from "@opencode-ai/core/session/message"
 import { SessionProjector } from "@opencode-ai/core/session/projector"
 import { SessionStore } from "@opencode-ai/core/session/store"
-import { SessionPending } from "@opencode-ai/core/session/pending"
 import { Skill } from "@opencode-ai/core/skill"
 import { testEffect } from "./lib/effect"
 
@@ -56,41 +55,6 @@ const it = testEffect(
 )
 
 describe("Session.skill", () => {
-  it.effect("attaches a resolved skill snapshot to a normal prompt", () =>
-    Effect.gen(function* () {
-      const sessions = yield* Session.Service
-      const database = yield* Database.Service
-      const bus = yield* Bus.Service
-      const session = yield* sessions.create({ location })
-      const id = SessionMessage.ID.make("msg_skill_attachment")
-
-      yield* sessions.prompt({
-        id,
-        sessionID: session.id,
-        text: "Apply this guidance",
-        skills: [{ id: Skill.ID.make("effect"), mention: { start: 20, end: 27, text: "/effect" } }],
-        resume: false,
-      })
-      yield* SessionPending.promote(database.db, bus, session.id, "steer")
-
-      expect(yield* sessions.messages({ sessionID: session.id })).toContainEqual(
-        expect.objectContaining({
-          id,
-          type: "user",
-          text: "Apply this guidance",
-          skills: [
-            {
-              id: "effect",
-              name: "Effect",
-              text: expect.stringContaining("Use Effect"),
-              mention: { start: 20, end: 27, text: "/effect" },
-            },
-          ],
-        }),
-      )
-    }),
-  )
-
   it.effect("projects the caller-supplied message ID", () =>
     Effect.gen(function* () {
       const sessions = yield* Session.Service

packages/core/test/tool-edit.test.ts

@@ -14,7 +14,6 @@ import { AbsolutePath } from "@opencode-ai/core/schema"
 import { Session } from "@opencode-ai/core/session"
 import { Tool } from "@opencode-ai/core/tool"
 import { EditTool } from "@opencode-ai/core/tool/plugin/edit"
-import { transformEnvironmentFiles } from "./fixture/environment"
 import { location } from "./fixture/location"
 import { tmpdir } from "./fixture/tmpdir"
 import { makeLocationNode } from "@opencode-ai/util/effect/app-node"
@@ -81,6 +80,29 @@ const reset = () => {
   formatFile = () => Effect.succeed(false)
 }
 
+const environment = Layer.effect(
+  Environment.Service,
+  Effect.gen(function* () {
+    const current = yield* Environment.Service
+    return Environment.Service.of({
+      ...current,
+      files: {
+        ...current.files,
+        read: (target, range) =>
+          current.files
+            .read(target, range)
+            .pipe(
+              Effect.tap((result) =>
+                Effect.sync(() => reads++).pipe(Effect.andThen(Effect.suspend(() => afterRead(target, result.bytes)))),
+              ),
+            ),
+        write: (target, content) =>
+          Effect.sync(() => writes.push(target)).pipe(Effect.andThen(current.files.write(target, content))),
+      },
+    })
+  }),
+).pipe(Layer.provide(LayerNode.compile(Environment.node)))
+
 const withTool = <A, E, R>(directory: string, body: (registry: Tool.Interface) => Effect.Effect<A, E, R>) => {
   const activeLocation = Layer.succeed(
     Location.Service,
@@ -93,23 +115,7 @@ const withTool = <A, E, R>(directory: string, body: (registry: Tool.Interface) =
       AppNodeBuilder.build(
         LayerNode.group([Tool.node, Tool.node, LocationMutation.node, FileMutation.node, editToolNode]),
         [
-          [
-            Environment.node,
-            transformEnvironmentFiles(activeLocation, (files) => ({
-              read: (target, range) =>
-                files
-                  .read(target, range)
-                  .pipe(
-                    Effect.tap((result) =>
-                      Effect.sync(() => reads++).pipe(
-                        Effect.andThen(Effect.suspend(() => afterRead(target, result.bytes))),
-                      ),
-                    ),
-                  ),
-              write: (target, content) =>
-                Effect.sync(() => writes.push(target)).pipe(Effect.andThen(files.write(target, content))),
-            })),
-          ],
+          [Environment.node, environment],
           [Location.node, activeLocation],
           [Formatter.node, formatter],
           [Permission.node, permission],

packages/core/test/tool-patch.test.ts

@@ -14,7 +14,6 @@ import { AbsolutePath } from "@opencode-ai/core/schema"
 import { Session } from "@opencode-ai/core/session"
 import { Tool } from "@opencode-ai/core/tool"
 import { PatchTool } from "@opencode-ai/core/tool/plugin/patch"
-import { transformEnvironmentFiles } from "./fixture/environment"
 import { location } from "./fixture/location"
 import { tmpdir } from "./fixture/tmpdir"
 import { makeLocationNode } from "@opencode-ai/util/effect/app-node"
@@ -83,6 +82,34 @@ const reset = () => {
   formatFile = () => Effect.succeed(false)
 }
 
+const environment = Layer.effect(
+  Environment.Service,
+  Effect.gen(function* () {
+    const current = yield* Environment.Service
+    return Environment.Service.of({
+      ...current,
+      files: {
+        ...current.files,
+        read: (target, range) =>
+          Effect.sync(() => {
+            if (!editApproved) readsBeforeEditApproval++
+          }).pipe(Effect.andThen(current.files.read(target, range))),
+        remove: (target) => {
+          if (failRemoveTarget && path.basename(target) === failRemoveTarget) return Effect.die("forced remove failure")
+          if (failRemoveErrorTarget && path.basename(target) === failRemoveErrorTarget)
+            return Effect.fail(new Environment.Failed({ path: target, cause: new Error("forced remove failure") }))
+          return current.files.remove(target)
+        },
+        write: (target, content) => {
+          if (failWriteTarget && path.basename(target) === failWriteTarget)
+            return Effect.fail(new Environment.Failed({ path: target, cause: new Error("forced write failure") }))
+          return current.files.write(target, content)
+        },
+      },
+    })
+  }),
+).pipe(Layer.provide(LayerNode.compile(Environment.node)))
+
 const withTool = <A, E, R>(
   directory: string,
   body: (registry: Tool.Interface) => Effect.Effect<A, E, R>,
@@ -99,27 +126,7 @@ const withTool = <A, E, R>(
   }).pipe(
     Effect.provide(
       AppNodeBuilder.build(LayerNode.group([Tool.node, FileMutation.node, patchToolNode]), [
-        [
-          Environment.node,
-          transformEnvironmentFiles(activeLocation, (files) => ({
-            read: (target, range) =>
-              Effect.sync(() => {
-                if (!editApproved) readsBeforeEditApproval++
-              }).pipe(Effect.andThen(files.read(target, range))),
-            remove: (target) => {
-              if (failRemoveTarget && path.basename(target) === failRemoveTarget)
-                return Effect.die("forced remove failure")
-              if (failRemoveErrorTarget && path.basename(target) === failRemoveErrorTarget)
-                return Effect.fail(new Environment.Failed({ path: target, cause: new Error("forced remove failure") }))
-              return files.remove(target)
-            },
-            write: (target, content) => {
-              if (failWriteTarget && path.basename(target) === failWriteTarget)
-                return Effect.fail(new Environment.Failed({ path: target, cause: new Error("forced write failure") }))
-              return files.write(target, content)
-            },
-          })),
-        ],
+        [Environment.node, environment],
         [Location.node, activeLocation],
         [Formatter.node, formatter],
         [Permission.node, permission],

packages/core/test/tool-shell.test.ts

@@ -286,6 +286,31 @@ describe("ShellTool", () => {
     ),
   )
 
+  it.live(
+    "reports a command that fails to spawn",
+    () =>
+      Effect.acquireUseRelease(
+        Effect.promise(() => tmpdir()),
+        (tmp) => {
+          reset()
+          const command = "printf before\0after"
+          return withSession(tmp.path, (registry) =>
+            executeTool(registry, call({ command })).pipe(
+              Effect.andThen((settled) =>
+                Effect.sync(() => {
+                  expect(settled.status).toBe("error")
+                  if (settled.status !== "error") return
+                  expect(settled.error?.message).toContain("Command failed")
+                }),
+              ),
+            ),
+          )
+        },
+        (tmp) => Effect.promise(() => tmp[Symbol.asyncDispose]().then(() => undefined)),
+      ),
+    { timeout: 2_000 },
+  )
+
   it.live("permissions compound commands separately", () =>
     Effect.acquireUseRelease(
       Effect.promise(() => tmpdir()),

packages/core/test/tool-skill.test.ts

@@ -105,9 +105,9 @@ describe("SkillTool", () => {
               }),
             ).toMatchObject({
               status: "completed",
-              content: [{ type: "text", text: Skill.toModelOutput(info, [reference]) }],
+              content: [{ type: "text", text: SkillTool.toModelOutput(info, [reference]) }],
             })
-            expect(Skill.toModelOutput(info, [reference])).toContain(`Base directory for this skill: ${directory}`)
+            expect(SkillTool.toModelOutput(info, [reference])).toContain(`Base directory for this skill: ${directory}`)
             expect(
               yield* executeTool(registry, {
                 sessionID,
@@ -116,8 +116,8 @@ describe("SkillTool", () => {
               }),
             ).toEqual({
               status: "completed",
-              output: { name: "Effect", directory, output: Skill.toModelOutput(info, [reference]) },
-              content: [{ type: "text", text: Skill.toModelOutput(info, [reference]) }],
+              output: { name: "Effect", directory, output: SkillTool.toModelOutput(info, [reference]) },
+              content: [{ type: "text", text: SkillTool.toModelOutput(info, [reference]) }],
               metadata: { name: "Effect", directory },
             })
             expect(assertions).toMatchObject([
@@ -168,7 +168,7 @@ describe("SkillTool", () => {
               }),
             ).toMatchObject({
               status: "completed",
-              content: [{ type: "text", text: Skill.toModelOutput(flat, []) }],
+              content: [{ type: "text", text: SkillTool.toModelOutput(flat, []) }],
             })
           }).pipe(Effect.provide(skillToolLayer))
         }),

packages/core/test/tool-write.test.ts

@@ -14,7 +14,6 @@ import { AbsolutePath } from "@opencode-ai/core/schema"
 import { Session } from "@opencode-ai/core/session"
 import { Tool } from "@opencode-ai/core/tool"
 import { WriteTool } from "@opencode-ai/core/tool/plugin/write"
-import { transformEnvironmentFiles } from "./fixture/environment"
 import { location } from "./fixture/location"
 import { tmpdir } from "./fixture/tmpdir"
 import { makeLocationNode } from "@opencode-ai/util/effect/app-node"
@@ -69,6 +68,21 @@ const reset = () => {
   denyAction = undefined
 }
 
+const environment = Layer.effect(
+  Environment.Service,
+  Effect.gen(function* () {
+    const current = yield* Environment.Service
+    return Environment.Service.of({
+      ...current,
+      files: {
+        ...current.files,
+        write: (target, content) =>
+          Effect.sync(() => writes.push(target)).pipe(Effect.andThen(current.files.write(target, content))),
+      },
+    })
+  }),
+).pipe(Layer.provide(LayerNode.compile(Environment.node)))
+
 const withTool = <A, E, R>(directory: string, body: (registry: Tool.Interface) => Effect.Effect<A, E, R>) => {
   const activeLocation = Layer.succeed(
     Location.Service,
@@ -81,13 +95,7 @@ const withTool = <A, E, R>(directory: string, body: (registry: Tool.Interface) =
       AppNodeBuilder.build(
         LayerNode.group([Tool.node, Tool.node, LocationMutation.node, FileMutation.node, writeToolNode]),
         [
-          [
-            Environment.node,
-            transformEnvironmentFiles(activeLocation, (files) => ({
-              write: (target, content) =>
-                Effect.sync(() => writes.push(target)).pipe(Effect.andThen(files.write(target, content))),
-            })),
-          ],
+          [Environment.node, environment],
           [Location.node, activeLocation],
           [Formatter.node, formatter],
           [Permission.node, permission],

packages/core/test/workspace.test.ts

@@ -1,106 +0,0 @@
-import { beforeEach, expect } from "bun:test"
-import { AppNodeBuilder } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/app-node-builder"
-import { Database } from "@opencode-ai/core/database/database"
-import { makeMemoryDriver } from "@opencode-ai/core/environment"
-import { Workspace } from "@opencode-ai/core/workspace"
-import { WorkspaceDriver } from "@opencode-ai/core/workspace/driver"
-import { WorkspaceTable } from "@opencode-ai/core/workspace/sql"
-import { LayerNode } from "@opencode-ai/util/effect/layer-node"
-import { eq } from "drizzle-orm"
-import { Effect } from "effect"
-import { TestClock } from "effect/testing"
-import { ChildProcess } from "effect/unstable/process"
-import { testEffect } from "./lib/effect"
-
-const calls: Array<{ readonly operation: string; readonly binding?: WorkspaceDriver.Binding }> = []
-const memory = makeMemoryDriver()
-let failConnect = false
-
-const driver = WorkspaceDriver.make({
-  create: ({ workspaceID }) => {
-    calls.push({ operation: "create" })
-    return Effect.succeed({ binding: { workspaceID, generation: 0 } })
-  },
-  connect: ({ binding }) => {
-    calls.push({ operation: "connect", binding })
-    if (failConnect) return Effect.fail(new WorkspaceDriver.Error({ message: "wake failed" }))
-    return Effect.succeed(memory)
-  },
-  suspendForIdle: ({ binding, saveBinding }) => {
-    calls.push({ operation: "suspendForIdle", binding })
-    return saveBinding({ ...binding, generation: Number(binding.generation) + 1, suspended: true })
-  },
-  destroy: ({ binding }) => {
-    calls.push({ operation: "destroy", binding })
-    return Effect.void
-  },
-})
-
-const it = testEffect(
-  AppNodeBuilder.build(
-    LayerNode.group([Database.node, Workspace.configured({ idleThreshold: "5 minutes", pollInterval: "1 minute" })]),
-    [[WorkspaceDriver.node, WorkspaceDriver.registryNode({ fake: driver })]],
-  ),
-)
-
-beforeEach(() => {
-  calls.splice(0)
-  failConnect = false
-})
-
-it.effect("persists the workspace lifecycle and reconnects after idle suspension", () =>
-  Effect.gen(function* () {
-    const workspace = yield* Workspace.Service
-    const created = yield* workspace.create("fake")
-
-    expect(created.id.startsWith("wrk_")).toBe(true)
-    expect(created.binding).toEqual({ workspaceID: created.id, generation: 0 })
-
-    const environment = yield* workspace.connect(created.id)
-    expect(calls.map((call) => call.operation)).toEqual(["create"])
-
-    yield* TestClock.adjust("4 minutes")
-    yield* Effect.scoped(environment.spawner.spawn(ChildProcess.make("activity"))).pipe(Effect.exit)
-    yield* TestClock.adjust("4 minutes")
-    expect(calls.map((call) => call.operation)).toEqual(["create", "connect"])
-
-    yield* TestClock.adjust("2 minutes")
-    expect(calls.map((call) => call.operation)).toEqual(["create", "connect", "suspendForIdle"])
-
-    const stored = yield* Database.Service.use(({ db }) =>
-      db.select().from(WorkspaceTable).where(eq(WorkspaceTable.id, created.id)).get(),
-    ).pipe(Effect.orDie)
-    expect(stored?.binding).toEqual({ workspaceID: created.id, generation: 1, suspended: true })
-    expect(stored?.last_used_at).toBe(4 * 60 * 1000)
-
-    yield* Effect.scoped(environment.spawner.spawn(ChildProcess.make("wake"))).pipe(Effect.exit)
-    expect(calls.map((call) => call.operation)).toEqual(["create", "connect", "suspendForIdle", "connect"])
-    expect(calls.at(-1)?.binding).toEqual({ workspaceID: created.id, generation: 1, suspended: true })
-
-    yield* workspace.destroy(created.id)
-    expect(calls.at(-1)?.operation).toBe("destroy")
-  }),
-)
-
-it.effect("surfaces wake failures through the spawn error channel", () =>
-  Effect.gen(function* () {
-    const workspace = yield* Workspace.Service
-    const created = yield* workspace.create("fake")
-    const environment = yield* workspace.connect(created.id)
-    yield* Effect.scoped(environment.spawner.spawn(ChildProcess.make("connect"))).pipe(Effect.exit)
-
-    yield* TestClock.adjust("6 minutes")
-    failConnect = true
-
-    const error = yield* Effect.scoped(environment.spawner.spawn(ChildProcess.make("wake"))).pipe(Effect.flip)
-    expect(error).toMatchObject({
-      _tag: "PlatformError",
-      reason: {
-        _tag: "Unknown",
-        module: "Workspace",
-        method: "spawn",
-        description: `Failed to wake workspace ${created.id}`,
-      },
-    })
-  }),
-)

packages/httpapi-codegen/src/index.ts

@@ -1316,15 +1316,7 @@ export function write(
         }).pipe(Effect.flatMap((content) => fs.writeFileString(join(directory, file.path), content))),
       { concurrency: 8, discard: true },
     )
-    // Format the manifest with the same prettier settings as the repo-wide
-    // format pass, so `check:generated` stays clean after the generate bot
-    // reformats the tree.
-    const manifestJson = JSON.stringify(output.files.map((file) => file.path).sort())
-    const manifestContent = yield* Effect.tryPromise({
-      try: () => format(manifestJson, { filepath: manifest, parser: "json", printWidth: 120 }),
-      catch: (error) => new GenerationError({ reason: `Failed to format ${manifest}: ${String(error)}` }),
-    })
-    yield* fs.writeFileString(manifest, manifestContent)
+    yield* fs.writeFileString(manifest, JSON.stringify(output.files.map((file) => file.path).sort(), null, 2) + "\n")
   })
 }
 

packages/httpapi-codegen/test/write.test.ts

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ describe("HttpApiCodegen.write", () => {
 
       expect(writes).toEqual([
         { path: "/generated/session.ts", content: "export const session = {}\n" },
-        { path: "/generated/.httpapi-codegen.json", content: '["session.ts"]\n' },
+        { path: "/generated/.httpapi-codegen.json", content: '[\n  "session.ts"\n]\n' },
       ])
     }).pipe(
       Effect.provideService(

packages/protocol/openapi.json

@@ -1809,12 +1809,6 @@
                       "$ref": "#/components/schemas/Prompt.AgentAttachment"
                     }
                   },
-                  "skills": {
-                    "type": "array",
-                    "items": {
-                      "$ref": "#/components/schemas/PromptInput.SkillAttachment"
-                    }
-                  },
                   "metadata": {
                     "type": "object"
                   },
@@ -2023,12 +2017,6 @@
                       "$ref": "#/components/schemas/Prompt.AgentAttachment"
                     }
                   },
-                  "skills": {
-                    "type": "array",
-                    "items": {
-                      "$ref": "#/components/schemas/PromptInput.SkillAttachment"
-                    }
-                  },
                   "delivery": {
                     "anyOf": [
                       {
@@ -12853,25 +12841,6 @@
         "required": ["name"],
         "additionalProperties": false
       },
-      "Prompt.SkillAttachment": {
-        "type": "object",
-        "properties": {
-          "id": {
-            "type": "string"
-          },
-          "name": {
-            "type": "string"
-          },
-          "text": {
-            "type": "string"
-          },
-          "mention": {
-            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/Prompt.Mention"
-          }
-        },
-        "required": ["id", "name", "text"],
-        "additionalProperties": false
-      },
       "Session.Message.User": {
         "type": "object",
         "properties": {
@@ -12911,12 +12880,6 @@
               "$ref": "#/components/schemas/Prompt.AgentAttachment"
             }
           },
-          "skills": {
-            "type": "array",
-            "items": {
-              "$ref": "#/components/schemas/Prompt.SkillAttachment"
-            }
-          },
           "type": {
             "type": "string",
             "enum": ["user"]
@@ -13874,19 +13837,6 @@
         "required": ["uri"],
         "additionalProperties": false
       },
-      "PromptInput.SkillAttachment": {
-        "type": "object",
-        "properties": {
-          "id": {
-            "type": "string"
-          },
-          "mention": {
-            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/Prompt.Mention"
-          }
-        },
-        "required": ["id"],
-        "additionalProperties": false
-      },
       "SessionPending.UserData": {
         "type": "object",
         "properties": {
@@ -13905,12 +13855,6 @@
               "$ref": "#/components/schemas/Prompt.AgentAttachment"
             }
           },
-          "skills": {
-            "type": "array",
-            "items": {
-              "$ref": "#/components/schemas/Prompt.SkillAttachment"
-            }
-          },
           "metadata": {
             "type": "object"
           }
@@ -14820,12 +14764,6 @@
               "$ref": "#/components/schemas/Prompt.AgentAttachment"
             }
           },
-          "skills": {
-            "type": "array",
-            "items": {
-              "$ref": "#/components/schemas/Prompt.SkillAttachment"
-            }
-          },
           "metadata": {
             "type": "object"
           }

packages/protocol/src/groups/session.ts

@@ -345,7 +345,6 @@ export const makeSessionGroup = <I extends HttpApiMiddleware.AnyId, S>(sessionLo
           model: Model.Ref.pipe(Schema.optional),
           files: PromptInput.Prompt.fields.files,
           agents: PromptInput.Prompt.fields.agents,
-          skills: PromptInput.Prompt.fields.skills,
           delivery: SessionPending.Delivery.pipe(Schema.optional),
           resume: Schema.Boolean.pipe(Schema.optional),
         }),

packages/schema/src/prompt-input.ts

@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@ export * as PromptInput from "./prompt-input.js"
 import { Schema } from "effect"
 import { AgentAttachment, PromptMention } from "./prompt.js"
 import { optional, statics } from "./schema.js"
-import { Skill } from "./skill.js"
 
 export interface FileAttachment extends Schema.Schema.Type<typeof FileAttachment> {}
 export const FileAttachment = Schema.Struct({
@@ -20,15 +19,8 @@ export const FileAttachment = Schema.Struct({
   )
 
 export interface Prompt extends Schema.Schema.Type<typeof Prompt> {}
-export interface SkillAttachment extends Schema.Schema.Type<typeof SkillAttachment> {}
-export const SkillAttachment = Schema.Struct({
-  id: Skill.ID,
-  mention: PromptMention.pipe(optional),
-}).annotate({ identifier: "PromptInput.SkillAttachment" })
-
 export const Prompt = Schema.Struct({
   text: Schema.String,
   files: Schema.Array(FileAttachment).pipe(optional),
   agents: Schema.Array(AgentAttachment).pipe(optional),
-  skills: Schema.Array(SkillAttachment).pipe(optional),
 }).annotate({ identifier: "PromptInput" })

packages/schema/src/prompt.ts

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 import { Schema } from "effect"
 import { optional } from "./schema.js"
 import { statics } from "./schema.js"
-import { Skill } from "./skill.js"
 
 export interface PromptMention extends Schema.Schema.Type<typeof PromptMention> {}
 export const PromptMention = Schema.Struct({
@@ -53,31 +52,21 @@ export const AgentAttachment = Schema.Struct({
   mention: PromptMention.pipe(optional),
 }).annotate({ identifier: "Prompt.AgentAttachment" })
 
-export interface SkillAttachment extends Schema.Schema.Type<typeof SkillAttachment> {}
-export const SkillAttachment = Schema.Struct({
-  id: Skill.ID,
-  name: Skill.Name,
-  text: Schema.String,
-  mention: PromptMention.pipe(optional),
-}).annotate({ identifier: "Prompt.SkillAttachment" })
-
 export interface Prompt extends Schema.Schema.Type<typeof Prompt> {}
 export const Prompt = Schema.Struct({
   text: Schema.String,
   files: Schema.Array(FileAttachment).pipe(optional),
   agents: Schema.Array(AgentAttachment).pipe(optional),
-  skills: Schema.Array(SkillAttachment).pipe(optional),
 })
   .annotate({ identifier: "Prompt" })
   .pipe(
     statics((schema) => ({
       equivalence: Schema.toEquivalence(schema),
-      fromUserMessage: (input: Pick<Prompt, "text" | "files" | "agents" | "skills">) =>
+      fromUserMessage: (input: Pick<Prompt, "text" | "files" | "agents">) =>
         schema.make({
           text: input.text,
           ...(input.files === undefined ? {} : { files: input.files }),
           ...(input.agents === undefined ? {} : { agents: input.agents }),
-          ...(input.skills === undefined ? {} : { skills: input.skills }),
         }),
     })),
   )

packages/schema/src/session-message.ts

@@ -58,7 +58,6 @@ export const User = Schema.Struct({
   text: Prompt.fields.text,
   files: Prompt.fields.files,
   agents: Prompt.fields.agents,
-  skills: Prompt.fields.skills,
   type: Schema.tag("user"),
 }).annotate({ identifier: "Session.Message.User" })
 

packages/server/src/handlers/session.ts

@@ -313,7 +313,6 @@ export const SessionHandler = HttpApiBuilder.group(Api, "server.session", (handl
                 text: ctx.payload.text,
                 files: ctx.payload.files,
                 agents: ctx.payload.agents,
-                skills: ctx.payload.skills,
                 metadata: ctx.payload.metadata,
                 delivery: ctx.payload.delivery,
                 resume: ctx.payload.resume,
@@ -338,9 +337,6 @@ export const SessionHandler = HttpApiBuilder.group(Api, "server.session", (handl
                 Effect.catchTag("Session.AttachmentError", (error) =>
                   Effect.fail(new InvalidRequestError({ message: error.message, field: "files" })),
                 ),
-                Effect.catchTag("Session.SkillNotFoundError", (error) =>
-                  Effect.fail(new InvalidRequestError({ message: `Skill not found: ${error.skill}`, field: "skills" })),
-                ),
               ),
           }
         }),
@@ -359,7 +355,6 @@ export const SessionHandler = HttpApiBuilder.group(Api, "server.session", (handl
                 model: ctx.payload.model,
                 files: ctx.payload.files,
                 agents: ctx.payload.agents,
-                skills: ctx.payload.skills,
                 delivery: ctx.payload.delivery,
                 resume: ctx.payload.resume,
               })
@@ -399,9 +394,6 @@ export const SessionHandler = HttpApiBuilder.group(Api, "server.session", (handl
                 Effect.catchTag("Session.AttachmentError", (error) =>
                   Effect.fail(new InvalidRequestError({ message: error.message, field: "files" })),
                 ),
-                Effect.catchTag("Session.SkillNotFoundError", (error) =>
-                  Effect.fail(new InvalidRequestError({ message: `Skill not found: ${error.skill}`, field: "skills" })),
-                ),
               ),
           }
         }),

packages/server/src/handlers/shell.ts

@@ -21,7 +21,9 @@ export const ShellHandler = HttpApiBuilder.group(Api, "server.shell", (handlers)
         Effect.fn(function* (ctx) {
           const shell = yield* Shell.Service
           const location = yield* Location.Service
-          return yield* response(shell.create({ ...ctx.payload, cwd: ctx.payload.cwd || location.directory }))
+          return yield* response(
+            shell.create({ ...ctx.payload, cwd: ctx.payload.cwd || location.directory }).pipe(Effect.orDie),
+          )
         }),
       )
       .handle(

packages/server/src/routes.ts

@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ import { SessionRestart } from "@opencode-ai/core/session/execution/restart"
 import { PluginRuntime } from "@opencode-ai/core/plugin/runtime"
 import { SdkPlugins } from "@opencode-ai/core/plugin/sdk"
 import { WellKnown } from "@opencode-ai/core/wellknown"
-import { WorkspaceDriver } from "@opencode-ai/core/workspace/driver"
 import { Watcher } from "@opencode-ai/core/filesystem/watcher"
 import { HttpRouter } from "effect/unstable/http"
 import { HttpApiBuilder } from "effect/unstable/httpapi"
@@ -44,7 +43,6 @@ import { formLocationLayer } from "./middleware/form-location"
 import { sessionLocationLayer } from "./middleware/session-location"
 import { ServerInfo } from "./server-info"
 import type { ServerOptions } from "./options"
-import { modalWorkspaceDriver, provider as modalProvider } from "./workspace/modal-workspace"
 
 const applicationServices = LayerNode.group([
   Database.node,
@@ -117,10 +115,6 @@ function makeRoutes<AuthError, AuthServices>(
     ],
     [PluginRuntime.node, PluginRuntime.layerWithCell(pluginRuntimeCell)],
     [PluginRuntime.providerNode, PluginRuntime.providerNodeWithCell(pluginRuntimeCell)],
-    [
-      WorkspaceDriver.node,
-      WorkspaceDriver.registryNode({ [modalProvider]: modalWorkspaceDriver({ app: "opencode-workspaces" }) }),
-    ],
   ]
   const serviceLayer = options.simulation
     ? Layer.unwrap(

packages/server/src/workspace/modal-workspace.ts

@@ -1,128 +0,0 @@
-import { WorkspaceDriver } from "@opencode-ai/core/workspace/driver"
-import { Effect, Option, Schema } from "effect"
-import type { App, Image, ModalClient, ModalClientParams, Sandbox } from "modal"
-import { createModalSandboxWithClient, makeModalDriver, type ModalImageSpec, openModalClient } from "./modal"
-
-export const provider = "modal"
-
-export const ModalBinding = Schema.Struct({
-  sandboxId: Schema.optional(Schema.String),
-  snapshotImageId: Schema.optional(Schema.String),
-})
-export type ModalBinding = typeof ModalBinding.Type
-
-export interface ModalWorkspaceOptions {
-  readonly app: string
-  readonly client?: ModalClientParams
-  readonly image?: ModalImageSpec
-}
-
-export const modalWorkspaceDriver = (options: ModalWorkspaceOptions): WorkspaceDriver.Interface => {
-  const decodeBinding = Schema.decodeUnknownOption(ModalBinding)
-  let clientPromise: Promise<ModalClient> | undefined
-  let appPromise: Promise<App> | undefined
-  // The SDK client and app handle are shared for the process lifetime of this driver.
-  const client = () => (clientPromise ??= openModalClient(options.client))
-  const app = () =>
-    (appPromise ??= client().then((value) => value.apps.fromName(options.app, { createIfMissing: true })))
-
-  const attempt = <A>(run: () => Promise<A>) =>
-    Effect.tryPromise({ try: run, catch: (cause) => new WorkspaceDriver.Error({ cause }) })
-
-  const binding = (value: WorkspaceDriver.Binding): ModalBinding => Option.getOrElse(decodeBinding(value), () => ({}))
-
-  const live = async (lookup: () => Promise<Sandbox>) => {
-    const { NotFoundError } = await import("modal")
-    const sandbox = await lookup().catch((error) => {
-      if (error instanceof NotFoundError) return undefined
-      throw error
-    })
-    if (sandbox && (await sandbox.poll()) === null) return sandbox
-  }
-
-  const findLive = async (modalClient: ModalClient, value: ModalBinding, workspaceID: string) => {
-    if (value.sandboxId) {
-      const sandboxID = value.sandboxId
-      const sandbox = await live(() => modalClient.sandboxes.fromId(sandboxID))
-      if (sandbox) return sandbox
-    }
-    // Name fallback is valid only before the first snapshot; afterward a live named sandbox is stale by design.
-    if (value.snapshotImageId) return
-    return live(() => modalClient.sandboxes.fromName(options.app, workspaceID))
-  }
-
-  const createSandbox = async (workspaceID: string, image?: Image) => {
-    const { AlreadyExistsError } = await import("modal")
-    const modalClient = await client()
-    return createModalSandboxWithClient(
-      modalClient,
-      await app(),
-      {
-        image: options.image,
-        sandbox: {
-          name: workspaceID,
-          tags: { workspace: workspaceID },
-          timeoutMs: 24 * 60 * 60 * 1000,
-        },
-      },
-      image,
-    ).catch((error) => {
-      if (error instanceof AlreadyExistsError) return modalClient.sandboxes.fromName(options.app, workspaceID)
-      throw error
-    })
-  }
-
-  const deleteImage = (modalClient: ModalClient, imageID?: string) =>
-    imageID ? attempt(() => modalClient.images.delete(imageID)).pipe(Effect.ignore) : Effect.void
-
-  const terminate = (sandbox?: Sandbox) =>
-    sandbox ? attempt(() => sandbox.terminate({ wait: true })).pipe(Effect.ignore) : Effect.void
-
-  return WorkspaceDriver.make({
-    create: ({ workspaceID }) =>
-      attempt(async () => {
-        const sandbox = await createSandbox(workspaceID)
-        return { binding: { sandboxId: sandbox.sandboxId } }
-      }),
-    connect: ({ workspaceID, binding: value, saveBinding }) =>
-      Effect.gen(function* () {
-        const modalBinding = binding(value)
-        const modalClient = yield* attempt(client)
-        const sandbox = yield* attempt(async () => {
-          const existing = await findLive(modalClient, modalBinding, workspaceID)
-          const image =
-            existing || !modalBinding.snapshotImageId
-              ? undefined
-              : await modalClient.images.fromId(modalBinding.snapshotImageId)
-          return existing ?? createSandbox(workspaceID, image)
-        })
-        if (modalBinding.sandboxId !== sandbox.sandboxId) {
-          yield* saveBinding({ ...modalBinding, sandboxId: sandbox.sandboxId })
-        }
-        return makeModalDriver(sandbox)
-      }),
-    suspendForIdle: ({ workspaceID, binding: value, saveBinding }) =>
-      Effect.gen(function* () {
-        const modalBinding = binding(value)
-        const modalClient = yield* attempt(client)
-        const sandbox = yield* attempt(() => findLive(modalClient, modalBinding, workspaceID))
-        if (!sandbox) return
-        const snapshot = yield* attempt(() => sandbox.snapshotFilesystem({ ttlMs: null }))
-        yield* saveBinding({ snapshotImageId: snapshot.imageId })
-        yield* Effect.all([deleteImage(modalClient, modalBinding.snapshotImageId), terminate(sandbox)], {
-          concurrency: "unbounded",
-          discard: true,
-        })
-      }),
-    destroy: ({ workspaceID, binding: value }) =>
-      Effect.gen(function* () {
-        const modalBinding = binding(value)
-        const modalClient = yield* attempt(client)
-        const sandbox = yield* attempt(() => findLive(modalClient, modalBinding, workspaceID))
-        yield* Effect.all([terminate(sandbox), deleteImage(modalClient, modalBinding.snapshotImageId)], {
-          concurrency: "unbounded",
-          discard: true,
-        })
-      }),
-  })
-}

packages/server/src/workspace/modal.ts

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { systemError } from "effect/PlatformError"
 import type { Command, KillOptions } from "effect/unstable/process/ChildProcess"
 import { ExitCode, make, makeHandle, ProcessId } from "effect/unstable/process/ChildProcessSpawner"
 import type { Driver } from "@opencode-ai/core/environment"
-import type { App, Image, ModalClient, ModalClientParams, Sandbox, SandboxCreateParams } from "modal"
+import type { ModalClientParams, Sandbox, SandboxCreateParams } from "modal"
 
 const INNER_WRAPPER = `
 pidfile=$1
@@ -44,14 +44,11 @@ export interface ModalImageSpec {
   readonly dockerfileCommands: ReadonlyArray<string>
 }
 
-export interface ModalSandboxCreateOptions {
-  readonly image?: ModalImageSpec
-  readonly sandbox?: SandboxCreateParams
-}
-
-export interface ModalSandboxOptions extends ModalSandboxCreateOptions {
+export interface ModalSandboxOptions {
   readonly app: string
   readonly client?: ModalClientParams
+  readonly image?: ModalImageSpec
+  readonly sandbox?: SandboxCreateParams
 }
 
 /**
@@ -67,11 +64,19 @@ export const ubuntuImage: ModalImageSpec = {
 
 /** Creates a Modal sandbox lazily, keeping the SDK off the server startup path when Modal is unused. */
 export const createModalSandbox = async (options: ModalSandboxOptions) => {
-  const client = await openModalClient(options.client)
+  const { ModalClient } = await import("modal")
+  const client = new ModalClient(options.client)
   const app = await client.apps.fromName(options.app, { createIfMissing: true })
-  const sandbox = await createModalSandboxWithClient(client, app, {
-    image: options.image,
-    sandbox: options.sandbox,
+  const imageSpec = options.image ?? ubuntuImage
+  const image = client.images.fromRegistry(imageSpec.registry).dockerfileCommands([...imageSpec.dockerfileCommands])
+  // Always Modal's Full-VM runtime (beta, enabled per account): a real kernel
+  // with real device nodes, so workspaces can run Docker and other
+  // kernel-dependent workloads. Costs versus gVisor, measured Aug 2026:
+  // per-exec floor ~285-535ms versus ~90-165ms, and filesystem snapshots only
+  // (no memory snapshots — acceptable; fs-snapshot is the persistence design).
+  const sandbox = await client.sandboxes.create(app, image, {
+    ...options.sandbox,
+    experimentalOptions: { ...options.sandbox?.experimentalOptions, vm_runtime: true },
   })
   return {
     driver: makeModalDriver(sandbox),
@@ -80,32 +85,6 @@ export const createModalSandbox = async (options: ModalSandboxOptions) => {
   }
 }
 
-export const openModalClient = async (params?: ModalClientParams) => {
-  const { ModalClient } = await import("modal")
-  return new ModalClient(params)
-}
-
-export const createModalSandboxWithClient = async (
-  client: ModalClient,
-  app: App,
-  options: ModalSandboxCreateOptions,
-  existingImage?: Image,
-) => {
-  const imageSpec = options.image ?? ubuntuImage
-  const image =
-    existingImage ??
-    client.images.fromRegistry(imageSpec.registry).dockerfileCommands([...imageSpec.dockerfileCommands])
-  // Always Modal's Full-VM runtime (beta, enabled per account): a real kernel
-  // with real device nodes, so workspaces can run Docker and other
-  // kernel-dependent workloads. Costs versus gVisor, measured Aug 2026:
-  // per-exec floor ~285-535ms versus ~90-165ms, and filesystem snapshots only
-  // (no memory snapshots — acceptable; fs-snapshot is the persistence design).
-  return client.sandboxes.create(app, image, {
-    ...options.sandbox,
-    experimentalOptions: { ...options.sandbox?.experimentalOptions, vm_runtime: true },
-  })
-}
-
 /**
  * Adapts Modal exec to the Environment driver. Files intentionally has no native
  * overrides: exec latency dominates payload work (VM runtime floor measured

packages/server/test/workspace-modal.test.ts

@@ -1,54 +0,0 @@
-import fs from "node:fs"
-import os from "node:os"
-import path from "node:path"
-import { expect, test } from "bun:test"
-import { AppNodeBuilder } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/app-node-builder"
-import { makeFiles } from "@opencode-ai/core/environment"
-import { Workspace } from "@opencode-ai/core/workspace"
-import { WorkspaceDriver } from "@opencode-ai/core/workspace/driver"
-import { Effect, Layer } from "effect"
-import { TestClock } from "effect/testing"
-import { modalWorkspaceDriver, provider } from "../src/workspace/modal-workspace"
-
-const enabled =
-  !!process.env.OPENCODE_TEST_MODAL &&
-  ((!!process.env.MODAL_TOKEN_ID && !!process.env.MODAL_TOKEN_SECRET) ||
-    fs.existsSync(path.join(os.homedir(), ".modal.toml")))
-
-const testLayer = Layer.provideMerge(
-  AppNodeBuilder.build(Workspace.configured({ idleThreshold: "1 minute", pollInterval: "1 minute" }), [
-    [
-      WorkspaceDriver.node,
-      WorkspaceDriver.registryNode({ [provider]: modalWorkspaceDriver({ app: "opencode-workspace-tests" }) }),
-    ],
-  ]),
-  TestClock.layer(),
-)
-const modalTest = enabled ? test : test.skip
-
-modalTest(
-  "wakes a workspace from its filesystem snapshot",
-  () =>
-    Effect.runPromise(
-      Effect.gen(function* () {
-        const workspace = yield* Workspace.Service
-        yield* Effect.acquireUseRelease(
-          workspace.create(provider),
-          (created) =>
-            Effect.gen(function* () {
-              const environment = yield* workspace.connect(created.id)
-              const files = makeFiles(environment)
-              const file = `/tmp/opencode-workspace-${crypto.randomUUID()}.txt`
-              yield* files.write(file, new TextEncoder().encode("survived snapshot"))
-
-              yield* TestClock.adjust("2 minutes")
-
-              const restored = yield* files.read(file)
-              expect(new TextDecoder().decode(restored.bytes)).toBe("survived snapshot")
-            }),
-          (created) => workspace.destroy(created.id).pipe(Effect.ignore),
-        )
-      }).pipe(Effect.scoped, Effect.provide(testLayer)),
-    ),
-  180_000,
-)

packages/theme/src/tui/syntax.ts

@@ -12,7 +12,6 @@ export function generateSyntax(theme: ResolvedThemeTokens, mode: Mode) {
     rule(["prompt"], theme.hue.accent[step]),
     rule(["extmark.file"], feedback.warning.default, { bold: true }),
     rule(["extmark.agent"], theme.categorical[0][step], { bold: true }),
-    rule(["extmark.skill"], theme.categorical[1][step], { bold: true }),
     // V1 migration preserves its selected/inverse foreground in this action state.
     rule(["extmark.paste"], theme.text.action.primary.focused, {
       background: feedback.warning.default,

packages/tui/src/app.tsx

@@ -118,7 +118,6 @@ const sessionTabBindingCommands = [
   "session.tab.select.7",
   "session.tab.select.8",
   "session.tab.select.9",
-  "session.tab.select.10",
 ] as const
 
 const pinnedSessionBindingCommands = [
@@ -715,7 +714,7 @@ function App(props: { pair?: DialogPairCredentials }) {
         enabled: sessionTabs.enabled,
         run: () => sessionTabs.reopen(),
       },
-      ...Array.from({ length: 10 }, (_, i) => ({
+      ...Array.from({ length: 9 }, (_, i) => ({
         name: `session.tab.select.${i + 1}`,
         title: `Switch to tab ${i + 1}`,
         category: "Session",

packages/tui/src/component/prompt/autocomplete.tsx

@@ -19,9 +19,8 @@ import { Locale } from "../../util/locale"
 import type { PromptInfo, PromptPartRef } from "../../prompt/history"
 import { useFrecency } from "../../prompt/frecency"
 import { Keymap } from "../../context/keymap"
-import { displayCharAt, mentionTriggerIndex, slashTriggerIndex } from "../../prompt/display"
+import { displayCharAt, mentionTriggerIndex } from "../../prompt/display"
 import type { FileSystemEntry } from "@opencode-ai/client"
-import { Skill } from "@opencode-ai/schema/skill"
 import { stringWidth } from "../../util/string-width"
 import { parseFileLineRange, stripFileLineRange } from "../../prompt/parse"
 import { moveSelection, revealSelectionOffset } from "../../ui/select-controller"
@@ -40,7 +39,6 @@ export type AutocompleteOption = {
   isDirectory?: boolean
   onSelect?: () => void
   path?: string
-  kind?: "skill"
 }
 
 export function Autocomplete(props: {
@@ -53,8 +51,6 @@ export function Autocomplete(props: {
   ref: (ref: AutocompleteRef) => void
   fileStyleId: number
   agentStyleId: number
-  skillStyleId: number
-  hasSkill: (id: string) => boolean
   promptPartTypeId: () => number
 }) {
   const editor = useEditorContext()
@@ -144,17 +140,14 @@ export function Autocomplete(props: {
     text: string,
     part:
       | { type: "file"; value: NonNullable<PromptInfo["files"]>[number]; path?: string }
-      | { type: "agent"; value: NonNullable<PromptInfo["agents"]>[number] }
-      | { type: "skill"; value: NonNullable<PromptInfo["skills"]>[number] },
+      | { type: "agent"; value: NonNullable<PromptInfo["agents"]>[number] },
   ) {
-    if (part.type === "skill" && props.hasSkill(part.value.id)) return
     const input = props.input()
     const currentCursorOffset = input.cursorOffset
 
     const charAfterCursor = displayCharAt(props.value, currentCursorOffset)
     const needsSpace = charAfterCursor !== " "
-    const prefix = part.type === "skill" ? "/" : "@"
-    const append = prefix + text + (needsSpace ? " " : "")
+    const append = "@" + text + (needsSpace ? " " : "")
 
     input.cursorOffset = store.index
     const startCursor = input.logicalCursor
@@ -164,12 +157,11 @@ export function Autocomplete(props: {
     input.deleteRange(startCursor.row, startCursor.col, endCursor.row, endCursor.col)
     input.insertText(append)
 
-    const virtualText = prefix + text
+    const virtualText = "@" + text
     const extmarkStart = store.index
     const extmarkEnd = extmarkStart + stringWidth(virtualText)
 
-    const styleId =
-      part.type === "file" ? props.fileStyleId : part.type === "skill" ? props.skillStyleId : props.agentStyleId
+    const styleId = part.type === "file" ? props.fileStyleId : props.agentStyleId
 
     const extmarkId = input.extmarks.create({
       start: extmarkStart,
@@ -203,20 +195,6 @@ export function Autocomplete(props: {
         return
       }
 
-      if (part.type === "skill") {
-        const skills = (draft.skills ??= [])
-        if (skills.some((skill) => skill.id === part.value.id)) return
-        if (part.value.mention) {
-          part.value.mention.start = extmarkStart
-          part.value.mention.end = extmarkEnd
-          part.value.mention.text = virtualText
-        }
-        const index = skills.length
-        skills.push(part.value)
-        props.setExtmark({ type: "skill", index }, extmarkId)
-        return
-      }
-
       const agents = (draft.agents ??= [])
       if (part.value.mention) {
         part.value.mention.start = extmarkStart
@@ -455,12 +433,7 @@ export function Autocomplete(props: {
       results.push({
         display: "/" + skill.id,
         description: skill.description,
-        kind: "skill",
-        onSelect: () =>
-          insertPart(skill.id, {
-            type: "skill",
-            value: { id: Skill.ID.make(skill.id), mention: { start: 0, end: 0, text: "" } },
-          }),
+        onSelect: () => insertSlash(skill.id),
       })
     }
 
@@ -490,11 +463,7 @@ export function Autocomplete(props: {
     // it shouldn't be additionally sorted by fuzzysort as it will loose the results
     const fileOptions: AutocompleteOption[] = store.visible === "@" ? fileSearch.options : []
     const nonFileOptions: AutocompleteOption[] =
-      store.visible === "@"
-        ? [...referenceAliasesValue, ...agentsValue, ...mcpResources()]
-        : store.index === 0
-          ? [...commandsValue]
-          : commandsValue.filter((item) => item.kind === "skill")
+      store.visible === "@" ? [...referenceAliasesValue, ...agentsValue, ...mcpResources()] : [...commandsValue]
 
     if (!searchValue) {
       return [...nonFileOptions, ...fileOptions]
@@ -551,7 +520,7 @@ export function Autocomplete(props: {
   function select() {
     const selected = options()[store.selected]
     if (!selected) return
-    hide(true)
+    hide()
     selected.onSelect?.()
   }
 
@@ -639,18 +608,14 @@ export function Autocomplete(props: {
     })
   }
 
-  function hide(removeToken = false) {
-    if (removeToken && store.visible === "/") {
-      const input = props.input()
-      const cursorOffset = input.cursorOffset
-      input.cursorOffset = store.index
-      const start = input.logicalCursor
-      input.cursorOffset = cursorOffset
-      const end = input.logicalCursor
-      input.deleteRange(start.row, start.col, end.row, end.col)
+  function hide() {
+    const text = props.input().plainText
+    if (store.visible === "/" && !text.endsWith(" ") && text.startsWith("/")) {
+      const cursor = props.input().logicalCursor
+      props.input().deleteRange(0, 0, cursor.row, cursor.col)
       // Sync the prompt store immediately since onContentChange is async
       props.setPrompt((draft) => {
-        draft.text = input.plainText
+        draft.text = props.input().plainText
       })
     }
     setStore("visible", false)
@@ -675,7 +640,9 @@ export function Autocomplete(props: {
             // Typed text before the trigger
             props.input().cursorOffset <= store.index ||
             // There is a space between the trigger and the cursor
-            props.input().getTextRange(store.index, props.input().cursorOffset).match(/\s/)
+            props.input().getTextRange(store.index, props.input().cursorOffset).match(/\s/) ||
+            // "/<command>" is not the sole content
+            (store.visible === "/" && value.match(/^\S+\s+\S+\s*$/))
           ) {
             hide()
           }
@@ -686,10 +653,10 @@ export function Autocomplete(props: {
         const offset = props.input().cursorOffset
         if (offset === 0) return
 
-        const slash = slashTriggerIndex(value, offset)
-        if (slash !== undefined) {
+        // Check for "/" at position 0 - reopen slash commands
+        if (value.startsWith("/") && !value.slice(0, offset).match(/\s/)) {
           show("/")
-          setStore("index", slash)
+          setStore("index", 0)
           return
         }
 

packages/tui/src/component/prompt/index.tsx

@@ -29,7 +29,6 @@ import { parseSlashHead } from "../../prompt/parse"
 import { stringWidth } from "../../util/string-width"
 import { createStore, produce, unwrap } from "solid-js/store"
 import { emptyPrompt, usePromptHistory, type PromptInfo, type PromptPartRef } from "../../prompt/history"
-import { Skill } from "@opencode-ai/schema/skill"
 import { computePromptTraits } from "../../prompt/traits"
 import { expandPastedTextPlaceholders, expandTrackedPastedText } from "../../prompt/part"
 import { usePromptStash } from "../../prompt/stash"
@@ -274,7 +273,6 @@ export function Prompt(props: PromptProps) {
   }
   const fileStyleId = syntax().getStyleId("extmark.file")!
   const agentStyleId = syntax().getStyleId("extmark.agent")!
-  const skillStyleId = syntax().getStyleId("extmark.skill")!
   const pasteStyleId = syntax().getStyleId("extmark.paste")!
   let promptPartTypeId = 0
   const event = useEvent()
@@ -495,29 +493,12 @@ export function Prompt(props: PromptProps) {
             <DialogSkill
               location={currentLocation.current}
               onSelect={(skill) => {
-                if (store.prompt.skills?.some((item) => item.id === skill)) return
-                const text = `/${skill}`
-                const start = input.cursorOffset
-                input.insertText(text + " ")
-                const extmarkId = input.extmarks.create({
-                  start,
-                  end: start + promptOffsetWidth(text),
-                  virtual: true,
-                  styleId: skillStyleId,
-                  typeId: promptPartTypeId,
+                input.setText(`/${skill} `)
+                setStore("prompt", {
+                  ...emptyPrompt(),
+                  text: `/${skill} `,
                 })
-                setStore(
-                  produce((draft) => {
-                    draft.prompt.text = input.plainText
-                    const skills = (draft.prompt.skills ??= [])
-                    const index = skills.length
-                    skills.push({
-                      id: Skill.ID.make(skill),
-                      mention: { start, end: start + promptOffsetWidth(text), text },
-                    })
-                    draft.extmarkToPart.set(extmarkId, { type: "skill", index })
-                  }),
-                )
+                input.gotoBufferEnd()
               }}
             />
           ))
@@ -658,11 +639,6 @@ export function Prompt(props: PromptProps) {
         ref: { type: "agent" as const, index },
         styleId: agentStyleId,
       })),
-      ...(prompt.skills ?? []).map((part, index) => ({
-        mention: part.mention,
-        ref: { type: "skill" as const, index },
-        styleId: skillStyleId,
-      })),
       ...prompt.pasted.map((part, index) => ({
         mention: part.source,
         ref: { type: "pasted" as const, index },
@@ -695,7 +671,6 @@ export function Prompt(props: PromptProps) {
         const newMap = new Map<number, PromptPartRef>()
         const files: NonNullable<PromptInfo["files"]> = []
         const agents: NonNullable<PromptInfo["agents"]> = []
-        const skills: NonNullable<PromptInfo["skills"]> = []
         const pasted: PromptInfo["pasted"] = []
 
         for (const extmark of allExtmarks) {
@@ -721,16 +696,6 @@ export function Prompt(props: PromptProps) {
             newMap.set(extmark.id, { type: "agent", index })
             continue
           }
-          if (ref.type === "skill") {
-            const part = draft.prompt.skills?.[ref.index]
-            if (!part?.mention) continue
-            part.mention.start = extmark.start
-            part.mention.end = extmark.end
-            const index = skills.length
-            skills.push(part)
-            newMap.set(extmark.id, { type: "skill", index })
-            continue
-          }
           const part = draft.prompt.pasted[ref.index]
           if (!part) continue
           part.source.start = extmark.start
@@ -743,7 +708,6 @@ export function Prompt(props: PromptProps) {
         draft.extmarkToPart = newMap
         draft.prompt.files = files
         draft.prompt.agents = agents
-        draft.prompt.skills = skills
         draft.prompt.pasted = pasted
       }),
     )
@@ -1019,7 +983,6 @@ export function Prompt(props: PromptProps) {
     )
     const slashHead = parseSlashHead(inputText, /\s/)
     const isSkill =
-      !(store.prompt.skills?.length ?? 0) &&
       slashHead !== undefined &&
       (data.location.skill.list(currentLocation.ref) ?? []).some(
         (skill) => skill.slash === true && skill.id === slashHead.name,
@@ -1117,7 +1080,6 @@ export function Prompt(props: PromptProps) {
           model,
           files: store.prompt.files,
           agents: store.prompt.agents,
-          skills: store.prompt.skills?.length ? store.prompt.skills : undefined,
           delivery,
         })
         .catch((error) => {
@@ -1184,7 +1146,6 @@ export function Prompt(props: PromptProps) {
           text: inputText,
           files: store.prompt.files,
           agents: store.prompt.agents,
-          skills: store.prompt.skills?.length ? store.prompt.skills : undefined,
           delivery,
         })
         .then(
@@ -1724,8 +1685,6 @@ export function Prompt(props: PromptProps) {
         value={store.prompt.text}
         fileStyleId={fileStyleId}
         agentStyleId={agentStyleId}
-        skillStyleId={skillStyleId}
-        hasSkill={(id) => store.prompt.skills?.some((skill) => skill.id === id) ?? false}
         promptPartTypeId={() => promptPartTypeId}
       />
     </>

packages/tui/src/component/session-tabs.tsx

@@ -10,7 +10,6 @@ import {
   moveSessionTab,
   NEW_SESSION_TAB_TITLE,
   sessionTabComplete,
-  sessionTabShortcutLabel,
   seedSessionTabMotion,
   sessionTabOverflowWidth,
   type SessionTab,
@@ -141,7 +140,7 @@ function VerticalSessionTabs(props: { controller?: SessionTabsController; animat
                 const value = session()
                 return value ? data.project.get(value.projectID) : undefined
               })
-              const numberWidth = () => 2
+              const numberWidth = () => String(index() + 1).length + 1
               const titleWidth = () => Math.max(1, width() - numberWidth() - 2 - (hovered() === tab.sessionID ? 1 : 0))
               const title = () => tab.title ?? "Untitled session"
               const visibleTitle = createMemo(() => Locale.takeWidth(title(), titleWidth()))
@@ -312,7 +311,7 @@ function VerticalSessionTabs(props: { controller?: SessionTabsController; animat
                         selectable={false}
                         attributes={selected() ? TextAttributes.BOLD : undefined}
                       >
-                        {sessionTabShortcutLabel(index())}
+                        {index() + 1}
                       </text>
                       <text
                         width={titleWidth()}
@@ -556,8 +555,8 @@ function HorizontalSessionTabs(props: { controller?: SessionTabsController; anim
           const glows = () => !selected() && (status().attention || (!status().busy && status().unread !== undefined))
           const title = () => tab.title ?? "Untitled session"
           const tabNumber = createMemo(() => items().findIndex((item) => item.sessionID === tab.sessionID) + 1)
-          // Shortcut labels stay one cell wide: 1-9, 0 for ten, then a neutral dot.
-          const numberWidth = () => 2
+          // The number cell keeps one trailing space, even for double-digit tabs.
+          const numberWidth = () => String(tabNumber()).length + 1
           // Hovering reveals the close mark, so the title's right bound shifts left of it.
           const availableTitleWidth = () =>
             Math.max(1, width() - 1 - numberWidth() - (hovered() === tab.sessionID ? 2 : 0))
@@ -640,7 +639,7 @@ function HorizontalSessionTabs(props: { controller?: SessionTabsController; anim
                   {" "}
                 </text>
                 <text width={numberWidth()} fg={numberColor()} selectable={false} attributes={bold()}>
-                  {sessionTabShortcutLabel(tabNumber() - 1)}
+                  {tabNumber()}
                 </text>
                 <text
                   width={availableTitleWidth()}

packages/tui/src/config/v1/keybind.ts

@@ -126,7 +126,6 @@ export const Definitions = {
   session_tab_select_7: keybind("<leader>7,ctrl+7", "Switch to tab 7"),
   session_tab_select_8: keybind("<leader>8,ctrl+8", "Switch to tab 8"),
   session_tab_select_9: keybind("<leader>9,ctrl+9", "Switch to tab 9"),
-  session_tab_select_10: keybind("<leader>0,ctrl+0", "Switch to tab 10"),
 
   stash_delete: keybind("ctrl+d", "Delete stash entry"),
   model_provider_list: keybind("ctrl+a", "Open provider list from model dialog"),
@@ -330,7 +329,6 @@ export const CommandMap = {
   session_tab_select_7: "session.tab.select.7",
   session_tab_select_8: "session.tab.select.8",
   session_tab_select_9: "session.tab.select.9",
-  session_tab_select_10: "session.tab.select.10",
   stash_delete: "stash.delete",
   model_provider_list: "model.dialog.provider",
   model_favorite_toggle: "model.dialog.favorite",

packages/tui/src/context/session-tabs-model.ts

@@ -7,12 +7,6 @@ export type SessionTabUnread = "activity" | "error"
 
 export const NEW_SESSION_TAB_TITLE = "New session"
 
-export function sessionTabShortcutLabel(index: number) {
-  if (index >= 0 && index < 9) return String(index + 1)
-  if (index === 9) return "0"
-  return "·"
-}
-
 export type SessionTabHistory = {
   entries: readonly string[]
   index: number

packages/tui/src/mini/footer.prompt.tsx

@@ -21,7 +21,6 @@ import {
   isExitCommand,
   isCompactCommand,
   mentionTriggerIndex,
-  slashTriggerIndex,
   isNewCommand,
   movePromptHistory,
   promptCopy,
@@ -51,7 +50,7 @@ export const TEXTAREA_MIN_ROWS = 1
 const TEXTAREA_MAX_ROWS = 6
 export const PROMPT_MAX_ROWS = TEXTAREA_MAX_ROWS + AUTOCOMPLETE_ROWS - 1 + AUTOCOMPLETE_BOTTOM_ROWS
 
-type Mention = Extract<RunPromptPart, { type: "file" | "agent" | "skill" }>
+type Mention = Extract<RunPromptPart, { type: "file" | "agent" }>
 
 type Auto = RunFooterMenuItem & {
   kind: "mention"
@@ -66,12 +65,7 @@ type SlashOption = RunFooterMenuItem & {
   action?: "skill-menu" | "editor" | "settings"
 }
 
-type SkillOption = RunFooterMenuItem & {
-  kind: "skill"
-  id: string
-}
-
-type PromptOption = Auto | SlashOption | SkillOption
+type PromptOption = Auto | SlashOption
 
 type MenuMode = false | "mention" | "slash"
 
@@ -130,9 +124,12 @@ function emptyPrompt(shell: boolean): RunPrompt {
 }
 
 function slashQuery(text: string, cursor: number) {
-  const at = slashTriggerIndex(text, cursor)
-  if (at === undefined) return
-  return { at, value: displaySlice(text, at + 1, cursor) }
+  const head = parseSlashHead(text.slice(0, cursor))
+  if (!head || head.end !== cursor) {
+    return
+  }
+
+  return head.name
 }
 
 function parseSlashCommand(text: string, commands: RunCommand[] | undefined) {
@@ -385,18 +382,10 @@ export function createPromptState(input: PromptInput): PromptState {
   )
   const mentionOptions = createMemo(() => [...agents(), ...files(), ...references()])
   const skillCommands = createMemo(() => (input.commands() ?? []).filter((item) => item.source === "skill"))
-  const skillOptions = createMemo<SkillOption[]>(() =>
-    skillCommands().map((item) => ({
-      kind: "skill",
-      id: item.name,
-      display: `/${item.name}`,
-      description: item.description,
-    })),
-  )
   const hasSkillsCommand = createMemo(() =>
     (input.commands() ?? []).some((item) => item.source !== "skill" && item.name === "skills"),
   )
-  const slashOptions = createMemo<Array<SlashOption | SkillOption>>(() => {
+  const slashOptions = createMemo<SlashOption[]>(() => {
     const builtins = [
       {
         kind: "slash",
@@ -428,7 +417,6 @@ export function createPromptState(input: PromptInput): PromptState {
     }
 
     return [
-      ...skillOptions(),
       ...(showSkillMenu
         ? [
             {
@@ -455,7 +443,7 @@ export function createPromptState(input: PromptInput): PromptState {
     ].sort((a, b) => a.display.localeCompare(b.display))
   })
   const options = createMemo<PromptOption[]>(() => {
-    const mixed: PromptOption[] = mode() === "slash" ? (at() === 0 ? slashOptions() : skillOptions()) : mentionOptions()
+    const mixed: PromptOption[] = mode() === "slash" ? slashOptions() : mentionOptions()
     if (!query()) {
       return mixed
     }
@@ -471,11 +459,7 @@ export function createPromptState(input: PromptInput): PromptState {
 
     return fuzzysort
       .go(next, mixed, {
-        keys: [
-          (item) => (item.kind === "mention" ? item.value : item.kind === "skill" ? item.id : item.name).trimEnd(),
-          "display",
-          "description",
-        ],
+        keys: [(item) => (item.kind === "mention" ? item.value : item.name).trimEnd(), "display", "description"],
       })
       .map((item) => item.obj)
   })
@@ -528,19 +512,17 @@ export function createPromptState(input: PromptInput): PromptState {
         continue
       }
 
-      const text = displaySlice(area.plainText, item.start, item.end)
+      const text = area.plainText.slice(item.start, item.end)
       const prev =
         part.type === "agent"
           ? (part.source?.value ?? "@" + part.name)
-          : part.type === "skill"
-            ? (part.source?.value ?? "/" + part.id)
-            : (part.source?.text.value ?? "@" + (part.filename ?? ""))
+          : (part.source?.text.value ?? "@" + (part.filename ?? ""))
       if (text !== prev) {
         continue
       }
 
       const copy = structuredClone(part)
-      if (copy.type === "agent" || copy.type === "skill") {
+      if (copy.type === "agent") {
         copy.source = {
           start: item.start,
           end: item.end,
@@ -576,7 +558,7 @@ export function createPromptState(input: PromptInput): PromptState {
   const restoreParts = (value: RunPromptPart[]) => {
     clearParts()
     parts = value
-      .filter((item): item is Mention => item.type === "file" || item.type === "agent" || item.type === "skill")
+      .filter((item): item is Mention => item.type === "file" || item.type === "agent")
       .map((item) => structuredClone(item))
     if (!area || area.isDestroyed || type === 0) {
       return
@@ -584,8 +566,8 @@ export function createPromptState(input: PromptInput): PromptState {
 
     const box = area
     parts.forEach((item, idx) => {
-      const start = item.type === "file" ? item.source?.text.start : item.source?.start
-      const end = item.type === "file" ? item.source?.text.end : item.source?.end
+      const start = item.type === "agent" ? item.source?.start : item.source?.text.start
+      const end = item.type === "agent" ? item.source?.end : item.source?.text.end
       if (start === undefined || end === undefined) {
         return
       }
@@ -645,16 +627,16 @@ export function createPromptState(input: PromptInput): PromptState {
         return
       }
 
-      setAt(slash.at)
-      setQuery(slash.value)
+      setAt(0)
+      setQuery(slash)
       return
     }
 
     if (slash !== undefined) {
-      setAt(slash.at)
+      setAt(0)
       menu.reset()
       setMode("slash")
-      setQuery(slash.value)
+      setQuery(slash)
       return
     }
 
@@ -800,7 +782,7 @@ export function createPromptState(input: PromptInput): PromptState {
     }
 
     const cursor = area.cursorOffset
-    const startOffset = at()
+    const startOffset = mode() === "slash" ? 0 : at()
     area.cursorOffset = startOffset
     const start = area.logicalCursor
     area.cursorOffset = cursor
@@ -846,39 +828,6 @@ export function createPromptState(input: PromptInput): PromptState {
       return
     }
 
-    if (next.kind === "skill") {
-      if (parts.some((part) => part.type === "skill" && part.id === next.id)) {
-        cancelAutocomplete()
-        return
-      }
-      const cursor = area.cursorOffset
-      const tail = displayCharAt(area.plainText, cursor)
-      const append = `/${next.id}${tail === " " ? "" : " "}`
-      area.cursorOffset = at()
-      const start = area.logicalCursor
-      area.cursorOffset = cursor
-      const end = area.logicalCursor
-      area.deleteRange(start.row, start.col, end.row, end.col)
-      area.insertText(append)
-
-      const text = `/${next.id}`
-      const startOffset = at()
-      const endOffset = startOffset + stringWidth(text)
-      const part: Extract<RunPromptPart, { type: "skill" }> = {
-        type: "skill",
-        id: next.id,
-        source: { start: startOffset, end: endOffset, value: text },
-      }
-      const id = area.extmarks.create({ start: startOffset, end: endOffset, virtual: true, typeId: type })
-      marks.set(id, parts.length)
-      parts.push(part)
-      hide()
-      syncDraft()
-      scheduleRows()
-      area.focus()
-      return
-    }
-
     if (next.kind === "slash") {
       if (next.action === "editor") {
         void openEditor({
@@ -1244,7 +1193,7 @@ export function createPromptState(input: PromptInput): PromptState {
     }
 
     const parsed =
-      command || next.parts.some((part) => part.type === "skill") || next.mode === "shell" || isNewCommand(next.text)
+      command || next.mode === "shell" || isNewCommand(next.text)
         ? undefined
         : parseSlashCommand(next.text, input.commands())
     if (parsed?.type === "pending") {

packages/tui/src/mini/prompt.editor.ts

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import type { RunPromptPart } from "./types"
 import { realignPromptMentions } from "../prompt/mention"
 import { parseSlashHead } from "../prompt/parse"
 
-type Mention = Extract<RunPromptPart, { type: "file" | "agent" | "skill" }>
+type Mention = Extract<RunPromptPart, { type: "file" | "agent" }>
 
 export function resolveEditorSlashValue(text: string) {
   const head = parseSlashHead(text)
@@ -17,13 +17,13 @@ export function realignEditorPromptParts(content: string, parts: RunPromptPart[]
   const matches = realignPromptMentions(
     content,
     parts.map((part) => {
-      if (part.type !== "file" && part.type !== "agent" && part.type !== "skill") return
+      if (part.type !== "file" && part.type !== "agent") return
       return promptPartMention(part)
     }),
   )
 
   return parts.flatMap((part, index) => {
-    if (part.type !== "file" && part.type !== "agent" && part.type !== "skill") return [part]
+    if (part.type !== "file" && part.type !== "agent") return [part]
     const mention = promptPartMention(part)
     if (!mention?.text) return [part]
     const match = matches[index]
@@ -32,13 +32,13 @@ export function realignEditorPromptParts(content: string, parts: RunPromptPart[]
 }
 
 function promptPartMention(part: Mention) {
-  const source = part.type === "file" ? part.source?.text : part.source
+  const source = part.type === "agent" ? part.source : part.source?.text
   if (!source) return
   return { start: source.start, end: source.end, text: source.value }
 }
 
 function updatePromptPart(part: Mention, start: number, end: number, text: string): Mention {
-  if (part.type === "agent" || part.type === "skill") {
+  if (part.type === "agent") {
     return {
       ...part,
       source: {

packages/tui/src/mini/prompt.shared.ts

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
 // the current browse position. When the user arrows up at cursor offset 0,
 // the current draft is saved and history begins. Arrowing past the end
 // restores the draft.
-export { displayCharAt, displaySlice, mentionTriggerIndex, slashTriggerIndex } from "../prompt/display"
+export { displayCharAt, displaySlice, mentionTriggerIndex } from "../prompt/display"
 import { stringWidth } from "../util/string-width"
 import type { RunPrompt } from "./types"
 

packages/tui/src/mini/stream-v2.transport.ts

@@ -288,21 +288,6 @@ function promptAgents(next: SessionTurnInput) {
   )
 }
 
-function promptSkills(next: SessionTurnInput) {
-  return next.prompt.parts.flatMap((part) =>
-    part.type === "skill"
-      ? [
-          {
-            id: part.id,
-            mention: part.source
-              ? { start: part.source.start, end: part.source.end, text: part.source.value }
-              : undefined,
-          },
-        ]
-      : [],
-  )
-}
-
 function streamPartKey(messageID: string, partID: string) {
   return `${messageID}\u0000${partID}`
 }
@@ -373,12 +358,12 @@ const catalogEvents = new Set([
 // briefly so the output commit renders inside it.
 const SHELL_OUTPUT_GRACE_MS = 1500
 
-function skillCommit(messageID: string, name: string, skillID = messageID): StreamCommit {
+function skillCommit(messageID: string, name: string): StreamCommit {
   return {
     kind: "system",
     source: "system",
     messageID,
-    partID: `skill:${skillID}`,
+    partID: `skill:${messageID}`,
     text: `→ Skill "${name}"`,
     phase: "start",
   }
@@ -652,10 +637,7 @@ export async function createSessionTransport(input: StreamInput): Promise<Sessio
       state.messageIDs.add(message.id)
       if (!render) return
       if (reuseVisibleWait && waiting) return
-      write([
-        ...(message.skills ?? []).map((skill) => skillCommit(message.id, skill.name, skill.id)),
-        { kind: "user", source: "system", text: message.text, phase: "start", messageID: message.id },
-      ])
+      write([{ kind: "user", source: "system", text: message.text, phase: "start", messageID: message.id }])
       return
     }
     if (message.type === "skill") {
@@ -1633,7 +1615,6 @@ export async function createSessionTransport(input: StreamInput): Promise<Sessio
     const command = next.prompt.command
     const attachments = await prepareAttachments(next, command ? "command" : "prompt", input.readTextFile)
     const agents = promptAgents(next)
-    const skills = promptSkills(next)
     if (!command) {
       input.trace?.write("send.prompt", { sessionID: input.sessionID, messageID, delivery })
       return client.session.prompt(
@@ -1643,7 +1624,6 @@ export async function createSessionTransport(input: StreamInput): Promise<Sessio
           text: [next.prompt.text, ...attachments.text].join("\n\n"),
           files: attachments.files.length ? attachments.files : undefined,
           agents: agents.length ? agents : undefined,
-          skills: skills.length ? skills : undefined,
           delivery,
         },
         { signal: next.signal },
@@ -1663,7 +1643,6 @@ export async function createSessionTransport(input: StreamInput): Promise<Sessio
         model: selected,
         files: attachments.files.length ? attachments.files : undefined,
         agents: agents.length ? agents : undefined,
-        skills: skills.length ? skills : undefined,
         delivery,
       },
       { signal: next.signal },

packages/tui/src/mini/types.ts

@@ -47,7 +47,6 @@ export type RunPromptPart =
       }
     }
   | { type: "agent"; name: string; source?: { start: number; end: number; value: string } }
-  | { type: "skill"; id: string; source?: { start: number; end: number; value: string } }
 
 export type RunCommand = {
   name: string

packages/tui/src/prompt/codec.ts

@@ -1,14 +1,9 @@
 import type { Prompt, PromptInput } from "@opencode-ai/schema"
-import { Skill } from "@opencode-ai/schema/skill"
 import type { Types } from "effect"
 
 export type EditablePromptInput = Types.DeepMutable<PromptInput.Prompt>
 
-type ProjectedPrompt = Pick<Prompt, "text" | "files" | "agents"> & {
-  readonly skills?: ReadonlyArray<{ readonly id: string; readonly mention?: PromptInput.SkillAttachment["mention"] }>
-}
-
-export function projectedPromptInput(input: ProjectedPrompt): EditablePromptInput {
+export function projectedPromptInput(input: Pick<Prompt, "text" | "files" | "agents">): EditablePromptInput {
   return {
     text: input.text,
     files: input.files?.map((file) => ({
@@ -21,9 +16,5 @@ export function projectedPromptInput(input: ProjectedPrompt): EditablePromptInpu
       name: agent.name,
       mention: agent.mention ? { ...agent.mention } : undefined,
     })),
-    skills: input.skills?.map((skill) => ({
-      id: Skill.ID.make(skill.id),
-      mention: skill.mention ? { ...skill.mention } : undefined,
-    })),
   }
 }

packages/tui/src/prompt/display.ts

@@ -48,14 +48,3 @@ export function mentionTriggerIndex(value: string, offset = promptOffsetWidth(va
     return promptOffsetWidth(text.slice(0, index))
   }
 }
-
-export function slashTriggerIndex(value: string, offset = promptOffsetWidth(value)) {
-  const text = displaySlice(value, 0, offset)
-  for (let index = text.lastIndexOf("/"); index >= 0; index = text.lastIndexOf("/", index - 1)) {
-    const before = index === 0 ? undefined : text[index - 1]
-    const query = text.slice(index)
-    if (before !== undefined && !/\s/.test(before)) continue
-    if (/\s/.test(query) || query.slice(1).includes("/")) return
-    return promptOffsetWidth(text.slice(0, index))
-  }
-}

packages/tui/src/prompt/history.tsx

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import path from "path"
 import { onMount } from "solid-js"
 import { createStore, produce, unwrap } from "solid-js/store"
-import type { PromptInput } from "@opencode-ai/schema"
+import type { SessionPromptInput } from "@opencode-ai/client"
 import type { Types } from "effect"
 import { createSimpleContext } from "../context/helper"
 import { useTuiPaths } from "../context/runtime"
@@ -16,17 +16,17 @@ export type PastedText = {
   }
 }
 
-export type PromptInfo = Types.DeepMutable<Pick<PromptInput.Prompt, "text" | "files" | "agents" | "skills">> & {
+export type PromptInfo = Types.DeepMutable<Pick<SessionPromptInput, "text" | "files" | "agents">> & {
   pasted: PastedText[]
   mode?: "normal" | "shell"
 }
 
 export type PromptPartRef = {
-  type: "file" | "agent" | "skill" | "pasted"
+  type: "file" | "agent" | "pasted"
   index: number
 }
 
-export const emptyPrompt = (): PromptInfo => ({ text: "", files: [], agents: [], skills: [], pasted: [] })
+export const emptyPrompt = (): PromptInfo => ({ text: "", files: [], agents: [], pasted: [] })
 
 export const MAX_HISTORY_ENTRIES = 50
 

packages/tui/src/prompt/mention.ts

@@ -52,11 +52,9 @@ export function realignPromptMentions(
 export function realignPromptInputMentions(content: string, input: PromptInput.Prompt): EditablePromptInput {
   const files = input.files ?? []
   const agents = input.agents ?? []
-  const skills = input.skills ?? []
   const mentions = realignPromptMentions(content, [
     ...files.map((file) => file.mention),
     ...agents.map((agent) => agent.mention),
-    ...skills.map((skill) => skill.mention),
   ])
   const align = <T extends { mention?: PromptMention }>(items: readonly T[] | undefined, offset = 0) =>
     items?.flatMap((item, index) => {
@@ -69,7 +67,6 @@ export function realignPromptInputMentions(content: string, input: PromptInput.P
     text: content,
     files: align(input.files),
     agents: align(input.agents, files.length),
-    skills: align(input.skills, files.length + agents.length),
   }
 }
 
@@ -92,7 +89,6 @@ export function expandPromptInputPastedText(
     text: expandTrackedPastedText(input.text, ranges),
     files: input.files?.map((file) => ({ ...file, mention: shift(file.mention) })),
     agents: input.agents?.map((agent) => ({ ...agent, mention: shift(agent.mention) })),
-    skills: input.skills?.map((skill) => ({ ...skill, mention: shift(skill.mention) })),
   }
 }
 

packages/tui/src/routes/session/index.tsx

@@ -1893,7 +1893,6 @@ function UserMessage(props: { message: SessionMessageUser }) {
   const data = useData()
   const local = useLocal()
   const files = createMemo(() => props.message.files ?? [])
-  const skills = createMemo(() => props.message.skills ?? [])
   const themes = useThemes()
   const theme = useTheme("elevated")
   const mode = themes.mode
@@ -1909,7 +1908,7 @@ function UserMessage(props: { message: SessionMessageUser }) {
   }
 
   return (
-    <Show when={props.message.text.trim() || files().length || skills().length}>
+    <Show when={props.message.text.trim() || files().length}>
       <box
         border={["left"]}
         borderColor={delivery() ? theme.border.default : color()}
@@ -1954,28 +1953,6 @@ function UserMessage(props: { message: SessionMessageUser }) {
           flexShrink={0}
         >
           <text fg={theme.text.default}>{props.message.text}</text>
-          <Show when={skills().length}>
-            <box flexDirection="row" paddingTop={1} gap={1} flexWrap="wrap">
-              <For each={skills()}>
-                {(skill) => (
-                  <text fg={theme.text.default}>
-                    <span
-                      style={{
-                        bg: theme.hue.accent[mode() === "light" ? 700 : 200],
-                        fg: theme.background.default,
-                        bold: true,
-                      }}
-                    >
-                      {" skill "}
-                    </span>
-                    <span style={{ bg: theme.raise(theme.background.default), fg: theme.text.subdued }}>
-                      {` ${skill.name} `}
-                    </span>
-                  </text>
-                )}
-              </For>
-            </box>
-          </Show>
           <Show when={files().length}>
             <box flexDirection="row" paddingTop={1} gap={1} flexWrap="wrap">
               <For each={files()}>

packages/tui/test/app-lifecycle.test.tsx

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import { expect, test } from "bun:test"
+import { expect, mock, test } from "bun:test"
 import { createTestRenderer } from "@opentui/core/testing"
 import { Effect, FileSystem } from "effect"
 import { AppNodeBuilder } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/app-node-builder"
@@ -7,6 +7,8 @@ import { createEventStream, createFetch, directory, json } from "./fixture/tui-c
 
 test("SIGHUP clears title and disposes scoped resources once", async () => {
   const setup = await createTestRenderer({ width: 80, height: 24, useThread: false })
+  const core = await import("@opentui/core")
+  mock.module("@opentui/core", () => ({ ...core, createCliRenderer: async () => setup.renderer }))
   const titles: string[] = []
   let started!: () => void
   const ready = new Promise<void>((resolve) => {
@@ -30,7 +32,6 @@ test("SIGHUP clears title and disposes scoped resources once", async () => {
         server: { endpoint: { url: server.url.toString() } },
         config: { get: async () => ({}), update: async () => ({}) },
         packages: { resolve: async () => undefined },
-        terminalHandoff: async () => ({ renderer: setup.renderer, mode: "dark", complete: () => {} }),
         args: {},
         log: () => {},
       }).pipe(Effect.provide(AppNodeBuilder.build(Global.node)), Effect.provide(FileSystem.layerNoop({}))),
@@ -45,11 +46,14 @@ test("SIGHUP clears title and disposes scoped resources once", async () => {
   } finally {
     if (!setup.renderer.isDestroyed) setup.renderer.destroy()
     await server.stop()
+    mock.restore()
   }
 })
 
 test("session lifecycle updates the terminal title and prints the epilogue after cleanup", async () => {
   const setup = await createTestRenderer({ width: 80, height: 24, useThread: false })
+  const core = await import("@opentui/core")
+  mock.module("@opentui/core", () => ({ ...core, createCliRenderer: async () => setup.renderer }))
   let initialTitle!: () => void
   const initialTitleSet = new Promise<void>((resolve) => {
     initialTitle = resolve
@@ -106,7 +110,6 @@ test("session lifecycle updates the terminal title and prints the epilogue after
         server: { endpoint: { url: server.url.toString() } },
         config: { get: async () => ({}), update: async () => ({}) },
         packages: { resolve: async () => undefined },
-        terminalHandoff: async () => ({ renderer: setup.renderer, mode: "dark", complete: () => {} }),
         args: { sessionID: "dummy" },
         log: () => {},
       }).pipe(Effect.provide(AppNodeBuilder.build(Global.node)), Effect.provide(FileSystem.layerNoop({}))),
@@ -131,11 +134,14 @@ test("session lifecycle updates the terminal title and prints the epilogue after
     process.stdout.write = originalWrite
     if (!setup.renderer.isDestroyed) setup.renderer.destroy()
     await server.stop()
+    mock.restore()
   }
 })
 
 test("session title generated while an untitled session is loading remains visible", async () => {
   const setup = await createTestRenderer({ width: 80, height: 24, useThread: false })
+  const core = await import("@opentui/core")
+  mock.module("@opentui/core", () => ({ ...core, createCliRenderer: async () => setup.renderer }))
   const titles: string[] = []
   const setTitle = setup.renderer.setTerminalTitle.bind(setup.renderer)
   const generatedTitle = Promise.withResolvers<void>()
@@ -180,7 +186,6 @@ test("session title generated while an untitled session is loading remains visib
         server: { endpoint: { url: server.url.toString() } },
         config: { get: async () => ({}), update: async () => ({}) },
         packages: { resolve: async () => undefined },
-        terminalHandoff: async () => ({ renderer: setup.renderer, mode: "dark", complete: () => {} }),
         args: { sessionID: "dummy" },
         log: () => {},
       }).pipe(Effect.provide(AppNodeBuilder.build(Global.node)), Effect.provide(FileSystem.layerNoop({}))),
@@ -217,11 +222,14 @@ test("session title generated while an untitled session is loading remains visib
   } finally {
     if (!setup.renderer.isDestroyed) setup.renderer.destroy()
     await server.stop()
+    mock.restore()
   }
 })
 
 test("session startup prompt is submitted exactly once", async () => {
   const setup = await createTestRenderer({ width: 80, height: 24, useThread: false })
+  const core = await import("@opentui/core")
+  mock.module("@opentui/core", () => ({ ...core, createCliRenderer: async () => setup.renderer }))
   const events = createEventStream()
   const cwd = process.cwd()
   const location = { directory: cwd, project: { id: "project", directory: cwd } }
@@ -271,7 +279,6 @@ test("session startup prompt is submitted exactly once", async () => {
         server: { endpoint: { url: server.url.toString() } },
         config: { get: async () => ({}), update: async () => ({}) },
         packages: { resolve: async () => undefined },
-        terminalHandoff: async () => ({ renderer: setup.renderer, mode: "dark", complete: () => {} }),
         args: { sessionID: "dummy", prompt: "RESUME_READY" },
         log: () => {},
       }).pipe(Effect.provide(AppNodeBuilder.build(Global.node)), Effect.provide(FileSystem.layerNoop({}))),
@@ -292,5 +299,6 @@ test("session startup prompt is submitted exactly once", async () => {
   } finally {
     if (!setup.renderer.isDestroyed) setup.renderer.destroy()
     await server.stop()
+    mock.restore()
   }
 })

packages/tui/test/cli/tui/theme-mode.test.tsx

@@ -86,7 +86,6 @@ test.each([
   let themes: ReturnType<typeof useThemes> | undefined
   let failure: ThemeError | undefined
   let unsubscribe: (() => void) | undefined
-  const discovery = Promise.withResolvers<Record<string, unknown>>()
 
   function Probe() {
     const value = useThemes()
@@ -98,7 +97,7 @@ test.each([
   const app = await testRender(
     () => (
       <ConfigProvider config={createTuiResolvedConfig({ theme: { name: "invalid" } })}>
-        <ThemeProvider mode="dark" source={{ discover: () => discovery.promise }}>
+        <ThemeProvider mode="dark" source={{ discover: () => Promise.resolve({ invalid: source }) }}>
           <Probe />
         </ThemeProvider>
       </ConfigProvider>
@@ -106,7 +105,6 @@ test.each([
     { width: 20, height: 2 },
   )
   app.renderer.start()
-  discovery.resolve({ invalid: source })
 
   try {
     await wait(() => themes?.ready === true)

packages/tui/test/config.test.tsx

@@ -131,7 +131,6 @@ test("preserves pinned session bindings alongside tab bindings", () => {
   expect(config.keybinds.get("session.pin.toggle")).toMatchObject([{ key: "ctrl+f" }])
   expect(config.keybinds.get("session.quick_switch.1")).toMatchObject([{ key: "<leader>1" }])
   expect(config.keybinds.get("session.tab.select.1")).toMatchObject([{ key: "<leader>1,ctrl+1" }])
-  expect(config.keybinds.get("session.tab.select.10")).toMatchObject([{ key: "<leader>0,ctrl+0" }])
 })
 
 test("disables suspend and assigns ctrl+z to undo when unsupported", () => {

packages/tui/test/context/session-tabs-model.test.ts

@@ -12,27 +12,9 @@ import {
   seedSessionTabMotion,
   sessionTabComplete,
   sessionTabOverflowWidth,
-  sessionTabShortcutLabel,
 } from "../../src/context/session-tabs-model"
 
 describe("session tabs", () => {
-  test("labels direct shortcut tabs and marks unbound tabs with a dot", () => {
-    expect(Array.from({ length: 12 }, (_, index) => sessionTabShortcutLabel(index))).toEqual([
-      "1",
-      "2",
-      "3",
-      "4",
-      "5",
-      "6",
-      "7",
-      "8",
-      "9",
-      "0",
-      "·",
-      "·",
-    ])
-  })
-
   test("moves a tab to a clamped index and returns the same tabs for no-ops", () => {
     const tabs = ["a", "b", "c"].map((sessionID) => ({ sessionID }))
     expect(moveSessionTab(tabs, "a", 2).map((tab) => tab.sessionID)).toEqual(["b", "c", "a"])

packages/tui/test/mini/footer.view.test.tsx

@@ -1262,75 +1262,6 @@ test("direct footer tags skill slash submissions with their catalog source", asy
   }
 })
 
-test("direct footer submits a selected leading skill as a prompt attachment", async () => {
-  const submits: RunPrompt[] = []
-  const app = await renderFooter({
-    commands: [command({ name: "formatter", description: "Apply formatter fixes", source: "skill" })],
-    onSubmit(prompt) {
-      submits.push(prompt)
-      return true
-    },
-  })
-
-  try {
-    await app.renderOnce()
-    "/forma".split("").forEach((key) => app.mockInput.pressKey(key))
-    await app.renderOnce()
-    app.mockInput.pressEnter()
-    await app.renderOnce()
-    "src".split("").forEach((key) => app.mockInput.pressKey(key))
-    app.mockInput.pressEnter()
-    await app.renderOnce()
-
-    expect(submits).toEqual([
-      {
-        text: "/formatter src",
-        parts: [
-          {
-            type: "skill",
-            id: "formatter",
-            source: { start: 0, end: 10, value: "/formatter" },
-          },
-        ],
-        delivery: "steer",
-      },
-    ])
-  } finally {
-    app.cleanup()
-  }
-})
-
-test("direct footer preserves a selected skill after wide text", async () => {
-  const submits: RunPrompt[] = []
-  const app = await renderFooter({
-    commands: [command({ name: "formatter", description: "Apply formatter fixes", source: "skill" })],
-    onSubmit(prompt) {
-      submits.push(prompt)
-      return true
-    },
-  })
-
-  try {
-    await app.renderOnce()
-    "中 /forma".split("").forEach((key) => app.mockInput.pressKey(key))
-    await app.renderOnce()
-    app.mockInput.pressEnter()
-    await app.renderOnce()
-    app.mockInput.pressEnter()
-    await app.renderOnce()
-
-    expect(submits[0]?.parts).toEqual([
-      {
-        type: "skill",
-        id: "formatter",
-        source: { start: 3, end: 13, value: "/formatter" },
-      },
-    ])
-  } finally {
-    app.cleanup()
-  }
-})
-
 // OpenTUI currently segfaults Bun while tearing down this composer-to-skill-panel transition.
 // Re-enable after the upstream renderer teardown fix lands.
 test.skip("direct footer skill picker inserts an editable bound skill command", async () => {

packages/tui/test/mini/stream-v2.transport.test.ts

@@ -2755,7 +2755,7 @@ describe("V2 mini transport", () => {
       variant: undefined,
       prompt: {
         messageID: "msg_cmd",
-        text: "/deploy prod /api-design",
+        text: "/deploy prod",
         parts: [
           {
             type: "file",
@@ -2763,11 +2763,6 @@ describe("V2 mini transport", () => {
             filename: "mentioned.txt",
             source: { type: "file", text: { start: 8, end: 12, value: "prod" } },
           },
-          {
-            type: "skill",
-            id: "api-design",
-            source: { start: 13, end: 24, value: "/api-design" },
-          },
         ],
         command: { name: "deploy", arguments: "prod" },
       },
@@ -2790,7 +2785,6 @@ describe("V2 mini transport", () => {
           mention: { start: 8, end: 12, text: "prod" },
         },
       ],
-      skills: [{ id: "api-design", mention: { start: 13, end: 24, text: "/api-design" } }],
       delivery: "steer",
     })
     // Selection rides the command payload; no separate client-side switch.
@@ -2863,75 +2857,6 @@ describe("V2 mini transport", () => {
     await transport.close()
   })
 
-  test("sends inline skill attachments with a normal prompt", async () => {
-    const events = feed()
-    events.push(connected())
-    const client = sdk({ streams: [events] })
-    const ui = footer()
-    const transport = await createSessionTransport({
-      sdk: client,
-      sessionID: "ses_1",
-      thinking: false,
-      footer: ui.api,
-    })
-    let request: Parameters<OpenCodeClient["session"]["prompt"]>[0] | undefined
-    spyOn(client.session, "prompt").mockImplementation((input) => {
-      request = input
-      queueMicrotask(() => {
-        events.push({
-          id: "evt_prompted",
-          created: 0,
-          type: "session.input.promoted",
-          durable: durable("ses_1"),
-          data: { sessionID: "ses_1", inputID: "msg_skill_attachment" },
-        })
-        events.push({
-          id: "evt_settled",
-          created: 0,
-          type: "session.execution.succeeded",
-          durable: durable("ses_1"),
-          data: { sessionID: "ses_1" },
-        })
-      })
-      return ok({
-        id: input.id ?? "msg_skill_attachment",
-        sessionID: "ses_1",
-        type: "user" as const,
-        data: { text: input.text },
-        delivery: "steer" as const,
-        timeCreated: 2,
-      })
-    })
-
-    await transport.runPromptTurn({
-      agent: undefined,
-      model: undefined,
-      variant: undefined,
-      prompt: {
-        messageID: "msg_skill_attachment",
-        text: "Review this /api-design",
-        parts: [
-          {
-            type: "skill",
-            id: "api-design",
-            source: { start: 12, end: 23, value: "/api-design" },
-          },
-        ],
-      },
-      files: [],
-      includeFiles: false,
-    })
-
-    expect(request).toMatchObject({
-      sessionID: "ses_1",
-      id: "msg_skill_attachment",
-      text: "Review this /api-design",
-      skills: [{ id: "api-design", mention: { start: 12, end: 23, text: "/api-design" } }],
-      delivery: "steer",
-    })
-    await transport.close()
-  })
-
   test("refreshes catalogs on connection and location-scoped invalidations", async () => {
     const events = feed()
     events.push(connected())

packages/tui/test/prompt/display.test.ts

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 import { describe, expect, test } from "bun:test"
-import { displayCharAt, displaySlice, mentionTriggerIndex, slashTriggerIndex } from "../../src/prompt/display"
+import { displayCharAt, displaySlice, mentionTriggerIndex } from "../../src/prompt/display"
 
 describe("prompt display", () => {
   test("uses display-width offsets for mentions", () => {
@@ -30,14 +30,4 @@ describe("prompt display", () => {
     expect(mentionTriggerIndex("foo@bar.com")).toBeUndefined()
     expect(mentionTriggerIndex("中文 @src file")).toBeUndefined()
   })
-
-  test("finds slash attachments at token boundaries", () => {
-    expect(slashTriggerIndex("/")).toBe(0)
-    expect(slashTriggerIndex("Review this /api-design")).toBe(12)
-    expect(slashTriggerIndex("中文 /api-design")).toBe(5)
-    expect(slashTriggerIndex("Review /api design")).toBeUndefined()
-    expect(slashTriggerIndex("Review /tmp/file.ts")).toBeUndefined()
-    expect(slashTriggerIndex("https://opencode.ai/docs")).toBeUndefined()
-    expect(slashTriggerIndex("src/prompt/index.ts")).toBeUndefined()
-  })
 })

packages/util/src/cross-spawn-spawner.ts

@@ -258,7 +258,13 @@ const makeCrossSpawnSpawner = Effect.gen(function* () {
   const spawn = (command: ChildProcess.StandardCommand, opts: NodeChildProcess.SpawnOptions) =>
     Effect.callback<readonly [NodeChildProcess.ChildProcess, ExitSignal], PlatformError.PlatformError>((resume) => {
       const signal = Deferred.makeUnsafe<readonly [code: number | null, signal: NodeJS.Signals | null]>()
-      const proc = launch(command.command, command.args, opts)
+      let proc: NodeChildProcess.ChildProcess
+      try {
+        proc = launch(command.command, command.args, opts)
+      } catch (err) {
+        resume(Effect.fail(toPlatformError("spawn", toError(err), command)))
+        return Effect.void
+      }
       let end = false
       let exit: readonly [code: number | null, signal: NodeJS.Signals | null] | undefined
       proc.on("error", (err) => {

packages/www/openapi.json

@@ -1809,12 +1809,6 @@
                       "$ref": "#/components/schemas/Prompt.AgentAttachment"
                     }
                   },
-                  "skills": {
-                    "type": "array",
-                    "items": {
-                      "$ref": "#/components/schemas/PromptInput.SkillAttachment"
-                    }
-                  },
                   "metadata": {
                     "type": "object"
                   },
@@ -2023,12 +2017,6 @@
                       "$ref": "#/components/schemas/Prompt.AgentAttachment"
                     }
                   },
-                  "skills": {
-                    "type": "array",
-                    "items": {
-                      "$ref": "#/components/schemas/PromptInput.SkillAttachment"
-                    }
-                  },
                   "delivery": {
                     "anyOf": [
                       {
@@ -12853,25 +12841,6 @@
         "required": ["name"],
         "additionalProperties": false
       },
-      "Prompt.SkillAttachment": {
-        "type": "object",
-        "properties": {
-          "id": {
-            "type": "string"
-          },
-          "name": {
-            "type": "string"
-          },
-          "text": {
-            "type": "string"
-          },
-          "mention": {
-            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/Prompt.Mention"
-          }
-        },
-        "required": ["id", "name", "text"],
-        "additionalProperties": false
-      },
       "Session.Message.User": {
         "type": "object",
         "properties": {
@@ -12911,12 +12880,6 @@
               "$ref": "#/components/schemas/Prompt.AgentAttachment"
             }
           },
-          "skills": {
-            "type": "array",
-            "items": {
-              "$ref": "#/components/schemas/Prompt.SkillAttachment"
-            }
-          },
           "type": {
             "type": "string",
             "enum": ["user"]
@@ -13874,19 +13837,6 @@
         "required": ["uri"],
         "additionalProperties": false
       },
-      "PromptInput.SkillAttachment": {
-        "type": "object",
-        "properties": {
-          "id": {
-            "type": "string"
-          },
-          "mention": {
-            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/Prompt.Mention"
-          }
-        },
-        "required": ["id"],
-        "additionalProperties": false
-      },
       "SessionPending.UserData": {
         "type": "object",
         "properties": {
@@ -13905,12 +13855,6 @@
               "$ref": "#/components/schemas/Prompt.AgentAttachment"
             }
           },
-          "skills": {
-            "type": "array",
-            "items": {
-              "$ref": "#/components/schemas/Prompt.SkillAttachment"
-            }
-          },
           "metadata": {
             "type": "object"
           }
@@ -14820,12 +14764,6 @@
               "$ref": "#/components/schemas/Prompt.AgentAttachment"
             }
           },
-          "skills": {
-            "type": "array",
-            "items": {
-              "$ref": "#/components/schemas/Prompt.SkillAttachment"
-            }
-          },
           "metadata": {
             "type": "object"
           }

packages/www/public/openapi.json

@@ -1809,12 +1809,6 @@
                       "$ref": "#/components/schemas/Prompt.AgentAttachment"
                     }
                   },
-                  "skills": {
-                    "type": "array",
-                    "items": {
-                      "$ref": "#/components/schemas/PromptInput.SkillAttachment"
-                    }
-                  },
                   "metadata": {
                     "type": "object"
                   },
@@ -2023,12 +2017,6 @@
                       "$ref": "#/components/schemas/Prompt.AgentAttachment"
                     }
                   },
-                  "skills": {
-                    "type": "array",
-                    "items": {
-                      "$ref": "#/components/schemas/PromptInput.SkillAttachment"
-                    }
-                  },
                   "delivery": {
                     "anyOf": [
                       {
@@ -12853,25 +12841,6 @@
         "required": ["name"],
         "additionalProperties": false
       },
-      "Prompt.SkillAttachment": {
-        "type": "object",
-        "properties": {
-          "id": {
-            "type": "string"
-          },
-          "name": {
-            "type": "string"
-          },
-          "text": {
-            "type": "string"
-          },
-          "mention": {
-            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/Prompt.Mention"
-          }
-        },
-        "required": ["id", "name", "text"],
-        "additionalProperties": false
-      },
       "Session.Message.User": {
         "type": "object",
         "properties": {
@@ -12911,12 +12880,6 @@
               "$ref": "#/components/schemas/Prompt.AgentAttachment"
             }
           },
-          "skills": {
-            "type": "array",
-            "items": {
-              "$ref": "#/components/schemas/Prompt.SkillAttachment"
-            }
-          },
           "type": {
             "type": "string",
             "enum": ["user"]
@@ -13874,19 +13837,6 @@
         "required": ["uri"],
         "additionalProperties": false
       },
-      "PromptInput.SkillAttachment": {
-        "type": "object",
-        "properties": {
-          "id": {
-            "type": "string"
-          },
-          "mention": {
-            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/Prompt.Mention"
-          }
-        },
-        "required": ["id"],
-        "additionalProperties": false
-      },
       "SessionPending.UserData": {
         "type": "object",
         "properties": {
@@ -13905,12 +13855,6 @@
               "$ref": "#/components/schemas/Prompt.AgentAttachment"
             }
           },
-          "skills": {
-            "type": "array",
-            "items": {
-              "$ref": "#/components/schemas/Prompt.SkillAttachment"
-            }
-          },
           "metadata": {
             "type": "object"
           }
@@ -14820,12 +14764,6 @@
               "$ref": "#/components/schemas/Prompt.AgentAttachment"
             }
           },
-          "skills": {
-            "type": "array",
-            "items": {
-              "$ref": "#/components/schemas/Prompt.SkillAttachment"
-            }
-          },
           "metadata": {
             "type": "object"
           }