fix(ai): ignore orphan response deltas

fix: stream Bun runtime downloads to disk to avoid Bun.write GC hang (#44572 )
fix(ai): clamp prompt_cache_key to 64 chars for all chat protocols (#44571 )
2026-08-23 22:23:18 -04:00 · 2026-08-23 20:42:17 -05:00 · 2026-08-24 11:22:42 +10:00 · 2026-08-23 20:21:15 -05:00 · 2026-08-23 20:19:14 -05:00 · 2026-08-23 20:05:30 -05:00
145 changed files with 4831 additions and 1932 deletions
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+---
+"@opencode-ai/client": patch
+"@opencode-ai/plugin": patch
+---
+
+Add form reply and cancellation operations that reconcile terminal forms in the local TUI projection.
@@ -84,6 +84,11 @@ jobs:
        env:
          OPENCODE_EXPERIMENTAL_DISABLE_FILEWATCHER: ${{ runner.os == 'Windows' && 'true' || 'false' }}

+      - name: Verify published codemode package
+        if: runner.os == 'Linux'
+        working-directory: packages/codemode
+        run: bun run script/publish.ts --dry-run
+
      - name: Verify compiled service lifecycle
        if: always()
        timeout-minutes: 10
@@ -54,12 +54,12 @@
      "name": "@opencode-ai/app",
      "version": "1.18.15",
      "dependencies": {
-        "@ibm/plex": "6.4.1",
        "@corvu/drawer": "catalog:",
        "@dnd-kit/abstract": "0.5.0",
        "@dnd-kit/dom": "0.5.0",
        "@dnd-kit/helpers": "0.5.0",
        "@dnd-kit/solid": "0.5.0",
+        "@ibm/plex": "6.4.1",
        "@kobalte/core": "catalog:",
        "@opencode-ai/client": "workspace:*",
        "@opencode-ai/schema": "workspace:*",
@@ -191,7 +191,7 @@
        "solid-js": "catalog:",
      },
      "peerDependencies": {
-        "effect": "4.0.0-rc.110",
+        "effect": "4.0.0-rc.111",
        "solid-js": ">=1.9.0",
      },
      "optionalPeers": [
@@ -525,7 +525,7 @@
      "name": "@opencode-ai/http-recorder",
      "version": "1.18.15",
      "dependencies": {
-        "@effect/platform-node-shared": "4.0.0-rc.110",
+        "@effect/platform-node-shared": "4.0.0-rc.111",
      },
      "devDependencies": {
        "@effect/platform-node": "catalog:",
@@ -671,6 +671,7 @@
        "effect": "catalog:",
      },
      "devDependencies": {
+        "@opencode-ai/ai": "workspace:*",
        "@opencode-ai/httpapi-codegen": "workspace:*",
        "@opencode-ai/protocol": "workspace:*",
        "@tsconfig/bun": "catalog:",
@@ -1078,10 +1079,10 @@
  "catalog": {
    "@cloudflare/workers-types": "4.20251008.0",
    "@corvu/drawer": "0.2.4",
-    "@effect/opentelemetry": "4.0.0-rc.110",
-    "@effect/platform-node": "4.0.0-rc.110",
-    "@effect/platform-node-shared": "4.0.0-rc.110",
-    "@effect/sql-sqlite-bun": "4.0.0-rc.110",
+    "@effect/opentelemetry": "4.0.0-rc.111",
+    "@effect/platform-node": "4.0.0-rc.111",
+    "@effect/platform-node-shared": "4.0.0-rc.111",
+    "@effect/sql-sqlite-bun": "4.0.0-rc.111",
    "@hono/standard-validator": "0.2.0",
    "@hono/zod-validator": "0.4.2",
    "@kobalte/core": "0.13.11",
@@ -1118,7 +1119,7 @@
    "dompurify": "3.3.1",
    "drizzle-kit": "1.0.0-rc.2",
    "drizzle-orm": "1.0.0-rc.2",
-    "effect": "4.0.0-rc.110",
+    "effect": "4.0.0-rc.111",
    "fuzzysort": "3.1.0",
    "get-east-asian-width": "1.6.0",
    "hono": "4.10.7",
@@ -1685,13 +1686,13 @@

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+    "@effect/opentelemetry": ["@effect/opentelemetry@4.0.0-rc.111", "", { "peerDependencies": { "@opentelemetry/api": ">=1.9.0 <2.0.0", "@opentelemetry/api-logs": ">=0.203.0 <0.300.0", "@opentelemetry/resources": ">=2.0.0 <3.0.0", "@opentelemetry/sdk-logs": ">=0.203.0 <0.300.0", "@opentelemetry/sdk-metrics": ">=2.0.0 <3.0.0", "@opentelemetry/sdk-trace-base": ">=2.0.0 <3.0.0", "@opentelemetry/sdk-trace-node": ">=2.0.0 <3.0.0", "@opentelemetry/sdk-trace-web": ">=2.0.0 <3.0.0", "@opentelemetry/semantic-conventions": ">=1.33.0 <2.0.0", "effect": "^4.0.0-rc.111" }, "optionalPeers": ["@opentelemetry/api", "@opentelemetry/api-logs", "@opentelemetry/resources", "@opentelemetry/sdk-logs", "@opentelemetry/sdk-metrics", "@opentelemetry/sdk-trace-base", "@opentelemetry/sdk-trace-node", "@opentelemetry/sdk-trace-web"] }, "sha512-bztAYpWoipn/a4tFjECMNvtWLkf2TS+Qn23PBI+f4q5DP9cBKfV00uhX8cwEVcfAtZd+lflSbGURHa4xlSewOA=="],

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-    "@effect/sql-sqlite-bun": ["@effect/sql-sqlite-bun@4.0.0-rc.110", "", { "peerDependencies": { "effect": "^4.0.0-rc.110" } }, "sha512-Lam3gY1xszjQS/cebdLbWbtR21FtQI4ke7QHqbBQ6AyVJF0CGUtS/ePL9zNq6wHNmJ95FUDGS6W+Qx/l6RPSzA=="],
+    "@effect/sql-sqlite-bun": ["@effect/sql-sqlite-bun@4.0.0-rc.111", "", { "peerDependencies": { "effect": "^4.0.0-rc.111" } }, "sha512-u5HqWLYISTH5ydsCr45nOGmkspmAeNzK4q+plMrJntDoG8sQttwizC4akGfbQDgoSxyYfyBzi3YyVW/NvhvSQQ=="],

    "@electron/asar": ["@electron/asar@3.4.1", "", { "dependencies": { "commander": "^5.0.0", "glob": "^7.1.6", "minimatch": "^3.0.4" }, "bin": { "asar": "bin/asar.js" } }, "sha512-i4/rNPRS84t0vSRa2HorerGRXWyF4vThfHesw0dmcWHp+cspK743UanA0suA5Q5y8kzY2y6YKrvbIUn69BCAiA=="],

@@ -3217,12 +3218,6 @@

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-    "@vercel/cli-config": ["@vercel/cli-config@0.2.3", "", { "dependencies": { "xdg-app-paths": "5", "zod": "4.1.11" } }, "sha512-Ggh0Wmi92TUkUexmSUPkkDtvJmbjUr7IvF5T3FkSsWrXXs3GFzOujfxFpECdJZpux1JG4SWDv9BT4w++TDgD6A=="],
-
-    "@vercel/cli-exec": ["@vercel/cli-exec@1.0.1", "", { "dependencies": { "execa": "5.1.1" } }, "sha512-g9XerViJ/paZujufXYcu5XYI2vU2rtB4sgdpjUHde5RnOkdmpu0ngH46LCFGHoPXO/C+qDPSczIHIRN+8Q2YKQ=="],
-
-    "@vercel/functions": ["@vercel/functions@3.9.3", "", { "dependencies": { "@vercel/oidc": "3.8.4" }, "peerDependencies": { "@aws-sdk/credential-provider-web-identity": "*", "ws": ">=8" }, "optionalPeers": ["@aws-sdk/credential-provider-web-identity", "ws"] }, "sha512-cbzTdASCZDnufrABc8oO00e/FqlqFFSdld+iGZPhrWBDHP4Pu8ESKKYIzASqYvbYYUIWujBvEa5LLCcZzm7WEw=="],
-
    "@vercel/oidc": ["@vercel/oidc@3.2.0", "", {}, "sha512-UycprH3T6n3jH0k44NHMa7pnFHGu/N05MjojYr+Mc6I7obkoLIJujSWwin1pCvdy/eOxrI/l3uDLQsmcrOb4ug=="],

    "@vitejs/plugin-react": ["@vitejs/plugin-react@4.7.0", "", { "dependencies": { "@babel/core": "^7.28.0", "@babel/plugin-transform-react-jsx-self": "^7.27.1", "@babel/plugin-transform-react-jsx-source": "^7.27.1", "@rolldown/pluginutils": "1.0.0-beta.27", "@types/babel__core": "^7.20.5", "react-refresh": "^0.17.0" }, "peerDependencies": { "vite": "^4.2.0 || ^5.0.0 || ^6.0.0 || ^7.0.0" } }, "sha512-gUu9hwfWvvEDBBmgtAowQCojwZmJ5mcLn3aufeCsitijs3+f2NsrPtlAWIR6OPiqljl96GVCUbLe0HyqIpVaoA=="],
@@ -3853,7 +3848,7 @@

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-    "effect": ["effect@4.0.0-rc.110", "", { "dependencies": { "@standard-schema/spec": "^1.1.0", "fast-check": "^4.9.0", "msgpackr": "^2.0.4" } }, "sha512-ega6FTJ8CS2of7tHZiADvgyJyV999Q6tZ9juE56V81O0jw6flRwydaPNtyfvP2a5LL9PZrse8A1jnNUD5sWVHg=="],
+    "effect": ["effect@4.0.0-rc.111", "", { "dependencies": { "@standard-schema/spec": "^1.1.0", "fast-check": "^4.9.0", "msgpackr": "^2.0.5" } }, "sha512-ASd5L58EIR0CUNueZNKKjSsyOCd+2alxOAIaTcHaqkJkPsaYSsw5Cg/cfANk5K4Jr2YsX756xvX11shzqsreWA=="],

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@@ -3981,8 +3976,6 @@

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-    "execa": ["execa@5.1.1", "", { "dependencies": { "cross-spawn": "^7.0.3", "get-stream": "^6.0.0", "human-signals": "^2.1.0", "is-stream": "^2.0.0", "merge-stream": "^2.0.0", "npm-run-path": "^4.0.1", "onetime": "^5.1.2", "signal-exit": "^3.0.3", "strip-final-newline": "^2.0.0" } }, "sha512-8uSpZZocAZRBAPIEINJj3Lo9HyGitllczc27Eh5YYojjMFMn8yHMDMaUHE2Jqfq05D/wucwI4JGURyXt1vchyg=="],
-
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@@ -4257,8 +4250,6 @@

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-    "human-signals": ["human-signals@2.1.0", "", {}, "sha512-B4FFZ6q/T2jhhksgkbEW3HBvWIfDW85snkQgawt07S7J5QXTk6BkNV+0yAeZrM5QpMAdYlocGoljn0sJ/WQkFw=="],
-
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@@ -4623,8 +4614,6 @@

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-
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@@ -4709,8 +4698,6 @@

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-
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-
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@@ -4869,8 +4852,6 @@

    "opentui-spinner": ["opentui-spinner@0.0.7", "", { "dependencies": { "cli-spinners": "^3.3.0" }, "peerDependencies": { "@opentui/core": "^0.3.4", "@opentui/react": "^0.3.4", "@opentui/solid": "^0.3.4", "typescript": "^5" }, "optionalPeers": ["@opentui/react", "@opentui/solid"] }, "sha512-nPzwAvJG+y9rVEwwHLHqbsMzLnIk2zw+F9LqwA7aYJvpM5gsrKC2rrGi36A+tZpA+1RnWxXeWEgVZMchnaH18Q=="],

-    "os-paths": ["os-paths@4.4.0", "", {}, "sha512-wrAwOeXp1RRMFfQY8Sy7VaGVmPocaLwSFOYCGKSyo8qmJ+/yaafCl5BCA1IQZWqFSRBrKDYFeR9d/VyQzfH/jg=="],
-
    "own-keys": ["own-keys@1.0.2", "", { "dependencies": { "call-bound": "^1.0.4", "get-intrinsic": "^1.3.0", "object-keys": "^1.1.1", "safe-push-apply": "^1.0.0" } }, "sha512-19YVAg7T+WTrxggPukVq7DjTv6+PJ867TmhCvBsYwmbFCsZd344rq2Ld1p0wo8f8Qrrhgp82c6FJRqdXWtSEhg=="],

    "oxc-minify": ["oxc-minify@0.96.0", "", { "optionalDependencies": { "@oxc-minify/binding-android-arm64": "0.96.0", "@oxc-minify/binding-darwin-arm64": "0.96.0", "@oxc-minify/binding-darwin-x64": "0.96.0", "@oxc-minify/binding-freebsd-x64": "0.96.0", "@oxc-minify/binding-linux-arm-gnueabihf": "0.96.0", "@oxc-minify/binding-linux-arm-musleabihf": "0.96.0", "@oxc-minify/binding-linux-arm64-gnu": "0.96.0", "@oxc-minify/binding-linux-arm64-musl": "0.96.0", "@oxc-minify/binding-linux-riscv64-gnu": "0.96.0", "@oxc-minify/binding-linux-s390x-gnu": "0.96.0", "@oxc-minify/binding-linux-x64-gnu": "0.96.0", "@oxc-minify/binding-linux-x64-musl": "0.96.0", "@oxc-minify/binding-wasm32-wasi": "0.96.0", "@oxc-minify/binding-win32-arm64-msvc": "0.96.0", "@oxc-minify/binding-win32-x64-msvc": "0.96.0" } }, "sha512-dXeeGrfPJJ4rMdw+NrqiCRtbzVX2ogq//R0Xns08zql2HjV3Zi2SBJ65saqfDaJzd2bcHqvGWH+M44EQCHPAcA=="],
@@ -5453,8 +5434,6 @@

    "strip-comments": ["strip-comments@2.0.1", "", {}, "sha512-ZprKx+bBLXv067WTCALv8SSz5l2+XhpYCsVtSqlMnkAXMWDq+/ekVbl1ghqP9rUHTzv6sm/DwCOiYutU/yp1fw=="],

-    "strip-final-newline": ["strip-final-newline@2.0.0", "", {}, "sha512-BrpvfNAE3dcvq7ll3xVumzjKjZQ5tI1sEUIKr3Uoks0XUl45St3FlatVqef9prk4jRDzhW6WZg+3bk93y6pLjA=="],
-
    "strip-indent": ["strip-indent@3.0.0", "", { "dependencies": { "min-indent": "^1.0.0" } }, "sha512-laJTa3Jb+VQpaC6DseHhF7dXVqHTfJPCRDaEbid/drOhgitgYku/letMUqOXFoWV0zIIUbjpdH2t+tYj4bQMRQ=="],

    "stripe": ["stripe@18.0.0", "", { "dependencies": { "@types/node": ">=8.1.0", "qs": "^6.11.0" } }, "sha512-3Fs33IzKUby//9kCkCa1uRpinAoTvj6rJgQ2jrBEysoxEvfsclvXdna1amyEYbA2EKkjynuB4+L/kleCCaWTpA=="],
@@ -5847,10 +5826,6 @@

    "wsl-utils": ["wsl-utils@0.1.0", "", { "dependencies": { "is-wsl": "^3.1.0" } }, "sha512-h3Fbisa2nKGPxCpm89Hk33lBLsnaGBvctQopaBSOW/uIs6FTe1ATyAnKFJrzVs9vpGdsTe73WF3V4lIsk4Gacw=="],

-    "xdg-app-paths": ["xdg-app-paths@5.5.1", "", { "dependencies": { "os-paths": "^4.0.1", "xdg-portable": "^7.2.0" } }, "sha512-hI3flOB4PLZIy5prbtTpirobtPE2ZtZ52szO+2mM9Efp6ErM398La+C1lIpNWDfNoQk+6Lsi6nMcCwVB7pxeMQ=="],
-
-    "xdg-portable": ["xdg-portable@7.3.0", "", { "dependencies": { "os-paths": "^4.0.1" } }, "sha512-sqMMuL1rc0FmMBOzCpd0yuy9trqF2yTTVe+E9ogwCSWQCdDEtQUwrZPT6AxqtsFGRNxycgncbP/xmOOSPw5ZUw=="],
-
    "xml-naming": ["xml-naming@0.3.0", "", {}, "sha512-ghig2TBE/H11aOVgmahA3MhimvkBr6JIYknH/Dhdk10nXwdbIqBJsbfMxpvFPG8bAw77gN29aQWvKpmVoPlvPQ=="],

    "xml2js": ["xml2js@0.5.0", "", { "dependencies": { "sax": ">=0.6.0", "xmlbuilder": "~11.0.0" } }, "sha512-drPFnkQJik/O+uPKpqSgr22mpuFHqKdbS835iAQrUC73L2F5WkboIRd63ai/2Yg6I1jzifPFKH2NTK+cfglkIA=="],
@@ -6173,6 +6148,8 @@

    "@dot/log/chalk": ["chalk@4.1.2", "", { "dependencies": { "ansi-styles": "^4.1.0", "supports-color": "^7.1.0" } }, "sha512-oKnbhFyRIXpUuez8iBMmyEa4nbj4IOQyuhc/wy9kY7/WVPcwIO9VA668Pu8RkO7+0G76SLROeyw9CpQ061i4mA=="],

+    "@effect/platform-node-shared/ws": ["ws@8.21.3", "", { "peerDependencies": { "bufferutil": "^4.0.1", "utf-8-validate": ">=5.0.2" }, "optionalPeers": ["bufferutil", "utf-8-validate"] }, "sha512-201TZ/kPWxoPr/OKWjquZR1SWKXcvxdH+e1xrx89b3YbmzLMFCLfnaG1HFIgWzJOEWZ7MvpK++odZufgYR50Rw=="],
+
    "@electron/asar/commander": ["commander@5.1.0", "", {}, "sha512-P0CysNDQ7rtVw4QIQtm+MRxV66vKFSvlsQvGYXZWR3qFU0jlMKHZZZgw8e+8DSah4UDKMqnknRDQz+xuQXQ/Zg=="],

    "@electron/asar/glob": ["glob@7.2.3", "", { "dependencies": { "fs.realpath": "^1.0.0", "inflight": "^1.0.4", "inherits": "2", "minimatch": "^3.1.1", "once": "^1.3.0", "path-is-absolute": "^1.0.0" } }, "sha512-nFR0zLpU2YCaRxwoCJvL6UvCH2JFyFVIvwTLsIf21AuHlMskA1hhTdk+LlYJtOlYt9v6dvszD2BGRqBL+iQK9Q=="],
@@ -6421,10 +6398,6 @@

    "@testing-library/dom/dom-accessibility-api": ["dom-accessibility-api@0.5.16", "", {}, "sha512-X7BJ2yElsnOJ30pZF4uIIDfBEVgF4XEBxL9Bxhy6dnrm5hkzqmsWHGTiHqRiITNhMyFLyAiWndIJP7Z1NTteDg=="],

-    "@vercel/cli-config/zod": ["zod@4.1.11", "", {}, "sha512-WPsqwxITS2tzx1bzhIKsEs19ABD5vmCVa4xBo2tq/SrV4RNZtfws1EnCWQXM6yh8bD08a1idvkB5MZSBiZsjwg=="],
-
-    "@vercel/functions/@vercel/oidc": ["@vercel/oidc@3.8.4", "", { "dependencies": { "@vercel/cli-config": "0.2.3", "@vercel/cli-exec": "1.0.1", "jose": "^5.9.6" } }, "sha512-FGNvVZ5pgX9FaBqkPt6VkYFZ6bWAMDzYi7nxW+1Xt+Z4fn5PuTULVwsxjKc+0uKhysyWBQmvsmM50Oh6C2/oMA=="],
-
    "@vitejs/plugin-react/@rolldown/pluginutils": ["@rolldown/pluginutils@1.0.0-beta.27", "", {}, "sha512-+d0F4MKMCbeVUJwG96uQ4SgAznZNSq93I3V+9NHA4OpvqG8mRCpGdKmK8l/dl02h2CCDHwW2FqilnTyDcAnqjA=="],

    "@vitejs/plugin-react/vite": ["vite@7.1.11", "", { "dependencies": { "esbuild": "^0.25.0", "fdir": "^6.5.0", "picomatch": "^4.0.3", "postcss": "^8.5.6", "rollup": "^4.43.0", "tinyglobby": "^0.2.15" }, "optionalDependencies": { "fsevents": "~2.3.3" }, "peerDependencies": { "@types/node": "^20.19.0 || >=22.12.0", "jiti": ">=1.21.0", "less": "^4.0.0", "lightningcss": "^1.21.0", "sass": "^1.70.0", "sass-embedded": "^1.70.0", "stylus": ">=0.54.8", "sugarss": "^5.0.0", "terser": "^5.16.0", "tsx": "^4.8.1", "yaml": "^2.4.2" }, "optionalPeers": ["@types/node", "jiti", "less", "lightningcss", "sass", "sass-embedded", "stylus", "sugarss", "terser", "tsx", "yaml"], "bin": { "vite": "bin/vite.js" } }, "sha512-uzcxnSDVjAopEUjljkWh8EIrg6tlzrjFUfMcR1EVsRDGwf/ccef0qQPRyOrROwhrTDaApueq+ja+KLPlzR/zdg=="],
@@ -6563,10 +6536,6 @@

    "esbuild-plugin-copy/chokidar": ["chokidar@3.6.0", "", { "dependencies": { "anymatch": "~3.1.2", "braces": "~3.0.2", "glob-parent": "~5.1.2", "is-binary-path": "~2.1.0", "is-glob": "~4.0.1", "normalize-path": "~3.0.0", "readdirp": "~3.6.0" }, "optionalDependencies": { "fsevents": "~2.3.2" } }, "sha512-7VT13fmjotKpGipCW9JEQAusEPE+Ei8nl6/g4FBAmIm0GOOLMua9NDDo/DWp0ZAxCr3cPq5ZpBqmPAQgDda2Pw=="],

-    "execa/get-stream": ["get-stream@6.0.1", "", {}, "sha512-ts6Wi+2j3jQjqi70w5AlN8DFnkSwC+MqmxEzdEALB2qXZYV3X/b1CTfgPLGJNMeAWxdPfU8FO1ms3NUfaHCPYg=="],
-
-    "execa/signal-exit": ["signal-exit@3.0.7", "", {}, "sha512-wnD2ZE+l+SPC/uoS0vXeE9L1+0wuaMqKlfz9AMUo38JsyLSBWSFcHR1Rri62LZc12vLr1gb3jl7iwQhgwpAbGQ=="],
-
    "express/cookie": ["cookie@0.7.2", "", {}, "sha512-yki5XnKuf750l50uGTllt6kKILY4nQ1eNIQatoXEByZ5dWgnKqbnqmTrBE5B4N7lrMJKQ2ytWMiTO2o0v6Ew/w=="],

    "fetch-blob/web-streams-polyfill": ["web-streams-polyfill@3.3.3", "", {}, "sha512-d2JWLCivmZYTSIoge9MsgFCZrt571BikcWGYkjC1khllbTeDlGqZ2D8vD8E/lJa8WGWbb7Plm8/XJYV7IJHZZw=="],
@@ -7323,8 +7292,6 @@

    "@tailwindcss/node/lightningcss/lightningcss-win32-x64-msvc": ["lightningcss-win32-x64-msvc@1.32.0", "", { "os": "win32", "cpu": "x64" }, "sha512-Amq9B/SoZYdDi1kFrojnoqPLxYhQ4Wo5XiL8EVJrVsB8ARoC1PWW6VGtT0WKCemjy8aC+louJnjS7U18x3b06Q=="],

-    "@vercel/functions/@vercel/oidc/jose": ["jose@5.9.6", "", {}, "sha512-AMlnetc9+CV9asI19zHmrgS/WYsWUwCn2R7RzlbJWD7F9eWYUTGyBmU9o6PxngtLGOiDGPRu+Uc4fhKzbpteZQ=="],
-
    "@vitest/expect/@vitest/utils/@vitest/pretty-format": ["@vitest/pretty-format@3.2.4", "", { "dependencies": { "tinyrainbow": "^2.0.0" } }, "sha512-IVNZik8IVRJRTr9fxlitMKeJeXFFFN0JaB9PHPGQ8NKQbGpfjlTx9zO4RefN8gp7eqjNy8nyK3NZmBzOPeIxtA=="],

    "ai-gateway-provider/@ai-sdk/openai/@ai-sdk/provider": ["@ai-sdk/provider@3.0.14", "", { "dependencies": { "json-schema": "^0.4.0" } }, "sha512-5X1k57JBJ4H7H1QjX7CnJYAB1I19r/trVZTMcSms7/kLNZ8RaU4Nt2agcwZzv82Hfx6Q7/TOLU7agAKeFfc8cA=="],
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 {
  "nodeModules": {
-    "x86_64-linux": "sha256-P8AZ2THuXiET4hiSYTwGGdTgbm2l3XGZGJxQwg6lusE=",
-    "aarch64-linux": "sha256-73LxDeDPQspY4Bn/gbGU43j/k7gBZ5ywMMpUjDl3elg=",
-    "aarch64-darwin": "sha256-sc9YyTAFlbWxlFb9vwFYLs6IYd3SRoju9mQufzeQdd8=",
-    "x86_64-darwin": "sha256-nnk637DELjzGB3t9aLDYbHz5h3Dd3nvWcWGdaQk8yPM="
+    "x86_64-linux": "sha256-E3dQhs7RzvHbL/KuonL2FidYP9e3u4AWP38BdcblO/g=",
+    "aarch64-linux": "sha256-6sYZsr7bK0ERODL6GA+9PrJgkUPMlJdymr0ZtCvf4Po=",
+    "aarch64-darwin": "sha256-jQdZ1a9DM7mVM1/Y3cMqGzx/o/ebAzj5UqmIzLP6+rQ=",
+    "x86_64-darwin": "sha256-A/IGsRQmCNSxHPGgoAfUXJNKHtC+vOdVKLTZrGOJqnM="
  }
 }
@@ -39,10 +39,10 @@
      "packages/stats/*"
    ],
    "catalog": {
-      "@effect/opentelemetry": "4.0.0-rc.110",
-      "@effect/platform-node": "4.0.0-rc.110",
-      "@effect/platform-node-shared": "4.0.0-rc.110",
-      "@effect/sql-sqlite-bun": "4.0.0-rc.110",
+      "@effect/opentelemetry": "4.0.0-rc.111",
+      "@effect/platform-node": "4.0.0-rc.111",
+      "@effect/platform-node-shared": "4.0.0-rc.111",
+      "@effect/sql-sqlite-bun": "4.0.0-rc.111",
      "@npmcli/arborist": "9.4.0",
      "@types/bun": "1.3.13",
      "@types/cross-spawn": "6.0.6",
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@
      "dompurify": "3.3.1",
      "drizzle-kit": "1.0.0-rc.2",
      "drizzle-orm": "1.0.0-rc.2",
-      "effect": "4.0.0-rc.110",
+      "effect": "4.0.0-rc.111",
      "ai": "6.0.168",
      "cross-spawn": "7.0.6",
      "hono": "4.10.7",
@@ -213,7 +213,7 @@ Errors must be expressed as `ToolFailure`. The runtime catches it and emits a `t
 - Input failed the `parameters` Schema.
 - The handler returned a `ToolFailure`.

-Provider-defined / hosted tools (Anthropic `web_search` / `code_execution` / `web_fetch`, OpenAI Responses `web_search_call` / `file_search_call` / `code_interpreter_call` / `mcp_call` / `local_shell_call` / `image_generation_call` / `computer_use_call`) pass through the runtime untouched:
+Provider-defined / hosted tools (Anthropic `web_search` / `code_execution` / `web_fetch`, OpenAI Responses `web_search_call` / `file_search_call` / `code_interpreter_call` / `mcp_call` / `image_generation_call` / `computer_use_call`) pass through the runtime untouched:

 - Routes surface the model's call as a `tool-call` event with `providerExecuted: true`, and the provider's result as a matching `tool-result` event with `providerExecuted: true`.
 - Callers detect `providerExecuted` on `tool-call` and **skip local dispatch** — no handler is invoked and no `tool-error` is raised for "unknown tool". The provider already executed it.
@@ -41,6 +41,7 @@ const SSE_EVENTS = new Set([
  "content_block_start",
  "content_block_delta",
  "content_block_stop",
+  "ping",
  "error",
 ])
 export const framing = Framing.sseEvents(SSE_EVENTS)
@@ -53,7 +54,7 @@ export type ThinkingInput =
  | {
      readonly type: "disabled"
    }
-  | ({ readonly type: "enabled" } & (
+  | ({ readonly type: "enabled"; readonly display?: "summarized" | "omitted" } & (
      | { readonly budgetTokens: number; readonly budget_tokens?: number }
      | { readonly budgetTokens?: number; readonly budget_tokens: number }
    ))
@@ -212,6 +213,7 @@ const AnthropicThinking = Schema.Union([
  Schema.Struct({
    type: Schema.tag("enabled"),
    budget_tokens: Schema.Number,
+    display: Schema.optional(Schema.Literals(["summarized", "omitted"])),
  }),
  Schema.Struct({
    type: Schema.tag("adaptive"),
@@ -614,15 +616,12 @@ const resolveOptions = Effect.fn("AnthropicMessages.resolveOptions")(function* (

 const resolveThinking = Effect.fn("AnthropicMessages.resolveThinking")(function* (input: unknown) {
  if (!ProviderShared.isRecord(input)) return undefined
-  if (input.type === "adaptive") {
-    const display =
-      input.display === "summarized"
-        ? ("summarized" as const)
-        : input.display === "omitted"
-          ? ("omitted" as const)
-          : undefined
+  const display =
+    input.display === "summarized" || input.display === "omitted"
+      ? (input.display as "summarized" | "omitted")
+      : undefined
+  if (input.type === "adaptive")
    return { type: "adaptive" as const, ...(display === undefined ? {} : { display }) }
-  }
  if (input.type === "disabled") return { type: "disabled" as const }
  if (input.type !== "enabled") return undefined
  const budget =
@@ -633,7 +632,7 @@ const resolveThinking = Effect.fn("AnthropicMessages.resolveThinking")(function*
        : undefined
  if (budget === undefined)
    return yield* ProviderShared.invalidRequest("Anthropic thinking provider option requires budgetTokens")
-  return { type: "enabled" as const, budget_tokens: budget }
+  return { type: "enabled" as const, budget_tokens: budget, ...(display === undefined ? {} : { display }) }
 })

 const fromRequest = Effect.fn("AnthropicMessages.fromRequest")(function* (request: LLMRequest) {
@@ -1004,11 +1003,13 @@ const providerErrorMessage = (event: AnthropicEvent): string => {
 }

 const onError = (event: AnthropicEvent) =>
-  new AIError({
-    module: ADAPTER,
-    method: "stream",
-    reason: classifyProviderFailure({ message: providerErrorMessage(event), code: event.error?.type }),
-  })
+  Effect.fail(
+    new AIError({
+      module: ADAPTER,
+      method: "stream",
+      reason: classifyProviderFailure({ message: providerErrorMessage(event), code: event.error?.type }),
+    }),
+  )

 const step = (state: ParserState, event: AnthropicEvent) => {
  if (event.type === "message_start") return Effect.succeed(onMessageStart(state, event))
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ import {
  type ToolCallPart,
  type ToolDefinition,
 } from "../schema/index.js"
-import { JsonObject, optionalArray, ProviderShared } from "./shared.js"
+import { JsonObject, optionalArray, optionalNull, ProviderShared } from "./shared.js"
 import { GeminiToolSchema } from "./utils/gemini-tool-schema.js"
 import { Lifecycle } from "./utils/lifecycle.js"
 import { ToolSchemaProjection } from "./utils/tool-schema.js"
@@ -41,6 +41,13 @@ const requiresThoughtSignatureFallback = (modelID: string) => {
 // so their tool-result attachments lower as a separate user turn instead.
 const routesLegacyToolMedia = (modelID: string) => /gemini-2[.-]5(?:[.-]|$)/i.test(modelID)

+// Blacklist: Gemini 1.x/2.x ignore or reject explicit function call ids.
+// Every other model id (Gemini 3+, gemma, anything unrecognized) gets them.
+const omitsFunctionCallIds = (modelID: string) => {
+  const match = /^gemini(?:-live)?-(\d+)/i.exec(modelID)
+  return match !== null && Number(match[1]) < 3
+}
+
 export interface OptionsInput {
  readonly [key: string]: unknown
  readonly cachedContent?: string
@@ -75,10 +82,15 @@ export type ProviderOptionsInput = OptionsInput
 // =============================================================================
 // Request Body Schema
 // =============================================================================
+// Gemini is known to send explicit `null` for optional streaming fields
+// (usage counts, flags, whole subtrees), so every response-side optional uses
+// `optionalNull` instead of bare `Schema.optional`. The same part/content
+// schemas lower the outbound request body; encoding drops `undefined` keys,
+// so the shared schemas stay safe there.
 const GeminiTextPart = Schema.Struct({
  text: Schema.String,
-  thought: Schema.optional(Schema.Boolean),
-  thoughtSignature: Schema.optional(Schema.String),
+  thought: optionalNull(Schema.Boolean),
+  thoughtSignature: optionalNull(Schema.String),
 })

 const GeminiInlineDataPart = Schema.Struct({
@@ -91,11 +103,11 @@ type GeminiInlineDataPart = Schema.Schema.Type<typeof GeminiInlineDataPart>

 const GeminiFunctionCallPart = Schema.Struct({
  functionCall: Schema.Struct({
-    id: Schema.optional(Schema.String),
+    id: optionalNull(Schema.String),
    name: Schema.String,
    args: Schema.optional(Schema.Unknown),
  }),
-  thoughtSignature: Schema.optional(Schema.String),
+  thoughtSignature: optionalNull(Schema.String),
 })

 const GeminiFunctionResponsePart = Schema.Struct({
@@ -115,8 +127,8 @@ const GeminiContentPart = Schema.Union([
 ])

 const GeminiContent = Schema.Struct({
-  role: Schema.Literals(["user", "model"]),
-  parts: Schema.Array(GeminiContentPart),
+  role: optionalNull(Schema.Literals(["user", "model"])),
+  parts: optionalNull(Schema.Array(GeminiContentPart)),
 })
 type GeminiContent = Schema.Schema.Type<typeof GeminiContent>

@@ -179,33 +191,33 @@ const GeminiBody = Schema.Struct(GeminiBodyFields)
 export type GeminiBody = Schema.Schema.Type<typeof GeminiBody>

 const GeminiUsage = Schema.Struct({
-  cachedContentTokenCount: Schema.optional(Schema.Number),
-  thoughtsTokenCount: Schema.optional(Schema.Number),
-  promptTokenCount: Schema.optional(Schema.Number),
-  candidatesTokenCount: Schema.optional(Schema.Number),
-  totalTokenCount: Schema.optional(Schema.Number),
+  cachedContentTokenCount: optionalNull(Schema.Number),
+  thoughtsTokenCount: optionalNull(Schema.Number),
+  promptTokenCount: optionalNull(Schema.Number),
+  candidatesTokenCount: optionalNull(Schema.Number),
+  totalTokenCount: optionalNull(Schema.Number),
 })
 type GeminiUsage = Schema.Schema.Type<typeof GeminiUsage>

 const GeminiCandidate = Schema.Struct({
-  content: Schema.optional(GeminiContent),
-  finishReason: Schema.optional(Schema.String),
+  content: optionalNull(GeminiContent),
+  finishReason: optionalNull(Schema.String),
 })

 const GeminiPromptFeedback = Schema.StructWithRest(
  Schema.Struct({
-    blockReason: Schema.optional(Schema.String),
-    blockReasonMessage: Schema.optional(Schema.String),
-    safetyRatings: Schema.optional(Schema.Unknown),
+    blockReason: optionalNull(Schema.String),
+    blockReasonMessage: optionalNull(Schema.String),
+    safetyRatings: optionalNull(Schema.Unknown),
  }),
  [Schema.Record(Schema.String, Schema.Unknown)],
 )
 type GeminiPromptFeedback = Schema.Schema.Type<typeof GeminiPromptFeedback>

 const GeminiEvent = Schema.Struct({
-  candidates: optionalArray(GeminiCandidate),
-  promptFeedback: Schema.optional(GeminiPromptFeedback),
-  usageMetadata: Schema.optional(GeminiUsage),
+  candidates: optionalNull(Schema.Array(GeminiCandidate)),
+  promptFeedback: optionalNull(GeminiPromptFeedback),
+  usageMetadata: optionalNull(GeminiUsage),
 })
 type GeminiEvent = Schema.Schema.Type<typeof GeminiEvent>

@@ -217,6 +229,7 @@ interface ParserState {
  readonly lifecycle: Lifecycle.State
  readonly reasoningSignature?: string
  readonly textSignature?: string
+  readonly seenCallIds?: ReadonlySet<string>
 }

 // =============================================================================
@@ -274,20 +287,14 @@ const thoughtSignature = (providerMetadata: ProviderMetadata | undefined) => {
    : undefined
 }

-const functionCallId = (providerMetadata: ProviderMetadata | undefined) => {
-  const google = providerMetadata?.google
-  return ProviderShared.isRecord(google) && typeof google.functionCallId === "string"
-    ? google.functionCallId
-    : undefined
-}
-
-const lowerToolCall = (part: ToolCallPart) => ({
-  functionCall: { id: functionCallId(part.providerMetadata), name: part.name, args: part.input },
+const lowerToolCall = (part: ToolCallPart, omitIds: boolean) => ({
+  functionCall: { ...(omitIds ? {} : { id: part.id }), name: part.name, args: part.input },
  thoughtSignature: thoughtSignature(part.providerMetadata),
 })

 const lowerMessages = Effect.fn("Gemini.lowerMessages")(function* (request: LLMRequest) {
  const contents: GeminiContent[] = []
+  const omitCallIds = omitsFunctionCallIds(request.model.id)
  const legacyToolMedia = routesLegacyToolMedia(request.model.id)
  let pendingMedia: GeminiInlineDataPart[] | undefined
  const flushMedia = () => {
@@ -303,8 +310,8 @@ const lowerMessages = Effect.fn("Gemini.lowerMessages")(function* (request: LLMR
      const previous = contents.at(-1)
      // Gemini rejects a continuation whose function-response turn carries extra
      // parts, so an update after a tool result starts its own user turn.
-      if (previous?.role === "user" && !previous.parts.some((item) => "functionResponse" in item))
-        contents[contents.length - 1] = { role: "user", parts: [...previous.parts, { text: part.text }] }
+      if (previous?.role === "user" && !(previous.parts ?? []).some((item) => "functionResponse" in item))
+        contents[contents.length - 1] = { role: "user", parts: [...(previous.parts ?? []), { text: part.text }] }
      else contents.push({ role: "user", parts: [{ text: part.text }] })
      continue
    }
@@ -336,7 +343,7 @@ const lowerMessages = Effect.fn("Gemini.lowerMessages")(function* (request: LLMR
          continue
        }
        if (part.type === "tool-call") {
-          const lowered = lowerToolCall(part)
+          const lowered = lowerToolCall(part, omitCallIds)
          const signature = lowered.thoughtSignature
          parts.push({
            ...lowered,
@@ -361,7 +368,7 @@ const lowerMessages = Effect.fn("Gemini.lowerMessages")(function* (request: LLMR
      if (part.result.type !== "content") {
        parts.push({
          functionResponse: {
-            id: functionCallId(part.providerMetadata),
+            ...(omitCallIds ? {} : { id: part.id }),
            name: part.name,
            response: {
              name: part.name,
@@ -382,7 +389,7 @@ const lowerMessages = Effect.fn("Gemini.lowerMessages")(function* (request: LLMR
      if (legacyToolMedia && media.length > 0) (pendingMedia ??= []).push(...media)
      parts.push({
        functionResponse: {
-          id: functionCallId(part.providerMetadata),
+          ...(omitCallIds ? {} : { id: part.id }),
          name: part.name,
          response: {
            name: part.name,
@@ -395,8 +402,8 @@ const lowerMessages = Effect.fn("Gemini.lowerMessages")(function* (request: LLMR
    // Gemini requires every response to a parallel call batch in one user turn,
    // so consecutive tool results join the open function-response turn.
    const previous = contents.at(-1)
-    if (previous?.role === "user" && previous.parts.some((item) => "functionResponse" in item))
-      contents[contents.length - 1] = { role: "user", parts: [...previous.parts, ...parts] }
+    if (previous?.role === "user" && (previous.parts ?? []).some((item) => "functionResponse" in item))
+      contents[contents.length - 1] = { role: "user", parts: [...(previous.parts ?? []), ...parts] }
    else contents.push({ role: "user", parts })
  }

@@ -486,21 +493,25 @@ const fromRequest = Effect.fn("Gemini.fromRequest")(function* (request: LLMReque
 // to produce the inclusive `outputTokens` the rest of the contract expects.
 const mapUsage = (usage: GeminiUsage | undefined) => {
  if (!usage) return undefined
-  const cached = usage.cachedContentTokenCount
-  const nonCached = ProviderShared.subtractTokens(usage.promptTokenCount, cached)
+  // Explicit provider nulls decode as `null`; normalize to `undefined` so the
+  // token arithmetic below treats them like absent counts.
+  const promptTokens = usage.promptTokenCount ?? undefined
+  const cached = usage.cachedContentTokenCount ?? undefined
+  const thoughts = usage.thoughtsTokenCount ?? undefined
+  const visible = usage.candidatesTokenCount ?? undefined
+  const nonCached = ProviderShared.subtractTokens(promptTokens, cached)
  // `candidatesTokenCount` is visible-only; sum with thoughts to produce the
  // inclusive `outputTokens` the contract expects. Only compute the total
  // when the visible component is reported — otherwise we'd fabricate an
  // inclusive number from a partial breakdown.
-  const outputTokens =
-    usage.candidatesTokenCount !== undefined ? usage.candidatesTokenCount + (usage.thoughtsTokenCount ?? 0) : undefined
+  const outputTokens = visible !== undefined ? visible + (thoughts ?? 0) : undefined
  return new Usage({
-    inputTokens: usage.promptTokenCount,
+    inputTokens: promptTokens,
    outputTokens,
    nonCachedInputTokens: nonCached,
    cacheReadInputTokens: cached,
-    reasoningTokens: usage.thoughtsTokenCount,
-    totalTokens: ProviderShared.totalTokens(usage.promptTokenCount, outputTokens, usage.totalTokenCount),
+    reasoningTokens: thoughts,
+    totalTokens: ProviderShared.totalTokens(promptTokens, outputTokens, usage.totalTokenCount ?? undefined),
    providerMetadata: { google: usage },
  })
 }
@@ -535,7 +546,10 @@ const mapFinishReason = (finishReason: string | undefined, hasToolCalls: boolean
 }

 const finish = (state: ParserState): ReadonlyArray<LLMEvent> => {
-  const promptBlockReason = state.finishReason === undefined ? state.promptFeedback?.blockReason : undefined
+  // `?? undefined` normalizes an explicit `null` blockReason back to absent so
+  // the "nothing to finish" check below keeps its meaning.
+  const promptBlockReason =
+    state.finishReason === undefined ? (state.promptFeedback?.blockReason ?? undefined) : undefined
  const finishReason = state.finishReason ?? promptBlockReason
  if (finishReason === undefined && state.usage === undefined) return []

@@ -581,8 +595,10 @@ const step = (state: ParserState, event: GeminiEvent) => {
  let lifecycle = nextState.lifecycle
  let reasoningSignature = nextState.reasoningSignature
  let textSignature = nextState.textSignature
+  // Supplier ids must be tracked across chunks of the same response, not just within one event's parts.
+  const seenCallIds = new Set(nextState.seenCallIds)

-  for (const part of candidate.content.parts) {
+  for (const part of candidate.content.parts ?? []) {
    const signature = "thoughtSignature" in part && part.thoughtSignature ? part.thoughtSignature : undefined
    // Gemini attaches replay signatures to thought parts, visible text, or function calls;
    // each block kind must retain the signature attached to its own parts.
@@ -618,13 +634,14 @@ const step = (state: ParserState, event: GeminiEvent) => {

    if ("functionCall" in part) {
      const input = part.functionCall.args === undefined ? {} : part.functionCall.args
-      // Gemini 2.0+ and Vertex supply a unique function call ID on the part; when omitted (e.g. Gemini 1.5),
+      // Gemini 2.0+ supplies a unique function call ID on the part; when omitted (e.g. Gemini 1.5),
      // generate a globally unique ID rather than a per-request counter to prevent cross-request collisions in downstream registries.
-      const id = part.functionCall.id ?? `tool_${crypto.randomUUID().replaceAll("-", "")}`
-      const metadata = {
-        ...(part.functionCall.id === undefined ? {} : { functionCallId: part.functionCall.id }),
-        ...(part.thoughtSignature === undefined ? {} : { thoughtSignature: part.thoughtSignature }),
-      }
+      // A repeated supplier id would replay as two identical calls, so only the first occurrence keeps it.
+      // A `null` supplier id normalizes to absent so the generated-id fallback applies.
+      const supplied = part.functionCall.id ?? undefined
+      const duplicate = supplied !== undefined && seenCallIds.has(supplied)
+      if (supplied !== undefined) seenCallIds.add(supplied)
+      const id = supplied !== undefined && !duplicate ? supplied : `tool_${crypto.randomUUID().replaceAll("-", "")}`
      lifecycle = Lifecycle.reasoningEnd(
        lifecycle,
        events,
@@ -637,7 +654,8 @@ const step = (state: ParserState, event: GeminiEvent) => {
          id,
          name: part.functionCall.name,
          input,
-          providerMetadata: Object.keys(metadata).length > 0 ? googleMetadata(metadata) : undefined,
+          providerMetadata:
+            part.thoughtSignature ? googleMetadata({ thoughtSignature: part.thoughtSignature }) : undefined,
        }),
      )
      hasToolCalls = true
@@ -651,6 +669,7 @@ const step = (state: ParserState, event: GeminiEvent) => {
      lifecycle,
      reasoningSignature,
      textSignature,
+      seenCallIds,
      finishReason: candidate.finishReason ?? nextState.finishReason,
    },
    events,
@@ -112,6 +112,8 @@ const driver = (options: Options, body: string): WebSocketChannelDriver => {
          responseID = created
          return { type: "frame", frame }
        }
+        // Keepalives carry no response state and may arrive before response.created.
+        if (event.type === "keepalive") return { type: "frame", frame }
        if (!responseID)
          return yield* ProviderShared.eventError(
            options.id,
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import { Protocol } from "../route/protocol.js"
 import {
  AIError,
  LLMEvent,
+  ProviderInternalReason,
  Usage,
  type FinishReason,
  type JsonSchema,
@@ -361,7 +362,7 @@ export const lowerTool = Effect.fn("OpenResponses.lowerTool")(function* (
    type: "function" as const,
    name: tool.name,
    description: tool.description,
-    parameters: ToolSchemaProjection.responses(inputSchema),
+    parameters: inputSchema,
    // The common tool definition does not currently express Responses strict-schema policy.
    strict: false,
  }
@@ -428,7 +429,7 @@ const lowerMedia = Effect.fn("OpenResponses.lowerMedia")(function* (
    return {
      type: "input_file" as const,
      filename: part.filename ?? (media.mime === "application/pdf" ? "document.pdf" : "file"),
-      ...(url ? { file_url: url } : { file_data: media.base64 }),
+      ...(url ? { file_url: url } : { file_data: media.dataUrl }),
    }
  }
  return { type: "input_image" as const, image_url: url ?? media.dataUrl }
@@ -580,10 +581,14 @@ const lowerMessages = Effect.fn("OpenResponses.lowerMessages")(function* (reques
        if (part.type === "tool-result" && part.providerExecuted === true) {
          flushText()
          const id = itemID(part.providerMetadata, providerMetadataKey)
-          if (store !== false && id && !hostedToolReferences.has(id))
-            input.push({ type: "item_reference", id })
-          if (store === false && part.result.type === "content") {
-            const content: ReadonlyArray<Content> = part.result.value
+          if (store !== false && id && !hostedToolReferences.has(id)) input.push({ type: "item_reference", id })
+          if (store === false) {
+            // The server is not storing this exchange, so the tool outcome has to
+            // travel in the input. Non-content results degrade to their text form.
+            const content: ReadonlyArray<Content> =
+              part.result.type === "content"
+                ? part.result.value
+                : [{ type: "text", text: ProviderShared.toolResultText(part) }]
            input.push({
              role: "user",
              content: yield* Effect.forEach(content, (item) =>
@@ -628,6 +633,7 @@ const lowerMessages = Effect.fn("OpenResponses.lowerMessages")(function* (reques

 const lowerOptions = (request: LLMRequest) => {
  const options = OpenResponsesOptions.resolve(request)
+  const cacheKey = ProviderShared.clampPromptCacheKey(request.promptCacheKey)
  return {
    ...(options.instructions ? { instructions: options.instructions } : {}),
    ...(options.store !== undefined ? { store: options.store } : {}),
@@ -637,7 +643,7 @@ const lowerOptions = (request: LLMRequest) => {
      ? { stream_options: { include_obfuscation: options.streamOptions.includeObfuscation } }
      : {}),
    ...(options.topLogprobs !== undefined ? { top_logprobs: options.topLogprobs } : {}),
-    ...(request.promptCacheKey ? { prompt_cache_key: request.promptCacheKey } : {}),
+    ...(cacheKey ? { prompt_cache_key: cacheKey } : {}),
    ...(options.include ? { include: options.include } : {}),
    ...(options.reasoningEffort || options.reasoningSummary
      ? { reasoning: { effort: options.reasoningEffort, summary: options.reasoningSummary } }
@@ -753,7 +759,7 @@ const TERMINAL_TYPES = new Set(["error", "response.completed", "response.incompl
 export const terminal = (event: Event) => TERMINAL_TYPES.has(event.type)

 const onOutputTextDelta = (state: ParserState, event: Event, id: string): StepResult => {
-  if (!event.delta) return [state, NO_EVENTS]
+  if (!event.delta || !state.messageItems.has(id)) return [state, NO_EVENTS]
  const events: LLMEvent[] = []
  const phase = state.messagePhases[id]
  const metadata = providerMetadata(state, { itemId: id, ...(phase === undefined ? {} : { phase }) })
@@ -771,10 +777,9 @@ const onOutputTextDone = (state: ParserState, event: Event, id: string): StepRes
 }

 export const onReasoningDelta = (state: ParserState, event: Event, itemID: string): StepResult => {
-  if (!event.delta) return [state, NO_EVENTS]
+  if (!event.delta || !state.reasoningItems[itemID]) return [state, NO_EVENTS]
  const events: LLMEvent[] = []
-  const id =
-    event.summary_index !== undefined || state.reasoningItems[itemID] ? `${itemID}:${event.summary_index ?? 0}` : itemID
+  const id = `${itemID}:${event.summary_index ?? 0}`
  return [
    {
      ...state,
@@ -852,27 +857,9 @@ const onOutputItemAdded = (state: ParserState, event: Event): StepResult => {

 const onReasoningSummaryPartAdded = (state: ParserState, event: Event): StepResult => {
  if (!event.item_id || event.summary_index === undefined) return [state, NO_EVENTS]
-  const item = state.reasoningItems[event.item_id] ?? { encryptedContent: undefined, summaryParts: {} }
-  if (event.summary_index === 0) {
-    if (state.reasoningItems[event.item_id]) return [state, NO_EVENTS]
-    const events: LLMEvent[] = []
-    return [
-      {
-        ...state,
-        lifecycle: Lifecycle.reasoningStart(
-          state.lifecycle,
-          events,
-          `${event.item_id}:0`,
-          providerMetadata(state, { itemId: event.item_id, reasoningEncryptedContent: null }),
-        ),
-        reasoningItems: {
-          ...state.reasoningItems,
-          [event.item_id]: { ...item, summaryParts: { 0: "active" } },
-        },
-      },
-      events,
-    ]
-  }
+  const item = state.reasoningItems[event.item_id]
+  if (!item) return [state, NO_EVENTS]
+  if (event.summary_index === 0) return [state, NO_EVENTS]

  const events: LLMEvent[] = []
  const closed = Object.entries(item.summaryParts)
@@ -951,7 +938,7 @@ const onFunctionCallArgumentsDelta = Effect.fn("OpenResponses.onFunctionCallArgu
  state: ParserState,
  event: Event,
 ) {
-  if (!event.item_id || !event.delta) return [state, NO_EVENTS] satisfies StepResult
+  if (!event.item_id || !event.delta || !state.tools[event.item_id]) return [state, NO_EVENTS] satisfies StepResult
  const result = ToolStream.appendExisting(
    state.id,
    state.tools,
@@ -1105,11 +1092,19 @@ export const providerFailure = (id: string, event: Event, fallback: string) => {
      : typeof event.status_code === "number"
        ? event.status_code
        : undefined
+  const reason =
+    event.type === "error" &&
+    event.error === undefined &&
+    event.response === undefined &&
+    summary === undefined &&
+    status === undefined
+      ? new ProviderInternalReason({ message })
+      : classifyProviderFailure({ message, code, status, rawBody: body })
  return new AIError({
    module: id,
    method: "stream",
    body,
-    reason: classifyProviderFailure({ message, code, status, rawBody: body }),
+    reason,
  })
 }

@@ -1126,7 +1121,8 @@ export const step = (state: ParserState, event: Event) => {
  }
  if (event.type === "response.refusal.delta" || event.type === "response.refusal.done") {
    const value = event.type === "response.refusal.delta" ? event.delta : event.refusal
-    if (!event.item_id || typeof value !== "string") return ProviderShared.eventError(state.id, `${event.type} is malformed`)
+    if (!event.item_id || typeof value !== "string")
+      return ProviderShared.eventError(state.id, `${event.type} is malformed`)
    return Effect.succeed(
      event.type === "response.refusal.delta"
        ? onOutputTextDelta(state, event, event.item_id)
@@ -1150,7 +1146,10 @@ export const step = (state: ParserState, event: Event) => {
      return ProviderShared.eventError(state.id, `${event.type} message is missing id`)
    return Effect.succeed(onOutputItemAdded(state, event))
  }
-  if (event.type === "response.function_call_arguments.delta") return onFunctionCallArgumentsDelta(state, event)
+  if (event.type === "response.function_call_arguments.delta")
+    return event.item_id
+      ? onFunctionCallArgumentsDelta(state, event)
+      : ProviderShared.eventError(state.id, `${event.type} is missing item_id`)
  if (event.type === "response.output_item.done") {
    if (event.item?.type === "message" && !event.item.id)
      return ProviderShared.eventError(state.id, `${event.type} message is missing id`)
@@ -156,6 +156,9 @@ const OpenAIChatUsage = Schema.StructWithRest(
    prompt_tokens: optionalNull(Schema.Number),
    completion_tokens: optionalNull(Schema.Number),
    total_tokens: optionalNull(Schema.Number),
+    // Zai reports cache hits as top-level `cached_tokens`; DeepSeek uses `prompt_cache_hit_tokens`.
+    cached_tokens: optionalNull(Schema.Number),
+    prompt_cache_hit_tokens: optionalNull(Schema.Number),
    prompt_tokens_details: optionalNull(
      Schema.StructWithRest(
        Schema.Struct({
@@ -204,11 +207,16 @@ const OpenAIChatDelta = Schema.StructWithRest(
  [Schema.Record(Schema.String, Schema.Unknown)],
 )

-const OpenAIChatChoice = Schema.Struct({
-  delta: optionalNull(OpenAIChatDelta),
-  finish_reason: optionalNull(Schema.String),
-  native_finish_reason: optionalNull(Schema.String),
-})
+const OpenAIChatChoice = Schema.StructWithRest(
+  Schema.Struct({
+    delta: optionalNull(OpenAIChatDelta),
+    finish_reason: optionalNull(Schema.String),
+    native_finish_reason: optionalNull(Schema.String),
+    // Moonshot streams usage on `choice.usage` instead of top-level `usage`.
+    usage: optionalNull(OpenAIChatUsage),
+  }),
+  [Schema.Record(Schema.String, Schema.Unknown)],
+)

 const OpenAIChatError = Schema.Struct({
  code: optionalNull(Schema.Union([Schema.String, Schema.Number])),
@@ -261,7 +269,7 @@ const lowerTool = (tool: ToolDefinition, inputSchema: JsonSchema, options: Lower
  function: {
    name: tool.name,
    description: tool.description,
-    parameters: ToolSchemaProjection.openAI(inputSchema),
+    parameters: inputSchema,
  },
  cache_control: options.cacheControl?.(tool.cache),
 })
@@ -509,11 +517,23 @@ const lowerMessages = Effect.fn("OpenAIChat.lowerMessages")(function* (request:
  return messages
 })

+// Anthropic via LiteLLM and Amazon Bedrock require `tools` to be present
+// whenever the conversation history contains tool calls/results. Send an
+// explicit empty array when we have history but no active tools.
+const hasToolHistory = (messages: ReadonlyArray<LLMRequest["messages"][number]>) => {
+  for (const message of messages) {
+    if (message.role === "tool") return true
+    if (message.role === "assistant" && message.content.some((part) => part.type === "tool-call")) return true
+  }
+  return false
+}
+
 const lowerOptions = (request: LLMRequest) => {
  const options = OpenAIOptions.resolve(request)
+  const cacheKey = ProviderShared.clampPromptCacheKey(request.promptCacheKey)
  return {
    ...(options.store !== undefined ? { store: options.store } : {}),
-    ...(request.promptCacheKey ? { prompt_cache_key: request.promptCacheKey } : {}),
+    ...(cacheKey ? { prompt_cache_key: cacheKey } : {}),
    ...(options.reasoningEffort ? { reasoning_effort: options.reasoningEffort } : {}),
  }
 }
@@ -532,12 +552,15 @@ export const fromRequest = Effect.fn("OpenAIChat.fromRequest")(function* (
  const generation = request.generation
  const toolSchemaCompatibility = request.model.compatibility?.toolSchema
  const maxTokensField = request.model.compatibility?.maxTokensField ?? "max_tokens"
+  const hasHistory = hasToolHistory(request.messages)
  return {
    model: request.model.id,
    messages: yield* lowerMessages(request, options),
    tools:
      request.tools.length === 0
-        ? undefined
+        ? hasHistory
+          ? []
+          : undefined
        : request.tools.map((tool) =>
            lowerTool(
              tool,
@@ -581,11 +604,18 @@ const mapFinishReason = (reason: string | null | undefined): FinishReason => {
 // total) with a `reasoning_tokens` subset. We pass the inclusive totals
 // through and derive the non-cached breakdown so the `AI.Usage` contract is
 // satisfied on both sides.
+// Providers differ on cache-hit location: OpenAI uses
+// `prompt_tokens_details.cached_tokens`, DeepSeek uses
+// `prompt_cache_hit_tokens`, and Zai uses top-level `cached_tokens`.
 const mapUsage = (usage: OpenAIChatEvent["usage"]): Usage | undefined => {
  if (!usage) return undefined
  const input = usage.prompt_tokens ?? undefined
  const output = usage.completion_tokens ?? undefined
-  const cached = usage.prompt_tokens_details?.cached_tokens ?? undefined
+  const cached =
+    (usage.prompt_tokens_details?.cached_tokens ??
+      (usage as { prompt_cache_hit_tokens?: number | null }).prompt_cache_hit_tokens ??
+      (usage as { cached_tokens?: number | null }).cached_tokens ??
+      undefined) as number | undefined
  const cacheWrite = usage.prompt_tokens_details?.cache_write_tokens ?? undefined
  const reasoning = usage.completion_tokens_details?.reasoning_tokens ?? undefined
  const nonCached = ProviderShared.subtractTokens(input, ProviderShared.sumTokens(cached, cacheWrite))
@@ -691,8 +721,11 @@ const step = (state: ParserState, event: OpenAIChatEvent) =>
        }),
      })
    const events: LLMEvent[] = []
-    const usage = mapUsage(event.usage) ?? state.usage
    const choice = event.choices?.[0]
+    // Moonshot (and a few other OpenAI-compatible providers) attach usage to
+    // `choice.usage` instead of the top-level `usage` field.
+    const choiceUsage = (choice as unknown as { usage?: OpenAIChatEvent["usage"] })?.usage
+    const usage = mapUsage(event.usage) ?? (choiceUsage ? mapUsage(choiceUsage) : undefined) ?? state.usage
    const rawFinishReason = choice?.finish_reason
    const finishReason =
      rawFinishReason !== undefined && rawFinishReason !== null
@@ -134,13 +134,12 @@ const HOSTED_TOOLS = {
    name: "code_interpreter",
    input: (item) => ({ code: item.code, container_id: item.container_id }),
  },
-  computer_use_call: { name: "computer_use", input: (item) => item.action ?? {} },
+  computer_call: { name: "computer_use", input: (item) => item.action ?? {} },
  image_generation_call: { name: "image_generation", input: () => ({}), result: hostedToolResult },
  mcp_call: {
    name: "mcp",
    input: (item) => ({ server_label: item.server_label, name: item.name, arguments: item.arguments }),
  },
-  local_shell_call: { name: "local_shell", input: (item) => item.action ?? {} },
 } as const satisfies ResponsesHostedTools.Definitions

 const step = (state: OpenResponses.ParserState, event: OpenResponses.Event) => {
@@ -24,6 +24,17 @@ export const JsonObject = Schema.Record(Schema.String, Schema.Unknown)
 export const optionalArray = <const S extends Schema.Top>(schema: S) => Schema.optional(Schema.Array(schema))
 export const optionalNull = <const S extends Schema.Top>(schema: S) => Schema.optional(Schema.NullOr(schema))

+export const OPENAI_PROMPT_CACHE_KEY_MAX_LENGTH = 64
+
+// OpenAI limits `prompt_cache_key` to 64 chars; DeepSeek and Zai inherit the same
+// limit via their OpenAI-compatible APIs. Clamp with unicode-aware slicing.
+export const clampPromptCacheKey = (key: string | undefined): string | undefined => {
+  if (key === undefined) return undefined
+  const chars = Array.from(key)
+  if (chars.length <= OPENAI_PROMPT_CACHE_KEY_MAX_LENGTH) return key
+  return chars.slice(0, OPENAI_PROMPT_CACHE_KEY_MAX_LENGTH).join("")
+}
+
 /**
 * Streaming tool-call accumulator. Adapters that build a tool call across
 * multiple `tool-input-delta` chunks store the partial JSON input string here
@@ -28,7 +28,11 @@ export const ResponseIncludables = [
 export type ResponseIncludable = (typeof ResponseIncludables)[number] | (string & {})

 export const ServiceTiers = ["auto", "default", "flex", "priority"] as const
-export type ServiceTier = (typeof ServiceTiers)[number]
+export type ServiceTier = (typeof ServiceTiers)[number] | (string & {})
+export const ServiceTier = Schema.declare<ServiceTier>(
+  (value): value is ServiceTier => typeof value === "string",
+  { title: "ServiceTier" },
+)

 export const Truncations = ["auto", "disabled"] as const
 export type Truncation = (typeof Truncations)[number]
@@ -38,7 +42,7 @@ export const ResponseIncludableSchema = Schema.declare<ResponseIncludable>(
  (value): value is ResponseIncludable => typeof value === "string",
  { title: "ResponseIncludable" },
 )
-export const ServiceTierSchema = Schema.Literals(ServiceTiers)
+export const ServiceTierSchema = ServiceTier
 export const TruncationSchema = Schema.Literals(Truncations)

 export const AllowedTools = Schema.Struct({
@@ -9,8 +9,8 @@ export type OpenAITextVerbosity = OpenResponsesOptions.TextVerbosity
 // in lockstep with `openai-node/src/resources/responses/responses.ts`.
 export const OpenAIResponseIncludables = OpenResponsesOptions.ResponseIncludables
 export type OpenAIResponseIncludable = OpenResponsesOptions.ResponseIncludable
-export const OpenAIServiceTiers = OpenResponsesOptions.ServiceTiers
-export type OpenAIServiceTier = OpenResponsesOptions.ServiceTier
+export const OpenAIServiceTiers = [...OpenResponsesOptions.ServiceTiers, "scale"] as const
+export type OpenAIServiceTier = (typeof OpenAIServiceTiers)[number] | (string & {})

 export const OpenAIReasoningEffort = OpenResponsesOptions.ReasoningEffort
 export const OpenAITextVerbosity = OpenResponsesOptions.TextVerbosity
@@ -2,20 +2,6 @@ import type { JsonSchema, LanguageModelToolSchemaCompatibility } from "../../sch
 import { isRecord } from "../../utils/record.js"
 import { GeminiToolSchema } from "./gemini-tool-schema.js"

-const removeNullSchemas = (value: unknown): unknown => {
-  if (Array.isArray(value)) return value.map(removeNullSchemas)
-  if (!isRecord(value)) return value
-  const fields = Object.fromEntries(
-    Object.entries(value)
-      .filter(([key]) => key !== "anyOf")
-      .map(([key, field]) => [key, removeNullSchemas(field)]),
-  )
-  if (!Array.isArray(value.anyOf)) return fields
-  const variants = value.anyOf.filter((variant) => !isRecord(variant) || variant.type !== "null").map(removeNullSchemas)
-  if (variants.length === 1 && isRecord(variants[0])) return { ...fields, ...variants[0] }
-  return { ...fields, anyOf: variants }
-}
-
 const tupleItemsSchema = (items: ReadonlyArray<unknown>) => {
  const projected = items.map(moonshotNode)
  if (projected.length === 0) return {}
@@ -45,24 +31,7 @@ const moonshot = (schema: JsonSchema): JsonSchema => {
  return isRecord(projected) ? projected : {}
 }

-const openAI = (schema: JsonSchema): JsonSchema => {
-  const variants = Array.isArray(schema.anyOf) ? schema.anyOf.filter(isRecord) : []
-  const flattened =
-    variants.length === 0
-      ? { ...schema, type: "object" }
-      : {
-          ...Object.fromEntries(Object.entries(schema).filter(([key]) => key !== "anyOf")),
-          type: "object",
-          properties: variants.reduce(
-            (properties, variant) => ({ ...(isRecord(variant.properties) ? variant.properties : {}), ...properties }),
-            {},
-          ),
-          additionalProperties: false,
-        }
-  const normalized = removeNullSchemas(flattened)
-  return isRecord(normalized) ? normalized : { type: "object" }
-}
-
+const openAI = (schema: JsonSchema): JsonSchema => schema
 const responses = openAI

 const gemini = (schema: JsonSchema): JsonSchema => GeminiToolSchema.convert(schema) ?? {}
@@ -38,13 +38,23 @@ export type Settings = ProviderPackage.Settings &

 const fromRequest = Effect.fn("GoogleVertex.fromRequest")(function* (request: LLMRequest) {
  const body = yield* Gemini.protocol.body.from(request)
+  // Vertex's native REST schema rejects `id` on FunctionCall/FunctionResponse parts with HTTP 400,
+  // unlike AI Studio, so history minted there cannot be lowered verbatim.
+  const contents = body.contents.map((content) => ({
+    ...content,
+    parts: (content.parts ?? []).map((part) => {
+      if ("functionCall" in part) return { ...part, functionCall: { ...part.functionCall, id: undefined } }
+      if ("functionResponse" in part) return { ...part, functionResponse: { ...part.functionResponse, id: undefined } }
+      return part
+    }),
+  }))
  const value = request.providerOptions?.labels
  const labels = ProviderShared.isRecord(value)
    ? Object.fromEntries(
        Object.entries(value).filter((entry): entry is [string, string] => typeof entry[1] === "string"),
      )
    : undefined
-  return { ...body, labels }
+  return { ...body, contents, labels }
 })

 const protocol = {
@@ -1,9 +1,13 @@
 import { mergeProviderOptions, type ProviderOptions } from "../schema/index.js"
-import type { OpenResponsesOptionsInput } from "./open-responses-options.js"
+import type { OpenAIServiceTier } from "../protocols/utils/openai-options.js"
+import type { Options } from "../protocols/utils/open-responses-options.js"

 export type { OpenAIResponseIncludable, OpenAIServiceTier } from "../protocols/utils/openai-options.js"

-export type OpenAIOptionsInput = OpenResponsesOptionsInput
+export type OpenAIOptionsInput = Omit<Options, "serviceTier"> & {
+  readonly serviceTier?: OpenAIServiceTier
+  readonly [key: string]: unknown
+}

 export type OpenAIProviderOptionsInput = OpenAIOptionsInput

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ import type { ProviderPackage } from "../provider-package.js"
 import * as OpenAICompatibleProfiles from "./openai-compatible-profile.js"
 import * as OpenAIChat from "../protocols/openai-chat.js"
 import { newBreakpoints, ttlBucket } from "../protocols/utils/cache.js"
-import { isRecord } from "../protocols/shared.js"
+import { isRecord, ProviderShared } from "../protocols/shared.js"

 export const profile = OpenAICompatibleProfiles.profiles.openrouter
 export const id = ProviderID.make(profile.provider)
@@ -115,11 +115,12 @@ export const protocol = Protocol.make({
              reasoning_details: reasoningDetails,
            }
          })
+          const cacheKey = ProviderShared.clampPromptCacheKey(request.promptCacheKey)
          return {
            ...body,
            messages,
            ...bodyOptions(request.providerOptions),
-            ...(request.promptCacheKey ? { prompt_cache_key: request.promptCacheKey } : {}),
+            ...(cacheKey ? { prompt_cache_key: cacheKey } : {}),
          } as OpenRouterBody
        }),
      ),
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+{
+  "version": 1,
+  "metadata": {
+    "tags": [
+      "prefix:azure",
+      "provider:azure"
+    ],
+    "name": "azure/chat-streams-text",
+    "recordedAt": "2026-08-23T17:21:53.198Z"
+  },
+  "interactions": [
+    {
+      "transport": "http",
+      "request": {
+        "method": "POST",
+        "url": "https://aiden-azury-group.openai.azure.com/openai/v1/chat/completions?api-version=v1",
+        "headers": {
+          "content-type": "application/json"
+        },
+        "body": "{\"model\":\"gpt-5.6-luna\",\"messages\":[{\"role\":\"user\",\"content\":\"Reply with exactly one word: hello\"}],\"stream\":true,\"stream_options\":{\"include_usage\":true},\"store\":false,\"reasoning_effort\":\"medium\"}"
+      },
+      "response": {
+        "status": 200,
+        "headers": {
+          "content-type": "text/event-stream; charset=utf-8"
+        },
+        "body": "data: {\"choices\":[],\"created\":0,\"id\":\"\",\"model\":\"\",\"object\":\"\",\"prompt_filter_results\":[{\"prompt_index\":0,\"content_filter_results\":{}}]}\n\ndata: {\"choices\":[{\"content_filter_results\":{},\"delta\":{\"content\":\"\",\"refusal\":null,\"role\":\"assistant\"},\"finish_reason\":null,\"index\":0,\"logprobs\":null}],\"created\":1787505712,\"id\":\"chatcmpl-EG6BEiYSfrcTSI2WX8PqNzERZDcPc\",\"model\":\"gpt-5.6-luna-2026-07-09\",\"obfuscation\":\"Mxr\",\"object\":\"chat.completion.chunk\",\"service_tier\":\"default\",\"system_fingerprint\":null,\"usage\":null}\n\ndata: {\"choices\":[{\"content_filter_results\":{},\"delta\":{\"content\":\"hello\"},\"finish_reason\":null,\"index\":0,\"logprobs\":null}],\"created\":1787505712,\"id\":\"chatcmpl-EG6BEiYSfrcTSI2WX8PqNzERZDcPc\",\"model\":\"gpt-5.6-luna-2026-07-09\",\"obfuscation\":\"\",\"object\":\"chat.completion.chunk\",\"service_tier\":\"default\",\"system_fingerprint\":null,\"usage\":null}\n\ndata: {\"choices\":[{\"content_filter_results\":{},\"delta\":{},\"finish_reason\":\"stop\",\"index\":0,\"logprobs\":null}],\"created\":1787505712,\"id\":\"chatcmpl-EG6BEiYSfrcTSI2WX8PqNzERZDcPc\",\"model\":\"gpt-5.6-luna-2026-07-09\",\"obfuscation\":\"WyZa5AY1CaCeFdS\",\"object\":\"chat.completion.chunk\",\"service_tier\":\"default\",\"system_fingerprint\":null,\"usage\":null}\n\ndata: {\"choices\":[],\"created\":1787505712,\"id\":\"chatcmpl-EG6BEiYSfrcTSI2WX8PqNzERZDcPc\",\"latency_checkpoint\":{\"engine_tbt_ms\":20,\"engine_ttft_ms\":106,\"engine_ttlt_ms\":206,\"pre_inference_ms\":89,\"service_tbt_ms\":20,\"service_ttft_ms\":480,\"service_ttlt_ms\":576,\"total_duration_ms\":491,\"user_visible_ttft_ms\":391},\"model\":\"gpt-5.6-luna-2026-07-09\",\"obfuscation\":\"6\",\"object\":\"chat.completion.chunk\",\"service_tier\":\"default\",\"system_fingerprint\":null,\"usage\":{\"completion_tokens\":5,\"completion_tokens_details\":{\"accepted_prediction_tokens\":0,\"audio_tokens\":0,\"reasoning_tokens\":0,\"rejected_prediction_tokens\":0},\"prompt_tokens\":13,\"prompt_tokens_details\":{\"audio_tokens\":0,\"cache_write_tokens\":0,\"cached_tokens\":0},\"total_tokens\":18}}\n\ndata: [DONE]\n\n"
+      }
+    }
+  ]
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+{
+  "version": 1,
+  "metadata": {
+    "tags": [
+      "prefix:google-vertex",
+      "provider:google-vertex",
+      "protocol:gemini"
+    ],
+    "name": "google-vertex/calls-a-tool",
+    "recordedAt": "2026-08-23T17:21:51.036Z"
+  },
+  "interactions": [
+    {
+      "transport": "http",
+      "request": {
+        "method": "POST",
+        "url": "https://aiplatform.googleapis.com/v1/publishers/google/models/gemini-3.5-flash:streamGenerateContent?alt=sse",
+        "headers": {
+          "content-type": "application/json"
+        },
+        "body": "{\"contents\":[{\"role\":\"user\",\"parts\":[{\"text\":\"What is the weather in Paris? Use the lookup_weather tool.\"}]}],\"tools\":[{\"functionDeclarations\":[{\"name\":\"lookup_weather\",\"description\":\"Look up the current weather for a city\",\"parameters\":{\"required\":[\"city\"],\"type\":\"object\",\"properties\":{\"city\":{\"type\":\"string\"}}}}]}]}"
+      },
+      "response": {
+        "status": 200,
+        "headers": {
+          "content-type": "text/event-stream"
+        },
+        "body": "data: {\"candidates\": [{\"content\": {\"role\": \"model\",\"parts\": [{\"functionCall\": {\"name\": \"lookup_weather\",\"args\": {\"city\": \"Paris\"},\"id\": \"call_425130\"},\"thoughtSignature\": \"AY89a1+1fXnLgYhHMuN3Ak6LBhT6PcrYOW7iPav4LfsacvG/Z6l1yJ+AsU7vWhFj/JyPIbsJJQ+GjohM9sCIZ6nqUOIg3reo/7osmrCvFrVHedTHQcwiPzoz2Kp3gb+uWjFAXxk1EX4IRAKcu0ox1W/Z9PpuZvHkTerGO2a82e02N6MAF1YhhtbXFvSdqLRih2Os68rdOk5/Bcld7ol8qUgeyIZ3CtI3OJ5jwRcD8LjvK33A7ZFzH5Bxp/peUmXvqnu5iNhnGBxZaJy/vupCtxRZxjaS+ojG0/UhyrnRiKIpbzQ0FBkxePPn8GCX/LOe2y3GUc98co8lN8OOuCd9ZmEdx5AjHmQkPO9fAV9SxG6Bda6SDWVL8o/Uz3WSQYoUEfAdoajEWIBvcisoeCJjb7zgmRRZ9VQSPl3RXj5LFRvX8jn0YKV1CahYbc24jA==\"}]}}],\"usageMetadata\": {\"trafficType\": \"ON_DEMAND\"},\"modelVersion\": \"gemini-3.5-flash\",\"createTime\": \"2026-08-23T17:21:50.308576Z\",\"responseId\": \"LiyLauDqErCErb8Pj8aWkAs\"}\r\n\r\ndata: {\"candidates\": [{\"content\": {\"role\": \"model\",\"parts\": [{\"text\": \"\"}]},\"finishReason\": \"STOP\"}],\"usageMetadata\": {\"promptTokenCount\": 39,\"candidatesTokenCount\": 16,\"totalTokenCount\": 102,\"trafficType\": \"ON_DEMAND\",\"promptTokensDetails\": [{\"modality\": \"TEXT\",\"tokenCount\": 39}],\"candidatesTokensDetails\": [{\"modality\": \"TEXT\",\"tokenCount\": 16}],\"thoughtsTokenCount\": 47},\"modelVersion\": \"gemini-3.5-flash\",\"createTime\": \"2026-08-23T17:21:50.308576Z\",\"responseId\": \"LiyLauDqErCErb8Pj8aWkAs\"}\r\n\r\n"
+      }
+    }
+  ]
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+{
+  "version": 1,
+  "metadata": {
+    "tags": [
+      "prefix:google-vertex",
+      "provider:google-vertex",
+      "protocol:gemini"
+    ],
+    "name": "google-vertex/continues-after-a-tool-result",
+    "recordedAt": "2026-08-23T17:21:51.853Z"
+  },
+  "interactions": [
+    {
+      "transport": "http",
+      "request": {
+        "method": "POST",
+        "url": "https://aiplatform.googleapis.com/v1/publishers/google/models/gemini-3.5-flash:streamGenerateContent?alt=sse",
+        "headers": {
+          "content-type": "application/json"
+        },
+        "body": "{\"contents\":[{\"role\":\"user\",\"parts\":[{\"text\":\"What is the weather in Paris?\"}]},{\"role\":\"model\",\"parts\":[{\"functionCall\":{\"name\":\"lookup_weather\",\"args\":{\"city\":\"Paris\"}},\"thoughtSignature\":\"skip_thought_signature_validator\"}]},{\"role\":\"user\",\"parts\":[{\"functionResponse\":{\"name\":\"lookup_weather\",\"response\":{\"name\":\"lookup_weather\",\"content\":\"18C, light rain\"}}}]}],\"tools\":[{\"functionDeclarations\":[{\"name\":\"lookup_weather\",\"description\":\"Look up the current weather for a city\",\"parameters\":{\"required\":[\"city\"],\"type\":\"object\",\"properties\":{\"city\":{\"type\":\"string\"}}}}]}]}"
+      },
+      "response": {
+        "status": 200,
+        "headers": {
+          "content-type": "text/event-stream"
+        },
+        "body": "data: {\"candidates\": [{\"content\": {\"role\": \"model\",\"parts\": [{\"text\": \"The weather in Paris is currently 18°C with light rain.\"}]}}],\"usageMetadata\": {\"trafficType\": \"ON_DEMAND\"},\"modelVersion\": \"gemini-3.5-flash\",\"createTime\": \"2026-08-23T17:21:51.220919Z\",\"responseId\": \"LyyLave9DbWnrb8P1IjLmQQ\"}\r\n\r\ndata: {\"candidates\": [{\"content\": {\"role\": \"model\",\"parts\": [{\"text\": \"\",\"thoughtSignature\": \"AY89a197c+fpHJftPtcufnqMAyoRQKVEQK+KeG+RVHVx2wKil3L4jP4YWvfVbcuOFr2jio4Kre/hCrDANAoMFSvaZrdaPeo1b5bXQSmJKMH03yM5M6q6ME6JiBvXym143U4exIde4UbOh2tMeyXMvB3aWxcavIHd78g5G5QPLreo6A3LO5871cYYVeRwteY+/zbEdqfaAq1hlk6WYpWkNljYpjMyKwr15YC8rFLh3HYayS9tTN++GGrk/reZn6C3OEPlzPou/pXRATzcEAGVl/TW\"}]},\"finishReason\": \"STOP\"}],\"usageMetadata\": {\"promptTokenCount\": 59,\"candidatesTokenCount\": 15,\"totalTokenCount\": 98,\"trafficType\": \"ON_DEMAND\",\"promptTokensDetails\": [{\"modality\": \"TEXT\",\"tokenCount\": 59}],\"candidatesTokensDetails\": [{\"modality\": \"TEXT\",\"tokenCount\": 15}],\"thoughtsTokenCount\": 24},\"modelVersion\": \"gemini-3.5-flash\",\"createTime\": \"2026-08-23T17:21:51.220919Z\",\"responseId\": \"LyyLave9DbWnrb8P1IjLmQQ\"}\r\n\r\n"
+      }
+    }
+  ]
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+{
+  "version": 1,
+  "metadata": {
+    "tags": [
+      "prefix:google-vertex",
+      "provider:google-vertex",
+      "protocol:gemini"
+    ],
+    "name": "google-vertex/streams-text",
+    "recordedAt": "2026-08-23T17:21:50.112Z"
+  },
+  "interactions": [
+    {
+      "transport": "http",
+      "request": {
+        "method": "POST",
+        "url": "https://aiplatform.googleapis.com/v1/publishers/google/models/gemini-3.5-flash:streamGenerateContent?alt=sse",
+        "headers": {
+          "content-type": "application/json"
+        },
+        "body": "{\"contents\":[{\"role\":\"user\",\"parts\":[{\"text\":\"Reply with exactly one word: hello\"}]}]}"
+      },
+      "response": {
+        "status": 200,
+        "headers": {
+          "content-type": "text/event-stream"
+        },
+        "body": "data: {\"candidates\": [{\"content\": {\"role\": \"model\",\"parts\": [{\"text\": \"Hello\"}]}}],\"usageMetadata\": {\"trafficType\": \"ON_DEMAND\"},\"modelVersion\": \"gemini-3.5-flash\",\"createTime\": \"2026-08-23T17:21:48.528714Z\",\"responseId\": \"LCyLasqiIO6crb8P1sDboQc\"}\r\n\r\ndata: {\"candidates\": [{\"content\": {\"role\": \"model\",\"parts\": [{\"text\": \"\",\"thoughtSignature\": \"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\"}]},\"finishReason\": \"STOP\"}],\"usageMetadata\": {\"promptTokenCount\": 7,\"candidatesTokenCount\": 1,\"totalTokenCount\": 150,\"trafficType\": \"ON_DEMAND\",\"promptTokensDetails\": [{\"modality\": \"TEXT\",\"tokenCount\": 7}],\"candidatesTokensDetails\": [{\"modality\": \"TEXT\",\"tokenCount\": 1}],\"thoughtsTokenCount\": 142},\"modelVersion\": \"gemini-3.5-flash\",\"createTime\": \"2026-08-23T17:21:48.528714Z\",\"responseId\": \"LCyLasqiIO6crb8P1sDboQc\"}\r\n\r\n"
+      }
+    }
+  ]
+}
@@ -4,10 +4,4 @@ import { GoogleVertexChat } from "../../src/providers.js"
 const model = GoogleVertexChat.configure({ accessToken: "test", project: "project" }).model("gemini")

 LLM.request({ model, prompt: "Hello", providerOptions: { serviceTier: "priority" } })
-
-LLM.request({
-  model,
-  prompt: "Hello",
-  // @ts-expect-error Vertex OpenAI-compatible service tiers use the OpenAI union.
-  providerOptions: { serviceTier: "premium" },
-})
+LLM.request({ model, prompt: "Hello", providerOptions: { serviceTier: "future-tier" } })
@@ -8,6 +8,8 @@ LLM.request({ model: selected, prompt: "Hello", providerOptions: { reasoningEffo
 LLM.request({ model: selected, prompt: "Hello", providerOptions: { reasoningEffort: "experimental" } })
 LLM.request({ model: selected, prompt: "Hello", providerOptions: { textVerbosity: "low" } })
 LLM.request({ model: selected, prompt: "Hello", providerOptions: { textVerbosity: "verbose" } })
+LLM.request({ model: selected, prompt: "Hello", providerOptions: { serviceTier: "scale" } })
+LLM.request({ model: selected, prompt: "Hello", providerOptions: { serviceTier: "future-tier" } })
 LLM.request({ model: chat, prompt: "Hello", providerOptions: { reasoningEffort: "max" } })
 LLM.request({ model: chat, prompt: "Hello", providerOptions: { reasoningEffort: "experimental" } })

@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+import { describe, expect } from "bun:test"
+import { Effect } from "effect"
+import { LLM, Message, ToolDefinition, ToolCallPart } from "../../src/index.js"
+import { Azure } from "../../src/providers.js"
+import { LLMClient } from "../../src/route.js"
+import { recordedTests } from "../recorded-test.js"
+
+const resourceName = process.env.AZURE_OPENAI_RESOURCE_NAME ?? "aiden-azury-group"
+
+const chatModel = Azure.configure({
+  resourceName,
+  apiKey: process.env.AZURE_OPENAI_API_KEY ?? "fixture",
+}).chat("gpt-5.6-luna")
+
+const responsesModel = Azure.configure({
+  resourceName,
+  apiKey: process.env.AZURE_OPENAI_API_KEY ?? "fixture",
+}).responses("gpt-5.6-luna")
+
+const lookupWeather = ToolDefinition.make({
+  name: "lookup_weather",
+  description: "Look up the current weather for a city",
+  inputSchema: { type: "object", properties: { city: { type: "string" } }, required: ["city"] },
+})
+
+const recorded = recordedTests({
+  prefix: "azure",
+  provider: "azure",
+  requires: ["AZURE_OPENAI_API_KEY"],
+})
+
+describe("Azure OpenAI recorded", () => {
+  recorded.effect("chat streams text", () =>
+    Effect.gen(function* () {
+      const response = yield* LLMClient.generate(
+        LLM.request({ model: chatModel, prompt: "Reply with exactly one word: hello" }),
+      )
+
+      expect(response.text.toLowerCase()).toContain("hello")
+    }),
+  )
+
+  recorded.effect("responses streams text", () =>
+    Effect.gen(function* () {
+      const response = yield* LLMClient.generate(
+        LLM.request({ model: responsesModel, prompt: "Reply with exactly one word: bonjour" }),
+      )
+
+      expect(response.text.toLowerCase()).toContain("bonjour")
+    }),
+  )
+
+  recorded.effect("responses calls a tool", () =>
+    Effect.gen(function* () {
+      const response = yield* LLMClient.generate(
+        LLM.request({
+          model: responsesModel,
+          prompt: "What is the weather in Paris? Use the lookup_weather tool.",
+          tools: [lookupWeather],
+        }),
+      )
+
+      const call = response.toolCalls.find((part) => part.name === "lookup_weather")
+      expect(call).toBeDefined()
+      expect(call?.input).toMatchObject({ city: "Paris" })
+    }),
+  )
+
+  recorded.effect("responses continues after a tool result", () =>
+    Effect.gen(function* () {
+      const response = yield* LLMClient.generate(
+        LLM.request({
+          model: responsesModel,
+          messages: [
+            Message.user("What is the weather in Paris?"),
+            Message.assistant([
+              ToolCallPart.make({ id: "call_paris_1", name: "lookup_weather", input: { city: "Paris" } }),
+            ]),
+            Message.tool({
+              id: "call_paris_1",
+              name: "lookup_weather",
+              result: "18C, light rain",
+              resultType: "text",
+            }),
+          ],
+          tools: [lookupWeather],
+        }),
+      )
+
+      expect(response.text.length).toBeGreaterThan(0)
+    }),
+  )
+})
@@ -156,14 +156,13 @@ describe("Gemini route", () => {
      expect(prepared.body.contents).toEqual([
        {
          role: "model",
-          parts: [{ functionCall: { id: undefined, name: "lookup", args: { query: "weather" } } }],
+          parts: [{ functionCall: { name: "lookup", args: { query: "weather" } } }],
        },
        {
          role: "user",
          parts: [
            {
              functionResponse: {
-                id: undefined,
                name: "lookup",
                response: { name: "lookup", content: "done" },
              },
@@ -201,8 +200,8 @@ describe("Gemini route", () => {
        {
          role: "model",
          parts: [
-            { functionCall: { id: undefined, name: "lookup", args: { query: "weather" } } },
-            { functionCall: { id: undefined, name: "lookup", args: { query: "time" } } },
+            { functionCall: { name: "lookup", args: { query: "weather" } } },
+            { functionCall: { name: "lookup", args: { query: "time" } } },
          ],
        },
        {
@@ -210,14 +209,12 @@ describe("Gemini route", () => {
          parts: [
            {
              functionResponse: {
-                id: undefined,
                name: "lookup",
                response: { name: "lookup", content: "sunny" },
              },
            },
            {
              functionResponse: {
-                id: undefined,
                name: "lookup",
                response: { name: "lookup", content: "noon" },
              },
@@ -228,6 +225,104 @@ describe("Gemini route", () => {
    }),
  )

+  it.effect("lowers function call ids for gemini 3 models", () =>
+    Effect.gen(function* () {
+      const prepared = yield* compileRequest(
+        LLM.request({
+          model: gemini3,
+          messages: [
+            Message.assistant([ToolCallPart.make({ id: "call_1", name: "lookup", input: { query: "weather" } })]),
+            Message.tool({ id: "call_1", name: "lookup", result: "done", resultType: "text" }),
+          ],
+        }),
+      )
+
+      expect(prepared.body.contents).toEqual([
+        {
+          role: "model",
+          parts: [
+            {
+              functionCall: { id: "call_1", name: "lookup", args: { query: "weather" } },
+              thoughtSignature: "skip_thought_signature_validator",
+            },
+          ],
+        },
+        {
+          role: "user",
+          parts: [
+            {
+              functionResponse: {
+                id: "call_1",
+                name: "lookup",
+                response: { name: "lookup", content: "done" },
+              },
+            },
+          ],
+        },
+      ])
+    }),
+  )
+
+  it.effect("omits function call ids entirely for pre-gemini-3 models", () =>
+    Effect.gen(function* () {
+      const messages = [
+        Message.assistant([ToolCallPart.make({ id: "call_1", name: "lookup", input: { query: "weather" } })]),
+        Message.tool({ id: "call_1", name: "lookup", result: "done", resultType: "text" }),
+      ]
+      const legacy = yield* compileRequest(LLM.request({ model, messages }))
+      const older = yield* compileRequest(
+        LLM.request({
+          model: Gemini.route
+            .with({
+              endpoint: { baseURL: "https://generativelanguage.test/v1beta/" },
+              auth: Auth.header("x-goog-api-key", "test"),
+            })
+            .model({ id: "gemini-1.5-flash" }),
+          messages,
+        }),
+      )
+
+      expect(legacy.body.contents).toEqual([
+        { role: "model", parts: [{ functionCall: { name: "lookup", args: { query: "weather" } } }] },
+        {
+          role: "user",
+          parts: [{ functionResponse: { name: "lookup", response: { name: "lookup", content: "done" } } }],
+        },
+      ])
+      expect(JSON.stringify(legacy.body.contents)).not.toContain('"id"')
+      expect(JSON.stringify(older.body.contents)).not.toContain('"id"')
+    }),
+  )
+
+  it.effect("includes function call ids for non-gemini model ids", () =>
+    Effect.gen(function* () {
+      const prepared = yield* compileRequest(
+        LLM.request({
+          model: Gemini.route
+            .with({
+              endpoint: { baseURL: "https://generativelanguage.test/v1beta/" },
+              auth: Auth.header("x-goog-api-key", "test"),
+            })
+            .model({ id: "gemma-3-27b-it" }),
+          messages: [
+            Message.assistant([ToolCallPart.make({ id: "call_1", name: "lookup", input: { query: "weather" } })]),
+            Message.tool({ id: "call_1", name: "lookup", result: "done", resultType: "text" }),
+          ],
+        }),
+      )
+
+      expect(prepared.body.contents).toEqual([
+        { role: "model", parts: [{ functionCall: { id: "call_1", name: "lookup", args: { query: "weather" } } }] },
+        {
+          role: "user",
+          parts: [
+            { functionResponse: { id: "call_1", name: "lookup", response: { name: "lookup", content: "done" } } },
+          ],
+        },
+      ])
+    }),
+  )
+
  it.effect("prepares multimodal user input and tool history", () =>
    Effect.gen(function* () {
      const prepared = yield* compileRequest(
@@ -419,13 +514,16 @@ describe("Gemini route", () => {
      expect(prepared.body.contents).toEqual([
        {
          role: "model",
-          parts: [{ functionCall: { name: "read", args: { path: "pixel.png" } }, thoughtSignature: "sig_1" }],
+          parts: [
+            { functionCall: { id: "call_image", name: "read", args: { path: "pixel.png" } }, thoughtSignature: "sig_1" },
+          ],
        },
        {
          role: "user",
          parts: [
            {
              functionResponse: {
+                id: "call_image",
                name: "read",
                response: { name: "read", content: "Image read successfully" },
                parts: [{ inlineData: { mimeType: "image/png", data: "AAECAw==" } }],
@@ -849,7 +947,7 @@ describe("Gemini route", () => {
      })
      expect(toolCall).toMatchObject({
        id: "provider_call",
-        providerMetadata: { google: { functionCallId: "provider_call", thoughtSignature: "tool_sig" } },
+        providerMetadata: { google: { thoughtSignature: "tool_sig" } },
      })
      expect(response.events.findIndex((event) => event.type === "reasoning-end")).toBeLessThan(
        response.events.findIndex((event) => event.type === "tool-call"),
@@ -857,7 +955,7 @@ describe("Gemini route", () => {

      const prepared = yield* compileRequest(
        LLM.request({
-          model,
+          model: gemini3,
          messages: [
            Message.assistant([
              { type: "reasoning", text: "thinking", providerMetadata: reasoningEnd?.providerMetadata },
@@ -873,7 +971,6 @@ describe("Gemini route", () => {
              name: "lookup",
              result: "done",
              resultType: "text",
-              providerMetadata: toolCall?.providerMetadata,
            }),
          ],
        }),
@@ -977,7 +1074,7 @@ describe("Gemini route", () => {
          role: "model",
          parts: [
            {
-              functionCall: { id: undefined, name: "lookup", args: { query: "weather" } },
+              functionCall: { id: "tool_0", name: "lookup", args: { query: "weather" } },
              thoughtSignature: "skip_thought_signature_validator",
            },
          ],
@@ -987,7 +1084,7 @@ describe("Gemini route", () => {
          parts: [
            {
              functionResponse: {
-                id: undefined,
+                id: "tool_0",
                name: "lookup",
                response: { name: "lookup", content: "done" },
              },
@@ -1023,15 +1120,15 @@ describe("Gemini route", () => {
          role: "model",
          parts: [
            {
-              functionCall: { id: undefined, name: "lookup", args: { query: "weather" } },
+              functionCall: { id: "tool_0", name: "lookup", args: { query: "weather" } },
              thoughtSignature: "parallel_signature",
            },
            {
-              functionCall: { id: undefined, name: "lookup", args: { query: "news" } },
+              functionCall: { id: "tool_1", name: "lookup", args: { query: "news" } },
              thoughtSignature: undefined,
            },
            {
-              functionCall: { id: undefined, name: "lookup", args: { query: "sports" } },
+              functionCall: { id: "tool_2", name: "lookup", args: { query: "sports" } },
              thoughtSignature: undefined,
            },
          ],
@@ -1059,11 +1156,11 @@ describe("Gemini route", () => {
          role: "model",
          parts: [
            {
-              functionCall: { id: undefined, name: "lookup", args: { query: "weather" } },
+              functionCall: { id: "tool_0", name: "lookup", args: { query: "weather" } },
              thoughtSignature: "skip_thought_signature_validator",
            },
            {
-              functionCall: { id: undefined, name: "lookup", args: { query: "news" } },
+              functionCall: { id: "tool_1", name: "lookup", args: { query: "news" } },
              thoughtSignature: "skip_thought_signature_validator",
            },
          ],
@@ -1214,7 +1311,6 @@ describe("Gemini route", () => {
        id: "call_0",
        name: "lookup",
        input: { query: "weather" },
-        providerMetadata: { google: { functionCallId: "call_0" } },
      })
      expect(response.toolCalls[1]).toMatchObject({
        type: "tool-call",
@@ -1230,6 +1326,37 @@ describe("Gemini route", () => {
    }),
  )

+  it.effect("replaces repeated supplier ids with fresh fallback ids", () =>
+    Effect.gen(function* () {
+      const body = sseEvents({
+        candidates: [
+          {
+            content: {
+              role: "model",
+              parts: [
+                { functionCall: { id: "dup_call", name: "lookup", args: { query: "weather" } } },
+                { functionCall: { id: "dup_call", name: "lookup", args: { query: "news" } } },
+              ],
+            },
+            finishReason: "STOP",
+          },
+        ],
+      })
+      const response = yield* LLMClient.generate(
+        LLMRequest.update(request, {
+          tools: [ToolDefinition.make({ name: "lookup", description: "Lookup data", inputSchema: { type: "object" } })],
+        }),
+      ).pipe(Effect.provide(fixedResponse(body)))
+
+      expect(response.toolCalls[0]).toMatchObject({
+        id: "dup_call",
+        providerMetadata: undefined,
+      })
+      expect(response.toolCalls[1].id).toMatch(/^tool_[0-9a-zA-Z]+$/)
+      expect(response.toolCalls[1].id).not.toBe(response.toolCalls[0].id)
+    }),
+  )
+
  it.effect("assigns distinct unique fallback ids across separate requests", () =>
    Effect.gen(function* () {
      const body = sseEvents({
@@ -1365,6 +1492,73 @@ describe("Gemini route", () => {
    }),
  )

+  it.effect("survives explicit null usage counts", () =>
+    Effect.gen(function* () {
+      const response = yield* LLMClient.generate(request).pipe(
+        Effect.provide(
+          fixedResponse(
+            sseEvents(
+              { candidates: [{ content: { role: "model", parts: [{ text: "Hi" }] } }] },
+              { usageMetadata: { promptTokenCount: null, candidatesTokenCount: 5 } },
+            ),
+          ),
+        ),
+      )
+
+      expect(response.text).toBe("Hi")
+      expect(response.usage).toMatchObject({ outputTokens: 5, totalTokens: 5 })
+      expect(response.usage?.inputTokens).toBeUndefined()
+      expect(response.usage?.nonCachedInputTokens).toBeUndefined()
+      expect(response.usage?.cacheReadInputTokens).toBeUndefined()
+      expect(response.usage?.reasoningTokens).toBeUndefined()
+    }),
+  )
+
+  it.effect("survives null candidates, content, parts, and finish reason", () =>
+    Effect.gen(function* () {
+      const response = yield* LLMClient.generate(request).pipe(
+        Effect.provide(
+          fixedResponse(
+            sseEvents(
+              { candidates: null },
+              { candidates: [{ content: { role: "model", parts: null } }] },
+              { candidates: [{ content: null, finishReason: null }] },
+              {
+                candidates: [
+                  { content: { role: "model", parts: [{ text: "Hello" }] }, finishReason: "STOP" as const },
+                ],
+              },
+            ),
+          ),
+        ),
+      )
+
+      expect(response.text).toBe("Hello")
+      expect(response.finishReason).toEqual({ normalized: "stop", raw: "STOP" })
+    }),
+  )
+
+  it.effect("treats a null thought flag on a text part as visible output", () =>
+    Effect.gen(function* () {
+      const response = yield* LLMClient.generate(request).pipe(
+        Effect.provide(
+          fixedResponse(
+            sseEvents({
+              candidates: [
+                { content: { role: "model", parts: [{ text: "Visible", thought: null }] }, finishReason: "STOP" },
+              ],
+            }),
+          ),
+        ),
+      )
+      const reasoningStart = response.events.find((event) => event.type === "reasoning-start")
+
+      expect(reasoningStart).toBeUndefined()
+      expect(response.reasoning ?? "").toBe("")
+      expect(response.text).toBe("Visible")
+    }),
+  )
+
  it.effect("fails invalid stream events", () =>
    Effect.gen(function* () {
      const error = yield* LLMClient.generate(request).pipe(
@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+import { describe, expect } from "bun:test"
+import { Effect } from "effect"
+
+import { LLM, Message, ToolDefinition, ToolCallPart } from "../../src/index.js"
+import { GoogleVertex } from "../../src/providers.js"
+import { LLMClient } from "../../src/route.js"
+import { recordedTests } from "../recorded-test.js"
+
+const model = GoogleVertex.configure({
+  apiKey: process.env.GOOGLE_VERTEX_API_KEY ?? "fixture",
+}).model("gemini-3.5-flash")
+
+const lookupWeather = ToolDefinition.make({
+  name: "lookup_weather",
+  description: "Look up the current weather for a city",
+  inputSchema: { type: "object", properties: { city: { type: "string" } }, required: ["city"] },
+})
+
+const recorded = recordedTests({
+  prefix: "google-vertex",
+  provider: "google-vertex",
+  protocol: "gemini",
+  requires: ["GOOGLE_VERTEX_API_KEY"],
+})
+
+describe("Google Vertex Gemini recorded", () => {
+  recorded.effect("streams text", () =>
+    Effect.gen(function* () {
+      const response = yield* LLMClient.generate(
+        LLM.request({ model, prompt: "Reply with exactly one word: hello" }),
+      )
+
+      expect(response.text.toLowerCase()).toContain("hello")
+    }),
+  )
+
+  recorded.effect("calls a tool", () =>
+    Effect.gen(function* () {
+      const response = yield* LLMClient.generate(
+        LLM.request({
+          model,
+          prompt: "What is the weather in Paris? Use the lookup_weather tool.",
+          tools: [lookupWeather],
+        }),
+      )
+
+      const call = response.toolCalls.find((part) => part.name === "lookup_weather")
+      expect(call).toBeDefined()
+      expect(call?.input).toMatchObject({ city: "Paris" })
+    }),
+  )
+
+  recorded.effect("continues after a tool result", () =>
+    Effect.gen(function* () {
+      const response = yield* LLMClient.generate(
+        LLM.request({
+          model,
+          messages: [
+            Message.user("What is the weather in Paris?"),
+            Message.assistant([
+              ToolCallPart.make({ id: "call_paris_1", name: "lookup_weather", input: { city: "Paris" } }),
+            ]),
+            Message.tool({
+              id: "call_paris_1",
+              name: "lookup_weather",
+              result: "18C, light rain",
+              resultType: "text",
+            }),
+          ],
+          tools: [lookupWeather],
+        }),
+      )
+
+      expect(response.text.length).toBeGreaterThan(0)
+    }),
+  )
+})
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { describe, expect } from "bun:test"
 import { Effect } from "effect"
 import { HttpClientRequest } from "effect/unstable/http"
-import { LLM } from "../../src/index.js"
+import { LLM, Message, ToolCallPart } from "../../src/index.js"
 import { GoogleVertex, GoogleVertexChat, GoogleVertexMessages, GoogleVertexResponses } from "../../src/providers.js"
 import { LLMClient } from "../../src/route.js"
 import { compileRequest } from "../../src/route/client.js"
@@ -75,6 +75,53 @@ describe("Google Vertex providers", () => {
    }),
  )

+  it.effect("strips function call ids Vertex does not accept from lowered bodies", () =>
+    Effect.gen(function* () {
+      const prepared = yield* compileRequest(
+        LLM.request({
+          model: GoogleVertex.configure({
+            accessToken: "vertex-token",
+            project: "vertex-project",
+          }).model("gemini-3.5-flash"),
+          messages: [
+            Message.assistant([
+              ToolCallPart.make({
+                id: "call_1",
+                name: "lookup",
+                input: { query: "weather" },
+                providerMetadata: { google: { functionCallId: "provider_call_1" } },
+              }),
+            ]),
+            Message.tool({
+              id: "call_1",
+              name: "lookup",
+              result: "sunny",
+              resultType: "text",
+              providerMetadata: { google: { functionCallId: "provider_call_1" } },
+            }),
+          ],
+        }),
+      )
+
+      expect(JSON.stringify(prepared.body.contents)).not.toContain('"id"')
+      expect(prepared.body.contents).toMatchObject([
+        { role: "model", parts: [{ functionCall: { id: undefined, name: "lookup", args: { query: "weather" } } }] },
+        {
+          role: "user",
+          parts: [
+            {
+              functionResponse: {
+                id: undefined,
+                name: "lookup",
+                response: { name: "lookup", content: "sunny" },
+              },
+            },
+          ],
+        },
+      ])
+    }),
+  )
+
  it.effect("projects Anthropic Messages onto the Vertex raw-predict API", () =>
    Effect.gen(function* () {
      const model = GoogleVertexMessages.configure({
@@ -190,6 +237,7 @@ describe("Google Vertex providers", () => {
              })
              return input.respond(
                sseEvents(
+                  { type: "response.output_item.added", item: { type: "message", id: "msg_1" } },
                  { type: "response.output_text.delta", item_id: "msg_1", delta: "Hello." },
                  { type: "response.completed", response: { id: "resp_1" } },
                ),
@@ -342,6 +342,7 @@ describe("OpenAI Chat route", () => {
          },
          { role: "tool", tool_call_id: "call_1", content: encodeJson({ forecast: "sunny" }) },
        ],
+        tools: [],
        stream: true,
        stream_options: { include_usage: true },
      })
@@ -78,6 +78,45 @@ describe("Open Responses-compatible route", () => {
    }),
  )

+  it.effect("uses data URLs for embedded PDF messages and tool results", () =>
+    Effect.gen(function* () {
+      const model = configure({
+        apiKey: "test-key",
+        baseURL: "https://responses.example.test/v1",
+        provider: "example",
+      }).model("example-model")
+      const pdf = "data:application/pdf;base64,JVBERi0xLjQ="
+      const prepared = yield* compileRequest(
+        LLM.request({
+          model,
+          messages: [
+            Message.user([{ type: "media", mediaType: "application/pdf", data: pdf, filename: "input.pdf" }]),
+            Message.assistant({ type: "tool-call", id: "call_1", name: "read", input: {} }),
+            Message.tool({
+              id: "call_1",
+              name: "read",
+              resultType: "content",
+              result: [{ type: "file", uri: pdf, mime: "application/pdf", name: "result.pdf" }],
+            }),
+          ],
+        }),
+      )
+
+      expect(prepared.body.input).toEqual([
+        {
+          role: "user",
+          content: [{ type: "input_file", filename: "input.pdf", file_data: pdf }],
+        },
+        { type: "function_call", call_id: "call_1", name: "read", arguments: "{}" },
+        {
+          type: "function_call_output",
+          call_id: "call_1",
+          output: [{ type: "input_file", filename: "result.pdf", file_data: pdf }],
+        },
+      ])
+    }),
+  )
+
  it.effect("rejects OpenAI-native tools", () =>
    Effect.gen(function* () {
      const model = configure({
@@ -114,7 +153,12 @@ describe("Open Responses-compatible route", () => {

      expect(prepared.body).toMatchObject({
        input: [
-          { type: "message", role: "assistant", content: [{ type: "output_text", text: "Unclassified." }], phase: null },
+          {
+            type: "message",
+            role: "assistant",
+            content: [{ type: "output_text", text: "Unclassified." }],
+            phase: null,
+          },
        ],
      })
    }),
@@ -189,6 +233,7 @@ describe("Open Responses-compatible route", () => {
          streamOptions: { includeObfuscation: false },
          topLogprobs: 3,
          truncation: "auto",
+          serviceTier: "provider-tier",
          allowedTools: { toolNames: ["lookup"] },
          maxToolCalls: 2,
          parallelToolCalls: false,
@@ -213,6 +258,7 @@ describe("Open Responses-compatible route", () => {
        presence_penalty: 0.2,
        frequency_penalty: -0.1,
        truncation: "auto",
+        service_tier: "provider-tier",
        tool_choice: {
          type: "allowed_tools",
          mode: "auto",
@@ -188,17 +188,15 @@ describe("OpenAI Responses route", () => {
    }),
  )

-  it.effect("omits unsupported semantic service tiers", () =>
+  it.effect("passes through provider-defined service tiers", () =>
    Effect.gen(function* () {
-      const prepared = yield* compileRequest(
-        LLMRequest.update(request, { providerOptions: { serviceTier: "unsupported" } }),
-      )
+      const prepared = yield* compileRequest(LLMRequest.update(request, { providerOptions: { serviceTier: "scale" } }))

-      expect(prepared.body).not.toHaveProperty("service_tier")
+      expect(prepared.body.service_tier).toBe("scale")
    }),
  )

-  it.effect("flattens top-level object unions in function schemas", () =>
+  it.effect("preserves function schemas", () =>
    Effect.gen(function* () {
      const prepared = yield* compileRequest(
        LLMRequest.update(request, {
@@ -238,13 +236,22 @@ describe("OpenAI Responses route", () => {
          strict: false,
          parameters: {
            type: "object",
-            properties: {
-              path: { type: "string" },
-              reference: { type: "string" },
-              limit: { type: "integer", maximum: 2000 },
-              resource: { type: "string" },
-            },
-            additionalProperties: false,
+            anyOf: [
+              {
+                type: "object",
+                properties: {
+                  path: { type: "string" },
+                  reference: { anyOf: [{ type: "string" }, { type: "null" }] },
+                  limit: { type: "integer", maximum: 2000 },
+                },
+                required: ["path"],
+              },
+              {
+                type: "object",
+                properties: { resource: { type: "string" }, limit: { type: "integer", maximum: 51200 } },
+                required: ["resource"],
+              },
+            ],
          },
        },
      ])
@@ -314,6 +321,10 @@ describe("OpenAI Responses route", () => {
              }),
            messages: Stream.fromArray([
              ProviderShared.encodeJson({ type: "response.created", response: { id: "resp_ws" } }),
+              ProviderShared.encodeJson({
+                type: "response.output_item.added",
+                item: { type: "message", id: "msg_1" },
+              }),
              ProviderShared.encodeJson({ type: "response.output_text.delta", item_id: "msg_1", delta: "Hi" }),
              ProviderShared.encodeJson({ type: "response.completed", response: { id: "resp_ws" } }),
            ]),
@@ -394,6 +405,38 @@ describe("OpenAI Responses route", () => {
    }),
  )

+  it.effect("tolerates keepalive frames before response.created", () =>
+    Effect.gen(function* () {
+      const webSocket = WebSocketTransport.makeDirect({
+        open: () =>
+          Effect.succeed({
+            sendText: () => Effect.void,
+            messages: Stream.fromArray([
+              ProviderShared.encodeJson({ type: "keepalive", sequence_number: 0 }),
+              ProviderShared.encodeJson({ type: "response.created", response: { id: "resp_alive" } }),
+              ProviderShared.encodeJson({
+                type: "response.completed",
+                response: { id: "resp_alive", usage: { input_tokens: 1, output_tokens: 1 } },
+              }),
+            ]),
+            close: Effect.void,
+          }),
+      })
+      const deps = Layer.succeed(
+        RequestExecutor.Service,
+        RequestExecutor.Service.of({ execute: () => Effect.die("unexpected HTTP request") }),
+      )
+      const model = OpenAI.configure({ baseURL: "https://api.openai.test/v1/", apiKey: "test" }).responses(
+        "gpt-4.1-mini",
+      )
+
+      const response = yield* LLMClient.generate(LLM.request({ model, prompt: "hi" }), { webSocket }).pipe(
+        Effect.provide(LLMClient.layer.pipe(Layer.provide(deps))),
+      )
+      expect(response.finishReason?.normalized).toBe("stop")
+    }),
+  )
+
  it.effect("continues a tool call with only the new tool output", () =>
    Effect.gen(function* () {
      const firstRequest = {
@@ -1273,7 +1316,7 @@ describe("OpenAI Responses route", () => {
        {
          type: "input_file",
          filename: "report.pdf",
-          file_data: "JVBERi0xLjQ=",
+          file_data: "data:application/pdf;base64,JVBERi0xLjQ=",
        },
      ])
    }),
@@ -1300,7 +1343,7 @@ describe("OpenAI Responses route", () => {
      )

      expect(expectToolOutput(prepared.body).output).toEqual([
-        { type: "input_file", filename: "report.pdf", file_data: base64 },
+        { type: "input_file", filename: "report.pdf", file_data: dataUrl },
      ])
    }),
  )
@@ -1333,7 +1376,7 @@ describe("OpenAI Responses route", () => {
        {
          type: "input_file",
          filename: "report.pdf",
-          file_data: "JVBERi0xLjQ=",
+          file_data: "data:application/pdf;base64,JVBERi0xLjQ=",
        },
      ])
    }),
@@ -1358,7 +1401,7 @@ describe("OpenAI Responses route", () => {
      )

      expect(expectToolOutput(prepared.body).output).toEqual([
-        { type: "input_file", filename: "file", file_data: "AAECAw==" },
+        { type: "input_file", filename: "file", file_data: "data:audio/mpeg;base64,AAECAw==" },
      ])
    }),
  )
@@ -1626,6 +1669,7 @@ describe("OpenAI Responses route", () => {
  it.effect("parses text and usage stream fixtures", () =>
    Effect.gen(function* () {
      const body = sseEvents(
+        { type: "response.output_item.added", item: { type: "message", id: "msg_1" } },
        { type: "response.output_text.delta", item_id: "msg_1", delta: "Hello" },
        { type: "response.output_text.delta", item_id: "msg_1", delta: "!" },
        {
@@ -1887,6 +1931,67 @@ describe("OpenAI Responses route", () => {
    }),
  )

+  it.effect("ignores deltas without a matching output item", () =>
+    Effect.gen(function* () {
+      const response = yield* LLMClient.generate(request).pipe(
+        Effect.provide(
+          fixedResponse(
+            sseEvents(
+              { type: "response.output_text.delta", item_id: "msg_missing", delta: "orphaned text" },
+              { type: "response.refusal.delta", item_id: "refusal_missing", delta: "orphaned refusal" },
+              {
+                type: "response.reasoning_summary_text.delta",
+                item_id: "rs_missing",
+                summary_index: 0,
+                delta: "orphaned reasoning",
+              },
+              {
+                type: "response.reasoning_summary_part.added",
+                item_id: "rs_still_missing",
+                summary_index: 0,
+              },
+              {
+                type: "response.reasoning_summary_text.delta",
+                item_id: "rs_still_missing",
+                summary_index: 0,
+                delta: "still orphaned reasoning",
+              },
+              {
+                type: "response.function_call_arguments.delta",
+                item_id: "fc_missing",
+                delta: '{"orphaned":true}',
+              },
+              { type: "response.completed", response: { id: "resp_1" } },
+            ),
+          ),
+        ),
+      )
+
+      expect(response.text).toBe("")
+      expect(response.message.content).toEqual([])
+      expect(response.events.some(LLMEvent.is.toolCall)).toBeFalse()
+    }),
+  )
+
+  it.effect("rejects function argument deltas without the spec-required item id", () =>
+    Effect.gen(function* () {
+      const error = yield* LLMClient.generate(request).pipe(
+        Effect.provide(
+          fixedResponse(
+            sseEvents(
+              { type: "response.function_call_arguments.delta", delta: "{}" },
+              { type: "response.completed", response: { id: "resp_1" } },
+            ),
+          ),
+        ),
+        Effect.flip,
+      )
+
+      expect(error.reason._tag).toBe("InvalidProviderOutput")
+      expect(error.message).toContain("response.function_call_arguments.delta is missing item_id")
+    }),
+  )
+
  it.effect("rejects reasoning events without the spec-required item id", () =>
    Effect.gen(function* () {
      const events = [
@@ -1942,8 +2047,10 @@ describe("OpenAI Responses route", () => {
        Effect.provide(
          fixedResponse(
            sseEvents(
+              { type: "response.output_item.added", item: { type: "message", id: "msg_1" } },
              { type: "response.output_text.delta", item_id: "msg_1", delta: "First" },
-              { type: "response.output_text.done", item_id: "msg_1" },
+              { type: "response.output_item.done", item: { type: "message", id: "msg_1" } },
+              { type: "response.output_item.added", item: { type: "message", id: "msg_2" } },
              { type: "response.output_text.delta", item_id: "msg_2", delta: "Second" },
              { type: "response.output_item.done", item: { type: "message", id: "msg_2" } },
              { type: "response.completed", response: { id: "resp_1" } },
@@ -1954,10 +2061,10 @@ describe("OpenAI Responses route", () => {

      expect(response.events.filter((event) => event.type.startsWith("text-"))).toEqual([
        { type: "text-start", id: "msg_1", providerMetadata: { openai: { itemId: "msg_1" } } },
-        { type: "text-delta", id: "msg_1", text: "First" },
-        { type: "text-end", id: "msg_1", providerMetadata: undefined },
+        { type: "text-delta", id: "msg_1", text: "First", providerMetadata: undefined },
+        { type: "text-end", id: "msg_1", providerMetadata: { openai: { itemId: "msg_1" } } },
        { type: "text-start", id: "msg_2", providerMetadata: { openai: { itemId: "msg_2" } } },
-        { type: "text-delta", id: "msg_2", text: "Second" },
+        { type: "text-delta", id: "msg_2", text: "Second", providerMetadata: undefined },
        { type: "text-end", id: "msg_2", providerMetadata: { openai: { itemId: "msg_2" } } },
      ])
    }),
@@ -1966,7 +2073,9 @@ describe("OpenAI Responses route", () => {
  it.effect("parses reasoning summary stream fixtures", () =>
    Effect.gen(function* () {
      const body = sseEvents(
+        { type: "response.output_item.added", item: { type: "reasoning", id: "rs_1" } },
        { type: "response.reasoning_summary_text.delta", item_id: "rs_1", delta: "thinking" },
+        { type: "response.output_item.added", item: { type: "message", id: "msg_1" } },
        { type: "response.output_text.delta", item_id: "msg_1", delta: "Hello" },
        { type: "response.reasoning_summary_text.done", item_id: "rs_1" },
        { type: "response.completed", response: { id: "resp_1" } },
@@ -1978,18 +2087,22 @@ describe("OpenAI Responses route", () => {
      expect(response.text).toBe("Hello")
      expect(response.events).toMatchObject([
        { type: "step-start", index: 0 },
-        { type: "reasoning-start", id: "rs_1" },
-        { type: "reasoning-delta", id: "rs_1", text: "thinking" },
+        { type: "reasoning-start", id: "rs_1:0" },
+        { type: "reasoning-delta", id: "rs_1:0", text: "thinking" },
        { type: "text-start", id: "msg_1" },
        { type: "text-delta", id: "msg_1", text: "Hello" },
-        { type: "reasoning-end", id: "rs_1" },
+        { type: "reasoning-end", id: "rs_1:0" },
        { type: "text-end", id: "msg_1" },
        { type: "step-finish", index: 0, reason: { normalized: "stop", raw: undefined } },
        { type: "finish", reason: { normalized: "stop", raw: undefined } },
      ])
      expect(response.events.filter((event) => event.type === "finish")).toHaveLength(1)
      expect(response.message.content).toEqual([
-        { type: "reasoning", text: "thinking" },
+        {
+          type: "reasoning",
+          text: "thinking",
+          providerMetadata: { openai: { itemId: "rs_1", reasoningEncryptedContent: null } },
+        },
        { type: "text", text: "Hello", providerMetadata: { openai: { itemId: "msg_1" } } },
      ])
    }),
@@ -2001,6 +2114,7 @@ describe("OpenAI Responses route", () => {
        Effect.provide(
          fixedResponse(
            sseEvents(
+              { type: "response.output_item.added", item: { type: "reasoning", id: "rs_1" } },
              { type: "response.reasoning_summary_text.delta", item_id: "rs_1", delta: "thinking" },
              {
                type: "response.output_item.done",
@@ -2020,7 +2134,7 @@ describe("OpenAI Responses route", () => {
      expect(response.events).toContainEqual(
        expect.objectContaining({
          type: "reasoning-end",
-          id: "rs_1",
+          id: "rs_1:0",
          providerMetadata: { openai: { itemId: "rs_1", reasoningEncryptedContent: "encrypted-state" } },
        }),
      )
@@ -2161,6 +2275,7 @@ describe("OpenAI Responses route", () => {
              })
              return input.respond(
                sseEvents(
+                  { type: "response.output_item.added", item: { type: "message", id: "msg_1" } },
                  { type: "response.output_text.delta", item_id: "msg_1", delta: "Parser now round-trips reasoning." },
                  { type: "response.completed", response: { id: "resp_1" } },
                ),
@@ -2272,6 +2387,44 @@ describe("OpenAI Responses route", () => {
    }),
  )

+  it.effect("continues stateless hosted tool results with their text form", () =>
+    Effect.gen(function* () {
+      const prepared = yield* compileRequest(
+        LLM.request({
+          model,
+          messages: [
+            Message.user("Search."),
+            Message.assistant([
+              ToolCallPart.make({
+                id: "ws_1",
+                name: "web_search",
+                input: { query: "effect 4" },
+                providerExecuted: true,
+                providerMetadata: { openai: { itemId: "ws_1" } },
+              }),
+              {
+                type: "tool-result",
+                id: "ws_1",
+                name: "web_search",
+                result: { type: "json", value: { type: "web_search_call", id: "ws_1", status: "completed" } },
+                providerExecuted: true,
+                providerMetadata: { openai: { itemId: "ws_1" } },
+              },
+            ]),
+            Message.user("Continue."),
+          ],
+          providerOptions: { store: false },
+        }),
+      )
+
+      expect(prepared.body.input).toEqual([
+        { role: "user", content: [{ type: "input_text", text: "Search." }] },
+        { role: "user", content: [{ type: "input_text", text: '{"type":"web_search_call","id":"ws_1","status":"completed"}' }] },
+        { role: "user", content: [{ type: "input_text", text: "Continue." }] },
+      ])
+    }),
+  )
+
  it.effect("continues stateless hosted image generation with the generated image", () =>
    Effect.gen(function* () {
      const imageTool = OpenAI.imageGeneration({ action: "edit" })
@@ -2652,6 +2805,47 @@ describe("OpenAI Responses route", () => {
    }),
  )

+  it.effect("decodes computer_call as provider-executed tool-call + tool-result", () =>
+    Effect.gen(function* () {
+      const item = {
+        type: "computer_call",
+        id: "computer_1",
+        call_id: "call_1",
+        status: "completed",
+        action: { type: "click", x: 100, y: 200 },
+      }
+      const response = yield* LLMClient.generate(request).pipe(
+        Effect.provide(
+          fixedResponse(
+            sseEvents(
+              { type: "response.output_item.done", item },
+              { type: "response.completed", response: { usage: { input_tokens: 5, output_tokens: 1 } } },
+            ),
+          ),
+        ),
+      )
+
+      expect(response.events.filter((event) => event.type === "tool-call" || event.type === "tool-result")).toEqual([
+        {
+          type: "tool-call",
+          id: "computer_1",
+          name: "computer_use",
+          input: { type: "click", x: 100, y: 200 },
+          providerExecuted: true,
+          providerMetadata: { openai: { itemId: "computer_1" } },
+        },
+        {
+          type: "tool-result",
+          id: "computer_1",
+          name: "computer_use",
+          result: { type: "json", value: item },
+          providerExecuted: true,
+          providerMetadata: { openai: { itemId: "computer_1" } },
+        },
+      ])
+    }),
+  )
+
  it.effect("decodes image generation output as image content", () =>
    Effect.gen(function* () {
      const item = {
@@ -2765,7 +2959,7 @@ describe("OpenAI Responses route", () => {
            {
              type: "input_file",
              filename: "report.pdf",
-              file_data: "JVBERi0xLjQ=",
+              file_data: "data:application/pdf;base64,JVBERi0xLjQ=",
            },
          ],
        },
@@ -2796,7 +2990,7 @@ describe("OpenAI Responses route", () => {
            {
              type: "input_file",
              filename: "report.pdf",
-              file_data: "JVBERi0xLjQ=",
+              file_data: "data:application/pdf;base64,JVBERi0xLjQ=",
            },
          ],
        },
@@ -2821,7 +3015,7 @@ describe("OpenAI Responses route", () => {
            {
              type: "input_file",
              filename: "file",
-              file_data: "AAECAw==",
+              file_data: "data:application/x-tar;base64,AAECAw==",
            },
          ],
        },
@@ -3029,14 +3223,14 @@ describe("OpenAI Responses route", () => {
    }),
  )

-  it.effect("falls back to the raw payload when both error and response are absent", () =>
+  it.effect("classifies a detail-free error event as a transient provider failure", () =>
    Effect.gen(function* () {
      const error = yield* LLMClient.generate(request).pipe(
-        Effect.provide(fixedResponse(sseEvents({ type: "error" }))),
+        Effect.provide(fixedResponse(sseEvents({ type: "error", sequence_number: 2 }))),
        Effect.flip,
      )

-      expect(error.reason).toMatchObject({ _tag: "UnknownProvider" })
+      expect(error.reason).toMatchObject({ _tag: "ProviderInternal" })
      expect(error.reason.message).toContain('"type":"error"')
      expect(error.body).toBe(error.reason.message)
    }),
@@ -30,6 +30,10 @@ describe("xAI Responses route", () => {
        Effect.provide(
          fixedResponse(
            sseEvents(
+              {
+                type: "response.output_item.added",
+                item: { type: "reasoning", id: "reasoning_1" },
+              },
              { type: "response.reasoning_text.delta", item_id: "reasoning_1", delta: "Considering." },
              { type: "response.reasoning_text.done", item_id: "reasoning_1" },
              {
@@ -191,7 +191,7 @@ describe("LLMClient tools", () => {
        success: Schema.String,
        execute: () => Effect.succeed("hello"),
      })
-      const providerMetadata = { google: { functionCallId: "provider_call" } }
+      const providerMetadata = { google: { thoughtSignature: "provider_sig" } }
      const dispatched = yield* ToolRuntime.dispatch(
        { tool },
        LLMEvent.toolCall({ id: "call_1", name: "tool", input: {}, providerMetadata }),
@@ -50,32 +50,7 @@ describe("tool schema projections", () => {
    })
  })

-  test("openai keeps one flat object top-level schema", () => {
-    expect(
-      ToolSchemaProjection.openAI({
-        anyOf: [
-          {
-            type: "object",
-            properties: {
-              path: { type: "string" },
-              maybe: { anyOf: [{ type: "string" }, { type: "null" }] },
-            },
-          },
-          { type: "object", properties: { resource: { type: "string" } } },
-        ],
-      }),
-    ).toEqual({
-      type: "object",
-      properties: {
-        path: { type: "string" },
-        maybe: { type: "string" },
-        resource: { type: "string" },
-      },
-      additionalProperties: false,
-    })
-  })
-
-  it.effect("applies model compatibility before protocol projection", () =>
+  it.effect("applies model compatibility without changing schema semantics", () =>
    Effect.gen(function* () {
      const model = OpenAIChat.route
        .with({ endpoint: { baseURL: "https://api.openai.test/v1/" }, auth: Auth.bearer("test") })
@@ -107,11 +82,15 @@ describe("tool schema projections", () => {

      expect(prepared.body.tools?.[0]?.function.parameters).toEqual({
        type: "object",
-        properties: {
-          tuple: { type: "array", items: { anyOf: [{ type: "string" }, { type: "number" }] } },
-          linked: { $ref: "#/$defs/Linked" },
-        },
-        additionalProperties: false,
+        anyOf: [
+          {
+            type: "object",
+            properties: {
+              tuple: { type: "array", items: { anyOf: [{ type: "string" }, { type: "number" }] } },
+              linked: { $ref: "#/$defs/Linked" },
+            },
+          },
+        ],
      })
    }),
  )
@@ -899,8 +899,26 @@ function provider() {
        name: "OpenCode",
        models: { "claude-opus-4-6": { id: "claude-opus-4-6", name: "Claude Opus 4.6", limit: { context: 200_000 } } },
      },
+      {
+        id: "company-gateway",
+        name: "Company Gateway",
+        models: {
+          "fast-nano": {
+            id: "fast-nano",
+            api: { id: "openai/gpt-5.4-nano" },
+            name: "GPT-5.4 nano",
+            limit: { context: 128_000 },
+          },
+          "long-context": {
+            id: "long-context",
+            api: { id: "company/long-context" },
+            name: "Company Gateway Extra Long Context Model for Narrow Timeline Layouts",
+            limit: { context: 128_000 },
+          },
+        },
+      },
    ],
-    connected: ["opencode"],
+    connected: ["opencode", "company-gateway"],
    default: { providerID: "opencode", modelID: "claude-opus-4-6" },
  }
 }
@@ -179,6 +179,7 @@ async function expectMountedTree(page: Page, total: number) {
 }

 async function expectSideGeometry(page: Page) {
+  await expectPanelGap(page, 8)
  const geometry = await page.evaluate(() => {
    const review = document.querySelector<HTMLElement>("#review-panel")!.getBoundingClientRect()
    const terminal = document.querySelector<HTMLElement>("#terminal-panel")!.getBoundingClientRect()
@@ -188,15 +189,20 @@ async function expectSideGeometry(page: Page) {
      terminalLeft: terminal.left,
      terminalRight: terminal.right,
      terminalTop: terminal.top,
+      terminalBottom: terminal.bottom,
      reviewTop: review.top,
+      reviewBottom: review.bottom,
    }
  })
  expect(Math.abs(geometry.terminalLeft - geometry.reviewLeft)).toBeLessThanOrEqual(1)
  expect(Math.abs(geometry.terminalRight - geometry.reviewRight)).toBeLessThanOrEqual(1)
  expect(geometry.terminalTop).toBeGreaterThan(geometry.reviewTop)
+  expect(geometry.terminalTop - geometry.reviewBottom).toBeGreaterThanOrEqual(7)
+  expect(geometry.terminalTop - geometry.reviewBottom).toBeLessThanOrEqual(9)
 }

 async function expectBottomGeometry(page: Page) {
+  await expectPanelGap(page, 8)
  const geometry = await page.evaluate(() => {
    const review = document.querySelector<HTMLElement>("#review-panel")!
    const terminal = document.querySelector<HTMLElement>("#terminal-panel")!
@@ -226,6 +232,30 @@ async function expectBottomGeometry(page: Page) {
  expect(geometry.sidebar).toBeGreaterThanOrEqual(240)
 }

+async function expectPanelGap(page: Page, expected: number) {
+  await expect
+    .poll(() => {
+      return page.evaluate(() => {
+        const review = document.querySelector<HTMLElement>("#review-panel")?.getBoundingClientRect()
+        const terminal = document.querySelector<HTMLElement>("#terminal-panel")?.getBoundingClientRect()
+        if (!review || !terminal) return Number.NEGATIVE_INFINITY
+        const gap = terminal.top - review.bottom
+        return gap
+      })
+    })
+    .toBeGreaterThanOrEqual(expected - 1)
+  await expect
+    .poll(() => {
+      return page.evaluate(() => {
+        const review = document.querySelector<HTMLElement>("#review-panel")?.getBoundingClientRect()
+        const terminal = document.querySelector<HTMLElement>("#terminal-panel")?.getBoundingClientRect()
+        if (!review || !terminal) return Number.POSITIVE_INFINITY
+        return terminal.top - review.bottom
+      })
+    })
+    .toBeLessThanOrEqual(expected + 1)
+}
+
 function base64Encode(value: string) {
  return Buffer.from(value, "utf8").toString("base64").replace(/\+/g, "-").replace(/\//g, "_").replace(/=/g, "")
 }
@@ -250,6 +250,43 @@ test.describe("session timeline projection", () => {
    expect(rows).toEqual(["AssistantPart", "TurnDivider", "AssistantPart"])
  })

+  test("renders aliased and long custom model notices", async ({ page }) => {
+    const shortName = "GPT-5.4 nano"
+    const longName = "Company Gateway Extra Long Context Model for Narrow Timeline Layouts"
+    await setupTimeline(page, {
+      viewport: { width: 420, height: 700 },
+      sessionMessages: [
+        {
+          id: "msg_model_fast_nano",
+          type: "model-switched",
+          time: { created: 1700000000000 },
+          model: { providerID: "company-gateway", id: "fast-nano", variant: "xhigh" },
+        },
+        {
+          id: "msg_model_long_context",
+          type: "model-switched",
+          time: { created: 1700000001000 },
+          model: { providerID: "company-gateway", id: "long-context" },
+        },
+        userMessage(),
+        assistantMessage(),
+      ],
+    })
+
+    const shortNotice = page.locator('[data-slot="session-timeline-notice"]').filter({ hasText: shortName })
+    const longNotice = page.locator('[data-slot="session-timeline-notice"]').filter({ hasText: longName })
+    await expect(shortNotice).toBeVisible()
+    await expect(shortNotice.getByText(`Switched to ${shortName}`, { exact: true })).toBeVisible()
+    await expect(shortNotice.locator('[data-slot="session-timeline-notice-variant"]')).toHaveText("xhigh")
+    await expect(page.getByText("fast-nano", { exact: true })).toHaveCount(0)
+    await expect(shortNotice.locator('[data-component="provider-icon"]')).toBeVisible()
+    await expect(longNotice).toBeVisible()
+    await expect(longNotice.locator('[data-component="provider-icon"]')).toBeVisible()
+    await expect(longNotice.locator('[data-slot="session-timeline-notice-variant"]')).toHaveCount(0)
+    await expect(longNotice.locator("[title]")).toHaveAttribute("title", `Switched to ${longName}`)
+    await expect.poll(() => longNotice.evaluate((element) => element.scrollWidth <= element.clientWidth)).toBe(true)
+  })
+
  test("renders user image, file attachment, file reference, and agent reference", async ({ page }) => {
    const text = "Use @explore with @src/a.ts and inspect the attachments"
    const parts: PartSeed<"user">[] = [
@@ -243,7 +243,8 @@ test("focuses a terminal created from the new-terminal button", async ({ page })

  await page.getByRole("button", { name: "New terminal" }).click()
  await expect(page.getByRole("tab", { name: "Terminal 2" })).toHaveAttribute("aria-selected", "true")
-  await expect.poll(() => terminal.evaluate((element) => element.contains(document.activeElement))).toBe(true)
+  const active = page.locator(`#terminal-wrapper-${newPtyID} [data-component="terminal"]`)
+  await expect.poll(() => active.evaluate((element) => element.contains(document.activeElement))).toBe(true)
 })

 function seedCachedTerminal(page: Page) {
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import { expect, test } from "@playwright/test"
+import { expect, test, type Page } from "@playwright/test"
 import { mockOpenCodeServer } from "../utils/mock-server"
 import { expectSessionTitle } from "../utils/waits"

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ const sessionID = "ses_hidden_terminal_regression"
 const title = "Hidden terminal regression"
 const server = `http://${process.env.PLAYWRIGHT_SERVER_HOST ?? "127.0.0.1"}:${process.env.PLAYWRIGHT_SERVER_PORT ?? "4096"}`

-test("unmounts the terminal panel while it is hidden", async ({ page }) => {
+test("animates review and terminal panels while caching hidden terminal content", async ({ page }) => {
  await page.setViewportSize({ width: 1400, height: 900 })
  await mockOpenCodeServer(page, {
    directory,
@@ -42,6 +42,16 @@ test("unmounts the terminal panel while it is hidden", async ({ page }) => {
        time: { created: 1700000000000, updated: 1700000000000 },
      },
    ],
+    vcsDiff: [
+      {
+        file: "src/animation.ts",
+        additions: 1,
+        deletions: 1,
+        status: "modified",
+        patch:
+          "diff --git a/src/animation.ts b/src/animation.ts\n--- a/src/animation.ts\n+++ b/src/animation.ts\n@@ -1 +1 @@\n-export const value = 'before'\n+export const value = 'after'\n",
+      },
+    ],
    pageMessages: () => ({ items: [] }),
  })
  await page.route("**/api/pty*", (route) =>
@@ -94,24 +104,454 @@ test("unmounts the terminal panel while it is hidden", async ({ page }) => {

  await page.goto(`/server/${base64Encode(server)}/session/${sessionID}`)
  await expectSessionTitle(page, title)
+  await installMotionProbe(page)
+
+  const reviewToggle = page.getByRole("button", { name: "Toggle review" })
+  await reviewToggle.click()
+  await expect(page.locator("#review-panel")).toBeVisible()
+  await expectWidthMotions(page, 1)
+  await expectReviewWidthStable(page)
+  await expectLogicalSideAlignment(page, "ltr")
+  await page.evaluate(() => (document.documentElement.dir = "rtl"))
+  await expectLogicalSideAlignment(page, "rtl")
+  await page.evaluate(() => (document.documentElement.dir = "ltr"))

-  await page.keyboard.press("Control+Backquote")
  const panel = page.locator("#terminal-panel")
+  const terminalContent = page.locator('[data-component="terminal"]')
+  await page.keyboard.press("Control+Backquote")
+  await expect(panel).toBeVisible()
+  await expect(terminalContent).toBeVisible()
+  await terminalContent.evaluate((element) => element.setAttribute("data-cache-probe", "original"))
+  await expectHeightMotions(page, "session-side-region", 1)
+  await expectHeightMotions(page, "session-side-terminal-region", 1)
+  await expectStackedGeometry(page)
+  await expectPanelGapHeld(page)
+
+  await resetTerminalTopMotion(page)
+  await resetTerminalBottomMotion(page)
+  await resetTerminalAnchorGaps(page)
+  await resetPanelGaps(page)
+  const reviewContent = page.locator('[data-component="session-review-v2"]')
+  await reviewContent.evaluate((element) => element.setAttribute("data-cache-probe", "original"))
+  await reviewToggle.click()
+  await expect(page.locator("#review-panel")).toBeHidden()
+  await expect(reviewContent).toHaveAttribute("data-cache-probe", "original")
+  await expect(panel).toBeVisible()
+  await expectHeightMotions(page, "session-side-region", 2)
+  await expectHeightMotions(page, "session-side-terminal-region", 2)
+  await expectTerminalTopMotion(page)
+  await expectTerminalBottomFixed(page)
+  await expectTerminalTopAnchored(page)
+  await expectPanelGapHeld(page)
+  await reviewToggle.click()
+  await expect(page.locator("#review-panel")).toBeVisible()
+  await expect(reviewContent).toHaveAttribute("data-cache-probe", "original")
+  await expectHeightMotions(page, "session-side-region", 3)
+  await expectHeightMotions(page, "session-side-terminal-region", 3)
+
+  await resetTerminalContentSizes(page)
+  await resetPanelGaps(page)
+  await page.keyboard.press("Control+Backquote")
+  await expect(page.locator('[data-slot="side-terminal-panel-clip"]')).toHaveCSS("overflow", "clip")
+  await expectHeightMotions(page, "session-side-region", 4)
+  await expectHeightMotions(page, "session-side-terminal-region", 4)
+  await expect(panel).toBeHidden()
+  await expect(terminalContent).toHaveAttribute("data-cache-probe", "original")
+  await expectTerminalContentCachedSize(page)
+  await expectStackPainted(page)
+  await expectPanelGapHeld(page)
+  await expect(page.locator('[data-slot="session-side-panel-gap"]')).toHaveCSS("height", "0px")
+
+  await reviewToggle.click()
+  await expect(page.locator("#review-panel")).toHaveCount(0)
+  await expectWidthMotions(page, 2)
+  await expectSideSlideSettled(page, 2)
+  await expectHiddenSideAligned(page)
+
+  await resetHeightMotions(page)
+  await resetHorizontalScrolls(page)
+  await page.keyboard.press("Control+Backquote")
  await expect(panel).toHaveAttribute("aria-hidden", "false")
  await expect(page.locator('[data-component="terminal"]')).toBeVisible()
+  await expectWidthMotions(page, 3)
+  await expectSideSlideSettled(page, 3)
+  await expectNoHeightMotion(page)
+  await expectNoHorizontalScroll(page)

  await page.keyboard.press("Control+Backquote")
-  await expect(panel).toHaveCount(0)
-  await expect(page.locator('[data-component="terminal"]')).toHaveCount(0)
+  await expect(panel).toBeHidden()
+  await expect(terminalContent).toHaveAttribute("data-cache-probe", "original")
+  await expectWidthMotions(page, 4)

  await page.setViewportSize({ width: 1200, height: 700 })
-  await expect(page.locator('[data-component="terminal"]')).toHaveCount(0)
+  await expect(terminalContent).toHaveAttribute("data-cache-probe", "original")

  await page.keyboard.press("Control+Backquote")
  await expect(panel).toBeVisible()
-  await expect(page.locator('[data-component="terminal"]')).toBeVisible()
+  await expect(terminalContent).toBeVisible()
+  await expect(terminalContent).toHaveAttribute("data-cache-probe", "original")
+  await expectWidthMotions(page, 5)
+
+  await page.keyboard.press("Control+Backquote")
+  await expect(panel).toBeHidden()
+
+  await page.evaluate(() => {
+    const settings = JSON.parse(localStorage.getItem("settings.v3") ?? "{}")
+    localStorage.setItem(
+      "settings.v3",
+      JSON.stringify({ ...settings, general: { ...settings.general, terminalPlacement: "bottom" } }),
+    )
+  })
+  await page.reload()
+  await expectSessionTitle(page, title)
+  await installMotionProbe(page)
+
+  await page.keyboard.press("Control+Backquote")
+  await expect(panel).toBeVisible()
+  await expectAnimation(page, "terminal-panel-size-in")
+  await page.keyboard.press("Control+Backquote")
+  await expectAnimation(page, "terminal-panel-size-out")
+  await expect(panel).toBeHidden()
+  await expect(page.locator('[data-component="terminal"]')).toBeAttached()
 })

+type MotionProbe = {
+  widths: number
+  widthEnds: number
+  horizontalScrolls: number[]
+  reviewWidths: number[]
+  paintGaps: { review: number; terminalSurface: number }[]
+  terminalContentSizes: { width: number; height: number }[]
+  terminalAnchorGaps: number[]
+  resetAnchorOnMotion: boolean
+  panelGaps: number[]
+  terminalTops: number[]
+  terminalBottoms: number[]
+  heights: string[]
+  animations: string[]
+}
+
+async function installMotionProbe(page: Page) {
+  await page.evaluate(() => {
+    const probe: MotionProbe = {
+      widths: 0,
+      widthEnds: 0,
+      horizontalScrolls: [],
+      reviewWidths: [],
+      paintGaps: [],
+      terminalContentSizes: [],
+      terminalAnchorGaps: [],
+      resetAnchorOnMotion: false,
+      panelGaps: [],
+      terminalTops: [],
+      terminalBottoms: [],
+      heights: [],
+      animations: [],
+    }
+    const observed = new WeakSet<Element>()
+    const observers: ResizeObserver[] = []
+    const observeReview = () => {
+      const review = document.querySelector('[data-component="session-review-v2"]')
+      if (!review || observed.has(review)) return
+      observed.add(review)
+      const observer = new ResizeObserver(([entry]) => probe.reviewWidths.push(entry.contentRect.width))
+      observer.observe(review)
+      observers.push(observer)
+    }
+    const observedRegions = new WeakSet<Element>()
+    const observeStack = () => {
+      const reviewRegion = document.querySelector<HTMLElement>('[data-slot="session-side-region"]')
+      const terminalRegion = document.querySelector<HTMLElement>('[data-slot="session-side-terminal-region"]')
+      if (!reviewRegion || !terminalRegion || observedRegions.has(reviewRegion)) return
+      observedRegions.add(reviewRegion)
+      const observer = new ResizeObserver(() => {
+        const review = document.querySelector<HTMLElement>("#review-panel")
+        const terminal = document.querySelector<HTMLElement>("#terminal-panel")
+        const terminalContent = document.querySelector<HTMLElement>('[data-slot="terminal-panel-content"]')
+        const panelGap = document.querySelector<HTMLElement>('[data-slot="session-side-panel-gap"]')
+        if (!terminal || !terminalContent) return
+        probe.terminalTops.push(terminal.getBoundingClientRect().top)
+        probe.terminalBottoms.push(terminal.getBoundingClientRect().bottom)
+        probe.terminalContentSizes.push({
+          width: terminalContent.getBoundingClientRect().width,
+          height: terminalContent.getBoundingClientRect().height,
+        })
+        const anchorGap = Math.abs(terminal.getBoundingClientRect().top - terminalContent.getBoundingClientRect().top)
+        if (probe.resetAnchorOnMotion) {
+          if (anchorGap > 8) return
+          probe.terminalAnchorGaps = []
+          probe.resetAnchorOnMotion = false
+        }
+        probe.terminalAnchorGaps.push(anchorGap)
+        if (panelGap && terminalRegion.getBoundingClientRect().height > 1)
+          probe.panelGaps.push(panelGap.getBoundingClientRect().height)
+        if (!review) return
+        probe.paintGaps.push({
+          review: Math.abs(reviewRegion.getBoundingClientRect().height - review.getBoundingClientRect().height),
+          terminalSurface: Math.abs(
+            terminalRegion.getBoundingClientRect().height - terminal.getBoundingClientRect().height,
+          ),
+        })
+      })
+      observer.observe(reviewRegion)
+      observer.observe(terminalRegion)
+      observers.push(observer)
+    }
+    new MutationObserver(() => {
+      observeReview()
+      observeStack()
+    }).observe(document.body, { childList: true, subtree: true })
+    observeReview()
+    observeStack()
+    document.addEventListener("transitionrun", (event) => {
+      if (!(event.target instanceof Element)) return
+      const slot = event.target.getAttribute("data-slot")
+      if (event.propertyName === "width" && slot === "session-chat-panel") probe.widths++
+      if (event.propertyName === "height" && slot) {
+        probe.heights.push(slot)
+      }
+    })
+    document.addEventListener("transitionend", (event) => {
+      if (!(event.target instanceof Element)) return
+      if (event.propertyName === "width" && event.target.getAttribute("data-slot") === "session-chat-panel")
+        probe.widthEnds++
+    })
+    document.addEventListener("animationstart", (event) => {
+      if (!(event.target instanceof Element) || event.target.getAttribute("data-component") !== "terminal-panel") return
+      probe.animations.push(event.animationName)
+    })
+    window.addEventListener("scroll", () => probe.horizontalScrolls.push(window.scrollX))
+    ;(window as Window & { __panelMotion?: MotionProbe }).__panelMotion = probe
+  })
+}
+
+async function expectWidthMotions(page: Page, count: number) {
+  await expect
+    .poll(() => page.evaluate(() => (window as Window & { __panelMotion?: MotionProbe }).__panelMotion?.widths ?? 0))
+    .toBeGreaterThanOrEqual(count)
+}
+
+async function resetHeightMotions(page: Page) {
+  await page.evaluate(() => {
+    const probe = (window as Window & { __panelMotion?: MotionProbe }).__panelMotion
+    if (probe) probe.heights = []
+  })
+}
+
+async function expectSideSlideSettled(page: Page, count: number) {
+  await expect
+    .poll(() => page.evaluate(() => (window as Window & { __panelMotion?: MotionProbe }).__panelMotion?.widthEnds ?? 0))
+    .toBeGreaterThanOrEqual(count)
+}
+
+async function expectNoHeightMotion(page: Page) {
+  const heights = await page.evaluate(
+    () => (window as Window & { __panelMotion?: MotionProbe }).__panelMotion?.heights ?? [],
+  )
+  expect(heights).toEqual([])
+}
+
+async function expectHiddenSideAligned(page: Page) {
+  await expect
+    .poll(() =>
+      page.evaluate(() => {
+        const chat = document.querySelector<HTMLElement>('[data-slot="session-chat-panel"]')
+        const side = document.querySelector<HTMLElement>('[data-slot="session-side-panel-presence"]')
+        if (!chat?.parentElement || !side) return Number.POSITIVE_INFINITY
+        const row = chat.parentElement.getBoundingClientRect()
+        const hidden = side.getBoundingClientRect()
+        return Math.max(
+          Math.abs(row.top - hidden.top),
+          Math.abs(row.right - hidden.right),
+          Math.abs(row.bottom - hidden.bottom),
+        )
+      }),
+    )
+    .toBeLessThanOrEqual(1)
+}
+
+async function resetHorizontalScrolls(page: Page) {
+  await page.evaluate(() => {
+    const probe = (window as Window & { __panelMotion?: MotionProbe }).__panelMotion
+    if (probe) probe.horizontalScrolls = []
+  })
+}
+
+async function expectNoHorizontalScroll(page: Page) {
+  const scrolls = await page.evaluate(
+    () => (window as Window & { __panelMotion?: MotionProbe }).__panelMotion?.horizontalScrolls ?? [],
+  )
+  expect(Math.max(0, ...scrolls)).toBe(0)
+  expect(await page.evaluate(() => window.scrollX)).toBe(0)
+}
+
+async function expectReviewWidthStable(page: Page) {
+  const side = page.locator('[data-slot="session-side-panel-presence"]')
+  await expect
+    .poll(() => side.evaluate((element) => element.getAnimations().every((item) => item.playState === "finished")))
+    .toBe(true)
+  await expect
+    .poll(() =>
+      page.evaluate(() => (window as Window & { __panelMotion?: MotionProbe }).__panelMotion?.reviewWidths.length ?? 0),
+    )
+    .toBeGreaterThan(0)
+  const widths = await page.evaluate(
+    () => (window as Window & { __panelMotion?: MotionProbe }).__panelMotion?.reviewWidths.map(Math.round) ?? [],
+  )
+  expect(new Set(widths).size).toBe(1)
+}
+
+async function expectStackedGeometry(page: Page) {
+  await expect
+    .poll(() =>
+      page.evaluate(() => {
+        const review = document.querySelector<HTMLElement>("#review-panel")?.getBoundingClientRect()
+        const terminal = document.querySelector<HTMLElement>("#terminal-panel")?.getBoundingClientRect()
+        if (!review || !terminal) return Number.POSITIVE_INFINITY
+        return terminal.top - review.bottom
+      }),
+    )
+    .toBeLessThanOrEqual(9)
+  await expect
+    .poll(() =>
+      page.evaluate(() => {
+        const review = document.querySelector<HTMLElement>("#review-panel")?.getBoundingClientRect()
+        const terminal = document.querySelector<HTMLElement>("#terminal-panel")?.getBoundingClientRect()
+        if (!review || !terminal) return Number.NEGATIVE_INFINITY
+        return terminal.top - review.bottom
+      }),
+    )
+    .toBeGreaterThanOrEqual(7)
+}
+
+async function expectLogicalSideAlignment(page: Page, direction: "ltr" | "rtl") {
+  await expect
+    .poll(() =>
+      page.evaluate((direction) => {
+        const frame = document.querySelector('[data-slot="session-side-panel-presence"]')?.getBoundingClientRect()
+        const content = document.querySelector('[data-slot="session-side-panel-content"]')?.getBoundingClientRect()
+        if (!frame || !content) return Number.POSITIVE_INFINITY
+        return direction === "rtl" ? Math.abs(frame.right - content.right) : Math.abs(frame.left - content.left)
+      }, direction),
+    )
+    .toBeLessThanOrEqual(1)
+}
+
+async function expectStackPainted(page: Page) {
+  const gaps = await page.evaluate(
+    () => (window as Window & { __panelMotion?: MotionProbe }).__panelMotion?.paintGaps ?? [],
+  )
+  expect(gaps.length).toBeGreaterThan(0)
+  expect(Math.max(...gaps.map((gap) => gap.review))).toBeLessThanOrEqual(1)
+  expect(Math.max(...gaps.map((gap) => gap.terminalSurface)), JSON.stringify(gaps)).toBeLessThanOrEqual(1)
+}
+
+async function resetTerminalTopMotion(page: Page) {
+  await page.evaluate(() => {
+    const probe = (window as Window & { __panelMotion?: MotionProbe }).__panelMotion
+    if (probe) probe.terminalTops = []
+  })
+}
+
+async function resetTerminalBottomMotion(page: Page) {
+  await page.evaluate(() => {
+    const probe = (window as Window & { __panelMotion?: MotionProbe }).__panelMotion
+    if (probe) probe.terminalBottoms = []
+  })
+}
+
+async function expectTerminalBottomFixed(page: Page) {
+  const bottoms = await page.evaluate(
+    () => (window as Window & { __panelMotion?: MotionProbe }).__panelMotion?.terminalBottoms ?? [],
+  )
+  expect(bottoms.length).toBeGreaterThan(0)
+  expect(Math.max(...bottoms) - Math.min(...bottoms)).toBeLessThanOrEqual(1)
+}
+
+async function resetTerminalAnchorGaps(page: Page) {
+  await page.evaluate(() => {
+    const probe = (window as Window & { __panelMotion?: MotionProbe }).__panelMotion
+    if (probe) probe.resetAnchorOnMotion = true
+  })
+}
+
+async function resetPanelGaps(page: Page) {
+  await page.evaluate(() => {
+    const probe = (window as Window & { __panelMotion?: MotionProbe }).__panelMotion
+    if (probe) probe.panelGaps = []
+  })
+}
+
+async function expectPanelGapHeld(page: Page) {
+  const gaps = await page.evaluate(
+    () => (window as Window & { __panelMotion?: MotionProbe }).__panelMotion?.panelGaps ?? [],
+  )
+  expect(gaps.length).toBeGreaterThan(0)
+  expect(gaps.filter((gap) => gap >= 7 && gap <= 9).length / gaps.length).toBeGreaterThan(0.6)
+  expect(Math.min(...gaps)).toBeGreaterThanOrEqual(0)
+  expect(Math.max(...gaps)).toBeLessThanOrEqual(9)
+}
+
+async function expectTerminalTopAnchored(page: Page) {
+  const gaps = await page.evaluate(
+    () => (window as Window & { __panelMotion?: MotionProbe }).__panelMotion?.terminalAnchorGaps ?? [],
+  )
+  expect(gaps.length).toBeGreaterThan(0)
+  expect(Math.max(...gaps), JSON.stringify(gaps)).toBeLessThanOrEqual(8)
+}
+
+async function resetTerminalContentSizes(page: Page) {
+  await page.evaluate(() => {
+    const probe = (window as Window & { __panelMotion?: MotionProbe }).__panelMotion
+    if (probe) probe.terminalContentSizes = []
+  })
+}
+
+async function expectTerminalContentCachedSize(page: Page) {
+  const sizes = await page.evaluate(
+    () => (window as Window & { __panelMotion?: MotionProbe }).__panelMotion?.terminalContentSizes ?? [],
+  )
+  expect(sizes.length).toBeGreaterThan(0)
+  expect(Math.min(...sizes.map((size) => size.width))).toBeGreaterThan(100)
+  expect(Math.min(...sizes.map((size) => size.height))).toBeGreaterThan(100)
+}
+
+async function expectTerminalTopMotion(page: Page) {
+  const tops = await page.evaluate(
+    () => (window as Window & { __panelMotion?: MotionProbe }).__panelMotion?.terminalTops.map(Math.round) ?? [],
+  )
+  const unique = [...new Set(tops)]
+  const range = Math.max(...unique) - Math.min(...unique)
+  const maxDelta = Math.max(...unique.slice(1).map((value, index) => Math.abs(value - unique[index])))
+  expect(unique.length, JSON.stringify(unique)).toBeGreaterThan(6)
+  expect(maxDelta, JSON.stringify({ unique, range, maxDelta })).toBeLessThan(range * 0.3)
+}
+
+async function expectHeightMotions(page: Page, slot: string, count: number) {
+  await expect
+    .poll(() =>
+      page.evaluate(
+        (slot) =>
+          (window as Window & { __panelMotion?: MotionProbe }).__panelMotion?.heights.filter((value) => value === slot)
+            .length ?? 0,
+        slot,
+      ),
+    )
+    .toBeGreaterThanOrEqual(count)
+}
+
+async function expectAnimation(page: Page, name: string) {
+  await expect
+    .poll(() =>
+      page.evaluate(
+        (name) =>
+          (window as Window & { __panelMotion?: MotionProbe }).__panelMotion?.animations.includes(name) ?? false,
+        name,
+      ),
+    )
+    .toBe(true)
+}
+
 function base64Encode(value: string) {
  return Buffer.from(value, "utf8").toString("base64").replace(/\+/g, "-").replace(/\//g, "_").replace(/=/g, "")
 }
@@ -501,7 +501,7 @@ function currentModels(value: unknown) {
        return [
          {
            id: model.id,
-            modelID: model.id,
+            modelID: record(model.api) && typeof model.api.id === "string" ? model.api.id : model.id,
            providerID: provider.id,
            name: model.name,
            capabilities: { tools: true, input: ["text"], output: ["text"] },
@@ -33,6 +33,133 @@
 }

@layer components {
+  [data-slot="session-side-panel-presence"][data-opened="true"] {
+    animation: terminal-panel-presence-in 240ms cubic-bezier(0.22, 1, 0.36, 1);
+  }
+
+  [data-slot="session-side-panel-presence"][data-opened="false"] {
+    animation: terminal-panel-presence-out 240ms cubic-bezier(0.22, 1, 0.36, 1) forwards;
+  }
+
+  [data-slot="session-side-region-presence"][data-opened="true"] {
+    animation: side-region-presence-in 240ms cubic-bezier(0.22, 1, 0.36, 1);
+  }
+
+  [data-slot="session-side-region-presence"][data-opened="false"] {
+    animation: side-region-presence-out 240ms cubic-bezier(0.22, 1, 0.36, 1);
+  }
+
+  [data-slot="terminal-panel-presence"][data-opened="true"] {
+    animation: terminal-panel-presence-in 200ms cubic-bezier(0.22, 1, 0.36, 1);
+  }
+
+  [data-slot="terminal-panel-presence"][data-opened="false"] {
+    animation: terminal-panel-presence-out 200ms cubic-bezier(0.22, 1, 0.36, 1) forwards;
+  }
+
+  [data-slot="side-terminal-panel-presence"][data-opened="true"] {
+    animation: side-terminal-panel-presence-in 240ms cubic-bezier(0.22, 1, 0.36, 1);
+  }
+
+  [data-slot="side-terminal-panel-presence"][data-opened="false"] {
+    animation: side-terminal-panel-presence-out 240ms cubic-bezier(0.22, 1, 0.36, 1) forwards;
+  }
+
+  [data-component="terminal-panel"][data-size-animated="true"][data-opened="true"] {
+    animation: terminal-panel-size-in 200ms cubic-bezier(0.22, 1, 0.36, 1);
+  }
+
+  [data-component="terminal-panel"][data-size-animated="true"][data-opened="false"] {
+    animation: terminal-panel-size-out 200ms cubic-bezier(0.22, 1, 0.36, 1);
+  }
+
+  @media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
+    [data-slot="terminal-panel-presence"],
+    [data-slot="side-terminal-panel-presence"],
+    [data-slot="session-side-panel-presence"],
+    [data-slot="session-side-region-presence"],
+    [data-component="terminal-panel"] {
+      animation: none !important;
+    }
+  }
+
+  @keyframes terminal-panel-presence-in {
+    from {
+      opacity: 0;
+    }
+    to {
+      opacity: 1;
+    }
+  }
+
+  @keyframes terminal-panel-presence-out {
+    from {
+      opacity: 1;
+    }
+    to {
+      opacity: 0;
+    }
+  }
+
+  @keyframes side-terminal-panel-presence-in {
+    from {
+      opacity: 0.999999;
+    }
+    to {
+      opacity: 1;
+    }
+  }
+
+  @keyframes side-terminal-panel-presence-out {
+    from {
+      opacity: 1;
+    }
+    to {
+      opacity: 0.999999;
+      visibility: hidden;
+    }
+  }
+
+  @keyframes side-region-presence-in {
+    from {
+      opacity: 0;
+    }
+    0.01% {
+      opacity: 0.999999;
+    }
+    to {
+      opacity: 1;
+    }
+  }
+
+  @keyframes side-region-presence-out {
+    from {
+      opacity: 1;
+    }
+    to {
+      opacity: 0.999999;
+      visibility: hidden;
+    }
+  }
+
+  @keyframes terminal-panel-size-in {
+    from {
+      height: 0;
+    }
+    to {
+      height: var(--terminal-panel-height);
+    }
+  }
+
+  @keyframes terminal-panel-size-out {
+    from {
+      height: var(--terminal-panel-height);
+    }
+    to {
+      height: 0;
+    }
+  }
+
  [data-component="getting-started"] {
    container-type: inline-size;
    container-name: getting-started;
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { describe, expect, test } from "bun:test"
 import type { OpenCodeEvent } from "@opencode-ai/client/promise"
 import { createRoot } from "solid-js"
-import { createOpenCodeEventSource } from "./client"
+import { createOpenCodeEventSource, createServerTransport } from "./client"

 const permission = {
  id: "evt_permission",
@@ -84,3 +84,39 @@ describe("server event stream", () => {
    second.dispose()
  })
 })
+
+test("rotates HTTP and PTY clients together", async () => {
+  const requests: Array<{ url: string; authorization: string | null }> = []
+  const fetch = (async (input: string | URL | Request, init?: RequestInit) => {
+    const request = input instanceof Request ? input : new Request(input, init)
+    requests.push({ url: request.url, authorization: request.headers.get("authorization") })
+    return Response.json({ healthy: true, version: "2.0.0-test", pid: 1 })
+  }) as typeof globalThis.fetch
+  const transport = createServerTransport({
+    http: { url: "http://127.0.0.1:4100", username: "opencode", password: "first" },
+    fetch,
+  })
+  const initialPty = transport.pty
+
+  await transport.api.health.get()
+  const replacement = transport.update({
+    url: "http://127.0.0.1:4200",
+    username: "opencode",
+    password: "second",
+  })
+  await transport.api.health.get()
+
+  expect(replacement).toBe(transport.api)
+  expect(transport.pty).not.toBe(initialPty)
+  expect(transport.url).toBe("http://127.0.0.1:4200")
+  expect(requests).toEqual([
+    {
+      url: "http://127.0.0.1:4100/api/health",
+      authorization: `Basic ${btoa("opencode:first")}`,
+    },
+    {
+      url: "http://127.0.0.1:4200/api/health",
+      authorization: `Basic ${btoa("opencode:second")}`,
+    },
+  ])
+})
@@ -72,11 +72,12 @@ type ServerSDKBase = {

 function createServerSdkContextBase(server: ServerConnection.Any, scope: ServerScope): ServerSDKBase {
  const platform = usePlatform()
-  const api = createApiForServer({ server: server.http, fetch: platform.fetch })
-  const pty = createPtyClient(api, { url: server.http.url })
+  const transport = createServerTransport({ http: server.http, fetch: platform.fetch })
  const events = createOpenCodeEventSource()
+  const reconnect = server.type === "sidecar" && server.variant === "base" ? server.reconnect : undefined

-  const connection = createClientConnection(api, {
+  const connection = createClientConnection(transport.api, {
+    reconnect: reconnect ? async (signal) => transport.update(await reconnect(signal)) : undefined,
    flushInterval: 16,
    pageLifecycle: true,
    onEvent(event) {
@@ -85,7 +86,7 @@ function createServerSdkContextBase(server: ServerConnection.Any, scope: ServerS
    log: {
      info(message, data) {
        if (message !== "event stream disconnected") return
-        console.info("[global-sdk] event stream disconnected", { url: server.http.url, ...data })
+        console.info("[global-sdk] event stream disconnected", { url: transport.url, managed: !!reconnect, ...data })
      },
    },
  })
@@ -93,14 +94,48 @@ function createServerSdkContextBase(server: ServerConnection.Any, scope: ServerS
  return {
    server,
    scope,
-    url: server.http.url,
-    api,
-    pty,
+    get url() {
+      return transport.url
+    },
+    get api() {
+      return transport.api
+    },
+    get pty() {
+      return transport.pty
+    },
    connection,
    event: events.event,
  }
 }

+export function createServerTransport(input: { http: ServerConnection.HttpBase; fetch?: typeof globalThis.fetch }): {
+  update(http: ServerConnection.HttpBase): ServerApi
+  readonly url: string
+  readonly api: ServerApi
+  readonly pty: ReturnType<typeof createPtyClient>
+} {
+  const build = (http: ServerConnection.HttpBase) => {
+    const api = createApiForServer({ server: http, fetch: input.fetch })
+    return { http, api, pty: createPtyClient(api, { url: http.url }) }
+  }
+  const state = { current: build(input.http) }
+  return {
+    update(http: ServerConnection.HttpBase) {
+      state.current = build(http)
+      return state.current.api
+    },
+    get url() {
+      return state.current.http.url
+    },
+    get api() {
+      return state.current.api
+    },
+    get pty() {
+      return state.current.pty
+    },
+  }
+}
+
 export type ServerSDK = ServerSDKBase & {
  ensureDirSdkContext: (directory: string) => ReturnType<typeof createDirSdkContext>
 }
@@ -210,7 +210,7 @@ export namespace ServerConnection {
    http: HttpBase
  } & (
    | // Regular desktop server
-    { variant: "base" }
+    { variant: "base"; reconnect?: (signal: AbortSignal) => Promise<HttpBase> }
    // WSL server (windows only)
    | {
        variant: "wsl"
@@ -36,10 +36,10 @@ export const loadLspQuery = (scope: ServerScope, directory: string) =>
    queryFn: async () => [],
  })

-function makeQueryOptionsApi(scope: ServerScope, serverAPI: ServerApi) {
+function makeQueryOptionsApi(scope: ServerScope, serverAPI: () => ServerApi) {
  return {
    globalConfig: () => loadGlobalConfigQuery(scope),
-    path: () => loadPathQuery(scope, null, serverAPI.location),
+    path: () => loadPathQuery(scope, null, serverAPI().location),
    lsp: (directory: PathKey) => loadLspQuery(scope, directory),
  }
 }
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ export function createServerSyncContextInner(serverSDK: ServerSDK, data: Data) {
  if (!owner) throw new Error("ServerSync must be created within owner")

  const booting = new Map<string, Promise<void>>()
-  const queryOptionsApi = makeQueryOptionsApi(serverSDK.scope, serverSDK.api)
+  const queryOptionsApi = makeQueryOptionsApi(serverSDK.scope, () => serverSDK.api)
  const connected = () => serverSDK.connection.status() === "connected"

  const [configQuery, pathQuery] = useQueries(() => ({
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ export function SessionComposerRegion(props: {
      <div
        classList={{
          "w-full px-3 pointer-events-auto": true,
-          "md:max-w-200 md:mx-auto 2xl:max-w-[1000px]": controller.centered(),
+          "md:max-w-[1000px] md:mx-auto": controller.centered(),
        }}
      >
        <Show when={controller.state.questionRequest()} keyed>
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ export function SessionSidePanel(props: {
  fileBrowserState: SessionFileBrowserState
  activeDiff?: string
  focusReviewDiff: (path: string) => void
-  reviewSnap: boolean
+  reviewPresent?: boolean
  size: Sizing
  stacked?: boolean
 }) {
@@ -79,6 +79,7 @@ export function SessionSidePanel(props: {
  const shown = settings.visibility.fileTree

  const reviewOpen = createMemo(() => isDesktop() && view().reviewPanel.opened())
+  const reviewVisible = createMemo(() => reviewOpen() || !!props.reviewPresent)
  const fileOpen = createMemo(
    () =>
      isDesktop() &&
@@ -88,11 +89,12 @@ export function SessionSidePanel(props: {
      }),
  )
  const open = createMemo(() => reviewOpen() || fileOpen())
+  const visible = createMemo(() => reviewVisible() || fileOpen())
  const fileTreeWidth = createMemo(() => Math.max(FILE_TREE_WIDTH_MIN, layout.fileTree.width()))
  const reviewTab = createMemo(() => isDesktop())
  const panelWidth = createMemo(() => {
-    if (!open()) return "0px"
-    if (reviewOpen()) return "auto"
+    if (!visible()) return "0px"
+    if (reviewVisible()) return "auto"
    return `${fileTreeWidth()}px`
  })
  const treeWidth = createMemo(() => (fileOpen() ? `${fileTreeWidth()}px` : "0px"))
@@ -252,14 +254,14 @@ export function SessionSidePanel(props: {
          "h-full min-h-0": props.stacked,
          "pointer-events-none": !open(),
          "transition-[width] duration-[240ms] ease-[cubic-bezier(0.22,1,0.36,1)] will-change-[width] motion-reduce:transition-none":
-            !props.size.active() && !props.reviewSnap,
-          "flex-1": reviewOpen(),
+            !props.size.active(),
+          "flex-1": reviewVisible(),
        }}
        style={{ width: panelWidth() }}
      >
-        <Show when={open()}>
+        <Show when={visible()}>
          <div class="size-full flex">
-            <Show when={reviewOpen()}>
+            <Show when={reviewVisible()}>
              <div class="relative min-w-0 h-full flex-1 overflow-hidden bg-v2-background-bg-base">
                <div class="size-full min-w-0 h-full bg-v2-background-bg-base">
                  <DragDropProvider
@@ -101,11 +101,11 @@ export const focusTerminalById = (id: string) => {

  const textarea = terminal.querySelector("textarea")
  if (textarea instanceof HTMLTextAreaElement) {
-    textarea.focus()
+    textarea.focus({ preventScroll: true })
    return true
  }

-  terminal.focus()
+  terminal.focus({ preventScroll: true })
  terminal.dispatchEvent(
    typeof PointerEvent === "function"
      ? new PointerEvent("pointerdown", { bubbles: true, cancelable: true })
@@ -124,11 +124,12 @@ export function createSessionReview(input: {
      queryKey: [server.scope, "session-details", input.session.workspace.directory()],
    })
  }, 100)
-  onCleanup(
-    location().event.listen((event) => {
+  createEffect(() => {
+    const stop = location().event.listen((event) => {
      if (event.type === "filesystem.changed") refresh()
-    }),
-  )
+    })
+    onCleanup(stop)
+  })
  createEffect(
    on(
      () => input.screen.review.open() || mobileChanges(),
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ export function SessionMobileReview(props: { review: SessionReviewModel }) {
  )
 }

-export function SessionDesktopReview(props: { review: SessionReviewModel }) {
+export function SessionDesktopReview(props: { review: SessionReviewModel; present?: boolean }) {
  return (
    <Suspense>
      <SessionSidePanel
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ export function SessionDesktopReview(props: { review: SessionReviewModel }) {
        fileBrowserState={props.review.panelState}
        activeDiff={props.review.activeFile()}
        focusReviewDiff={props.review.focusFile}
-        reviewSnap={props.review.screen.review.snap()}
+        reviewPresent={props.present}
        size={props.review.screen.size}
        stacked={props.review.screen.side.layout().stacked}
      />
@@ -2,12 +2,11 @@ import { ErrorBoundary, createEffect, createMemo, Show, type ParentProps } from
 import { useParams } from "@solidjs/router"
 import { CommentsProvider } from "@/composer/comments"
 import { FileProvider } from "@/workspaces/files/model"
-import { LocationProvider, useWorkspaceLocation } from "@/workspaces/location"
+import { LocationProvider } from "@/workspaces/location"
 import { ModelsProvider } from "@/providers/models/models"
 import { useNotification } from "@/shell/notifications/notification"
 import { ComposerPersistenceProvider } from "@/composer/persistence"
 import { useData, useServer } from "@/runtime/server/current"
-import { useServerSDK } from "@/runtime/server/client"
 import { ServerConnection } from "@/runtime/server/registry"
 import { TerminalProvider } from "@/session/terminal/context"
 import { useSettingsCommand } from "@/settings/command"
@@ -86,7 +85,7 @@ function ResolvedTargetSessionRoute() {
    >
      <Show when={directory()} fallback={<PendingSessionState sessionID={params.id} />}>
        {(value) => (
-          <LocationProvider directory={value()}>
+          <LocationProvider directory={value}>
            <SessionUIProvider directory={value()} server={server.key}>
              <TargetSessionPage />
            </SessionUIProvider>
@@ -114,23 +113,18 @@ function SessionStatePanel(props: ParentProps) {
 }

 function TargetSessionPage() {
-  const location = useWorkspaceLocation()
-  const server = useServerSDK()
-
  return (
-    // Keep workspace-scoped file, prompt, comment, and terminal state alive when
-    // the user switches between Sessions in the same workspace.
-    <Show when={`${server.scope}\0${location().directory}`} keyed>
-      <TerminalProvider>
-        <FileProvider>
-          <ComposerPersistenceProvider>
-            <CommentsProvider>
-              <SessionPage />
-            </CommentsProvider>
-          </ComposerPersistenceProvider>
-        </FileProvider>
-      </TerminalProvider>
-    </Show>
+    // These providers select their scoped state reactively and retain bounded caches,
+    // so keep their owners alive while navigating between workspaces on this server.
+    <TerminalProvider>
+      <FileProvider>
+        <ComposerPersistenceProvider>
+          <CommentsProvider>
+            <SessionPage />
+          </CommentsProvider>
+        </ComposerPersistenceProvider>
+      </FileProvider>
+    </TerminalProvider>
  )
 }

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
-import { createComputed, createMemo, createSignal, onCleanup } from "solid-js"
+import { createEffect, createMemo } from "solid-js"
+import { createStore } from "solid-js/store"
 import { createResizeObserver } from "@solid-primitives/resize-observer"
 import { useLayout } from "@/shell/state/layout"
 import { useSettings } from "@/settings/model"
@@ -14,11 +15,9 @@ export function createSessionScreenLayout(session: SessionModel, serverScope: st
  const reviewOpen = createMemo(() => session.isDesktop() && session.layout.view().reviewPanel.opened())
  const reviewPanelOpen = createMemo(() => reviewOpen() && !!session.identity.params.id)
  const terminalOpen = createMemo(() => session.layout.view().terminal.opened())
-  const desktopTerminalOpen = createMemo(() => session.isDesktop() && terminalOpen())
-  const sideTerminalOpen = createMemo(() => desktopTerminalOpen() && settings.general.terminalPlacement() === "side")
-  const bottomTerminalOpen = createMemo(
-    () => desktopTerminalOpen() && settings.general.terminalPlacement() === "bottom",
-  )
+  const sideTerminal = createMemo(() => session.isDesktop() && settings.general.terminalPlacement() === "side")
+  const bottomTerminal = createMemo(() => session.isDesktop() && settings.general.terminalPlacement() === "bottom")
+  const sideTerminalOpen = createMemo(() => terminalOpen() && sideTerminal())
  const fileTreeOpen = createMemo(
    () =>
      session.isDesktop() &&
@@ -29,14 +28,14 @@ export function createSessionScreenLayout(session: SessionModel, serverScope: st
  )
  const resizable = createMemo(() => reviewPanelOpen() || sideTerminalOpen())
  const sidePanelOpen = createMemo(() => resizable() || fileTreeOpen())
-  const [rowWidth, setRowWidth] = createSignal<number>()
+  const [rowSize, setRowSize] = createStore<{ width?: number; height?: number }>({})
  let row: HTMLDivElement | undefined
  createResizeObserver(
    () => row,
-    ({ width }) => setRowWidth(width),
+    ({ width, height }) => setRowSize({ width, height }),
  )
  const available = createMemo<number | undefined>(() => {
-    const width = rowWidth()
+    const width = rowSize.width
    if (width === undefined) return undefined
    return width - 8
  })
@@ -65,24 +64,30 @@ export function createSessionScreenLayout(session: SessionModel, serverScope: st
      files: fileTreeOpen(),
    }),
  )
-  const [reviewSnap, setReviewSnap] = createSignal(false)
-  let reviewFrame: number | undefined
-  createComputed((previous) => {
-    const open = reviewOpen()
-    if (previous === undefined || previous === open) return open
-
-    if (reviewFrame !== undefined) cancelAnimationFrame(reviewFrame)
-    setReviewSnap(true)
-    reviewFrame = requestAnimationFrame(() => {
-      reviewFrame = undefined
-      setReviewSnap(false)
-    })
-    return open
-  }, reviewOpen())
-  onCleanup(() => {
-    if (reviewFrame !== undefined) cancelAnimationFrame(reviewFrame)
+  const [motion, setMotion] = createStore({ gap: panelLayout().stacked, closing: false })
+  createEffect((previous) => {
+    const stacked = panelLayout().stacked
+    if (previous !== stacked) setMotion({ gap: stacked, closing: !stacked })
+    return stacked
+  }, panelLayout().stacked)
+  const sideRegionOpen = createMemo(() => reviewPanelOpen() || fileTreeOpen())
+  const terminalPane = createMemo(() =>
+    Math.min(layout.terminal.height(), typeof window === "undefined" ? 600 : window.innerHeight * 0.6),
+  )
+  const terminalPaneHeight = createMemo(() => `${terminalPane()}px`)
+  const sideHeight = createMemo(() => rowSize.height)
+  const fullSideHeight = createMemo(() => (sideHeight() === undefined ? "100%" : `${sideHeight()}px`))
+  const stackedReviewHeight = createMemo(() => {
+    const height = sideHeight()
+    if (height === undefined) return `calc(100% - ${terminalPaneHeight()} - 8px)`
+    return `${Math.max(0, height - terminalPane() - 8)}px`
  })
-
+  const sideContentWidth = createMemo<string>((previous) => {
+    const width = available()
+    if (resizable() && width !== undefined) return `${Math.max(0, width - resizedWidth())}px`
+    if (fileTreeOpen()) return `${layout.fileTree.width()}px`
+    return previous
+  }, "100%")
  return {
    centered: createMemo(() => session.isDesktop()),
    files: { open: fileTreeOpen },
@@ -99,14 +104,36 @@ export function createSessionScreenLayout(session: SessionModel, serverScope: st
    review: {
      open: reviewOpen,
      panelOpen: reviewPanelOpen,
-      snap: reviewSnap,
    },
-    side: { layout: panelLayout },
+    side: {
+      contentWidth: sideContentWidth,
+      gap: {
+        closing: () => motion.closing,
+        height: createMemo(() => (motion.gap ? "8px" : "0px")),
+      },
+      layout: panelLayout,
+      region: {
+        height: createMemo(() => {
+          if (!sideRegionOpen()) return "0px"
+          if (sideTerminalOpen()) return stackedReviewHeight()
+          return fullSideHeight()
+        }),
+        open: sideRegionOpen,
+      },
+      terminal: {
+        contentHeight: createMemo(() => (sideRegionOpen() ? terminalPaneHeight() : fullSideHeight())),
+        height: createMemo(() => {
+          if (!sideTerminalOpen()) return "0px"
+          if (sideRegionOpen()) return terminalPaneHeight()
+          return fullSideHeight()
+        }),
+      },
+    },
    size,
    terminal: {
-      bottomOpen: bottomTerminalOpen,
-      inlineOnlyOpen: createMemo(() => sideTerminalOpen() && !reviewPanelOpen()),
+      bottom: bottomTerminal,
      open: terminalOpen,
+      side: sideTerminal,
    },
  }
 }
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import { ErrorBoundary, Show, Match, Switch, createMemo, createEffect, createComputed, on } from "solid-js"
 import { createStore } from "solid-js/store"
+import createPresence from "solid-presence"
 import { ResizeHandle } from "@opencode-ai/ui/resize-handle"
 import { SessionHeader } from "@/session/header/session-header"
 import { useLayout } from "@/shell/state/layout"
@@ -28,7 +29,42 @@ export function SessionScreen(props: { session: SessionModel }) {
  const screen = createSessionScreenLayout(session, serverSDK.scope)
  const timeline = createSessionTimelineInteraction(session)
  const messagesReady = timeline.ready
-  const [store, setStore] = createStore({ deferRender: false })
+  const [store, setStore] = createStore({
+    deferRender: false,
+    bottomTerminalCached: false,
+    sideHeightMotion: false,
+    sideRegionPresent: false,
+    sideReviewPresent: false,
+    sideTerminalPresent: false,
+  })
+  const [elements, setElements] = createStore<{
+    side?: HTMLDivElement
+    bottomTerminal?: HTMLDivElement
+  }>({})
+  const sideVisible = createMemo(() => isDesktop() && screen.side.layout().visible)
+  const sideTerminalVisible = createMemo(() => isDesktop() && screen.terminal.side() && screen.terminal.open())
+  const bottomTerminalVisible = createMemo(() => screen.terminal.open() && (!isDesktop() || screen.terminal.bottom()))
+  const sidePresence = createPresence({
+    show: sideVisible,
+    element: () => elements.side ?? null,
+  })
+  const bottomTerminalPresence = createPresence({
+    show: bottomTerminalVisible,
+    element: () => elements.bottomTerminal ?? null,
+  })
+  createEffect(() => {
+    if (sideTerminalVisible()) setStore("sideTerminalPresent", true)
+    if (bottomTerminalVisible()) setStore("bottomTerminalCached", true)
+    if (!sideVisible()) setStore("sideHeightMotion", false)
+  })
+  createEffect(() => {
+    if (!isDesktop() || screen.terminal.bottom()) setStore("sideTerminalPresent", false)
+    if (isDesktop() && screen.terminal.side()) setStore("bottomTerminalCached", false)
+  })
+  createEffect(() => {
+    if (screen.side.region.open()) setStore("sideRegionPresent", true)
+    if (screen.review.panelOpen()) setStore("sideReviewPresent", true)
+  })

  createComputed((prev) => {
    const key = session.identity.sessionKey()
@@ -75,15 +111,9 @@ export function SessionScreen(props: { session: SessionModel }) {
          </Match>
          <Match when={session.identity.params.id}>
            <Show when={!messagesReady()}>
-              <SessionIdentityHeader
-                sessionID={session.identity.params.id ?? ""}
-                session={session.data.info()}
-              />
+              <SessionIdentityHeader sessionID={session.identity.params.id ?? ""} session={session.data.info()} />
            </Show>
-            <Show
-              when={messagesReady() ? session.identity.params.id : undefined}
-              keyed
-            >
+            <Show when={messagesReady() ? session.identity.params.id : undefined} keyed>
              {(_id) => (
                <MessageTimeline
                  session={session}
@@ -135,13 +165,14 @@ export function SessionScreen(props: { session: SessionModel }) {
    <>
      <SessionHeader />
      <div class="flex-1 min-h-0 flex flex-col gap-2 p-2">
-        <div ref={screen.panel.ref} class="flex-1 min-h-0 flex flex-col md:flex-row gap-2">
+        <div ref={screen.panel.ref} class="relative flex-1 min-h-0 flex flex-col md:flex-row gap-2">
          <div
            classList={{
-              "@container relative shrink-0 flex flex-col min-h-0 h-full flex-1 md:flex-none transition-[width]": true,
+              "@container relative z-10 shrink-0 flex flex-col min-h-0 h-full flex-1 md:flex-none transition-[width]": true,
              "duration-[240ms] ease-[cubic-bezier(0.22,1,0.36,1)] will-change-[width] motion-reduce:transition-none":
-                !screen.size.active() && !screen.review.snap() && !screen.terminal.inlineOnlyOpen(),
+                !screen.size.active(),
            }}
+            data-slot="session-chat-panel"
            style={{
              width: screen.panel.width(),
            }}
@@ -171,51 +202,125 @@ export function SessionScreen(props: { session: SessionModel }) {
            </Show>
          </div>

-          <Show when={isDesktop() && screen.side.layout().visible}>
-            <div class="min-w-0 h-full flex flex-1 flex-col">
-              <Show when={screen.review.panelOpen() || screen.files.open()}>
-                <div class="min-h-0 flex-1">
-                  <SessionDesktopReview review={review} />
-                </div>
-              </Show>
-              <Show when={screen.side.layout().stacked}>
-                <div class="relative h-2 shrink-0" onPointerDown={() => screen.size.start()}>
-                  <ResizeHandle
-                    class="!relative !inset-auto !h-full !w-full !transform-none"
-                    direction="vertical"
-                    size={layout.terminal.height()}
-                    min={100}
-                    max={typeof window === "undefined" ? 600 : window.innerHeight * 0.6}
-                    collapseThreshold={50}
-                    onResize={(height) => {
-                      screen.size.touch()
-                      layout.terminal.resize(height)
-                    }}
-                    onCollapse={() => session.layout.view().terminal.close()}
-                  />
-                </div>
-              </Show>
-              <Show when={screen.terminal.open() && !screen.terminal.bottomOpen()}>
+          <Show when={sidePresence.present() || store.sideTerminalPresent}>
+            <div
+              ref={(element) => setElements("side", element)}
+              data-slot="session-side-panel-presence"
+              data-opened={sideVisible()}
+              onAnimationEnd={(event) => {
+                if (event.currentTarget !== event.target) return
+                if (event.animationName !== "terminal-panel-presence-in" || !sideVisible()) return
+                setStore("sideHeightMotion", true)
+              }}
+              classList={{
+                "relative z-0 min-w-0 h-full flex-1 overflow-visible": sidePresence.present(),
+                "absolute inset-y-0 end-0 z-0 w-0 invisible pointer-events-none overflow-visible":
+                  !sidePresence.present(),
+              }}
+            >
+              <div
+                data-slot="session-side-panel-content"
+                class="absolute inset-y-0 start-0 h-full"
+                style={{ width: screen.side.contentWidth() }}
+              >
                <div
+                  data-slot="session-side-region"
                  classList={{
-                    "min-h-0 shrink-0": screen.side.layout().stacked,
-                    "min-h-0 flex-1": !screen.side.layout().stacked,
+                    "absolute inset-x-0 top-0 min-h-0 overflow-visible transition-[height] duration-[240ms] ease-[cubic-bezier(0.22,1,0.36,1)] motion-reduce:transition-none": true,
+                    "will-change-[height]": !screen.size.active() && store.sideHeightMotion,
+                    "transition-none": screen.size.active() || !store.sideHeightMotion,
                  }}
+                  style={{ height: screen.side.region.height() }}
                >
-                  <TerminalPanel stacked={screen.side.layout().stacked} />
+                  <Show when={store.sideRegionPresent}>
+                    <div
+                      data-slot="session-side-region-presence"
+                      data-opened={screen.side.region.open()}
+                      class="absolute inset-0"
+                      onAnimationEnd={(event) => {
+                        if (event.currentTarget !== event.target) return
+                        if (event.animationName !== "side-region-presence-out") return
+                        if (screen.side.region.open()) return
+                        if (sideTerminalVisible()) return
+                        setStore("sideRegionPresent", false)
+                        setStore("sideReviewPresent", false)
+                      }}
+                    >
+                      <SessionDesktopReview review={review} present={store.sideReviewPresent} />
+                    </div>
+                  </Show>
                </div>
-              </Show>
+                <div class="absolute inset-x-0 bottom-0 flex flex-col">
+                  <div
+                    data-slot="session-side-panel-gap"
+                    classList={{
+                      "relative z-0 shrink-0 overflow-visible bg-v2-background-bg-deep transition-[height] duration-[40ms] ease-[cubic-bezier(0.22,1,0.36,1)] motion-reduce:transition-none": true,
+                      "delay-0": !screen.side.gap.closing(),
+                      "delay-[200ms]": screen.side.gap.closing(),
+                    }}
+                    style={{ height: screen.side.gap.height() }}
+                    onPointerDown={() => screen.size.start()}
+                  >
+                    <Show when={screen.side.layout().stacked}>
+                      <ResizeHandle
+                        class="!relative !inset-auto !h-full !w-full !transform-none"
+                        direction="vertical"
+                        size={layout.terminal.height()}
+                        min={100}
+                        max={typeof window === "undefined" ? 600 : window.innerHeight * 0.6}
+                        collapseThreshold={50}
+                        onResize={(height) => {
+                          screen.size.touch()
+                          layout.terminal.resize(height)
+                        }}
+                        onCollapse={() => session.layout.view().terminal.close()}
+                      />
+                    </Show>
+                  </div>
+                  <div
+                    data-slot="session-side-terminal-region"
+                    classList={{
+                      "relative z-10 min-h-0 shrink-0 overflow-visible transition-[height] duration-[240ms] ease-[cubic-bezier(0.22,1,0.36,1)] motion-reduce:transition-none": true,
+                      "will-change-[height]": !screen.size.active() && store.sideHeightMotion,
+                      "transition-none": screen.size.active() || !store.sideHeightMotion,
+                    }}
+                    style={{ height: screen.side.terminal.height() }}
+                  >
+                    <Show when={store.sideTerminalPresent}>
+                      <div
+                        data-slot="side-terminal-panel-presence"
+                        data-opened={sideTerminalVisible()}
+                        class="absolute inset-0 rounded-[10px] bg-v2-background-bg-base shadow-[var(--v2-elevation-raised)]"
+                      >
+                        <div data-slot="side-terminal-panel-clip" class="size-full overflow-clip rounded-[10px]">
+                          <TerminalPanel
+                            fill
+                            framed={false}
+                            present={store.sideTerminalPresent}
+                            contentHeight={screen.side.terminal.contentHeight()}
+                          />
+                        </div>
+                      </div>
+                    </Show>
+                  </div>
+                </div>
+              </div>
            </div>
          </Show>
        </div>

-        <Show when={screen.terminal.open() && (!isDesktop() || screen.terminal.bottomOpen())}>
-          <div classList={{ "relative min-h-0 shrink-0": isDesktop() }}>
+        <Show when={bottomTerminalPresence.present() || store.bottomTerminalCached}>
+          <div
+            ref={(element) => setElements("bottomTerminal", element)}
+            data-slot="terminal-panel-presence"
+            data-opened={bottomTerminalVisible()}
+            classList={{
+              hidden: !bottomTerminalPresence.present(),
+              "relative min-h-0 shrink-0": isDesktop(),
+            }}
+          >
            <Show when={isDesktop()}>
-              <div
-                class="absolute z-10 -top-1 left-0 right-0 h-2"
-                onPointerDown={() => screen.size.start()}
-              >
+              <div class="absolute z-10 -top-1 left-0 right-0 h-2" onPointerDown={() => screen.size.start()}>
                <ResizeHandle
                  class="!relative !inset-auto !h-full !w-full !transform-none"
                  direction="vertical"
@@ -231,7 +336,7 @@ export function SessionScreen(props: { session: SessionModel }) {
                />
              </div>
            </Show>
-            <TerminalPanel stacked={isDesktop()} />
+            <TerminalPanel stacked={isDesktop()} present={store.bottomTerminalCached} />
          </div>
        </Show>
      </div>
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ import { Terminal } from "@/session/terminal/terminal"
 import { useCommand } from "@/shell/commands/command"
 import { useLanguage } from "@/runtime/i18n/language"
 import { useLayout } from "@/shell/state/layout"
-import { useTerminal } from "@/session/terminal/context"
+import { useTerminal, type LocalPTY } from "@/session/terminal/context"
 import { useWorkspaceLocation } from "@/workspaces/location"
 import { terminalTabLabel } from "@/session/terminal/terminal-label"
 import { createSizing, focusTerminalById } from "@/session/helpers"
@@ -26,7 +26,20 @@ import { getTerminalHandoff, setTerminalHandoff } from "@/session/handoff"
 import { useSessionLayout } from "@/session/session-layout"
 import { TerminalSurface } from "./surface"

-export function TerminalPanel(props: { stacked?: boolean } = {}) {
+const MAX_CACHED_TERMINAL_WORKSPACES = 20
+
+type TerminalBinding = ReturnType<ReturnType<typeof useTerminal>["bind"]>
+type CachedTerminalSurface = {
+  key: string
+  workspace: string
+  pty: LocalPTY
+  ops: TerminalBinding
+  focus: boolean
+}
+
+export function TerminalPanel(
+  props: { stacked?: boolean; fill?: boolean; framed?: boolean; present?: boolean; contentHeight?: string } = {},
+) {
  const layout = useLayout()
  const terminal = useTerminal()
  const sdk = useWorkspaceLocation()
@@ -45,18 +58,26 @@ export function TerminalPanel(props: { stacked?: boolean } = {}) {
  onCleanup(() => terminal.cancelFocus())

  const [store, setStore] = createStore({
-    autoCreated: false,
+    autoCreated: undefined as string | undefined,
    recovered: {} as Record<string, boolean>,
+    surfaces: [] as CachedTerminalSurface[],
+    workspaces: [] as string[],
    view: typeof window === "undefined" ? 1000 : (window.visualViewport?.height ?? window.innerHeight),
  })

  const max = () => store.view * 0.6
  const pane = () => Math.min(height(), max())
  const stacked = createMemo(() => isDesktop() && !!props.stacked)
-  const panelHeight = createMemo(() =>
-    isDesktop() ? (stacked() ? `${pane()}px` : "100%") : opened() ? `${pane()}px` : "0px",
+  const panelHeight = createMemo(() => {
+    if (props.fill) return "100%"
+    if (!opened()) return "0px"
+    if (isDesktop()) return stacked() ? `${pane()}px` : "100%"
+    return `${pane()}px`
+  })
+  const contentHeight = createMemo(
+    () => props.contentHeight ?? (isDesktop() ? (stacked() ? `${pane()}px` : "100%") : `${pane()}px`),
  )
-  const contentHeight = createMemo(() => (isDesktop() ? (stacked() ? `${pane()}px` : "100%") : `${pane()}px`))
+  const present = createMemo(() => opened() || !!props.present)
  const newTerminalKeybind = createMemo(() => command.keybindParts("terminal.new"))

  onMount(() => {
@@ -68,24 +89,29 @@ export function TerminalPanel(props: { stacked?: boolean } = {}) {
    sync()
    makeEventListener(window, "resize", sync)
    if (port) makeEventListener(port, "resize", sync)
+    makeEventListener(document, "focusin", (event) => {
+      if (event.target instanceof Element && event.target.closest("#terminal-panel")) return
+      setStore("surfaces", (surface) => surface.focus, "focus", false)
+    })
  })

  createEffect(() => {
    if (!opened()) {
-      setStore("autoCreated", false)
+      setStore("autoCreated", undefined)
      return
    }

-    if (!terminal.ready() || terminal.all().length !== 0 || store.autoCreated) return
+    const workspace = workspaceKey()
+    if (!terminal.ready() || terminal.all().length !== 0 || store.autoCreated === workspace) return
    terminal.new()
-    setStore("autoCreated", true)
+    setStore("autoCreated", workspace)
  })

  createEffect(
    on(
-      () => terminal.all().length,
-      (count, prevCount) => {
-        if (prevCount === undefined || prevCount <= 0 || count !== 0) return
+      () => [workspaceKey(), terminal.all().length] as const,
+      ([workspace, count], previous) => {
+        if (!previous || previous[0] !== workspace || previous[1] <= 0 || count !== 0) return
        if (!opened()) return
        close()
      },
@@ -97,7 +123,10 @@ export function TerminalPanel(props: { stacked?: boolean } = {}) {
      () => [opened(), terminal.active(), terminal.focusRequested(terminal.active())] as const,
      ([next, id, requested]) => {
        if (!next || !id || !requested) return
-        focusTerminalById(id)
+        requestAnimationFrame(() => {
+          if (!opened() || terminal.active() !== id || !terminal.focusRequested(id)) return
+          focusTerminalById(id)
+        })
      },
    ),
  )
@@ -136,19 +165,44 @@ export function TerminalPanel(props: { stacked?: boolean } = {}) {

  const all = terminal.all

+  createEffect(
+    on(
+      () => [workspaceKey(), terminal.ready(), terminal.active(), terminal.all()] as const,
+      ([workspace, ready, active, ptys]) => {
+        if (!ready) return
+
+        const ids = new Set(ptys.map((pty) => pty.id))
+        const surfaces = store.surfaces.filter((surface) => surface.workspace !== workspace || ids.has(surface.pty.id))
+        const pty = ptys.find((item) => item.id === active)
+        const key = pty ? `${workspace}\0${pty.id}` : undefined
+        if (pty && key && !surfaces.some((surface) => surface.key === key)) {
+          surfaces.push({ key, workspace, pty, ops: terminal.bind(), focus: terminal.focusRequested(pty.id) })
+        }
+
+        const workspaces = [...store.workspaces.filter((item) => item !== workspace), workspace].slice(
+          -MAX_CACHED_TERMINAL_WORKSPACES,
+        )
+        const keep = new Set(workspaces)
+        setStore({ surfaces: surfaces.filter((surface) => keep.has(surface.workspace)), workspaces })
+      },
+    ),
+  )
+
  const recoverTerminal = (key: string, id: string, clone: (id: string) => Promise<void>) => {
    if (store.recovered[key]) return
    setStore("recovered", key, true)
    void clone(id)
  }

-  const terminalRecoveryKey = (pty: { id: string; title: string; titleNumber: number }) => {
-    return String(pty.titleNumber || pty.title || pty.id)
-  }
-
  const markTerminalConnected = (key: string, id: string, trim: (id: string) => void) => {
    setStore("recovered", key, false)
    trim(id)
+    const index = store.surfaces.findIndex((surface) => surface.key === key)
+    if (!store.surfaces[index]?.focus) return
+    setStore("surfaces", index, "focus", false)
+    if (!opened() || terminal.active() !== id) return
+    focusTerminalById(id)
+    terminal.consumeFocus(id)
  }

  const handleTerminalDragEnd = () => {
@@ -167,6 +221,8 @@ export function TerminalPanel(props: { stacked?: boolean } = {}) {
      }}
      label={language.t("terminal.title")}
      opened={opened()}
+      present={present()}
+      framed={props.framed}
      desktop={isDesktop()}
      stacked={stacked()}
      height={panelHeight()}
@@ -182,7 +238,7 @@ export function TerminalPanel(props: { stacked?: boolean } = {}) {
      onCollapse={close}
    >
      <Show
-        when={terminal.ready()}
+        when={terminal.ready() || store.surfaces.length > 0}
        fallback={
          <div class="flex flex-col h-full pointer-events-none">
            <div class="h-10 flex items-center gap-2 px-2 border-b border-border-weaker-base bg-v2-background-bg-base overflow-hidden">
@@ -268,34 +324,35 @@ export function TerminalPanel(props: { stacked?: boolean } = {}) {
              </Tabs.List>
            </Tabs>
            <div class="flex-1 min-h-0 relative">
-              <Show when={opened() && terminal.active()} keyed>
-                {(id) => {
-                  const ops = terminal.bind()
-                  return (
-                    <Show when={all().find((pty) => pty.id === id)}>
-                      {(pty) => (
-                        <div id={`terminal-wrapper-${id}`} class="absolute inset-0">
-                          <Terminal
-                            pty={pty()}
-                            autoFocus={terminal.focusRequested(id)}
-                            onAutoFocus={() => terminal.consumeFocus(id)}
-                            class="!px-[14px]"
-                            onConnect={() =>
-                              markTerminalConnected(terminalRecoveryKey(pty()), id, (terminalID) =>
-                                ops.trim(terminalID),
-                              )
-                            }
-                            onCleanup={(terminal) => ops.update(terminal)}
-                            onConnectError={() =>
-                              recoverTerminal(terminalRecoveryKey(pty()), id, (terminalID) => ops.clone(terminalID))
-                            }
-                          />
-                        </div>
-                      )}
-                    </Show>
-                  )
-                }}
-              </Show>
+              <For each={store.surfaces}>
+                {(surface) => (
+                  <div
+                    id={`terminal-wrapper-${surface.pty.id}`}
+                    class="absolute inset-0"
+                    classList={{
+                      hidden:
+                        !present() || surface.workspace !== workspaceKey() || surface.pty.id !== terminal.active(),
+                    }}
+                  >
+                    <Terminal
+                      pty={surface.pty}
+                      autoFocus={terminal.focusRequested(surface.pty.id)}
+                      onAutoFocus={() => {
+                        focusTerminalById(surface.pty.id)
+                        terminal.consumeFocus(surface.pty.id)
+                      }}
+                      class="!px-[14px]"
+                      onConnect={() =>
+                        markTerminalConnected(surface.key, surface.pty.id, (terminalID) => surface.ops.trim(terminalID))
+                      }
+                      onCleanup={(terminal) => surface.ops.update(terminal)}
+                      onConnectError={() =>
+                        recoverTerminal(surface.key, surface.pty.id, (terminalID) => surface.ops.clone(terminalID))
+                      }
+                    />
+                  </div>
+                )}
+              </For>
            </div>
          </div>
        </DragDropProvider>
@@ -5,6 +5,8 @@ export function TerminalSurface(
  props: ParentProps<{
    label: string
    opened: boolean
+    present?: boolean
+    framed?: boolean
    desktop: boolean
    stacked: boolean
    height: string
@@ -22,6 +24,9 @@ export function TerminalSurface(
    <aside
      ref={props.ref}
      id="terminal-panel"
+      data-component="terminal-panel"
+      data-opened={props.opened}
+      data-size-animated={!props.resizing && (!props.desktop || props.stacked)}
      role="region"
      aria-label={props.label}
      aria-hidden={!props.opened}
@@ -29,13 +34,12 @@ export function TerminalSurface(
      class="relative shrink-0 overflow-hidden bg-v2-background-bg-base"
      classList={{
        "w-full": !props.desktop || props.stacked,
-        "min-w-0 h-full flex-1": props.desktop && props.opened && !props.stacked,
-        "w-0 h-full pointer-events-none": props.desktop && !props.opened,
-        "rounded-[10px] shadow-[var(--v2-elevation-raised)]": props.desktop,
-        "transition-[height] duration-200 ease-[cubic-bezier(0.22,1,0.36,1)] will-change-[height] motion-reduce:transition-none":
-          !props.desktop && !props.resizing,
+        "min-w-0 h-full flex-1": props.desktop && (props.present ?? props.opened) && !props.stacked,
+        "w-0 h-full pointer-events-none": props.desktop && !(props.present ?? props.opened),
+        "rounded-[10px] shadow-[var(--v2-elevation-raised)]": props.desktop && (props.framed ?? true),
+        "will-change-[height]": !props.resizing && (!props.desktop || props.stacked),
      }}
-      style={{ height: props.height }}
+      style={{ height: props.height, "--terminal-panel-height": props.contentHeight }}
    >
      <div classList={{ "md:hidden": !props.stacked, hidden: props.stacked }} onPointerDown={props.onResizeStart}>
        <ResizeHandle
@@ -50,7 +54,8 @@ export function TerminalSurface(
        />
      </div>
      <div
-        class="absolute inset-0 flex flex-col overflow-hidden"
+        data-slot="terminal-panel-content"
+        class="absolute inset-x-0 top-0 flex flex-col overflow-hidden"
        classList={{
          "border-t border-border-weak-base": props.opened && !props.desktop,
          "pointer-events-none": !props.opened,
@@ -347,9 +347,9 @@ export const Terminal = (props: TerminalProps) => {
  const focusTerminal = () => {
    const t = term
    if (!t) return
-    t.focus()
-    t.textarea?.focus()
-    setTimeout(() => t.textarea?.focus(), 0)
+    const focus = () => (t.textarea ? t.textarea.focus({ preventScroll: true }) : t.focus())
+    focus()
+    setTimeout(focus, 0)
  }
  const handlePointerDown = () => {
    const activeElement = document.activeElement
@@ -499,7 +499,7 @@ function MessageTimelineView(
            data-component="session-background-hint-row"
            classList={{
              "min-w-0 w-full max-w-full": true,
-              "md:max-w-200 2xl:max-w-[1000px] md:mx-auto": props.centered,
+              "md:max-w-[1000px] md:mx-auto": props.centered,
            }}
          >
            <div
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 import { DataProvider } from "@opencode-ai/session-ui/context"
 import { useNavigate, useParams } from "@solidjs/router"
 import { createMemo, type ParentProps } from "solid-js"
+import { useProviders } from "@/providers/catalog/providers"
 import { LocalProvider } from "@/providers/models/selection"
 import type { ServerConnection } from "@/runtime/server/registry"
 import { sessionHref } from "@/shell/routes/session"
@@ -30,7 +31,11 @@ export function SessionUIProvider(
    await data.session.sync(sessionID).catch(() => undefined)
    navigate(href(sessionID))
  }
+  const providers = useProviders(directory)
  const sessionUIData = createMemo(() => ({
+    provider: providers.ready()
+      ? { all: providers.all(), default: providers.default(), connected: providers.connected().map((item) => item.id) }
+      : undefined,
    session: data.session.list(),
    session_status: Object.fromEntries(
      data.session
@@ -225,20 +225,23 @@ export const { use: useFile, provider: FileProvider } = createSimpleContext({
          },
        )

-    const stop = sdk().event.on("filesystem.changed", (event) => {
-      invalidateFromWatcher(event, {
-        normalize: path.normalize,
-        hasFile: (file) => Boolean(store.file[file]),
-        isOpen: (file) => tabs.all().some((tab) => path.pathFromTab(tab) === file),
-        loadFile: (file) => {
-          void load(file, { force: true })
-        },
-        node: tree.node,
-        isDirLoaded: tree.isLoaded,
-        refreshDir: (dir) => {
-          void tree.listDir(dir, { force: true })
-        },
+    createEffect(() => {
+      const stop = sdk().event.on("filesystem.changed", (event) => {
+        invalidateFromWatcher(event, {
+          normalize: path.normalize,
+          hasFile: (file) => Boolean(store.file[file]),
+          isOpen: (file) => tabs.all().some((tab) => path.pathFromTab(tab) === file),
+          loadFile: (file) => {
+            void load(file, { force: true })
+          },
+          node: tree.node,
+          isDirLoaded: tree.isLoaded,
+          refreshDir: (dir) => {
+            void tree.listDir(dir, { force: true })
+          },
+        })
      })
+      onCleanup(stop)
    })

    const get = (input: string) => {
@@ -266,7 +269,6 @@ export const { use: useFile, provider: FileProvider } = createSimpleContext({
      withPath(input, (file) => view().setSelectedLines(file, range))

    onCleanup(() => {
-      stop()
      viewCache.clear()
    })

@@ -185,7 +185,11 @@ async function compileExecutable(item: (typeof allTargets)[number]) {
    headers: { Accept: "application/octet-stream", ...(token ? { Authorization: `Bearer ${token}` } : {}) },
  })
  if (!response.ok) throw new Error(`Failed to download ${name} from Bun release ${release}: ${response.status}`)
-  await Bun.write(archive, response)
+  // Stream to disk instead of `Bun.write(archive, response)`: passing the Response object
+  // hangs forever if it gets GC'd mid-download (https://github.com/oven-sh/bun/issues/40278).
+  const sink = Bun.file(archive).writer()
+  for await (const chunk of response.body!) await sink.write(chunk)
+  await sink.end()
  await $`unzip -oq ${archive} -d ${cache}`
  await rm(archive)
  return executable
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@
    "@opencode-ai/protocol": "workspace:*"
  },
  "peerDependencies": {
-    "effect": "4.0.0-rc.110",
+    "effect": "4.0.0-rc.111",
    "solid-js": ">=1.9.0"
  },
  "peerDependenciesMeta": {
@@ -6,7 +6,9 @@
 import type {
  AgentInfo,
  CommandInfo,
+  FormCancelInput,
  FormInfo,
+  FormReplyInput,
  IntegrationInfo,
  LocationRef,
  LocationGetOutput,
@@ -37,7 +39,12 @@ import type {
 import { Worktree } from "@opencode-ai/schema/worktree"
 import { SessionID } from "@opencode-ai/schema/session-id"
 import { SessionMessage } from "@opencode-ai/schema/session-message"
-import { isPermissionNotFoundError, type SessionPromptInput } from "../promise"
+import {
+  isFormAlreadySettledError,
+  isFormNotFoundError,
+  isPermissionNotFoundError,
+  type SessionPromptInput,
+} from "../promise"
 import { createStore, produce, reconcile } from "solid-js/store"
 import type { SessionInbox } from "@opencode-ai/schema/session-inbox"
 import { batch, createEffect, createMemo, createSignal, onCleanup } from "solid-js"
@@ -120,6 +127,16 @@ function locationQuery(ref?: LocationRef) {
  return ref ? { directory: ref.directory, workspace: ref.workspaceID } : undefined
 }

+function formRequestOptions(sessionID: string, ref?: LocationRef) {
+  if (sessionID !== "global" || !ref) return undefined
+  return {
+    headers: {
+      "x-opencode-directory": encodeURIComponent(ref.directory),
+      ...(ref.workspaceID ? { "x-opencode-workspace": ref.workspaceID } : {}),
+    },
+  }
+}
+
 function createSync() {
  type Pending = { promise: Promise<void>; invalidated: boolean }
  const state = new Map<string, true | Pending>()
@@ -228,6 +245,32 @@ export function createData(config: CreateDataInput) {
    )
  }

+  function removeForm(sessionID: string, formID: string, ref?: LocationRef) {
+    const forms = store.session.form[sessionID]
+    if (!forms) return false
+    const location = ref && locationKey(ref)
+    const next = forms.filter((form) => {
+      if (form.id !== formID) return true
+      if (sessionID !== "global" || !location) return false
+      return !form.location || locationKey(form.location) !== location
+    })
+    if (next.length === forms.length) return false
+    setStore("session", "form", sessionID, next)
+    return true
+  }
+
+  function settleForm(input: FormCancelInput, ref: LocationRef | undefined, request: Promise<void>) {
+    return request
+      .catch((error: unknown) => {
+        if ((!isFormNotFoundError(error) && !isFormAlreadySettledError(error)) || error.id !== input.formID) throw error
+      })
+      .then(() => {
+        if (!removeForm(input.sessionID, input.formID, ref)) return
+        result.session.form.invalidate(input.sessionID, ref)
+        void result.session.form.sync(input.sessionID, ref).catch(() => undefined)
+      })
+  }
+
  function updatePending(sessionID: string, inboxID: string, delivery: SessionInbox.Delivery) {
    const index = store.session.pending[sessionID]?.findIndex((item) => item.id === inboxID) ?? -1
    const item = store.session.pending[sessionID]?.[index]
@@ -998,12 +1041,7 @@ export function createData(config: CreateDataInput) {
        return
      case "form.replied":
      case "form.cancelled":
-        setStore(
-          "session",
-          "form",
-          event.data.sessionID,
-          (store.session.form[event.data.sessionID] ?? []).filter((form) => form.id !== event.data.id),
-        )
+        removeForm(event.data.sessionID, event.data.id, event.location)
        return
    }

@@ -1420,6 +1458,12 @@ export function createData(config: CreateDataInput) {
            `session.form:${sessionID}:${sessionID === "global" ? locationKey(ref ?? defaultLocation()) : ""}`,
          )
        },
+        reply(input: FormReplyInput, ref?: LocationRef) {
+          return settleForm(input, ref, api().form.reply(input, formRequestOptions(input.sessionID, ref)))
+        },
+        cancel(input: FormCancelInput, ref?: LocationRef) {
+          return settleForm(input, ref, api().form.cancel(input, formRequestOptions(input.sessionID, ref)))
+        },
      },
    },
    project: {
@@ -2,20 +2,26 @@

 import { Script } from "@opencode-ai/script"
 import { $ } from "bun"
-import { rm } from "node:fs/promises"
+import { mkdtemp, rm } from "node:fs/promises"
+import { tmpdir } from "node:os"
+import { join } from "node:path"
 import { fileURLToPath } from "node:url"

 process.chdir(fileURLToPath(new URL("..", import.meta.url)))

+const dryRun = Bun.argv.includes("--dry-run")
 const originalText = await Bun.file("package.json").text()
 const pkg = JSON.parse(originalText) as {
  name: string
  version: string
  exports: Record<string, string | { import: string; types: string }>
+  imports: Record<string, Record<string, string>>
 }
 const tarball = `${pkg.name.replace("@", "").replace("/", "-")}-${pkg.version}.tgz`
+const output = (value: string, types = false) =>
+  value.replace("./src/", "./dist/").replace(/\.ts$/, types ? ".d.ts" : ".js")

-if ((await $`npm view ${pkg.name}@${pkg.version} version`.nothrow()).exitCode === 0) {
+if (!dryRun && (await $`npm view ${pkg.name}@${pkg.version} version`.nothrow()).exitCode === 0) {
  console.log(`already published ${pkg.name}@${pkg.version}`)
  process.exit(0)
 }
@@ -29,16 +35,38 @@ try {
      return [
        key,
        {
-          import: value.replace("./src/", "./dist/").replace(/\.ts$/, ".js"),
-          types: value.replace("./src/", "./dist/").replace(/\.ts$/, ".d.ts"),
+          import: output(value),
+          types: output(value, true),
        },
      ]
    }),
  )
+  pkg.imports = Object.fromEntries(
+    Object.entries(pkg.imports).map(([key, conditions]) => [
+      key,
+      Object.fromEntries(Object.entries(conditions).map(([condition, value]) => [condition, output(value)])),
+    ]),
+  )
  await Bun.write("package.json", JSON.stringify(pkg, null, 2) + "\n")
  await rm(tarball, { force: true })
  await $`bun pm pack`
-  await $`npm publish ${tarball} --tag ${Script.channel} --access public`
+  const consumer = await mkdtemp(join(tmpdir(), "opencode-codemode-"))
+  try {
+    await Bun.write(
+      join(consumer, "package.json"),
+      JSON.stringify({
+        private: true,
+        type: "module",
+        dependencies: { [pkg.name]: `file:${join(process.cwd(), tarball)}` },
+      }),
+    )
+    await $`npm install --ignore-scripts --no-audit --no-fund`.cwd(consumer)
+    await $`node --input-type=module -e ${`await import(${JSON.stringify(pkg.name)})`}`.cwd(consumer)
+    await $`bun --conditions=workerd -e ${`await import(${JSON.stringify(pkg.name)})`}`.cwd(consumer)
+  } finally {
+    await rm(consumer, { recursive: true, force: true })
+  }
+  if (!dryRun) await $`npm publish ${tarball} --tag ${Script.channel} --access public`
 } finally {
  await Bun.write("package.json", originalText)
  await rm(tarball, { force: true })
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 {
  "version": "7",
  "dialect": "sqlite",
-  "id": "3fb67508-0196-4bae-b2bd-c08ece7583fd",
-  "prevIds": ["dcde8e6b-4bf4-4f6b-b2be-4030c2c3e936"],
+  "id": "be60f352-8da1-40e1-8d70-dc41121cfbc5",
+  "prevIds": ["3fb67508-0196-4bae-b2bd-c08ece7583fd"],
  "ddl": [
    {
      "name": "account_state",
@@ -1442,7 +1442,7 @@
    },
    {
      "type": "text",
-      "notNull": true,
+      "notNull": false,
      "autoincrement": false,
      "default": null,
      "generated": null,
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ async function generate() {
          renderMigration(name, await Bun.file(path.join(incremental, name, "migration.sql")).text()),
        ),
      )
-      await fs.copyFile(path.join(incremental, name, "snapshot.json"), snapshot)
+      await Bun.write(snapshot, await formatJson(await Bun.file(path.join(incremental, name, "snapshot.json")).text()))
    }

    await fs.mkdir(full)
@@ -192,6 +192,19 @@ async function formatTypescript(input: string) {
  })
 }

+// Drizzle emits every array multi-line; format the snapshot so regeneration
+// diffs stay minimal against the prettier-styled checked-in copy.
+async function formatJson(input: string) {
+  const prettier = await import("prettier")
+  const babel = await import("prettier/plugins/babel")
+  const estree = await import("prettier/plugins/estree")
+  return prettier.format(input, {
+    parser: "json",
+    plugins: [babel.default, estree.default],
+    printWidth: 120,
+  })
+}
+
 function renderRegistry(names: string[]) {
  return `import type { DatabaseMigration } from "./migration.js"
 ${names.map((name, index) => `import m${index.toString().padStart(2, "0")} from "./migration/${name}.js"`).join("\n")}
@@ -44,6 +44,7 @@ import m41 from "./migration/20260811161259_execution_claim_attempts.js"
 import m42 from "./migration/20260812181746_session_inbox.js"
 import m43 from "./migration/20260812213948_worktree.js"
 import m44 from "./migration/20260819222447_session_viewed_state.js"
+import m45 from "./migration/20260823191254_nullable_workspace_binding.js"

 export const migrations = [
  m00,
@@ -91,4 +92,5 @@ export const migrations = [
  m42,
  m43,
  m44,
+  m45,
 ] satisfies DatabaseMigration.Migration[]
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+import { Effect } from "effect"
+import type { DatabaseMigration } from "../migration.js"
+
+const migration: DatabaseMigration.Migration = {
+  id: "20260823191254_nullable_workspace_binding",
+  foreignKeys: false,
+  up(tx) {
+    return Effect.gen(function* () {
+      yield* tx.run(`
+        CREATE TABLE \`__new_workspace\` (
+          \`id\` text PRIMARY KEY,
+          \`provider\` text NOT NULL,
+          \`binding\` text,
+          \`created_at\` integer NOT NULL,
+          \`last_used_at\` integer NOT NULL
+        );
+      `)
+      yield* tx.run(
+        `INSERT INTO \`__new_workspace\`(\`id\`, \`provider\`, \`binding\`, \`created_at\`, \`last_used_at\`) SELECT \`id\`, \`provider\`, \`binding\`, \`created_at\`, \`last_used_at\` FROM \`workspace\`;`,
+      )
+      yield* tx.run(`DROP TABLE \`workspace\`;`)
+      yield* tx.run(`ALTER TABLE \`__new_workspace\` RENAME TO \`workspace\`;`)
+    })
+  },
+}
+
+export default migration
@@ -223,7 +223,7 @@ const schema: Omit<DatabaseMigration.Migration, "id"> = {
        CREATE TABLE \`workspace\` (
          \`id\` text PRIMARY KEY,
          \`provider\` text NOT NULL,
-          \`binding\` text NOT NULL,
+          \`binding\` text,
          \`created_at\` integer NOT NULL,
          \`last_used_at\` integer NOT NULL
        );
@@ -63,7 +63,13 @@ const baseLayer = Layer.effect(
    const fs = yield* FSUtil.Service
    const location = yield* Location.Service
    const search = yield* FileSystemSearch.Service
-    const root = yield* fs.realPath(location.directory).pipe(Effect.orDie)
+    // Workspace-placed directories exist only inside the workspace, so a host
+    // realpath probe at boot consults the wrong filesystem and would block
+    // construction on servers without a matching local directory. Treat the
+    // configured directory as canonical; local placements keep symlink
+    // canonicalization. This skip is boot-only: resolve/read/list below still
+    // access the host filesystem per operation (tracked in #44568).
+    const root = location.workspaceID ? location.directory : yield* fs.realPath(location.directory).pipe(Effect.orDie)
    const resolve = Effect.fnUntraced(function* (input?: RelativePath) {
      const absolute = path.resolve(location.directory, input ?? ".")
      if (!FSUtil.contains(location.directory, absolute))
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ export * as FileSystemSearch from "./search.js"

 import { makeLocationNode } from "@opencode-ai/util/effect/app-node"
 import path from "path"
-import { Clock, Context, Duration, Effect, Layer, Schema, Scope } from "effect"
+import { Clock, Context, Deferred, Duration, Effect, Layer, Schema, Scope } from "effect"
 import { Fff } from "#fff"
 import fuzzysort from "fuzzysort"
 import { FileSystem } from "../filesystem.js"
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ export const ripgrepLayer = Layer.effect(
    let index = emptyIndex()
    let initialized = false
    let settledAt = Number.NEGATIVE_INFINITY
-    let refreshing = false
+    let refreshing: Deferred.Deferred<void> | undefined
    const scan = Effect.gen(function* () {
      const next = emptyIndex()
      const previous = index
@@ -84,21 +84,25 @@ export const ripgrepLayer = Layer.effect(
      })
      index = next
      initialized = true
-    }).pipe(
-      Effect.orDie,
-      Effect.ensuring(
-        Effect.sync(() => {
-          settledAt = clock.currentTimeMillisUnsafe()
-          refreshing = false
-        }),
-      ),
-    )
-    const refresh = Effect.sync(() => {
-      if (refreshing || clock.currentTimeMillisUnsafe() < settledAt + REFRESH_INTERVAL) return
-      refreshing = true
-      return scan
-    }).pipe(Effect.flatMap((effect) => (effect ? effect.pipe(Effect.forkIn(scope)) : Effect.void)))
-    yield* refresh
+    }).pipe(Effect.orDie)
+    const refresh = Effect.suspend(() => {
+      if (refreshing) return initialized ? Effect.void : Deferred.await(refreshing)
+      if (initialized && clock.currentTimeMillisUnsafe() < settledAt + REFRESH_INTERVAL) return Effect.void
+
+      const attempt = Deferred.makeUnsafe<void>()
+      refreshing = attempt
+      return scan.pipe(
+        Effect.onExit((exit) =>
+          Effect.sync(() => {
+            settledAt = clock.currentTimeMillisUnsafe()
+            if (refreshing === attempt) refreshing = undefined
+            Deferred.doneUnsafe(attempt, exit)
+          }),
+        ),
+        Effect.forkIn(scope),
+        Effect.flatMap(() => (initialized ? Effect.void : Deferred.await(attempt))),
+      )
+    })
    return Service.of({
      find: (input) =>
        Effect.gen(function* () {
@@ -180,9 +184,12 @@ export const fffLayer = Layer.effect(
 export const layer = (options?: Options) =>
  Layer.unwrap(
    Effect.gen(function* () {
+      const location = yield* Location.Service
+      // Workspace-backed Locations resolve in a remote sandbox; fff would index the local server directory
+      // in-process and serve wrong results. Ripgrep routes through the Location environment spawner.
+      if (location.workspaceID) return ripgrepLayer
      if (options?.fff === false || (options?.fff === undefined && process.platform === "win32") || !Fff.available())
        return ripgrepLayer
-      const location = yield* Location.Service
      // Non-VCS locations can contain many repositories, so avoid eagerly content-indexing the entire aggregate tree.
      return location.vcs && !Protected.isHome(location.directory) ? fffLayer : ripgrepLayer
    }),
@@ -7,7 +7,6 @@ import {
 import { convertToBase64, parseProviderOptions } from "@ai-sdk/provider-utils"
 import { z } from "zod/v4"
 import type { OpenAIResponsesInput, OpenAIResponsesReasoning } from "./openai-responses-api-types.js"
-import { localShellInputSchema, localShellOutputSchema } from "./tool/local-shell.js"

 /**
 * Check if a string is a file ID based on the given prefixes
@@ -23,13 +22,11 @@ export async function convertToOpenAIResponsesInput({
  systemMessageMode,
  fileIdPrefixes,
  store,
-  hasLocalShellTool = false,
 }: {
  prompt: LanguageModelV3Prompt
  systemMessageMode: "system" | "developer" | "remove"
  fileIdPrefixes?: readonly string[]
  store: boolean
-  hasLocalShellTool?: boolean
 }): Promise<{
  input: OpenAIResponsesInput
  warnings: Array<SharedV3Warning>
@@ -138,25 +135,6 @@ export async function convertToOpenAIResponsesInput({
                break
              }

-              if (hasLocalShellTool && part.toolName === "local_shell") {
-                const parsedInput = localShellInputSchema.parse(part.input)
-                input.push({
-                  type: "local_shell_call",
-                  call_id: part.toolCallId,
-                  id: store ? ((part.providerOptions?.copilot?.itemId as string) ?? undefined) : undefined,
-                  action: {
-                    type: "exec",
-                    command: parsedInput.action.command,
-                    timeout_ms: parsedInput.action.timeoutMs,
-                    user: parsedInput.action.user,
-                    working_directory: parsedInput.action.workingDirectory,
-                    env: parsedInput.action.env,
-                  },
-                })
-
-                break
-              }
-
              input.push({
                type: "function_call",
                call_id: part.toolCallId,
@@ -261,15 +239,6 @@ export async function convertToOpenAIResponsesInput({
            }
          }

-          if (hasLocalShellTool && part.toolName === "local_shell" && output.type === "json") {
-            input.push({
-              type: "local_shell_call_output",
-              call_id: part.toolCallId,
-              output: localShellOutputSchema.parse(output.value).output,
-            })
-            break
-          }
-
          let contentValue: string
          switch (output.type) {
            case "text":
@@ -9,8 +9,6 @@ export type OpenAIResponsesInputItem =
  | OpenAIResponsesFunctionCall
  | OpenAIResponsesFunctionCallOutput
  | OpenAIResponsesComputerCall
-  | OpenAIResponsesLocalShellCall
-  | OpenAIResponsesLocalShellCallOutput
  | OpenAIResponsesReasoning
  | OpenAIResponsesItemReference
  | OpenAIResponsesMcpApprovalResponse
@@ -69,26 +67,6 @@ export type OpenAIResponsesComputerCall = {
  status?: string
 }

-export type OpenAIResponsesLocalShellCall = {
-  type: "local_shell_call"
-  id?: string
-  call_id: string
-  action: {
-    type: "exec"
-    command: string[]
-    timeout_ms?: number
-    user?: string
-    working_directory?: string
-    env?: Record<string, string>
-  }
-}
-
-export type OpenAIResponsesLocalShellCallOutput = {
-  type: "local_shell_call_output"
-  call_id: string
-  output: string
-}
-
 export type OpenAIResponsesItemReference = {
  type: "item_reference"
  id: string
@@ -199,9 +177,6 @@ export type OpenAIResponsesTool =
      quality: "auto" | "low" | "medium" | "high" | undefined
      size: "auto" | "1024x1024" | "1024x1536" | "1536x1024" | undefined
    }
-  | {
-      type: "local_shell"
-    }

 export type OpenAIResponsesReasoning = {
  type: "reasoning"
@@ -29,7 +29,6 @@ import { mapOpenAIResponseFinishReason } from "./map-openai-responses-finish-rea
 import type { OpenAIResponsesIncludeOptions, OpenAIResponsesIncludeValue } from "./openai-responses-api-types.js"
 import { prepareResponsesTools } from "./openai-responses-prepare-tools.js"
 import type { OpenAIResponsesModelId } from "./openai-responses-settings.js"
-import { localShellInputSchema } from "./tool/local-shell.js"

 const webSearchCallItem = z.object({
  type: z.literal("web_search_call"),
@@ -86,20 +85,6 @@ const codeInterpreterCallItem = z.object({
    .nullable(),
 })

-const localShellCallItem = z.object({
-  type: z.literal("local_shell_call"),
-  id: z.string(),
-  call_id: z.string(),
-  action: z.object({
-    type: z.literal("exec"),
-    command: z.array(z.string()),
-    timeout_ms: z.number().optional(),
-    user: z.string().optional(),
-    working_directory: z.string().optional(),
-    env: z.record(z.string(), z.string()).optional(),
-  }),
-})
-
 const imageGenerationCallItem = z.object({
  type: z.literal("image_generation_call"),
  id: z.string(),
@@ -205,7 +190,6 @@ export class OpenAIResponsesLanguageModel implements LanguageModelV3 {
      systemMessageMode: modelConfig.systemMessageMode,
      fileIdPrefixes: this.config.fileIdPrefixes,
      store,
-      hasLocalShellTool: hasOpenAITool("openai.local_shell"),
    })

    warnings.push(...inputWarnings)
@@ -462,7 +446,6 @@ export class OpenAIResponsesLanguageModel implements LanguageModelV3 {
              fileSearchCallItem,
              codeInterpreterCallItem,
              imageGenerationCallItem,
-              localShellCallItem,
              z.object({
                type: z.literal("function_call"),
                call_id: z.string(),
@@ -560,22 +543,6 @@ export class OpenAIResponsesLanguageModel implements LanguageModelV3 {
          break
        }

-        case "local_shell_call": {
-          content.push({
-            type: "tool-call",
-            toolCallId: part.call_id,
-            toolName: "local_shell",
-            input: JSON.stringify({ action: part.action } satisfies z.infer<typeof localShellInputSchema>),
-            providerMetadata: {
-              copilot: {
-                itemId: part.id,
-              },
-            },
-          })
-
-          break
-        }
-
        case "message": {
          for (const contentPart of part.content) {
            if (options.providerOptions?.copilot?.logprobs && contentPart.logprobs) {
@@ -1093,27 +1060,6 @@ export class OpenAIResponsesLanguageModel implements LanguageModelV3 {
                    result: value.item.result,
                  } satisfies z.infer<typeof imageGenerationOutputSchema>,
                })
-              } else if (value.item.type === "local_shell_call") {
-                ongoingToolCalls[value.output_index] = undefined
-
-                controller.enqueue({
-                  type: "tool-call",
-                  toolCallId: value.item.call_id,
-                  toolName: "local_shell",
-                  input: JSON.stringify({
-                    action: {
-                      type: "exec",
-                      command: value.item.action.command,
-                      timeoutMs: value.item.action.timeout_ms,
-                      user: value.item.action.user,
-                      workingDirectory: value.item.action.working_directory,
-                      env: value.item.action.env,
-                    },
-                  } satisfies z.infer<typeof localShellInputSchema>),
-                  providerMetadata: {
-                    copilot: { itemId: value.item.id },
-                  },
-                })
              } else if (value.item.type === "message") {
                if (currentTextId) {
                  controller.enqueue({
@@ -1528,7 +1474,6 @@ const responseOutputItemDoneSchema = z.object({
    imageGenerationCallItem,
    webSearchCallItem,
    fileSearchCallItem,
-    localShellCallItem,
    z.object({
      type: z.literal("computer_call"),
      id: z.string(),
@@ -70,12 +70,6 @@ export function prepareResponsesTools({

            break
          }
-          case "openai.local_shell": {
-            openaiTools.push({
-              type: "local_shell",
-            })
-            break
-          }
          case "openai.web_search_preview": {
            const args = webSearchPreviewArgsSchema.parse(tool.args)
            openaiTools.push({
@@ -1,16 +0,0 @@
-import { z } from "zod/v4"
-
-export const localShellInputSchema = z.object({
-  action: z.object({
-    type: z.literal("exec"),
-    command: z.array(z.string()),
-    timeoutMs: z.number().optional(),
-    user: z.string().optional(),
-    workingDirectory: z.string().optional(),
-    env: z.record(z.string(), z.string()).optional(),
-  }),
-})
-
-export const localShellOutputSchema = z.object({
-  output: z.string(),
-})
@@ -147,7 +147,14 @@ export function buildLocationServiceMap(
            Layer.provide(LayerNode.compile(location.hoisted)),
          )
        },
-        { idleTimeToLive: (ref) => (existsSync(ref.directory) ? Duration.infinity : Duration.zero) },
+        {
+          // Workspace-placed directories exist only inside the workspace, so a
+          // local stat consults the wrong filesystem. Workspace liveness is
+          // owned by placement; do not probe the sandbox here, which would
+          // provision lazily-idle workspaces.
+          idleTimeToLive: (ref) =>
+            ref.workspaceID !== undefined || existsSync(ref.directory) ? Duration.infinity : Duration.zero,
+        },
      ),
      (inner) => ({
        ...inner,
@@ -273,28 +273,53 @@ export const layer = (options?: Options) =>
          return MCPOAuth.provider({ ...base, store: MCPOAuth.memoryStore() })
        const credentialID = found.id
        const methodID = found.value.methodID
-        let current: Credential.OAuth | undefined = found.value
+        const integrationID = entry.integrationID
+        // Tracks the refresh token this provider last presented, so invalidate can tell whether the SDK
+        // rejected the currently-stored credential or a snapshot another connection has already rotated past.
+        let presented = found.value.refresh
+        const readOAuthCredential = async () => {
+          const stored = await Effect.runPromise(credentials.list(integrationID))
+          const match = stored.find((credential) => credential.id === credentialID)
+          return match && match.value.type === "oauth" ? match.value : undefined
+        }
        return MCPOAuth.provider({
          ...base,
-          // Drop a credential the SDK rejected so the next connect cleanly reports needs_auth. Uses the raw
-          // credential service (no integration event) to avoid re-triggering the reconnect subscriber mid-connect.
+          // Drop a credential the SDK rejected so the next connect cleanly reports needs_auth — but only if it is
+          // still the stored one. Rotating servers hand out a fresh refresh token per use, so a concurrent
+          // connection may have already replaced ours; deleting then would discard the newer valid credential and
+          // strand every connection in needs_auth until a manual re-auth. Uses the raw credential service (no
+          // integration event) to avoid re-triggering the reconnect subscriber mid-connect.
          invalidate: async (scope) => {
            if (scope === "verifier" || scope === "discovery") return
-            current = undefined
+            const oauth = await readOAuthCredential()
+            if (!oauth || oauth.refresh !== presented) return
            await Effect.runPromise(credentials.remove(credentialID))
          },
+          // Always read the latest stored tokens instead of caching at connect time: with refresh-token rotation,
+          // a cached snapshot goes stale the moment another connection refreshes, and re-presenting the consumed
+          // token fails with invalid_grant.
          store: {
-            tokens: async () => (current ? MCPOAuth.toTokens(current) : undefined),
+            tokens: async () => {
+              const oauth = await readOAuthCredential()
+              if (!oauth) return undefined
+              presented = oauth.refresh
+              return MCPOAuth.toTokens(oauth)
+            },
            saveTokens: async (tokens) => {
-              current = MCPOAuth.toCredential({
+              const previous = await readOAuthCredential()
+              const value = MCPOAuth.toCredential({
                methodID,
                serverUrl: remote.url,
                tokens,
-                client: current ? MCPOAuth.clientFromCredential(current) : undefined,
+                client: previous ? MCPOAuth.clientFromCredential(previous) : undefined,
              })
-              await Effect.runPromise(credentials.update(credentialID, { value: current }))
+              presented = value.refresh
+              await Effect.runPromise(credentials.update(credentialID, { value }))
+            },
+            clientInformation: async () => {
+              const oauth = await readOAuthCredential()
+              return oauth ? MCPOAuth.clientFromCredential(oauth) : undefined
            },
-            clientInformation: async () => (current ? MCPOAuth.clientFromCredential(current) : undefined),
            saveClientInformation: async () => {},
            codeVerifier: async () => undefined,
            saveCodeVerifier: async () => {},
@@ -6,7 +6,6 @@ import { Global } from "@opencode-ai/util/global"
 import { Effect, Stream } from "effect"
 import path from "path"
 import { Agent } from "../agent.js"
-import { Environment } from "../environment/index.js"
 import { Permission } from "../permission.js"
 import { SessionEvent } from "../session/event.js"

@@ -28,12 +27,9 @@ You are NO LONGER in Plan mode. The previous Plan restrictions no longer apply.
 export const Plugin = define({
  id: "opencode.plan",
  effect: Effect.fn(function* (ctx) {
-    const environment = yield* Environment.Service
    const global = yield* Global.Service
    const directory = path.join(global.home, ".opencode", "plan")
    const enterReminder = enter(directory)
-    yield* environment.files.mkdir(directory).pipe(Effect.orDie)
-
    yield* ctx.agent.transform((draft) => {
      draft.update(plan, (item) => {
        item.name = Agent.Name.make("Plan")
@@ -30,13 +30,7 @@ export interface Coordinator<Key, E, Reason = never> {
 * with this execution's exit.
 */
 type Execution<E, Reason> = {
-  /**
-   * Resolves with the execution's exit as a success value. Success-valued on purpose:
-   * completing a Deferred with an interrupted exit interrupts suspended waiters as it
-   * resumes them, and can starve later waiters of their resume entirely
-   * (Effect-TS/effect#7364). Joiners flatten the exit; idleness waiters just await.
-   */
-  readonly done: Deferred.Deferred<Exit.Exit<void, E>>
+  readonly done: Deferred.Deferred<void, E>
  owner?: Fiber.Fiber<void>
  scope: Promotable
  pendingWake?: Promotable
@@ -84,7 +78,7 @@ export const make = <Key, E, Reason = never>(options: {

    const start = (key: Key, force: boolean, scope: Promotable) => {
      const execution: Execution<E, Reason> = {
-        done: Deferred.makeUnsafe<Exit.Exit<void, E>>(),
+        done: Deferred.makeUnsafe<void, E>(),
        scope,
        stopping: false,
      }
@@ -114,7 +108,7 @@ export const make = <Key, E, Reason = never>(options: {
    const settle = (key: Key, execution: Execution<E, Reason>, exit: Exit.Exit<void, E>) => {
      if (execution.pendingWake) start(key, false, execution.pendingWake)
      else executions.delete(key)
-      Deferred.doneUnsafe(execution.done, Exit.succeed(exit))
+      Deferred.doneUnsafe(execution.done, exit)
    }

    const run = (key: Key): Effect.Effect<void, E> =>
@@ -122,10 +116,11 @@ export const make = <Key, E, Reason = never>(options: {
        const execution = executions.get(key)
        if (execution !== undefined) {
          // A stopping execution refuses joiners: wait out its cleanup, then run fresh.
-          if (execution.stopping) return Deferred.await(execution.done).pipe(Effect.andThen(run(key)))
-          return Deferred.await(execution.done).pipe(Effect.flatten)
+          if (execution.stopping)
+            return Deferred.await(execution.done).pipe(Effect.ignoreCause, Effect.andThen(run(key)))
+          return Deferred.await(execution.done)
        }
-        return Deferred.await(start(key, true, "input").done).pipe(Effect.flatten)
+        return Deferred.await(start(key, true, "input").done)
      })

    const wake = (key: Key, scope: Promotable = "input") =>
@@ -167,7 +162,7 @@ export const make = <Key, E, Reason = never>(options: {
      Effect.suspend(() => {
        const execution = executions.get(key)
        if (execution === undefined) return Effect.void
-        return Deferred.await(execution.done).pipe(Effect.andThen(awaitIdle(key)))
+        return Deferred.await(execution.done).pipe(Effect.ignoreCause, Effect.andThen(awaitIdle(key)))
      })

    return { active: Effect.sync(() => new Set(executions.keys())), run, wake, interrupt, awaitIdle }
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ import {
  type ProviderErrorEvent,
  type ToolCall,
 } from "@opencode-ai/ai"
-import { Cause, Config, Data, Effect, Exit, Fiber, FiberSet, Layer, Option, Pull, Schedule, Stream } from "effect"
+import { Cause, Config, Data, Effect, Exit, Fiber, FiberMap, Layer, Option, Pull, Schedule, Stream } from "effect"
 import { Database } from "../../database/database.js"
 import { Bus } from "../../bus.js"
 import { Permission } from "../../permission.js"
@@ -165,9 +165,7 @@ const layer = Layer.effect(
      )
    })
    // Title generation starts once input is visible and must not delay model execution.
-    // The in-flight set coalesces overlapping prompts while title presence records success durably.
-    const titlesRunning = new Set<SessionSchema.ID>()
-    const forkTitle = yield* FiberSet.makeRuntime<never, void, never>()
+    const titles = yield* FiberMap.make<SessionSchema.ID, void, never>()
    /**
     * Drains eligible manual compaction and user input until the Session becomes idle.
     * Execution lifecycle is published per busy period by SessionExecution, not here.
@@ -334,7 +332,10 @@ const layer = Layer.effect(
      // a blocked first step leaves pending inputs untouched.
      yield* InstructionState.prepare(db, bus, selected.instructions, selected.session.id)
      const promoted = promotable ? yield* SessionInbox.promote(db, bus, selected.session.id, promotable) : 0
-      if (promoted > 0) yield* startTitle(sessionID)
+      if (promoted > 0)
+        yield* FiberMap.run(titles, sessionID, title.generateForFirstPrompt(sessionID).pipe(Effect.ignore), {
+          onlyIfMissing: true,
+        })
      // Promoted input opens a fresh step allowance.
      const currentStep = promoted > 0 ? 1 : step
      const loaded = yield* context.load(selected)
@@ -715,22 +716,6 @@ const layer = Layer.effect(
      }
    })

-    /** Starts one title request at a time after a successful step makes user input visible. */
-    const startTitle = Effect.fnUntraced(function* (sessionID: SessionSchema.ID) {
-      if (titlesRunning.has(sessionID)) return
-      titlesRunning.add(sessionID)
-      forkTitle(
-        title.generateForFirstPrompt(sessionID).pipe(
-          Effect.ignore,
-          Effect.ensuring(
-            Effect.sync(() => {
-              titlesRunning.delete(sessionID)
-            }),
-          ),
-        ),
-      )
-    })
-
    const getSession = Effect.fn("SessionRunner.getSession")(function* (sessionID: SessionSchema.ID) {
      const session = yield* store.get(sessionID)
      if (!session) return yield* Effect.die(new Error(`Session not found: ${sessionID}`))
@@ -90,6 +90,7 @@ const layer = Layer.effect(
    ) {
      const beforeEvent: PluginHooks.Domains["tool"]["execute.before"] = {
        tool: name,
+        inputSchema: definition(tool).inputSchema,
        sessionID: context.sessionID,
        agent: context.agent,
        messageID: context.messageID,
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ export * as Workspace from "./workspace.js"
 import { Workspace } from "@opencode-ai/schema/workspace"
 import { makeGlobalNode } from "@opencode-ai/util/effect/app-node"
 import { eq } from "drizzle-orm"
-import { Clock, Context, Duration, Effect, Exit, Layer, Ref, Schedule, Schema, Scope } from "effect"
+import { Clock, Context, Deferred, Duration, Effect, Exit, FiberSet, Layer, Ref, Schedule, Schema, Scope } from "effect"
 import { systemError } from "effect/PlatformError"
 import { make } from "effect/unstable/process/ChildProcessSpawner"
 import type { Driver as EnvironmentDriver } from "./environment/driver.js"
@@ -26,7 +26,12 @@ export class Info extends Schema.Class<Info>("Workspace.Info")({
 export class NotFound extends Schema.TaggedError<NotFound>()("Workspace.NotFound", { workspaceID: ID }) {}

 export interface Interface {
-  readonly create: (provider: string) => Effect.Effect<Info, WorkspaceDriver.Error | WorkspaceDriver.ProviderNotFound>
+  /** Instantly commits a logical workspace ID. No provider work happens here. */
+  readonly create: (provider: string) => Effect.Effect<ID, WorkspaceDriver.ProviderNotFound>
+  /** Starts or joins the shared attempt that makes the backing resource real, then returns it. */
+  readonly provision: (
+    workspaceID: ID,
+  ) => Effect.Effect<Info, NotFound | WorkspaceDriver.Error | WorkspaceDriver.ProviderNotFound>
  readonly connect: (
    workspaceID: ID,
  ) => Effect.Effect<EnvironmentDriver, NotFound | WorkspaceDriver.Error | WorkspaceDriver.ProviderNotFound>
@@ -51,6 +56,8 @@ interface Connection {
  readonly scope: Scope.Closeable
 }

+type ReadinessError = NotFound | WorkspaceDriver.Error | WorkspaceDriver.ProviderNotFound
+
 export const configured = (options: Options = {}) =>
  makeGlobalNode({
    service: Service,
@@ -66,7 +73,10 @@ const layer = (options: Options) =>
      const registry = yield* WorkspaceDriver.RegistryService
      const lifetime = yield* Scope.Scope
      const connections = new Map<ID, Connection>()
+      // Destroy cancels the racing provision body by settling the deferred.
+      const attempts = new Map<ID, Deferred.Deferred<Info, ReadinessError>>()
      const locks = KeyedMutex.makeUnsafe<ID>()
+      const fork = yield* FiberSet.makeRuntime<never, void, never>()
      const idleThreshold = Duration.toMillis(options.idleThreshold ?? Duration.minutes(20))

      const load = Effect.fn("Workspace.load")(function* (workspaceID: ID) {
@@ -80,29 +90,75 @@ const layer = (options: Options) =>
        return row
      })

+      const saveBinding = (workspaceID: ID, binding: WorkspaceDriver.Binding) =>
+        db.update(WorkspaceTable).set({ binding }).where(eq(WorkspaceTable.id, workspaceID)).run().pipe(Effect.orDie)
+
+      const info = (row: typeof WorkspaceTable.$inferSelect, binding: WorkspaceDriver.Binding) =>
+        new Info({
+          id: row.id,
+          provider: row.provider,
+          binding,
+          createdAt: row.created_at,
+          lastUsedAt: row.last_used_at,
+        })
+
+      const provision = Effect.fn("Workspace.provision")((workspaceID: ID) =>
+        Effect.suspend(() => {
+          const existing = attempts.get(workspaceID)
+          if (existing) return Deferred.await(existing)
+
+          const attempt = Deferred.makeUnsafe<Info, ReadinessError>()
+          attempts.set(workspaceID, attempt)
+          fork(
+            locks
+              .withLock(workspaceID)(
+                Effect.gen(function* () {
+                  const row = yield* load(workspaceID)
+                  if (row.binding) return info(row, row.binding)
+                  const driver = yield* registry.get(row.provider)
+                  const result = yield* driver.create({ workspaceID })
+                  yield* saveBinding(workspaceID, result.binding)
+                  return info(row, result.binding)
+                }),
+              )
+              .pipe(
+                Effect.raceFirst(Deferred.await(attempt)),
+                Effect.onExit((exit) =>
+                  Effect.sync(() => {
+                    if (attempts.get(workspaceID) === attempt) attempts.delete(workspaceID)
+                    Deferred.doneUnsafe(attempt, exit)
+                  }),
+                ),
+                Effect.exit,
+                Effect.asVoid,
+              ),
+          )
+          return Deferred.await(attempt)
+        }),
+      )
+
      const open = Effect.fn("Workspace.open")(function* (workspaceID: ID) {
        const existing = connections.get(workspaceID)
        if (existing) return existing

        const row = yield* load(workspaceID)
+        // Bindings are persisted before provision resolves and never nulled; a raced
+        // destroy deletes the whole row and surfaces as NotFound from load above.
+        if (!row.binding) return yield* Effect.die(`workspace ${workspaceID} has no binding after provision`)
        const driver = yield* registry.get(row.provider)
-        const saveBinding = (value: WorkspaceDriver.Binding) =>
-          db
-            .update(WorkspaceTable)
-            .set({ binding: value })
-            .where(eq(WorkspaceTable.id, workspaceID))
-            .run()
-            .pipe(Effect.orDie)
+        const persistBinding = (binding: WorkspaceDriver.Binding) => saveBinding(workspaceID, binding)
        const scope = yield* Scope.fork(lifetime)
-        const environment = yield* driver.connect({ workspaceID, binding: row.binding, saveBinding }).pipe(
-          Effect.provideService(Scope.Scope, scope),
-          Effect.onError((cause) => Scope.close(scope, Exit.failCause(cause))),
-        )
+        const environment = yield* driver
+          .connect({ workspaceID, binding: row.binding, saveBinding: persistBinding })
+          .pipe(
+            Effect.provideService(Scope.Scope, scope),
+            Effect.onError((cause) => Scope.close(scope, Exit.failCause(cause))),
+          )
        const now = yield* Clock.currentTimeMillis
        const connection: Connection = {
          driver,
          environment,
-          saveBinding,
+          saveBinding: persistBinding,
          lastActivity: yield* Ref.make(now),
          active: yield* Ref.make(0),
          scope,
@@ -129,6 +185,7 @@ const layer = (options: Options) =>
                const lastActivity = yield* Ref.get(connection.lastActivity)
                if (now - lastActivity < idleThreshold) return
                const row = yield* load(workspaceID)
+                if (!row.binding) return
                // Deliberate: a racing spawn blocks, then wakes cleanly. Unlocking mid-suspend could reattach a sandbox being terminated.
                yield* connection.driver.suspendForIdle({
                  workspaceID,
@@ -151,37 +208,41 @@ const layer = (options: Options) =>

      return Service.of({
        create: Effect.fn("Workspace.create")(function* (provider) {
-          const driver = yield* registry.get(provider)
+          yield* registry.get(provider)
          const workspaceID = ID.create()
-          const result = yield* driver.create({ workspaceID })
          const now = yield* Clock.currentTimeMillis
          yield* db
            .insert(WorkspaceTable)
-            .values({ id: workspaceID, provider, binding: result.binding, created_at: now, last_used_at: now })
+            .values({ id: workspaceID, provider, binding: null, created_at: now, last_used_at: now })
            .run()
            .pipe(Effect.orDie)
-          return new Info({ id: workspaceID, provider, binding: result.binding, createdAt: now, lastUsedAt: now })
+          return workspaceID
        }),
+        provision,
        connect: Effect.fn("Workspace.connect")(function* (workspaceID) {
          const spawner = make((command) =>
            Effect.acquireRelease(
-              locks.withLock(workspaceID)(
-                Effect.gen(function* () {
-                  const connection = yield* open(workspaceID).pipe(
-                    Effect.mapError((cause) =>
-                      systemError({
-                        _tag: "Unknown",
-                        module: "Workspace",
-                        method: "spawn",
-                        description: `Failed to wake workspace ${workspaceID}`,
-                        cause,
-                      }),
-                    ),
-                  )
-                  yield* Ref.set(connection.lastActivity, yield* Clock.currentTimeMillis)
-                  yield* Ref.update(connection.active, (active) => active + 1)
-                  return connection
-                }),
+              // A live connection implies the binding is already persisted, so skip the provision hop.
+              Effect.suspend(() => (connections.has(workspaceID) ? Effect.void : provision(workspaceID))).pipe(
+                Effect.andThen(
+                  locks.withLock(workspaceID)(
+                    Effect.gen(function* () {
+                      const connection = yield* open(workspaceID)
+                      yield* Ref.set(connection.lastActivity, yield* Clock.currentTimeMillis)
+                      yield* Ref.update(connection.active, (active) => active + 1)
+                      return connection
+                    }),
+                  ),
+                ),
+                Effect.mapError((cause) =>
+                  systemError({
+                    _tag: "Unknown",
+                    module: "Workspace",
+                    method: "spawn",
+                    description: `Failed to wake workspace ${workspaceID}`,
+                    cause,
+                  }),
+                ),
              ),
              (connection) =>
                locks.withLock(workspaceID)(
@@ -196,14 +257,32 @@ const layer = (options: Options) =>
          return { spawner }
        }),
        destroy: Effect.fn("Workspace.destroy")(function* (workspaceID) {
+          // Settling the shared attempt cancels its racing provision body and fails
+          // waiters with NotFound before teardown commits. Accepted tradeoffs: if the
+          // locked teardown below fails, those waiters saw NotFound for a workspace
+          // that still exists (the next provision retries it), and a provision racing
+          // this window may briefly succeed before teardown destroys its fresh binding.
+          const attempt = attempts.get(workspaceID)
+          if (attempt) {
+            attempts.delete(workspaceID)
+            Deferred.doneUnsafe(attempt, Exit.fail(new NotFound({ workspaceID })))
+          }
          yield* locks.withLock(workspaceID)(
            Effect.gen(function* () {
              const row = yield* load(workspaceID)
              const connection = connections.get(workspaceID)
              connections.delete(workspaceID)
              if (connection) yield* Scope.close(connection.scope, Exit.void)
-              const driver = yield* registry.get(row.provider)
-              yield* driver.destroy({ workspaceID, binding: row.binding })
+              // Null binding still reaches the driver: an interrupted or crashed
+              // provision may have created a resource that was never persisted. A
+              // provider missing from the registry cannot block deleting a
+              // never-provisioned row.
+              yield* registry.get(row.provider).pipe(
+                Effect.flatMap((driver) => driver.destroy({ workspaceID, binding: row.binding })),
+                Effect.catchTag("WorkspaceDriver.ProviderNotFound", (error) =>
+                  row.binding ? Effect.fail(error) : Effect.void,
+                ),
+              )
              yield* db.delete(WorkspaceTable).where(eq(WorkspaceTable.id, workspaceID)).run().pipe(Effect.orDie)
            }),
          )
@@ -216,4 +295,8 @@ export const node = configured()

 // TODO(workspace-plan): add the boot janitor and ~23h safety snapshot rotation in a later PR.
 // TODO(workspace-plan): make cold wake interruptible with a re-pin loop against janitor races.
-// TODO(workspace-plan): consider RcMap at end-of-series consolidation; idle suspend and destroy need distinct finalizers.
+// TODO(workspace-plan): consider extracting a keyed shared-attempt helper (join/cancel, drop-on-settle) beside
+// KeyedMutex at end-of-series consolidation; filesystem/search.ts and session/run-coordinator.ts hand-roll the same
+// shape. Audited stdlib alternatives (rc.111): RcMap fails twice (refcount release cancels in-flight work when the
+// last waiter leaves, and one finalizer path cannot express idle-suspend vs destroy); Cache interrupts the shared
+// lookup when its last awaiter is interrupted and cannot fail waiters with NotFound on invalidation.
@@ -24,6 +24,16 @@ export class ProviderNotFound extends Schema.TaggedError<ProviderNotFound>()("Wo
 }) {}

 export interface Interface {
+  /**
+   * Get-or-create the provider resource backing this logical workspace.
+   *
+   * MUST be idempotent per `workspaceID`: core retries the same ID after
+   * failures and process crashes, including a crash between a successful
+   * create and the binding being persisted, and another process may race the
+   * same ID. Key the resource by `workspaceID` (a provider tag or a
+   * deterministic name) and adopt an existing match instead of creating a
+   * duplicate.
+   */
  readonly create: (input: {
    readonly workspaceID: Workspace.ID
  }) => Effect.Effect<{ readonly binding: Binding }, Error>
@@ -37,9 +47,17 @@ export interface Interface {
    readonly binding: Binding
    readonly saveBinding: (binding: Binding) => Effect.Effect<void>
  }) => Effect.Effect<void, Error>
+  /**
+   * Release the provider resource for this workspace.
+   *
+   * `binding` is null when none was persisted: the workspace was never
+   * provisioned, or provisioning was interrupted mid-create. Look up any
+   * resource previously created for `workspaceID` and clean it up, treating
+   * absence as success.
+   */
  readonly destroy: (input: {
    readonly workspaceID: Workspace.ID
-    readonly binding: Binding
+    readonly binding: Binding | null
  }) => Effect.Effect<void, Error>
 }

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ import type { WorkspaceDriver } from "./driver.js"
 export const WorkspaceTable = sqliteTable("workspace", {
  id: text().$type<Workspace.ID>().primaryKey(),
  provider: text().notNull(),
-  binding: text({ mode: "json" }).$type<WorkspaceDriver.Binding>().notNull(),
+  binding: text({ mode: "json" }).$type<WorkspaceDriver.Binding>(),
  created_at: integer().notNull(),
  last_used_at: integer().notNull(),
 })
@@ -12,8 +12,25 @@ import { FileSystemSearch } from "@opencode-ai/core/filesystem/search"
 import { Location } from "@opencode-ai/core/location"
 import { Ripgrep } from "@opencode-ai/core/ripgrep"
 import { AbsolutePath, RelativePath } from "@opencode-ai/core/schema"
+import { Workspace } from "@opencode-ai/core/workspace"
 import { location } from "../fixture/location"

+const ripgrepStub = (entry: string, onFind: (input: Ripgrep.FindInput) => void) =>
+  Layer.succeed(
+    Ripgrep.Service,
+    Ripgrep.Service.of({
+      find: (input) =>
+        Effect.gen(function* () {
+          onFind(input)
+          if (input.onEntry)
+            yield* input.onEntry(FileSystem.Entry.make({ path: RelativePath.make(entry), type: "file" }))
+          return []
+        }),
+      glob: () => Effect.succeed([]),
+      grep: () => Effect.succeed([]),
+    }),
+  )
+
 describe("FileSystemSearch", () => {
  test("honors wildcard directory rules from .gitignore", async () => {
    const directory = await mkdtemp(path.join(os.tmpdir(), "opencode-fff-ignore-"))
@@ -50,6 +67,44 @@ describe("FileSystemSearch", () => {
    }
  })

+  test("selects the ripgrep layer for workspace-backed locations even when vcs would pick fff", async () => {
+    const directory = await mkdtemp(path.join(os.tmpdir(), "opencode-search-workspace-"))
+    try {
+      // A local file that only an fff index of the server directory could surface.
+      // The fff-vs-ripgrep discrimination only bites where Fff.available() is
+      // true; elsewhere the layer choice already falls back to ripgrep.
+      await Bun.write(path.join(directory, "server-local.ts"), "server local")
+      let observed: Ripgrep.FindInput | undefined
+      const ref = Location.Ref.make({
+        directory: AbsolutePath.make(directory),
+        workspaceID: Workspace.ID.make("wrk_test"),
+      })
+      const layer = AppNodeBuilder.build(FileSystemSearch.node, [
+        [
+          Location.node,
+          Layer.succeed(
+            Location.Service,
+            Location.Service.of(
+              location(ref, { vcs: { type: "git", store: AbsolutePath.make(path.join(directory, ".git")) } }),
+            ),
+          ),
+        ],
+        [Ripgrep.node, ripgrepStub("remote.ts", (input) => (observed = input))],
+      ])
+
+      await Effect.runPromise(
+        Effect.gen(function* () {
+          const search = yield* FileSystemSearch.Service
+          const entries = yield* search.find({ query: "ts", type: "file" })
+          expect(observed?.cwd).toBe(directory)
+          expect(entries.map((entry) => entry.path)).toEqual([RelativePath.make("remote.ts")])
+        }).pipe(Effect.provide(layer), Effect.scoped),
+      )
+    } finally {
+      await rm(directory, { recursive: true, force: true })
+    }
+  })
+
  test("bounds a home scan even when home is detected as a repository", async () => {
    let observed: Ripgrep.FindInput | undefined
    const home = AbsolutePath.make(os.homedir())
@@ -63,29 +118,15 @@ describe("FileSystemSearch", () => {
          ),
        ),
      ],
-      [
-        Ripgrep.node,
-        Layer.succeed(
-          Ripgrep.Service,
-          Ripgrep.Service.of({
-            find: (input) =>
-              Effect.gen(function* () {
-                observed = input
-                if (input.onEntry)
-                  yield* input.onEntry(FileSystem.Entry.make({ path: RelativePath.make("src/index.ts"), type: "file" }))
-                return []
-              }),
-            glob: () => Effect.succeed([]),
-            grep: () => Effect.succeed([]),
-          }),
-        ),
-      ],
+      [Ripgrep.node, ripgrepStub("src/index.ts", (input) => (observed = input))],
    ])

    await Effect.runPromise(
      Effect.gen(function* () {
        const search = yield* FileSystemSearch.Service
        yield* Effect.sleep("10 millis")
+        expect(observed).toBeUndefined()
+        yield* search.find({ query: "src", type: "directory" })
        expect(observed?.limit).toBe(100_000)
        expect(observed?.exclude).toEqual([...Protected.names()].map((name) => `${name}/**`))
        expect((yield* search.find({ query: "src", type: "directory" }))[0]?.path).toBe(
@@ -97,7 +138,6 @@ describe("FileSystemSearch", () => {

  test("refreshes a stale ripgrep index atomically without blocking search", async () => {
    let scans = 0
-    const initial = Effect.runSync(Deferred.make<void>())
    const started = Effect.runSync(Deferred.make<void>())
    const release = Effect.runSync(Deferred.make<void>())
    const layer = AppNodeBuilder.build(FileSystemSearch.node, [
@@ -127,7 +167,6 @@ describe("FileSystemSearch", () => {
                  type: "file",
                })
                if (input.onEntry) yield* input.onEntry(entry)
-                if (scans === 1) yield* Deferred.succeed(initial, undefined)
                return [entry]
              }),
            glob: () => Effect.succeed([]),
@@ -140,7 +179,7 @@ describe("FileSystemSearch", () => {
    await Effect.runPromise(
      Effect.gen(function* () {
        const search = yield* FileSystemSearch.Service
-        yield* Deferred.await(initial)
+        yield* search.find({ query: "old", type: "file" })
        expect((yield* search.find({ query: "old", type: "file" }))[0]?.path).toBe(RelativePath.make("src/old.ts"))
        expect(scans).toBe(1)

@@ -163,7 +202,6 @@ describe("FileSystemSearch", () => {

  test("reuses location-owned fuzzy targets across index refreshes", async () => {
    let scans = 0
-    const first = Effect.runSync(Deferred.make<void>())
    const second = Effect.runSync(Deferred.make<void>())
    const prepare = spyOn(fuzzysort, "prepare")
    const cleanup = spyOn(fuzzysort, "cleanup")
@@ -187,7 +225,7 @@ describe("FileSystemSearch", () => {
                scans++
                const entry = FileSystem.Entry.make({ path: RelativePath.make("src/index.ts"), type: "file" })
                if (input.onEntry) yield* input.onEntry(entry)
-                yield* Deferred.succeed(scans === 1 ? first : second, undefined)
+                if (scans > 1) yield* Deferred.succeed(second, undefined)
                return [entry]
              }),
            glob: () => Effect.succeed([]),
@@ -200,7 +238,6 @@ describe("FileSystemSearch", () => {
    await Effect.runPromise(
      Effect.gen(function* () {
        const search = yield* FileSystemSearch.Service
-        yield* Deferred.await(first)
        yield* search.find({ query: "index", type: "file" })
        yield* TestClock.adjust("10 seconds")
        yield* search.find({ query: "index", type: "file" })
@@ -6,16 +6,20 @@ import { LayerNode } from "@opencode-ai/util/effect/layer-node"
 import { FileSystem } from "@opencode-ai/core/filesystem"
 import { Location } from "@opencode-ai/core/location"
 import { AbsolutePath, RelativePath } from "@opencode-ai/core/schema"
+import { Workspace } from "@opencode-ai/core/workspace"
 import { location } from "./fixture/location"
 import { tmpdir } from "./fixture/tmpdir"
 import { it } from "./lib/effect"

-const provide = (directory: string) =>
+const provide = (directory: string, workspaceID?: Workspace.ID) =>
  Effect.provide(
    LayerNode.compile(FileSystem.node, [
      [
        Location.node,
-        Layer.succeed(Location.Service, Location.Service.of(location({ directory: AbsolutePath.make(directory) }))),
+        Layer.succeed(
+          Location.Service,
+          Location.Service.of(location({ directory: AbsolutePath.make(directory), workspaceID })),
+        ),
      ],
    ]),
  )
@@ -56,6 +60,46 @@ describe("FileSystem", () => {
    ),
  )

+  it.live("skips host canonicalization for workspace locations at boot", () =>
+    withTmp((directory) =>
+      Effect.gen(function* () {
+        // The directory exists only inside the workspace, so boot must not
+        // require it to exist on the host. Operations still access the host
+        // filesystem per call (#44568); only boot canonicalization is skipped.
+        const missing = path.join(directory, "workspace-only")
+        const workspace = yield* FileSystem.Service.pipe(
+          provide(missing, Workspace.ID.make("wrk_filesystem")),
+          Effect.exit,
+        )
+        expect(Exit.isSuccess(workspace)).toBe(true)
+
+        // A local ref with the same missing directory keeps failing boot:
+        // host realpath canonicalization stays load-bearing for local placements.
+        const local = yield* FileSystem.Service.pipe(provide(missing), Effect.exit)
+        expect(Exit.isFailure(local)).toBe(true)
+      }),
+    ),
+  )
+
+  it.live("canonicalizes local symlinked directories", () =>
+    withTmp((directory) =>
+      Effect.gen(function* () {
+        const real = path.join(directory, "real")
+        yield* Effect.promise(() => fs.mkdir(real))
+        yield* Effect.promise(() => fs.writeFile(path.join(real, "file.txt"), "linked"))
+        const link = path.join(directory, "link")
+        yield* Effect.promise(() => fs.symlink(real, link))
+        // Reads resolve through the symlink only because boot canonicalized
+        // the location root to the real directory.
+        const read = yield* FileSystem.Service.pipe(
+          Effect.flatMap((service) => service.read({ path: RelativePath.make("file.txt") })),
+          provide(link),
+        )
+        expect(new TextDecoder().decode(read.content)).toBe("linked")
+      }),
+    ),
+  )
+
  it.live("rejects lexical escapes", () =>
    withTmp((directory) =>
      Effect.gen(function* () {
@@ -3,7 +3,20 @@ import path from "path"
 import { describe, expect } from "bun:test"
 import { Config } from "@opencode-ai/schema/config"
 import { Money } from "@opencode-ai/schema/money"
-import { DateTime, Deferred, Duration, Effect, Equal, Fiber, Hash, Layer, LayerMap, RcMap, Schema, Stream } from "effect"
+import {
+  DateTime,
+  Deferred,
+  Duration,
+  Effect,
+  Equal,
+  Fiber,
+  Hash,
+  Layer,
+  LayerMap,
+  RcMap,
+  Schema,
+  Stream,
+} from "effect"
 import { TestClock } from "effect/testing"
 import { Plugin as EffectPlugin } from "@opencode-ai/plugin/effect"
 import { Agent } from "@opencode-ai/core/agent"
@@ -23,6 +36,7 @@ import { Project } from "@opencode-ai/core/project"
 import { Provider } from "@opencode-ai/core/provider"
 import { AbsolutePath } from "@opencode-ai/core/schema"
 import { Session } from "@opencode-ai/core/session"
+import { Workspace } from "@opencode-ai/core/workspace"
 import { SessionEvent } from "@opencode-ai/core/session/event"
 import { SessionRunnerModel } from "@opencode-ai/core/session/runner/model"
 import { tmpdir } from "./fixture/tmpdir"
@@ -61,10 +75,9 @@ const activityLocations = Layer.effect(
  ),
 )
 const itWithActivity = testEffect(
-  AppNodeBuilder.build(
-    LayerNode.group([Database.node, Bus.node, LocationServiceMap.node, LocationActivity.node]),
-    [[LocationServiceMap.node, activityLocations]],
-  ),
+  AppNodeBuilder.build(LayerNode.group([Database.node, Bus.node, LocationServiceMap.node, LocationActivity.node]), [
+    [LocationServiceMap.node, activityLocations],
+  ]),
 )

 describe("LocationServiceMap", () => {
@@ -115,6 +128,35 @@ describe("LocationServiceMap", () => {
    ),
  )

+  it.live("keeps a workspace location admitted when its directory does not exist locally", () =>
+    Effect.acquireRelease(
+      Effect.promise(() => tmpdir()),
+      (dir) => Effect.promise(() => dir[Symbol.asyncDispose]()),
+    ).pipe(
+      Effect.flatMap((dir) =>
+        Effect.gen(function* () {
+          const locations = yield* LocationServiceMap.Service
+          const directory = AbsolutePath.make(path.join(dir.path, "workspace-only"))
+          const workspaceRef = Location.Ref.make({ directory, workspaceID: Workspace.ID.make("wrk_liveness") })
+          const localRef = Location.Ref.make({ directory })
+
+          // The directory only exists inside the workspace, so neither liveness
+          // nor boot may consult the local filesystem: the full location graph
+          // must construct and the entry must survive release instead of being
+          // evicted by a zero idle time-to-live.
+          const location = yield* Location.Service.pipe(Effect.provide(locations.get(workspaceRef)), Effect.scoped)
+          expect(location.directory).toBe(directory)
+          expect(Array.from(yield* RcMap.keys(locations.rcMap))).toEqual([workspaceRef])
+
+          // A local ref with the same missing directory keeps the existing
+          // behavior: dropped as soon as it goes idle so a retry can rebuild it.
+          yield* Location.Service.pipe(Effect.provide(locations.get(localRef)), Effect.scoped, Effect.exit)
+          expect(Array.from(yield* RcMap.keys(locations.rcMap))).toEqual([workspaceRef])
+        }),
+      ),
+    ),
+  )
+
  itWithSdk.live("preserves embedded SDK plugins after Location eviction", () =>
    Effect.acquireRelease(
      Effect.promise(() => tmpdir()),
@@ -455,7 +455,7 @@ describe("Plugin", () => {
      const registry = yield* Tool.Service
      const executed: unknown[] = []
      const seen: {
-        before?: unknown
+        before?: { input: unknown; inputSchema: unknown }
        after?: { input: unknown; status: string; content: unknown; metadata: unknown }
      } = {}

@@ -480,7 +480,7 @@ describe("Plugin", () => {
            yield* ctx.tool
              .hook("execute.before", (event) =>
                Effect.sync(() => {
-                  seen.before = event.input
+                  seen.before = { input: event.input, inputSchema: event.inputSchema }
                  event.input = { text: "before-mutated" }
                }),
              )
@@ -526,7 +526,15 @@ describe("Plugin", () => {
        call: { type: "tool-call", id: "call-hooks", name: "echo", input: { text: "original" } },
      })

-      expect(seen.before).toEqual({ text: "original" })
+      expect(seen.before).toEqual({
+        input: { text: "original" },
+        inputSchema: {
+          type: "object",
+          properties: { text: { type: "string" } },
+          required: ["text"],
+          additionalProperties: false,
+        },
+      })
      expect(executed).toEqual([{ text: "before-mutated" }])
      expect(seen.after).toEqual({
        input: { text: "before-mutated" },
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { describe, expect } from "bun:test"
 import { Message, ToolFailure } from "@opencode-ai/ai"
-import { DateTime, Effect, Stream, Types } from "effect"
+import { DateTime, Effect, Option, Stream, Types } from "effect"
 import type { SessionContext } from "@opencode-ai/plugin/effect/session"
 import type { ToolHooks } from "@opencode-ai/plugin/effect/tool"
 import { Agent } from "@opencode-ai/core/agent"
@@ -242,10 +242,10 @@ describe("plan plugin reminders", () => {
 })

 describe("plan plugin mutations", () => {
-  it.effect("creates the Plan directory", () =>
+  it.effect("does not create the Plan directory during activation", () =>
    Effect.gen(function* () {
      const { files } = yield* run()
-      expect((yield* files.stat(planDirectory)).type).toBe("directory")
+      expect(Option.isNone(yield* files.stat(planDirectory).pipe(Effect.option))).toBe(true)
    }),
  )

@@ -309,14 +309,20 @@ describe("SessionRunCoordinator", () => {
          settled: (_key, _exit, reason) => Effect.sync(() => void reasons.push(reason)),
        })

-        const resumed = yield* coordinator.run("session").pipe(Effect.forkChild)
+        const first = yield* coordinator.run("session").pipe(Effect.forkChild)
        yield* Deferred.await(started)
+        const second = yield* coordinator.run("session").pipe(Effect.forkChild)
+        const idle = yield* coordinator.awaitIdle("session").pipe(Effect.forkChild)
+        yield* Effect.yieldNow
        yield* coordinator.wake("session")
        yield* coordinator.interrupt("session", "user")
        yield* Deferred.await(interrupted)

-        const exit = yield* Fiber.await(resumed)
-        expect(Exit.isFailure(exit) && Cause.hasInterruptsOnly(exit.cause)).toBeTrue()
+        const exits = yield* Fiber.awaitAll([first, second, idle])
+        expect(
+          exits.slice(0, 2).every((exit) => Exit.isFailure(exit) && Cause.hasInterruptsOnly(exit.cause)),
+        ).toBeTrue()
+        expect(exits.slice(2).every(Exit.isSuccess)).toBeTrue()
        expect(Array.from(yield* coordinator.active)).toEqual([])
        expect(runs).toBe(1)
        expect(reasons).toEqual(["user"])
@@ -897,30 +897,38 @@ const verifyPartialFlushOnInterruption = (kind: FragmentKind) =>
    ])
  })

+const prepareTitleGeneration = Effect.gen(function* () {
+  const agents = yield* Agent.Service
+  const { db } = yield* Database.Service
+  yield* db.update(SessionTable).set({ title: null }).where(eq(SessionTable.id, sessionID)).run().pipe(Effect.orDie)
+  yield* agents.transform((draft) =>
+    draft.update(Agent.ID.make("title"), (agent) => {
+      agent.mode = "primary"
+      agent.hidden = true
+      agent.system = "Generate a title."
+    }),
+  )
+})
+
+const watchRename = Effect.fnUntraced(function* (sessionID: Session.ID) {
+  const bus = yield* Bus.Service
+  return yield* bus.subscribe(SessionEvent.Renamed).pipe(
+    Stream.filter((event) => event.data.sessionID === sessionID),
+    Stream.take(1),
+    Stream.runDrain,
+    Effect.forkScoped({ startImmediately: true }),
+  )
+})
+
 describe("SessionRunnerLLM", () => {
  it.effect("generates the title while the first model step is still running", () =>
    Effect.gen(function* () {
      const session = yield* setup
-      const agents = yield* Agent.Service
-      const { db } = yield* Database.Service
-      yield* db.update(SessionTable).set({ title: null }).where(eq(SessionTable.id, sessionID)).run().pipe(Effect.orDie)
-      yield* agents.transform((draft) =>
-        draft.update(Agent.ID.make("title"), (agent) => {
-          agent.mode = "primary"
-          agent.hidden = true
-          agent.system = "Generate a title."
-        }),
-      )
+      yield* prepareTitleGeneration

      yield* admit(session, "First prompt")
      yield* TestLLM.push(TestLLM.text("Generated title", "text-title"), Stream.never)
-      const bus = yield* Bus.Service
-      const renamed = yield* bus.subscribe(SessionEvent.Renamed).pipe(
-        Stream.filter((event) => event.data.sessionID === sessionID),
-        Stream.take(1),
-        Stream.runDrain,
-        Effect.forkScoped({ startImmediately: true }),
-      )
+      const renamed = yield* watchRename(sessionID)
      const runner = yield* SessionRunner.Service
      const fiber = yield* runner.drain({ sessionID, force: true }).pipe(Effect.forkChild)
      yield* Fiber.join(renamed)
@@ -930,19 +938,46 @@ describe("SessionRunnerLLM", () => {
    }),
  )

+  it.effect("coalesces title generation while a request is active", () =>
+    Effect.gen(function* () {
+      const session = yield* setup
+      yield* prepareTitleGeneration
+
+      const titleStarted = yield* Deferred.make<void>()
+      const releaseTitle = yield* Deferred.make<void>()
+      yield* Effect.gen(function* () {
+        yield* admit(session, "First prompt")
+        yield* TestLLM.push(
+          Stream.unwrap(
+            Deferred.succeed(titleStarted, undefined).pipe(
+              Effect.andThen(Deferred.await(releaseTitle)),
+              Effect.as(Stream.fromIterable(TestLLM.text("Generated title", "text-title"))),
+            ),
+          ),
+          TestLLM.text("First response", "text-first"),
+          TestLLM.text("Second response", "text-second"),
+        )
+
+        const first = yield* session.resume(sessionID).pipe(Effect.forkChild)
+        yield* Deferred.await(titleStarted).pipe(Effect.timeout("5 seconds"))
+        expect(requests[0]?.system.map((part) => part.text)).toContain("Generate a title.")
+        yield* Fiber.join(first)
+        yield* admit(session, "Second prompt")
+        yield* session.resume(sessionID)
+
+        expect(requests).toHaveLength(3)
+        const renamed = yield* watchRename(sessionID)
+        yield* Deferred.succeed(releaseTitle, undefined)
+        yield* Fiber.join(renamed)
+        expect((yield* session.get(sessionID)).title).toBe("Generated title")
+      }).pipe(Effect.ensuring(Deferred.succeed(releaseTitle, undefined)))
+    }),
+  )
+
  it.effect("retries title generation from the first prompt after title and execution failures", () =>
    Effect.gen(function* () {
      const session = yield* setup
-      const agents = yield* Agent.Service
-      const { db } = yield* Database.Service
-      yield* db.update(SessionTable).set({ title: null }).where(eq(SessionTable.id, sessionID)).run().pipe(Effect.orDie)
-      yield* agents.transform((draft) =>
-        draft.update(Agent.ID.make("title"), (agent) => {
-          agent.mode = "primary"
-          agent.hidden = true
-          agent.system = "Generate a title."
-        }),
-      )
+      yield* prepareTitleGeneration

      yield* admit(session, "First prompt")
      yield* TestLLM.push(Stream.fail(invalidRequest()), Stream.fail(invalidRequest()))
@@ -961,13 +996,7 @@ describe("SessionRunnerLLM", () => {
      yield* Effect.yieldNow
      expect((yield* session.get(sessionID)).title).toBeUndefined()

-      const bus = yield* Bus.Service
-      const renamed = yield* bus.subscribe(SessionEvent.Renamed).pipe(
-        Stream.filter((event) => event.data.sessionID === sessionID),
-        Stream.take(1),
-        Stream.runCollect,
-        Effect.forkScoped({ startImmediately: true }),
-      )
+      const renamed = yield* watchRename(sessionID)
      yield* admit(session, "Third prompt")
      yield* TestLLM.push(
        TestLLM.text("Generated title", "text-title"),
--- a/Show More
+++ b/Show More
Author	SHA1	Message	Date
Aiden Cline	2648b27bda	fix(ai): ignore orphan response deltas	2026-08-23 20:42:17 -05:00
Luke Parker	378a7b7be1	fix: stream Bun runtime downloads to disk to avoid Bun.write GC hang (#44572 )	2026-08-24 11:22:42 +10:00
Aiden Cline	6d57667168	fix(ai): clamp prompt_cache_key to 64 chars for all chat protocols (#44571 )	2026-08-23 20:21:15 -05:00
Aiden Cline	d4935360c5	fix(ai): keep stateless hosted tool results and tolerate WS keepalives (#44488 )	2026-08-23 20:19:14 -05:00
Aiden Cline	89281dcd01	fix(ai): preserve display on enabled thinking (#44544 )	2026-08-23 20:05:30 -05:00
Aiden Cline	9f9184b002	fix(ai): preserve OpenAI tool schemas (#44546 )	2026-08-23 20:05:06 -05:00
Kit Langton	c6f4fa0d1f	fix(core): never build fff index for workspace locations (#44563 )	2026-08-24 01:00:27 +00:00
Kit Langton	c505c91438	fix(codemode): package conditional transpilers (#44565 )	2026-08-23 20:50:39 -04:00
Kit Langton	8887c2ffa9	fix(core): skip host realpath canonicalization for workspace locations (#44564 )	2026-08-23 20:50:29 -04:00
opencode-agent[bot]	ddaf9ff433	chore: update nix node_modules hashes	2026-08-24 00:35:01 +00:00
usrnk1	d3e5d6d268	feat(desktop): add model change notices (#43288 ) Co-authored-by: LukeParkerDev <10430890+Hona@users.noreply.github.com>	2026-08-24 00:17:35 +00:00
Kit Langton	f9bc948912	fix(core): skip local liveness check for workspace locations (#44560 )	2026-08-23 20:17:04 -04:00
opencode-agent[bot]	6f238feeff	chore: update nix node_modules hashes	2026-08-24 00:07:29 +00:00
Kit Langton	e867a21ea5	feat(core): decouple workspace identity from provisioning (#44526 )	2026-08-23 23:49:51 +00:00
Luke Parker	64c0411edb	fix(session-ui): align tool error card with figma (#44543 )	2026-08-23 23:31:45 +00:00
opencode-agent[bot]	7da10aa65d	fix(ai): retry detail-free response errors (#44537 ) Co-authored-by: rekram1-node <rekram1-node@users.noreply.github.com>	2026-08-23 17:39:55 -05:00
Luke Parker	d80b0a1e7e	fix(desktop): reconnect to elected service (#44369 )	2026-08-24 08:27:04 +10:00
opencode-agent[bot]	481125f617	chore: update nix node_modules hashes	2026-08-23 22:15:43 +00:00
Kit Langton	59d0d64a6b	chore: upgrade Effect to rc.111 (#44518 )	2026-08-23 18:01:44 -04:00
opencode-agent[bot]	e0cdf1ed09	fix(tui): restore global prompt history (#44416 ) Co-authored-by: thdxr <thdxr@users.noreply.github.com>	2026-08-23 17:53:16 -04:00
Kit Langton	9e50d76416	fix(codegen): write prettier-stable schema snapshot (#43985 )	2026-08-23 17:34:47 -04:00
Dax	771c0f5850	fix(core): avoid stale MCP OAuth snapshots destroying rotated credentials (#44527 )	2026-08-23 17:02:51 -04:00
Kit Langton	b1a0ef91bb	refactor(core): use FiberMap for title generation (#44519 )	2026-08-23 16:22:43 -04:00
Kit Langton	2e67cee75b	fix(tui): recover from terminal forms (#44516 )	2026-08-23 16:21:28 -04:00
opencode-agent[bot]	890735c1d7	feat(plugin): expose tool input schema (#44510 ) Co-authored-by: rekram1-node <rekram1-node@users.noreply.github.com>	2026-08-23 14:19:57 -05:00
Aiden Cline	049f0b0c3b	fix(ai): handle additional usage locations and tool history for OpenAI Chat (#44502 )	2026-08-23 13:48:30 -05:00
Aiden Cline	6020f36862	fix(ai): handle anthropic error events and ping frames (#44500 )	2026-08-23 13:45:21 -05:00
Simon Klee	0d24ebdbbe	tui: preserve selection after copy (#44496 ) Copy-on-select reset the click counter, so a third click could not select the full line. Keep the selection after copying to preserve multi-click input.	2026-08-23 20:40:19 +02:00
opencode-agent[bot]	b22c182406	fix(ai): preserve inline file data URLs (#44499 ) Co-authored-by: rekram1-node <63023139+rekram1-node@users.noreply.github.com>	2026-08-23 13:39:38 -05:00
Aiden Cline	c7f2f367e3	refactor(ai): remove deprecated local shell (#44497 )	2026-08-23 13:36:10 -05:00
Aiden Cline	ccd2135e7a	fix(ai): tolerate explicit nulls in Gemini stream payloads (#44490 )	2026-08-23 13:17:13 -05:00
Brendan Allan	c7c22b9d7e	fix(app): stabilize pane transitions (#44484 )	2026-08-23 17:59:00 +00:00
Aiden Cline	67e99993f5	fix(ai): align Responses compatibility (#44482 )	2026-08-23 12:53:14 -05:00
Brendan Allan	be6abc02b5	fix(app): preserve session panes across navigation (#44477 )	2026-08-23 17:37:24 +00:00
Aiden Cline	e012a57d1d	fix(ai): harden Gemini tool call id handling on Vertex and duplicate streams (#44454 )	2026-08-23 12:31:30 -05:00
Brendan Allan	697e3e13cc	fix(app): simplify session max width (#44468 )	2026-08-24 01:01:11 +08:00