Tell _frozen_importlib to consider bytecode first (#248)

It turns out we needed a file length field.

.gitattributes

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+# -*- conf -*-
+/build/bootstrap/*.com       binary
+/usr/share/zoneinfo/*        binary

.gitignore

@@ -1,5 +1,10 @@
+# -*- conf -*-
+
 /o
 
+# TODO: Find some way to have Python write to o/
+__pycache__
+
 *.tmp
 /.bochs.log
 /HTAGS

CONTRIBUTING.md

@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+# Contributing Guidelines
+
+We'd love to accept your patches! Please read this guide first.
+
+## Copyright Assignment
+
+Please send an email to Justine Tunney <jtunney@gmail.com> stating that
+you intend to assign her the copyright to the changes you contribute to
+Cosmopolitan. Please use the same email address you use for git commits
+which should only contain original source code from you or other people
+who are also assigning copyright. Please note that, if you're employed,
+you may need to get your employer's approval beforehand. If you can not
+assign copyright due to local laws, then you may alternatively consider
+disclaiming it using the language in [Unlicense](https://unlicense.org)
+or [CC-0](http://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0)
+
+This is important because we can't produce 12kb single-file executables
+that comply with license requirements if we have to embed lots of them.
+Although that's less of an issue depending on the purpose of the files.
+For example, ownership is much less of a concern in the unit test files
+so you're encouraged to put your copyright on those, provided it's ISC.
+
+## Style Guide
+
+You can use clang-format to automatically format your files:
+
+```sh
+clang-format -i -style=file tool/net/redbean.c
+```
+
+If you use Emacs this can be automated on save for Cosmopolitan using
+[tool/emacs/cosmo-format.el]([tool/emacs/cosmo-format.el]).
+
+### Source Files
+
+- Must use include paths relative to the root of the repository
+- Must have comment at top of file documenting copyright and license
+- Must have notice embedding if not owned by Justine (exception: tests)
+- May use language extensions that are supported by both GCC and Clang
+- Should use Google indentation (otherwise use `/* clang-format off */`)
+- Should use asm() instead of compiler APIs (exception: ctz, clz, memcpy)
+
+### Header Files
+
+- Must not have copyright or license comments
+- Must have once guards (otherwise change `.h` to `.inc`)
+- Must be ANSI C89 compatible to be included in the amalgamation header
+- Must include its dependencies (exception: libc/integral/normalize.inc)
+- Must not define objects (i.e. `cc -c -xc foo.h` will produce empty `.o`)
+- Should not use typedefs
+- Should not use forward declarations
+- Should not include documentation comments
+- Should not include parameter names in prototypes
+- Should not pose problems if included by C++ or Assembly sources
+- Should not declare non-ANSI code, at all, when the user requests ANSI
+
+### Build Config
+
+- Must not write files outside `o/`
+- Must not communicate with Internet
+- Must not depend on system libraries
+- Must not depend on system commands (exception: sh, make, gzip, zip)

Makefile

@@ -129,21 +129,28 @@ include libc/libc.mk				#─┘
 include libc/sock/sock.mk			#─┐
 include dsp/tty/tty.mk				# ├──ONLINE RUNTIME
 include libc/dns/dns.mk				# │  You can communicate with the network
-include libc/crypto/crypto.mk			# │
-include net/http/http.mk			#─┘
-include third_party/regex/regex.mk
+include net/http/http.mk			# │
+include third_party/mbedtls/mbedtls.mk		# │
+include net/https/https.mk			# │
+include third_party/regex/regex.mk		#─┘
 include third_party/third_party.mk
 include libc/testlib/testlib.mk
 include tool/viz/lib/vizlib.mk
+include third_party/linenoise/linenoise.mk
 include third_party/lua/lua.mk
-include examples/examples.mk
+include third_party/sqlite3/sqlite3.mk
+include third_party/mbedtls/test/test.mk
+include third_party/quickjs/quickjs.mk
 include third_party/lz4cli/lz4cli.mk
+include third_party/infozip/infozip.mk
+include third_party/python/python.mk
 include tool/build/lib/buildlib.mk
 include third_party/chibicc/chibicc.mk
 include third_party/chibicc/test/test.mk
 include tool/build/emucrt/emucrt.mk
 include tool/build/emubin/emubin.mk
 include tool/build/build.mk
+include examples/examples.mk
 include tool/decode/lib/decodelib.mk
 include tool/decode/decode.mk
 include tool/hash/hash.mk
@@ -158,7 +165,6 @@ include test/libc/nexgen32e/test.mk
 include test/libc/runtime/test.mk
 include test/libc/sock/test.mk
 include test/libc/bits/test.mk
-include test/libc/crypto/test.mk
 include test/libc/str/test.mk
 include test/libc/unicode/test.mk
 include test/libc/calls/test.mk
@@ -172,6 +178,7 @@ include test/libc/stdio/test.mk
 include test/libc/release/test.mk
 include test/libc/test.mk
 include test/net/http/test.mk
+include test/net/https/test.mk
 include test/net/test.mk
 include test/tool/build/lib/test.mk
 include test/tool/build/test.mk
@@ -188,13 +195,13 @@ include examples/package/build.mk
 #-φ-examples/package/new.sh
 include test/test.mk
 
-OBJS	= $(foreach x,$(PKGS),$($(x)_OBJS))
-SRCS	= $(foreach x,$(PKGS),$($(x)_SRCS))
-HDRS	= $(foreach x,$(PKGS),$($(x)_HDRS))
-INCS	= $(foreach x,$(PKGS),$($(x)_INCS))
-BINS	= $(foreach x,$(PKGS),$($(x)_BINS))
-TESTS	= $(foreach x,$(PKGS),$($(x)_TESTS))
-CHECKS	= $(foreach x,$(PKGS),$($(x)_CHECKS))
+OBJS	 = $(foreach x,$(PKGS),$($(x)_OBJS))
+SRCS	:= $(foreach x,$(PKGS),$($(x)_SRCS))
+HDRS	:= $(foreach x,$(PKGS),$($(x)_HDRS))
+INCS	 = $(foreach x,$(PKGS),$($(x)_INCS))
+BINS	 = $(foreach x,$(PKGS),$($(x)_BINS))
+TESTS	 = $(foreach x,$(PKGS),$($(x)_TESTS))
+CHECKS	 = $(foreach x,$(PKGS),$($(x)_CHECKS))
 
 bins:	$(BINS)
 check:	$(CHECKS)
@@ -205,14 +212,24 @@ tags:	TAGS HTAGS
 o/$(MODE)/.x:
 	@mkdir -p $(@D) && touch $@
 
+ifneq ($(findstring 4.,,$(MAKE_VERSION)),$(MAKE_VERSION))
 o/$(MODE)/srcs.txt: o/$(MODE)/.x $(MAKEFILES) $(call uniq,$(foreach x,$(SRCS),$(dir $(x))))
 	$(file >$@) $(foreach x,$(SRCS),$(file >>$@,$(x)))
-
 o/$(MODE)/hdrs.txt: o/$(MODE)/.x $(MAKEFILES) $(call uniq,$(foreach x,$(HDRS) $(INCS),$(dir $(x))))
 	$(file >$@) $(foreach x,$(HDRS) $(INCS),$(file >>$@,$(x)))
+o/$(MODE)/incs.txt: o/$(MODE)/.x $(MAKEFILES) $(call uniq,$(foreach x,$(INCS) $(INCS),$(dir $(x))))
+	$(file >$@) $(foreach x,$(INCS) $(INCS),$(file >>$@,$(x)))
+else
+o/$(MODE)/srcs.txt: o/$(MODE)/.x $(MAKEFILES) $(call uniq,$(foreach x,$(SRCS),$(dir $(x))))
+	$(MAKE) MODE=rel -j8 -pn bopit 2>/dev/null | sed -ne '/^SRCS/ {s/.*:= //;s/  */\n/g;p;q}' >$@
+o/$(MODE)/hdrs.txt: o/$(MODE)/.x $(MAKEFILES) $(call uniq,$(foreach x,$(HDRS) $(INCS),$(dir $(x))))
+	$(MAKE) MODE=rel -j8 -pn bopit 2>/dev/null | sed -ne '/^HDRS/ {s/.*:= //;s/  */\n/g;p;q}' >$@
+o/$(MODE)/incs.txt: o/$(MODE)/.x $(MAKEFILES) $(call uniq,$(foreach x,$(INCS) $(INCS),$(dir $(x))))
+	$(MAKE) MODE=rel -j8 -pn bopit 2>/dev/null | sed -ne '/^INCS/ {s/.*:= //;s/  */\n/g;p;q}' >$@
+endif
 
-o/$(MODE)/depend: o/$(MODE)/.x o/$(MODE)/srcs.txt o/$(MODE)/hdrs.txt $(SRCS) $(HDRS) $(INCS)
-	@$(COMPILE) -AMKDEPS $(MKDEPS) -o $@ -r o/$(MODE)/ o/$(MODE)/srcs.txt o/$(MODE)/hdrs.txt
+o/$(MODE)/depend: o/$(MODE)/.x o/$(MODE)/srcs.txt o/$(MODE)/hdrs.txt o/$(MODE)/incs.txt $(SRCS) $(HDRS) $(INCS)
+	@$(COMPILE) -AMKDEPS $(MKDEPS) -o $@ -r o/$(MODE)/ o/$(MODE)/srcs.txt o/$(MODE)/hdrs.txt o/$(MODE)/incs.txt
 
 TAGS:	o/$(MODE)/srcs.txt $(SRCS)
 	@rm -f $@
@@ -227,10 +244,10 @@ loc: o/$(MODE)/tool/build/summy.com
 	$(XARGS) wc -l | grep total | awk '{print $$1}' | $<
 
 COSMOPOLITAN_OBJECTS =		\
-	LIBC_CRYPTO		\
 	LIBC_DNS		\
 	LIBC_SOCK		\
 	LIBC_NT_WS2_32		\
+	LIBC_NT_IPHLPAPI	\
 	LIBC_NT_MSWSOCK		\
 	LIBC_OHMYPLUS		\
 	LIBC_X			\
@@ -276,7 +293,6 @@ COSMOPOLITAN_HEADERS =		\
 	LIBC_ALG		\
 	LIBC_BITS		\
 	LIBC_CALLS		\
-	LIBC_CRYPTO		\
 	LIBC_DNS		\
 	LIBC_ELF		\
 	LIBC_FMT		\

README.md

@@ -22,8 +22,8 @@ If you're doing your development work on Linux or BSD then you need just
 five files to get started. Here's what you do on Linux:
 
 ```sh
-wget https://justine.lol/cosmopolitan/cosmopolitan-amalgamation-0.3.zip
-unzip cosmopolitan-amalgamation-0.3.zip
+wget https://justine.lol/cosmopolitan/cosmopolitan-amalgamation-1.0.zip
+unzip cosmopolitan-amalgamation-1.0.zip
 printf 'main() { printf("hello world\\n"); }\n' >hello.c
 gcc -g -Os -static -nostdlib -nostdinc -fno-pie -no-pie -mno-red-zone \
   -fno-omit-frame-pointer -pg -mnop-mcount \
@@ -38,23 +38,42 @@ first run, so it can be fast and efficient for subsequent executions.
 
 ```sh
 ./hello.com
-bash -c './hello.com'  # zsh/fish workaround (we upstreamed a patch)
+bash -c './hello.com'  # zsh/fish workaround (we upstreamed patches)
 ```
 
 So if you intend to copy the binary to Windows or Mac then please do
 that before you run it, not after.
 
-If you're developing on Windows or MacOS then you need to download an
+### MacOS
+
+If you're developing on MacOS you can install the GNU compiler
+collection for x86_64-elf via homebrew:
+
+```sh
+brew install x86_64-elf-gcc
+```
+
+Then in the above scripts just replace `gcc` and `objcopy` with
+`x86_64-elf-gcc` and `x86_64-elf-objcopy` to compile your APE binary.
+
+### Windows
+
+If you're developing on Windows then you need to download an
 x86_64-pc-linux-gnu toolchain beforehand. See the [Compiling on
 Windows](https://justine.lol/cosmopolitan/windows-compiling.html)
 tutorial. It's needed because the ELF object format is what makes
 universal binaries possible.
 
-Cosmopolitan can also be compiled from source on any Linux distro.
+## Source Builds
+
+Cosmopolitan can be compiled from source on any Linux distro. GNU make
+needs to be installed beforehand. This is a freestanding hermetic
+repository that bootstraps using a vendored static gcc9 executable.
+No further dependencies are required.
 
 ```sh
-wget https://justine.lol/cosmopolitan/cosmopolitan-0.3.tar.gz
-tar xf cosmopolitan-0.3.tar.gz  # see releases page
+wget https://justine.lol/cosmopolitan/cosmopolitan-1.0.tar.gz
+tar xf cosmopolitan-1.0.tar.gz  # see releases page
 cd cosmopolitan
 make -j16
 o//examples/hello.com
@@ -73,3 +92,4 @@ find o -name \*.com | xargs ls -rShal | less
 | FreeBSD         | 12          | 2018  |
 | OpenBSD         | 6.4         | 2018  |
 | NetBSD          | 9.1         | 2020  |
+| GNU Make        | 3.80        | 2010  |

ape/ape.S

@@ -535,7 +535,53 @@ ape_disk:
 
 #if SupportsWindows() || SupportsMetal() || SupportsXnu()
 apesh:	.ascii	"'\n#'\"\n"			# sixth edition shebang
+//	Until all operating systems can be updated to support APE,
+//	we have a beautiful, yet imperfect workaround, which is to
+//	modify the binary to follow the local system's convention.
+//	There isn't a one-size-fits-all approach for this, thus we
+//	present two choices.
+#ifndef APE_NO_MODIFY_SELF
+//	The default behavior is: to overwrite the header in place.
+//	We prefer this because it's a tiny constant one time cost.
+//	We simply printf a 64-byte header and call execve() again.
 	.ascii	"o=\"$(command -v \"$0\")\"\n"
+#ifdef APE_BUILDSAFE
+//	This code is intended for binaries in build/bootstrap/. It
+//	causes them to not self-modify since they're checked-in to
+//	version control. It assumes cosmopolitan's build prefix is
+//	being used by convention and that the program has the noop
+//	flag -n which is used to prime the binary.
+	.ascii	"if [ ${o##o/} = $o ]; then\n"
+	.ascii	"  if ! [ o/$o -nt $o ]; then\n"
+	.ascii	"    mkdir -p o/${o%/*} || exit\n"
+	.ascii	"    cp -f $o o/$o.$$ || exit\n"
+	.ascii	"    o/$o.$$ -n || exit\n"
+	.ascii	"    mv -f o/$o.$$ o/$o || exit\n"
+	.ascii	"  fi\n"
+	.ascii	"  exec o/$o \"$@\"\n"
+	.ascii	"fi\n"
+#endif
+#else
+//	The alternative behavior is to copy to $TMPDIR and edit.
+//	This imposes a variety of caveats of its own that should
+//	be considered by the user beforehand, such as whether or
+//	not /tmp is considered trustworthy on a given system, or
+//	if the administrator chose to mount it with noexec. It's
+//	up to the user to decide what's best in those situations
+//	and also note that argv[0] and getauxval(AT_EXECFN) will
+//	change as a result of this, and lastly note we don't try
+//	to cleanup the tmp copies for the sake of efficiency. It
+//	should also be noted that if $0 has directory components
+//	then permission clashes can happen between system users,
+//	since only root is able to set the sticky bit, which can
+//	be addressed simply by overriding the TMPDIR environment
+	.ascii	"o=\"${TMPDIR:-/tmp}/$0\"\n"
+	.ascii	"if [ ! -e \"$o\" ]; then\n"
+	.ascii	  "d=\"$o\"\n"
+	.ascii	  "o=\"$o.$$\"\n"
+	.ascii	  "mkdir -p \"${o%/*}\" 2>/dev/null\n"
+	.ascii	  "cp -f \"$0\" \"$o\" || exit 120\n"
+#endif /* APE_NO_MODIFY_SELF */
 #if SupportsXnu()
 	.ascii	"if [ -d /Applications ]; then\n"
 	.ascii	  "dd if=\"$o\""
@@ -547,7 +593,7 @@ apesh:	.ascii	"'\n#'\"\n"			# sixth edition shebang
 	.shstub	    ape_macho_dd_count,2
 	.ascii	    "\" conv=notrunc 2>/dev/null\n"
 	.ascii	"el"
-#endif
+#endif /* XNU */
 	.ascii	"if exec 7<> \"$o\"; then\n"
 	.ascii	  "printf '"
 	.ascii	    "\\177ELF"			# 0x0: ⌂ELF
@@ -574,19 +620,28 @@ apesh:	.ascii	"'\n#'\"\n"			# sixth edition shebang
 	.ascii	    "' >&7\n"
 	.ascii	  "exec 7<&-\n"
 	.ascii	"else\n"
-	.ascii	  "exit 1\n"
+	.ascii	  "exit 121\n"
 	.ascii	"fi\n"
-	.ascii	"exec \"$0\" \"$@\"\n"		# etxtbsy tail recursion
-	.ascii	"R=$?\n"			# architecture optimistic
+#ifndef APE_NO_MODIFY_SELF
+	.ascii	"exec \"$0\" \"$@\"\n"		# optimistic execution
+#else
+	.ascii	  "mv -f \"$o\" \"$d\" 2>/dev/null\n"
+	.ascii	  "o=\"$d\"\n"
+	.ascii	"fi\n"
+	.ascii	"exec \"$o\" \"$@\"\n"
+#endif /* APE_NO_MODIFY_SELF */
+	.ascii	"R=$?\n"
 	.ascii	"\n"
 	.ascii	"if [ $R -eq 126 ] && [ \"$(uname -m)\" != x86_64 ]; then\n"
 	.ascii	  "if Q=\"$(command -v qemu-x86_64)\"; then\n"
-	.ascii	    "exec \"$Q\" \"$0\" \"$@\"\n"
+	.ascii	    "exec \"$Q\" \"$o\" \"$@\"\n"
 	.ascii	  "else\n"
 	.ascii	    "echo error: need qemu-x86_64 >&2\n"
 	.ascii	  "fi\n"
+#ifndef APE_NO_MODIFY_SELF
 	.ascii	"elif [ $R -eq 127 ]; then\n"	# means argv[0] was wrong
 	.ascii	"  exec \"$o\" \"$@\"\n"	# so do a path resolution
+#endif /* APE_NO_MODIFY_SELF */
 	.ascii	"fi\n"
 	.ascii	"exit $R\n"
 	.endobj	apesh
@@ -826,48 +881,48 @@ ape_macho:
 	@see "The Portable Executable File Format from Top to Bottom",
 	     Randy Kath, Microsoft Developer Network Technology Group. */
 
-//	      ┌14:Uniprocessor Machine            ┌─────────────────────────┐
-//	      │┌13:DLL                            │ PE File Characteristics │
-//	      ││┌12:System                        ├─────────────────────────┤
-//	      │││┌11:If Net Run From Swap         │ r │ reserved            │
-//	      ││││┌10:If Removable Run From Swap  │ d │ deprecated          │
-//	      │││││┌9:Debug Stripped              │ D │ deprecated with     │
-//	      ││││││┌8:32bit Machine              │   │ extreme prejudice   │
-//	      │││││││  ┌5:Large Address Aware     └───┴─────────────────────┘
-//	      │││││││  │   ┌1:Executable
-//	      │││││││  │   │┌0:Relocs Stripped
-//	     d│││││││dr│Ddd││
-PEEXE =  0b0000001000100011
+//	    ┌14:Uniprocessor Machine            ┌─────────────────────────┐
+//	    │┌13:DLL                            │ PE File Characteristics │
+//	    ││┌12:System                        ├─────────────────────────┤
+//	    │││┌11:If Net Run From Swap         │ r │ reserved            │
+//	    ││││┌10:If Removable Run From Swap  │ d │ deprecated          │
+//	    │││││┌9:Debug Stripped              │ D │ deprecated with     │
+//	    ││││││┌8:32bit Machine              │   │ extreme prejudice   │
+//	    │││││││  ┌5:Large Address Aware     └───┴─────────────────────┘
+//	    │││││││  │   ┌1:Executable
+//	    │││││││  │   │┌0:Relocs Stripped
+//	   d│││││││dr│Ddd││
+PEEXE = 0b00000001000100011
 
-//	     ┌15:TERMINAL_SERVER_AWARE            ┌─────────────────────────┐
-//	     │┌14:GUARD_CF                        │ PE DLL Characteristics  │
-//	     ││┌13:WDM_DRIVER                     ├─────────────────────────┤
-//	     │││┌12:APPCONTAINER                  │ r │ reserved            │
-//	     ││││┌11:NO_BIND                      └───┴─────────────────────┘
-//	     │││││┌10:NO_SEH
-//	     ││││││┌9:NO_ISOLATION
-//	     │││││││┌8:NX_COMPAT
-//	     ││││││││┌7:FORCE_INTEGRITY
-//	     │││││││││┌6:DYNAMIC_BASE
-//	     ││││││││││┌5:HIGH_ENTROPY_VA
-//	     │││││││││││rrrrr
+//	   ┌15:TERMINAL_SERVER_AWARE            ┌─────────────────────────┐
+//	   │┌14:GUARD_CF                        │ PE DLL Characteristics  │
+//	   ││┌13:WDM_DRIVER                     ├─────────────────────────┤
+//	   │││┌12:APPCONTAINER                  │ r │ reserved            │
+//	   ││││┌11:NO_BIND                      └───┴─────────────────────┘
+//	   │││││┌10:NO_SEH
+//	   ││││││┌9:NO_ISOLATION
+//	   │││││││┌8:NX_COMPAT
+//	   ││││││││┌7:FORCE_INTEGRITY
+//	   │││││││││┌6:DYNAMIC_BASE
+//	   ││││││││││┌5:HIGH_ENTROPY_VA
+//	   │││││││││││rrrrr
 DLLSTD = 0b0000000100100000
 DLLPIE = 0b0000000001100000
 DLLEXE = DLLSTD
 
-//	     ┌31:Writeable                        ┌─────────────────────────┐
-//	     │┌30:Readable                        │ PE Section Flags        │
-//	     ││┌29:Executable                     ├─────────────────────────┤
-//	     │││┌28:Shareable                     │ o │ for object files    │
-//	     ││││┌27:Unpageable                   │ r │ reserved            │
-//	     │││││┌26:Uncacheable                 └───┴─────────────────────┘
-//	     ││││││┌25:Discardable
-//	     │││││││┌24:Contains Extended Relocations
-//	     ││││││││        ┌15:Contains Global Pointer (GP) Relative Data
-//	     ││││││││        │       ┌7:Contains Uninitialized Data
-//	     ││││││││        │       │┌6:Contains Initialized Data
-//	     ││││││││ o      │       ││┌5:Contains Code
-//	     ││││││││┌┴─┐rrrr│  ooror│││rorrr
+//	   ┌31:Writeable                        ┌─────────────────────────┐
+//	   │┌30:Readable                        │ PE Section Flags        │
+//	   ││┌29:Executable                     ├─────────────────────────┤
+//	   │││┌28:Shareable                     │ o │ for object files    │
+//	   ││││┌27:Unpageable                   │ r │ reserved            │
+//	   │││││┌26:Uncacheable                 └───┴─────────────────────┘
+//	   ││││││┌25:Discardable
+//	   │││││││┌24:Contains Extended Relocations
+//	   ││││││││        ┌15:Contains Global Pointer (GP) Relative Data
+//	   ││││││││        │       ┌7:Contains Uninitialized Data
+//	   ││││││││        │       │┌6:Contains Initialized Data
+//	   ││││││││ o      │       ││┌5:Contains Code
+//	   ││││││││┌┴─┐rrrr│  ooror│││rorrr
 PETEXT = 0b01110000000000000000000001100000
 PEDATA = 0b11000000000000000000000011000000
 PEIMPS = 0b11000000000000000000000001000000
@@ -1397,19 +1452,19 @@ long:	push	$GDT_LONG_DATA
 	jmp	*%rax
 	.endfn	long
 
-/*  ▄▄▒▀▀▀▀▒▒▄░
-█████▓▓▄░░░░  ▒▒▄░
+/*  ▄▄▒▀▀▀▀▒▒▄
+█████▓▓▄░░░░  ▒▒▄
 ▐█▓▓█▓▄█████▓░   ▀▒▄
  ▓█▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓█▓     ░▀▒░
-  ░▀▀▓█▓▓▓▓▓▓█▓       ░▀▒▄▄▒▄▄▄▒▒▒▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▒▒▄▒
-      ░▀▓▓█▓▓▓▓▓▄          ░                       ░▀▒▄▄                       ▄
-          ░▀█▓▓▓▓▓▄░                                   ░▀▒░                  ▄▓▌
+   ▀▀▓█▓▓▓▓▓▓█▓       ░▀▒▄▄▒▄▄▄▒▒▒▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▒▒▄▒
+       ▀▓▓█▓▓▓▓▓▄          ░                       ░▀▒▄▄                       ▄
+           ▀█▓▓▓▓▓▄░                                   ░▀▒░                  ▄▓▌
             ▀█▓▓▓▓▓█▓░                                    ░▀▄░            ░▄▓██░
-             ░▀█▓▓▓▓▓█▄                                      ░▀▒▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▒▀▓█▓█▓░
-               ░▀█▓▓▓▓█▓░                                             ░▄▓█▓▓█▓▄▌
-                 ░▀█▓▓▓▓▓▄                        ▄▄▄▓▓██▓▓▒▒░      ▒▒▄▓█▓▓▓▓█▓
+              ▀█▓▓▓▓▓█▄                                      ░▀▒▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▒▀▓█▓█▓░
+                ▀█▓▓▓▓█▓░                                             ░▄▓█▓▓█▓▄▌
+                  ▀█▓▓▓▓▓▄                        ▄▄▄▓▓██▓▓▒▒░      ▒▒▄▓█▓▓▓▓█▓
                    ▀█▓▓▓▓▓▓▄▄░               ░▄▄▓██▓▓▓▓▓██████████████▓▓▓▓▓▓█▀
-                    ▐█▓▓▓▓▓▓▓██▓▓▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▓▓██▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓█████████▓▓▀░
+                    ▐█▓▓▓▓▓▓▓██▓▓▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▓▓██▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓█████████▓▓▀
                      ▀▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓█░ ░░░░░░
                      ▄░▓█▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓█▌
                      █▓▄▀▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓██▓▓▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▓█▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓
@@ -1437,7 +1492,22 @@ kernel:	movabs	$ape_stack_vaddr,%rsp
 	test	%rax,%rax
 	jz	1f
 	movb	$METAL,(%rax)
-1:	xor	%eax,%eax
+1:	push	$0
+	mov	%rsp,%rbp
+	mov	.Lenv0(%rip),%rax
+	mov	%rax,(%rbp)			# envp[0][0]
+	push	$0				# argv[0][0]
+	push	$0				# auxv[1][1]
+	push	$0				# auxv[1][0]
+	push	%rbp				# auxv[0][1]
+	push	$31				# auxv[0][0] AT_EXECFN
+	push	$0				# envp[1]
+	push	$.Lenv0				# envp[0]
+	push	$0				# argv[1]
+	push	%rbp				# argv[0]
+	push	$1				# argc
+	xor	%ebp,%ebp
+	xor	%eax,%eax
 	xor	%ecx,%ecx
 	xor	%edx,%edx
 	xor	%edi,%edi
@@ -1446,20 +1516,10 @@ kernel:	movabs	$ape_stack_vaddr,%rsp
 	xor	%r9d,%r9d
 	xor	%r10d,%r10d
 	xor	%r11d,%r11d
-	push	$0				# auxv[1][1]
-	push	$0				# auxv[1][0]
-	push	$.Larg0				# auxv[0][1]
-	push	$31				# auxv[0][0] AT_EXECFN
-	push	$0				# envp[1]
-	push	$.Lenv0				# envp[0]
-	push	$0				# argv[1]
-	push	$.Larg0				# argv[0]
-	push	$1				# argc
 	jmp	_start
 	.endfn	kernel
 
 	.rodata
-.Larg0:	.asciz	"ape.com"
 .Lenv0:	.asciz	"METAL=1"
 	.previous
 

ape/ape.lds

@@ -201,6 +201,8 @@ SECTIONS {
 
     /* Real Mode */
     KEEP(*(.head))
+    KEEP(*(.apesh))
+    KEEP(*(.head2))
     KEEP(*(.text.head))
 
     /* Executable & Linkable Format */
@@ -375,7 +377,7 @@ SECTIONS {
 /*END:   file content */
 /*BEGIN: bss memory that's addressable */
 
-  .bss ALIGN(__SIZEOF_POINTER__) : {
+  .bss ALIGN(64) : {
     KEEP(*(SORT_BY_NAME(.piro.bss.init.*)))
     *(.piro.bss)
     KEEP(*(SORT_BY_NAME(.piro.bss.sort.*)))

ape/ape.mk

@@ -19,6 +19,11 @@ APE =	$(APE_DEPS)			\
 	$(APE_OBJS)			\
 	o/$(MODE)/ape/ape.lds
 
+APE_BUILDSAFE =				\
+	$(APE_DEPS)			\
+	o/$(MODE)/ape/ape-buildsafe.o	\
+	o/$(MODE)/ape/ape.lds
+
 APELINK =				\
 	$(COMPILE)			\
 	-ALINK.ape			\
@@ -46,5 +51,13 @@ o/ape/idata.inc:			\
 $(APE_OBJS):	$(BUILD_FILES)		\
 		ape/ape.mk
 
+o/$(MODE)/ape/ape-no-modify-self.o: ape/ape.S
+	@$(COMPILE) -AOBJECTIFY.S $(OBJECTIFY.S) $(OUTPUT_OPTION) -DAPE_NO_MODIFY_SELF $<
+
+o/$(MODE)/ape/ape-buildsafe.o: ape/ape.S
+	@$(COMPILE) -AOBJECTIFY.S $(OBJECTIFY.S) $(OUTPUT_OPTION) -DAPE_BUILDSAFE $<
+
 .PHONY: o/$(MODE)/ape
-o/$(MODE)/ape: $(APE) $(APE_CHECKS)
+o/$(MODE)/ape:	$(APE)			\
+		$(APE_CHECKS)		\
+		o/$(MODE)/ape/ape-no-modify-self.o

build/config.mk

@@ -50,6 +50,8 @@ endif
 
 # Release Mode
 #
+# Follows traditional closed source release binary norms.
+#
 #   - `make MODE=rel`
 #   - More optimized
 #   - Reasonably small
@@ -69,16 +71,45 @@ CONFIG_CCFLAGS +=		\
 	$(BACKTRACES)		\
 	-O2
 
+TARGET_ARCH ?=			\
+	-msse3
+
+endif
+
+# Asan Mode
+#
+# Safer binaries good for backend production serving.
+#
+#   - `make MODE=asan`
+#   - Memory safety
+#   - Production worthy
+#   - Backtraces
+#   - Debuggability
+#   - Larger binaries
+
+ifeq ($(MODE), asan)
+
+CONFIG_CCFLAGS +=		\
+	$(BACKTRACES)		\
+	-O2
+
+CONFIG_COPTS +=			\
+	-fsanitize=address
+
+TARGET_ARCH ?=			\
+	-msse3
+
 endif
 
 # Debug Mode
 #
 #   - `make MODE=dbg`
 #   - Backtraces
-#   - Zero optimization
-#   - Enables sanitization
-#   - Enables stack canaries
-#   - Enormous binaries (b/c ubsan suboptimalities)
+#   - Enables asan
+#   - Enables ubsan (TODO)
+#   - Stack canaries
+#   - No optimization (TODO)
+#   - Enormous binaries
 
 ifeq ($(MODE), dbg)
 
@@ -91,8 +122,7 @@ CONFIG_CCFLAGS +=		\
 	-O2
 
 CONFIG_COPTS +=			\
-	$(SECURITY_BLANKETS)	\
-	$(SANITIZER)
+	-fsanitize=address
 
 TARGET_ARCH ?=			\
 	-msse3
@@ -113,6 +143,7 @@ endif
 #   - No backtraces
 #   - No algorithmics
 #   - YOLO
+
 ifeq ($(MODE), tiny)
 CONFIG_CPPFLAGS +=		\
 	-DTINY			\
@@ -140,6 +171,7 @@ endif
 #   - No portability
 #   - No algorithmics
 #   - YOLO
+
 ifeq ($(MODE), tinylinux)
 CONFIG_CPPFLAGS +=		\
 	-DTINY			\
@@ -169,6 +201,7 @@ endif
 #   - No backtraces
 #   - No algorithmics
 #   - YOLO
+
 ifeq ($(MODE), tinylinuxbsd)
 CONFIG_CPPFLAGS +=		\
 	-DTINY			\
@@ -197,6 +230,7 @@ endif
 #   - No backtraces
 #   - No algorithmics
 #   - YOLO
+
 ifeq ($(MODE), tinysysv)
 CONFIG_CPPFLAGS +=		\
 	-DTINY			\
@@ -225,6 +259,7 @@ endif
 #   - No backtraces
 #   - No algorithmics
 #   - YOLO
+
 ifeq ($(MODE), tinynowin)
 CONFIG_CPPFLAGS +=		\
 	-DTINY			\

build/definitions.mk

@@ -77,7 +77,8 @@ PWD := $(shell pwd)
 IMAGE_BASE_VIRTUAL ?= 0x400000
 HELLO := $(shell build/hello)
 TMPDIR := $(shell build/findtmp)
-COMPILE := $(shell build/getcompile) -V$(shell build/getccversion $(CC))
+SPAWNER := $(shell build/getcompile) -V$(shell build/getccversion $(CC))
+COMPILE = $(SPAWNER) $(QUOTA)
 
 export ADDR2LINE
 export LC_ALL
@@ -181,7 +182,6 @@ DEFAULT_LDLIBS =
 
 MCA =	llvm-mca-10							\
 	-mtriple=x86_64-pc-linux-gnu					\
-	-iterations=3							\
 	-instruction-info						\
 	-iterations=3							\
 	-all-stats							\

build/findtmp

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env bash
+#!/bin/sh
 #-*-mode:sh;indent-tabs-mode:nil;tab-width:2;coding:utf-8-*-┐
 #───vi: set net ft=sh ts=2 sts=2 fenc=utf-8 :vi─────────────┘
 #

build/rules.mk

@@ -79,4 +79,7 @@ o/$(MODE)/%.zip.o: %               ; @$(COMPILE) -AZIPOBJ $(ZIPOBJ) $(ZIPOBJ_FLA
 o/$(MODE)/%-gcc.asm: %.c           ; @$(COMPILE) -AOBJECTIFY.c $(OBJECTIFY.c) -S -g0 $(OUTPUT_OPTION) $<
 o/$(MODE)/%-clang.asm: %.c         ; @$(COMPILE) -AOBJECTIFY.c $(OBJECTIFY.c) -S -g0 $(OUTPUT_OPTION) $< || echo / need $(CLANG) >$@
 
+o/$(MODE)/%.lua: %.lua o/$(MODE)/third_party/lua/luac.com
+	@$(COMPILE) -ALUAC -T$@ o/$(MODE)/third_party/lua/luac.com -s -o $@ $<
+
 o/$(MODE)/%-clang.asm: CC = $(CLANG)

examples/certapp.c

@@ -0,0 +1,403 @@
+/*-*- mode:c;indent-tabs-mode:nil;c-basic-offset:2;tab-width:8;coding:utf-8 -*-│
+│vi: set net ft=c ts=2 sts=2 sw=2 fenc=utf-8                                :vi│
+╞══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╡
+│ Copyright The Mbed TLS Contributors                                          │
+│                                                                              │
+│ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");              │
+│ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.             │
+│ You may obtain a copy of the License at                                      │
+│                                                                              │
+│     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0                               │
+│                                                                              │
+│ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software          │
+│ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,            │
+│ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.     │
+│ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and          │
+│ limitations under the License.                                               │
+╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#include "libc/fmt/conv.h"
+#include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
+#include "libc/sysv/consts/exit.h"
+#include "third_party/mbedtls/ctr_drbg.h"
+#include "third_party/mbedtls/debug.h"
+#include "third_party/mbedtls/entropy.h"
+#include "third_party/mbedtls/net_sockets.h"
+#include "third_party/mbedtls/ssl.h"
+#include "third_party/mbedtls/x509_crt.h"
+
+STATIC_YOINK("ssl_root_support");
+
+#define MODE_NONE 0
+#define MODE_FILE 1
+#define MODE_SSL  2
+
+#define DFL_MODE        MODE_NONE
+#define DFL_FILENAME    "cert.crt"
+#define DFL_CA_FILE     ""
+#define DFL_CRL_FILE    ""
+#define DFL_CA_PATH     "zip:usr/share/ssl/root"
+#define DFL_SERVER_NAME "localhost"
+#define DFL_SERVER_PORT "4433"
+#define DFL_DEBUG_LEVEL 0
+#define DFL_PERMISSIVE  0
+
+#define USAGE_IO                                             \
+  "    ca_file=%%s          file containing top-level CAs\n" \
+  "    ca_path=%%s          dir containing top-level CAs\n"  \
+  "    crl_file=%%s         The single CRL file you want to use\n"
+
+#define USAGE                                             \
+  "\n usage: %s param=<>...\n"                            \
+  "\n acceptable parameters:\n"                           \
+  "    mode=file|ssl        default: none\n"              \
+  "    filename=%%s         default: cert.crt\n" USAGE_IO \
+  "    server_name=%%s      default: localhost\n"         \
+  "    server_port=%%d      default: 4433\n"              \
+  "    debug_level=%%d      default: 0 (disabled)\n"      \
+  "    permissive=%%d       default: 0 (disabled)\n"      \
+  "\n"
+
+/*
+ * global options
+ */
+struct options {
+  int mode;                /* the mode to run the application in   */
+  const char *filename;    /* filename of the certificate file     */
+  const char *ca_file;     /* the file with the CA certificate(s)  */
+  const char *crl_file;    /* the file with the CRL to use         */
+  const char *ca_path;     /* the path with the CA certificate(s) reside */
+  const char *server_name; /* hostname of the server (client only) */
+  const char *server_port; /* port on which the ssl service runs   */
+  int debug_level;         /* level of debugging                   */
+  int permissive;          /* permissive parsing                   */
+} opt;
+
+static void my_debug(void *ctx, int level, const char *file, int line,
+                     const char *str) {
+  fprintf((FILE *)ctx, "%s:%04d: %s", file, line, str);
+  fflush((FILE *)ctx);
+}
+
+static int my_verify(void *data, mbedtls_x509_crt *crt, int depth,
+                     uint32_t *flags) {
+  char buf[1024];
+  printf("\nVerify requested for (Depth %d):\n", depth);
+  mbedtls_x509_crt_info(buf, sizeof(buf) - 1, "", crt);
+  printf("%s", buf);
+  if (*flags) {
+    mbedtls_x509_crt_verify_info(buf, sizeof(buf), "  ! ", *flags);
+    printf("%s\n", buf);
+  }
+  return 0;
+}
+
+mbedtls_net_context server_fd;
+unsigned char buf[1024];
+mbedtls_entropy_context entropy;
+mbedtls_ctr_drbg_context ctr_drbg;
+mbedtls_ssl_context ssl;
+mbedtls_ssl_config conf;
+mbedtls_x509_crt cacert;
+mbedtls_x509_crl cacrl;
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
+  int ret = 1;
+  int exit_code = EXIT_FAILURE;
+  int i, j;
+  uint32_t flags;
+  int verify = 0;
+  char *p, *q;
+  const char *pers = "cert_app";
+
+  /*
+   * Set to sane values
+   */
+  mbedtls_net_init(&server_fd);
+  mbedtls_ctr_drbg_init(&ctr_drbg);
+  mbedtls_ssl_init(&ssl);
+  mbedtls_ssl_config_init(&conf);
+  mbedtls_x509_crt_init(&cacert);
+#if defined(MBEDTLS_X509_CRL_PARSE_C)
+  mbedtls_x509_crl_init(&cacrl);
+#else
+  /* Zeroize structure as CRL parsing is not supported and we have to pass
+     it to the verify function */
+  memset(&cacrl, 0, sizeof(mbedtls_x509_crl));
+#endif
+
+  if (argc == 0) {
+  usage:
+    printf(USAGE, program_invocation_name);
+    goto exit;
+  }
+
+  opt.mode = DFL_MODE;
+  opt.filename = DFL_FILENAME;
+  opt.ca_file = DFL_CA_FILE;
+  opt.crl_file = DFL_CRL_FILE;
+  opt.ca_path = DFL_CA_PATH;
+  opt.server_name = DFL_SERVER_NAME;
+  opt.server_port = DFL_SERVER_PORT;
+  opt.debug_level = DFL_DEBUG_LEVEL;
+  opt.permissive = DFL_PERMISSIVE;
+
+  for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
+    p = argv[i];
+    if ((q = strchr(p, '=')) == NULL) goto usage;
+    *q++ = '\0';
+
+    for (j = 0; p + j < q; j++) {
+      if (argv[i][j] >= 'A' && argv[i][j] <= 'Z') argv[i][j] |= 0x20;
+    }
+
+    if (strcmp(p, "mode") == 0) {
+      if (strcmp(q, "file") == 0)
+        opt.mode = MODE_FILE;
+      else if (strcmp(q, "ssl") == 0)
+        opt.mode = MODE_SSL;
+      else
+        goto usage;
+    } else if (strcmp(p, "filename") == 0)
+      opt.filename = q;
+    else if (strcmp(p, "ca_file") == 0)
+      opt.ca_file = q;
+    else if (strcmp(p, "crl_file") == 0)
+      opt.crl_file = q;
+    else if (strcmp(p, "ca_path") == 0)
+      opt.ca_path = q;
+    else if (strcmp(p, "server_name") == 0)
+      opt.server_name = q;
+    else if (strcmp(p, "server_port") == 0)
+      opt.server_port = q;
+    else if (strcmp(p, "debug_level") == 0) {
+      opt.debug_level = atoi(q);
+      if (opt.debug_level < 0 || opt.debug_level > 65535) goto usage;
+    } else if (strcmp(p, "permissive") == 0) {
+      opt.permissive = atoi(q);
+      if (opt.permissive < 0 || opt.permissive > 1) goto usage;
+    } else
+      goto usage;
+  }
+
+  /*
+   * 1.1. Load the trusted CA
+   */
+  printf("  . Loading the CA root certificate ...");
+  fflush(stdout);
+
+  if (strlen(opt.ca_path)) {
+    if ((ret = mbedtls_x509_crt_parse_path(&cacert, opt.ca_path)) < 0) {
+      printf(" failed\n  !  mbedtls_x509_crt_parse_path returned -0x%x\n\n",
+             (unsigned int)-ret);
+      goto exit;
+    }
+
+    verify = 1;
+  } else if (strlen(opt.ca_file)) {
+    if ((ret = mbedtls_x509_crt_parse_file(&cacert, opt.ca_file)) < 0) {
+      printf(" failed\n  !  mbedtls_x509_crt_parse_file returned -0x%x\n\n",
+             (unsigned int)-ret);
+      goto exit;
+    }
+
+    verify = 1;
+  }
+
+  printf(" ok (%d skipped)\n", ret);
+
+#if defined(MBEDTLS_X509_CRL_PARSE_C)
+  if (strlen(opt.crl_file)) {
+    if ((ret = mbedtls_x509_crl_parse_file(&cacrl, opt.crl_file)) != 0) {
+      printf(" failed\n  !  mbedtls_x509_crl_parse returned -0x%x\n\n",
+             (unsigned int)-ret);
+      goto exit;
+    }
+
+    verify = 1;
+  }
+#endif
+
+  if (opt.mode == MODE_FILE) {
+    mbedtls_x509_crt crt;
+    mbedtls_x509_crt *cur = &crt;
+    mbedtls_x509_crt_init(&crt);
+
+    /*
+     * 1.1. Load the certificate(s)
+     */
+    printf("\n  . Loading the certificate(s) ...");
+    fflush(stdout);
+
+    ret = mbedtls_x509_crt_parse_file(&crt, opt.filename);
+
+    if (ret < 0) {
+      printf(" failed\n  !  mbedtls_x509_crt_parse_file returned -0x%04x\n\n",
+             -ret);
+      mbedtls_x509_crt_free(&crt);
+      goto exit;
+    }
+
+    if (opt.permissive == 0 && ret > 0) {
+      printf(" failed\n  !  mbedtls_x509_crt_parse failed to parse %d "
+             "certificates\n\n",
+             ret);
+      mbedtls_x509_crt_free(&crt);
+      goto exit;
+    }
+
+    printf(" ok\n");
+
+    /*
+     * 1.2 Print the certificate(s)
+     */
+    while (cur != NULL) {
+      printf("  . Peer certificate information    ...\n");
+      ret = mbedtls_x509_crt_info((char *)buf, sizeof(buf) - 1, "      ", cur);
+      if (ret == -1) {
+        printf(" failed\n  !  mbedtls_x509_crt_info returned -0x%04x\n\n",
+               -ret);
+        mbedtls_x509_crt_free(&crt);
+        goto exit;
+      }
+
+      printf("%s\n", buf);
+
+      cur = cur->next;
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * 1.3 Verify the certificate
+     */
+    if (verify) {
+      printf("  . Verifying X.509 certificate...");
+
+      if ((ret = mbedtls_x509_crt_verify(&crt, &cacert, &cacrl, NULL, &flags,
+                                         my_verify, NULL)) != 0) {
+        char vrfy_buf[512];
+
+        printf(" failed\n");
+
+        mbedtls_x509_crt_verify_info(vrfy_buf, sizeof(vrfy_buf), "  ! ", flags);
+
+        printf("%s\n", vrfy_buf);
+      } else
+        printf(" ok\n");
+    }
+
+    mbedtls_x509_crt_free(&crt);
+  } else if (opt.mode == MODE_SSL) {
+    /*
+     * 1. Initialize the RNG and the session data
+     */
+    printf("\n  . Seeding the random number generator...");
+    fflush(stdout);
+
+    mbedtls_entropy_init(&entropy);
+    if ((ret = mbedtls_ctr_drbg_seed(&ctr_drbg, mbedtls_entropy_func, &entropy,
+                                     (const unsigned char *)pers,
+                                     strlen(pers))) != 0) {
+      printf(" failed\n  ! mbedtls_ctr_drbg_seed returned %d\n", ret);
+      goto ssl_exit;
+    }
+
+    printf(" ok\n");
+
+#if defined(MBEDTLS_DEBUG_C)
+    mbedtls_debug_set_threshold(opt.debug_level);
+#endif
+
+    /*
+     * 2. Start the connection
+     */
+    printf("  . Connecting to tcp/%s/%s...\n", opt.server_name,
+           opt.server_port);
+
+    if ((ret = mbedtls_net_connect(&server_fd, opt.server_name, opt.server_port,
+                                   MBEDTLS_NET_PROTO_TCP)) != 0) {
+      printf("  ! mbedtls_net_connect returned -0x%04x\n\n", -ret);
+      goto ssl_exit;
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * 3. Setup stuff
+     */
+    if ((ret = mbedtls_ssl_config_defaults(&conf, MBEDTLS_SSL_IS_CLIENT,
+                                           MBEDTLS_SSL_TRANSPORT_STREAM,
+                                           MBEDTLS_SSL_PRESET_DEFAULT)) != 0) {
+      printf("  ! mbedtls_ssl_config_defaults returned -0x%04x\n\n", -ret);
+      goto exit;
+    }
+
+    if (verify) {
+      mbedtls_ssl_conf_authmode(&conf, MBEDTLS_SSL_VERIFY_REQUIRED);
+      mbedtls_ssl_conf_ca_chain(&conf, &cacert, NULL);
+      mbedtls_ssl_conf_verify(&conf, my_verify, NULL);
+    } else
+      mbedtls_ssl_conf_authmode(&conf, MBEDTLS_SSL_VERIFY_NONE);
+
+    mbedtls_ssl_conf_rng(&conf, mbedtls_ctr_drbg_random, &ctr_drbg);
+    mbedtls_ssl_conf_dbg(&conf, my_debug, stdout);
+
+    if ((ret = mbedtls_ssl_setup(&ssl, &conf)) != 0) {
+      printf("  ! mbedtls_ssl_setup returned -0x%04x\n\n", -ret);
+      goto ssl_exit;
+    }
+
+    if ((ret = mbedtls_ssl_set_hostname(&ssl, opt.server_name)) != 0) {
+      printf("  ! mbedtls_ssl_set_hostname returned -0x%04x\n\n", -ret);
+      goto ssl_exit;
+    }
+
+    mbedtls_ssl_set_bio(&ssl, &server_fd, mbedtls_net_send, mbedtls_net_recv,
+                        NULL);
+
+    /*
+     * 4. Handshake
+     */
+    while ((ret = mbedtls_ssl_handshake(&ssl)) != 0) {
+      if (ret != MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_WANT_READ &&
+          ret != MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_WANT_WRITE) {
+        printf("  ! mbedtls_ssl_handshake returned -0x%04x\n\n", -ret);
+        goto ssl_exit;
+      }
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * 5. Print the certificate
+     */
+#if !defined(MBEDTLS_SSL_KEEP_PEER_CERTIFICATE)
+    printf("  . Peer certificate information    ... skipped\n");
+#else
+    printf("  . Peer certificate information    ...\n");
+    ret = mbedtls_x509_crt_info((char *)buf, sizeof(buf) - 1, "      ",
+                                mbedtls_ssl_get_peer_cert(&ssl));
+    if (ret == -1) {
+      printf(" failed\n  !  mbedtls_x509_crt_info returned -0x%04x\n\n", -ret);
+      goto ssl_exit;
+    }
+
+    printf("%s\n", buf);
+#endif /* MBEDTLS_SSL_KEEP_PEER_CERTIFICATE */
+
+    mbedtls_ssl_close_notify(&ssl);
+
+  ssl_exit:
+    mbedtls_ssl_free(&ssl);
+    mbedtls_ssl_config_free(&conf);
+  } else
+    goto usage;
+
+  exit_code = MBEDTLS_EXIT_SUCCESS;
+
+exit:
+
+  mbedtls_net_free(&server_fd);
+  mbedtls_x509_crt_free(&cacert);
+#if defined(MBEDTLS_X509_CRL_PARSE_C)
+  mbedtls_x509_crl_free(&cacrl);
+#endif
+  mbedtls_ctr_drbg_free(&ctr_drbg);
+  mbedtls_entropy_free(&entropy);
+
+  mbedtls_exit(exit_code);
+}

examples/curl.c

@@ -8,24 +8,49 @@
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
 #endif
 #include "libc/bits/safemacros.internal.h"
+#include "libc/calls/calls.h"
+#include "libc/calls/struct/iovec.h"
+#include "libc/dce.h"
 #include "libc/dns/dns.h"
+#include "libc/errno.h"
 #include "libc/fmt/conv.h"
 #include "libc/fmt/fmt.h"
 #include "libc/log/check.h"
 #include "libc/log/log.h"
 #include "libc/macros.internal.h"
+#include "libc/rand/rand.h"
 #include "libc/runtime/gc.h"
 #include "libc/runtime/runtime.h"
+#include "libc/sock/goodsocket.internal.h"
 #include "libc/sock/sock.h"
+#include "libc/stdio/append.internal.h"
 #include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
+#include "libc/str/slice.h"
 #include "libc/str/str.h"
 #include "libc/sysv/consts/af.h"
-#include "libc/sysv/consts/ai.h"
+#include "libc/sysv/consts/dt.h"
+#include "libc/sysv/consts/ex.h"
+#include "libc/sysv/consts/exit.h"
 #include "libc/sysv/consts/ipproto.h"
 #include "libc/sysv/consts/shut.h"
+#include "libc/sysv/consts/sig.h"
+#include "libc/sysv/consts/so.h"
 #include "libc/sysv/consts/sock.h"
+#include "libc/sysv/consts/sol.h"
+#include "libc/sysv/consts/tcp.h"
+#include "libc/time/struct/tm.h"
 #include "libc/x/x.h"
-#include "net/http/uri.h"
+#include "net/http/http.h"
+#include "net/http/url.h"
+#include "net/https/https.h"
+#include "net/https/sslcache.h"
+#include "third_party/getopt/getopt.h"
+#include "third_party/mbedtls/ctr_drbg.h"
+#include "third_party/mbedtls/debug.h"
+#include "third_party/mbedtls/error.h"
+#include "third_party/mbedtls/pk.h"
+#include "third_party/mbedtls/ssl.h"
+#include "third_party/mbedtls/ssl_ticket.h"
 
 /**
  * @fileoverview Downloads HTTP URL to stdout.
@@ -34,73 +59,347 @@
  *     o//examples/curl.com http://justine.lol/ape.html
  */
 
+#define HasHeader(H)    (!!msg.headers[H].a)
+#define HeaderData(H)   (p + msg.headers[H].a)
+#define HeaderLength(H) (msg.headers[H].b - msg.headers[H].a)
+#define HeaderEqualCase(H, S) \
+  SlicesEqualCase(S, strlen(S), HeaderData(H), HeaderLength(H))
+
+static bool TuneSocket(int fd, int a, int b, int x) {
+  if (!b) return false;
+  return setsockopt(fd, a, b, &x, sizeof(x)) != -1;
+}
+
+static int TlsSend(void *c, const unsigned char *p, size_t n) {
+  int rc;
+  NOISEF("begin send %zu", n);
+  CHECK_NE(-1, (rc = write(*(int *)c, p, n)));
+  NOISEF("end   send %zu", n);
+  return rc;
+}
+
+static int TlsRecv(void *c, unsigned char *p, size_t n, uint32_t o) {
+  int r;
+  struct iovec v[2];
+  static unsigned a, b;
+  static unsigned char t[4096];
+  if (a < b) {
+    r = MIN(n, b - a);
+    memcpy(p, t + a, r);
+    if ((a += r) == b) a = b = 0;
+    return r;
+  }
+  v[0].iov_base = p;
+  v[0].iov_len = n;
+  v[1].iov_base = t;
+  v[1].iov_len = sizeof(t);
+  NOISEF("begin recv %zu", n + sizeof(t) - b);
+  CHECK_NE(-1, (r = readv(*(int *)c, v, 2)));
+  NOISEF("end   recv %zu", r);
+  if (r > n) b = r - n;
+  return MIN(n, r);
+}
+
+static wontreturn void PrintUsage(FILE *f, int rc) {
+  fprintf(f, "usage: %s [-ksvV] URL\n", program_invocation_name);
+  exit(rc);
+}
+
 int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
-  int sock;
-  ssize_t rc;
-  unsigned long need;
-  struct UriSlice path;
-  size_t i, got, toto, msglen;
-  char buf[1500], host[256], port[7];
-  const char *url, *msg, *pathstr, *crlfcrlf, *contentlength;
-  struct UriSlice us[16];
-  struct Uri u = {.segs.p = us, .segs.n = ARRAYLEN(us)};
-  struct addrinfo *addr, *addrs;
+  if (!NoDebug()) showcrashreports();
+  xsigaction(SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN, 0, 0, 0);
+
+  /*
+   * Read flags.
+   */
+  int opt;
+  struct Headers {
+    size_t n;
+    char **p;
+  } headers = {0};
+  int method = kHttpGet;
+  bool authmode = MBEDTLS_SSL_VERIFY_REQUIRED;
+  const char *agent = "hurl/1.o (https://github.com/jart/cosmopolitan)";
+  __log_level = kLogWarn;
+  while ((opt = getopt(argc, argv, "qksvVIX:H:A:")) != -1) {
+    switch (opt) {
+      case 's':
+      case 'q':
+        break;
+      case 'v':
+        ++__log_level;
+        break;
+      case 'I':
+        method = kHttpHead;
+        break;
+      case 'A':
+        agent = optarg;
+        break;
+      case 'H':
+        headers.p = realloc(headers.p, ++headers.n * sizeof(*headers.p));
+        headers.p[headers.n - 1] = optarg;
+        break;
+      case 'X':
+        CHECK((method = GetHttpMethod(optarg, strlen(optarg))));
+        break;
+      case 'V':
+        ++mbedtls_debug_threshold;
+        break;
+      case 'k':
+        authmode = MBEDTLS_SSL_VERIFY_NONE;
+        break;
+      case 'h':
+        PrintUsage(stdout, EXIT_SUCCESS);
+      default:
+        PrintUsage(stderr, EX_USAGE);
+    }
+  }
+
+  /*
+   * Get argument.
+   */
+  const char *urlarg;
+  if (optind == argc) PrintUsage(stderr, EX_USAGE);
+  urlarg = argv[optind];
+
+  /*
+   * Parse URL.
+   */
+  struct Url url;
+  char *host, *port;
+  bool usessl = false;
+  _gc(ParseUrl(urlarg, -1, &url));
+  _gc(url.params.p);
+  if (url.scheme.n) {
+    if (url.scheme.n == 5 && !memcasecmp(url.scheme.p, "https", 5)) {
+      usessl = true;
+    } else if (!(url.scheme.n == 4 && !memcasecmp(url.scheme.p, "http", 4))) {
+      fprintf(stderr, "error: not an http/https url: %s\n", urlarg);
+      exit(1);
+    }
+  }
+  if (url.host.n) {
+    host = _gc(strndup(url.host.p, url.host.n));
+    if (url.port.n) {
+      port = _gc(strndup(url.port.p, url.port.n));
+    } else {
+      port = usessl ? "443" : "80";
+    }
+  } else {
+    host = "127.0.0.1";
+    port = usessl ? "443" : "80";
+  }
+  if (!IsAcceptableHost(host, -1)) {
+    fprintf(stderr, "error: invalid host: %s\n", urlarg);
+    exit(1);
+  }
+  url.fragment.p = 0, url.fragment.n = 0;
+  url.scheme.p = 0, url.scheme.n = 0;
+  url.user.p = 0, url.user.n = 0;
+  url.pass.p = 0, url.pass.n = 0;
+  url.host.p = 0, url.host.n = 0;
+  url.port.p = 0, url.port.n = 0;
+  if (!url.path.n || url.path.p[0] != '/') {
+    char *p = _gc(xmalloc(1 + url.path.n));
+    mempcpy(mempcpy(p, "/", 1), url.path.p, url.path.n);
+    url.path.p = p;
+    ++url.path.n;
+  }
+
+  /*
+   * Create HTTP message.
+   */
+  char *request = 0;
+  appendf(&request,
+          "%s %s HTTP/1.1\r\n"
+          "Host: %s:%s\r\n"
+          "Connection: close\r\n"
+          "User-Agent: %s\r\n",
+          kHttpMethod[method], _gc(EncodeUrl(&url, 0)), host, port, agent);
+  for (int i = 0; i < headers.n; ++i) {
+    appendf(&request, "%s\r\n", headers.p[i]);
+  }
+  appendf(&request, "\r\n");
+
+  /*
+   * Setup crypto.
+   */
+  mbedtls_ssl_config conf;
+  mbedtls_ssl_context ssl;
+  mbedtls_x509_crt *cachain = 0;
+  mbedtls_ctr_drbg_context drbg;
+  if (usessl) {
+    mbedtls_ssl_init(&ssl);
+    mbedtls_ctr_drbg_init(&drbg);
+    mbedtls_ssl_config_init(&conf);
+    cachain = GetSslRoots();
+    CHECK_EQ(0, mbedtls_ctr_drbg_seed(&drbg, GetEntropy, 0, "justine", 7));
+    CHECK_EQ(0, mbedtls_ssl_config_defaults(&conf, MBEDTLS_SSL_IS_CLIENT,
+                                            MBEDTLS_SSL_TRANSPORT_STREAM,
+                                            MBEDTLS_SSL_PRESET_DEFAULT));
+    mbedtls_ssl_conf_authmode(&conf, authmode);
+    mbedtls_ssl_conf_ca_chain(&conf, cachain, 0);
+    mbedtls_ssl_conf_rng(&conf, mbedtls_ctr_drbg_random, &drbg);
+    if (!IsTiny()) mbedtls_ssl_conf_dbg(&conf, TlsDebug, 0);
+    CHECK_EQ(0, mbedtls_ssl_setup(&ssl, &conf));
+    CHECK_EQ(0, mbedtls_ssl_set_hostname(&ssl, host));
+  }
+
+  /*
+   * Perform DNS lookup.
+   */
+  struct addrinfo *addr;
   struct addrinfo hints = {.ai_family = AF_INET,
                            .ai_socktype = SOCK_STREAM,
                            .ai_protocol = IPPROTO_TCP,
                            .ai_flags = AI_NUMERICSERV};
-  if (argc != 2) {
-    fprintf(stderr, "USAGE: %s URL\n", argv[0]);
-    exit(1);
-  }
-  url = argv[1];
-  CHECK_NE(-1, uriparse(&u, url, strlen(url)), "BAD URL: %`'s", url);
-  CHECK_EQ(kUriSchemeHttp, urischeme(u.scheme, url));
-  urislice2cstr(host, sizeof(host), u.host, url, "127.0.0.1");
-  urislice2cstr(port, sizeof(port), u.port, url, "80");
-  path = uripath(&u);
-  pathstr = path.n ? url + path.i : "/";
-  msg = _gc(xstrcat("GET ", pathstr,
-                    " HTTP/1.1\r\n"
-                    "Host: ",
-                    host,
-                    "\r\n"
-                    "Connection: close\r\n"
-                    "Content-Length: 0\r\n"
-                    "Accept: text/plain; */*\r\n"
-                    "Accept-Encoding: identity\r\n"
-                    "User-Agent: github.com/jart/cosmopolitan\r\n"
-                    "\r\n"));
-  msglen = strlen(msg);
-  CHECK_EQ(EAI_SUCCESS, getaddrinfo(host, port, &hints, &addrs));
-  for (addr = addrs; addr; addr = addr->ai_next) {
-    CHECK_NE(-1, (sock = socket(addr->ai_family, addr->ai_socktype,
-                                addr->ai_protocol)));
-    CHECK_NE(-1, connect(sock, addr->ai_addr, addr->ai_addrlen));
-    CHECK_EQ(msglen, write(sock, msg, msglen));
-    shutdown(sock, SHUT_WR);
-    buf[0] = '\0';
-    CHECK_NE(-1, (rc = read(sock, buf, sizeof(buf))));
-    got = rc;
-    CHECK(startswith(buf, "HTTP/1.1 200"), "%`'.*s", got, buf);
-    CHECK_NOTNULL((crlfcrlf = memmem(buf, got, "\r\n\r\n", 4)));
-    need = strtol((char *)firstnonnull(
-                      memmem(buf, crlfcrlf - buf, "\r\nContent-Length: ", 18),
-                      firstnonnull(memmem(buf, crlfcrlf - buf,
-                                          "\r\ncontent-length: ", 18),
-                                   "\r\nContent-Length: -1")) +
-                      18,
-                  NULL, 10);
-    got = MIN(got - (crlfcrlf + 4 - buf), need);
-    CHECK_EQ(got, write(1, crlfcrlf + 4, got));
-    for (toto = got; toto < need; toto += got) {
-      CHECK_NE(-1, (rc = read(sock, buf, sizeof(buf))));
-      if (!(got = rc)) exit(18);
-      got = MIN(got, need - toto);
-      CHECK_EQ(got, write(1, buf, got));
+  CHECK_EQ(EAI_SUCCESS, getaddrinfo(host, port, &hints, &addr));
+
+  /*
+   * Connect to server.
+   */
+  int ret, sock;
+  CHECK_NE(-1, (sock = GoodSocket(addr->ai_family, addr->ai_socktype,
+                                  addr->ai_protocol, false,
+                                  &(struct timeval){-60})));
+  CHECK_NE(-1, connect(sock, addr->ai_addr, addr->ai_addrlen));
+  freeaddrinfo(addr);
+  if (usessl) {
+    mbedtls_ssl_set_bio(&ssl, &sock, TlsSend, 0, TlsRecv);
+    if ((ret = mbedtls_ssl_handshake(&ssl))) {
+      TlsDie("ssl handshake", ret);
     }
-    close(sock);
-    break;
   }
+
+  /*
+   * Send HTTP Message.
+   */
+  size_t n;
+  n = appendz(request).i;
+  if (usessl) {
+    ret = mbedtls_ssl_write(&ssl, request, n);
+    if (ret != n) TlsDie("ssl write", ret);
+  } else {
+    CHECK_EQ(n, write(sock, request, n));
+  }
+
+  /*
+   * Handle response.
+   */
+  int t;
+  char *p;
+  ssize_t rc;
+  struct HttpMessage msg;
+  struct HttpUnchunker u;
+  size_t g, i, hdrlen, paylen;
+  InitHttpMessage(&msg, kHttpResponse);
+  for (p = 0, hdrlen = paylen = t = i = n = 0;;) {
+    if (i == n) {
+      n += 1000;
+      n += n >> 1;
+      p = realloc(p, n);
+    }
+    if (usessl) {
+      if ((rc = mbedtls_ssl_read(&ssl, p + i, n - i)) < 0) {
+        if (rc == MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_PEER_CLOSE_NOTIFY) {
+          rc = 0;
+        } else {
+          TlsDie("ssl read", rc);
+        }
+      }
+    } else {
+      CHECK_NE(-1, (rc = read(sock, p + i, n - i)));
+    }
+    g = rc;
+    i += g;
+    switch (t) {
+      case kHttpClientStateHeaders:
+        CHECK(g);
+        CHECK_NE(-1, (rc = ParseHttpMessage(&msg, p, i)));
+        if (rc) {
+          hdrlen = rc;
+          if (100 <= msg.status && msg.status <= 199) {
+            CHECK(!HasHeader(kHttpContentLength) ||
+                  HeaderEqualCase(kHttpContentLength, "0"));
+            CHECK(!HasHeader(kHttpTransferEncoding) ||
+                  HeaderEqualCase(kHttpTransferEncoding, "identity"));
+            DestroyHttpMessage(&msg);
+            InitHttpMessage(&msg, kHttpResponse);
+            memmove(p, p + hdrlen, i - hdrlen);
+            i -= hdrlen;
+            break;
+          }
+          if (method == kHttpHead) {
+            CHECK_EQ(hdrlen, write(1, p, hdrlen));
+            goto Finished;
+          } else if (msg.status == 204 || msg.status == 304) {
+            goto Finished;
+          }
+          if (HasHeader(kHttpTransferEncoding) &&
+              !HeaderEqualCase(kHttpTransferEncoding, "identity")) {
+            CHECK(HeaderEqualCase(kHttpTransferEncoding, "chunked"));
+            t = kHttpClientStateBodyChunked;
+            memset(&u, 0, sizeof(u));
+            goto Chunked;
+          } else if (HasHeader(kHttpContentLength)) {
+            CHECK_NE(-1, (rc = ParseContentLength(
+                              HeaderData(kHttpContentLength),
+                              HeaderLength(kHttpContentLength))));
+            t = kHttpClientStateBodyLengthed;
+            paylen = rc;
+            if (paylen > i - hdrlen) {
+              CHECK_EQ(i - hdrlen, write(1, p + hdrlen, i - hdrlen));
+            } else {
+              CHECK_EQ(paylen, write(1, p + hdrlen, paylen));
+              goto Finished;
+            }
+          } else {
+            t = kHttpClientStateBody;
+            CHECK_EQ(i - hdrlen, write(1, p + hdrlen, i - hdrlen));
+          }
+        }
+        break;
+      case kHttpClientStateBody:
+        if (!g) goto Finished;
+        CHECK_EQ(g, write(1, p + i - g, g));
+        break;
+      case kHttpClientStateBodyLengthed:
+        CHECK(g);
+        if (i - hdrlen > paylen) g = hdrlen + paylen - (i - g);
+        CHECK_EQ(g, write(1, p + i - g, g));
+        if (i - hdrlen >= paylen) goto Finished;
+        break;
+      case kHttpClientStateBodyChunked:
+      Chunked:
+        CHECK_NE(-1, (rc = Unchunk(&u, p + hdrlen, i - hdrlen, &paylen)));
+        if (rc) {
+          CHECK_EQ(paylen, write(1, p + hdrlen, paylen));
+          goto Finished;
+        }
+        break;
+      default:
+        abort();
+    }
+  }
+
+/*
+ * Close connection.
+ */
+Finished:
+  CHECK_NE(-1, close(sock));
+
+  /*
+   * Free memory.
+   */
+  free(p);
+  free(headers.p);
+  if (usessl) {
+    mbedtls_ssl_free(&ssl);
+    mbedtls_ctr_drbg_free(&drbg);
+    mbedtls_ssl_config_free(&conf);
+    mbedtls_x509_crt_free(cachain);
+    mbedtls_ctr_drbg_free(&drbg);
+  }
+
   return 0;
 }

examples/examples.mk

@@ -45,6 +45,7 @@ EXAMPLES_DIRECTDEPS =						\
 	LIBC_LOG						\
 	LIBC_MEM						\
 	LIBC_NEXGEN32E						\
+	LIBC_NT_IPHLPAPI					\
 	LIBC_NT_KERNEL32					\
 	LIBC_NT_NTDLL						\
 	LIBC_NT_USER32						\
@@ -65,15 +66,19 @@ EXAMPLES_DIRECTDEPS =						\
 	LIBC_X							\
 	LIBC_ZIPOS						\
 	NET_HTTP						\
+	NET_HTTPS						\
 	THIRD_PARTY_COMPILER_RT					\
 	THIRD_PARTY_DLMALLOC					\
+	THIRD_PARTY_QUICKJS					\
 	THIRD_PARTY_GDTOA					\
 	THIRD_PARTY_GETOPT					\
 	THIRD_PARTY_LUA						\
+	THIRD_PARTY_MBEDTLS					\
 	THIRD_PARTY_MUSL					\
 	THIRD_PARTY_STB						\
 	THIRD_PARTY_XED						\
 	THIRD_PARTY_ZLIB					\
+	TOOL_BUILD_LIB						\
 	TOOL_VIZ_LIB
 
 EXAMPLES_DEPS :=						\

examples/fastdiv.c

@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+#if 0
+/*─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╗
+│ To the extent possible under law, Justine Tunney has waived      │
+│ all copyright and related or neighboring rights to this file,    │
+│ as it is written in the following disclaimers:                   │
+│   • http://unlicense.org/                                        │
+│   • http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/            │
+╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#endif
+#include "libc/calls/calls.h"
+#include "libc/macros.internal.h"
+#include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
+#include "libc/sysv/consts/sig.h"
+#include "libc/testlib/ezbench.h"
+
+/**
+ * @fileoverview Fast Division Using Multiplication Tutorial
+ *
+ * Expected program output:
+ *
+ *     23 / 3 = 7
+ *     0x5555555555555556 1 1
+ *     division   l: 16𝑐  5𝑛𝑠
+ *     fast div   l:  5𝑐  2𝑛𝑠
+ *     precomps   l: 70𝑐 23𝑛𝑠
+ */
+
+struct Divisor {
+  uint64_t m;
+  uint8_t s;
+  uint8_t t;
+};
+
+struct Divisor GetDivisor(uint64_t d) {
+  int b;
+  uint128_t x;
+  if (!d) raise(SIGFPE);
+  b = __builtin_clzll(d) ^ 63;
+  x = -d & (((1ull << b) - 1) | (1ull << b));
+  return (struct Divisor){(x << 64) / d + 1, MIN(1, b + 1), MAX(0, b)};
+}
+
+uint64_t Divide(uint64_t x, struct Divisor d) {
+  uint128_t t;
+  uint64_t l, h;
+  t = d.m;
+  t *= x;
+  l = t;
+  h = t >> 64;
+  l = (x - h) >> d.s;
+  return (h + l) >> d.t;
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
+  printf("23 / 3 = %ld\n", Divide(23, GetDivisor(3)));
+  volatile struct Divisor v = GetDivisor(3);
+  volatile uint64_t x = 23, y = 3, z;
+  EZBENCH2("division", donothing, z = x / y);
+  EZBENCH2("fast div", donothing, z = Divide(x, v));
+  EZBENCH2("precomp ", donothing, v = GetDivisor(y));
+  return 0;
+}

examples/fastmod.c

@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+#if 0
+/*─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╗
+│ To the extent possible under law, Justine Tunney has waived      │
+│ all copyright and related or neighboring rights to this file,    │
+│ as it is written in the following disclaimers:                   │
+│   • http://unlicense.org/                                        │
+│   • http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/            │
+╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#endif
+#include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
+#include "libc/testlib/ezbench.h"
+
+/**
+ * @fileoverview Fast Modulus Using Multiplication Tutorial
+ *
+ * Expected program output:
+ *
+ *     23 / 3 = 7
+ *     0x5555555555555556 1 1
+ *     modulus   l: 15𝑐  5𝑛𝑠
+ *     fastmod   l:  4𝑐  1𝑛𝑠
+ *     precomp   l: 18𝑐  6𝑛𝑠
+ */
+
+struct Modulus {
+  uint64_t c;
+  uint64_t d;
+};
+
+struct Modulus GetModulus(uint64_t d) {
+  return (struct Modulus){0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFull / d + 1, d};
+}
+
+uint64_t Modulus(uint64_t x, struct Modulus m) {
+  return ((uint128_t)(m.c * x) * m.d) >> 64;
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
+  printf("%#lx %% %d = %d\n", 0x23, 3, Modulus(23, GetModulus(3)));
+  printf("%#lx %% %d = %d\n", 0x123, 17, Modulus(0x123, GetModulus(17)));
+  volatile struct Modulus v = GetModulus(3);
+  volatile uint64_t x = 23, y = 3, z;
+  EZBENCH2("modulus", donothing, z = x % y);
+  EZBENCH2("fastmod", donothing, z = Modulus(x, v));
+  EZBENCH2("precomp", donothing, v = GetModulus(y));
+  return 0;
+}

examples/getcpucount.c

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+#if 0
+/*─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╗
+│ To the extent possible under law, Justine Tunney has waived      │
+│ all copyright and related or neighboring rights to this file,    │
+│ as it is written in the following disclaimers:                   │
+│   • http://unlicense.org/                                        │
+│   • http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/            │
+╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#endif
+#include "libc/calls/calls.h"
+#include "libc/fmt/itoa.h"
+#include "libc/runtime/sysconf.h"
+#include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
+  int c, n;
+  char a[22];
+  if ((c = GetCpuCount())) {
+    n = int64toarray_radix10(c, a);
+    a[n++] = '\n';
+    return write(1, a, n) == n ? 0 : 1;
+  } else {
+    return 1;
+  }
+}

examples/getrandom.c

@@ -0,0 +1,291 @@
+#if 0
+/*─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╗
+│ To the extent possible under law, Justine Tunney has waived      │
+│ all copyright and related or neighboring rights to this file,    │
+│ as it is written in the following disclaimers:                   │
+│   • http://unlicense.org/                                        │
+│   • http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/            │
+╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#endif
+#include "libc/bits/bits.h"
+#include "libc/calls/calls.h"
+#include "libc/errno.h"
+#include "libc/fmt/conv.h"
+#include "libc/log/check.h"
+#include "libc/log/log.h"
+#include "libc/macros.internal.h"
+#include "libc/nexgen32e/x86feature.h"
+#include "libc/rand/rand.h"
+#include "libc/rand/xorshift.h"
+#include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
+#include "libc/str/str.h"
+#include "libc/sysv/consts/ex.h"
+#include "libc/sysv/consts/exit.h"
+#include "libc/sysv/consts/grnd.h"
+#include "libc/sysv/consts/sig.h"
+#include "libc/testlib/hyperion.h"
+#include "third_party/getopt/getopt.h"
+
+#define B 4096
+
+bool isdone;
+bool isbinary;
+unsigned long count = -1;
+
+uint64_t bcast(uint64_t f(void)) {
+  unsigned i;
+  uint64_t x;
+  for (x = i = 0; i < 8; ++i) {
+    x <<= 8;
+    x |= f() & 255;
+  }
+  return x;
+}
+
+uint64_t randv6(void) {
+  static int16_t gorp;
+  gorp = (gorp + 625) & 077777;
+  return gorp;
+}
+
+uint64_t randv7(void) {
+  static uint32_t randx = 1;
+  return ((randx = randx * 1103515245 + 12345) >> 16) & 077777;
+}
+
+uint64_t zero(void) {
+  return 0;
+}
+
+uint64_t inc(void) {
+  static uint64_t x;
+  return x++;
+}
+
+uint64_t unixv6(void) {
+  return bcast(randv6);
+}
+
+uint64_t unixv7(void) {
+  return bcast(randv7);
+}
+
+uint64_t ape(void) {
+  static int i;
+  if ((i += 8) > _end - _base) i = 8;
+  return READ64LE(_base + i);
+}
+
+uint64_t moby(void) {
+  static int i;
+  if ((i += 8) > kMobySize) i = 8;
+  return READ64LE(kMoby + i);
+}
+
+uint64_t knuth(void) {
+  uint64_t a, b;
+  static uint64_t x = 1;
+  x *= 6364136223846793005;
+  x += 1442695040888963407;
+  a = x >> 32;
+  x *= 6364136223846793005;
+  x += 1442695040888963407;
+  b = x >> 32;
+  return a | b << 32;
+}
+
+uint64_t vigna(void) {
+  static uint64_t x;
+  uint64_t z = (x += 0x9e3779b97f4a7c15);
+  z = (z ^ (z >> 30)) * 0xbf58476d1ce4e5b9;
+  z = (z ^ (z >> 27)) * 0x94d049bb133111eb;
+  return z ^ (z >> 31);
+}
+
+uint64_t rngset64(void) {
+  static unsigned i;
+  static uint64_t s;
+  if (!i) {
+    s = rand64();
+    i = (s + 1) & (511);
+  }
+  return MarsagliaXorshift64(&s);
+}
+
+uint64_t xorshift64(void) {
+  static uint64_t s = kMarsagliaXorshift64Seed;
+  return MarsagliaXorshift64(&s);
+}
+
+uint64_t xorshift32(void) {
+  static uint32_t s = kMarsagliaXorshift32Seed;
+  uint64_t a = MarsagliaXorshift32(&s);
+  uint64_t b = MarsagliaXorshift32(&s);
+  return (uint64_t)a << 32 | b;
+}
+
+uint64_t libc(void) {
+  uint64_t x;
+  CHECK_EQ(8, getrandom(&x, 8, 0));
+  return x;
+}
+
+uint64_t kernel(void) {
+  uint64_t x;
+  CHECK_EQ(8, getrandom(&x, 8, GRND_NORDRND));
+  return x;
+}
+
+uint64_t hardware(void) {
+  uint64_t x;
+  CHECK_EQ(8, getrandom(&x, 8, GRND_NOSYSTEM));
+  return x;
+}
+
+uint64_t rdrnd(void) {
+  char cf;
+  int i = 0;
+  uint64_t x;
+  CHECK(X86_HAVE(RDRND));
+  for (;;) {
+    asm volatile(CFLAG_ASM("rdrand\t%1")
+                 : CFLAG_CONSTRAINT(cf), "=r"(x)
+                 : /* no inputs */
+                 : "cc");
+    if (cf) return x;
+    if (++i < 10) continue;
+    asm volatile("pause");
+    i = 0;
+  }
+}
+
+uint64_t rdseed(void) {
+  char cf;
+  int i = 0;
+  uint64_t x;
+  CHECK(X86_HAVE(RDSEED));
+  for (;;) {
+    asm volatile(CFLAG_ASM("rdseed\t%1")
+                 : CFLAG_CONSTRAINT(cf), "=r"(x)
+                 : /* no inputs */
+                 : "cc");
+    if (cf) return x;
+    if (++i < 10) continue;
+    asm volatile("pause");
+    i = 0;
+  }
+}
+
+const struct Function {
+  const char *s;
+  uint64_t (*f)(void);
+} kFunctions[] = {
+    {"ape", ape},                //
+    {"hardware", hardware},      //
+    {"inc", inc},                //
+    {"kernel", kernel},          //
+    {"knuth", knuth},            //
+    {"libc", libc},              //
+    {"moby", moby},              //
+    {"rand64", rand64},          //
+    {"rdrand", rdrnd},           //
+    {"rdrnd", rdrnd},            //
+    {"rdseed", rdseed},          //
+    {"rngset64", rngset64},      //
+    {"unixv6", unixv6},          //
+    {"unixv7", unixv7},          //
+    {"vigna", vigna},            //
+    {"xorshift32", xorshift32},  //
+    {"xorshift64", xorshift64},  //
+    {"zero", zero},              //
+};
+
+void OnInt(int sig) {
+  isdone = true;
+}
+
+wontreturn void PrintUsage(FILE *f, int rc) {
+  fprintf(f, "Usage: %s [-b] [-n NUM] [FUNC]\n", program_invocation_name);
+  exit(rc);
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
+  char *p;
+  int i, opt;
+  ssize_t rc;
+  uint64_t x;
+  static char buf[B];
+  uint64_t (*f)(void);
+
+  while ((opt = getopt(argc, argv, "hbc:n:")) != -1) {
+    switch (opt) {
+      case 'b':
+        isbinary = true;
+        break;
+      case 'c':
+      case 'n':
+        count = strtoul(optarg, 0, 0);
+        break;
+      case 'h':
+        PrintUsage(stdout, EXIT_SUCCESS);
+      default:
+        PrintUsage(stderr, EX_USAGE);
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (optind == argc) {
+    f = libc;
+  } else {
+    for (f = 0, i = 0; i < ARRAYLEN(kFunctions); ++i) {
+      if (!strcasecmp(argv[optind], kFunctions[i].s)) {
+        f = kFunctions[i].f;
+        break;
+      }
+    }
+    if (!f) {
+      fprintf(stderr, "unknown function: %`'s\n", argv[optind]);
+      fprintf(stderr, "try: ");
+      for (i = 0; i < ARRAYLEN(kFunctions); ++i) {
+        if (i) fprintf(stderr, ", ");
+        fprintf(stderr, "%s", kFunctions[i].s);
+      }
+      fprintf(stderr, "\n");
+      return 1;
+    }
+  }
+
+  signal(SIGINT, OnInt);
+  signal(SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN);
+
+  if (!isbinary) {
+    for (; count && !isdone && !feof(stdout); --count) {
+      printf("0x%016lx\n", f());
+    }
+    fflush(stdout);
+    return ferror(stdout) ? 1 : 0;
+  }
+
+  while (count && !isdone) {
+    if (count >= B) {
+      for (i = 0; i < B / 8; ++i) {
+        x = f();
+        p = buf + i * 8;
+        WRITE64LE(p, x);
+      }
+      for (i = 0; i < B; i += rc) {
+        rc = write(1, buf + i, B - i);
+        if (rc == -1 && errno == EPIPE) exit(1);
+        if (rc == -1) perror("write"), exit(1);
+      }
+    } else {
+      x = f();
+      rc = write(1, &x, MIN(8, count));
+    }
+    if (!rc) break;
+    if (rc == -1 && errno == EPIPE) exit(1);
+    if (rc == -1) perror("write"), exit(1);
+    count -= rc;
+  }
+
+  return 0;
+}

examples/hello3.c

@@ -8,9 +8,10 @@
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
 #endif
 #include "libc/errno.h"
+#include "libc/fmt/fmt.h"
 #include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
 
 int main() {
-  printf("%s \n", "hello world");
+  printf("%`'s\n", "hello\1\2world→→");
   return errno;
 }

examples/hertz.c

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+#if 0
+/*─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╗
+│ To the extent possible under law, Justine Tunney has waived      │
+│ all copyright and related or neighboring rights to this file,    │
+│ as it is written in the following disclaimers:                   │
+│   • http://unlicense.org/                                        │
+│   • http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/            │
+╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#endif
+#include "libc/calls/calls.h"
+#include "libc/calls/struct/itimerval.h"
+#include "libc/errno.h"
+#include "libc/log/check.h"
+#include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
+#include "libc/sysv/consts/itimer.h"
+#include "libc/sysv/consts/sig.h"
+#include "libc/time/time.h"
+#include "libc/x/x.h"
+
+const struct itimerval kHertz = {
+    {1, 0},
+    {0, 1},
+};
+
+bool hertz;
+
+void OnAlrm(void) {
+  hertz = true;
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
+  CHECK_NE(-1, xsigaction(SIGALRM, OnAlrm, 0, 0, 0));
+  CHECK_NE(-1, setitimer(ITIMER_REAL, &kHertz, NULL));
+  for (;;) {
+    CHECK_EQ(-1, pause());
+    CHECK_EQ(EINTR, errno);
+    if (hertz) {
+      hertz = false;
+      printf("ding\n");
+    }
+  }
+  return 0;
+}

examples/img.c

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+#if 0
+/*─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╗
+│ To the extent possible under law, Justine Tunney has waived      │
+│ all copyright and related or neighboring rights to this file,    │
+│ as it is written in the following disclaimers:                   │
+│   • http://unlicense.org/                                        │
+│   • http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/            │
+╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#endif
+#include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
+#include "libc/x/x.h"
+#include "third_party/stb/stb_image.h"
+
+/**
+ * @fileoverview Utility for printing HTML <img> tags.
+ */
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
+  void *p;
+  size_t n;
+  int yn, xn, cn;
+  if (argc != 2) return 1;
+  if (!(p = xslurp(argv[1], &n))) return 2;
+  if (!(p = stbi_load_from_memory(p, n, &xn, &yn, &cn, 0))) return 3;
+  printf("<img src=\"%s\" width=\"%d\" height=\"%d\"\n"
+         "     alt=\"[%s]\">\n",
+         argv[1], (xn + 1) >> 1, (yn + 1) >> 1, argv[1]);
+  return 0;
+}

examples/kilo.c

@@ -267,8 +267,12 @@ int editorReadKey(int64_t fd) {
             if (read(fd, seq + 2, 1) == 0) return CTRL('[');
             if (seq[2] == '~') {
               switch (seq[1]) {
+                case '1':
+                  return HOME_KEY;
                 case '3':
                   return DEL_KEY;
+                case '4':
+                  return END_KEY;
                 case '5':
                   return PAGE_UP;
                 case '6':

examples/nc.c

@@ -0,0 +1,157 @@
+#if 0
+/*─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╗
+│ To the extent possible under law, Justine Tunney has waived      │
+│ all copyright and related or neighboring rights to this file,    │
+│ as it is written in the following disclaimers:                   │
+│   • http://unlicense.org/                                        │
+│   • http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/            │
+╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#endif
+#include "libc/calls/calls.h"
+#include "libc/dns/dns.h"
+#include "libc/fmt/conv.h"
+#include "libc/log/log.h"
+#include "libc/macros.internal.h"
+#include "libc/runtime/runtime.h"
+#include "libc/sock/sock.h"
+#include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
+#include "libc/str/str.h"
+#include "libc/sysv/consts/af.h"
+#include "libc/sysv/consts/ipproto.h"
+#include "libc/sysv/consts/poll.h"
+#include "libc/sysv/consts/shut.h"
+#include "libc/sysv/consts/so.h"
+#include "libc/sysv/consts/sock.h"
+#include "libc/sysv/consts/sol.h"
+#include "third_party/getopt/getopt.h"
+
+/**
+ * @fileoverview netcat clone
+ *
+ * Implemented because BusyBox's netcat doesn't detect remote close and
+ * lingers in the CLOSE_WAIT wait possibly due to file descriptor leaks
+ *
+ * Here's an example usage:
+ *
+ *     make -j8 o//examples/nc.com
+ *     printf 'GET /\r\n\r\n' | o//examples/nc.com justine.lol 80
+ *
+ * Once upon time we called this command "telnet"
+ */
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
+  ssize_t rc;
+  size_t i, got;
+  char buf[1500];
+  bool halfclose = true;
+  const char *host, *port;
+  int opt, err, toto, sock;
+  struct addrinfo *ai = NULL;
+  struct linger linger = {true, 1};
+  struct pollfd fds[2] = {{-1, POLLIN}, {-1, POLLIN}};
+  struct addrinfo hint = {AI_NUMERICSERV, AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP};
+
+  while ((opt = getopt(argc, argv, "hH")) != -1) {
+    switch (opt) {
+      case 'H':
+        halfclose = false;
+        break;
+      case 'h':
+        fputs("Usage: ", stdout);
+        fputs(argv[0], stdout);
+        fputs(" [-hH] IP PORT\n", stdout);
+        exit(0);
+      default:
+        fprintf(stderr, "bad option %d\n", opt);
+        exit(1);
+    }
+  }
+  if (argc - optind != 2) {
+    fputs("missing args\n", stderr);
+    exit(1);
+  }
+  host = argv[optind + 0];
+  port = argv[optind + 1];
+
+  switch ((rc = getaddrinfo(host, port, &hint, &ai))) {
+    case EAI_SUCCESS:
+      break;
+    case EAI_SYSTEM:
+      perror("getaddrinfo");
+      exit(1);
+    default:
+      fputs("EAI_", stderr);
+      fputs(gai_strerror(rc), stderr);
+      fputs("\n", stderr);
+      exit(1);
+  }
+
+  if ((sock = socket(ai->ai_family, ai->ai_socktype, ai->ai_protocol)) == -1) {
+    perror("socket");
+    exit(1);
+  }
+
+  if (setsockopt(sock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_LINGER, &linger, sizeof(linger)) == -1) {
+    perror("setsockopt(SO_LINGER)");
+    exit(1);
+  }
+
+  if (connect(sock, ai->ai_addr, ai->ai_addrlen) == -1) {
+    perror("connect");
+    exit(1);
+  }
+
+  fds[0].fd = 0;
+  fds[1].fd = sock;
+  for (;;) {
+    fds[0].revents = 0;
+    fds[1].revents = 0;
+    if (poll(fds, ARRAYLEN(fds), -1) == -1) {
+      perror("poll");
+      exit(1);
+    }
+
+    if (fds[0].revents & (POLLIN | POLLERR | POLLHUP)) {
+      if ((rc = read(0, buf, 1400)) == -1) {
+        perror("read(stdin)");
+        exit(1);
+      }
+      if (!(got = rc)) {
+        if (halfclose) {
+          shutdown(sock, SHUT_WR);
+        }
+        fds[0].fd = -1;
+      }
+      for (i = 0; i < got; i += rc) {
+        if ((rc = write(sock, buf + i, got - i)) == -1) {
+          perror("write(sock)");
+          exit(1);
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
+    if (fds[1].revents & (POLLIN | POLLERR | POLLHUP)) {
+      if ((rc = read(sock, buf, 1500)) == -1) {
+        perror("read(sock)");
+        exit(1);
+      }
+      if (!(got = rc)) {
+        break;
+      }
+      for (i = 0; i < got; i += rc) {
+        if ((rc = write(1, buf + i, got - i)) == -1) {
+          perror("write(stdout)");
+          exit(1);
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (close(sock) == -1) {
+    perror("close");
+    exit(1);
+  }
+
+  freeaddrinfo(ai);
+  return 0;
+}

examples/panels.c

@@ -0,0 +1,175 @@
+#if 0
+/*─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╗
+│ To the extent possible under law, Justine Tunney has waived      │
+│ all copyright and related or neighboring rights to this file,    │
+│ as it is written in the following disclaimers:                   │
+│   • http://unlicense.org/                                        │
+│   • http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/            │
+╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#endif
+#include "libc/calls/calls.h"
+#include "libc/calls/ioctl.h"
+#include "libc/calls/struct/sigaction.h"
+#include "libc/calls/struct/termios.h"
+#include "libc/calls/struct/winsize.h"
+#include "libc/log/check.h"
+#include "libc/log/gdb.h"
+#include "libc/log/log.h"
+#include "libc/macros.internal.h"
+#include "libc/runtime/gc.internal.h"
+#include "libc/runtime/runtime.h"
+#include "libc/str/str.h"
+#include "libc/sysv/consts/sa.h"
+#include "libc/sysv/consts/sig.h"
+#include "libc/sysv/consts/termios.h"
+#include "libc/x/x.h"
+#include "tool/build/lib/panel.h"
+
+/**
+ * @fileoverview Cosmopolitan Paneling Demo.
+ *
+ * This is useful for creating terminal user interfaces. We take the
+ * simplest approach possible. The main thing we abstract is like,
+ * truncating the lines that overflow within a panel. In order to do
+ * that, we abstract the ANSI parsing and the implementation is able to
+ * tell how many cells wide each UNICODE character is.
+ *
+ * There are smarter ways for Cosmopolitan to do this. For example, it'd
+ * be great to have automatic flex boxes. It'd also be nice to be able
+ * to use dynamic programming for low bandwidth display updates, like
+ * Emacs does, but that's less of an issue these days and can actually
+ * make things slower, since for heavy workloads like printing videos,
+ * having ANSI codes bouncing around the display actually goes slower.
+ *
+ * Beyond basic paneling, a message box widget is also provided, which
+ * makes it easier to do modal dialogs.
+ */
+
+struct Panels {
+  union {
+    struct {
+      struct Panel left;
+      struct Panel right;
+    };
+    struct Panel p[2];
+  };
+} pan;
+
+long tyn;
+long txn;
+char key[8];
+bool shutdown;
+bool invalidated;
+struct termios oldterm;
+
+void OnShutdown(int sig) {
+  shutdown = true;
+}
+
+void OnInvalidate(int sig) {
+  invalidated = true;
+}
+
+void GetTtySize(void) {
+  struct winsize wsize;
+  wsize.ws_row = tyn;
+  wsize.ws_col = txn;
+  getttysize(1, &wsize);
+  tyn = wsize.ws_row;
+  txn = wsize.ws_col;
+}
+
+int Write(const char *s) {
+  return write(1, s, strlen(s));
+}
+
+void Setup(void) {
+  CHECK_NE(-1, ioctl(1, TCGETS, &oldterm));
+}
+
+void Enter(void) {
+  struct termios term;
+  memcpy(&term, &oldterm, sizeof(term));
+  term.c_cc[VMIN] = 1;
+  term.c_cc[VTIME] = 1;
+  term.c_iflag &= ~(INPCK | ISTRIP | PARMRK | INLCR | IGNCR | ICRNL | IXON);
+  term.c_lflag &= ~(IEXTEN | ICANON | ECHO | ECHONL);
+  term.c_cflag &= ~(CSIZE | PARENB);
+  term.c_cflag |= CS8;
+  term.c_iflag |= IUTF8;
+  CHECK_NE(-1, ioctl(1, TCSETS, &term));
+  Write("\e[?25l");
+}
+
+void Leave(void) {
+  Write(gc(xasprintf("\e[?25h\e[%d;%dH\e[S\r\n", tyn, txn)));
+  ioctl(1, TCSETS, &oldterm);
+}
+
+void Clear(void) {
+  long i, j;
+  for (i = 0; i < ARRAYLEN(pan.p); ++i) {
+    for (j = 0; j < pan.p[i].n; ++j) {
+      free(pan.p[i].lines[j].p);
+    }
+    free(pan.p[i].lines);
+    pan.p[i].lines = 0;
+    pan.p[i].n = 0;
+  }
+}
+
+void Layout(void) {
+  long i, j;
+  i = txn >> 1;
+  pan.left.top = 0;
+  pan.left.left = 0;
+  pan.left.bottom = tyn;
+  pan.left.right = i;
+  pan.right.top = 0;
+  pan.right.left = i + 1;
+  pan.right.bottom = tyn;
+  pan.right.right = txn;
+  pan.left.n = pan.left.bottom - pan.left.top;
+  pan.left.lines = xcalloc(pan.left.n, sizeof(*pan.left.lines));
+  pan.right.n = pan.right.bottom - pan.right.top;
+  pan.right.lines = xcalloc(pan.right.n, sizeof(*pan.right.lines));
+}
+
+void Append(struct Panel *p, int i, const char *s) {
+  if (i >= p->n) return;
+  AppendStr(p->lines + i, s);
+}
+
+void Draw(void) {
+  Append(&pan.left, 0, gc(xasprintf("you typed %`'s", key)));
+  Append(&pan.left, ((tyn + 1) >> 1) + 0, "hello left 1 𐌰𐌱𐌲𐌳𐌴𐌵𐌶𐌷");
+  Append(&pan.left, ((tyn + 1) >> 1) + 1, "hello left 2 (╯°□°)╯");
+  Append(&pan.right, ((tyn + 1) >> 1) + 0, "hello right 1");
+  Append(&pan.right, ((tyn + 1) >> 1) + 1, "hello right 2");
+  PrintPanels(1, ARRAYLEN(pan.p), pan.p, tyn, txn);
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
+  struct sigaction sa[2] = {{.sa_handler = OnShutdown},
+                            {.sa_handler = OnInvalidate}};
+  showcrashreports();
+  Setup();
+  Enter();
+  GetTtySize();
+  sigaction(SIGINT, &sa[0], 0);
+  sigaction(SIGCONT, &sa[1], 0);
+  sigaction(SIGWINCH, &sa[1], 0);
+  atexit(Leave);
+  do {
+    Clear();
+    Layout();
+    Draw();
+    if (invalidated) {
+      Enter();
+      GetTtySize();
+      invalidated = false;
+    } else {
+      readansi(0, key, sizeof(key));
+    }
+  } while (!shutdown);
+}

examples/rusage.c

@@ -8,58 +8,117 @@
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
 #endif
 #include "libc/calls/calls.h"
+#include "libc/calls/sigbits.h"
 #include "libc/calls/struct/rusage.h"
+#include "libc/errno.h"
 #include "libc/log/check.h"
 #include "libc/log/log.h"
 #include "libc/math.h"
+#include "libc/runtime/clktck.h"
 #include "libc/runtime/runtime.h"
 #include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
 #include "libc/str/str.h"
 #include "libc/sysv/consts/fileno.h"
+#include "libc/sysv/consts/sig.h"
 #include "libc/time/time.h"
 
-void Show(const char *name, long measurement, const char *unit) {
-  fprintf(stderr, "%-*s%,*d %s\n", 32, name, 32, measurement, unit);
+#define PREFIX "\e[1mRL\e[0m: "
+
+static void PrintResourceReport(struct rusage *ru) {
+  long utime, stime;
+  long double ticks;
+  if (ru->ru_maxrss) {
+    fprintf(stderr, "%sballooned to %,ldkb in size\n", PREFIX, ru->ru_maxrss);
+  }
+  if ((utime = ru->ru_utime.tv_sec * 1000000 + ru->ru_utime.tv_usec) |
+      (stime = ru->ru_stime.tv_sec * 1000000 + ru->ru_stime.tv_usec)) {
+    ticks = ceill((long double)(utime + stime) / (1000000.L / CLK_TCK));
+    fprintf(stderr, "%sneeded %,ldµs cpu (%d%% kernel)\n", PREFIX,
+            utime + stime, (int)((long double)stime / (utime + stime) * 100));
+    if (ru->ru_idrss) {
+      fprintf(stderr, "%sneeded %,ldkb memory on average\n", PREFIX,
+              lroundl(ru->ru_idrss / ticks));
+    }
+    if (ru->ru_isrss) {
+      fprintf(stderr, "%sneeded %,ldkb stack on average\n", PREFIX,
+              lroundl(ru->ru_isrss / ticks));
+    }
+    if (ru->ru_ixrss) {
+      fprintf(stderr, "%smapped %,ldkb shared on average\n", PREFIX,
+              lroundl(ru->ru_ixrss / ticks));
+    }
+  }
+  if (ru->ru_minflt || ru->ru_majflt) {
+    fprintf(stderr, "%scaused %,ld page faults (%d%% memcpy)\n", PREFIX,
+            ru->ru_minflt + ru->ru_majflt,
+            (int)((long double)ru->ru_minflt / (ru->ru_minflt + ru->ru_majflt) *
+                  100));
+  }
+  if (ru->ru_nvcsw + ru->ru_nivcsw > 1) {
+    fprintf(stderr, "%s%,ld context switches (%d%% consensual)\n", PREFIX,
+            ru->ru_nvcsw + ru->ru_nivcsw,
+            (int)((long double)ru->ru_nvcsw / (ru->ru_nvcsw + ru->ru_nivcsw) *
+                  100));
+  }
+  if (ru->ru_msgrcv || ru->ru_msgsnd) {
+    fprintf(stderr, "%sreceived %,ld message%s and sent %,ld\n", PREFIX,
+            ru->ru_msgrcv, ru->ru_msgrcv == 1 ? "" : "s", ru->ru_msgsnd);
+  }
+  if (ru->ru_inblock || ru->ru_oublock) {
+    fprintf(stderr, "%sperformed %,ld read%s and %,ld write i/o operations\n",
+            PREFIX, ru->ru_inblock, ru->ru_inblock == 1 ? "" : "s",
+            ru->ru_oublock);
+  }
+  if (ru->ru_nsignals) {
+    fprintf(stderr, "%sreceived %,ld signals\n", PREFIX, ru->ru_nsignals);
+  }
+  if (ru->ru_nswap) {
+    fprintf(stderr, "%sgot swapped %,ld times\n", PREFIX, ru->ru_nswap);
+  }
 }
 
-long TvToNs(struct timeval tv) {
-  return tv.tv_sec * 1000000000 + tv.tv_usec * 1000;
-}
+struct rusage rusage;
 
 int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
   int pid, wstatus;
   long double ts1, ts2;
-  struct rusage rusage;
+  sigset_t chldmask, savemask;
+  struct sigaction dflt, ignore, saveint, savequit;
   if (argc < 2) {
     fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s PROG [ARGS...]\n", argv[0]);
     return 1;
   }
-  memset(&rusage, -1, sizeof(rusage));
-  CHECK_GT(argc, 1);
+  dflt.sa_flags = 0;
+  dflt.sa_handler = SIG_DFL;
+  sigemptyset(&dflt.sa_mask);
+  ignore.sa_flags = 0;
+  ignore.sa_handler = SIG_IGN;
+  sigemptyset(&ignore.sa_mask);
+  sigaction(SIGINT, &ignore, &saveint);
+  sigaction(SIGQUIT, &ignore, &savequit);
+  sigemptyset(&chldmask);
+  sigaddset(&chldmask, SIGCHLD);
+  sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, &chldmask, &savemask);
   ts1 = nowl();
-  if (!(pid = vfork())) {
+  CHECK_NE(-1, (pid = vfork()));
+  if (!pid) {
+    sigaction(SIGINT, &dflt, 0);
+    sigaction(SIGQUIT, &dflt, 0);
+    sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &savemask, 0);
     execvp(argv[1], argv + 1);
-    abort();
+    fprintf(stderr, "exec failed %d\n", errno);
+    _Exit(127);
+  }
+  while (wait4(pid, &wstatus, 0, &rusage) == -1) {
+    CHECK_EQ(EINTR, errno);
   }
-  CHECK_NE(-1, wait4(pid, &wstatus, 0, &rusage));
   ts2 = nowl();
-  Show("wall time", lroundl((ts2 - ts1) * 1e9l), "ns");
-  Show("user time", TvToNs(rusage.ru_utime), "ns");
-  Show("sys time", TvToNs(rusage.ru_stime), "ns");
-  Show("maximum resident set size", rusage.ru_maxrss, "");
-  Show("integral shared memory size", rusage.ru_ixrss, "");
-  Show("integral unshared data size", rusage.ru_idrss, "");
-  Show("integral unshared stack size", rusage.ru_isrss, "");
-  Show("minor page faults", rusage.ru_minflt, "");
-  Show("major page faults", rusage.ru_majflt, "");
-  Show("swaps", rusage.ru_nswap, "");
-  Show("block input ops", rusage.ru_inblock, "");
-  Show("block output ops", rusage.ru_oublock, "");
-  Show("ipc messages sent", rusage.ru_msgsnd, "");
-  Show("ipc messages received", rusage.ru_msgrcv, "");
-  Show("signals received", rusage.ru_nsignals, "");
-  Show("voluntary context switches", rusage.ru_nvcsw, "");
-  Show("involuntary context switches", rusage.ru_nivcsw, "");
+  sigaction(SIGINT, &saveint, 0);
+  sigaction(SIGQUIT, &savequit, 0);
+  sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &savemask, 0);
+  fprintf(stderr, "%stook %,ldµs wall time\n", PREFIX,
+          (int64_t)((ts2 - ts1) * 1e6));
+  PrintResourceReport(&rusage);
   if (WIFEXITED(wstatus)) {
     return WEXITSTATUS(wstatus);
   } else {

examples/stringbuffer.c

@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+#if 0
+/*─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╗
+│ To the extent possible under law, Justine Tunney has waived      │
+│ all copyright and related or neighboring rights to this file,    │
+│ as it is written in the following disclaimers:                   │
+│   • http://unlicense.org/                                        │
+│   • http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/            │
+╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#endif
+#include "libc/calls/calls.h"
+#include "libc/fmt/fmt.h"
+#include "libc/log/check.h"
+#include "libc/stdio/append.internal.h"
+
+/**
+ * @fileoverview Fast Growable Strings Tutorial
+ */
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
+  char *b = 0;
+  appendf(&b, "hello ");  // guarantees nul terminator
+  CHECK_EQ(6, strlen(b));
+  CHECK_EQ(6, appendz(b).i);
+  appendf(&b, " world\n");
+  CHECK_EQ(13, strlen(b));
+  CHECK_EQ(13, appendz(b).i);
+  appendd(&b, "\0", 1);  // supports binary
+  CHECK_EQ(13, strlen(b));
+  CHECK_EQ(14, appendz(b).i);
+  appendf(&b, "%d arg%s\n", argc, argc == 1 ? "" : "s");
+  appendf(&b, "%s\n", "have a nice day");
+  write(1, b, appendz(b).i);
+  free(b);
+  return 0;
+}

examples/walk.c

@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+#if 0
+/*─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╗
+│ To the extent possible under law, Justine Tunney has waived      │
+│ all copyright and related or neighboring rights to this file,    │
+│ as it is written in the following disclaimers:                   │
+│   • http://unlicense.org/                                        │
+│   • http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/            │
+╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#endif
+#include "libc/calls/calls.h"
+#include "libc/calls/struct/stat.h"
+#include "libc/errno.h"
+#include "libc/runtime/gc.h"
+#include "libc/runtime/runtime.h"
+#include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
+#include "libc/str/str.h"
+#include "libc/sysv/consts/exit.h"
+#include "libc/x/x.h"
+#include "third_party/musl/ftw.h"
+
+/**
+ * @fileoverview Directory walker example.
+ * Copied from IEEE Std 1003.1-2017
+ */
+
+static int display_info(const char *fpath, const struct stat *sb, int tflag,
+                        struct FTW *ftwbuf) {
+  printf("%-3s %2d %7jd   %-40s %d %s\n",
+         (tflag == FTW_D)     ? "d"
+         : (tflag == FTW_DNR) ? "dnr"
+         : (tflag == FTW_DP)  ? "dp"
+         : (tflag == FTW_F)   ? (S_ISBLK(sb->st_mode)    ? "f b"
+                                 : S_ISCHR(sb->st_mode)  ? "f c"
+                                 : S_ISFIFO(sb->st_mode) ? "f p"
+                                 : S_ISREG(sb->st_mode)  ? "f r"
+                                 : S_ISSOCK(sb->st_mode) ? "f s"
+                                                         : "f ?")
+         : (tflag == FTW_NS)  ? "ns"
+         : (tflag == FTW_SL)  ? "sl"
+         : (tflag == FTW_SLN) ? "sln"
+                              : "?",
+         ftwbuf->level, (intmax_t)sb->st_size, fpath, ftwbuf->base,
+         fpath + ftwbuf->base);
+  return 0; /* To tell nftw() to continue */
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
+  int flags = 0;
+  const char *dir;
+  if (argc > 2 && strchr(argv[2], 'd') != NULL) flags |= FTW_DEPTH;
+  if (argc > 2 && strchr(argv[2], 'p') != NULL) flags |= FTW_PHYS;
+  dir = argc < 2 ? "." : argv[1];
+  if (nftw(dir, display_info, 20, flags) == -1) {
+    fprintf(stderr, "nftw() failed: %s: %s\n", strerror(errno), dir);
+    exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+  }
+  exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
+}

libc/alg/bisect.internal.h

@@ -6,19 +6,23 @@ COSMOPOLITAN_C_START_
 forceinline void *bisect(const void *k, const void *data, size_t n, size_t size,
                          int cmp(const void *a, const void *b, void *arg),
                          void *arg) {
-  int dir;
-  const char *p, *pos;
-  p = data;
-  while (n > 0) {
-    pos = p + size * (n / 2);
-    dir = cmp(k, pos, arg);
-    if (dir < 0) {
-      n /= 2;
-    } else if (dir > 0) {
-      p = pos + size;
-      n -= n / 2 + 1;
-    } else {
-      return (void *)pos;
+  int c;
+  const char *p;
+  ssize_t m, l, r;
+  if (n) {
+    l = 0;
+    r = n - 1;
+    p = data;
+    while (l <= r) {
+      m = (l + r) >> 1;
+      c = cmp(k, p + m * size, arg);
+      if (c > 0) {
+        l = m + 1;
+      } else if (c < 0) {
+        r = m - 1;
+      } else {
+        return p + m * size;
+      }
     }
   }
   return NULL;

libc/assert.h

@@ -6,19 +6,12 @@ COSMOPOLITAN_C_START_
 void __assert_fail(const char *, const char *, int) hidden wontreturn relegated;
 
 #ifdef NDEBUG
-#define __ASSERT_FAIL(EXPR, FILE, LINE)
+#define assert(EXPR) ((void)0)
 #else
-#define __ASSERT_FAIL(EXPR, FILE, LINE) __assert_fail(EXPR, FILE, LINE)
+#define assert(EXPR) \
+  ((void)((EXPR) || (__assert_fail(#EXPR, __FILE__, __LINE__), 0)))
 #endif
 
-#define assert(EXPR)                            \
-  do {                                          \
-    if (!(EXPR)) {                              \
-      __ASSERT_FAIL(#EXPR, __FILE__, __LINE__); \
-      unreachable;                              \
-    }                                           \
-  } while (0)
-
 #define static_assert _Static_assert
 
 COSMOPOLITAN_C_END_

libc/bits/bitreverse16.c

@@ -21,6 +21,6 @@
 /**
  * Reverses bits in 16-bit word.
  */
-uint16_t(bitreverse16)(uint16_t x) {
-  return kReverseBits[x & 0x00FF] << 8 | kReverseBits[(x & 0xFF00) >> 8];
+int bitreverse16(int x) {
+  return BITREVERSE16(x);
 }

libc/bits/bitreverse32.c

@@ -22,10 +22,10 @@
 /**
  * Reverses bits in 32-bit word.
  */
-uint32_t(bitreverse32)(uint32_t x) {
+uint32_t bitreverse32(uint32_t x) {
   x = bswap_32(x);
-  x = ((x & 0xaaaaaaaa) >> 1) | ((x & 0x55555555) << 1);
-  x = ((x & 0xcccccccc) >> 2) | ((x & 0x33333333) << 2);
-  x = ((x & 0xf0f0f0f0) >> 4) | ((x & 0x0f0f0f0f) << 4);
+  x = (x & 0xaaaaaaaa) >> 1 | (x & 0x55555555) << 1;
+  x = (x & 0xcccccccc) >> 2 | (x & 0x33333333) << 2;
+  x = (x & 0xf0f0f0f0) >> 4 | (x & 0x0f0f0f0f) << 4;
   return x;
 }

libc/bits/bitreverse64.c

@@ -24,8 +24,8 @@
  */
 uint64_t bitreverse64(uint64_t x) {
   x = bswap_64(x);
-  x = ((x & 0xaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa) >> 1) | ((x & 0x5555555555555555) << 1);
-  x = ((x & 0xcccccccccccccccc) >> 2) | ((x & 0x3333333333333333) << 2);
-  x = ((x & 0xf0f0f0f0f0f0f0f0) >> 4) | ((x & 0x0f0f0f0f0f0f0f0f) << 4);
+  x = (x & 0xaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa) >> 1 | (x & 0x5555555555555555) << 1;
+  x = (x & 0xcccccccccccccccc) >> 2 | (x & 0x3333333333333333) << 2;
+  x = (x & 0xf0f0f0f0f0f0f0f0) >> 4 | (x & 0x0f0f0f0f0f0f0f0f) << 4;
   return x;
 }

libc/bits/bitreverse8.c

@@ -21,6 +21,6 @@
 /**
  * Reverses bits in 8-bit word.
  */
-uint8_t(bitreverse8)(uint8_t x) {
-  return kReverseBits[x];
+int bitreverse8(int x) {
+  return BITREVERSE8(x);
 }

libc/bits/bits.h

@@ -13,8 +13,8 @@ extern const uint8_t kReverseBits[256];
 
 uint32_t gray(uint32_t) pureconst;
 uint32_t ungray(uint32_t) pureconst;
-uint8_t bitreverse8(uint8_t) libcesque pureconst;
-uint16_t bitreverse16(uint16_t) libcesque pureconst;
+int bitreverse8(int) libcesque pureconst;
+int bitreverse16(int) libcesque pureconst;
 uint32_t bitreverse32(uint32_t) libcesque pureconst;
 uint64_t bitreverse64(uint64_t) libcesque pureconst;
 unsigned long roundup2pow(unsigned long) libcesque pureconst;
@@ -31,106 +31,104 @@ intptr_t atomic_store(void *, intptr_t, size_t);
 │ cosmopolitan § bits » no assembly required                               ─╬─│┼
 ╚────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────│*/
 
-#define bitreverse8(X) (kReverseBits[(uint8_t)(X)])
-#define bitreverse16(X)                          \
-  ((uint16_t)kReverseBits[(uint8_t)(X)] << 010 | \
-   kReverseBits[((uint16_t)(X) >> 010) & 0xff])
+#define BITREVERSE8(X) (kReverseBits[255 & (X)])
+#define BITREVERSE16(X) \
+  (kReverseBits[0x00FF & (X)] << 8 | kReverseBits[(0xFF00 & (X)) >> 8])
 
-#define READ16LE(S)                             \
-  ((uint16_t)((unsigned char *)(S))[1] << 010 | \
-   (uint16_t)((unsigned char *)(S))[0] << 000)
-#define READ32LE(S)                             \
-  ((uint32_t)((unsigned char *)(S))[3] << 030 | \
-   (uint32_t)((unsigned char *)(S))[2] << 020 | \
-   (uint32_t)((unsigned char *)(S))[1] << 010 | \
-   (uint32_t)((unsigned char *)(S))[0] << 000)
-#define READ64LE(S)                             \
-  ((uint64_t)((unsigned char *)(S))[7] << 070 | \
-   (uint64_t)((unsigned char *)(S))[6] << 060 | \
-   (uint64_t)((unsigned char *)(S))[5] << 050 | \
-   (uint64_t)((unsigned char *)(S))[4] << 040 | \
-   (uint64_t)((unsigned char *)(S))[3] << 030 | \
-   (uint64_t)((unsigned char *)(S))[2] << 020 | \
-   (uint64_t)((unsigned char *)(S))[1] << 010 | \
-   (uint64_t)((unsigned char *)(S))[0] << 000)
+#ifdef __STRICT_ANSI__
+#define READ16LE(S) ((255 & (S)[1]) << 8 | (255 & (S)[0]))
+#define READ16BE(S) ((255 & (S)[0]) << 8 | (255 & (S)[1]))
+#define READ32LE(S)                                                    \
+  ((uint32_t)(255 & (S)[3]) << 030 | (uint32_t)(255 & (S)[2]) << 020 | \
+   (uint32_t)(255 & (S)[1]) << 010 | (uint32_t)(255 & (S)[0]) << 000)
+#define READ32BE(S)                                                    \
+  ((uint32_t)(255 & (S)[0]) << 030 | (uint32_t)(255 & (S)[1]) << 020 | \
+   (uint32_t)(255 & (S)[2]) << 010 | (uint32_t)(255 & (S)[3]) << 000)
+#define READ64LE(S)                                                    \
+  ((uint64_t)(255 & (S)[7]) << 070 | (uint64_t)(255 & (S)[6]) << 060 | \
+   (uint64_t)(255 & (S)[5]) << 050 | (uint64_t)(255 & (S)[4]) << 040 | \
+   (uint64_t)(255 & (S)[3]) << 030 | (uint64_t)(255 & (S)[2]) << 020 | \
+   (uint64_t)(255 & (S)[1]) << 010 | (uint64_t)(255 & (S)[0]) << 000)
+#define READ64BE(S)                                                    \
+  ((uint64_t)(255 & (S)[0]) << 070 | (uint64_t)(255 & (S)[1]) << 060 | \
+   (uint64_t)(255 & (S)[2]) << 050 | (uint64_t)(255 & (S)[3]) << 040 | \
+   (uint64_t)(255 & (S)[4]) << 030 | (uint64_t)(255 & (S)[5]) << 020 | \
+   (uint64_t)(255 & (S)[6]) << 010 | (uint64_t)(255 & (S)[7]) << 000)
+#else /* gcc needs help knowing above are mov if s isn't a variable */
+#define READ16LE(S)                            \
+  ({                                           \
+    const uint8_t *Ptr = (const uint8_t *)(S); \
+    Ptr[1] << 8 | Ptr[0];                      \
+  })
+#define READ16BE(S)                            \
+  ({                                           \
+    const uint8_t *Ptr = (const uint8_t *)(S); \
+    Ptr[0] << 8 | Ptr[1];                      \
+  })
+#define READ32LE(S)                                      \
+  ({                                                     \
+    const uint8_t *Ptr = (const uint8_t *)(S);           \
+    ((uint32_t)Ptr[3] << 030 | (uint32_t)Ptr[2] << 020 | \
+     (uint32_t)Ptr[1] << 010 | (uint32_t)Ptr[0] << 000); \
+  })
+#define READ32BE(S)                                      \
+  ({                                                     \
+    const uint8_t *Ptr = (const uint8_t *)(S);           \
+    ((uint32_t)Ptr[0] << 030 | (uint32_t)Ptr[1] << 020 | \
+     (uint32_t)Ptr[2] << 010 | (uint32_t)Ptr[3] << 000); \
+  })
+#define READ64LE(S)                                      \
+  ({                                                     \
+    const uint8_t *Ptr = (const uint8_t *)(S);           \
+    ((uint64_t)Ptr[7] << 070 | (uint64_t)Ptr[6] << 060 | \
+     (uint64_t)Ptr[5] << 050 | (uint64_t)Ptr[4] << 040 | \
+     (uint64_t)Ptr[3] << 030 | (uint64_t)Ptr[2] << 020 | \
+     (uint64_t)Ptr[1] << 010 | (uint64_t)Ptr[0] << 000); \
+  })
+#define READ64BE(S)                                      \
+  ({                                                     \
+    const uint8_t *Ptr = (const uint8_t *)(S);           \
+    ((uint64_t)Ptr[0] << 070 | (uint64_t)Ptr[1] << 060 | \
+     (uint64_t)Ptr[2] << 050 | (uint64_t)Ptr[3] << 040 | \
+     (uint64_t)Ptr[4] << 030 | (uint64_t)Ptr[5] << 020 | \
+     (uint64_t)Ptr[6] << 010 | (uint64_t)Ptr[7] << 000); \
+  })
+#endif
 
-#define READ16BE(S)                             \
-  ((uint16_t)((unsigned char *)(S))[0] << 010 | \
-   (uint16_t)((unsigned char *)(S))[1] << 000)
-#define READ32BE(S)                             \
-  ((uint32_t)((unsigned char *)(S))[0] << 030 | \
-   (uint32_t)((unsigned char *)(S))[1] << 020 | \
-   (uint32_t)((unsigned char *)(S))[2] << 010 | \
-   (uint32_t)((unsigned char *)(S))[3] << 000)
-#define READ64BE(S)                             \
-  ((uint64_t)((unsigned char *)(S))[0] << 070 | \
-   (uint64_t)((unsigned char *)(S))[1] << 060 | \
-   (uint64_t)((unsigned char *)(S))[2] << 050 | \
-   (uint64_t)((unsigned char *)(S))[3] << 040 | \
-   (uint64_t)((unsigned char *)(S))[4] << 030 | \
-   (uint64_t)((unsigned char *)(S))[5] << 020 | \
-   (uint64_t)((unsigned char *)(S))[6] << 010 | \
-   (uint64_t)((unsigned char *)(S))[7] << 000)
-
-#define WRITE16LE(P, V)             \
-  do {                              \
-    uint8_t *Ple = (uint8_t *)(P);  \
-    uint16_t Vle = (V);             \
-    Ple[0] = (uint8_t)(Vle >> 000); \
-    Ple[1] = (uint8_t)(Vle >> 010); \
-  } while (0)
-#define WRITE32LE(P, V)             \
-  do {                              \
-    uint8_t *Ple = (uint8_t *)(P);  \
-    uint32_t Vle = (V);             \
-    Ple[0] = (uint8_t)(Vle >> 000); \
-    Ple[1] = (uint8_t)(Vle >> 010); \
-    Ple[2] = (uint8_t)(Vle >> 020); \
-    Ple[3] = (uint8_t)(Vle >> 030); \
-  } while (0)
-#define WRITE64LE(P, V)             \
-  do {                              \
-    uint8_t *Ple = (uint8_t *)(P);  \
-    uint64_t Vle = (V);             \
-    Ple[0] = (uint8_t)(Vle >> 000); \
-    Ple[1] = (uint8_t)(Vle >> 010); \
-    Ple[2] = (uint8_t)(Vle >> 020); \
-    Ple[3] = (uint8_t)(Vle >> 030); \
-    Ple[4] = (uint8_t)(Vle >> 040); \
-    Ple[5] = (uint8_t)(Vle >> 050); \
-    Ple[6] = (uint8_t)(Vle >> 060); \
-    Ple[7] = (uint8_t)(Vle >> 070); \
-  } while (0)
-
-#define WRITE16BE(P, V)             \
-  do {                              \
-    uint8_t *Ple = (uint8_t *)(P);  \
-    uint16_t Vle = (V);             \
-    Ple[1] = (uint8_t)(Vle >> 000); \
-    Ple[0] = (uint8_t)(Vle >> 010); \
-  } while (0)
-#define WRITE32BE(P, V)             \
-  do {                              \
-    uint8_t *Ple = (uint8_t *)(P);  \
-    uint32_t Vle = (V);             \
-    Ple[3] = (uint8_t)(Vle >> 000); \
-    Ple[2] = (uint8_t)(Vle >> 010); \
-    Ple[1] = (uint8_t)(Vle >> 020); \
-    Ple[0] = (uint8_t)(Vle >> 030); \
-  } while (0)
-#define WRITE64BE(P, V)             \
-  do {                              \
-    uint8_t *Ple = (uint8_t *)(P);  \
-    uint64_t Vle = (V);             \
-    Ple[7] = (uint8_t)(Vle >> 000); \
-    Ple[6] = (uint8_t)(Vle >> 010); \
-    Ple[5] = (uint8_t)(Vle >> 020); \
-    Ple[4] = (uint8_t)(Vle >> 030); \
-    Ple[3] = (uint8_t)(Vle >> 040); \
-    Ple[2] = (uint8_t)(Vle >> 050); \
-    Ple[1] = (uint8_t)(Vle >> 060); \
-    Ple[0] = (uint8_t)(Vle >> 070); \
-  } while (0)
+#define WRITE16LE(P, V)                        \
+  ((P)[0] = (0x00000000000000FF & (V)) >> 000, \
+   (P)[1] = (0x000000000000FF00 & (V)) >> 010, (P) + 2)
+#define WRITE16BE(P, V)                        \
+  ((P)[0] = (0x000000000000FF00 & (V)) >> 010, \
+   (P)[1] = (0x00000000000000FF & (V)) >> 000, (P) + 2)
+#define WRITE32LE(P, V)                        \
+  ((P)[0] = (0x00000000000000FF & (V)) >> 000, \
+   (P)[1] = (0x000000000000FF00 & (V)) >> 010, \
+   (P)[2] = (0x0000000000FF0000 & (V)) >> 020, \
+   (P)[3] = (0x00000000FF000000 & (V)) >> 030, (P) + 4)
+#define WRITE32BE(P, V)                        \
+  ((P)[0] = (0x00000000FF000000 & (V)) >> 030, \
+   (P)[1] = (0x0000000000FF0000 & (V)) >> 020, \
+   (P)[2] = (0x000000000000FF00 & (V)) >> 010, \
+   (P)[3] = (0x00000000000000FF & (V)) >> 000, (P) + 4)
+#define WRITE64LE(P, V)                        \
+  ((P)[0] = (0x00000000000000FF & (V)) >> 000, \
+   (P)[1] = (0x000000000000FF00 & (V)) >> 010, \
+   (P)[2] = (0x0000000000FF0000 & (V)) >> 020, \
+   (P)[3] = (0x00000000FF000000 & (V)) >> 030, \
+   (P)[4] = (0x000000FF00000000 & (V)) >> 040, \
+   (P)[5] = (0x0000FF0000000000 & (V)) >> 050, \
+   (P)[6] = (0x00FF000000000000 & (V)) >> 060, \
+   (P)[7] = (0xFF00000000000000 & (V)) >> 070, (P) + 8)
+#define WRITE64BE(P, V)                        \
+  ((P)[0] = (0xFF00000000000000 & (V)) >> 070, \
+   (P)[1] = (0x00FF000000000000 & (V)) >> 060, \
+   (P)[2] = (0x0000FF0000000000 & (V)) >> 050, \
+   (P)[3] = (0x000000FF00000000 & (V)) >> 040, \
+   (P)[4] = (0x00000000FF000000 & (V)) >> 030, \
+   (P)[5] = (0x0000000000FF0000 & (V)) >> 020, \
+   (P)[6] = (0x000000000000FF00 & (V)) >> 010, \
+   (P)[7] = (0x00000000000000FF & (V)) >> 000, (P) + 8)
 
 /*───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────│─╗
 │ cosmopolitan § bits » some assembly required                             ─╬─│┼

libc/bits/newbie.h

@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+#ifndef COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_BITS_NEWBIE_H_
+#define COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_BITS_NEWBIE_H_
+#include "libc/bits/bswap.h"
+
+/*
+ * Macros for newbies.
+ * https://justine.lol/endian.html
+ */
+
+#define BYTE_ORDER    __BYTE_ORDER__
+#define LITTLE_ENDIAN __ORDER_LITTLE_ENDIAN__
+#define BIG_ENDIAN    __ORDER_BIG_ENDIAN__
+#define PDP_ENDIAN    __ORDER_PDP_ENDIAN__
+
+#if __BYTE_ORDER__ == __ORDER_LITTLE_ENDIAN__
+#define htobe16(x) bswap_16(x)
+#define be16toh(x) bswap_16(x)
+#define betoh16(x) bswap_16(x)
+#define htobe32(x) bswap_32(x)
+#define be32toh(x) bswap_32(x)
+#define betoh32(x) bswap_32(x)
+#define htobe64(x) bswap_64(x)
+#define be64toh(x) bswap_64(x)
+#define betoh64(x) bswap_64(x)
+#define htole16(x) (uint16_t)(x)
+#define le16toh(x) (uint16_t)(x)
+#define letoh16(x) (uint16_t)(x)
+#define htole32(x) (uint32_t)(x)
+#define le32toh(x) (uint32_t)(x)
+#define letoh32(x) (uint32_t)(x)
+#define htole64(x) (uint64_t)(x)
+#define le64toh(x) (uint64_t)(x)
+#define letoh64(x) (uint64_t)(x)
+#else
+#define htobe16(x) (uint16_t)(x)
+#define be16toh(x) (uint16_t)(x)
+#define betoh16(x) (uint16_t)(x)
+#define htobe32(x) (uint32_t)(x)
+#define be32toh(x) (uint32_t)(x)
+#define betoh32(x) (uint32_t)(x)
+#define htobe64(x) (uint64_t)(x)
+#define be64toh(x) (uint64_t)(x)
+#define betoh64(x) (uint64_t)(x)
+#define htole16(x) bswap_16(x)
+#define le16toh(x) bswap_16(x)
+#define letoh16(x) bswap_16(x)
+#define htole32(x) bswap_32(x)
+#define le32toh(x) bswap_32(x)
+#define letoh32(x) bswap_32(x)
+#define htole64(x) bswap_64(x)
+#define le64toh(x) bswap_64(x)
+#define letoh64(x) bswap_64(x)
+#endif
+
+#endif /* COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_BITS_NEWBIE_H_ */

libc/bits/popcnt.h

@@ -7,15 +7,15 @@ COSMOPOLITAN_C_START_
 unsigned long popcnt(unsigned long) pureconst;
 
 #if defined(__GNUC__) && !defined(__STRICT_ANSI__)
-#define popcnt(X)                                         \
-  (__builtin_constant_p(X) ? __builtin_popcountll(X) : ({ \
-    unsigned long Res, Pop = (X);                         \
-    if (X86_HAVE(POPCNT)) {                               \
-      asm("popcnt\t%1,%0" : "=r"(Res) : "r"(Pop) : "cc"); \
-    } else {                                              \
-      Res = (popcnt)(Pop);                                \
-    }                                                     \
-    Res;                                                  \
+#define popcnt(X)                                                \
+  (__builtin_constant_p(X) ? __builtin_popcountll(X) : ({        \
+    unsigned long PoP = (X);                                     \
+    if (X86_HAVE(POPCNT)) {                                      \
+      asm("popcnt\t%0,%0" : "+r"(PoP) : /* no inputs */ : "cc"); \
+    } else {                                                     \
+      PoP = (popcnt)(PoP);                                       \
+    }                                                            \
+    PoP;                                                         \
   }))
 #endif /* GNUC && !ANSI */
 

libc/calls/addrusage.c

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+/*-*- mode:c;indent-tabs-mode:nil;c-basic-offset:2;tab-width:8;coding:utf-8 -*-│
+│vi: set net ft=c ts=2 sts=2 sw=2 fenc=utf-8                                :vi│
+╞══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╡
+│ Copyright 2021 Justine Alexandra Roberts Tunney                              │
+│                                                                              │
+│ Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for         │
+│ any purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the         │
+│ above copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.      │
+│                                                                              │
+│ THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL                │
+│ WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED                │
+│ WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE             │
+│ AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL         │
+│ DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR        │
+│ PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER               │
+│ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
+│ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
+╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#include "libc/calls/math.h"
+#include "libc/macros.internal.h"
+
+void AddRusage(struct rusage *x, const struct rusage *y) {
+  AddTimeval(&x->ru_utime, &y->ru_utime);
+  AddTimeval(&x->ru_stime, &y->ru_stime);
+  x->ru_maxrss = MAX(x->ru_maxrss, y->ru_maxrss);
+  x->ru_ixrss += y->ru_ixrss;
+  x->ru_idrss += y->ru_idrss;
+  x->ru_isrss += y->ru_isrss;
+  x->ru_minflt += y->ru_minflt;
+  x->ru_majflt += y->ru_majflt;
+  x->ru_nswap += y->ru_nswap;
+  x->ru_inblock += y->ru_inblock;
+  x->ru_oublock += y->ru_oublock;
+  x->ru_msgsnd += y->ru_msgsnd;
+  x->ru_msgrcv += y->ru_msgrcv;
+  x->ru_nsignals += y->ru_nsignals;
+  x->ru_nvcsw += y->ru_nvcsw;
+  x->ru_nivcsw += y->ru_nivcsw;
+}

libc/calls/addtimeval.c

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+/*-*- mode:c;indent-tabs-mode:nil;c-basic-offset:2;tab-width:8;coding:utf-8 -*-│
+│vi: set net ft=c ts=2 sts=2 sw=2 fenc=utf-8                                :vi│
+╞══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╡
+│ Copyright 2021 Justine Alexandra Roberts Tunney                              │
+│                                                                              │
+│ Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for         │
+│ any purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the         │
+│ above copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.      │
+│                                                                              │
+│ THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL                │
+│ WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED                │
+│ WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE             │
+│ AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL         │
+│ DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR        │
+│ PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER               │
+│ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
+│ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
+╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#include "libc/calls/math.h"
+
+void AddTimeval(struct timeval *x, const struct timeval *y) {
+  x->tv_sec += y->tv_sec;
+  x->tv_usec += y->tv_usec;
+  if (x->tv_usec >= 1000000) {
+    x->tv_usec -= 1000000;
+    x->tv_sec += 1;
+  }
+}

libc/calls/calls.h

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 #include "libc/calls/struct/rlimit.h"
 #include "libc/calls/struct/rusage.h"
 #include "libc/calls/struct/sigaction.h"
+#include "libc/calls/struct/sigval.h"
 #include "libc/calls/struct/stat.h"
 #include "libc/calls/struct/sysinfo.h"
 #include "libc/calls/struct/timespec.h"
@@ -29,7 +30,7 @@
 #define SIG_DFL ((void *)0)
 #define SIG_IGN ((void *)1)
 
-#define MAP_FAILED ((void *)__SIZE_MAX__)
+#define MAP_FAILED ((void *)-1)
 
 #define ARCH_SET_GS 0x1001
 #define ARCH_SET_FS 0x1002
@@ -83,6 +84,7 @@ int arch_prctl();
 int chdir(const char *);
 int chmod(const char *, uint32_t);
 int chown(const char *, uint32_t, uint32_t);
+int chroot(const char *);
 int close(int);
 int closedir(DIR *);
 int creat(const char *, uint32_t) nodiscard;
@@ -99,6 +101,7 @@ int execvp(const char *, char *const[]) paramsnonnull();
 int execvpe(const char *, char *const[], char *const[]) paramsnonnull();
 int faccessat(int, const char *, int, uint32_t);
 int fadvise(int, uint64_t, uint64_t, int);
+int fchdir(int);
 int fchmod(int, uint32_t) nothrow;
 int fchmodat(int, const char *, uint32_t, uint32_t);
 int fchown(int, uint32_t, uint32_t);
@@ -114,6 +117,8 @@ int fsync(int);
 int ftruncate(int, int64_t);
 int getdomainname(char *, size_t);
 int gethostname(char *, size_t);
+int getpgid(int);
+int getpid(void);
 int getppid(void);
 int getpriority(int, unsigned);
 int getrlimit(int, struct rlimit *);
@@ -127,6 +132,7 @@ int madvise(void *, uint64_t, int);
 int mkdir(const char *, uint32_t);
 int mkdirat(int, const char *, uint32_t);
 int mkfifo(const char *, uint32_t);
+int mkfifoat(int, const char *, uint32_t);
 int mknod(const char *, uint32_t, uint64_t);
 int mknodat(int, const char *, int32_t, uint64_t);
 int mlock(const void *, size_t);
@@ -135,8 +141,8 @@ int mlockall(int);
 int munlock(const void *, size_t);
 int munlockall(void);
 int nice(int);
-int open(const char *, int, ...) nodiscard;
-int openanon(char *, unsigned) nodiscard;
+int open(const char *, int, ...);
+int openanon(char *, unsigned);
 int openat(int, const char *, int, ...);
 int pause(void);
 int personality(uint64_t);
@@ -144,8 +150,10 @@ int pipe(int[hasatleast 2]);
 int pipe2(int[hasatleast 2], int);
 int posix_fadvise(int, uint64_t, uint64_t, int);
 int posix_madvise(void *, uint64_t, int);
+int prctl();
 int raise(int);
 int readlink(const char *, char *, size_t);
+int reboot(int);
 int remove(const char *);
 int rename(const char *, const char *);
 int renameat(int, const char *, int, const char *);
@@ -169,12 +177,14 @@ int setuid(uint32_t);
 int sigaction(int, const struct sigaction *, struct sigaction *);
 int sigignore(int);
 int sigprocmask(int, const struct sigset *, struct sigset *);
+int sigqueue(int, int, const union sigval);
 int sigsuspend(const struct sigset *);
 int stat(const char *, struct stat *);
 int symlink(const char *, const char *);
 int symlinkat(const char *, int, const char *);
 int sync_file_range(int, int64_t, int64_t, unsigned);
-int sysinfo(struct sysinfo *) paramsnonnull();
+int sysctl(const int *, unsigned, void *, size_t *, void *, size_t);
+int sysinfo(struct sysinfo *);
 int touch(const char *, uint32_t);
 int truncate(const char *, uint64_t);
 int ttyname_r(int, char *, size_t);
@@ -187,21 +197,20 @@ int wait(int *);
 int wait3(int *, int, struct rusage *);
 int wait4(int, int *, int, struct rusage *);
 int waitpid(int, int *, int);
-ssize_t lseek(int, int64_t, unsigned);
-ssize_t pread(int, void *, size_t, int64_t);
-ssize_t preadv(int, struct iovec *, int, int64_t);
-ssize_t pwrite(int, const void *, size_t, int64_t);
-ssize_t pwritev(int, const struct iovec *, int, int64_t);
 intptr_t syscall(int, ...);
-void sync(void);
+long ptrace(int, int, void *, void *);
 long telldir(DIR *);
-int getpid(void);
 long times(struct tms *);
 sighandler_t signal(int, sighandler_t);
 size_t GetFileSize(const char *);
 size_t getfiledescriptorsize(int);
 ssize_t copy_file_range(int, long *, int, long *, size_t, uint32_t);
 ssize_t copyfd(int, int64_t *, int, int64_t *, size_t, uint32_t);
+ssize_t lseek(int, int64_t, unsigned);
+ssize_t pread(int, void *, size_t, int64_t);
+ssize_t preadv(int, struct iovec *, int, int64_t);
+ssize_t pwrite(int, const void *, size_t, int64_t);
+ssize_t pwritev(int, const struct iovec *, int, int64_t);
 ssize_t read(int, void *, size_t);
 ssize_t readansi(int, char *, size_t);
 ssize_t readlinkat(int, const char *, char *, size_t);
@@ -217,11 +226,8 @@ uint32_t getsid(int) nosideeffect;
 uint32_t gettid(void) nosideeffect;
 uint32_t getuid(void) nosideeffect;
 uint32_t umask(int32_t);
-long ptrace(int, int, void *, void *);
-int chroot(const char *);
-int prctl();
-int sysctl(const int *, unsigned, void *, size_t *, void *, size_t);
-int fchdir(int);
+void rewinddir(DIR *);
+void sync(void);
 
 /*───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────│─╗
 │ cosmopolitan § system calls » formatting                                 ─╬─│┼

libc/calls/calls.mk

@@ -41,8 +41,11 @@ LIBC_CALLS_A_DIRECTDEPS =				\
 	LIBC_INTRIN					\
 	LIBC_NEXGEN32E					\
 	LIBC_NT_ADVAPI32				\
+	LIBC_NT_IPHLPAPI				\
 	LIBC_NT_KERNEL32				\
 	LIBC_NT_NTDLL					\
+	LIBC_NT_POWERPROF				\
+	LIBC_NT_WS2_32					\
 	LIBC_STR					\
 	LIBC_STUBS					\
 	LIBC_SYSV_CALLS					\
@@ -81,6 +84,12 @@ o/$(MODE)/libc/calls/mkntenvblock.o:			\
 		OVERRIDE_CPPFLAGS +=			\
 			-DSTACK_FRAME_UNLIMITED
 
+o/$(MODE)/libc/calls/ioctl-siocgifconf.o		\
+o/$(MODE)/libc/calls/ioctl-siocgifconf-nt.o:		\
+		OVERRIDE_COPTS +=			\
+			-ffunction-sections		\
+			-fdata-sections
+
 LIBC_CALLS_LIBS = $(foreach x,$(LIBC_CALLS_ARTIFACTS),$($(x)))
 LIBC_CALLS_SRCS = $(foreach x,$(LIBC_CALLS_ARTIFACTS),$($(x)_SRCS))
 LIBC_CALLS_HDRS = $(foreach x,$(LIBC_CALLS_ARTIFACTS),$($(x)_HDRS))

libc/calls/cfgetispeed.c

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+/*-*- mode:c;indent-tabs-mode:nil;c-basic-offset:2;tab-width:8;coding:utf-8 -*-│
+│vi: set net ft=c ts=2 sts=2 sw=2 fenc=utf-8                                :vi│
+╞══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╡
+│ Copyright 2021 Justine Alexandra Roberts Tunney                              │
+│                                                                              │
+│ Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for         │
+│ any purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the         │
+│ above copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.      │
+│                                                                              │
+│ THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL                │
+│ WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED                │
+│ WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE             │
+│ AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL         │
+│ DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR        │
+│ PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER               │
+│ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
+│ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
+╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#include "libc/calls/termios.h"
+#include "libc/sysv/consts/termios.h"
+
+uint32_t cfgetispeed(const struct termios *t) {
+  if (CBAUD) {
+    return t->c_cflag & CBAUD;
+  } else {
+    return t->c_ispeed;
+  }
+}

libc/calls/cfgetospeed.c

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+/*-*- mode:c;indent-tabs-mode:nil;c-basic-offset:2;tab-width:8;coding:utf-8 -*-│
+│vi: set net ft=c ts=2 sts=2 sw=2 fenc=utf-8                                :vi│
+╞══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╡
+│ Copyright 2021 Justine Alexandra Roberts Tunney                              │
+│                                                                              │
+│ Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for         │
+│ any purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the         │
+│ above copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.      │
+│                                                                              │
+│ THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL                │
+│ WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED                │
+│ WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE             │
+│ AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL         │
+│ DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR        │
+│ PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER               │
+│ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
+│ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
+╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#include "libc/calls/termios.h"
+#include "libc/sysv/consts/termios.h"
+
+uint32_t cfgetospeed(const struct termios *t) {
+  if (CBAUD) {
+    return t->c_cflag & CBAUD;
+  } else {
+    return t->c_ospeed;
+  }
+}

libc/calls/cfmakeraw.c

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+/*-*- mode:c;indent-tabs-mode:nil;c-basic-offset:2;tab-width:8;coding:utf-8 -*-│
+│vi: set net ft=c ts=2 sts=2 sw=2 fenc=utf-8                                :vi│
+╞══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╡
+│ Copyright 2021 Justine Alexandra Roberts Tunney                              │
+│                                                                              │
+│ Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for         │
+│ any purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the         │
+│ above copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.      │
+│                                                                              │
+│ THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL                │
+│ WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED                │
+│ WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE             │
+│ AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL         │
+│ DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR        │
+│ PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER               │
+│ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
+│ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
+╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#include "libc/calls/termios.h"
+#include "libc/sysv/consts/termios.h"
+
+void cfmakeraw(struct termios *t) {
+  t->c_iflag &=
+      ~(IGNBRK | BRKINT | PARMRK | ISTRIP | INLCR | IGNCR | ICRNL | IXON);
+  t->c_oflag &= ~OPOST;
+  t->c_lflag &= ~(ECHO | ECHONL | ICANON | ISIG | IEXTEN);
+  t->c_cflag &= ~(CSIZE | PARENB);
+  t->c_cflag |= CS8;
+  t->c_cc[VMIN] = 1;
+  t->c_cc[VTIME] = 0;
+}

libc/calls/cfsetispeed.c

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+/*-*- mode:c;indent-tabs-mode:nil;c-basic-offset:2;tab-width:8;coding:utf-8 -*-│
+│vi: set net ft=c ts=2 sts=2 sw=2 fenc=utf-8                                :vi│
+╞══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╡
+│ Copyright 2021 Justine Alexandra Roberts Tunney                              │
+│                                                                              │
+│ Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for         │
+│ any purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the         │
+│ above copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.      │
+│                                                                              │
+│ THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL                │
+│ WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED                │
+│ WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE             │
+│ AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL         │
+│ DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR        │
+│ PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER               │
+│ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
+│ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
+╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#include "libc/calls/termios.h"
+#include "libc/sysv/errfuns.h"
+
+int cfsetispeed(struct termios *t, int speed) {
+  if (speed) {
+    if (CBAUD) {
+      if (speed & ~CBAUD) return einval();
+      t->c_cflag &= ~CBAUD;
+      t->c_cflag |= speed;
+    } else {
+      t->c_ispeed = speed;
+    }
+  }
+  return 0;
+}

libc/calls/cfsetospeed.c

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+/*-*- mode:c;indent-tabs-mode:nil;c-basic-offset:2;tab-width:8;coding:utf-8 -*-│
+│vi: set net ft=c ts=2 sts=2 sw=2 fenc=utf-8                                :vi│
+╞══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╡
+│ Copyright 2021 Justine Alexandra Roberts Tunney                              │
+│                                                                              │
+│ Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for         │
+│ any purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the         │
+│ above copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.      │
+│                                                                              │
+│ THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL                │
+│ WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED                │
+│ WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE             │
+│ AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL         │
+│ DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR        │
+│ PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER               │
+│ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
+│ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
+╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#include "libc/calls/termios.h"
+#include "libc/sysv/consts/termios.h"
+#include "libc/sysv/errfuns.h"
+
+int cfsetospeed(struct termios *t, int speed) {
+  if (CBAUD) {
+    if (!(speed & ~CBAUD)) {
+      t->c_cflag &= ~CBAUD;
+      t->c_cflag |= speed;
+      return 0;
+    } else {
+      return einval();
+    }
+  } else {
+    t->c_ospeed = speed;
+    return 0;
+  }
+}

libc/calls/clock_gettime.c

@@ -30,14 +30,10 @@
  * time. Among the more popular is CLOCK_MONOTONIC. This function has a
  * zero syscall implementation of that on modern x86.
  *
- * @param clockid can be CLOCK_REALTIME, CLOCK_MONOTONIC, etc. noting
- *     that on Linux CLOCK_MONOTONIC is redefined to use the monotonic
- *     clock that's actually monotonic lool
+ * @param clockid can be CLOCK_REALTIME, CLOCK_MONOTONIC, etc.
  * @param ts is where the result is stored
  * @return 0 on success, or -1 w/ errno
- * @error ENOSYS if clockid isn't available; in which case this function
- *     guarantees an ordinary timestamp is still stored to ts; and
- *     errno isn't restored to its original value, to detect prec. loss
+ * @error EINVAL if clockid isn't supported on this system
  * @see strftime(), gettimeofday()
  * @asyncsignalsafe
  */
@@ -46,6 +42,7 @@ int clock_gettime(int clockid, struct timespec *ts) {
   axdx_t ad;
   struct NtFileTime ft;
   if (!ts) return efault();
+  if (clockid == -1) return einval();
   if (!IsWindows()) {
     if ((rc = sys_clock_gettime(clockid, ts)) == -1 && errno == ENOSYS) {
       ad = sys_gettimeofday((struct timeval *)ts, NULL, NULL);

libc/calls/commandv.c

@@ -26,8 +26,9 @@ static bool AccessCommand(char path[hasatleast PATH_MAX], const char *name,
                           size_t namelen, size_t pathlen) {
   if (pathlen + 1 + namelen + 1 + 4 + 1 > PATH_MAX) return -1;
   if (pathlen && (path[pathlen - 1] != '/' && path[pathlen - 1] != '\\')) {
-    path[pathlen] =
-        !IsWindows() ? '/' : memchr(path, '\\', pathlen) ? '\\' : '/';
+    path[pathlen] = !IsWindows()                  ? '/'
+                    : memchr(path, '\\', pathlen) ? '\\'
+                                                  : '/';
     pathlen++;
   }
   memcpy(path + pathlen, name, namelen + 1);
@@ -93,7 +94,9 @@ char *commandv(const char *name, char pathbuf[hasatleast PATH_MAX]) {
        (AccessCommand(pathbuf, name, namelen,
                       stpcpy(pathbuf, kNtSystemDirectory) - pathbuf) ||
         AccessCommand(pathbuf, name, namelen,
-                      stpcpy(pathbuf, kNtWindowsDirectory) - pathbuf))) ||
+                      stpcpy(pathbuf, kNtWindowsDirectory) - pathbuf) ||
+        AccessCommand(pathbuf, name, namelen,
+                      stpcpy(pathbuf, ".") - pathbuf))) ||
       SearchPath(pathbuf, name, namelen)) {
     errno = olderr;
     return pathbuf;

libc/calls/fcntl-nt.c

@@ -16,47 +16,152 @@
 │ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
 │ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#include "libc/bits/bits.h"
 #include "libc/calls/calls.h"
 #include "libc/calls/internal.h"
+#include "libc/calls/struct/flock.h"
+#include "libc/macros.internal.h"
 #include "libc/nt/enum/accessmask.h"
 #include "libc/nt/enum/fileflagandattributes.h"
+#include "libc/nt/enum/filelockflags.h"
 #include "libc/nt/enum/filesharemode.h"
+#include "libc/nt/enum/formatmessageflags.h"
+#include "libc/nt/errors.h"
 #include "libc/nt/files.h"
+#include "libc/nt/process.h"
+#include "libc/nt/runtime.h"
+#include "libc/nt/struct/byhandlefileinformation.h"
+#include "libc/nt/struct/overlapped.h"
+#include "libc/nt/synchronization.h"
 #include "libc/sysv/consts/f.h"
 #include "libc/sysv/consts/fd.h"
 #include "libc/sysv/consts/o.h"
 #include "libc/sysv/errfuns.h"
 
-textwindows int sys_fcntl_nt(int fd, int cmd, unsigned arg) {
+static textwindows int sys_fcntl_nt_reservefd(int start) {
+  int fd;
+  for (;;) {
+    fd = start;
+    if (fd >= g_fds.n) {
+      if (__ensurefds(fd) == -1) return -1;
+    }
+    cmpxchg(&g_fds.f, fd, fd + 1);
+    if (cmpxchg(&g_fds.p[fd].kind, kFdEmpty, kFdReserved)) {
+      return fd;
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+static textwindows int sys_fcntl_nt_dupfd(int oldfd, int cmd, int start) {
+  int newfd;
+  int64_t proc;
+  if ((newfd = sys_fcntl_nt_reservefd(start)) != -1) {
+    proc = GetCurrentProcess();
+    if (DuplicateHandle(proc, g_fds.p[oldfd].handle, proc,
+                        &g_fds.p[newfd].handle, 0, true,
+                        kNtDuplicateSameAccess)) {
+      g_fds.p[newfd].kind = g_fds.p[oldfd].kind;
+      g_fds.p[newfd].flags = cmd == F_DUPFD_CLOEXEC ? O_CLOEXEC : 0;
+      return newfd;
+    } else {
+      __releasefd(newfd);
+      return __winerr();
+    }
+  } else {
+    return -1;
+  }
+}
+
+static textwindows int sys_fcntl_nt_lock(struct Fd *f, int cmd, uintptr_t arg) {
+  struct flock *l;
+  uint32_t flags, err;
+  struct NtOverlapped ov;
+  int64_t pos, off, len, size;
+  struct NtByHandleFileInformation info;
+  if (!GetFileInformationByHandle(f->handle, &info)) return __winerr();
+  if (!SetFilePointerEx(f->handle, 0, &pos, SEEK_CUR)) return __winerr();
+  l = (struct flock *)arg;
+  len = l->l_len;
+  off = l->l_start;
+  size = (uint64_t)info.nFileSizeHigh << 32 | info.nFileSizeLow;
+  switch (l->l_whence) {
+    case SEEK_SET:
+      break;
+    case SEEK_CUR:
+      off = pos + off;
+      break;
+    case SEEK_END:
+      off = size - off;
+      break;
+    default:
+      return einval();
+  }
+  if (!len) len = size - off;
+  if (off < 0 || len < 0) return einval();
+  offset2overlap(off, &ov);
+  if (l->l_type == F_RDLCK || l->l_type == F_WRLCK) {
+    flags = 0;
+    if (cmd == F_SETLK) flags |= kNtLockfileFailImmediately;
+    /* TODO: How can we make SQLite locks on Windows to work? */
+    /* if (l->l_type == F_WRLCK) flags |= kNtLockfileExclusiveLock; */
+    if (LockFileEx(f->handle, flags, 0, len, len >> 32, &ov)) {
+      return 0;
+    } else {
+      err = GetLastError();
+      if (err == kNtErrorLockViolation) err = EAGAIN;
+      errno = err;
+      return -1;
+    }
+  } else if (l->l_type == F_UNLCK) {
+    if (UnlockFileEx(f->handle, 0, len, len >> 32, &ov)) {
+      return 0;
+    } else {
+      err = GetLastError();
+      if (err == kNtErrorNotLocked) {
+        return 0;
+      } else {
+        errno = err;
+        return -1;
+      }
+    }
+  } else {
+    return einval();
+  }
+}
+
+textwindows int sys_fcntl_nt(int fd, int cmd, uintptr_t arg) {
   uint32_t flags;
   if (__isfdkind(fd, kFdFile) || __isfdkind(fd, kFdSocket)) {
-    switch (cmd) {
-      case F_GETFL:
-        return g_fds.p[fd].flags & (O_ACCMODE | O_APPEND | O_ASYNC | O_DIRECT |
-                                    O_NOATIME | O_NONBLOCK);
-      case F_SETFL:
-        /*
-         * - O_APPEND doesn't appear to be tunable at cursory glance
-         * - O_NONBLOCK might require we start doing all i/o in threads
-         * - O_DSYNC / O_RSYNC / O_SYNC maybe if we fsync() everything
-         */
-        return einval();
-      case F_GETFD:
-        if (g_fds.p[fd].flags & O_CLOEXEC) {
-          return FD_CLOEXEC;
-        } else {
-          return 0;
-        }
-      case F_SETFD:
-        if (arg & FD_CLOEXEC) {
-          g_fds.p[fd].flags |= O_CLOEXEC;
-          return FD_CLOEXEC;
-        } else {
-          g_fds.p[fd].flags &= ~O_CLOEXEC;
-          return 0;
-        }
-      default:
-        return einval();
+    if (cmd == F_GETFL) {
+      return g_fds.p[fd].flags & (O_ACCMODE | O_APPEND | O_ASYNC | O_DIRECT |
+                                  O_NOATIME | O_NONBLOCK);
+    } else if (cmd == F_SETFL) {
+      /*
+       * - O_APPEND doesn't appear to be tunable at cursory glance
+       * - O_NONBLOCK might require we start doing all i/o in threads
+       * - O_DSYNC / O_RSYNC / O_SYNC maybe if we fsync() everything
+       */
+      return einval();
+    } else if (cmd == F_GETFD) {
+      if (g_fds.p[fd].flags & O_CLOEXEC) {
+        return FD_CLOEXEC;
+      } else {
+        return 0;
+      }
+    } else if (cmd == F_SETFD) {
+      if (arg & FD_CLOEXEC) {
+        g_fds.p[fd].flags |= O_CLOEXEC;
+        return FD_CLOEXEC;
+      } else {
+        g_fds.p[fd].flags &= ~O_CLOEXEC;
+        return 0;
+      }
+    } else if (cmd == F_SETLK || cmd == F_SETLKW) {
+      return sys_fcntl_nt_lock(g_fds.p + fd, cmd, arg);
+    } else if (cmd == F_DUPFD || cmd == F_DUPFD_CLOEXEC) {
+      return sys_fcntl_nt_dupfd(fd, cmd, arg);
+    } else {
+      return einval();
     }
   } else {
     return ebadf();

libc/calls/fcntl-sysv.c

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+/*-*- mode:c;indent-tabs-mode:nil;c-basic-offset:2;tab-width:8;coding:utf-8 -*-│
+│vi: set net ft=c ts=2 sts=2 sw=2 fenc=utf-8                                :vi│
+╞══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╡
+│ Copyright 2021 Justine Alexandra Roberts Tunney                              │
+│                                                                              │
+│ Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for         │
+│ any purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the         │
+│ above copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.      │
+│                                                                              │
+│ THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL                │
+│ WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED                │
+│ WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE             │
+│ AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL         │
+│ DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR        │
+│ PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER               │
+│ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
+│ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
+╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#include "libc/calls/internal.h"
+#include "libc/calls/struct/flock.h"
+#include "libc/sysv/consts/f.h"
+
+int sys_fcntl(int fd, int cmd, uintptr_t arg) {
+  int rc;
+  bool islock;
+  islock = cmd == F_SETLK || cmd == F_SETLKW || cmd == F_GETLK;
+  if (islock) cosmo2flock(arg);
+  rc = __sys_fcntl(fd, cmd, arg);
+  if (islock) flock2cosmo(arg);
+  return rc;
+}

libc/calls/fcntl.c

@@ -25,6 +25,15 @@
  *
  *     CHECK_NE(-1, fcntl(fd, F_SETFD, FD_CLOEXEC));
  *
+ * This function implements POSIX Advisory Locks, e.g.
+ *
+ *     CHECK_NE(-1, fcntl(zfd, F_SETLKW, &(struct flock){F_WRLCK}));
+ *     // ...
+ *     CHECK_NE(-1, fcntl(zfd, F_SETLK, &(struct flock){F_UNLCK}));
+ *
+ * Please be warned that locks currently do nothing on Windows since
+ * figuring out how to polyfill them correctly is a work in progress.
+ *
  * @param cmd can be F_{GET,SET}{FD,FL}, etc.
  * @param arg can be FD_CLOEXEC, etc. depending
  * @return 0 on success, or -1 w/ errno
@@ -32,9 +41,9 @@
  */
 int fcntl(int fd, int cmd, ...) {
   va_list va;
-  unsigned arg;
+  uintptr_t arg;
   va_start(va, cmd);
-  arg = va_arg(va, unsigned);
+  arg = va_arg(va, uintptr_t);
   va_end(va);
   if (!IsWindows()) {
     return sys_fcntl(fd, cmd, arg);

libc/calls/fixupnewfd.c

@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@
 int __fixupnewfd(int fd, int flags) {
   if (fd != -1) {
     if (flags & O_CLOEXEC) {
-      sys_fcntl(fd, F_SETFD, FD_CLOEXEC);
+      __sys_fcntl(fd, F_SETFD, FD_CLOEXEC);
     }
   }
   return fd;

libc/calls/flock.c

@@ -23,6 +23,8 @@
 /**
  * Acquires lock on file.
  *
+ * Please note multiple file descriptors means multiple locks.
+ *
  * @param op can have LOCK_{SH,EX,NB,UN} for shared, exclusive,
  *     non-blocking, and unlocking
  * @return 0 on success, or -1 w/ errno

libc/calls/fstat-nt.c

@@ -39,28 +39,31 @@ textwindows int sys_fstat_nt(int64_t handle, struct stat *st) {
     memset(st, 0, sizeof(*st));
     switch (filetype) {
       case kNtFileTypeChar:
-        st->st_mode = S_IFCHR | 0600;
+        st->st_mode = S_IFCHR | 0644;
         break;
       case kNtFileTypePipe:
-        st->st_mode = S_IFIFO | 0600;
+        st->st_mode = S_IFIFO | 0644;
         break;
       case kNtFileTypeDisk:
         if (GetFileInformationByHandle(handle, &wst)) {
-          st->st_mode =
-              (S_IRUSR | S_IXUSR |
-               (!(wst.dwFileAttributes & kNtFileAttributeReadonly) ? S_IWUSR
-                                                                   : 0) |
-               ((wst.dwFileAttributes & kNtFileAttributeNormal) ? S_IFREG : 0) |
-               ((wst.dwFileAttributes & kNtFileFlagOpenReparsePoint) ? S_IFLNK
-                                                                     : 0) |
-               ((wst.dwFileAttributes & kNtFileAttributeDirectory) ? S_IFDIR
-                                                                   : 0));
+          st->st_mode = 0555;
+          if (!(wst.dwFileAttributes & kNtFileAttributeReadonly)) {
+            st->st_mode |= 0200;
+          }
+          if (wst.dwFileAttributes & kNtFileAttributeDirectory) {
+            st->st_mode |= S_IFDIR;
+          } else if (wst.dwFileAttributes & kNtFileFlagOpenReparsePoint) {
+            st->st_mode |= S_IFLNK;
+          } else {
+            st->st_mode |= S_IFREG;
+          }
           st->st_atim = FileTimeToTimeSpec(wst.ftLastAccessFileTime);
           st->st_mtim = FileTimeToTimeSpec(wst.ftLastWriteFileTime);
           st->st_ctim = FileTimeToTimeSpec(wst.ftCreationFileTime);
           st->st_size = (uint64_t)wst.nFileSizeHigh << 32 | wst.nFileSizeLow;
           st->st_blksize = PAGESIZE;
           st->st_dev = wst.dwVolumeSerialNumber;
+          st->st_rdev = wst.dwVolumeSerialNumber;
           st->st_ino = (uint64_t)wst.nFileIndexHigh << 32 | wst.nFileIndexLow;
           st->st_nlink = wst.nNumberOfLinks;
           if (GetFileInformationByHandleEx(handle, kNtFileCompressionInfo, &fci,

libc/calls/fstat.c

@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
 #include "libc/calls/calls.h"
 #include "libc/calls/internal.h"
 #include "libc/dce.h"
+#include "libc/intrin/asan.internal.h"
 #include "libc/sysv/errfuns.h"
 #include "libc/zipos/zipos.internal.h"
 
@@ -28,6 +29,7 @@
  * @asyncsignalsafe
  */
 int fstat(int fd, struct stat *st) {
+  if (IsAsan() && (!st || !__asan_is_valid(st, sizeof(*st)))) return efault();
   if (__isfdkind(fd, kFdZip)) {
     return weaken(__zipos_fstat)(
         (struct ZiposHandle *)(intptr_t)g_fds.p[fd].handle, st);

libc/calls/fstatat.c

@@ -20,7 +20,9 @@
 #include "libc/calls/calls.h"
 #include "libc/calls/internal.h"
 #include "libc/errno.h"
+#include "libc/intrin/asan.internal.h"
 #include "libc/sysv/consts/at.h"
+#include "libc/sysv/errfuns.h"
 #include "libc/zipos/zipos.internal.h"
 
 /**
@@ -36,6 +38,7 @@
  */
 int fstatat(int dirfd, const char *path, struct stat *st, uint32_t flags) {
   struct ZiposUri zipname;
+  if (IsAsan() && (!st || !__asan_is_valid(st, sizeof(*st)))) return efault();
   if (weaken(__zipos_stat) && weaken(__zipos_parseuri)(path, &zipname) != -1) {
     return weaken(__zipos_stat)(&zipname, st);
   } else if (!IsWindows()) {

libc/calls/ftok.c

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+/*-*- mode:c;indent-tabs-mode:nil;c-basic-offset:2;tab-width:8;coding:utf-8 -*-│
+│vi: set net ft=c ts=2 sts=2 sw=2 fenc=utf-8                                :vi│
+╞══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╡
+│ Copyright 2021 Justine Alexandra Roberts Tunney                              │
+│                                                                              │
+│ Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for         │
+│ any purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the         │
+│ above copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.      │
+│                                                                              │
+│ THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL                │
+│ WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED                │
+│ WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE             │
+│ AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL         │
+│ DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR        │
+│ PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER               │
+│ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
+│ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
+╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#include "libc/calls/calls.h"
+#include "libc/calls/struct/stat.h"
+#include "libc/calls/weirdtypes.h"
+#include "libc/str/str.h"
+
+int ftok(const char *path, int id) {
+  struct stat st;
+  if (stat(path, &st) == -1) return -1;
+  return (uint32_t)id << 24 | (st.st_dev & 0xff) << 16 | (st.st_ino & 0xffff);
+}

libc/calls/getconsolectrlevent.h

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+#ifndef COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_CALLS_GETCONSOLECTRLEVENT_H_
+#define COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_CALLS_GETCONSOLECTRLEVENT_H_
+#include "libc/nt/enum/ctrlevent.h"
+#include "libc/sysv/consts/sig.h"
+#if !(__ASSEMBLER__ + __LINKER__ + 0)
+COSMOPOLITAN_C_START_
+
+static inline int GetConsoleCtrlEvent(int sig) {
+  switch (sig) {
+    case SIGINT:
+      return kNtCtrlCEvent;
+    case SIGHUP:
+      return kNtCtrlCloseEvent;
+    case SIGQUIT:
+      return kNtCtrlBreakEvent;
+    default:
+      return -1;
+  }
+}
+
+COSMOPOLITAN_C_END_
+#endif /* !(__ASSEMBLER__ + __LINKER__ + 0) */
+#endif /* COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_CALLS_GETCONSOLECTRLEVENT_H_ */

libc/calls/getcwd-xnu.c

@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ char *sys_getcwd_xnu(char *res, size_t size) {
   if ((fd = sys_openat(AT_FDCWD, ".", O_RDONLY | O_DIRECTORY, 0)) != -1) {
     if (sys_fstat(fd, &st[0]) != -1) {
       if (st[0].st_dev && st[0].st_ino) {
-        if (sys_fcntl(fd, XNU_F_GETPATH, buf) != -1) {
+        if (__sys_fcntl(fd, XNU_F_GETPATH, (uintptr_t)buf) != -1) {
           if (sys_fstatat(AT_FDCWD, buf, &st[1], 0) != -1) {
             if (st[0].st_dev == st[1].st_dev && st[0].st_ino == st[1].st_ino) {
               if (memccpy(res, buf, '\0', size)) {

libc/calls/getpgid.c

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+/*-*- mode:c;indent-tabs-mode:nil;c-basic-offset:2;tab-width:8;coding:utf-8 -*-│
+│vi: set net ft=c ts=2 sts=2 sw=2 fenc=utf-8                                :vi│
+╞══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╡
+│ Copyright 2021 Justine Alexandra Roberts Tunney                              │
+│                                                                              │
+│ Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for         │
+│ any purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the         │
+│ above copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.      │
+│                                                                              │
+│ THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL                │
+│ WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED                │
+│ WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE             │
+│ AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL         │
+│ DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR        │
+│ PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER               │
+│ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
+│ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
+╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#include "libc/calls/calls.h"
+#include "libc/calls/internal.h"
+#include "libc/dce.h"
+
+/**
+ * Returns process group id.
+ */
+int getpgid(int pid) {
+  if (!IsWindows()) {
+    return sys_getpgid(pid);
+  } else {
+    return getpid();
+  }
+}

libc/calls/getppid.c

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@
  * Returns parent process id.
  * @asyncsignalsafe
  */
-int32_t getppid(void) {
+int getppid(void) {
   if (!IsWindows()) {
     if (!IsNetbsd()) {
       return sys_getppid();

libc/calls/getrusage-nt.c

@@ -38,8 +38,8 @@ textwindows int sys_getrusage_nt(int who, struct rusage *usage) {
   if ((who == RUSAGE_SELF ? GetProcessTimes : GetThreadTimes)(
           (who == RUSAGE_SELF ? GetCurrentProcess : GetCurrentThread)(),
           &CreationFileTime, &ExitFileTime, &KernelFileTime, &UserFileTime)) {
-    FileTimeToTimeVal(&usage->ru_utime, UserFileTime);
-    FileTimeToTimeVal(&usage->ru_stime, KernelFileTime);
+    usage->ru_utime = FileTimeToTimeVal(UserFileTime);
+    usage->ru_stime = FileTimeToTimeVal(KernelFileTime);
     return 0;
   } else {
     return __winerr();

libc/calls/getrusage-sysv.c

@@ -17,15 +17,19 @@
 │ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
 #include "libc/calls/calls.h"
-#include "libc/calls/struct/timeval.h"
-#include "libc/fmt/conv.h"
-#include "libc/nt/struct/filetime.h"
+#include "libc/calls/internal.h"
+#include "libc/sysv/errfuns.h"
 
-textwindows void FileTimeToTimeVal(struct timeval *tv, struct NtFileTime ft) {
-  uint64_t x;
-  x = ft.dwHighDateTime;
-  x <<= 32;
-  x |= ft.dwLowDateTime;
-  tv->tv_sec = x / HECTONANOSECONDS - MODERNITYSECONDS;
-  tv->tv_usec = x % HECTONANOSECONDS / 10;
+/**
+ * Returns resource usage statistics.
+ *
+ * @param who can be RUSAGE_{SELF,CHILDREN,THREAD}
+ * @return 0 on success, or -1 w/ errno
+ */
+int sys_getrusage(int who, struct rusage *usage) {
+  int rc;
+  if ((rc = __sys_getrusage(who, usage)) != -1) {
+    __rusage2linux(usage);
+  }
+  return rc;
 }

libc/calls/gettimeofday-nt.c

@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@
 int sys_gettimeofday_nt(struct timeval *tv, struct timezone *tz) {
   struct NtFileTime ft;
   GetSystemTimeAsFileTime(&ft);
-  FileTimeToTimeVal(tv, ft);
+  *tv = FileTimeToTimeVal(ft);
   if (tz) memset(tz, 0, sizeof(*tz));
   return 0;
 }

libc/calls/internal.h

@@ -4,7 +4,10 @@
 #include "libc/calls/internal.h"
 #include "libc/calls/struct/iovec.h"
 #include "libc/calls/struct/itimerval.h"
+#include "libc/calls/struct/rusage.h"
 #include "libc/calls/struct/sigaction-xnu.internal.h"
+#include "libc/calls/struct/siginfo.h"
+#include "libc/calls/struct/sigval.h"
 #include "libc/calls/struct/timespec.h"
 #include "libc/calls/struct/timeval.h"
 #include "libc/dce.h"
@@ -106,12 +109,15 @@ char *sys_getcwd(char *, u64) hidden;
 char *sys_getcwd_xnu(char *, u64) hidden;
 i32 __sys_dup3(i32, i32, i32) hidden;
 i32 __sys_execve(const char *, char *const[], char *const[]) hidden;
+i32 __sys_fcntl(i32, i32, u64) hidden;
 i32 __sys_fstat(i32, struct stat *) hidden;
 i32 __sys_fstatat(i32, const char *, struct stat *, i32) hidden;
+i32 __sys_getrusage(i32, struct rusage *) hidden;
 i32 __sys_openat(i32, const char *, i32, u32) hidden;
 i32 __sys_pipe2(i32[hasatleast 2], u32) hidden;
 i32 __sys_utimensat(i32, const char *, const struct timespec *, i32) hidden;
-i32 getdents(i32, char *, u32, i64 *) hidden;
+i32 __sys_wait4(i32, i32 *, i32, struct rusage *) hidden;
+i32 getdents(i32, void *, u32, i64 *) hidden;
 i32 sys_chdir(const char *) hidden;
 i32 sys_clock_gettime(i32, struct timespec *) hidden;
 i32 sys_close(i32) hidden;
@@ -126,7 +132,7 @@ i32 sys_fchmod(i32, u32) hidden;
 i32 sys_fchmodat(i32, const char *, u32, u32) hidden;
 i32 sys_fchown(i64, u32, u32) hidden;
 i32 sys_fchownat(i32, const char *, u32, u32, u32) hidden;
-i32 sys_fcntl(i32, i32, ...) hidden;
+i32 sys_fcntl(i32, i32, u64) hidden;
 i32 sys_fdatasync(i32) hidden;
 i32 sys_flock(i32, i32) hidden;
 i32 sys_fstat(i32, struct stat *) hidden;
@@ -136,11 +142,12 @@ i32 sys_ftruncate(i32, i64, i64) hidden;
 i32 sys_futimes(i32, const struct timeval *) hidden;
 i32 sys_futimesat(i32, const char *, const struct timeval *) hidden;
 i32 sys_getitimer(i32, struct itimerval *) hidden;
+i32 sys_getpgid(i32) hidden;
 i32 sys_getppid(void) hidden;
 i32 sys_getpriority(i32, u32) hidden;
 i32 sys_getrlimit(i32, struct rlimit *) hidden;
 i32 sys_getrusage(i32, struct rusage *) hidden;
-i32 sys_ioctl(i32, u64, void *) hidden;
+i32 sys_ioctl(i32, u64, ...) hidden;
 i32 sys_kill(i32, i32, i32) hidden;
 i32 sys_linkat(i32, const char *, i32, const char *, i32) hidden;
 i32 sys_lseek(i32, i64, i64, i64) hidden;
@@ -170,6 +177,8 @@ i32 sys_setrlimit(i32, const struct rlimit *) hidden;
 i32 sys_setsid(void) hidden;
 i32 sys_sigaction(i32, const void *, void *, i64, i64) hidden;
 i32 sys_sigprocmask(i32, const sigset *, sigset *, u64) hidden;
+i32 sys_sigqueue(i32, i32, const union sigval) hidden;
+i32 sys_sigqueueinfo(i32, const siginfo_t *) hidden;
 i32 sys_sigsuspend(const sigset *, u64) hidden;
 i32 sys_symlinkat(const char *, i32, const char *) hidden;
 i32 sys_sync(void) hidden;
@@ -220,6 +229,18 @@ int gethostname_linux(char *, size_t) hidden;
 int gethostname_bsd(char *, size_t) hidden;
 int gethostname_nt(char *, size_t) hidden;
 size_t __iovec_size(const struct iovec *, size_t) hidden;
+void __rusage2linux(struct rusage *) hidden;
+ssize_t WritevUninterruptible(int, struct iovec *, int);
+void flock2cosmo(uintptr_t);
+void cosmo2flock(uintptr_t);
+
+int sys_sendfile_xnu(int32_t infd, int32_t outfd, int64_t offset,
+                     int64_t *out_opt_sbytes, const void *opt_hdtr,
+                     int32_t flags) asm("sys_sendfile") hidden;
+int sys_sendfile_freebsd(int32_t infd, int32_t outfd, int64_t offset,
+                         size_t nbytes, const void *opt_hdtr,
+                         int64_t *out_opt_sbytes,
+                         int32_t flags) asm("sys_sendfile") hidden;
 
 /*───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────│─╗
 │ cosmopolitan § syscalls » windows nt » veneers                           ─╬─│┼
@@ -236,7 +257,7 @@ int sys_execve_nt(const char *, char *const[], char *const[]) hidden;
 int sys_faccessat_nt(int, const char *, int, uint32_t) hidden;
 int sys_fadvise_nt(int, u64, u64, int) hidden;
 int sys_fchdir_nt(int) hidden;
-int sys_fcntl_nt(int, int, unsigned) hidden;
+int sys_fcntl_nt(int, int, uintptr_t) hidden;
 int sys_fdatasync_nt(int) hidden;
 int sys_flock_nt(int, int) hidden;
 int sys_fork_nt(void) hidden;

libc/calls/ioctl.c

@@ -27,7 +27,11 @@
  * Controls settings on device.
  * @vforksafe
  */
-int(ioctl)(int fd, uint64_t request, void *memory) {
-  __IOCTL_DISPATCH(EQUAL, fd, request, memory);
-  return ioctl_default(fd, request, memory);
+int(ioctl)(int fd, uint64_t request, ...) {
+  void *arg;
+  va_list va;
+  va_start(va, request);
+  arg = va_arg(va, void *);
+  va_end(va);
+  return __IOCTL_DISPATCH(EQUAL, -1, fd, request, arg);
 }

libc/calls/ioctl.h

@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 #ifndef COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_CALLS_IOCTL_H_
 #define COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_CALLS_IOCTL_H_
 #include "libc/macros.internal.h"
+#include "libc/sysv/consts/fio.h"
+#include "libc/sysv/consts/sio.h"
 #include "libc/sysv/consts/termios.h"
 #if !(__ASSEMBLER__ + __LINKER__ + 0)
 COSMOPOLITAN_C_START_
@@ -9,25 +11,55 @@ COSMOPOLITAN_C_START_
 │ cosmopolitan § system calls » ioctl                                      ─╬─│┼
 ╚────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────│*/
 
-int ioctl(int, uint64_t, void *);
+int ioctl(int, uint64_t, ...);
 
 /*───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────│─╗
 │ cosmopolitan § system calls » ioctl » undiamonding (size optimization)   ─╬─│┼
 ╚────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────│*/
 #if defined(__GNUC__) && !defined(__STRICT_ANSI__)
 
-#define ioctl(FD, REQUEST, MEMORY) ioctl_dispatch(FD, REQUEST, MEMORY)
+#define ioctl(FD, REQUEST, ...)                                             \
+  __IOCTL_DISPATCH(__EQUIVALENT, ioctl_default(FD, REQUEST, ##__VA_ARGS__), \
+                   FD, REQUEST, ##__VA_ARGS__)
 
 #define __EQUIVALENT(X, Y) (__builtin_constant_p((X) == (Y)) && ((X) == (Y)))
-#define __IOCTL_DISPATCH(CMP, FD, REQUEST, MEMORY)                       \
-  do {                                                                   \
-    if (CMP(request, TIOCGWINSZ)) return ioctl_tiocgwinsz(FD, MEMORY);   \
-    if (CMP(request, TIOCSWINSZ)) return ioctl_tiocswinsz(FD, MEMORY);   \
-    if (CMP(request, TCGETS)) return ioctl_tcgets(FD, MEMORY);           \
-    if (CMP(request, TCSETS)) return ioctl_tcsets(FD, REQUEST, MEMORY);  \
-    if (CMP(request, TCSETSW)) return ioctl_tcsets(FD, REQUEST, MEMORY); \
-    if (CMP(request, TCSETSF)) return ioctl_tcsets(FD, REQUEST, MEMORY); \
-  } while (0)
+
+#define __IOCTL_DISPATCH(CMP, DEFAULT, FD, REQUEST, ...) \
+  ({                                                     \
+    int ReZ;                                             \
+    if (CMP(REQUEST, TIOCGWINSZ)) {                      \
+      ReZ = ioctl_tiocgwinsz(FD, __VA_ARGS__);           \
+    } else if (CMP(REQUEST, TIOCSWINSZ)) {               \
+      ReZ = ioctl_tiocswinsz(FD, __VA_ARGS__);           \
+    } else if (CMP(REQUEST, TCGETS)) {                   \
+      ReZ = ioctl_tcgets(FD, __VA_ARGS__);               \
+    } else if (CMP(REQUEST, TCSETS)) {                   \
+      ReZ = ioctl_tcsets(FD, REQUEST, __VA_ARGS__);      \
+    } else if (CMP(REQUEST, TCSETSW)) {                  \
+      ReZ = ioctl_tcsets(FD, REQUEST, __VA_ARGS__);      \
+    } else if (CMP(REQUEST, TCSETSF)) {                  \
+      ReZ = ioctl_tcsets(FD, REQUEST, __VA_ARGS__);      \
+    } else if (CMP(REQUEST, SIOCGIFCONF)) {              \
+      ReZ = ioctl_siocgifconf(FD, __VA_ARGS__);          \
+    } else if (CMP(REQUEST, SIOCGIFADDR)) {              \
+      ReZ = ioctl_siocgifaddr(FD, __VA_ARGS__);          \
+    } else if (CMP(REQUEST, SIOCGIFNETMASK)) {           \
+      ReZ = ioctl_siocgifnetmask(FD, __VA_ARGS__);       \
+    } else if (CMP(REQUEST, SIOCGIFBRDADDR)) {           \
+      ReZ = ioctl_siocgifbrdaddr(FD, __VA_ARGS__);       \
+    } else if (CMP(REQUEST, SIOCGIFDSTADDR)) {           \
+      ReZ = ioctl_siocgifdstaddr(FD, __VA_ARGS__);       \
+    } else if (CMP(REQUEST, SIOCGIFFLAGS)) {             \
+      ReZ = ioctl_siocgifflags(FD, __VA_ARGS__);         \
+    } else if (CMP(REQUEST, FIOCLEX)) {                  \
+      ReZ = ioctl_fioclex(FD);                           \
+    } else if (CMP(REQUEST, FIONCLEX)) {                 \
+      ReZ = ioctl_fionclex(FD);                          \
+    } else {                                             \
+      ReZ = DEFAULT;                                     \
+    }                                                    \
+    ReZ;                                                 \
+  })
 
 int ioctl_tcgets(int, void *);
 int ioctl_tcgets_nt(int, void *);
@@ -37,12 +69,15 @@ int ioctl_tiocgwinsz(int, void *);
 int ioctl_tiocgwinsz_nt(int, void *);
 int ioctl_tiocswinsz(int, void *);
 int ioctl_tiocswinsz_nt(int, void *);
+int ioctl_siocgifconf(int, void *);
+int ioctl_siocgifaddr(int, void *);
+int ioctl_siocgifdstaddr(int, void *);
+int ioctl_siocgifnetmask(int, void *);
+int ioctl_siocgifbrdaddr(int, void *);
+int ioctl_siocgifflags(int, void *);
 int ioctl_default(int, uint64_t, void *);
-
-forceinline int ioctl_dispatch(int fd, uint64_t request, void *memory) {
-  __IOCTL_DISPATCH(__EQUIVALENT, fd, request, memory);
-  return ioctl_default(fd, request, memory);
-}
+int ioctl_fioclex(int);
+int ioctl_fionclex(int);
 
 #endif /* GNUC && !ANSI */
 COSMOPOLITAN_C_END_

libc/calls/ioctl_fioclex-nt.c

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+/*-*- mode:c;indent-tabs-mode:nil;c-basic-offset:2;tab-width:8;coding:utf-8 -*-│
+│vi: set net ft=c ts=2 sts=2 sw=2 fenc=utf-8                                :vi│
+╞══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╡
+│ Copyright 2021 Justine Alexandra Roberts Tunney                              │
+│                                                                              │
+│ Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for         │
+│ any purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the         │
+│ above copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.      │
+│                                                                              │
+│ THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL                │
+│ WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED                │
+│ WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE             │
+│ AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL         │
+│ DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR        │
+│ PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER               │
+│ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
+│ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
+╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#include "libc/calls/internal.h"
+#include "libc/calls/ioctl.h"
+#include "libc/sysv/consts/o.h"
+#include "libc/sysv/errfuns.h"
+
+textwindows int ioctl_fioclex_nt(int fd) {
+  if (__isfdopen(fd)) {
+    g_fds.p[fd].flags |= O_CLOEXEC;
+    return 0;
+  } else {
+    return ebadf();
+  }
+}

libc/calls/ioctl_fioclex.c

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+/*-*- mode:c;indent-tabs-mode:nil;c-basic-offset:2;tab-width:8;coding:utf-8 -*-│
+│vi: set net ft=c ts=2 sts=2 sw=2 fenc=utf-8                                :vi│
+╞══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╡
+│ Copyright 2021 Justine Alexandra Roberts Tunney                              │
+│                                                                              │
+│ Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for         │
+│ any purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the         │
+│ above copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.      │
+│                                                                              │
+│ THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL                │
+│ WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED                │
+│ WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE             │
+│ AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL         │
+│ DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR        │
+│ PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER               │
+│ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
+│ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
+╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#include "libc/calls/internal.h"
+#include "libc/calls/ioctl.h"
+#include "libc/dce.h"
+
+int ioctl_fioclex_nt(int);
+
+/**
+ * Sets "close on exec" on file descriptor the fast way.
+ *
+ * @see ioctl(fd, FIOCLEX, 0) dispatches here
+ */
+int ioctl_fioclex(int fd) {
+  if (!IsWindows()) {
+    return sys_ioctl(fd, FIOCLEX, 0);
+  } else {
+    return ioctl_fioclex_nt(fd);
+  }
+}

libc/calls/ioctl_fionclex-nt.c

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+/*-*- mode:c;indent-tabs-mode:nil;c-basic-offset:2;tab-width:8;coding:utf-8 -*-│
+│vi: set net ft=c ts=2 sts=2 sw=2 fenc=utf-8                                :vi│
+╞══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╡
+│ Copyright 2021 Justine Alexandra Roberts Tunney                              │
+│                                                                              │
+│ Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for         │
+│ any purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the         │
+│ above copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.      │
+│                                                                              │
+│ THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL                │
+│ WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED                │
+│ WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE             │
+│ AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL         │
+│ DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR        │
+│ PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER               │
+│ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
+│ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
+╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#include "libc/calls/internal.h"
+#include "libc/calls/ioctl.h"
+#include "libc/sysv/consts/o.h"
+#include "libc/sysv/errfuns.h"
+
+textwindows int ioctl_fionclex_nt(int fd) {
+  if (__isfdopen(fd)) {
+    g_fds.p[fd].flags &= ~O_CLOEXEC;
+    return 0;
+  } else {
+    return ebadf();
+  }
+}

libc/calls/ioctl_fionclex.c

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+/*-*- mode:c;indent-tabs-mode:nil;c-basic-offset:2;tab-width:8;coding:utf-8 -*-│
+│vi: set net ft=c ts=2 sts=2 sw=2 fenc=utf-8                                :vi│
+╞══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╡
+│ Copyright 2021 Justine Alexandra Roberts Tunney                              │
+│                                                                              │
+│ Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for         │
+│ any purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the         │
+│ above copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.      │
+│                                                                              │
+│ THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL                │
+│ WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED                │
+│ WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE             │
+│ AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL         │
+│ DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR        │
+│ PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER               │
+│ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
+│ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
+╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#include "libc/calls/internal.h"
+#include "libc/calls/ioctl.h"
+#include "libc/dce.h"
+
+int ioctl_fionclex_nt(int);
+
+/**
+ * Clears "close on exec" on file descriptor the fast way.
+ *
+ * @see ioctl(fd, FIONCLEX, 0) dispatches here
+ */
+int ioctl_fionclex(int fd) {
+  if (!IsWindows()) {
+    return sys_ioctl(fd, FIONCLEX, 0);
+  } else {
+    return ioctl_fionclex_nt(fd);
+  }
+}

libc/calls/ioctl_siocgifconf-nt.c

@@ -0,0 +1,404 @@
+/*-*- mode:c;indent-tabs-mode:nil;c-basic-offset:2;tab-width:8;coding:utf-8 -*-│
+│vi: set net ft=c ts=2 sts=2 sw=2 fenc=utf-8                                :vi│
+╞══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╡
+│ Copyright 2020 Justine Alexandra Roberts Tunney                              │
+│                                                                              │
+│ Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for         │
+│ any purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the         │
+│ above copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.      │
+│                                                                              │
+│ THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL                │
+│ WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED                │
+│ WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE             │
+│ AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL         │
+│ DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR        │
+│ PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER               │
+│ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
+│ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
+╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#include "libc/assert.h"
+#include "libc/bits/weaken.h"
+#include "libc/calls/calls.h"
+#include "libc/calls/internal.h"
+#include "libc/nt/errors.h"
+#include "libc/nt/iphlpapi.h"
+#include "libc/nt/runtime.h"
+#include "libc/nt/struct/ipadapteraddresses.h"
+#include "libc/nt/winsock.h"
+#include "libc/sock/internal.h"
+#include "libc/sock/sock.h"
+#include "libc/str/str.h"
+#include "libc/sysv/consts/af.h"
+#include "libc/sysv/consts/iff.h"
+#include "libc/sysv/consts/o.h"
+#include "libc/sysv/errfuns.h"
+
+/* Maximum number of unicast addresses handled for each interface */
+#define MAX_UNICAST_ADDR 32
+#define MAX_NAME_CLASH   ((int)('z' - 'a')) /* Allow a..z */
+
+struct HostAdapterInfoNode {
+  struct HostAdapterInfoNode *next;
+  char name[IFNAMSIZ]; /* Obtained from FriendlyName */
+  struct sockaddr unicast;
+  struct sockaddr netmask;
+  struct sockaddr broadcast;
+  short flags;
+} * __hostInfo;
+
+/* Frees all the nodes of the _hostInfo */
+static void freeHostInfo(void) {
+  struct HostAdapterInfoNode *next, *node = __hostInfo;
+  if (weaken(free)) {
+    while (node) {
+      next = node->next;
+      weaken(free)(node);
+      node = next;
+    }
+  }
+  __hostInfo = NULL;
+}
+
+/* Given a short adapter name, look into __hostInfo to see if there is
+ * an adapter with the same name. Returns the pointer to the HostAdapterInfoNode
+ * if found, or NULL if not found
+ */
+static struct HostAdapterInfoNode *findAdapterByName(const char *name) {
+  struct HostAdapterInfoNode *node = __hostInfo;
+  while (node) {
+    if (!strncmp(name, node->name, IFNAMSIZ)) {
+      return node;
+    }
+    node = node->next;
+  }
+  return NULL;
+}
+
+/* Creates a new HostAdapterInfoNode object, initializes it from
+ * the given adapter, unicast address and address prefixes
+ * and insert it in the __hostInfo.
+ * Increments the pointers to the unicast addresses and
+ * the address prefixes
+ * Returns NULL if an error occurred or the newly created
+ * HostAdapterInfoNode object (last in the list)
+ */
+struct HostAdapterInfoNode *appendHostInfo(
+    struct HostAdapterInfoNode *parentInfoNode,
+    const char *baseName, /* Max length = IFNAMSIZ-1 */
+    const struct NtIpAdapterAddresses
+        *aa, /* Top level adapter object being processed */
+    struct NtIpAdapterUnicastAddress *
+        *ptrUA, /* Ptr to ptr to unicast address list node */
+    struct NtIpAdapterPrefix *
+        *ptrAP,  /* Ptr to ptr to Adapter prefix list node */
+    int count) { /* count is used to create a unique name in case of alias */
+
+  struct HostAdapterInfoNode *temp;
+  struct HostAdapterInfoNode *node;
+  uint32_t ip, netmask, broadcast;
+  struct sockaddr_in *a;
+  int attemptNum;
+
+  if (!weaken(calloc) || !(node = weaken(calloc)(1, sizeof(*node)))) {
+    errno = ENOMEM;
+    return NULL;
+  }
+
+  memcpy(node->name, baseName, IFNAMSIZ);
+
+  /* Are there more than a single unicast address ? */
+  if (count > 0 || ((*ptrUA)->Next != NULL)) {
+    /* Yes, compose it using <baseName>:<count> */
+    size_t nameLen = strlen(node->name);
+    if (nameLen + 2 > IFNAMSIZ - 2) {
+      /* Appending the ":x" will exceed the size, need to chop the end */
+      nameLen -= 2;
+    }
+    node->name[nameLen - 2] = ':';
+    node->name[nameLen - 1] = '0' + count;
+    node->name[nameLen] = '\0';
+  }
+
+  /* Is there a name clash with other interfaces? */
+  for (attemptNum = 0; attemptNum < MAX_NAME_CLASH; ++attemptNum) {
+    temp = findAdapterByName(node->name);
+    if (!temp) {
+      break;
+    } else {
+      /* Yes, this name has been already used, append an extra
+       * character to resolve conflict. Note since the max length
+       * of the string now is IFNAMSIZ-2, we have just enough space for this.
+       * E.g. 'Ethernet_1' -> 'Ethernet_1a'
+       */
+      size_t pos = strlen(node->name);
+      node->name[pos] = 'a' + attemptNum;
+      node->name[pos + 1] = '\0';
+      /* Try again */
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (attemptNum == MAX_NAME_CLASH) {
+    /* Cannot resolve the conflict */
+    if (weaken(free)) {
+      weaken(free)(node);
+    }
+    errno = EEXIST;
+    return NULL;
+  }
+
+  /* Finally we got a unique short and friendly name */
+  node->unicast = *((*ptrUA)->Address.lpSockaddr);
+  if (*ptrUA == aa->FirstUnicastAddress) {
+    short flags;
+    /* This is the first unicast address of this interface
+     * calculate the flags for this adapter. Flags to consider:
+     * IFF_UP
+     * IFF_BROADCAST        ** TODO: We need to validate
+     * IFF_LOOPBACK
+     * IFF_POINTOPOINT
+     * IFF_MULTICAST
+     * IFF_RUNNING          ** Same as IFF_UP for now
+     * IFF_PROMISC          ** NOT SUPPORTED, unknown how to retrieve it
+     */
+    flags = 0;
+    if (aa->OperStatus == kNtIfOperStatusUp) flags |= IFF_UP | IFF_RUNNING;
+    if (aa->IfType == kNtIfTypePpp) flags |= IFF_POINTOPOINT;
+    if (!(aa->Flags & kNtIpAdapterNoMulticast)) flags |= IFF_MULTICAST;
+    if (aa->IfType == kNtIfTypeSoftwareLoopback) flags |= IFF_LOOPBACK;
+    if (aa->FirstPrefix) flags |= IFF_BROADCAST;
+    node->flags = flags;
+  } else {
+    /* Copy from previous node */
+    node->flags = parentInfoNode->flags;
+  }
+
+  ip = ntohl(
+      ((struct sockaddr_in *)(*ptrUA)->Address.lpSockaddr)->sin_addr.s_addr);
+  netmask = (uint32_t)-1 << (32 - (*ptrUA)->OnLinkPrefixLength);
+  broadcast = (ip & netmask) | (~netmask & -1);
+
+  a = (struct sockaddr_in *)&node->netmask;
+  a->sin_family = AF_INET;
+  a->sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(netmask);
+
+  a = (struct sockaddr_in *)&node->broadcast;
+  a->sin_family = AF_INET;
+  a->sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(broadcast);
+
+  /* Process the prefix and extract the netmask and broadcast */
+  /* According to the doc:
+   *
+   *     On Windows Vista and later, the linked IP_ADAPTER_PREFIX
+   *     structures pointed to by the FirstPrefix member include three
+   *     IP adapter prefixes for each IP address assigned to the
+   *     adapter. These include the host IP address prefix, the subnet
+   *     IP address prefix, and the subnet broadcast IP address prefix.
+   *     In addition, for each adapter there is a multicast address
+   *     prefix and a broadcast address prefix.
+   *                   -Source: MSDN on IP_ADAPTER_ADDRESSES_LH
+   *
+   * For example, interface "Ethernet", with 2 unicast addresses:
+   *
+   *  - 192.168.1.84
+   *  - 192.168.5.99
+   *
+   * The Prefix list has 8 elements:
+   *
+   *  #1: 192.168.1.0/24      <- Network, use the PrefixLength for netmask
+   *  #2: 192.168.1.84/32     <- Host IP
+   *  #3: 192.168.1.255/32    <- Subnet broadcast
+   *
+   *  #4: 192.168.5.0/24      <- Network
+   *  #5: 192.168.5.99/32     <- Host IP
+   *  #6: 192.168.5.255/32    <- Subnet broadcast
+   *
+   *  #7: 224.0.0.0/4         <- Multicast
+   *  #8: 255.255.255.255/32  <- Broadcast
+   */
+
+  if (ptrAP && *ptrAP) {
+    *ptrAP = (*ptrAP)->Next; /* skip net ip */
+    if (*ptrAP) {
+      *ptrAP = (*ptrAP)->Next; /* skip host ip */
+      if (*ptrAP) {
+        node->broadcast = *((*ptrAP)->Address.lpSockaddr);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  *ptrUA = (*ptrUA)->Next;
+
+  /* Append this node to the last node (if any) */
+  if (parentInfoNode) {
+    parentInfoNode->next = node;
+  }
+
+  /* Success */
+  return node;
+}
+
+/* Returns -1 in case of failure */
+static int createHostInfo(struct NtIpAdapterAddresses *firstAdapter) {
+  struct NtIpAdapterAddresses *aa;
+  struct NtIpAdapterUnicastAddress *ua;
+  struct NtIpAdapterPrefix *ap;
+  struct HostAdapterInfoNode *node = NULL;
+  char baseName[IFNAMSIZ];
+  char name[IFNAMSIZ];
+  int count, i;
+
+  /* __hostInfo must be empty */
+  assert(__hostInfo == NULL);
+
+  for (aa = firstAdapter; aa; aa = aa->Next) {
+    /* Skip all the interfaces with no address and the ones that are not AF_INET
+     */
+    if (!aa->FirstUnicastAddress ||
+        aa->FirstUnicastAddress->Address.lpSockaddr->sa_family != AF_INET) {
+      continue;
+    }
+
+    /* Use max IFNAMSIZ-1 chars, leave the last char for eventual conficts */
+    tprecode16to8(baseName, IFNAMSIZ - 1, aa->FriendlyName);
+    baseName[IFNAMSIZ - 2] = '\0';
+    /* Replace any space with a '_' */
+    for (i = 0; i < IFNAMSIZ - 2; ++i) {
+      if (baseName[i] == ' ') baseName[i] = '_';
+      if (!baseName[i]) break;
+    }
+    for (count = 0, ua = aa->FirstUnicastAddress, ap = aa->FirstPrefix;
+         (ua != NULL) && (count < MAX_UNICAST_ADDR); ++count) {
+      node = appendHostInfo(node, baseName, aa, &ua, &ap, count);
+      if (!node) goto err;
+      if (!__hostInfo) __hostInfo = node;
+    }
+
+    /* Note: do we need to process the remaining adapter prefix?
+     *      ap       - points to broadcast addr
+     *      ap->Next - points to interface multicast addr
+     * Ignoring them for now
+     */
+  }
+  return 0;
+
+err:
+  freeHostInfo();
+  return -1;
+}
+
+static int readAdapterAddresses(void) {
+  uint32_t size, rc;
+  struct NtIpAdapterAddresses *aa = NULL;
+
+  /* Calculate the required data size
+   * Note: alternatively you can use AF_UNSPEC to also return IPv6 interfaces
+   */
+  rc = GetAdaptersAddresses(AF_INET,
+                            kNtGaaFlagSkipAnycast | kNtGaaFlagSkipMulticast |
+                                kNtGaaFlagSkipDnsServer |
+                                kNtGaaFlagIncludePrefix,
+                            NULL, /* Reserved */
+                            NULL, /* Ptr */
+                            &size);
+  if (rc != kNtErrorBufferOverflow) {
+    ebadf();
+    goto err;
+  }
+
+  if (!weaken(malloc) ||
+      !(aa = (struct NtIpAdapterAddresses *)weaken(malloc)(size))) {
+    enomem();
+    goto err;
+  }
+
+  /* Re-run GetAdaptersAddresses this time with a valid buffer */
+  rc = GetAdaptersAddresses(AF_INET,
+                            kNtGaaFlagSkipAnycast | kNtGaaFlagSkipMulticast |
+                                kNtGaaFlagSkipDnsServer |
+                                kNtGaaFlagIncludePrefix,
+                            // kNtGaaFlagIncludePrefix,
+                            NULL, aa, &size);
+  if (rc != kNtErrorSuccess) {
+    errno = GetLastError();
+    goto err;
+  }
+  if (createHostInfo(aa) == -1) {
+    goto err;
+  }
+
+  if (weaken(free)) {
+    weaken(free)(aa);
+  }
+  return 0;
+
+err:
+  if (weaken(free)) {
+    weaken(free)(aa);
+  }
+  freeHostInfo();
+  return -1;
+}
+
+textwindows int ioctl_siocgifconf_nt(int fd, struct ifconf *ifc) {
+  struct NtIpAdapterAddresses *aa;
+  struct HostAdapterInfoNode *node;
+  struct ifreq *ptr;
+
+  if (__hostInfo) {
+    freeHostInfo();
+  }
+
+  if (readAdapterAddresses() == -1) {
+    return -1;
+  }
+
+  for (ptr = ifc->ifc_req, node = __hostInfo;
+       (((char *)(ptr + 1) - ifc->ifc_buf) < ifc->ifc_len) && node;
+       ptr++, node = node->next) {
+    memcpy(ptr->ifr_name, node->name, IFNAMSIZ);
+    memcpy(&ptr->ifr_addr, &node->unicast, sizeof(struct sockaddr));
+  }
+  ifc->ifc_len = (char *)ptr - ifc->ifc_buf;
+
+  return 0;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Returns unicast addresses.
+ */
+int ioctl_siocgifaddr_nt(int fd, struct ifreq *ifr) {
+  struct HostAdapterInfoNode *node;
+  node = findAdapterByName(ifr->ifr_name);
+  if (!node) return ebadf();
+  memcpy(&ifr->ifr_addr, &node->unicast, sizeof(struct sockaddr));
+  return 0;
+}
+
+/* Performs the SIOCGIFFLAGS operation */
+int ioctl_siocgifflags_nt(int fd, struct ifreq *ifr) {
+  struct HostAdapterInfoNode *node;
+  node = findAdapterByName(ifr->ifr_name);
+  if (!node) return ebadf();
+  ifr->ifr_flags = node->flags;
+  return 0;
+}
+
+/* Performs the SIOCGIFNETMASK operation */
+int ioctl_siocgifnetmask_nt(int fd, struct ifreq *ifr) {
+  struct HostAdapterInfoNode *node;
+  node = findAdapterByName(ifr->ifr_name);
+  if (!node) return ebadf();
+  memcpy(&ifr->ifr_netmask, &node->netmask, sizeof(struct sockaddr));
+  return 0;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Returns broadcast address.
+ */
+int ioctl_siocgifbrdaddr_nt(int fd, struct ifreq *ifr) {
+  struct HostAdapterInfoNode *node;
+  node = findAdapterByName(ifr->ifr_name);
+  if (!node) return ebadf();
+  memcpy(&ifr->ifr_broadaddr, &node->broadcast, sizeof(struct sockaddr));
+  return 0;
+}

libc/calls/ioctl_siocgifconf.c

@@ -0,0 +1,159 @@
+/*-*- mode:c;indent-tabs-mode:nil;c-basic-offset:2;tab-width:8;coding:utf-8 -*-│
+│vi: set net ft=c ts=2 sts=2 sw=2 fenc=utf-8                                :vi│
+╞══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╡
+│ Copyright 2020 Justine Alexandra Roberts Tunney                              │
+│                                                                              │
+│ Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for         │
+│ any purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the         │
+│ above copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.      │
+│                                                                              │
+│ THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL                │
+│ WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED                │
+│ WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE             │
+│ AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL         │
+│ DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR        │
+│ PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER               │
+│ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
+│ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
+╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#include "libc/assert.h"
+#include "libc/bits/weaken.h"
+#include "libc/calls/internal.h"
+#include "libc/sock/internal.h"
+#include "libc/sock/sock.h"
+#include "libc/str/str.h"
+#include "libc/sysv/consts/af.h"
+#include "libc/sysv/consts/sio.h"
+#include "libc/sysv/errfuns.h"
+
+/* SIOCGIFCONF:
+ * Takes an struct ifconf object of a given size
+ * Modifies the following:
+ *  - ifc_len: set it to the number of valid ifreq structures representing
+ *    the interfaces
+ *  - ifc_ifcu.ifcu_req: sets the name of the interface for each interface
+ * The ifc_len is an input/output parameter: set it to the total size of
+ * the ifcu_buf (ifcu_req) buffer on input.
+ */
+int ioctl_default(int, uint64_t, void *) hidden;
+int ioctl_siocgifconf_nt(int, struct ifconf *) hidden;
+int ioctl_siocgifaddr_nt(int, struct ifreq *) hidden;
+int ioctl_siocgifflags_nt(int, struct ifreq *) hidden;
+int ioctl_siocgifnetmask_nt(int, struct ifreq *) hidden;
+int ioctl_siocgifbrdaddr_nt(int, struct ifreq *) hidden;
+
+static int ioctl_siocgifconf_sysv(int fd, struct ifconf *ifc) {
+  /*
+   * We're 100% compatible with Linux.
+   * BSD ABIs mainly differ by having sockaddr::sa_len
+   * XNU uses a 32-bit length in a struct that's packed!
+   */
+  int i, rc, fam;
+  char *b, *p, *e;
+  char ifcBsd[16];
+  struct ifreq *req;
+  struct ifreq *end;
+  uint32_t bufLen, ip;
+  size_t numReq, bufMax;
+  if (IsLinux()) return sys_ioctl(fd, SIOCGIFCONF, ifc);
+  if (!weaken(malloc)) return enomem();
+  bufMax = 15000; /* conservative guesstimate */
+  if (!(b = weaken(malloc)(bufMax))) return enomem();
+  memcpy(ifcBsd, &bufMax, 8);                /* ifc_len */
+  memcpy(ifcBsd + (IsXnu() ? 4 : 8), &b, 8); /* ifc_buf */
+  if ((rc = sys_ioctl(fd, SIOCGIFCONF, &ifcBsd)) != -1) {
+    /*
+     * On XNU the size of the struct ifreq is different than Linux.
+     * On Linux is fixed (40 bytes), but on XNU the struct sockaddr
+     * has variable length, making the whole struct ifreq a variable
+     * sized record.
+     */
+    memcpy(&bufLen, b, 4);
+    req = ifc->ifc_req;
+    end = req + ifc->ifc_len / sizeof(*req);
+    for (p = b, e = p + MIN(bufMax, READ32LE(ifcBsd)); p + 16 + 16 <= e;
+         p += IsBsd() ? 16 + MAX(16, p[16] & 255) : 40) {
+      fam = p[IsBsd() ? 17 : 16] & 255;
+      if (fam != AF_INET) continue;
+      ip = READ32BE(p + 20);
+      memset(req, 0, sizeof(*req));
+      memcpy(req->ifr_name, p, 16);
+      memcpy(&req->ifr_addr, p + 16, 16);
+      req->ifr_addr.sa_family = fam;
+      ((struct sockaddr_in *)&req->ifr_addr)->sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(ip);
+      ++req;
+    }
+    ifc->ifc_len = (char *)req - ifc->ifc_buf; /* Adjust len */
+  }
+  if (weaken(free)) weaken(free)(b);
+  return rc;
+}
+
+/* Used for all the ioctl that returns sockaddr structure that
+ * requires adjustment between Linux and XNU
+ */
+static int ioctl_siocgifaddr_sysv(int fd, uint64_t op, struct ifreq *ifr) {
+  if (sys_ioctl(fd, op, ifr) == -1) return -1;
+  if (IsBsd()) sockaddr2linux(&ifr->ifr_addr);
+  return 0;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Returns information about network interfaces.
+ *
+ * @see ioctl(fd, SIOCGIFCONF, tio) dispatches here
+ */
+int ioctl_siocgifconf(int fd, void *ifc) {
+  if (!IsWindows()) {
+    return ioctl_siocgifconf_sysv(fd, (struct ifconf *)ifc);
+  } else {
+    return ioctl_siocgifconf_nt(fd, ifc);
+  }
+}
+
+int ioctl_siocgifaddr(int fd, void *ifr) {
+  if (!IsWindows()) {
+    return ioctl_siocgifaddr_sysv(fd, SIOCGIFADDR, (struct ifreq *)ifr);
+  } else {
+    return ioctl_siocgifaddr_nt(fd, (struct ifreq *)ifr);
+  }
+}
+
+int ioctl_siocgifnetmask(int fd, void *ifr) {
+  if (!IsWindows()) {
+    return ioctl_siocgifaddr_sysv(fd, SIOCGIFNETMASK, (struct ifreq *)ifr);
+  } else {
+    return ioctl_siocgifnetmask_nt(fd, (struct ifreq *)ifr);
+  }
+}
+
+int ioctl_siocgifbrdaddr(int fd, void *ifr) {
+  if (!IsWindows()) {
+    return ioctl_siocgifaddr_sysv(fd, SIOCGIFBRDADDR, (struct ifreq *)ifr);
+  } else {
+    return ioctl_siocgifbrdaddr_nt(fd, (struct ifreq *)ifr);
+  }
+}
+
+int ioctl_siocgifdstaddr(int fd, void *ifr) {
+  if (!IsWindows()) {
+    return ioctl_siocgifaddr_sysv(fd, SIOCGIFDSTADDR, (struct ifreq *)ifr);
+  } else {
+    return enotsup();
+    /* Not supported - Unknown how to find out how to retrieve the destination
+     * address of a PPP from the interface list returned by the
+     * GetAdaptersAddresses function
+     *
+    return ioctl_siocgifdstaddr_nt(fd, ifc);
+     */
+  }
+}
+
+int ioctl_siocgifflags(int fd, void *ifr) {
+  if (!IsWindows()) {
+    /* Both XNU and Linux are for once compatible here... */
+    return ioctl_default(fd, SIOCGIFFLAGS, ifr);
+  } else {
+    return ioctl_siocgifflags_nt(fd, (struct ifreq *)ifr);
+  }
+}

libc/calls/ioctl_tcgets-nt.c

@@ -41,7 +41,8 @@ textwindows int ioctl_tcgets_nt(int ignored, struct termios *tio) {
       if (inmode & kNtEnableProcessedInput) tio->c_lflag |= IEXTEN | ISIG;
     }
     if (outok) {
-      if (inmode & kNtEnableProcessedInput) tio->c_lflag |= IEXTEN | ISIG;
+      if (outmode & kNtEnableProcessedOutput) tio->c_oflag |= OPOST;
+      if (!(outmode & kNtDisableNewlineAutoReturn)) tio->c_oflag |= ONLCR;
     }
     return 0;
   } else {

libc/calls/ioctl_tcsets-nt.c

@@ -51,8 +51,8 @@ textwindows int ioctl_tcsets_nt(int ignored, uint64_t request,
     }
     if (outok) {
       outmode |= kNtEnableWrapAtEolOutput;
-      outmode |= kNtEnableProcessedOutput;
-      if (!(tio->c_oflag & OPOST)) outmode |= kNtDisableNewlineAutoReturn;
+      if (tio->c_oflag & OPOST) outmode |= kNtEnableProcessedOutput;
+      if (!(tio->c_oflag & ONLCR)) outmode |= kNtDisableNewlineAutoReturn;
       if (NtGetVersion() >= kNtVersionWindows10) {
         outmode |= kNtEnableVirtualTerminalProcessing;
       }

libc/calls/ipc.h

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+#ifndef COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_CALLS_IPC_H_
+#define COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_CALLS_IPC_H_
+
+#define IPC_PRIVATE 0
+#define IPC_RMID    0
+#define IPC_SET     1
+#define IPC_STAT    2
+#define IPC_INFO    3
+#define IPC_CREAT   01000
+#define IPC_EXCL    02000
+#define IPC_NOWAIT  04000
+
+#if !(__ASSEMBLER__ + __LINKER__ + 0)
+COSMOPOLITAN_C_START_
+
+int ftok(const char *, int);
+
+COSMOPOLITAN_C_END_
+#endif /* !(__ASSEMBLER__ + __LINKER__ + 0) */
+#endif /* COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_CALLS_IPC_H_ */

libc/calls/kill-nt.c

@@ -16,41 +16,37 @@
 │ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
 │ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#include "libc/calls/getconsolectrlevent.h"
 #include "libc/calls/internal.h"
 #include "libc/dce.h"
 #include "libc/macros.internal.h"
 #include "libc/nt/console.h"
 #include "libc/nt/enum/ctrlevent.h"
+#include "libc/nt/enum/processaccess.h"
 #include "libc/nt/process.h"
+#include "libc/nt/runtime.h"
 #include "libc/sysv/errfuns.h"
 
 textwindows int sys_kill_nt(int pid, int sig) {
-  int target;
-  uint32_t event;
-  if (!pid) return raise(sig);
-  if ((pid > 0 && __isfdkind(pid, kFdProcess)) ||
-      (pid < 0 && __isfdkind(-pid, kFdProcess))) {
-    target = GetProcessId(g_fds.p[ABS(pid)].handle);
-  } else {
-    target = pid;
-  }
-  if (target == GetCurrentProcessId()) {
-    return raise(sig);
-  } else {
-    switch (sig) {
-      case SIGINT:
-        event = kNtCtrlCEvent;
-      case SIGHUP:
-        event = kNtCtrlCloseEvent;
-      case SIGQUIT:
-        event = kNtCtrlBreakEvent;
-      default:
-        return einval();
-    }
-    if (GenerateConsoleCtrlEvent(event, target)) {
-      return 0;
+  bool ok;
+  int event;
+  int64_t handle;
+  if (pid) {
+    pid = ABS(pid);
+    if ((event = GetConsoleCtrlEvent(sig)) != -1) {
+      ok = !!GenerateConsoleCtrlEvent(
+          event, __isfdkind(pid, kFdProcess) ? GetProcessId(g_fds.p[pid].handle)
+                                             : pid);
+    } else if (__isfdkind(pid, kFdProcess)) {
+      ok = !!TerminateProcess(g_fds.p[pid].handle, 128 + sig);
+    } else if ((handle = OpenProcess(kNtProcessAllAccess, false, pid))) {
+      ok = !!TerminateProcess(handle, 128 + sig);
+      CloseHandle(handle);
     } else {
-      return __winerr();
+      ok = false;
     }
+    return ok ? 0 : __winerr();
+  } else {
+    return raise(sig);
   }
 }

libc/calls/kill.c

@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@
  *     <-1 signals all processes in -pid process group
  * @param sig can be:
  *      >0 can be SIGINT, SIGTERM, SIGKILL, SIGUSR1, etc.
- *      =0 is for error checking
+ *      =0 checks both if pid exists and we can signal it
  * @return 0 if something was accomplished, or -1 w/ errno
  * @asyncsignalsafe
  */

libc/calls/lseek.c

@@ -16,9 +16,11 @@
 │ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
 │ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#include "libc/bits/weaken.h"
 #include "libc/calls/calls.h"
 #include "libc/calls/internal.h"
 #include "libc/dce.h"
+#include "libc/zipos/zipos.internal.h"
 
 /**
  * Changes current position of file descriptor/handle.
@@ -30,7 +32,10 @@
  * @asyncsignalsafe
  */
 int64_t lseek(int fd, int64_t offset, unsigned whence) {
-  if (!IsWindows() && !IsOpenbsd() && !IsNetbsd()) {
+  if (fd < g_fds.n && g_fds.p[fd].kind == kFdZip) {
+    return weaken(__zipos_lseek)(
+        (struct ZiposHandle *)(intptr_t)g_fds.p[fd].handle, offset, whence);
+  } else if (!IsWindows() && !IsOpenbsd() && !IsNetbsd()) {
     return sys_lseek(fd, offset, whence, 0);
   } else if (IsOpenbsd() || IsNetbsd()) {
     return sys_lseek(fd, offset, offset, whence);

libc/calls/makedev.h

@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+#ifndef COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_CALLS_MAKEDEV_H_
+#define COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_CALLS_MAKEDEV_H_
+#include "libc/dce.h"
+#if !(__ASSEMBLER__ + __LINKER__ + 0)
+
+static inline uint64_t major(uint64_t x) {
+  if (IsXnu()) {
+    return (x >> 24) & 0xff;
+  } else if (IsNetbsd()) {
+    return (x & 0x000fff00) >> 8;
+  } else if (IsOpenbsd()) {
+    return (x >> 8) & 0xff;
+  } else if (IsFreebsd()) {
+    return ((x >> 32) & 0xffffff00) | ((x >> 8) & 0x000000ff);
+  } else {
+    return ((x >> 32) & 0xfffff000) | ((x >> 8) & 0x00000fff);
+  }
+}
+
+static inline uint64_t minor(uint64_t x) {
+  if (IsXnu()) {
+    return x & 0x00ffffff;
+  } else if (IsNetbsd()) {
+    return (x & 0x000000ff) | (x & 0xfff00000) >> 12;
+  } else if (IsOpenbsd()) {
+    return (x & 0x000000ff) | (x & 0x0ffff000) >> 8;
+  } else if (IsFreebsd()) {
+    return ((x >> 24) & 0x0000ff00) | (x & 0xffff00ff);
+  } else {
+    return ((x >> 12) & 0xffffff00) | (x & 0x000000ff);
+  }
+}
+
+static inline uint64_t makedev(uint64_t x, uint64_t y) {
+  if (IsXnu()) {
+    return x << 24 | y;
+  } else if (IsNetbsd()) {
+    return ((x << 8) & 0x000fff00) | ((y << 12) & 0xfff00000u) |
+           (y & 0x000000ff);
+  } else if (IsOpenbsd()) {
+    return (x & 0xff) << 8 | (y & 0xff) | (y & 0xffff00) << 8;
+  } else if (IsFreebsd()) {
+    return (x & 0xffffff00) << 32 | (x & 0x000000ff) << 8 |
+           (y & 0x0000ff00) << 24 | (y & 0xffff00ff);
+  } else {
+    return (x & 0xfffff000) << 32 | (x & 0x00000fff) << 8 |
+           (y & 0xffffff00) << 12 | (y & 0x000000ff);
+  }
+}
+
+#define major(x)      major(x)
+#define minor(x)      minor(x)
+#define makedev(x, y) makedev(x, y)
+
+#endif /* !(__ASSEMBLER__ + __LINKER__ + 0) */
+#endif /* COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_CALLS_MAKEDEV_H_ */

libc/calls/math.h

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+#ifndef COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_CALLS_MATH_H_
+#define COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_CALLS_MATH_H_
+#include "libc/calls/struct/rusage.h"
+#include "libc/calls/struct/timeval.h"
+#if !(__ASSEMBLER__ + __LINKER__ + 0)
+COSMOPOLITAN_C_START_
+
+void AddTimeval(struct timeval *, const struct timeval *);
+void AddRusage(struct rusage *, const struct rusage *);
+
+COSMOPOLITAN_C_END_
+#endif /* !(__ASSEMBLER__ + __LINKER__ + 0) */
+#endif /* COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_CALLS_MATH_H_ */

libc/calls/metaflock.c

@@ -0,0 +1,164 @@
+/*-*- mode:c;indent-tabs-mode:nil;c-basic-offset:2;tab-width:8;coding:utf-8 -*-│
+│vi: set net ft=c ts=2 sts=2 sw=2 fenc=utf-8                                :vi│
+╞══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╡
+│ Copyright 2021 Justine Alexandra Roberts Tunney                              │
+│                                                                              │
+│ Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for         │
+│ any purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the         │
+│ above copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.      │
+│                                                                              │
+│ THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL                │
+│ WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED                │
+│ WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE             │
+│ AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL         │
+│ DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR        │
+│ PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER               │
+│ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
+│ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
+╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#include "libc/calls/internal.h"
+#include "libc/calls/struct/flock.h"
+
+union metaflock {
+  struct flock cosmo;
+  struct flock_linux {
+    int16_t l_type;
+    int16_t l_whence;
+    int64_t l_start;
+    int64_t l_len;
+    int32_t l_pid;
+  } linux;
+  struct flock_xnu {
+    int64_t l_start;
+    int64_t l_len;
+    int32_t l_pid;
+    int16_t l_type;
+    int16_t l_whence;
+  } xnu;
+  struct flock_freebsd {
+    int64_t l_start;
+    int64_t l_len;
+    int32_t l_pid;
+    int16_t l_type;
+    int16_t l_whence;
+    int32_t l_sysid;
+  } freebsd;
+  struct flock_openbsd {
+    int64_t l_start;
+    int64_t l_len;
+    int32_t l_pid;
+    int16_t l_type;
+    int16_t l_whence;
+  } openbsd;
+  struct flock_netbsd {
+    int64_t l_start;
+    int64_t l_len;
+    int32_t l_pid;
+    int16_t l_type;
+    int16_t l_whence;
+  } netbsd;
+};
+
+void flock2cosmo(uintptr_t memory) {
+  int64_t l_start;
+  int64_t l_len;
+  int32_t l_pid;
+  int16_t l_type;
+  int16_t l_whence;
+  int32_t l_sysid;
+  union metaflock *u;
+  u = (union metaflock *)memory;
+  if (IsLinux()) {
+    l_start = u->linux.l_start;
+    l_len = u->linux.l_len;
+    l_pid = u->linux.l_pid;
+    l_type = u->linux.l_type;
+    l_whence = u->linux.l_whence;
+    l_sysid = 0;
+  } else if (IsXnu()) {
+    l_start = u->xnu.l_start;
+    l_len = u->xnu.l_len;
+    l_pid = u->xnu.l_pid;
+    l_type = u->xnu.l_type;
+    l_whence = u->xnu.l_whence;
+    l_sysid = 0;
+  } else if (IsFreebsd()) {
+    l_start = u->freebsd.l_start;
+    l_len = u->freebsd.l_len;
+    l_pid = u->freebsd.l_pid;
+    l_type = u->freebsd.l_type;
+    l_whence = u->freebsd.l_whence;
+    l_sysid = u->freebsd.l_sysid;
+  } else if (IsOpenbsd()) {
+    l_start = u->openbsd.l_start;
+    l_len = u->openbsd.l_len;
+    l_pid = u->openbsd.l_pid;
+    l_type = u->openbsd.l_type;
+    l_whence = u->openbsd.l_whence;
+    l_sysid = 0;
+  } else if (IsNetbsd()) {
+    l_start = u->netbsd.l_start;
+    l_len = u->netbsd.l_len;
+    l_pid = u->netbsd.l_pid;
+    l_type = u->netbsd.l_type;
+    l_whence = u->netbsd.l_whence;
+    l_sysid = 0;
+  } else {
+    return;
+  }
+  u->cosmo.l_start = l_start;
+  u->cosmo.l_len = l_len;
+  u->cosmo.l_pid = l_pid;
+  u->cosmo.l_type = l_type;
+  u->cosmo.l_whence = l_whence;
+  u->cosmo.l_sysid = l_sysid;
+}
+
+void cosmo2flock(uintptr_t memory) {
+  int64_t l_start;
+  int64_t l_len;
+  int32_t l_pid;
+  int16_t l_type;
+  int16_t l_whence;
+  int32_t l_sysid;
+  union metaflock *u;
+  u = (union metaflock *)memory;
+  l_start = u->cosmo.l_start;
+  l_len = u->cosmo.l_len;
+  l_pid = u->cosmo.l_pid;
+  l_type = u->cosmo.l_type;
+  l_whence = u->cosmo.l_whence;
+  l_sysid = u->cosmo.l_sysid;
+  if (IsLinux()) {
+    u->linux.l_start = l_start;
+    u->linux.l_len = l_len;
+    u->linux.l_pid = l_pid;
+    u->linux.l_type = l_type;
+    u->linux.l_whence = l_whence;
+  } else if (IsXnu()) {
+    u->xnu.l_start = l_start;
+    u->xnu.l_len = l_len;
+    u->xnu.l_pid = l_pid;
+    u->xnu.l_type = l_type;
+    u->xnu.l_whence = l_whence;
+  } else if (IsFreebsd()) {
+    u->freebsd.l_start = l_start;
+    u->freebsd.l_len = l_len;
+    u->freebsd.l_pid = l_pid;
+    u->freebsd.l_type = l_type;
+    u->freebsd.l_whence = l_whence;
+    u->freebsd.l_sysid = l_sysid;
+  } else if (IsOpenbsd()) {
+    u->openbsd.l_start = l_start;
+    u->openbsd.l_len = l_len;
+    u->openbsd.l_pid = l_pid;
+    u->openbsd.l_type = l_type;
+    u->openbsd.l_whence = l_whence;
+  } else if (IsNetbsd()) {
+    u->netbsd.l_start = l_start;
+    u->netbsd.l_len = l_len;
+    u->netbsd.l_pid = l_pid;
+    u->netbsd.l_type = l_type;
+    u->netbsd.l_whence = l_whence;
+  }
+}

libc/calls/mkntpath.c

@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
 #include "libc/calls/internal.h"
 #include "libc/calls/ntmagicpaths.internal.h"
+#include "libc/nt/systeminfo.h"
 #include "libc/str/oldutf16.internal.h"
 #include "libc/str/str.h"
 #include "libc/str/tpdecode.internal.h"
@@ -70,15 +71,30 @@ textwindows int __mkntpath2(const char *path,
    * 4. Reserve ≥10 for CreateNamedPipe "\\.\pipe\" prefix requirement
    * 5. Reserve ≥13 for mkdir() i.e. 1+8+3+1, e.g. "\\ffffffff.xxx\0"
    */
-  size_t i, n;
+  char *q;
+  char16_t *p;
+  size_t i, n, m, z;
   if (!path) return efault();
   path = FixNtMagicPath(path, flags);
-  n = tprecode8to16(path16, PATH_MAX - 16, path).ax;
-  if (n == PATH_MAX - 16 - 1) return enametoolong();
+  p = path16;
+  q = path;
+  z = PATH_MAX - 16;
+  if (q[0] == '/' && q[1] == 't' && q[2] == 'm' && q[3] == 'p' &&
+      (q[4] == '/' || !q[4])) {
+    m = GetTempPath(z, p);
+    if (!q[4]) return m;
+    q += 5;
+    p += m;
+    z -= m;
+  } else {
+    m = 0;
+  }
+  n = tprecode8to16(p, z, q).ax;
+  if (n == z - 1) return enametoolong();
   for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
-    if (path16[i] == '/') {
-      path16[i] = '\\';
+    if (p[i] == '/') {
+      p[i] = '\\';
     }
   }
-  return n;
+  return m + n;
 }

libc/calls/mount.c

@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
+/*-*- mode:c;indent-tabs-mode:nil;c-basic-offset:2;tab-width:8;coding:utf-8 -*-│
+│vi: set net ft=c ts=2 sts=2 sw=2 fenc=utf-8                                :vi│
+╞══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╡
+│ Copyright 2021 Justine Alexandra Roberts Tunney                              │
+│                                                                              │
+│ Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for         │
+│ any purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the         │
+│ above copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.      │
+│                                                                              │
+│ THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL                │
+│ WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED                │
+│ WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE             │
+│ AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL         │
+│ DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR        │
+│ PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER               │
+│ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
+│ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
+╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#include "libc/calls/mount.h"
+#include "libc/dce.h"
+#include "libc/str/str.h"
+#include "libc/sysv/errfuns.h"
+
+int32_t sys_mount_linux(const char *source, const char *target,
+                        const char *filesystemtype, uint64_t mountflags,
+                        const void *data) asm("sys_mount");
+int32_t sys_mount_bsd(const char *type, const char *dir, int32_t flags,
+                      void *data) asm("sys_mount");
+
+/**
+ * Mounts file system.
+ *
+ * The following flags may be specified:
+ *
+ * - `MS_RDONLY` (mount read-only)
+ * - `MS_NOSUID` (don't honor S_ISUID bit)
+ * - `MS_NODEV` (disallow special files)
+ * - `MS_NOEXEC` (disallow program execution)
+ * - `MS_SYNCHRONOUS` (writes are synced at once)
+ * - `MS_NOATIME` (do not update access times)
+ * - `MS_REMOUNT` (tune existing mounting)
+ *
+ * The following flags may also be used, but could be set to zero at
+ * runtime if the underlying kernel doesn't support them.
+ *
+ * - `MNT_ASYNC` (xnu, freebsd, openbsd, netbsd)
+ * - `MNT_RELOAD` (xnu, freebsd, openbsd, netbsd)
+ * - `MS_STRICTATIME` (linux, xnu)
+ * - `MS_RELATIME` (linux, netbsd)
+ * - `MNT_SNAPSHOT` (xnu, freebsd)
+ * - `MS_MANDLOCK` (linux)
+ * - `MS_DIRSYNC` (linux)
+ * - `MS_NODIRATIME` (linux)
+ * - `MS_BIND` (linux)
+ * - `MS_MOVE` (linux)
+ * - `MS_REC` (linux)
+ * - `MS_SILENT` (linux)
+ * - `MS_POSIXACL` (linux)
+ * - `MS_UNBINDABLE` (linux)
+ * - `MS_PRIVATE` (linux)
+ * - `MS_SLAVE` (linux)
+ * - `MS_SHARED` (linux)
+ * - `MS_KERNMOUNT` (linux)
+ * - `MS_I_VERSION` (linux)
+ * - `MS_LAZYTIME` (linux)
+ * - `MS_ACTIVE` (linux)
+ * - `MS_NOUSER` (linux)
+ * - `MS_RMT`_MASK (linux)
+ * - `MNT_SUIDDIR` (freebsd)
+ * - `MNT_NOCLUSTERR` (freebsd)
+ * - `MNT_NOCLUSTERW` (freebsd)
+ *
+ * Some example values for the `type` parameter:
+ *
+ * - `"nfs"`
+ * - `"vfat"`
+ * - `"tmpfs"`
+ * - `"iso8601"`
+ *
+ */
+int mount(const char *source, const char *target, const char *type,
+          unsigned long flags, const void *data) {
+  if (!IsWindows()) {
+    if (!IsBsd()) {
+      return sys_mount_linux(source, target, type, flags, data);
+    } else {
+      if (!strcmp(type, "iso9660")) type = "cd9660";
+      if (!strcmp(type, "vfat")) {
+        if (IsOpenbsd() || IsNetbsd()) {
+          type = "msdos";
+        } else {
+          type = "msdosfs";
+        }
+      }
+      return sys_mount_bsd(type, target, flags, data);
+    }
+  } else {
+    return enosys();
+  }
+}

libc/calls/mount.h

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+#ifndef COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_CALLS_MOUNT_H_
+#define COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_CALLS_MOUNT_H_
+#if !(__ASSEMBLER__ + __LINKER__ + 0)
+COSMOPOLITAN_C_START_
+
+int mount(const char *, const char *, const char *, unsigned long,
+          const void *);
+int unmount(const char *, int);
+
+#ifdef _GNU_SOURCE
+int umount(const char *);
+int umount2(const char *, int);
+#endif
+
+COSMOPOLITAN_C_END_
+#endif /* !(__ASSEMBLER__ + __LINKER__ + 0) */
+#endif /* COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_CALLS_MOUNT_H_ */

libc/calls/mprotect.greg.c

@@ -39,12 +39,12 @@ privileged int mprotect(void *addr, uint64_t len, int prot) {
   int64_t rc;
   uint32_t oldprot;
   if (!IsWindows()) {
-    asm volatile(CFLAG_ASM("syscall")
+    asm volatile(CFLAG_ASM("clc\n\tsyscall")
                  : CFLAG_CONSTRAINT(cf), "=a"(rc)
                  : "1"(__NR_mprotect), "D"(addr), "S"(len), "d"(prot)
                  : "rcx", "r11", "memory", "cc");
     if (cf) {
-      rc = -rc;
+      errno = rc;
       rc = -1;
     } else if (rc > -4096ul) {
       errno = -rc;

libc/calls/nice.c

@@ -16,13 +16,13 @@
 │ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
 │ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
-#include "libc/bits/safemacros.internal.h"
 #include "libc/calls/calls.h"
 #include "libc/fmt/conv.h"
+#include "libc/macros.internal.h"
 #include "libc/sysv/consts/prio.h"
 
 static int clamp(int p) {
-  return max(-NZERO, min(NZERO - 1, p));
+  return MAX(-NZERO, MIN(NZERO - 1, p));
 }
 
 /**
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ static int clamp(int p) {
  */
 int nice(int delta) {
   int p;
-  if (abs(delta) >= NZERO * 2) {
+  if (ABS(delta) >= NZERO * 2) {
     p = delta;
   } else {
     delta = clamp(delta);

libc/calls/now.c

@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ static long double MeasureNanosPerCycle(void) {
   return avg;
 }
 
-static void InitTime(void) {
+void RefreshTime(void) {
   struct Now now;
   now.cpn = MeasureNanosPerCycle();
   now.r0 = dtime(CLOCK_REALTIME);
@@ -66,21 +66,17 @@ static void InitTime(void) {
 }
 
 long double ConvertTicksToNanos(uint64_t ticks) {
-  if (!g_now.once) InitTime();
+  if (!g_now.once) RefreshTime();
   return ticks * g_now.cpn; /* pico scale */
 }
 
-static long double ConvertTicksToSeconds(uint64_t ticks) {
-  return 1 / 1e9 * ConvertTicksToNanos(ticks);
-}
-
 long double nowl_sys(void) {
   return dtime(CLOCK_REALTIME);
 }
 
 long double nowl_art(void) {
   uint64_t ticks;
-  if (!g_now.once) InitTime();
+  if (!g_now.once) RefreshTime();
   ticks = unsignedsubtract(rdtsc(), g_now.k0);
-  return g_now.r0 + ConvertTicksToSeconds(ticks);
+  return g_now.r0 + (1 / 1e9L * (ticks * g_now.cpn));
 }