Fix the behavior of redbean -i -e CODE

When redbean is functioning as a Lua interpreter, the `-e` flag should behave the same way as other open source language interpreters. Namely it should exit after evaluating the code rather than showing the REPL.
Make some sorting functions faster
2026-11-08 01:58:20 -10:00 · 2023-04-25 01:52:13 -07:00 · 2023-04-24 23:11:18 -07:00 · 2023-04-24 20:15:24 -07:00 · 2023-04-18 06:37:01 -07:00 · 2023-04-18 05:11:15 -07:00
4159 changed files with 198364 additions and 59713 deletions
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ AlwaysBreakBeforeMultilineStrings: false
 AllowShortFunctionsOnASingleLine: false
 KeepEmptyLinesAtTheStartOfBlocks: true
 ConstructorInitializerAllOnOneLineOrOnePerLine: true
+IncludeBlocks: Merge
 ---
 Language: Cpp
 AllowShortFunctionsOnASingleLine: false
@@ -21,8 +21,11 @@ jobs:
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v3

-      - name: support ape bins
-        run: sudo sh -c "echo ':APE:M::MZqFpD::/bin/sh:' >/proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc/register"
+      - name: support ape bins 1
+        run: sudo cp build/bootstrap/ape.elf /usr/bin/ape
+
+      - name: support ape bins 2
+        run: sudo sh -c "echo ':APE:M::MZqFpD::/usr/bin/ape:' >/proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc/register"

      - name: make matrix
        run: V=0 make -j2 MODE=${{ matrix.mode }}
@@ -43,10 +43,10 @@
 				"forcealignargpointer=",
 				"noasan=",
 				"noubsan=",
-				"testonly=",
 				"donothing=",
 				"nosideeffect=",
-				"unreachable=",
+				"unreachable=",,
+				"notpossible=",
 				"thatispacked=",
 				"dontthrow=",
 				"nocallback=",
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@
 #   build/config.mk

 SHELL      = build/bootstrap/cocmd.com
-HOSTS     ?= freebsd openbsd netbsd rhel7 rhel5 win10 xnu
+HOSTS     ?= freebsd openbsd netbsd rhel7 rhel5 xnu win10
 MAKEFLAGS += --no-builtin-rules

 .SUFFIXES:
@@ -68,6 +68,12 @@ MAKEFLAGS += --no-builtin-rules
 .FEATURES: output-sync
 .PHONY: all o bins check test depend tags

+ifneq ($(m),)
+ifeq ($(MODE),)
+MODE := $(m)
+endif
+endif
+
 all:	o
 o:	o/$(MODE)

@@ -86,13 +92,16 @@ o/$(MODE):			\
 .UNVEIL =			\
 	libc/integral		\
 	libc/disclaimer.inc	\
+	rwc:/dev/shm		\
 	rx:build/bootstrap	\
 	rx:o/third_party/gcc	\
-	/proc/self/status	\
+	/proc/stat		\
 	rw:/dev/null		\
 	w:o/stack.log		\
 	/etc/hosts		\
-	~/.runit.psk
+	~/.runit.psk		\
+	/proc/self/status	\
+	/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/scaling_governor

 PKGS =

@@ -112,19 +121,25 @@ include libc/tinymath/tinymath.mk		# │  You can issue raw system calls
 include third_party/compiler_rt/compiler_rt.mk	# │
 include libc/str/str.mk				# │
 include third_party/xed/xed.mk			# │
+include third_party/puff/puff.mk		# │
 include third_party/zlib/zlib.mk		# │
+include third_party/double-conversion/dc.mk	# │
 include libc/elf/elf.mk				# │
 include ape/ape.mk				# │
-include libc/fmt/fmt.mk				#─┘
+include libc/fmt/fmt.mk				# │
+include libc/vga/vga.mk				#─┘
 include libc/calls/calls.mk			#─┐
+include third_party/getopt/getopt.mk		# │
 include libc/runtime/runtime.mk			# ├──SYSTEMS RUNTIME
 include libc/crt/crt.mk				# │  You can issue system calls
+include third_party/nsync/nsync.mk		# │
 include third_party/dlmalloc/dlmalloc.mk	#─┘
 include libc/mem/mem.mk				#─┐
-include libc/zipos/zipos.mk			# ├──DYNAMIC RUNTIME
-include third_party/gdtoa/gdtoa.mk		# │  You can now use stdio
-include libc/time/time.mk			# │  You can finally call malloc()
-include libc/thread/thread.mk			# │
+include third_party/gdtoa/gdtoa.mk		# ├──DYNAMIC RUNTIME
+include third_party/nsync/mem/mem.mk		# │  You can now use stdio
+include libc/thread/thread.mk			# │  You can finally call malloc()
+include libc/zipos/zipos.mk			# │
+include libc/time/time.mk			# │
 include libc/stdio/stdio.mk			# │
 include third_party/libcxx/libcxx.mk		# │
 include net/net.mk				# │
@@ -138,7 +153,6 @@ include dsp/mpeg/mpeg.mk			# │
 include dsp/dsp.mk				# │
 include third_party/zlib/gz/gz.mk		# │
 include third_party/musl/musl.mk		# │
-include third_party/getopt/getopt.mk		# │
 include libc/libc.mk				#─┘
 include libc/sock/sock.mk			#─┐
 include dsp/tty/tty.mk				# ├──ONLINE RUNTIME
@@ -149,6 +163,7 @@ include net/https/https.mk			# │
 include third_party/regex/regex.mk		#─┘
 include third_party/tidy/tidy.mk
 include third_party/third_party.mk
+include third_party/nsync/testing/testing.mk
 include libc/testlib/testlib.mk
 include tool/viz/lib/vizlib.mk
 include tool/args/args.mk
@@ -156,10 +171,14 @@ include test/tool/args/test.mk
 include third_party/linenoise/linenoise.mk
 include third_party/maxmind/maxmind.mk
 include net/finger/finger.mk
-include third_party/double-conversion/double-conversion.mk
+include third_party/double-conversion/test/test.mk
 include third_party/lua/lua.mk
+include third_party/tr/tr.mk
+include third_party/sed/sed.mk
 include third_party/awk/awk.mk
+include third_party/hiredis/hiredis.mk
 include third_party/make/make.mk
+include third_party/ctags/ctags.mk
 include third_party/finger/finger.mk
 include third_party/argon2/argon2.mk
 include third_party/smallz4/smallz4.mk
@@ -176,6 +195,7 @@ include third_party/python/python.mk
 include tool/build/emucrt/emucrt.mk
 include tool/build/emubin/emubin.mk
 include tool/build/build.mk
+include tool/curl/curl.mk
 include examples/examples.mk
 include examples/pyapp/pyapp.mk
 include examples/pylife/pylife.mk
@@ -190,6 +210,7 @@ include tool/hash/hash.mk
 include tool/net/net.mk
 include tool/viz/viz.mk
 include tool/tool.mk
+include net/turfwar/turfwar.mk
 include test/libc/tinymath/test.mk
 include test/libc/intrin/test.mk
 include test/libc/mem/test.mk
@@ -207,6 +228,7 @@ include test/libc/fmt/test.mk
 include test/libc/dns/test.mk
 include test/libc/time/test.mk
 include test/libc/stdio/test.mk
+include test/libc/zipos/test.mk
 include test/libc/release/test.mk
 include test/libc/test.mk
 include test/net/http/test.mk
@@ -259,97 +281,103 @@ o/$(MODE)/srcs-old.txt: o/$(MODE)/.x $(MAKEFILES) $(call uniq,$(foreach x,$(SRCS
 o/$(MODE)/hdrs-old.txt: o/$(MODE)/.x $(MAKEFILES) $(call uniq,$(foreach x,$(HDRS) $(INCS),$(dir $(x))))
 	$(file >$@) $(foreach x,$(HDRS) $(INCS),$(file >>$@,$(x)))

-TAGS: .UNSANDBOXED = 1
-TAGS:	o/$(MODE)/srcs-old.txt $(SRCS)
+TAGS: private .UNSANDBOXED = 1
+TAGS:	o/$(MODE)/srcs-old.txt $(SRCS) o/$(MODE)/third_party/ctags/ctags.com
 	@$(RM) $@
-	@$(TAGS) $(TAGSFLAGS) -L $< -o $@
+	@o/$(MODE)/third_party/ctags/ctags.com $(TAGSFLAGS) -L $< -o $@

-HTAGS: .UNSANDBOXED = 1
-HTAGS:	o/$(MODE)/hdrs-old.txt $(HDRS)
+HTAGS: private .UNSANDBOXED = 1
+HTAGS:	o/$(MODE)/hdrs-old.txt $(HDRS) o/$(MODE)/third_party/ctags/ctags.com
 	@$(RM) $@
-	@build/htags -L $< -o $@
+	@build/htags o/$(MODE)/third_party/ctags/ctags.com -L $< -o $@

-loc: .UNSANDBOXED = 1
+loc: private .UNSANDBOXED = 1
 loc: o/$(MODE)/tool/build/summy.com
 	find -name \*.h -or -name \*.c -or -name \*.S | \
 	$(XARGS) wc -l | grep total | awk '{print $$1}' | $<

-COSMOPOLITAN_OBJECTS =		\
-	NET_HTTP		\
-	LIBC_DNS		\
-	LIBC_SOCK		\
-	LIBC_NT_WS2_32		\
-	LIBC_NT_IPHLPAPI	\
-	LIBC_NT_MSWSOCK		\
-	LIBC_X			\
-	THIRD_PARTY_GETOPT	\
-	LIBC_LOG		\
-	LIBC_TIME		\
-	LIBC_ZIPOS		\
-	THIRD_PARTY_ZLIB	\
-	THIRD_PARTY_MUSL	\
-	LIBC_STDIO		\
-	THIRD_PARTY_GDTOA	\
-	THIRD_PARTY_REGEX	\
-	LIBC_MEM		\
-	THIRD_PARTY_DLMALLOC	\
-	LIBC_RUNTIME		\
-	LIBC_ELF		\
-	LIBC_CALLS		\
-	LIBC_SYSV_CALLS		\
-	LIBC_NT_PSAPI		\
-	LIBC_NT_POWRPROF	\
-	LIBC_NT_PDH		\
-	LIBC_NT_GDI32		\
-	LIBC_NT_COMDLG32	\
-	LIBC_NT_URL		\
-	LIBC_NT_USER32		\
-	LIBC_NT_NTDLL		\
-	LIBC_NT_ADVAPI32	\
-	LIBC_FMT		\
-	THIRD_PARTY_COMPILER_RT	\
-	LIBC_THREAD		\
-	LIBC_TINYMATH		\
-	THIRD_PARTY_XED		\
-	LIBC_STR		\
-	LIBC_SYSV		\
-	LIBC_INTRIN		\
-	LIBC_NT_KERNEL32	\
+# PLEASE: MAINTAIN TOPOLOGICAL ORDER
+# FROM HIGHEST LEVEL TO LOWEST LEVEL
+COSMOPOLITAN_OBJECTS =			\
+	NET_HTTP			\
+	LIBC_DNS			\
+	LIBC_SOCK			\
+	LIBC_NT_WS2_32			\
+	LIBC_NT_IPHLPAPI		\
+	LIBC_NT_MSWSOCK			\
+	LIBC_X				\
+	THIRD_PARTY_GETOPT		\
+	LIBC_LOG			\
+	LIBC_TIME			\
+	LIBC_ZIPOS			\
+	THIRD_PARTY_MUSL		\
+	LIBC_STDIO			\
+	THIRD_PARTY_GDTOA		\
+	THIRD_PARTY_REGEX		\
+	LIBC_THREAD			\
+	THIRD_PARTY_NSYNC_MEM		\
+	LIBC_MEM			\
+	THIRD_PARTY_DLMALLOC		\
+	LIBC_RUNTIME			\
+	THIRD_PARTY_NSYNC		\
+	LIBC_ELF			\
+	LIBC_CALLS			\
+	LIBC_SYSV_CALLS			\
+	LIBC_VGA			\
+	LIBC_NT_PSAPI			\
+	LIBC_NT_POWRPROF		\
+	LIBC_NT_PDH			\
+	LIBC_NT_GDI32			\
+	LIBC_NT_COMDLG32		\
+	LIBC_NT_URL			\
+	LIBC_NT_USER32			\
+	LIBC_NT_NTDLL			\
+	LIBC_NT_ADVAPI32		\
+	LIBC_NT_SYNCHRONIZATION		\
+	LIBC_FMT			\
+	THIRD_PARTY_PUFF		\
+	THIRD_PARTY_COMPILER_RT		\
+	LIBC_TINYMATH			\
+	THIRD_PARTY_XED			\
+	LIBC_STR			\
+	LIBC_SYSV			\
+	LIBC_INTRIN			\
+	LIBC_NT_KERNEL32		\
 	LIBC_NEXGEN32E

-COSMOPOLITAN_HEADERS =		\
-	APE			\
-	LIBC			\
-	LIBC_CALLS		\
-	LIBC_DNS		\
-	LIBC_ELF		\
-	LIBC_FMT		\
-	LIBC_INTRIN		\
-	LIBC_LOG		\
-	LIBC_MEM		\
-	LIBC_NEXGEN32E		\
-	LIBC_NT			\
-	LIBC_RUNTIME		\
-	LIBC_SOCK		\
-	LIBC_STDIO		\
-	THIRD_PARTY_XED		\
-	LIBC_STR		\
-	LIBC_SYSV		\
-	LIBC_THREAD		\
-	LIBC_TIME		\
-	LIBC_TINYMATH		\
-	LIBC_X			\
-	LIBC_ZIPOS		\
-	NET_HTTP		\
-	THIRD_PARTY_DLMALLOC	\
-	THIRD_PARTY_GDTOA	\
-	THIRD_PARTY_GETOPT	\
-	THIRD_PARTY_MUSL	\
-	THIRD_PARTY_ZLIB	\
-	THIRD_PARTY_ZLIB_GZ	\
+COSMOPOLITAN_HEADERS =			\
+	APE				\
+	LIBC				\
+	LIBC_CALLS			\
+	LIBC_DNS			\
+	LIBC_ELF			\
+	LIBC_FMT			\
+	LIBC_INTRIN			\
+	LIBC_LOG			\
+	LIBC_MEM			\
+	LIBC_NEXGEN32E			\
+	LIBC_NT				\
+	LIBC_RUNTIME			\
+	LIBC_SOCK			\
+	LIBC_STDIO			\
+	THIRD_PARTY_NSYNC		\
+	THIRD_PARTY_XED			\
+	LIBC_STR			\
+	LIBC_SYSV			\
+	LIBC_THREAD			\
+	LIBC_TIME			\
+	LIBC_TINYMATH			\
+	LIBC_X				\
+	LIBC_ZIPOS			\
+	LIBC_VGA			\
+	NET_HTTP			\
+	THIRD_PARTY_DLMALLOC		\
+	THIRD_PARTY_GDTOA		\
+	THIRD_PARTY_GETOPT		\
+	THIRD_PARTY_MUSL		\
 	THIRD_PARTY_REGEX

-o/$(MODE)/cosmopolitan.a:	\
+o/$(MODE)/cosmopolitan.a:		\
 		$(foreach x,$(COSMOPOLITAN_OBJECTS),$($(x)_A_OBJS))

 o/cosmopolitan.h:							\
@@ -360,6 +388,7 @@ o/cosmopolitan.h:							\
 	$(file >$(TMPDIR)/$(subst /,_,$@),libc/integral/normalize.inc $(foreach x,$(COSMOPOLITAN_HEADERS),$($(x)_HDRS)))
 	@$(COMPILE) -AROLLUP -T$@ o/$(MODE)/tool/build/rollup.com @$(TMPDIR)/$(subst /,_,$@) >$@

+o/cosmopolitan.html: private .UNSANDBOXED = 1
 o/cosmopolitan.html:							\
 		o/$(MODE)/third_party/chibicc/chibicc.com.dbg		\
 		$(filter-out %.s,$(foreach x,$(COSMOPOLITAN_OBJECTS),$($(x)_SRCS)))	\
@@ -378,6 +407,15 @@ $(SRCS):					\
 	libc/integral/lp64arg.inc		\
 	libc/integral/lp64.inc

+.PHONY: toolchain
+toolchain:	o/cosmopolitan.h				\
+		o/$(MODE)/ape/public/ape.lds			\
+		o/$(MODE)/libc/crt/crt.o			\
+		o/$(MODE)/ape/ape.o				\
+		o/$(MODE)/ape/ape-copy-self.o			\
+		o/$(MODE)/ape/ape-no-modify-self.o		\
+		o/$(MODE)/cosmopolitan.a
+
 # UNSPECIFIED PREREQUISITES TUTORIAL
 #
 # A build rule must exist for all files that make needs to consider in
@@ -402,9 +440,9 @@ $(SRCS):
 $(HDRS):
 $(INCS):
 .DEFAULT:
-	@$(ECHO) >&2
-	@$(ECHO) NOTE: deleting o/$(MODE)/depend because of an unspecified prerequisite: $@ >&2
-	@$(ECHO) >&2
+	@$(ECHO)
+	@$(ECHO) NOTE: deleting o/$(MODE)/depend because of an unspecified prerequisite: $@
+	@$(ECHO)
 	$(RM) o/$(MODE)/depend

 -include o/$(MODE)/depend
@@ -23,11 +23,11 @@ If you're doing your development work on Linux or BSD then you need just
 five files to get started. Here's what you do on Linux:

 ```sh
-wget https://justine.lol/cosmopolitan/cosmopolitan-amalgamation-2.0.1.zip
-unzip cosmopolitan-amalgamation-2.0.1.zip
+wget https://justine.lol/cosmopolitan/cosmopolitan-amalgamation-2.2.zip
+unzip cosmopolitan-amalgamation-2.2.zip
 printf 'main() { printf("hello world\\n"); }\n' >hello.c
 gcc -g -Os -static -nostdlib -nostdinc -fno-pie -no-pie -mno-red-zone \
-  -fno-omit-frame-pointer -pg -mnop-mcount -mno-tls-direct-seg-refs \
+  -fno-omit-frame-pointer -pg -mnop-mcount -mno-tls-direct-seg-refs -gdwarf-4 \
  -o hello.com.dbg hello.c -fuse-ld=bfd -Wl,-T,ape.lds -Wl,--gc-sections \
  -include cosmopolitan.h crt.o ape-no-modify-self.o cosmopolitan.a
 objcopy -S -O binary hello.com.dbg hello.com
@@ -40,11 +40,30 @@ You now have a portable program.
 bash -c './hello.com'  # zsh/fish workaround (we patched them in 2021)
 ```

+If `./hello.com` executed on Linux throws an error about not finding an
+interpreter, it should be fixed by running the following command (although
+note that it may not survive a system restart):
+
+```sh
+sudo sh -c "echo ':APE:M::MZqFpD::/bin/sh:' >/proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc/register"
+```
+
+If the same command produces puzzling errors on WSL or WINE when using
+Redbean 2.x, they may be fixed by disabling binfmt_misc:
+
+```sh
+sudo sh -c 'echo -1 >/proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc/status'
+```
+
 Since we used the `ape-no-modify-self.o` bootloader (rather than
 `ape.o`) your executable will not modify itself when it's run. What
-it'll instead do, is extract a 4kb program to `${TMPDIR:-${HOME:-.}}`
-that maps your program into memory without needing to copy it. It's
-possible to install the APE loader systemwide as follows.
+it'll instead do, is extract a 4kb program (the [APE loader](https://justine.lol/apeloader/))
+to `${TMPDIR:-${HOME:-.}}` that maps your program into memory without
+needing to copy it. The APE loader must be in an executable location
+(e.g. not stored on a `noexec` mount) for it to run. See below for
+alternatives:
+
+It's possible to install the APE loader systemwide as follows.

 ```sh
 # System-Wide APE Install
@@ -85,7 +104,7 @@ heavyweight features like tracing to your binaries by default. In that
 case, you may want to consider using our build system:

 ```sh
-make -j8 MODE=tiny
+make m=tiny
 ```

 Which will cause programs such as `hello.com` and `life.com` to shrink
@@ -140,7 +159,7 @@ cd cosmopolitan
 This will build the entire repository and run all the tests:

 ```sh
-build/bootstrap/make.com -j16
+build/bootstrap/make.com
 o//examples/hello.com
 find o -name \*.com | xargs ls -rShal | less
 ```
@@ -159,7 +178,7 @@ having minimal deterministic builds. For example, if you wanted to build
 only hello.com then you could do that as follows:

 ```sh
-build/bootstrap/make.com -j16 o//examples/hello.com
+build/bootstrap/make.com o//examples/hello.com
 ```

 Sometimes it's desirable to build a subset of targets, without having to
@@ -168,7 +187,7 @@ directory name. For example, if you wanted to build only the targets and
 subtargets of the chibicc package including its tests, you would say:

 ```sh
-build/bootstrap/make.com -j16 o//third_party/chibicc
+build/bootstrap/make.com o//third_party/chibicc
 o//third_party/chibicc/chibicc.com --help
 ```

@@ -176,18 +195,19 @@ Cosmopolitan provides a variety of build modes. For example, if you want
 really tiny binaries (as small as 12kb in size) then you'd say:

 ```sh
-build/bootstrap/make.com -j16 MODE=tiny
+build/bootstrap/make.com m=tiny
 ```

 Here's some other build modes you can try:

 ```sh
-build/bootstrap/make.com -j16 MODE=dbg       # asan + ubsan + debug
-build/bootstrap/make.com -j16 MODE=asan      # production memory safety
-build/bootstrap/make.com -j16 MODE=opt       # -march=native optimizations
-build/bootstrap/make.com -j16 MODE=rel       # traditional release binaries
-build/bootstrap/make.com -j16 MODE=optlinux  # optimal linux-only performance
-build/bootstrap/make.com -j16 MODE=tinylinux # tiniest linux-only 4kb binaries
+build/bootstrap/make.com m=dbg       # asan + ubsan + debug
+build/bootstrap/make.com m=asan      # production memory safety
+build/bootstrap/make.com m=opt       # -march=native optimizations
+build/bootstrap/make.com m=rel       # traditional release binaries
+build/bootstrap/make.com m=optlinux  # optimal linux-only performance
+build/bootstrap/make.com m=fastbuild # build 28% faster w/o debugging
+build/bootstrap/make.com m=tinylinux # tiniest linux-only 4kb binaries
 ```

 For further details, see [//build/config.mk](build/config.mk).
@@ -196,7 +216,7 @@ For further details, see [//build/config.mk](build/config.mk).

 Here's the recommended `~/.gdbinit` config:

-```
+```gdb
 set host-charset UTF-8
 set target-charset UTF-8
 set target-wide-charset UTF-8
@@ -223,27 +243,38 @@ You normally run the `.com.dbg` file under gdb. If you need to debug the
 gdb foo.com -ex 'add-symbol-file foo.com.dbg 0x401000'
 ```

+## Discord Chatroom
+
+The Cosmopolitan development team collaborates on the Redbean Discord
+server. You're welcome to join us! <https://discord.gg/FwAVVu7eJ4>
+
 ## Support Vector

 | Platform        | Min Version | Circa |
 | :---            | ---:        | ---:  |
 | AMD             | K8 Venus    | 2005  |
 | Intel           | Core        | 2006  |
-| Windows         | Vista       | 2006  |
 | Linux           | 2.6.18      | 2007  |
+| Windows         | 8 [1]       | 2012  |
 | Mac OS X        | 15.6        | 2018  |
-| FreeBSD         | 13          | 2020  |
 | OpenBSD         | 6.4         | 2018  |
+| FreeBSD         | 13          | 2020  |
 | NetBSD          | 9.2         | 2021  |

+[1] See our [vista branch](https://github.com/jart/cosmopolitan/tree/vista)
+    for a community supported version of Cosmopolitan that works on Windows
+    Vista and Windows 7.
+
 ## Special Thanks

 Funding for this project is crowdsourced using
 [GitHub Sponsors](https://github.com/sponsors/jart) and
 [Patreon](https://www.patreon.com/jart). Your support is what makes this
 project possible. Thank you! We'd also like to give special thanks to
-the following individuals:
+the following groups and individuals:

 - [Joe Drumgoole](https://github.com/jdrumgoole)
+- [Rob Figueiredo](https://github.com/robfig)
+- [Wasmer](https://wasmer.io/)

 For publicly sponsoring our work at the highest tier.
@@ -35,11 +35,11 @@
 #include "ape/macros.internal.h"
 #include "ape/notice.inc"
 #include "ape/relocations.h"
+#include "libc/calls/metalfile.internal.h"
 #include "libc/dce.h"
 #include "libc/elf/def.h"
 #include "libc/macho.internal.h"
 #include "libc/nexgen32e/uart.internal.h"
-#include "libc/nexgen32e/vidya.internal.h"
 #include "libc/nt/pedef.internal.h"
 #include "libc/runtime/pc.internal.h"
 #include "libc/sysv/consts/prot.h"
@@ -113,7 +113,33 @@ cstr:	.endobj	cstr,globl,hidden		# ←for gdb readability
 //
 //	@param	dl is drive number
 //	@noreturn
-ape_mz:	.asciz	"MZqFpD='\n"		# Mark 'Zibo' Joseph Zbikowski
+ape_mz:
+#if SupportsWindows() || SupportsMetal()
+	.asciz	"MZqFpD='\n"		# Mark 'Zibo' Joseph Zbikowski
+//	# in real mode
+//	dec	%bp
+//	pop	%dx
+//	jno	0x4a
+//	jo	0x4a
+//
+//	# in legacy mode
+//	push	%ebp
+//	pop	%edx
+//	jno	0x4a
+//	jo	0x4a
+//
+//	# 64-bit mode
+//	rex.WRB
+//	pop	%r10
+//	jno	0x4a
+//	jo	0x4a
+#else
+//	Avoid virus scanner reputation damage when targeting System Five.
+	.asciz	"jartsr='\n"		# Justine Alexandra Roberts Tunney
+//	push	$0x61
+//	jb	0x78
+//	jae	0x78
+#endif
 	.short	0x1000			# MZ: lowers upper bound load / 16
 	.short	0xf800			# MZ: roll greed on bss
 	.short	0			# MZ: lower bound on stack segment
@@ -126,11 +152,15 @@ ape_mz:	.asciz	"MZqFpD='\n"		# Mark 'Zibo' Joseph Zbikowski
 	.org	0x24			# MZ: bytes reserved for you
 	.ascii	"JT"			# MZ: OEM identifier
 	.short	0			# MZ: OEM information
+	.ascii	"' <<'@'\n"
 	.org	0x40-4			# MZ: bytes reserved for you
 #if SupportsWindows() || SupportsMetal()
 	.long	RVA(ape_pe)		# PE: the new technology
 #else
 	.long	0
+	.org	0x78
+	pop	%rax
+	jmp	_start
 #endif
 	.endfn	ape_mz,globl,hidden

@@ -236,8 +266,9 @@ pc:	cld
 #endif
 	ljmp	$0,$REAL(1f)
 1:	mov	%cx,%ds
-	mov	$IMAGE_BASE_REAL-0x0500,%cx	# clears bss
-	mov	$0x0500>>4,%ax			# struct mman
+	.set	mm,0x0500			# struct mman
+	mov	$IMAGE_BASE_REAL-mm,%cx		# clears bss
+	mov	$mm>>4,%ax
 	mov	%ax,%es
 	xor	%ax,%ax
 	xor	%di,%di
@@ -251,6 +282,9 @@ pc:	cld
 	xor	%dh,%dh				# current head
 	mov	$v_ape_realsectors,%di		# total sectors
 3:	call	pcread
+	mov	%es,%si				# addr += 512
+	add	$512>>4,%si
+	mov	%si,%es
 	dec	%di
 	jnz	3b
 6:	ljmp	$0,$REAL(realmodeloader)
@@ -328,7 +362,7 @@ dsknfo:	push	%bx
 	movpp	%es,%ds
 	xor	%si,%si
 	mov	%si,%es
-	mov	$0x1510,%si		# mman::pc_drive_base_table
+	mov	$mm+"struct mman::pc_drive_base_table",%si
 	xchg	%si,%di
 	movsw	#→ headunloadtime, headloadtime
 	movsw	#→ shutofftime, bytespersector
@@ -339,6 +373,7 @@ dsknfo:	push	%bx
 	pop	%ds
 	xchg	%bx,%ax
 	stosw	#→ pc_drive_type, pc_drive_last_sector
+	scasb
 	xchg	%cx,%ax
 	stosw	#→ pc_drive_last_cylinder
 	xchg	%dx,%ax
@@ -377,15 +412,12 @@ pcread:	push	%ax
 	pop	%cx
 	pop	%ax
 	jc	9f
-	mov	%es,%si			# addr += 512
-	add	$512>>4,%si
-	mov	%si,%es
 	inc	%al			# ++sector
-	cmp	0x151c,%al		# mman::pc_drive_last_sector
+	cmp	mm+"struct mman::pc_drive_last_sector",%al
 	jbe	2f
 	mov	$1,%al
 	inc	%dh			# ++head
-	cmp	0x1520,%dh		# mman::pc_drive_last_head
+	cmp	mm+"struct mman::pc_drive_last_head",%dh
 	jbe	2f
 	xor	%dh,%dh
 	inc	%cx			# ++cylinder
@@ -484,19 +516,19 @@ ape.mbrpad:
 ape_disk:
 	.stub	ape.diskid,quad
 	.org	0x1be,0x00
-	.macro	.partn	x
-	.stub	ape.part\x\().status,byte	# 0=absent / 0x80=present
-	.stub	ape.part\x\().first.head,byte	# in low 6 bits
-	.stub	ape.part\x\().first.cylinder,byte
-	.stub	ape.part\x\().first.sector,byte
-	.stub	ape.part\x\().filesystem,byte
-	.stub	ape.part\x\().last.head,byte
-	.stub	ape.part\x\().last.cylinder,byte
-	.stub	ape.part\x\().last.sector,byte
-	.stub	ape.part\x\().lba,long          # c₀*Cₙ + h₀*Hₙ + s₀*Sₙ
-	.stub	ape.part\x\().sector.count,long # sectors are 512 bytes
+	.macro	.partn	x:req sta h0 s0 c0 fs h9 s9 c9 lba0 nsec
+	.stub	ape.part\x\().status,byte,\sta	# 0=non-boot / 0x80=active
+	.stub	ape.part\x\().first.head,byte,\h0
+	.stub	ape.part\x\().first.sector,byte,\s0 # in low 6 bits
+	.stub	ape.part\x\().first.cylinder,byte,\c0
+	.stub	ape.part\x\().filesystem,byte,\fs
+	.stub	ape.part\x\().last.head,byte,\h9
+	.stub	ape.part\x\().last.sector,byte,\s9
+	.stub	ape.part\x\().last.cylinder,byte,\c9
+	.stub	ape.part\x\().lba,long,\lba0	# c₀*Cₙ + h₀*Hₙ + s₀*Sₙ
+	.stub	ape.part\x\().sector.count,long,\nsec # sectors are 512 bytes
 	.endm
-	.partn	1
+	.partn	1,0x80,0,1,0,0x7f,0xff,0xff,0xff,0,0xffffffff
 	.partn	2
 	.partn	3
 	.partn	4
@@ -548,7 +580,10 @@ ape_disk:
 	the bourne executable & linkable format */

 #if SupportsWindows() || SupportsMetal() || SupportsXnu()
-apesh:	.ascii	"'\n#'\"\n"			# sixth edition shebang
+apesh:	.ascii	"\n@\n#'\"\n"			# sixth edition shebang
+	.ascii	"m=\"$(uname -m)\"\n"
+
+	.ascii	"if [ \"$m\" = x86_64 ] || [ \"$m\" = amd64 ]; then\n"
 //	Until all operating systems can be updated to support APE,
 //	we have a beautiful, yet imperfect workaround, which is to
 //	modify the binary to follow the local system's convention.
@@ -568,11 +603,11 @@ apesh:	.ascii	"'\n#'\"\n"			# sixth edition shebang
 	.ascii	  "t=\"${TMPDIR:-${HOME:-.}}/.ape\"\n"
 	.ascii	  "[ -x \"$t\" ] || {\n"
 	.ascii	    "mkdir -p \"${t%/*}\" &&\n"
-	.ascii	    "dd if=\"$o\" of=\"$t.$$\" skip=\""
+	.ascii	    "dd if=\"$o\" of=\"$t.$$\" skip="
 	.shstub	      ape_loader_dd_skip,2
-	.ascii	      "\" count=\""
+	.ascii	      " count="
 	.shstub	      ape_loader_dd_count,2
-	.ascii	      "\" bs=64 2>/dev/null\n"
+	.ascii	      " bs=64 2>/dev/null\n"
 #if SupportsXnu()
 	.ascii	    "[ -d /Applications ] && "
 	.ascii	      "dd if=\"$t.$$\""
@@ -636,11 +671,11 @@ apesh:	.ascii	"'\n#'\"\n"			# sixth edition shebang
 	.ascii	  "dd if=\"$o\""
 	.ascii	    " of=\"$o\""
 	.ascii	    " bs=8"
-	.ascii	    " skip=\""
+	.ascii	    " skip="
 	.shstub	    ape_macho_dd_skip,2
-	.ascii	    "\" count=\""
+	.ascii	    " count="
 	.shstub	    ape_macho_dd_count,2
-	.ascii	    "\" conv=notrunc 2>/dev/null\n"
+	.ascii	    " conv=notrunc 2>/dev/null\n"
 #endif /* XNU */
 	.ascii	"[ x\"$1\" = x--assimilate ] && exit 0\n"
 #ifndef APE_NO_MODIFY_SELF
@@ -650,17 +685,99 @@ apesh:	.ascii	"'\n#'\"\n"			# sixth edition shebang
 	.ascii	"o=\"$t\"\n"
 	.ascii	"exec \"$o\" \"$@\"\n"
 #endif /* APE_NO_MODIFY_SELF */
-	.ascii	"R=$?\n"
-	.ascii	"if [ \"$(uname -m)\" != x86_64 ]; then\n"
-	.ascii	  "Q=\"$(command -v qemu-x86_64)\" &&\n"
-	.ascii	    "exec \"$Q\" \"$o\" \"$@\"\n"
-#ifndef APE_NO_MODIFY_SELF
-	.ascii	"else\n"			# means argv[0] was wrong
-	.ascii	"  exec \"$o\" \"$@\"\n"	# so do a path resolution
-#endif /* APE_NO_MODIFY_SELF */
+	.ascii	"exit $?\n"
 	.ascii	"fi\n"
-	.ascii	"exit $R\n"
+
+	.ascii	"PHDRS='' <<'@'\n"
 	.endobj	apesh
+//	elf program headers get inserted here
+//	because they need to be in the first 4096 bytes
+        .section .emush,"a",@progbits
+emush:	.ascii	"\n@\n#'\"\n"
+	.ascii	"s=\"$(uname -s)\"\n"
+
+//	our script is running on a non-x86_64 architecture
+//	1. `dd` out the appropriate blink vm blob
+//	2. gunzip the blink virtual machine executable
+//	3. relaunch this program inside the blink vm
+	.ascii	"o=\"$(command -v \"$0\")\"\n"
+	.ascii	"e=\"${TMPDIR:-${HOME:-.}}/.ape-blink-0.9.2\"\n"
+
+//	Blink for Apple Silicon, e.g. M1 Macbook
+	.ascii	"if [ \"$s\" = Darwin ] && [ \"$m\" = arm64 ]; then\n"
+	.ascii	"if ! [ -x \"$e\" ]; then\n"
+	.ascii	"echo \"extracting blink-darwin-arm64 to ${e}\" >&2\n"
+	.ascii	"dd if=\"$o\" bs=1 skip=$(("
+	.byte	blink_darwin_arm64_b9
+	.byte	blink_darwin_arm64_b8
+	.byte	blink_darwin_arm64_b7
+	.byte	blink_darwin_arm64_b6
+	.byte	blink_darwin_arm64_b5
+	.byte	blink_darwin_arm64_b4
+	.byte	blink_darwin_arm64_b3
+	.byte	blink_darwin_arm64_b2
+	.byte	blink_darwin_arm64_b1
+	.byte	blink_darwin_arm64_b0
+	.ascii	")) count=$(("
+	.byte	blink_darwin_arm64_size_b9
+	.byte	blink_darwin_arm64_size_b8
+	.byte	blink_darwin_arm64_size_b7
+	.byte	blink_darwin_arm64_size_b6
+	.byte	blink_darwin_arm64_size_b5
+	.byte	blink_darwin_arm64_size_b4
+	.byte	blink_darwin_arm64_size_b3
+	.byte	blink_darwin_arm64_size_b2
+	.byte	blink_darwin_arm64_size_b1
+	.byte	blink_darwin_arm64_size_b0
+	.ascii	")) conv=notrunc 2>/dev/null | gunzip >\"$e.$$\"\n"
+	.ascii	"mv -f \"$e.$$\" \"$e\"\n"
+	.ascii	"chmod +x \"$e\"\n"
+	.ascii	"fi\n"
+	.ascii	"exec \"$e\" \"$o\" \"$@\"\n"
+	.ascii	"fi\n"
+
+//	Blink for Aarch64 Linux, e.g. Raspberry Pi
+	.ascii	"if [ \"$s\" = Linux ]; then\n"
+	.ascii	"if [ \"$m\" = aarch64 ] || [ \"$m\" = arm64 ]; then\n"
+	.ascii	"if ! [ -x \"$e\" ]; then\n"
+	.ascii	"echo \"extracting blink-aarch64 to ${e}\" >&2\n"
+	.ascii	"dd if=\"$o\" bs=1 skip=$(("
+	.byte	blink_aarch64_b9
+	.byte	blink_aarch64_b8
+	.byte	blink_aarch64_b7
+	.byte	blink_aarch64_b6
+	.byte	blink_aarch64_b5
+	.byte	blink_aarch64_b4
+	.byte	blink_aarch64_b3
+	.byte	blink_aarch64_b2
+	.byte	blink_aarch64_b1
+	.byte	blink_aarch64_b0
+	.ascii	")) count=$(("
+	.byte	blink_aarch64_size_b9
+	.byte	blink_aarch64_size_b8
+	.byte	blink_aarch64_size_b7
+	.byte	blink_aarch64_size_b6
+	.byte	blink_aarch64_size_b5
+	.byte	blink_aarch64_size_b4
+	.byte	blink_aarch64_size_b3
+	.byte	blink_aarch64_size_b2
+	.byte	blink_aarch64_size_b1
+	.byte	blink_aarch64_size_b0
+	.ascii	")) conv=notrunc 2>/dev/null | gunzip >\"$e.$$\"\n"
+	.ascii	"mv -f \"$e.$$\" \"$e\"\n"
+	.ascii	"chmod +x \"$e\"\n"
+	.ascii	"fi\n"
+	.ascii	"exec \"$e\" \"$o\" \"$@\"\n"
+	.ascii	"fi\n"
+	.ascii	"fi\n"
+
+	.ascii	"echo unsupported architecture >&2\n"
+	.rept	16
+	.ascii	"exit 127\n"
+	.endr
+
+	.ascii	"exit 1\n"
+	.endobj	emush
 #ifdef APE_LOADER
        .section .ape.loader,"a",@progbits
 	.align	64
@@ -873,7 +990,7 @@ ape_macho:
 	.long	(520f-510f)/4			# count
 510:	.quad	0				# rax
 	.quad	IMAGE_BASE_VIRTUAL		# rbx
-	.quad	XNU				# rcx
+	.quad	_HOSTXNU			# rcx
 	.quad	0				# rdx
 	.quad	0				# rdi
 	.quad	0				# rsi
@@ -1080,6 +1197,42 @@ ape_idata_idt:
 ape_idata_idtend:
 	.previous

+	.section .piro.data.sort.metal_gdt,"aw",@progbits
+	.align	8
+_gdt:
+//	          ┌G:granularity (1 → limit *= 0x1000)
+//	          │┌D/B:default operation size (0 = 16|64bit, 1 = 32-bit)
+//	          ││┌L:long mode
+//	          │││┌AVL:this bit is thine (1<<52)
+//	          ││││    ┌P:present
+//	          ││││    │┌DPL:privilege
+//	          ││││    ││ ┌─────────data/code(1)
+//	          ││││    ││ │┌────data(0)──────code(1)
+//	          ││││    ││ ││┌───conforming───expand-down
+//	          ││││    ││ │││┌──writeable────readable
+//	          ││││    ││ ││││┌─accessed─────accessed
+//	          ││││    ││ │││││
+//	          ││││ ┌──││─│││││───────────────────────────────┐
+//	      ┌───││││─│──││─│││││───────────┐                   │
+//	  ┌───┴──┐││││┌┴─┐│├┐│││││┌──────────┴───────────┐┌──────┴───────┐
+//	  │      ││││││  ││││││││││          base address││ segment limit│
+//	  │      ││││││  ││││││││││               32 bits││       20 bits│
+//	  │      ││││││  ││││││││││                      ││              │
+//	  6666555555555544444444443333333333222222222211111111110000000000
+//	  3210987654321098765432109876543210987654321098765432109876543210
+//	  │      ││││││  ││││││││││                      ││              │
+.quad	0b0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 # 0
+.quad	0b0000000000001111100110100000000000000000000000001111111111111111 # 8
+.quad	0b0000000000001111100100100000000000000000000000001111111111111111 #16
+.quad	0b0000000011001111100110100000000000000000000000001111111111111111 #24
+.quad	0b0000000011001111100100100000000000000000000000001111111111111111 #32
+.quad	0b0000000010101111100110110000000000000000000000001111111111111111 #40
+.quad	0b0000000010101111100100110000000000000000000000001111111111111111 #48
+.tssdescstub _tss							#56,64
+_gdt_end:
+	.endobj	_gdt,global,hidden
+	.previous
+
 	.section .piro.data.sort.iat.1,"aw",@progbits
 	.type	ape_idata_iatend,@object
 	.type	ape_idata_iat,@object
@@ -1136,42 +1289,22 @@ sconf:	.short	1843200/*hz*/ / 16/*wut*/ / 9600/*baud*/
 	.endobj	sconf,global,hidden

 //	Global Descriptor Table
-//
-//	@note address portion only concern legacy modes
 	.align	8
-gdt:	.short	2f-1f		# table byte length
-	.long	REAL(1f),0	# table address
-	.zero	2
-1:
-//	          ┌G:granularity (1 → limit *= 0x1000)
-//	          │┌D/B:default operation size (0 = 16|64bit, 1 = 32-bit)
-//	          ││┌L:long mode
-//	          │││┌AVL:this bit is thine (1<<52)
-//	          ││││    ┌P:present
-//	          ││││    │┌DPL:privilege
-//	          ││││    ││ ┌─────────data/code(1)
-//	          ││││    ││ │┌────data(0)──────code(1)
-//	          ││││    ││ ││┌───conforming───expand-down
-//	          ││││    ││ │││┌──writeable────readable
-//	          ││││    ││ ││││┌─accessed─────accessed
-//	          ││││    ││ │││││
-//	          ││││ ┌──││─│││││───────────────────────────────┐
-//	      ┌───││││─│──││─│││││───────────┐                   │
-//	  ┌───┴──┐││││┌┴─┐│├┐│││││┌──────────┴───────────┐┌──────┴───────┐
-//	  │      ││││││  ││││││││││          base address││ segment limit│
-//	  │      ││││││  ││││││││││               32 bits││       20 bits│
-//	  │      ││││││  ││││││││││                      ││              │
-//	  6666555555555544444444443333333333222222222211111111110000000000
-//	  3210987654321098765432109876543210987654321098765432109876543210
-//	  │      ││││││  ││││││││││                      ││              │
-.quad	0b0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 # 0
-.quad	0b0000000000001111100110100000000000000000000000001111111111111111 # 8
-.quad	0b0000000000001111100100100000000000000000000000001111111111111111 #16
-.quad	0b0000000011001111100110100000000000000000000000001111111111111111 #24
+_gdtrlo:
+	.short	2f-_gdtlo-1	# table byte length
+	.long	REAL(_gdtlo)	# table address (base memory space)
+	.endobj	_gdtrlo,global,hidden
+_gdtr:
+	.short	_gdt_end-_gdt-1	# table byte length
+	.quad	_gdt		# table address (final virtual space)
+	.endobj	_gdtr,global,hidden
+	.align	8
+//	Partial GDT with descriptors for switching to unreal mode or long mode.
+_gdtlo	= .-GDT_LEGACY_DATA
 .quad	0b0000000011001111100100100000000000000000000000001111111111111111 #32
 .quad	0b0000000010101111100110110000000000000000000000001111111111111111 #40
 .quad	0b0000000010101111100100110000000000000000000000001111111111111111 #48
-2:	.endobj	gdt,global,hidden
+2:

 /*─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╗
 │ αcτµαlly pδrταblε εxεcµταblε § real mode                                     │
@@ -1179,6 +1312,7 @@ gdt:	.short	2f-1f		# table byte length
 	the default mode of operation on modern cpus */

 realmodeloader:
+	call	lhinit
 	call	rlinit
 	call	sinit4
 	.optfn	_start16
@@ -1186,6 +1320,25 @@ realmodeloader:
 	call	longmodeloader
 	.endfn	realmodeloader

+//	Prepares to later load parts of the program that are not loaded yet.
+//
+//	@param	al next sector number
+//	@param	cx next cylinder number
+//	@param	dh next head number
+//	@param	dl drive number
+//	@clob	ax, cx, es, di
+lhinit:	cmp	$0x40,%dl
+	je	9f
+	pushpop	0,%es
+	mov	$mm+"struct mman::pc_drive_next_sector",%di
+	cld
+	stosb	#→ pc_drive_next_sector
+	xchg	%ax,%cx
+	stosw	#→ pc_drive_next_cylinder
+	mov	%dh,%al
+	stosb	#→ pc_drive_next_head
+9:	ret
+
 	.section .sort.text.real.init.1,"ax",@progbits
 	.type	rlinit,@function
 rlinit:	.previous/*
@@ -1246,17 +1399,19 @@ longmodeloader:
 	call	lcheck
 	call	a20
 	call	e820
+	call	cpyhi
+	call	loadhi
 	call	pinit
 	call	golong
 	.endfn	longmodeloader

 //	Long Mode Hardware Check
-lcheck:	pushf				# check for i8086 / i8088 / i80186
-	pop	%ax
-	test	$0x80,%ah		# see intel manual volume 1 20.1.2
-	jnz	10f			# we now assume 32bit is supported
-	pushfl				# now check for i386 or early i486
-	pop	%eax			# test ability to change cpuid bit
+lcheck:	pushf				# checks for i8086 / i8088 / i80186
+	pop	%ax			# see intel manual volume 1 §20.1.2
+	test	$0x80,%ah
+	jnz	10f			# we now assume 32 bit is supported
+	pushfl				# now check for i386, or early i486
+	pop	%eax			# tests ability to change cpuid bit
 	mov	%eax,%ecx
 	mov	$1<<21,%ebx
 	xor	%ebx,%eax
@@ -1269,16 +1424,16 @@ lcheck:	pushf				# check for i8086 / i8088 / i80186
 	or	%ebx,%eax		# puts cpuid bit in the on position
 	push	%eax
 	popfl
-	mov	$0x80000000,%edi	# get amd ext cpuid thingy length
+	mov	$0x80000000,%edi	# get amd64 ext cpuid thingy length
 	mov	%edi,%eax
 	inc	%edi
-	cpuid				# clobbers eax, ebx, ecx, and edx
+	cpuid				# leaf 0x80000000, clob ax/bx/cx/dx
 	cmp	%edi,%eax
 	jl	10f
 	mov	%edi,%eax
-	cpuid
-	mov	$1<<29,%edi		# need nexgen32e long mode support
-	and	%edi,%edx
+	cpuid				# leaf 0x80000001, clob ax/bx/cx/dx
+	mov	$1<<29|1<<20,%edi	# 29 = LM (long), 20 = NX (no exec)
+	and	%edi,%edx		# we need to both, or we won't work
 	cmp	%edi,%edx
 	jne	10f
 	xor	%ax,%ax
@@ -1288,29 +1443,39 @@ lcheck:	pushf				# check for i8086 / i8088 / i80186
 	.endfn	lcheck

 //	Gets memory map from BIOS.
-e820:	mov	$0x0510>>4,%di		# mman::e820
-	mov	%di,%es
-	xor	%edi,%edi		# es:di is destination buffer
-	xor	%ebx,%ebx		# ebx is an api state tracker
+e820:	xor	%ebx,%ebx		# %ebx is an api state tracker
+	mov	%bx,%es
+	mov	$mm+"struct mman::e820",%di # es:di is destination buffer
 1:	mov	$0xE820,%eax		# magic
 	mov	$8+8+4+4,%ecx		# sizeof(struct SmapEntry)
 	mov	$0x534d4150,%edx	# magic number
+	movl	$1,8+8+4/*SmapEntry::acpi3*/(%di) # prefill ACPI attributes;
+					# apparently some buggy BIOSes say
+					# that they return this field, yet
+					# do not fill it correctly
 	int	$0x15			# ax,bx,cx,dx,di → ax,bx,cx
 	jc	9f			# cf = unsupported or abuse
 	cmp	%edx,%eax		# more magic means success
 	jne	9f
 	test	%cx,%cx			# discard empty results
 	jz	5f
+	mov	8/*LODWORD(SmapEntry::size)*/(%di),%eax
+	or	8+4/*HIDWORD(SmapEntry::size)*/(%di),%eax
+	jz	5f
 	cmp	$8+8+4+1,%cx		# discard if ignore flag
 	jb	4f
-	testb	$1/*ignore*/,8+8+4/*SmapEntry::__acpi3*/(%di)
-	jnz	5f
+	testb	$1/*don't ignore*/,8+8+4/*SmapEntry::acpi3*/(%di)
+	jz	5f
 4:	add	$8+8+4+4,%di		# keep entry
 5:	test	%ebx,%ebx		# last entry?
 	jz	8f
-	cmp	$0x1000,%di
+	cmp	$mm+"struct mman::e820_end"-(8+8+4+4),%di
 	jb	1b
-8:	ret
+8:	xor	%ax,%ax			# add a blank sentinel entry
+	mov	$(8+8)/2,%cx
+	cld
+	rep stosw
+	ret
 9:	mov	$REAL(str.e820),%di
 	call	rldie
 	.endfn	e820
@@ -1378,11 +1543,96 @@ a20:	cli
 5:	ret
 	.endfn	a20

+//	Copies program pages loaded into base memory, to extended memory.
+//
+//	@clob	esi, edi
+cpyhi:	push	%es
+	movpp	%ds,%es
+	call	unreal
+	mov	$IMAGE_BASE_REAL,%esi
+	mov	$IMAGE_BASE_PHYSICAL,%edi
+	mov	$v_ape_realdwords,%ecx
+	cld
+	rep movsl %ds:(%esi),%es:(%edi)
+	sti
+	pop	%es
+	ret
+	.endfn	cpyhi
+
+//	Disables interrupts and switches to "unreal mode".
+//
+//	@return	ds, es have same base addresses as before but can access
+//		4 GiB of memory
+//	@clob	eax
+unreal:	push	%ds
+	push	%es
+	cli
+	lgdt	REAL(_gdtrlo)
+	mov	%cr0,%eax
+	or	$CR0_PE,%al
+	mov	%eax,%cr0
+	jmp	0f
+0:	pushpop	GDT_LEGACY_DATA,%ds
+	movpp	%ds,%es
+	and	$~CR0_PE,%al
+	mov	%eax,%cr0
+	jmp	1f
+1:	pop	%es
+	pop	%ds
+	ret
+
+//	Reads any remaining program pages into memory which have not yet
+//	been read by the boot sector.
+//
+//	@clob	eax, ecx, dx, esi, edi, bp
+loadhi:	mov	$v_ape_highsectors,%bp
+	test	%bp,%bp
+	jz	9f
+	mov	$mm+"struct mman::pc_drive",%si
+	cld
+	lodsb	#← pc_drive
+	xchg	%ax,%dx
+	lodsw
+	lodsb	#← pc_drive_next_sector
+	test	%al,%al
+	jz	9f
+	xchg	%ax,%cx
+	lodsw	#← pc_drive_next_cylinder
+	xchg	%ax,%cx
+	mov	(%si),%dh #← pc_drive_next_head
+	push	%es
+#define	SEG 0x79000
+	mov	$IMAGE_BASE_PHYSICAL+v_ape_realbytes-SEG,%edi
+	push	$SEG>>4
+	pop	%es
+0:	call	pcread
+	push	%ax
+	call	unreal
+	pop	%ax
+	push	%cx
+	xor	%esi,%esi
+	xor	%ecx,%ecx
+	mov	$512/4,%cl
+	cld
+	rep movsl %es:(%esi),%es:(%edi)
+	sti
+	pop	%cx
+	dec	%bp
+	jnz	0b
+	pop	%es
+9:	ret
+
 //	Initializes long mode paging.
 pinit:	push	%ds
-#define	SEG 0x79000
+	push	%es
 	mov	$SEG>>4,%ax
 	mov	%ax,%ds
+	mov	%ax,%es
+	xor	%di,%di
+	xor	%ax,%ax
+	mov	$(0x7f000-SEG)/2,%cx
+	cld
+	rep stosw
 	movl	$0x7d000+PAGE_V+PAGE_RW,0x7e000-SEG	# PDPT←PML4T (+)
 	movl	$0x7c000+PAGE_V+PAGE_RW,0x7e800-SEG	# PDPT←PML4T (-)
 	movl	$0x7b000+PAGE_V+PAGE_RW,0x7d000-SEG	# PDT←PDPT   (+)
@@ -1390,14 +1640,15 @@ pinit:	push	%ds
 	movl	$0x79000+PAGE_V+PAGE_RW,0x7b000-SEG	# PD←PDT     (+)
 	movl	$0x79000+PAGE_V+PAGE_RW,0x7a000-SEG	# PD←PDT     (-)
 	mov	$512,%cx				# PD±2MB
-	mov	$PAGE_V+PAGE_RW,%eax
-	xor	%si,%si
-0:	mov	%eax,(%si)
+	mov	$PAGE_V+PAGE_RSRV+PAGE_RW,%eax
+	xor	%di,%di
+0:	stosl
 	add	$0x1000,%eax
-	add	$8,%si
+	scasl						# di += 4
 	loop	0b
 	mov	$0x7e000,%eax				# PML4T←CR3
 	mov	%eax,%cr3
+	pop	%es
 	pop	%ds
 	ret
 	.endfn	pinit
@@ -1406,15 +1657,15 @@ pinit:	push	%ds
 //
 //	@see	Intel Manual V3A §4.1.2
 golong:	cli
-	lidt	0x1522					# mman::bad_idt
+	lidt	mm+"struct mman::bad_idt"
 	mov	%cr4,%eax
 	or	$CR4_PAE|CR4_PGE|CR4_OSFXSR,%eax
 	mov	%eax,%cr4
 	movl	$EFER,%ecx
 	rdmsr
-	or	$EFER_LME|EFER_SCE,%eax
+	or	$EFER_LME|EFER_SCE|EFER_NXE,%eax
 	wrmsr
-	lgdt	REAL(gdt)
+	lgdt	REAL(_gdtrlo)
 	mov	%cr0,%eax
 	or	$CR0_PE|CR0_PG|CR0_MP,%eax
 	and	$~CR0_EM,%eax
@@ -1424,8 +1675,10 @@ golong:	cli

 //	Long mode is long.
 	.code64
-long:	push	$GDT_LONG_DATA
-	pop	%rax
+long:	movabs	$BANE+PHYSICAL(0f),%rax
+	jmp	*%rax
+0:	xor	%eax,%eax
+	mov	$GDT_LONG_DATA,%al
 	mov	%eax,%ds
 	mov	%eax,%ss
 	mov	%eax,%es
@@ -1438,13 +1691,15 @@ long:	push	$GDT_LONG_DATA
 	xor	%r15d,%r15d
 	xor	%ebx,%ebx
 	xor	%ebp,%ebp
-	push	%rbp
-	mov	$0x0500,%rdi			# mman
+	mov	$mm,%rdi
 	mov	%cr3,%rsi
-	mov	$IMAGE_BASE_REAL,%edx
+	mov	$IMAGE_BASE_PHYSICAL,%edx
+	lea	v_ape_allbytes(%rdx),%ecx
 	call	__map_phdrs
 	push	$0x037f
 	fldcw	(%rsp)
+	lgdt	_gdtr					# reload GDTR for
+							# virtual memory space
 	movabs	$kernel,%rax
 	jmp	*%rax
 	.endfn	long
@@ -1525,21 +1780,25 @@ kernel:	movabs	$ape_stack_vaddr,%rsp
 	.byte	0x0f,0x1f,0207			# nop rdi binbase
 	.long	(IMAGE_BASE_VIRTUAL-IMAGE_BASE_REAL)/512
 #endif
-	push	$METAL				# sets __hostos in crt.S
+	movabs	$BANE+mm,%rdi
+	mov	$0x79000,%esi
+	mov	$0x7f000,%edx
+	call	__reclaim_boot_pages
+	push	$_HOSTMETAL			# sets __hostos in crt.S
 	pop	%rcx
-	push	$0
+	pushq	.Lenv0(%rip)			# envp[0][0]
 	mov	%rsp,%rbp
-	mov	.Lenv0(%rip),%rax
-	mov	%rax,(%rbp)			# envp[0][0]
-	push	$0				# argv[0][0]
+	pushq	.Largv0+8(%rip)			# argv[0][8]
+	pushq	.Largv0(%rip)			# argv[0][0]
+	mov	%rsp,%rax
 	push	$0				# auxv[1][1]
 	push	$0				# auxv[1][0]
-	push	%rbp				# auxv[0][1]
+	push	%rax				# auxv[0][1]
 	push	$31				# auxv[0][0] AT_EXECFN
 	push	$0				# envp[1]
-	push	$.Lenv0				# envp[0]
+	push	%rbp				# envp[0]
 	push	$0				# argv[1]
-	push	%rbp				# argv[0]
+	push	%rax				# argv[0]
 	push	$1				# argc
 	xor	%ebp,%ebp
 	xor	%eax,%eax
@@ -1555,6 +1814,9 @@ kernel:	movabs	$ape_stack_vaddr,%rsp

 	.rodata
 .Lenv0:	.asciz	"METAL=1"
+.Largv0:
+	.asciz	APE_COM_NAME
+	.org	.Largv0+16
 	.previous

 #endif /* SupportsMetal() */
@@ -1567,6 +1829,7 @@ kernel:	movabs	$ape_stack_vaddr,%rsp
 	.ldsvar	_end
 	.ldsvar	_etext
 	.ldsvar	v_ape_realsectors
+	.ldsvar	v_ape_realbytes
 	.ldsvar	v_ape_highsectors
 	.ldsvar	ape_idata_ro
 	.ldsvar	ape_pad_rodata
@@ -1660,5 +1923,21 @@ __bss_start:
 __bss_end:
 	.previous

+	.section .blink,"a",@progbits
+	.globl	blink_aarch64_size
+blink_aarch64:
+	.incbin	"ape/blink-aarch64.gz"
+	.endobj	blink_aarch64,globl
+blink_aarch64_size = . - blink_aarch64
+	.previous
+
+	.section .blink,"a",@progbits
+	.globl	blink_darwin_arm64_size
+blink_darwin_arm64:
+	.incbin	"ape/blink-darwin-arm64.gz"
+	.endobj	blink_darwin_arm64,globl
+blink_darwin_arm64_size = . - blink_darwin_arm64
+	.previous
+
 .end

@@ -180,6 +180,7 @@
 #include "libc/elf/def.h"
 #include "libc/elf/pf2prot.internal.h"
 #include "libc/nt/pedef.internal.h"
+#include "libc/thread/tls.h"
 #include "libc/zip.h"

 ENTRY(_start)
@@ -215,6 +216,8 @@ SECTIONS {
    KEEP(*(.elf.phdrs))
    HIDDEN(ape_phdrs_end = .);

+    KEEP(*(.emush))
+
    /* OpenBSD */
    . = ALIGN(__SIZEOF_POINTER__);
    HIDDEN(ape_note = .);
@@ -272,6 +275,7 @@ SECTIONS {
    KEEP(*(.textwindowsprologue))
    *(.text.windows)
    KEEP(*(.textwindowsepilogue))
+    KEEP(*(.blink))
    *(SORT_BY_ALIGNMENT(.text.modernity))
    *(SORT_BY_ALIGNMENT(.text.modernity.*))
    *(SORT_BY_ALIGNMENT(.text.hot))
@@ -279,6 +283,7 @@ SECTIONS {
    KEEP(*(.keep.text))
    *(.text .stub .text.*)
    KEEP(*(SORT_BY_NAME(.sort.text.*)))
+    *(.subrs)

    KEEP(*(.ape.pad.test));
    *(.test.unlikely)
@@ -347,9 +352,30 @@ SECTIONS {
    HIDDEN(_etext = .);
    PROVIDE_HIDDEN(etext = .);
 /*END: Read Only Data (only needed for initialization) */
-/*END: Read Only Data */
  } :Rom

+/* initialization image for thread-local storage, this is copied */
+/* out to actual TLS areas at runtime, so just make it read-only */
+  .tdata . : {
+    _tdata_start = .;
+    *(SORT_BY_ALIGNMENT(.tdata))
+    *(SORT_BY_ALIGNMENT(.tdata.*))
+    _tdata_end = .;
+    . = ALIGN(PAGESIZE);
+  } :Tls :Rom
+/*END: Read Only Data */
+
+/* this only tells the linker about the layout of uninitialized */
+/* TLS data, and does not advance the linker's location counter */
+  .tbss . : {
+    _tbss_start = .;
+    *(SORT_BY_ALIGNMENT(.tbss))
+    *(SORT_BY_ALIGNMENT(.tbss.*))
+    . = ALIGN(TLS_ALIGNMENT);
+    /* the %fs register is based on this location */
+    _tbss_end = .;
+  } :Tls
+
  .data ALIGN(PAGESIZE) : {
 /*BEGIN: Read/Write Data */
    KEEP(*(SORT_BY_NAME(.piro.data.sort.iat.*)))
@@ -380,30 +406,10 @@ SECTIONS {
    PROVIDE_HIDDEN(edata = .);
    KEEP(*(SORT_BY_NAME(.zip.*)))
    HIDDEN(_ezip = .);
+    . = ALIGN(PAGESIZE);
  } :Ram

-  .tdata . : {
-    _tdata_start = .;
-    *(SORT_BY_ALIGNMENT(.tdata))
-    *(SORT_BY_ALIGNMENT(.tdata.*))
-    . = ALIGN(16);
-    _tdata_end = .;
-    . = ALIGN(PAGESIZE);
-  } :Tls
-  . = ALIGN(PAGESIZE);
-
 /*END:   file content that's loaded by o/s */
-/*BEGIN: bss memory void */
-
-  .tbss . : {
-    _tbss_start = .;
-    *(SORT_BY_ALIGNMENT(.tbss))
-    *(SORT_BY_ALIGNMENT(.tbss.*))
-    . = ALIGN(16);
-    /* the %fs register is based on this location */
-    _tbss_end = .;
-  } :Tls
-
 /*END:   file content */
 /*BEGIN: bss memory that's addressable */

@@ -426,7 +432,7 @@ SECTIONS {

    KEEP(*(.bssepilogue))
 /*END: NT FORK COPYING */
-    . = ALIGN(FRAMESIZE); /* for brk()/sbrk() allocation */
+    . = ALIGN(PAGESIZE);
    HIDDEN(_end = .);
    PROVIDE_HIDDEN(end = .);
  } :Bss
@@ -457,6 +463,7 @@ SECTIONS {
  .debug_line        0 : { *(.debug_line .debug_line.* .debug_line_end ) }
  .debug_frame       0 : { *(.debug_frame) }
  .debug_str         0 : { *(.debug_str) }
+  .debug_line_str    0 : { *(.debug_line_str) }
  .debug_loc         0 : { *(.debug_loc) }
  .debug_macinfo     0 : { *(.debug_macinfo) }
  .debug_weaknames   0 : { *(.debug_weaknames) }
@@ -465,6 +472,7 @@ SECTIONS {
  .debug_varnames    0 : { *(.debug_varnames) }
  .debug_pubtypes    0 : { *(.debug_pubtypes) }
  .debug_ranges      0 : { *(.debug_ranges) }
+  .debug_rnglists    0 : { *(.debug_rnglists) }
  .debug_macro       0 : { *(.debug_macro) }
  .debug_addr        0 : { *(.debug_addr) }
  .gnu.attributes    0 : { KEEP(*(.gnu.attributes)) }
@@ -485,8 +493,10 @@ PFSTUB4(ape_elf_phnum, (ape_phdrs_end - ape_phdrs) / 56);
 PFSTUB4(ape_elf_shnum, 0);
 PFSTUB4(ape_elf_shstrndx, 0);

-HIDDEN(_tdata_size = _tdata_end - _tdata_start);
 HIDDEN(_tls_size = _tbss_end - _tdata_start);
+HIDDEN(_tdata_size = _tdata_end - _tdata_start);
+HIDDEN(_tbss_size = _tbss_end - _tbss_start);
+HIDDEN(_tbss_offset = _tbss_start - _tdata_start);
 HIDDEN(_tls_content = (_tdata_end - _tdata_start) + (_tbss_end - _tbss_start));

 HIDDEN(__privileged_addr = ROUNDDOWN(__privileged_start, PAGESIZE));
@@ -504,7 +514,7 @@ HIDDEN(ape_rom_rva = RVA(ape_rom_vaddr));
 HIDDEN(ape_ram_offset = ape_rom_offset + ape_rom_filesz);
 HIDDEN(ape_ram_vaddr = ADDR(.data));
 HIDDEN(ape_ram_paddr = LOADADDR(.data));
-HIDDEN(ape_ram_filesz = SIZEOF(.data) + SIZEOF(.tdata));
+HIDDEN(ape_ram_filesz = SIZEOF(.data));
 HIDDEN(ape_ram_memsz = ADDR(.bss) + SIZEOF(.bss) - ape_ram_vaddr);
 HIDDEN(ape_ram_align = PAGESIZE);
 HIDDEN(ape_ram_rva = RVA(ape_ram_vaddr));
@@ -528,16 +538,16 @@ HIDDEN(ape_note_align = __SIZEOF_POINTER__);
 HIDDEN(ape_text_offset = ape_rom_offset + LOADADDR(.text) - ape_rom_paddr);
 HIDDEN(ape_text_paddr = LOADADDR(.text));
 HIDDEN(ape_text_vaddr = ADDR(.text));
-HIDDEN(ape_text_filesz = SIZEOF(.text));
-HIDDEN(ape_text_memsz = SIZEOF(.text));
+HIDDEN(ape_text_filesz = SIZEOF(.text) + SIZEOF(.tdata));
+HIDDEN(ape_text_memsz = SIZEOF(.text) + SIZEOF(.tdata));
 HIDDEN(ape_text_align = PAGESIZE);
 HIDDEN(ape_text_rva = RVA(ape_text_vaddr));

 HIDDEN(ape_data_offset = ape_ram_offset + LOADADDR(.data) - ape_ram_paddr);
 HIDDEN(ape_data_paddr = LOADADDR(.data));
 HIDDEN(ape_data_vaddr = ADDR(.data));
-HIDDEN(ape_data_filesz = SIZEOF(.data) + SIZEOF(.tdata));
-HIDDEN(ape_data_memsz = SIZEOF(.data) + SIZEOF(.tdata));
+HIDDEN(ape_data_filesz = SIZEOF(.data));
+HIDDEN(ape_data_memsz = SIZEOF(.data));
 HIDDEN(ape_data_align = PAGESIZE);
 HIDDEN(ape_data_rva = RVA(ape_data_vaddr));

@@ -557,13 +567,59 @@ SHSTUB2(ape_loader_dd_count,
            ? ROUNDUP(ape_loader_end - ape_loader, PAGESIZE) / 64
            : 0);

+HIDDEN(blink_aarch64_b0 = RVA(blink_aarch64) % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_aarch64_b1 = RVA(blink_aarch64) < 10 ? 32 : RVA(blink_aarch64) / 10 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_aarch64_b2 = RVA(blink_aarch64) < 100 ? 32 : RVA(blink_aarch64) / 100 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_aarch64_b3 = RVA(blink_aarch64) < 1000 ? 32 : RVA(blink_aarch64) / 1000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_aarch64_b4 = RVA(blink_aarch64) < 10000 ? 32 : RVA(blink_aarch64) / 10000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_aarch64_b5 = RVA(blink_aarch64) < 100000 ? 32 : RVA(blink_aarch64) / 100000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_aarch64_b6 = RVA(blink_aarch64) < 1000000 ? 32 : RVA(blink_aarch64) / 1000000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_aarch64_b7 = RVA(blink_aarch64) < 10000000 ? 32 : RVA(blink_aarch64) / 10000000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_aarch64_b8 = RVA(blink_aarch64) < 100000000 ? 32 : RVA(blink_aarch64) / 100000000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_aarch64_b9 = RVA(blink_aarch64) < 1000000000 ? 32 : RVA(blink_aarch64) / 1000000000 % 10 + 48);
+
+HIDDEN(blink_aarch64_size_b0 = blink_aarch64_size % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_aarch64_size_b1 = blink_aarch64_size < 10 ? 32 : blink_aarch64_size / 10 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_aarch64_size_b2 = blink_aarch64_size < 100 ? 32 : blink_aarch64_size / 100 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_aarch64_size_b3 = blink_aarch64_size < 1000 ? 32 : blink_aarch64_size / 1000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_aarch64_size_b4 = blink_aarch64_size < 10000 ? 32 : blink_aarch64_size / 10000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_aarch64_size_b5 = blink_aarch64_size < 100000 ? 32 : blink_aarch64_size / 100000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_aarch64_size_b6 = blink_aarch64_size < 1000000 ? 32 : blink_aarch64_size / 1000000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_aarch64_size_b7 = blink_aarch64_size < 10000000 ? 32 : blink_aarch64_size / 10000000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_aarch64_size_b8 = blink_aarch64_size < 100000000 ? 32 : blink_aarch64_size / 100000000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_aarch64_size_b9 = blink_aarch64_size < 1000000000 ? 32 : blink_aarch64_size / 1000000000 % 10 + 48);
+
+HIDDEN(blink_darwin_arm64_b0 = RVA(blink_darwin_arm64) % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_darwin_arm64_b1 = RVA(blink_darwin_arm64) < 10 ? 32 : RVA(blink_darwin_arm64) / 10 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_darwin_arm64_b2 = RVA(blink_darwin_arm64) < 100 ? 32 : RVA(blink_darwin_arm64) / 100 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_darwin_arm64_b3 = RVA(blink_darwin_arm64) < 1000 ? 32 : RVA(blink_darwin_arm64) / 1000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_darwin_arm64_b4 = RVA(blink_darwin_arm64) < 10000 ? 32 : RVA(blink_darwin_arm64) / 10000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_darwin_arm64_b5 = RVA(blink_darwin_arm64) < 100000 ? 32 : RVA(blink_darwin_arm64) / 100000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_darwin_arm64_b6 = RVA(blink_darwin_arm64) < 1000000 ? 32 : RVA(blink_darwin_arm64) / 1000000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_darwin_arm64_b7 = RVA(blink_darwin_arm64) < 10000000 ? 32 : RVA(blink_darwin_arm64) / 10000000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_darwin_arm64_b8 = RVA(blink_darwin_arm64) < 100000000 ? 32 : RVA(blink_darwin_arm64) / 100000000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_darwin_arm64_b9 = RVA(blink_darwin_arm64) < 1000000000 ? 32 : RVA(blink_darwin_arm64) / 1000000000 % 10 + 48);
+
+HIDDEN(blink_darwin_arm64_size_b0 = blink_darwin_arm64_size % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_darwin_arm64_size_b1 = blink_darwin_arm64_size < 10 ? 32 : blink_darwin_arm64_size / 10 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_darwin_arm64_size_b2 = blink_darwin_arm64_size < 100 ? 32 : blink_darwin_arm64_size / 100 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_darwin_arm64_size_b3 = blink_darwin_arm64_size < 1000 ? 32 : blink_darwin_arm64_size / 1000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_darwin_arm64_size_b4 = blink_darwin_arm64_size < 10000 ? 32 : blink_darwin_arm64_size / 10000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_darwin_arm64_size_b5 = blink_darwin_arm64_size < 100000 ? 32 : blink_darwin_arm64_size / 100000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_darwin_arm64_size_b6 = blink_darwin_arm64_size < 1000000 ? 32 : blink_darwin_arm64_size / 1000000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_darwin_arm64_size_b7 = blink_darwin_arm64_size < 10000000 ? 32 : blink_darwin_arm64_size / 10000000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_darwin_arm64_size_b8 = blink_darwin_arm64_size < 100000000 ? 32 : blink_darwin_arm64_size / 100000000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_darwin_arm64_size_b9 = blink_darwin_arm64_size < 1000000000 ? 32 : blink_darwin_arm64_size / 1000000000 % 10 + 48);
+
 #if SupportsMetal()
 HIDDEN(v_ape_realsectors =
-           MIN(0x70000 - IMAGE_BASE_REAL,
-               ROUNDUP(RVA(_edata), 4096)) / 512);
-HIDDEN(v_ape_realpages = v_ape_realsectors / (4096 / 512));
-HIDDEN(v_ape_highsectors =
-           (ROUNDUP(RVA(_edata), 512) / 512) - v_ape_realsectors);
+           MIN(0x70000 - IMAGE_BASE_REAL, ROUNDUP(RVA(_ezip), 512)) / 512);
+HIDDEN(v_ape_realbytes = v_ape_realsectors * 512);
+HIDDEN(v_ape_realdwords = v_ape_realsectors * (512 / 4));
+HIDDEN(v_ape_allsectors = ROUNDUP(RVA(_ezip), 512) / 512);
+HIDDEN(v_ape_allbytes = v_ape_allsectors * 512);
+HIDDEN(v_ape_highsectors = MIN(0xffff, v_ape_allsectors - v_ape_realsectors));
+TSSDESCSTUB2(_tss, _tss, _tss_end ? _tss_end - _tss - 1 : 0);
 #endif

 /* ZIP End of Central Directory header */
@@ -645,7 +701,7 @@ CHURN(ADDR(.bss));
 CHURN(_start);
 CHURN(ape_phdrs);
 #if SupportsMetal()
-CHURN(v_ape_realsectors);
+CHURN(v_ape_allsectors);
 #endif
 #if SupportsXnu()
 CHURN(ape_macho);
@@ -708,8 +764,11 @@ ASSERT(!DEFINED(_start16) || REAL(_end) < 65536,
 ASSERT(IS2POW(ape_stack_memsz),
       "ape_stack_memsz must be a two power");

-ASSERT(!(ape_stack_vaddr & (ape_stack_memsz - 1)),
-       "ape_stack_vaddr must have ape_stack_memsz alignment; try using STATIC_STACK_ADDR(0x700000000000 - ape_stack_memsz);");
+ASSERT(ape_stack_vaddr % ape_stack_memsz == 0,
+       "ape_stack_vaddr must have ape_stack_memsz alignment; try using STATIC_STACK_ADDR(0x700000040000 & -ape_stack_memsz);");
+
+ASSERT(ALIGNOF(.tdata) <= TLS_ALIGNMENT && ALIGNOF(.tbss) <= TLS_ALIGNMENT,
+       "_Thread_local _Alignof can't exceed TLS_ALIGNMENT");

 /* Let's not be like Knight Capital. */
 /* NOCROSSREFS_TO(.test .text) */
@@ -63,7 +63,27 @@ o/$(MODE)/ape/ape.lds:				\
 		ape/macros.internal.h		\
 		ape/relocations.h		\
 		libc/intrin/bits.h		\
+		libc/thread/tls.h		\
 		libc/calls/struct/timespec.h	\
+		libc/thread/thread.h		\
+		libc/dce.h			\
+		libc/elf/def.h			\
+		libc/elf/pf2prot.internal.h	\
+		libc/macros.internal.h		\
+		libc/nt/pedef.internal.h	\
+		libc/str/str.h			\
+		libc/zip.h
+
+o/$(MODE)/ape/public/ape.lds: OVERRIDE_CPPFLAGS += -UCOSMO
+o/$(MODE)/ape/public/ape.lds:			\
+		ape/public/ape.lds		\
+		ape/ape.lds			\
+		ape/macros.internal.h		\
+		ape/relocations.h		\
+		libc/intrin/bits.h		\
+		libc/thread/tls.h		\
+		libc/calls/struct/timespec.h	\
+		libc/thread/thread.h		\
 		libc/dce.h			\
 		libc/elf/def.h			\
 		libc/elf/pf2prot.internal.h	\
@@ -76,6 +96,10 @@ o/ape/idata.inc:				\
 		ape/idata.internal.h		\
 		ape/relocations.h

+o/$(MODE)/ape/ape.o:				\
+		ape/blink-aarch64.gz		\
+		ape/blink-darwin-arm64.gz
+
 o/$(MODE)/ape/ape-no-modify-self.o:		\
 		ape/ape.S			\
 		ape/macros.internal.h		\
@@ -87,6 +111,7 @@ o/$(MODE)/ape/ape-no-modify-self.o:		\
 		libc/macho.internal.h		\
 		libc/macros.internal.h		\
 		libc/nexgen32e/uart.internal.h	\
+		libc/calls/metalfile.internal.h	\
 		libc/nexgen32e/vidya.internal.h	\
 		libc/nt/pedef.internal.h	\
 		libc/runtime/e820.internal.h	\
@@ -94,6 +119,8 @@ o/$(MODE)/ape/ape-no-modify-self.o:		\
 		libc/runtime/pc.internal.h	\
 		libc/runtime/symbolic.h		\
 		libc/sysv/consts/prot.h		\
+		ape/blink-aarch64.gz		\
+		ape/blink-darwin-arm64.gz	\
 		o/$(MODE)/ape/ape.elf
 	@$(COMPILE)				\
 		-AOBJECTIFY.S			\
@@ -113,13 +140,16 @@ o/$(MODE)/ape/ape-copy-self.o:			\
 		libc/macho.internal.h		\
 		libc/macros.internal.h		\
 		libc/nexgen32e/uart.internal.h	\
+		libc/calls/metalfile.internal.h	\
 		libc/nexgen32e/vidya.internal.h	\
 		libc/nt/pedef.internal.h	\
 		libc/runtime/e820.internal.h	\
 		libc/runtime/mman.internal.h	\
 		libc/runtime/pc.internal.h	\
 		libc/runtime/symbolic.h		\
-		libc/sysv/consts/prot.h
+		libc/sysv/consts/prot.h		\
+		ape/blink-aarch64.gz		\
+		ape/blink-darwin-arm64.gz
 	@$(COMPILE)				\
 		-AOBJECTIFY.S			\
 		$(OBJECTIFY.S)			\
@@ -159,6 +189,7 @@ o/$(MODE)/ape/ape.macho.dbg:			\
 o/$(MODE)/ape:	$(APE_CHECKS)			\
 		o/$(MODE)/ape/ape.o		\
 		o/$(MODE)/ape/ape.lds		\
+		o/$(MODE)/ape/public/ape.lds	\
 		o/$(MODE)/ape/ape.elf		\
 		o/$(MODE)/ape/ape.macho		\
 		o/$(MODE)/ape/ape-copy-self.o	\
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #!/bin/sh

-if [ $UID -eq 0 ]; then
+if [ "$(id -u)" -eq 0 ]; then
  SUDO=
 else
  SUDO=sudo
@@ -97,6 +97,8 @@ if [ x"$(uname -s)" = xLinux ]; then
  echo you may need to edit configs to persist across reboot >&2
  echo '$SUDO sh -c "echo '"'"':APE:M::MZqFpD::/usr/bin/ape:'"'"' >/proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc/register"' >&2
  $SUDO sh -c "echo ':APE:M::MZqFpD::/usr/bin/ape:' >/proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc/register" || exit
+  echo '$SUDO sh -c "echo '"'"':APE-jart:M::jartsr::/usr/bin/ape:'"'"' >/proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc/register"' >&2
+  $SUDO sh -c "echo ':APE-jart:M::jartsr::/usr/bin/ape:' >/proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc/register" || exit
  echo done >&2

  if [ x"$(cat /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc/status)" = xdisabled ]; then
@@ -8,17 +8,19 @@ fi

 {
  echo
-  echo "APE Uninstaller intends to run"
+  echo "APE Uninstaller intends to run (in pseudo-shell)"
  echo
-  echo "    $SUDO sh -c 'echo -1 >/proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc/APE'"
-  echo "    $SUDO rm -f /usr/bin/ape ~/.ape o/tmp/.ape /tmp/.ape"
+  echo "    sudo echo -1 into /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc/APE*"
+  echo "    sudo rm -f /usr/bin/ape ~/.ape o/tmp/.ape /tmp/.ape"
  echo
  echo "You may then use ape/apeinstall.sh to reinstall it"
  echo
 } >&2

 set -ex
-if [ -f /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc/APE ]; then
-  $SUDO sh -c 'echo -1 >/proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc/APE' || exit
-fi
+for f in /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc/APE*; do
+  if [ -f $f ]; then
+    $SUDO sh -c "echo -1 >$f" || exit
+  fi
+done
 $SUDO rm -f /usr/bin/ape ~/.ape o/tmp/.ape o/tmp/ape /tmp/.ape /tmp/ape || exit
@@ -32,23 +32,23 @@
 //	@see	ape/ape.lds
 //	@see	winimp
 .macro	.imp	dll:req fn:req actual:req hint
-	.dll	\dll
-	.section .piro.data.sort.iat.2.\dll\().2.\actual,"aw",@progbits
+	.dll	"\dll"
+	.section ".piro.data.sort.iat.2.\dll\().2.\actual","aw",@progbits
 	.type	\fn,@object
 	.align	__SIZEOF_POINTER__
-\fn:	.quad	RVA((\dll\().\actual))
+\fn:	.quad	RVA(("\dll\().\actual"))
 	.size	\fn,.-\fn
 	.globl	\fn
 	.hidden	\fn
 	.previous
-	.section .idata.ro.ilt.\dll\().2.\actual,"a",@progbits
-.Lidata.ilt.\dll\().\actual:
-	.quad	RVA((\dll\().\actual))
-	.type	.Lidata.ilt.\dll\().\actual,@object
-	.size	.Lidata.ilt.\dll\().\actual,.-.Lidata.ilt.\dll\().\actual
+	.section ".idata.ro.ilt.\dll\().2.\actual","a",@progbits
+".Lidata.ilt.\dll\().\actual":
+	.quad	RVA("\dll\().\actual")
+	.type	".Lidata.ilt.\dll\().\actual",@object
+	.size	".Lidata.ilt.\dll\().\actual",.-".Lidata.ilt.\dll\().\actual"
 	.previous
-	.section .idata.ro.hnt.\dll\().2.\actual,"a",@progbits
-\dll\().\actual:
+	.section ".idata.ro.hnt.\dll\().2.\actual","a",@progbits
+"\dll\().\actual":
 	.ifnb	\hint			# hint i.e. guess function ordinal
 	.short	\hint
 	.else
@@ -56,55 +56,55 @@
 	.endif
 	.asciz	"\actual"
 	.align	2			# documented requirement
-	.globl	\dll\().\actual
-	.hidden	\dll\().\actual
-	.type	\dll\().\actual,@object
-	.size	\dll\().\actual,.-\dll\().\actual
+	.globl	"\dll\().\actual"
+	.hidden	"\dll\().\actual"
+	.type	"\dll\().\actual",@object
+	.size	"\dll\().\actual",.-"\dll\().\actual"
 	.previous
 .endm

 //	Defines DLL import.
 //	@note	this is an implementation detail of .imp
 .macro	.dll	name:req
-  .section .idata.ro.idt.2.\name,"aG",@progbits,\name,comdat
-	.equ	.Lidata.idt.\name,.
-	.long	RVA(idata.ilt.\name)		# ImportLookupTable
+  .section ".idata.ro.idt.2.\name","aG",@progbits,"\name",comdat
+	.equ	".Lidata.idt.\name",.
+	.long	RVA("idata.ilt.\name")		# ImportLookupTable
 	.long	0				# TimeDateStamp
 	.long	0				# ForwarderChain
-	.long	RVA(.Lidata.str.\name)		# DllNameRva
-	.long	RVA(idata.iat.\name)		# ImportAddressTable
-	.type	.Lidata.idt.\name,@object
-	.size	.Lidata.idt.\name,.-.Lidata.idt.\name
+	.long	RVA(".Lidata.str.\name")	# DllNameRva
+	.long	RVA("idata.iat.\name")		# ImportAddressTable
+	.type	".Lidata.idt.\name",@object
+	.size	".Lidata.idt.\name",.-".Lidata.idt.\name"
  .previous
-  .section .idata.ro.ilt.\name\().1,"aG",@progbits,\name,comdat
+  .section ".idata.ro.ilt.\name\().1","aG",@progbits,"\name",comdat
 	.align	__SIZEOF_POINTER__
-	.type	idata.ilt.\name,@object
-idata.ilt.\name:
+	.type	"idata.ilt.\name",@object
+"idata.ilt.\name":
 	.previous/*
 	...
 	decentralized content
 	...
-	*/.section .idata.ro.ilt.\name\().3,"aG",@progbits,\name,comdat
+	*/.section ".idata.ro.ilt.\name\().3","aG",@progbits,"\name",comdat
 	.quad	0
  .previous
-  .section .idata.ro.hnt.\name\().1,"aG",@progbits,\name,comdat
+  .section ".idata.ro.hnt.\name\().1","aG",@progbits,"\name",comdat
 	.align	__SIZEOF_POINTER__
-	.type	idata.hnt.\name,@object
-	.equ	idata.hnt.\name,.
+	.type	"idata.hnt.\name",@object
+	.equ	"idata.hnt.\name",.
  .previous
-  .section .piro.data.sort.iat.2.\name\().1,"awG",@progbits,\name,comdat
+  .section ".piro.data.sort.iat.2.\name\().1","awG",@progbits,"\name",comdat
 	.align	__SIZEOF_POINTER__
-	.type	idata.iat.\name,@object
-idata.iat.\name:
+	.type	"idata.iat.\name",@object
+"idata.iat.\name":
 	.previous/*
 	...
 	decentralized content
 	...
-	*/.section .piro.data.sort.iat.2.\name\().3,"awG",@progbits,\name,comdat
+	*/.section ".piro.data.sort.iat.2.\name\().3","awG",@progbits,"\name",comdat
 	.quad	0
  .previous
  .section .rodata.str1.1,"aSM",@progbits,1
-.Lidata.str.\name:
+".Lidata.str.\name":
 	.asciz	"\name\().dll"
  .previous
 .endm
@@ -175,7 +175,7 @@ macho:	.long	0xFEEDFACE+1
 510:	.quad	0				# rax
 	.quad	0				# rbx
 	.quad	0				# rcx
-	.quad	XNU				# rdx
+	.quad	_HOSTXNU			# rdx
 	.quad	0				# rdi
 	.quad	0				# rsi
 	.quad	0				# rbp
@@ -221,7 +221,7 @@ _start:
 	jne	0f
 	cmp	$+1,%edx
 	jne	0f
-	mov	$XNU,%dl
+	mov	$_HOSTXNU,%dl
 	xor	%ecx,%ecx

 0:	mov	%rsp,%rsi
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ macho:	.long	0xFEEDFACE+1
 510:	.quad	0				# rax
 	.quad	0				# rbx
 	.quad	0				# rcx
-	.quad	XNU				# rdx
+	.quad	_HOSTXNU			# rdx
 	.quad	0				# rdi
 	.quad	0				# rsi
 	.quad	0				# rbp
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ _start:
 	jne	0f
 	cmp	$+1,%edx
 	jne	0f
-	mov	$XNU,%dl
+	mov	$_HOSTXNU,%dl
 	xor	%ecx,%ecx

 0:	mov	%rsp,%rsi
@@ -179,7 +179,7 @@ struct ElfPhdr {

 extern char ehdr[];
 extern char _end[];
-static void *syscall;
+static void *syscall_;
 static char relocated;
 static struct PathSearcher ps;
 extern char __syscall_loader[];
@@ -275,7 +275,7 @@ __attribute__((__noreturn__)) static void Exit(int rc, int os) {
  asm volatile("call\t*%2"
               : /* no outputs */
               : "a"((IsLinux() ? 60 : 1) | (IsXnu() ? 0x2000000 : 0)), "D"(rc),
-                 "rm"(syscall)
+                 "rm"(syscall_)
               : "memory");
  __builtin_unreachable();
 }
@@ -285,7 +285,7 @@ static void Close(int fd, int os) {
  asm volatile("call\t*%4"
               : "=a"(ax), "=D"(di)
               : "0"((IsLinux() ? 3 : 6) | (IsXnu() ? 0x2000000 : 0)), "1"(fd),
-                 "rm"(syscall)
+                 "rm"(syscall_)
               : "rcx", "rdx", "rsi", "r8", "r9", "r10", "r11", "memory", "cc");
 }

@@ -295,7 +295,7 @@ static int Read(int fd, void *data, int size, int os) {
  asm volatile("call\t*%8"
               : "=a"(ax), "=D"(di), "=S"(si), "=d"(dx)
               : "0"((IsLinux() ? 0 : 3) | (IsXnu() ? 0x2000000 : 0)), "1"(fd),
-                 "2"(data), "3"(size), "rm"(syscall)
+                 "2"(data), "3"(size), "rm"(syscall_)
               : "rcx", "r8", "r9", "r10", "r11", "memory");
  return ax;
 }
@@ -306,7 +306,7 @@ static void Write(int fd, const void *data, int size, int os) {
  asm volatile("call\t*%8"
               : "=a"(ax), "=D"(di), "=S"(si), "=d"(dx)
               : "0"((IsLinux() ? 1 : 4) | (IsXnu() ? 0x2000000 : 0)), "1"(fd),
-                 "2"(data), "3"(size), "rm"(syscall)
+                 "2"(data), "3"(size), "rm"(syscall_)
               : "rcx", "r8", "r9", "r10", "r11", "memory", "cc");
 }

@@ -315,7 +315,7 @@ static void Execve(const char *prog, char **argv, char **envp, int os) {
  asm volatile("call\t*%8"
               : "=a"(ax), "=D"(di), "=S"(si), "=d"(dx)
               : "0"(59 | (IsXnu() ? 0x2000000 : 0)), "1"(prog), "2"(argv),
-                 "3"(envp), "rm"(syscall)
+                 "3"(envp), "rm"(syscall_)
               : "rcx", "r8", "r9", "r10", "r11", "memory", "cc");
 }

@@ -325,7 +325,7 @@ static int Access(const char *path, int mode, int os) {
  asm volatile("call\t*%7"
               : "=a"(ax), "=D"(di), "=S"(si), "=d"(dx)
               : "0"((IsLinux() ? 21 : 33) | (IsXnu() ? 0x2000000 : 0)),
-                 "1"(path), "2"(mode), "rm"(syscall)
+                 "1"(path), "2"(mode), "rm"(syscall_)
               : "rcx", "r8", "r9", "r10", "r11", "memory", "cc");
  return ax;
 }
@@ -338,7 +338,7 @@ static int Msyscall(long p, long n, int os) {
  } else {
    asm volatile("call\t*%6"
                 : "=a"(ax), "=D"(di), "=S"(si)
-                 : "0"(37), "1"(p), "2"(n), "rm"(syscall)
+                 : "0"(37), "1"(p), "2"(n), "rm"(syscall_)
                 : "rcx", "rdx", "r8", "r9", "r10", "r11", "memory", "cc");
    return ax;
  }
@@ -350,7 +350,7 @@ static int Open(const char *path, int flags, int mode, int os) {
  asm volatile("call\t*%8"
               : "=a"(ax), "=D"(di), "=S"(si), "=d"(dx)
               : "0"((IsLinux() ? 2 : 5) | (IsXnu() ? 0x2000000 : 0)),
-                 "1"(path), "2"(flags), "3"(mode), "rm"(syscall)
+                 "1"(path), "2"(flags), "3"(mode), "rm"(syscall_)
               : "rcx", "r8", "r9", "r10", "r11", "memory", "cc");
  return ax;
 }
@@ -369,7 +369,7 @@ __attribute__((__noinline__)) static long Mmap(long addr, long size, int prot,
               "pop\t%%r9"
               : "=a"(ax), "=D"(di), "=S"(si), "=d"(dx), "+r"(flags_),
                 "+r"(fd_), "+r"(off_)
-               : "rm"(syscall),
+               : "rm"(syscall_),
                 "0"((IsLinux()     ? 9
                      : IsFreebsd() ? 477
                                    : 197) |
@@ -589,7 +589,7 @@ __attribute__((__noreturn__)) static void Spawn(int os, const char *exe, int fd,
  // since it probably means a userspace program executed this loader
  // and passed us a custom syscall function earlier.
  if (Msyscall(code, codesize, os) != -1) {
-    syscall = 0;
+    syscall_ = 0;
  }

 #if TROUBLESHOOT
@@ -600,7 +600,7 @@ __attribute__((__noreturn__)) static void Spawn(int os, const char *exe, int fd,
  // to extend the behavior of this loader in the future. we don't need
  // to clear the xmm registers since the ape loader should be compiled
  // with the -mgeneral-regs-only flag.
-  register void *r8 asm("r8") = syscall;
+  register void *r8 asm("r8") = syscall_;
  asm volatile("xor\t%%eax,%%eax\n\t"
               "xor\t%%r9d,%%r9d\n\t"
               "xor\t%%r10d,%%r10d\n\t"
@@ -659,10 +659,10 @@ __attribute__((__noreturn__)) void ApeLoader(long di, long *sp, char dl,
  }

  // get syscall function pointer
-  if (handoff && handoff->syscall) {
-    syscall = handoff->syscall;
+  if (handoff && handoff->systemcall) {
+    syscall_ = handoff->systemcall;
  } else {
-    syscall = __syscall_loader;
+    syscall_ = __syscall_loader;
  }

  if (handoff) {
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ struct ApeLoader {
  int os;
  char *prog;
  char *page;
-  void *syscall;
+  void *systemcall;
 };

 #endif /* COSMOPOLITAN_APE_LOADER_H_ */
@@ -180,6 +180,20 @@
 .stub	\name\()_bcs\n,long
 .endm

+//	Task State Segment Descriptor Entries.
+.macro	.tssdescstub name:req
+ .ifndef \name
+  .weak	\name
+  .set	\name,0
+ .endif
+ .ifndef \name\()_end
+  .weak	\name\()_end
+  .set	\name\()_end,0
+ .endif
+ .stub	\name\()_desc_ent0,quad
+ .stub	\name\()_desc_ent1,quad
+.endm
+
 /* clang-format on */
 #elif defined(__LINKER__)

@@ -221,44 +235,58 @@
 /**
 * Binary coded decimal support.
 *
- * <p>This allows linker scripts to generate dd commands. Leading spaces
- * need to be inserted so Mac doesn't consider them octal; therefore,
- * parameters must be quoted; and eight digits should be good enough.
+ * <p>This allows linker scripts to generate dd commands, e.g. ape.lds.
+ * There are a few ways to pad each number to the necessary 8 bytes.
+ * Spaces cannot be prepended because busybox refuses to parse them.
+ * Zeros cannot be prepended because Mac will take numbers as octal.
+ * That leaves appending spaces. The user's shell ought to treat any
+ * unquoted run of spaces as if there was only one, so this is safe.
 */
-#define SHSTUB2(SYM, X)           \
-  HIDDEN(SYM##_bcs0 = BCD10K(X)); \
-  HIDDEN(SYM##_bcs1 = BCD(X))
-#define BCD(X)                                                                 \
-  ((X) == 0                                                                    \
-       ? 0x20202030                                                            \
-       : (X) < 10 ? 0x30202020 + (((X) % 10) << 24)                            \
-                  : (X) < 100 ? 0x30302020 + (((X) % 10) << 24) +              \
-                                    (((X) / 10 % 10) << 16)                    \
-                              : (X) < 1000 ? 0x30303020 + (((X) % 10) << 24) + \
-                                                 (((X) / 10 % 10) << 16) +     \
-                                                 (((X) / 100 % 10) << 8)       \
-                                           : 0x30303030 + (((X) % 10) << 24) + \
-                                                 (((X) / 10 % 10) << 16) +     \
-                                                 (((X) / 100 % 10) << 8) +     \
-                                                 (((X) / 1000 % 10) << 0))
-#define BCD10K(X)                                                          \
-  ((X) < 10000                                                             \
-       ? 0x20202020                                                        \
-       : (X) < 100000                                                      \
-             ? 0x30202020 + (((X) / 10000 % 10) << 24)                     \
-             : (X) < 1000000                                               \
-                   ? 0x30302020 + (((X) / 10000 % 10) << 24) +             \
-                         (((X) / 100000 % 10) << 16)                       \
-                   : (X) < 10000000                                        \
-                         ? 0x30303020 + (((X) / 10000 % 10) << 24) +       \
-                               (((X) / 100000 % 10) << 16) +               \
-                               (((X) / 1000000 % 10) << 8)                 \
-                         : (X) < 100000000                                 \
-                               ? 0x30303030 + (((X) / 10000 % 10) << 24) + \
-                                     (((X) / 100000 % 10) << 16) +         \
-                                     (((X) / 1000000 % 10) << 8) +         \
-                                     (((X) / 10000000 % 10) << 0)          \
-                               : 0xffffffffffffffff)
+#define SHSTUB2(SYM, X)             \
+  HIDDEN(SYM##_bcs0 = BCD_LEFT(X)); \
+  HIDDEN(SYM##_bcs1 = BCD_RIGHT(X))
+#define BCD_SMEAR(X) ((X) + (X) * 10000)
+#define BCD_LEFT(X)                                      \
+  (((X)) < 10000     ? BCD_RIGHT(BCD_SMEAR(X)) | 0x10    \
+   : (X) < 100000    ? BCD_RIGHT(BCD_SMEAR((X) / 10))    \
+   : (X) < 1000000   ? BCD_RIGHT(BCD_SMEAR((X) / 100))   \
+   : (X) < 10000000  ? BCD_RIGHT(BCD_SMEAR((X) / 1000))  \
+   : (X) < 100000000 ? BCD_RIGHT(BCD_SMEAR((X) / 10000)) \
+                     : 0xffffffffffffffff)
+#define BCD_RIGHT(X) \
+  (((X)) < 10000     ? 0x20202020                  \
+   : (X) < 100000    ? 0x20202030 +                \
+                       (X) % 10                    \
+   : (X) < 1000000   ? 0x20203030 +                \
+                       ((X) / 10) % 10 +           \
+                       (X) % 10 * 0x100            \
+   : (X) < 10000000  ? 0x20303030 +                \
+                       ((X) / 100) % 10 +          \
+                       ((X) / 10) % 10 * 0x100 +   \
+                       (X) % 10 * 0x10000          \
+   : (X) < 100000000 ? 0x30303030 +                \
+                       ((X) / 1000) % 10 +         \
+                       ((X) / 100) % 10 * 0x100 +  \
+                       ((X) / 10) % 10 * 0x10000 + \
+                       (X) % 10 * 0x1000000        \
+                     : 0xffffffffffffffff)
+
+/**
+ * Laying out the GDT entries for a TSS for bare metal operation.
+ */
+#define TSSDESCSTUB2(SYM, BASE, LIM)                 \
+  HIDDEN(SYM##_desc_ent0 = TSSDESC_ENT0(BASE, LIM)); \
+  HIDDEN(SYM##_desc_ent1 = TSSDESC_ENT1(BASE));      \
+  ASSERT((LIM) >= 0 && (LIM) <= 0xffff, "bare metal TSS is suspiciously fat")
+#define TSSDESC_ENT0(BASE, LIM)                \
+  (((LIM)        <<  0 & 0x000000000000ffff) | \
+   ((BASE)       << 16 & 0x000000ffffff0000) | \
+    0x89         << 40                       | \
+   ((LIM)  >> 16 << 48 & 0x000f000000000000) | \
+    0x2          << 52                       | \
+   ((BASE) >> 24 << 56 & 0xff00000000000000))
+#define TSSDESC_ENT1(BASE)                     \
+   ((BASE) >> 32 <<  0 & 0x00000000ffffffff)

 #endif /* __ASSEMBLER__ */
 #endif /* APE_MACROS_H_ */
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+#include "ape/ape.lds"
@@ -36,8 +36,8 @@
 */
 #define REAL(x) ((x) - (IMAGE_BASE_VIRTUAL - IMAGE_BASE_REAL))

-#if IMAGE_BASE_VIRTUAL % 0x200000 != 0
-#error "IMAGE_BASE_VIRTUAL must be 2mb aligned"
+#if IMAGE_BASE_VIRTUAL % 0x1000 != 0
+#error "IMAGE_BASE_VIRTUAL must be 4kb aligned"
 #endif
 #if IMAGE_BASE_PHYSICAL % 0x1000 != 0
 #error "IMAGE_BASE_PHYSICAL must be 4kb aligned"
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+#ifndef COSMOPOLITAN_APE_SECTIONS_INTERNAL_H_
+#define COSMOPOLITAN_APE_SECTIONS_INTERNAL_H_
+#if !(__ASSEMBLER__ + __LINKER__ + 0)
+COSMOPOLITAN_C_START_
+
+extern unsigned char _base[];
+extern unsigned char _ehead[];
+extern unsigned char _etext[];
+extern unsigned char _edata[];
+extern unsigned char _ezip[];
+extern unsigned char _end[];
+extern unsigned char _ereal[];
+extern unsigned char _tdata_start[];
+extern unsigned char _tdata_end[];
+extern unsigned char _tbss_start[];
+extern unsigned char _tbss_end[];
+extern unsigned char __privileged_start[];
+extern unsigned char __privileged_addr[];
+extern unsigned char __privileged_size[];
+extern unsigned char __privileged_end[];
+extern unsigned char __test_start[];
+extern unsigned char __ro[];
+extern unsigned char *__relo_start[];
+extern unsigned char *__relo_end[];
+extern uint8_t __zip_start[];
+extern uint8_t __zip_end[];
+extern uint8_t __data_start[];
+extern uint8_t __data_end[];
+extern uint8_t __bss_start[];
+extern uint8_t __bss_end[];
+
+COSMOPOLITAN_C_END_
+#endif /* !(__ASSEMBLER__ + __LINKER__ + 0) */
+#endif /* COSMOPOLITAN_APE_SECTIONS_INTERNAL_H_ */
@@ -4,20 +4,35 @@
 # Default Mode
 #
 #   - `make`
+#   - Optimized
 #   - Backtraces
+#   - Debuggable
 #   - Syscall tracing
 #   - Function tracing
 #   - Reasonably small
-#   - Reasonably optimized
-#   - Reasonably debuggable
+#
 ifeq ($(MODE),)
-CONFIG_CCFLAGS +=		\
-	$(BACKTRACES)		\
-	$(FTRACE)		\
-	-DSYSDEBUG		\
-	-O2
-TARGET_ARCH ?=			\
-	-msse3
+CONFIG_CCFLAGS += $(BACKTRACES) $(FTRACE) -O2
+CONFIG_CPPFLAGS += -DSYSDEBUG
+TARGET_ARCH ?= -msse3
+endif
+
+# Fast Build Mode
+#
+#   - `make MODE=fastbuild`
+#   - No debugging
+#   - Syscall tracing
+#   - Function tracing
+#   - Some optimizations
+#   - Limited Backtraces
+#   - Compiles 28% faster
+#
+ifeq ($(MODE),fastbuild)
+CONFIG_CCFLAGS += $(BACKTRACES) $(FTRACE) -O
+CONFIG_CPPFLAGS += -DSYSDEBUG -DDWARFLESS
+CONFIG_OFLAGS += -g0
+CONFIG_LDFLAGS += -S
+TARGET_ARCH ?= -msse3
 endif

 # Optimized Mode
@@ -31,19 +46,11 @@ endif
 #   - No memory corruption detection
 #   - assert() / CHECK_xx() may leak code into binary for debuggability
 #   - GCC 8+ hoists check fails into .text.cold, thus minimizing impact
+#
 ifeq ($(MODE), opt)
-CONFIG_CPPFLAGS +=		\
-	-DNDEBUG		\
-	-msse2avx		\
-	-Wa,-msse2avx
-CONFIG_CCFLAGS +=		\
-	$(BACKTRACES)		\
-	$(FTRACE)		\
-	-DSYSDEBUG		\
-	-O3			\
-	-fmerge-all-constants
-TARGET_ARCH ?=			\
-	-march=native
+CONFIG_CPPFLAGS += -DNDEBUG -DSYSDEBUG -msse2avx -Wa,-msse2avx
+CONFIG_CCFLAGS += $(BACKTRACES) $(FTRACE) -O3 -fmerge-all-constants
+TARGET_ARCH ?= -march=native
 endif

 # Optimized Linux Mode
@@ -54,18 +61,12 @@ endif
 #   - Turns off function tracing
 #   - Turns off support for older cpu models
 #   - Turns off support for other operating systems
+#
 ifeq ($(MODE), optlinux)
-CONFIG_CPPFLAGS +=		\
-	-DNDEBUG		\
-	-msse2avx		\
-	-Wa,-msse2avx		\
-	-DSUPPORT_VECTOR=1
-CONFIG_CCFLAGS +=		\
-	-O3 -fmerge-all-constants
-DEFAULT_COPTS +=		\
-	-mred-zone
-TARGET_ARCH ?=			\
-	-march=native
+CONFIG_CPPFLAGS += -DNDEBUG -msse2avx -Wa,-msse2avx -DSUPPORT_VECTOR=1
+CONFIG_CCFLAGS += -O3 -fmerge-all-constants
+DEFAULT_COPTS += -mred-zone
+TARGET_ARCH ?= -march=native
 endif

 # Release Mode
@@ -81,16 +82,12 @@ endif
 #   - DCHECK_xx() statements removed
 #   - No memory corruption detection
 #   - CHECK_xx() won't leak strings into binary
+#
 ifeq ($(MODE), rel)
-CONFIG_CPPFLAGS +=		\
-	-DNDEBUG
-CONFIG_CCFLAGS +=		\
-	$(BACKTRACES)		\
-	-O2
-TARGET_ARCH ?=			\
-	-msse3
-PYFLAGS +=			\
-	-O1
+CONFIG_CPPFLAGS += -DNDEBUG
+CONFIG_CCFLAGS += $(BACKTRACES) -O2
+TARGET_ARCH ?= -msse3
+PYFLAGS += -O1
 endif

 # Asan Mode
@@ -103,14 +100,11 @@ endif
 #   - Backtraces
 #   - Debuggability
 #   - Larger binaries
+#
 ifeq ($(MODE), asan)
-CONFIG_CCFLAGS +=		\
-	$(BACKTRACES)		\
-	-O2
-CONFIG_COPTS +=			\
-	-fsanitize=address
-TARGET_ARCH ?=			\
-	-msse3
+CONFIG_CCFLAGS += $(BACKTRACES) -O2 -DSYSDEBUG
+CONFIG_COPTS += -fsanitize=address
+TARGET_ARCH ?= -msse3
 endif

 # Debug Mode
@@ -122,22 +116,29 @@ endif
 #   - Stack canaries
 #   - No optimization (TODO)
 #   - Enormous binaries
+#
 ifeq ($(MODE), dbg)
-CONFIG_CPPFLAGS +=		\
-	-DMODE_DBG
-CONFIG_CCFLAGS +=		\
-	$(BACKTRACES)		\
-	$(FTRACE)		\
-	-DSYSDEBUG		\
-	-O2			\
-	-fno-inline
-CONFIG_COPTS +=			\
-	-fsanitize=address	\
-	-fsanitize=undefined
-TARGET_ARCH ?=			\
-	-msse3
-OVERRIDE_CCFLAGS +=		\
-	-fno-pie
+CONFIG_CPPFLAGS += -DMODE_DBG
+CONFIG_CCFLAGS += $(BACKTRACES) $(FTRACE) -DSYSDEBUG -O -fno-inline
+CONFIG_COPTS += -fsanitize=address -fsanitize=undefined
+TARGET_ARCH ?= -msse3
+OVERRIDE_CCFLAGS += -fno-pie
+endif
+
+# System Five Mode
+#
+#   - `make MODE=sysv`
+#   - Optimized
+#   - Backtraces
+#   - Debuggable
+#   - Syscall tracing
+#   - Function tracing
+#   - No Windows bloat!
+#
+ifeq ($(MODE), sysv)
+CONFIG_CCFLAGS += $(BACKTRACES) $(FTRACE) -O2
+CONFIG_CPPFLAGS += -DSYSDEBUG -DSUPPORT_VECTOR=121
+TARGET_ARCH ?= -msse3
 endif

 # Tiny Mode
@@ -151,6 +152,7 @@ endif
 #   - No backtraces
 #   - No algorithmics
 #   - YOLO
+#
 ifeq ($(MODE), tiny)
 CONFIG_CPPFLAGS +=			\
 	-DTINY				\
@@ -165,7 +167,12 @@ CONFIG_CCFLAGS +=			\
 	-fschedule-insns2		\
 	-fomit-frame-pointer		\
 	-momit-leaf-frame-pointer	\
-	-foptimize-sibling-calls
+	-foptimize-sibling-calls	\
+	-DDWARFLESS
+CONFIG_OFLAGS +=			\
+	-g0
+CONFIG_LDFLAGS +=			\
+	-S
 TARGET_ARCH ?=				\
 	-msse3
 PYFLAGS +=				\
@@ -185,14 +192,20 @@ endif
 #   - No portability
 #   - No algorithmics
 #   - YOLO
+#
 ifeq ($(MODE), tinylinux)
 CONFIG_CPPFLAGS +=			\
 	-DTINY				\
 	-DNDEBUG			\
 	-DTRUSTWORTHY			\
-	-DSUPPORT_VECTOR=1
+	-DSUPPORT_VECTOR=1		\
+	-DDWARFLESS
 DEFAULT_COPTS +=			\
 	-mred-zone
+CONFIG_OFLAGS +=			\
+	-g0
+CONFIG_LDFLAGS +=			\
+	-S
 CONFIG_CCFLAGS +=			\
 	-Os				\
 	-fno-align-functions		\
@@ -216,14 +229,20 @@ endif
 #   - No backtraces
 #   - No algorithmics
 #   - YOLO
+#
 ifeq ($(MODE), tinylinuxbsd)
 CONFIG_CPPFLAGS +=		\
 	-DTINY			\
 	-DNDEBUG		\
 	-DTRUSTWORTHY		\
-	-DSUPPORT_VECTOR=113
+	-DSUPPORT_VECTOR=113	\
+	-DDWARFLESS
 DEFAULT_COPTS +=		\
 	-mred-zone
+CONFIG_OFLAGS +=		\
+	-g0
+CONFIG_LDFLAGS +=		\
+	-S
 CONFIG_CCFLAGS +=		\
 	-Os			\
 	-fno-align-functions	\
@@ -246,12 +265,14 @@ endif
 #   - No backtraces
 #   - No algorithmics
 #   - YOLO
+#
 ifeq ($(MODE), tinysysv)
 CONFIG_CPPFLAGS +=		\
 	-DTINY			\
 	-DNDEBUG		\
 	-DTRUSTWORTHY		\
-	-DSUPPORT_VECTOR=121
+	-DSUPPORT_VECTOR=121	\
+	-DDWARFLESS
 DEFAULT_COPTS +=		\
 	-mred-zone
 CONFIG_CCFLAGS +=		\
@@ -260,6 +281,10 @@ CONFIG_CCFLAGS +=		\
 	-fno-align-jumps	\
 	-fno-align-labels	\
 	-fno-align-loops
+CONFIG_OFLAGS +=		\
+	-g0
+CONFIG_LDFLAGS +=		\
+	-S
 TARGET_ARCH ?=			\
 	-msse3
 endif
@@ -276,22 +301,50 @@ endif
 #   - No backtraces
 #   - No algorithmics
 #   - YOLO
+#
 ifeq ($(MODE), tinynowin)
 CONFIG_CPPFLAGS +=		\
 	-DTINY			\
 	-DNDEBUG		\
 	-DTRUSTWORTHY		\
-	-DSUPPORT_VECTOR=251
+	-DSUPPORT_VECTOR=251	\
+	-DDWARFLESS
 CONFIG_CCFLAGS +=		\
 	-Os			\
 	-fno-align-functions	\
 	-fno-align-jumps	\
 	-fno-align-labels	\
 	-fno-align-loops
+CONFIG_OFLAGS +=		\
+	-g0
+CONFIG_LDFLAGS +=		\
+	-S
 TARGET_ARCH ?=			\
 	-msse3
 endif

+# GCC11 Mode
+# https://justine.lol/compilers/x86_64-linux-musl__x86_64-linux-musl__g++-11.2.0.tar.xz
+ifeq ($(MODE), gcc11)
+.UNVEIL += rx:/opt/gcc11
+CONFIG_CCFLAGS += $(BACKTRACES) $(FTRACE) -DSYSDEBUG -O2
+AS = /opt/gcc11/bin/x86_64-linux-musl-as
+CC = /opt/gcc11/bin/x86_64-linux-musl-gcc
+CXX = /opt/gcc11/bin/x86_64-linux-musl-g++
+CXXFILT = /opt/gcc11/bin/x86_64-linux-musl-c++filt
+LD = /opt/gcc11/bin/x86_64-linux-musl-ld.bfd
+NM = /opt/gcc11/bin/x86_64-linux-musl-nm
+GCC = /opt/gcc11/bin/x86_64-linux-musl-gcc
+STRIP = /opt/gcc11/bin/x86_64-linux-musl-strip
+OBJCOPY = /opt/gcc11/bin/x86_64-linux-musl-objcopy
+OBJDUMP = /opt/gcc11/bin/x86_64-linux-musl-objdump
+ADDR2LINE = /opt/gcc11/bin/x86_64-linux-musl-addr2line
+CONFIG_CCFLAGS += $(BACKTRACES) $(FTRACE) -O2 -Wno-stringop-overread
+CONFIG_CFLAGS += -Wno-old-style-definition
+CONFIG_CPPFLAGS += -DNDEBUG -DSYSDEBUG
+TARGET_ARCH ?= -msse3
+endif
+
 # LLVM Mode
 ifeq ($(MODE), llvm)
 TARGET_ARCH ?= -msse3
@@ -45,7 +45,6 @@
 LC_ALL = C
 SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH = 0

-TAGS ?= /usr/bin/ctags  # emacs source builds or something breaks it
 ARFLAGS = rcsD
 ZFLAGS ?=
 XARGS ?= xargs -P4 -rs8000
@@ -73,33 +72,25 @@ IMAGE_BASE_VIRTUAL ?= 0x400000
 IGNORE := $(shell $(ECHO) -2 ♥cosmo)
 IGNORE := $(shell $(MKDIR) o/tmp)

-ifneq ("$(wildcard o/third_party/gcc/bin/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-as.exe)","")
-AS = o/third_party/gcc/bin/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-as.exe
-CC = o/third_party/gcc/bin/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-gcc.exe
-CXX = o/third_party/gcc/bin/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-g++.exe
-CXXFILT = o/third_party/gcc/bin/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-c++filt.exe
-LD = o/third_party/gcc/bin/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-ld.bfd.exe
-NM = o/third_party/gcc/bin/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-nm.exe
-GCC = o/third_party/gcc/bin/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-gcc.exe
-STRIP = o/third_party/gcc/bin/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-strip.exe
-OBJCOPY = o/third_party/gcc/bin/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-objcopy.exe
-OBJDUMP = o/third_party/gcc/bin/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-objdump.exe
-ADDR2LINE = $(PWD)/o/third_party/gcc/bin/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-addr2line.exe
+ifneq ("$(wildcard o/third_party/gcc/bin/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-*)","")
+PREFIX = o/third_party/gcc/bin/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-
 else
 IGNORE := $(shell build/bootstrap/unbundle.com)
-AS = o/third_party/gcc/bin/x86_64-linux-musl-as
-CC = o/third_party/gcc/bin/x86_64-linux-musl-gcc
-CXX = o/third_party/gcc/bin/x86_64-linux-musl-g++
-CXXFILT = o/third_party/gcc/bin/x86_64-linux-musl-c++filt
-LD = o/third_party/gcc/bin/x86_64-linux-musl-ld.bfd
-NM = o/third_party/gcc/bin/x86_64-linux-musl-nm
-GCC = o/third_party/gcc/bin/x86_64-linux-musl-gcc
-STRIP = o/third_party/gcc/bin/x86_64-linux-musl-strip
-OBJCOPY = o/third_party/gcc/bin/x86_64-linux-musl-objcopy
-OBJDUMP = o/third_party/gcc/bin/x86_64-linux-musl-objdump
-ADDR2LINE = $(PWD)/o/third_party/gcc/bin/x86_64-linux-musl-addr2line
+PREFIX = o/third_party/gcc/bin/x86_64-linux-musl-
 endif

+AS = $(PREFIX)as
+CC = $(PREFIX)gcc
+CXX = $(PREFIX)g++
+CXXFILT = $(PREFIX)c++filt
+LD = $(PREFIX)ld.bfd
+NM = $(PREFIX)nm
+GCC = $(PREFIX)gcc
+STRIP = $(PREFIX)strip
+OBJCOPY = $(PREFIX)objcopy
+OBJDUMP = $(PREFIX)objdump
+ADDR2LINE = $(PWD)/$(PREFIX)addr2line
+
 export ADDR2LINE
 export LC_ALL
 export MKDIR
@@ -148,6 +139,7 @@ DEFAULT_CCFLAGS =							\

 DEFAULT_OFLAGS =							\
 	-g								\
+	-gdwarf-4							\
 	-gdescribe-dies

 DEFAULT_COPTS =								\
@@ -43,6 +43,9 @@
 #     '(progn
 #        (add-hook 'c-mode-common-hook 'jart-c-mode-common-hook)))

+TAGS="$1"
+shift
+
 # ctags doesn't understand atomics, e.g.
 #   extern char **environ;
 set -- --regex-c='/_Atomic(\([^)]*\))/\1/b' "$@"
@@ -63,7 +66,7 @@ set -- --regex-c='/^extern [^(]*(\*const \([^)]*\))(/\1/b' "$@"
 #   struct WorstSoftwareEver;
 set -- --regex-c='/^struct.*;$/uehocruehcroue/b' "$@"

-exec ${TAGS:-ctags}                                               \
+exec $TAGS                                                        \
     -e                                                           \
     --langmap=c:.c.h                                             \
     --exclude=libc/nt/struct/imagefileheader.internal.h          \
@@ -43,13 +43,6 @@ o/$(MODE)/%.initabi.o: %.initabi.c ; @$(COMPILE) -AOBJECTIFY.init $(OBJECTIFY.in
 o/$(MODE)/%.ncabi.o: %.ncabi.c     ; @$(COMPILE) -AOBJECTIFY.nc $(OBJECTIFY.ncabi.c) $(OUTPUT_OPTION) $<
 o/$(MODE)/%.real.o: %.c            ; @$(COMPILE) -AOBJECTIFY.real $(OBJECTIFY.real.c) $(OUTPUT_OPTION) $<

-o/$(MODE)/%.runs: o/$(MODE)/%      ; @$(COMPILE) -ACHECK -wtT$@ $< $(TESTARGS)
-o/$(MODE)/%-gcc.asm: %.c           ; @$(COMPILE) -AOBJECTIFY.c $(OBJECTIFY.c) -S -g0 $(OUTPUT_OPTION) $<
-o/$(MODE)/%-gcc.asm: %.cc          ; @$(COMPILE) -AOBJECTIFY.c $(OBJECTIFY.cxx) -S -g0 $(OUTPUT_OPTION) $<
-o/$(MODE)/%-clang.asm: %.c         ; @$(COMPILE) -AOBJECTIFY.c $(OBJECTIFY.c) -S -g0 $(OUTPUT_OPTION) $<
-o/$(MODE)/%-clang.asm: %.cc        ; @$(COMPILE) -AOBJECTIFY.c $(OBJECTIFY.cxx) -S -g0 $(OUTPUT_OPTION) $<
-o/$(MODE)/%-clang.asm: CC = $(CLANG)
-
 o/%.o: %.cc
 	@$(COMPILE) -AOBJECTIFY.cxx $(OBJECTIFY.cxx) $(OUTPUT_OPTION) $<
 	@$(COMPILE) -AFIXUPOBJ -wT$@ $(FIXUPOBJ) $@
@@ -99,7 +92,48 @@ o/$(MODE)/%: o/$(MODE)/%.com o/$(MODE)/tool/build/cp.com o/$(MODE)/tool/build/as
 	@$(COMPILE) -wAASSIMILATE -T$@ o/$(MODE)/tool/build/assimilate.com $@

 ################################################################################
-# elf zip files
+# LOCAL UNIT TESTS
+#
+# We always run unit tests as part of the normal `make` invocation. you
+# may override the $(TESTARGS) variable to do things such as enable the
+# benchmarking feature. For example:
+#
+#     TESTARGS = -b
+#
+# May be specified in your ~/.cosmo.mk file. You can also use this to
+# enable things like function tracing. For example:
+#
+#     TESTARGS = ----ftrace
+#     .PLEDGE += prot_exec
+#
+# You could then run a command like:
+#
+#     make -j8 o//test/libc/calls/openbsd_test.com.runs
+#
+# You need PROT_EXEC permission since ftrace morphs the binary. It's
+# also worth mentioning that the pledge.com command can simulate what
+# Landlock Make does:
+#
+#     o//tool/build/pledge.com \
+#       -v. -p 'stdio rpath wpath cpath tty prot_exec' \
+#       o//test/libc/calls/openbsd_test.com \
+#       ----ftrace
+#
+# This is useful in the event a test binary should run by itself, but
+# fails to run beneath Landlock Make. It's also useful sometimes to
+# override the verbosity when running tests:
+#
+#     make V=5 TESTARGS=-b o//test/libc/calls/openbsd_test.com.runs
+#
+# This way, if for some reason a test should fail but calls exit(0),
+# then the stdout/stderr output, which would normally be suppressed,
+# will actually be displayed.
+
+o/$(MODE)/%.runs: o/$(MODE)/%
+	@$(COMPILE) -ACHECK -wtT$@ $< $(TESTARGS)
+
+################################################################################
+# ELF ZIP FILES
 #
 # zipobj.com lets us do fast incremental linking of compressed data.
 # it's nice because if we link a hundred binaries that use the time zone
@@ -123,21 +157,21 @@ o/$(MODE)%/.zip.o: %
 	@$(COMPILE) -wAZIPOBJ $(ZIPOBJ) $(ZIPOBJ_FLAGS) $(OUTPUT_OPTION) $<

 ################################################################################
-# strict header checking
+# STRICT HEADER CHECKING
 #
 # these rules are unsandboxed since they're already a sandboxing test,
 # and it would be too costly in terms of make latency to have every
 # header file depend on $(HDRS) and $(INCS).

-o/%.h.ok: .UNSANDBOXED = 1
+o/%.h.ok: private .UNSANDBOXED = 1
 o/%.h.ok: %.h
 	@$(COMPILE) -ACHECK.h $(COMPILE.c) -xc -g0 -o $@ $<

-o/$(MODE)/%.h.ok: .UNSANDBOXED = 1
+o/$(MODE)/%.h.ok: private .UNSANDBOXED = 1
 o/$(MODE)/%.h.ok: %.h
 	@$(COMPILE) -ACHECK.h $(COMPILE.c) -xc -g0 -o $@ $<

-o/$(MODE)/%.hh.ok: .UNSANDBOXED = 1
+o/$(MODE)/%.hh.ok: private .UNSANDBOXED = 1
 o/$(MODE)/%.hh.ok: %.hh
 	@$(COMPILE) -ACHECK.h $(COMPILE.cxx) -xc++ -g0 -o $@ $<

@@ -145,12 +179,12 @@ o/%.okk: .UNSANDBOXED = 1
 o/%.okk: %
 	@$(COMPILE) -ACHECK.h $(COMPILE.cxx) -xc++ -g0 -o $@ $<

-o/$(MODE)/%.okk: .UNSANDBOXED = 1
+o/$(MODE)/%.okk: private .UNSANDBOXED = 1
 o/$(MODE)/%.okk: %
 	@$(COMPILE) -ACHECK.h $(COMPILE.cxx) -xc++ -g0 -o $@ $<

 ################################################################################
-# executable helpers
+# EXECUTABLE HELPERS

 MAKE_OBJCOPY =					\
 	$(COMPILE) -AOBJCOPY -T$@		\
@@ -169,3 +203,23 @@ MAKE_SYMTAB_ZIP =				\
 	-9qj					\
 	$@					\
 	$(TMPSAFE)/.symtab
+
+################################################################################
+# EMACS ASSEMBLY GENERATION
+
+o/$(MODE)/%-gcc.asm: private .UNSANDBOXED = 1
+o/$(MODE)/%-gcc.asm: %.c
+	@$(COMPILE) -AOBJECTIFY.c $(OBJECTIFY.c) -S -g0 $(OUTPUT_OPTION) $<
+
+o/$(MODE)/%-gcc.asm: private .UNSANDBOXED = 1
+o/$(MODE)/%-gcc.asm: %.cc
+	@$(COMPILE) -AOBJECTIFY.c $(OBJECTIFY.cxx) -S -g0 $(OUTPUT_OPTION) $<
+
+o/$(MODE)/%-clang.asm: private .UNSANDBOXED = 1
+o/$(MODE)/%-clang.asm: %.c
+	@$(COMPILE) -AOBJECTIFY.c $(OBJECTIFY.c) -S -g0 $(OUTPUT_OPTION) $<
+
+o/$(MODE)/%-clang.asm: CC = $(CLANG)
+o/$(MODE)/%-clang.asm: private .UNSANDBOXED = 1
+o/$(MODE)/%-clang.asm: %.cc
+	@$(COMPILE) -AOBJECTIFY.c $(OBJECTIFY.cxx) -S -g0 $(OUTPUT_OPTION) $<
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ plm_buffer_t *plm_buffer_create_with_file(FILE *fh, int close_when_done) {

 plm_buffer_t *plm_buffer_create_with_memory(unsigned char *bytes, size_t length, int free_when_done) {
 	plm_buffer_t *b;
-	b = memalign(alignof(plm_buffer_t), sizeof(plm_buffer_t));
+	b = memalign(_Alignof(plm_buffer_t), sizeof(plm_buffer_t));
 	memset(b, 0, sizeof(plm_buffer_t));
 	b->capacity = length;
 	b->length = length;
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ plm_buffer_t *plm_buffer_create_with_memory(unsigned char *bytes, size_t length,

 plm_buffer_t * plm_buffer_create_with_capacity(size_t capacity) {
 	plm_buffer_t *b;
-	b = memalign(alignof(plm_buffer_t), sizeof(plm_buffer_t));
+	b = memalign(_Alignof(plm_buffer_t), sizeof(plm_buffer_t));
 	memset(b, 0, sizeof(plm_buffer_t));
 	b->capacity = capacity;
 	b->free_when_done = true;
@@ -277,7 +277,7 @@ void plm_audio_read_samples(plm_audio_t *self, int ch, int sb, int part);
 void plm_audio_matrix_transform(int s[32][3], int ss, float *d, int dp);

 plm_audio_t *plm_audio_create_with_buffer(plm_buffer_t *buffer, int destroy_when_done) {
-	plm_audio_t *self = (plm_audio_t *)memalign(alignof(plm_audio_t), sizeof(plm_audio_t));
+	plm_audio_t *self = (plm_audio_t *)memalign(_Alignof(plm_audio_t), sizeof(plm_audio_t));
 	memset(self, 0, sizeof(plm_audio_t));

 	self->samples.count = PLM_AUDIO_SAMPLES_PER_FRAME;
@@ -21,14 +21,14 @@
 #include "dsp/core/ituround.h"
 #include "dsp/core/q.h"
 #include "dsp/core/twixt8.h"
+#include "libc/intrin/bsr.h"
 #include "libc/limits.h"
 #include "libc/log/check.h"
 #include "libc/log/log.h"
 #include "libc/macros.internal.h"
 #include "libc/math.h"
+#include "libc/mem/gc.internal.h"
 #include "libc/mem/mem.h"
-#include "libc/nexgen32e/bsr.h"
-#include "libc/runtime/gc.internal.h"
 #include "libc/str/str.h"
 #include "libc/testlib/testlib.h"
 #include "libc/x/x.h"
@@ -203,8 +203,8 @@ void *Gyarados(long dyw, long dxw, int dst[dyw][dxw], long syw, long sxw,
      CHECK_LE(sxn, sxw);
      CHECK_LE(dyn, dyw);
      CHECK_LE(dxn, dxw);
-      CHECK_LT(bsrl(syn) + bsrl(sxn), 32);
-      CHECK_LT(bsrl(dyn) + bsrl(dxn), 32);
+      CHECK_LT(_bsrl(syn) + _bsrl(sxn), 32);
+      CHECK_LT(_bsrl(dyn) + _bsrl(dxn), 32);
      CHECK_LE(dyw, 0x7fff);
      CHECK_LE(dxw, 0x7fff);
      CHECK_LE(syw, 0x7fff);
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@
 * @see ttyconfig(), ttyrestore()
 */
 int ttyconfig(int ttyfd, ttyconf_f fn, int64_t arg,
-              const struct termios *opt_out_oldconf) {
+              struct termios *opt_out_oldconf) {
  struct termios conf[2];
  if (tcgetattr(ttyfd, &conf[0]) != -1 &&
      fn(memcpy(&conf[1], &conf[0], sizeof(conf[0])), arg) != -1 &&
@@ -83,10 +83,11 @@ int ttyident(struct TtyIdent *ti, int ttyinfd, int ttyoutfd) {
      if (ttyident_probe(ti, ttyinfd, ttyoutfd, "\e[>c") != -1) {
        rc = 0;
        memset(&outer, 0, sizeof(outer));
-        if (ti->id == 83 /* GNU Screen */ && (ti->next || weaken(malloc)) &&
+        if (ti->id == 83 /* GNU Screen */ && (ti->next || _weaken(malloc)) &&
            ttyident_probe(&outer, ttyinfd, ttyoutfd, "\eP\e[>c\e\\") != -1 &&
-            (ti->next = (ti->next ? ti->next
-                                  : weaken(malloc)(sizeof(struct TtyIdent))))) {
+            (ti->next =
+                 (ti->next ? ti->next
+                           : _weaken(malloc)(sizeof(struct TtyIdent))))) {
          memcpy(ti->next, &outer, sizeof(outer));
        } else {
          free_s(&ti->next);
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
 #include "dsp/tty/tty.h"
 #include "libc/mem/arraylist2.internal.h"
-#include "libc/runtime/gc.internal.h"
+#include "libc/mem/gc.internal.h"
 #include "libc/x/x.h"

 /* TODO(jart): DELETE */
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ int ttysendtitle(int, const char *, const struct TtyIdent *);
 int ttyident(struct TtyIdent *, int, int);
 void ttyidentclear(struct TtyIdent *);
 char *ttydescribe(char *, size_t, const struct TtyIdent *);
-int ttyconfig(int, ttyconf_f, int64_t, const struct termios *);
+int ttyconfig(int, ttyconf_f, int64_t, struct termios *);
 int ttyrestore(int, const struct termios *);
 int ttysetrawdeadline(struct termios *, int64_t);
 int ttysetrawmode(struct termios *, int64_t);
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@
 #include "libc/calls/ucontext.h"
 #include "libc/log/log.h"
 #include "libc/macros.internal.h"
-#include "libc/runtime/gc.internal.h"
+#include "libc/mem/gc.internal.h"
 #include "libc/runtime/runtime.h"
 #include "libc/str/str.h"
 #include "libc/sysv/consts/fileno.h"
@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@
 #include "libc/sysv/consts/sig.h"
 #include "libc/sysv/errfuns.h"
 #include "libc/x/x.h"
+#include "libc/x/xsigaction.h"

 /* TODO(jart): DELETE */

@@ -97,8 +98,8 @@ static relegated void ttyraw_onsig(int sig, struct siginfo *info,
  }
  for (i = 0; i < ARRAYLEN(g_ttyraw.sigs); ++i) {
    if (g_ttyraw.sigs[i] == sig) {
-      if (g_ttyraw.next[i] != SIG_IGN) {
-        if (g_ttyraw.next[i] != SIG_DFL) {
+      if (g_ttyraw.next[i] != (void *)SIG_IGN) {
+        if (g_ttyraw.next[i] != (void *)SIG_DFL) {
          if (g_ttyraw.next[i]) {
            g_ttyraw.next[i](sig, info, ctx);
          }
@@ -117,7 +118,7 @@ static textstartup void ttyraw_initsig(int sig, unsigned flags, unsigned mask) {
  struct sigaction old;
  g_ttyraw.next[i] = xsigaction(sig, ttyraw_onsig, flags, mask, &old) != -1
                         ? old.sa_sigaction
-                         : SIG_DFL;
+                         : (void *)SIG_DFL;
  g_ttyraw.sigs[i++] = sig;
 }

@@ -7,12 +7,12 @@
 │   • http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/            │
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
 #endif
-#include "libc/intrin/bits.h"
 #include "libc/dce.h"
+#include "libc/intrin/bits.h"
+#include "libc/intrin/kprintf.h"
 #include "libc/log/log.h"
 #include "libc/mem/mem.h"
 #include "libc/runtime/runtime.h"
-#include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
 #include "libc/str/str.h"

 /**
@@ -59,9 +59,15 @@

 int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
  if (!IsAsan()) {
-    printf("this example is intended for MODE=asan or MODE=dbg\n");
+    kprintf("this example is intended for MODE=asan or MODE=dbg\n");
    exit(1);
  }
+
+  kprintf("----------------\n");
+  kprintf(" THIS IS A TEST \n");
+  kprintf("SIMULATING CRASH\n");
+  kprintf("----------------\n");
+
  char *buffer;
  ShowCrashReports(); /* not needed but yoinks appropriate symbols */
  buffer = malloc(13);
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+#if 0
+/*─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╗
+│ To the extent possible under law, Justine Tunney has waived      │
+│ all copyright and related or neighboring rights to this file,    │
+│ as it is written in the following disclaimers:                   │
+│   • http://unlicense.org/                                        │
+│   • http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/            │
+╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#endif
+#include "libc/calls/struct/timespec.h"
+#include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
+#include "libc/time/time.h"
+
+/**
+ * @fileoverview clock() function demo
+ */
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
+  unsigned long i;
+  volatile unsigned long x;
+  struct timespec now, start, next, interval;
+  printf("hammering the cpu...\n");
+  next = start = timespec_mono();
+  interval = timespec_frommillis(500);
+  next = timespec_add(next, interval);
+  for (;;) {
+    for (i = 0;; ++i) {
+      x *= 7;
+      if (!(i % 256)) {
+        now = timespec_mono();
+        if (timespec_cmp(now, next) >= 0) {
+          break;
+        }
+      }
+    }
+    next = timespec_add(next, interval);
+    printf("consumed %10g seconds monotonic time and %10g seconds cpu time\n",
+           timespec_tonanos(timespec_sub(now, start)) / 1000000000.,
+           (double)clock() / CLOCKS_PER_SEC);
+  }
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+#if 0
+/*─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╗
+│ To the extent possible under law, Justine Tunney has waived      │
+│ all copyright and related or neighboring rights to this file,    │
+│ as it is written in the following disclaimers:                   │
+│   • http://unlicense.org/                                        │
+│   • http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/            │
+╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#endif
+#include "libc/calls/struct/timespec.h"
+#include "libc/errno.h"
+#include "libc/intrin/describeflags.internal.h"
+#include "libc/intrin/kprintf.h"
+#include "libc/str/str.h"
+#include "libc/sysv/consts/clock.h"
+
+int n;
+int shown[64];
+
+void show(int clock) {
+  int i;
+  struct timespec ts;
+  if (clock == 127) return;
+  for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
+    if (shown[i] == clock) {
+      return;
+    }
+  }
+  shown[n++] = clock;
+  if (clock_getres(clock, &ts) != -1) {
+    kprintf("%s %'ld ns\n", DescribeClockName(clock), timespec_tonanos(ts));
+  } else {
+    kprintf("%s %s\n", DescribeClockName(clock), _strerrno(errno));
+  }
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
+  show(CLOCK_REALTIME);
+  show(CLOCK_REALTIME_FAST);
+  show(CLOCK_REALTIME_PRECISE);
+  show(CLOCK_REALTIME_COARSE);
+  show(CLOCK_MONOTONIC);
+  show(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW);
+  show(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_FAST);
+  show(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_PRECISE);
+  show(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_COARSE);
+  show(CLOCK_PROCESS_CPUTIME_ID);
+  show(CLOCK_THREAD_CPUTIME_ID);
+  show(CLOCK_PROF);
+  show(CLOCK_BOOTTIME);
+  show(CLOCK_REALTIME_ALARM);
+  show(CLOCK_BOOTTIME_ALARM);
+  show(CLOCK_TAI);
+  show(CLOCK_UPTIME);
+  show(CLOCK_UPTIME_PRECISE);
+  show(CLOCK_UPTIME_FAST);
+  show(CLOCK_SECOND);
+}
@@ -8,11 +8,12 @@
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
 #endif
 #include "libc/assert.h"
+#include "libc/calls/calls.h"
 #include "libc/errno.h"
 #include "libc/fmt/conv.h"
 #include "libc/log/check.h"
 #include "libc/mem/mem.h"
-#include "libc/runtime/gc.internal.h"
+#include "libc/mem/gc.internal.h"
 #include "libc/runtime/runtime.h"
 #include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
 #include "libc/str/str.h"
@@ -9,18 +9,21 @@
 #endif
 #include "libc/calls/calls.h"
 #include "libc/calls/struct/dirent.h"
+#include "libc/calls/struct/rusage.h"
 #include "libc/calls/struct/sigaction.h"
 #include "libc/calls/struct/sigset.h"
 #include "libc/calls/struct/timespec.h"
+#include "libc/errno.h"
 #include "libc/fmt/fmt.h"
 #include "libc/fmt/itoa.h"
+#include "libc/log/appendresourcereport.internal.h"
 #include "libc/log/internal.h"
 #include "libc/log/log.h"
 #include "libc/macros.internal.h"
 #include "libc/mem/mem.h"
 #include "libc/runtime/internal.h"
 #include "libc/runtime/runtime.h"
-#include "libc/stdio/append.internal.h"
+#include "libc/stdio/append.h"
 #include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
 #include "libc/str/str.h"
 #include "libc/sysv/consts/clock.h"
@@ -151,7 +154,7 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
  while ((line = linenoiseWithHistory(prompt, "cmd"))) {
    n = 0;
    start = line;
-    if (startswith(start, "time ")) {
+    if (_startswith(start, "time ")) {
      timeit = true;
      start += 5;
    } else {
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 │   • http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/            │
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
 #endif
+#include "libc/intrin/kprintf.h"
 #include "libc/log/log.h"
 #include "libc/runtime/symbols.internal.h"

@@ -24,6 +25,12 @@
 */

 noubsan int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
+
+  kprintf("----------------\n");
+  kprintf(" THIS IS A TEST \n");
+  kprintf("SIMULATING CRASH\n");
+  kprintf("----------------\n");
+
  volatile int64_t x;
  ShowCrashReports();
  return 1 / (x = 0);
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
 #endif
 #include "libc/calls/calls.h"
+#include "libc/calls/struct/sigset.h"
 #include "libc/log/log.h"
 #include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"

@@ -8,7 +8,8 @@
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
 #endif
 #include "libc/log/log.h"
-#include "libc/runtime/gc.internal.h"
+#include "libc/mem/gc.internal.h"
+#include "libc/runtime/runtime.h"
 #include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
 #include "libc/x/x.h"
 #include "net/http/escape.h"
@@ -7,9 +7,9 @@
 │   • http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/            │
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
 #endif
-#include "libc/runtime/gc.h"
+#include "libc/mem/gc.h"
 #include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
-#include "libc/x/x.h"
+#include "libc/x/xiso8601.h"

 /**
 * @fileoverview ISO-8601 international high-precision timestamp printer.
@@ -8,9 +8,10 @@
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
 #endif
 #include "libc/assert.h"
+#include "libc/calls/calls.h"
 #include "libc/errno.h"
 #include "libc/mem/mem.h"
-#include "libc/runtime/gc.internal.h"
+#include "libc/mem/gc.internal.h"
 #include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
 #include "libc/str/str.h"
 #include "third_party/zlib/zlib.h"
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
 #endif
 #include "libc/mem/mem.h"
-#include "libc/runtime/gc.h"
+#include "libc/mem/gc.h"
 #include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"

 /**
@@ -49,12 +49,12 @@ EXAMPLES_DIRECTDEPS =								\
 	LIBC_LOG								\
 	LIBC_MEM								\
 	LIBC_NEXGEN32E								\
+	LIBC_NT_ADVAPI32							\
 	LIBC_NT_IPHLPAPI							\
 	LIBC_NT_KERNEL32							\
 	LIBC_NT_NTDLL								\
 	LIBC_NT_USER32								\
 	LIBC_NT_WS2_32								\
-	LIBC_NT_ADVAPI32							\
 	LIBC_RUNTIME								\
 	LIBC_SOCK								\
 	LIBC_STDIO								\
@@ -66,21 +66,29 @@ EXAMPLES_DIRECTDEPS =								\
 	LIBC_THREAD								\
 	LIBC_TIME								\
 	LIBC_TINYMATH								\
+	LIBC_VGA								\
 	LIBC_X									\
 	LIBC_ZIPOS								\
 	NET_HTTP								\
 	NET_HTTPS								\
+	THIRD_PARTY_AWK								\
 	THIRD_PARTY_COMPILER_RT							\
 	THIRD_PARTY_DLMALLOC							\
+	THIRD_PARTY_DOUBLECONVERSION						\
 	THIRD_PARTY_GDTOA							\
 	THIRD_PARTY_GETOPT							\
 	THIRD_PARTY_LIBCXX							\
 	THIRD_PARTY_LINENOISE							\
 	THIRD_PARTY_LUA								\
+	THIRD_PARTY_HIREDIS							\
 	THIRD_PARTY_MBEDTLS							\
 	THIRD_PARTY_MUSL							\
+	THIRD_PARTY_NSYNC							\
+	THIRD_PARTY_NSYNC_MEM							\
 	THIRD_PARTY_QUICKJS							\
+	THIRD_PARTY_SED								\
 	THIRD_PARTY_STB								\
+	THIRD_PARTY_TR								\
 	THIRD_PARTY_XED								\
 	THIRD_PARTY_ZLIB							\
 	TOOL_BUILD_LIB								\
@@ -139,6 +147,25 @@ o/$(MODE)/examples/nesemu1.com.dbg:						\
 		$(EXAMPLES_BOOTLOADER)
 	@$(APELINK)

+# # force symtab.com to be a zip file, by pulling a zip asset into linkage
+# # we wouldn't need to do this if we depended on functions like localtime
+# o/$(MODE)/examples/symtab.com.dbg:						\
+# 		$(EXAMPLES_DEPS)						\
+# 		o/$(MODE)/examples/symtab.o					\
+# 		o/$(MODE)/examples/symtab.c.zip.o				\
+# 		o/$(MODE)/examples/examples.pkg					\
+# 		$(EXAMPLES_BOOTLOADER)
+# 	@$(APELINK)
+
+# modify .com so it can read the symbol table without needing the .com.dbg file
+o/$(MODE)/examples/symtab.com:							\
+		o/$(MODE)/examples/symtab.com.dbg				\
+		o/$(MODE)/third_party/zip/zip.com				\
+		o/$(MODE)/tool/build/symtab.com
+	@$(MAKE_OBJCOPY)
+	@$(MAKE_SYMTAB_CREATE)
+	@$(MAKE_SYMTAB_ZIP)
+
 o/$(MODE)/examples/picol.o: private				\
 		OVERRIDE_CPPFLAGS +=				\
 			-DSTACK_FRAME_UNLIMITED
@@ -9,19 +9,12 @@
 #endif
 #include "libc/calls/calls.h"
 #include "libc/log/check.h"
-#include "libc/log/log.h"
-#include "libc/nt/nt/process.h"
-#include "libc/runtime/gc.h"
-#include "libc/runtime/memtrack.internal.h"
-#include "libc/runtime/runtime.h"
 #include "libc/stdio/rand.h"
 #include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
-#include "libc/time/time.h"
-#include "libc/x/x.h"

 dontinline void dostuff(const char *s) {
  int i, us;
-  srand(rand64()); /* seeds rand() w/ intel rdrnd, auxv, etc. */
+  srand(_rand64()); /* seeds rand() w/ intel rdrnd, auxv, etc. */
  for (i = 0; i < 5; ++i) {
    us = rand() % 500000;
    usleep(us);
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+#if 0
+/*─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╗
+│ To the extent possible under law, Justine Tunney has waived      │
+│ all copyright and related or neighboring rights to this file,    │
+│ as it is written in the following disclaimers:                   │
+│   • http://unlicense.org/                                        │
+│   • http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/            │
+╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#endif
+#include "libc/mem/gc.h"
+#include "libc/mem/mem.h"
+#include "libc/str/str.h"
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
+  char *p = _gc(malloc(64));
+  strcpy(p, "this memory is free'd when main() returns");
+}
@@ -7,19 +7,9 @@
 │   • http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/            │
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
 #endif
-#include "libc/calls/calls.h"
-#include "libc/fmt/itoa.h"
-#include "libc/runtime/sysconf.h"
-#include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
+#include "libc/intrin/kprintf.h"
+#include "libc/runtime/runtime.h"

-int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
-  int c, n;
-  char a[22], *p;
-  if ((c = GetCpuCount())) {
-    p = FormatInt64(a, c);
-    *p++ = '\n';
-    return write(1, a, p - a) == p - a ? 0 : 1;
-  } else {
-    return 1;
-  }
+int main() {
+  kprintf("%d\n", _getcpucount());
 }
@@ -7,12 +7,15 @@
 │   • http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/            │
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
 #endif
-#include "libc/math.h"
+#include "libc/calls/calls.h"
 #include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"

 int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
-  volatile long double x = -.5;
-  volatile long double y = 1.5;
-  printf("Hello World! %.19Lg\n", atan2l(x, y));
-  return 0;
+  char buf[256];
+  if (!getdomainname(buf, sizeof(buf))) {
+    printf("%s\n", buf);
+    return 0;
+  } else {
+    return 1;
+  }
 }
@@ -7,20 +7,22 @@
 │   • http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/            │
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
 #endif
-#include "libc/intrin/bits.h"
+#include "ape/sections.internal.h"
 #include "libc/calls/calls.h"
 #include "libc/calls/struct/sigaction.h"
 #include "libc/errno.h"
 #include "libc/fmt/conv.h"
+#include "libc/intrin/bits.h"
 #include "libc/log/check.h"
 #include "libc/log/log.h"
 #include "libc/macros.internal.h"
 #include "libc/mem/mem.h"
 #include "libc/nexgen32e/x86feature.h"
 #include "libc/nt/runtime.h"
+#include "libc/runtime/runtime.h"
 #include "libc/stdio/rand.h"
-#include "libc/stdio/xorshift.h"
 #include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
+#include "libc/stdio/xorshift.h"
 #include "libc/str/str.h"
 #include "libc/sysv/consts/ex.h"
 #include "libc/sysv/consts/exit.h"
@@ -101,7 +103,7 @@ uint64_t rngset64(void) {
  static unsigned i;
  static uint64_t s;
  if (!i) {
-    s = rand64();
+    s = _rand64();
    i = (s + 1) & (511);
  }
  return MarsagliaXorshift64(&s);
@@ -214,7 +216,7 @@ const struct Function {
    {"moby", moby},              //
    {"mt19937", _mt19937},       //
    {"python", pythonx2},        //
-    {"rand64", rand64},          //
+    {"rand64", _rand64},         //
    {"rdrand", rdrand},          //
    {"rdrnd", rdrand},           //
    {"rdseed", rdseed},          //
@@ -8,27 +8,26 @@
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
 #endif
 #include "libc/assert.h"
-#include "libc/intrin/atomic.h"
+#include "libc/atomic.h"
 #include "libc/calls/calls.h"
 #include "libc/calls/struct/sigaction.h"
 #include "libc/calls/struct/sigset.h"
 #include "libc/calls/struct/timespec.h"
 #include "libc/calls/struct/timeval.h"
 #include "libc/dce.h"
+#include "libc/errno.h"
 #include "libc/fmt/conv.h"
 #include "libc/fmt/itoa.h"
+#include "libc/intrin/atomic.h"
 #include "libc/intrin/kprintf.h"
-#include "libc/intrin/wait0.internal.h"
 #include "libc/limits.h"
 #include "libc/log/check.h"
 #include "libc/log/log.h"
 #include "libc/macros.internal.h"
 #include "libc/mem/mem.h"
-#include "libc/nexgen32e/threaded.h"
 #include "libc/runtime/internal.h"
 #include "libc/runtime/runtime.h"
 #include "libc/runtime/stack.h"
-#include "libc/runtime/sysconf.h"
 #include "libc/sock/sock.h"
 #include "libc/sock/struct/pollfd.h"
 #include "libc/sock/struct/sockaddr.h"
@@ -47,6 +46,9 @@
 #include "libc/sysv/consts/sol.h"
 #include "libc/sysv/consts/tcp.h"
 #include "libc/thread/spawn.h"
+#include "libc/thread/thread.h"
+#include "libc/thread/tls.h"
+#include "libc/thread/wait0.internal.h"
 #include "libc/time/struct/tm.h"
 #include "libc/time/time.h"
 #include "net/http/http.h"
@@ -103,14 +105,14 @@
  "Cache-Control: private; max-age=0\r\n"

 int threads;
-_Atomic(int) workers;
-_Atomic(int) messages;
-_Atomic(int) listening;
-_Atomic(int) connections;
-_Atomic(int) closingtime;
+atomic_int workers;
+atomic_int messages;
+atomic_int listening;
+atomic_int connections;
+atomic_int closingtime;
 const char *volatile status;

-int Worker(void *id, int tid) {
+void *Worker(void *id) {
  int server, yes = 1;

  // load balance incoming connections for port 8080 across all threads
@@ -134,7 +136,7 @@ int Worker(void *id, int tid) {
  setsockopt(server, SOL_TCP, TCP_QUICKACK, &yes, sizeof(yes));
  errno = 0;

-  if (bind(server, &addr, sizeof(addr)) == -1) {
+  if (bind(server, (struct sockaddr *)&addr, sizeof(addr)) == -1) {
    kprintf("%s() failed %m\n", "socket");
    goto CloseWorker;
  }
@@ -164,7 +166,7 @@ int Worker(void *id, int tid) {

    // wait for client connection
    clientaddrsize = sizeof(clientaddr);
-    client = accept(server, &clientaddr, &clientaddrsize);
+    client = accept(server, (struct sockaddr *)&clientaddr, &clientaddrsize);

    // accept() can raise a very diverse number of errors but none of
    // them are really true showstoppers that would necessitate us to
@@ -276,8 +278,8 @@ void PrintStatus(void) {
 }

 int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
-  int i;
-  struct spawn *th;
+  int i, rc;
+  pthread_t *th;
  uint32_t *hostips;
  // ShowCrashReports();

@@ -296,9 +298,9 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
            PORT);
  }

-  threads = argc > 1 ? atoi(argv[1]) : GetCpuCount();
+  threads = argc > 1 ? atoi(argv[1]) : _getcpucount();
  if (!(1 <= threads && threads <= 100000)) {
-    kprintf("error: invalid number of threads\n");
+    kprintf("error: invalid number of threads: %d\n", threads);
    exit(1);
  }

@@ -309,12 +311,12 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
  pledge("stdio inet", 0);

  // spawn over 9,000 worker threads
-  th = calloc(threads, sizeof(*th));
+  th = calloc(threads, sizeof(pthread_t));
  for (i = 0; i < threads; ++i) {
    ++workers;
-    if (_spawn(Worker, (void *)(intptr_t)i, th + i) == -1) {
+    if ((rc = pthread_create(th + i, 0, Worker, (void *)(intptr_t)i))) {
      --workers;
-      kprintf("error: _spawn(%d) failed %m\n", i);
+      kprintf("error: pthread_create(%d) failed %s\n", i, strerror(rc));
    }
    if (!(i % 500)) {
      PrintStatus();
@@ -332,7 +334,7 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {

  // join the workers
  for (i = 0; i < threads; ++i) {
-    _join(th + i);
+    pthread_join(th[i], 0);
  }

  // clean up memory
@@ -14,8 +14,7 @@
 #include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
 #include "libc/sysv/consts/itimer.h"
 #include "libc/sysv/consts/sig.h"
-#include "libc/time/time.h"
-#include "libc/x/x.h"
+#include "libc/x/xsigaction.h"

 const struct itimerval kHertz = {
    {1, 0},
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+#if 0
+/*─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╗
+│ To the extent possible under law, Justine Tunney has waived      │
+│ all copyright and related or neighboring rights to this file,    │
+│ as it is written in the following disclaimers:                   │
+│   • http://unlicense.org/                                        │
+│   • http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/            │
+╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#endif
+#include "libc/runtime/runtime.h"
+#include "libc/fmt/conv.h"
+#include "libc/fmt/fmt.h"
+#include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
+#include "libc/str/str.h"
+#include "third_party/hiredis/hiredis.h"
+
+/**
+ * @fileoverview Demo of using hiredis to connect to a Redis server
+ */
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
+  if (argc < 3 || argc > 5) {
+    fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s HOST PORT [KEY] [VALUE]\n", argv[0]);
+    exit(1);
+  }
+
+  bool setValue = (argc == 5), getValue = (argc == 4);
+
+  redisContext *c = redisConnect(argv[1], atoi(argv[2]));
+  if (c == NULL || c->err) {
+    if (c) {
+      fprintf(stderr, "Connection error: %s\n", c->errstr);
+      redisFree(c);
+    } else {
+      fputs("Failed to allocate redis context\n", stderr);
+    }
+    exit(1);
+  }
+
+  redisReply *reply;
+  if (!setValue && !getValue) {
+    reply = redisCommand(c, "PING");
+    printf("PING: %s\n", reply->str);
+  } else if (setValue) {
+    reply = redisCommand(c, "SET %s %s", argv[3], argv[4]);
+    printf("SET: %s\n", reply->str);
+  } else {
+    reply = redisCommand(c, "GET %s", argv[3]);
+    printf("GET: %s\n", reply->str);
+  }
+
+  freeReplyObject(reply);
+  redisFree(c);
+  return 0;
+}
@@ -8,12 +8,14 @@
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
 #endif
 #include "libc/calls/calls.h"
+#include "libc/intrin/kprintf.h"
 #include "libc/log/check.h"
-#include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"

 int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
-  char hostname[254];
-  CHECK_NE(-1, gethostname(hostname, sizeof(hostname)));
-  puts(hostname);
+  char name[254];
+  gethostname(name, sizeof(name));
+  kprintf("gethostname() → %#s\n", name);
+  getdomainname(name, sizeof(name));
+  kprintf("getdomainname() → %#s\n", name);
  return 0;
 }
@@ -9,9 +9,11 @@
 #endif
 #include "libc/dce.h"
 #include "libc/log/log.h"
-#include "libc/runtime/gc.internal.h"
+#include "libc/mem/gc.h"
+#include "libc/runtime/runtime.h"
 #include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
 #include "libc/x/x.h"
+#include "libc/x/xasprintf.h"
 #include "net/http/escape.h"
 #include "net/http/http.h"
 #include "third_party/getopt/getopt.h"
@@ -43,15 +45,15 @@ void PrintImg(const char *path) {
  size_t n;
  int opt, i, yn, xn, cn, w, h;
  void *img, *pix, *src, *mime;
-  if (!(img = gc(xslurp(path, &n)))) exit(2);
-  if (!(pix = gc(stbi_load_from_memory(img, n, &xn, &yn, &cn, 0)))) exit(3);
+  if (!(img = _gc(xslurp(path, &n)))) exit(2);
+  if (!(pix = _gc(stbi_load_from_memory(img, n, &xn, &yn, &cn, 0)))) exit(3);
  if (linktag) {
    printf("<a href=\"%s\"\n  >", path);
  }
  src = path;
  if (datauri) {
    src = xasprintf("data:%s;base64,%s", FindContentType(path, -1),
-                    gc(EncodeBase64(img, n, &n)));
+                    _gc(EncodeBase64(img, n, &n)));
  }
  w = (xn + (1 << scale) / 2) >> scale;
  h = (yn + (1 << scale) / 2) >> scale;
@@ -1,160 +0,0 @@
-#if 0
-/*─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╗
-│ To the extent possible under law, Justine Tunney has waived      │
-│ all copyright and related or neighboring rights to this file,    │
-│ as it is written in the following disclaimers:                   │
-│   • http://unlicense.org/                                        │
-│   • http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/            │
-╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
-#endif
-#include "libc/mem/alg.h"
-#include "libc/mem/arraylist.internal.h"
-#include "libc/mem/critbit0.h"
-#include "libc/intrin/bits.h"
-#include "libc/calls/calls.h"
-#include "libc/fmt/conv.h"
-#include "libc/log/check.h"
-#include "libc/log/log.h"
-#include "libc/macros.internal.h"
-#include "libc/mem/mem.h"
-#include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
-#include "libc/str/str.h"
-#include "libc/str/tpdecode.internal.h"
-#include "libc/sysv/consts/fileno.h"
-#include "libc/x/x.h"
-
-STATIC_YOINK("zip_uri_support");
-
-/**
- * @fileoverview Simple Interactive Spell Checker.
- *
- * This is an attempt to get spell checking to work in Emacs across
- * platforms. While the computer science behind spell checking is very
- * simple, unfortunately Emacs probes all these System Five spell progs
- * similar to how websites have been known to probe User-Agent strings.
- *
- * Here's how we believe the repl works:
- *
- *     $ make -j8 o//examples/ispell.com
- *     $ o//examples/ispell.com
- *     @(#) Cosmopolitan Ispell Version 3.4.00 8 Feb 2015
- *     word: hello
- *     ok
- *     word: héllo
- *     how about: hills, hello, hilly, jello
- *     word: lova
- *     how about: diva, dona, dora, dove, elva, fora, hove, iota
- *     word: hecruhecrue
- *     not found
- *
- * The dictionary for this program is embedded as a text file within the
- * zip structure of the binary. It can be edited after distribution.
- *
- * It's possible to go even fancier than what this code is doing, by
- * using cmudict phonemes, bloom filters, unicode tables e.g. e vs. é,
- * and even doing ML similar to Google's online spell checker.
- *
- * TODO: Figure out why Emacs rejects this interface.
- */
-
-#define MISSING_LETTER_DISTANCE  5
-#define MAX_NEARBY_WORD_DISTANCE 6
-#define MAX_NEARBY_RESULTS       8
-
-FILE *f;
-char *line;
-size_t linesize;
-const char *query;
-struct critbit0 words; /* does O(log 𝑛) fast path lookup */
-
-struct NearbyWords {
-  size_t i, n;
-  struct WordMatch {
-    long dist;
-    char *word;
-  } * p;
-} nearby;
-
-long WordDistance(const char *a, const char *b) {
-  long dist;
-  int gota, gotb;
-  unsigned long h, p;
-  wint_t chara, charb;
-  dist = p = 0;
-  for (;;) {
-    gota = abs(tpdecode(a, &chara)); /* parses utf-8 multibyte characters */
-    gotb = abs(tpdecode(b, &charb)); /* abs() handles -1, always yields � */
-    if (!chara && !charb) break;
-    if (!chara || !charb) {
-      dist += MISSING_LETTER_DISTANCE;
-    } else if ((h = hamming(chara, charb))) {
-      dist += h + p++; /* penalize multiple mismatched letters */
-    }
-    if (chara) a += gota;
-    if (charb) b += gotb;
-  }
-  return dist;
-}
-
-intptr_t ConsiderWord(const char *word, void *arg) {
-  long dist;
-  if ((dist = WordDistance(word, query)) < MAX_NEARBY_WORD_DISTANCE) {
-    append(&nearby, &((struct WordMatch){dist, word}));
-  }
-  return 0;
-}
-
-int CompareWords(const struct WordMatch *a, const struct WordMatch *b) {
-  return a->dist < b->dist;
-}
-
-void FindNearbyWords(void) {
-  nearby.i = 0;
-  critbit0_allprefixed(&words, "", ConsiderWord, NULL);
-  qsort(nearby.p, nearby.i, sizeof(struct WordMatch), (void *)CompareWords);
-}
-
-void SpellChecker(void) {
-  int i;
-  printf("@(#) Cosmopolitan Ispell Version 3.4.00 8 Feb 2015\r\n");
-  while (!feof(stdin)) {
-    printf("word: ");
-    fflush(stdout);
-    if (getline(&line, &linesize, stdin) > 0) {
-      query = strtolower(_chomp(line));
-      if (critbit0_contains(&words, query)) {
-        printf("ok\r\n");
-      } else {
-        FindNearbyWords();
-        if (nearby.i) {
-          printf("how about: ");
-          for (i = 0; i < MIN(MAX_NEARBY_RESULTS, nearby.i); ++i) {
-            if (i) printf(", ");
-            fputs(nearby.p[i].word, stdout);
-          }
-          printf("\r\n");
-        } else {
-          printf("not found\r\n");
-        }
-      }
-    }
-    printf("\r\n");
-  }
-  CHECK_NE(-1, fclose(stdin));
-  CHECK_NE(-1, fclose(stdout));
-}
-
-void LoadWords(void) {
-  CHECK_NOTNULL((f = fopen("/zip/usr/share/dict/words", "r")));
-  while (getline(&line, &linesize, f) > 0) {
-    critbit0_insert(&words, strtolower(_chomp(line)));
-  }
-  CHECK_NE(-1, fclose(f));
-}
-
-int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
-  if (!NoDebug()) ShowCrashReports();
-  LoadWords();
-  SpellChecker();
-  return 0;
-}
@@ -58,14 +58,14 @@ Contact: [email protected]\"\n\
 #endif
 #define _GNU_SOURCE

-#include "libc/mem/alg.h"
-#include "libc/mem/arraylist2.internal.h"
 #include "libc/calls/calls.h"
 #include "libc/calls/termios.h"
 #include "libc/calls/weirdtypes.h"
 #include "libc/errno.h"
 #include "libc/fmt/fmt.h"
 #include "libc/log/log.h"
+#include "libc/mem/alg.h"
+#include "libc/mem/arraylist2.internal.h"
 #include "libc/mem/mem.h"
 #include "libc/runtime/runtime.h"
 #include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
@@ -355,7 +355,7 @@ int getCursorPosition(int64_t ifd, int64_t ofd, int *rows, int *cols) {
 * Returns 0 on success, -1 on error. */
 int getWindowSize(int64_t ifd, int64_t ofd, int *rows, int *cols) {
  struct winsize ws;
-  if (getttysize(STDOUT_FILENO, &ws) == -1 || ws.ws_col == 0) {
+  if (_getttysize(1, &ws) == -1 || ws.ws_col == 0) {
    /* ioctl() failed. Try to query the terminal itself. */
    int orig_row, orig_col, retval;

@@ -11,12 +11,12 @@
 #include "libc/calls/struct/dirent.h"
 #include "libc/calls/struct/stat.h"
 #include "libc/log/check.h"
-#include "libc/runtime/gc.h"
+#include "libc/mem/gc.h"
 #include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
 #include "libc/str/str.h"
 #include "libc/sysv/consts/dt.h"
 #include "libc/sysv/consts/s.h"
-#include "libc/x/x.h"
+#include "libc/x/xasprintf.h"

 struct stat st;

@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ void List(const char *path) {
  const char *vpath;
  if (strcmp(path, ".") == 0) {
    vpath = "";
-  } else if (!endswith(path, "/")) {
+  } else if (!_endswith(path, "/")) {
    vpath = _gc(xasprintf("%s/", path));
  } else {
    vpath = path;
@@ -7,19 +7,20 @@
 │   • http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/            │
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
 #endif
-#include "libc/mem/alg.h"
-#include "libc/mem/arraylist2.internal.h"
-#include "libc/intrin/safemacros.internal.h"
 #include "libc/calls/calls.h"
 #include "libc/calls/struct/dirent.h"
 #include "libc/calls/struct/stat.h"
 #include "libc/calls/struct/timespec.h"
+#include "libc/intrin/safemacros.internal.h"
 #include "libc/log/check.h"
+#include "libc/mem/alg.h"
+#include "libc/mem/arraylist2.internal.h"
 #include "libc/mem/mem.h"
-#include "libc/runtime/gc.h"
+#include "libc/mem/gc.h"
 #include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
 #include "libc/sysv/consts/dt.h"
 #include "libc/x/x.h"
+#include "libc/x/xiso8601.h"

 struct stat st;
 struct Files {
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+#if 0
+/*─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╗
+│ To the extent possible under law, Justine Tunney has waived      │
+│ all copyright and related or neighboring rights to this file,    │
+│ as it is written in the following disclaimers:                   │
+│   • http://unlicense.org/                                        │
+│   • http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/            │
+╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#endif
+#include "libc/assert.h"
+#include "libc/calls/struct/timespec.h"
+#include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
+#include "libc/sysv/consts/clock.h"
+
+/**
+ * @fileoverview shows how accurate clock_nanosleep() is
+ */
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
+  long i, ns;
+  struct timespec x, y, w;
+  timespec_sleep(timespec_fromnanos(0));  // warmup
+
+  printf("\nrelative sleep\n");
+  for (i = 0; i < 28; ++i) {
+    ns = 1l << i;
+    x = timespec_real();
+    timespec_sleep(timespec_fromnanos(ns));
+    y = timespec_real();
+    printf("%,11ld ns sleep took %,ld ns\n", ns,
+           timespec_tonanos(timespec_sub(y, x)));
+  }
+
+  printf("\nabsolute sleep\n");
+  for (i = 0; i < 28; ++i) {
+    ns = 1l << i;
+    x = timespec_real();
+    timespec_sleep_until(timespec_add(x, timespec_fromnanos(ns)));
+    y = timespec_real();
+    printf("%,11ld ns sleep took %,ld ns\n", ns,
+           timespec_tonanos(timespec_sub(y, x)));
+  }
+}
@@ -10,21 +10,21 @@
 #include "dsp/tty/itoa8.h"
 #include "dsp/tty/quant.h"
 #include "dsp/tty/tty.h"
-#include "libc/mem/arraylist2.internal.h"
 #include "libc/assert.h"
-#include "libc/intrin/bits.h"
-#include "libc/intrin/safemacros.internal.h"
 #include "libc/calls/calls.h"
 #include "libc/calls/struct/itimerval.h"
 #include "libc/calls/struct/winsize.h"
 #include "libc/errno.h"
 #include "libc/fmt/conv.h"
 #include "libc/fmt/fmt.h"
+#include "libc/intrin/bits.h"
+#include "libc/intrin/safemacros.internal.h"
 #include "libc/inttypes.h"
 #include "libc/log/check.h"
 #include "libc/log/log.h"
 #include "libc/macros.internal.h"
 #include "libc/math.h"
+#include "libc/mem/arraylist2.internal.h"
 #include "libc/mem/mem.h"
 #include "libc/runtime/runtime.h"
 #include "libc/sock/sock.h"
@@ -39,14 +39,15 @@
 #include "libc/sysv/consts/poll.h"
 #include "libc/sysv/consts/sig.h"
 #include "libc/time/time.h"
-#include "libc/x/x.h"
+#include "libc/x/xasprintf.h"
+#include "libc/x/xsigaction.h"
 #include "libc/zip.h"
 #include "libc/zipos/zipos.internal.h"
 #include "third_party/getopt/getopt.h"
 #include "third_party/libcxx/vector"
 #include "tool/viz/lib/knobs.h"

-STATIC_YOINK("zip_uri_support");
+STATIC_YOINK("zipos");

 #define USAGE \
  " [ROM] [FMV]\n\
@@ -286,7 +287,7 @@ void GetTermSize(void) {
  struct winsize wsize_;
  wsize_.ws_row = 25;
  wsize_.ws_col = 80;
-  getttysize(STDIN_FILENO, &wsize_);
+  _getttysize(0, &wsize_);
  FreeSamplingSolution(ssy_);
  FreeSamplingSolution(ssx_);
  tyn_ = wsize_.ws_row * 2;
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 │   • http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/            │
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
 #endif
+#include "ape/sections.internal.h"
 #include "libc/dce.h"
 #include "libc/runtime/runtime.h"
 #include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
@@ -17,14 +17,15 @@
 #include "libc/log/gdb.h"
 #include "libc/log/log.h"
 #include "libc/macros.internal.h"
+#include "libc/mem/gc.internal.h"
 #include "libc/mem/mem.h"
-#include "libc/runtime/gc.internal.h"
 #include "libc/runtime/runtime.h"
 #include "libc/str/str.h"
 #include "libc/sysv/consts/sa.h"
 #include "libc/sysv/consts/sig.h"
 #include "libc/sysv/consts/termios.h"
 #include "libc/x/x.h"
+#include "libc/x/xasprintf.h"
 #include "tool/build/lib/panel.h"

 /**
@@ -76,7 +77,7 @@ void GetTtySize(void) {
  struct winsize wsize;
  wsize.ws_row = tyn;
  wsize.ws_col = txn;
-  getttysize(1, &wsize);
+  _getttysize(1, &wsize);
  tyn = wsize.ws_row;
  txn = wsize.ws_col;
 }
@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@
 #include "libc/fmt/fmt.h"
 #include "libc/log/log.h"
 #include "libc/mem/mem.h"
+#include "libc/runtime/runtime.h"
 #include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
 #include "libc/str/str.h"

@@ -0,0 +1,127 @@
+#if 0
+/*─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╗
+│ To the extent possible under law, Justine Tunney has waived      │
+│ all copyright and related or neighboring rights to this file,    │
+│ as it is written in the following disclaimers:                   │
+│   • http://unlicense.org/                                        │
+│   • http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/            │
+╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#endif
+#include "libc/assert.h"
+#include "libc/calls/calls.h"
+#include "libc/calls/struct/timeval.h"
+#include "libc/errno.h"
+#include "libc/fmt/conv.h"
+#include "libc/fmt/fmt.h"
+#include "libc/mem/alloca.h"
+#include "libc/runtime/runtime.h"
+#include "libc/sock/sock.h"
+#include "libc/sock/struct/sockaddr.h"
+#include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
+#include "libc/str/str.h"
+#include "libc/sysv/consts/af.h"
+#include "libc/sysv/consts/ipproto.h"
+#include "libc/sysv/consts/so.h"
+#include "libc/sysv/consts/sock.h"
+#include "libc/sysv/consts/sol.h"
+#include "net/http/ip.h"
+
+/**
+ * @fileoverview fast local network port scanner, e.g.
+ *
+ *     make -j8 o//examples/portscan.com
+ *     o//examples/portscan.com 10.10.10.0/24 22
+ */
+
+const char *FormatIp(char buf[16], uint32_t ip) {
+  snprintf(buf, 16, "%hhu.%hhu.%hhu.%hhu", ip >> 24, ip >> 16, ip >> 8, ip);
+  return buf;
+}
+
+#define FormatIp(x) FormatIp(alloca(16), x)
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
+  int port;
+  struct Cidr in;
+  uint32_t netmask;
+  const char *status;
+  struct timeval timeout;
+  uint32_t network_address;
+  uint32_t last_host_address;
+  uint32_t first_host_address;
+
+  if (argc != 3) {
+  PrintUsage:
+    fprintf(stderr,
+            "usage:   %s IP/CIDR PORT\n"
+            "example: %s 192.168.0.0/24 22\n",
+            argv[0], argv[0]);
+    return 1;
+  }
+
+  in = ParseCidr(argv[1], -1);
+  if (in.addr == -1) {
+    fprintf(stderr, "error: bad ip/cidr\n");
+    goto PrintUsage;
+  }
+
+  port = atoi(argv[2]);
+  if (!(1 <= port && port <= 65535)) {
+    fprintf(stderr, "error: bad port\n");
+    goto PrintUsage;
+  }
+
+  if (in.cidr > 30) {
+    fprintf(stderr, "error: maximum supported cidr is 30\n");
+    goto PrintUsage;
+  }
+
+  if (in.cidr < 22) {
+    fprintf(stderr, "error: minimum cidr support right now is 22\n");
+    goto PrintUsage;
+  }
+
+  netmask = -1u << (32 - in.cidr);
+  network_address = in.addr & netmask;
+  first_host_address = network_address + 1;
+  last_host_address = (network_address | ~netmask) - 1;
+
+  assert(last_host_address > first_host_address);
+  assert(last_host_address - first_host_address < 1024);
+
+  fprintf(stderr, "scanning %s through %s\n", FormatIp(first_host_address),
+          FormatIp(last_host_address));
+
+  timeout = timeval_frommillis(100);
+  for (int64_t ip = first_host_address; ip <= last_host_address; ++ip) {
+    if (!fork()) {
+      socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP);
+      setsockopt(3, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVTIMEO, &timeout, sizeof(timeout));
+      setsockopt(3, SOL_SOCKET, SO_SNDTIMEO, &timeout, sizeof(timeout));
+      if (!connect(3,
+                   (struct sockaddr *)&(struct sockaddr_in){
+                       .sin_family = AF_INET,
+                       .sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(ip),
+                       .sin_port = htons(port),
+                   },
+                   sizeof(struct sockaddr_in))) {
+        status = "open";
+      } else if (errno == ECONNREFUSED) {
+        status = "closed";
+      } else if (errno != EINPROGRESS) {
+        status = _strerrno(errno);
+      } else {
+        status = 0;
+      }
+      if (status) {
+        printf("%-15s %s\n", FormatIp(ip), status);
+      }
+      _Exit(0);
+    }
+  }
+  for (;;) {
+    if (wait(0) == -1 && errno == ECHILD) {
+      break;
+    }
+  }
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+#if 0
+/*─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╗
+│ To the extent possible under law, Justine Tunney has waived      │
+│ all copyright and related or neighboring rights to this file,    │
+│ as it is written in the following disclaimers:                   │
+│   • http://unlicense.org/                                        │
+│   • http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/            │
+╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#endif
+#include "libc/calls/calls.h"
+#include "libc/runtime/runtime.h"
+#include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
+#include "libc/str/str.h"
+#include "libc/sysv/consts/reboot.h"
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
+  char line[8] = {0};
+  if (argc > 1 && !strcmp(argv[1], "-y")) {
+    line[0] = 'y';
+  } else {
+    printf("reboot your computer? yes or no [no] ");
+    fflush(stdout);
+    fgets(line, sizeof(line), stdin);
+  }
+  if (line[0] == 'y' || line[0] == 'Y') {
+    if (reboot(RB_AUTOBOOT)) {
+      printf("system is rebooting...\n");
+      exit(0);
+    } else {
+      perror("reboot");
+      exit(1);
+    }
+  } else if (line[0] == 'n' || line[0] == 'N') {
+    exit(0);
+  } else {
+    printf("error: unrecognized response\n");
+    exit(2);
+  }
+}
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
 #endif
 #include "libc/calls/calls.h"
-#include "libc/calls/strace.internal.h"
+#include "libc/intrin/strace.internal.h"
 #include "libc/calls/struct/rlimit.h"
 #include "libc/errno.h"
 #include "libc/intrin/describeflags.internal.h"
@@ -0,0 +1,521 @@
+/*-*- mode:c;indent-tabs-mode:t;c-basic-offset:8;tab-width:8;coding:utf-8   -*-│
+│vi: set et ft=c ts=8 tw=8 fenc=utf-8                                       :vi│
+╞══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╡
+│ Copyright (c) 2010, 2012 David E. O'Brien                                    │
+│ Copyright (c) 1980, 1992, 1993                                               │
+│      The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.      │
+│                                                                              │
+│ Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without           │
+│ modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions           │
+│ are met:                                                                     │
+│  1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright           │
+│     notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.            │
+│  2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright        │
+│     notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the      │
+│     documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.     │
+│  3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors     │
+│     may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software    │
+│     without specific prior written permission.                               │
+│                                                                              │
+│ THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND      │
+│ ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE        │
+│ IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE   │
+│ ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE     │
+│ FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL   │
+│ DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS      │
+│ OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)        │
+│ HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT   │
+│ LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY    │
+│ OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF       │
+│ SUCH DAMAGE.                                                                 │
+╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#include "libc/calls/calls.h"
+#include "libc/calls/struct/iovec.h"
+#include "libc/calls/struct/stat.h"
+#include "libc/calls/struct/termios.h"
+#include "libc/calls/struct/timeval.h"
+#include "libc/calls/struct/winsize.h"
+#include "libc/calls/termios.h"
+#include "libc/calls/weirdtypes.h"
+#include "libc/errno.h"
+#include "libc/fmt/conv.h"
+#include "libc/intrin/bswap.h"
+#include "libc/log/bsd.h"
+#include "libc/macros.internal.h"
+#include "libc/mem/mem.h"
+#include "libc/paths.h"
+#include "libc/runtime/runtime.h"
+#include "libc/sock/select.h"
+#include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
+#include "libc/sysv/consts/fileno.h"
+#include "libc/sysv/consts/s.h"
+#include "libc/sysv/consts/termios.h"
+#include "libc/time/time.h"
+#include "third_party/getopt/getopt.h"
+// clang-format off
+
+/**
+ * @fileoverview Terminal Screencast Recorder / Player, e.g.
+ *
+ *     make o//examples/script.com
+ *     o//examples/script.com -r
+ *     # type stuff..
+ *     # CTRL-D
+ *     o//examples/script.com -p typescript
+ *
+ * @note works on Linux, OpenBSD, NetBSD, FreeBSD, MacOS
+ * @see https://asciinema.org/
+ */
+
+asm(".ident\t\"\\n\\n\
+FreeBSD Script (BSD-3 License)\\n\
+Copyright (c) 2010, 2012 David E. O'Brien\\n\
+Copyright (c) 1980, 1992, 1993\\n\
+\tThe Regents of the University of California.\\n\
+\tAll rights reserved.\"");
+asm(".include \"libc/disclaimer.inc\"");
+
+#define DEF_BUF 65536
+
+struct stamp {
+	uint64_t scr_len;	/* amount of data */
+	uint64_t scr_sec;	/* time it arrived in seconds... */
+	uint32_t scr_usec;	/* ...and microseconds */
+	uint32_t scr_direction; /* 'i', 'o', etc (also indicates endianness) */
+};
+
+static FILE *fscript;
+static int master, slave;
+static int child;
+static const char *fname;
+static char *fmfname;
+static int qflg, ttyflg;
+static int usesleep, rawout, showexit;
+
+static struct termios tt;
+
+static void done(int) wontreturn;
+static void doshell(char **);
+static void finish(void);
+static void record(FILE *, char *, size_t, int);
+static void consume(FILE *, off_t, char *, int);
+static void playback(FILE *) wontreturn;
+static void usage(void);
+
+int
+main(int argc, char *argv[])
+{
+	int cc;
+	struct termios rtt, stt;
+	struct winsize win;
+	struct timeval tv, *tvp;
+	time_t tvec, start;
+	static char obuf[BUFSIZ];
+	static char ibuf[BUFSIZ];
+	fd_set rfd;
+	int aflg, Fflg, kflg, pflg, ch, k, n;
+	int flushtime, readstdin;
+	int fm_fd, fm_log;
+
+	aflg = Fflg = kflg = pflg = 0;
+	usesleep = 1;
+	rawout = 0;
+	flushtime = 30;
+	fm_fd = -1;	/* Shut up stupid "may be used uninitialized" GCC
+			   warning. (not needed w/clang) */
+	showexit = 0;
+
+	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "adeFfkpqrt:")) != -1)
+		switch(ch) {
+		case 'a':
+			aflg = 1;
+			break;
+		case 'd':
+			usesleep = 0;
+			break;
+		case 'e':	/* Default behavior, accepted for linux compat */
+			break;
+		case 'F':
+			Fflg = 1;
+			break;
+		case 'k':
+			kflg = 1;
+			break;
+		case 'p':
+			pflg = 1;
+			break;
+		case 'q':
+			qflg = 1;
+			break;
+		case 'r':
+			rawout = 1;
+			break;
+		case 't':
+			flushtime = atoi(optarg);
+			if (flushtime < 0)
+				err(1, "invalid flush time %d", flushtime);
+			break;
+		case '?':
+		default:
+			usage();
+		}
+	argc -= optind;
+	argv += optind;
+
+	if (argc > 0) {
+		fname = argv[0];
+		argv++;
+		argc--;
+	} else
+		fname = "typescript";
+
+	if ((fscript = fopen(fname, pflg ? "r" : aflg ? "a" : "w")) == NULL)
+		err(1, "%s", fname);
+
+	if (pflg)
+		playback(fscript);
+
+	if (tcgetattr(STDIN_FILENO, &tt) == -1 ||
+	    ioctl(STDIN_FILENO, TIOCGWINSZ, &win) == -1) {
+		if (errno != ENOTTY) /* For debugger. */
+			err(1, "tcgetattr/ioctl");
+		if (openpty(&master, &slave, NULL, NULL, NULL) == -1)
+			err(1, "openpty");
+	} else {
+		if (openpty(&master, &slave, NULL, &tt, &win) == -1)
+			err(1, "openpty");
+		ttyflg = 1;
+	}
+
+	if (rawout)
+		record(fscript, NULL, 0, 's');
+
+	if (!qflg) {
+		tvec = time(NULL);
+		printf("Script started, output file is %s\n", fname);
+		if (!rawout) {
+			fprintf(fscript, "Script started on %s",
+			    ctime(&tvec));
+			if (argv[0]) {
+				showexit = 1;
+				fprintf(fscript, "Command: ");
+				for (k = 0 ; argv[k] ; ++k)
+					fprintf(fscript, "%s%s", k ? " " : "",
+						argv[k]);
+				fprintf(fscript, "\n");
+			}
+		}
+		fflush(fscript);
+	}
+	if (ttyflg) {
+		rtt = tt;
+		cfmakeraw(&rtt);
+		rtt.c_lflag &= ~ECHO;
+		tcsetattr(STDIN_FILENO, TCSAFLUSH, &rtt);
+	}
+
+	child = fork();
+	if (child < 0) {
+		warn("fork");
+		done(1);
+	}
+	if (child == 0) {
+		doshell(argv);
+	}
+	close(slave);
+
+	start = tvec = time(0);
+	readstdin = 1;
+	for (;;) {
+		FD_ZERO(&rfd);
+		FD_SET(master, &rfd);
+		if (readstdin)
+			FD_SET(STDIN_FILENO, &rfd);
+		if (!readstdin && ttyflg) {
+			tv.tv_sec = 1;
+			tv.tv_usec = 0;
+			tvp = &tv;
+			readstdin = 1;
+		} else if (flushtime > 0) {
+			tv.tv_sec = flushtime - (tvec - start);
+			tv.tv_usec = 0;
+			tvp = &tv;
+		} else {
+			tvp = NULL;
+		}
+		n = select(master + 1, &rfd, 0, 0, tvp);
+		if (n < 0 && errno != EINTR)
+			break;
+		if (n > 0 && FD_ISSET(STDIN_FILENO, &rfd)) {
+			cc = read(STDIN_FILENO, ibuf, BUFSIZ);
+			if (cc < 0)
+				break;
+			if (cc == 0) {
+				if (tcgetattr(master, &stt) == 0 &&
+				    (stt.c_lflag & ICANON) != 0) {
+					write(master, &stt.c_cc[VEOF], 1);
+				}
+				readstdin = 0;
+			}
+			if (cc > 0) {
+				if (rawout)
+					record(fscript, ibuf, cc, 'i');
+				write(master, ibuf, cc);
+				if (kflg && tcgetattr(master, &stt) >= 0 &&
+				    ((stt.c_lflag & ECHO) == 0)) {
+					fwrite(ibuf, 1, cc, fscript);
+				}
+			}
+		}
+		if (n > 0 && FD_ISSET(master, &rfd)) {
+			cc = read(master, obuf, sizeof (obuf));
+			if (cc <= 0)
+				break;
+			write(STDOUT_FILENO, obuf, cc);
+			if (rawout)
+				record(fscript, obuf, cc, 'o');
+			else
+				fwrite(obuf, 1, cc, fscript);
+		}
+		tvec = time(0);
+		if (tvec - start >= flushtime) {
+			fflush(fscript);
+			start = tvec;
+		}
+		if (Fflg)
+			fflush(fscript);
+	}
+	finish();
+	done(0);
+}
+
+static void
+usage(void)
+{
+	fprintf(stderr,
+		"usage: script [-adfkpqr] [-t time] [file [command ...]]\n");
+	exit(1);
+}
+
+static void
+finish(void)
+{
+	int e, status;
+
+	if (waitpid(child, &status, 0) == child) {
+		if (WIFEXITED(status))
+			e = WEXITSTATUS(status);
+		else if (WIFSIGNALED(status))
+			e = WTERMSIG(status);
+		else /* can't happen */
+			e = 1;
+		done(e);
+	}
+}
+
+static void
+doshell(char **av)
+{
+	const char *shell;
+
+	shell = getenv("SHELL");
+	if (shell == NULL)
+		shell = _PATH_BSHELL;
+
+	close(master);
+	fclose(fscript);
+	free(fmfname);
+	login_tty(slave);
+	setenv("SCRIPT", fname, 1);
+	if (av[0]) {
+		execvp(av[0], av);
+		warn("%s", av[0]);
+	} else {
+		execl(shell, shell, "-i", 0);
+		warn("%s", shell);
+	}
+	exit(1);
+}
+
+static void
+done(int eno)
+{
+	time_t tvec;
+
+	if (ttyflg)
+		tcsetattr(STDIN_FILENO, TCSAFLUSH, &tt);
+	tvec = time(NULL);
+	if (rawout)
+		record(fscript, NULL, 0, 'e');
+	if (!qflg) {
+		if (!rawout) {
+			if (showexit)
+				fprintf(fscript, "\nCommand exit status:"
+				    " %d", eno);
+			fprintf(fscript,"\nScript done on %s",
+			    ctime(&tvec));
+		}
+		printf("\nScript done, output file is %s\n", fname);
+	}
+	fclose(fscript);
+	close(master);
+	exit(eno);
+}
+
+static void
+record(FILE *fp, char *buf, size_t cc, int direction)
+{
+	struct iovec iov[2];
+	struct stamp stamp;
+	struct timeval tv;
+
+	gettimeofday(&tv, NULL);
+	stamp.scr_len = cc;
+	stamp.scr_sec = tv.tv_sec;
+	stamp.scr_usec = tv.tv_usec;
+	stamp.scr_direction = direction;
+	iov[0].iov_len = sizeof(stamp);
+	iov[0].iov_base = &stamp;
+	iov[1].iov_len = cc;
+	iov[1].iov_base = buf;
+	if (writev(fileno(fp), &iov[0], 2) == -1)
+		err(1, "writev");
+}
+
+static void
+consume(FILE *fp, off_t len, char *buf, int reg)
+{
+	size_t l;
+
+	if (reg) {
+		if (fseeko(fp, len, SEEK_CUR) == -1)
+			err(1, NULL);
+	}
+	else {
+		while (len > 0) {
+			l = MIN(DEF_BUF, len);
+			if (fread(buf, sizeof(char), l, fp) != l)
+				err(1, "cannot read buffer");
+			len -= l;
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+#define swapstamp(stamp) do { \
+	if (stamp.scr_direction > 0xff) { \
+		stamp.scr_len = bswap_64(stamp.scr_len); \
+		stamp.scr_sec = bswap_64(stamp.scr_sec); \
+		stamp.scr_usec = bswap_32(stamp.scr_usec); \
+		stamp.scr_direction = bswap_32(stamp.scr_direction); \
+	} \
+} while (0/*CONSTCOND*/)
+
+static void
+termset(void)
+{
+	struct termios traw;
+
+	if (tcgetattr(STDOUT_FILENO, &tt) == -1) {
+		if (errno != ENOTTY) /* For debugger. */
+			err(1, "tcgetattr");
+		return;
+	}
+	ttyflg = 1;
+	traw = tt;
+	cfmakeraw(&traw);
+	traw.c_lflag |= ISIG;
+	tcsetattr(STDOUT_FILENO, TCSANOW, &traw);
+}
+
+static void
+termreset(void)
+{
+	if (ttyflg) {
+		tcsetattr(STDOUT_FILENO, TCSADRAIN, &tt);
+		ttyflg = 0;
+	}
+}
+
+static void
+playback(FILE *fp)
+{
+	struct timespec tsi, tso;
+	struct stamp stamp;
+	struct stat pst;
+	static char buf[DEF_BUF];
+	off_t nread, save_len;
+	size_t l;
+	time_t tclock;
+	int reg;
+
+	if (fstat(fileno(fp), &pst) == -1)
+		err(1, "fstat failed");
+
+	reg = S_ISREG(pst.st_mode);
+
+	for (nread = 0; !reg || nread < pst.st_size; nread += save_len) {
+		if (fread(&stamp, sizeof(stamp), 1, fp) != 1) {
+			if (reg)
+				err(1, "reading playback header");
+			else
+				break;
+		}
+		swapstamp(stamp);
+		save_len = sizeof(stamp);
+
+		if (reg && stamp.scr_len >
+		    (uint64_t)(pst.st_size - save_len) - nread)
+			errx(1, "invalid stamp");
+
+		save_len += stamp.scr_len;
+		tclock = stamp.scr_sec;
+		tso.tv_sec = stamp.scr_sec;
+		tso.tv_nsec = stamp.scr_usec * 1000;
+
+		switch (stamp.scr_direction) {
+		case 's':
+			if (!qflg)
+			    printf("Script started on %s",
+				ctime(&tclock));
+			tsi = tso;
+			consume(fp, stamp.scr_len, buf, reg);
+			termset();
+			atexit(termreset);
+			break;
+		case 'e':
+			termreset();
+			if (!qflg)
+				printf("\nScript done on %s",
+				    ctime(&tclock));
+			consume(fp, stamp.scr_len, buf, reg);
+			break;
+		case 'i':
+			/* throw input away */
+			consume(fp, stamp.scr_len, buf, reg);
+			break;
+		case 'o':
+			tsi.tv_sec = tso.tv_sec - tsi.tv_sec;
+			tsi.tv_nsec = tso.tv_nsec - tsi.tv_nsec;
+			if (tsi.tv_nsec < 0) {
+				tsi.tv_sec -= 1;
+				tsi.tv_nsec += 1000000000;
+			}
+			if (usesleep)
+				nanosleep(&tsi, NULL);
+			tsi = tso;
+			while (stamp.scr_len > 0) {
+				l = MIN(DEF_BUF, stamp.scr_len);
+				if (fread(buf, sizeof(char), l, fp) != l)
+					err(1, "cannot read buffer");
+
+				write(STDOUT_FILENO, buf, l);
+				stamp.scr_len -= l;
+			}
+			break;
+		default:
+			errx(1, "invalid direction");
+		}
+	}
+	fclose(fp);
+	exit(0);
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
+SCRIPT(1)            Cosmopolitan General Commands Manual              SCRIPT(1)
+
+𝐍𝐀𝐌𝐄
+     𝘀𝗰𝗿𝗶𝗽𝘁 — make typescript of terminal session
+
+𝐒𝐘𝐍𝐎𝐏𝐒𝐈𝐒
+     𝘀𝗰𝗿𝗶𝗽𝘁 [-𝗮𝗱𝗲𝗳𝗸𝗽𝗾𝗿] [-𝐅 p̲i̲p̲e̲] [-𝘁 t̲i̲m̲e̲] [f̲i̲l̲e̲ [c̲o̲m̲m̲a̲n̲d̲ .̲.̲.̲]]
+
+𝐃𝐄𝐒𝐂𝐑𝐈𝐏𝐓𝐈𝐎𝐍
+     The 𝘀𝗰𝗿𝗶𝗽𝘁 utility makes a typescript of everything printed on your termi‐
+     nal.  It is useful for students who need a hardcopy record of an interac‐
+     tive session as proof of an assignment, as the typescript file can be
+     printed out later with lpr(1).
+
+     If the argument f̲i̲l̲e̲ is given, 𝘀𝗰𝗿𝗶𝗽𝘁 saves all dialogue in f̲i̲l̲e̲.  If no
+     file name is given, the typescript is saved in the file t̲y̲p̲e̲s̲c̲r̲i̲p̲t̲.
+
+     If the argument c̲o̲m̲m̲a̲n̲d̲ is given, 𝘀𝗰𝗿𝗶𝗽𝘁 will run the specified command
+     with an optional argument vector instead of an interactive shell.
+
+     The following options are available:
+
+     -𝗮      Append the output to f̲i̲l̲e̲ or t̲y̲p̲e̲s̲c̲r̲i̲p̲t̲, retaining the prior con‐
+             tents.
+
+     -𝗱      When playing back a session with the -𝗽 flag, do not sleep between
+             records when playing back a timestamped session.
+
+     -𝗲      Accepted for compatibility with u̲t̲i̲l̲-̲l̲i̲n̲u̲x̲ 𝘀𝗰𝗿𝗶𝗽𝘁.  The child com‐
+             mand exit status is always the exit status of 𝘀𝗰𝗿𝗶𝗽𝘁.
+
+     -𝐅 p̲i̲p̲e̲
+             Immediately flush output after each write.  This will allow a user
+             to create a named pipe using mkfifo(1) and another user may watch
+             the live session using a utility like cat(1).
+
+     -𝗸      Log keys sent to the program as well as output.
+
+     -𝗽      Play back a session recorded with the -𝗿 flag in real time.
+
+     -𝗾      Run in quiet mode, omit the start, stop and command status mes‐
+             sages.
+
+     -𝗿      Record a session with input, output, and timestamping.
+
+     -𝘁 t̲i̲m̲e̲
+             Specify the interval at which the script output file will be
+             flushed to disk, in seconds.  A value of 0 causes 𝘀𝗰𝗿𝗶𝗽𝘁 to flush
+             after every character I/O event.  The default interval is 30 sec‐
+             onds.
+
+     The script ends when the forked shell (or command) exits (a c̲o̲n̲t̲r̲o̲l̲-̲D̲ to
+     exit the Bourne shell (sh(1)), and e̲x̲i̲t̲, l̲o̲g̲o̲u̲t̲ or c̲o̲n̲t̲r̲o̲l̲-̲D̲ (if i̲g̲n̲o̲r̲e̲e̲o̲f̲
+     is not set) for the C-shell, csh(1)).
+
+     Certain interactive commands, such as vi(1), create garbage in the type‐
+     script file.  The 𝘀𝗰𝗿𝗶𝗽𝘁 utility works best with commands that do not ma‐
+     nipulate the screen.  The results are meant to emulate a hardcopy terminal,
+     not an addressable one.
+
+𝐄𝐍𝐕𝐈𝐑𝐎𝐍𝐌𝐄𝐍𝐓
+     The following environment variables are utilized by 𝘀𝗰𝗿𝗶𝗽𝘁:
+
+     SCRIPT
+            The SCRIPT environment variable is added to the sub-shell.  If
+            SCRIPT already existed in the users environment, its value is over‐
+            written within the sub-shell.  The value of SCRIPT is the name of
+            the t̲y̲p̲e̲s̲c̲r̲i̲p̲t̲ file.
+
+     SHELL  If the variable SHELL exists, the shell forked by 𝘀𝗰𝗿𝗶𝗽𝘁 will be
+            that shell.  If SHELL is not set, the Bourne shell is assumed.
+            (Most shells set this variable automatically).
+
+𝐒𝐄𝐄 𝐀𝐋𝐒𝐎
+     csh(1) (for the h̲i̲s̲t̲o̲r̲y̲ mechanism)
+
+𝐇𝐈𝐒𝐓𝐎𝐑𝐘
+     The 𝘀𝗰𝗿𝗶𝗽𝘁 command appeared in 3.0BSD.
+
+     The -𝗱, -𝗽 and -𝗿 options first appeared in NetBSD 2.0 and were ported to
+     FreeBSD 9.2.
+
+𝐁𝐔𝐆𝐒
+     The 𝘀𝗰𝗿𝗶𝗽𝘁 utility places 𝗲𝘃𝗲𝗿𝘆𝘁𝗵𝗶𝗻𝗴 in the log file, including linefeeds
+     and backspaces.  This is not what the naive user expects.
+
+     It is not possible to specify a command without also naming the script file
+     because of argument parsing compatibility issues.
+
+     When running in -𝗸 mode, echo cancelling is far from ideal.  The slave ter‐
+     minal mode is checked for ECHO mode to check when to avoid manual echo log‐
+     ging.  This does not work when the terminal is in a raw mode where the pro‐
+     gram being run is doing manual echo.
+
+     If 𝘀𝗰𝗿𝗶𝗽𝘁 reads zero bytes from the terminal, it switches to a mode when it
+     only attempts to read once a second until there is data to read.  This pre‐
+     vents 𝘀𝗰𝗿𝗶𝗽𝘁 from spinning on zero-byte reads, but might cause a 1-second
+     delay in processing of user input.
+
+BSD                             September 1, 2020                            BSD
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@

 volatile bool gotalrm;

-void OnSigAlrm(int sig, siginfo_t *si, ucontext_t *ctx) {
+void OnSigAlrm(int sig, siginfo_t *si, void *ctx) {
  gotalrm = true;
 }

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+#if 0
+/*─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╗
+│ To the extent possible under law, Justine Tunney has waived      │
+│ all copyright and related or neighboring rights to this file,    │
+│ as it is written in the following disclaimers:                   │
+│   • http://unlicense.org/                                        │
+│   • http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/            │
+╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#endif
+#include "libc/calls/calls.h"
+#include "libc/runtime/runtime.h"
+#include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
+#include "libc/str/str.h"
+#include "libc/sysv/consts/reboot.h"
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
+  char line[8] = {0};
+  if (argc > 1 && !strcmp(argv[1], "-y")) {
+    line[0] = 'y';
+  } else {
+    printf("shutdown your computer? yes or no [no] ");
+    fflush(stdout);
+    fgets(line, sizeof(line), stdin);
+  }
+  if (line[0] == 'y' || line[0] == 'Y') {
+    if (reboot(RB_POWER_OFF)) {
+      printf("system is shutting down...\n");
+      exit(0);
+    } else {
+      perror("reboot");
+      exit(1);
+    }
+  } else if (line[0] == 'n' || line[0] == 'N') {
+    exit(0);
+  } else {
+    printf("error: unrecognized response\n");
+    exit(2);
+  }
+}
@@ -14,11 +14,11 @@
 #include "libc/fmt/fmt.h"
 #include "libc/log/check.h"
 #include "libc/log/log.h"
-#include "libc/runtime/gc.h"
+#include "libc/mem/gc.h"
 #include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
 #include "libc/str/str.h"
 #include "libc/sysv/consts/s.h"
-#include "libc/x/x.h"
+#include "libc/x/xiso8601.h"

 /**
 * @fileoverview File metadata viewer.
@@ -27,13 +27,13 @@ dontinline void ShowIt(const char *path) {
         "optimal transfer block size");
  sizefmt(ibuf, sf.f_frsize, 1024);
  printf("f_frsize  = %,zu (%sb %s)\n", sf.f_frsize, ibuf, "fragment size");
-  sizefmt(ibuf, sf.f_blocks * sf.f_bsize, 1024);
+  sizefmt(ibuf, sf.f_blocks * sf.f_frsize, 1024);
  printf("f_blocks  = %,zu (%sb %s)\n", sf.f_blocks, ibuf,
         "total data blocks in filesystem");
-  sizefmt(ibuf, sf.f_bfree * sf.f_bsize, 1024);
+  sizefmt(ibuf, sf.f_bfree * sf.f_frsize, 1024);
  printf("f_bfree   = %,zu (%sb %s)\n", sf.f_bfree, ibuf,
         "free blocks in filesystem");
-  sizefmt(ibuf, sf.f_bavail * sf.f_bsize, 1024);
+  sizefmt(ibuf, sf.f_bavail * sf.f_frsize, 1024);
  printf("f_bavail  = %,zu (%sb %s)\n", sf.f_bavail, ibuf,
         "free blocks available to use");
  printf("f_files   = %,zu (%s)\n", sf.f_files,
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
 #include "libc/fmt/fmt.h"
 #include "libc/log/check.h"
 #include "libc/mem/mem.h"
-#include "libc/stdio/append.internal.h"
+#include "libc/stdio/append.h"
 #include "libc/str/str.h"

 /**
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+#if 0
+/*─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╗
+│ To the extent possible under law, Justine Tunney has waived      │
+│ all copyright and related or neighboring rights to this file,    │
+│ as it is written in the following disclaimers:                   │
+│   • http://unlicense.org/                                        │
+│   • http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/            │
+╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#endif
+#include "libc/intrin/kprintf.h"
+#include "libc/log/log.h"
+
+/**
+ * @fileoverview example of how to embed symbol table in .com file
+ *
+ *     # build our binary
+ *     make -j16 o//examples/symtab.com
+ *
+ *     # move binary somewhere else
+ *     # so it can't find the .com.dbg binary
+ *     cp o//examples/symtab.com /tmp
+ *
+ *     # run program
+ *     # notice that it has a symbolic backtrace
+ *     /tmp/symtab.com
+ *
+ * @see examples/examples.mk
+ */
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
+
+  // this links all the debugging and zip functionality
+  ShowCrashReports();
+
+  kprintf("----------------\n");
+  kprintf(" THIS IS A TEST \n");
+  kprintf("SIMULATING CRASH\n");
+  kprintf("----------------\n");
+
+  volatile int64_t x;
+  return 1 / (x = 0);
+}
@@ -46,31 +46,31 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
         1. / 65536 * si.loads[1],    //
         1. / 65536 * si.loads[2]);   //

-  sizefmt(ibuf, si.totalram, 1024);
-  printf("%-16s %s\n", "totalram", ibuf);
+  sizefmt(ibuf, si.totalram * si.mem_unit, 1024);
+  printf("%-16s %ld (%s)\n", "totalram", si.totalram, ibuf);

-  sizefmt(ibuf, si.freeram, 1024);
-  printf("%-16s %s\n", "freeram", ibuf);
+  sizefmt(ibuf, si.freeram * si.mem_unit, 1024);
+  printf("%-16s %ld (%s)\n", "freeram", si.freeram, ibuf);

-  sizefmt(ibuf, si.sharedram, 1024);
-  printf("%-16s %s\n", "sharedram", ibuf);
+  sizefmt(ibuf, si.sharedram * si.mem_unit, 1024);
+  printf("%-16s %ld (%s)\n", "sharedram", si.sharedram, ibuf);

-  sizefmt(ibuf, si.bufferram, 1024);
-  printf("%-16s %s\n", "bufferram", ibuf);
+  sizefmt(ibuf, si.bufferram * si.mem_unit, 1024);
+  printf("%-16s %ld (%s)\n", "bufferram", si.bufferram, ibuf);

-  sizefmt(ibuf, si.totalswap, 1024);
-  printf("%-16s %s\n", "totalswap", ibuf);
+  sizefmt(ibuf, si.totalswap * si.mem_unit, 1024);
+  printf("%-16s %ld (%s)\n", "totalswap", si.totalswap, ibuf);

-  sizefmt(ibuf, si.freeswap, 1024);
-  printf("%-16s %s\n", "freeswap", ibuf);
+  sizefmt(ibuf, si.freeswap * si.mem_unit, 1024);
+  printf("%-16s %ld (%s)\n", "freeswap", si.freeswap, ibuf);

  printf("%-16s %lu\n", "processes", si.procs);

-  sizefmt(ibuf, si.totalhigh, 1024);
-  printf("%-16s %s\n", "totalhigh", ibuf);
+  sizefmt(ibuf, si.totalhigh * si.mem_unit, 1024);
+  printf("%-16s %ld (%s)\n", "totalhigh", si.totalhigh, ibuf);

-  sizefmt(ibuf, si.freehigh, 1024);
-  printf("%-16s %s\n", "freehigh", ibuf);
+  sizefmt(ibuf, si.freehigh * si.mem_unit, 1024);
+  printf("%-16s %ld (%s)\n", "freehigh", si.freehigh, ibuf);

  sizefmt(ibuf, si.mem_unit, 1024);
  printf("%-16s %s\n", "mem_unit", ibuf);
@@ -7,13 +7,20 @@
 │   • http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/            │
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
 #endif
-#include "libc/dce.h"
+#include "libc/runtime/runtime.h"
 #include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"

+/**
+ * @fileoverview Cosmopolitan Command Interpreter Demo
+ * Yes this works on Windows.
+ */
+
+STATIC_YOINK("_tr");
+STATIC_YOINK("_sed");
+
 int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
-  if (IsWindows()) {
-    system("notepad");
-  } else {
-    system("ls | tr a-z A-Z");
-  }
+  system("x=world\n"
+         "echo hello $x |\n"
+         "  tr a-z A-Z |\n"
+         "  sed 's/\\(.\\)/\\1 /g'");
 }
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+#if 0
+/*─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╗
+│ To the extent possible under law, Justine Tunney has waived      │
+│ all copyright and related or neighboring rights to this file,    │
+│ as it is written in the following disclaimers:                   │
+│   • http://unlicense.org/                                        │
+│   • http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/            │
+╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#endif
+#include "libc/thread/thread.h"
+#include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
+
+/**
+ * @fileoverview Basic POSIX Threads Example.
+ *
+ *     $ make -j8 o//examples/thread.com
+ *     $ o//examples/thread.com
+ *     hi there
+ *
+ */
+
+void *worker(void *arg) {
+  fputs(arg, stdout);
+  return "there\n";
+}
+
+int main() {
+  void *result;
+  pthread_t id;
+  pthread_create(&id, 0, worker, "hi ");
+  pthread_join(id, &result);
+  fputs(result, stdout);
+}
@@ -12,10 +12,11 @@
 #include "libc/fmt/itoa.h"
 #include "libc/log/log.h"
 #include "libc/math.h"
+#include "libc/runtime/runtime.h"
 #include "libc/str/str.h"
 #include "libc/sysv/consts/ex.h"
 #include "libc/time/time.h"
-#include "libc/x/x.h"
+#include "libc/x/xspawn.h"

 /**
 * @fileoverview command for showing how long a command takes
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
 #include "libc/macros.internal.h"
 #include "libc/mem/mem.h"
 #include "libc/runtime/runtime.h"
-#include "libc/stdio/append.internal.h"
+#include "libc/stdio/append.h"
 #include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
 #include "libc/str/str.h"
 #include "libc/sysv/consts/itimer.h"
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@
 #include "libc/sysv/consts/o.h"
 #include "libc/sysv/consts/sig.h"
 #include "libc/sysv/consts/termios.h"
-#include "libc/x/x.h"
+#include "libc/x/xsigaction.h"

 #define CTRL(C)                ((C) ^ 0b01000000)
 #define WRITE(FD, SLIT)        write(FD, SLIT, strlen(SLIT))
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ int rawmode(void) {
 }

 void getsize(void) {
-  if (getttysize(1, &wsize) != -1) {
+  if (_getttysize(1, &wsize) != -1) {
    printf("termios says terminal size is %hu×%hu\r\n", wsize.ws_col,
           wsize.ws_row);
  } else {
@@ -148,12 +148,12 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
    if (iscntrl(code[0]) && !code[1]) {
      printf("is CTRL-%c a.k.a. ^%c\r\n", CTRL(code[0]), CTRL(code[0]));
      if (code[0] == CTRL('C') || code[0] == CTRL('D')) break;
-    } else if (startswith(code, "\e[") && endswith(code, "R")) {
+    } else if (_startswith(code, "\e[") && _endswith(code, "R")) {
      yn = 1, xn = 1;
      sscanf(code, "\e[%d;%dR", &yn, &xn);
      printf("inband signalling says terminal size is %d×%d\r\n", xn, yn);
-    } else if (startswith(code, "\e[<") &&
-               (endswith(code, "m") || endswith(code, "M"))) {
+    } else if (_startswith(code, "\e[<") &&
+               (_endswith(code, "m") || _endswith(code, "M"))) {
      e = 0, y = 1, x = 1;
      sscanf(code, "\e[<%d;%d;%d%c", &e, &y, &x, &c);
      printf("mouse %s at %d×%d\r\n", describemouseevent(e | (c == 'm') << 2),
@@ -26,8 +26,9 @@
 * and this example should work on all supported platforms even Windows
 */

-void handler(int sig, siginfo_t *si, ucontext_t *ctx) {
+void handler(int sig, siginfo_t *si, void *vctx) {
  struct XedDecodedInst xedd;
+  struct ucontext *ctx = vctx;
  xed_decoded_inst_zero_set_mode(&xedd, XED_MACHINE_MODE_LONG_64);
  xed_instruction_length_decode(&xedd, (void *)ctx->uc_mcontext.rip, 15);
  ctx->uc_mcontext.rip += xedd.length;
@@ -14,11 +14,11 @@
 int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
  struct utsname names;
  if (uname(&names)) return 1;
-  printf("%-10s %s\n", "sysname", names.sysname);
-  printf("%-10s %s\n", "nodename", names.nodename);
-  printf("%-10s %s\n", "release", names.release);
-  printf("%-10s %s\n", "version", names.version);
-  printf("%-10s %s\n", "machine", names.machine);
-  printf("%-10s %s\n", "domainname", names.domainname);
+  printf("%-10s %`'s\n", "sysname", names.sysname);
+  printf("%-10s %`'s\n", "release", names.release);
+  printf("%-10s %`'s\n", "version", names.version);
+  printf("%-10s %`'s\n", "machine", names.machine);
+  printf("%-10s %`'s\n", "nodename", names.nodename);
+  printf("%-10s %`'s\n", "domainname", names.domainname);
  return 0;
 }
@@ -1,143 +0,0 @@
-#if 0
-/*─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╗
-│ To the extent possible under law, Justine Tunney has waived      │
-│ all copyright and related or neighboring rights to this file,    │
-│ as it is written in the following disclaimers:                   │
-│   • http://unlicense.org/                                        │
-│   • http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/            │
-╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
-#endif
-#include "libc/calls/calls.h"
-#include "libc/calls/struct/sigaction.h"
-#include "libc/calls/struct/termios.h"
-#include "libc/calls/struct/winsize.h"
-#include "libc/calls/termios.h"
-#include "libc/calls/ttydefaults.h"
-#include "libc/log/check.h"
-#include "libc/log/log.h"
-#include "libc/str/str.h"
-#include "libc/sysv/consts/sig.h"
-#include "libc/sysv/consts/termios.h"
-#include "libc/sysv/consts/w.h"
-
-#define STR(s) s, strlen(s)
-
-struct termios tio;
-struct winsize wsz;
-sigset_t chldmask, savemask;
-struct sigaction ignore, saveint, savequit;
-char databuf[512];
-char pathbuf[PATH_MAX];
-
-int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
-  ssize_t rc;
-  const char *prog;
-  size_t i, got, wrote;
-  int ws, mfd, sfd, pid;
-
-  if (argc < 2) {
-    write(2, STR("usage: "));
-    if (argc > 0) write(2, argv[0], strlen(argv[0]));
-    write(2, STR(" prog [argv₁...]\n"));
-    return 1;
-  }
-
-  if (!(prog = commandv(argv[1], pathbuf, sizeof(pathbuf)))) {
-    write(2, STR("error: "));
-    write(2, argv[1], strlen(argv[1]));
-    write(2, STR(" not found\n"));
-    return 2;
-  }
-
-  bzero(&wsz, sizeof(wsz));
-  wsz.ws_col = 80;
-  wsz.ws_row = 45;
-
-  bzero(&tio, sizeof(tio));
-  tio.c_iflag = ICRNL | IXON | IUTF8;
-  tio.c_oflag = OPOST | ONLCR;
-  tio.c_cflag = CREAD | CS8;
-  tio.c_lflag =
-      ISIG | ICANON | ECHO | ECHOE | ECHOK | IEXTEN | ECHOCTL | ECHOKE;
-  tio.c_cc[VMIN] = 1;
-  tio.c_cc[VINTR] = CTRL('C');
-  tio.c_cc[VQUIT] = CTRL('\\');
-  tio.c_cc[VERASE] = CTRL('?');
-  tio.c_cc[VKILL] = CTRL('U');
-  tio.c_cc[VEOF] = CTRL('D');
-  tio.c_cc[VSTART] = CTRL('Q');
-  tio.c_cc[VSTOP] = CTRL('S');
-  tio.c_cc[VSUSP] = CTRL('Z');
-  tio.c_cc[VREPRINT] = CTRL('R');
-  tio.c_cc[VDISCARD] = CTRL('O');
-  tio.c_cc[VWERASE] = CTRL('W');
-  tio.c_cc[VLNEXT] = CTRL('V');
-
-  if (openpty(&mfd, &sfd, 0, &tio, &wsz)) {
-    write(2, STR("error: openpty() failed\n"));
-    return 3;
-  }
-
-  ignore.sa_flags = 0;
-  ignore.sa_handler = SIG_IGN;
-  sigemptyset(&ignore.sa_mask);
-  sigaction(SIGINT, &ignore, &saveint);
-  sigaction(SIGQUIT, &ignore, &savequit);
-  sigemptyset(&chldmask);
-  sigaddset(&chldmask, SIGCHLD);
-  sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, &chldmask, &savemask);
-
-  if ((pid = vfork()) == -1) {
-    write(2, STR("error: vfork() failed\n"));
-    return 4;
-  }
-
-  if (!pid) {
-    close(0);
-    dup(sfd);
-    close(1);
-    dup(sfd);
-    close(2);
-    dup(sfd);
-    close(mfd);
-    sigaction(SIGINT, &saveint, 0);
-    sigaction(SIGQUIT, &savequit, 0);
-    sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &savemask, 0);
-    execv(prog, argv + 1);
-    return 127;
-  }
-  close(sfd);
-
-  for (;;) {
-    if (waitpid(pid, &ws, WNOHANG) == pid) {
-      break;
-    }
-    rc = read(mfd, databuf, sizeof(databuf));
-    if (rc == -1) {
-      perror("read");
-      return 5;
-    }
-    if (!(got = rc)) {
-      continue;
-    }
-    for (i = 0; i < got; i += wrote) {
-      rc = write(1, databuf + i, got - i);
-      if (rc != -1) {
-        wrote = rc;
-      } else {
-        write(2, STR("error: read() failed\n"));
-        return 5;
-      }
-    }
-  }
-
-  sigaction(SIGINT, &saveint, 0);
-  sigaction(SIGQUIT, &savequit, 0);
-  sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &savemask, 0);
-
-  if (WIFEXITED(ws)) {
-    return WEXITSTATUS(ws);
-  } else {
-    return 128 + WTERMSIG(ws);
-  }
-}
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+#if 0
+/*─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╗
+│ To the extent possible under law, Justine Tunney has waived      │
+│ all copyright and related or neighboring rights to this file,    │
+│ as it is written in the following disclaimers:                   │
+│   • http://unlicense.org/                                        │
+│   • http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/            │
+╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#endif
+#include "libc/calls/calls.h"
+#include "libc/calls/termios.h"
+#include "libc/isystem/unistd.h"
+#include "libc/math.h"
+#include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
+#include "libc/str/str.h"
+#include "libc/sysv/consts/termios.h"
+
+/**
+ * @fileoverview Bare Metal VGA TTY demo.
+ *
+ * This program can boot as an operating system. Try it out:
+ *
+ *     make -j8 o//examples/vga.com
+ *     qemu-system-x86_64 -hda o//examples/vga.com -serial stdio
+ *
+ * Please note that, by default, APE binaries only use the serial port
+ * for stdio. To get the VGA console as an added bonus:
+ *
+ *     STATIC_YOINK("vga_console");
+ *
+ * Should be added to the top of your main() program source file.
+ */
+
+STATIC_YOINK("vga_console");
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
+  volatile long double x = -.5;
+  volatile long double y = 1.5;
+  struct termios tio;
+  char buf[16];
+  ssize_t res;
+  if (tcgetattr(0, &tio) != -1) {
+    tio.c_lflag &= ~(ECHO | ICANON);
+    tcsetattr(0, TCSANOW, &tio);
+  }
+  write(1, "\e[5n", 4);
+  res = read(0, buf, 4);
+  if (res != 4 || memcmp(buf, "\e[0n", 4) != 0) {
+    printf("res = %d?\n", res);
+    return -1;
+  }
+  printf("\e[92;44mHello World!\e[0m %.19Lg\n", atan2l(x, y));
+
+  // read/print loop so machine doesn't reset on metal
+  for (;;) {
+    if ((res = readansi(0, buf, 16)) > 0) {
+      printf("got \e[97m%`'.*s\e[0m\r\n", res, buf);
+    }
+  }
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+#if 0
+/*─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╗
+│ To the extent possible under law, Justine Tunney has waived      │
+│ all copyright and related or neighboring rights to this file,    │
+│ as it is written in the following disclaimers:                   │
+│   • http://unlicense.org/                                        │
+│   • http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/            │
+╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#endif
+#include "libc/calls/calls.h"
+#include "libc/calls/termios.h"
+#include "libc/isystem/unistd.h"
+#include "libc/math.h"
+#include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
+#include "libc/str/str.h"
+#include "libc/sysv/consts/termios.h"
+
+/**
+ * @fileoverview Demo of program crash reporting with Bare Metal VGA TTY.
+ *
+ *     make -j8 o//examples/vga2.com
+ *     qemu-system-x86_64 -hda o//examples/vga2.com -serial stdio
+ */
+
+STATIC_YOINK("vga_console");
+STATIC_YOINK("_idt");
+STATIC_YOINK("EfiMain");
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
+  int i;
+  volatile int x = 1;
+  volatile int y = 2;
+  printf("argc = %d\n", argc);
+  for (i = 0; i < argc; ++i) {
+    printf("argv[%d] = \"%s\"\n", i, argv[i]);
+  }
+  printf("\e[92;44mHello World!\e[0m %d\n", 1 / (x + y - 3));
+  for (;;);
+}
@@ -7,16 +7,12 @@
 │   • http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/            │
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
 #endif
-#include "libc/calls/calls.h"
-#include "libc/calls/struct/stat.h"
 #include "libc/errno.h"
-#include "libc/runtime/gc.h"
 #include "libc/runtime/runtime.h"
 #include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
 #include "libc/str/str.h"
 #include "libc/sysv/consts/exit.h"
 #include "libc/sysv/consts/s.h"
-#include "libc/x/x.h"
 #include "third_party/musl/ftw.h"

 /**
@@ -0,0 +1,148 @@
+#if 0
+/*─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╗
+│ To the extent possible under law, Justine Tunney has waived      │
+│ all copyright and related or neighboring rights to this file,    │
+│ as it is written in the following disclaimers:                   │
+│   • http://unlicense.org/                                        │
+│   • http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/            │
+╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#endif
+#include "libc/calls/calls.h"
+#include "libc/calls/struct/timespec.h"
+#include "libc/calls/termios.h"
+#include "libc/errno.h"
+#include "libc/fmt/fmt.h"
+#include "libc/runtime/runtime.h"
+#include "libc/stdio/append.h"
+#include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
+#include "libc/str/str.h"
+#include "libc/sysv/consts/o.h"
+#include "libc/time/struct/tm.h"
+#include "third_party/getopt/getopt.h"
+#include "third_party/musl/passwd.h"
+
+/**
+ * @fileoverview program for broadcasting message to all terminals, e.g.
+ *
+ *     o//examples/wall.com hello friends
+ *
+ * Will place some bold text into the top left corners of all terminals:
+ *
+ *     Broadcast message from jart@host (pts/4) (Tue Oct 11 03:52:24 2022):
+ *     hello friends
+ *
+ * It's useful for having one terminal tab notify your other ones when
+ * something like a long running job completes. In the old days back
+ * when unix systems had multiple users, the wall command provided the
+ * ultimate lulz especially if it's a setuid binary with root privs.
+ */
+
+#define GETOPTS "v"
+#define USAGE \
+  "\
+Usage: wall.com [-v] [TEXTMSG] [<TEXTMSG]\n\
+  -v          increase verbosity\n\
+Examples:\n\
+  wall.com 'hello my friends'\n\
+  echo hello my friends | wall.com\n\
+"
+
+int g_verbose;
+
+static void GetOpts(int argc, char *argv[]) {
+  int opt;
+  while ((opt = getopt(argc, argv, GETOPTS)) != -1) {
+    switch (opt) {
+      case 'v':
+        g_verbose++;
+        break;
+      case '?':
+        write(1, USAGE, sizeof(USAGE) - 1);
+        exit(0);
+      default:
+        write(2, USAGE, sizeof(USAGE) - 1);
+        exit(64);
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+char *GetHost(void) {
+  static char host[254];
+  if (gethostname(host, sizeof(host))) {
+    strcpy(host, "localhost");
+  }
+  return host;
+}
+
+char *GetTime(void) {
+  int64_t t;
+  struct tm tm;
+  struct timespec ts;
+  clock_gettime(0, &ts);
+  localtime_r(&ts.tv_sec, &tm);
+  return _chomp(asctime(&tm));
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
+  GetOpts(argc, argv);
+
+  // create broadcast banner
+  // we use \e[1m so the text is strong & visually distinct
+  // we use \e[K so it doesn't get lost in a forest of text
+  // we map \n → \r\n because teletype might be in raw mode
+  char *msg = 0;
+  const char *s;
+  appends(&msg, "\e7");    // save cursor position
+  appends(&msg, "\e[H");   // goto top left corne
+  appends(&msg, "\e[K");   // clear line forward
+  appends(&msg, "\e[1m");  // bold text
+  appendf(&msg, "Broadcast message from %s@%s", getpwuid(getuid())->pw_name,
+          GetHost());
+  if (isatty(0) && (s = ttyname(0))) appendf(&msg, " (%s)", s);
+  appendf(&msg, " (%s):\r\n", GetTime());
+  appends(&msg, "\e[K");
+
+  // append broadcast message
+  if (optind < argc) {
+    // use cli arguments as message if they exist
+    for (int i = 0; optind + i < argc; ++i) {
+      if (i) appends(&msg, " ");
+      for (s = argv[optind + i]; *s; ++s) {
+        if (*s == '\n') {
+          appends(&msg, "\r\n\e[K");
+        } else {
+          appendw(&msg, *s & 255);
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  } else {
+    // otherwise use stdin as message
+    ssize_t i, rc;
+    char buf[512];
+    while ((rc = read(0, buf, sizeof(buf))) > 0) {
+      for (i = 0; i < rc; ++i) {
+        if (buf[i] == '\n') {
+          appends(&msg, "\r\n\e[K");  // clear line forward
+        } else {
+          appendw(&msg, buf[i] & 255);
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  appends(&msg, "\r\n\e[K\e[0m\e8");  // restore
+
+  // try to send message to all pseudoteletypewriters
+  for (int i = 0;; ++i) {
+    int fd;
+    char pts[32];
+    snprintf(pts, sizeof(pts), "/dev/pts/%d", i);
+    if ((fd = open(pts, O_WRONLY | O_NOCTTY)) == -1) {
+      if (errno == ENOENT) break;
+      if (g_verbose) perror(pts);
+    }
+    write(fd, msg, appendz(msg).i);
+    close(fd);
+  }
+
+  return 0;
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,617 @@
+/*-*- mode:c;indent-tabs-mode:t;c-basic-offset:8;tab-width:8;coding:utf-8   -*-│
+│vi: set et ft=c ts=8 tw=8 fenc=utf-8                                       :vi│
+╞══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╡
+│ Copyright (c) 1980, 1993                                                     │
+│      The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.      │
+│                                                                              │
+│ Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without           │
+│ modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions           │
+│ are met:                                                                     │
+│  1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright           │
+│     notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.            │
+│  2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright        │
+│     notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the      │
+│     documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.     │
+│  3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors     │
+│     may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software    │
+│     without specific prior written permission.                               │
+│                                                                              │
+│ THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND      │
+│ ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE        │
+│ IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE   │
+│ ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE     │
+│ FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL   │
+│ DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS      │
+│ OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)        │
+│ HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT   │
+│ LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY    │
+│ OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF       │
+│ SUCH DAMAGE.                                                                 │
+╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#include "libc/calls/calls.h"
+#include "libc/dns/dns.h"
+#include "libc/errno.h"
+#include "libc/log/bsd.h"
+#include "libc/mem/fmt.h"
+#include "libc/mem/mem.h"
+#include "libc/runtime/runtime.h"
+#include "libc/sock/struct/pollfd.h"
+#include "libc/str/str.h"
+#include "libc/sysv/consts/af.h"
+#include "libc/sysv/consts/ex.h"
+#include "libc/sysv/consts/f.h"
+#include "libc/sysv/consts/o.h"
+#include "libc/sysv/consts/poll.h"
+#include "libc/sysv/consts/sock.h"
+#include "third_party/getopt/getopt.h"
+// clang-format off
+
+asm(".ident\t\"\\n\\n\
+FreeBSD Whois (BSD-3 License)\\n\
+Copyright (c) 1980, 1993\\n\
+\tThe Regents of the University of California.\\n\
+\tAll rights reserved.\"");
+asm(".include \"libc/disclaimer.inc\"");
+
+#define	ABUSEHOST	"whois.abuse.net"
+#define	ANICHOST	"whois.arin.net"
+#define	DENICHOST	"whois.denic.de"
+#define	DKNICHOST	"whois.dk-hostmaster.dk"
+#define	FNICHOST	"whois.afrinic.net"
+#define	GNICHOST	"whois.nic.gov"
+#define	IANAHOST	"whois.iana.org"
+#define	INICHOST	"whois.internic.net"
+#define	KNICHOST	"whois.krnic.net"
+#define	LNICHOST	"whois.lacnic.net"
+#define	MNICHOST	"whois.ra.net"
+#define	PDBHOST		"whois.peeringdb.com"
+#define	PNICHOST	"whois.apnic.net"
+#define	QNICHOST_TAIL	".whois-servers.net"
+#define	RNICHOST	"whois.ripe.net"
+#define	VNICHOST	"whois.verisign-grs.com"
+
+#define	DEFAULT_PORT	"whois"
+
+#define WHOIS_RECURSE	0x01
+#define WHOIS_QUICK	0x02
+#define WHOIS_SPAM_ME	0x04
+
+#define CHOPSPAM	">>> Last update of WHOIS database:"
+
+#define ishost(h) (isalnum((unsigned char)h) || h == '.' || h == '-')
+
+#define SCAN(p, end, check)					\
+	while ((p) < (end))					\
+		if (check) ++(p);				\
+		else break
+
+static struct {
+	const char *suffix, *server;
+} whoiswhere[] = {
+	/* Various handles */
+	{ "-ARIN", ANICHOST },
+	{ "-NICAT", "at" QNICHOST_TAIL },
+	{ "-NORID", "no" QNICHOST_TAIL },
+	{ "-RIPE", RNICHOST },
+	/* Nominet's whois server doesn't return referrals to JANET */
+	{ ".ac.uk", "ac.uk" QNICHOST_TAIL },
+	{ ".gov.uk", "ac.uk" QNICHOST_TAIL },
+	{ "", IANAHOST }, /* default */
+	{ NULL, NULL } /* safety belt */
+};
+
+#define WHOIS_REFERRAL(s) { s, sizeof(s) - 1 }
+static struct {
+	const char *prefix;
+	size_t len;
+} whois_referral[] = {
+	WHOIS_REFERRAL("whois:"), /* IANA */
+	WHOIS_REFERRAL("Whois Server:"),
+	WHOIS_REFERRAL("Registrar WHOIS Server:"), /* corporatedomains.com */
+	WHOIS_REFERRAL("ReferralServer:  whois://"), /* ARIN */
+	WHOIS_REFERRAL("ReferralServer:  rwhois://"), /* ARIN */
+	WHOIS_REFERRAL("descr:          region. Please query"), /* AfriNIC */
+	{ NULL, 0 }
+};
+
+/*
+ * We have a list of patterns for RIRs that assert ignorance rather than
+ * providing referrals. If that happens, we guess that ARIN will be more
+ * helpful. But, before following a referral to an RIR, we check if we have
+ * asked that RIR already, and if so we make another guess.
+ */
+static const char *actually_arin[] = {
+	"netname:        ERX-NETBLOCK\n", /* APNIC */
+	"netname:        NON-RIPE-NCC-MANAGED-ADDRESS-BLOCK\n",
+	NULL
+};
+
+static struct {
+	int loop;
+	const char *host;
+} try_rir[] = {
+	{ 0, ANICHOST },
+	{ 0, RNICHOST },
+	{ 0, PNICHOST },
+	{ 0, FNICHOST },
+	{ 0, LNICHOST },
+	{ 0, NULL }
+};
+
+static void
+reset_rir(void) {
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; try_rir[i].host != NULL; i++)
+		try_rir[i].loop = 0;
+}
+
+static const char *port = DEFAULT_PORT;
+
+static const char *choose_server(char *);
+static struct addrinfo *gethostinfo(const char *, const char *, int);
+static void s_asprintf(char **ret, const char *format, ...);
+static void usage(void);
+static void whois(const char *, const char *, const char *, int);
+
+int
+main(int argc, char *argv[])
+{
+	const char *country, *host;
+	int ch, flags;
+
+#ifdef	SOCKS
+	SOCKSinit(argv[0]);
+#endif
+
+	country = host = NULL;
+	flags = 0;
+	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "aAbc:fgh:iIklmp:PQrRS")) != -1) {
+		switch (ch) {
+		case 'a':
+			host = ANICHOST;
+			break;
+		case 'A':
+			host = PNICHOST;
+			break;
+		case 'b':
+			host = ABUSEHOST;
+			break;
+		case 'c':
+			country = optarg;
+			break;
+		case 'f':
+			host = FNICHOST;
+			break;
+		case 'g':
+			host = GNICHOST;
+			break;
+		case 'h':
+			host = optarg;
+			break;
+		case 'i':
+			host = INICHOST;
+			break;
+		case 'I':
+			host = IANAHOST;
+			break;
+		case 'k':
+			host = KNICHOST;
+			break;
+		case 'l':
+			host = LNICHOST;
+			break;
+		case 'm':
+			host = MNICHOST;
+			break;
+		case 'p':
+			port = optarg;
+			break;
+		case 'P':
+			host = PDBHOST;
+			break;
+		case 'Q':
+			flags |= WHOIS_QUICK;
+			break;
+		case 'r':
+			host = RNICHOST;
+			break;
+		case 'R':
+			flags |= WHOIS_RECURSE;
+			break;
+		case 'S':
+			flags |= WHOIS_SPAM_ME;
+			break;
+		case '?':
+		default:
+			usage();
+			/* NOTREACHED */
+		}
+	}
+	argc -= optind;
+	argv += optind;
+
+	if (!argc || (country != NULL && host != NULL))
+		usage();
+
+	/*
+	 * If no host or country is specified, rely on referrals from IANA.
+	 */
+	if (host == NULL && country == NULL) {
+		if ((host = getenv("WHOIS_SERVER")) == NULL &&
+		    (host = getenv("RA_SERVER")) == NULL) {
+			if (!(flags & WHOIS_QUICK))
+				flags |= WHOIS_RECURSE;
+		}
+	}
+	while (argc-- > 0) {
+		if (country != NULL) {
+			char *qnichost;
+			s_asprintf(&qnichost, "%s%s", country, QNICHOST_TAIL);
+			whois(*argv, qnichost, port, flags);
+			free(qnichost);
+		} else
+			whois(*argv, host != NULL ? host :
+			      choose_server(*argv), port, flags);
+		reset_rir();
+		argv++;
+	}
+	exit(0);
+}
+
+static const char *
+choose_server(char *domain)
+{
+	size_t len = strlen(domain);
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; whoiswhere[i].suffix != NULL; i++) {
+		size_t suffix_len = strlen(whoiswhere[i].suffix);
+		if (len > suffix_len &&
+		    strcasecmp(domain + len - suffix_len,
+			       whoiswhere[i].suffix) == 0)
+			return (whoiswhere[i].server);
+	}
+	errx(EX_SOFTWARE, "no default whois server");
+}
+
+static struct addrinfo *
+gethostinfo(const char *host, const char *hport, int exit_on_noname)
+{
+	struct addrinfo hints, *res;
+	int error;
+
+	memset(&hints, 0, sizeof(hints));
+	hints.ai_flags = AI_CANONNAME;
+	hints.ai_family = AF_UNSPEC;
+	hints.ai_socktype = SOCK_STREAM;
+	res = NULL;
+	error = getaddrinfo(host, hport, &hints, &res);
+	if (error && (exit_on_noname || error != EAI_NONAME))
+		err(EX_NOHOST, "%s: %s", host, gai_strerror(error));
+	return (res);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Wrapper for asprintf(3) that exits on error.
+ */
+static void
+s_asprintf(char **ret, const char *format, ...)
+{
+	va_list ap;
+
+	va_start(ap, format);
+	if (vasprintf(ret, format, ap) == -1) {
+		va_end(ap);
+		err(EX_OSERR, "vasprintf()");
+	}
+	va_end(ap);
+}
+
+static int
+connect_to_any_host(struct addrinfo *hostres)
+{
+	struct addrinfo *res;
+	nfds_t i, j;
+	size_t count;
+	struct pollfd *fds;
+	int timeout = 180, s = -1;
+
+	for (res = hostres, count = 0; res; res = res->ai_next)
+		count++;
+	fds = calloc(count, sizeof(*fds));
+	if (fds == NULL)
+		err(EX_OSERR, "calloc()");
+
+	/*
+	 * Traverse the result list elements and make non-block
+	 * connection attempts.
+	 */
+	count = i = 0;
+	for (res = hostres; res != NULL; res = res->ai_next) {
+		s = socket(res->ai_family, res->ai_socktype | SOCK_NONBLOCK,
+		    res->ai_protocol);
+		if (s < 0)
+			continue;
+		if (connect(s, res->ai_addr, res->ai_addrlen) < 0) {
+			if (errno == EINPROGRESS) {
+				/* Add the socket to poll list */
+				fds[i].fd = s;
+				fds[i].events = POLLERR | POLLHUP |
+						POLLIN | POLLOUT;
+				/*
+				 * From here until a socket connects, the
+				 * socket fd is owned by the fds[] poll array.
+				 */
+				s = -1;
+				count++;
+				i++;
+			} else {
+				close(s);
+				s = -1;
+
+				/*
+				 * Poll only if we have something to poll,
+				 * otherwise just go ahead and try next
+				 * address
+				 */
+				if (count == 0)
+					continue;
+			}
+		} else
+			goto done;
+
+		/*
+		 * If we are at the last address, poll until a connection is
+		 * established or we failed all connection attempts.
+		 */
+		if (res->ai_next == NULL)
+			timeout = INFTIM;
+
+		/*
+		 * Poll the watched descriptors for successful connections:
+		 * if we still have more untried resolved addresses, poll only
+		 * once; otherwise, poll until all descriptors have errors,
+		 * which will be considered as ETIMEDOUT later.
+		 */
+		do {
+			int n;
+
+			n = poll(fds, i, timeout);
+			if (n == 0) {
+				/*
+				 * No event reported in time.  Try with a
+				 * smaller timeout (but cap at 2-3ms)
+				 * after a new host have been added.
+				 */
+				if (timeout >= 3)
+					timeout >>= 1;
+
+				break;
+			} else if (n < 0) {
+				/*
+				 * errno here can only be EINTR which we would
+				 * want to clean up and bail out.
+				 */
+				s = -1;
+				goto done;
+			}
+
+			/*
+			 * Check for the event(s) we have seen.
+			 */
+			for (j = 0; j < i; j++) {
+				if (fds[j].fd == -1 || fds[j].events == 0 ||
+				    fds[j].revents == 0)
+					continue;
+				if (fds[j].revents & ~(POLLIN | POLLOUT)) {
+					close(fds[j].fd);
+					fds[j].fd = -1;
+					fds[j].events = 0;
+					count--;
+					continue;
+				} else if (fds[j].revents & (POLLIN | POLLOUT)) {
+					/* Connect succeeded. */
+					s = fds[j].fd;
+					fds[j].fd = -1;
+
+					goto done;
+				}
+
+			}
+		} while (timeout == INFTIM && count != 0);
+	}
+
+	/* All attempts were failed */
+	s = -1;
+	if (count == 0)
+		errno = ETIMEDOUT;
+
+done:
+	/* Close all watched fds except the succeeded one */
+	for (j = 0; j < i; j++)
+		if (fds[j].fd != -1)
+			close(fds[j].fd);
+	free(fds);
+	return (s);
+}
+
+static void
+whois(const char *query, const char *hostname, const char *hostport, int flags)
+{
+	FILE *fp;
+	struct addrinfo *hostres;
+	char *buf, *host, *nhost, *nport, *p;
+	int comment, s, f;
+	size_t len, i;
+
+	hostres = gethostinfo(hostname, hostport, 1);
+	s = connect_to_any_host(hostres);
+	if (s == -1)
+		err(EX_OSERR, "connect()");
+
+	/* Restore default blocking behavior.  */
+	if ((f = fcntl(s, F_GETFL)) == -1)
+		err(EX_OSERR, "fcntl()");
+	f &= ~O_NONBLOCK;
+	if (fcntl(s, F_SETFL, f) == -1)
+		err(EX_OSERR, "fcntl()");
+
+	fp = fdopen(s, "r+");
+	if (fp == NULL)
+		err(EX_OSERR, "fdopen()");
+
+	if (!(flags & WHOIS_SPAM_ME) &&
+	    (strcasecmp(hostname, DENICHOST) == 0 ||
+	     strcasecmp(hostname, "de" QNICHOST_TAIL) == 0)) {
+		const char *q;
+		int idn = 0;
+		for (q = query; *q != '\0'; q++)
+			if (!isascii(*q))
+				idn = 1;
+		fprintf(fp, "-T dn%s %s\r\n", idn ? "" : ",ace", query);
+	} else if (!(flags & WHOIS_SPAM_ME) &&
+		   (strcasecmp(hostname, DKNICHOST) == 0 ||
+		    strcasecmp(hostname, "dk" QNICHOST_TAIL) == 0))
+		fprintf(fp, "--show-handles %s\r\n", query);
+	else if ((flags & WHOIS_SPAM_ME) ||
+		 strchr(query, ' ') != NULL)
+		fprintf(fp, "%s\r\n", query);
+	else if (strcasecmp(hostname, ANICHOST) == 0) {
+		if (strncasecmp(query, "AS", 2) == 0 &&
+		    strspn(query+2, "0123456789") == strlen(query+2))
+			fprintf(fp, "+ a %s\r\n", query+2);
+		else
+			fprintf(fp, "+ %s\r\n", query);
+	} else if (strcasecmp(hostres->ai_canonname, VNICHOST) == 0)
+		fprintf(fp, "domain %s\r\n", query);
+	else
+		fprintf(fp, "%s\r\n", query);
+	fflush(fp);
+
+	comment = 0;
+	if (!(flags & WHOIS_SPAM_ME) &&
+	    (strcasecmp(hostname, ANICHOST) == 0 ||
+	     strcasecmp(hostname, RNICHOST) == 0)) {
+		comment = 2;
+	}
+
+	nhost = NULL;
+	while ((buf = fgetln(fp, &len)) != NULL) {
+		/* Nominet */
+		if (!(flags & WHOIS_SPAM_ME) &&
+		    len == 5 && strncmp(buf, "-- \r\n", 5) == 0)
+			break;
+		/* RIRs */
+		if (comment == 1 && buf[0] == '#')
+			break;
+		else if (comment == 2) {
+			if (strchr("#%\r\n", buf[0]) != NULL)
+				continue;
+			else
+				comment = 1;
+		}
+
+		printf("%.*s", (int)len, buf);
+
+		if ((flags & WHOIS_RECURSE) && nhost == NULL) {
+			for (i = 0; whois_referral[i].prefix != NULL; i++) {
+				p = buf;
+				SCAN(p, buf+len, *p == ' ');
+				if (strncasecmp(p, whois_referral[i].prefix,
+					           whois_referral[i].len) != 0)
+					continue;
+				p += whois_referral[i].len;
+				SCAN(p, buf+len, *p == ' ');
+				host = p;
+				SCAN(p, buf+len, ishost(*p));
+				if (p > host) {
+					char *pstr;
+
+					s_asprintf(&nhost, "%.*s",
+						   (int)(p - host), host);
+
+					if (*p != ':') {
+						s_asprintf(&nport, "%s", port);
+						break;
+					}
+
+					pstr = ++p;
+					SCAN(p, buf+len, isdigit(*p));
+					if (p > pstr && (p - pstr) < 6) {
+						s_asprintf(&nport, "%.*s",
+						    (int)(p - pstr), pstr);
+						break;
+					}
+
+					/* Invalid port; don't recurse */
+					free(nhost);
+					nhost = NULL;
+				}
+				break;
+			}
+			for (i = 0; actually_arin[i] != NULL; i++) {
+				if (strncmp(buf, actually_arin[i], len) == 0) {
+					s_asprintf(&nhost, "%s", ANICHOST);
+					s_asprintf(&nport, "%s", port);
+					break;
+				}
+			}
+		}
+		/* Verisign etc. */
+		if (!(flags & WHOIS_SPAM_ME) &&
+		    len >= sizeof(CHOPSPAM)-1 &&
+		    (strncasecmp(buf, CHOPSPAM, sizeof(CHOPSPAM)-1) == 0 ||
+		     strncasecmp(buf, CHOPSPAM+4, sizeof(CHOPSPAM)-5) == 0)) {
+			printf("\n");
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+	fclose(fp);
+	freeaddrinfo(hostres);
+
+	f = 0;
+	for (i = 0; try_rir[i].host != NULL; i++) {
+		/* Remember visits to RIRs */
+		if (try_rir[i].loop == 0 &&
+		    strcasecmp(try_rir[i].host, hostname) == 0)
+			try_rir[i].loop = 1;
+		/* Do we need to find an alternative RIR? */
+		if (try_rir[i].loop != 0 && nhost != NULL &&
+		    strcasecmp(try_rir[i].host, nhost) == 0) {
+			free(nhost);
+			nhost = NULL;
+			free(nport);
+			nport = NULL;
+			f = 1;
+		}
+	}
+	if (f) {
+		/* Find a replacement RIR */
+		for (i = 0; try_rir[i].host != NULL; i++) {
+			if (try_rir[i].loop == 0) {
+				s_asprintf(&nhost, "%s", try_rir[i].host);
+				s_asprintf(&nport, "%s", port);
+				break;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	if (nhost != NULL) {
+		/* Ignore self-referrals */
+		if (strcasecmp(hostname, nhost) != 0) {
+			printf("# %s\n\n", nhost);
+			whois(query, nhost, nport, flags);
+		}
+		free(nhost);
+		free(nport);
+	}
+}
+
+static void
+usage(void)
+{
+	fprintf(stderr,
+	    "usage: whois [-aAbfgiIklmPQrRS] [-c country-code | -h hostname] "
+	    "[-p port] name ...\n");
+	exit(EX_USAGE);
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+#ifndef COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_AR_H_
+#define COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_AR_H_
+#if !(__ASSEMBLER__ + __LINKER__ + 0)
+COSMOPOLITAN_C_START_
+
+#define ARMAG  "!<arch>\n"
+#define SARMAG 8
+#define ARFMAG "`\n"
+
+struct ar_hdr {
+  char ar_name[16];
+  char ar_date[12];
+  char ar_uid[6], ar_gid[6];
+  char ar_mode[8];
+  char ar_size[10];
+  char ar_fmag[2];
+};
+
+COSMOPOLITAN_C_END_
+#endif /* !(__ASSEMBLER__ + __LINKER__ + 0) */
+#endif /* COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_AR_H_ */
@@ -4,19 +4,73 @@
 COSMOPOLITAN_C_START_

 extern bool __assert_disable;
-void __assert_fail(const char *, const char *, int) hidden relegated;
+void __assert_fail(const char *, const char *, int) _Hide relegated;

 #ifdef NDEBUG
-#define assert(EXPR) ((void)0)
+#define assert(x) ((void)0)
 #else
-#define assert(EXPR) \
-  ((void)((EXPR) || (__assert_fail(#EXPR, __FILE__, __LINE__), 0)))
+#define assert(x) ((void)((x) || (__assert_fail(#x, __FILE__, __LINE__), 0)))
 #endif

 #ifndef __cplusplus
 #define static_assert _Static_assert
 #endif

+#ifdef __GNUC__
+#if !defined(TINY) && !defined(MODE_DBG)
+/**
+ * Specifies expression can't possibly be false.
+ *
+ * This macro uses the `notpossible` keyword and is intended for things
+ * like systems integration, where we know for a fact that something is
+ * never going to happen, but there's no proof. So we don't want to add
+ * extra bloat for filenames and line numbers, since `ShowCrashReports`
+ * can print a backtrace if we just embed the UD2 instruction to crash.
+ * That's useful for systems code, for the following reason. Invariants
+ * make sense with _unassert() since they usually get placed at the top
+ * of functions. But if you used _unassert() to test a system call does
+ * not fail, then check happens at the end of your function usually and
+ * is therefore likely to result in a failure condition where execution
+ * falls through into a different function, which is shocking to debug.
+ *
+ * In `MODE=tiny` these assertions are redefined as undefined behavior.
+ */
+#define _npassert(x)                 \
+  ({                                 \
+    if (__builtin_expect(!(x), 0)) { \
+      notpossible;                   \
+    }                                \
+    (void)0;                         \
+  })
+#else
+#define _npassert(x) _unassert(x)
+#endif
+#endif
+
+#ifdef __GNUC__
+/**
+ * Specifies expression being false is undefined behavior.
+ *
+ * This is a good way to tell the compiler about your invariants, which
+ * leads to smaller faster programs. The expression is never removed by
+ * the preprocessor so it's recommended that it be free of side-effects
+ * if you intend for it to be removed. At the same time, this guarantee
+ * makes this assertion useful for things like system calls, since they
+ * won't be removed by `NDEBUG` mode.
+ *
+ * If this assertion fails, the worst possible things can happen unless
+ * you've built your binary in `MODE=dbg` since UBSAN is the only thing
+ * that's capable of debugging this macro.
+ */
+#define _unassert(x)                 \
+  ({                                 \
+    if (__builtin_expect(!(x), 0)) { \
+      unreachable;                   \
+    }                                \
+    (void)0;                         \
+  })
+#endif
+
 COSMOPOLITAN_C_END_
 #endif /* !(__ASSEMBLER__ + __LINKER__ + 0) */
 #endif /* COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_ASSERT_H_ */
@@ -1,21 +1,8 @@
 #ifndef COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_ATOMIC_H_
 #define COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_ATOMIC_H_
-#if !(__ASSEMBLER__ + __LINKER__ + 0)
-COSMOPOLITAN_C_START_
-
-/**
- * @fileoverview C11 Atomic Types
- *
- * We supoprt C++ and old C compilers. It's recommended you use macros
- * like `_Atomic(int)` rather than `_Atomic int` or `atomic_int` since
- * we only define a portability macro for the syntax `_Atomic(T)`.
- *
- * @see libc/integral/c.inc
- * @see libc/intrin/atomic.h
- */

 #define atomic_bool           _Atomic(_Bool)
-#define atomic_bool32         atomic_int32
+#define atomic_bool32         _Atomic(__INT32_TYPE__)
 #define atomic_char           _Atomic(char)
 #define atomic_schar          _Atomic(signed char)
 #define atomic_uchar          _Atomic(unsigned char)
@@ -27,29 +14,29 @@ COSMOPOLITAN_C_START_
 #define atomic_ulong          _Atomic(unsigned long)
 #define atomic_llong          _Atomic(long long)
 #define atomic_ullong         _Atomic(unsigned long long)
-#define atomic_char16_t       _Atomic(char16_t)
-#define atomic_char32_t       _Atomic(char32_t)
-#define atomic_wchar_t        _Atomic(wchar_t)
-#define atomic_intptr_t       _Atomic(intptr_t)
-#define atomic_uintptr_t      _Atomic(uintptr_t)
-#define atomic_size_t         _Atomic(size_t)
-#define atomic_ptrdiff_t      _Atomic(ptrdiff_t)
-#define atomic_int_fast8_t    _Atomic(int_fast8_t)
-#define atomic_uint_fast8_t   _Atomic(uint_fast8_t)
-#define atomic_int_fast16_t   _Atomic(int_fast16_t)
-#define atomic_uint_fast16_t  _Atomic(uint_fast16_t)
-#define atomic_int_fast32_t   _Atomic(int_fast32_t)
-#define atomic_uint_fast32_t  _Atomic(uint_fast32_t)
-#define atomic_int_fast64_t   _Atomic(int_fast64_t)
-#define atomic_uint_fast64_t  _Atomic(uint_fast64_t)
-#define atomic_int_least8_t   _Atomic(int_least8_t)
-#define atomic_uint_least8_t  _Atomic(uint_least8_t)
-#define atomic_int_least16_t  _Atomic(int_least16_t)
-#define atomic_uint_least16_t _Atomic(uint_least16_t)
-#define atomic_int_least32_t  _Atomic(int_least32_t)
-#define atomic_uint_least32_t _Atomic(uint_least32_t)
-#define atomic_int_least64_t  _Atomic(int_least64_t)
-#define atomic_uint_least64_t _Atomic(uint_least64_t)
+#define atomic_char16_t       _Atomic(__CHAR16_TYPE__)
+#define atomic_char32_t       _Atomic(__CHAR32_TYPE__)
+#define atomic_wchar_t        _Atomic(__WCHAR_TYPE__)
+#define atomic_intptr_t       _Atomic(__INTPTR_TYPE__)
+#define atomic_uintptr_t      _Atomic(__UINTPTR_TYPE__)
+#define atomic_size_t         _Atomic(__SIZE_TYPE__)
+#define atomic_ptrdiff_t      _Atomic(__PTRDIFF_TYPE__)
+#define atomic_int_fast8_t    _Atomic(__INT_FAST8_TYPE__)
+#define atomic_uint_fast8_t   _Atomic(__UINT_FAST8_TYPE__)
+#define atomic_int_fast16_t   _Atomic(__INT_FAST16_TYPE__)
+#define atomic_uint_fast16_t  _Atomic(__UINT_FAST16_TYPE__)
+#define atomic_int_fast32_t   _Atomic(__INT_FAST32_TYPE__)
+#define atomic_uint_fast32_t  _Atomic(__UINT_FAST32_TYPE__)
+#define atomic_int_fast64_t   _Atomic(__INT_FAST64_TYPE__)
+#define atomic_uint_fast64_t  _Atomic(__UINT_FAST64_TYPE__)
+#define atomic_int_least8_t   _Atomic(__INT_LEAST8_TYPE__)
+#define atomic_uint_least8_t  _Atomic(__UINT_LEAST8_TYPE__)
+#define atomic_int_least16_t  _Atomic(__INT_LEAST16_TYPE__)
+#define atomic_uint_least16_t _Atomic(__UINT_LEAST16_TYPE__)
+#define atomic_int_least32_t  _Atomic(__INT_LEAST32_TYPE__)
+#define atomic_uint_least32_t _Atomic(__UINT_LEAST32_TYPE__)
+#define atomic_int_least64_t  _Atomic(__INT_LEAST64_TYPE__)
+#define atomic_uint_least64_t _Atomic(__UINT_LEAST64_TYPE__)

 #ifdef __CLANG_ATOMIC_BOOL_LOCK_FREE
 #define ATOMIC_BOOL_LOCK_FREE     __CLANG_ATOMIC_BOOL_LOCK_FREE
@@ -75,6 +62,4 @@ COSMOPOLITAN_C_START_
 #define ATOMIC_POINTER_LOCK_FREE  __GCC_ATOMIC_POINTER_LOCK_FREE
 #endif

-COSMOPOLITAN_C_END_
-#endif /* !(__ASSEMBLER__ + __LINKER__ + 0) */
 #endif /* COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_ATOMIC_H_ */
@@ -16,13 +16,12 @@
 │ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
 │ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
-#include "libc/calls/internal.h"
+#include "libc/calls/struct/cpuset.h"
 #include "libc/macros.internal.h"
-#include "libc/str/str.h"

-void __releasefd_unlocked(int fd) {
-  if (0 <= fd && fd < g_fds.n) {
-    bzero(g_fds.p + fd, sizeof(*g_fds.p));
-    g_fds.f = MIN(fd, g_fds.f);
+void CPU_AND(cpu_set_t *d, cpu_set_t *x, cpu_set_t *y) {
+  int i;
+  for (i = 0; i < ARRAYLEN(d->__bits); ++i) {
+    d->__bits[i] = x->__bits[i] & y->__bits[i];
  }
 }
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+/*-*- mode:c;indent-tabs-mode:nil;c-basic-offset:2;tab-width:8;coding:utf-8 -*-│
+│vi: set net ft=c ts=2 sts=2 sw=2 fenc=utf-8                                :vi│
+╞══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╡
+│ Copyright 2022 Justine Alexandra Roberts Tunney                              │
+│                                                                              │
+│ Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for         │
+│ any purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the         │
+│ above copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.      │
+│                                                                              │
+│ THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL                │
+│ WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED                │
+│ WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE             │
+│ AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL         │
+│ DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR        │
+│ PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER               │
+│ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
+│ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
+╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#include "libc/calls/struct/cpuset.h"
+#include "libc/intrin/popcnt.h"
+#include "libc/macros.internal.h"
+
+int CPU_COUNT(cpu_set_t *set) {
+  int i, c;
+  for (c = i = 0; i < ARRAYLEN(set->__bits); ++i) {
+    c += popcnt(set->__bits[i]);
+  }
+  return c;
+}