Add multicast test that works on Linux

This test unfortunately doesn't work yet on non-Linux platforms, which wasn't what I expected since the ip_mreq ABI is the same across all of our supported platforms. There's also an automation issue due to using INADDR_ANY since it causes popups on Windows.
Make some simple fixes
2026-11-07 17:22:16 -10:00 · 2023-02-03 13:58:13 -08:00 · 2023-02-03 02:09:15 -08:00 · 2023-02-02 20:05:37 -08:00 · 2023-02-02 02:28:58 -08:00 · 2023-02-02 02:28:58 -08:00
2049 changed files with 121528 additions and 36411 deletions
@@ -21,8 +21,11 @@ jobs:
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v3

-      - name: support ape bins
-        run: sudo sh -c "echo ':APE:M::MZqFpD::/bin/sh:' >/proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc/register"
+      - name: support ape bins 1
+        run: sudo cp build/bootstrap/ape.elf /usr/bin/ape
+
+      - name: support ape bins 2
+        run: sudo sh -c "echo ':APE:M::MZqFpD::/usr/bin/ape:' >/proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc/register"

      - name: make matrix
        run: V=0 make -j2 MODE=${{ matrix.mode }}
@@ -60,8 +60,8 @@
 #   build/config.mk

 SHELL      = build/bootstrap/cocmd.com
-HOSTS     ?= freebsd openbsd netbsd rhel7 rhel5 win10 xnu
-MAKEFLAGS += -j --no-builtin-rules
+HOSTS     ?= freebsd openbsd netbsd rhel7 rhel5 xnu win10
+MAKEFLAGS += --no-builtin-rules

 .SUFFIXES:
 .DELETE_ON_ERROR:
@@ -92,6 +92,7 @@ o/$(MODE):			\
 .UNVEIL =			\
 	libc/integral		\
 	libc/disclaimer.inc	\
+	rwc:/dev/shm		\
 	rx:build/bootstrap	\
 	rx:o/third_party/gcc	\
 	/proc/stat		\
@@ -121,11 +122,13 @@ include third_party/compiler_rt/compiler_rt.mk	# │
 include libc/str/str.mk				# │
 include third_party/xed/xed.mk			# │
 include third_party/zlib/zlib.mk		# │
+include third_party/double-conversion/dc.mk	# │
 include libc/elf/elf.mk				# │
 include ape/ape.mk				# │
 include libc/fmt/fmt.mk				# │
 include libc/vga/vga.mk				#─┘
 include libc/calls/calls.mk			#─┐
+include third_party/getopt/getopt.mk		# │
 include libc/runtime/runtime.mk			# ├──SYSTEMS RUNTIME
 include libc/crt/crt.mk				# │  You can issue system calls
 include third_party/nsync/nsync.mk		# │
@@ -149,7 +152,6 @@ include dsp/mpeg/mpeg.mk			# │
 include dsp/dsp.mk				# │
 include third_party/zlib/gz/gz.mk		# │
 include third_party/musl/musl.mk		# │
-include third_party/getopt/getopt.mk		# │
 include libc/libc.mk				#─┘
 include libc/sock/sock.mk			#─┐
 include dsp/tty/tty.mk				# ├──ONLINE RUNTIME
@@ -160,6 +162,7 @@ include net/https/https.mk			# │
 include third_party/regex/regex.mk		#─┘
 include third_party/tidy/tidy.mk
 include third_party/third_party.mk
+include third_party/nsync/testing/testing.mk
 include libc/testlib/testlib.mk
 include tool/viz/lib/vizlib.mk
 include tool/args/args.mk
@@ -167,11 +170,14 @@ include test/tool/args/test.mk
 include third_party/linenoise/linenoise.mk
 include third_party/maxmind/maxmind.mk
 include net/finger/finger.mk
-include third_party/double-conversion/double-conversion.mk
+include third_party/double-conversion/test/test.mk
 include third_party/lua/lua.mk
+include third_party/tr/tr.mk
 include third_party/sed/sed.mk
 include third_party/awk/awk.mk
+include third_party/hiredis/hiredis.mk
 include third_party/make/make.mk
+include third_party/ctags/ctags.mk
 include third_party/finger/finger.mk
 include third_party/argon2/argon2.mk
 include third_party/smallz4/smallz4.mk
@@ -188,6 +194,7 @@ include third_party/python/python.mk
 include tool/build/emucrt/emucrt.mk
 include tool/build/emubin/emubin.mk
 include tool/build/build.mk
+include tool/curl/curl.mk
 include examples/examples.mk
 include examples/pyapp/pyapp.mk
 include examples/pylife/pylife.mk
@@ -202,6 +209,7 @@ include tool/hash/hash.mk
 include tool/net/net.mk
 include tool/viz/viz.mk
 include tool/tool.mk
+include net/turfwar/turfwar.mk
 include test/libc/tinymath/test.mk
 include test/libc/intrin/test.mk
 include test/libc/mem/test.mk
@@ -273,14 +281,14 @@ o/$(MODE)/hdrs-old.txt: o/$(MODE)/.x $(MAKEFILES) $(call uniq,$(foreach x,$(HDRS
 	$(file >$@) $(foreach x,$(HDRS) $(INCS),$(file >>$@,$(x)))

 TAGS: private .UNSANDBOXED = 1
-TAGS:	o/$(MODE)/srcs-old.txt $(SRCS)
+TAGS:	o/$(MODE)/srcs-old.txt $(SRCS) o/$(MODE)/third_party/ctags/ctags.com
 	@$(RM) $@
-	@$(TAGS) $(TAGSFLAGS) -L $< -o $@
+	@o/$(MODE)/third_party/ctags/ctags.com $(TAGSFLAGS) -L $< -o $@

 HTAGS: private .UNSANDBOXED = 1
-HTAGS:	o/$(MODE)/hdrs-old.txt $(HDRS)
+HTAGS:	o/$(MODE)/hdrs-old.txt $(HDRS) o/$(MODE)/third_party/ctags/ctags.com
 	@$(RM) $@
-	@build/htags -L $< -o $@
+	@build/htags o/$(MODE)/third_party/ctags/ctags.com -L $< -o $@

 loc: private .UNSANDBOXED = 1
 loc: o/$(MODE)/tool/build/summy.com
@@ -307,7 +315,7 @@ COSMOPOLITAN_OBJECTS =			\
 	THIRD_PARTY_GDTOA		\
 	THIRD_PARTY_REGEX		\
 	LIBC_THREAD			\
-	THIRD_PARTY_NSYNC_MALLOC	\
+	THIRD_PARTY_NSYNC_MEM		\
 	LIBC_MEM			\
 	THIRD_PARTY_DLMALLOC		\
 	LIBC_RUNTIME			\
@@ -366,11 +374,9 @@ COSMOPOLITAN_HEADERS =			\
 	THIRD_PARTY_GDTOA		\
 	THIRD_PARTY_GETOPT		\
 	THIRD_PARTY_MUSL		\
-	THIRD_PARTY_ZLIB		\
-	THIRD_PARTY_ZLIB_GZ		\
 	THIRD_PARTY_REGEX

-o/$(MODE)/cosmopolitan.a:	\
+o/$(MODE)/cosmopolitan.a:		\
 		$(foreach x,$(COSMOPOLITAN_OBJECTS),$($(x)_A_OBJS))

 o/cosmopolitan.h:							\
@@ -400,6 +406,15 @@ $(SRCS):					\
 	libc/integral/lp64arg.inc		\
 	libc/integral/lp64.inc

+.PHONY: toolchain
+toolchain:	o/cosmopolitan.h				\
+		o/$(MODE)/ape/public/ape.lds			\
+		o/$(MODE)/libc/crt/crt.o			\
+		o/$(MODE)/ape/ape.o				\
+		o/$(MODE)/ape/ape-copy-self.o			\
+		o/$(MODE)/ape/ape-no-modify-self.o		\
+		o/$(MODE)/cosmopolitan.a
+
 # UNSPECIFIED PREREQUISITES TUTORIAL
 #
 # A build rule must exist for all files that make needs to consider in
@@ -424,9 +439,9 @@ $(SRCS):
 $(HDRS):
 $(INCS):
 .DEFAULT:
-	@$(ECHO) >&2
-	@$(ECHO) NOTE: deleting o/$(MODE)/depend because of an unspecified prerequisite: $@ >&2
-	@$(ECHO) >&2
+	@$(ECHO)
+	@$(ECHO) NOTE: deleting o/$(MODE)/depend because of an unspecified prerequisite: $@
+	@$(ECHO)
 	$(RM) o/$(MODE)/depend

 -include o/$(MODE)/depend
@@ -23,8 +23,8 @@ If you're doing your development work on Linux or BSD then you need just
 five files to get started. Here's what you do on Linux:

 ```sh
-wget https://justine.lol/cosmopolitan/cosmopolitan-amalgamation-2.1.zip
-unzip cosmopolitan-amalgamation-2.1.zip
+wget https://justine.lol/cosmopolitan/cosmopolitan-amalgamation-2.2.zip
+unzip cosmopolitan-amalgamation-2.2.zip
 printf 'main() { printf("hello world\\n"); }\n' >hello.c
 gcc -g -Os -static -nostdlib -nostdinc -fno-pie -no-pie -mno-red-zone \
  -fno-omit-frame-pointer -pg -mnop-mcount -mno-tls-direct-seg-refs -gdwarf-4 \
@@ -57,9 +57,13 @@ sudo sh -c 'echo -1 >/proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc/status'

 Since we used the `ape-no-modify-self.o` bootloader (rather than
 `ape.o`) your executable will not modify itself when it's run. What
-it'll instead do, is extract a 4kb program to `${TMPDIR:-${HOME:-.}}`
-that maps your program into memory without needing to copy it. It's
-possible to install the APE loader systemwide as follows.
+it'll instead do, is extract a 4kb program (the [APE loader](https://justine.lol/apeloader/))
+to `${TMPDIR:-${HOME:-.}}` that maps your program into memory without
+needing to copy it. The APE loader must be in an executable location
+(e.g. not stored on a `noexec` mount) for it to run. See below for
+alternatives:
+
+It's possible to install the APE loader systemwide as follows.

 ```sh
 # System-Wide APE Install
@@ -246,20 +250,26 @@ gdb foo.com -ex 'add-symbol-file foo.com.dbg 0x401000'
 | AMD             | K8 Venus    | 2005  |
 | Intel           | Core        | 2006  |
 | Linux           | 2.6.18      | 2007  |
-| Windows         | 8           | 2012  |
+| Windows         | 8 [1]       | 2012  |
 | Mac OS X        | 15.6        | 2018  |
 | OpenBSD         | 6.4         | 2018  |
 | FreeBSD         | 13          | 2020  |
 | NetBSD          | 9.2         | 2021  |

+[1] See our [vista branch](https://github.com/jart/cosmopolitan/tree/vista)
+    for a community supported version of Cosmopolitan that works on Windows
+    Vista and Windows 7.
+
 ## Special Thanks

 Funding for this project is crowdsourced using
 [GitHub Sponsors](https://github.com/sponsors/jart) and
 [Patreon](https://www.patreon.com/jart). Your support is what makes this
 project possible. Thank you! We'd also like to give special thanks to
-the following individuals:
+the following groups and individuals:

 - [Joe Drumgoole](https://github.com/jdrumgoole)
+- [Rob Figueiredo](https://github.com/robfig)
+- [Wasmer](https://wasmer.io/)

 For publicly sponsoring our work at the highest tier.
@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@
 #include "ape/macros.internal.h"
 #include "ape/notice.inc"
 #include "ape/relocations.h"
+#include "libc/calls/metalfile.internal.h"
 #include "libc/dce.h"
 #include "libc/elf/def.h"
 #include "libc/macho.internal.h"
@@ -112,7 +113,33 @@ cstr:	.endobj	cstr,globl,hidden		# ←for gdb readability
 //
 //	@param	dl is drive number
 //	@noreturn
-ape_mz:	.asciz	"MZqFpD='\n"		# Mark 'Zibo' Joseph Zbikowski
+ape_mz:
+#if SupportsWindows() || SupportsMetal()
+	.asciz	"MZqFpD='\n"		# Mark 'Zibo' Joseph Zbikowski
+//	# in real mode
+//	dec	%bp
+//	pop	%dx
+//	jno	0x4a
+//	jo	0x4a
+//
+//	# in legacy mode
+//	push	%ebp
+//	pop	%edx
+//	jno	0x4a
+//	jo	0x4a
+//
+//	# 64-bit mode
+//	rex.WRB
+//	pop	%r10
+//	jno	0x4a
+//	jo	0x4a
+#else
+//	Avoid virus scanner reputation damage when targeting System Five.
+	.asciz	"jartsr='\n"		# Justine Alexandra Roberts Tunney
+//	push	$0x61
+//	jb	0x78
+//	jae	0x78
+#endif
 	.short	0x1000			# MZ: lowers upper bound load / 16
 	.short	0xf800			# MZ: roll greed on bss
 	.short	0			# MZ: lower bound on stack segment
@@ -125,11 +152,15 @@ ape_mz:	.asciz	"MZqFpD='\n"		# Mark 'Zibo' Joseph Zbikowski
 	.org	0x24			# MZ: bytes reserved for you
 	.ascii	"JT"			# MZ: OEM identifier
 	.short	0			# MZ: OEM information
+	.ascii	"' <<'@'\n"
 	.org	0x40-4			# MZ: bytes reserved for you
 #if SupportsWindows() || SupportsMetal()
 	.long	RVA(ape_pe)		# PE: the new technology
 #else
 	.long	0
+	.org	0x78
+	pop	%rax
+	jmp	_start
 #endif
 	.endfn	ape_mz,globl,hidden

@@ -250,8 +281,10 @@ pc:	cld
 	xor	%cx,%cx				# current cylinder
 	xor	%dh,%dh				# current head
 	mov	$v_ape_realsectors,%di		# total sectors
-	sub	$v_ape_realslacksectors,%di
 3:	call	pcread
+	mov	%es,%si				# addr += 512
+	add	$512>>4,%si
+	mov	%si,%es
 	dec	%di
 	jnz	3b
 6:	ljmp	$0,$REAL(realmodeloader)
@@ -340,6 +373,7 @@ dsknfo:	push	%bx
 	pop	%ds
 	xchg	%bx,%ax
 	stosw	#→ pc_drive_type, pc_drive_last_sector
+	scasb
 	xchg	%cx,%ax
 	stosw	#→ pc_drive_last_cylinder
 	xchg	%dx,%ax
@@ -378,9 +412,6 @@ pcread:	push	%ax
 	pop	%cx
 	pop	%ax
 	jc	9f
-	mov	%es,%si			# addr += 512
-	add	$512>>4,%si
-	mov	%si,%es
 	inc	%al			# ++sector
 	cmp	mm+"struct mman::pc_drive_last_sector",%al
 	jbe	2f
@@ -549,7 +580,10 @@ ape_disk:
 	the bourne executable & linkable format */

 #if SupportsWindows() || SupportsMetal() || SupportsXnu()
-apesh:	.ascii	"'\n#'\"\n"			# sixth edition shebang
+apesh:	.ascii	"\n@\n#'\"\n"			# sixth edition shebang
+	.ascii	"m=\"$(uname -m)\"\n"
+
+	.ascii	"if [ \"$m\" = x86_64 ] || [ \"$m\" = amd64 ]; then\n"
 //	Until all operating systems can be updated to support APE,
 //	we have a beautiful, yet imperfect workaround, which is to
 //	modify the binary to follow the local system's convention.
@@ -651,17 +685,332 @@ apesh:	.ascii	"'\n#'\"\n"			# sixth edition shebang
 	.ascii	"o=\"$t\"\n"
 	.ascii	"exec \"$o\" \"$@\"\n"
 #endif /* APE_NO_MODIFY_SELF */
-	.ascii	"R=$?\n"
-	.ascii	"if [ \"$(uname -m)\" != x86_64 ]; then\n"
-	.ascii	  "Q=\"$(command -v qemu-x86_64)\" &&\n"
-	.ascii	    "exec \"$Q\" \"$o\" \"$@\"\n"
-#ifndef APE_NO_MODIFY_SELF
-	.ascii	"else\n"			# means argv[0] was wrong
-	.ascii	"  exec \"$o\" \"$@\"\n"	# so do a path resolution
-#endif /* APE_NO_MODIFY_SELF */
+	.ascii	"exit $?\n"
 	.ascii	"fi\n"
-	.ascii	"exit $R\n"
+
+	.ascii	"PHDRS='' <<'@'\n"
 	.endobj	apesh
+//	elf program headers get inserted here
+//	because they need to be in the first 4096 bytes
+        .section .emush,"a",@progbits
+emush:	.ascii	"\n@\n#'\"\n"
+	.ascii	"s=\"$(uname -s)\"\n"
+
+//	our script is running on a non-x86_64 architecture
+//	1. `dd` out the appropriate blink vm blob
+//	2. gunzip the blink virtual machine executable
+//	3. relaunch this program inside the blink vm
+	.ascii	"o=\"$(command -v \"$0\")\"\n"
+	.ascii	"e=\"${TMPDIR:-${HOME:-.}}/.ape-blink-1.1\"\n"
+
+//	Blink for Apple Silicon, e.g. M1 Macbook
+	.ascii	"if [ \"$s\" = Darwin ] && [ \"$m\" = arm64 ]; then\n"
+	.ascii	"if ! [ -x \"$e\" ]; then\n"
+	.ascii	"echo \"extracting blink-darwin-arm64 to ${e}\" >&2\n"
+	.ascii	"dd if=\"$o\" bs=1 skip=$(("
+	.byte	blink_darwin_arm64_b9
+	.byte	blink_darwin_arm64_b8
+	.byte	blink_darwin_arm64_b7
+	.byte	blink_darwin_arm64_b6
+	.byte	blink_darwin_arm64_b5
+	.byte	blink_darwin_arm64_b4
+	.byte	blink_darwin_arm64_b3
+	.byte	blink_darwin_arm64_b2
+	.byte	blink_darwin_arm64_b1
+	.byte	blink_darwin_arm64_b0
+	.ascii	")) count=$(("
+	.byte	blink_darwin_arm64_size_b9
+	.byte	blink_darwin_arm64_size_b8
+	.byte	blink_darwin_arm64_size_b7
+	.byte	blink_darwin_arm64_size_b6
+	.byte	blink_darwin_arm64_size_b5
+	.byte	blink_darwin_arm64_size_b4
+	.byte	blink_darwin_arm64_size_b3
+	.byte	blink_darwin_arm64_size_b2
+	.byte	blink_darwin_arm64_size_b1
+	.byte	blink_darwin_arm64_size_b0
+	.ascii	")) conv=notrunc 2>/dev/null | gunzip >\"$e.$$\"\n"
+	.ascii	"mv -f \"$e.$$\" \"$e\"\n"
+	.ascii	"chmod +x \"$e\"\n"
+	.ascii	"fi\n"
+	.ascii	"exec \"$e\" \"$o\" \"$@\"\n"
+	.ascii	"fi\n"
+
+//	Blink for Aarch64 Linux, e.g. Raspberry Pi
+	.ascii	"if [ \"$s\" = Linux ]; then\n"
+	.ascii	"if [ \"$m\" = aarch64 ] || [ \"$m\" = arm64 ]; then\n"
+	.ascii	"if ! [ -x \"$e\" ]; then\n"
+	.ascii	"echo \"extracting blink-aarch64 to ${e}\" >&2\n"
+	.ascii	"dd if=\"$o\" bs=1 skip=$(("
+	.byte	blink_aarch64_b9
+	.byte	blink_aarch64_b8
+	.byte	blink_aarch64_b7
+	.byte	blink_aarch64_b6
+	.byte	blink_aarch64_b5
+	.byte	blink_aarch64_b4
+	.byte	blink_aarch64_b3
+	.byte	blink_aarch64_b2
+	.byte	blink_aarch64_b1
+	.byte	blink_aarch64_b0
+	.ascii	")) count=$(("
+	.byte	blink_aarch64_size_b9
+	.byte	blink_aarch64_size_b8
+	.byte	blink_aarch64_size_b7
+	.byte	blink_aarch64_size_b6
+	.byte	blink_aarch64_size_b5
+	.byte	blink_aarch64_size_b4
+	.byte	blink_aarch64_size_b3
+	.byte	blink_aarch64_size_b2
+	.byte	blink_aarch64_size_b1
+	.byte	blink_aarch64_size_b0
+	.ascii	")) conv=notrunc 2>/dev/null | gunzip >\"$e.$$\"\n"
+	.ascii	"mv -f \"$e.$$\" \"$e\"\n"
+	.ascii	"chmod +x \"$e\"\n"
+	.ascii	"fi\n"
+	.ascii	"exec \"$e\" \"$o\" \"$@\"\n"
+	.ascii	"fi\n"
+	.ascii	"fi\n"
+
+//	Blink for Linux Generic ARM
+	.ascii	"if [ \"$s\" = Linux ] && [ \"${m#arm}\" != \"$m\" ]; then\n"
+	.ascii	"if ! [ -x \"$e\" ]; then\n"
+	.ascii	"echo \"extracting blink-arm to ${e}\" >&2\n"
+	.ascii	"dd if=\"$o\" bs=1 skip=$(("
+	.byte	blink_arm_b9
+	.byte	blink_arm_b8
+	.byte	blink_arm_b7
+	.byte	blink_arm_b6
+	.byte	blink_arm_b5
+	.byte	blink_arm_b4
+	.byte	blink_arm_b3
+	.byte	blink_arm_b2
+	.byte	blink_arm_b1
+	.byte	blink_arm_b0
+	.ascii	")) count=$(("
+	.byte	blink_arm_size_b9
+	.byte	blink_arm_size_b8
+	.byte	blink_arm_size_b7
+	.byte	blink_arm_size_b6
+	.byte	blink_arm_size_b5
+	.byte	blink_arm_size_b4
+	.byte	blink_arm_size_b3
+	.byte	blink_arm_size_b2
+	.byte	blink_arm_size_b1
+	.byte	blink_arm_size_b0
+	.ascii	")) conv=notrunc 2>/dev/null | gunzip >\"$e.$$\"\n"
+	.ascii	"mv -f \"$e.$$\" \"$e\"\n"
+	.ascii	"chmod +x \"$e\"\n"
+	.ascii	"fi\n"
+	.ascii	"exec \"$e\" \"$o\" \"$@\"\n"
+	.ascii	"fi\n"
+
+//	Blink for Linux on Legacy x86
+	.ascii	"if [ \"$s\" = Linux ]; then\n"
+	.ascii	"if [ \"$m\" = i686 ] || [ \"$m\" = i386 ]; then\n"
+	.ascii	"if ! [ -x \"$e\" ]; then\n"
+	.ascii	"echo \"extracting blink-i486 to ${e}\" >&2\n"
+	.ascii	"dd if=\"$o\" bs=1 skip=$(("
+	.byte	blink_i486_b9
+	.byte	blink_i486_b8
+	.byte	blink_i486_b7
+	.byte	blink_i486_b6
+	.byte	blink_i486_b5
+	.byte	blink_i486_b4
+	.byte	blink_i486_b3
+	.byte	blink_i486_b2
+	.byte	blink_i486_b1
+	.byte	blink_i486_b0
+	.ascii	")) count=$(("
+	.byte	blink_i486_size_b9
+	.byte	blink_i486_size_b8
+	.byte	blink_i486_size_b7
+	.byte	blink_i486_size_b6
+	.byte	blink_i486_size_b5
+	.byte	blink_i486_size_b4
+	.byte	blink_i486_size_b3
+	.byte	blink_i486_size_b2
+	.byte	blink_i486_size_b1
+	.byte	blink_i486_size_b0
+	.ascii	")) conv=notrunc 2>/dev/null | gunzip >\"$e.$$\"\n"
+	.ascii	"mv -f \"$e.$$\" \"$e\"\n"
+	.ascii	"chmod +x \"$e\"\n"
+	.ascii	"fi\n"
+	.ascii	"exec \"$e\" \"$o\" \"$@\"\n"
+	.ascii	"fi\n"
+	.ascii	"fi\n"
+
+//	Blink for Linux on RISC-V
+	.ascii	"if [ \"$s\" = Linux ] && [ \"$m\" = riscv64 ]; then\n"
+	.ascii	"if ! [ -x \"$e\" ]; then\n"
+	.ascii	"echo \"extracting blink-riscv64 to ${e}\" >&2\n"
+	.ascii	"dd if=\"$o\" bs=1 skip=$(("
+	.byte	blink_riscv64_b9
+	.byte	blink_riscv64_b8
+	.byte	blink_riscv64_b7
+	.byte	blink_riscv64_b6
+	.byte	blink_riscv64_b5
+	.byte	blink_riscv64_b4
+	.byte	blink_riscv64_b3
+	.byte	blink_riscv64_b2
+	.byte	blink_riscv64_b1
+	.byte	blink_riscv64_b0
+	.ascii	")) count=$(("
+	.byte	blink_riscv64_size_b9
+	.byte	blink_riscv64_size_b8
+	.byte	blink_riscv64_size_b7
+	.byte	blink_riscv64_size_b6
+	.byte	blink_riscv64_size_b5
+	.byte	blink_riscv64_size_b4
+	.byte	blink_riscv64_size_b3
+	.byte	blink_riscv64_size_b2
+	.byte	blink_riscv64_size_b1
+	.byte	blink_riscv64_size_b0
+	.ascii	")) conv=notrunc 2>/dev/null | gunzip >\"$e.$$\"\n"
+	.ascii	"mv -f \"$e.$$\" \"$e\"\n"
+	.ascii	"chmod +x \"$e\"\n"
+	.ascii	"fi\n"
+	.ascii	"exec \"$e\" \"$o\" \"$@\"\n"
+	.ascii	"fi\n"
+
+//	Blink for Linux on MIPS Little Endian, e.g. Ubiquiti EdgerouterX
+	.ascii	"if [ \"$s\" = Linux ] && [ \"$m\" = mips ]; then\n"
+	.ascii	"if ! [ -x \"$e\" ]; then\n"
+	.ascii	"echo \"extracting blink-mipsel to ${e}\" >&2\n"
+	.ascii	"dd if=\"$o\" bs=1 skip=$(("
+	.byte	blink_mipsel_b9
+	.byte	blink_mipsel_b8
+	.byte	blink_mipsel_b7
+	.byte	blink_mipsel_b6
+	.byte	blink_mipsel_b5
+	.byte	blink_mipsel_b4
+	.byte	blink_mipsel_b3
+	.byte	blink_mipsel_b2
+	.byte	blink_mipsel_b1
+	.byte	blink_mipsel_b0
+	.ascii	")) count=$(("
+	.byte	blink_mipsel_size_b9
+	.byte	blink_mipsel_size_b8
+	.byte	blink_mipsel_size_b7
+	.byte	blink_mipsel_size_b6
+	.byte	blink_mipsel_size_b5
+	.byte	blink_mipsel_size_b4
+	.byte	blink_mipsel_size_b3
+	.byte	blink_mipsel_size_b2
+	.byte	blink_mipsel_size_b1
+	.byte	blink_mipsel_size_b0
+	.ascii	")) conv=notrunc 2>/dev/null | gunzip >\"$e.$$\"\n"
+	.ascii	"mv -f \"$e.$$\" \"$e\"\n"
+	.ascii	"chmod +x \"$e\"\n"
+	.ascii	"fi\n"
+	.ascii	"exec \"$e\" \"$o\" \"$@\"\n"
+	.ascii	"fi\n"
+
+//	Blink for Linux on PowerPC 64 Little Endian, e.g. Raptor
+	.ascii	"if [ \"$s\" = Linux ] && [ \"$m\" = ppc64le ]; then\n"
+	.ascii	"if ! [ -x \"$e\" ]; then\n"
+	.ascii	"echo \"extracting blink-powerpc64le to ${e}\" >&2\n"
+	.ascii	"dd if=\"$o\" bs=1 skip=$(("
+	.byte	blink_powerpc64le_b9
+	.byte	blink_powerpc64le_b8
+	.byte	blink_powerpc64le_b7
+	.byte	blink_powerpc64le_b6
+	.byte	blink_powerpc64le_b5
+	.byte	blink_powerpc64le_b4
+	.byte	blink_powerpc64le_b3
+	.byte	blink_powerpc64le_b2
+	.byte	blink_powerpc64le_b1
+	.byte	blink_powerpc64le_b0
+	.ascii	")) count=$(("
+	.byte	blink_powerpc64le_size_b9
+	.byte	blink_powerpc64le_size_b8
+	.byte	blink_powerpc64le_size_b7
+	.byte	blink_powerpc64le_size_b6
+	.byte	blink_powerpc64le_size_b5
+	.byte	blink_powerpc64le_size_b4
+	.byte	blink_powerpc64le_size_b3
+	.byte	blink_powerpc64le_size_b2
+	.byte	blink_powerpc64le_size_b1
+	.byte	blink_powerpc64le_size_b0
+	.ascii	")) conv=notrunc 2>/dev/null | gunzip >\"$e.$$\"\n"
+	.ascii	"mv -f \"$e.$$\" \"$e\"\n"
+	.ascii	"chmod +x \"$e\"\n"
+	.ascii	"fi\n"
+	.ascii	"exec \"$e\" \"$o\" \"$@\"\n"
+	.ascii	"fi\n"
+
+//	Blink for Linux on PowerPC, e.g. Old Macintosh
+	.ascii	"if [ \"$s\" = Linux ] && [ \"$m\" = ppc ]; then\n"
+	.ascii	"if ! [ -x \"$e\" ]; then\n"
+	.ascii	"echo \"extracting blink-powerpc to ${e}\" >&2\n"
+	.ascii	"dd if=\"$o\" bs=1 skip=$(("
+	.byte	blink_powerpc_b9
+	.byte	blink_powerpc_b8
+	.byte	blink_powerpc_b7
+	.byte	blink_powerpc_b6
+	.byte	blink_powerpc_b5
+	.byte	blink_powerpc_b4
+	.byte	blink_powerpc_b3
+	.byte	blink_powerpc_b2
+	.byte	blink_powerpc_b1
+	.byte	blink_powerpc_b0
+	.ascii	")) count=$(("
+	.byte	blink_powerpc_size_b9
+	.byte	blink_powerpc_size_b8
+	.byte	blink_powerpc_size_b7
+	.byte	blink_powerpc_size_b6
+	.byte	blink_powerpc_size_b5
+	.byte	blink_powerpc_size_b4
+	.byte	blink_powerpc_size_b3
+	.byte	blink_powerpc_size_b2
+	.byte	blink_powerpc_size_b1
+	.byte	blink_powerpc_size_b0
+	.ascii	")) conv=notrunc 2>/dev/null | gunzip >\"$e.$$\"\n"
+	.ascii	"mv -f \"$e.$$\" \"$e\"\n"
+	.ascii	"chmod +x \"$e\"\n"
+	.ascii	"fi\n"
+	.ascii	"exec \"$e\" \"$o\" \"$@\"\n"
+	.ascii	"fi\n"
+
+//	Blink for Linux on IBM Mainframes
+	.ascii	"if [ \"$s\" = Linux ] && [ \"$m\" = s390x ]; then\n"
+	.ascii	"if ! [ -x \"$e\" ]; then\n"
+	.ascii	"echo \"extracting blink-s390x to ${e}\" >&2\n"
+	.ascii	"dd if=\"$o\" bs=1 skip=$(("
+	.byte	blink_s390x_b9
+	.byte	blink_s390x_b8
+	.byte	blink_s390x_b7
+	.byte	blink_s390x_b6
+	.byte	blink_s390x_b5
+	.byte	blink_s390x_b4
+	.byte	blink_s390x_b3
+	.byte	blink_s390x_b2
+	.byte	blink_s390x_b1
+	.byte	blink_s390x_b0
+	.ascii	")) count=$(("
+	.byte	blink_s390x_size_b9
+	.byte	blink_s390x_size_b8
+	.byte	blink_s390x_size_b7
+	.byte	blink_s390x_size_b6
+	.byte	blink_s390x_size_b5
+	.byte	blink_s390x_size_b4
+	.byte	blink_s390x_size_b3
+	.byte	blink_s390x_size_b2
+	.byte	blink_s390x_size_b1
+	.byte	blink_s390x_size_b0
+	.ascii	")) conv=notrunc 2>/dev/null | gunzip >\"$e.$$\"\n"
+	.ascii	"mv -f \"$e.$$\" \"$e\"\n"
+	.ascii	"chmod +x \"$e\"\n"
+	.ascii	"fi\n"
+	.ascii	"exec \"$e\" \"$o\" \"$@\"\n"
+	.ascii	"fi\n"
+
+	.ascii	"echo unsupported architecture >&2\n"
+	.rept	16
+	.ascii	"exit 127\n"
+	.endr
+
+	.ascii	"exit 1\n"
+	.endobj	emush
 #ifdef APE_LOADER
        .section .ape.loader,"a",@progbits
 	.align	64
@@ -874,7 +1223,7 @@ ape_macho:
 	.long	(520f-510f)/4			# count
 510:	.quad	0				# rax
 	.quad	IMAGE_BASE_VIRTUAL		# rbx
-	.quad	XNU				# rcx
+	.quad	_HOSTXNU			# rcx
 	.quad	0				# rdx
 	.quad	0				# rdi
 	.quad	0				# rsi
@@ -1081,6 +1430,42 @@ ape_idata_idt:
 ape_idata_idtend:
 	.previous

+	.section .piro.data.sort.metal_gdt,"aw",@progbits
+	.align	8
+_gdt:
+//	          ┌G:granularity (1 → limit *= 0x1000)
+//	          │┌D/B:default operation size (0 = 16|64bit, 1 = 32-bit)
+//	          ││┌L:long mode
+//	          │││┌AVL:this bit is thine (1<<52)
+//	          ││││    ┌P:present
+//	          ││││    │┌DPL:privilege
+//	          ││││    ││ ┌─────────data/code(1)
+//	          ││││    ││ │┌────data(0)──────code(1)
+//	          ││││    ││ ││┌───conforming───expand-down
+//	          ││││    ││ │││┌──writeable────readable
+//	          ││││    ││ ││││┌─accessed─────accessed
+//	          ││││    ││ │││││
+//	          ││││ ┌──││─│││││───────────────────────────────┐
+//	      ┌───││││─│──││─│││││───────────┐                   │
+//	  ┌───┴──┐││││┌┴─┐│├┐│││││┌──────────┴───────────┐┌──────┴───────┐
+//	  │      ││││││  ││││││││││          base address││ segment limit│
+//	  │      ││││││  ││││││││││               32 bits││       20 bits│
+//	  │      ││││││  ││││││││││                      ││              │
+//	  6666555555555544444444443333333333222222222211111111110000000000
+//	  3210987654321098765432109876543210987654321098765432109876543210
+//	  │      ││││││  ││││││││││                      ││              │
+.quad	0b0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 # 0
+.quad	0b0000000000001111100110100000000000000000000000001111111111111111 # 8
+.quad	0b0000000000001111100100100000000000000000000000001111111111111111 #16
+.quad	0b0000000011001111100110100000000000000000000000001111111111111111 #24
+.quad	0b0000000011001111100100100000000000000000000000001111111111111111 #32
+.quad	0b0000000010101111100110110000000000000000000000001111111111111111 #40
+.quad	0b0000000010101111100100110000000000000000000000001111111111111111 #48
+.tssdescstub _tss							#56,64
+_gdt_end:
+	.endobj	_gdt,global,hidden
+	.previous
+
 	.section .piro.data.sort.iat.1,"aw",@progbits
 	.type	ape_idata_iatend,@object
 	.type	ape_idata_iat,@object
@@ -1137,42 +1522,22 @@ sconf:	.short	1843200/*hz*/ / 16/*wut*/ / 9600/*baud*/
 	.endobj	sconf,global,hidden

 //	Global Descriptor Table
-//
-//	@note address portion only concern legacy modes
 	.align	8
-gdt:	.short	2f-1f		# table byte length
-	.long	REAL(1f),0	# table address
-	.zero	2
-1:
-//	          ┌G:granularity (1 → limit *= 0x1000)
-//	          │┌D/B:default operation size (0 = 16|64bit, 1 = 32-bit)
-//	          ││┌L:long mode
-//	          │││┌AVL:this bit is thine (1<<52)
-//	          ││││    ┌P:present
-//	          ││││    │┌DPL:privilege
-//	          ││││    ││ ┌─────────data/code(1)
-//	          ││││    ││ │┌────data(0)──────code(1)
-//	          ││││    ││ ││┌───conforming───expand-down
-//	          ││││    ││ │││┌──writeable────readable
-//	          ││││    ││ ││││┌─accessed─────accessed
-//	          ││││    ││ │││││
-//	          ││││ ┌──││─│││││───────────────────────────────┐
-//	      ┌───││││─│──││─│││││───────────┐                   │
-//	  ┌───┴──┐││││┌┴─┐│├┐│││││┌──────────┴───────────┐┌──────┴───────┐
-//	  │      ││││││  ││││││││││          base address││ segment limit│
-//	  │      ││││││  ││││││││││               32 bits││       20 bits│
-//	  │      ││││││  ││││││││││                      ││              │
-//	  6666555555555544444444443333333333222222222211111111110000000000
-//	  3210987654321098765432109876543210987654321098765432109876543210
-//	  │      ││││││  ││││││││││                      ││              │
-.quad	0b0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 # 0
-.quad	0b0000000000001111100110100000000000000000000000001111111111111111 # 8
-.quad	0b0000000000001111100100100000000000000000000000001111111111111111 #16
-.quad	0b0000000011001111100110100000000000000000000000001111111111111111 #24
+_gdtrlo:
+	.short	2f-_gdtlo-1	# table byte length
+	.long	REAL(_gdtlo)	# table address (base memory space)
+	.endobj	_gdtrlo,global,hidden
+_gdtr:
+	.short	_gdt_end-_gdt-1	# table byte length
+	.quad	_gdt		# table address (final virtual space)
+	.endobj	_gdtr,global,hidden
+	.align	8
+//	Partial GDT with descriptors for switching to unreal mode or long mode.
+_gdtlo	= .-GDT_LEGACY_DATA
 .quad	0b0000000011001111100100100000000000000000000000001111111111111111 #32
 .quad	0b0000000010101111100110110000000000000000000000001111111111111111 #40
 .quad	0b0000000010101111100100110000000000000000000000001111111111111111 #48
-2:	.endobj	gdt,global,hidden
+2:

 /*─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╗
 │ αcτµαlly pδrταblε εxεcµταblε § real mode                                     │
@@ -1180,6 +1545,7 @@ gdt:	.short	2f-1f		# table byte length
 	the default mode of operation on modern cpus */

 realmodeloader:
+	call	lhinit
 	call	rlinit
 	call	sinit4
 	.optfn	_start16
@@ -1187,6 +1553,25 @@ realmodeloader:
 	call	longmodeloader
 	.endfn	realmodeloader

+//	Prepares to later load parts of the program that are not loaded yet.
+//
+//	@param	al next sector number
+//	@param	cx next cylinder number
+//	@param	dh next head number
+//	@param	dl drive number
+//	@clob	ax, cx, es, di
+lhinit:	cmp	$0x40,%dl
+	je	9f
+	pushpop	0,%es
+	mov	$mm+"struct mman::pc_drive_next_sector",%di
+	cld
+	stosb	#→ pc_drive_next_sector
+	xchg	%ax,%cx
+	stosw	#→ pc_drive_next_cylinder
+	mov	%dh,%al
+	stosb	#→ pc_drive_next_head
+9:	ret
+
 	.section .sort.text.real.init.1,"ax",@progbits
 	.type	rlinit,@function
 rlinit:	.previous/*
@@ -1247,6 +1632,8 @@ longmodeloader:
 	call	lcheck
 	call	a20
 	call	e820
+	call	cpyhi
+	call	loadhi
 	call	pinit
 	call	golong
 	.endfn	longmodeloader
@@ -1278,8 +1665,8 @@ lcheck:	pushf				# check for i8086 / i8088 / i80186
 	jl	10f
 	mov	%edi,%eax
 	cpuid
-	mov	$1<<29,%edi		# need nexgen32e long mode support
-	and	%edi,%edx
+	mov	$1<<29|1<<20,%edi	# need nexgen32e long mode support
+	and	%edi,%edx		# & nx support
 	cmp	%edi,%edx
 	jne	10f
 	xor	%ax,%ax
@@ -1389,10 +1776,88 @@ a20:	cli
 5:	ret
 	.endfn	a20

+//	Copies program pages loaded into base memory, to extended memory.
+//
+//	@clob	esi, edi
+cpyhi:	push	%es
+	movpp	%ds,%es
+	call	unreal
+	mov	$IMAGE_BASE_REAL,%esi
+	mov	$IMAGE_BASE_PHYSICAL,%edi
+	mov	$v_ape_realdwords,%ecx
+	cld
+	rep movsl %ds:(%esi),%es:(%edi)
+	sti
+	pop	%es
+	ret
+	.endfn	cpyhi
+
+//	Disables interrupts and switches to "unreal mode".
+//
+//	@return	ds, es have same base addresses as before but can access
+//		4 GiB of memory
+//	@clob	eax
+unreal:	push	%ds
+	push	%es
+	cli
+	lgdt	REAL(_gdtrlo)
+	mov	%cr0,%eax
+	or	$CR0_PE,%al
+	mov	%eax,%cr0
+	jmp	0f
+0:	pushpop	GDT_LEGACY_DATA,%ds
+	movpp	%ds,%es
+	and	$~CR0_PE,%al
+	mov	%eax,%cr0
+	jmp	1f
+1:	pop	%es
+	pop	%ds
+	ret
+
+//	Reads any remaining program pages into memory which have not yet
+//	been read by the boot sector.
+//
+//	@clob	eax, ecx, dx, esi, edi, bp
+loadhi:	mov	$v_ape_highsectors,%bp
+	test	%bp,%bp
+	jz	9f
+	mov	$mm+"struct mman::pc_drive",%si
+	cld
+	lodsb	#← pc_drive
+	xchg	%ax,%dx
+	lodsw
+	lodsb	#← pc_drive_next_sector
+	test	%al,%al
+	jz	9f
+	xchg	%ax,%cx
+	lodsw	#← pc_drive_next_cylinder
+	xchg	%ax,%cx
+	mov	(%si),%dh #← pc_drive_next_head
+	push	%es
+#define	SEG 0x79000
+	mov	$IMAGE_BASE_PHYSICAL+v_ape_realbytes-SEG,%edi
+	push	$SEG>>4
+	pop	%es
+0:	call	pcread
+	push	%ax
+	call	unreal
+	pop	%ax
+	push	%cx
+	xor	%esi,%esi
+	xor	%ecx,%ecx
+	mov	$512/4,%cl
+	cld
+	rep movsl %es:(%esi),%es:(%edi)
+	sti
+	pop	%cx
+	dec	%bp
+	jnz	0b
+	pop	%es
+9:	ret
+
 //	Initializes long mode paging.
 pinit:	push	%ds
 	push	%es
-#define	SEG 0x79000
 	mov	$SEG>>4,%ax
 	mov	%ax,%ds
 	mov	%ax,%es
@@ -1408,7 +1873,7 @@ pinit:	push	%ds
 	movl	$0x79000+PAGE_V+PAGE_RW,0x7b000-SEG	# PD←PDT     (+)
 	movl	$0x79000+PAGE_V+PAGE_RW,0x7a000-SEG	# PD←PDT     (-)
 	mov	$512,%cx				# PD±2MB
-	mov	$PAGE_V+PAGE_RW,%eax
+	mov	$PAGE_V+PAGE_RSRV+PAGE_RW,%eax
 	xor	%di,%di
 0:	stosl
 	add	$0x1000,%eax
@@ -1431,9 +1896,9 @@ golong:	cli
 	mov	%eax,%cr4
 	movl	$EFER,%ecx
 	rdmsr
-	or	$EFER_LME|EFER_SCE,%eax
+	or	$EFER_LME|EFER_SCE|EFER_NXE,%eax
 	wrmsr
-	lgdt	REAL(gdt)
+	lgdt	REAL(_gdtrlo)
 	mov	%cr0,%eax
 	or	$CR0_PE|CR0_PG|CR0_MP,%eax
 	and	$~CR0_EM,%eax
@@ -1443,7 +1908,9 @@ golong:	cli

 //	Long mode is long.
 	.code64
-long:	xor	%eax,%eax
+long:	movabs	$BANE+PHYSICAL(0f),%rax
+	jmp	*%rax
+0:	xor	%eax,%eax
 	mov	$GDT_LONG_DATA,%al
 	mov	%eax,%ds
 	mov	%eax,%ss
@@ -1457,13 +1924,15 @@ long:	xor	%eax,%eax
 	xor	%r15d,%r15d
 	xor	%ebx,%ebx
 	xor	%ebp,%ebp
-	push	%rbp
 	mov	$mm,%rdi
 	mov	%cr3,%rsi
-	mov	$IMAGE_BASE_REAL,%edx
+	mov	$IMAGE_BASE_PHYSICAL,%edx
+	lea	v_ape_allbytes(%rdx),%ecx
 	call	__map_phdrs
 	push	$0x037f
 	fldcw	(%rsp)
+	lgdt	_gdtr					# reload GDTR for
+							# virtual memory space
 	movabs	$kernel,%rax
 	jmp	*%rax
 	.endfn	long
@@ -1544,21 +2013,25 @@ kernel:	movabs	$ape_stack_vaddr,%rsp
 	.byte	0x0f,0x1f,0207			# nop rdi binbase
 	.long	(IMAGE_BASE_VIRTUAL-IMAGE_BASE_REAL)/512
 #endif
-	push	$METAL				# sets __hostos in crt.S
+	movabs	$BANE+mm,%rdi
+	mov	$0x79000,%esi
+	mov	$0x7f000,%edx
+	call	__reclaim_boot_pages
+	push	$_HOSTMETAL			# sets __hostos in crt.S
 	pop	%rcx
-	push	$0
+	pushq	.Lenv0(%rip)			# envp[0][0]
 	mov	%rsp,%rbp
-	mov	.Lenv0(%rip),%rax
-	mov	%rax,(%rbp)			# envp[0][0]
-	push	$0				# argv[0][0]
+	pushq	.Largv0+8(%rip)			# argv[0][8]
+	pushq	.Largv0(%rip)			# argv[0][0]
+	mov	%rsp,%rax
 	push	$0				# auxv[1][1]
 	push	$0				# auxv[1][0]
-	push	%rbp				# auxv[0][1]
+	push	%rax				# auxv[0][1]
 	push	$31				# auxv[0][0] AT_EXECFN
 	push	$0				# envp[1]
-	push	$.Lenv0				# envp[0]
+	push	%rbp				# envp[0]
 	push	$0				# argv[1]
-	push	%rbp				# argv[0]
+	push	%rax				# argv[0]
 	push	$1				# argc
 	xor	%ebp,%ebp
 	xor	%eax,%eax
@@ -1574,6 +2047,9 @@ kernel:	movabs	$ape_stack_vaddr,%rsp

 	.rodata
 .Lenv0:	.asciz	"METAL=1"
+.Largv0:
+	.asciz	APE_COM_NAME
+	.org	.Largv0+16
 	.previous

 #endif /* SupportsMetal() */
@@ -1586,7 +2062,7 @@ kernel:	movabs	$ape_stack_vaddr,%rsp
 	.ldsvar	_end
 	.ldsvar	_etext
 	.ldsvar	v_ape_realsectors
-	.ldsvar	v_ape_realslacksectors
+	.ldsvar	v_ape_realbytes
 	.ldsvar	v_ape_highsectors
 	.ldsvar	ape_idata_ro
 	.ldsvar	ape_pad_rodata
@@ -1680,5 +2156,77 @@ __bss_start:
 __bss_end:
 	.previous

+	.section .blink,"a",@progbits
+	.globl	blink_aarch64_size
+blink_aarch64:
+	.incbin	"ape/blink-aarch64.gz"
+	.endobj	blink_aarch64,globl
+blink_aarch64_size = . - blink_aarch64
+	.previous
+
+	.section .blink,"a",@progbits
+	.globl	blink_darwin_arm64_size
+blink_darwin_arm64:
+	.incbin	"ape/blink-darwin-arm64.gz"
+	.endobj	blink_darwin_arm64,globl
+blink_darwin_arm64_size = . - blink_darwin_arm64
+	.previous
+
+	.section .blink,"a",@progbits
+	.globl	blink_arm_size
+blink_arm:
+	.incbin	"ape/blink-arm.gz"
+	.endobj	blink_arm,globl
+blink_arm_size = . - blink_arm
+	.previous
+
+	.section .blink,"a",@progbits
+	.globl	blink_i486_size
+blink_i486:
+	.incbin	"ape/blink-i486.gz"
+	.endobj	blink_i486,globl
+blink_i486_size = . - blink_i486
+	.previous
+
+	.section .blink,"a",@progbits
+	.globl	blink_riscv64_size
+blink_riscv64:
+	.incbin	"ape/blink-riscv64.gz"
+	.endobj	blink_riscv64,globl
+blink_riscv64_size = . - blink_riscv64
+	.previous
+
+	.section .blink,"a",@progbits
+	.globl	blink_mipsel_size
+blink_mipsel:
+	.incbin	"ape/blink-mipsel.gz"
+	.endobj	blink_mipsel,globl
+blink_mipsel_size = . - blink_mipsel
+	.previous
+
+	.section .blink,"a",@progbits
+	.globl	blink_powerpc64le_size
+blink_powerpc64le:
+	.incbin	"ape/blink-powerpc64le.gz"
+	.endobj	blink_powerpc64le,globl
+blink_powerpc64le_size = . - blink_powerpc64le
+	.previous
+
+	.section .blink,"a",@progbits
+	.globl	blink_powerpc_size
+blink_powerpc:
+	.incbin	"ape/blink-powerpc.gz"
+	.endobj	blink_powerpc,globl
+blink_powerpc_size = . - blink_powerpc
+	.previous
+
+	.section .blink,"a",@progbits
+	.globl	blink_s390x_size
+blink_s390x:
+	.incbin	"ape/blink-s390x.gz"
+	.endobj	blink_s390x,globl
+blink_s390x_size = . - blink_s390x
+	.previous
+
 .end

@@ -216,6 +216,8 @@ SECTIONS {
    KEEP(*(.elf.phdrs))
    HIDDEN(ape_phdrs_end = .);

+    KEEP(*(.emush))
+
    /* OpenBSD */
    . = ALIGN(__SIZEOF_POINTER__);
    HIDDEN(ape_note = .);
@@ -273,6 +275,7 @@ SECTIONS {
    KEEP(*(.textwindowsprologue))
    *(.text.windows)
    KEEP(*(.textwindowsepilogue))
+    KEEP(*(.blink))
    *(SORT_BY_ALIGNMENT(.text.modernity))
    *(SORT_BY_ALIGNMENT(.text.modernity.*))
    *(SORT_BY_ALIGNMENT(.text.hot))
@@ -349,9 +352,30 @@ SECTIONS {
    HIDDEN(_etext = .);
    PROVIDE_HIDDEN(etext = .);
 /*END: Read Only Data (only needed for initialization) */
-/*END: Read Only Data */
  } :Rom

+/* initialization image for thread-local storage, this is copied */
+/* out to actual TLS areas at runtime, so just make it read-only */
+  .tdata . : {
+    _tdata_start = .;
+    *(SORT_BY_ALIGNMENT(.tdata))
+    *(SORT_BY_ALIGNMENT(.tdata.*))
+    _tdata_end = .;
+    . = ALIGN(PAGESIZE);
+  } :Tls :Rom
+/*END: Read Only Data */
+
+/* this only tells the linker about the layout of uninitialized */
+/* TLS data, and does not advance the linker's location counter */
+  .tbss . : {
+    _tbss_start = .;
+    *(SORT_BY_ALIGNMENT(.tbss))
+    *(SORT_BY_ALIGNMENT(.tbss.*))
+    . = ALIGN(TLS_ALIGNMENT);
+    /* the %fs register is based on this location */
+    _tbss_end = .;
+  } :Tls
+
  .data ALIGN(PAGESIZE) : {
 /*BEGIN: Read/Write Data */
    KEEP(*(SORT_BY_NAME(.piro.data.sort.iat.*)))
@@ -385,26 +409,7 @@ SECTIONS {
    . = ALIGN(PAGESIZE);
  } :Ram

-  .tdata . : {
-    _tdata_start = .;
-    *(SORT_BY_ALIGNMENT(.tdata))
-    *(SORT_BY_ALIGNMENT(.tdata.*))
-    _tdata_end = .;
-    . = ALIGN(PAGESIZE);
-  } :Tls :Ram
-
 /*END:   file content that's loaded by o/s */
-/*BEGIN: bss memory void */
-
-  .tbss . : {
-    _tbss_start = .;
-    *(SORT_BY_ALIGNMENT(.tbss))
-    *(SORT_BY_ALIGNMENT(.tbss.*))
-    . = ALIGN(TLS_ALIGNMENT);
-    /* the %fs register is based on this location */
-    _tbss_end = .;
-  } :Tls
-
 /*END:   file content */
 /*BEGIN: bss memory that's addressable */

@@ -427,7 +432,7 @@ SECTIONS {

    KEEP(*(.bssepilogue))
 /*END: NT FORK COPYING */
-    . = ALIGN(FRAMESIZE); /* for brk()/sbrk() allocation */
+    . = ALIGN(PAGESIZE);
    HIDDEN(_end = .);
    PROVIDE_HIDDEN(end = .);
  } :Bss
@@ -509,7 +514,7 @@ HIDDEN(ape_rom_rva = RVA(ape_rom_vaddr));
 HIDDEN(ape_ram_offset = ape_rom_offset + ape_rom_filesz);
 HIDDEN(ape_ram_vaddr = ADDR(.data));
 HIDDEN(ape_ram_paddr = LOADADDR(.data));
-HIDDEN(ape_ram_filesz = SIZEOF(.data) + SIZEOF(.tdata));
+HIDDEN(ape_ram_filesz = SIZEOF(.data));
 HIDDEN(ape_ram_memsz = ADDR(.bss) + SIZEOF(.bss) - ape_ram_vaddr);
 HIDDEN(ape_ram_align = PAGESIZE);
 HIDDEN(ape_ram_rva = RVA(ape_ram_vaddr));
@@ -533,16 +538,16 @@ HIDDEN(ape_note_align = __SIZEOF_POINTER__);
 HIDDEN(ape_text_offset = ape_rom_offset + LOADADDR(.text) - ape_rom_paddr);
 HIDDEN(ape_text_paddr = LOADADDR(.text));
 HIDDEN(ape_text_vaddr = ADDR(.text));
-HIDDEN(ape_text_filesz = SIZEOF(.text));
-HIDDEN(ape_text_memsz = SIZEOF(.text));
+HIDDEN(ape_text_filesz = SIZEOF(.text) + SIZEOF(.tdata));
+HIDDEN(ape_text_memsz = SIZEOF(.text) + SIZEOF(.tdata));
 HIDDEN(ape_text_align = PAGESIZE);
 HIDDEN(ape_text_rva = RVA(ape_text_vaddr));

 HIDDEN(ape_data_offset = ape_ram_offset + LOADADDR(.data) - ape_ram_paddr);
 HIDDEN(ape_data_paddr = LOADADDR(.data));
 HIDDEN(ape_data_vaddr = ADDR(.data));
-HIDDEN(ape_data_filesz = SIZEOF(.data) + SIZEOF(.tdata));
-HIDDEN(ape_data_memsz = SIZEOF(.data) + SIZEOF(.tdata));
+HIDDEN(ape_data_filesz = SIZEOF(.data));
+HIDDEN(ape_data_memsz = SIZEOF(.data));
 HIDDEN(ape_data_align = PAGESIZE);
 HIDDEN(ape_data_rva = RVA(ape_data_vaddr));

@@ -562,16 +567,213 @@ SHSTUB2(ape_loader_dd_count,
            ? ROUNDUP(ape_loader_end - ape_loader, PAGESIZE) / 64
            : 0);

+HIDDEN(blink_aarch64_b0 = RVA(blink_aarch64) % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_aarch64_b1 = RVA(blink_aarch64) < 10 ? 32 : RVA(blink_aarch64) / 10 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_aarch64_b2 = RVA(blink_aarch64) < 100 ? 32 : RVA(blink_aarch64) / 100 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_aarch64_b3 = RVA(blink_aarch64) < 1000 ? 32 : RVA(blink_aarch64) / 1000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_aarch64_b4 = RVA(blink_aarch64) < 10000 ? 32 : RVA(blink_aarch64) / 10000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_aarch64_b5 = RVA(blink_aarch64) < 100000 ? 32 : RVA(blink_aarch64) / 100000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_aarch64_b6 = RVA(blink_aarch64) < 1000000 ? 32 : RVA(blink_aarch64) / 1000000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_aarch64_b7 = RVA(blink_aarch64) < 10000000 ? 32 : RVA(blink_aarch64) / 10000000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_aarch64_b8 = RVA(blink_aarch64) < 100000000 ? 32 : RVA(blink_aarch64) / 100000000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_aarch64_b9 = RVA(blink_aarch64) < 1000000000 ? 32 : RVA(blink_aarch64) / 1000000000 % 10 + 48);
+
+HIDDEN(blink_aarch64_size_b0 = blink_aarch64_size % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_aarch64_size_b1 = blink_aarch64_size < 10 ? 32 : blink_aarch64_size / 10 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_aarch64_size_b2 = blink_aarch64_size < 100 ? 32 : blink_aarch64_size / 100 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_aarch64_size_b3 = blink_aarch64_size < 1000 ? 32 : blink_aarch64_size / 1000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_aarch64_size_b4 = blink_aarch64_size < 10000 ? 32 : blink_aarch64_size / 10000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_aarch64_size_b5 = blink_aarch64_size < 100000 ? 32 : blink_aarch64_size / 100000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_aarch64_size_b6 = blink_aarch64_size < 1000000 ? 32 : blink_aarch64_size / 1000000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_aarch64_size_b7 = blink_aarch64_size < 10000000 ? 32 : blink_aarch64_size / 10000000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_aarch64_size_b8 = blink_aarch64_size < 100000000 ? 32 : blink_aarch64_size / 100000000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_aarch64_size_b9 = blink_aarch64_size < 1000000000 ? 32 : blink_aarch64_size / 1000000000 % 10 + 48);
+
+HIDDEN(blink_darwin_arm64_b0 = RVA(blink_darwin_arm64) % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_darwin_arm64_b1 = RVA(blink_darwin_arm64) < 10 ? 32 : RVA(blink_darwin_arm64) / 10 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_darwin_arm64_b2 = RVA(blink_darwin_arm64) < 100 ? 32 : RVA(blink_darwin_arm64) / 100 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_darwin_arm64_b3 = RVA(blink_darwin_arm64) < 1000 ? 32 : RVA(blink_darwin_arm64) / 1000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_darwin_arm64_b4 = RVA(blink_darwin_arm64) < 10000 ? 32 : RVA(blink_darwin_arm64) / 10000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_darwin_arm64_b5 = RVA(blink_darwin_arm64) < 100000 ? 32 : RVA(blink_darwin_arm64) / 100000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_darwin_arm64_b6 = RVA(blink_darwin_arm64) < 1000000 ? 32 : RVA(blink_darwin_arm64) / 1000000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_darwin_arm64_b7 = RVA(blink_darwin_arm64) < 10000000 ? 32 : RVA(blink_darwin_arm64) / 10000000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_darwin_arm64_b8 = RVA(blink_darwin_arm64) < 100000000 ? 32 : RVA(blink_darwin_arm64) / 100000000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_darwin_arm64_b9 = RVA(blink_darwin_arm64) < 1000000000 ? 32 : RVA(blink_darwin_arm64) / 1000000000 % 10 + 48);
+
+HIDDEN(blink_darwin_arm64_size_b0 = blink_darwin_arm64_size % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_darwin_arm64_size_b1 = blink_darwin_arm64_size < 10 ? 32 : blink_darwin_arm64_size / 10 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_darwin_arm64_size_b2 = blink_darwin_arm64_size < 100 ? 32 : blink_darwin_arm64_size / 100 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_darwin_arm64_size_b3 = blink_darwin_arm64_size < 1000 ? 32 : blink_darwin_arm64_size / 1000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_darwin_arm64_size_b4 = blink_darwin_arm64_size < 10000 ? 32 : blink_darwin_arm64_size / 10000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_darwin_arm64_size_b5 = blink_darwin_arm64_size < 100000 ? 32 : blink_darwin_arm64_size / 100000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_darwin_arm64_size_b6 = blink_darwin_arm64_size < 1000000 ? 32 : blink_darwin_arm64_size / 1000000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_darwin_arm64_size_b7 = blink_darwin_arm64_size < 10000000 ? 32 : blink_darwin_arm64_size / 10000000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_darwin_arm64_size_b8 = blink_darwin_arm64_size < 100000000 ? 32 : blink_darwin_arm64_size / 100000000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_darwin_arm64_size_b9 = blink_darwin_arm64_size < 1000000000 ? 32 : blink_darwin_arm64_size / 1000000000 % 10 + 48);
+
+HIDDEN(blink_arm_b0 = RVA(blink_arm) % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_arm_b1 = RVA(blink_arm) < 10 ? 32 : RVA(blink_arm) / 10 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_arm_b2 = RVA(blink_arm) < 100 ? 32 : RVA(blink_arm) / 100 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_arm_b3 = RVA(blink_arm) < 1000 ? 32 : RVA(blink_arm) / 1000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_arm_b4 = RVA(blink_arm) < 10000 ? 32 : RVA(blink_arm) / 10000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_arm_b5 = RVA(blink_arm) < 100000 ? 32 : RVA(blink_arm) / 100000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_arm_b6 = RVA(blink_arm) < 1000000 ? 32 : RVA(blink_arm) / 1000000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_arm_b7 = RVA(blink_arm) < 10000000 ? 32 : RVA(blink_arm) / 10000000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_arm_b8 = RVA(blink_arm) < 100000000 ? 32 : RVA(blink_arm) / 100000000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_arm_b9 = RVA(blink_arm) < 1000000000 ? 32 : RVA(blink_arm) / 1000000000 % 10 + 48);
+
+HIDDEN(blink_arm_size_b0 = blink_arm_size % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_arm_size_b1 = blink_arm_size < 10 ? 32 : blink_arm_size / 10 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_arm_size_b2 = blink_arm_size < 100 ? 32 : blink_arm_size / 100 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_arm_size_b3 = blink_arm_size < 1000 ? 32 : blink_arm_size / 1000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_arm_size_b4 = blink_arm_size < 10000 ? 32 : blink_arm_size / 10000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_arm_size_b5 = blink_arm_size < 100000 ? 32 : blink_arm_size / 100000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_arm_size_b6 = blink_arm_size < 1000000 ? 32 : blink_arm_size / 1000000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_arm_size_b7 = blink_arm_size < 10000000 ? 32 : blink_arm_size / 10000000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_arm_size_b8 = blink_arm_size < 100000000 ? 32 : blink_arm_size / 100000000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_arm_size_b9 = blink_arm_size < 1000000000 ? 32 : blink_arm_size / 1000000000 % 10 + 48);
+
+HIDDEN(blink_i486_b0 = RVA(blink_i486) % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_i486_b1 = RVA(blink_i486) < 10 ? 32 : RVA(blink_i486) / 10 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_i486_b2 = RVA(blink_i486) < 100 ? 32 : RVA(blink_i486) / 100 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_i486_b3 = RVA(blink_i486) < 1000 ? 32 : RVA(blink_i486) / 1000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_i486_b4 = RVA(blink_i486) < 10000 ? 32 : RVA(blink_i486) / 10000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_i486_b5 = RVA(blink_i486) < 100000 ? 32 : RVA(blink_i486) / 100000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_i486_b6 = RVA(blink_i486) < 1000000 ? 32 : RVA(blink_i486) / 1000000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_i486_b7 = RVA(blink_i486) < 10000000 ? 32 : RVA(blink_i486) / 10000000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_i486_b8 = RVA(blink_i486) < 100000000 ? 32 : RVA(blink_i486) / 100000000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_i486_b9 = RVA(blink_i486) < 1000000000 ? 32 : RVA(blink_i486) / 1000000000 % 10 + 48);
+
+HIDDEN(blink_i486_size_b0 = blink_i486_size % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_i486_size_b1 = blink_i486_size < 10 ? 32 : blink_i486_size / 10 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_i486_size_b2 = blink_i486_size < 100 ? 32 : blink_i486_size / 100 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_i486_size_b3 = blink_i486_size < 1000 ? 32 : blink_i486_size / 1000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_i486_size_b4 = blink_i486_size < 10000 ? 32 : blink_i486_size / 10000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_i486_size_b5 = blink_i486_size < 100000 ? 32 : blink_i486_size / 100000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_i486_size_b6 = blink_i486_size < 1000000 ? 32 : blink_i486_size / 1000000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_i486_size_b7 = blink_i486_size < 10000000 ? 32 : blink_i486_size / 10000000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_i486_size_b8 = blink_i486_size < 100000000 ? 32 : blink_i486_size / 100000000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_i486_size_b9 = blink_i486_size < 1000000000 ? 32 : blink_i486_size / 1000000000 % 10 + 48);
+
+HIDDEN(blink_riscv64_b0 = RVA(blink_riscv64) % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_riscv64_b1 = RVA(blink_riscv64) < 10 ? 32 : RVA(blink_riscv64) / 10 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_riscv64_b2 = RVA(blink_riscv64) < 100 ? 32 : RVA(blink_riscv64) / 100 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_riscv64_b3 = RVA(blink_riscv64) < 1000 ? 32 : RVA(blink_riscv64) / 1000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_riscv64_b4 = RVA(blink_riscv64) < 10000 ? 32 : RVA(blink_riscv64) / 10000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_riscv64_b5 = RVA(blink_riscv64) < 100000 ? 32 : RVA(blink_riscv64) / 100000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_riscv64_b6 = RVA(blink_riscv64) < 1000000 ? 32 : RVA(blink_riscv64) / 1000000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_riscv64_b7 = RVA(blink_riscv64) < 10000000 ? 32 : RVA(blink_riscv64) / 10000000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_riscv64_b8 = RVA(blink_riscv64) < 100000000 ? 32 : RVA(blink_riscv64) / 100000000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_riscv64_b9 = RVA(blink_riscv64) < 1000000000 ? 32 : RVA(blink_riscv64) / 1000000000 % 10 + 48);
+
+HIDDEN(blink_riscv64_size_b0 = blink_riscv64_size % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_riscv64_size_b1 = blink_riscv64_size < 10 ? 32 : blink_riscv64_size / 10 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_riscv64_size_b2 = blink_riscv64_size < 100 ? 32 : blink_riscv64_size / 100 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_riscv64_size_b3 = blink_riscv64_size < 1000 ? 32 : blink_riscv64_size / 1000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_riscv64_size_b4 = blink_riscv64_size < 10000 ? 32 : blink_riscv64_size / 10000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_riscv64_size_b5 = blink_riscv64_size < 100000 ? 32 : blink_riscv64_size / 100000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_riscv64_size_b6 = blink_riscv64_size < 1000000 ? 32 : blink_riscv64_size / 1000000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_riscv64_size_b7 = blink_riscv64_size < 10000000 ? 32 : blink_riscv64_size / 10000000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_riscv64_size_b8 = blink_riscv64_size < 100000000 ? 32 : blink_riscv64_size / 100000000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_riscv64_size_b9 = blink_riscv64_size < 1000000000 ? 32 : blink_riscv64_size / 1000000000 % 10 + 48);
+
+HIDDEN(blink_mipsel_b0 = RVA(blink_mipsel) % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_mipsel_b1 = RVA(blink_mipsel) < 10 ? 32 : RVA(blink_mipsel) / 10 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_mipsel_b2 = RVA(blink_mipsel) < 100 ? 32 : RVA(blink_mipsel) / 100 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_mipsel_b3 = RVA(blink_mipsel) < 1000 ? 32 : RVA(blink_mipsel) / 1000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_mipsel_b4 = RVA(blink_mipsel) < 10000 ? 32 : RVA(blink_mipsel) / 10000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_mipsel_b5 = RVA(blink_mipsel) < 100000 ? 32 : RVA(blink_mipsel) / 100000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_mipsel_b6 = RVA(blink_mipsel) < 1000000 ? 32 : RVA(blink_mipsel) / 1000000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_mipsel_b7 = RVA(blink_mipsel) < 10000000 ? 32 : RVA(blink_mipsel) / 10000000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_mipsel_b8 = RVA(blink_mipsel) < 100000000 ? 32 : RVA(blink_mipsel) / 100000000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_mipsel_b9 = RVA(blink_mipsel) < 1000000000 ? 32 : RVA(blink_mipsel) / 1000000000 % 10 + 48);
+
+HIDDEN(blink_mipsel_size_b0 = blink_mipsel_size % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_mipsel_size_b1 = blink_mipsel_size < 10 ? 32 : blink_mipsel_size / 10 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_mipsel_size_b2 = blink_mipsel_size < 100 ? 32 : blink_mipsel_size / 100 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_mipsel_size_b3 = blink_mipsel_size < 1000 ? 32 : blink_mipsel_size / 1000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_mipsel_size_b4 = blink_mipsel_size < 10000 ? 32 : blink_mipsel_size / 10000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_mipsel_size_b5 = blink_mipsel_size < 100000 ? 32 : blink_mipsel_size / 100000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_mipsel_size_b6 = blink_mipsel_size < 1000000 ? 32 : blink_mipsel_size / 1000000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_mipsel_size_b7 = blink_mipsel_size < 10000000 ? 32 : blink_mipsel_size / 10000000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_mipsel_size_b8 = blink_mipsel_size < 100000000 ? 32 : blink_mipsel_size / 100000000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_mipsel_size_b9 = blink_mipsel_size < 1000000000 ? 32 : blink_mipsel_size / 1000000000 % 10 + 48);
+
+HIDDEN(blink_powerpc64le_b0 = RVA(blink_powerpc64le) % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_powerpc64le_b1 = RVA(blink_powerpc64le) < 10 ? 32 : RVA(blink_powerpc64le) / 10 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_powerpc64le_b2 = RVA(blink_powerpc64le) < 100 ? 32 : RVA(blink_powerpc64le) / 100 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_powerpc64le_b3 = RVA(blink_powerpc64le) < 1000 ? 32 : RVA(blink_powerpc64le) / 1000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_powerpc64le_b4 = RVA(blink_powerpc64le) < 10000 ? 32 : RVA(blink_powerpc64le) / 10000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_powerpc64le_b5 = RVA(blink_powerpc64le) < 100000 ? 32 : RVA(blink_powerpc64le) / 100000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_powerpc64le_b6 = RVA(blink_powerpc64le) < 1000000 ? 32 : RVA(blink_powerpc64le) / 1000000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_powerpc64le_b7 = RVA(blink_powerpc64le) < 10000000 ? 32 : RVA(blink_powerpc64le) / 10000000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_powerpc64le_b8 = RVA(blink_powerpc64le) < 100000000 ? 32 : RVA(blink_powerpc64le) / 100000000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_powerpc64le_b9 = RVA(blink_powerpc64le) < 1000000000 ? 32 : RVA(blink_powerpc64le) / 1000000000 % 10 + 48);
+
+HIDDEN(blink_powerpc64le_size_b0 = blink_powerpc64le_size % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_powerpc64le_size_b1 = blink_powerpc64le_size < 10 ? 32 : blink_powerpc64le_size / 10 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_powerpc64le_size_b2 = blink_powerpc64le_size < 100 ? 32 : blink_powerpc64le_size / 100 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_powerpc64le_size_b3 = blink_powerpc64le_size < 1000 ? 32 : blink_powerpc64le_size / 1000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_powerpc64le_size_b4 = blink_powerpc64le_size < 10000 ? 32 : blink_powerpc64le_size / 10000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_powerpc64le_size_b5 = blink_powerpc64le_size < 100000 ? 32 : blink_powerpc64le_size / 100000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_powerpc64le_size_b6 = blink_powerpc64le_size < 1000000 ? 32 : blink_powerpc64le_size / 1000000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_powerpc64le_size_b7 = blink_powerpc64le_size < 10000000 ? 32 : blink_powerpc64le_size / 10000000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_powerpc64le_size_b8 = blink_powerpc64le_size < 100000000 ? 32 : blink_powerpc64le_size / 100000000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_powerpc64le_size_b9 = blink_powerpc64le_size < 1000000000 ? 32 : blink_powerpc64le_size / 1000000000 % 10 + 48);
+
+HIDDEN(blink_powerpc_b0 = RVA(blink_powerpc) % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_powerpc_b1 = RVA(blink_powerpc) < 10 ? 32 : RVA(blink_powerpc) / 10 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_powerpc_b2 = RVA(blink_powerpc) < 100 ? 32 : RVA(blink_powerpc) / 100 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_powerpc_b3 = RVA(blink_powerpc) < 1000 ? 32 : RVA(blink_powerpc) / 1000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_powerpc_b4 = RVA(blink_powerpc) < 10000 ? 32 : RVA(blink_powerpc) / 10000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_powerpc_b5 = RVA(blink_powerpc) < 100000 ? 32 : RVA(blink_powerpc) / 100000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_powerpc_b6 = RVA(blink_powerpc) < 1000000 ? 32 : RVA(blink_powerpc) / 1000000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_powerpc_b7 = RVA(blink_powerpc) < 10000000 ? 32 : RVA(blink_powerpc) / 10000000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_powerpc_b8 = RVA(blink_powerpc) < 100000000 ? 32 : RVA(blink_powerpc) / 100000000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_powerpc_b9 = RVA(blink_powerpc) < 1000000000 ? 32 : RVA(blink_powerpc) / 1000000000 % 10 + 48);
+
+HIDDEN(blink_powerpc_size_b0 = blink_powerpc_size % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_powerpc_size_b1 = blink_powerpc_size < 10 ? 32 : blink_powerpc_size / 10 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_powerpc_size_b2 = blink_powerpc_size < 100 ? 32 : blink_powerpc_size / 100 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_powerpc_size_b3 = blink_powerpc_size < 1000 ? 32 : blink_powerpc_size / 1000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_powerpc_size_b4 = blink_powerpc_size < 10000 ? 32 : blink_powerpc_size / 10000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_powerpc_size_b5 = blink_powerpc_size < 100000 ? 32 : blink_powerpc_size / 100000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_powerpc_size_b6 = blink_powerpc_size < 1000000 ? 32 : blink_powerpc_size / 1000000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_powerpc_size_b7 = blink_powerpc_size < 10000000 ? 32 : blink_powerpc_size / 10000000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_powerpc_size_b8 = blink_powerpc_size < 100000000 ? 32 : blink_powerpc_size / 100000000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_powerpc_size_b9 = blink_powerpc_size < 1000000000 ? 32 : blink_powerpc_size / 1000000000 % 10 + 48);
+
+HIDDEN(blink_s390x_b0 = RVA(blink_s390x) % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_s390x_b1 = RVA(blink_s390x) < 10 ? 32 : RVA(blink_s390x) / 10 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_s390x_b2 = RVA(blink_s390x) < 100 ? 32 : RVA(blink_s390x) / 100 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_s390x_b3 = RVA(blink_s390x) < 1000 ? 32 : RVA(blink_s390x) / 1000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_s390x_b4 = RVA(blink_s390x) < 10000 ? 32 : RVA(blink_s390x) / 10000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_s390x_b5 = RVA(blink_s390x) < 100000 ? 32 : RVA(blink_s390x) / 100000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_s390x_b6 = RVA(blink_s390x) < 1000000 ? 32 : RVA(blink_s390x) / 1000000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_s390x_b7 = RVA(blink_s390x) < 10000000 ? 32 : RVA(blink_s390x) / 10000000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_s390x_b8 = RVA(blink_s390x) < 100000000 ? 32 : RVA(blink_s390x) / 100000000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_s390x_b9 = RVA(blink_s390x) < 1000000000 ? 32 : RVA(blink_s390x) / 1000000000 % 10 + 48);
+
+HIDDEN(blink_s390x_size_b0 = blink_s390x_size % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_s390x_size_b1 = blink_s390x_size < 10 ? 32 : blink_s390x_size / 10 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_s390x_size_b2 = blink_s390x_size < 100 ? 32 : blink_s390x_size / 100 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_s390x_size_b3 = blink_s390x_size < 1000 ? 32 : blink_s390x_size / 1000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_s390x_size_b4 = blink_s390x_size < 10000 ? 32 : blink_s390x_size / 10000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_s390x_size_b5 = blink_s390x_size < 100000 ? 32 : blink_s390x_size / 100000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_s390x_size_b6 = blink_s390x_size < 1000000 ? 32 : blink_s390x_size / 1000000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_s390x_size_b7 = blink_s390x_size < 10000000 ? 32 : blink_s390x_size / 10000000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_s390x_size_b8 = blink_s390x_size < 100000000 ? 32 : blink_s390x_size / 100000000 % 10 + 48);
+HIDDEN(blink_s390x_size_b9 = blink_s390x_size < 1000000000 ? 32 : blink_s390x_size / 1000000000 % 10 + 48);
+
 #if SupportsMetal()
 HIDDEN(v_ape_realsectors =
-           MIN(0x70000 - IMAGE_BASE_REAL,
-               ROUNDUP(RVA(_edata), 4096)) / 512);
-HIDDEN(v_ape_realslacksectors =
-           v_ape_realsectors - MIN(0x70000 - IMAGE_BASE_REAL,
-                                   ROUNDUP(RVA(_edata), 512)) / 512);
-HIDDEN(v_ape_realpages = v_ape_realsectors / (4096 / 512));
-HIDDEN(v_ape_highsectors =
-           (ROUNDUP(RVA(_edata), 512) / 512) - v_ape_realsectors);
+           MIN(0x70000 - IMAGE_BASE_REAL, ROUNDUP(RVA(_ezip), 512)) / 512);
+HIDDEN(v_ape_realbytes = v_ape_realsectors * 512);
+HIDDEN(v_ape_realdwords = v_ape_realsectors * (512 / 4));
+HIDDEN(v_ape_allsectors = ROUNDUP(RVA(_ezip), 512) / 512);
+HIDDEN(v_ape_allbytes = v_ape_allsectors * 512);
+HIDDEN(v_ape_highsectors = v_ape_allsectors - v_ape_realsectors);
+TSSDESCSTUB2(_tss, _tss, _tss_end ? _tss_end - _tss - 1 : 0);
 #endif

 /* ZIP End of Central Directory header */
@@ -653,7 +855,7 @@ CHURN(ADDR(.bss));
 CHURN(_start);
 CHURN(ape_phdrs);
 #if SupportsMetal()
-CHURN(v_ape_realsectors);
+CHURN(v_ape_allsectors);
 #endif
 #if SupportsXnu()
 CHURN(ape_macho);
@@ -717,7 +919,7 @@ ASSERT(IS2POW(ape_stack_memsz),
       "ape_stack_memsz must be a two power");

 ASSERT(ape_stack_vaddr % ape_stack_memsz == 0,
-       "ape_stack_vaddr must have ape_stack_memsz alignment; try using STATIC_STACK_ADDR(0x700000040000 - ape_stack_memsz);");
+       "ape_stack_vaddr must have ape_stack_memsz alignment; try using STATIC_STACK_ADDR(0x700000040000 & -ape_stack_memsz);");

 ASSERT(ALIGNOF(.tdata) <= TLS_ALIGNMENT && ALIGNOF(.tbss) <= TLS_ALIGNMENT,
       "_Thread_local _Alignof can't exceed TLS_ALIGNMENT");
@@ -96,6 +96,17 @@ o/ape/idata.inc:				\
 		ape/idata.internal.h		\
 		ape/relocations.h

+o/$(MODE)/ape/ape.o:				\
+		ape/blink-aarch64.gz		\
+		ape/blink-arm.gz		\
+		ape/blink-darwin-arm64.gz	\
+		ape/blink-i486.gz		\
+		ape/blink-mipsel.gz		\
+		ape/blink-powerpc.gz		\
+		ape/blink-powerpc64le.gz	\
+		ape/blink-riscv64.gz		\
+		ape/blink-s390x.gz
+
 o/$(MODE)/ape/ape-no-modify-self.o:		\
 		ape/ape.S			\
 		ape/macros.internal.h		\
@@ -107,6 +118,7 @@ o/$(MODE)/ape/ape-no-modify-self.o:		\
 		libc/macho.internal.h		\
 		libc/macros.internal.h		\
 		libc/nexgen32e/uart.internal.h	\
+		libc/calls/metalfile.internal.h	\
 		libc/nexgen32e/vidya.internal.h	\
 		libc/nt/pedef.internal.h	\
 		libc/runtime/e820.internal.h	\
@@ -114,6 +126,15 @@ o/$(MODE)/ape/ape-no-modify-self.o:		\
 		libc/runtime/pc.internal.h	\
 		libc/runtime/symbolic.h		\
 		libc/sysv/consts/prot.h		\
+		ape/blink-aarch64.gz		\
+		ape/blink-arm.gz		\
+		ape/blink-darwin-arm64.gz	\
+		ape/blink-i486.gz		\
+		ape/blink-mipsel.gz		\
+		ape/blink-powerpc.gz		\
+		ape/blink-powerpc64le.gz	\
+		ape/blink-riscv64.gz		\
+		ape/blink-s390x.gz		\
 		o/$(MODE)/ape/ape.elf
 	@$(COMPILE)				\
 		-AOBJECTIFY.S			\
@@ -133,13 +154,23 @@ o/$(MODE)/ape/ape-copy-self.o:			\
 		libc/macho.internal.h		\
 		libc/macros.internal.h		\
 		libc/nexgen32e/uart.internal.h	\
+		libc/calls/metalfile.internal.h	\
 		libc/nexgen32e/vidya.internal.h	\
 		libc/nt/pedef.internal.h	\
 		libc/runtime/e820.internal.h	\
 		libc/runtime/mman.internal.h	\
 		libc/runtime/pc.internal.h	\
 		libc/runtime/symbolic.h		\
-		libc/sysv/consts/prot.h
+		libc/sysv/consts/prot.h		\
+		ape/blink-aarch64.gz		\
+		ape/blink-arm.gz		\
+		ape/blink-darwin-arm64.gz	\
+		ape/blink-i486.gz		\
+		ape/blink-mipsel.gz		\
+		ape/blink-powerpc.gz		\
+		ape/blink-powerpc64le.gz	\
+		ape/blink-riscv64.gz		\
+		ape/blink-s390x.gz
 	@$(COMPILE)				\
 		-AOBJECTIFY.S			\
 		$(OBJECTIFY.S)			\
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #!/bin/sh

-if [ $UID -eq 0 ]; then
+if [ "$(id -u)" -eq 0 ]; then
  SUDO=
 else
  SUDO=sudo
@@ -97,6 +97,8 @@ if [ x"$(uname -s)" = xLinux ]; then
  echo you may need to edit configs to persist across reboot >&2
  echo '$SUDO sh -c "echo '"'"':APE:M::MZqFpD::/usr/bin/ape:'"'"' >/proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc/register"' >&2
  $SUDO sh -c "echo ':APE:M::MZqFpD::/usr/bin/ape:' >/proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc/register" || exit
+  echo '$SUDO sh -c "echo '"'"':APE-jart:M::jartsr::/usr/bin/ape:'"'"' >/proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc/register"' >&2
+  $SUDO sh -c "echo ':APE-jart:M::jartsr::/usr/bin/ape:' >/proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc/register" || exit
  echo done >&2

  if [ x"$(cat /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc/status)" = xdisabled ]; then
@@ -8,17 +8,19 @@ fi

 {
  echo
-  echo "APE Uninstaller intends to run"
+  echo "APE Uninstaller intends to run (in pseudo-shell)"
  echo
-  echo "    $SUDO sh -c 'echo -1 >/proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc/APE'"
-  echo "    $SUDO rm -f /usr/bin/ape ~/.ape o/tmp/.ape /tmp/.ape"
+  echo "    sudo echo -1 into /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc/APE*"
+  echo "    sudo rm -f /usr/bin/ape ~/.ape o/tmp/.ape /tmp/.ape"
  echo
  echo "You may then use ape/apeinstall.sh to reinstall it"
  echo
 } >&2

 set -ex
-if [ -f /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc/APE ]; then
-  $SUDO sh -c 'echo -1 >/proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc/APE' || exit
-fi
+for f in /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc/APE*; do
+  if [ -f $f ]; then
+    $SUDO sh -c "echo -1 >$f" || exit
+  fi
+done
 $SUDO rm -f /usr/bin/ape ~/.ape o/tmp/.ape o/tmp/ape /tmp/.ape /tmp/ape || exit
@@ -175,7 +175,7 @@ macho:	.long	0xFEEDFACE+1
 510:	.quad	0				# rax
 	.quad	0				# rbx
 	.quad	0				# rcx
-	.quad	XNU				# rdx
+	.quad	_HOSTXNU			# rdx
 	.quad	0				# rdi
 	.quad	0				# rsi
 	.quad	0				# rbp
@@ -221,7 +221,7 @@ _start:
 	jne	0f
 	cmp	$+1,%edx
 	jne	0f
-	mov	$XNU,%dl
+	mov	$_HOSTXNU,%dl
 	xor	%ecx,%ecx

 0:	mov	%rsp,%rsi
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ macho:	.long	0xFEEDFACE+1
 510:	.quad	0				# rax
 	.quad	0				# rbx
 	.quad	0				# rcx
-	.quad	XNU				# rdx
+	.quad	_HOSTXNU			# rdx
 	.quad	0				# rdi
 	.quad	0				# rsi
 	.quad	0				# rbp
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ _start:
 	jne	0f
 	cmp	$+1,%edx
 	jne	0f
-	mov	$XNU,%dl
+	mov	$_HOSTXNU,%dl
 	xor	%ecx,%ecx

 0:	mov	%rsp,%rsi
@@ -180,6 +180,20 @@
 .stub	\name\()_bcs\n,long
 .endm

+//	Task State Segment Descriptor Entries.
+.macro	.tssdescstub name:req
+ .ifndef \name
+  .weak	\name
+  .set	\name,0
+ .endif
+ .ifndef \name\()_end
+  .weak	\name\()_end
+  .set	\name\()_end,0
+ .endif
+ .stub	\name\()_desc_ent0,quad
+ .stub	\name\()_desc_ent1,quad
+.endm
+
 /* clang-format on */
 #elif defined(__LINKER__)

@@ -257,5 +271,22 @@
                       (X) % 10 * 0x1000000        \
                     : 0xffffffffffffffff)

+/**
+ * Laying out the GDT entries for a TSS for bare metal operation.
+ */
+#define TSSDESCSTUB2(SYM, BASE, LIM)                 \
+  HIDDEN(SYM##_desc_ent0 = TSSDESC_ENT0(BASE, LIM)); \
+  HIDDEN(SYM##_desc_ent1 = TSSDESC_ENT1(BASE));      \
+  ASSERT((LIM) >= 0 && (LIM) <= 0xffff, "bare metal TSS is suspiciously fat")
+#define TSSDESC_ENT0(BASE, LIM)                \
+  (((LIM)        <<  0 & 0x000000000000ffff) | \
+   ((BASE)       << 16 & 0x000000ffffff0000) | \
+    0x89         << 40                       | \
+   ((LIM)  >> 16 << 48 & 0x000f000000000000) | \
+    0x2          << 52                       | \
+   ((BASE) >> 24 << 56 & 0xff00000000000000))
+#define TSSDESC_ENT1(BASE)                     \
+   ((BASE) >> 32 <<  0 & 0x00000000ffffffff)
+
 #endif /* __ASSEMBLER__ */
 #endif /* APE_MACROS_H_ */
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+#ifndef COSMOPOLITAN_APE_SECTIONS_INTERNAL_H_
+#define COSMOPOLITAN_APE_SECTIONS_INTERNAL_H_
+#if !(__ASSEMBLER__ + __LINKER__ + 0)
+COSMOPOLITAN_C_START_
+
+extern unsigned char _base[];
+extern unsigned char _ehead[];
+extern unsigned char _etext[];
+extern unsigned char _edata[];
+extern unsigned char _ezip[];
+extern unsigned char _end[];
+extern unsigned char _ereal[];
+extern unsigned char _tdata_start[];
+extern unsigned char _tdata_end[];
+extern unsigned char _tbss_start[];
+extern unsigned char _tbss_end[];
+extern unsigned char __privileged_start[];
+extern unsigned char __privileged_addr[];
+extern unsigned char __privileged_size[];
+extern unsigned char __privileged_end[];
+extern unsigned char __test_start[];
+extern unsigned char __ro[];
+extern unsigned char *__relo_start[];
+extern unsigned char *__relo_end[];
+extern uint8_t __zip_start[];
+extern uint8_t __zip_end[];
+extern uint8_t __data_start[];
+extern uint8_t __data_end[];
+extern uint8_t __bss_start[];
+extern uint8_t __bss_end[];
+
+COSMOPOLITAN_C_END_
+#endif /* !(__ASSEMBLER__ + __LINKER__ + 0) */
+#endif /* COSMOPOLITAN_APE_SECTIONS_INTERNAL_H_ */
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ endif
 #
 ifeq ($(MODE),fastbuild)
 CONFIG_CCFLAGS += $(BACKTRACES) $(FTRACE) -O
-CONFIG_CPPFLAGS += -DSYSDEBUG
+CONFIG_CPPFLAGS += -DSYSDEBUG -DDWARFLESS
 CONFIG_OFLAGS += -g0
 CONFIG_LDFLAGS += -S
 TARGET_ARCH ?= -msse3
@@ -125,6 +125,22 @@ TARGET_ARCH ?= -msse3
 OVERRIDE_CCFLAGS += -fno-pie
 endif

+# System Five Mode
+#
+#   - `make MODE=sysv`
+#   - Optimized
+#   - Backtraces
+#   - Debuggable
+#   - Syscall tracing
+#   - Function tracing
+#   - No Windows bloat!
+#
+ifeq ($(MODE), sysv)
+CONFIG_CCFLAGS += $(BACKTRACES) $(FTRACE) -O2
+CONFIG_CPPFLAGS += -DSYSDEBUG -DSUPPORT_VECTOR=121
+TARGET_ARCH ?= -msse3
+endif
+
 # Tiny Mode
 #
 #   - `make MODE=tiny`
@@ -151,7 +167,8 @@ CONFIG_CCFLAGS +=			\
 	-fschedule-insns2		\
 	-fomit-frame-pointer		\
 	-momit-leaf-frame-pointer	\
-	-foptimize-sibling-calls
+	-foptimize-sibling-calls	\
+	-DDWARFLESS
 CONFIG_OFLAGS +=			\
 	-g0
 CONFIG_LDFLAGS +=			\
@@ -181,7 +198,8 @@ CONFIG_CPPFLAGS +=			\
 	-DTINY				\
 	-DNDEBUG			\
 	-DTRUSTWORTHY			\
-	-DSUPPORT_VECTOR=1
+	-DSUPPORT_VECTOR=1		\
+	-DDWARFLESS
 DEFAULT_COPTS +=			\
 	-mred-zone
 CONFIG_OFLAGS +=			\
@@ -217,7 +235,8 @@ CONFIG_CPPFLAGS +=		\
 	-DTINY			\
 	-DNDEBUG		\
 	-DTRUSTWORTHY		\
-	-DSUPPORT_VECTOR=113
+	-DSUPPORT_VECTOR=113	\
+	-DDWARFLESS
 DEFAULT_COPTS +=		\
 	-mred-zone
 CONFIG_OFLAGS +=		\
@@ -252,7 +271,8 @@ CONFIG_CPPFLAGS +=		\
 	-DTINY			\
 	-DNDEBUG		\
 	-DTRUSTWORTHY		\
-	-DSUPPORT_VECTOR=121
+	-DSUPPORT_VECTOR=121	\
+	-DDWARFLESS
 DEFAULT_COPTS +=		\
 	-mred-zone
 CONFIG_CCFLAGS +=		\
@@ -287,7 +307,8 @@ CONFIG_CPPFLAGS +=		\
 	-DTINY			\
 	-DNDEBUG		\
 	-DTRUSTWORTHY		\
-	-DSUPPORT_VECTOR=251
+	-DSUPPORT_VECTOR=251	\
+	-DDWARFLESS
 CONFIG_CCFLAGS +=		\
 	-Os			\
 	-fno-align-functions	\
@@ -45,7 +45,6 @@
 LC_ALL = C
 SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH = 0

-TAGS ?= /usr/bin/ctags  # emacs source builds or something breaks it
 ARFLAGS = rcsD
 ZFLAGS ?=
 XARGS ?= xargs -P4 -rs8000
@@ -73,33 +72,25 @@ IMAGE_BASE_VIRTUAL ?= 0x400000
 IGNORE := $(shell $(ECHO) -2 ♥cosmo)
 IGNORE := $(shell $(MKDIR) o/tmp)

-ifneq ("$(wildcard o/third_party/gcc/bin/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-as.exe)","")
-AS = o/third_party/gcc/bin/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-as.exe
-CC = o/third_party/gcc/bin/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-gcc.exe
-CXX = o/third_party/gcc/bin/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-g++.exe
-CXXFILT = o/third_party/gcc/bin/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-c++filt.exe
-LD = o/third_party/gcc/bin/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-ld.bfd.exe
-NM = o/third_party/gcc/bin/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-nm.exe
-GCC = o/third_party/gcc/bin/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-gcc.exe
-STRIP = o/third_party/gcc/bin/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-strip.exe
-OBJCOPY = o/third_party/gcc/bin/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-objcopy.exe
-OBJDUMP = o/third_party/gcc/bin/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-objdump.exe
-ADDR2LINE = $(PWD)/o/third_party/gcc/bin/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-addr2line.exe
+ifneq ("$(wildcard o/third_party/gcc/bin/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-*)","")
+PREFIX = o/third_party/gcc/bin/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-
 else
 IGNORE := $(shell build/bootstrap/unbundle.com)
-AS = o/third_party/gcc/bin/x86_64-linux-musl-as
-CC = o/third_party/gcc/bin/x86_64-linux-musl-gcc
-CXX = o/third_party/gcc/bin/x86_64-linux-musl-g++
-CXXFILT = o/third_party/gcc/bin/x86_64-linux-musl-c++filt
-LD = o/third_party/gcc/bin/x86_64-linux-musl-ld.bfd
-NM = o/third_party/gcc/bin/x86_64-linux-musl-nm
-GCC = o/third_party/gcc/bin/x86_64-linux-musl-gcc
-STRIP = o/third_party/gcc/bin/x86_64-linux-musl-strip
-OBJCOPY = o/third_party/gcc/bin/x86_64-linux-musl-objcopy
-OBJDUMP = o/third_party/gcc/bin/x86_64-linux-musl-objdump
-ADDR2LINE = $(PWD)/o/third_party/gcc/bin/x86_64-linux-musl-addr2line
+PREFIX = o/third_party/gcc/bin/x86_64-linux-musl-
 endif

+AS = $(PREFIX)as
+CC = $(PREFIX)gcc
+CXX = $(PREFIX)g++
+CXXFILT = $(PREFIX)c++filt
+LD = $(PREFIX)ld.bfd
+NM = $(PREFIX)nm
+GCC = $(PREFIX)gcc
+STRIP = $(PREFIX)strip
+OBJCOPY = $(PREFIX)objcopy
+OBJDUMP = $(PREFIX)objdump
+ADDR2LINE = $(PWD)/$(PREFIX)addr2line
+
 export ADDR2LINE
 export LC_ALL
 export MKDIR
@@ -43,6 +43,9 @@
 #     '(progn
 #        (add-hook 'c-mode-common-hook 'jart-c-mode-common-hook)))

+TAGS="$1"
+shift
+
 # ctags doesn't understand atomics, e.g.
 #   extern char **environ;
 set -- --regex-c='/_Atomic(\([^)]*\))/\1/b' "$@"
@@ -63,7 +66,7 @@ set -- --regex-c='/^extern [^(]*(\*const \([^)]*\))(/\1/b' "$@"
 #   struct WorstSoftwareEver;
 set -- --regex-c='/^struct.*;$/uehocruehcroue/b' "$@"

-exec ${TAGS:-ctags}                                               \
+exec $TAGS                                                        \
     -e                                                           \
     --langmap=c:.c.h                                             \
     --exclude=libc/nt/struct/imagefileheader.internal.h          \
@@ -7,12 +7,12 @@
 │   • http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/            │
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
 #endif
-#include "libc/intrin/bits.h"
 #include "libc/dce.h"
+#include "libc/intrin/bits.h"
+#include "libc/intrin/kprintf.h"
 #include "libc/log/log.h"
 #include "libc/mem/mem.h"
 #include "libc/runtime/runtime.h"
-#include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
 #include "libc/str/str.h"

 /**
@@ -59,9 +59,15 @@

 int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
  if (!IsAsan()) {
-    printf("this example is intended for MODE=asan or MODE=dbg\n");
+    kprintf("this example is intended for MODE=asan or MODE=dbg\n");
    exit(1);
  }
+
+  kprintf("----------------\n");
+  kprintf(" THIS IS A TEST \n");
+  kprintf("SIMULATING CRASH\n");
+  kprintf("----------------\n");
+
  char *buffer;
  ShowCrashReports(); /* not needed but yoinks appropriate symbols */
  buffer = malloc(13);
@@ -20,22 +20,22 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
  volatile unsigned long x;
  struct timespec now, start, next, interval;
  printf("hammering the cpu...\n");
-  next = start = _timespec_mono();
-  interval = _timespec_frommillis(500);
-  next = _timespec_add(next, interval);
+  next = start = timespec_mono();
+  interval = timespec_frommillis(500);
+  next = timespec_add(next, interval);
  for (;;) {
    for (i = 0;; ++i) {
      x *= 7;
      if (!(i % 256)) {
-        now = _timespec_mono();
-        if (_timespec_gte(now, next)) {
+        now = timespec_mono();
+        if (timespec_cmp(now, next) >= 0) {
          break;
        }
      }
    }
-    next = _timespec_add(next, interval);
+    next = timespec_add(next, interval);
    printf("consumed %10g seconds monotonic time and %10g seconds cpu time\n",
-           _timespec_tonanos(_timespec_sub(now, start)) / 1000000000.,
+           timespec_tonanos(timespec_sub(now, start)) / 1000000000.,
           (double)clock() / CLOCKS_PER_SEC);
  }
 }
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ void show(int clock) {
  }
  shown[n++] = clock;
  if (clock_getres(clock, &ts) != -1) {
-    kprintf("%s %'ld ns\n", DescribeClockName(clock), _timespec_tonanos(ts));
+    kprintf("%s %'ld ns\n", DescribeClockName(clock), timespec_tonanos(ts));
  } else {
    kprintf("%s %s\n", DescribeClockName(clock), _strerrno(errno));
  }
@@ -38,10 +38,12 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
  show(CLOCK_REALTIME);
  show(CLOCK_REALTIME_FAST);
  show(CLOCK_REALTIME_PRECISE);
+  show(CLOCK_REALTIME_COARSE);
  show(CLOCK_MONOTONIC);
  show(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW);
  show(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_FAST);
  show(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_PRECISE);
+  show(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_COARSE);
  show(CLOCK_PROCESS_CPUTIME_ID);
  show(CLOCK_THREAD_CPUTIME_ID);
  show(CLOCK_PROF);
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 │   • http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/            │
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
 #endif
+#include "libc/intrin/kprintf.h"
 #include "libc/log/log.h"
 #include "libc/runtime/symbols.internal.h"

@@ -24,6 +25,12 @@
 */

 noubsan int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
+
+  kprintf("----------------\n");
+  kprintf(" THIS IS A TEST \n");
+  kprintf("SIMULATING CRASH\n");
+  kprintf("----------------\n");
+
  volatile int64_t x;
  ShowCrashReports();
  return 1 / (x = 0);
@@ -49,12 +49,12 @@ EXAMPLES_DIRECTDEPS =								\
 	LIBC_LOG								\
 	LIBC_MEM								\
 	LIBC_NEXGEN32E								\
+	LIBC_NT_ADVAPI32							\
 	LIBC_NT_IPHLPAPI							\
 	LIBC_NT_KERNEL32							\
 	LIBC_NT_NTDLL								\
 	LIBC_NT_USER32								\
 	LIBC_NT_WS2_32								\
-	LIBC_NT_ADVAPI32							\
 	LIBC_RUNTIME								\
 	LIBC_SOCK								\
 	LIBC_STDIO								\
@@ -71,19 +71,24 @@ EXAMPLES_DIRECTDEPS =								\
 	LIBC_ZIPOS								\
 	NET_HTTP								\
 	NET_HTTPS								\
+	THIRD_PARTY_AWK								\
 	THIRD_PARTY_COMPILER_RT							\
 	THIRD_PARTY_DLMALLOC							\
+	THIRD_PARTY_DOUBLECONVERSION						\
 	THIRD_PARTY_GDTOA							\
 	THIRD_PARTY_GETOPT							\
 	THIRD_PARTY_LIBCXX							\
 	THIRD_PARTY_LINENOISE							\
 	THIRD_PARTY_LUA								\
+	THIRD_PARTY_HIREDIS							\
 	THIRD_PARTY_MBEDTLS							\
 	THIRD_PARTY_MUSL							\
 	THIRD_PARTY_NSYNC							\
 	THIRD_PARTY_NSYNC_MEM							\
 	THIRD_PARTY_QUICKJS							\
+	THIRD_PARTY_SED								\
 	THIRD_PARTY_STB								\
+	THIRD_PARTY_TR								\
 	THIRD_PARTY_XED								\
 	THIRD_PARTY_ZLIB							\
 	TOOL_BUILD_LIB								\
@@ -142,6 +147,25 @@ o/$(MODE)/examples/nesemu1.com.dbg:						\
 		$(EXAMPLES_BOOTLOADER)
 	@$(APELINK)

+# # force symtab.com to be a zip file, by pulling a zip asset into linkage
+# # we wouldn't need to do this if we depended on functions like localtime
+# o/$(MODE)/examples/symtab.com.dbg:						\
+# 		$(EXAMPLES_DEPS)						\
+# 		o/$(MODE)/examples/symtab.o					\
+# 		o/$(MODE)/examples/symtab.c.zip.o				\
+# 		o/$(MODE)/examples/examples.pkg					\
+# 		$(EXAMPLES_BOOTLOADER)
+# 	@$(APELINK)
+
+# modify .com so it can read the symbol table without needing the .com.dbg file
+o/$(MODE)/examples/symtab.com:							\
+		o/$(MODE)/examples/symtab.com.dbg				\
+		o/$(MODE)/third_party/zip/zip.com				\
+		o/$(MODE)/tool/build/symtab.com
+	@$(MAKE_OBJCOPY)
+	@$(MAKE_SYMTAB_CREATE)
+	@$(MAKE_SYMTAB_ZIP)
+
 o/$(MODE)/examples/picol.o: private				\
 		OVERRIDE_CPPFLAGS +=				\
 			-DSTACK_FRAME_UNLIMITED
@@ -9,19 +9,12 @@
 #endif
 #include "libc/calls/calls.h"
 #include "libc/log/check.h"
-#include "libc/log/log.h"
-#include "libc/nt/nt/process.h"
-#include "libc/mem/gc.h"
-#include "libc/runtime/memtrack.internal.h"
-#include "libc/runtime/runtime.h"
 #include "libc/stdio/rand.h"
 #include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
-#include "libc/time/time.h"
-#include "libc/x/x.h"

 dontinline void dostuff(const char *s) {
  int i, us;
-  srand(rand64()); /* seeds rand() w/ intel rdrnd, auxv, etc. */
+  srand(_rand64()); /* seeds rand() w/ intel rdrnd, auxv, etc. */
  for (i = 0; i < 5; ++i) {
    us = rand() % 500000;
    usleep(us);
@@ -8,8 +8,8 @@
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
 #endif
 #include "libc/intrin/kprintf.h"
-#include "libc/runtime/sysconf.h"
+#include "libc/runtime/runtime.h"

 int main() {
-  kprintf("%d\n", GetCpuCount());
+  kprintf("%d\n", _getcpucount());
 }
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 │   • http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/            │
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
 #endif
+#include "ape/sections.internal.h"
 #include "libc/calls/calls.h"
 #include "libc/calls/struct/sigaction.h"
 #include "libc/errno.h"
@@ -102,7 +103,7 @@ uint64_t rngset64(void) {
  static unsigned i;
  static uint64_t s;
  if (!i) {
-    s = rand64();
+    s = _rand64();
    i = (s + 1) & (511);
  }
  return MarsagliaXorshift64(&s);
@@ -215,7 +216,7 @@ const struct Function {
    {"moby", moby},              //
    {"mt19937", _mt19937},       //
    {"python", pythonx2},        //
-    {"rand64", rand64},          //
+    {"rand64", _rand64},         //
    {"rdrand", rdrand},          //
    {"rdrnd", rdrand},           //
    {"rdseed", rdseed},          //
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@
 #include "libc/runtime/internal.h"
 #include "libc/runtime/runtime.h"
 #include "libc/runtime/stack.h"
-#include "libc/runtime/sysconf.h"
 #include "libc/sock/sock.h"
 #include "libc/sock/struct/pollfd.h"
 #include "libc/sock/struct/sockaddr.h"
@@ -137,7 +136,7 @@ void *Worker(void *id) {
  setsockopt(server, SOL_TCP, TCP_QUICKACK, &yes, sizeof(yes));
  errno = 0;

-  if (bind(server, &addr, sizeof(addr)) == -1) {
+  if (bind(server, (struct sockaddr *)&addr, sizeof(addr)) == -1) {
    kprintf("%s() failed %m\n", "socket");
    goto CloseWorker;
  }
@@ -167,7 +166,7 @@ void *Worker(void *id) {

    // wait for client connection
    clientaddrsize = sizeof(clientaddr);
-    client = accept(server, &clientaddr, &clientaddrsize);
+    client = accept(server, (struct sockaddr *)&clientaddr, &clientaddrsize);

    // accept() can raise a very diverse number of errors but none of
    // them are really true showstoppers that would necessitate us to
@@ -299,7 +298,7 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
            PORT);
  }

-  threads = argc > 1 ? atoi(argv[1]) : GetCpuCount();
+  threads = argc > 1 ? atoi(argv[1]) : _getcpucount();
  if (!(1 <= threads && threads <= 100000)) {
    kprintf("error: invalid number of threads: %d\n", threads);
    exit(1);
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+#if 0
+/*─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╗
+│ To the extent possible under law, Justine Tunney has waived      │
+│ all copyright and related or neighboring rights to this file,    │
+│ as it is written in the following disclaimers:                   │
+│   • http://unlicense.org/                                        │
+│   • http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/            │
+╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#endif
+#include "libc/runtime/runtime.h"
+#include "libc/fmt/conv.h"
+#include "libc/fmt/fmt.h"
+#include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
+#include "libc/str/str.h"
+#include "third_party/hiredis/hiredis.h"
+
+/**
+ * @fileoverview Demo of using hiredis to connect to a Redis server
+ */
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
+  if (argc < 3 || argc > 5) {
+    fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s HOST PORT [KEY] [VALUE]\n", argv[0]);
+    exit(1);
+  }
+
+  bool setValue = (argc == 5), getValue = (argc == 4);
+
+  redisContext *c = redisConnect(argv[1], atoi(argv[2]));
+  if (c == NULL || c->err) {
+    if (c) {
+      fprintf(stderr, "Connection error: %s\n", c->errstr);
+      redisFree(c);
+    } else {
+      fputs("Failed to allocate redis context\n", stderr);
+    }
+    exit(1);
+  }
+
+  redisReply *reply;
+  if (!setValue && !getValue) {
+    reply = redisCommand(c, "PING");
+    printf("PING: %s\n", reply->str);
+  } else if (setValue) {
+    reply = redisCommand(c, "SET %s %s", argv[3], argv[4]);
+    printf("SET: %s\n", reply->str);
+  } else {
+    reply = redisCommand(c, "GET %s", argv[3]);
+    printf("GET: %s\n", reply->str);
+  }
+
+  freeReplyObject(reply);
+  redisFree(c);
+  return 0;
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+#if 0
+/*─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╗
+│ To the extent possible under law, Justine Tunney has waived      │
+│ all copyright and related or neighboring rights to this file,    │
+│ as it is written in the following disclaimers:                   │
+│   • http://unlicense.org/                                        │
+│   • http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/            │
+╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#endif
+#include "libc/assert.h"
+#include "libc/calls/struct/timespec.h"
+#include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
+#include "libc/sysv/consts/clock.h"
+
+/**
+ * @fileoverview shows how accurate clock_nanosleep() is
+ */
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
+  long i, ns;
+  struct timespec x, y, w;
+  timespec_sleep(timespec_fromnanos(0));  // warmup
+
+  printf("\nrelative sleep\n");
+  for (i = 0; i < 28; ++i) {
+    ns = 1l << i;
+    x = timespec_real();
+    timespec_sleep(timespec_fromnanos(ns));
+    y = timespec_real();
+    printf("%,11ld ns sleep took %,ld ns\n", ns,
+           timespec_tonanos(timespec_sub(y, x)));
+  }
+
+  printf("\nabsolute sleep\n");
+  for (i = 0; i < 28; ++i) {
+    ns = 1l << i;
+    x = timespec_real();
+    timespec_sleep_until(timespec_add(x, timespec_fromnanos(ns)));
+    y = timespec_real();
+    printf("%,11ld ns sleep took %,ld ns\n", ns,
+           timespec_tonanos(timespec_sub(y, x)));
+  }
+}
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@
 #include "third_party/libcxx/vector"
 #include "tool/viz/lib/knobs.h"

-STATIC_YOINK("zip_uri_support");
+STATIC_YOINK("zipos");

 #define USAGE \
  " [ROM] [FMV]\n\
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 │   • http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/            │
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
 #endif
+#include "ape/sections.internal.h"
 #include "libc/dce.h"
 #include "libc/runtime/runtime.h"
 #include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
@@ -0,0 +1,127 @@
+#if 0
+/*─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╗
+│ To the extent possible under law, Justine Tunney has waived      │
+│ all copyright and related or neighboring rights to this file,    │
+│ as it is written in the following disclaimers:                   │
+│   • http://unlicense.org/                                        │
+│   • http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/            │
+╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#endif
+#include "libc/assert.h"
+#include "libc/calls/calls.h"
+#include "libc/calls/struct/timeval.h"
+#include "libc/errno.h"
+#include "libc/fmt/conv.h"
+#include "libc/fmt/fmt.h"
+#include "libc/mem/alloca.h"
+#include "libc/runtime/runtime.h"
+#include "libc/sock/sock.h"
+#include "libc/sock/struct/sockaddr.h"
+#include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
+#include "libc/str/str.h"
+#include "libc/sysv/consts/af.h"
+#include "libc/sysv/consts/ipproto.h"
+#include "libc/sysv/consts/so.h"
+#include "libc/sysv/consts/sock.h"
+#include "libc/sysv/consts/sol.h"
+#include "net/http/ip.h"
+
+/**
+ * @fileoverview fast local network port scanner, e.g.
+ *
+ *     make -j8 o//examples/portscan.com
+ *     o//examples/portscan.com 10.10.10.0/24 22
+ */
+
+const char *FormatIp(char buf[16], uint32_t ip) {
+  snprintf(buf, 16, "%hhu.%hhu.%hhu.%hhu", ip >> 24, ip >> 16, ip >> 8, ip);
+  return buf;
+}
+
+#define FormatIp(x) FormatIp(alloca(16), x)
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
+  int port;
+  struct Cidr in;
+  uint32_t netmask;
+  const char *status;
+  struct timeval timeout;
+  uint32_t network_address;
+  uint32_t last_host_address;
+  uint32_t first_host_address;
+
+  if (argc != 3) {
+  PrintUsage:
+    fprintf(stderr,
+            "usage:   %s IP/CIDR PORT\n"
+            "example: %s 192.168.0.0/24 22\n",
+            argv[0], argv[0]);
+    return 1;
+  }
+
+  in = ParseCidr(argv[1], -1);
+  if (in.addr == -1) {
+    fprintf(stderr, "error: bad ip/cidr\n");
+    goto PrintUsage;
+  }
+
+  port = atoi(argv[2]);
+  if (!(1 <= port && port <= 65535)) {
+    fprintf(stderr, "error: bad port\n");
+    goto PrintUsage;
+  }
+
+  if (in.cidr > 30) {
+    fprintf(stderr, "error: maximum supported cidr is 30\n");
+    goto PrintUsage;
+  }
+
+  if (in.cidr < 22) {
+    fprintf(stderr, "error: minimum cidr support right now is 22\n");
+    goto PrintUsage;
+  }
+
+  netmask = -1u << (32 - in.cidr);
+  network_address = in.addr & netmask;
+  first_host_address = network_address + 1;
+  last_host_address = (network_address | ~netmask) - 1;
+
+  assert(last_host_address > first_host_address);
+  assert(last_host_address - first_host_address < 1024);
+
+  fprintf(stderr, "scanning %s through %s\n", FormatIp(first_host_address),
+          FormatIp(last_host_address));
+
+  timeout = timeval_frommillis(100);
+  for (int64_t ip = first_host_address; ip <= last_host_address; ++ip) {
+    if (!fork()) {
+      socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP);
+      setsockopt(3, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVTIMEO, &timeout, sizeof(timeout));
+      setsockopt(3, SOL_SOCKET, SO_SNDTIMEO, &timeout, sizeof(timeout));
+      if (!connect(3,
+                   (struct sockaddr *)&(struct sockaddr_in){
+                       .sin_family = AF_INET,
+                       .sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(ip),
+                       .sin_port = htons(port),
+                   },
+                   sizeof(struct sockaddr_in))) {
+        status = "open";
+      } else if (errno == ECONNREFUSED) {
+        status = "closed";
+      } else if (errno != EINPROGRESS) {
+        status = _strerrno(errno);
+      } else {
+        status = 0;
+      }
+      if (status) {
+        printf("%-15s %s\n", FormatIp(ip), status);
+      }
+      _Exit(0);
+    }
+  }
+  for (;;) {
+    if (wait(0) == -1 && errno == ECHILD) {
+      break;
+    }
+  }
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+#if 0
+/*─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╗
+│ To the extent possible under law, Justine Tunney has waived      │
+│ all copyright and related or neighboring rights to this file,    │
+│ as it is written in the following disclaimers:                   │
+│   • http://unlicense.org/                                        │
+│   • http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/            │
+╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#endif
+#include "libc/calls/calls.h"
+#include "libc/runtime/runtime.h"
+#include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
+#include "libc/str/str.h"
+#include "libc/sysv/consts/reboot.h"
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
+  char line[8] = {0};
+  if (argc > 1 && !strcmp(argv[1], "-y")) {
+    line[0] = 'y';
+  } else {
+    printf("reboot your computer? yes or no [no] ");
+    fflush(stdout);
+    fgets(line, sizeof(line), stdin);
+  }
+  if (line[0] == 'y' || line[0] == 'Y') {
+    if (reboot(RB_AUTOBOOT)) {
+      printf("system is rebooting...\n");
+      exit(0);
+    } else {
+      perror("reboot");
+      exit(1);
+    }
+  } else if (line[0] == 'n' || line[0] == 'N') {
+    exit(0);
+  } else {
+    printf("error: unrecognized response\n");
+    exit(2);
+  }
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+#if 0
+/*─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╗
+│ To the extent possible under law, Justine Tunney has waived      │
+│ all copyright and related or neighboring rights to this file,    │
+│ as it is written in the following disclaimers:                   │
+│   • http://unlicense.org/                                        │
+│   • http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/            │
+╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#endif
+#include "libc/calls/calls.h"
+#include "libc/runtime/runtime.h"
+#include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
+#include "libc/str/str.h"
+#include "libc/sysv/consts/reboot.h"
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
+  char line[8] = {0};
+  if (argc > 1 && !strcmp(argv[1], "-y")) {
+    line[0] = 'y';
+  } else {
+    printf("shutdown your computer? yes or no [no] ");
+    fflush(stdout);
+    fgets(line, sizeof(line), stdin);
+  }
+  if (line[0] == 'y' || line[0] == 'Y') {
+    if (reboot(RB_POWER_OFF)) {
+      printf("system is shutting down...\n");
+      exit(0);
+    } else {
+      perror("reboot");
+      exit(1);
+    }
+  } else if (line[0] == 'n' || line[0] == 'N') {
+    exit(0);
+  } else {
+    printf("error: unrecognized response\n");
+    exit(2);
+  }
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+#if 0
+/*─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╗
+│ To the extent possible under law, Justine Tunney has waived      │
+│ all copyright and related or neighboring rights to this file,    │
+│ as it is written in the following disclaimers:                   │
+│   • http://unlicense.org/                                        │
+│   • http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/            │
+╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#endif
+#include "libc/intrin/kprintf.h"
+#include "libc/log/log.h"
+
+/**
+ * @fileoverview example of how to embed symbol table in .com file
+ *
+ *     # build our binary
+ *     make -j16 o//examples/symtab.com
+ *
+ *     # move binary somewhere else
+ *     # so it can't find the .com.dbg binary
+ *     cp o//examples/symtab.com /tmp
+ *
+ *     # run program
+ *     # notice that it has a symbolic backtrace
+ *     /tmp/symtab.com
+ *
+ * @see examples/examples.mk
+ */
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
+
+  // this links all the debugging and zip functionality
+  ShowCrashReports();
+
+  kprintf("----------------\n");
+  kprintf(" THIS IS A TEST \n");
+  kprintf("SIMULATING CRASH\n");
+  kprintf("----------------\n");
+
+  volatile int64_t x;
+  return 1 / (x = 0);
+}
@@ -7,13 +7,20 @@
 │   • http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/            │
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
 #endif
-#include "libc/dce.h"
+#include "libc/runtime/runtime.h"
 #include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"

+/**
+ * @fileoverview Cosmopolitan Command Interpreter Demo
+ * Yes this works on Windows.
+ */
+
+STATIC_YOINK("_tr");
+STATIC_YOINK("_sed");
+
 int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
-  if (IsWindows()) {
-    system("notepad");
-  } else {
-    system("ls | tr a-z A-Z");
-  }
+  system("x=world\n"
+         "echo hello $x |\n"
+         "  tr a-z A-Z |\n"
+         "  sed 's/\\(.\\)/\\1 /g'");
 }
@@ -49,12 +49,12 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
    printf("res = %d?\n", res);
    return -1;
  }
-  printf("Hello World! %.19Lg\n", atan2l(x, y));
+  printf("\e[92;44mHello World!\e[0m %.19Lg\n", atan2l(x, y));

  // read/print loop so machine doesn't reset on metal
  for (;;) {
    if ((res = readansi(0, buf, 16)) > 0) {
-      printf("got %`'.*s\r\n", res, buf);
+      printf("got \e[97m%`'.*s\e[0m\r\n", res, buf);
    }
  }
 }
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+#if 0
+/*─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╗
+│ To the extent possible under law, Justine Tunney has waived      │
+│ all copyright and related or neighboring rights to this file,    │
+│ as it is written in the following disclaimers:                   │
+│   • http://unlicense.org/                                        │
+│   • http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/            │
+╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#endif
+#include "libc/calls/calls.h"
+#include "libc/calls/termios.h"
+#include "libc/isystem/unistd.h"
+#include "libc/math.h"
+#include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
+#include "libc/str/str.h"
+#include "libc/sysv/consts/termios.h"
+
+/**
+ * @fileoverview Demo of program crash reporting with Bare Metal VGA TTY.
+ *
+ *     make -j8 o//examples/vga2.com
+ *     qemu-system-x86_64 -hda o//examples/vga2.com -serial stdio
+ */
+
+STATIC_YOINK("vga_console");
+STATIC_YOINK("_idt");
+STATIC_YOINK("EfiMain");
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
+  int i;
+  volatile int x = 1;
+  volatile int y = 2;
+  printf("argc = %d\n", argc);
+  for (i = 0; i < argc; ++i) {
+    printf("argv[%d] = \"%s\"\n", i, argv[i]);
+  }
+  printf("\e[92;44mHello World!\e[0m %d\n", 1 / (x + y - 3));
+  for (;;);
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,148 @@
+#if 0
+/*─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╗
+│ To the extent possible under law, Justine Tunney has waived      │
+│ all copyright and related or neighboring rights to this file,    │
+│ as it is written in the following disclaimers:                   │
+│   • http://unlicense.org/                                        │
+│   • http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/            │
+╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#endif
+#include "libc/calls/calls.h"
+#include "libc/calls/struct/timespec.h"
+#include "libc/calls/termios.h"
+#include "libc/errno.h"
+#include "libc/fmt/fmt.h"
+#include "libc/runtime/runtime.h"
+#include "libc/stdio/append.h"
+#include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
+#include "libc/str/str.h"
+#include "libc/sysv/consts/o.h"
+#include "libc/time/struct/tm.h"
+#include "third_party/getopt/getopt.h"
+#include "third_party/musl/passwd.h"
+
+/**
+ * @fileoverview program for broadcasting message to all terminals, e.g.
+ *
+ *     o//examples/wall.com hello friends
+ *
+ * Will place some bold text into the top left corners of all terminals:
+ *
+ *     Broadcast message from jart@host (pts/4) (Tue Oct 11 03:52:24 2022):
+ *     hello friends
+ *
+ * It's useful for having one terminal tab notify your other ones when
+ * something like a long running job completes. In the old days back
+ * when unix systems had multiple users, the wall command provided the
+ * ultimate lulz especially if it's a setuid binary with root privs.
+ */
+
+#define GETOPTS "v"
+#define USAGE \
+  "\
+Usage: wall.com [-v] [TEXTMSG] [<TEXTMSG]\n\
+  -v          increase verbosity\n\
+Examples:\n\
+  wall.com 'hello my friends'\n\
+  echo hello my friends | wall.com\n\
+"
+
+int g_verbose;
+
+static void GetOpts(int argc, char *argv[]) {
+  int opt;
+  while ((opt = getopt(argc, argv, GETOPTS)) != -1) {
+    switch (opt) {
+      case 'v':
+        g_verbose++;
+        break;
+      case '?':
+        write(1, USAGE, sizeof(USAGE) - 1);
+        exit(0);
+      default:
+        write(2, USAGE, sizeof(USAGE) - 1);
+        exit(64);
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+char *GetHost(void) {
+  static char host[254];
+  if (gethostname(host, sizeof(host))) {
+    strcpy(host, "localhost");
+  }
+  return host;
+}
+
+char *GetTime(void) {
+  int64_t t;
+  struct tm tm;
+  struct timespec ts;
+  clock_gettime(0, &ts);
+  localtime_r(&ts.tv_sec, &tm);
+  return _chomp(asctime(&tm));
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
+  GetOpts(argc, argv);
+
+  // create broadcast banner
+  // we use \e[1m so the text is strong & visually distinct
+  // we use \e[K so it doesn't get lost in a forest of text
+  // we map \n → \r\n because teletype might be in raw mode
+  char *msg = 0;
+  const char *s;
+  appends(&msg, "\e7");    // save cursor position
+  appends(&msg, "\e[H");   // goto top left corne
+  appends(&msg, "\e[K");   // clear line forward
+  appends(&msg, "\e[1m");  // bold text
+  appendf(&msg, "Broadcast message from %s@%s", getpwuid(getuid())->pw_name,
+          GetHost());
+  if (isatty(0) && (s = ttyname(0))) appendf(&msg, " (%s)", s);
+  appendf(&msg, " (%s):\r\n", GetTime());
+  appends(&msg, "\e[K");
+
+  // append broadcast message
+  if (optind < argc) {
+    // use cli arguments as message if they exist
+    for (int i = 0; optind + i < argc; ++i) {
+      if (i) appends(&msg, " ");
+      for (s = argv[optind + i]; *s; ++s) {
+        if (*s == '\n') {
+          appends(&msg, "\r\n\e[K");
+        } else {
+          appendw(&msg, *s & 255);
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  } else {
+    // otherwise use stdin as message
+    ssize_t i, rc;
+    char buf[512];
+    while ((rc = read(0, buf, sizeof(buf))) > 0) {
+      for (i = 0; i < rc; ++i) {
+        if (buf[i] == '\n') {
+          appends(&msg, "\r\n\e[K");  // clear line forward
+        } else {
+          appendw(&msg, buf[i] & 255);
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  appends(&msg, "\r\n\e[K\e[0m\e8");  // restore
+
+  // try to send message to all pseudoteletypewriters
+  for (int i = 0;; ++i) {
+    int fd;
+    char pts[32];
+    snprintf(pts, sizeof(pts), "/dev/pts/%d", i);
+    if ((fd = open(pts, O_WRONLY | O_NOCTTY)) == -1) {
+      if (errno == ENOENT) break;
+      if (g_verbose) perror(pts);
+    }
+    write(fd, msg, appendz(msg).i);
+    close(fd);
+  }
+
+  return 0;
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+#ifndef COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_AR_H_
+#define COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_AR_H_
+#if !(__ASSEMBLER__ + __LINKER__ + 0)
+COSMOPOLITAN_C_START_
+
+#define ARMAG  "!<arch>\n"
+#define SARMAG 8
+#define ARFMAG "`\n"
+
+struct ar_hdr {
+  char ar_name[16];
+  char ar_date[12];
+  char ar_uid[6], ar_gid[6];
+  char ar_mode[8];
+  char ar_size[10];
+  char ar_fmag[2];
+};
+
+COSMOPOLITAN_C_END_
+#endif /* !(__ASSEMBLER__ + __LINKER__ + 0) */
+#endif /* COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_AR_H_ */
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 COSMOPOLITAN_C_START_

 extern bool __assert_disable;
-void __assert_fail(const char *, const char *, int) hidden relegated;
+void __assert_fail(const char *, const char *, int) _Hide relegated;

 #ifdef NDEBUG
 #define assert(x) ((void)0)
@@ -16,19 +16,60 @@ void __assert_fail(const char *, const char *, int) hidden relegated;
 #define static_assert _Static_assert
 #endif

-#define _unassert(x)                 \
-  do {                               \
-    if (__builtin_expect(!(x), 0)) { \
-      unreachable;                   \
-    }                                \
-  } while (0)
-
+#ifdef __GNUC__
+#if !defined(TINY) && !defined(MODE_DBG)
+/**
+ * Specifies expression can't possibly be false.
+ *
+ * This macro uses the `notpossible` keyword and is intended for things
+ * like systems integration, where we know for a fact that something is
+ * never going to happen, but there's no proof. So we don't want to add
+ * extra bloat for filenames and line numbers, since `ShowCrashReports`
+ * can print a backtrace if we just embed the UD2 instruction to crash.
+ * That's useful for systems code, for the following reason. Invariants
+ * make sense with _unassert() since they usually get placed at the top
+ * of functions. But if you used _unassert() to test a system call does
+ * not fail, then check happens at the end of your function usually and
+ * is therefore likely to result in a failure condition where execution
+ * falls through into a different function, which is shocking to debug.
+ *
+ * In `MODE=tiny` these assertions are redefined as undefined behavior.
+ */
 #define _npassert(x)                 \
-  do {                               \
+  ({                                 \
    if (__builtin_expect(!(x), 0)) { \
      notpossible;                   \
    }                                \
-  } while (0)
+    (void)0;                         \
+  })
+#else
+#define _npassert(x) _unassert(x)
+#endif
+#endif
+
+#ifdef __GNUC__
+/**
+ * Specifies expression being false is undefined behavior.
+ *
+ * This is a good way to tell the compiler about your invariants, which
+ * leads to smaller faster programs. The expression is never removed by
+ * the preprocessor so it's recommended that it be free of side-effects
+ * if you intend for it to be removed. At the same time, this guarantee
+ * makes this assertion useful for things like system calls, since they
+ * won't be removed by `NDEBUG` mode.
+ *
+ * If this assertion fails, the worst possible things can happen unless
+ * you've built your binary in `MODE=dbg` since UBSAN is the only thing
+ * that's capable of debugging this macro.
+ */
+#define _unassert(x)                 \
+  ({                                 \
+    if (__builtin_expect(!(x), 0)) { \
+      unreachable;                   \
+    }                                \
+    (void)0;                         \
+  })
+#endif

 COSMOPOLITAN_C_END_
 #endif /* !(__ASSEMBLER__ + __LINKER__ + 0) */
@@ -16,5 +16,6 @@
 │ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
 │ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#include "libc/calls/sig.internal.h"

-bool __time_critical;
+struct Signals __sig;
@@ -16,26 +16,23 @@
 │ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
 │ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#include "ape/sections.internal.h"
+#include "libc/assert.h"
 #include "libc/calls/calls.h"
 #include "libc/calls/sig.internal.h"
 #include "libc/calls/state.internal.h"
 #include "libc/calls/struct/sigaction.h"
 #include "libc/calls/struct/siginfo.h"
-#include "libc/intrin/cmpxchg.h"
-#include "libc/intrin/lockcmpxchg.h"
+#include "libc/calls/struct/sigset.h"
 #include "libc/intrin/strace.internal.h"
-#include "libc/log/libfatal.internal.h"
 #include "libc/macros.internal.h"
 #include "libc/runtime/internal.h"
 #include "libc/runtime/runtime.h"
+#include "libc/str/str.h"
 #include "libc/sysv/consts/sa.h"
 #include "libc/sysv/consts/sig.h"
 #include "libc/sysv/errfuns.h"
-
-/**
- * @fileoverview UNIX signals for the New Technology, Part 2.
- * @threadsafe
- */
+#include "libc/thread/tls.h"

 /**
 * Allocates piece of memory for storing pending signal.
@@ -61,6 +58,18 @@ static textwindows void __sig_free(struct Signal *mem) {
  mem->used = false;
 }

+static inline textwindows int __sig_is_masked(int sig) {
+  if (__tls_enabled) {
+    return __get_tls()->tib_sigmask & (1ull << (sig - 1));
+  } else {
+    return __sig.sigmask & (1ull << (sig - 1));
+  }
+}
+
+textwindows int __sig_is_applicable(struct Signal *s) {
+  return s->tid <= 0 || s->tid == gettid();
+}
+
 /**
 * Dequeues signal that isn't masked.
 * @return signal or null if empty or none unmasked
@@ -70,7 +79,7 @@ static textwindows struct Signal *__sig_remove(void) {
  if (__sig.queue) {
    __sig_lock();
    for (prev = 0, res = __sig.queue; res; prev = res, res = res->next) {
-      if (!sigismember(&__sig.mask, res->sig)) {
+      if (__sig_is_applicable(res) && !__sig_is_masked(res->sig)) {
        if (res == __sig.queue) {
          __sig.queue = res->next;
        } else if (prev) {
@@ -78,8 +87,6 @@ static textwindows struct Signal *__sig_remove(void) {
        }
        res->next = 0;
        break;
-      } else {
-        STRACE("%G is masked", res->sig);
      }
    }
    __sig_unlock();
@@ -101,7 +108,6 @@ static bool __sig_deliver(bool restartable, int sig, int si_code,
  STRACE("delivering %G", sig);

  // enter the signal
-  __sig_lock();
  rva = __sighandrvas[sig];
  flags = __sighandflags[sig];
  if ((~flags & SA_NODEFER) || (flags & SA_RESETHAND)) {
@@ -112,12 +118,11 @@ static bool __sig_deliver(bool restartable, int sig, int si_code,
    // signal handler. in that case you must use SA_NODEFER.
    __sighandrvas[sig] = (int32_t)(intptr_t)SIG_DFL;
  }
-  __sig_unlock();

  // setup the somewhat expensive information args
  // only if they're requested by the user in sigaction()
  if (flags & SA_SIGINFO) {
-    __repstosb(&info, 0, sizeof(info));
+    bzero(&info, sizeof(info));
    info.si_signo = sig;
    info.si_code = si_code;
    infop = &info;
@@ -134,7 +139,9 @@ static bool __sig_deliver(bool restartable, int sig, int si_code,
    // since sigaction() is @asyncsignalsafe we only restore it if the
    // user didn't change it during the signal handler. we also don't
    // need to do anything if this was a oneshot signal or nodefer.
-    _lockcmpxchg(__sighandrvas + sig, (int32_t)(intptr_t)SIG_DFL, rva);
+    if (__sighandrvas[sig] == (int32_t)(intptr_t)SIG_DFL) {
+      __sighandrvas[sig] = rva;
+    }
  }

  if (!restartable) {
@@ -150,7 +157,7 @@ static bool __sig_deliver(bool restartable, int sig, int si_code,
 /**
 * Returns true if signal default action is to end process.
 */
-static textwindows bool __sig_isfatal(int sig) {
+static textwindows bool __sig_is_fatal(int sig) {
  if (sig == SIGCHLD || sig == SIGURG || sig == SIGWINCH) {
    return false;
  } else {
@@ -168,7 +175,7 @@ bool __sig_handle(bool restartable, int sig, int si_code, ucontext_t *ctx) {
  bool delivered;
  switch (__sighandrvas[sig]) {
    case (intptr_t)SIG_DFL:
-      if (__sig_isfatal(sig)) {
+      if (__sig_is_fatal(sig)) {
        STRACE("terminating on %G", sig);
        _Exitr(128 + sig);
      }
@@ -194,20 +201,18 @@ bool __sig_handle(bool restartable, int sig, int si_code, ucontext_t *ctx) {
 * @threadsafe
 */
 textwindows int __sig_raise(int sig, int si_code) {
-  int rc;
-  int candeliver;
-  __sig_lock();
-  candeliver = !sigismember(&__sig.mask, sig);
-  __sig_unlock();
-  switch (candeliver) {
-    case 1:
+  if (1 <= sig && sig <= 64) {
+    if (!__sig_is_masked(sig)) {
+      ++__sig_count;
+      // TODO(jart): ucontext_t support
      __sig_handle(false, sig, si_code, 0);
      return 0;
-    case 0:
+    } else {
      STRACE("%G is masked", sig);
-      return __sig_add(sig, si_code);
-    default:
-      return -1;  // sigismember() validates `sig`
+      return __sig_add(gettid(), sig, si_code);
+    }
+  } else {
+    return einval();
  }
 }

@@ -216,18 +221,19 @@ textwindows int __sig_raise(int sig, int si_code) {
 * @return 0 on success, otherwise -1 w/ errno
 * @threadsafe
 */
-textwindows int __sig_add(int sig, int si_code) {
+textwindows int __sig_add(int tid, int sig, int si_code) {
  int rc;
  struct Signal *mem;
-  if (1 <= sig && sig <= NSIG) {
-    __sig_lock();
+  if (1 <= sig && sig <= 64) {
    if (__sighandrvas[sig] == (unsigned)(intptr_t)SIG_IGN) {
      STRACE("ignoring %G", sig);
      rc = 0;
    } else {
      STRACE("enqueuing %G", sig);
+      __sig_lock();
      ++__sig_count;
      if ((mem = __sig_alloc())) {
+        mem->tid = tid;
        mem->sig = sig;
        mem->si_code = si_code;
        mem->next = __sig.queue;
@@ -236,8 +242,8 @@ textwindows int __sig_add(int sig, int si_code) {
      } else {
        rc = enomem();
      }
+      __sig_unlock();
    }
-    __sig_unlock();
  } else {
    rc = einval();
  }
@@ -276,7 +282,7 @@ textwindows bool __sig_check(bool restartable) {
 textwindows void __sig_check_ignore(const int sig, const unsigned rva) {
  struct Signal *cur, *prev, *next;
  if (rva != (unsigned)(intptr_t)SIG_IGN &&
-      (rva != (unsigned)(intptr_t)SIG_DFL || __sig_isfatal(sig))) {
+      (rva != (unsigned)(intptr_t)SIG_DFL || __sig_is_fatal(sig))) {
    return;
  }
  if (__sig.queue) {
@@ -298,25 +304,3 @@ textwindows void __sig_check_ignore(const int sig, const unsigned rva) {
    __sig_unlock();
  }
 }
-
-/**
- * Determines the pending signals on New Technology.
- *
- * @param pending is to hold the pending signals
- * @threadsafe
- */
-textwindows void __sig_pending(sigset_t *pending) {
-  struct Signal *cur;
-  sigemptyset(pending);
-  if (__sig.queue) {
-    __sig_lock();
-    for (cur = __sig.queue; cur; cur = cur->next) {
-      if (__sighandrvas[cur->sig] != (unsigned)(intptr_t)SIG_IGN) {
-        pending->__bits[(cur->sig - 1) >> 6] |= (1ull << ((cur->sig - 1) & 63));
-      } else {
-        STRACE("%G is ignored", cur->sig);
-      }
-    }
-    __sig_unlock();
-  }
-}
@@ -16,50 +16,45 @@
 │ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
 │ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#include "libc/assert.h"
 #include "libc/calls/sig.internal.h"
-#include "libc/calls/state.internal.h"
-#include "libc/macros.internal.h"
+#include "libc/calls/struct/sigset.h"
 #include "libc/sysv/consts/sig.h"
 #include "libc/sysv/errfuns.h"
+#include "libc/thread/tls.h"

-/**
- * @fileoverview UNIX signals for the New Technology, Part 1.
- * @threadsafe
- */
+#define GetSigBit(x) (1ull << (((x)-1) & 63))

-struct Signals __sig;  // TODO(jart): Need TLS
-
-#define GetSigBit(XXSIG) (1ull << (((XXSIG)-1) & 63))
-
-/**
- * Changes signal mask for main thread.
- * @return 0 on success, or -1 w/ errno
- */
 textwindows int __sig_mask(int how, const sigset_t *neu, sigset_t *old) {
-  int i;
-  uint64_t a, b;
+  uint64_t x, y, *mask;
  if (how == SIG_BLOCK || how == SIG_UNBLOCK || how == SIG_SETMASK) {
-    __sig_lock();
+    if (__tls_enabled) {
+      mask = &__get_tls()->tib_sigmask;
+    } else {
+      mask = &__sig.sigmask;
+    }
    if (old) {
-      *old = __sig.mask;
+      old->__bits[0] = *mask;
+      old->__bits[1] = 0;
    }
    if (neu) {
-      for (i = 0; i < ARRAYLEN(__sig.mask.__bits); ++i) {
-        if (how == SIG_BLOCK) {
-          __sig.mask.__bits[i] |= neu->__bits[i];
-        } else if (how == SIG_UNBLOCK) {
-          __sig.mask.__bits[i] &= ~neu->__bits[i];
-        } else {
-          __sig.mask.__bits[i] = neu->__bits[i];
-        }
+      x = *mask;
+      y = neu->__bits[0];
+      if (how == SIG_BLOCK) {
+        x |= y;
+      } else if (how == SIG_UNBLOCK) {
+        x &= ~y;
+      } else {
+        x = y;
      }
-      __sig.mask.__bits[0] &= ~(GetSigBit(SIGKILL) | GetSigBit(SIGSTOP));
+      x &= ~(0
+#define M(x) | GetSigBit(x)
+#include "libc/intrin/sigisprecious.inc"
+      );
+      *mask = x;
    }
-    __sig_unlock();
    return 0;
  } else {
    return einval();
  }
 }
-
-#undef GetSigBit
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+/*-*- mode:c;indent-tabs-mode:nil;c-basic-offset:2;tab-width:8;coding:utf-8 -*-│
+│vi: set net ft=c ts=2 sts=2 sw=2 fenc=utf-8                                :vi│
+╞══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╡
+│ Copyright 2022 Justine Alexandra Roberts Tunney                              │
+│                                                                              │
+│ Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for         │
+│ any purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the         │
+│ above copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.      │
+│                                                                              │
+│ THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL                │
+│ WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED                │
+│ WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE             │
+│ AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL         │
+│ DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR        │
+│ PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER               │
+│ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
+│ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
+╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#include "libc/calls/calls.h"
+#include "libc/calls/sig.internal.h"
+#include "libc/calls/state.internal.h"
+#include "libc/calls/struct/sigset.h"
+
+/**
+ * Determines the pending signals on New Technology.
+ *
+ * @param pending is to hold the pending signals
+ * @threadsafe
+ */
+textwindows void __sig_pending(sigset_t *pending) {
+  struct Signal *s;
+  sigemptyset(pending);
+  if (__sig.queue) {
+    __sig_lock();
+    for (s = __sig.queue; s; s = s->next) {
+      if (__sig_is_applicable(s) &&
+          __sighandrvas[s->sig] != (unsigned)(intptr_t)SIG_IGN) {
+        sigaddset(pending, s->sig);
+      }
+    }
+    __sig_unlock();
+  }
+}
@@ -22,9 +22,14 @@
 /**
 * Checks if effective user can access path in particular ways.
 *
+ * This is equivalent to saying:
+ *
+ *     faccessat(AT_FDCWD, path, mode, 0);
+ *
 * @param path is a filename or directory
 * @param mode can be R_OK, W_OK, X_OK, F_OK
- * @return 0 if ok, or -1 and sets errno
+ * @return 0 if ok, or -1 w/ errno
+ * @see faccessat() for further documentation
 * @asyncsignalsafe
 */
 int access(const char *path, int mode) {
@@ -32,12 +32,10 @@
 * @asyncsignalsafe
 */
 unsigned alarm(unsigned seconds) {
-  int rc;
  struct itimerval it;
  bzero(&it, sizeof(it));
  it.it_value.tv_sec = seconds;
-  rc = setitimer(ITIMER_REAL, &it, &it);
-  assert(rc != -1);
+  _npassert(!setitimer(ITIMER_REAL, &it, &it));
  if (!it.it_value.tv_sec && !it.it_value.tv_usec) {
    return 0;
  } else {
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #ifndef COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_CALLS_ASAN_INTERNAL_H_
 #define COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_CALLS_ASAN_INTERNAL_H_
-#include "libc/intrin/asmflag.h"
 #include "libc/calls/struct/timespec.h"
+#include "libc/calls/struct/timeval.h"
+#include "libc/intrin/asmflag.h"
 #if !(__ASSEMBLER__ + __LINKER__ + 0)
 COSMOPOLITAN_C_START_

@@ -14,6 +15,10 @@ forceinline bool __asan_is_valid_timespec(const struct timespec *ts) {
  return zf;
 }

+forceinline bool __asan_is_valid_timeval(const struct timeval *tv) {
+  return __asan_is_valid_timespec((const struct timespec *)tv);
+}
+
 COSMOPOLITAN_C_END_
 #endif /* !(__ASSEMBLER__ + __LINKER__ + 0) */
 #endif /* COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_CALLS_ASAN_INTERNAL_H_ */
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+#ifndef COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_CALLS_BLOCKCANCEL_H_
+#define COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_CALLS_BLOCKCANCEL_H_
+#include "libc/thread/thread.h"
+#if !(__ASSEMBLER__ + __LINKER__ + 0)
+COSMOPOLITAN_C_START_
+
+#define BLOCK_CANCELLATIONS \
+  do {                      \
+    int _CancelState;       \
+  _CancelState = _pthread_block_cancellations()
+
+#define ALLOW_CANCELLATIONS                   \
+  _pthread_allow_cancellations(_CancelState); \
+  }                                           \
+  while (0)
+
+int _pthread_block_cancellations(void);
+void _pthread_allow_cancellations(int);
+
+COSMOPOLITAN_C_END_
+#endif /* !(__ASSEMBLER__ + __LINKER__ + 0) */
+#endif /* COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_CALLS_BLOCKCANCEL_H_ */
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+#ifndef COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_CALLS_BLOCKSIGS_H_
+#define COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_CALLS_BLOCKSIGS_H_
+#include "libc/calls/struct/sigset.h"
+#if !(__ASSEMBLER__ + __LINKER__ + 0)
+COSMOPOLITAN_C_START_
+
+#define BLOCK_SIGNALS  \
+  do {                 \
+    sigset_t _SigMask; \
+  _SigMask = _sigblockall()
+
+#define ALLOW_SIGNALS    \
+  _sigsetmask(_SigMask); \
+  }                      \
+  while (0)
+
+COSMOPOLITAN_C_END_
+#endif /* !(__ASSEMBLER__ + __LINKER__ + 0) */
+#endif /* COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_CALLS_BLOCKSIGS_H_ */
@@ -35,11 +35,10 @@
 #define WIFCONTINUED(s) ((s) == 0xffff)
 #define WIFEXITED(s)    (!WTERMSIG(s))
 #define WIFSIGNALED(s)  ((0xffff & (s)) - 1u < 0xffu)
-#define WIFSTOPPED(s) \
-  ((short)(((0xffff & (unsigned)(s)) * 0x10001) >> 8) > 0x7f00)
-#define WSTOPSIG(s)   WEXITSTATUS(s)
-#define WTERMSIG(s)   (127 & (s))
-#define W_STOPCODE(s) ((s) << 8 | 0177)
+#define WIFSTOPPED(s)   ((255 & (s)) == 127)
+#define WSTOPSIG(s)     WEXITSTATUS(s)
+#define WTERMSIG(s)     (127 & (s))
+#define W_STOPCODE(s)   ((s) << 8 | 0177)

 #if !(__ASSEMBLER__ + __LINKER__ + 0)
 COSMOPOLITAN_C_START_
@@ -65,13 +64,13 @@ char *ttyname(int);
 int access(const char *, int) dontthrow;
 int arch_prctl();
 int chdir(const char *);
-int chmod(const char *, uint32_t);
-int chown(const char *, uint32_t, uint32_t);
+int chmod(const char *, unsigned);
+int chown(const char *, unsigned, unsigned);
 int chroot(const char *);
 int close(int);
 int close_range(unsigned, unsigned, unsigned);
 int closefrom(int);
-int creat(const char *, uint32_t);
+int creat(const char *, unsigned);
 int dup(int);
 int dup2(int, int);
 int dup3(int, int, int);
@@ -84,24 +83,22 @@ int execv(const char *, char *const[]);
 int execve(const char *, char *const[], char *const[]);
 int execvp(const char *, char *const[]);
 int execvpe(const char *, char *const[], char *const[]);
-int faccessat(int, const char *, int, uint32_t);
+int faccessat(int, const char *, int, int);
 int fadvise(int, uint64_t, uint64_t, int);
 int fchdir(int);
-int fchmod(int, uint32_t) dontthrow;
-int fchmodat(int, const char *, uint32_t, int);
-int fchown(int, uint32_t, uint32_t);
-int fchownat(int, const char *, uint32_t, uint32_t, int);
+int fchmod(int, unsigned) dontthrow;
+int fchmodat(int, const char *, unsigned, int);
+int fchown(int, unsigned, unsigned);
+int fchownat(int, const char *, unsigned, unsigned, int);
 int fcntl(int, int, ...);
 int fdatasync(int);
+int fexecve(int, char *const[], char *const[]);
 int flock(int, int);
 int fork(void);
 int fsync(int);
 int ftruncate(int, int64_t);
 int getdomainname(char *, size_t);
-uint32_t getegid(void) nosideeffect;
-uint32_t geteuid(void) nosideeffect;
-uint32_t getgid(void) nosideeffect;
-int getgroups(int size, uint32_t list[]);
+int getgroups(int, unsigned[]);
 int gethostname(char *, size_t);
 int getloadavg(double *, int);
 int getpgid(int) libcesque;
@@ -109,35 +106,29 @@ int getpgrp(void) nosideeffect;
 int getpid(void) nosideeffect libcesque;
 int getppid(void);
 int getpriority(int, unsigned);
-int getresgid(uint32_t *, uint32_t *, uint32_t *);
-int getresuid(uint32_t *, uint32_t *, uint32_t *);
+int getresgid(unsigned *, unsigned *, unsigned *);
+int getresuid(unsigned *, unsigned *, unsigned *);
 int getsid(int) nosideeffect libcesque;
 int gettid(void) libcesque;
-uint32_t getuid(void) libcesque;
-int sys_iopl(int);
 int ioprio_get(int, int);
 int ioprio_set(int, int, int);
 int issetugid(void);
 int kill(int, int);
 int killpg(int, int);
-int lchmod(const char *, uint32_t);
-int lchown(const char *, uint32_t, uint32_t);
+int lchmod(const char *, unsigned);
+int lchown(const char *, unsigned, unsigned);
 int link(const char *, const char *) dontthrow;
 int linkat(int, const char *, int, const char *, int);
 int madvise(void *, uint64_t, int);
+int makedirs(const char *, unsigned);
 int memfd_create(const char *, unsigned int);
 int mincore(void *, size_t, unsigned char *);
-int mkdir(const char *, uint32_t);
-int mkdirat(int, const char *, uint32_t);
-int mkfifo(const char *, uint32_t);
-int mkfifoat(int, const char *, uint32_t);
-int mknod(const char *, uint32_t, uint64_t);
-int mknodat(int, const char *, int32_t, uint64_t);
-int sys_mlock(const void *, size_t);
-int sys_mlock2(const void *, size_t, int);
-int sys_mlockall(int);
-int sys_munlock(const void *, size_t);
-int sys_munlockall(void);
+int mkdir(const char *, unsigned);
+int mkdirat(int, const char *, unsigned);
+int mkfifo(const char *, unsigned);
+int mkfifoat(int, const char *, unsigned);
+int mknod(const char *, unsigned, uint64_t);
+int mknodat(int, const char *, int, uint64_t);
 int nice(int);
 int open(const char *, int, ...);
 int openat(int, const char *, int, ...);
@@ -147,7 +138,7 @@ int pipe(int[hasatleast 2]);
 int pipe2(int[hasatleast 2], int);
 int pivot_root(const char *, const char *);
 int pledge(const char *, const char *);
-int posix_fadvise(int, uint64_t, uint64_t, int);
+int posix_fadvise(int, int64_t, int64_t, int);
 int posix_madvise(void *, uint64_t, int);
 int prctl(int, ...);
 int raise(int);
@@ -159,36 +150,42 @@ int renameat2(long, const char *, long, const char *, int);
 int rmdir(const char *);
 int sched_yield(void);
 int seccomp(unsigned, unsigned, void *);
-int setegid(uint32_t);
-int seteuid(uint32_t);
-int setfsgid(int);
-int setfsuid(int);
-int setgid(int);
-int setgroups(size_t size, const uint32_t list[]);
+int setegid(unsigned);
+int seteuid(unsigned);
+int setfsgid(unsigned);
+int setfsuid(unsigned);
+int setgid(unsigned);
+int setgroups(size_t, const unsigned[]);
 int setpgid(int, int);
 int setpgrp(void);
 int setpriority(int, unsigned, int);
-int setregid(uint32_t, uint32_t);
-int setresgid(uint32_t, uint32_t, uint32_t);
-int setresuid(uint32_t, uint32_t, uint32_t);
-int setreuid(uint32_t, uint32_t);
+int setregid(unsigned, unsigned);
+int setresgid(unsigned, unsigned, unsigned);
+int setresuid(unsigned, unsigned, unsigned);
+int setreuid(unsigned, unsigned);
 int setsid(void);
-int setuid(int);
+int setuid(unsigned);
 int sigignore(int);
 int siginterrupt(int, int);
 int symlink(const char *, const char *);
 int symlinkat(const char *, int, const char *);
 int sync_file_range(int, int64_t, int64_t, unsigned);
+int sys_iopl(int);
+int sys_mlock(const void *, size_t);
+int sys_mlock2(const void *, size_t, int);
+int sys_mlockall(int);
+int sys_munlock(const void *, size_t);
+int sys_munlockall(void);
 int sys_ptrace(int, ...);
 int sys_sysctl(const int *, unsigned, void *, size_t *, void *, size_t);
-int tcsetpgrp(int, int32_t);
+int tcgetpgrp(int);
+int tcsetpgrp(int, int);
 int tgkill(int, int, int);
 int tkill(int, int);
 int tmpfd(void);
-int touch(const char *, uint32_t);
-int truncate(const char *, uint64_t);
+int touch(const char *, unsigned);
+int truncate(const char *, int64_t);
 int ttyname_r(int, char *, size_t);
-int umask(int);
 int unlink(const char *);
 int unlink_s(const char **);
 int unlinkat(int, const char *, int);
@@ -197,21 +194,25 @@ int usleep(unsigned);
 int vfork(void) returnstwice;
 int wait(int *);
 int waitpid(int, int *, int);
-int32_t tcgetpgrp(int);
 intptr_t syscall(int, ...);
 long ptrace(int, ...);
-ssize_t copy_file_range(int, long *, int, long *, size_t, uint32_t);
-ssize_t copyfd(int, int64_t *, int, int64_t *, size_t, uint32_t);
+ssize_t copy_file_range(int, long *, int, long *, size_t, unsigned);
+ssize_t copyfd(int, int64_t *, int, int64_t *, size_t, unsigned);
 ssize_t getfiledescriptorsize(int);
-ssize_t lseek(int, int64_t, unsigned);
+ssize_t lseek(int, int64_t, int);
 ssize_t pread(int, void *, size_t, int64_t);
 ssize_t pwrite(int, const void *, size_t, int64_t);
 ssize_t read(int, void *, size_t);
 ssize_t readansi(int, char *, size_t);
 ssize_t readlink(const char *, char *, size_t);
 ssize_t readlinkat(int, const char *, char *, size_t);
-ssize_t splice(int, int64_t *, int, int64_t *, size_t, uint32_t);
+ssize_t splice(int, int64_t *, int, int64_t *, size_t, unsigned);
 ssize_t write(int, const void *, size_t);
+unsigned getegid(void) nosideeffect;
+unsigned geteuid(void) nosideeffect;
+unsigned getgid(void) nosideeffect;
+unsigned getuid(void) libcesque;
+unsigned umask(unsigned);
 void sync(void);

 COSMOPOLITAN_C_END_
@@ -65,6 +65,13 @@ $(LIBC_CALLS_A).pkg:					\
 		$(LIBC_CALLS_A_OBJS)			\
 		$(foreach x,$(LIBC_CALLS_A_DIRECTDEPS),$($(x)_A).pkg)

+# we can't use asan because:
+#   siginfo_t memory is owned by kernels
+o/$(MODE)/libc/calls/siginfo2cosmo.o: private		\
+		OVERRIDE_COPTS +=			\
+			-ffreestanding			\
+			-fno-sanitize=address
+
 # we can't use asan because:
 #   ucontext_t memory is owned by xnu kernel
 o/$(MODE)/libc/calls/sigenter-xnu.o: private		\
@@ -114,21 +121,12 @@ o/$(MODE)/libc/calls/execlp.o				\
 o/$(MODE)/libc/calls/statfs.o				\
 o/$(MODE)/libc/calls/fstatfs.o				\
 o/$(MODE)/libc/calls/execve-sysv.o			\
+o/$(MODE)/libc/calls/readlinkat-nt.o			\
 o/$(MODE)/libc/calls/execve-nt.greg.o			\
 o/$(MODE)/libc/calls/mkntenvblock.o: private		\
 		OVERRIDE_CPPFLAGS +=			\
 			-DSTACK_FRAME_UNLIMITED

-# we must disable static stack safety because:
-#   PATH_MAX*sizeof(char16_t)*2 exceeds 4096 byte frame limit
-o/$(MODE)/libc/calls/copyfile.o				\
-o/$(MODE)/libc/calls/symlinkat-nt.o			\
-o/$(MODE)/libc/calls/readlinkat-nt.o			\
-o/$(MODE)/libc/calls/linkat-nt.o			\
-o/$(MODE)/libc/calls/renameat-nt.o: private		\
-		OVERRIDE_CPPFLAGS +=			\
-			-DSTACK_FRAME_UNLIMITED
-
 # we must segregate codegen because:
 #   file contains multiple independently linkable apis
 o/$(MODE)/libc/calls/ioctl-siocgifconf.o		\
@@ -172,12 +170,15 @@ o//libc/calls/statfs2cosmo.o: private			\
 # we always want -O2 because:
 #   division is expensive if not optimized
 o/$(MODE)/libc/calls/clock.o				\
-o/$(MODE)/libc/calls/_timespec_tomillis.o		\
-o/$(MODE)/libc/calls/_timespec_tomicros.o		\
-o/$(MODE)/libc/calls/_timespec_totimeval.o		\
-o/$(MODE)/libc/calls/_timespec_fromnanos.o		\
-o/$(MODE)/libc/calls/_timespec_frommillis.o		\
-o/$(MODE)/libc/calls/_timespec_frommicros.o: private	\
+o/$(MODE)/libc/calls/timespec_tomillis.o		\
+o/$(MODE)/libc/calls/timespec_tomicros.o		\
+o/$(MODE)/libc/calls/timespec_totimeval.o		\
+o/$(MODE)/libc/calls/timespec_fromnanos.o		\
+o/$(MODE)/libc/calls/timespec_frommillis.o		\
+o/$(MODE)/libc/calls/timespec_frommicros.o		\
+o/$(MODE)/libc/calls/timeval_tomillis.o			\
+o/$(MODE)/libc/calls/timeval_frommillis.o		\
+o/$(MODE)/libc/calls/timeval_frommicros.o: private	\
 		OVERRIDE_CFLAGS +=			\
 			-O2

@@ -1,28 +0,0 @@
-/*-*- mode:c;indent-tabs-mode:nil;c-basic-offset:2;tab-width:8;coding:utf-8 -*-│
-│vi: set net ft=c ts=2 sts=2 sw=2 fenc=utf-8                                :vi│
-╞══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╡
-│ Copyright 2021 Justine Alexandra Roberts Tunney                              │
-│                                                                              │
-│ Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for         │
-│ any purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the         │
-│ above copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.      │
-│                                                                              │
-│ THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL                │
-│ WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED                │
-│ WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE             │
-│ AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL         │
-│ DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR        │
-│ PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER               │
-│ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
-│ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
-╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
-#include "libc/calls/termios.h"
-#include "libc/sysv/consts/termios.h"
-
-uint32_t cfgetospeed(const struct termios *t) {
-  if (CBAUD) {
-    return t->c_cflag & CBAUD;
-  } else {
-    return t->c_ospeed;
-  }
-}
@@ -1,33 +0,0 @@
-/*-*- mode:c;indent-tabs-mode:nil;c-basic-offset:2;tab-width:8;coding:utf-8 -*-│
-│vi: set net ft=c ts=2 sts=2 sw=2 fenc=utf-8                                :vi│
-╞══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╡
-│ Copyright 2021 Justine Alexandra Roberts Tunney                              │
-│                                                                              │
-│ Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for         │
-│ any purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the         │
-│ above copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.      │
-│                                                                              │
-│ THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL                │
-│ WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED                │
-│ WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE             │
-│ AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL         │
-│ DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR        │
-│ PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER               │
-│ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
-│ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
-╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
-#include "libc/calls/termios.h"
-#include "libc/sysv/errfuns.h"
-
-int cfsetispeed(struct termios *t, int speed) {
-  if (speed) {
-    if (CBAUD) {
-      if (speed & ~CBAUD) return einval();
-      t->c_cflag &= ~CBAUD;
-      t->c_cflag |= speed;
-    } else {
-      t->c_ispeed = speed;
-    }
-  }
-  return 0;
-}
@@ -20,7 +20,59 @@
 #include "libc/sysv/consts/termios.h"
 #include "libc/sysv/errfuns.h"

-int cfsetospeed(struct termios *t, int speed) {
+/**
+ * Returns input baud rate.
+ * @asyncsignalsafe
+ */
+uint32_t cfgetispeed(const struct termios *t) {
+  if (CBAUD) {
+    return t->c_cflag & CBAUD;
+  } else {
+    return t->c_ispeed;
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Returns output baud rate.
+ * @asyncsignalsafe
+ */
+uint32_t cfgetospeed(const struct termios *t) {
+  if (CBAUD) {
+    return t->c_cflag & CBAUD;
+  } else {
+    return t->c_ospeed;
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Sets input baud rate.
+ *
+ * @return 0 on success, or -1 w/ errno
+ * @asyncsignalsafe
+ */
+int cfsetispeed(struct termios *t, unsigned speed) {
+  if (speed) {
+    if (CBAUD) {
+      if (!(speed & ~CBAUD)) {
+        t->c_cflag &= ~CBAUD;
+        t->c_cflag |= speed;
+      } else {
+        return einval();
+      }
+    } else {
+      t->c_ispeed = speed;
+    }
+  }
+  return 0;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Sets output baud rate.
+ *
+ * @return 0 on success, or -1 w/ errno
+ * @asyncsignalsafe
+ */
+int cfsetospeed(struct termios *t, unsigned speed) {
  if (CBAUD) {
    if (!(speed & ~CBAUD)) {
      t->c_cflag &= ~CBAUD;
@@ -16,11 +16,12 @@
 │ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
 │ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
-#include "libc/intrin/strace.internal.h"
 #include "libc/calls/syscall-nt.internal.h"
 #include "libc/calls/syscall-sysv.internal.h"
 #include "libc/dce.h"
 #include "libc/intrin/asan.internal.h"
+#include "libc/intrin/strace.internal.h"
+#include "libc/runtime/runtime.h"
 #include "libc/sysv/errfuns.h"

 /**
@@ -34,7 +35,8 @@
 */
 int chdir(const char *path) {
  int rc;
-  if (!path || (IsAsan() && !__asan_is_valid(path, 1))) {
+  GetProgramExecutableName();  // XXX: ugly workaround
+  if (!path || (IsAsan() && !__asan_is_valid_str(path))) {
    rc = efault();
  } else if (!IsWindows()) {
    rc = sys_chdir(path);
@@ -17,17 +17,43 @@
 │ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
 #include "libc/calls/calls.h"
-#include "libc/intrin/strace.internal.h"
 #include "libc/calls/syscall-sysv.internal.h"
+#include "libc/dce.h"
+#include "libc/intrin/asan.internal.h"
+#include "libc/intrin/strace.internal.h"
+#include "libc/sysv/errfuns.h"

 /**
 * Changes root directory.
 *
+ * Please consider using unveil() instead of chroot(). If you use this
+ * system call then consider using both chdir() and closefrom() before
+ * calling this function. Otherwise there's a small risk that fchdir()
+ * could be used to escape the chroot() environment. Cosmopolitan Libc
+ * focuses on static binaries which make chroot() infinitely easier to
+ * use since you don't need to construct an entire userspace each time
+ * however unveil() is still better to use on modern Linux and OpenBSD
+ * because it doesn't require root privileges.
+ *
+ * @param path shall become the new root directory
+ * @return 0 on success, or -1 w/ errno
+ * @raise EACCES if we don't have permission to search a component of `path`
+ * @raise ENOTDIR if a directory component in `path` exists as non-directory
+ * @raise ENAMETOOLONG if symlink-resolved `path` length exceeds `PATH_MAX`
+ * @raise ENAMETOOLONG if component in `path` exists longer than `NAME_MAX`
+ * @raise EPERM if not root or pledge() is in play
+ * @raise EIO if a low-level i/o error occurred
+ * @raise EFAULT if `path` is bad memory
+ * @raise ENOENT if `path` doesn't exist
 * @raise ENOSYS on Windows
 */
 int chroot(const char *path) {
  int rc;
-  rc = sys_chroot(path);
+  if (!path || (IsAsan() && !__asan_is_valid_str(path))) {
+    rc = efault();
+  } else {
+    rc = sys_chroot(path);
+  }
  STRACE("chroot(%s) → %d% m", path, rc);
  return rc;
 }
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ int64_t clock(void) {
  if (clock_gettime(CLOCK_PROCESS_CPUTIME_ID, &ts) == -1) {
    errno = e;
    if (getrusage(RUSAGE_SELF, &ru) != -1) {
-      ts = _timeval_totimespec(_timeval_add(ru.ru_utime, ru.ru_stime));
+      ts = timeval_totimespec(timeval_add(ru.ru_utime, ru.ru_stime));
    } else {
      return -1;
    }
@@ -17,10 +17,10 @@
 │ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
 #include "libc/calls/asan.internal.h"
-#include "libc/intrin/strace.internal.h"
 #include "libc/calls/struct/timespec.internal.h"
 #include "libc/dce.h"
 #include "libc/intrin/describeflags.internal.h"
+#include "libc/intrin/strace.internal.h"
 #include "libc/sysv/consts/clock.h"
 #include "libc/sysv/errfuns.h"
 #include "libc/time/time.h"
@@ -49,6 +49,12 @@ static int sys_clock_getres_xnu(int clock, struct timespec *ts) {

 /**
 * Returns granularity of clock.
+ *
+ * @return 0 on success, or -1 w/ errno
+ * @error EPERM if pledge() is in play without stdio promise
+ * @error EINVAL if `clock` isn't supported on this system
+ * @error EFAULT if `ts` points to bad memory
+ * @threadsafe
 */
 int clock_getres(int clock, struct timespec *ts) {
  int rc;
@@ -17,11 +17,11 @@
 │ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
 #include "libc/calls/struct/timespec.h"
-#include "libc/thread/thread.h"
 #include "libc/nexgen32e/rdtsc.h"
 #include "libc/nexgen32e/x86feature.h"
 #include "libc/sysv/consts/clock.h"
 #include "libc/sysv/errfuns.h"
+#include "libc/thread/thread.h"

 static struct {
  pthread_once_t once;
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ static struct {
 } g_mono;

 static void sys_clock_gettime_mono_init(void) {
-  g_mono.base_wall = _timespec_real();
+  g_mono.base_wall = timespec_real();
  g_mono.base_tick = rdtsc();
 }

@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ int sys_clock_gettime_mono(struct timespec *time) {
    pthread_once(&g_mono.once, sys_clock_gettime_mono_init);
    cycles = rdtsc() - g_mono.base_tick;
    nanos = cycles / 3;
-    *time = _timespec_add(g_mono.base_wall, _timespec_fromnanos(nanos));
+    *time = timespec_add(g_mono.base_wall, timespec_fromnanos(nanos));
    return 0;
  } else {
    return einval();
@@ -20,7 +20,6 @@
 #include "libc/calls/asan.internal.h"
 #include "libc/calls/clock_gettime.internal.h"
 #include "libc/calls/state.internal.h"
-#include "libc/intrin/strace.internal.h"
 #include "libc/calls/struct/timespec.internal.h"
 #include "libc/calls/struct/timeval.h"
 #include "libc/calls/syscall_support-sysv.internal.h"
@@ -30,9 +29,11 @@
 #include "libc/intrin/asmflag.h"
 #include "libc/intrin/bits.h"
 #include "libc/intrin/describeflags.internal.h"
+#include "libc/intrin/strace.internal.h"
 #include "libc/mem/alloca.h"
 #include "libc/nt/synchronization.h"
 #include "libc/sysv/errfuns.h"
+#include "libc/thread/tls.h"

 /**
 * Returns nanosecond time.
@@ -48,12 +49,33 @@
 *     __clock_gettime     l:        35𝑐        11𝑛𝑠
 *     sys_clock_gettime   l:       220𝑐        71𝑛𝑠
 *
- * @param clock can be CLOCK_REALTIME, CLOCK_MONOTONIC, etc.
+ * @param clock can be one of:
+ *    - `CLOCK_REALTIME`: universally supported
+ *    - `CLOCK_REALTIME_FAST`: ditto but faster on freebsd
+ *    - `CLOCK_REALTIME_PRECISE`: ditto but better on freebsd
+ *    - `CLOCK_REALTIME_COARSE`: : like `CLOCK_REALTIME_FAST` w/ Linux 2.6.32+
+ *    - `CLOCK_MONOTONIC`: universally supported
+ *    - `CLOCK_MONOTONIC_FAST`: ditto but faster on freebsd
+ *    - `CLOCK_MONOTONIC_PRECISE`: ditto but better on freebsd
+ *    - `CLOCK_MONOTONIC_COARSE`: : like `CLOCK_MONOTONIC_FAST` w/ Linux 2.6.32+
+ *    - `CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW`: is actually monotonic but needs Linux 2.6.28+
+ *    - `CLOCK_PROCESS_CPUTIME_ID`: linux and bsd
+ *    - `CLOCK_THREAD_CPUTIME_ID`: linux and bsd
+ *    - `CLOCK_MONOTONIC_COARSE`: linux, freebsd
+ *    - `CLOCK_PROF`: linux and netbsd
+ *    - `CLOCK_BOOTTIME`: linux and openbsd
+ *    - `CLOCK_REALTIME_ALARM`: linux-only
+ *    - `CLOCK_BOOTTIME_ALARM`: linux-only
+ *    - `CLOCK_TAI`: linux-only
 * @param ts is where the result is stored
 * @return 0 on success, or -1 w/ errno
- * @error EINVAL if clock isn't supported on this system
+ * @error EPERM if pledge() is in play without stdio promise
+ * @error EINVAL if `clock` isn't supported on this system
+ * @error EFAULT if `ts` points to bad memory
 * @see strftime(), gettimeofday()
 * @asyncsignalsafe
+ * @threadsafe
+ * @vforksafe
 */
 int clock_gettime(int clock, struct timespec *ts) {
  int rc;
@@ -65,7 +87,7 @@ int clock_gettime(int clock, struct timespec *ts) {
    rc = __clock_gettime(clock, ts);
  }
 #if SYSDEBUG
-  if (!__time_critical) {
+  if (__tls_enabled && !(__get_tls()->tib_flags & TIB_FLAG_TIME_CRITICAL)) {
    STRACE("clock_gettime(%s, [%s]) → %d% m", DescribeClockName(clock),
           DescribeTimespec(rc, ts), rc);
  }
@@ -97,7 +119,7 @@ clock_gettime_f *__clock_gettime_get(bool *opt_out_isfast) {
  return res;
 }

-hidden int __clock_gettime_init(int clockid, struct timespec *ts) {
+_Hide int __clock_gettime_init(int clockid, struct timespec *ts) {
  clock_gettime_f *gettime;
  __clock_gettime = gettime = __clock_gettime_get(0);
  return gettime(clockid, ts);
@@ -7,9 +7,9 @@ COSMOPOLITAN_C_START_
 typedef int clock_gettime_f(int, struct timespec *);

 extern clock_gettime_f *__clock_gettime;
-clock_gettime_f *__clock_gettime_get(bool *) hidden;
-int __clock_gettime_init(int, struct timespec *) hidden;
-int sys_clock_gettime_mono(struct timespec *) hidden;
+clock_gettime_f *__clock_gettime_get(bool *) _Hide;
+int __clock_gettime_init(int, struct timespec *) _Hide;
+int sys_clock_gettime_mono(struct timespec *) _Hide;

 COSMOPOLITAN_C_END_
 #endif /* !(__ASSEMBLER__ + __LINKER__ + 0) */
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+/*-*- mode:c;indent-tabs-mode:nil;c-basic-offset:2;tab-width:8;coding:utf-8 -*-│
+│vi: set net ft=c ts=2 sts=2 sw=2 fenc=utf-8                                :vi│
+╞══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╡
+│ Copyright 2021 Justine Alexandra Roberts Tunney                              │
+│                                                                              │
+│ Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for         │
+│ any purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the         │
+│ above copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.      │
+│                                                                              │
+│ THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL                │
+│ WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED                │
+│ WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE             │
+│ AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL         │
+│ DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR        │
+│ PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER               │
+│ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
+│ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
+╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#include "libc/calls/internal.h"
+#include "libc/calls/sig.internal.h"
+#include "libc/calls/struct/timespec.h"
+#include "libc/calls/struct/timespec.internal.h"
+#include "libc/macros.internal.h"
+#include "libc/nt/synchronization.h"
+#include "libc/sysv/consts/timer.h"
+#include "libc/sysv/errfuns.h"
+
+textwindows int sys_clock_nanosleep_nt(int clock, int flags,
+                                       const struct timespec *req,
+                                       struct timespec *rem) {
+  struct timespec now, abs;
+  if (flags & TIMER_ABSTIME) {
+    abs = *req;
+    for (;;) {
+      if (sys_clock_gettime_nt(clock, &now)) return -1;
+      if (timespec_cmp(now, abs) >= 0) return 0;
+      if (_check_interrupts(false, g_fds.p)) return -1;
+      SleepEx(MIN(__SIG_POLLING_INTERVAL_MS,
+                  timespec_tomillis(timespec_sub(abs, now))),
+              false);
+    }
+  } else {
+    if (sys_clock_gettime_nt(clock, &now)) return -1;
+    abs = timespec_add(now, *req);
+    for (;;) {
+      sys_clock_gettime_nt(clock, &now);
+      if (timespec_cmp(now, abs) >= 0) return 0;
+      if (_check_interrupts(false, g_fds.p)) {
+        if (rem) *rem = timespec_sub(abs, now);
+        return -1;
+      }
+      SleepEx(MIN(__SIG_POLLING_INTERVAL_MS,
+                  timespec_tomillis(timespec_sub(abs, now))),
+              false);
+    }
+  }
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+/*-*- mode:c;indent-tabs-mode:nil;c-basic-offset:2;tab-width:8;coding:utf-8 -*-│
+│vi: set net ft=c ts=2 sts=2 sw=2 fenc=utf-8                                :vi│
+╞══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╡
+│ Copyright 2022 Justine Alexandra Roberts Tunney                              │
+│                                                                              │
+│ Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for         │
+│ any purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the         │
+│ above copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.      │
+│                                                                              │
+│ THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL                │
+│ WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED                │
+│ WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE             │
+│ AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL         │
+│ DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR        │
+│ PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER               │
+│ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
+│ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
+╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#include "libc/calls/struct/timespec.h"
+#include "libc/calls/struct/timespec.internal.h"
+#include "libc/sysv/consts/clock.h"
+#include "libc/sysv/errfuns.h"
+
+int sys_clock_nanosleep_openbsd(int clock, int flags,
+                                const struct timespec *req,
+                                struct timespec *rem) {
+  int res;
+  struct timespec now, rel;
+  if (clock == CLOCK_REALTIME) {
+    if (!flags) {
+      res = sys_nanosleep(req, rem);
+    } else {
+      sys_clock_gettime(clock, &now);
+      if (timespec_cmp(*req, now) > 0) {
+        rel = timespec_sub(*req, now);
+        res = sys_nanosleep(&rel, 0);
+      } else {
+        res = 0;
+      }
+    }
+  } else {
+    res = enotsup();
+  }
+  return res;
+}
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*-*- mode:c;indent-tabs-mode:nil;c-basic-offset:2;tab-width:8;coding:utf-8 -*-│
 │vi: set net ft=c ts=2 sts=2 sw=2 fenc=utf-8                                :vi│
 ╞══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╡
-│ Copyright 2021 Justine Alexandra Roberts Tunney                              │
+│ Copyright 2022 Justine Alexandra Roberts Tunney                              │
 │                                                                              │
 │ Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for         │
 │ any purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the         │
@@ -16,21 +16,34 @@
 │ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
 │ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
-#include "libc/calls/struct/timespec.h"
 #include "libc/calls/struct/timespec.internal.h"
 #include "libc/calls/struct/timeval.h"
 #include "libc/calls/struct/timeval.internal.h"
-#include "libc/sysv/consts/at.h"
+#include "libc/fmt/conv.h"
+#include "libc/sock/internal.h"
+#include "libc/sysv/consts/clock.h"
+#include "libc/sysv/consts/timer.h"
+#include "libc/sysv/errfuns.h"

-textwindows int sys_utimes_nt(const char *path, const struct timeval tv[2]) {
-  struct timespec ts[2];
-  if (tv) {
-    ts[0].tv_sec = tv[0].tv_sec;
-    ts[0].tv_nsec = tv[0].tv_usec * 1000;
-    ts[1].tv_sec = tv[1].tv_sec;
-    ts[1].tv_nsec = tv[1].tv_usec * 1000;
-    return sys_utimensat_nt(AT_FDCWD, path, ts, 0);
+int sys_clock_nanosleep_xnu(int clock, int flags, const struct timespec *req,
+                            struct timespec *rem) {
+  int res;
+  struct timeval now, abs, rel;
+  if (clock == CLOCK_REALTIME) {
+    if (flags & TIMER_ABSTIME) {
+      abs = timespec_totimeval(*req);
+      sys_gettimeofday_xnu(&now, 0, 0);
+      if (timeval_cmp(abs, now) > 0) {
+        rel = timeval_sub(abs, now);
+        res = sys_select(0, 0, 0, 0, &rel);
+      } else {
+        res = 0;
+      }
+    } else {
+      res = sys_nanosleep_xnu(req, rem);
+    }
  } else {
-    return sys_utimensat_nt(AT_FDCWD, path, NULL, 0);
+    res = enotsup();
  }
+  return res;
 }
@@ -0,0 +1,268 @@
+/*-*- mode:c;indent-tabs-mode:nil;c-basic-offset:2;tab-width:8;coding:utf-8 -*-│
+│vi: set net ft=c ts=2 sts=2 sw=2 fenc=utf-8                                :vi│
+╞══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╡
+│ Copyright 2022 Justine Alexandra Roberts Tunney                              │
+│                                                                              │
+│ Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for         │
+│ any purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the         │
+│ above copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.      │
+│                                                                              │
+│ THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL                │
+│ WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED                │
+│ WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE             │
+│ AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL         │
+│ DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR        │
+│ PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER               │
+│ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
+│ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
+╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#include "libc/assert.h"
+#include "libc/calls/asan.internal.h"
+#include "libc/calls/blockcancel.internal.h"
+#include "libc/calls/calls.h"
+#include "libc/calls/clock_gettime.internal.h"
+#include "libc/calls/cp.internal.h"
+#include "libc/calls/state.internal.h"
+#include "libc/calls/struct/timespec.h"
+#include "libc/calls/struct/timespec.internal.h"
+#include "libc/calls/struct/timeval.h"
+#include "libc/calls/struct/timeval.internal.h"
+#include "libc/dce.h"
+#include "libc/errno.h"
+#include "libc/intrin/describeflags.internal.h"
+#include "libc/intrin/strace.internal.h"
+#include "libc/intrin/weaken.h"
+#include "libc/macros.internal.h"
+#include "libc/nt/ntdll.h"
+#include "libc/str/str.h"
+#include "libc/sysv/consts/clock.h"
+#include "libc/sysv/consts/timer.h"
+#include "libc/sysv/errfuns.h"
+#include "libc/thread/thread.h"
+#include "libc/thread/tls.h"
+
+static int64_t g_nanosleep_latency;
+
+static errno_t sys_clock_nanosleep(int clock, int flags,
+                                   const struct timespec *req,
+                                   struct timespec *rem) {
+  int e, rc;
+  BEGIN_CANCELLATION_POINT;
+  e = errno;
+  if (IsLinux() || IsFreebsd() || IsNetbsd()) {
+    rc = __sys_clock_nanosleep(clock, flags, req, rem);
+  } else if (IsXnu()) {
+    rc = sys_clock_nanosleep_xnu(clock, flags, req, rem);
+  } else if (IsOpenbsd()) {
+    rc = sys_clock_nanosleep_openbsd(clock, flags, req, rem);
+  } else {
+    rc = sys_clock_nanosleep_nt(clock, flags, req, rem);
+  }
+  if (rc == -1) {
+    rc = errno;
+    errno = e;
+  }
+  END_CANCELLATION_POINT;
+  return rc;
+}
+
+// determine sched_yield() vs. clock_nanosleep() threshold
+// 1ns sys_clock_nanosleep() on Windows takes milliseconds :'(
+// 1ns sys_clock_nanosleep() on Linux/FreeBSD takes tens of microseconds
+// 1ns sys_clock_nanosleep() on OpenBSD/NetBSD takes tens of milliseconds D:
+static struct timespec GetNanosleepLatency(void) {
+  errno_t rc;
+  int64_t nanos;
+  clock_gettime_f *cgt;
+  struct timespec x, y, w = {0, 1};
+  if (!(nanos = g_nanosleep_latency)) {
+    BLOCK_CANCELLATIONS;
+    for (cgt = __clock_gettime_get(0);;) {
+      _npassert(!cgt(CLOCK_REALTIME_PRECISE, &x));
+      rc = sys_clock_nanosleep(CLOCK_REALTIME, 0, &w, 0);
+      _npassert(!rc || rc == EINTR);
+      if (!rc) {
+        _npassert(!cgt(CLOCK_REALTIME_PRECISE, &y));
+        nanos = timespec_tonanos(timespec_sub(y, x));
+        g_nanosleep_latency = nanos;
+        break;
+      }
+    }
+    ALLOW_CANCELLATIONS;
+  }
+  return timespec_fromnanos(nanos);
+}
+
+static errno_t CheckCancel(void) {
+  if (_weaken(pthread_testcancel_np)) {
+    return _weaken(pthread_testcancel_np)();
+  } else {
+    return 0;
+  }
+}
+
+static errno_t SpinNanosleep(int clock, int flags, const struct timespec *req,
+                             struct timespec *rem) {
+  errno_t rc;
+  clock_gettime_f *cgt;
+  struct timespec now, start, elapsed;
+  if ((rc = CheckCancel())) {
+    if (rc == EINTR && !flags && rem) {
+      *rem = *req;
+    }
+    return rc;
+  }
+  cgt = __clock_gettime_get(0);
+  _npassert(!cgt(CLOCK_REALTIME, &start));
+  for (;;) {
+    sched_yield();
+    _npassert(!cgt(CLOCK_REALTIME, &now));
+    if (flags & TIMER_ABSTIME) {
+      if (timespec_cmp(now, *req) >= 0) {
+        return 0;
+      }
+      if ((rc = CheckCancel())) {
+        return rc;
+      }
+    } else {
+      if (timespec_cmp(now, start) < 0) continue;
+      elapsed = timespec_sub(now, start);
+      if ((rc = CheckCancel())) {
+        if (rc == EINTR && rem) {
+          if (timespec_cmp(elapsed, *req) >= 0) {
+            bzero(rem, sizeof(*rem));
+          } else {
+            *rem = elapsed;
+          }
+        }
+        return rc;
+      }
+      if (timespec_cmp(elapsed, *req) >= 0) {
+        return 0;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+static bool ShouldUseSpinNanosleep(int clock, int flags,
+                                   const struct timespec *req) {
+  errno_t e;
+  struct timespec now;
+  if (IsWindows()) {
+    // Our spin technique here is intended to take advantage of the fact
+    // that sched_yield() takes about a hundred nanoseconds. But Windows
+    // SleepEx(0, 0) a.k.a. NtYieldExecution() takes a whole millisecond
+    // and it matters not whether our intent is to yielding or sleeping,
+    // since we use the SleepEx() function to implement both. Therefore,
+    // there's no reason to use SpinNanosleep() on Windows.
+    return false;
+  }
+  if (clock != CLOCK_REALTIME &&          //
+      clock != CLOCK_REALTIME_PRECISE &&  //
+      clock != CLOCK_MONOTONIC &&         //
+      clock != CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW &&     //
+      clock != CLOCK_MONOTONIC_PRECISE) {
+    return false;
+  }
+  if (!flags) {
+    return timespec_cmp(*req, GetNanosleepLatency()) < 0;
+  }
+  // We need a clock_gettime() system call to perform this check if the
+  // sleep request is an absolute timestamp. So we avoid doing that on
+  // systems where sleep latency isn't too outrageous.
+  if (timespec_cmp(GetNanosleepLatency(), timespec_fromnanos(50 * 1000)) < 0) {
+    return false;
+  }
+  e = errno;
+  if (__clock_gettime_get(0)(clock, &now)) {
+    // punt to the nanosleep system call
+    errno = e;
+    return false;
+  }
+  return timespec_cmp(*req, now) < 0 ||
+         timespec_cmp(timespec_sub(*req, now), GetNanosleepLatency()) < 0;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Sleeps for particular amount of time.
+ *
+ * Here's how you could sleep for one second:
+ *
+ *     clock_nanosleep(0, 0, &(struct timespec){1}, 0);
+ *
+ * Your sleep will be interrupted automatically if you do something like
+ * press ctrl-c during the wait. That's an `EINTR` error and it lets you
+ * immediately react to status changes. This is always the case, even if
+ * you're using `SA_RESTART` since this is a `@norestart` system call.
+ *
+ *     void OnCtrlC(int sig) {} // EINTR only happens after delivery
+ *     signal(SIGINT, OnCtrlC); // do delivery rather than kill proc
+ *     printf("save me from sleeping forever by pressing ctrl-c\n");
+ *     clock_nanosleep(0, 0, &(struct timespec){INT_MAX}, 0);
+ *     printf("you're my hero\n");
+ *
+ * If you want to perform an uninterruptible sleep without having to use
+ * sigprocmask() to block all signals then this function provides a good
+ * solution to that problem. For example:
+ *
+ *     struct timespec rel, now, abs;
+ *     clock_gettime(CLOCK_REALTIME, &now);
+ *     rel = timespec_frommillis(100);
+ *     abs = timespec_add(now, rel);
+ *     while (clock_nanosleep(CLOCK_REALTIME, TIMER_ABSTIME, &abs, 0));
+ *
+ * will accurately spin on `EINTR` errors. That way you're not impeding
+ * signal delivery and you're not losing precision on your wait timeout.
+ * This function has first-class support on Linux, FreeBSD, and NetBSD;
+ * on OpenBSD it's good; on XNU it's bad; and on Windows it's ugly.
+ *
+ * @param clock should be `CLOCK_REALTIME` and you may consult the docs
+ *     of your preferred platforms to see what other clocks might work
+ * @param flags can be 0 for relative and `TIMER_ABSTIME` for absolute
+ * @param req can be a relative or absolute time, depending on `flags`
+ * @param rem shall be updated with the remainder of unslept time when
+ *     (1) it's non-null; (2) `flags` is 0; and (3) -1 w/ `EINTR` is
+ *     returned; if this function returns 0 then `rem` is undefined;
+ *     if flags is `TIMER_ABSTIME` then `rem` is ignored
+ * @return 0 on success, or errno on error
+ * @raise EINTR when a signal got delivered while we were waiting
+ * @raise ECANCELED if thread was cancelled in masked mode
+ * @raise ENOTSUP if `clock` is known but we can't use it here
+ * @raise EFAULT if `req` or null or bad memory was passed
+ * @raise EINVAL if `clock` is unknown to current platform
+ * @raise EINVAL if `flags` has an unrecognized value
+ * @raise EINVAL if `req->tv_nsec ∉ [0,1000000000)`
+ * @raise ENOSYS on bare metal
+ * @cancellationpoint
+ * @returnserrno
+ * @norestart
+ */
+errno_t clock_nanosleep(int clock, int flags, const struct timespec *req,
+                        struct timespec *rem) {
+  int rc;
+  LOCKTRACE("clock_nanosleep(%s, %s, %s) → ...", DescribeClockName(clock),
+            DescribeSleepFlags(flags), DescribeTimespec(0, req));
+  if (IsMetal()) {
+    rc = ENOSYS;
+  } else if (!req || (IsAsan() && (!__asan_is_valid_timespec(req) ||
+                                   (rem && !__asan_is_valid_timespec(rem))))) {
+    rc = EFAULT;
+  } else if (clock == 127 ||              //
+             (flags & ~TIMER_ABSTIME) ||  //
+             req->tv_sec < 0 ||           //
+             !(0 <= req->tv_nsec && req->tv_nsec <= 999999999)) {
+    rc = EINVAL;
+  } else if (ShouldUseSpinNanosleep(clock, flags, req)) {
+    rc = SpinNanosleep(clock, flags, req, rem);
+  } else {
+    rc = sys_clock_nanosleep(clock, flags, req, rem);
+  }
+#if SYSDEBUG
+  if (__tls_enabled && !(__get_tls()->tib_flags & TIB_FLAG_TIME_CRITICAL)) {
+    STRACE("clock_nanosleep(%s, %s, %s, [%s]) → %s", DescribeClockName(clock),
+           DescribeSleepFlags(flags), DescribeTimespec(0, req),
+           DescribeTimespec(rc, rem), DescribeErrno(rc));
+  }
+#endif
+  return rc;
+}
@@ -18,15 +18,22 @@
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
 #include "libc/calls/struct/fd.internal.h"
 #include "libc/errno.h"
+#include "libc/intrin/weaken.h"
 #include "libc/nt/enum/filetype.h"
 #include "libc/nt/files.h"
 #include "libc/nt/runtime.h"
 #include "libc/sysv/consts/o.h"

-textwindows int sys_close_nt(struct Fd *fd) {
+void sys_fcntl_nt_lock_cleanup(int) _Hide;
+
+textwindows int sys_close_nt(struct Fd *fd, int fildes) {
  int e;
  bool ok = true;

+  if (_weaken(sys_fcntl_nt_lock_cleanup)) {
+    _weaken(sys_fcntl_nt_lock_cleanup)(fildes);
+  }
+
  if (fd->kind == kFdFile && ((fd->flags & O_ACCMODE) != O_RDONLY &&
                              GetFileType(fd->handle) == kNtFileTypeDisk)) {
    // Like Linux, closing a file on Windows doesn't guarantee it's
@@ -16,10 +16,10 @@
 │ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
 │ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
-#include "libc/assert.h"
 #include "libc/calls/calls.h"
 #include "libc/calls/internal.h"
 #include "libc/calls/state.internal.h"
+#include "libc/calls/struct/fd.internal.h"
 #include "libc/calls/syscall-nt.internal.h"
 #include "libc/calls/syscall-sysv.internal.h"
 #include "libc/dce.h"
@@ -32,17 +32,25 @@
 /**
 * Closes file descriptor.
 *
- * This function may be used for file descriptors returned by functions
- * like open, socket, accept, epoll_create, and landlock_create_ruleset.
+ * This function releases resources returned by functions such as:
 *
- * This function should never be called twice for the same file
- * descriptor, regardless of whether or not an error happened. However
- * that doesn't mean the error should be ignored.
+ * - openat()
+ * - socket()
+ * - accept()
+ * - epoll_create()
+ * - landlock_create_ruleset()
+ *
+ * This function should never be reattempted if an error is returned;
+ * however, that doesn't mean the error should be ignored. This goes
+ * against the conventional wisdom of looping on `EINTR`.
 *
 * @return 0 on success, or -1 w/ errno
- * @error EINTR means a signal was received while closing in which case
- *     close() does not need to be called again, since the fd will close
- *     in the background
+ * @raise EINTR if signal was delivered; do *not* retry
+ * @raise EBADF if `fd` is negative or not open; however, an exception
+ *     is made by Cosmopolitan Libc for `close(-1)` which returns zero
+ *     and does nothing, in order to assist with code that may wish to
+ *     close the same resource multiple times without dirtying `errno`
+ * @raise EIO if a low-level i/o error occurred
 * @asyncsignalsafe
 * @vforksafe
 */
@@ -51,7 +59,7 @@ int close(int fd) {
  if (fd == -1) {
    rc = 0;
  } else if (fd < 0) {
-    rc = einval();
+    rc = ebadf();
  } else {
    // for performance reasons we want to avoid holding __fds_lock()
    // while sys_close() is happening. this leaves the kernel / libc
@@ -73,7 +81,7 @@ int close(int fd) {
        } else if (__isfdkind(fd, kFdFile) ||     //
                   __isfdkind(fd, kFdConsole) ||  //
                   __isfdkind(fd, kFdProcess)) {  //
-          rc = sys_close_nt(g_fds.p + fd);
+          rc = sys_close_nt(g_fds.p + fd, fd);
        } else {
          rc = eio();
        }
@@ -27,35 +27,35 @@
 /**
 * Closes extra file descriptors, e.g.
 *
- *     // close all non-stdio file descriptors
- *     if (closefrom(3) == -1) {
- *       for (int i = 3; i < 256; ++i) {
+ *     if (closefrom(3))
+ *       for (int i = 3; i < 256; ++i)
 *         close(i);
- *       }
- *     }
 *
 * @return 0 on success, or -1 w/ errno
- * @error EBADF if `first` is negative
- * @error EBADF on OpenBSD if `first` is greater than highest fd
- * @error EINVAL if flags are bad or first is greater than last
- * @error EMFILE if a weird race condition happens on Linux
- * @error ENOSYS if not Linux 5.9+, FreeBSD 8+, or OpenBSD
- * @error EINTR possibly on OpenBSD
- * @error ENOMEM on Linux maybe
+ * @raise EBADF if `first` is negative
+ * @raise ENOSYS if not Linux 5.9+, FreeBSD 8+, OpenBSD, or NetBSD
+ * @raise EBADF on OpenBSD if `first` is greater than highest fd
+ * @raise EINVAL if flags are bad or first is greater than last
+ * @raise EMFILE if a weird race condition happens on Linux
+ * @raise ECANCELED if thread was cancelled in masked mode
+ * @raise EINTR possibly on OpenBSD
+ * @raise ENOMEM on Linux maybe
 */
 int closefrom(int first) {
  int rc, err;
-  if (IsNetbsd() || IsWindows() || IsMetal()) {
-    rc = enosys();
-  } else if (first < 0) {
+  if (first < 0) {
    // consistent with openbsd
    // freebsd allows this but it's dangerous
    // necessary on linux due to type signature
    rc = ebadf();
+  } else if (IsFreebsd() || IsOpenbsd()) {
+    rc = sys_closefrom(first);
  } else if (IsLinux()) {
    rc = sys_close_range(first, 0xffffffffu, 0);
+  } else if (IsNetbsd()) {
+    rc = __sys_fcntl(first, 10 /*F_CLOSEM*/, first);
  } else {
-    rc = sys_closefrom(first);
+    rc = enosys();
  }
  STRACE("closefrom(%d) → %d% m", first, rc);
  return rc;
@@ -16,7 +16,10 @@
 │ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
 │ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#include "libc/calls/blockcancel.internal.h"
 #include "libc/calls/calls.h"
+#include "libc/calls/cp.internal.h"
+#include "libc/calls/internal.h"
 #include "libc/calls/struct/sigset.h"
 #include "libc/calls/struct/sigset.internal.h"
 #include "libc/calls/syscall-sysv.internal.h"
@@ -38,6 +41,7 @@ static bool HasCopyFileRange(void) {
  bool ok;
  int e, rc;
  e = errno;
+  BLOCK_CANCELLATIONS;
  if (IsLinux()) {
    // We modernize our detection by a few years for simplicity.
    // This system call is chosen since it's listed by pledge().
@@ -48,6 +52,7 @@ static bool HasCopyFileRange(void) {
  } else {
    ok = false;
  }
+  ALLOW_CANCELLATIONS;
  errno = e;
  return ok;
 }
@@ -79,6 +84,8 @@ static void copy_file_range_init(void) {
 * @raise EXDEV if source and destination are on different filesystems
 * @raise EBADF if `infd` or `outfd` aren't open files or append-only
 * @raise EPERM if `fdout` refers to an immutable file on Linux
+ * @raise ENOTSUP if `infd` or `outfd` is a zip file descriptor
+ * @raise ECANCELED if thread was cancelled in masked mode
 * @raise EINVAL if ranges overlap or `flags` is non-zero
 * @raise EFBIG if `setrlimit(RLIMIT_FSIZE)` is exceeded
 * @raise EFAULT if one of the pointers memory is bad
@@ -91,12 +98,15 @@ static void copy_file_range_init(void) {
 * @raise EIO if a low-level i/o error happens
 * @see sendfile() for seekable → socket
 * @see splice() for fd ↔ pipe
+ * @cancellationpoint
 */
 ssize_t copy_file_range(int infd, int64_t *opt_in_out_inoffset, int outfd,
                        int64_t *opt_in_out_outoffset, size_t uptobytes,
                        uint32_t flags) {
  ssize_t rc;
  pthread_once(&g_copy_file_range.once, copy_file_range_init);
+  BEGIN_CANCELLATION_POINT;
+
  if (!g_copy_file_range.ok) {
    rc = enosys();
  } else if (IsAsan() && ((opt_in_out_inoffset &&
@@ -104,10 +114,14 @@ ssize_t copy_file_range(int infd, int64_t *opt_in_out_inoffset, int outfd,
                          (opt_in_out_outoffset &&
                           !__asan_is_valid(opt_in_out_outoffset, 8)))) {
    rc = efault();
+  } else if (__isfdkind(infd, kFdZip) || __isfdkind(outfd, kFdZip)) {
+    rc = enotsup();
  } else {
    rc = sys_copy_file_range(infd, opt_in_out_inoffset, outfd,
                             opt_in_out_outoffset, uptobytes, flags);
  }
+
+  END_CANCELLATION_POINT;
  STRACE("copy_file_range(%d, %s, %d, %s, %'zu, %#x) → %'ld% m", infd,
         DescribeInOutInt64(rc, opt_in_out_inoffset), outfd,
         DescribeInOutInt64(rc, opt_in_out_outoffset), uptobytes, flags);
@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+/*-*- mode:c;indent-tabs-mode:nil;c-basic-offset:2;tab-width:8;coding:utf-8 -*-│
+│vi: set net ft=c ts=2 sts=2 sw=2 fenc=utf-8                                :vi│
+╞══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╡
+│ Copyright 2022 Justine Alexandra Roberts Tunney                              │
+│                                                                              │
+│ Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for         │
+│ any purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the         │
+│ above copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.      │
+│                                                                              │
+│ THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL                │
+│ WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED                │
+│ WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE             │
+│ AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL         │
+│ DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR        │
+│ PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER               │
+│ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
+│ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
+╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#include "libc/calls/blockcancel.internal.h"
+#include "libc/calls/cp.internal.h"
+#include "libc/runtime/internal.h"
+#include "libc/runtime/runtime.h"
+#include "libc/thread/posixthread.internal.h"
+#include "libc/thread/tls.h"
+#ifdef MODE_DBG
+
+int begin_cancellation_point(void) {
+  int state = 0;
+  struct CosmoTib *tib;
+  struct PosixThread *pt;
+  if (__enable_tls) {
+    tib = __get_tls();
+    if ((pt = (struct PosixThread *)tib->tib_pthread)) {
+      state = pt->flags & PT_INCANCEL;
+      pt->flags |= PT_INCANCEL;
+    }
+  }
+  return state;
+}
+
+void end_cancellation_point(int state) {
+  struct CosmoTib *tib;
+  struct PosixThread *pt;
+  if (__enable_tls) {
+    tib = __get_tls();
+    if ((pt = (struct PosixThread *)tib->tib_pthread)) {
+      pt->flags &= ~PT_INCANCEL;
+      pt->flags |= state;
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+void report_cancellation_point(void) {
+  BLOCK_CANCELLATIONS;
+  _bt("error: need BEGIN/END_CANCELLATION_POINT\n");
+  ALLOW_CANCELLATIONS;
+}
+
+#endif /* MODE_DBG */
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+#ifndef COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_CALLS_CP_INTERNAL_H_
+#define COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_CALLS_CP_INTERNAL_H_
+#if !(__ASSEMBLER__ + __LINKER__ + 0)
+COSMOPOLITAN_C_START_
+
+int begin_cancellation_point(void);
+void end_cancellation_point(int);
+
+#ifndef MODE_DBG
+#define BEGIN_CANCELLATION_POINT (void)0
+#define END_CANCELLATION_POINT   (void)0
+#else
+#define BEGIN_CANCELLATION_POINT \
+  do {                           \
+    int _Cp;                     \
+  _Cp = begin_cancellation_point()
+#define END_CANCELLATION_POINT \
+  end_cancellation_point(_Cp); \
+  }                            \
+  while (0)
+#endif
+
+COSMOPOLITAN_C_END_
+#endif /* !(__ASSEMBLER__ + __LINKER__ + 0) */
+#endif /* COSMOPOLITAN_LIBC_CALLS_CP_INTERNAL_H_ */
@@ -21,20 +21,22 @@
 #include "libc/sysv/consts/o.h"

 /**
- * Creates new file, returning open()'d file descriptor.
+ * Creates file.
 *
- * This function is shorthand for:
+ * This is equivalent to saying:
 *
- *     open(file, O_CREAT | O_WRONLY | O_TRUNC, mode)
+ *     int fd = openat(AT_FDCWD, file, O_CREAT | O_WRONLY | O_TRUNC, mode);
 *
- * @param file is a UTF-8 string, which is truncated if it exists
- * @param mode is an octal user/group/other permission, e.g. 0755
- * @return a number registered with the system to track the open file,
- *     which must be stored using a 64-bit type in order to support both
- *     System V and Windows, and must be closed later on using close()
- * @see open(), touch()
+ * @param file specifies filesystem path to create
+ * @param mode is octal bits, e.g. 0644 usually
+ * @return file descriptor, or -1 w/ errno
+ * @see openat() for further documentation
+ * @cancellationpoint
 * @asyncsignalsafe
+ * @restartable
+ * @threadsafe
+ * @vforksafe
 */
-dontdiscard int creat(const char *file, uint32_t mode) {
+int creat(const char *file, uint32_t mode) {
  return openat(AT_FDCWD, file, O_CREAT | O_WRONLY | O_TRUNC, mode);
 }
@@ -31,13 +31,11 @@
 // Implements dup(), dup2(), dup3(), and F_DUPFD for Windows.
 textwindows int sys_dup_nt(int oldfd, int newfd, int flags, int start) {
  int64_t rc, proc, handle;
-  _unassert(oldfd >= 0);
-  _unassert(newfd >= -1);
  _unassert(!(flags & ~O_CLOEXEC));

  __fds_lock();

-  if (oldfd >= g_fds.n ||
+  if (!__isfdopen(oldfd) || newfd < -1 ||
      (g_fds.p[oldfd].kind != kFdFile && g_fds.p[oldfd].kind != kFdSocket &&
       g_fds.p[oldfd].kind != kFdConsole)) {
    __fds_unlock();
@@ -45,27 +43,18 @@ textwindows int sys_dup_nt(int oldfd, int newfd, int flags, int start) {
  }

  // allocate a new file descriptor
-  for (;;) {
-    if (newfd == -1) {
-      if ((newfd = __reservefd_unlocked(start)) == -1) {
-        __fds_unlock();
-        return -1;
-      }
-      break;
-    } else {
-      if (__ensurefds_unlocked(newfd) == -1) {
-        __fds_unlock();
-        return -1;
-      }
-      if (g_fds.p[newfd].kind) {
-        __fds_unlock();
-        close(newfd);
-        __fds_lock();
-      }
-      if (!g_fds.p[newfd].kind) {
-        g_fds.p[newfd].kind = kFdReserved;
-        break;
-      }
+  if (newfd == -1) {
+    if ((newfd = __reservefd_unlocked(start)) == -1) {
+      __fds_unlock();
+      return -1;
+    }
+  } else {
+    if (__ensurefds_unlocked(newfd) == -1) {
+      __fds_unlock();
+      return -1;
+    }
+    if (g_fds.p[newfd].kind) {
+      sys_close_nt(g_fds.p + newfd, newfd);
    }
  }

@@ -86,7 +75,7 @@ textwindows int sys_dup_nt(int oldfd, int newfd, int flags, int start) {
    }
    rc = newfd;
  } else {
-    __releasefd_unlocked(newfd);
+    __releasefd(newfd);
    rc = __winerr();
  }

@@ -32,15 +32,16 @@
 *
 * @param fd remains open afterwards
 * @return some arbitrary new number for fd
- * @raise EOPNOTSUPP if zipos file
- * @raise EBADF if fd isn't open
+ * @raise EPERM if pledge() is in play without stdio
+ * @raise ENOTSUP if `fd` is a zip file descriptor
+ * @raise EBADF if `fd` is negative or not open
 * @asyncsignalsafe
 * @vforksafe
 */
 int dup(int fd) {
  int rc;
  if (__isfdkind(fd, kFdZip)) {
-    rc = eopnotsupp();
+    rc = enotsup();
  } else if (!IsWindows()) {
    rc = sys_dup(fd);
  } else {
@@ -18,10 +18,10 @@
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
 #include "libc/calls/calls.h"
 #include "libc/calls/internal.h"
-#include "libc/intrin/strace.internal.h"
 #include "libc/calls/syscall-nt.internal.h"
 #include "libc/calls/syscall-sysv.internal.h"
 #include "libc/dce.h"
+#include "libc/intrin/strace.internal.h"
 #include "libc/sysv/errfuns.h"

 /**
@@ -38,16 +38,19 @@
 * @param newfd if already assigned, is silently closed beforehand;
 *     unless it's equal to oldfd, in which case dup2() is a no-op
 * @return new file descriptor, or -1 w/ errno
- * @raise EBADF is oldfd isn't open
- * @raise EBADF is newfd negative or too big
+ * @raise EPERM if pledge() is in play without stdio
+ * @raise EMFILE if `RLIMIT_NOFILE` has been reached
+ * @raise ENOTSUP if `oldfd` is on zip file system
 * @raise EINTR if a signal handler was called
+ * @raise EBADF is `newfd` negative or too big
+ * @raise EBADF is `oldfd` isn't open
 * @asyncsignalsafe
 * @vforksafe
 */
 int dup2(int oldfd, int newfd) {
  int rc;
  if (__isfdkind(oldfd, kFdZip)) {
-    rc = eopnotsupp();
+    rc = enotsup();
  } else if (!IsWindows()) {
    rc = sys_dup2(oldfd, newfd);
  } else if (newfd < 0) {
@@ -38,11 +38,13 @@
 * @param flags may have O_CLOEXEC which is needed to preserve the
 *     close-on-execve() state after file descriptor duplication
 * @return newfd on success, or -1 w/ errno
- * @raise EINVAL if flags has unsupported bits
- * @raise EINVAL if newfd equals oldfd
- * @raise EBADF is oldfd isn't open
- * @raise EBADF is newfd negative or too big
+ * @raise ENOTSUP if `oldfd` is a zip file descriptor
+ * @raise EPERM if pledge() is in play without stdio
+ * @raise EINVAL if `flags` has unsupported bits
 * @raise EINTR if a signal handler was called
+ * @raise EBADF is `newfd` negative or too big
+ * @raise EINVAL if `newfd` equals oldfd
+ * @raise EBADF is `oldfd` isn't open
 * @see dup(), dup2()
 */
 int dup3(int oldfd, int newfd, int flags) {
@@ -52,7 +54,7 @@ int dup3(int oldfd, int newfd, int flags) {
  } else if (oldfd < 0 || newfd < 0) {
    rc = ebadf();
  } else if (__isfdkind(oldfd, kFdZip)) {
-    rc = eopnotsupp();
+    rc = enotsup();
  } else if (!IsWindows()) {
    rc = sys_dup3(oldfd, newfd, flags);
  } else {
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ textwindows int sys_execve_nt(const char *program, char *const argv[],
  startinfo.hStdError = __getfdhandleactual(2);

  // spawn the process
-  rc = ntspawn(program, argv, envp, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, &startinfo, &procinfo);
+  rc = ntspawn(program, argv, envp, 0, 0, 0, true, 0, 0, &startinfo, &procinfo);
  if (rc == -1) {
    STRACE("panic: unrecoverable ntspawn(%#s) error: %m", program);
    __imp_ExitProcess(6543);
@@ -16,6 +16,8 @@
 │ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
 │ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#include "libc/calls/blockcancel.internal.h"
+#include "libc/calls/blocksigs.internal.h"
 #include "libc/calls/calls.h"
 #include "libc/calls/syscall-sysv.internal.h"
 #include "libc/dce.h"
@@ -39,12 +41,17 @@ static bool IsApeBinary(const char *path) {
  int fd;
  char buf[8];
  bool res = false;
+  // TODO(jart): Should we block signals too?
+  BLOCK_CANCELLATIONS;
  if ((fd = sys_open(path, O_RDONLY, 0)) != -1) {
-    if (sys_read(fd, buf, 8) == 8 && READ64LE(buf) == READ64LE("MZqFpD='")) {
+    if (sys_read(fd, buf, 8) == 8 &&  //
+        (READ64LE(buf) == READ64LE("MZqFpD='") ||
+         READ64LE(buf) == READ64LE("JTqFpD='"))) {
      res = true;
    }
    sys_close(fd);
  }
+  ALLOW_CANCELLATIONS;
  return res;
 }

@@ -61,35 +68,41 @@ static const char *Join(const char *a, const char *b, char buf[PATH_MAX]) {
 }

 int sys_execve(const char *prog, char *const argv[], char *const envp[]) {
-  int e;
  size_t i;
+  int e, rc;
  char *buf;
  char **shargs;
  const char *ape;
  e = errno;
  __sys_execve(prog, argv, envp);
-  if (errno != ENOEXEC) return -1;
-  for (i = 0; argv[i];) ++i;
-  buf = alloca(PATH_MAX);
-  shargs = alloca((i + 4) * sizeof(char *));
-  if (IsApeBinary(prog) &&
-      (CanExecute((ape = "/usr/bin/ape")) ||
-       CanExecute((ape = Join(firstnonnull(getenv("TMPDIR"),
-                                           firstnonnull(getenv("HOME"), ".")),
-                              ".ape", buf))) ||
-       CanExecute(
-           (ape = Join(firstnonnull(getenv("HOME"), "."), ".ape", buf))))) {
-    shargs[0] = ape;
-    shargs[1] = "-";
-    shargs[2] = prog;
-    memcpy(shargs + 3, argv, (i + 1) * sizeof(char *));
-  } else if (CanExecute(prog)) {
-    shargs[0] = _PATH_BSHELL;
-    shargs[1] = prog;
-    memcpy(shargs + 2, argv + 1, i * sizeof(char *));
+  if (errno == ENOEXEC) {
+    for (i = 0; argv[i];) ++i;
+    buf = alloca(PATH_MAX);
+    shargs = alloca((i + 4) * sizeof(char *));
+    if (IsApeBinary(prog) &&
+        (CanExecute((ape = "/usr/bin/ape")) ||
+         CanExecute((ape = Join(firstnonnull(getenv("TMPDIR"),
+                                             firstnonnull(getenv("HOME"), ".")),
+                                ".ape", buf))) ||
+         CanExecute(
+             (ape = Join(firstnonnull(getenv("HOME"), "."), ".ape", buf))))) {
+      shargs[0] = ape;
+      shargs[1] = "-";
+      shargs[2] = prog;
+      memcpy(shargs + 3, argv, (i + 1) * sizeof(char *));
+      errno = e;
+      rc = __sys_execve(shargs[0], shargs, envp);
+    } else if (CanExecute(prog)) {
+      shargs[0] = _PATH_BSHELL;
+      shargs[1] = prog;
+      memcpy(shargs + 2, argv + 1, i * sizeof(char *));
+      errno = e;
+      rc = __sys_execve(shargs[0], shargs, envp);
+    } else {
+      rc = enoexec();
+    }
  } else {
-    return enoexec();
+    rc = -1;
  }
-  errno = e;
-  return __sys_execve(shargs[0], shargs, envp);
+  return rc;
 }
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
 #include "libc/calls/syscall-sysv.internal.h"
 #include "libc/dce.h"
 #include "libc/intrin/asan.internal.h"
+#include "libc/intrin/describeflags.internal.h"
 #include "libc/intrin/kprintf.h"
 #include "libc/intrin/likely.h"
 #include "libc/intrin/promises.internal.h"
@@ -35,6 +36,10 @@
 /**
 * Replaces current process with program.
 *
+ * On Windows, `argv` and `envp` can't contain binary strings. They need
+ * to be valid UTF-8 in order to round-trip the WIN32 API, without being
+ * corrupted.
+ *
 * @param program will not be PATH searched, see commandv()
 * @param argv[0] is the name of the program to run
 * @param argv[1,n-2] optionally specify program arguments
@@ -49,26 +54,13 @@ int execve(const char *prog, char *const argv[], char *const envp[]) {
  int rc;
  size_t i;
  if (!prog || !argv || !envp ||
-      (IsAsan() &&
-       (!__asan_is_valid(prog, 1) || !__asan_is_valid_strlist(argv) ||
-        !__asan_is_valid_strlist(envp)))) {
+      (IsAsan() && (!__asan_is_valid_str(prog) ||      //
+                    !__asan_is_valid_strlist(argv) ||  //
+                    !__asan_is_valid_strlist(envp)))) {
    rc = efault();
  } else {
-#ifdef SYSDEBUG
-    if (UNLIKELY(__strace > 0)) {
-      kprintf(STRACE_PROLOGUE "execve(%#s, {", prog);
-      for (i = 0; argv[i]; ++i) {
-        if (i) kprintf(", ");
-        kprintf("%#s", argv[i]);
-      }
-      kprintf("}, {");
-      for (i = 0; envp[i]; ++i) {
-        if (i) kprintf(", ");
-        kprintf("%#s", envp[i]);
-      }
-      kprintf("})\n");
-    }
-#endif
+    STRACE("execve(%#s, %s, %s) → ...", prog, DescribeStringList(argv),
+           DescribeStringList(envp));
    if (!IsWindows()) {
      rc = 0;
      if (IsLinux() && __execpromises && _weaken(sys_pledge_linux)) {
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@
 int execvpe(const char *prog, char *const argv[], char *const *envp) {
  char *exe;
  char pathbuf[PATH_MAX];
-  if (IsAsan() && !__asan_is_valid(prog, 1)) return efault();
+  if (IsAsan() && !__asan_is_valid_str(prog)) return efault();
  if (!(exe = commandv(prog, pathbuf, sizeof(pathbuf)))) return -1;
  return execve(exe, argv, envp);
 }
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 │ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
 #include "libc/calls/calls.h"
+#include "libc/calls/internal.h"
 #include "libc/calls/syscall-nt.internal.h"
 #include "libc/calls/syscall-sysv.internal.h"
 #include "libc/dce.h"
@@ -35,33 +36,42 @@
 * @param dirfd is normally AT_FDCWD but if it's an open directory and
 *     file is a relative path, then file is opened relative to dirfd
 * @param path is a filename or directory
- * @param mode can be R_OK, W_OK, X_OK, F_OK
- * @param flags can have AT_EACCESS, AT_SYMLINK_NOFOLLOW
- * @note on Linux flags is only supported on Linux 5.8+
+ * @param amode can be `R_OK`, `W_OK`, `X_OK`, or `F_OK`
+ * @param flags can have `AT_EACCESS` and/or `AT_SYMLINK_NOFOLLOW`
 * @return 0 if ok, or -1 and sets errno
+ * @raise EINVAL if `mode` has bad value
+ * @raise EPERM if pledge() is in play without rpath promise
+ * @raise EACCES if access for requested `mode` would be denied
+ * @raise ENOTDIR if a directory component in `path` exists as non-directory
+ * @raise ENOENT if component of `path` doesn't exist or `path` is empty
+ * @raise ENOTSUP if `path` is a zip file and `dirfd` isn't `AT_FDCWD`
+ * @note on Linux `flags` is only supported on Linux 5.8+
 * @asyncsignalsafe
 */
-int faccessat(int dirfd, const char *path, int mode, uint32_t flags) {
+int faccessat(int dirfd, const char *path, int amode, int flags) {
  int e, rc;
-  if (IsAsan() && !__asan_is_valid(path, 1)) {
+  struct ZiposUri zipname;
+  if (!path || (IsAsan() && !__asan_is_valid_str(path))) {
    rc = efault();
-  } else if (_weaken(__zipos_notat) &&
-             _weaken(__zipos_notat)(dirfd, path) == -1) {
-    rc = -1; /* TODO(jart): implement me */
+  } else if (__isfdkind(dirfd, kFdZip)) {
+    rc = enotsup();
+  } else if (_weaken(__zipos_open) &&
+             _weaken(__zipos_parseuri)(path, &zipname) != -1) {
+    rc = _weaken(__zipos_access)(&zipname, amode);
  } else if (!IsWindows()) {
    e = errno;
    if (!flags) goto NoFlags;
-    if ((rc = sys_faccessat2(dirfd, path, mode, flags)) == -1) {
+    if ((rc = sys_faccessat2(dirfd, path, amode, flags)) == -1) {
      if (errno == ENOSYS) {
        errno = e;
      NoFlags:
-        rc = sys_faccessat(dirfd, path, mode, flags);
+        rc = sys_faccessat(dirfd, path, amode, flags);
      }
    }
  } else {
-    rc = sys_faccessat_nt(dirfd, path, mode, flags);
+    rc = sys_faccessat_nt(dirfd, path, amode, flags);
  }
  STRACE("faccessat(%s, %#s, %#o, %#x) → %d% m", DescribeDirfd(dirfd), path,
-         mode, flags, rc);
+         amode, flags, rc);
  return rc;
 }
@@ -37,17 +37,18 @@
 * @param path must exist
 * @param mode contains octal flags (base 8)
 * @param flags can have `AT_SYMLINK_NOFOLLOW`
+ * @raise ENOTSUP if `dirfd` or `path` use zip file system
 * @errors ENOENT, ENOTDIR, ENOSYS
 * @asyncsignalsafe
 * @see fchmod()
 */
 int fchmodat(int dirfd, const char *path, uint32_t mode, int flags) {
  int rc;
-  if (IsAsan() && !__asan_is_valid(path, 1)) {
+  if (IsAsan() && !__asan_is_valid_str(path)) {
    rc = efault();
  } else if (_weaken(__zipos_notat) &&
             (rc = __zipos_notat(dirfd, path)) == -1) {
-    rc = eopnotsupp();
+    rc = enotsup();
  } else if (!IsWindows()) {
    rc = sys_fchmodat(dirfd, path, mode, flags);
  } else {
@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@
 * @param gid is group id, or -1 to not change
 * @param flags can have AT_SYMLINK_NOFOLLOW, etc.
 * @return 0 on success, or -1 w/ errno
+ * @raise ENOTSUP if `dirfd` or `path` use zip file system
 * @see chown(), lchown() for shorthand notation
 * @see /etc/passwd for user ids
 * @see /etc/group for group ids
@@ -42,11 +43,11 @@
 int fchownat(int dirfd, const char *path, uint32_t uid, uint32_t gid,
             int flags) {
  int rc;
-  if (IsAsan() && !__asan_is_valid(path, 1)) {
+  if (IsAsan() && !__asan_is_valid_str(path)) {
    rc = efault();
  } else if (_weaken(__zipos_notat) &&
             (rc = __zipos_notat(dirfd, path)) == -1) {
-    STRACE("zipos fchownat not supported yet");
+    rc = enotsup();
  } else {
    rc = sys_fchownat(dirfd, path, uid, gid, flags);
  }
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 │ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
 │ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#include "libc/assert.h"
 #include "libc/calls/calls.h"
 #include "libc/calls/internal.h"
 #include "libc/calls/struct/fd.internal.h"
@@ -24,65 +25,131 @@
 #include "libc/calls/syscall_support-nt.internal.h"
 #include "libc/calls/wincrash.internal.h"
 #include "libc/errno.h"
+#include "libc/intrin/kmalloc.h"
 #include "libc/intrin/weaken.h"
+#include "libc/limits.h"
 #include "libc/log/backtrace.internal.h"
+#include "libc/macros.internal.h"
 #include "libc/nt/enum/filelockflags.h"
 #include "libc/nt/errors.h"
 #include "libc/nt/files.h"
 #include "libc/nt/runtime.h"
 #include "libc/nt/struct/byhandlefileinformation.h"
 #include "libc/nt/struct/overlapped.h"
+#include "libc/str/str.h"
 #include "libc/sysv/consts/f.h"
 #include "libc/sysv/consts/fd.h"
 #include "libc/sysv/consts/o.h"
 #include "libc/sysv/errfuns.h"
+#include "libc/thread/thread.h"

-bool __force_sqlite_to_work_until_we_can_fix_it;
+struct FileLock {
+  struct FileLock *next;
+  int64_t off;
+  int64_t len;
+  int fd;
+  bool exc;
+};

-static textwindows int sys_fcntl_nt_dupfd(int fd, int cmd, int start) {
-  if (start < 0) return einval();
-  return sys_dup_nt(fd, -1, (cmd == F_DUPFD_CLOEXEC ? O_CLOEXEC : 0), start);
+struct FileLocks {
+  pthread_mutex_t mu;
+  struct FileLock *list;
+  struct FileLock *free;
+};
+
+static struct FileLocks g_locks;
+
+static textwindows struct FileLock *NewFileLock(void) {
+  struct FileLock *fl;
+  if (g_locks.free) {
+    fl = g_locks.free;
+    g_locks.free = fl->next;
+  } else {
+    fl = kmalloc(sizeof(*fl));
+  }
+  bzero(fl, sizeof(*fl));
+  fl->next = g_locks.list;
+  g_locks.list = fl;
+  return fl;
 }

-static textwindows int sys_fcntl_nt_lock(struct Fd *f, int cmd, uintptr_t arg) {
+static textwindows void FreeFileLock(struct FileLock *fl) {
+  fl->next = g_locks.free;
+  g_locks.free = fl;
+}
+
+static textwindows bool OverlapsFileLock(struct FileLock *fl, int64_t off,
+                                         int64_t len) {
+  uint64_t BegA, EndA, BegB, EndB;
+  BegA = off;
+  EndA = off + (len - 1);
+  BegB = fl->off;
+  EndB = fl->off + (fl->len - 1);
+  return MAX(BegA, BegB) < MIN(EndA, EndB);
+}
+
+static textwindows bool EncompassesFileLock(struct FileLock *fl, int64_t off,
+                                            int64_t len) {
+  return off <= fl->off && fl->off + fl->len <= off + len;
+}
+
+static textwindows bool EqualsFileLock(struct FileLock *fl, int64_t off,
+                                       int64_t len) {
+  return fl->off == off && off + len == fl->off + fl->len;
+}
+
+_Hide textwindows void sys_fcntl_nt_lock_cleanup(int fd) {
+  struct FileLock *fl, *ft, **flp;
+  pthread_mutex_lock(&g_locks.mu);
+  for (flp = &g_locks.list, fl = *flp; fl;) {
+    if (fl->fd == fd) {
+      *flp = fl->next;
+      ft = fl->next;
+      FreeFileLock(fl);
+      fl = ft;
+    } else {
+      flp = &fl->next;
+      fl = *flp;
+    }
+  }
+  pthread_mutex_unlock(&g_locks.mu);
+}
+
+static textwindows int sys_fcntl_nt_lock(struct Fd *f, int fd, int cmd,
+                                         uintptr_t arg) {
  int e;
  struct flock *l;
  uint32_t flags, err;
-  int64_t pos, off, len, size;
-  struct NtByHandleFileInformation info;
-
-  if (!GetFileInformationByHandle(f->handle, &info)) {
-    return __winerr();
-  }
-
-  pos = 0;
-  if (!SetFilePointerEx(f->handle, 0, &pos, SEEK_CUR)) {
-    return __winerr();
-  }
+  struct FileLock *fl, *ft, **flp;
+  int64_t pos, off, len, end, size;

  l = (struct flock *)arg;
  len = l->l_len;
  off = l->l_start;
-  size = (uint64_t)info.nFileSizeHigh << 32 | info.nFileSizeLow;

  switch (l->l_whence) {
    case SEEK_SET:
      break;
    case SEEK_CUR:
-      off = pos + off;
+      pos = 0;
+      if (SetFilePointerEx(f->handle, 0, &pos, SEEK_CUR)) {
+        off = pos + off;
+      } else {
+        return __winerr();
+      }
      break;
    case SEEK_END:
-      off = size - off;
+      off = INT64_MAX - off;
      break;
    default:
      return einval();
  }

  if (!len) {
-    len = size - off;
+    len = INT64_MAX - off;
  }

-  if (off < 0 || len < 0) {
+  if (off < 0 || len < 0 || __builtin_add_overflow(off, len, &end)) {
    return einval();
  }

@@ -91,8 +158,57 @@ static textwindows int sys_fcntl_nt_lock(struct Fd *f, int cmd, uintptr_t arg) {
                            .Pointer = (void *)(uintptr_t)off};

  if (l->l_type == F_RDLCK || l->l_type == F_WRLCK) {
+
+    if (cmd == F_SETLK || cmd == F_SETLKW) {
+      // make it possible to transition read locks to write locks
+      for (flp = &g_locks.list, fl = *flp; fl;) {
+        if (fl->fd == fd) {
+          if (EqualsFileLock(fl, off, len)) {
+            if (fl->exc == l->l_type == F_WRLCK) {
+              // we already have this lock
+              return 0;
+            } else {
+              // unlock our read lock and acquire write lock below
+              if (UnlockFileEx(f->handle, 0, len, len >> 32, &ov)) {
+                *flp = fl->next;
+                ft = fl->next;
+                FreeFileLock(fl);
+                fl = ft;
+                continue;
+              } else {
+                return -1;
+              }
+            }
+            break;
+          } else if (OverlapsFileLock(fl, off, len)) {
+            return enotsup();
+          }
+        }
+        flp = &fl->next;
+        fl = *flp;
+      }
+    }
+
+    // return better information on conflicting locks if possible
+    if (cmd == F_GETLK) {
+      for (fl = g_locks.list; fl; fl = fl->next) {
+        if (fl->fd == fd &&  //
+            OverlapsFileLock(fl, off, len) &&
+            (l->l_type == F_WRLCK || !fl->exc)) {
+          l->l_whence = SEEK_SET;
+          l->l_start = fl->off;
+          l->l_len = fl->len;
+          l->l_type == fl->exc ? F_WRLCK : F_RDLCK;
+          l->l_pid = getpid();
+          return 0;
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
    flags = 0;
    if (cmd != F_SETLKW) {
+      // TODO(jart): we should use expo backoff in wrapper function
+      //             should not matter since sqlite doesn't need it
      flags |= kNtLockfileFailImmediately;
    }
    if (l->l_type == F_WRLCK) {
@@ -103,72 +219,132 @@ static textwindows int sys_fcntl_nt_lock(struct Fd *f, int cmd, uintptr_t arg) {
      if (ok) {
        l->l_type = F_UNLCK;
        if (!UnlockFileEx(f->handle, 0, len, len >> 32, &ov)) {
-          notpossible;
+          return -1;
        }
      } else {
        l->l_pid = -1;
        ok = true;
      }
+    } else if (ok) {
+      fl = NewFileLock();
+      fl->off = off;
+      fl->len = len;
+      fl->exc = l->l_type == F_WRLCK;
+      fl->fd = fd;
    }
-    if (ok || __force_sqlite_to_work_until_we_can_fix_it) {
-      return 0;
-    } else {
-      return -1;
-    }
+    return ok ? 0 : -1;
  }

  if (l->l_type == F_UNLCK) {
    if (cmd == F_GETLK) return einval();
-    e = errno;
-    if (UnlockFileEx(f->handle, 0, len, len >> 32, &ov)) {
-      return 0;
-    } else if (errno == ENOLCK) {
-      errno = e;
-      return 0;
-    } else {
-      return 0;
+
+    // allow a big range to unlock many small ranges
+    for (flp = &g_locks.list, fl = *flp; fl;) {
+      if (fl->fd == fd && EncompassesFileLock(fl, off, len)) {
+        struct NtOverlapped ov = {.hEvent = f->handle,
+                                  .Pointer = (void *)(uintptr_t)fl->off};
+        if (UnlockFileEx(f->handle, 0, fl->len, fl->len >> 32, &ov)) {
+          *flp = fl->next;
+          ft = fl->next;
+          FreeFileLock(fl);
+          fl = ft;
+        } else {
+          return -1;
+        }
+      } else {
+        flp = &fl->next;
+        fl = *flp;
+      }
    }
+
+    // win32 won't let us carve up existing locks
+    int overlap_count = 0;
+    for (fl = g_locks.list; fl; fl = fl->next) {
+      if (fl->fd == fd &&  //
+          OverlapsFileLock(fl, off, len)) {
+        ++overlap_count;
+      }
+    }
+
+    // try to handle the carving cases needed by sqlite
+    if (overlap_count == 1) {
+      for (fl = g_locks.list; fl; fl = fl->next) {
+        if (fl->fd == fd &&          //
+            off <= fl->off &&        //
+            off + len >= fl->off &&  //
+            off + len < fl->off + fl->len) {
+          // cleave left side of lock
+          struct NtOverlapped ov = {.hEvent = f->handle,
+                                    .Pointer = (void *)(uintptr_t)fl->off};
+          if (!UnlockFileEx(f->handle, 0, fl->len, fl->len >> 32, &ov)) {
+            return -1;
+          }
+          fl->len = (fl->off + fl->len) - (off + len);
+          fl->off = off + len;
+          ov.Pointer = (void *)(uintptr_t)fl->off;
+          if (!LockFileEx(f->handle, kNtLockfileExclusiveLock, 0, fl->len,
+                          fl->len >> 32, &ov)) {
+            return -1;
+          }
+          return 0;
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
+    if (overlap_count) {
+      return enotsup();
+    }
+
+    return 0;
  }

  return einval();
 }

+static textwindows int sys_fcntl_nt_dupfd(int fd, int cmd, int start) {
+  if (start < 0) return einval();
+  return sys_dup_nt(fd, -1, (cmd == F_DUPFD_CLOEXEC ? O_CLOEXEC : 0), start);
+}
+
 textwindows int sys_fcntl_nt(int fd, int cmd, uintptr_t arg) {
+  int rc;
  uint32_t flags;
  if (__isfdkind(fd, kFdFile) || __isfdkind(fd, kFdSocket)) {
    if (cmd == F_GETFL) {
-      return g_fds.p[fd].flags &
-             (O_ACCMODE | O_APPEND | O_ASYNC | O_DIRECT | O_NOATIME |
-              O_NONBLOCK | O_RANDOM | O_SEQUENTIAL);
+      rc = g_fds.p[fd].flags &
+           (O_ACCMODE | O_APPEND | O_ASYNC | O_DIRECT | O_NOATIME | O_NONBLOCK |
+            O_RANDOM | O_SEQUENTIAL);
    } else if (cmd == F_SETFL) {
      // O_APPEND doesn't appear to be tunable at cursory glance
      // O_NONBLOCK might require we start doing all i/o in threads
      // O_DSYNC / O_RSYNC / O_SYNC maybe if we fsync() everything
      // O_DIRECT | O_RANDOM | O_SEQUENTIAL | O_NDELAY possible but
      // not worth it.
-      return einval();
+      rc = enosys();
    } else if (cmd == F_GETFD) {
      if (g_fds.p[fd].flags & O_CLOEXEC) {
-        return FD_CLOEXEC;
+        rc = FD_CLOEXEC;
      } else {
-        return 0;
+        rc = 0;
      }
    } else if (cmd == F_SETFD) {
      if (arg & FD_CLOEXEC) {
        g_fds.p[fd].flags |= O_CLOEXEC;
-        return FD_CLOEXEC;
      } else {
        g_fds.p[fd].flags &= ~O_CLOEXEC;
-        return 0;
      }
+      rc = 0;
    } else if (cmd == F_SETLK || cmd == F_SETLKW || cmd == F_GETLK) {
-      return sys_fcntl_nt_lock(g_fds.p + fd, cmd, arg);
+      pthread_mutex_lock(&g_locks.mu);
+      rc = sys_fcntl_nt_lock(g_fds.p + fd, fd, cmd, arg);
+      pthread_mutex_unlock(&g_locks.mu);
    } else if (cmd == F_DUPFD || cmd == F_DUPFD_CLOEXEC) {
-      return sys_fcntl_nt_dupfd(fd, cmd, arg);
+      rc = sys_fcntl_nt_dupfd(fd, cmd, arg);
    } else {
-      return einval();
+      rc = einval();
    }
  } else {
-    return ebadf();
+    rc = ebadf();
  }
+  return rc;
 }
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@
 #include "libc/sysv/consts/o.h"
 #include "libc/sysv/errfuns.h"

-int sys_fcntl(int fd, int cmd, uintptr_t arg) {
+int sys_fcntl(int fd, int cmd, uintptr_t arg, int impl(int, int, ...)) {
  int e, rc;
  bool islock;
  if ((islock = cmd == F_GETLK ||  //
@@ -40,12 +40,12 @@ int sys_fcntl(int fd, int cmd, uintptr_t arg) {
    cosmo2flock(arg);
  }
  e = errno;
-  rc = __sys_fcntl(fd, cmd, arg);
+  rc = impl(fd, cmd, arg);
  if (islock) {
    flock2cosmo(arg);
  } else if (rc == -1 && cmd == F_DUPFD_CLOEXEC && errno == EINVAL) {
    errno = e;
-    rc = __fixupnewfd(__sys_fcntl(fd, F_DUPFD, arg), O_CLOEXEC);
+    rc = __fixupnewfd(impl(fd, F_DUPFD, arg), O_CLOEXEC);
  }
  return rc;
 }
@@ -17,17 +17,22 @@
 │ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
 #include "libc/calls/calls.h"
+#include "libc/calls/cp.internal.h"
 #include "libc/calls/internal.h"
+#include "libc/calls/struct/flock.h"
+#include "libc/calls/struct/flock.internal.h"
 #include "libc/calls/syscall-nt.internal.h"
 #include "libc/calls/syscall-sysv.internal.h"
 #include "libc/dce.h"
+#include "libc/intrin/describeflags.internal.h"
 #include "libc/intrin/strace.internal.h"
 #include "libc/intrin/weaken.h"
+#include "libc/sysv/consts/f.h"
 #include "libc/sysv/errfuns.h"
 #include "libc/zipos/zipos.internal.h"

 /**
- * Does things with file descriptor, via re-imagined hourglass api, e.g.
+ * Does things with file descriptor, e.g.
 *
 *     CHECK_NE(-1, fcntl(fd, F_SETFD, FD_CLOEXEC));
 *
@@ -37,16 +42,60 @@
 *     CHECK_GE((newfd = fcntl(oldfd, F_DUPFD,         3)), 3);
 *     CHECK_GE((newfd = fcntl(oldfd, F_DUPFD_CLOEXEC, 3)), 3);
 *
- * This function implements POSIX Advisory Locks, which let independent
- * processes (and on Windows, threads too!) read/write lock byte ranges
- * of files. See `test/libc/calls/lock_test.c` for an example.
+ * This function implements file record locking, which lets independent
+ * processes (and on Linux 3.15+, threads too!) lock arbitrary ranges
+ * associated with a file. See `test/libc/calls/lock_test.c` and other
+ * locking related tests in that folder.
 *
- * Please be warned that locks currently do nothing on Windows since
- * figuring out how to polyfill them correctly is a work in progress.
+ * On Windows, the Cosmopolitan Libc polyfill for POSIX advisory locks
+ * only implements enough of its nuances to support SQLite's needs. Some
+ * possibilities, e.g. punching holes in lock, will raise `ENOTSUP`.
 *
- * @param cmd can be F_{GET,SET}{FD,FL}, etc.
+ * @param fd is the file descriptor
+ * @param cmd can be one of:
+ *     - `F_GETFD` gets `FD_CLOEXEC` status of `fd
+ *     - `F_SETFD` sets `FD_CLOEXEC` status of `arg` file descriptor
+ *     - `F_GETFL` returns file descriptor status flags
+ *     - `F_SETFL` sets file descriptor status flags
+ *     - `F_DUPFD` is like dup() but `arg` is a minimum result, e.g. 3
+ *     - `F_DUPFD_CLOEXEC` ditto but sets `O_CLOEXEC` on returned fd
+ *     - `F_SETLK` for record locking where `arg` is `struct flock *`
+ *     - `F_SETLKW` ditto but waits for lock (SQLite avoids this)
+ *     - `F_GETLK` to retrieve information about a record lock
+ *     - `F_OFD_SETLK` for better non-blocking lock (Linux 3.15+ only)
+ *     - `F_OFD_SETLKW` for better blocking lock (Linux 3.15+ only)
+ *     - `F_OFD_GETLK` for better lock querying (Linux 3.15+ only)
+ *     - `F_FULLFSYNC` on MacOS for fsync() with release barrier
+ *     - `F_BARRIERFSYNC` on MacOS for fsync() with even more barriers
+ *     - `F_SETNOSIGPIPE` on MacOS and NetBSD to control `SIGPIPE`
+ *     - `F_GETNOSIGPIPE` on MacOS and NetBSD to control `SIGPIPE`
+ *     - `F_GETPATH` on MacOS and NetBSD where arg is `char[PATH_MAX]`
+ *     - `F_MAXFD` on NetBSD to get max open file descriptor
+ *     - `F_NOCACHE` on MacOS to toggle data caching
+ *     - `F_GETPIPE_SZ` on Linux to get pipe size
+ *     - `F_SETPIPE_SZ` on Linux to set pipe size
+ *     - `F_NOTIFY` raise `SIGIO` upon `fd` events in `arg` (Linux only)
+ *       - `DN_ACCESS` for file access
+ *       - `DN_MODIFY` for file modifications
+ *       - `DN_CREATE` for file creations
+ *       - `DN_DELETE` for file deletions
+ *       - `DN_RENAME` for file renames
+ *       - `DN_ATTRIB` for file attribute changes
+ *       - `DN_MULTISHOT` bitwise or for realtime signals (non-coalesced)
 * @param arg can be FD_CLOEXEC, etc. depending
 * @return 0 on success, or -1 w/ errno
+ * @raise EBADF if `fd` isn't a valid open file descriptor
+ * @raise EINVAL if `cmd` is unknown or unsupported by os
+ * @raise EINVAL if `cmd` is invalid or unsupported by os
+ * @raise EPERM if pledge() is in play w/o `stdio` or `flock` promise
+ * @raise ENOLCK if `F_SETLKW` would have exceeded `RLIMIT_LOCKS`
+ * @raise EPERM if `cmd` is `F_SETOWN` and we weren't authorized
+ * @raise ESRCH if `cmd` is `F_SETOWN` and process group not found
+ * @raise ENOTSUP on Windows if locking operation isn't supported yet
+ * @raise EDEADLK if `cmd` was `F_SETLKW` and waiting would deadlock
+ * @raise EMFILE if `cmd` is `F_DUPFD` or `F_DUPFD_CLOEXEC` and
+ *     `RLIMIT_NOFILE` would be exceeded
+ * @cancellationpoint when `cmd` is `F_SETLKW` or `F_OFD_SETLKW`
 * @asyncsignalsafe
 * @restartable
 */
@@ -54,20 +103,64 @@ int fcntl(int fd, int cmd, ...) {
  int rc;
  va_list va;
  uintptr_t arg;
+
  va_start(va, cmd);
  arg = va_arg(va, uintptr_t);
  va_end(va);
+
  if (fd >= 0) {
-    if (fd < g_fds.n && g_fds.p[fd].kind == kFdZip) {
-      rc = _weaken(__zipos_fcntl)(fd, cmd, arg);
-    } else if (!IsWindows()) {
-      rc = sys_fcntl(fd, cmd, arg);
+    if (cmd >= 0) {
+      if (fd < g_fds.n && g_fds.p[fd].kind == kFdZip) {
+        rc = _weaken(__zipos_fcntl)(fd, cmd, arg);
+      } else if (!IsWindows()) {
+        if (cmd == F_SETLKW || cmd == F_OFD_SETLKW) {
+          BEGIN_CANCELLATION_POINT;
+          rc = sys_fcntl(fd, cmd, arg, __sys_fcntl_cp);
+          END_CANCELLATION_POINT;
+        } else {
+          rc = sys_fcntl(fd, cmd, arg, __sys_fcntl);
+        }
+      } else {
+        rc = sys_fcntl_nt(fd, cmd, arg);
+      }
    } else {
-      rc = sys_fcntl_nt(fd, cmd, arg);
+      rc = einval();
    }
  } else {
-    rc = einval();
+    rc = ebadf();
  }
-  STRACE("fcntl(%d, %d, %p) → %#x% m", fd, cmd, arg, rc);
+
+#ifdef SYSDEBUG
+  if (cmd == F_GETFD ||         //
+      cmd == F_GETOWN ||        //
+      cmd == F_FULLFSYNC ||     //
+      cmd == F_BARRIERFSYNC ||  //
+      cmd == F_MAXFD) {
+    STRACE("fcntl(%d, %s) → %d% m", fd, DescribeFcntlCmd(cmd), rc);
+  } else if (cmd == F_GETFL) {
+    STRACE("fcntl(%d, %s) → %s% m", fd, DescribeFcntlCmd(cmd),
+           DescribeOpenFlags(rc));
+  } else if (cmd == F_SETLK ||                       //
+             cmd == F_SETLKW ||                      //
+             cmd == F_GETLK ||                       //
+             ((SupportsLinux() || SupportsXnu()) &&  //
+              cmd != -1 &&                           //
+              (cmd == F_OFD_SETLK ||                 //
+               cmd == F_OFD_SETLKW ||                //
+               cmd == F_OFD_GETLK))) {
+    STRACE("fcntl(%d, %s, %s) → %d% m", fd, DescribeFcntlCmd(cmd),
+           DescribeFlock(cmd, (struct flock *)arg), rc);
+  } else if ((SupportsNetbsd() || SupportsXnu()) && cmd != -1 &&
+             cmd == F_GETPATH) {
+    STRACE("fcntl(%d, %s, [%s]) → %d% m", fd, DescribeFcntlCmd(cmd),
+           !rc ? (const char *)arg : "n/a", rc);
+  } else if (SupportsLinux() && cmd != -1 && cmd == F_NOTIFY) {
+    STRACE("fcntl(%d, %s, %s) → %d% m", fd, DescribeFcntlCmd(cmd),
+           DescribeDnotifyFlags(arg), rc);
+  } else {
+    STRACE("fcntl(%d, %s, %ld) → %#x% m", fd, DescribeFcntlCmd(cmd), arg, rc);
+  }
+#endif
+
  return rc;
 }
@@ -23,5 +23,6 @@
 textwindows int sys_fdatasync_nt(int fd) {
  // TODO(jart): what should we do with worker pipes?
  if (!__isfdkind(fd, kFdFile)) return ebadf();
+  if (_check_interrupts(false, 0)) return -1;
  return FlushFileBuffers(g_fds.p[fd].handle) ? 0 : -1;
 }