feat(deployment): server groups for uploading to several servers at once

Deployment settings can hold server groups (+ › Server Group): a name and a set of the configured servers. Upload to… lists a group whenever one of its servers covers the selection and uploads to each of its servers in turn. Each server reports its result or error in its own notification, and a failure on one server doesn't stop the rest. Removing a server drops it from its groups. Upload to Default Server, download, sync and delete keep working on single servers.
test(i18n): allow "Python {short}" to read the same in every locale (#3147 )
2026-11-13 04:34:21 -10:00 · 2026-11-13 19:18:08 +08:00 · 2026-11-13 19:12:07 +08:00 · 2026-11-13 19:05:47 +08:00 · 2026-11-13 19:05:26 +08:00 · 2026-11-13 19:05:14 +08:00
335 changed files with 11097 additions and 995 deletions
@@ -151,6 +151,13 @@ jobs:
          $hash = (Get-FileHash $asset -Algorithm SHA256).Hash.ToLower()
          "$hash  $asset" | Out-File -Encoding ascii "$asset.sha256"
          gh release upload $env:TAG $asset "$asset.sha256" --clobber
+          if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) { exit $LASTEXITCODE }
+          if ($env:TAURI_SIGNING_PRIVATE_KEY) {
+            pnpm exec tauri signer sign --app-version $version $asset
+            if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) { exit $LASTEXITCODE }
+            gh release upload $env:TAG "$asset.sig" --clobber
+            if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) { exit $LASTEXITCODE }
+          }

  # The remote development server, per host platform it can run on. The desktop
  # app downloads the one for the host (ide-tools `server`) and installs it over SSH.
@@ -233,6 +240,8 @@ jobs:
              [/_x64\.app\.tar\.gz$/, ["darwin-x86_64", "darwin-x86_64-app"]],
              ...windows("aarch64", /_arm64_en-US\.msi$/, /_arm64-setup\.exe$/),
              ...windows("x86_64", /_x64_en-US\.msi$/, /_x64-setup\.exe$/),
+              [/_windows_arm64_portable\.zip$/, ["windows-aarch64-portable"]],
+              [/_windows_x64_portable\.zip$/, ["windows-x86_64-portable"]],
            ];
            const platforms = {};
            for (const sig of sigs) {
@@ -4144,7 +4144,7 @@ checksum = "3d3067d79b975e8844ca9eb072e16b31c3c1c36928edf9c6789548c524d0d954"

 [[package]]
 name = "ide-agent"
-version = "0.1.43"
+version = "0.1.44"
 dependencies = [
 "dunce",
 "encoding_rs",
@@ -4168,7 +4168,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "ide-analysis"
-version = "0.1.43"
+version = "0.1.44"
 dependencies = [
 "ast-grep-core",
 "ide-core",
@@ -4182,7 +4182,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "ide-android"
-version = "0.1.43"
+version = "0.1.44"
 dependencies = [
 "ide-core",
 "serde",
@@ -4193,7 +4193,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "ide-build"
-version = "0.1.43"
+version = "0.1.44"
 dependencies = [
 "blake3",
 "chardetng",
@@ -4211,7 +4211,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "ide-cli"
-version = "0.1.43"
+version = "0.1.44"
 dependencies = [
 "dirs 6.0.0",
 "serde",
@@ -4225,7 +4225,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "ide-clipboard"
-version = "0.1.43"
+version = "0.1.44"
 dependencies = [
 "gtk",
 "objc2 0.6.5",
@@ -4235,7 +4235,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "ide-core"
-version = "0.1.43"
+version = "0.1.44"
 dependencies = [
 "dunce",
 "encoding_rs",
@@ -4252,7 +4252,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "ide-coverage"
-version = "0.1.43"
+version = "0.1.44"
 dependencies = [
 "ide-core",
 "ide-run",
@@ -4266,7 +4266,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "ide-dap"
-version = "0.1.43"
+version = "0.1.44"
 dependencies = [
 "futures",
 "ide-core",
@@ -4292,7 +4292,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "ide-db"
-version = "0.1.43"
+version = "0.1.44"
 dependencies = [
 "base64 0.22.1",
 "bb8",
@@ -4328,7 +4328,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "ide-docker"
-version = "0.1.43"
+version = "0.1.44"
 dependencies = [
 "ide-core",
 "serde",
@@ -4341,7 +4341,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "ide-extension"
-version = "0.1.43"
+version = "0.1.44"
 dependencies = [
 "base64 0.22.1",
 "blake3",
@@ -4362,7 +4362,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "ide-fonts"
-version = "0.1.43"
+version = "0.1.44"
 dependencies = [
 "objc2-core-foundation",
 "objc2-core-text",
@@ -4374,7 +4374,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "ide-github"
-version = "0.1.43"
+version = "0.1.44"
 dependencies = [
 "ide-core",
 "ide-vcs",
@@ -4387,7 +4387,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "ide-heap"
-version = "0.1.43"
+version = "0.1.44"
 dependencies = [
 "criterion",
 "ide-core",
@@ -4405,7 +4405,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "ide-host"
-version = "0.1.43"
+version = "0.1.44"
 dependencies = [
 "base64 0.22.1",
 "blake3",
@@ -4476,7 +4476,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "ide-http"
-version = "0.1.43"
+version = "0.1.44"
 dependencies = [
 "ide-core",
 "ide-vfs",
@@ -4495,7 +4495,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "ide-index"
-version = "0.1.43"
+version = "0.1.44"
 dependencies = [
 "blake3",
 "criterion",
@@ -4517,7 +4517,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "ide-jdwp"
-version = "0.1.43"
+version = "0.1.44"
 dependencies = [
 "ide-jvm-inspect",
 "proptest",
@@ -4529,7 +4529,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "ide-jsonrpc"
-version = "0.1.43"
+version = "0.1.44"
 dependencies = [
 "encoding_rs",
 "futures",
@@ -4546,7 +4546,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "ide-jvm-attach"
-version = "0.1.43"
+version = "0.1.44"
 dependencies = [
 "libc",
 "tempfile",
@@ -4555,7 +4555,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "ide-jvm-inspect"
-version = "0.1.43"
+version = "0.1.44"
 dependencies = [
 "futures",
 "serde",
@@ -4566,7 +4566,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "ide-language"
-version = "0.1.43"
+version = "0.1.44"
 dependencies = [
 "blake3",
 "criterion",
@@ -4623,7 +4623,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "ide-lsp"
-version = "0.1.43"
+version = "0.1.44"
 dependencies = [
 "dunce",
 "encoding_rs",
@@ -4651,7 +4651,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "ide-mcp"
-version = "0.1.43"
+version = "0.1.44"
 dependencies = [
 "bytes",
 "dunce",
@@ -4670,7 +4670,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "ide-notebook"
-version = "0.1.43"
+version = "0.1.44"
 dependencies = [
 "futures",
 "ide-core",
@@ -4693,7 +4693,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "ide-plugin"
-version = "0.1.43"
+version = "0.1.44"
 dependencies = [
 "blake3",
 "dunce",
@@ -4716,7 +4716,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "ide-profiler"
-version = "0.1.43"
+version = "0.1.44"
 dependencies = [
 "ide-core",
 "ide-jvm-attach",
@@ -4730,7 +4730,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "ide-remote"
-version = "0.1.43"
+version = "0.1.44"
 dependencies = [
 "dunce",
 "futures",
@@ -4750,7 +4750,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "ide-run"
-version = "0.1.43"
+version = "0.1.44"
 dependencies = [
 "dunce",
 "encoding_rs",
@@ -4774,7 +4774,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "ide-scaffold"
-version = "0.1.43"
+version = "0.1.44"
 dependencies = [
 "ide-core",
 "ide-tools",
@@ -4790,7 +4790,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "ide-sdk"
-version = "0.1.43"
+version = "0.1.44"
 dependencies = [
 "dunce",
 "ide-core",
@@ -4811,7 +4811,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "ide-search"
-version = "0.1.43"
+version = "0.1.44"
 dependencies = [
 "criterion",
 "encoding_rs",
@@ -4832,7 +4832,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "ide-spell"
-version = "0.1.43"
+version = "0.1.44"
 dependencies = [
 "ide-core",
 "parking_lot",
@@ -4845,7 +4845,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "ide-ssh"
-version = "0.1.43"
+version = "0.1.44"
 dependencies = [
 "dirs 6.0.0",
 "flate2",
@@ -4870,7 +4870,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "ide-syntax"
-version = "0.1.43"
+version = "0.1.44"
 dependencies = [
 "ide-core",
 "ide-language",
@@ -4885,7 +4885,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "ide-terminal"
-version = "0.1.43"
+version = "0.1.44"
 dependencies = [
 "ide-core",
 "libc",
@@ -4898,7 +4898,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "ide-text"
-version = "0.1.43"
+version = "0.1.44"
 dependencies = [
 "criterion",
 "ide-core",
@@ -4911,7 +4911,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "ide-tools"
-version = "0.1.43"
+version = "0.1.44"
 dependencies = [
 "flate2",
 "hex",
@@ -4932,7 +4932,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "ide-vcs"
-version = "0.1.43"
+version = "0.1.44"
 dependencies = [
 "blake3",
 "dunce",
@@ -4953,7 +4953,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "ide-vfs"
-version = "0.1.43"
+version = "0.1.44"
 dependencies = [
 "chardetng",
 "dunce",
@@ -4977,7 +4977,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "ide-web"
-version = "0.1.43"
+version = "0.1.44"
 dependencies = [
 "dirs 6.0.0",
 "ide-core",
@@ -4993,7 +4993,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "ide-workspace"
-version = "0.1.43"
+version = "0.1.44"
 dependencies = [
 "blake3",
 "dunce",
@@ -6594,7 +6594,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "openidea"
-version = "0.1.43"
+version = "0.1.44"
 dependencies = [
 "base64 0.22.1",
 "blake3",
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ members = ["crates/*", "src-tauri"]
 exclude = ["sdk", "plugins"]

 [workspace.package]
-version = "0.1.43"
+version = "0.1.44"
 edition = "2024"
 rust-version = "1.96"
 license = "Apache-2.0"
@@ -225,6 +225,15 @@ fn same_file(a: &Path, b: &Path) -> bool {
    }
 }

+/// The bytes of `path` (`Some(None)`: no file there), or `None` when it is there but can't be read.
+fn existing(path: &Path) -> Option<Option<Vec<u8>>> {
+    match std::fs::read(path) {
+        Ok(bytes) => Some(Some(bytes)),
+        Err(e) if e.kind() == std::io::ErrorKind::NotFound => Some(None),
+        Err(_) => None,
+    }
+}
+
 fn crlf_to_lf(bytes: &[u8]) -> Vec<u8> {
    let mut out = Vec::with_capacity(bytes.len());
    for (i, &b) in bytes.iter().enumerate() {
@@ -411,25 +420,31 @@ pub(crate) fn accept(
    let copyable = |rel: &str| task_side.allows(rel) && checkout_side.allows(rel);
    let renamed_from: BTreeMap<String, String> =
        repo.diff_with_worktree(base)?.into_iter().filter_map(|f| Some((f.path, f.old_path?))).collect();
-    // Brings one path of the checkout to the task's version, unless the checkout changed it itself.
-    let apply = |rel: &str| -> IdeResult<bool> {
-        let local = local_root.join(rel);
+    // The task's version of one path of the checkout (`Some(None)`: absent there), or `None` when
+    // the checkout changed it itself.
+    let target = |rel: &str| -> IdeResult<Option<Option<Vec<u8>>>> {
        let in_task = repo.root().join(rel);
-        let base_bytes = repo.file_bytes_at(&in_task, Some(base))?;
        let current = std::fs::read(&in_task).ok();
-        let local_bytes = std::fs::read(&local).ok();
+        // A file there that can't be read is the checkout's own: never written over.
+        let Some(local_bytes) = existing(&local_root.join(rel)) else { return Ok(None) };
        if local_bytes == current {
-            return Ok(true);
+            return Ok(Some(current));
        }
+        let base_bytes = repo.file_bytes_at(&in_task, Some(base))?;
        // The checkout may hold the committed LF text with CRLF line ends (`core.autocrlf`).
        let unchanged = match (&local_bytes, &base_bytes) {
            (Some(now), Some(at_base)) => now == at_base || crlf_to_lf(now) == *at_base,
            (now, at_base) => now == at_base,
        };
-        if !unchanged {
-            return Ok(false);
+        Ok(unchanged.then_some(current))
+    };
+    // Puts `bytes` (`None`: nothing) at `rel` of the checkout.
+    let write = |rel: &str, bytes: Option<Vec<u8>>| -> IdeResult<()> {
+        let local = local_root.join(rel);
+        if std::fs::read(&local).ok() == bytes {
+            return Ok(());
        }
-        match current {
+        match bytes {
            Some(bytes) => {
                if let Some(parent) = local.parent() {
                    std::fs::create_dir_all(parent)?;
@@ -441,6 +456,12 @@ pub(crate) fn accept(
                _ => {}
            },
        }
+        Ok(())
+    };
+    // Brings one path of the checkout to the task's version, unless the checkout changed it itself.
+    let apply = |rel: &str| -> IdeResult<bool> {
+        let Some(bytes) = target(rel)? else { return Ok(false) };
+        write(rel, bytes)?;
        Ok(true)
    };
    let mut accepted = Vec::with_capacity(changes.len());
@@ -466,8 +487,9 @@ pub(crate) fn accept(
        // A case-only rename (`a.txt` → `A.txt`). Where the disk resolves both
        // spellings to one file it is renamed in place and `apply` then refreshes
        // the content. On a case-sensitive disk the two names are different files:
-        // the old one's unchanged-ness (it is the file the checkout had) decides —
-        // then the task's version lands at the new name and the old one goes.
+        // both are checked before either changes — the old one must be the file the
+        // checkout had, the new one absent or already the task's — then the task's
+        // version lands at the new name before the old one goes.
        let case_only =
            old.is_some_and(|o| o != &change.rel_path && o.to_lowercase() == change.rel_path.to_lowercase());
        if case_only {
@@ -476,20 +498,18 @@ pub(crate) fn accept(
            if same_file(&old_path, &new_path) {
                std::fs::rename(&old_path, &new_path)?;
            } else {
-                if !apply(old)? {
+                let Some(old_target) = target(old)? else {
                    skipped.push(skip(old));
                    continue;
+                };
+                let task_bytes = std::fs::read(repo.root().join(&change.rel_path)).ok();
+                let at_new = existing(&new_path);
+                if at_new.as_ref().is_none_or(|at_new| at_new.is_some() && *at_new != task_bytes) {
+                    skipped.push(skip(&change.rel_path));
+                    continue;
                }
-                // `apply(old)` removed the old file (the task's tree has it only at
-                // the new name); now write that version under the new name. `apply`
-                // can't do it — it reads the new name's own base/absence — so the
-                // write is open-coded from the same task bytes `apply` would use.
-                if let Ok(bytes) = std::fs::read(repo.root().join(&change.rel_path)) {
-                    if let Some(parent) = new_path.parent() {
-                        std::fs::create_dir_all(parent)?;
-                    }
-                    std::fs::write(&new_path, bytes)?;
-                }
+                write(&change.rel_path, task_bytes)?;
+                write(old, old_target)?;
                accepted.push(change.rel_path.clone());
                continue;
            }
@@ -960,6 +980,41 @@ mod tests {
        assert_eq!(names, ["A.txt"]);
    }

+    #[test]
+    fn a_case_only_rename_keeps_a_file_the_checkout_has_at_the_new_name() {
+        let (_tmp, repo, created) = accept_repo();
+        std::fs::write(repo.join("A.txt"), "mine\n").unwrap();
+        if std::fs::read_to_string(repo.join("a.txt")).unwrap() == "mine\n" {
+            eprintln!("this disk doesn't tell a.txt from A.txt; nothing to check");
+            return;
+        }
+        git(&created.path, &["mv", "a.txt", "A.txt"]);
+        let changes = listed(&created.path, &created.base_commit);
+        let outcome = accept(&repo, &created.path, &created.base_commit, &changes).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(outcome.skipped.iter().map(|s| s.path.as_str()).collect::<Vec<_>>(), ["A.txt"]);
+        assert_eq!(std::fs::read_to_string(repo.join("A.txt")).unwrap(), "mine\n");
+        assert_eq!(std::fs::read_to_string(repo.join("a.txt")).unwrap(), "one\ntwo\n");
+    }
+
+    #[cfg(unix)]
+    #[test]
+    fn accept_leaves_a_checkout_file_it_cannot_read() {
+        use std::os::unix::fs::PermissionsExt;
+        let (_tmp, repo, created) = accept_repo();
+        std::fs::write(created.path.join("new.txt"), "task\n").unwrap();
+        std::fs::write(repo.join("new.txt"), "mine\n").unwrap();
+        std::fs::set_permissions(repo.join("new.txt"), std::fs::Permissions::from_mode(0o200)).unwrap();
+        if std::fs::read(repo.join("new.txt")).is_ok() {
+            eprintln!("running as a user that reads any file; nothing to check");
+            return;
+        }
+        let changes = listed(&created.path, &created.base_commit);
+        let outcome = accept(&repo, &created.path, &created.base_commit, &changes).unwrap();
+        std::fs::set_permissions(repo.join("new.txt"), std::fs::Permissions::from_mode(0o644)).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(outcome.skipped.iter().map(|s| s.path.as_str()).collect::<Vec<_>>(), ["new.txt"]);
+        assert_eq!(std::fs::read_to_string(repo.join("new.txt")).unwrap(), "mine\n");
+    }
+
    #[cfg(windows)]
    #[test]
    fn accept_does_not_write_into_the_checkouts_git_folder_through_its_short_name() {
@@ -12,7 +12,8 @@ mod up_to_date;
 pub use fingerprint::{LaunchFingerprint, launch_fingerprint, menu_fingerprint};
 pub use launch_resources::process_launch_resources;
 pub use single::{
-    SingleFileTarget, compile_file_plan, find_javac, javac_step, single_file_classpath, single_file_target,
+    SingleFileTarget, compile_file_plan, find_javac, javac_step, module_classpath, single_file_classpath,
+    single_file_target,
 };
 pub use up_to_date::{menu_up_to_date, record_menu_build};

@@ -4,12 +4,21 @@
 //! walks the whole reactor; compiling one file only needs that file's module
 //! outputs plus its dependency classpath, which is much faster to assemble.
 use super::*;
+use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
 use std::fs;
 use std::process::Command as ProcCommand;

 /// Output file of the `dependency:build-classpath` probe, relative to each module.
 const CP_FILE: &str = "target/ide-compile-cp.txt";

+/// The resolved dependency classpath for one module and scope, tied to the same
+/// inputs as its launch build so POM, JDK, settings and profile changes invalidate it.
+#[derive(Debug, Deserialize, Serialize)]
+struct CachedClasspath {
+    fingerprint: LaunchFingerprint,
+    classpath: String,
+}
+
 /// A `.java` source and the module build that compiles it.
 pub struct SingleFileTarget {
    /// Absolute module directory.
@@ -64,6 +73,28 @@ pub fn single_file_target(root: &Path, model: &BuildModel, file: &Path) -> IdeRe
    Ok(SingleFileTarget { module, test, out_dir, top: top.clone(), pl, java_version: project.java_version })
 }

+/// The Maven reactor target for a launch module whose source file is not known yet.
+fn module_target(root: &Path, model: &BuildModel, module: &Path, test: bool) -> IdeResult<SingleFileTarget> {
+    let Some(m) = &model.maven else {
+        return Err(IdeError::not_found("no linked Maven project found for module"));
+    };
+    let module = if module.is_absolute() { module.to_path_buf() } else { root.join(module) };
+    let project = m
+        .projects
+        .iter()
+        .find(|p| root.join(&p.dir) == module)
+        .ok_or_else(|| IdeError::not_found("no linked Maven project found for module"))?;
+    if project.packaging == "pom" {
+        return Err(IdeError::not_found("the launch module is a Maven aggregator without sources"));
+    }
+    let top = maven_reactor(m, &project.dir)
+        .ok_or_else(|| IdeError::not_found("no linked Maven reactor found for module"))?;
+    let top_dir = subdir(root, &top.dir);
+    let pl = module.strip_prefix(&top_dir).map(|r| r.to_string_lossy().replace('\\', "/")).unwrap_or_default();
+    let out_dir = module.join("target").join(if test { "test-classes" } else { "classes" });
+    Ok(SingleFileTarget { module, test, out_dir, top: top.clone(), pl, java_version: project.java_version })
+}
+
 /// `javac` for the module: its `JAVA_HOME`, else `PATH`.
 pub fn find_javac(env: &BTreeMap<String, String>) -> String {
    let home = env.get("JAVA_HOME").map(Path::new);
@@ -78,6 +109,88 @@ pub fn find_javac(env: &BTreeMap<String, String>) -> String {
 /// `mvn dependency:build-classpath` (which resolves without compiling anything,
 /// so `-am` stays cheap). Entries are platform-separated (`;` on Windows).
 pub fn single_file_classpath(root: &Path, model: &BuildModel, target: &SingleFileTarget) -> IdeResult<String> {
+    classpath(root, model, target, "test", false)
+}
+
+/// Runtime (or test) dependency classpath for a launch module.
+///
+/// The Java language server runs on its own JDK, so its Maven model can select a
+/// different JDK profile and dependency classifier than the project launch. Use the
+/// same Maven process that builds the module instead.
+pub fn module_classpath(
+    root: &Path,
+    model: &BuildModel,
+    module: &Path,
+    test: bool,
+    local_repo: Option<PathBuf>,
+    cache: &Path,
+    cancel: &ide_core::CancellationToken,
+) -> IdeResult<String> {
+    let target = module_target(root, model, module, test)?;
+    let fingerprint = launch_fingerprint(root, model, &target.module, test, local_repo, cancel)?;
+    let cache_path = classpath_cache_path(root, cache, &target.module, test);
+    if let (Some(fingerprint), Some(path)) = (&fingerprint, &cache_path)
+        && let Ok(bytes) = fs::read(path)
+        && let Ok(cached) = serde_json::from_slice::<CachedClasspath>(&bytes)
+        && cached.fingerprint == *fingerprint
+        && classpath_entries_exist(root, &cached.classpath)
+    {
+        return Ok(cached.classpath);
+    }
+    let classpath = classpath(root, model, &target, if test { "test" } else { "runtime" }, true)?;
+    if cancel.is_cancelled() {
+        return Err(IdeError::cancelled());
+    }
+    if let (Some(fingerprint), Some(path)) = (fingerprint, cache_path) {
+        let cached = CachedClasspath { fingerprint, classpath: classpath.clone() };
+        if let Err(error) = cache_classpath(&path, &cached) {
+            tracing::debug!(path = %path.display(), %error, "Cannot cache the Java launch classpath");
+        }
+    }
+    Ok(classpath)
+}
+
+/// One cache file per module and scope. Mirroring the module path keeps nested
+/// modules and their different dependency scopes from overwriting each other.
+fn classpath_cache_path(root: &Path, cache: &Path, module: &Path, test: bool) -> Option<PathBuf> {
+    let relative = module.strip_prefix(root).ok()?;
+    let mut path = cache.join("java-launch/classpaths");
+    path.push(if relative.as_os_str().is_empty() { Path::new("_root") } else { relative });
+    path.push(if test { "test.json" } else { "runtime.json" });
+    Some(path)
+}
+
+/// Best-effort cache persistence. A failed write only costs one later Maven
+/// probe, so the launch still succeeds even when the cache directory is unusable.
+fn cache_classpath(path: &Path, cached: &CachedClasspath) -> IdeResult<()> {
+    if let Some(parent) = path.parent() {
+        fs::create_dir_all(parent)?;
+    }
+    fs::write(path, serde_json::to_vec(cached).map_err(|e| IdeError::internal(e.to_string()))?)?;
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+/// A cache entry stays valid while every file exists. Maven also emits reactor
+/// output directories for modules with no classes, which may legitimately never be
+/// created; the launch snapshot already supplies the module's classes in that case.
+fn classpath_entries_exist(root: &Path, classpath: &str) -> bool {
+    // Temp directories on macOS are commonly reached through `/var`, while Maven
+    // reports the canonical `/private/var` path. Compare against both spellings.
+    let canonical_root = dunce::canonicalize(root).unwrap_or_else(|_| root.to_path_buf());
+    std::env::split_paths(classpath).all(|entry| {
+        entry.exists()
+            || ((entry.starts_with(root) || entry.starts_with(&canonical_root))
+                && (entry.ends_with(Path::new("target/classes")) || entry.ends_with(Path::new("target/test-classes"))))
+    })
+}
+
+fn classpath(
+    root: &Path,
+    model: &BuildModel,
+    target: &SingleFileTarget,
+    scope: &str,
+    compile_first: bool,
+) -> IdeResult<String> {
    let mut entries: Vec<String> = Vec::new();
    // The module's own classes first: the file almost always uses classes next to it.
    let own: &[&str] = if target.test { &["target/test-classes", "target/classes"] } else { &["target/classes"] };
@@ -110,7 +223,14 @@ pub fn single_file_classpath(root: &Path, model: &BuildModel, target: &SingleFil
        args.extend(["-pl", target.pl.as_str(), "-am"]);
    }
    let output_arg = format!("-Dmdep.outputFile={probe}");
-    args.extend(["dependency:build-classpath", output_arg.as_str(), "-Dmdep.includeScope=test", "-q"]);
+    let scope_arg = format!("-Dmdep.includeScope={scope}");
+    // A launch build may only have reached `compile`. Running `compile` in this
+    // same Maven session lets the dependency plugin resolve Reactor siblings from
+    // their target/classes without paying for package-phase plugins.
+    if compile_first {
+        args.push("compile");
+    }
+    args.extend(["dependency:build-classpath", output_arg.as_str(), scope_arg.as_str(), "-q"]);
    let top_dir = subdir(root, &target.top.dir);
    let status = ProcCommand::new(&target.top.command)
        .args(&args)
@@ -119,8 +239,10 @@ pub fn single_file_classpath(root: &Path, model: &BuildModel, target: &SingleFil
        .output()
        .map_err(|e| IdeError::internal(format!("cannot resolve the compile classpath: {e}")))?;
    if !status.status.success() {
+        let stdout = String::from_utf8_lossy(&status.stdout);
        let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&status.stderr);
-        let tail: Vec<&str> = stderr.lines().filter(|l| !l.trim().is_empty()).collect();
+        // Maven reports reactor/dependency failures on stdout, not only stderr.
+        let tail: Vec<&str> = stdout.lines().chain(stderr.lines()).filter(|l| !l.trim().is_empty()).collect();
        let tail = tail.iter().rev().take(5).rev().cloned().collect::<Vec<_>>().join("\n");
        return Err(IdeError::internal(format!("cannot resolve the compile classpath:\n{tail}")));
    }
@@ -305,7 +427,7 @@ mod tests {
        let script = root.join("mvnw");
        fs::write(
            &script,
-            "#!/bin/sh\npl='.'\nwhile [ $# -gt 0 ]; do\nif [ \"$1\" = \"-pl\" ]; then pl=\"$2\"; shift 2; else shift; fi\ndone\nmkdir -p \"$pl/target\"\nprintf '/repo/a.jar:/repo/b.jar' > \"$pl/target/ide-compile-cp.txt\"\n",
+            "#!/bin/sh\nprintf '%s\\n' \"$@\" > args.txt\npl='.'\nwhile [ $# -gt 0 ]; do\nif [ \"$1\" = \"-pl\" ]; then pl=\"$2\"; shift 2; else shift; fi\ndone\nmkdir -p \"$pl/target\"\nprintf '/repo/a.jar:/repo/b.jar' > \"$pl/target/ide-compile-cp.txt\"\n",
        )
        .unwrap();
        fs::set_permissions(&script, fs::Permissions::from_mode(0o755)).unwrap();
@@ -327,5 +449,90 @@ mod tests {
        assert!(cp.contains("/repo/a.jar"), "{cp}");
        assert!(cp.contains("/repo/b.jar"), "{cp}");
        assert!(cp.split(separator).count() >= 3, "{cp}");
+        let args = fs::read_to_string(root.join("args.txt")).unwrap();
+        assert!(!args.lines().any(|a| a == "compile" || a == "package"), "{args}");
+    }
+
+    /// A launch uses runtime dependencies, while tests additionally see test-scope ones.
+    #[cfg(unix)]
+    #[test]
+    fn launch_module_classpath_uses_the_matching_dependency_scope() {
+        use std::os::unix::fs::PermissionsExt;
+
+        let dir = tempfile::tempdir().unwrap();
+        let root = dir.path();
+        fixture(root);
+        let script = root.join("mvnw");
+        fs::write(
+            &script,
+            "#!/bin/sh\nprintf '%s\\n' \"$@\" > args.txt\npl='.'\nwhile [ $# -gt 0 ]; do\nif [ \"$1\" = \"-pl\" ]; then pl=\"$2\"; shift 2; else shift; fi\ndone\nmkdir -p \"$pl/target\"\nprintf '/repo/runtime.jar:/repo/test.jar' > \"$pl/target/ide-compile-cp.txt\"\n",
+        )
+        .unwrap();
+        fs::set_permissions(&script, fs::Permissions::from_mode(0o755)).unwrap();
+        let model = crate::load(root, &root.join("cache"), None);
+
+        let cache = root.join("cache");
+        let runtime =
+            module_classpath(root, &model, &root.join("app"), false, None, &cache, &CancellationToken::new()).unwrap();
+        assert!(runtime.contains("/repo/runtime.jar"), "{runtime}");
+        let args = fs::read_to_string(root.join("args.txt")).unwrap();
+        assert!(args.lines().any(|a| a == "compile"), "{args}");
+        assert!(!args.lines().any(|a| a == "package"), "{args}");
+        assert!(args.lines().any(|a| a == "-Dmdep.includeScope=runtime"), "{args}");
+
+        let test =
+            module_classpath(root, &model, &root.join("app"), true, None, &cache, &CancellationToken::new()).unwrap();
+        assert!(test.contains("/repo/test.jar"), "{test}");
+        let args = fs::read_to_string(root.join("args.txt")).unwrap();
+        assert!(args.lines().any(|a| a == "-Dmdep.includeScope=test"), "{args}");
+    }
+
+    /// The launch classpath follows the Maven runner JDK and is reused until that
+    /// build input changes; the probe does not run packaging plugins.
+    #[cfg(unix)]
+    #[test]
+    fn launch_classpath_cache_follows_the_runner_jdk() {
+        use std::os::unix::fs::PermissionsExt;
+
+        let dir = tempfile::tempdir().unwrap();
+        let root = dir.path();
+        fixture(root);
+        let script = root.join("mvnw");
+        // `dependency:build-classpath` reports reactor outputs as absolute paths. Keep
+        // the fake probe faithful so the cache's existence check sees the output.
+        fs::write(
+            &script,
+            "#!/bin/sh\nprintf x >> calls.txt\npl='.'\nwhile [ $# -gt 0 ]; do\nif [ \"$1\" = \"-pl\" ]; then pl=\"$2\"; shift 2; else shift; fi\ndone\nmkdir -p \"$pl/target/classes\" \"$JAVA_HOME/classpath\"\n: > \"$JAVA_HOME/classpath/jdk.jar\"\nprintf '%s/classpath/jdk.jar:%s/%s/target/classes:%s/empty/target/classes' \"$JAVA_HOME\" \"$(pwd)\" \"$pl\" \"$(pwd)\" > \"$pl/target/ide-compile-cp.txt\"\n",
+        )
+        .unwrap();
+        fs::set_permissions(&script, fs::Permissions::from_mode(0o755)).unwrap();
+        let mut model = crate::load(root, &root.join("cache"), None);
+        for (name, version) in [("jdk21", "21"), ("jdk8", "8")] {
+            let home = root.join(name);
+            fs::create_dir_all(home.join("bin")).unwrap();
+            fs::write(home.join("release"), format!("JAVA_VERSION=\"{version}\"\n")).unwrap();
+            fs::write(home.join("bin/java"), "").unwrap();
+        }
+        let cache = root.join("classpath-cache");
+        let cancel = CancellationToken::new();
+        let jdk21 = root.join("jdk21");
+        for project in &mut model.maven.as_mut().unwrap().projects {
+            project.env.insert("JAVA_HOME".into(), jdk21.to_string_lossy().into_owned());
+        }
+        let first = module_classpath(root, &model, &root.join("app"), false, None, &cache, &cancel).unwrap();
+        assert!(first.contains("jdk21/classpath/jdk.jar"), "{first}");
+        assert!(!first.contains("jdk8/classpath/jdk.jar"), "{first}");
+        let second = module_classpath(root, &model, &root.join("app"), false, None, &cache, &cancel).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(second, first);
+        assert_eq!(fs::read_to_string(root.join("calls.txt")).unwrap(), "x");
+
+        let jdk8 = root.join("jdk8");
+        for project in &mut model.maven.as_mut().unwrap().projects {
+            project.env.insert("JAVA_HOME".into(), jdk8.to_string_lossy().into_owned());
+        }
+        let switched = module_classpath(root, &model, &root.join("app"), false, None, &cache, &cancel).unwrap();
+        assert!(switched.contains("jdk8/classpath/jdk.jar"), "{switched}");
+        assert!(!switched.contains("jdk21/classpath/jdk.jar"), "{switched}");
+        assert_eq!(fs::read_to_string(root.join("calls.txt")).unwrap(), "xx");
    }
 }
@@ -712,18 +712,27 @@ pub(crate) fn launch_inputs(
        // Profile activation may depend on the presence of an otherwise unrelated file.
        let activation = parent == "file" && matches!(el.name.as_str(), "exists" | "missing");
        if input || activation {
-            // Other properties can be overridden by -D, profiles or settings.
-            // Without Maven's effective roots, conservatively disable reuse for them.
-            let value = el
-                .text
-                .trim()
-                .replace("${project.basedir}", &dir.to_string_lossy())
-                .replace("${basedir}", &dir.to_string_lossy());
-            if value.contains("${") {
-                return None;
-            }
-            if !value.is_empty() {
-                out.push(dir.join(value));
+            // A source root under Maven's build directory is generated by the build itself.
+            // Skip it without resolving the property: `<build><directory>` may be custom, and
+            // hashing its rewritten files would make every launch look changed.
+            if !(input && el.text.contains("${project.build.directory}")) {
+                // Other properties can be overridden by -D, profiles or settings. Without
+                // Maven's effective model, leave them unresolved to conservatively disable reuse.
+                let value = el
+                    .text
+                    .trim()
+                    .replace("${project.basedir}", &dir.to_string_lossy())
+                    .replace("${basedir}", &dir.to_string_lossy());
+                if value.contains("${") {
+                    return None;
+                }
+                if !value.is_empty() {
+                    let path = dir.join(value);
+                    // Conventional generated sources under target are also build outputs.
+                    if !(input && path.starts_with(dir.join("target"))) {
+                        out.push(path);
+                    }
+                }
            }
        }
        for child in &el.children {
@@ -2140,6 +2149,52 @@ mod tests {
        assert_eq!(known.goals, ["compile", "help", "testCompile"], "the common plugins keep their table");
    }

+    #[test]
+    fn launch_inputs_skip_generated_sources_under_the_project_build_directory() {
+        let tmp = tempfile::tempdir().unwrap();
+        let root = tmp.path();
+        write(
+            root,
+            "pom.xml",
+            "<project><groupId>demo</groupId><artifactId>parent</artifactId><version>1</version>\
+             <packaging>pom</packaging><modules><module>app</module></modules></project>",
+        );
+        write(
+            root,
+            "app/pom.xml",
+            r#"<project><parent><groupId>demo</groupId><artifactId>parent</artifactId><version>1</version></parent>
+               <artifactId>app</artifactId><build><plugins><plugin>
+                 <groupId>org.codehaus.mojo</groupId><artifactId>build-helper-maven-plugin</artifactId>
+                 <executions><execution><configuration><sources>
+                   <source>${project.build.directory}/generated-sources/java</source>
+                 </sources></configuration></execution></executions>
+               </plugin></plugins></build></project>"#,
+        );
+        let model = load_with_repo(root, None);
+        let projects: Vec<&MavenProject> = model.projects.iter().collect();
+        let inputs = launch_inputs(root, &projects, None).expect("portable launch inputs");
+        assert!(!inputs.contains(&root.join("app/target/generated-sources/java")), "{inputs:?}");
+        assert!(inputs.contains(&root.join("app/src")), "conventional sources stay fingerprinted");
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn launch_inputs_disable_reuse_for_file_activation_on_the_build_directory() {
+        let tmp = tempfile::tempdir().unwrap();
+        let root = tmp.path();
+        write(
+            root,
+            "pom.xml",
+            r#"<project><groupId>demo</groupId><artifactId>app</artifactId><version>1</version>
+               <build><directory>${project.basedir}/custom-build</directory></build>
+               <profiles><profile><id>generated</id><activation><file>
+                 <exists>${project.build.directory}/enable-profile</exists>
+               </file></activation></profile></profiles></project>"#,
+        );
+        let model = load_with_repo(root, None);
+        let projects: Vec<&MavenProject> = model.projects.iter().collect();
+        assert!(launch_inputs(root, &projects, None).is_none());
+    }
+
    fn write(dir: &Path, rel: &str, text: &str) {
        let p = dir.join(rel);
        std::fs::create_dir_all(p.parent().unwrap()).unwrap();
@@ -393,11 +393,13 @@ fn scan_versions(dir: &Path, typed: &str, budget: &mut u32) -> Vec<PomCompletion
    out
 }

-/// The repository directory of the `/`-separated `coordinates` (a group id, or
-/// a group and an artifact id), each segment validated against the layout's
-/// alphabet so POM text cannot walk outside `repo`.
+/// The repository directory of `coordinates` (a group id, or a group and an artifact
+/// id): the group's dots are directories, an artifact id is one directory whatever dots
+/// it has (`org/eclipse/platform/org.eclipse.core.runtime`). Each segment is validated
+/// against the layout's alphabet so POM text cannot walk outside `repo`.
 fn repo_dir(repo: &Path, coordinates: &[&str]) -> Option<PathBuf> {
-    let segments: Vec<&str> = coordinates.iter().flat_map(|c| c.split('.')).collect();
+    let (group, artifact) = coordinates.split_first()?;
+    let segments: Vec<&str> = group.split('.').chain(artifact.iter().copied()).collect();
    segments.iter().all(|s| segment(s)).then(|| segments.iter().fold(repo.to_path_buf(), |p, s| p.join(s)))
 }

@@ -460,6 +462,7 @@ mod tests {
            "org/example/lib/2.0-beta-1/lib-2.0-beta-1.jar",
            "org/example/lib/2.0/lib-2.0.pom",
            "net/nu/netty/4.1.100/netty-4.1.100.jar",
+            "org/eclipse/platform/org.eclipse.core.runtime/3.31.0/org.eclipse.core.runtime-3.31.0.jar",
            // Failed downloads (a version typed while editing): tracking files only, not installed.
            "org/example/lib/2/lib-2.jar.lastUpdated",
            "org/example/lib/3.0/lib-3.0.pom.lastUpdated",
@@ -570,9 +573,10 @@ mod tests {
        };
        // Only directories holding artifacts are group ids: `net` and `org`
        // alone never receive an install, their deeper levels do.
-        assert_eq!(options(""), ["net.nu", "org.apache.maven", "org.apache.maven.plugins", "org.example"]);
-        assert_eq!(options("org"), ["org.apache.maven", "org.apache.maven.plugins", "org.example"]);
-        assert_eq!(options("org."), ["org.apache.maven", "org.apache.maven.plugins", "org.example"]);
+        let org = ["org.apache.maven", "org.apache.maven.plugins", "org.eclipse.platform", "org.example"];
+        assert_eq!(options(""), [&["net.nu"][..], &org].concat());
+        assert_eq!(options("org"), org);
+        assert_eq!(options("org."), org);
        assert_eq!(options("org.spr"), Vec::<String>::new());
        assert_eq!(options("net."), ["net.nu"]);
    }
@@ -623,6 +627,19 @@ mod tests {
        };
        assert_eq!(options(""), ["2.0", "2.0-beta-1", "1.10", "1.9.1", "1.0"]);
        assert_eq!(options("1."), ["1.10", "1.9.1", "1.0"]);
+        // An artifact id with dots is one directory.
+        let dotted = local_options(
+            &repo,
+            &PomCompletionTarget {
+                from: 0,
+                to: 0,
+                typed: "".into(),
+                kind: PomCompletionKind::Version,
+                group: Some("org.eclipse.platform".into()),
+                artifact: Some("org.eclipse.core.runtime".into()),
+            },
+        );
+        assert_eq!(dotted.into_iter().map(|o| o.label).collect::<Vec<_>>(), ["3.31.0"]);
    }

    #[test]
@@ -270,6 +270,13 @@ fn run(

 /// The first error lines of a failed build, for the tool window.
 pub(crate) fn error_summary(text: &str) -> String {
+    // The JVM's "could not find or load main class" (localized) when `gradlew` has no jar.
+    if text.contains("org.gradle.wrapper.GradleWrapperMain") {
+        return "gradle/wrapper/gradle-wrapper.jar is missing (often excluded by a `*.jar` rule in .gitignore). \
+                Restore it, run `gradle wrapper` with an installed Gradle, or choose Distribution: Local installation \
+                in Settings › Build, Execution, Deployment › Gradle."
+            .to_owned();
+    }
    let lines: Vec<&str> = text
        .lines()
        .filter(|l| {
@@ -909,6 +916,8 @@ mod tests {
        let text = "[INFO] x\n[ERROR] Failed to execute goal\n[ERROR] \n[ERROR] Re-run Maven using -X\n";
        assert_eq!(error_summary(text), "Failed to execute goal");
        assert_eq!(error_summary("one\nlast line\n\n"), "last line");
+        let missing_jar = "错误: 找不到或无法加载主类 org.gradle.wrapper.GradleWrapperMain\n";
+        assert!(error_summary(missing_jar).starts_with("gradle/wrapper/gradle-wrapper.jar is missing"));
    }

    #[test]
@@ -27,6 +27,13 @@ pub fn set_text(text: &str, owner: usize) -> std::io::Result<()> {
    imp::set_text(text, owner)
 }

+/// The clipboard's plain text, None when it holds none. macOS only (main thread);
+/// Linux reads it asynchronously through GTK in the app, Windows through the WebView.
+#[cfg(target_os = "macos")]
+pub fn text() -> Option<String> {
+    imp::text()
+}
+
 /// Size of `DROPFILES`: `pFiles`, `pt` (two `LONG`s), `fNC`, `fWide`.
 const HEADER: usize = 20;

@@ -373,6 +380,14 @@ mod imp {
        })
    }

+    pub fn text() -> Option<String> {
+        debug_assert!(MainThreadMarker::new().is_some(), "NSPasteboard access requires the main thread");
+        autoreleasepool(|_| {
+            // SAFETY: the type is an AppKit constant, valid for the process' lifetime.
+            NSPasteboard::generalPasteboard().stringForType(unsafe { NSPasteboardTypeString }).map(|s| s.to_string())
+        })
+    }
+
    pub fn set_text(text: &str, _owner: usize) -> std::io::Result<()> {
        debug_assert!(MainThreadMarker::new().is_some(), "NSPasteboard access requires the main thread");
        autoreleasepool(|_| {
@@ -8,13 +8,18 @@
 use crate::{DebugSessionId, Diagnostic, DocId, RunId, ServerId, TaskId, TerminalId, TextChange};
 use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
 use specta::Type;
+use std::collections::BTreeMap;
 use std::sync::Arc;

+/// What a built-in MCP tool asks the project window for. `AgentRun` runs `command` (a shell
+/// line) in the Run tool window's agent tab `name`, on pipes, answered once the process
+/// started or failed to.
 #[derive(Clone, Debug, Serialize, Deserialize, Type)]
 #[serde(tag = "type", rename_all = "camelCase", rename_all_fields = "camelCase")]
 pub enum McpUiRequest {
    Confirm { client: String, tool: String, subject: String, project: String, detail: Option<String> },
    OpenFile { path: crate::IpcPath, line: Option<u32>, column: Option<u32> },
+    AgentRun { name: String, command: String, cwd: crate::IpcPath, env: BTreeMap<String, String> },
 }

 #[derive(Clone, Debug, Serialize, Deserialize, Type)]
@@ -72,6 +77,9 @@ pub enum IdeEvent {
    WorkspaceEditApplied {
        id: u32,
        paths: Vec<crate::IpcPath>,
+        /// Made by an agent through the MCP server's tools: undoable like a refactoring, but
+        /// not announced as one.
+        by_agent: bool,
    },
    /// An open document's language changed (Settings › File Types, Override File
    /// Type), or its UI mode (a framework's root marker appeared or went).
@@ -76,7 +76,8 @@ fn decode_tool_output_with_code_page(bytes: &[u8], code_page: u32) -> String {
    text
 }

-fn encoding_for_code_page(cp: u32) -> Option<&'static encoding_rs::Encoding> {
+/// The `encoding_rs` encoding of a Windows code page, when it has one.
+pub fn encoding_for_code_page(cp: u32) -> Option<&'static encoding_rs::Encoding> {
    Some(match cp {
        65001 => encoding_rs::UTF_8,
        936 => encoding_rs::GBK,
@@ -101,6 +102,56 @@ fn encoding_for_code_page(cp: u32) -> Option<&'static encoding_rs::Encoding> {
    })
 }

+/// The code page Windows console programs write to a pipe in: the OEM code page (GBK on a
+/// Chinese system, Shift_JIS on a Japanese one, EUC-KR on a Korean one, 437 / 850 / 866…
+/// elsewhere). `None` when it is UTF-8 (Windows' "Use Unicode UTF-8" option) or off Windows.
+pub fn console_code_page() -> Option<u32> {
+    #[cfg(windows)]
+    {
+        // SAFETY: GetOEMCP is an argument-less query with no preconditions.
+        let cp = unsafe { windows_sys::Win32::Globalization::GetOEMCP() };
+        (cp != 65001).then_some(cp)
+    }
+    #[cfg(not(windows))]
+    {
+        None
+    }
+}
+
+/// Whether every character of code page `cp` is one byte, so text in it can be decoded
+/// piece by piece.
+#[cfg(windows)]
+pub fn is_single_byte_code_page(cp: u32) -> bool {
+    use windows_sys::Win32::Globalization::{CPINFO, GetCPInfo};
+    // SAFETY: CPINFO is plain data, which GetCPInfo fills in.
+    unsafe {
+        let mut info: CPINFO = std::mem::zeroed();
+        GetCPInfo(cp, &mut info) != 0 && info.MaxCharSize == 1
+    }
+}
+
+/// `bytes` in code page `cp`, decoded by Windows (for the code pages `encoding_rs` lacks,
+/// like the OEM pages 437, 850 or 852).
+#[cfg(windows)]
+pub fn decode_code_page(bytes: &[u8], cp: u32) -> String {
+    use windows_sys::Win32::Globalization::MultiByteToWideChar;
+    let Ok(len) = i32::try_from(bytes.len()) else {
+        return String::from_utf8_lossy(bytes).into_owned();
+    };
+    if len == 0 {
+        return String::new();
+    }
+    // SAFETY: `bytes` holds `len` bytes; no output buffer asks for the length needed.
+    let needed = unsafe { MultiByteToWideChar(cp, 0, bytes.as_ptr(), len, std::ptr::null_mut(), 0) };
+    if needed <= 0 {
+        return String::from_utf8_lossy(bytes).into_owned();
+    }
+    let mut wide = vec![0u16; needed as usize];
+    // SAFETY: `wide` holds `needed` units.
+    let written = unsafe { MultiByteToWideChar(cp, 0, bytes.as_ptr(), len, wide.as_mut_ptr(), needed) };
+    String::from_utf16_lossy(&wide[..written.max(0) as usize])
+}
+
 const STD_PROPERTIES: &[&str] = &["stdout.encoding", "stderr.encoding", "sun.stdout.encoding", "sun.stderr.encoding"];
 const FILE_ENCODING: &str = "file.encoding";
 const TOOL_OPTIONS: &str = "JAVA_TOOL_OPTIONS";
@@ -77,6 +77,8 @@ pub enum AutoUpload {
 #[serde(default, rename_all = "camelCase")]
 pub struct DeploymentSettings {
    pub servers: Vec<DeploymentServer>,
+    /// Server groups: Upload to… on a group uploads to each of its servers.
+    pub groups: Vec<DeploymentGroup>,
    /// Server used by Upload / Download / Sync and automatic upload; empty = none.
    pub default_server: String,
    pub auto_upload: AutoUpload,
@@ -92,6 +94,7 @@ impl Default for DeploymentSettings {
    fn default() -> Self {
        Self {
            servers: Vec::new(),
+            groups: Vec::new(),
            default_server: String::new(),
            auto_upload: AutoUpload::Never,
            delete_remote: false,
@@ -103,6 +106,16 @@ impl Default for DeploymentSettings {
    }
 }

+/// Named set of deployment servers that files are uploaded to together.
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, Default, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, Deserialize, Type)]
+#[serde(default, rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct DeploymentGroup {
+    pub id: String,
+    pub name: String,
+    /// [`DeploymentServer::id`]s, in upload order.
+    pub servers: Vec<String>,
+}
+
 #[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, Default, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, Deserialize, Type)]
 #[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
 pub enum DeploymentType {
@@ -288,7 +288,7 @@ pub enum NewTaskApprovals {
 }

 /// Agents › MCP Server: agents use the IDE's built-in tools.
-#[derive(Clone, Debug, Default, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, Deserialize, Type)]
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, Deserialize, Type)]
 #[serde(default, rename_all = "camelCase")]
 pub struct McpServerSettings {
    /// Serve the tools on 127.0.0.1 while the IDE runs.
@@ -296,6 +296,35 @@ pub struct McpServerSettings {
    /// Run the tools that change the project or start processes without asking first
    /// (IDEA's brave mode). Read from the IDE's own settings only, never a project's.
    pub run_without_confirmation: bool,
+    /// Finished agent tabs (`run_command`) the Run tool window shows; older ones are archived.
+    pub agent_tab_limit: u32,
+    /// Archived agent tabs kept; older ones are closed.
+    pub agent_archive_limit: u32,
+    /// Listen on [`Self::port`] in every run, rather than a free port each time, so HTTP clients and
+    /// port forwards keep working after a restart.
+    pub fixed_port: bool,
+    /// The port of [`Self::fixed_port`].
+    pub port: u16,
+    /// Keep the bearer token across runs (in the app data, readable by this user only) rather than
+    /// make a new one each run.
+    pub fixed_token: bool,
+}
+
+/// The default of [`McpServerSettings::port`].
+pub const DEFAULT_MCP_PORT: u16 = 26371;
+
+impl Default for McpServerSettings {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        Self {
+            enabled: false,
+            run_without_confirmation: false,
+            agent_tab_limit: 1,
+            agent_archive_limit: 999,
+            fixed_port: true,
+            port: DEFAULT_MCP_PORT,
+            fixed_token: false,
+        }
+    }
 }

 /// Absent profiles retain automatic discovery for existing projects.
@@ -753,7 +753,7 @@ impl Pool {
            return crate::oracle::OraclePool::connect(source, password, &setup).await.map(Pool::Oracle);
        }
        if source.driver == DbDriver::Snowflake {
-            return crate::snowflake::SnowflakePool::connect(source, password, setup).await.map(Pool::Snowflake);
+            return crate::snowflake::SnowflakePool::connect(source, password, setup, root).await.map(Pool::Snowflake);
        }
        let timeout = setup.connect_timeout.unwrap_or(Duration::from_secs(30));
        let init = Arc::new(setup.statements);
@@ -1491,18 +1491,21 @@ impl DbManager {
        let Some(session) = session else { return Ok(()) };
        let mut held = session.lock().await;
        let Some(mut conn) = held.take() else { return Ok(()) };
-        let result = async {
-            conn.command(if commit { "COMMIT" } else { "ROLLBACK" }).await?;
-            conn.restore_default().await
-        }
-        .await;
-        match result {
-            Ok(()) => Ok(()),
-            Err(e) => {
+        if let Err(e) = conn.command(if commit { "COMMIT" } else { "ROLLBACK" }).await {
+            // Discarding a Snowflake connection doesn't end its session, which the data source's
+            // other targets share: the transaction stays open, so it stays held to be ended again.
+            if matches!(conn, conn::Held::Snowflake(..)) {
+                *held = Some(conn);
+            } else {
                conn.discard().await;
-                Err(e)
            }
+            return Err(e);
        }
+        if let Err(e) = conn.restore_default().await {
+            conn.discard().await;
+            return Err(e);
+        }
+        Ok(())
    }

    #[allow(clippy::too_many_arguments)]
@@ -78,7 +78,8 @@ pub(crate) fn sso_seed(key: &str, token: &str) {
    }
 }

-/// Live sessions by their connection settings, so targets opened with the same settings share one.
+/// Live sessions by data source and connection settings, so the targets of one data source (its
+/// databases, the tree, consoles) opened with the same settings share one.
 static SESSIONS: LazyLock<parking_lot::Mutex<HashMap<String, Weak<State>>>> =
    LazyLock::new(|| parking_lot::Mutex::new(HashMap::new()));

@@ -106,6 +107,15 @@ struct Lane {
    context: parking_lot::Mutex<Option<String>>,
 }

+/// What [`SnowflakePool::statement`] does when the session is gone and it signs in again.
+#[derive(Clone, Copy)]
+enum Lost<'a> {
+    /// Runs the statement again on the new session, after this `USE` when there is one.
+    Enter(Option<&'a str>),
+    /// Fails: the statement was part of a transaction that ended with the session.
+    Fail,
+}
+
 const CONSOLE: usize = 0;
 const METADATA: usize = 1;

@@ -251,7 +261,12 @@ fn gunzip(bytes: Vec<u8>) -> IdeResult<Vec<u8>> {
 }

 impl SnowflakePool {
-    pub(crate) async fn connect(source: &DataSource, secret: Option<&str>, setup: Setup) -> IdeResult<Self> {
+    pub(crate) async fn connect(
+        source: &DataSource,
+        secret: Option<&str>,
+        setup: Setup,
+        root: Option<&std::path::Path>,
+    ) -> IdeResult<Self> {
        let settings = source.snowflake();
        let endpoint = account::endpoint(source)?;
        let user = source.user.trim();
@@ -302,9 +317,15 @@ impl SnowflakePool {
            lane: CONSOLE,
        };
        // Everything that makes a session what it is, the secret included (hashed: the key is only compared).
+        // The data source and its project too: its databases share a session, but another data source
+        // with the same settings, or the same one in another project (a plugin's source has the same id
+        // in every project), gets its own: its statements and transactions are not this one's. A browser
+        // sign-in is still shared through the cached ID token.
        let key = blake3::hash(
            format!(
-                "{}\0{user}\0{:?}\0{}\0{}\0{}\0{}\0{:?}\0{:?}",
+                "{:?}\0{}\0{}\0{user}\0{:?}\0{}\0{}\0{}\0{}\0{:?}\0{:?}",
+                root,
+                source.id,
                api.address(),
                settings.auth,
                secret.unwrap_or_default(),
@@ -636,13 +657,18 @@ impl SnowflakePool {
            () = self.closed.cancelled() => return Err(closed()),
            turn = self.lane().turn.lock() => turn,
        };
-        // A `USE` needs no schema to run in, and may be what makes the schema reachable.
-        if first_word(sql) != "USE" {
-            self.enter(schema, cancel).await?;
-        }
+        // A `USE` needs no schema to run in, and may be what makes the schema reachable. Ending a
+        // transaction needs none either, and must not fail because the schema is gone meanwhile.
+        let context = match first_word(sql).as_str() {
+            "USE" | "COMMIT" | "ROLLBACK" => None,
+            _ => {
+                self.enter(schema, cancel).await?;
+                self.context(schema)
+            }
+        };
        // These can move the session to another database or schema.
        let moves = matches!(first_word(sql).as_str(), "USE" | "CALL" | "EXECUTE");
-        let result = self.statement(sql, skip, max_rows, cancel).await;
+        let result = self.statement(sql, skip, max_rows, Lost::Enter(context.as_deref()), cancel).await;
        if moves {
            *self.lane().context.lock() = None;
        }
@@ -655,16 +681,14 @@ impl SnowflakePool {
            && self.lane().context.lock().as_deref() != Some(wanted.as_str())
        {
            *self.lane().context.lock() = None;
-            match self.statement(&wanted, 0, 0, cancel).await {
-                Ok(_) => {}
-                // The session's role may not use this database or schema (after `USE ROLE`, or a
-                // schema that is gone). The statement still runs, in the session's own context:
-                // it may be the `USE` that leads back, or name its objects in full. Asked again
-                // once a statement moves the session.
-                Err(refused) if refused.kind == ErrorKind::InvalidInput => {
-                    tracing::warn!("Snowflake: the session did not enter its database and schema");
-                }
-                Err(error) => return Err(error),
+            // Refused (the session's role may not use this database or schema): the statement
+            // does not run, since the session is still wherever it was, which may be another
+            // target's database. Tried again with the next statement.
+            if let Err(error) = self.statement(&wanted, 0, 0, Lost::Enter(None), cancel).await {
+                return Err(IdeError {
+                    message: format!("{wanted} failed, so the statement was not run: {}", error.message),
+                    ..error
+                });
            }
            *self.lane().context.lock() = Some(wanted);
        }
@@ -680,11 +704,11 @@ impl SnowflakePool {
        let _turn = self.lane().turn.lock().await;
        let cancel = CancellationToken::new();
        self.enter(None, &cancel).await?;
-        self.statement("BEGIN", 0, 0, &cancel).await?;
+        self.statement("BEGIN", 0, 0, Lost::Enter(self.context(None).as_deref()), &cancel).await?;
        let changes = async {
            let mut total = 0;
            for (sql, expect_one) in statements {
-                let changed = self.statement(sql, 0, 0, &cancel).await?.affected.unwrap_or(0.0) as u64;
+                let changed = self.statement(sql, 0, 0, Lost::Fail, &cancel).await?.affected.unwrap_or(0.0) as u64;
                if *expect_one && changed != 1 {
                    return Err(IdeError::invalid(format!(
                        "{sql}: expected to change 1 row, changed {changed}; nothing was saved"
@@ -697,22 +721,24 @@ impl SnowflakePool {
        .await;
        match changes {
            Ok(total) => {
-                self.statement("COMMIT", 0, 0, &cancel).await?;
+                self.statement("COMMIT", 0, 0, Lost::Fail, &cancel).await?;
                Ok(total)
            }
            Err(error) => {
-                let _ = self.statement("ROLLBACK", 0, 0, &cancel).await;
+                let _ = self.statement("ROLLBACK", 0, 0, Lost::Fail, &cancel).await;
                Err(error)
            }
        }
    }

-    /// One statement on the session; the caller holds the session's turn.
+    /// One statement on the session; the caller holds the session's turn. `lost`: what to do when
+    /// the session is gone and a new one is signed in to.
    async fn statement(
        &self,
        sql: &str,
        skip: usize,
        max_rows: usize,
+        lost: Lost<'_>,
        cancel: &CancellationToken,
    ) -> IdeResult<QueryResult> {
        let started = Instant::now();
@@ -743,7 +769,24 @@ impl SnowflakePool {
                Ok(Outcome::Done(result)) => return Ok(*result),
                Ok(Outcome::Expired { gone }) if !renewed => {
                    renewed = true;
-                    tokens = if gone { self.login().await? } else { self.renew(&tokens).await? };
+                    if !gone {
+                        tokens = self.renew(&tokens).await?;
+                        continue;
+                    }
+                    if let Lost::Fail = lost {
+                        // The transaction ended with the session: nothing of it was saved.
+                        let _ = self.login().await;
+                        return Err(IdeError::new(
+                            ErrorKind::Io,
+                            "Snowflake: the session was lost during the transaction; nothing was saved",
+                        ));
+                    }
+                    // The new session is under the login's database and schema, which may be another
+                    // target's: back to this one's before the statement runs again.
+                    tokens = self.login().await?;
+                    if let Lost::Enter(Some(wanted)) = lost {
+                        self.reenter(wanted, &tokens, cancel).await?;
+                    }
                }
                Ok(Outcome::Expired { .. }) => {
                    return Err(IdeError::new(ErrorKind::Io, "Snowflake: the session expired; reconnect"));
@@ -753,6 +796,33 @@ impl SnowflakePool {
        }
    }

+    /// [`enter`](Self::enter) on a session just signed in to (its `tokens`), within [`statement`](Self::statement).
+    async fn reenter(&self, wanted: &str, tokens: &Tokens, cancel: &CancellationToken) -> IdeResult<()> {
+        let request_id = uuid();
+        let outcome = tokio::select! {
+            biased;
+            () = cancel.cancelled() => return Err(IdeError::cancelled()),
+            () = self.closed.cancelled() => return Err(closed()),
+            outcome = self.run(wanted, 0, 0, tokens, &request_id, Instant::now()) => outcome,
+        };
+        match outcome {
+            Ok(Outcome::Done(_)) => {
+                *self.lane().context.lock() = Some(wanted.to_owned());
+                Ok(())
+            }
+            Ok(Outcome::Expired { .. }) => {
+                Err(IdeError::new(ErrorKind::Io, "Snowflake: the session expired; reconnect"))
+            }
+            Err(error) => {
+                let error = self.shared.api.scrub.clean(error);
+                Err(IdeError {
+                    message: format!("{wanted} failed, so the statement was not run: {}", error.message),
+                    ..error
+                })
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
    async fn run(
        &self,
        sql: &str,
@@ -407,13 +407,64 @@ async fn a_lost_session_signs_in_again() {
    let (listener, port) = bind().await;
    let gone = r#"{"success":false,"code":"390114","message":"Authentication token has expired. The user must authenticate again."}"#;
    let again = r#"{"success":true,"data":{"token":"session-token-3","masterToken":"master-token-3"}}"#;
-    let server = serve(listener, vec![ok(LOGIN_OK), ok(gone), ok(again), ok(one()), ok(CLOSED_OK)]);
+    let status = json!({ "success": true, "data": { "rowtype": [{ "name": "status", "type": "text" }],
+        "rowset": [["Statement executed successfully."]], "queryResultFormat": "json", "statementTypeId": 0x5000 } })
+    .to_string();
+    let server = serve(listener, vec![ok(LOGIN_OK), ok(gone), ok(again), ok(status), ok(one()), ok(CLOSED_OK)]);
    let pool = Pool::connect(&source(port), None, None).await.unwrap();
    pool.execute("select 1", 5, &CancellationToken::new()).await.unwrap();
    pool.close().await;
    let seen = server.await.unwrap();
    assert!(seen[2].line().starts_with("POST /session/v1/login-request?"), "{}", seen[2].line());
-    assert_eq!(seen[3].header("authorization"), Some("Snowflake Token=\"session-token-3\""));
+    // The new session enters the target's schema before the statement runs again.
+    assert_eq!(seen[3].json()["sqlText"], "USE SCHEMA \"ANALYTICS\".\"PUBLIC\"");
+    assert_eq!(seen[4].json()["sqlText"], "select 1");
+    assert_eq!(seen[4].header("authorization"), Some("Snowflake Token=\"session-token-3\""));
+}
+
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn a_lost_session_runs_the_statement_in_its_own_database_again() {
+    let (listener, port) = bind().await;
+    let gone = r#"{"success":false,"code":"390114","message":"Authentication token has expired. The user must authenticate again."}"#;
+    let again = r#"{"success":true,"data":{"token":"session-token-3","masterToken":"master-token-3"}}"#;
+    let status = || {
+        json!({ "success": true, "data": { "rowtype": [{ "name": "status", "type": "text" }],
+            "rowset": [["Statement executed successfully."]], "queryResultFormat": "json", "statementTypeId": 0x5000 } })
+        .to_string()
+    };
+    // Raw Data entered, the statement finds the session gone, a new login (under ANALYTICS),
+    // Raw Data entered again, the statement.
+    let replies = vec![ok(LOGIN_OK), ok(status()), ok(gone), ok(again), ok(status()), ok(one()), ok(CLOSED_OK)];
+    let server = serve(listener, replies);
+    let first = Pool::connect(&source(port), None, None).await.unwrap();
+    let mut other = source(port);
+    other.database = "Raw Data".into();
+    other.options.default_schema = String::new();
+    let second = Pool::connect(&other, None, None).await.unwrap();
+    second.execute("delete from t", 1, &CancellationToken::new()).await.unwrap();
+    first.close().await;
+    second.close().await;
+    let sent: Vec<String> =
+        server.await.unwrap()[1..6].iter().map(|r| r.json()["sqlText"].as_str().unwrap_or("").to_owned()).collect();
+    let raw = "USE DATABASE \"Raw Data\"";
+    assert_eq!(sent, [raw, "delete from t", "", raw, "delete from t"]);
+}
+
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn a_transaction_ends_even_when_its_schema_is_gone() {
+    let (listener, port) = bind().await;
+    let status = json!({ "success": true, "data": { "rowtype": [{ "name": "status", "type": "text" }],
+        "rowset": [["Statement executed successfully."]], "queryResultFormat": "json", "statementTypeId": 0x5000 } })
+    .to_string();
+    let server = serve(listener, vec![ok(LOGIN_OK), ok(status), ok(CLOSED_OK)]);
+    let pool = Pool::connect(&source(port), None, None).await.unwrap();
+    // The console's schema was dropped since it was picked: ending the transaction doesn't switch to it.
+    let mut console = crate::conn::Held::acquire(&pool).await.unwrap();
+    console.apply_context(Some("Dropped")).await.unwrap();
+    console.execute(&pool, "ROLLBACK", 0, &CancellationToken::new()).await.unwrap();
+    pool.close().await;
+    let seen = server.await.unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(seen[1].json()["sqlText"], "ROLLBACK");
 }

 #[tokio::test]
@@ -714,7 +765,7 @@ async fn a_console_schema_is_switched_with_its_statement_and_only_when_needed()
 }

 #[tokio::test]
-async fn a_role_that_may_not_use_the_schema_still_runs_statements() {
+async fn a_role_that_may_not_use_the_schema_runs_nothing_elsewhere() {
    let status = || {
        json!({ "success": true, "data": { "rowtype": [{ "name": "status", "type": "text" }],
            "rowset": [["Statement executed successfully."]], "queryResultFormat": "json", "statementTypeId": 0x5000 } })
@@ -722,14 +773,12 @@ async fn a_role_that_may_not_use_the_schema_still_runs_statements() {
    };
    let refused = r#"{"success":false,"code":"002043","message":"SQL compilation error:\nObject does not exist, or operation cannot be performed."}"#;
    let (listener, port) = bind().await;
-    // use role | the schema is refused once, the statement runs | the next one does not ask again |
-    // a role that is not granted | use role back, the schema is entered again
+    // use role | the schema is refused, the statement is not sent | asked again, refused again |
+    // use role back, the schema is entered, the statement runs
    let replies = vec![
        ok(LOGIN_OK),
        ok(status()),
        ok(refused),
-        ok(one()),
-        ok(one()),
        ok(refused),
        ok(status()),
        ok(status()),
@@ -740,20 +789,22 @@ async fn a_role_that_may_not_use_the_schema_still_runs_statements() {
    let pool = Pool::connect(&source(port), None, None).await.unwrap();
    let cancel = CancellationToken::new();
    pool.execute("use role auditor", 0, &cancel).await.unwrap();
-    pool.execute("select 1", 1, &cancel).await.unwrap();
-    pool.execute("select 2", 1, &cancel).await.unwrap();
-    let missing = pool.execute("use role nobody", 0, &cancel).await.unwrap_err();
-    assert!(missing.message.contains("002043") && missing.message.contains("granted"), "{}", missing.message);
+    let error = pool.execute("delete from t", 1, &cancel).await.unwrap_err();
+    assert!(
+        error.message.contains("USE SCHEMA")
+            && error.message.contains("was not run")
+            && error.message.contains("002043"),
+        "{}",
+        error.message
+    );
+    assert!(pool.execute("select 2", 1, &cancel).await.is_err());
    pool.execute("use role analyst", 0, &cancel).await.unwrap();
    pool.execute("select 3", 1, &cancel).await.unwrap();
    pool.close().await;
    let sent: Vec<String> =
-        server.await.unwrap()[1..9].iter().map(|r| r.json()["sqlText"].as_str().unwrap().to_owned()).collect();
+        server.await.unwrap()[1..7].iter().map(|r| r.json()["sqlText"].as_str().unwrap().to_owned()).collect();
    let schema = "USE SCHEMA \"ANALYTICS\".\"PUBLIC\"";
-    assert_eq!(
-        sent,
-        ["use role auditor", schema, "select 1", "select 2", "use role nobody", "use role analyst", schema, "select 3"]
-    );
+    assert_eq!(sent, ["use role auditor", schema, schema, "use role analyst", schema, "select 3"]);
 }

 #[tokio::test]
@@ -785,6 +836,45 @@ async fn databases_of_one_data_source_share_a_login() {
    assert!(seen[4].line().starts_with("POST /session?delete=true"), "{}", seen[4].line());
 }

+#[tokio::test]
+async fn data_sources_with_the_same_settings_have_their_own_sessions() {
+    let (listener, port) = bind().await;
+    let second = r#"{"success":true,"data":{"token":"session-token-2","masterToken":"master-token-2"}}"#;
+    let server = serve(listener, vec![ok(LOGIN_OK), ok(second), ok(one()), ok(one()), ok(CLOSED_OK), ok(CLOSED_OK)]);
+    let first = Pool::connect(&source(port), None, None).await.unwrap();
+    let mut copy = source(port);
+    copy.id = format!("{}-copy", copy.id);
+    let other = Pool::connect(&copy, None, None).await.unwrap();
+    let cancel = CancellationToken::new();
+    first.execute("select 1", 1, &cancel).await.unwrap();
+    other.execute("select 2", 1, &cancel).await.unwrap();
+    first.close().await;
+    other.close().await;
+    let seen = server.await.unwrap();
+    assert!(seen[1].line().starts_with("POST /session/v1/login-request?"), "{}", seen[1].line());
+    assert_eq!(seen[2].header("authorization"), Some("Snowflake Token=\"session-token-1\""));
+    assert_eq!(seen[3].header("authorization"), Some("Snowflake Token=\"session-token-2\""));
+}
+
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn one_data_source_in_two_projects_has_a_session_in_each() {
+    let (listener, port) = bind().await;
+    let second = r#"{"success":true,"data":{"token":"session-token-2","masterToken":"master-token-2"}}"#;
+    let server = serve(listener, vec![ok(LOGIN_OK), ok(second), ok(one()), ok(one()), ok(CLOSED_OK), ok(CLOSED_OK)]);
+    // A plugin's data source has the same id in every project.
+    let first = Pool::connect(&source(port), None, Some(std::path::Path::new("/projects/a"))).await.unwrap();
+    let other = Pool::connect(&source(port), None, Some(std::path::Path::new("/projects/b"))).await.unwrap();
+    let cancel = CancellationToken::new();
+    first.execute("select 1", 1, &cancel).await.unwrap();
+    other.execute("select 2", 1, &cancel).await.unwrap();
+    first.close().await;
+    other.close().await;
+    let seen = server.await.unwrap();
+    assert!(seen[1].line().starts_with("POST /session/v1/login-request?"), "{}", seen[1].line());
+    assert_eq!(seen[2].header("authorization"), Some("Snowflake Token=\"session-token-1\""));
+    assert_eq!(seen[3].header("authorization"), Some("Snowflake Token=\"session-token-2\""));
+}
+
 #[tokio::test]
 async fn metadata_runs_on_its_own_session_beside_a_busy_console() {
    let (listener, port) = bind().await;
@@ -60,6 +60,8 @@ pub struct Host {
    plugin_host: RwLock<std::sync::Weak<plugins::PluginHost>>,
    pub mcp_reports: mcp::Reports,
    pub mcp_requests: mcp::Requests,
+    /// Commands agents run in the Run tool window (`run_command`).
+    pub mcp_agent_runs: mcp::AgentRuns,
    pub trust: trust::TrustStore,
    pub(crate) mcp_approvals: Arc<trust::McpServerApprovals>,
    pub config_dir: PathBuf,
@@ -141,6 +143,7 @@ impl Host {
            mcp_executable: RwLock::default(),
            mcp_reports: Default::default(),
            mcp_requests: Default::default(),
+            mcp_agent_runs: Default::default(),
            trust: trust::TrustStore::load(&config_dir, &data_dir),
            mcp_approvals: Arc::new(trust::McpServerApprovals::load(&data_dir)),
            proxy_password: ide_ssh::secrets::SecretFile::new(data_dir.join("proxy-password.json")),
@@ -269,6 +272,7 @@ impl Host {
    fn begin_close(&self, window: &str) -> Option<std::thread::JoinHandle<()>> {
        self.mcp_reports.forget_window(window);
        self.mcp_requests.forget_window(window);
+        self.mcp_agent_runs.forget_window(window);
        self.external_logs.write().remove(self.owner_window(window));
        for request in self.project_requests.write().remove(self.owner_window(window)).unwrap_or_default() {
            self.cancel_request(request);
@@ -0,0 +1,176 @@
+//! `check_files`: fresh diagnostics from the language servers right after an edit, and why a
+//! file could not be checked (no server for it, not installed, crashed, misconfigured…).
+
+use super::editors::problem;
+use crate::mcp::run::timeout;
+use crate::mcp::tool::{Call, Output, Param, ParamType, Tool};
+use ide_core::{IdeError, IdeResult, Severity};
+use ide_lsp::DocumentCheck;
+use serde_json::{Value, json};
+use std::path::PathBuf;
+use std::time::{Duration, Instant};
+
+const DEFAULT_TIMEOUT_MS: usize = 30_000;
+const MAX_FILES: usize = 20;
+
+pub fn check_files() -> Tool {
+    Tool::new(
+        "check_files",
+        &format!(
+            "Checks files with the language servers now and returns their problems: call it after changing files \
+(with any tool, inside or outside the IDE). Each file is synced from disk and saved to its servers, so checks that \
+run on save (rust-analyzer's cargo check) run too; then the call waits until every server answered for the current \
+text and finished the work it started, up to `timeout` milliseconds (default {DEFAULT_TIMEOUT_MS}) for all files. \
+Unlike get_file_problems, this is a fresh analysis, before the inspection profile's filtering.
+
+Per file, `status` says what the problems are worth:
+- checked: every server answered; `problems` is complete (empty means no problems).
+- incomplete: some server was still analysing when the wait ended, or could not check; call again or raise `timeout`.
+- serverUnavailable: no server could check. `servers` gives each one's `status` (missing: not installed; \
+misconfigured; crashed; starting: did not finish starting) and `message`; tell the user, since the IDE has to be \
+fixed (Settings › Languages & Frameworks › Language Servers), and check another way meanwhile (a build or a compiler).
+- noLanguageServer: no language server is configured for this kind of file.
+- untrusted: language servers don't run in an untrusted project.
+- failed: the file could not be opened (`error`).
+`unsavedInEditor` is true when the file has unsaved changes in the IDE: the problems are for the editor's text, not \
+the file on disk. Lines and UTF-16 columns are 1-based."
+        ),
+        |call| async move {
+            let raw = call.str_list("filePaths")?;
+            if raw.is_empty() {
+                return Err(IdeError::invalid("filePaths must name at least one file"));
+            }
+            if raw.len() > MAX_FILES {
+                return Err(IdeError::invalid(format!("at most {MAX_FILES} files at a time")));
+            }
+            let errors_only = call.flag("errorsOnly", true)?;
+            let limit = timeout(&call, DEFAULT_TIMEOUT_MS)?;
+            let mut paths = Vec::new();
+            for p in raw {
+                paths.push(call.resolve_readable(&p).await?);
+            }
+            let checks = paths.into_iter().map(|path| check_one(&call, path, limit, errors_only));
+            let files = futures::future::join_all(checks).await;
+            Output::json(json!({ "files": files }))
+        },
+    )
+    .param(Param::required("filePaths", ParamType::StringList, "Files to check, relative to the project root"))
+    .param(Param::optional(
+        "errorsOnly",
+        ParamType::Boolean,
+        "Whether to return only errors (default) or warnings and hints too",
+    ))
+    .param(Param::optional("timeout", ParamType::Integer, "Milliseconds to wait for the servers at most"))
+}
+
+async fn check_one(call: &Call, path: PathBuf, limit: Duration, errors_only: bool) -> Value {
+    let mut out = json!({ "filePath": call.display(&path) });
+    if !call.project().is_trusted() {
+        out["status"] = "untrusted".into();
+        return out;
+    }
+    match check(call, &path, limit).await {
+        Ok((check, dirty, text)) => {
+            let servers: Vec<Value> = check
+                .servers
+                .iter()
+                .map(|s| {
+                    let mut v = json!({ "name": s.name, "status": s.status, "checked": s.checked });
+                    if let Some(m) = &s.message {
+                        v["message"] = m.clone().into();
+                    }
+                    if s.incomplete {
+                        v["incomplete"] = true.into();
+                    }
+                    if let Some(e) = &s.error {
+                        v["error"] = e.clone().into();
+                    }
+                    v
+                })
+                .collect();
+            out["status"] = file_status(&check).into();
+            out["problems"] = check
+                .diagnostics
+                .into_iter()
+                .filter(|d| !errors_only || d.severity == Severity::Error)
+                .map(|d| problem(d, &text))
+                .collect::<Vec<_>>()
+                .into();
+            out["servers"] = servers.into();
+            if dirty {
+                out["unsavedInEditor"] = true.into();
+            }
+        }
+        Err(e) => {
+            out["status"] = "failed".into();
+            out["error"] = e.message.into();
+        }
+    }
+    out
+}
+
+fn file_status(check: &DocumentCheck) -> &'static str {
+    if check.servers.is_empty() {
+        "noLanguageServer"
+    } else if !check.servers.iter().any(|s| s.checked) {
+        "serverUnavailable"
+    } else if check.servers.iter().all(|s| s.checked && !s.incomplete) {
+        "checked"
+    } else {
+        "incomplete"
+    }
+}
+
+/// The check of `path`, whether it has unsaved changes in the IDE, and its text.
+async fn check(call: &Call, path: &std::path::Path, limit: Duration) -> IdeResult<(DocumentCheck, bool, String)> {
+    let project = call.project().clone();
+    let docs = project.documents.clone();
+    let p = path.to_owned();
+    let at = Instant::now();
+    // Synced now: the file watcher's reload of a change made outside the IDE may not have run.
+    let (doc, changed, dirty) = call
+        .host()
+        .blocking(move || {
+            let before = docs.by_path(&p).and_then(|d| docs.version(d).ok().map(|v| (d, v)));
+            docs.on_disk_changed(std::slice::from_ref(&p));
+            let doc = docs.open(&p)?.id;
+            let changed = before.is_none_or(|(d, v)| d != doc || docs.version(d).is_ok_and(|now| now != v));
+            Ok((doc, changed, docs.is_dirty(doc).unwrap_or(false)))
+        })
+        .await?;
+    let result = project.lsp.check_document(doc, changed.then_some(at), limit, &call.cancel).await;
+    let text = project.documents.text_snapshot(doc).map(|t| t.text).unwrap_or_default();
+    let docs = project.documents.clone();
+    let _ = call
+        .host()
+        .blocking(move || {
+            docs.close(doc);
+            Ok(())
+        })
+        .await;
+    Ok((result?, dirty, text))
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+    use ide_core::event::ServerStatus;
+    use ide_lsp::CheckedServer;
+
+    fn server(status: ServerStatus, checked: bool, incomplete: bool) -> CheckedServer {
+        CheckedServer { name: "s".into(), status, message: None, checked, incomplete, error: None }
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn statuses_say_whether_the_problems_are_complete() {
+        let check = |servers| file_status(&DocumentCheck { diagnostics: Vec::new(), servers });
+        assert_eq!(check(vec![]), "noLanguageServer");
+        assert_eq!(check(vec![server(ServerStatus::Missing, false, false)]), "serverUnavailable");
+        assert_eq!(check(vec![server(ServerStatus::Ready, true, false)]), "checked");
+        assert_eq!(check(vec![server(ServerStatus::Busy, true, true)]), "incomplete");
+        assert_eq!(
+            check(vec![server(ServerStatus::Ready, true, false), server(ServerStatus::Crashed, false, false)]),
+            "incomplete"
+        );
+    }
+}
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ async fn create_or_replace(call: &Call, path: PathBuf, text: Option<String>, ove
        return Ok(());
    }
    let edit = crate::ops::lsp::prepare_workspace_edit(&call.host, call.window(), edit).await?;
-    crate::ops::lsp::apply_workspace_edit(&call.host, call.window(), edit).await
+    crate::ops::lsp::apply_agent_workspace_edit(&call.host, call.window(), edit).await
 }

 /// The open document of `path`, or a transient one (`true`: close it after use).
@@ -317,7 +317,7 @@ async fn apply_op(call: &Call, op: FileOp, notes: &mut Vec<String>) -> IdeResult
                preconditions: Vec::new(),
            };
            let edit = crate::ops::lsp::prepare_workspace_edit(&host, call.window(), edit).await?;
-            crate::ops::lsp::apply_workspace_edit(&host, call.window(), edit).await
+            crate::ops::lsp::apply_agent_workspace_edit(&host, call.window(), edit).await
        }
        FileOp::Update { path: first, move_to, hunks, or } => {
            // A plain diff's other names count when its `+++` path does not exist.
@@ -400,7 +400,7 @@ async fn apply_op(call: &Call, op: FileOp, notes: &mut Vec<String>) -> IdeResult
                edit.files.push(FileEdit::Rename { from: path.into(), to: to.into() });
            }
            let edit = crate::ops::lsp::prepare_workspace_edit(&host, call.window(), edit).await?;
-            crate::ops::lsp::apply_workspace_edit(&host, call.window(), edit).await?;
+            crate::ops::lsp::apply_agent_workspace_edit(&host, call.window(), edit).await?;
            if dirty {
                notes.push(format!("{shown}: patched the unsaved editor buffer"));
            }
@@ -385,7 +385,7 @@ targetIndex, or narrow the call with a contextSnippet that shows the one you mea
        _ => None,
    });
    let (h, w) = (host.clone(), window.to_owned());
-    let written = crate::ops::lsp::apply_workspace_edit(&h, &w, edit).await;
+    let written = crate::ops::lsp::apply_agent_workspace_edit(&h, &w, edit).await;
    if let Err(e) = written {
        let hint = format!("The rename stopped while it wrote. {} Read the files again before you retry.", e.message);
        return Ok(RenameResult::failed("write_failed", hint).with_symbol(symbol));
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ async fn current_file(call: Call) -> IdeResult<Output> {
    })
 }

-fn problem(d: Diagnostic, text: &str) -> Value {
+pub(super) fn problem(d: Diagnostic, text: &str) -> Value {
    json!({
        "severity": d.severity, "description": d.message,
        "lineContent": text.lines().nth(d.range.start.line as usize).unwrap_or_default(),
@@ -30,9 +30,14 @@ fn read_file() -> Tool {
        "Reads a file in the project directory or from any project dependency or other project source root.
 Can read text sources inside jar/zip archives; compiled class files are not decompiled.
 Returns numbered lines (1-indexed) as text.
-By default, reads up to 2000 lines starting from the beginning of the file.
+By default, reads up to 2000 lines starting from the beginning of the file; a longer file keeps its first and last
+lines with a `…N lines truncated…` marker between them.
+With `offset` or `limit`, returns exactly lines `offset` to `offset + limit - 1` (fewer at the end of the file),
+followed by `…N more lines; read on with offset=M…` when the file goes on.
 The maximum accepted limit is 5000 lines.",
        |call| async move {
+            // An explicit range is read as asked; the default read of a whole file keeps its head and tail.
+            let window = call.opt_i64("offset")?.is_some() || call.opt_i64("limit")?.is_some();
            let offset = positive(&call, "offset", 1)?;
            let limit = positive(&call, "limit", DEFAULT_READ_LIMIT)?;
            if limit > MAX_READ_LIMIT {
@@ -50,7 +55,7 @@ The maximum accepted limit is 5000 lines.",
                )));
            }
            let text = crate::ops::fs::read_text(&call.host(), call.window(), path).await?;
-            Ok(Output::text(render_slice(&text, offset as usize, limit as usize)?))
+            Ok(Output::text(render_slice(&text, offset as usize, limit as usize, window)?))
        },
    )
    .param(Param::required("file_path", ParamType::String, util::FILE_PATH_DESCRIPTION))
@@ -70,10 +75,12 @@ fn positive(call: &Call, name: &str, default: i64) -> IdeResult<i64> {
    }
 }

-/// Lines `start..` of `text` as `L<n>: <line>`; when more than `max_lines` remain, the first
-/// and the last halves of the budget with a `…N lines truncated…` marker between them.
+/// Lines `start..` of `text` as `L<n>: <line>`, at most `max_lines` of them. A `window` is
+/// exactly the lines from `start` on, then how many lines remain; otherwise, when more than
+/// `max_lines` remain, the first and the last halves of the budget with a `…N lines truncated…`
+/// marker between them.
 /// Lines are the editor's: a trailing line break starts an empty last line.
-fn render_slice(text: &str, start: usize, max_lines: usize) -> IdeResult<String> {
+fn render_slice(text: &str, start: usize, max_lines: usize, window: bool) -> IdeResult<String> {
    let lines: Vec<&str> = text.split('\n').map(|l| l.strip_suffix('\r').unwrap_or(l)).collect();
    let count = lines.len();
    if start > count {
@@ -86,6 +93,15 @@ fn render_slice(text: &str, start: usize, max_lines: usize) -> IdeResult<String>
    if available <= max_lines {
        return Ok(range(start, count));
    }
+    if window {
+        let end = start + max_lines - 1;
+        return Ok(format!(
+            "{}\n\u{2026}{} more lines; read on with offset={}\u{2026}",
+            range(start, end),
+            count - end,
+            end + 1
+        ));
+    }
    let head = max_lines / 2;
    let tail = max_lines - head;
    let head_end = start + head - 1;
@@ -245,7 +261,7 @@ mod tests {
    use super::*;

    fn slice(text: &str, start: usize, max: usize) -> String {
-        render_slice(text, start, max).unwrap()
+        render_slice(text, start, max, false).unwrap()
    }

    #[test]
@@ -254,18 +270,27 @@ mod tests {
        assert_eq!(slice("a\r\nb\n", 1, 10), "L1: a\nL2: b\nL3: ");
        assert_eq!(slice("", 1, 10), "L1: ");
        assert_eq!(slice("a\nb\nc", 2, 10), "L2: b\nL3: c");
-        assert!(render_slice("", 2, 10).unwrap_err().message.contains("offset exceeds file length"));
-        assert!(render_slice("a\nb", 3, 10).unwrap_err().message.contains("offset exceeds file length"));
+        assert!(render_slice("", 2, 10, true).unwrap_err().message.contains("offset exceeds file length"));
+        assert!(render_slice("a\nb", 3, 10, true).unwrap_err().message.contains("offset exceeds file length"));
    }

    #[test]
-    fn keeps_head_and_tail_of_long_slices() {
+    fn keeps_head_and_tail_of_a_long_default_read() {
        let text = (1..=11).map(|n| format!("line {n}")).collect::<Vec<_>>().join("\n");
        assert_eq!(slice(&text, 1, 4), "L1: line 1\nL2: line 2\n…7 lines truncated…\nL10: line 10\nL11: line 11");
        assert_eq!(slice(&text, 3, 4), "L3: line 3\nL4: line 4\n…5 lines truncated…\nL10: line 10\nL11: line 11");
        assert_eq!(slice(&text, 1, 1), "…10 lines truncated…\nL11: line 11");
    }

+    #[test]
+    fn reads_an_explicit_range_exactly_and_says_where_to_read_on() {
+        let text = (1..=11).map(|n| format!("line {n}")).collect::<Vec<_>>().join("\n");
+        let window = |start, max| render_slice(&text, start, max, true).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(window(5, 3), "L5: line 5\nL6: line 6\nL7: line 7\n…4 more lines; read on with offset=8…");
+        assert_eq!(window(1, 1), "L1: line 1\n…10 more lines; read on with offset=2…");
+        assert_eq!(window(10, 3), "L10: line 10\nL11: line 11", "the end of the file needs no marker");
+    }
+
    #[test]
    fn cuts_long_lines_at_utf16_units() {
        let long = "x".repeat(2100);
@@ -1,8 +1,9 @@
 //! Built-in IDE tools. Transport and discovery live in `ide-mcp`.
+mod check;
 mod edit;
 mod editors;
 mod requests;
-mod run;
+pub(crate) mod run;
 mod vcs;
 pub use requests::Requests;
 mod files;
@@ -16,6 +17,7 @@ use crate::Host;
 use ide_core::{CancellationToken, IdeError};
 use ide_mcp::{ToolCallError, ToolRegistry};
 pub use reports::{FileProblems, FocusedEditor, Reports};
+pub use run::agent::{AGENT_PARAM, AgentRun, AgentRuns, NAME_PREFIX, SHELL_PARAM};
 use std::path::{Path, PathBuf};
 use std::sync::Arc;

@@ -30,6 +32,7 @@ fn tools() -> Vec<tool::Tool> {
    let mut tools = files::tools();
    tools.extend(search::tools());
    tools.extend(editors::tools());
+    tools.push(check::check_files());
    tools.push(symbols::get_symbol_info());
    tools.push(symbols::find_references());
    tools.extend(edit::tools());
@@ -0,0 +1,418 @@
+//! `run_command` and the tools that follow its tab up: `wait_for_run`, `read_run_output`,
+//! `get_run_status`, `send_run_input`, `stop_run` and `list_runs` (see [`super::agent`]).
+
+use super::agent::{AgentRun, INTERVENTION_ADVICE, TruncateMode, clean_output, tab_name, truncate_lines};
+use super::output::RUN_PREVIEW_MAX_LENGTH;
+use crate::mcp::run::timeout;
+use crate::mcp::tool::{Call, Output, Param, ParamType, Tool};
+use ide_core::{IdeError, IdeResult};
+use serde_json::{Map, Value};
+use std::sync::Arc;
+
+const RUN_TIMEOUT_MS: usize = 10_000;
+const WAIT_TIMEOUT_MS: usize = 30_000;
+const STOP_TIMEOUT_MS: usize = 10_000;
+/// Lines of output returned at most, by default (as JetBrains' `execute_terminal_command`).
+const DEFAULT_MAX_LINES: usize = 2000;
+/// Bytes of the log read for one result at most.
+const READ_CAP: usize = 1 << 20;
+/// Lines of output quoted when a name is still running.
+const BUSY_TAIL_LINES: usize = 20;
+
+const NAME: &str = "Tab name. OpenIDEA shows the tab as `_agent_<name>`; passing the prefixed name works too.";
+const SEQUENCE: &str = "\n\nUsing the same name for every command of one task reuses its tab: a name whose command \
+has finished starts the next command in the same tab. A name whose command is still running is refused (with that \
+command and its last output); stop it with `stop_run` first or use another name. Nothing is stopped implicitly.";
+const INTERVENTIONS: &str = "\n\nThe user sees every tab and can type into it, rerun or stop its command, or close \
+it. Results then carry `interventions` (for example `User input: …` or `The user reran this command at …`) and \
+`advice`: unless the user asked otherwise, stop what you are doing, tell the user you received the intervention and \
+wait for their confirmation before you continue.";
+const OUTPUT: &str = "\n\nThe command runs on pipes, not a terminal, so programs print plain lines (no progress \
+bars). `output` is that text cleaned of escape sequences, at most `maxLinesCount` lines (default 2000): beyond it, \
+`truncateMode` START (default) keeps the end, END the start, MIDDLE both ends, NONE everything, with a \
+`<<<...content truncated...>>>` line where lines were left out and `truncatedLines` saying how many. `outputStart` \
+and `nextOffset` are positions in the tab's raw output log; pass `nextOffset` as `offset` to read on.";
+const MAX_LINES: &str = "Lines of output to return at most (default 2000)";
+const TRUNCATE_MODE: &str = "Which lines to leave out beyond maxLinesCount: START (default, keeps the end), END \
+(keeps the start), MIDDLE (keeps both ends) or NONE";
+
+fn find(call: &Call) -> IdeResult<Arc<AgentRun>> {
+    let name = tab_name(&call.str("name")?)?;
+    call.host()
+        .mcp_agent_runs
+        .get(call.root(), &name)
+        .ok_or_else(|| IdeError::not_found(format!("no agent tab named `{name}` (see list_runs)")))
+}
+
+/// `status` of `run`, with interventions not told yet.
+fn result(run: &AgentRun, extra: Map<String, Value>) -> IdeResult<Output> {
+    let mut out = run.status();
+    out.extend(extra);
+    let interventions = run.take_interventions();
+    if !interventions.is_empty() {
+        out.insert("interventions".into(), interventions.into());
+        out.insert("advice".into(), INTERVENTION_ADVICE.into());
+    }
+    Output::json(Value::Object(out))
+}
+
+/// The output from `from` as the agent reads it: cleaned, then cut to `maxLinesCount` lines
+/// as `truncateMode` says.
+fn output_view(call: &Call, run: &AgentRun, from: u64) -> IdeResult<Map<String, Value>> {
+    let max_lines = match call.opt_i64("maxLinesCount")? {
+        Some(n) if n < 1 => return Err(IdeError::invalid("maxLinesCount must be > 0")),
+        Some(n) => n as usize,
+        None => DEFAULT_MAX_LINES,
+    };
+    let mode = match call.opt_str("truncateMode")? {
+        Some(name) => TruncateMode::parse(&name)
+            .ok_or_else(|| IdeError::invalid("truncateMode must be START, MIDDLE, END or NONE"))?,
+        None => TruncateMode::Start,
+    };
+    let len = run.log_len();
+    let from = from.min(len);
+    // A long output is read from the end that stays.
+    let start = if mode == TruncateMode::Start && len - from > READ_CAP as u64 { len - READ_CAP as u64 } else { from };
+    let (raw, start, end) = run.read(start, READ_CAP)?;
+    let (text, truncated) = truncate_lines(&clean_output(&raw), max_lines, mode);
+    let mut out = Map::new();
+    out.insert("output".into(), text.into());
+    if truncated > 0 {
+        out.insert("truncatedLines".into(), truncated.into());
+    }
+    out.insert("outputStart".into(), start.into());
+    out.insert("nextOffset".into(), end.into());
+    Ok(out)
+}
+
+fn deadline(call: &Call, default: usize) -> IdeResult<tokio::time::Instant> {
+    Ok(tokio::time::Instant::now() + timeout(call, default)?)
+}
+
+fn pattern(call: &Call) -> IdeResult<Option<regex_lite::Regex>> {
+    call.opt_str("pattern")?
+        .filter(|p| !p.is_empty())
+        .map(|p| regex_lite::Regex::new(&p).map_err(|e| IdeError::invalid(format!("invalid pattern: {e}"))))
+        .transpose()
+}
+
+fn offset(call: &Call, name: &str) -> IdeResult<Option<u64>> {
+    match call.opt_i64(name)? {
+        Some(n) if n < 0 => Err(IdeError::invalid(format!("{name} must not be negative"))),
+        n => Ok(n.map(|n| n as u64)),
+    }
+}
+
+fn busy(run: &AgentRun) -> IdeError {
+    let tail = run.tail(run.process_offset(), BUSY_TAIL_LINES, RUN_PREVIEW_MAX_LENGTH).map(|t| t.0).unwrap_or_default();
+    IdeError::invalid(format!(
+        "`{}` is still running `{}`. Stop it with stop_run first, or use another name.\nLast output:\n{}",
+        run.name,
+        run.command(),
+        clean_output(&tail).trim_end()
+    ))
+}
+
+pub fn run_command() -> Tool {
+    Tool::new(
+        "run_command",
+        &format!(
+            "Runs a shell command line in a new or reused tab of OpenIDEA's Run tool window, with the shell of \
+Settings › Tools › Terminal. The user is asked first (unless the IDE runs tools without \
+confirmation). Waits up to `timeout` milliseconds (default {RUN_TIMEOUT_MS}) for the command to finish; a command \
+still running then keeps running, and `wait_for_run`, `read_run_output`, `get_run_status`, `send_run_input` and \
+`stop_run` follow it up by name. Returns the tab's status (`state`: starting, running, stopping, succeeded, failed, \
+crashed, stoppedByAgent, stoppedByUser or startFailed; `exitCode`; `crash` with the signal or exception of a crashed \
+process) and its output so far.{OUTPUT}{SEQUENCE}{INTERVENTIONS}"
+        ),
+        |call| async move {
+            let name = tab_name(&call.str("name")?)?;
+            let command = call.str("command")?;
+            if command.trim().is_empty() {
+                return Err(IdeError::invalid("command must not be empty"));
+            }
+            let cwd = match call.opt_str("workingDirectory")?.filter(|d| !d.trim().is_empty()) {
+                Some(dir) => {
+                    let path = call.resolve_inside(&dir)?;
+                    if !path.is_dir() {
+                        return Err(IdeError::not_found(format!("workingDirectory {} is not a directory", dir)));
+                    }
+                    path
+                }
+                None => call.root().to_path_buf(),
+            };
+            let env = call.args.get("envs").filter(|v| !v.is_null()).map(|_| call.str_map("envs")).transpose()?;
+            let deadline = deadline(&call, RUN_TIMEOUT_MS)?;
+            let host = call.host();
+            let runs = &host.mcp_agent_runs;
+            if let Some(run) = runs.get(call.root(), &name).filter(|r| r.running()) {
+                return Err(busy(&run));
+            }
+            let shown_cwd = call.display(&cwd);
+            let mut detail = format!(
+                "{command}\n\nTab: {name}\nWorking directory: {}",
+                if shown_cwd.is_empty() { ".".to_owned() } else { shown_cwd.clone() }
+            );
+            for (key, value) in env.iter().flatten() {
+                detail.push_str(&format!("\n{key}={value}"));
+            }
+            call.confirm(&name, Some(detail)).await?;
+            let run = runs.prepare(call.root(), call.window(), &name, &command, &shown_cwd).map_err(|r| busy(&r))?;
+            let request = ide_core::event::McpUiRequest::AgentRun {
+                name: name.clone(),
+                command: command.clone(),
+                cwd: cwd.into(),
+                env: env.unwrap_or_default().into_iter().collect(),
+            };
+            if let Err(e) = call.ask(request).await {
+                let error = run.start_error();
+                runs.abandon(&run);
+                return Err(match error {
+                    Some(error) => IdeError::invalid(format!("`{name}` did not start: {error}")),
+                    None => e,
+                });
+            }
+            if let Some(error) = run.start_error() {
+                return Err(IdeError::invalid(format!("`{name}` did not start: {error}")));
+            }
+            let from = run.process_offset();
+            let end = run.wait(deadline, None, from, &call.cancel).await?;
+            let mut extra = output_view(&call, &run, from)?;
+            extra.insert("waitEnded".into(), end.as_str().into());
+            result(&run, extra)
+        },
+    )
+    .write()
+    .param(Param::required("name", ParamType::String, NAME))
+    .param(Param::required(
+        "command",
+        ParamType::String,
+        "Shell command line, e.g. `npm test -- --watch=false` or `cargo build && ./target/debug/app`",
+    ))
+    .param(Param::optional(
+        "workingDirectory",
+        ParamType::String,
+        "Directory inside the project to run in, relative to the project root; default: the project root",
+    ))
+    .param(Param::optional("envs", ParamType::StringMap, "Environment variables added for this command"))
+    .param(Param::optional(
+        "timeout",
+        ParamType::Integer,
+        "Milliseconds to wait for the command to finish before returning (0 returns once it started); the command \
+keeps running after it",
+    ))
+    .param(Param::optional("maxLinesCount", ParamType::Integer, MAX_LINES))
+    .param(Param::optional("truncateMode", ParamType::String, TRUNCATE_MODE))
+}
+
+pub fn wait_for_run() -> Tool {
+    Tool::new(
+        "wait_for_run",
+        &format!(
+            "Waits until the command of an agent tab finishes, its output matches `pattern`, the user intervenes, or \
+`timeout` milliseconds pass (default {WAIT_TIMEOUT_MS}). Cancelling the wait leaves the command running. Returns \
+`waitEnded` (exited, matched, userIntervened or timedOut), the tab's status and the output since `offset`. Use \
+`pattern` to wait for a server to be ready, e.g. `Listening on|Started .* in`.{OUTPUT}{INTERVENTIONS}"
+        ),
+        |call| async move {
+            let run = find(&call)?;
+            let deadline = deadline(&call, WAIT_TIMEOUT_MS)?;
+            let pattern = pattern(&call)?;
+            let from = offset(&call, "offset")?.unwrap_or_else(|| run.process_offset());
+            let end = run.wait(deadline, pattern.as_ref(), from, &call.cancel).await?;
+            let mut extra = output_view(&call, &run, from)?;
+            extra.insert("waitEnded".into(), end.as_str().into());
+            result(&run, extra)
+        },
+    )
+    .param(Param::required("name", ParamType::String, NAME))
+    .param(Param::optional("timeout", ParamType::Integer, "Milliseconds to wait at most"))
+    .param(Param::optional(
+        "pattern",
+        ParamType::String,
+        "Regular expression to wait for in the output after `offset` (as the command wrote it)",
+    ))
+    .param(Param::optional(
+        "offset",
+        ParamType::Integer,
+        "Where in the tab's output log to start: a `nextOffset` from an earlier result. Default: where the current \
+command's output starts",
+    ))
+    .param(Param::optional("maxLinesCount", ParamType::Integer, MAX_LINES))
+    .param(Param::optional("truncateMode", ParamType::String, TRUNCATE_MODE))
+}
+
+pub fn read_run_output() -> Tool {
+    Tool::new(
+        "read_run_output",
+        &format!(
+            "Reads the output log of an agent tab, which goes on across the commands and reruns of the tab: from \
+`offset` (a `nextOffset` from an earlier result), or from its start. Also returns the tab's status.\
+{OUTPUT}{INTERVENTIONS}"
+        ),
+        |call| async move {
+            let run = find(&call)?;
+            let from = offset(&call, "offset")?.unwrap_or(0);
+            let extra = output_view(&call, &run, from)?;
+            result(&run, extra)
+        },
+    )
+    .param(Param::required("name", ParamType::String, NAME))
+    .param(Param::optional("offset", ParamType::Integer, "Where in the log to read from"))
+    .param(Param::optional("maxLinesCount", ParamType::Integer, MAX_LINES))
+    .param(Param::optional("truncateMode", ParamType::String, TRUNCATE_MODE))
+}
+
+pub fn get_run_status() -> Tool {
+    Tool::new(
+        "get_run_status",
+        &format!(
+            "Returns the status of an agent tab: its command, `state` (starting, running, stopping, succeeded, \
+failed, crashed, stoppedByAgent, stoppedByUser or startFailed), `startedBy` (agent, or user when the user reran \
+it), times, `exitCode`, `crash`, `outputLength`, `lastOutputAt` (a running command silent for long may be waiting \
+for input) and `tabClosedAt` when the user closed the tab.{INTERVENTIONS}"
+        ),
+        |call| async move {
+            let run = find(&call)?;
+            result(&run, Map::new())
+        },
+    )
+    .param(Param::required("name", ParamType::String, NAME))
+}
+
+pub fn list_runs() -> Tool {
+    Tool::new(
+        "list_runs",
+        "Lists the agent tabs of the project (those started by `run_command`) with their status.",
+        |call| async move {
+            let runs: Vec<Value> =
+                call.host().mcp_agent_runs.list(call.root()).iter().map(|r| Value::Object(r.status())).collect();
+            Output::json(serde_json::json!({ "runs": runs }))
+        },
+    )
+}
+
+/// What a key does to a command on pipes.
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
+enum Key {
+    /// Writes this text to its input.
+    Text(&'static str),
+    /// Ctrl+C: stops it, as `stop_run` does.
+    Interrupt,
+    /// Ctrl+D: ends its input.
+    EndOfInput,
+}
+
+fn key(name: &str) -> IdeResult<Key> {
+    Ok(match name.trim().to_ascii_lowercase().replace(' ', "").as_str() {
+        "enter" | "return" => Key::Text("\n"),
+        "tab" => Key::Text("\t"),
+        "ctrl+c" => Key::Interrupt,
+        "ctrl+d" => Key::EndOfInput,
+        "escape" | "esc" | "backspace" | "ctrl+z" | "ctrl+\\" | "ctrl+l" | "up" | "down" | "left" | "right" => {
+            return Err(IdeError::invalid(format!(
+                "`{name}` is a terminal key, and the command runs on pipes, not a terminal: send text and Enter, \
+Ctrl+C to stop it or Ctrl+D to end its input"
+            )));
+        }
+        _ => return Err(IdeError::invalid(format!("unknown key `{name}`"))),
+    })
+}
+
+pub fn send_run_input() -> Tool {
+    Tool::new(
+        "send_run_input",
+        "Writes to the input of the running command of an agent tab, which runs on pipes: `text` as it is, then \
+`keys` in order: Enter (a line break), Tab, Ctrl+C (stops the command, as `stop_run` does) and Ctrl+D (ends its \
+input). Terminal keys (arrows, Escape, Backspace, Ctrl+Z…) are refused. To answer a prompt, pass the answer as \
+`text` and `keys: [\"Enter\"]`. The user sees the command's output in the tab. Returns the tab's status.",
+        |call| async move {
+            let run = find(&call)?;
+            let text = call.opt_str("text")?.unwrap_or_default();
+            let keys = call.str_list("keys")?.iter().map(|k| key(k)).collect::<IdeResult<Vec<_>>>()?;
+            if text.is_empty() && keys.is_empty() {
+                return Err(IdeError::invalid("pass `text`, `keys` or both"));
+            }
+            let id = run.live_process().ok_or_else(|| IdeError::invalid(format!("`{}` is not running", run.name)))?;
+            call.project().require_trust()?;
+            let host = call.host();
+            let mut data = text;
+            for key in keys {
+                match key {
+                    Key::Text(text) => data.push_str(text),
+                    Key::EndOfInput | Key::Interrupt => {
+                        if !data.is_empty() {
+                            host.processes.write_stdin(id, &std::mem::take(&mut data))?;
+                        }
+                        if key == Key::EndOfInput {
+                            crate::ops::run::close_stdin(&host, id)?;
+                        } else {
+                            run.agent_stopping();
+                            crate::ops::run::stop(&host, &run.window(), id)?;
+                            break;
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            if !data.is_empty() {
+                host.processes.write_stdin(id, &data)?;
+            }
+            result(&run, Map::new())
+        },
+    )
+    .write()
+    .param(Param::required("name", ParamType::String, NAME))
+    .param(Param::optional("text", ParamType::String, "Text to type"))
+    .param(Param::optional("keys", ParamType::StringList, "Keys to press after `text`"))
+}
+
+pub fn stop_run() -> Tool {
+    Tool::new(
+        "stop_run",
+        &format!(
+            "Stops the running command of an agent tab, the way the Run tool window's Stop does: it asks the \
+process tree to exit and, with `force`, kills it. Waits up to `timeout` milliseconds (default {STOP_TIMEOUT_MS}) \
+for it to end and returns the tab's status (`stoppedByAgent` once it ended). A process that ignores the request \
+keeps `stopping`: call again with `force`. The tab stays open with its output."
+        ),
+        |call| async move {
+            let run = find(&call)?;
+            let id = run.live_process().ok_or_else(|| IdeError::invalid(format!("`{}` is not running", run.name)))?;
+            let force = call.flag("force", false)?;
+            let deadline = deadline(&call, STOP_TIMEOUT_MS)?;
+            let host = call.host();
+            run.agent_stopping();
+            crate::ops::run::stop(&host, &run.window(), id)?;
+            if force {
+                // A second Stop kills the tree.
+                crate::ops::run::stop(&host, &run.window(), id)?;
+            }
+            let end = run.wait(deadline, None, run.log_len(), &call.cancel).await?;
+            let mut extra = Map::new();
+            extra.insert("waitEnded".into(), end.as_str().into());
+            result(&run, extra)
+        },
+    )
+    .write()
+    .param(Param::required("name", ParamType::String, NAME))
+    .param(Param::optional("force", ParamType::Boolean, "Kill the process tree instead of asking it to exit"))
+    .param(Param::optional("timeout", ParamType::Integer, "Milliseconds to wait for the command to end"))
+}
+
+pub fn tools() -> Vec<Tool> {
+    vec![run_command(), wait_for_run(), read_run_output(), get_run_status(), send_run_input(), stop_run(), list_runs()]
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn keys_are_what_pipes_can_take() {
+        assert_eq!(key(" enter ").unwrap(), Key::Text("\n"));
+        assert_eq!(key("Ctrl+C").unwrap(), Key::Interrupt);
+        assert_eq!(key("ctrl+d").unwrap(), Key::EndOfInput);
+        assert!(key("Up").unwrap_err().message.contains("runs on pipes"));
+        assert!(key("F13").unwrap_err().message.contains("unknown key"));
+    }
+}
@@ -15,7 +15,6 @@ use std::sync::Arc;
 use std::time::Instant;

 const DEFAULT_TIMEOUT_MS: usize = 60_000;
-const MAX_TIMEOUT_MS: usize = 3_600_000;
 const MAX_PROBLEMS: usize = 300;
 /// Console lines attached to a failure whose messages were not parsed.
 const CONSOLE_LINES: usize = 200;
@@ -84,13 +83,13 @@ You have to use this tool after performing edits to validate if the edits are va
 In OpenIDEA the project's build system builds it (Maven, Gradle, Cargo, Go or TypeScript); with `filesToRebuild`, the \
 modules containing those files. Asks the user first for every call. Problems have the project-relative \
 `file` and 1-based `line` / `column`; at most 300 problems are listed, and `isSuccess` is false whenever one of them \
-is an ERROR. On timeout (at most 1 hour; 0 times out at once) the build is stopped.",
+is an ERROR. On timeout (0 times out at once) the build is stopped.",
        |call| async move {
            let files: Vec<String> =
                call.str_list("filesToRebuild")?.into_iter().filter(|f| !f.trim().is_empty()).collect();
            let rebuild = call.flag("rebuild", false)? && files.is_empty();
            let kind = if rebuild { BuildKind::Rebuild } else { BuildKind::Build };
-            let limit = timeout(&call, DEFAULT_TIMEOUT_MS, MAX_TIMEOUT_MS)?;
+            let limit = timeout(&call, DEFAULT_TIMEOUT_MS)?;
            let mut targets: Vec<Option<PathBuf>> = Vec::new();
            let mut dirs: Vec<PathBuf> = Vec::new();
            for f in &files {
@@ -19,8 +19,6 @@ use std::sync::Arc;
 use std::time::{Duration, Instant};

 const DEFAULT_TIMEOUT_MS: usize = 10_000;
-/// No limit in JetBrains; the process keeps running after the timeout anyway.
-const MAX_TIMEOUT_MS: usize = 1_800_000;
 /// Output of a failed before-launch process kept for the error message.
 const MAX_PROCESS_OUTPUT_LENGTH: usize = 20_000;
 /// A before-launch build gets this long.
@@ -541,7 +539,7 @@ tool window; output files are private and deleted after a day.",
            )?;
            let wait = call.flag("waitForExit", true)?;
            // As JetBrains: `timeout` is ignored without waiting, and 0 returns without waiting.
-            let limit = if wait { Some(timeout(&call, DEFAULT_TIMEOUT_MS, MAX_TIMEOUT_MS)?) } else { None };
+            let limit = if wait { Some(timeout(&call, DEFAULT_TIMEOUT_MS)?) } else { None };
            let envs = call.args.get("envs").filter(|v| !v.is_null()).map(|_| call.str_map("envs")).transpose()?;
            let configs = load_configs(&call).await?;
            let mut config = match &target {
@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
-//! Run configurations and builds; every call asks the user first.
+//! Run configurations, builds and agent commands; every start asks the user first.

+pub(crate) mod agent;
+mod agent_tools;
 mod build;
 mod configs;
 mod output;
@@ -11,15 +13,22 @@ use ide_core::IdeResult;
 use std::time::Duration;

 pub fn tools() -> Vec<Tool> {
-    vec![configs::get_run_configurations(), configs::execute_run_configuration(), build::build_project()]
+    let mut tools =
+        vec![configs::get_run_configurations(), configs::execute_run_configuration(), build::build_project()];
+    tools.extend(agent_tools::tools());
+    tools
 }

-/// The `timeout` argument: `default` when absent, at most `max` milliseconds. As in JetBrains
+/// Longest wait: far enough to be no limit, near enough not to overflow a deadline.
+const FOREVER_MS: u64 = 365 * 24 * 60 * 60 * 1000;
+
+/// The `timeout` argument in milliseconds, `default` when absent: the agent decides how long
+/// to wait (long waits are answered on an event stream, see `ide_mcp`). As in JetBrains
 /// (`withTimeoutOrNull`), zero or a negative value times out at once.
-fn timeout(call: &Call, default: usize, max: usize) -> IdeResult<Duration> {
+pub(crate) fn timeout(call: &Call, default: usize) -> IdeResult<Duration> {
    Ok(match call.opt_i64("timeout")? {
        None => Duration::from_millis(default as u64),
        Some(n) if n <= 0 => Duration::ZERO,
-        Some(n) => Duration::from_millis((n as u64).min(max as u64)),
+        Some(n) => Duration::from_millis((n as u64).min(FOREVER_MS)),
    })
 }
@@ -434,10 +434,23 @@ fn cwd_of(root: &Path, c: &RunConfig) -> String {
    cwd.trim_end_matches('/').to_owned()
 }

-/// Configs whose working directory most specifically contains `rel` (ties in their original order).
+/// The directory a config covers: a Cargo workspace member's own directory (its `cargo test -p`
+/// runs from the workspace root), else its working directory.
+fn scope_of(root: &Path, c: &RunConfig) -> String {
+    match c.extras.module.as_deref() {
+        Some(module) if c.kind == "cargo" => {
+            let module = module.replace('\\', "/");
+            let module = module.strip_prefix("./").unwrap_or(&module);
+            if module == "." { String::new() } else { module.trim_end_matches('/').to_owned() }
+        }
+        _ => cwd_of(root, c),
+    }
+}
+
+/// Configs whose scope ([`scope_of`]) most specifically contains `rel` (ties in their original order).
 fn all_closest<'a>(root: &Path, configs: &[&'a RunConfig], rel: &str) -> Vec<&'a RunConfig> {
    let score = |c: &RunConfig| -> Option<usize> {
-        let cwd = cwd_of(root, c);
+        let cwd = scope_of(root, c);
        if cwd.is_empty() { Some(0) } else { (rel == cwd || rel.starts_with(&format!("{cwd}/"))).then_some(cwd.len()) }
    };
    let scored: Vec<(&RunConfig, usize)> = configs.iter().filter_map(|c| score(c).map(|s| (*c, s))).collect();
@@ -922,6 +935,33 @@ mod tests {
        assert_eq!(c.args, ["test", "--", "math::tests::"]);
    }

+    #[test]
+    fn a_workspace_member_runs_its_own_tests() {
+        let root = Path::new("/p");
+        let member = |pkg: &str, dir: &str| {
+            let mut c = blank(
+                format!("cargo:test:{pkg}"),
+                "test",
+                "cargo",
+                "cargo".into(),
+                vec!["test".into(), "-p".into(), pkg.into()],
+            );
+            c.is_test = true;
+            c.extras.module = Some(dir.into());
+            c
+        };
+        let mut workspace = blank("cargo:test".into(), "test", "cargo", "cargo".into(), vec!["test".into()]);
+        workspace.is_test = true;
+        let configs = vec![member("ide-agent", "crates/ide-agent"), member("ide-mcp", "crates/ide-mcp"), workspace];
+        let src = "#[cfg(test)]\nmod tests {\n    #[test]\n    fn adds() {}\n}\n";
+        let rel = "crates/ide-mcp/src/stdio.rs";
+        let ts = detect(src, rel);
+        let c = target_config(root, &ts[1], rel, &configs, src).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(c.args, ["test", "-p", "ide-mcp", "--", "stdio::tests::adds", "--exact"]);
+        let c = target_config(root, &ts[1], "src/lib.rs", &configs, src).unwrap();
+        assert!(!c.args.iter().any(|a| a == "-p"), "outside every member: the workspace's tests, {:?}", c.args);
+    }
+
    #[test]
    fn cargo_test_args_get_one_separator() {
        let root = Path::new("/p");
@@ -38,6 +38,14 @@ const LINE_WINDOW: usize = 500;
 const PATHS_DESCRIPTION: &str = "Optional list of project-relative glob patterns to filter results. Supports '!' \
 excludes. Trailing '/' expands to '**'. Patterns without '/' are treated as '**/pattern'. Empty strings are ignored.";
 const LIMIT_DESCRIPTION: &str = "Maximum number of results to return";
+const CONTEXT_DESCRIPTION: &str = "Lines around each match to return besides the matched line (`lineText`): \"+N\" the \
+N lines after it (`contextAfter`), \"-N\" the N lines before it (`contextBefore`), \"N\" (or the number N) N lines on \
+each side. At most 50. Default: the matched line only.";
+/// A matched line longer than this (UTF-16 units) is cut to the match and [`SNIPPET_AROUND`] units
+/// on each side of it; a longer context line to its start.
+const MAX_LINE_TEXT: usize = 300;
+const SNIPPET_AROUND: usize = 100;
+const MAX_CONTEXT_LINES: u32 = 50;

 pub fn tools() -> Vec<Tool> {
    vec![search_text(), search_regex(), search_symbol(), search_file()]
@@ -49,6 +57,8 @@ fn search_text() -> Tool {
        "Searches for a text substring within project files.
 Use this tool for fast text search with match coordinates.
 Results include match coordinates when available (1-based line/column, end exclusive).
+Each result has the matched line (`lineText`; a long line cut to the match and 100 characters on each side, marked
+with …), and with `context` the lines around it.

 Paths are glob patterns relative to the project root.
 Examples: [\"src/**\", \"!**/test/**\"], [\"**/*.kt\"], [\"foo/\"].",
@@ -57,6 +67,7 @@ Examples: [\"src/**\", \"!**/test/**\"], [\"**/*.kt\"], [\"foo/\"].",
    .param(Param::required("q", ParamType::String, "Text to search for"))
    .param(Param::optional("paths", ParamType::StringList, PATHS_DESCRIPTION))
    .param(Param::optional("limit", ParamType::Integer, LIMIT_DESCRIPTION))
+    .param(Param::optional("context", ParamType::String, CONTEXT_DESCRIPTION))
    .output(result_schema())
 }

@@ -66,6 +77,8 @@ fn search_regex() -> Tool {
        "Searches for regex matches within project files.
 Use this tool when you need regex search with match coordinates.
 Results include match coordinates when available (1-based line/column, end exclusive).
+Each result has the matched line (`lineText`; a long line cut to the match and 100 characters on each side, marked
+with …), and with `context` the lines around it.
 The pattern uses Rust regex syntax and is case-sensitive; prefix `(?i)` to ignore case.

 Paths are glob patterns relative to the project root.
@@ -75,6 +88,7 @@ Examples: [\"src/**\", \"!**/test/**\"], [\"**/*.kt\"], [\"foo/\"].",
    .param(Param::required("q", ParamType::String, "Regex pattern to search for"))
    .param(Param::optional("paths", ParamType::StringList, PATHS_DESCRIPTION))
    .param(Param::optional("limit", ParamType::Integer, LIMIT_DESCRIPTION))
+    .param(Param::optional("context", ParamType::String, CONTEXT_DESCRIPTION))
    .output(result_schema())
 }

@@ -84,6 +98,7 @@ fn search_symbol() -> Tool {
        "Searches for symbols (classes, methods, fields).
 Use this tool for semantic lookup by identifier fragments.
 Results include match coordinates when available (1-based line/column, end exclusive).
+Project results have their line (`lineText`), and with `context` the lines around it.

 Paths are glob patterns relative to the project root.
 By default this searches project symbols only.
@@ -99,6 +114,7 @@ If you don't find a suitable result, try again with include_external=true to sea
 with include_external=true.",
    ))
    .param(Param::optional("limit", ParamType::Integer, LIMIT_DESCRIPTION))
+    .param(Param::optional("context", ParamType::String, CONTEXT_DESCRIPTION))
    .output(result_schema())
 }

@@ -145,6 +161,13 @@ struct SearchItem {
    name: Option<String>,
    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
    container: Option<String>,
+    /// The text of `start_line` (cut when long).
+    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
+    line_text: Option<String>,
+    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Vec::is_empty")]
+    context_before: Vec<String>,
+    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Vec::is_empty")]
+    context_after: Vec<String>,
 }

 impl SearchItem {
@@ -182,7 +205,9 @@ fn result_schema() -> Value {
                "type": "object",
                "properties": {
                    "filePath": string, "startLine": int, "startColumn": int, "endLine": int, "endColumn": int,
-                    "name": string, "container": string,
+                    "name": string, "container": string, "lineText": string,
+                    "contextBefore": { "type": "array", "items": string },
+                    "contextAfter": { "type": "array", "items": string },
                },
                "required": ["filePath"],
            } },
@@ -207,6 +232,87 @@ fn query(call: &Call, empty: &str) -> IdeResult<String> {
    Ok(q)
 }

+// --- matched lines -------------------------------------------------------------
+
+/// The `context` argument as (lines before, lines after).
+fn context(call: &Call) -> IdeResult<(u32, u32)> {
+    let invalid = || IdeError::invalid("context must be \"+N\", \"-N\" or N (lines after, before, or on each side)");
+    let (sign, n) = match call.args.get("context") {
+        None | Some(Value::Null) => return Ok((0, 0)),
+        Some(Value::Number(n)) => (None, n.as_u64().ok_or_else(invalid)?),
+        Some(Value::String(s)) => {
+            let s = s.trim();
+            match s.strip_prefix('+').map(|r| ('+', r)).or_else(|| s.strip_prefix('-').map(|r| ('-', r))) {
+                Some((sign, rest)) => (Some(sign), rest.trim().parse().map_err(|_| invalid())?),
+                None => (None, s.parse().map_err(|_| invalid())?),
+            }
+        }
+        Some(_) => return Err(invalid()),
+    };
+    let n = (n.min(MAX_CONTEXT_LINES as u64)) as u32;
+    Ok(match sign {
+        Some('+') => (0, n),
+        Some(_) => (n, 0),
+        None => (n, n),
+    })
+}
+
+/// `line`, or when longer than [`MAX_LINE_TEXT`] UTF-16 units, the part from [`SNIPPET_AROUND`]
+/// units before 0-based UTF-16 column `start` to as many after `end`, with `…` where it was cut.
+fn snippet(line: &str, start: usize, end: usize) -> String {
+    let units: usize = line.chars().map(char::len_utf16).sum();
+    if units <= MAX_LINE_TEXT {
+        return line.to_owned();
+    }
+    let from = start.saturating_sub(SNIPPET_AROUND);
+    let to = end.max(start).saturating_add(SNIPPET_AROUND).min(units);
+    let (mut out, mut at) = (String::new(), 0);
+    for c in line.chars() {
+        if at >= from && at < to {
+            out.push(c);
+        }
+        at += c.len_utf16();
+    }
+    let before = if from > 0 { "\u{2026}" } else { "" };
+    let after = if to < units { "\u{2026}" } else { "" };
+    format!("{before}{out}{after}")
+}
+
+/// A context line: its first [`MAX_LINE_TEXT`] UTF-16 units.
+fn context_line(line: &str) -> String {
+    snippet(line, 0, MAX_LINE_TEXT.saturating_sub(SNIPPET_AROUND))
+}
+
+/// Fills `line_text` and the context of `items`, whose files are `absolute(item)` (none: left
+/// as they are); each file is read once, with unsaved editor text.
+async fn fill_lines(
+    call: &Call,
+    items: &mut [SearchItem],
+    absolute: impl Fn(&SearchItem) -> Option<PathBuf>,
+    (before, after): (u32, u32),
+) {
+    let host = call.host();
+    let mut current: Option<(PathBuf, Option<Vec<String>>)> = None;
+    for item in items {
+        let (Some(path), Some(line)) = (absolute(item), item.start_line) else { continue };
+        if current.as_ref().is_none_or(|(p, _)| p != &path) {
+            let text = crate::ops::fs::read_text(&host, call.window(), path.clone()).await.ok();
+            let lines = text.map(|t| t.split('\n').map(|l| l.strip_suffix('\r').unwrap_or(l).to_owned()).collect());
+            current = Some((path, lines));
+        }
+        let Some((_, Some(lines))) = &current else { continue };
+        let index = line as usize - 1;
+        let Some(text) = lines.get(index) else { continue };
+        let start = item.start_column.unwrap_or(1) as usize - 1;
+        let end = if item.end_line == Some(line) { item.end_column.map_or(start, |c| c as usize - 1) } else { start };
+        item.line_text = Some(snippet(text, start, end));
+        let first = index.saturating_sub(before as usize);
+        item.context_before = lines[first..index].iter().map(|l| context_line(l)).collect();
+        let last = (index + after as usize).min(lines.len() - 1);
+        item.context_after = lines[index + 1..=last].iter().map(|l| context_line(l)).collect();
+    }
+}
+
 // --- path globs ----------------------------------------------------------------

 /// The `paths` argument: project-relative globs, `!` excludes.
@@ -416,6 +522,7 @@ struct TextHit {
 async fn text_search(call: Call, is_regex: bool) -> IdeResult<Output> {
    let pattern = query(&call, if is_regex { "Regex pattern is empty" } else { "Search text is empty" })?;
    let limit = limit(&call, DEFAULT_LIMIT)?;
+    let around = context(&call)?;
    let scope = PathScope::new(call.root(), &call.str_list("paths")?)?;
    // Globs Find in Files cannot take are applied afterwards, so the engine must not
    // stop at `limit` matches the filter may drop.
@@ -494,7 +601,7 @@ async fn text_search(call: Call, is_regex: bool) -> IdeResult<Output> {
    let more = hits.len() > limit || summary.limit_hit || timed_out;
    hits.truncate(limit);
    extend_spanning(&call, &query, &mut hits, spanning).await;
-    let items = hits
+    let mut items: Vec<SearchItem> = hits
        .into_iter()
        .map(|h| SearchItem {
            file_path: h.file_path,
@@ -505,6 +612,9 @@ async fn text_search(call: Call, is_regex: bool) -> IdeResult<Output> {
            ..Default::default()
        })
        .collect();
+    let absolute: std::collections::HashMap<&str, &Path> =
+        files.iter().map(|(path, file)| (path.as_str(), file.path.0.as_path())).collect();
+    fill_lines(&call, &mut items, |item| absolute.get(item.file_path.as_str()).map(|p| p.to_path_buf()), around).await;
    let partial_result_reason = timed_out.then_some(SEARCH_TIMEOUT_PARTIAL_RESULT_REASON);
    Output::json(SearchResult { items, more, partial_result_reason })
 }
@@ -726,6 +836,7 @@ async fn symbol_search(call: Call) -> IdeResult<Output> {
    let started = Instant::now();
    let q = query(&call, "Search query is empty")?;
    let limit = limit(&call, SYMBOL_SEARCH_DEFAULT_LIMIT)?;
+    let around = context(&call)?;
    let scope = PathScope::new(call.root(), &call.str_list("paths")?)?;
    let external = call.flag("include_external", false)?;
    let host = call.host();
@@ -775,6 +886,13 @@ async fn symbol_search(call: Call) -> IdeResult<Output> {
    }
    let more = items.len() > limit || timed_out;
    items.truncate(limit);
+    // Project files (relative paths, or absolute ones of content roots); library URIs are left out.
+    let root = call.root().to_path_buf();
+    let absolute = |item: &SearchItem| {
+        let path = Path::new(&item.file_path);
+        (!item.file_path.contains("://")).then(|| if path.is_absolute() { path.to_path_buf() } else { root.join(path) })
+    };
+    fill_lines(&call, &mut items, absolute, around).await;
    let indexing = indexing_before || project.index.status().indexing;
    let partial_result_reason = if indexing {
        Some(INDEXING_PARTIAL_RESULT_REASON)
@@ -869,6 +987,17 @@ mod tests {
        assert_eq!(byte_at("ab", 5), None);
    }

+    #[test]
+    fn long_lines_are_cut_around_the_match() {
+        assert_eq!(snippet("short line", 0, 5), "short line");
+        let line = format!("{}needle{}", "a".repeat(400), "b".repeat(400));
+        let cut = snippet(&line, 400, 406);
+        assert_eq!(cut, format!("\u{2026}{}needle{}\u{2026}", "a".repeat(100), "b".repeat(100)));
+        let start = snippet(&line, 0, 0);
+        assert!(start.starts_with('a') && start.ends_with('\u{2026}') && start.chars().count() == 101);
+        assert_eq!(context_line(&"x".repeat(1000)).chars().count(), MAX_LINE_TEXT + 1);
+    }
+
    #[test]
    fn path_scopes() {
        let (_dir, root) = root();
@@ -313,10 +313,11 @@ pub async fn build_sync(
    if tool == BuildTool::Gradle {
        // The sync may report project folders outside the project (`includeFlat`): index and list them.
        project.refresh_index_scope();
-        project.sink.emit(ide_core::IdeEvent::ProjectRootsChanged { root: project.root.clone().into() });
        let p = project.clone();
        tokio::task::spawn_blocking(move || p.refresh_repositories());
    }
+    // New source folders and dependency versions: the Project view and External Libraries reload.
+    project.sink.emit(ide_core::IdeEvent::ProjectRootsChanged { root: project.root.clone().into() });
    if tool == BuildTool::Maven
        && model.maven.is_some()
        && let Some(bridge) = &project.kotlin_bridge
@@ -984,6 +985,38 @@ mod build_tool_settings_tests {
        }
    }

+    /// Changing Project JDK updates the next Maven build without reopening the project.
+    #[test]
+    fn changing_project_jdk_updates_the_next_maven_build() {
+        let tmp = tempfile::tempdir().unwrap();
+        let root = dunce::canonicalize(tmp.path()).unwrap();
+        std::fs::write(
+            root.join("pom.xml"),
+            r#"<project><modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion><groupId>test</groupId><artifactId>app</artifactId><version>1</version></project>"#,
+        )
+        .unwrap();
+        for (name, version) in [("jdk8", "1.8"), ("jdk21", "21")] {
+            let home = root.join(name);
+            std::fs::create_dir_all(home.join("bin")).unwrap();
+            std::fs::write(home.join("bin").join(if cfg!(windows) { "java.exe" } else { "java" }), "").unwrap();
+            std::fs::write(home.join("release"), format!("JAVA_VERSION=\"{version}\"\n")).unwrap();
+        }
+
+        let mut settings = Settings::default();
+        settings.languages.java.maven.runner_jre.clear();
+        for name in ["jdk8", "jdk21"] {
+            settings.languages.java.jdk = name.into();
+            let expected = root.join(name);
+            let model = load(&root, &root.join("cache"), &settings);
+            assert_eq!(model.maven.as_ref().unwrap().projects[0].env["JAVA_HOME"], expected.to_string_lossy());
+            let plan = compile::plan(&root, &model, BuildKind::Build, None, None).unwrap();
+            assert!(!plan.steps.is_empty());
+            for step in plan.steps {
+                assert_eq!(step.env["JAVA_HOME"], expected.to_string_lossy());
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
    #[test]
    fn model_for_sync_tasks_and_compile_uses_gradle_settings() {
        let tmp = tempfile::tempdir().unwrap();
@@ -96,18 +96,19 @@ async fn resolve_launch(
    let cancel = cancel.clone();
    tokio::task::spawn_blocking(move || {
        let _external_build = external_build;
+        let local_repo = ide_sdk::apply::maven_local_repository(&project.root, &settings);
        let built = if delegated {
-            let policy = delegated_policy(policy, prefer_maven, info.error_count);
+            let rebuild_on_jdt_errors = rebuild_on_jdt_errors(policy, prefer_maven, info.error_count);
            let outputs = project.java_launch_snapshots.lock().build(
                &project.root,
                &model,
                &module,
-                cache::BuildOptions { test, policy },
-                ide_sdk::apply::maven_local_repository(&project.root, &settings),
+                cache::BuildOptions { test, policy, rebuild_on_jdt_errors },
+                local_repo.clone(),
                &cancel,
            )?;
            let copies = use_snapshot(&mut info, &outputs.originals, &outputs.snapshot);
-            apply_external_build_result(&mut info, outputs.failure, policy == BuildPolicy::Rebuild);
+            apply_external_build_result(&mut info, outputs.failure, outputs.authoritative);
            copies
        } else if external {
            let built = compile::build_for_launch(&project.root, &model, &module, test, build_kind, &cancel)?;
@@ -123,10 +124,22 @@ async fn resolve_launch(
            Vec::new()
        };
        let mut class_paths: Vec<String> = built.iter().map(|p| p.to_string_lossy().into_owned()).collect();
-        for p in std::mem::take(&mut info.class_paths) {
-            if !class_paths.iter().any(|c| same_entry(c, &p, cfg!(windows))) {
-                class_paths.push(p);
-            }
+        if delegated {
+            // m2e runs inside jdtls on the server JDK and can resolve a different
+            // Maven profile/classifier than the module build. Ask the same Maven
+            // process that built the module for its runtime/test dependencies.
+            let maven_cp = compile::module_classpath(
+                &project.root,
+                &model,
+                &module,
+                test,
+                local_repo,
+                &project.build_cache_dir(),
+                &cancel,
+            );
+            merge_maven_launch_classpath(&mut class_paths, &mut info, maven_cp)?;
+        } else {
+            append_unique_class_paths(&mut class_paths, std::mem::take(&mut info.class_paths));
        }
        info.class_paths = class_paths;
        apply_library_classpath(&mut info, &project.root, &settings.project_structure.libraries, test);
@@ -191,21 +204,18 @@ async fn resolve_launch(
 /// With Settings › Maven › Delegate IDE build/run actions to Maven, javac's verdict replaces
 /// JDT's. Classes JDT wrote for sources with errors look up to date to Maven's incremental
 /// compiler, so a launch JDT reports errors for recompiles everything.
-fn delegated_policy(policy: BuildPolicy, prefer_maven: bool, jdt_errors: u32) -> BuildPolicy {
-    if prefer_maven && jdt_errors > 0 && matches!(policy, BuildPolicy::Automatic | BuildPolicy::Make) {
-        BuildPolicy::Rebuild
-    } else {
-        policy
-    }
+fn rebuild_on_jdt_errors(policy: BuildPolicy, prefer_maven: bool, jdt_errors: u32) -> bool {
+    prefer_maven && jdt_errors > 0 && matches!(policy, BuildPolicy::Automatic | BuildPolicy::Make)
 }

-fn apply_external_build_result(info: &mut JavaLaunchInfo, failure: Option<String>, clean: bool) {
+fn apply_external_build_result(info: &mut JavaLaunchInfo, failure: Option<String>, authoritative: bool) {
    info.build = Some(if let Some(failure) = failure {
        info.hints.push(failure);
        JavaBuildStatus::Failed
-    } else if clean {
-        // A clean external build recompiled every source; JDT's diagnostics still describe
-        // the previous output (and reject sources javac accepts, e.g. a package mismatch).
+    } else if authoritative {
+        // A clean rebuild or a fingerprint-verified snapshot is authoritative. JDT diagnostics
+        // may describe an older output or its own classpath, so they must not mark this launch
+        // as failed after Maven has produced usable classes.
        info.errors.clear();
        info.error_count = 0;
        JavaBuildStatus::Succeeded
@@ -286,6 +296,44 @@ fn same_entry(a: &str, b: &str, windows: bool) -> bool {
    a == b || entry_key(a, windows) == entry_key(b, windows)
 }

+/// Merge the Maven launch classpath without turning a recoverable probe failure into a
+/// failed launch. Cancellation still propagates; ordinary failures keep jdtls' classpath
+/// and leave the reason in the run console.
+fn merge_maven_launch_classpath(
+    class_paths: &mut Vec<String>,
+    info: &mut JavaLaunchInfo,
+    classpath: IdeResult<String>,
+) -> IdeResult<()> {
+    match classpath {
+        Ok(classpath) => {
+            append_unique_class_paths(
+                class_paths,
+                std::env::split_paths(&classpath).map(|path| path.to_string_lossy().into_owned()),
+            );
+            Ok(())
+        }
+        Err(error) if error.kind == ErrorKind::Cancelled => Err(error),
+        Err(error) => {
+            info.hints.push(format!(
+                "Maven launch classpath resolution failed; using the Java language server classpath instead:\n{}",
+                error.message
+            ));
+            append_unique_class_paths(class_paths, std::mem::take(&mut info.class_paths));
+            Ok(())
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// Append entries without changing their precedence; `same_entry` also catches
+/// Windows case-insensitive duplicates that would otherwise lengthen the command.
+fn append_unique_class_paths(class_paths: &mut Vec<String>, entries: impl IntoIterator<Item = String>) {
+    for entry in entries {
+        if !class_paths.iter().any(|existing| same_entry(existing, &entry, cfg!(windows))) {
+            class_paths.push(entry);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
 fn use_snapshot(info: &mut JavaLaunchInfo, built: &[PathBuf], snapshot: &std::path::Path) -> Vec<PathBuf> {
    use_snapshot_on(info, built, snapshot, cfg!(windows))
 }
@@ -410,14 +458,36 @@ mod tests {

    #[test]
    fn delegated_launches_with_jdt_errors_recompile_with_maven() {
-        assert_eq!(delegated_policy(BuildPolicy::Make, true, 1), BuildPolicy::Rebuild);
-        assert_eq!(delegated_policy(BuildPolicy::Automatic, true, 2), BuildPolicy::Rebuild);
-        assert_eq!(delegated_policy(BuildPolicy::Make, true, 0), BuildPolicy::Make);
-        assert_eq!(delegated_policy(BuildPolicy::Make, false, 1), BuildPolicy::Make);
-        assert_eq!(
-            delegated_policy(BuildPolicy::MakeAndContinueOnErrors, true, 1),
-            BuildPolicy::MakeAndContinueOnErrors
-        );
+        assert!(rebuild_on_jdt_errors(BuildPolicy::Make, true, 1));
+        assert!(rebuild_on_jdt_errors(BuildPolicy::Automatic, true, 2));
+        assert!(!rebuild_on_jdt_errors(BuildPolicy::Make, true, 0));
+        assert!(!rebuild_on_jdt_errors(BuildPolicy::Make, false, 1));
+        assert!(!rebuild_on_jdt_errors(BuildPolicy::MakeAndContinueOnErrors, true, 1));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn maven_classpath_probe_failure_falls_back_to_jdtls_classpaths() {
+        let maven = std::env::join_paths(["maven.jar", "snapshot.jar"]).unwrap().to_string_lossy().into_owned();
+        let mut class_paths = vec!["snapshot.jar".to_owned()];
+        let mut info =
+            JavaLaunchInfo { class_paths: vec!["snapshot.jar".into(), "jdtls.jar".into()], ..Default::default() };
+        merge_maven_launch_classpath(&mut class_paths, &mut info, Ok(maven)).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(class_paths, ["snapshot.jar", "maven.jar"]);
+
+        merge_maven_launch_classpath(&mut class_paths, &mut info, Err(IdeError::internal("offline dependency")))
+            .unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(class_paths, ["snapshot.jar", "maven.jar", "jdtls.jar"]);
+        assert!(info.hints[0].contains("offline dependency"), "{:?}", info.hints);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn cancelled_maven_classpath_probe_propagates_without_fallback() {
+        let mut class_paths = vec!["snapshot.jar".to_owned()];
+        let mut info = JavaLaunchInfo { class_paths: vec!["jdtls.jar".into()], ..Default::default() };
+        let error = merge_maven_launch_classpath(&mut class_paths, &mut info, Err(IdeError::cancelled())).unwrap_err();
+        assert_eq!(error.kind, ErrorKind::Cancelled);
+        assert_eq!(class_paths, ["snapshot.jar"]);
+        assert!(info.hints.is_empty());
    }

    #[test]
@@ -461,7 +531,7 @@ mod tests {
    }

    #[test]
-    fn clean_external_build_clears_stale_jdt_errors() {
+    fn authoritative_external_result_clears_stale_jdt_errors() {
        let mut info = JavaLaunchInfo {
            error_count: 7,
            errors: vec![ide_lsp::jdtls::JavaCompileError {
@@ -14,6 +14,10 @@ pub(super) struct Outputs {
    pub originals: Vec<PathBuf>,
    #[serde(skip)]
    pub failure: Option<String>,
+    /// Whether this result replaces jdtls diagnostics with a clean Maven build or a
+    /// verified snapshot. It is runtime-only because reuse is determined per launch.
+    #[serde(skip)]
+    pub authoritative: bool,
 }

 impl Outputs {
@@ -42,6 +46,9 @@ pub(super) fn has_record(root: &Path, cache: &Path, module: &Path) -> bool {
 pub(super) struct BuildOptions {
    pub test: bool,
    pub policy: BuildPolicy,
+    /// A JDT error makes a cache miss rebuild, but it must not prevent an unchanged
+    /// snapshot from being reused on the next launch.
+    pub rebuild_on_jdt_errors: bool,
 }

 /// Owned by Project: running JVMs may still load superseded outputs until it drops.
@@ -75,7 +82,7 @@ impl Session {
        cancel: &CancellationToken,
    ) -> IdeResult<Outputs> {
        self.initialize();
-        let BuildOptions { test, policy } = options;
+        let BuildOptions { test, policy, rebuild_on_jdt_errors } = options;
        let cache = &self.cache;
        let record =
            record_path(root, cache, module, test).ok_or_else(|| IdeError::internal("launch outside project"))?;
@@ -115,8 +122,14 @@ impl Session {
            && outputs.reusable(&before, &snapshots)
        {
            tracing::info!(module = %module.display(), test, "Reusing Maven launch snapshot");
-            return Ok(previous.unwrap());
+            let mut outputs = previous.unwrap();
+            outputs.authoritative = true;
+            return Ok(outputs);
        }
+        // JDT can report errors from its own classpath while the last Maven snapshot is
+        // still valid. Reuse that snapshot first; only a cache miss needs the expensive
+        // clean rebuild that replaces JDT's error-stub classes.
+        let policy = if rebuild_on_jdt_errors { BuildPolicy::Rebuild } else { policy };
        // Retain a non-reusable record even on failure, so removing the final mixed
        // source still delegates to Maven to clean its old classes on the next launch.
        fs::create_dir_all(record.parent().unwrap())?;
@@ -156,7 +169,13 @@ impl Session {
        if cancel.is_cancelled() {
            return Err(IdeError::cancelled());
        }
-        let mut outputs = Outputs { fingerprint: None, snapshot, originals, failure: built.failure };
+        let mut outputs = Outputs {
+            fingerprint: None,
+            snapshot,
+            originals,
+            failure: built.failure,
+            authoritative: policy == BuildPolicy::Rebuild,
+        };
        if outputs.failure.is_none() && before.is_some() && before == after {
            outputs.fingerprint = before;
            fs::create_dir_all(record.parent().unwrap())?;
@@ -334,6 +353,48 @@ mod tests {
        );
    }

+    #[test]
+    fn jdt_errors_reuse_an_unchanged_snapshot_and_rebuild_only_on_a_cache_miss() {
+        let dir = tempfile::tempdir().unwrap();
+        let root = dir.path();
+        let model = fixture(root);
+        let cancel = CancellationToken::new();
+        let mut session = Session::new(root.join("cache"));
+        let first = session.build(root, &model, root, BuildOptions::default(), None, &cancel).unwrap();
+        assert!(!first.authoritative);
+
+        let reused = session
+            .build(
+                root,
+                &model,
+                root,
+                BuildOptions { rebuild_on_jdt_errors: true, ..Default::default() },
+                None,
+                &cancel,
+            )
+            .unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(reused.snapshot, first.snapshot);
+        assert!(reused.authoritative);
+        assert_eq!(fs::read_to_string(root.join("calls")).unwrap().lines().count(), 1);
+
+        fs::write(root.join("src/main/kotlin/Main.kt"), "updated").unwrap();
+        let rebuilt = session
+            .build(
+                root,
+                &model,
+                root,
+                BuildOptions { rebuild_on_jdt_errors: true, ..Default::default() },
+                None,
+                &cancel,
+            )
+            .unwrap();
+        assert_ne!(rebuilt.snapshot, first.snapshot);
+        assert!(rebuilt.authoritative);
+        let calls = fs::read_to_string(root.join("calls")).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(calls.lines().count(), 2);
+        assert!(calls.lines().last().unwrap().contains("clean"));
+    }
+
    #[test]
    fn successful_snapshots_reuse_across_close_and_rebuild_for_changes_missing_outputs_or_failure() {
        let dir = tempfile::tempdir().unwrap();
@@ -483,7 +544,13 @@ mod tests {
        fs::write(snapshots.join("launch-file"), "keep").unwrap();
        let record = cache.join("java-launch/records/deep/module/test.json");
        fs::create_dir_all(record.parent().unwrap()).unwrap();
-        let outputs = Outputs { fingerprint: None, snapshot: retained.clone(), originals: Vec::new(), failure: None };
+        let outputs = Outputs {
+            fingerprint: None,
+            snapshot: retained.clone(),
+            originals: Vec::new(),
+            failure: None,
+            authoritative: false,
+        };
        fs::write(record, serde_json::to_vec(&outputs).unwrap()).unwrap();
        let mut session = Session::new(cache);
        session.initialize();
@@ -1483,23 +1483,38 @@ pub async fn lsp_restart_named(host: &Host, name: &str) -> IdeResult<()> {
 pub async fn apply_workspace_edit(host: &Host, window: &str, edit: WorkspaceEdit) -> IdeResult<()> {
    let project = host.project(window)?;
    blocking(move || {
-        // Multi-file refactorings leave a Local History point to go back to.
-        let paths: Vec<&std::path::Path> = edit
-            .files
-            .iter()
-            .filter_map(|f| match f {
-                ide_core::FileEdit::Edit { path, .. } => Some(&**path),
-                _ => None,
-            })
-            .collect();
-        if edit.files.len() > 1 {
-            project.record_before_refactoring(&paths, "Apply changes");
-        }
+        record_before_multi_file_edit(&project, &edit);
        apply_edit(&project.documents, &edit)
    })
    .await
 }

+/// [`apply_workspace_edit`] for the MCP server's tools: undoable the same way, but the UI does
+/// not announce it as a refactoring.
+pub async fn apply_agent_workspace_edit(host: &Host, window: &str, edit: WorkspaceEdit) -> IdeResult<()> {
+    let project = host.project(window)?;
+    blocking(move || {
+        record_before_multi_file_edit(&project, &edit);
+        project.documents.apply_agent_workspace_edit(&edit)
+    })
+    .await
+}
+
+/// Multi-file edits leave a Local History point to go back to.
+fn record_before_multi_file_edit(project: &crate::Project, edit: &WorkspaceEdit) {
+    let paths: Vec<&std::path::Path> = edit
+        .files
+        .iter()
+        .filter_map(|f| match f {
+            ide_core::FileEdit::Edit { path, .. } => Some(&**path),
+            _ => None,
+        })
+        .collect();
+    if edit.files.len() > 1 {
+        project.record_before_refactoring(&paths, "Apply changes");
+    }
+}
+
 pub async fn prepare_workspace_edit(host: &Host, window: &str, mut edit: WorkspaceEdit) -> IdeResult<WorkspaceEdit> {
    let project = host.project(window)?;
    blocking(move || {
@@ -234,7 +234,19 @@ pub async fn start_request(
 ) -> IdeResult<RunInfo> {
    let cancel = request.map(|id| host.begin_request(id)).unwrap_or_default();
    let operation = config.extras.params.get("plugin.operation").cloned();
-    let result = start_inner(host, window, config, on_output, &cancel).await;
+    let mut config = config;
+    let agent = match host.project(window) {
+        Ok(project) => host.mcp_agent_runs.launch(&project.root, window, &mut config),
+        Err(_) => None,
+    };
+    let on_output = match &agent {
+        Some(agent) => agent.wrap_output(on_output),
+        None => on_output,
+    };
+    let result = start_inner(host, window, config, on_output, agent.as_ref(), &cancel).await;
+    if let Some(agent) = &agent {
+        agent.started(&result);
+    }
    if let Some(id) = request {
        host.end_request(id);
    }
@@ -249,6 +261,7 @@ async fn start_inner(
    window: &str,
    mut config: RunConfig,
    on_output: Emit<OutputChunk>,
+    agent: Option<&crate::mcp::run::agent::Launch>,
    cancel: &ide_core::CancellationToken,
 ) -> IdeResult<RunInfo> {
    if cancel.is_cancelled() {
@@ -282,6 +295,9 @@ async fn start_inner(
    if let Some(plugins) = host.plugin_host() {
        sink = plugins.run_operation_sink(window, &mut config, sink)?;
    }
+    if let Some(agent) = agent {
+        sink = agent.wrap_sink(sink);
+    }
    if config.command.is_empty() {
        return Err(IdeError::invalid("run configuration has no command"));
    }
@@ -450,6 +466,7 @@ pub fn stop(host: &Host, window: &str, id: RunId) -> IdeResult<()> {
    if let Some(plugins) = host.plugin_host() {
        plugins.run_operation_stopped(id);
    }
+    host.mcp_agent_runs.stopping(id);
    let settings = match host.project(window) {
        Ok(p) => p.settings.effective(),
        Err(_) => host.global_settings.effective(),
@@ -461,7 +478,9 @@ pub fn stop(host: &Host, window: &str, id: RunId) -> IdeResult<()> {
    host.processes.stop_with_grace(id, grace)
 }

+/// Input the user typed into a run (the agent's goes to the process directly).
 pub fn stdin(host: &Host, id: RunId, data: &str) -> IdeResult<()> {
+    host.mcp_agent_runs.user_input(id, data);
    if host.remote.runs.contains(id) {
        return host.remote.runs.write_stdin(id, data);
    }
@@ -61,13 +61,16 @@ pub async fn sdk_python_project_interpreters(host: &Host, window: &str) -> IdeRe
    host.require_trust(window)?;
    let current = host.project(window).ok().map(|p| p.root.clone());
    let config = host.config_dir.clone();
+    // Probing runs the project's interpreter (and its settings may name any program): only
+    // projects trusted in their own right, not ones last opened in Restricted Mode.
+    let roots: Vec<PathBuf> = ide_workspace::RecentProjects::load(&config)
+        .list()
+        .into_iter()
+        .map(|p| p.path.into_path_buf())
+        .filter(|root| current.as_deref() != Some(root.as_path()))
+        .filter(|root| host.trust.window_trusted(root).unwrap_or(false))
+        .collect();
    tokio::task::spawn_blocking(move || {
-        let roots: Vec<PathBuf> = ide_workspace::RecentProjects::load(&config)
-            .list()
-            .into_iter()
-            .map(|p| p.path.into_path_buf())
-            .filter(|root| current.as_deref() != Some(root.as_path()))
-            .collect();
        // Each project resolves its configured interpreter, else its own virtualenv. The
        // probes run `python`, so keep them off the async runtime and bound how many run at
        // once: the recent list can hold ~30 projects, and each probe starts a process.
@@ -521,6 +524,10 @@ mod tests {
        host.trust.decide(&root, true, false).unwrap();
        host.open_project("main", &root).unwrap();

+        // A project last opened in Restricted Mode: its interpreter is never run.
+        host.trust.decide(&other, false, false).unwrap();
+        assert!(sdk_python_project_interpreters(&host, "main").await.unwrap().is_empty());
+        host.trust.decide(&other, true, false).unwrap();
        let list = sdk_python_project_interpreters(&host, "main").await.unwrap();
        assert_eq!(list.len(), 1, "{list:?}");
        assert_eq!(&*list[0].project, other.as_path());
@@ -4125,6 +4125,11 @@ impl PluginApi {
        if items.len() > 10_000 || file.as_ref().and_then(|f| f.badge.as_ref()).is_some_and(|b| b.chars().count() > 2) {
            return Err(HostError::Invalid("decoration limit exceeded".into()));
        }
+        if let Some(note) = file.as_ref().and_then(|f| f.note.as_ref())
+            && (note.trim().is_empty() || note.chars().count() > 200 || note.contains(['\n', '\r']))
+        {
+            return Err(HostError::Invalid("a file note is one non-empty line of at most 200 characters".into()));
+        }
        items.retain(|d| decoration_style(&d.style));
        if items.iter().any(|d| d.range.start > d.range.end) {
            return Err(HostError::Invalid("reversed decoration range".into()));
@@ -4143,7 +4148,7 @@ impl PluginApi {
                set_id: set.into(),
                tree,
                items,
-                file: file.filter(|f| decoration_style(&f.style)),
+                file: file.filter(|f| f.note.is_some() || decoration_style(&f.style)),
            })
        } else {
            None
@@ -4315,10 +4320,33 @@ mod workbench_tests {
            api.file_decorations(
                Some(&path),
                "tree",
-                Some(ide_plugin::FileDecoration { badge: Some("abc".into()), style: "info".into(), tooltip: None })
+                Some(ide_plugin::FileDecoration {
+                    badge: Some("abc".into()),
+                    style: "info".into(),
+                    tooltip: None,
+                    note: None
+                })
            )
            .is_err()
        );
+        let note = |text: &str| ide_plugin::FileDecoration {
+            badge: None,
+            style: String::new(),
+            tooltip: Some("why".into()),
+            note: Some(text.into()),
+        };
+        api.file_decorations(Some(&path), "notes", Some(note("entry point"))).unwrap();
+        let notes = |api: &PluginApi| {
+            api.shared.decoration_sets()["test"]
+                .iter()
+                .filter(|s| s.tree && s.set_id == "notes")
+                .map(|s| s.file.as_ref().and_then(|f| f.note.clone()))
+                .collect::<Vec<_>>()
+        };
+        assert_eq!(notes(&api), [Some("entry point".to_string())], "kept without a style");
+        for bad in ["", "two\nlines", &"x".repeat(201)] {
+            assert!(api.file_decorations(Some(&path), "notes", Some(note(bad))).is_err(), "{bad:?}");
+        }
        api.shared.clear_plugin("test", true);
        assert!(api.shared.decoration_sets().is_empty());
    }
@@ -112,6 +112,16 @@ async fn reads_unsaved_text_and_searches_the_overlay_with_a_limit() {
    assert_eq!(found["more"], true);
    let all = h.json("search_text", json!({"q":"fresh","limit":20})).await;
    assert_eq!(all["items"][0]["filePath"], "src/a.txt");
+    // The matched line comes with the result (unsaved text included), and lines around it on request.
+    assert_eq!(all["items"][0]["lineText"], "fresh needle text");
+    assert!(all["items"][0].get("contextAfter").is_none());
+    let after = h.json("search_text", json!({"q":"fresh","context":"+1"})).await;
+    assert_eq!(after["items"][0]["contextAfter"], json!(["needle needle"]));
+    let before = h.json("search_regex", json!({"q":"needle needle","context":"-1"})).await;
+    assert_eq!(before["items"][0]["lineText"], "needle needle");
+    assert_eq!(before["items"][0]["contextBefore"], json!(["fresh needle text"]));
+    let bad = h.error("search_text", json!({"q":"fresh","context":"around"})).await;
+    assert!(bad.contains("context must be"), "{bad}");
    let all = h.json("search_text", json!({"q":"needle","limit":20})).await;
    assert!(all["items"].as_array().unwrap().iter().all(|v| !v["filePath"].as_str().unwrap().contains("ignored")));
    let files = h.json("search_file", json!({"q":"*.txt","paths":["src/**"]})).await;
@@ -221,7 +231,11 @@ async fn mutations_preserve_unsaved_text_and_reject_metadata_and_escapes() {
        .iter()
        .rev()
        .find_map(|event| match event {
-            IdeEvent::WorkspaceEditApplied { id, .. } => Some(*id),
+            // Undoable like a refactoring, but marked as the agent's, so it isn't announced as one.
+            IdeEvent::WorkspaceEditApplied { id, by_agent, .. } => {
+                assert!(*by_agent, "an MCP edit is the agent's");
+                Some(*id)
+            }
            _ => None,
        })
        .unwrap();
@@ -453,3 +467,166 @@ async fn brave_mode_runs_tools_without_asking_only_from_the_global_settings() {
    assert!(!format!("{result:?}").contains("denied"), "{result:?}");
    assert!(!h.events.lock().unwrap().iter().any(|e| matches!(e, IdeEvent::McpRequest { .. })), "nothing asked");
 }
+
+#[tokio::test(flavor = "multi_thread")]
+async fn check_files_says_why_a_file_could_not_be_checked() {
+    let h = Harness::new();
+    let untrusted = h.json("check_files", json!({"filePaths": ["src/a.txt"]})).await;
+    assert_eq!(untrusted["files"][0]["status"], "untrusted", "{untrusted}");
+    h.trust().await;
+    let files = h.json("check_files", json!({"filePaths": ["src/a.txt", "src/gone.txt"], "timeout": 5000})).await;
+    assert_eq!(files["files"][0]["filePath"], "src/a.txt");
+    assert_eq!(files["files"][0]["status"], "noLanguageServer", "{files}");
+    assert_eq!(files["files"][0]["problems"], json!([]));
+    assert_eq!(files["files"][1]["status"], "failed", "{files}");
+    assert!(files["files"][1]["error"].is_string());
+    // No cap of the tool's own: a very long timeout is taken as given, without overflowing.
+    let long = h.json("check_files", json!({"filePaths": ["src/a.txt"], "timeout": 9_000_000_000_000_i64})).await;
+    assert_eq!(long["files"][0]["status"], "noLanguageServer", "{long}");
+    let none = h.error("check_files", json!({"filePaths": []})).await;
+    assert!(none.contains("at least one file"), "{none}");
+}
+
+/// Answers `run_command`'s window requests the way the Run tool window does: starts the
+/// agent tab's configuration (shell from the default) and says whether it started. Returns
+/// the configurations it started, for reruns.
+#[cfg(unix)]
+fn run_tool_window(h: &Harness) -> Arc<std::sync::Mutex<Vec<ide_run::RunConfig>>> {
+    let started = Arc::new(std::sync::Mutex::new(Vec::new()));
+    let (host, events, out) = (h.host.clone(), h.events.clone(), started.clone());
+    tokio::spawn(async move {
+        let mut handled = std::collections::HashSet::new();
+        loop {
+            let request = events.lock().unwrap().iter().find_map(|e| match e {
+                IdeEvent::McpRequest {
+                    id,
+                    request: ide_core::event::McpUiRequest::AgentRun { name, command, cwd, env },
+                } if !handled.contains(id) => Some((*id, name.clone(), command.clone(), cwd.clone(), env.clone())),
+                _ => None,
+            });
+            let Some((id, name, command, cwd, env)) = request else {
+                tokio::time::sleep(std::time::Duration::from_millis(10)).await;
+                continue;
+            };
+            handled.insert(id);
+            let mut config = ide_run::RunConfig {
+                id: format!("mcp-agent:{name}"),
+                name: name.clone(),
+                kind: "shell".into(),
+                command,
+                args: Vec::new(),
+                cwd: Some(cwd),
+                env,
+                detected: false,
+                is_test: false,
+                debug_adapter: None,
+                allow_parallel: true,
+                extras: Default::default(),
+            };
+            config.extras.params.insert(ide_host::mcp::AGENT_PARAM.into(), name);
+            config.extras.target = Some(String::new());
+            out.lock().unwrap().push(config.clone());
+            let result = ide_host::ops::run::start(&host, "main", config, Arc::new(|_| {})).await;
+            let error = result.err().map(|e| e.message);
+            let _ = host.mcp_requests.answer("main", id, error.is_none(), error);
+        }
+    });
+    started
+}
+
+#[cfg(unix)]
+fn agent_process(h: &Harness, name: &str) -> ide_core::RunId {
+    let id = format!("mcp-agent:{name}");
+    h.host.processes.list().into_iter().filter(|r| r.config_id == id && r.running).map(|r| r.id).max().unwrap()
+}
+
+#[cfg(unix)]
+#[tokio::test(flavor = "multi_thread")]
+async fn agent_commands_run_in_named_tabs_and_report_what_the_user_did() {
+    let h = Harness::new();
+    h.trust().await;
+    h.host.mcp_requests.set_ready("main", true);
+    h.host
+        .global_settings
+        .set(ide_workspace::SettingsScope::Global, "mcpServer.runWithoutConfirmation", json!(true))
+        .unwrap();
+    let started = run_tool_window(&h);
+
+    // A command that finishes within the wait, in a tab named with the prefix.
+    let done = h.json("run_command", json!({"name": "check", "command": "echo hel''lo; exit 3"})).await;
+    assert_eq!(done["name"], "_agent_check", "{done}");
+    assert_eq!(done["state"], "failed", "{done}");
+    assert_eq!(done["exitCode"], 3);
+    assert_eq!(done["startedBy"], "agent");
+    assert!(done["output"].as_str().unwrap().contains("hello"), "{done}");
+    assert!(done.get("interventions").is_none());
+
+    // The finished name runs the next command; a running one is refused, never stopped.
+    let running =
+        h.json("run_command", json!({"name": "_agent_check", "command": "echo ready; sleep 30", "timeout": 0})).await;
+    assert_eq!(running["state"], "running", "{running}");
+    let matched = h.json("wait_for_run", json!({"name": "check", "pattern": "(?m)^ready", "timeout": 10000})).await;
+    assert_eq!(matched["waitEnded"], "matched", "{matched}");
+    let refused = h.error("run_command", json!({"name": "check", "command": "true"})).await;
+    assert!(refused.contains("still running `echo ready; sleep 30`"), "{refused}");
+    assert!(refused.contains("Last output:\nready"), "the refusal quotes the last output: {refused}");
+
+    // What the user types (a line from the Run console's input) ends a wait at once, with advice for the agent.
+    let process = agent_process(&h, "_agent_check");
+    ide_host::ops::run::stdin(&h.host, process, "yes\n").unwrap();
+    let typed = h.json("wait_for_run", json!({"name": "check", "timeout": 10000})).await;
+    assert_eq!(typed["waitEnded"], "userIntervened", "{typed}");
+    assert_eq!(typed["interventions"][0]["message"], "User input: yes");
+    assert!(typed["advice"].as_str().unwrap().contains("Do not stop the process"));
+    let input = h.json("send_run_input", json!({"name": "check", "text": "abc", "keys": ["Enter"]})).await;
+    assert!(input.get("interventions").is_none(), "the agent's own input is no intervention: {input}");
+
+    let stopped = h.json("stop_run", json!({"name": "check", "force": true, "timeout": 10000})).await;
+    assert_eq!(stopped["state"], "stoppedByAgent", "{stopped}");
+    assert!(stopped.get("interventions").is_none());
+
+    // The user's Stop, rerun and closing the tab are reported with their time.
+    h.json("run_command", json!({"name": "server", "command": "sleep 30", "timeout": 0})).await;
+    ide_host::ops::run::stop(&h.host, "main", agent_process(&h, "_agent_server")).unwrap();
+    let stop = h.json("wait_for_run", json!({"name": "server", "timeout": 10000})).await;
+    assert!(stop["interventions"][0]["message"].as_str().unwrap().starts_with("The user stopped this command at"));
+    let ended = h.json("wait_for_run", json!({"name": "server", "timeout": 10000})).await;
+    assert_eq!(ended["state"], "stoppedByUser", "{ended}");
+
+    let config = started.lock().unwrap().last().cloned().unwrap();
+    ide_host::ops::run::start(&h.host, "main", config, Arc::new(|_| {})).await.unwrap();
+    let status = h.json("get_run_status", json!({"name": "server"})).await;
+    assert_eq!(status["startedBy"], "user", "{status}");
+    assert!(status["interventions"][0]["message"].as_str().unwrap().starts_with("The user reran this command at"));
+    h.json("stop_run", json!({"name": "server", "force": true, "timeout": 10000})).await;
+    h.host.mcp_agent_runs.closed(&h.root, "_agent_server");
+    let closed = h.json("get_run_status", json!({"name": "server"})).await;
+    assert!(closed["tabClosedAt"].is_string(), "{closed}");
+    assert!(closed["interventions"][0]["message"].as_str().unwrap().starts_with("The user closed this tab at"));
+
+    let log = h.json("read_run_output", json!({"name": "check", "maxLinesCount": 20})).await;
+    assert!(log["output"].as_str().unwrap().contains("ready"), "{log}");
+    let from_start = h.json("read_run_output", json!({"name": "check", "offset": 0})).await;
+    assert!(from_start["output"].as_str().unwrap().contains("hello"), "one log across the tab's commands");
+    let runs = h.json("list_runs", json!({})).await;
+    assert_eq!(runs["runs"].as_array().unwrap().len(), 2, "{runs}");
+    let missing = h.error("get_run_status", json!({"name": "nothing"})).await;
+    assert!(missing.contains("no agent tab named `_agent_nothing`"), "{missing}");
+
+    // Pipes: plain lines, cleaned of escapes and cut to maxLinesCount (the end stays by default).
+    let printf = "printf '\\033[31mone\\033[0m\\ntwo\\nthree\\n'";
+    let lines =
+        h.json("run_command", json!({"name": "lines", "command": printf, "maxLinesCount": 2, "timeout": 10000})).await;
+    assert_eq!(lines["output"], "<<<...content truncated...>>>\ntwo\nthree\n", "{lines}");
+    assert_eq!(lines["truncatedLines"], 1);
+    let head = h.json("read_run_output", json!({"name": "lines", "maxLinesCount": 1, "truncateMode": "END"})).await;
+    assert_eq!(head["output"], "one\n<<<...content truncated...>>>\n", "{head}");
+
+    // Ctrl+C stops the command as stop_run does; terminal keys have no meaning on pipes.
+    h.json("run_command", json!({"name": "interrupt", "command": "sleep 30", "timeout": 0})).await;
+    let key = h.error("send_run_input", json!({"name": "interrupt", "keys": ["Up"]})).await;
+    assert!(key.contains("runs on pipes"), "{key}");
+    h.json("send_run_input", json!({"name": "interrupt", "keys": ["Ctrl+C"]})).await;
+    let interrupted = h.json("wait_for_run", json!({"name": "interrupt", "timeout": 10000})).await;
+    assert_eq!(interrupted["state"], "stoppedByAgent", "{interrupted}");
+}
@@ -252,6 +252,77 @@ async fn maven_sync() {
    assert!(!junit.children.is_empty(), "{junit:?}");
 }

+/// The launch classpath must come from the runner JDK, not the JDK that happened
+/// to load the language-server model: JDK-activated profiles can select a
+/// different dependency classifier. Use real Maven so this covers the scenario
+/// rather than only the probe arguments.
+#[test]
+#[ignore = "project smoke: needs Maven and a JDK"]
+fn maven_launch_classpath_uses_the_runner_jdk_classifier() {
+    let tmp = tempfile::tempdir().unwrap();
+    let root = tmp.path();
+    let java_home = PathBuf::from(std::env::var("JAVA_HOME").expect("JAVA_HOME"));
+    let release = std::fs::read_to_string(java_home.join("release")).unwrap();
+    let version = release
+        .lines()
+        .find_map(|line| line.strip_prefix("JAVA_VERSION=\""))
+        .and_then(|line| line.strip_suffix('"'))
+        .expect("JAVA_VERSION in release");
+    let major = version.strip_prefix("1.").unwrap_or(version).split(['.', '_']).next().unwrap().parse::<u32>().unwrap();
+    let jar = java_home.join(if cfg!(windows) { "bin/jar.exe" } else { "bin/jar" });
+    let jars = root.join("libs");
+    let staging = root.join("empty");
+    std::fs::create_dir_all(&jars).unwrap();
+    std::fs::create_dir_all(&staging).unwrap();
+    for name in ["api-jdk8.jar", "api-jdk9.jar"] {
+        let status = std::process::Command::new(&jar)
+            .args(["cf"])
+            .arg(jars.join(name))
+            .arg(".")
+            .current_dir(&staging)
+            .status()
+            .unwrap();
+        assert!(status.success());
+    }
+    std::fs::write(
+        root.join("pom.xml"),
+        r#"<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0">
+          <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
+          <groupId>demo</groupId><artifactId>jdk-classifier</artifactId><version>1</version>
+          <profiles>
+            <profile><id>jdk8</id><activation><jdk>1.8</jdk></activation><dependencies>
+              <dependency><groupId>demo</groupId><artifactId>api</artifactId><version>1</version><classifier>jdk8</classifier>
+                <scope>system</scope><systemPath>${project.basedir}/libs/api-jdk8.jar</systemPath></dependency>
+            </dependencies></profile>
+            <profile><id>jdk9</id><activation><jdk>[9,)</jdk></activation><dependencies>
+              <dependency><groupId>demo</groupId><artifactId>api</artifactId><version>1</version><classifier>jdk9</classifier>
+                <scope>system</scope><systemPath>${project.basedir}/libs/api-jdk9.jar</systemPath></dependency>
+            </dependencies></profile>
+          </profiles>
+        </project>"#,
+    )
+    .unwrap();
+    let cache = root.join("cache");
+    let mut model = ide_build::load(root, &cache, None);
+    for project in &mut model.maven.as_mut().unwrap().projects {
+        project.env.insert("JAVA_HOME".into(), java_home.to_string_lossy().into_owned());
+    }
+    let classpath = ide_build::compile::module_classpath(
+        root,
+        &model,
+        root,
+        false,
+        None,
+        &root.join("classpath-cache"),
+        &ide_core::CancellationToken::new(),
+    )
+    .unwrap();
+    let expected = if major <= 8 { "api-jdk8.jar" } else { "api-jdk9.jar" };
+    let other = if major <= 8 { "api-jdk9.jar" } else { "api-jdk8.jar" };
+    assert!(classpath.contains(expected), "{classpath}");
+    assert!(!classpath.contains(other), "{classpath}");
+}
+
 #[tokio::test(flavor = "multi_thread", worker_threads = 4)]
 #[ignore = "project smoke: needs Gradle and a JDK"]
 async fn gradle_sync() {
@@ -223,6 +223,8 @@ impl ClientHandler {
        if self.server.running_gen(self.generation).is_some_and(|run| !run.caps.read().restriction.diagnostics()) {
            return;
        }
+        let mut params = params;
+        crate::virtual_doc::normalize_uris(&mut params);
        let params: lsp::PublishDiagnosticsParams = match serde_json::from_value(params) {
            Ok(p) => p,
            Err(e) => {
@@ -250,7 +252,14 @@ impl ClientHandler {
        {
            return;
        }
-        let shown = self.server.set_diagnostics(path.clone(), params.diagnostics);
+        // A late answer for an older version of the text is shown, but isn't fresh (`check_files`).
+        let obsolete =
+            params.version.is_some_and(|v| mgr.docs.lock().values().any(|d| d.path == path && d.version > v));
+        let shown = if obsolete {
+            self.server.set_obsolete_diagnostics(path.clone(), params.diagnostics)
+        } else {
+            self.server.set_diagnostics(path.clone(), params.diagnostics)
+        };
        mgr.emit_diagnostics(&self.server, path, shown, self.encoding());
    }

@@ -315,11 +324,13 @@ impl ClientHandler {
    }

    fn apply_edit(&self, mgr: &LspManager, params: Value) -> Result<Value, (i64, String)> {
-        let edit: lsp::WorkspaceEdit = params
-            .get("edit")
-            .cloned()
-            .ok_or_else(|| (codes::INVALID_PARAMS, "missing edit".to_owned()))
-            .and_then(|e| serde_json::from_value(e).map_err(|e| (codes::INVALID_PARAMS, e.to_string())))?;
+        let edit: lsp::WorkspaceEdit =
+            params.get("edit").cloned().ok_or_else(|| (codes::INVALID_PARAMS, "missing edit".to_owned())).and_then(
+                |mut e| {
+                    crate::virtual_doc::normalize_uris(&mut e);
+                    serde_json::from_value(e).map_err(|e| (codes::INVALID_PARAMS, e.to_string()))
+                },
+            )?;
        // Convert before calling the hook: it re-enters document sync.
        let edit = convert::workspace_edit(&mgr.conv(self.encoding()), edit);
        let applied = match mgr.apply_edit_hook() {
@@ -22,6 +22,9 @@ use std::time::{Duration, Instant};
 /// How long Inspect Code waits for a server that is still starting (jdtls,
 /// rust-analyzer on a large workspace).
 const INSPECT_START_WAIT: Duration = Duration::from_secs(60);
+/// Quiet period after a publish before a checked file counts as done (follow-up publishes:
+/// syntax first, semantics later).
+const CHECK_SETTLE: Duration = Duration::from_millis(500);

 #[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug)]
 pub struct InspectOptions {
@@ -48,6 +51,29 @@ pub trait InspectHost: Send + Sync + 'static {
    fn close(&self, doc: DocId);
 }

+/// One language server's part in a [`DocumentCheck`].
+#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
+pub struct CheckedServer {
+    pub name: String,
+    /// Its state when the check ended: not `Ready`/`Busy` means it could not check.
+    pub status: ide_core::event::ServerStatus,
+    /// Why it isn't running (not installed, misconfigured, crashed), as the status bar says.
+    pub message: Option<String>,
+    /// Its diagnostics are in the result.
+    pub checked: bool,
+    /// It was still analysing (or had not published for this change) when the wait ended.
+    pub incomplete: bool,
+    /// Asking it failed.
+    pub error: Option<String>,
+}
+
+/// Fresh diagnostics of a document, with every language server that serves it.
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, Default)]
+pub struct DocumentCheck {
+    pub diagnostics: Vec<Diagnostic>,
+    pub servers: Vec<CheckedServer>,
+}
+
 /// What became of one file.
 #[derive(Clone, Debug)]
 pub enum FileInspection {
@@ -198,6 +224,99 @@ impl LspManager {
        }
    }

+    /// Fresh diagnostics of the open document `doc`, whose text the caller just synced
+    /// (`changed`: at that instant, so diagnostics published before it are stale). Tells the
+    /// servers the document was saved, since checks that run on save (rust-analyzer's
+    /// `cargo check`) don't run for a change made outside the IDE, then waits for each server
+    /// to be ready, to answer for this text and to finish the background work it started, up
+    /// to `timeout`. Every server serving the document is reported, so a caller can tell "no
+    /// problems" from "nothing could check".
+    pub async fn check_document(
+        &self,
+        doc: DocId,
+        changed: Option<Instant>,
+        timeout: Duration,
+        cancel: &CancellationToken,
+    ) -> IdeResult<DocumentCheck> {
+        let snap = self.snapshot(doc)?;
+        // The text may have changed before this call synced it (the file watcher reloaded it):
+        // only diagnostics published after the servers got the current text are fresh.
+        let changed = Some(changed.map_or(snap.changed, |c| c.max(snap.changed)));
+        let deadline = tokio::time::Instant::now() + timeout;
+        let left = || deadline.saturating_duration_since(tokio::time::Instant::now());
+        let ready = tokio::select! {
+            r = futures::future::join_all(snap.servers.iter().map(|s| s.wait_ready(left()))) => r,
+            () = cancel.cancelled() => return Err(IdeError::cancelled()),
+        };
+        // Once the servers have the document: a save sent while one starts would not reach it.
+        self.did_save(doc, snap.text.as_str());
+        let per_server = snap.servers.iter().zip(ready).map(|(server, run)| async {
+            let mut report = CheckedServer {
+                name: server.name.clone(),
+                status: server.status(),
+                message: server.status_message(),
+                checked: false,
+                incomplete: false,
+                error: None,
+            };
+            let Some(run) = run else { return Some((report, Vec::new())) };
+            let t = Target { server: server.clone(), run };
+            if !t.caps().restriction.diagnostics() {
+                return None;
+            }
+            let pull = t.caps().has("diagnosticProvider");
+            let mut since = changed;
+            let raw = loop {
+                // A pull asks for this text; a push server is waited on to publish for it.
+                let raw = if pull {
+                    server.wait_idle(left(), cancel).await;
+                    self.pull_diagnostics(&t, &snap.uri, cancel, left()).await
+                } else {
+                    let opts = InspectOptions { concurrency: 1, timeout: left(), settle: CHECK_SETTLE };
+                    wait_for_publish(server, &snap.path, since, opts, cancel).await
+                };
+                // The save may have started work (a `cargo check`) that publishes when it ends.
+                if raw.is_err() || pull || !server.is_busy() || left().is_zero() {
+                    break raw;
+                }
+                if !server.wait_idle(left(), cancel).await {
+                    break raw.map(|_| server.diagnostics_for(&snap.path));
+                }
+                // Idle: its last publish is final once quiet.
+                since = None;
+            };
+            report.status = server.status();
+            match raw {
+                Ok(items) => {
+                    report.checked = true;
+                    let fresh =
+                        pull || changed.is_none_or(|c| server.last_published(&snap.path).is_some_and(|p| p >= c));
+                    report.incomplete = !fresh || server.is_busy();
+                    let conv = self.conv(t.enc());
+                    let items = items
+                        .into_iter()
+                        .map(|d| convert::diagnostic(&conv, &snap.path, d, &t.server.name))
+                        .collect::<Vec<_>>();
+                    Some((report, items))
+                }
+                Err(e) => {
+                    report.error = Some(e.message);
+                    Some((report, Vec::new()))
+                }
+            }
+        });
+        let results = tokio::select! {
+            r = futures::future::join_all(per_server) => r,
+            () = cancel.cancelled() => return Err(IdeError::cancelled()),
+        };
+        let mut out = DocumentCheck::default();
+        for (report, items) in results.into_iter().flatten() {
+            out.servers.push(report);
+            out.diagnostics.extend(items);
+        }
+        Ok(out)
+    }
+
    async fn pull_diagnostics(
        &self,
        t: &Target,
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ mod vue_navigation;
 mod vue_refs;

 pub use injections::{InjectedRange, InjectionProvider, MAX_INJECTED_DOCUMENT_BYTES};
-pub use inspect::{FileInspection, InspectHost, InspectOptions};
+pub use inspect::{CheckedServer, DocumentCheck, FileInspection, InspectHost, InspectOptions};
 pub use jdtls::jvm_inspect::JdtJvmInspector;
 pub use kotlin_lsp::{KotlinDebugServer, KotlinDebugUnavailable};
 pub use launch::{LaunchError, Launcher, ProcessLauncher};
@@ -120,6 +120,8 @@ struct DocState {
    compose_detected: bool,
    /// The notebook a code cell belongs to: synced through `notebookDocument/*`, not as a file.
    notebook: Option<PathBuf>,
+    /// When the servers last got new text (open or change): diagnostics published before are stale.
+    changed: std::time::Instant,
 }

 impl DocState {
@@ -158,6 +160,8 @@ struct DocSnap {
    language: LanguageId,
    text: Arc<DocText>,
    servers: Vec<Arc<Server>>,
+    /// [`DocState::changed`].
+    changed: std::time::Instant,
 }

 impl DocSnap {
@@ -1170,6 +1174,7 @@ impl LspManager {
            servers: servers.iter().map(|s| Attached { server: s.clone(), opened_gen: None }).collect(),
            compose_detected,
            notebook: None,
+            changed: std::time::Instant::now(),
        };
        let compose_added = {
            let mut docs = self.docs.lock();
@@ -1217,6 +1222,7 @@ impl LspManager {
        let mut docs = self.docs.lock();
        let Some(d) = docs.get_mut(&doc) else { return };
        d.version = version as i32;
+        d.changed = std::time::Instant::now();

        // Servers that have this document open on their current instance.
        let targets: Vec<(Arc<Server>, Running, SyncKind, Encoding)> = d
@@ -1392,6 +1398,7 @@ impl LspManager {
            language: d.language.clone(),
            text: d.text.clone(),
            servers,
+            changed: d.changed,
        })
    }

@@ -1433,13 +1440,9 @@ impl LspManager {
        let params = serde_json::to_value(params).map_err(|e| IdeError::internal(e.to_string()))?;
        let stamp = self.injected_request_stamp(&params);
        let fut = async {
-            if t.server.name == "csharp-ls" {
-                let mut value = t.run.peer.request::<Value, Value>(method, params, cancel.cloned()).await?;
-                virtual_doc::normalize_csharp_uris(&mut value);
-                serde_json::from_value(value).map_err(|e| RpcError::Protocol(format!("{method}: {e}")))
-            } else {
-                t.run.peer.request::<Value, R>(method, params, cancel.cloned()).await
-            }
+            let mut value = t.run.peer.request::<Value, Value>(method, params, cancel.cloned()).await?;
+            virtual_doc::normalize_uris(&mut value);
+            serde_json::from_value(value).map_err(|e| RpcError::Protocol(format!("{method}: {e}")))
        };
        let result = match tokio::time::timeout(timeout, fut).await {
            Ok(r) => r.map_err(|e| rpc_err(&t.server.name, method, e)),
@@ -213,6 +213,7 @@ impl LspManager {
            {
                if d.text.as_str() != cell.source {
                    Arc::make_mut(&mut d.text).set(&cell.source);
+                    d.changed = std::time::Instant::now();
                }
                d.version += 1;
                state.cells.push((cell.id.clone(), doc));
@@ -234,6 +235,7 @@ impl LspManager {
                    servers: state.servers.iter().map(|s| Attached { server: s.clone(), opened_gen: None }).collect(),
                    compose_detected: false,
                    notebook: Some(path.to_owned()),
+                    changed: std::time::Instant::now(),
                },
            );
            state.cells.push((cell.id.clone(), doc));
@@ -259,6 +261,7 @@ impl LspManager {
            }
            Arc::make_mut(&mut d.text).set(&cell.source);
            d.version += 1;
+            d.changed = std::time::Instant::now();
            content.push(json!({
                "document": { "uri": d.uri, "version": d.version },
                "changes": [{ "text": cell.source }],
@@ -658,6 +658,24 @@ impl Server {
        }
    }

+    /// Waits until no `$/progress` task is active, background work included (jdtls' builds,
+    /// rust-analyzer's `cargo check`), unlike [`Server::wait_indexed`]; false on timeout or
+    /// cancellation.
+    pub async fn wait_idle(&self, timeout: Duration, cancel: &CancellationToken) -> bool {
+        let deadline = tokio::time::Instant::now() + timeout;
+        loop {
+            let notified = self.phase_notify.notified();
+            if !self.is_busy() || self.running().is_none() {
+                return !self.is_busy();
+            }
+            tokio::select! {
+                () = notified => {}
+                () = tokio::time::sleep_until(deadline) => return !self.is_busy(),
+                () = cancel.cancelled() => return false,
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
    // ---- transiently opened files ----

    /// Registers a holder of the transient file `path` on instance `generation`;
@@ -752,6 +770,20 @@ impl Server {
        self.combine(path)
    }

+    /// [`Server::set_diagnostics`] for a publication tagged with a document version older than
+    /// the text the server has now: shown, but not an answer for the current text, so
+    /// [`Server::last_published`] keeps its time.
+    pub fn set_obsolete_diagnostics(&self, path: PathBuf, items: Vec<lsp::Diagnostic>) -> Vec<lsp::Diagnostic> {
+        let before = self.last_published(&path);
+        let shown = self.set_diagnostics(path.clone(), items);
+        let mut published = self.published.lock();
+        match before {
+            Some(at) => published.insert(path, at),
+            None => published.remove(&path),
+        };
+        shown
+    }
+
    /// Records a pulled report for `path` (`None` items: unchanged since `result_id`'s
    /// predecessor); returns what the file now shows.
    pub fn set_pulled(
@@ -18,23 +18,36 @@ const URI_ESCAPES: &AsciiSet = &CONTROLS
    .add(b'|')
    .add(b'}');

-/// csharp-ls uses .NET Uri.ToString(), which can leave spaces and Unicode unescaped.
-/// Normalize only document URI fields, before lsp-types' strict URI deserialization.
-pub(crate) fn normalize_csharp_uris(value: &mut serde_json::Value) {
+/// Servers can leave spaces and Unicode unescaped in document URIs: csharp-ls uses .NET
+/// `Uri.ToString()`, and Java servers build some URIs with `java.net.URI.toString()` (which keeps
+/// non-ASCII characters), e.g. jdtls in a refactoring's edit for a project under a Chinese path.
+/// Escape them in document URI fields (and `WorkspaceEdit.changes` keys) before lsp-types' strict
+/// URI deserialization, which otherwise rejects the whole response.
+pub(crate) fn normalize_uris(value: &mut serde_json::Value) {
    match value {
-        serde_json::Value::Array(values) => values.iter_mut().for_each(normalize_csharp_uris),
+        serde_json::Value::Array(values) => values.iter_mut().for_each(normalize_uris),
        serde_json::Value::Object(fields) => {
-            for (key, value) in fields {
+            for (key, value) in fields.iter_mut() {
                // Opaque payloads must survive resolve/execute round trips unchanged.
                if matches!(key.as_str(), "data" | "arguments") {
                    continue;
                }
-                if matches!(key.as_str(), "uri" | "targetUri")
-                    && let Some(uri) = value.as_str().filter(|s| s.starts_with("csharp:"))
+                if matches!(key.as_str(), "uri" | "targetUri" | "oldUri" | "newUri")
+                    && let Some(uri) = value.as_str().and_then(escaped_uri)
                {
-                    *value = utf8_percent_encode(uri, URI_ESCAPES).to_string().into();
+                    *value = uri.into();
+                } else if key == "changes"
+                    && let serde_json::Value::Object(changes) = value
+                {
+                    *changes = std::mem::take(changes)
+                        .into_iter()
+                        .map(|(uri, mut edits)| {
+                            normalize_uris(&mut edits);
+                            (escaped_uri(&uri).unwrap_or(uri), edits)
+                        })
+                        .collect();
                } else {
-                    normalize_csharp_uris(value);
+                    normalize_uris(value);
                }
            }
        }
@@ -42,6 +55,16 @@ pub(crate) fn normalize_csharp_uris(value: &mut serde_json::Value) {
    }
 }

+/// `uri` with the characters a URI can't hold escaped; `None` when nothing changes or it is
+/// not a document URI this applies to (other schemes are passed back to servers as given).
+fn escaped_uri(uri: &str) -> Option<String> {
+    if !(uri.starts_with("file:") || uri.starts_with("csharp:")) {
+        return None;
+    }
+    let escaped = utf8_percent_encode(uri, URI_ESCAPES).to_string();
+    (escaped != uri).then_some(escaped)
+}
+
 #[derive(serde::Deserialize)]
 #[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
 pub(crate) struct CSharpMetadata {
@@ -202,7 +225,7 @@ mod tests {
            { "data": { "uri": uri }, "command": { "arguments": [{ "targetUri": uri }] } }
        ]);
        let original = response.clone();
-        normalize_csharp_uris(&mut response);
+        normalize_uris(&mut response);
        assert_eq!(response[0]["uri"], encoded);
        assert_eq!(response[0]["source"], uri);
        assert_eq!(response[1]["location"]["targetUri"], encoded);
@@ -210,6 +233,31 @@ mod tests {
        assert!(encoded.parse::<lsp_types::Uri>().is_ok());
    }

+    /// #3089: jdtls's Introduce Variable edit for a project under a Chinese path names the file
+    /// with the characters unescaped, and the resolved code action failed to deserialize.
+    #[test]
+    fn file_uris_with_unicode_and_spaces_deserialize_in_workspace_edits() {
+        let uri = "file:///C:/项目/my app/src/A.java";
+        let encoded = "file:///C:/%E9%A1%B9%E7%9B%AE/my%20app/src/A.java";
+        let edit = serde_json::json!([{ "range": { "start": { "line": 0, "character": 0 }, "end": { "line": 0, "character": 0 } }, "newText": "x" }]);
+        let mut action = serde_json::json!({
+            "title": "Extract to local variable",
+            "edit": {
+                "documentChanges": [{ "textDocument": { "uri": uri, "version": 3 }, "edits": edit }],
+                "changes": { (uri): edit },
+            },
+            "data": { "uri": uri },
+        });
+        assert!(serde_json::from_value::<lsp_types::CodeAction>(action.clone()).is_err());
+        normalize_uris(&mut action);
+        let action: lsp_types::CodeAction = serde_json::from_value(action.clone()).unwrap();
+        let edit = action.edit.unwrap();
+        let Some(lsp_types::DocumentChanges::Edits(edits)) = edit.document_changes else { panic!() };
+        assert_eq!(edits[0].text_document.uri.as_str(), encoded);
+        assert_eq!(edit.changes.unwrap().keys().next().unwrap().as_str(), encoded);
+        assert_eq!(action.data.unwrap()["uri"], uri, "opaque data is passed back unchanged");
+    }
+
    #[test]
    fn jdt_titles() {
        assert_eq!(title(JDT, true), "SpringApplication.class");
@@ -2178,6 +2178,76 @@ async fn missing_server_reports_once() {
    assert!(h.mgr.semantic_tokens(doc).await.unwrap().is_none());
 }

+#[tokio::test(flavor = "multi_thread")]
+async fn checking_a_document_saves_it_and_waits_for_fresh_diagnostics() {
+    let h = harness(&[("mock", incremental_caps())]);
+    let s = h.launcher.state("mock");
+    let (doc, path) = h.open("a.mk", "bad\n");
+    h.wait_status("mock", ServerStatus::Ready).await;
+    // The server answers the save with a publish, as an on-save check (`cargo check`) does.
+    let (server, uri) = (s.clone(), uri_of(&path));
+    let publisher = tokio::spawn(async move {
+        eventually(|| !server.notified("textDocument/didSave").is_empty()).await;
+        let diag = json!({ "range": {"start":{"line":0,"character":0},"end":{"line":0,"character":3}},
+                           "severity": 1, "message": "on save" });
+        server.peer().notify("textDocument/publishDiagnostics", json!({ "uri": uri, "diagnostics": [diag] })).unwrap();
+    });
+    let cancel = CancellationToken::new();
+    let changed = Some(std::time::Instant::now());
+    let check = h.mgr.check_document(doc, changed, Duration::from_secs(20), &cancel).await.unwrap();
+    publisher.await.unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(check.diagnostics.iter().map(|d| d.message.as_str()).collect::<Vec<_>>(), ["on save"]);
+    assert!(check.servers[0].checked && !check.servers[0].incomplete, "{:?}", check.servers);
+
+    // A change the server never answered: what it has is reported as not fresh.
+    let changed = Some(std::time::Instant::now());
+    let stale = h.mgr.check_document(doc, changed, Duration::from_millis(800), &cancel).await.unwrap();
+    assert!(stale.servers[0].checked && stale.servers[0].incomplete, "{:?}", stale.servers);
+    assert_eq!(stale.diagnostics.len(), 1);
+
+    // The text changed before the call (the file watcher reloaded it), so the caller saw no
+    // change of its own: the old publication is still not fresh.
+    h.mgr.did_change(doc, 2, &[change(rng(0, 0, 0, 3), "good")], &|| "good\n".to_owned());
+    let reloaded = h.mgr.check_document(doc, None, Duration::from_millis(800), &cancel).await.unwrap();
+    assert!(reloaded.servers[0].incomplete, "{:?}", reloaded.servers);
+
+    // A late publication tagged with the old version is no answer for the current text.
+    s.peer()
+        .notify("textDocument/publishDiagnostics", json!({ "uri": uri_of(&path), "version": 1, "diagnostics": [] }))
+        .unwrap();
+    let late = h.mgr.check_document(doc, None, Duration::from_millis(800), &cancel).await.unwrap();
+    assert!(late.servers[0].incomplete, "{:?}", late.servers);
+    // One for the current version is.
+    s.peer()
+        .notify("textDocument/publishDiagnostics", json!({ "uri": uri_of(&path), "version": 2, "diagnostics": [] }))
+        .unwrap();
+    let fresh = h.mgr.check_document(doc, None, Duration::from_secs(5), &cancel).await.unwrap();
+    assert!(fresh.servers[0].checked && !fresh.servers[0].incomplete, "{:?}", fresh.servers);
+}
+
+#[tokio::test(flavor = "multi_thread")]
+async fn checking_a_document_reports_servers_that_cannot_check() {
+    let cancel = CancellationToken::new();
+    let h = harness(&[("ghost", json!({}))]);
+    h.launcher.state("ghost").missing.store(true, Ordering::SeqCst);
+    let (doc, _) = h.open("a.mk", "x");
+    h.wait_status("ghost", ServerStatus::Missing).await;
+    let check = h.mgr.check_document(doc, None, Duration::from_secs(5), &cancel).await.unwrap();
+    assert!(check.diagnostics.is_empty());
+    let s = &check.servers[0];
+    assert_eq!((s.name.as_str(), s.status, s.checked), ("ghost", ServerStatus::Missing, false));
+    assert_eq!(s.message.as_deref(), Some("install ghost"));
+
+    let h = harness(&[("mock", incremental_caps())]);
+    h.mgr.set_config_hook(Box::new(|cfg, _| cfg.launch_error = Some("needs JDK 21".into())));
+    let (doc, _) = h.open("a.mk", "x");
+    h.wait_status("mock", ServerStatus::Misconfigured).await;
+    let check = h.mgr.check_document(doc, None, Duration::from_secs(5), &cancel).await.unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(check.servers[0].status, ServerStatus::Misconfigured);
+    assert!(check.servers[0].message.as_deref().is_some_and(|m| m.contains("needs JDK 21")), "{:?}", check.servers);
+    assert!(!check.servers[0].checked);
+}
+
 #[tokio::test(flavor = "multi_thread")]
 async fn launch_error_fails_without_starting_the_server() {
    let h = harness(&[("mock", incremental_caps())]);
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 //! `<app-data>/mcp/server.json`: where the running IDE's server listens and
 //! its token, for the stdio bridge. Readable only by the user; removed when
-//! the server stops.
+//! the server stops. `<app-data>/mcp/token` keeps the token across runs when
+//! the user chose a fixed token.

 use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
 use std::io;
@@ -14,6 +15,28 @@ pub fn discovery_path(app_data: &Path) -> PathBuf {
    app_data.join(DISCOVERY_FILE)
 }

+/// The kept token, relative to the app data directory.
+pub const TOKEN_FILE: &str = "mcp/token";
+
+/// The kept token of the IDE whose app data directory is `app_data`.
+pub fn token_path(app_data: &Path) -> PathBuf {
+    app_data.join(TOKEN_FILE)
+}
+
+/// The token kept at `path`; a new one is made and kept there when there is none (or the
+/// file doesn't hold one). Readable only by the user.
+pub fn kept_token(path: &Path) -> io::Result<String> {
+    if let Ok(text) = std::fs::read_to_string(path) {
+        let token = text.trim();
+        if token.len() == 64 && token.bytes().all(|b| b.is_ascii_hexdigit()) {
+            return Ok(token.to_owned());
+        }
+    }
+    let token = crate::server::new_token()?;
+    write_atomic(path, token.as_bytes())?;
+    Ok(token)
+}
+
 #[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
 pub struct Discovery {
    pub port: u16,
@@ -32,15 +55,8 @@ impl Discovery {

    /// Writes the file atomically, readable only by the user.
    pub fn write(&self, path: &Path) -> io::Result<()> {
-        let dir = path.parent().ok_or_else(|| io::Error::other("no parent directory"))?;
-        std::fs::create_dir_all(dir)?;
-        let tmp = path.with_extension(format!("tmp{}", std::process::id()));
        let bytes = serde_json::to_vec_pretty(self).map_err(io::Error::other)?;
-        let written = write_private(&tmp, &bytes).and_then(|()| std::fs::rename(&tmp, path));
-        if written.is_err() {
-            let _ = std::fs::remove_file(&tmp);
-        }
-        written
+        write_atomic(path, &bytes)
    }

    /// Removes the file at `path` if it still describes this process's server.
@@ -51,6 +67,18 @@ impl Discovery {
    }
 }

+/// Writes `bytes` to `path` atomically, readable only by the user.
+fn write_atomic(path: &Path, bytes: &[u8]) -> io::Result<()> {
+    let dir = path.parent().ok_or_else(|| io::Error::other("no parent directory"))?;
+    std::fs::create_dir_all(dir)?;
+    let tmp = path.with_extension(format!("tmp{}", std::process::id()));
+    let written = write_private(&tmp, bytes).and_then(|()| std::fs::rename(&tmp, path));
+    if written.is_err() {
+        let _ = std::fs::remove_file(&tmp);
+    }
+    written
+}
+
 #[cfg(unix)]
 fn write_private(path: &Path, bytes: &[u8]) -> io::Result<()> {
    use std::io::Write;
@@ -91,4 +119,23 @@ mod tests {
        Discovery::remove_if_ours(&path);
        assert!(!path.exists());
    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn keeps_one_token_until_its_file_is_removed() {
+        let tmp = tempfile::tempdir().unwrap();
+        let path = token_path(tmp.path());
+        let first = kept_token(&path).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(first.len(), 64);
+        assert_eq!(kept_token(&path).unwrap(), first, "the same token on the next run");
+        #[cfg(unix)]
+        {
+            use std::os::unix::fs::PermissionsExt;
+            assert_eq!(std::fs::metadata(&path).unwrap().permissions().mode() & 0o777, 0o600);
+        }
+        std::fs::write(&path, "not a token").unwrap();
+        let replaced = kept_token(&path).unwrap();
+        assert_ne!(replaced, first);
+        std::fs::remove_file(&path).unwrap();
+        assert_ne!(kept_token(&path).unwrap(), replaced, "a removed token is made anew");
+    }
 }
@@ -22,8 +22,8 @@ mod protocol;
 mod server;
 pub mod stdio;

-pub use discovery::{DISCOVERY_FILE, Discovery, discovery_path};
-pub use server::McpServer;
+pub use discovery::{DISCOVERY_FILE, Discovery, TOKEN_FILE, discovery_path, kept_token, token_path};
+pub use server::{McpServer, ServerOptions};
 pub use tokio_util::sync::CancellationToken;

 use std::path::{Path, PathBuf};
@@ -3,17 +3,39 @@
 use crate::discovery::Discovery;
 use crate::{CancellationToken, PROJECT_HEADER, ToolRegistry, protocol};
 use bytes::Bytes;
-use http_body_util::{BodyExt, Full, Limited};
-use hyper::body::Incoming;
+use http_body_util::{BodyExt, Either, Full, Limited};
+use hyper::body::{Frame, Incoming};
 use hyper::header::{self, HeaderMap, HeaderValue};
 use hyper::{Method, Request, Response, StatusCode};
+use serde_json::{Value, json};
 use std::convert::Infallible;
 use std::path::{Path, PathBuf};
+use std::pin::Pin;
 use std::sync::Arc;
+use std::task::{Context, Poll};
+use std::time::Duration;
 use tokio::sync::watch;
+use tokio::task::{JoinError, JoinHandle};
+use tokio_util::sync::DropGuard;

 /// Largest request body.
 const MAX_BODY: usize = 8 << 20;
+/// A call still running after this long is answered on an event stream (when the client
+/// takes one), so that it can take as long as it needs: clients give up on a POST whose
+/// response has not started (Claude Code after a minute).
+#[cfg(not(test))]
+const STREAM_AFTER: Duration = Duration::from_secs(1);
+#[cfg(test)]
+const STREAM_AFTER: Duration = Duration::from_millis(100);
+/// How often a streamed call reports that it is still running: progress notifications reset
+/// the client's idle timeout (Claude Code's is five minutes).
+#[cfg(not(test))]
+const HEARTBEAT: Duration = Duration::from_secs(15);
+#[cfg(test)]
+const HEARTBEAT: Duration = Duration::from_millis(100);
+
+type Handled = Result<Option<Value>, Value>;
+type Body = Either<Full<Bytes>, EventStream>;

 struct Shared {
    registry: Arc<dyn ToolRegistry>,
@@ -27,12 +49,25 @@ struct Shared {
 /// removes its discovery file.
 pub struct McpServer {
    port: u16,
+    /// Why the port asked for in [`ServerOptions::port`] was not used.
+    port_unavailable: Option<String>,
    token: String,
    discovery: Option<PathBuf>,
    shutdown: watch::Sender<bool>,
    cancel: CancellationToken,
 }

+/// How [`McpServer::start_with`] listens.
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, Default)]
+pub struct ServerOptions {
+    /// Listen on `127.0.0.1:<port>`. When it can't be bound (in use, or reserved by the
+    /// system), a free port is taken instead and [`McpServer::port_unavailable`] says why.
+    /// `None`: a free port.
+    pub port: Option<u16>,
+    /// The bearer token; `None`: a new one.
+    pub token: Option<String>,
+}
+
 impl McpServer {
    /// Starts listening on `127.0.0.1:<random port>` with a new token, on
    /// `runtime`, and writes the discovery file at `discovery` if given.
@@ -41,10 +76,32 @@ impl McpServer {
        discovery: Option<PathBuf>,
        runtime: &tokio::runtime::Handle,
    ) -> std::io::Result<Self> {
-        let listener = std::net::TcpListener::bind(("127.0.0.1", 0))?;
+        Self::start_with(registry, discovery, runtime, ServerOptions::default())
+    }
+
+    /// [`Self::start`] on the port and with the token of `options`.
+    pub fn start_with(
+        registry: Arc<dyn ToolRegistry>,
+        discovery: Option<PathBuf>,
+        runtime: &tokio::runtime::Handle,
+        options: ServerOptions,
+    ) -> std::io::Result<Self> {
+        let (listener, port_unavailable) = match options.port {
+            Some(port) => match std::net::TcpListener::bind(("127.0.0.1", port)) {
+                Ok(listener) => (listener, None),
+                Err(e) => {
+                    tracing::warn!("MCP server: port {port} unavailable ({e}); taking a free one");
+                    (std::net::TcpListener::bind(("127.0.0.1", 0))?, Some(format!("port {port}: {e}")))
+                }
+            },
+            None => (std::net::TcpListener::bind(("127.0.0.1", 0))?, None),
+        };
        listener.set_nonblocking(true)?;
        let port = listener.local_addr()?.port();
-        let token = new_token()?;
+        let token = match options.token {
+            Some(token) => token,
+            None => new_token()?,
+        };
        let listener = {
            let _entered = runtime.enter();
            tokio::net::TcpListener::from_std(listener)?
@@ -69,13 +126,18 @@ impl McpServer {
        });
        runtime.spawn(accept(listener, shared, stopped));
        tracing::info!("MCP server on 127.0.0.1:{port}");
-        Ok(Self { port, token, discovery, shutdown, cancel })
+        Ok(Self { port, port_unavailable, token, discovery, shutdown, cancel })
    }

    pub fn port(&self) -> u16 {
        self.port
    }

+    /// Why the port of [`ServerOptions::port`] is not the one listened on.
+    pub fn port_unavailable(&self) -> Option<&str> {
+        self.port_unavailable.as_deref()
+    }
+
    /// The bearer token of this run.
    pub fn token(&self) -> &str {
        &self.token
@@ -140,15 +202,11 @@ async fn accept(listener: tokio::net::TcpListener, shared: Arc<Shared>, mut stop
    }
 }

-async fn serve(
-    req: Request<Incoming>,
-    shared: Arc<Shared>,
-    scope: String,
-) -> Result<Response<Full<Bytes>>, Infallible> {
+async fn serve(req: Request<Incoming>, shared: Arc<Shared>, scope: String) -> Result<Response<Body>, Infallible> {
    Ok(respond(req, &shared, scope).await)
 }

-type Reply = Response<Full<Bytes>>;
+type Reply = Response<Body>;

 async fn respond(req: Request<Incoming>, shared: &Arc<Shared>, scope: String) -> Reply {
    if req.uri().path() != "/mcp" {
@@ -163,7 +221,7 @@ async fn respond(req: Request<Incoming>, shared: &Arc<Shared>, scope: String) ->
        return response;
    }
    if req.method() != Method::POST {
-        // No server-sent event streams: every answer is in the POST's response.
+        // No stream of server-initiated messages: every answer is in the POST's response.
        let mut response = plain(StatusCode::METHOD_NOT_ALLOWED, "only POST");
        response.headers_mut().insert(header::ALLOW, HeaderValue::from_static("POST"));
        return response;
@@ -175,25 +233,41 @@ async fn respond(req: Request<Incoming>, shared: &Arc<Shared>, scope: String) ->
    }
    let scope = req.headers().get("mcp-session-id").and_then(|v| v.to_str().ok()).unwrap_or(&scope).to_owned();
    let project = project_of(&req);
+    let streams =
+        req.headers().get_all(header::ACCEPT).iter().any(|v| v.to_str().is_ok_and(|v| v.contains("text/event-stream")));
    let body = match Limited::new(req.into_body(), MAX_BODY).collect().await {
        Ok(body) => body.to_bytes(),
        Err(e) => return plain(StatusCode::PAYLOAD_TOO_LARGE, &format!("request body: {e}")),
    };
-    let initializing = serde_json::from_slice::<serde_json::Value>(&body)
-        .is_ok_and(|m| m.get("method").and_then(|v| v.as_str()) == Some("initialize"));
+    let message = serde_json::from_slice::<Value>(&body).ok();
+    let initializing = message.as_ref().is_some_and(|m| m.get("method").and_then(|v| v.as_str()) == Some("initialize"));
+    let id = message.as_ref().and_then(|m| m.get("id")).cloned().unwrap_or(Value::Null);
+    let progress_token = message.as_ref().and_then(|m| m.pointer("/params/_meta/progressToken")).cloned();
    let response_scope = scope.clone();
    let registry = shared.registry.clone();
    let shared = shared.clone();
    let cancel = shared.cancel.child_token();
-    let _guard = cancel.clone().drop_guard();
-    let handled = tokio::task::spawn_blocking(move || {
+    // Cancels the call when the client goes away (the response is dropped).
+    let guard = cancel.clone().drop_guard();
+    let mut handled = tokio::task::spawn_blocking(move || {
        protocol::handle_body(registry.as_ref(), project.as_deref(), &body, &shared.requests, &scope, cancel)
-    })
-    .await;
+    });
+    if streams && !initializing {
+        match tokio::time::timeout(STREAM_AFTER, &mut handled).await {
+            Ok(done) => return answer(done, false, &response_scope),
+            Err(_) => return event_stream(handled, id, progress_token, guard),
+        }
+    }
+    let done = handled.await;
+    drop(guard);
+    answer(done, initializing, &response_scope)
+}
+
+fn answer(handled: Result<Handled, JoinError>, initializing: bool, scope: &str) -> Reply {
    match handled {
        Ok(Ok(Some(reply))) => {
            let mut response = json(StatusCode::OK, &reply);
-            if initializing && let Ok(value) = HeaderValue::from_str(&response_scope) {
+            if initializing && let Ok(value) = HeaderValue::from_str(scope) {
                response.headers_mut().insert("mcp-session-id", value);
            }
            response
@@ -204,6 +278,71 @@ async fn respond(req: Request<Incoming>, shared: &Arc<Shared>, scope: String) ->
    }
 }

+/// Answers a call that is still running on an event stream: a progress notification every
+/// [`HEARTBEAT`] while it runs (a comment when the client gave no progress token), then its
+/// answer. The call is cancelled as soon as the client goes away.
+fn event_stream(mut handled: JoinHandle<Handled>, id: Value, token: Option<Value>, guard: DropGuard) -> Reply {
+    let (tx, rx) = tokio::sync::mpsc::channel::<Bytes>(4);
+    tokio::spawn(async move {
+        let _guard = guard;
+        let started = tokio::time::Instant::now();
+        let mut beat = tokio::time::interval_at(started + HEARTBEAT, HEARTBEAT);
+        loop {
+            tokio::select! {
+                done = &mut handled => {
+                    let reply = match done {
+                        Ok(Ok(Some(reply)) | Err(reply)) => reply,
+                        Ok(Ok(None)) => return,
+                        Err(e) => protocol::error_response(id, -32603, &format!("the request failed: {e}")),
+                    };
+                    let _ = tx.send(event(&reply)).await;
+                    return;
+                }
+                _ = beat.tick() => {
+                    let elapsed = started.elapsed();
+                    let still_running = match &token {
+                        Some(token) => event(&json!({
+                            "jsonrpc": "2.0",
+                            "method": "notifications/progress",
+                            "params": {
+                                "progressToken": token,
+                                "progress": elapsed.as_secs_f64(),
+                                "message": format!("running for {}s", elapsed.as_secs()),
+                            },
+                        })),
+                        None => Bytes::from_static(b": running\n\n"),
+                    };
+                    if tx.send(still_running).await.is_err() {
+                        return;
+                    }
+                }
+                _ = tx.closed() => return,
+            }
+        }
+    });
+    let mut response = Response::new(Either::Right(EventStream(rx)));
+    response.headers_mut().insert(header::CONTENT_TYPE, HeaderValue::from_static("text/event-stream"));
+    response.headers_mut().insert(header::CACHE_CONTROL, HeaderValue::from_static("no-cache"));
+    response
+}
+
+/// One server-sent event carrying a JSON-RPC message.
+fn event(message: &Value) -> Bytes {
+    Bytes::from(format!("event: message\ndata: {message}\n\n"))
+}
+
+/// A `text/event-stream` body, written by [`event_stream`]'s task.
+pub(crate) struct EventStream(tokio::sync::mpsc::Receiver<Bytes>);
+
+impl hyper::body::Body for EventStream {
+    type Data = Bytes;
+    type Error = Infallible;
+
+    fn poll_frame(self: Pin<&mut Self>, cx: &mut Context<'_>) -> Poll<Option<Result<Frame<Bytes>, Infallible>>> {
+        self.get_mut().0.poll_recv(cx).map(|data| data.map(|data| Ok(Frame::data(data))))
+    }
+}
+
 /// No `Origin` other than this server's own, and a loopback `Host`: a web
 /// page (DNS rebinding) can't reach the tools even before the token check.
 fn local_request(headers: &HeaderMap, port: u16) -> bool {
@@ -242,22 +381,22 @@ fn project_of(req: &Request<Incoming>) -> Option<String> {
    })
 }

-fn plain(status: StatusCode, text: &str) -> Response<Full<Bytes>> {
-    let mut response = Response::new(Full::new(Bytes::from(text.to_owned())));
+fn plain(status: StatusCode, text: &str) -> Reply {
+    let mut response = Response::new(Either::Left(Full::new(Bytes::from(text.to_owned()))));
    *response.status_mut() = status;
    response.headers_mut().insert(header::CONTENT_TYPE, HeaderValue::from_static("text/plain; charset=utf-8"));
    response
 }

-fn json(status: StatusCode, value: &serde_json::Value) -> Response<Full<Bytes>> {
-    let mut response = Response::new(Full::new(Bytes::from(value.to_string())));
+fn json(status: StatusCode, value: &Value) -> Reply {
+    let mut response = Response::new(Either::Left(Full::new(Bytes::from(value.to_string()))));
    *response.status_mut() = status;
    response.headers_mut().insert(header::CONTENT_TYPE, HeaderValue::from_static("application/json"));
    response
 }

-fn empty(status: StatusCode) -> Response<Full<Bytes>> {
-    let mut response = Response::new(Full::new(Bytes::new()));
+fn empty(status: StatusCode) -> Reply {
+    let mut response = Response::new(Either::Left(Full::new(Bytes::new())));
    *response.status_mut() = status;
    response
 }
@@ -265,6 +404,134 @@ fn empty(status: StatusCode) -> Response<Full<Bytes>> {
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests {
    use super::*;
+    use std::sync::atomic::{AtomicBool, Ordering};
+    use tokio::io::{AsyncReadExt, AsyncWriteExt};
+
+    /// `slow` sleeps `ms` milliseconds; `wait` runs until it is cancelled, which it records.
+    struct Slow(Arc<AtomicBool>);
+
+    impl ToolRegistry for Slow {
+        fn projects(&self) -> Vec<PathBuf> {
+            vec![PathBuf::from("/project")]
+        }
+        fn tools(&self, _: &Path) -> Result<Vec<crate::Tool>, String> {
+            Ok(Vec::new())
+        }
+        fn call(
+            &self,
+            _: &Path,
+            name: &str,
+            arguments: &str,
+            cancel: CancellationToken,
+        ) -> Result<String, crate::ToolCallError> {
+            if name == "wait" {
+                while !cancel.is_cancelled() {
+                    std::thread::sleep(Duration::from_millis(10));
+                }
+                self.0.store(true, Ordering::SeqCst);
+                return Err(crate::ToolCallError::Failed("cancelled".into()));
+            }
+            let ms = serde_json::from_str::<Value>(arguments).unwrap()["ms"].as_u64().unwrap();
+            std::thread::sleep(Duration::from_millis(ms));
+            Ok("done".into())
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn start() -> (McpServer, Arc<AtomicBool>) {
+        let cancelled = Arc::new(AtomicBool::new(false));
+        let registry = Arc::new(Slow(cancelled.clone()));
+        (McpServer::start(registry, None, &tokio::runtime::Handle::current()).unwrap(), cancelled)
+    }
+
+    fn call(name: &str, ms: u64, token: Option<&str>) -> Value {
+        let mut params = json!({ "name": name, "arguments": { "ms": ms } });
+        if let Some(token) = token {
+            params["_meta"] = json!({ "progressToken": token });
+        }
+        json!({ "jsonrpc": "2.0", "id": 3, "method": "tools/call", "params": params })
+    }
+
+    async fn send(server: &McpServer, accept: &str, body: &Value) -> tokio::net::TcpStream {
+        let body = body.to_string();
+        let port = server.port();
+        let mut stream = tokio::net::TcpStream::connect(("127.0.0.1", port)).await.unwrap();
+        let request = format!(
+            "POST /mcp HTTP/1.1\r\nHost: 127.0.0.1:{port}\r\nAuthorization: Bearer {}\r\nContent-Type: application/json\r\nAccept: {accept}\r\nContent-Length: {}\r\nConnection: close\r\n\r\n{body}",
+            server.token(),
+            body.len()
+        );
+        stream.write_all(request.as_bytes()).await.unwrap();
+        stream
+    }
+
+    /// The whole response, lowercased headers and the body as sent (chunked or not).
+    async fn exchange(server: &McpServer, accept: &str, body: &Value) -> (String, String) {
+        let mut out = String::new();
+        send(server, accept, body).await.read_to_string(&mut out).await.unwrap();
+        let (head, body) = out.split_once("\r\n\r\n").unwrap();
+        (head.to_ascii_lowercase(), body.to_owned())
+    }
+
+    fn events(body: &str) -> Vec<Value> {
+        body.lines().filter_map(|l| l.strip_prefix("data: ")).map(|d| serde_json::from_str(d).unwrap()).collect()
+    }
+
+    const BOTH: &str = "application/json, text/event-stream";
+
+    #[tokio::test(flavor = "multi_thread")]
+    async fn long_calls_are_answered_on_an_event_stream_that_reports_progress() {
+        let (server, _) = start();
+
+        let (head, body) = exchange(&server, BOTH, &call("slow", 0, Some("p"))).await;
+        assert!(head.contains("content-type: application/json"), "{head}");
+        assert_eq!(serde_json::from_str::<Value>(&body).unwrap()["result"]["content"][0]["text"], "done");
+
+        let (head, body) = exchange(&server, BOTH, &call("slow", 450, Some("p"))).await;
+        assert!(head.contains("content-type: text/event-stream"), "{head}");
+        let messages = events(&body);
+        let (answer, progress) = messages.split_last().unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(answer["id"], 3);
+        assert_eq!(answer["result"]["content"][0]["text"], "done");
+        assert!(progress.len() >= 2, "{body}");
+        for pair in progress.windows(2) {
+            assert!(pair[0]["params"]["progress"].as_f64() < pair[1]["params"]["progress"].as_f64(), "{body}");
+        }
+        for p in progress {
+            assert_eq!((&p["method"], &p["params"]["progressToken"]), (&json!("notifications/progress"), &json!("p")));
+        }
+
+        // Without a progress token, comments keep the stream going.
+        let (_, body) = exchange(&server, BOTH, &call("slow", 300, None)).await;
+        assert!(body.contains(": running"), "{body}");
+        assert_eq!(events(&body).len(), 1, "{body}");
+
+        // A client that takes only JSON waits for it.
+        let (head, body) = exchange(&server, "application/json", &call("slow", 300, Some("p"))).await;
+        assert!(head.contains("content-type: application/json"), "{head}");
+        assert_eq!(serde_json::from_str::<Value>(&body).unwrap()["id"], 3);
+    }
+
+    #[tokio::test(flavor = "multi_thread")]
+    async fn a_streamed_call_is_cancelled_when_the_client_goes_away() {
+        let (server, cancelled) = start();
+        let mut stream = send(&server, BOTH, &call("wait", 0, Some("p"))).await;
+        let mut head = Vec::new();
+        while !String::from_utf8_lossy(&head).contains("\r\n\r\n") {
+            let mut buf = [0u8; 1024];
+            let n = stream.read(&mut buf).await.unwrap();
+            assert!(n > 0, "the stream ended early");
+            head.extend_from_slice(&buf[..n]);
+        }
+        assert!(String::from_utf8_lossy(&head).to_ascii_lowercase().contains("text/event-stream"));
+        drop(stream);
+        tokio::time::timeout(Duration::from_secs(10), async {
+            while !cancelled.load(Ordering::SeqCst) {
+                tokio::time::sleep(Duration::from_millis(20)).await;
+            }
+        })
+        .await
+        .expect("the call was cancelled");
+    }

    #[test]
    fn only_loopback_hosts_and_origins_of_this_server_pass() {
@@ -35,7 +35,8 @@ pub fn run(discovery: &Path, project: Option<PathBuf>) -> i32 {
 }

 /// Relays each line of `input` (a JSON-RPC message or batch) to the IDE and
-/// writes its answer, if any, as one line to `output`.
+/// writes what it answers, if anything, one message per line to `output`: the
+/// answer, and before it the progress notifications of a long call.
 pub async fn bridge<R, W>(discovery: &Path, project: &Path, input: R, mut output: W) -> std::io::Result<()>
 where
    R: AsyncBufRead + Unpin,
@@ -44,23 +45,37 @@ where
    let scope = crate::server::new_token()?;
    let mut lines = input.lines();
    let mut pending = tokio::task::JoinSet::new();
+    let (sent, mut received) = tokio::sync::mpsc::unbounded_channel::<Value>();
    let mut eof = false;
    loop {
+        if eof && pending.is_empty() && received.is_empty() {
+            break;
+        }
        let reply = tokio::select! {
            line = lines.next_line(), if !eof => {
                let Some(line) = line? else { eof = true; continue };
                if line.trim().is_empty() { continue; }
                match serde_json::from_str::<Value>(&line) {
                    Ok(message) => {
-                        let (discovery, project, scope) = (discovery.to_owned(), project.to_owned(), scope.clone());
-                        pending.spawn(async move { relay(&discovery, &project, &message, &scope).await });
+                        let (discovery, project, scope, sent) =
+                            (discovery.to_owned(), project.to_owned(), scope.clone(), sent.clone());
+                        pending.spawn(async move {
+                            if let Some(reply) = relay(&discovery, &project, &message, &scope, &sent).await {
+                                let _ = sent.send(reply);
+                            }
+                        });
                        continue;
                    }
                    Err(e) => Some(error_response(Value::Null, -32700, &format!("not JSON: {e}"))),
                }
            }
-            reply = pending.join_next(), if !pending.is_empty() => match reply { Some(reply) => reply.map_err(std::io::Error::other)?, None => None },
-            else => break,
+            Some(message) = received.recv() => Some(message),
+            done = pending.join_next(), if !pending.is_empty() => {
+                if let Some(Err(e)) = done {
+                    return Err(std::io::Error::other(e));
+                }
+                continue;
+            }
        };
        if let Some(reply) = reply {
            output.write_all(reply.to_string().as_bytes()).await?;
@@ -72,15 +87,24 @@ where
 }

 /// The IDE's answer to `message`, or an error response for each request in
-/// it when the IDE can't be reached.
-async fn relay(discovery: &Path, project: &Path, message: &Value, scope: &str) -> Option<Value> {
-    let failure = match post(discovery, project, message, scope).await {
-        Ok((StatusCode::ACCEPTED, _)) => return None,
-        Ok((_, body)) if !body.is_empty() => match serde_json::from_slice::<Value>(&body) {
+/// it when the IDE can't be reached. An answer on an event stream goes to `sent`
+/// with the messages before it.
+async fn relay(
+    discovery: &Path,
+    project: &Path,
+    message: &Value,
+    scope: &str,
+    sent: &tokio::sync::mpsc::UnboundedSender<Value>,
+) -> Option<Value> {
+    let failure = match post(discovery, project, message, scope, sent).await {
+        Ok(Answer::Streamed { answered: true }) => return None,
+        Ok(Answer::Streamed { answered: false }) => "OpenIDEA's answer ended early".to_owned(),
+        Ok(Answer::Body(StatusCode::ACCEPTED, _)) => return None,
+        Ok(Answer::Body(_, body)) if !body.is_empty() => match serde_json::from_slice::<Value>(&body) {
            Ok(reply) => return Some(reply),
            Err(_) => String::from_utf8_lossy(&body).trim().to_owned(),
        },
-        Ok((status, _)) => format!("OpenIDEA answered {status}"),
+        Ok(Answer::Body(status, _)) => format!("OpenIDEA answered {status}"),
        Err(e) => e,
    };
    let errors: Vec<Value> = requests(message).into_iter().map(|id| error_response(id, NOT_OPEN, &failure)).collect();
@@ -100,9 +124,23 @@ fn requests(message: &Value) -> Vec<Value> {
    }
 }

+enum Answer {
+    Body(StatusCode, Bytes),
+    /// The messages of an event stream went to the channel; `answered`: one was a response.
+    Streamed {
+        answered: bool,
+    },
+}
+
 /// POSTs `message` to the server in the discovery file; a message for the
 /// user when that fails.
-async fn post(discovery: &Path, project: &Path, message: &Value, scope: &str) -> Result<(StatusCode, Bytes), String> {
+async fn post(
+    discovery: &Path,
+    project: &Path,
+    message: &Value,
+    scope: &str,
+    sent: &tokio::sync::mpsc::UnboundedSender<Value>,
+) -> Result<Answer, String> {
    let not_running = || {
        format!(
            "OpenIDEA's MCP server is not running. Start OpenIDEA, open {} in it, and turn on Settings › Agents › MCP Server",
@@ -125,6 +163,60 @@ async fn post(discovery: &Path, project: &Path, message: &Value, scope: &str) ->
        .map_err(|e| e.to_string())?;
    let response = sender.send_request(request).await.map_err(|e| format!("cannot reach OpenIDEA: {e}"))?;
    let status = response.status();
-    let body = response.into_body().collect().await.map_err(|e| format!("OpenIDEA's answer: {e}"))?.to_bytes();
-    Ok((status, body))
+    let streamed = response
+        .headers()
+        .get(header::CONTENT_TYPE)
+        .is_some_and(|v| v.to_str().is_ok_and(|v| v.starts_with("text/event-stream")));
+    let mut body = response.into_body();
+    if !streamed {
+        let body = body.collect().await.map_err(|e| format!("OpenIDEA's answer: {e}"))?.to_bytes();
+        return Ok(Answer::Body(status, body));
+    }
+    let (mut buffer, mut answered) = (Vec::new(), false);
+    while let Some(frame) = body.frame().await {
+        let frame = frame.map_err(|e| format!("OpenIDEA's answer: {e}"))?;
+        let Ok(data) = frame.into_data() else { continue };
+        buffer.extend_from_slice(&data);
+        for data in take_events(&mut buffer) {
+            if let Ok(message) = serde_json::from_str::<Value>(&data) {
+                answered |= message.get("method").is_none();
+                let _ = sent.send(message);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    Ok(Answer::Streamed { answered })
+}
+
+/// The `data` of each complete server-sent event at the start of `buffer`, which keeps
+/// the rest. Comments and other fields are skipped.
+fn take_events(buffer: &mut Vec<u8>) -> Vec<String> {
+    let mut events = Vec::new();
+    while let Some(end) = buffer.windows(2).position(|w| w == b"\n\n") {
+        let block: Vec<u8> = buffer.drain(..end + 2).collect();
+        let block = String::from_utf8_lossy(&block).replace("\r\n", "\n");
+        let data: Vec<&str> = block
+            .lines()
+            .filter_map(|line| line.strip_prefix("data:"))
+            .map(|d| d.strip_prefix(' ').unwrap_or(d))
+            .collect();
+        if !data.is_empty() {
+            events.push(data.join("\n"));
+        }
+    }
+    events
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::take_events;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn events_are_taken_whole_and_comments_skipped() {
+        let mut buffer = b": running\n\nevent: message\ndata: {\"a\":1}\n\nevent: message\ndata: {\"b\"".to_vec();
+        assert_eq!(take_events(&mut buffer), ["{\"a\":1}"]);
+        assert_eq!(buffer, b"event: message\ndata: {\"b\"");
+        buffer.extend_from_slice(b":2}\n\n");
+        assert_eq!(take_events(&mut buffer), ["{\"b\":2}"]);
+        assert!(buffer.is_empty());
+    }
 }
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 //! The server over real HTTP, and the stdio bridge in front of it, with a
 //! registry standing in for the IDE host.

-use ide_mcp::{Discovery, McpServer, Tool, ToolCallError, ToolRegistry, discovery_path, stdio};
+use ide_mcp::{Discovery, McpServer, ServerOptions, Tool, ToolCallError, ToolRegistry, discovery_path, stdio};
 use serde_json::{Value, json};
 use std::path::{Path, PathBuf};
 use std::sync::Arc;
@@ -39,6 +39,10 @@ impl ToolRegistry for Registry {
        match name {
            "echo" if args["text"] == "fail" => Err(ToolCallError::Failed("it failed".into())),
            "echo" => Ok(format!("{} in {}", args["text"].as_str().unwrap_or(""), project.display())),
+            "sleep" => {
+                std::thread::sleep(std::time::Duration::from_millis(args["ms"].as_u64().unwrap()));
+                Ok("slept".into())
+            }
            _ => Err(ToolCallError::UnknownTool(format!("no tool {name:?}"))),
        }
    }
@@ -252,6 +256,20 @@ async fn the_stdio_bridge_relays_lines_and_explains_a_missing_ide() {
    assert!(reply["error"]["message"].as_str().unwrap().contains("MCP server is not running"), "{reply}");
 }

+#[tokio::test(flavor = "multi_thread")]
+async fn the_stdio_bridge_relays_a_long_call_answered_on_an_event_stream() {
+    let s = setup();
+    let call = json!({ "jsonrpc": "2.0", "id": 4, "method": "tools/call",
+        "params": { "name": "sleep", "arguments": { "ms": 1500 }, "_meta": { "progressToken": 4 } } });
+    let mut output = Vec::new();
+    stdio::bridge(&s.discovery, &s.project, format!("{call}\n").as_bytes(), &mut output).await.unwrap();
+    let replies: Vec<Value> =
+        String::from_utf8(output).unwrap().lines().map(|l| serde_json::from_str(l).unwrap()).collect();
+    let answer = replies.last().unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(answer["id"], 4, "{replies:?}");
+    assert_eq!(answer["result"]["content"][0]["text"], "slept");
+}
+
 #[tokio::test(flavor = "multi_thread")]
 async fn routing_an_argument_overrides_the_header_and_ambiguity_lists_projects() {
    struct Many(Vec<PathBuf>);
@@ -348,3 +366,30 @@ async fn a_cancellation_that_arrives_before_the_call_is_remembered() {
    let (_, body) = post(&s, "/mcp", &headers, &call).await;
    assert_eq!(serde_json::from_str::<Value>(&body).unwrap()["result"]["isError"], true);
 }
+
+#[tokio::test(flavor = "multi_thread")]
+async fn a_fixed_port_and_token_are_used_and_a_taken_port_falls_back_to_a_free_one() {
+    let mut s = setup();
+    s.server.take().unwrap().stop();
+    let free = std::net::TcpListener::bind(("127.0.0.1", 0)).unwrap().local_addr().unwrap().port();
+    let token = "ab".repeat(32);
+    let options = ServerOptions { port: Some(free), token: Some(token.clone()) };
+    let registry = Arc::new(Registry { project: s.project.clone() });
+    let runtime = tokio::runtime::Handle::current();
+    s.server =
+        Some(McpServer::start_with(registry.clone(), Some(s.discovery.clone()), &runtime, options.clone()).unwrap());
+    assert_eq!((s.server().port(), s.server().token()), (free, token.as_str()));
+    assert!(s.server().port_unavailable().is_none());
+    assert_eq!(Discovery::read(&s.discovery).unwrap().port, free);
+    let list = rpc(&s, "tools/list", json!({})).await;
+    assert_eq!(list["result"]["tools"][0]["name"], "echo");
+
+    // The port is taken (by the first server): a second one listens elsewhere and says why.
+    let second = McpServer::start_with(registry, None, &runtime, options).unwrap();
+    assert_ne!(second.port(), free);
+    assert!(
+        second.port_unavailable().is_some_and(|why| why.contains(&free.to_string())),
+        "{:?}",
+        second.port_unavailable()
+    );
+}
@@ -922,6 +922,9 @@ pub struct FileDecoration {
    pub badge: Option<String>,
    pub style: String,
    pub tooltip: Option<String>,
+    /// Text shown after the name (API 1.7 `set-file-note`).
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub note: Option<String>,
 }
 /// Commit metadata, date in Unix seconds.
 #[derive(Clone, Debug, Serialize, Deserialize, Type)]
@@ -2497,7 +2497,7 @@ impl bindings::openidea::plugin::decorations::Host for StoreData {
            .file_decorations(
                Some(&real),
                &set_id,
-                Some(crate::FileDecoration { badge: item.badge, style: item.style, tooltip: item.tooltip }),
+                Some(crate::FileDecoration { badge: item.badge, style: item.style, tooltip: item.tooltip, note: None }),
            )
            .map_err(to_wit))
    }
@@ -2507,6 +2507,17 @@ impl bindings::openidea::plugin::decorations::Host for StoreData {
        }
        Ok(self.host.file_decorations(None, &set_id, None).map_err(to_wit))
    }
+    fn set_file_note(&mut self, path: String, set_id: String, note: String, tooltip: Option<String>) -> Fallible<()> {
+        if let Err(e) = self.require(Capability::ProjectRead) {
+            return Ok(Err(e));
+        }
+        let real = match self.decoration_path(&path) {
+            Ok(real) => real,
+            Err(e) => return Ok(Err(e)),
+        };
+        let item = crate::FileDecoration { badge: None, style: String::new(), tooltip, note: Some(note) };
+        Ok(self.host.file_decorations(Some(&real), &set_id, Some(item)).map_err(to_wit))
+    }
 }

 pub(crate) mod language_features_bindings {
@@ -1 +1 @@
-3c7f35facd15ee8380ccb6475b7c051d500e38346b711e1805077becd0c75f75
+d6c855f1f91aeb02eec5d6c8a07be4eb64bae0704619f44cb67f3b832daf01ee
@@ -1 +1 @@
-3879822d975695c6258e95286b0e64c5ee1e3265876501efaf0e577b38f8222b
+51d00702c42c7167083caea70cf2df022e512bcaf89af8addf526421ff45a15f
@@ -1 +1 @@
-228ae888bf556ce5cedc7843eb20e92f221d9e1f640f3c6c595bed3fd6be6051
+40d2fd76ba96b0c93ea0a034c6749709ddc00fc119046e653a50b180a9c4718d
@@ -1 +1 @@
-41de239b6f723020b38eb2b67f642b7c88cc88c79117c3072ba122633afc418c
+08822287f3649412340f9dbbe2f0ea5a5cd2f543a3c242c5d0a29c422c4c5367
@@ -1 +1 @@
-78c5ed3c756498c7619b46c3622ae7a59461c61c747b45caecd79b341ee654de
+43eba23cc14cf3c74bfc934099cd58df20f07ee5df96cc10100b90016c544a7a
@@ -1 +1 @@
-ee848321e53cb181536e6158570dbb4ab02a6fd2a1a064b068803ac7da7f3448
+520d9a95328dc772bbb913a2e5e22af8243c95ca45744cbb65b25747653d2a34
@@ -1 +1 @@
-b587de945875a98f1d4ca20fab7cf94fb4dc6d848136aa19ab0e0e5319155a80
+acd3d0ee3f886c6a271ce3139200ce5bdb46e40f9c68e495c5ff9b4db98a88ac
@@ -1 +1 @@
-1c8776dcae35d2d49dd6c1e32b0cdd354de1eb0f72a473245a2c47368b89ec30
+0cf3bc2197f0bd5339fe3c2199bd973e68b3637b8c5ae07902e62659160275e3
@@ -1 +1 @@
-2a517cbffd6d3cdda37117d8ca8815978a09995923fc3d5aa5af7020afdac56a
+17f837c8d6f58800728e00060afe68b2a093085d816d809c9e67065fdd165352
@@ -1 +1 @@
-dbd912b1f8488ecd446af07b5dcaef55d44bce57c1a55be5c0b0fb33e2697903
+2cca80220fab6764a8e1f51db8ed2f55b603000c8d0dbf5913a441876b7857ba
@@ -1 +1 @@
-efdc84cd2bedb3989b03d19b569d09958f26e502db65db4dd786eb3438a7c407
+54211437002ad83a9d3d642f2dca5f37cadd89d7d77ddc7de545db87b99fb8b7
@@ -1 +1 @@
-be6bc15ee42a5e21781ba54f548007351a46b669882ee4491da20ff556927a06
+4326d9cdefe71f4bb9aab043ccef883abbd13145b1579352b97c66889f514c68
@@ -1 +1 @@
-e5c3a3beda750dff27d7b823676d53f15b7c76b8ad539594cd913bd178d750da
+2469023f4f29b9abdaa27c9d96774229c4dd002366421dc508926c3fed1fba1b
@@ -1 +1 @@
-322de3299f0413101c02358836e7df7e06e58cbb22c11897664564abbb8af090
+233461ab52a12e27fa600e108e83cab1b930b3e61812e0c048c99c1e18c6d646
@@ -1 +1 @@
-d768ff6a4a466cc6f1d72499df3ccb4ae76872436b8eddff27f62aa156331a37
+bfc654523da608bbc008ea6a15a0cfd0b129ffab70088bf6b610786b63b5352e
@@ -1 +1 @@
-57aea107b2c10e4d30fa3785ac4c6566f1b40908a18a3859aca8be047fac9518
+c8536be072d27aa89f5e92b5b96e38ed65b7f06c35c05ecbd4a151218203c5f7
@@ -1 +1 @@
-c98bcc89750e26e738d7115a7c0454fde25367a0a23bdc2ff95fb5a5dacc9f98
+7c0c1f5035e12c794d48cb75a8fc259d11dd99ba3188030fe1d9956720ee6ad5
@@ -1 +1 @@
-a4c23b93a14eda705cb18c88bbc2373d1ef3f96031ff2df21b8b092b50633996
+3cf5fd6ab0ce909b806230e20a7fa46264f85937018cfa68865ec0eeb92d4b72
@@ -1 +1 @@
-aec002b3dd310068e69a6ae67a49d30655bf8baea9153a110a407e9d408e6880
+d349977fd3cbfba92d1d953ac09f65dae5b83b7070723b59553d791c638acf81
@@ -1 +1 @@
-08ece563c3b55c2b86e68fbb0815ddcbb63beb6f1f6c32b8dbdbee558a4a66c1
+e796039ae2f8e534ffc8c2ed2e47e910aaf593c464525287699cf1daf3e195ef
@@ -1 +1 @@
-450845edf234a1cc78cd6cfc0b812a89f3a2e41484689cc1e1b05be66873d4eb
+5e084fa409bb0641409110d91f203a6f99b451b95cd8067bd1ee68140bf8a892
@@ -1 +1 @@
-61b735de5ef61dcd0ea8e640c2ad004e84a63fe4dfd7872ffb5e04d6d81dc9a9
+521557c1a062a9b82afa14547bc54b57255cdbed3b2ab4b1b86424dfb8accbdc
@@ -1 +1 @@
-36776367782eaa4b8b8121f4a665dd8e68525a4836bff1c92bc16770cce14929
+5280990269e944aef81ec91b356fadf4aa2fc7e7bb10e4b6842e1dc1c669704a
@@ -1 +1 @@
-f6311d232a99356b02a398b2ce3db0865c425f435a8d201157719178ba2b97c7
+ff1391d3c9338b6270fef8af7d7c4a5bc595c391997c220a3a827b4b8a068de8
@@ -1 +1 @@
-fe1d26665e3c816ed43fc720acabad03a37b7924bccd4dd8c357fd156947b3c7
+b78ac0b6fa14401a6379f3e6d07d1398a63d70e882930b3747ec843c0fdb5de7
@@ -1 +1 @@
-76bab8e48235f9f066f5b9bbfdd9398916b6c3ed73c072c543d80595130519f7
+55331477c1d5322b0dc35d13fc7f8223bf697f5f21328d340f75519dd1098727
@@ -1 +1 @@
-f9ed2eac306229f76b05d0c4a4fb2f0ed8d81a1dfc5eb50d044bbe10c9206a5f
+0ae6b7edd0d7cd5025ead4a4afacf0fbe3ebc9548d847f94be0e63585a19747e
@@ -1 +1 @@
-f2d83d9f56da072d38a1552195af8a9d4edc11888c645627d5dd1e4a46afc4df
+5d909d6ab2e73fabba2d213a944546ef7e425552852cf7f74e00eb94c9d167ac
@@ -498,7 +498,8 @@ impl ProcessManager {
                    None,
                )?;
            }
-            spawn_pump(rx, on_output.clone(), entry.clone(), sink, options.encoding.clone(), notice)?;
+            let decoder = || OutputDecoder::for_pipes(options.encoding.as_deref());
+            spawn_pump(rx, on_output.clone(), entry.clone(), sink, [decoder(), decoder()], notice)?;
            Ok(())
        })();
        if let Err(e) = result {
@@ -629,7 +630,10 @@ impl ProcessManager {
            #[cfg(unix)]
            Some(Box::new(wait_readable)),
        )
-        .and_then(|_| spawn_pump(rx, on_output, entry.clone(), sink, options.encoding.clone(), None));
+        .and_then(|_| {
+            let decoder = || OutputDecoder::for_label(options.encoding.as_deref());
+            spawn_pump(rx, on_output, entry.clone(), sink, [decoder(), decoder()], None)
+        });
        if let Err(e) = result {
            let _ = child.kill();
            let _ = child.wait();
@@ -1120,18 +1124,35 @@ fn chunk(stream: Stream, text: String) -> OutputChunk {
    }
 }

+/// Appends what `decode` writes to `pending`, through the notice filter when there is one.
+fn emit(
+    decode: impl FnOnce(&mut String),
+    notice: &mut Option<ide_core::output_encoding::NoticeFilter>,
+    decoded: &mut String,
+    pending: &mut String,
+) {
+    match notice {
+        Some(filter) => {
+            decode(decoded);
+            filter.filter(decoded, pending);
+            decoded.clear();
+        }
+        None => decode(pending),
+    }
+}
+
 /// Merges both streams in arrival order, batching consecutive output of the same stream.
+/// `decoders` decode stdout and stderr.
 fn spawn_pump(
    rx: mpsc::Receiver<Msg>,
    on_output: OutputFn,
    entry: Arc<Entry>,
    sink: SharedSink,
-    encoding: Option<String>,
+    decoders: [OutputDecoder; 2],
    notice: Option<String>,
 ) -> std::io::Result<()> {
    std::thread::Builder::new().name(format!("openidea-run-pump-{}", entry.id.0)).spawn(move || {
-        let mut out_dec = OutputDecoder::for_label(encoding.as_deref());
-        let mut err_dec = OutputDecoder::for_label(encoding.as_deref());
+        let [mut out_dec, mut err_dec] = decoders;
        // "Picked up JAVA_TOOL_OPTIONS: …" from every JVM given the console encoding, on
        // either stream (`spring-boot:run` copies its fork's stderr to Maven's stdout).
        let filter = || notice.clone().map(ide_core::output_encoding::NoticeFilter::new);
@@ -1140,6 +1161,8 @@ fn spawn_pump(
        let mut pending = String::new();
        let mut pending_stream = Stream::Stdout;
        let mut batch_started: Option<Instant> = None;
+        // Since when a decoder holds part of a line back to tell its encoding.
+        let mut held_since: Option<Instant> = None;
        let mut status: Option<Exit> = None;
        let mut drain_deadline: Option<Instant> = None;

@@ -1154,6 +1177,7 @@ fn spawn_pump(
            let now = Instant::now();
            let wait = [
                batch_started.map(|t| (t + BATCH_INTERVAL).saturating_duration_since(now)),
+                held_since.map(|t| (t + BATCH_INTERVAL).saturating_duration_since(now)),
                drain_deadline.map(|t| t.saturating_duration_since(now)),
            ]
            .into_iter()
@@ -1170,14 +1194,8 @@ fn spawn_pump(
                        Stream::Stdout => (&mut out_dec, &mut out_notice),
                        Stream::Stderr => (&mut err_dec, &mut err_notice),
                    };
-                    match notice {
-                        Some(filter) => {
-                            dec.decode_into(&bytes, &mut decoded);
-                            filter.filter(&decoded, &mut pending);
-                            decoded.clear();
-                        }
-                        None => dec.decode_into(&bytes, &mut pending),
-                    }
+                    emit(|out| dec.decode_into(&bytes, out), notice, &mut decoded, &mut pending);
+                    held_since = if out_dec.holds() || err_dec.holds() { held_since.or(Some(now)) } else { None };
                    if !pending.is_empty() && batch_started.is_none() {
                        batch_started = Some(Instant::now());
                    }
@@ -1193,6 +1211,25 @@ fn spawn_pump(
                    if drain_deadline.is_some_and(|d| Instant::now() >= d) {
                        break;
                    }
+                    // Nothing more came: show a held prompt.
+                    if held_since.is_some_and(|t| t.elapsed() >= BATCH_INTERVAL) {
+                        held_since = None;
+                        for (stream, dec, notice) in [
+                            (Stream::Stdout, &mut out_dec, &mut out_notice),
+                            (Stream::Stderr, &mut err_dec, &mut err_notice),
+                        ] {
+                            if dec.holds() {
+                                if stream != pending_stream {
+                                    flush(&mut pending, pending_stream, &mut batch_started);
+                                    pending_stream = stream;
+                                }
+                                emit(|out| dec.release(out), notice, &mut decoded, &mut pending);
+                            }
+                        }
+                        if !pending.is_empty() && batch_started.is_none() {
+                            batch_started = Some(Instant::now());
+                        }
+                    }
                    if batch_started.is_some_and(|t| t.elapsed() >= BATCH_INTERVAL) {
                        flush(&mut pending, pending_stream, &mut batch_started);
                    }
@@ -136,6 +136,7 @@ mod tests {
 pub enum OutputDecoder {
    Utf8(Utf8Decoder),
    Other(Box<encoding_rs::Decoder>),
+    Mixed(Box<MixedDecoder>),
 }

 impl OutputDecoder {
@@ -147,10 +148,36 @@ impl OutputDecoder {
        }
    }

+    /// [`Self::for_label`] for output read from pipes. On Windows a UTF-8 console also decodes
+    /// what Windows' own programs write: the lines that are not UTF-8 in the system's console
+    /// code page (`ping`, `dir`, `cmd`'s messages), whatever the system's language, and UTF-16
+    /// (`wsl.exe`, `cmd /u`).
+    pub fn for_pipes(label: Option<&str>) -> Self {
+        match Self::for_label(label) {
+            Self::Utf8(_) if cfg!(windows) => Self::Mixed(Box::new(MixedDecoder::new(
+                ide_core::output_encoding::console_code_page().and_then(NativeDecoder::for_code_page),
+            ))),
+            other => other,
+        }
+    }
+
    pub fn decode_into(&mut self, bytes: &[u8], out: &mut String) {
        match self {
            Self::Utf8(d) => d.decode_into(bytes, out),
            Self::Other(d) => decode_with(d, bytes, out, false),
+            Self::Mixed(d) => d.decode_into(bytes, out),
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Whether part of a line is held back until it shows its encoding.
+    pub fn holds(&self) -> bool {
+        matches!(self, Self::Mixed(d) if d.holds())
+    }
+
+    /// Decodes the held part of a line now (no more output came for a while).
+    pub fn release(&mut self, out: &mut String) {
+        if let Self::Mixed(d) = self {
+            d.release(out);
        }
    }

@@ -162,10 +189,218 @@ impl OutputDecoder {
                decode_with(d, &[], &mut out, true);
                out
            }
+            Self::Mixed(d) => d.finish(),
        }
    }
 }

+/// Decoder for a Windows code page: `encoding_rs`'s, or Windows' own for the single-byte
+/// pages `encoding_rs` lacks (the OEM pages 437, 850, 852…).
+pub enum NativeDecoder {
+    Encoding(Box<encoding_rs::Decoder>),
+    #[cfg(windows)]
+    SingleByte(u32),
+}
+
+impl NativeDecoder {
+    /// `None` for UTF-8 and for code pages neither can decode piece by piece.
+    pub fn for_code_page(cp: u32) -> Option<Self> {
+        if let Some(enc) = ide_core::output_encoding::encoding_for_code_page(cp) {
+            return (enc != encoding_rs::UTF_8)
+                .then(|| Self::Encoding(Box::new(enc.new_decoder_without_bom_handling())));
+        }
+        #[cfg(windows)]
+        if ide_core::output_encoding::is_single_byte_code_page(cp) {
+            return Some(Self::SingleByte(cp));
+        }
+        None
+    }
+
+    fn decode_into(&mut self, bytes: &[u8], out: &mut String, last: bool) {
+        match self {
+            Self::Encoding(d) => decode_with(d, bytes, out, last),
+            #[cfg(windows)]
+            Self::SingleByte(cp) => out.push_str(&ide_core::output_encoding::decode_code_page(bytes, *cp)),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, Debug)]
+enum Line {
+    /// Only ASCII so far, which reads the same in both.
+    Open,
+    Utf8,
+    Native,
+}
+
+/// UTF-8, the system code page for the lines that are not UTF-8, and UTF-16: on pipes, cargo,
+/// git or node write UTF-8, Windows' own programs the console code page (GBK, Shift_JIS,
+/// EUC-KR, 866…) and a few of them (`wsl.exe`, `cmd /u`) UTF-16LE, even within one command.
+///
+/// Each line is decoded as UTF-8 or the code page (UTF-8 with replacement characters without
+/// one). The part of a line after its first non-ASCII byte is held until the line ends or
+/// turns out not to be UTF-8; [`Self::release`] decodes a held prompt when no more output comes.
+///
+/// A read with NUL bytes, which text in the others never has, is UTF-16LE (ASCII characters
+/// and line ends in it have them); UTF-16 goes on until one of its lines has ended and a read
+/// without NUL bytes comes.
+pub struct MixedDecoder {
+    utf8: Utf8Decoder,
+    native: Option<NativeDecoder>,
+    line: Line,
+    held: Vec<u8>,
+    utf16: Option<Utf16>,
+}
+
+impl MixedDecoder {
+    pub fn new(native: Option<NativeDecoder>) -> Self {
+        Self { utf8: Utf8Decoder::new(), native, line: Line::Open, held: Vec::new(), utf16: None }
+    }
+
+    pub fn decode_into(&mut self, bytes: &[u8], out: &mut String) {
+        if bytes.is_empty() {
+            return;
+        }
+        let nul = bytes.contains(&0);
+        match self.utf16.as_ref().map(|u| u.open || nul) {
+            Some(true) => {
+                if let Some(u) = &mut self.utf16 {
+                    u.decode(bytes, out);
+                }
+                return;
+            }
+            Some(false) => self.utf16 = None,
+            None if nul => {
+                self.end_line(out);
+                let mut u = Utf16::new();
+                u.decode(utf16_aligned(bytes), out);
+                self.utf16 = Some(u);
+                return;
+            }
+            None => {}
+        }
+        for piece in bytes.split_inclusive(|b| *b == b'\n') {
+            let ends = piece.last() == Some(&b'\n');
+            match self.line {
+                Line::Utf8 => self.utf8.decode_into(piece, out),
+                Line::Native => self.decode_native(piece, out),
+                Line::Open => {
+                    let mut rest = piece;
+                    if self.held.is_empty() {
+                        let ascii = piece.iter().take_while(|b| b.is_ascii()).count();
+                        out.push_str(std::str::from_utf8(&piece[..ascii]).unwrap_or_default());
+                        rest = &piece[ascii..];
+                    }
+                    self.held.extend_from_slice(rest);
+                    let decided = match std::str::from_utf8(&self.held) {
+                        Err(e) if e.error_len().is_some() => Some(Line::Native),
+                        Ok(_) if ends => Some(Line::Utf8),
+                        _ => None,
+                    };
+                    if let Some(line) = decided {
+                        self.line = line;
+                        self.flush_held(out);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            if ends {
+                self.line = Line::Open;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn flush_held(&mut self, out: &mut String) {
+        let held = std::mem::take(&mut self.held);
+        match self.line {
+            Line::Native => self.decode_native(&held, out),
+            Line::Open | Line::Utf8 => self.utf8.decode_into(&held, out),
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn decode_native(&mut self, bytes: &[u8], out: &mut String) {
+        match &mut self.native {
+            Some(native) => native.decode_into(bytes, out, false),
+            None => self.utf8.decode_into(bytes, out),
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Decodes the rest of the current line as it is.
+    fn end_line(&mut self, out: &mut String) {
+        if self.holds() {
+            self.line = if std::str::from_utf8(&self.held).is_ok() { Line::Utf8 } else { Line::Native };
+            self.flush_held(out);
+        }
+        out.push_str(&self.utf8.finish());
+        self.line = Line::Open;
+    }
+
+    pub fn holds(&self) -> bool {
+        !self.held.is_empty()
+    }
+
+    /// Decodes the held part of the line as UTF-8: held text has been UTF-8 so far.
+    pub fn release(&mut self, out: &mut String) {
+        if self.holds() {
+            self.line = Line::Utf8;
+            self.flush_held(out);
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn finish(&mut self) -> String {
+        let mut out = String::new();
+        if let Some(mut u) = self.utf16.take() {
+            decode_with(&mut u.decoder, &[], &mut out, true);
+        }
+        self.end_line(&mut out);
+        if let Some(native) = &mut self.native {
+            native.decode_into(&[], &mut out, true);
+        }
+        out
+    }
+}
+
+struct Utf16 {
+    decoder: encoding_rs::Decoder,
+    /// Inside a line or a code unit: the next read goes on in UTF-16 whatever it holds.
+    open: bool,
+    /// An odd number of bytes so far.
+    odd: bool,
+}
+
+impl Utf16 {
+    fn new() -> Self {
+        Self { decoder: encoding_rs::UTF_16LE.new_decoder_with_bom_removal(), open: false, odd: false }
+    }
+
+    fn decode(&mut self, bytes: &[u8], out: &mut String) {
+        let start = out.len();
+        decode_with(&mut self.decoder, bytes, out, false);
+        self.odd ^= bytes.len() % 2 == 1;
+        if self.odd {
+            self.open = true;
+        } else if out.len() > start {
+            self.open = !out.ends_with('\n');
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// `bytes` from the first byte of a UTF-16LE code unit. NUL bytes are mostly the high bytes of
+/// ASCII characters, at odd offsets from it; at even ones, the first byte is the high byte of a
+/// character whose low byte came before (and was shown as ASCII).
+fn utf16_aligned(bytes: &[u8]) -> &[u8] {
+    let (mut even, mut odd) = (0usize, 0usize);
+    for (i, b) in bytes.iter().enumerate() {
+        if *b == 0 {
+            if i % 2 == 0 {
+                even += 1;
+            } else {
+                odd += 1;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    if even > odd { &bytes[1..] } else { bytes }
+}
+
 fn decode_with(d: &mut encoding_rs::Decoder, bytes: &[u8], out: &mut String, last: bool) {
    let mut src = bytes;
    loop {
@@ -180,7 +415,8 @@ fn decode_with(d: &mut encoding_rs::Decoder, bytes: &[u8], out: &mut String, las

 #[cfg(test)]
 mod encoding_tests {
-    use super::OutputDecoder;
+    use super::{MixedDecoder, NativeDecoder, OutputDecoder};
+    use ide_core::output_encoding::encoding_for_code_page;

    #[test]
    fn gbk_split_across_chunks() {
@@ -202,4 +438,157 @@ mod encoding_tests {
        assert_eq!(out, "héllo");
        assert!(matches!(d, OutputDecoder::Utf8(_)));
    }
+
+    fn mixed(cp: u32) -> MixedDecoder {
+        MixedDecoder::new(Some(NativeDecoder::for_code_page(cp).expect("code page")))
+    }
+
+    fn encode(cp: u32, text: &str) -> Vec<u8> {
+        let (bytes, _, unmappable) = encoding_for_code_page(cp).expect("code page").encode(text);
+        assert!(!unmappable, "{text} in {cp}");
+        bytes.into_owned()
+    }
+
+    /// Simplified and Traditional Chinese, Korean, Japanese, Cyrillic (OEM and ANSI), Western.
+    const SAMPLES: &[(u32, &str)] = &[
+        (936, "正在 Ping 127.0.0.1 具有 32 字节的数据:"),
+        (950, "系統找不到指定的路徑。"),
+        (949, "지정된 경로를 찾을 수 없습니다."),
+        (932, "指定されたパスが見つかりません。"),
+        (866, "Системе не удается найти указанный путь."),
+        (1251, "Системе не удается найти указанный путь."),
+        (1252, "Le chemin d'accès spécifié est introuvable."),
+    ];
+
+    #[test]
+    fn utf8_and_code_page_lines_mix_whatever_the_chunks() {
+        for &(cp, native) in SAMPLES {
+            let mut bytes = "   Compiling 编译 ü\n".as_bytes().to_vec();
+            bytes.extend(encode(cp, native));
+            bytes.extend_from_slice(b"\r\n");
+            bytes.extend_from_slice("ok ✓\n".as_bytes());
+            bytes.extend(encode(cp, native));
+            let expected = format!("   Compiling 编译 ü\n{native}\r\nok ✓\n{native}");
+            for split in 0..=bytes.len() {
+                let mut d = mixed(cp);
+                let mut out = String::new();
+                d.decode_into(&bytes[..split], &mut out);
+                d.decode_into(&bytes[split..], &mut out);
+                out.push_str(&d.finish());
+                assert_eq!(out, expected, "code page {cp}, split at {split}");
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn byte_by_byte_code_page_output() {
+        for &(cp, native) in SAMPLES {
+            let bytes = [encode(cp, native), b"\n".to_vec()].concat();
+            let mut d = mixed(cp);
+            let mut out = String::new();
+            for b in &bytes {
+                d.decode_into(std::slice::from_ref(b), &mut out);
+            }
+            assert!(!d.holds());
+            assert_eq!(out, format!("{native}\n"), "code page {cp}");
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn ascii_and_code_page_prompts_show_at_once_and_utf8_ones_on_release() {
+        let mut d = mixed(936);
+        let mut out = String::new();
+        d.decode_into(b"Password: ", &mut out);
+        assert_eq!(out, "Password: ");
+        assert!(!d.holds());
+
+        out.clear();
+        d.decode_into(&encode(936, "请按任意键继续. . ."), &mut out);
+        assert_eq!(out, "请按任意键继续. . .");
+        assert!(!d.holds());
+
+        let mut d = mixed(936);
+        out.clear();
+        d.decode_into("Continue? 继续 ".as_bytes(), &mut out);
+        assert_eq!(out, "Continue? ");
+        assert!(d.holds());
+        d.release(&mut out);
+        assert_eq!(out, "Continue? 继续 ");
+        d.decode_into("[y/N]\n".as_bytes(), &mut out);
+        assert_eq!(out, "Continue? 继续 [y/N]\n");
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn a_released_line_split_inside_a_character_completes() {
+        let mut d = mixed(949);
+        let mut out = String::new();
+        let bytes = "é中".as_bytes();
+        d.decode_into(&bytes[..3], &mut out);
+        d.release(&mut out);
+        d.decode_into(&bytes[3..], &mut out);
+        out.push_str(&d.finish());
+        assert_eq!(out, "é中");
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn utf8_code_page_has_no_mixed_decoder() {
+        assert!(NativeDecoder::for_code_page(65001).is_none());
+    }
+
+    fn utf16(text: &str) -> Vec<u8> {
+        text.encode_utf16().flat_map(u16::to_le_bytes).collect()
+    }
+
+    /// What `wsl.exe -l -v` writes, on a Chinese system.
+    const WSL: &str = "  NAME            STATE           VERSION\r\n* Ubuntu-22.04    Running         2\r\n\
+                       适用于 Linux 的 Windows 子系统: 默认\r\n";
+
+    #[test]
+    fn utf16_output_between_utf8_and_code_page_lines_whatever_the_chunks() {
+        let before = "   Compiling 编译\n".as_bytes();
+        let wsl = utf16(WSL);
+        let after = [encode(936, "系统找不到指定的路径。"), "\r\ndone ✓\n".as_bytes().to_vec()].concat();
+        let expected = format!("   Compiling 编译\n{WSL}系统找不到指定的路径。\r\ndone ✓\n");
+        for split in 0..=wsl.len() {
+            let mut d = mixed(936);
+            let mut out = String::new();
+            for chunk in [before, &wsl[..split], &wsl[split..], &after] {
+                d.decode_into(chunk, &mut out);
+            }
+            out.push_str(&d.finish());
+            assert_eq!(out, expected, "split at {split}");
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn utf16_with_a_byte_order_mark_or_starting_with_cjk() {
+        let mut d = mixed(949);
+        let mut out = String::new();
+        d.decode_into(&[&[0xFF, 0xFE][..], &utf16("한국어 OK\r\n")].concat(), &mut out);
+        d.decode_into(&utf16("中文 OK\r\n"), &mut out);
+        out.push_str(&d.finish());
+        assert_eq!(out, "한국어 OK\r\n中文 OK\r\n");
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn without_a_code_page_other_lines_are_lossy_utf8_and_utf16_still_reads() {
+        let mut d = MixedDecoder::new(None);
+        let mut out = String::new();
+        d.decode_into(b"caf\xe9\n", &mut out);
+        d.decode_into(&utf16("wsl 子系统\r\n"), &mut out);
+        d.decode_into("ok ✓\n".as_bytes(), &mut out);
+        out.push_str(&d.finish());
+        assert_eq!(out, "caf\u{FFFD}\nwsl 子系统\r\nok ✓\n");
+    }
+
+    #[cfg(windows)]
+    #[test]
+    fn oem_code_pages_without_an_encoding_rs_table_decode_through_windows() {
+        for cp in [437, 850, 852] {
+            let mut d = mixed(cp);
+            let mut out = String::new();
+            d.decode_into(b"caf\x82\r\n", &mut out);
+            assert_eq!(out, "caf\u{e9}\r\n", "code page {cp}");
+        }
+    }
 }
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+#![cfg(windows)]
+
+use ide_core::{IdeEvent, SharedSink};
+use ide_run::{OutputChunk, ProcessManager, RunConfig, StartOptions};
+use parking_lot::Mutex;
+use std::collections::BTreeMap;
+use std::sync::Arc;
+use std::sync::mpsc;
+use std::time::Duration;
+
+/// Stdout and stderr of a shell command line run on pipes in a UTF-8 console.
+fn run(command: &str) -> String {
+    let (tx, events) = mpsc::channel();
+    let tx = Mutex::new(tx);
+    let sink: SharedSink = Arc::new(move |e: IdeEvent| {
+        let _ = tx.lock().send(e);
+    });
+    let root = tempfile::tempdir().unwrap();
+    let config = RunConfig {
+        id: "t:out".into(),
+        name: "t:out".into(),
+        kind: "shell".into(),
+        command: command.into(),
+        args: Vec::new(),
+        cwd: None,
+        env: BTreeMap::new(),
+        detected: false,
+        is_test: false,
+        debug_adapter: None,
+        allow_parallel: false,
+        extras: Default::default(),
+    };
+    let chunks: Arc<Mutex<Vec<OutputChunk>>> = Arc::default();
+    let out = chunks.clone();
+    let pm = ProcessManager::new();
+    let info = pm
+        .start(root.path(), &config, &StartOptions::default(), sink, Box::new(move |c| out.lock().push(c)))
+        .expect("start");
+    loop {
+        match events.recv_timeout(Duration::from_secs(20)).expect("RunExited event") {
+            IdeEvent::RunExited { run, .. } if run == info.id => break,
+            _ => {}
+        }
+    }
+    chunks
+        .lock()
+        .iter()
+        .filter_map(|c| match c {
+            OutputChunk::Stdout { text } | OutputChunk::Stderr { text } => Some(text.as_str()),
+            _ => None,
+        })
+        .collect()
+}
+
+/// `cmd`'s own messages reach the pipe in the console code page (GBK, Shift_JIS, EUC-KR,
+/// 437…, by the system's language), and still read right in a UTF-8 console.
+#[test]
+fn native_messages_in_the_console_code_page_are_decoded() {
+    let text = run(r"dir C:\openidea-no-such-dir");
+    assert!(text.trim().lines().count() >= 2, "{text:?}");
+    assert!(!text.contains('\u{FFFD}'), "{text:?}");
+}
+
+/// `cmd /u` writes UTF-16LE, as `wsl.exe` does; it reads right whatever the system's language.
+#[test]
+fn utf16_output_is_decoded() {
+    let text = run("cmd /u /c echo 中文 한국어 OK");
+    assert_eq!(text, "中文 한국어 OK\r\n");
+}
@@ -323,6 +323,18 @@ fn resolve_gradle_command(root: &Path, build_dir: &Path, s: &Settings, use_wrapp
    }
    let wrapper = build_dir.join(if cfg!(windows) { "gradlew.bat" } else { "gradlew" });
    if use_wrapper && wrapper.is_file() {
+        // `gradlew` can't start without its jar, which `.gitignore`s with `*.jar` often leave
+        // out: run the distribution the wrapper already unpacked instead.
+        if build_dir.join("gradle/wrapper/gradle-wrapper.jar").is_file() {
+            return wrapper;
+        }
+        let home = setting_path(root, &g.user_home)
+            .or_else(|| std::env::var_os("GRADLE_USER_HOME").map(PathBuf::from))
+            .or_else(|| Some(crate::home_dir()?.join(".gradle")));
+        if let Some(gradle) = home.and_then(|home| unpacked_wrapper_distribution(build_dir, &home)) {
+            return gradle;
+        }
+        // Nothing to run instead: the wrapper's failure explains what is missing.
        return wrapper;
    }
    pinned::pinned_install(build_dir, Tool::Gradle)
@@ -330,6 +342,21 @@ fn resolve_gradle_command(root: &Path, build_dir: &Path, s: &Settings, use_wrapp
        .unwrap_or_else(|| name.into())
 }

+/// `bin/gradle` of the distribution `gradle/wrapper/gradle-wrapper.properties` names, once the
+/// wrapper has unpacked it in `<gradle_user_home>/wrapper/dists` (and marked it complete).
+fn unpacked_wrapper_distribution(build_dir: &Path, gradle_user_home: &Path) -> Option<PathBuf> {
+    let properties = std::fs::read_to_string(build_dir.join("gradle/wrapper/gradle-wrapper.properties")).ok()?;
+    let url = properties.lines().find_map(|line| line.trim().strip_prefix("distributionUrl="))?;
+    let zip = url.trim().replace("\\:", ":").rsplit('/').next()?.to_owned();
+    let name = zip.strip_suffix(".zip")?;
+    let gradle = if cfg!(windows) { "gradle.bat" } else { "gradle" };
+    // One directory per distribution URL hash, each holding the unpacked `gradle-<version>`.
+    let hashes = std::fs::read_dir(gradle_user_home.join("wrapper/dists").join(name)).ok()?;
+    hashes.flatten().map(|e| e.path()).filter(|dir| dir.join(format!("{zip}.ok")).is_file()).find_map(|dir| {
+        std::fs::read_dir(&dir).ok()?.flatten().map(|e| e.path().join("bin").join(gradle)).find(|p| p.is_file())
+    })
+}
+
 fn gradle_run_jdk<'a>(
    release: Option<u32>,
    configured: Option<&'a crate::java::Jdk>,
@@ -1866,6 +1866,37 @@ fn max_java_picks_an_older_jdk() {
    assert_eq!(free.env["JAVA_HOME"], j25.home.to_string_lossy());
 }

+/// #3086: `gradle-wrapper.jar` excluded by a `*.jar` rule in `.gitignore`: `gradlew` can't
+/// start, so the distribution the wrapper already unpacked runs instead.
+#[test]
+fn gradle_wrapper_without_its_jar_runs_the_unpacked_distribution() {
+    use crate::apply::gradle_command;
+    let tmp = tempfile::tempdir().unwrap();
+    let root = tmp.path();
+    let plain = if cfg!(windows) { "gradle.bat" } else { "gradle" };
+    let wrapper = root.join(if cfg!(windows) { "gradlew.bat" } else { "gradlew" });
+    std::fs::write(&wrapper, "").unwrap();
+    std::fs::create_dir_all(root.join("gradle/wrapper")).unwrap();
+    std::fs::write(
+        root.join("gradle/wrapper/gradle-wrapper.properties"),
+        "distributionUrl=https\\://services.gradle.org/distributions/gradle-4.10-bin.zip\n",
+    )
+    .unwrap();
+    let mut settings = Settings::default();
+    settings.languages.java.gradle.user_home = "user-home".into();
+    let hash = root.join("user-home/wrapper/dists/gradle-4.10-bin/7ddd1b3f");
+    let gradle = hash.join("gradle-4.10/bin").join(plain);
+    std::fs::create_dir_all(gradle.parent().unwrap()).unwrap();
+    std::fs::write(&gradle, "").unwrap();
+    // Not marked complete: possibly half unpacked.
+    assert_eq!(gradle_command(root, root, &settings), wrapper);
+    std::fs::write(hash.join("gradle-4.10-bin.zip.ok"), "").unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(gradle_command(root, root, &settings), gradle);
+    // With its jar the wrapper runs as usual.
+    std::fs::write(root.join("gradle/wrapper/gradle-wrapper.jar"), "").unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(gradle_command(root, root, &settings), wrapper);
+}
+
 #[test]
 fn gradle_settings_precedence() {
    use crate::apply::{gradle_command, gradle_env};
@@ -17,11 +17,18 @@ pub(crate) const EXTENSION: &str = "vue";
 const CLI_SERVICE: &str = "@vue/cli-service";
 const CLI_CONFIG_TIMEOUT: Duration = Duration::from_secs(30);
 const ALIASES_MARKER: &str = "openidea-webpack-aliases:";
-/// Prints the `resolve.alias` of the webpack configuration module `argv[1]`, after whatever
-/// the configuration itself prints.
-const PRINT_ALIASES: &str = "const c = require(process.argv[1]); const a = (c.resolve && c.resolve.alias) || {}; \
+/// Prints the `resolve.alias` of the webpack configuration module `argv[1]` (an object, an
+/// ES module's default, a function of the environment, or a list of configurations), after
+/// whatever the configuration itself prints.
+const PRINT_ALIASES: &str = "let c = require(process.argv[1]); if (c && c.__esModule) c = c.default; \
+    if (typeof c === 'function') c = c({}, { mode: 'development' }); if (Array.isArray(c)) c = c[0]; \
+    const a = (c && c.resolve && c.resolve.alias) || {}; \
    const e = Array.isArray(a) ? a.map((x) => [x.name, x.alias]) : Object.entries(a); \
    process.stdout.write('\\n' + process.argv[2] + JSON.stringify(e));";
+/// Webpack configurations of Vue projects without Vue CLI: the project's own, and the
+/// `vue init webpack` (Vue CLI 2) template's.
+const WEBPACK_CONFIGS: &[&str] =
+    &["webpack.config.js", "webpack.config.cjs", "build/webpack.base.conf.js", "build/webpack.dev.conf.js"];

 type Paths = BTreeMap<String, Vec<String>>;
 static CLI_PATHS: LazyLock<Mutex<HashMap<PathBuf, (Stamp, Paths)>>> = LazyLock::new(Default::default);
@@ -42,24 +49,33 @@ pub(crate) fn tsserver_plugin(package: &Path) -> serde_json::Value {
    })
 }

-/// `compilerOptions.paths` for the webpack aliases of a Vue CLI project at `root` (`@/*` →
+/// `compilerOptions.paths` for the webpack aliases of a Vue project at `root` (`@/*` →
 /// `<root>/src/*`), for its tsserver project when it has no `jsconfig.json`: tsserver can't
 /// read webpack configurations, so `@/` imports resolve to nothing, and a mixin imported
-/// that way makes the component's whole `this` `any`. Like IntelliJ, evaluates the
-/// configuration `@vue/cli-service` resolves with the project's `vue.config.js` (the project
-/// is trusted: language servers only run then); else the alias Vue CLI always adds.
-/// Empty for other projects.
+/// that way makes the component's whole `this` `any`. Like IntelliJ, evaluates the webpack
+/// configuration (the project is trusted: language servers only run then): the one
+/// `@vue/cli-service` resolves with the project's `vue.config.js`, else the project's own
+/// (`webpack.config.js`, Vue CLI 2's `build/webpack.base.conf.js`). Without one (Vite, or
+/// no Node), the `@` → `src` alias every Vue template sets up. Empty for other projects.
 pub(crate) fn cli_paths(root: &Path, node: Option<&Path>) -> Paths {
    let Ok(manifest) = std::fs::read_to_string(root.join("package.json")) else { return Paths::new() };
-    if !package_dependencies(&manifest).iter().any(|d| d == CLI_SERVICE) {
+    let dependencies = package_dependencies(&manifest);
+    let cli = dependencies.iter().any(|d| d == CLI_SERVICE);
+    if !cli && !dependencies.iter().any(|d| d == "vue") {
        return Paths::new();
    }
-    let config = root
-        .ancestors()
-        .map(|dir| dir.join("node_modules").join(CLI_SERVICE).join("webpack.config.js"))
-        .find(|f| f.is_file());
-    let mut inputs: Vec<PathBuf> =
-        ["package.json", "vue.config.js", "vue.config.cjs", "vue.config.mjs"].iter().map(|f| root.join(f)).collect();
+    let config = if cli {
+        root.ancestors()
+            .map(|dir| dir.join("node_modules").join(CLI_SERVICE).join("webpack.config.js"))
+            .find(|f| f.is_file())
+    } else {
+        WEBPACK_CONFIGS.iter().map(|f| root.join(f)).find(|f| f.is_file())
+    };
+    let mut inputs: Vec<PathBuf> = ["package.json", "vue.config.js", "vue.config.cjs", "vue.config.mjs"]
+        .iter()
+        .chain(WEBPACK_CONFIGS)
+        .map(|f| root.join(f))
+        .collect();
    inputs.extend(config.iter().cloned());
    inputs.extend(node.map(Path::to_path_buf));
    let now = stamp(&inputs);
@@ -71,6 +87,7 @@ pub(crate) fn cli_paths(root: &Path, node: Option<&Path>) -> Paths {
    let aliases = config
        .zip(node)
        .and_then(|(config, node)| webpack_aliases(root, &config, node))
+        .filter(|aliases| !aliases.is_empty())
        .unwrap_or_else(|| vec![("@".into(), root.join("src").to_string_lossy().into_owned())]);
    let paths = alias_paths(&aliases);
    CLI_PATHS.lock().unwrap_or_else(|e| e.into_inner()).insert(root.to_path_buf(), (now, paths.clone()));
@@ -181,6 +198,43 @@ mod tests {
        );
    }

+    #[test]
+    fn other_vue_projects_get_their_webpack_aliases_else_the_at_alias() {
+        let tmp = tempfile::tempdir().unwrap();
+        // As `__dirname` sees it (macOS: /private/var).
+        let t = &dunce::canonicalize(tmp.path()).unwrap();
+        std::fs::write(t.join("package.json"), r#"{"dependencies":{"react":"^18.0.0"}}"#).unwrap();
+        std::fs::create_dir_all(t.join("src/views")).unwrap();
+        assert!(cli_paths(t, None).is_empty(), "not a Vue project");
+        std::fs::write(t.join("package.json"), r#"{"dependencies":{"vue":"^2.6.14"}}"#).unwrap();
+        let slash = |p: PathBuf| p.to_string_lossy().replace('\\', "/");
+        let (src, views) = (slash(t.join("src")), slash(t.join("src/views")));
+        let at = Paths::from([("@".into(), vec![src.clone()]), ("@/*".into(), vec![format!("{src}/*")])]);
+        assert_eq!(cli_paths(t, None), at, "Vite or no Node: the template alias");
+        let Some(node) = crate::exec::which("node") else { return };
+        // `vue init webpack`: a function of the environment is called, its aliases taken.
+        std::fs::create_dir_all(t.join("build")).unwrap();
+        std::fs::write(
+            t.join("build/webpack.base.conf.js"),
+            r#"const path = require('path');
+const resolve = (dir) => path.join(__dirname, '..', dir);
+module.exports = (env) => ({ resolve: { alias: { vue$: 'vue/dist/vue.esm.js', '@': resolve('src'), views: resolve('src/views') } } });"#,
+        )
+        .unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(
+            cli_paths(t, Some(&node)),
+            Paths::from([
+                ("@".into(), vec![src.clone()]),
+                ("@/*".into(), vec![format!("{src}/*")]),
+                ("views".into(), vec![views.clone()]),
+                ("views/*".into(), vec![format!("{views}/*")]),
+            ])
+        );
+        // A configuration that can't be loaded (dependencies not installed): the template alias.
+        std::fs::write(t.join("build/webpack.base.conf.js"), "require('not-installed-plugin');").unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(cli_paths(t, Some(&node)), at);
+    }
+
    #[test]
    fn vue_cli_aliases_come_from_the_resolved_webpack_configuration() {
        let Some(node) = crate::exec::which("node") else { return };
@@ -19,8 +19,6 @@ tar = "0.4"
 zip.workspace = true
 sha2 = "0.10"
 hex = "0.4"
-
-[dev-dependencies]
 tempfile.workspace = true

 [target.'cfg(unix)'.dev-dependencies]
@@ -20,6 +20,8 @@ mod bundled;
 pub mod formatter;
 pub mod jdk;
 pub mod platform;
+#[cfg(any(windows, test))]
+pub mod portable_update;
 mod process;
 pub mod registry;
 pub mod server;
@@ -0,0 +1,223 @@
+//! In-place updates of the Windows unpack-and-run distribution.
+
+use ide_core::{IdeError, IdeResult};
+use std::fs;
+use std::io::{self, Cursor};
+use std::path::{Path, PathBuf};
+
+/// `bytes` must already have passed the updater's signature verification.
+pub fn install(exe: &Path, bytes: &[u8]) -> IdeResult<()> {
+    let directory = exe.parent().ok_or_else(|| IdeError::invalid("executable has no parent directory"))?;
+    let staging = tempfile::Builder::new().prefix(".openidea-update-").tempdir_in(directory)?;
+    let files = unpack(bytes, staging.path(), exe)?;
+    let mut replaced = Vec::new();
+    for (source, target) in files {
+        match replace_file(&source, &target) {
+            Ok(backup) => replaced.push((target, backup)),
+            Err(error) => {
+                for (target, backup) in replaced.into_iter().rev() {
+                    fs::remove_file(&target)?;
+                    if let Some(backup) = backup {
+                        fs::rename(&backup, &target).map_err(|restore| {
+                            IdeError::internal(format!(
+                                "{error}; restore {} from {}: {restore}",
+                                target.display(),
+                                backup.display()
+                            ))
+                        })?;
+                    }
+                }
+                return Err(error);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+/// Old executables stay locked until their process exits; retry cleanup on the next start.
+pub fn cleanup(exe: &Path) {
+    for target in [exe.to_path_buf(), exe.with_file_name("WebView2Loader.dll")] {
+        let _ = fs::remove_file(backup_path(&target));
+    }
+}
+
+fn unpack(bytes: &[u8], staging: &Path, exe: &Path) -> IdeResult<Vec<(PathBuf, PathBuf)>> {
+    let invalid = |error| IdeError::invalid(format!("portable update archive: {error}"));
+    let mut archive = zip::ZipArchive::new(Cursor::new(bytes)).map_err(invalid)?;
+    let mut files = Vec::new();
+    let mut has_exe = false;
+    for index in 0..archive.len() {
+        let mut entry = archive.by_index(index).map_err(invalid)?;
+        let name = entry.name().map_err(invalid)?;
+        let target = match name.as_ref() {
+            "openidea.exe" => {
+                has_exe = true;
+                exe.to_path_buf()
+            }
+            "WebView2Loader.dll" => exe.with_file_name("WebView2Loader.dll"),
+            name => return Err(IdeError::invalid(format!("unexpected portable update file: {name}"))),
+        };
+        if !entry.is_file() || entry.is_symlink() || files.iter().any(|(_, path)| path == &target) {
+            return Err(IdeError::invalid("portable update contains a duplicate or non-regular file"));
+        }
+        let source = staging.join(name.as_ref());
+        let mut file = fs::File::create(&source)?;
+        io::copy(&mut entry, &mut file)?;
+        file.sync_all()?;
+        files.push((source, target));
+    }
+    if !has_exe {
+        return Err(IdeError::invalid("portable update is missing openidea.exe"));
+    }
+    Ok(files)
+}
+
+fn replace_file(source: &Path, target: &Path) -> IdeResult<Option<PathBuf>> {
+    let backup = if target.try_exists()? {
+        if !target.is_file() {
+            return Err(IdeError::invalid(format!("not an application file: {}", target.display())));
+        }
+        let backup = backup_path(target);
+        if backup.try_exists()? {
+            fs::remove_file(&backup)?;
+        }
+        // Windows forbids overwriting a running exe, but allows renaming it.
+        fs::rename(target, &backup)?;
+        Some(backup)
+    } else {
+        None
+    };
+    if let Err(error) = fs::rename(source, target) {
+        if let Some(backup) = &backup {
+            fs::rename(backup, target).map_err(|restore| {
+                IdeError::internal(format!(
+                    "{error}; restore {} from {}: {restore}",
+                    target.display(),
+                    backup.display()
+                ))
+            })?;
+        }
+        return Err(error.into());
+    }
+    Ok(backup)
+}
+
+fn backup_path(target: &Path) -> PathBuf {
+    let mut path = target.as_os_str().to_os_string();
+    path.push(".openidea-old");
+    PathBuf::from(path)
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+    use std::io::Write;
+
+    fn package(files: &[(&str, &[u8])]) -> Vec<u8> {
+        let mut zip = zip::ZipWriter::new(Cursor::new(Vec::new()));
+        for (name, bytes) in files {
+            zip.start_file(*name, zip::write::SimpleFileOptions::default()).unwrap();
+            zip.write_all(bytes).unwrap();
+        }
+        zip.finish().unwrap().into_inner()
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn replaces_application_files_and_preserves_configuration() {
+        for name in ["openidea.exe", "我的 IDE.exe"] {
+            let tmp = tempfile::tempdir().unwrap();
+            let exe = tmp.path().join(name);
+            fs::write(&exe, b"old exe").unwrap();
+            fs::write(tmp.path().join("WebView2Loader.dll"), b"old dll").unwrap();
+            fs::write(tmp.path().join("settings.toml"), b"my settings").unwrap();
+            fs::create_dir(tmp.path().join("data")).unwrap();
+            fs::write(tmp.path().join("data/plugins.json"), b"my plugins").unwrap();
+            let bytes = package(&[("openidea.exe", b"new exe"), ("WebView2Loader.dll", b"new dll")]);
+            install(&exe, &bytes).unwrap();
+            assert_eq!(fs::read(&exe).unwrap(), b"new exe");
+            assert_eq!(fs::read(tmp.path().join("WebView2Loader.dll")).unwrap(), b"new dll");
+            assert_eq!(fs::read(tmp.path().join("settings.toml")).unwrap(), b"my settings");
+            assert_eq!(fs::read(tmp.path().join("data/plugins.json")).unwrap(), b"my plugins");
+            cleanup(&exe);
+            assert!(!backup_path(&exe).exists());
+            assert!(!backup_path(&tmp.path().join("WebView2Loader.dll")).exists());
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn accepts_an_exe_only_package() {
+        let tmp = tempfile::tempdir().unwrap();
+        let exe = tmp.path().join("openidea.exe");
+        fs::write(&exe, b"old").unwrap();
+        install(&exe, &package(&[("openidea.exe", b"new")])).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(fs::read(&exe).unwrap(), b"new");
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn rejects_incomplete_or_unexpected_payloads_before_changing_files() {
+        for files in [
+            vec![("WebView2Loader.dll", b"new".as_slice())],
+            vec![("openidea.exe", b"new"), ("settings.toml", b"overwrite")],
+            vec![("openidea.exe", b"new"), ("../outside.txt", b"escape")],
+        ] {
+            let tmp = tempfile::tempdir().unwrap();
+            let exe = tmp.path().join("openidea.exe");
+            fs::write(&exe, b"old").unwrap();
+            assert!(install(&exe, &package(&files)).is_err());
+            assert_eq!(fs::read(&exe).unwrap(), b"old");
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[cfg(windows)]
+    #[test]
+    fn updates_a_running_executable_and_restores_on_a_locked_companion() {
+        use std::os::windows::fs::OpenOptionsExt;
+        use std::process::{Command, Stdio};
+
+        let tmp = tempfile::tempdir().unwrap();
+        let exe = tmp.path().join("openidea.exe");
+        let ping = Path::new(&std::env::var_os("SystemRoot").unwrap()).join("System32/PING.EXE");
+        fs::copy(ping, &exe).unwrap();
+        let original = fs::read(&exe).unwrap();
+        let dll = tmp.path().join("WebView2Loader.dll");
+        fs::write(&dll, b"old dll").unwrap();
+        let mut command = Command::new(&exe);
+        command.args(["-n", "30", "127.0.0.1"]).stdout(Stdio::null()).stderr(Stdio::null());
+        ide_core::process::prepare(&mut command);
+        let mut child = command.spawn().unwrap();
+        let result = {
+            assert!(fs::write(&exe, b"overwrite").is_err(), "fixture must hold the running exe");
+            let held = fs::OpenOptions::new().read(true).share_mode(1).open(&dll).unwrap();
+            let bytes = package(&[("openidea.exe", b"new exe"), ("WebView2Loader.dll", b"new dll")]);
+            assert!(install(&exe, &bytes).is_err());
+            assert_eq!(fs::read(&exe).unwrap(), original);
+            assert_eq!(fs::read(&dll).unwrap(), b"old dll");
+            drop(held);
+            install(&exe, &bytes)
+        };
+        let _ = child.kill();
+        let _ = child.wait();
+        result.unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(fs::read(&exe).unwrap(), b"new exe");
+        assert_eq!(fs::read(&dll).unwrap(), b"new dll");
+        cleanup(&exe);
+        assert!(!backup_path(&exe).exists());
+    }
+
+    #[cfg(windows)]
+    #[test]
+    fn restores_the_old_file_when_the_new_file_cannot_be_moved() {
+        use std::os::windows::fs::OpenOptionsExt;
+
+        let tmp = tempfile::tempdir().unwrap();
+        let exe = tmp.path().join("openidea.exe");
+        let source = tmp.path().join("new.exe");
+        fs::write(&exe, b"old").unwrap();
+        fs::write(&source, b"new").unwrap();
+        let _held = fs::OpenOptions::new().read(true).share_mode(1).open(&source).unwrap();
+        assert!(replace_file(&source, &exe).is_err());
+        assert_eq!(fs::read(&exe).unwrap(), b"old");
+        assert_eq!(fs::read(&source).unwrap(), b"new");
+        assert!(!backup_path(&exe).exists());
+    }
+}
@@ -281,6 +281,9 @@ impl Repo {
        let commitish = arg(commitish, "revision")?;
        let mut args: Vec<String> = vec!["worktree".into(), "add".into()];
        if let Some(b) = new_branch.map(str::trim).filter(|b| !b.is_empty()) {
+            if crate::write::renamed_remote_start(self, b, &commitish) {
+                args.push("--no-track".into());
+            }
            args.extend(["-b".into(), arg(b, "branch name")?]);
        }
        args.extend(["--".into(), path, commitish]);
@@ -800,16 +800,41 @@ pub(crate) fn create_branch(
        let repo = r.gix()?;
        resolve(&repo, s)?;
    }
+    let no_track = start.is_some_and(|s| renamed_remote_start(r, name, s));
    let mut args = match (checkout, overwrite) {
        (true, false) => vec!["switch", "-c", name],
        (true, true) => vec!["switch", "-C", name],
-        (false, false) => vec!["branch", "--", name],
-        (false, true) => vec!["branch", "--force", "--", name],
+        (false, false) => vec!["branch"],
+        (false, true) => vec!["branch", "--force"],
    };
+    if no_track {
+        args.push("--no-track");
+    }
+    if !checkout {
+        args.extend(["--", name]);
+    }
    args.extend(start);
    run(r.root(), &args, None).map(|_| ())
 }

+/// Whether `start` is a remote-tracking branch with another name than the new branch
+/// `name`. Git would make it the upstream, so pushing the new branch would go to the
+/// start branch (`feature` from `origin/main` pushes to `main`); such a branch is left
+/// without upstream and gets its own one on the first push. A remote branch under the
+/// same name stays tracked.
+pub(crate) fn renamed_remote_start(r: &Repo, name: &str, start: &str) -> bool {
+    let Ok(out) = cli::run_raw(r.root(), &["rev-parse", "--verify", "--quiet", "--symbolic-full-name", start], None)
+    else {
+        return false;
+    };
+    let full = out.stdout_str().trim().to_string();
+    let Some(rest) = full.strip_prefix("refs/remotes/").filter(|_| out.code == Some(0)) else { return false };
+    let Ok(repo) = r.gix() else { return false };
+    let names = repo.remote_names();
+    let branch = names.iter().find_map(|remote| rest.strip_prefix(&format!("{remote}/")));
+    branch.is_some_and(|b| b != name)
+}
+
 /// Undo Commit: moves the current branch back to the parent of `commit` (which must be
 /// HEAD), keeping its changes staged. Returns the undone commit's message.
 /// Edit Commit Message: writes `commit` again with `message`, and its descendants on top
@@ -984,15 +984,41 @@ fn branch_overwrite_preserves_the_ref_if_checkout_fails() {
 }

 #[test]
-fn new_branch_from_remote_branch_tracks_it() {
-    let (fx, _bare) = Fixture::with_origin();
+fn new_branch_from_remote_branch_tracks_it_only_under_the_same_name() {
+    let (fx, bare) = Fixture::with_origin();
    fx.git(&["push", "-q", "origin", "main:release"]);
    fx.git(&["fetch", "-q"]);
    let repo = fx.repo();
+    let upstream = |name: &str| {
+        repo.branches().unwrap().into_iter().find(|b| b.name == name && !b.remote).and_then(|b| b.upstream)
+    };
+
+    repo.create_branch("release", Some("origin/release"), false).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(upstream("release").as_deref(), Some("origin/release"));
+
+    // Another name: no upstream, whether switched to or not, created plainly or overwritten.
+    repo.create_branch("other", Some("origin/release"), false).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(upstream("other"), None);
+    repo.create_branch_with_overwrite("other", Some("origin/main"), false, true).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(upstream("other"), None);
    repo.create_branch("my-release", Some("origin/release"), true).unwrap();
    let info = repo.branch_info().unwrap();
    assert_eq!(info.head.as_deref(), Some("my-release"));
-    assert_eq!(info.upstream.as_deref(), Some("origin/release"));
+    assert_eq!(info.upstream, None);
+
+    // The first push then goes to a branch of its own name and tracks it.
+    fx.write("a.txt", "mine\n");
+    let tip = fx.commit_all("mine");
+    let (cancel, out) = quiet();
+    repo.push(false, true, &cancel, &out).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(git_in(&bare, &["rev-parse", "my-release"]), tip);
+    assert_ne!(git_in(&bare, &["rev-parse", "release"]), tip);
+    assert_eq!(fx.git(&["config", "branch.my-release.merge"]), "refs/heads/my-release");
+
+    // New worktree on a new branch from a remote branch: the same rule.
+    let wt = fx.tmp.path().join("wt");
+    repo.add_worktree(&wt, "origin/release", Some("wt-branch")).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(upstream("wt-branch"), None);
 }

 #[test]
@@ -61,8 +61,9 @@ pub fn artifacts_url(group: &str, prefix: &str) -> Option<String> {

 /// The published version metadata of one artifact on Central.
 pub fn metadata_url(group: &str, artifact: &str) -> Option<String> {
-    (part(group, 200) && part(artifact, 100)).then(|| {
-        let path = group.split('.').chain(artifact.split('.')).collect::<Vec<_>>().join("/");
+    // The group's dots are directories; an artifact id is one directory, dots and all.
+    (part(group, 200) && part(artifact, 100) && artifact != "." && artifact != "..").then(|| {
+        let path = group.split('.').chain([artifact]).collect::<Vec<_>>().join("/");
        format!("https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/{path}/maven-metadata.xml")
    })
 }
@@ -146,6 +147,11 @@ mod tests {
            metadata_url("org.apache.maven", "maven-core").as_deref(),
            Some("https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/org/apache/maven/maven-core/maven-metadata.xml")
        );
+        assert_eq!(
+            metadata_url("org.eclipse.platform", "org.eclipse.core.runtime").as_deref(),
+            Some("https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/org/eclipse/platform/org.eclipse.core.runtime/maven-metadata.xml")
+        );
+        assert_eq!(metadata_url("org.example", ".."), None);
    }

    #[test]
@@ -389,6 +389,12 @@ impl Documents {
        self.apply_workspace_edit_inner(edit, true, &mut |_| Ok(()))
    }

+    /// [`Self::apply_workspace_edit`] for an agent's edit (the MCP server's tools): undoable the
+    /// same way, announced as an agent's (`by_agent`) rather than as a refactoring.
+    pub fn apply_agent_workspace_edit(&self, edit: &WorkspaceEdit) -> IdeResult<()> {
+        self.apply_workspace_edit_as(edit, true, true, &mut |_| Ok(()))
+    }
+
    /// File moves already own a combined move/reference undo record.
    pub fn apply_file_move_edits(&self, edit: &WorkspaceEdit) -> IdeResult<()> {
        self.apply_workspace_edit_inner(edit, false, &mut |_| Ok(()))
@@ -399,6 +405,16 @@ impl Documents {
        edit: &WorkspaceEdit,
        remember: bool,
        before_operation: &mut dyn FnMut(usize) -> IdeResult<()>,
+    ) -> IdeResult<()> {
+        self.apply_workspace_edit_as(edit, remember, false, before_operation)
+    }
+
+    fn apply_workspace_edit_as(
+        &self,
+        edit: &WorkspaceEdit,
+        remember: bool,
+        by_agent: bool,
+        before_operation: &mut dyn FnMut(usize) -> IdeResult<()>,
    ) -> IdeResult<()> {
        let _operation = self.operations.lock();
        if edit.files.is_empty() {
@@ -485,7 +501,7 @@ impl Documents {
                });
            }
            history.prune(SystemTime::now(), MAX_HISTORY_BYTES, MAX_HISTORY_AGE);
-            self.sink.emit(IdeEvent::WorkspaceEditApplied { id, paths: affected });
+            self.sink.emit(IdeEvent::WorkspaceEditApplied { id, paths: affected, by_agent });
        }
        Ok(())
    }
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ On your own messages you can **Edit** (the messages after it are replaced; files

 When an agent wants to run a command or call a tool that needs approval, the task shows the request and is listed as **Needs Input**. Choose one of the options the agent offers, such as **Allow Once**, **Allow for This Session**, **Always Allow**, **Decline**, **Always Decline** or **Decline and Stop**. Many agents also have a mode picker that approves edits or everything automatically; use it with care.

-Once an agent has run a task, new tasks start in its mode that approves everything (Claude Code's bypass permissions, Codex's Full Access), and the Command Execution Policy doesn't apply there. To start them in a mode that asks, set **Settings › Agents › Chat › New tasks start** to **Asking for approval**. Only your own settings choose this, never a project's.
+Once an agent has run a task, new tasks start in its mode that approves everything (Claude Code's bypass permissions, Codex's Full Access), and command permissions don't apply there. To start them in a mode that asks, set **Settings › Agents › Chat › New tasks start** to **Asking for approval**. Only your own settings choose this, never a project's.

 ### Review the changes

@@ -118,9 +118,20 @@ SQL completion knows the connected schema: tables after `FROM`/`JOIN` (with join

 ## Results and data editing

-Results appear in the **Services** tool window under the **Database** tab: an **Output** tab logs every statement, and each result set gets a **Result N** tab (up to 12).
+Results appear in the **Services** tool window under the **Database** tab: an **Output** tab logs every statement, and each result set gets a **Result N** tab (up to 12, pinned tabs excepted).

-Right-click a result tab (or focus it and press `Shift+F10`) for **Close**, **Close Others**, **Close All**, **Rename Tab**, **Select Next Tab** and **Select Previous Tab**. They act on the result tabs only; **Output** stays. Renamed titles last while the result is open.
+Running a console again replaces its previous results: its unpinned result tabs make way for the new run, which gets one tab per result set (**Result N**, or **Result N**, **Result N-2**, … when several selected statements return rows). A run with no result sets, such as an `UPDATE`, keeps the previous results. Results from other consoles stay.
+
+To keep a result, pin it with **Pin Tab** in the result tab's context menu or the pin button on the result toolbar; the tab's close button becomes a pin button that unpins it, so a stray click or middle-click can't close it, and later runs open new tabs instead. Rerunning or paging a pinned result updates it in place.
+
+<Warning>
+  Replacing a result discards changes you have not submitted in it. **Submit** or **Revert** them, or pin the tab,
+  before running the console again.
+</Warning>
+
+Right-click a result tab (or focus it and press `Shift+F10`) for **Close**, **Close Others**, **Close All**, **Close All but Pinned**, **Pin Tab** / **Unpin Tab**, **Rename Tab**, **Select Next Tab** and **Select Previous Tab**. They act on the result tabs only; **Output** stays. Renamed titles last until the result is closed or replaced.
+
+With focus on a result tab or inside a result, use `⇧⌘]` / `⇧⌘[` in the IntelliJ macOS keymap (`⌃→` / `⌃←` also work), or `Alt+→` / `Alt+←` in IntelliJ Windows/Linux. VS Code and Eclipse presets use their respective editor-tab navigation defaults. Switching focuses the destination result tab. Result navigation stays scoped to Results and is blocked while a menu or dialog is open. Customize database result shortcuts independently of editor shortcuts in **Settings › Keymap**.

 Closing a selected result activates its left neighbor, or its right neighbor if there is no result on the left. When no results remain, **Output** is selected. Closing an inactive result keeps the current selection.

@@ -18,14 +18,17 @@ Agent tasks started inside OpenIDEA (see [Agents](/en/guide/agents)) get the sam
  </Step>
 </Steps>

-The server listens on `127.0.0.1` only, on a random port, and every request must carry a token that changes each time OpenIDEA starts. Requests from another origin or host are refused.
+The server listens on `127.0.0.1` only, and every request must carry a bearer token. Requests from another origin or host are refused.
+
+- **Port.** By default it listens on the same port, 26371, in every run (**Use a fixed port** and **Port**), so HTTP clients and port forwards (an SSH tunnel to another machine, say) keep working after a restart. When the port is in use or reserved, that run takes a free port and **Status** says why. Turn **Use a fixed port** off for a free port in every run.
+- **Token.** By default the token changes each time OpenIDEA starts. Turn on **Keep the token** to keep one across runs, stored in OpenIDEA's application data for your account only; **Regenerate Token** replaces it, and clients configured with the old one stop working.

 ## Connect a client

 The settings page has two buttons under **Client configuration**. Both copy an `mcpServers` entry in the JSON format most clients accept.

 - **Copy Stdio Config** (recommended): the client starts OpenIDEA's executable with `--mcp-stdio`, which relays to the running IDE. It holds no token and keeps working after OpenIDEA restarts.
- **Copy HTTP Config**: the client connects to `http://127.0.0.1:<port>/mcp` with `Authorization: Bearer <token>`. It stops working when OpenIDEA restarts, because the port and token change.
+- **Copy HTTP Config**: the client connects to `http://127.0.0.1:<port>/mcp` with `Authorization: Bearer <token>`. It keeps working after OpenIDEA restarts only with a fixed port and a kept token; otherwise copy it again after each restart.

 The stdio configuration looks like this (the path is the one on your machine):

@@ -85,8 +88,10 @@ While the server runs, OpenIDEA writes its port and token to `mcp/server.json` i
 | Search        | `search_text`, `search_regex`, `search_symbol`, `search_file`               |
 | Editors       | `get_all_open_file_paths`, `get_current_file`, `open_file_in_editor`        |
 | Code          | `get_symbol_info`, `find_references`, `rename_refactoring`, `reformat_file` |
-| Problems      | `get_file_problems`, `get_project_problems`                                 |
+| Problems      | `get_file_problems`, `get_project_problems`, `check_files`                  |
 | Run and build | `get_run_configurations`, `execute_run_configuration`, `build_project`      |
+| Commands      | `run_command`, `wait_for_run`, `send_run_input`, `stop_run`                 |
+| Command state | `get_run_status`, `read_run_output`, `list_runs`                            |
 | Git           | `get_repositories`, `git_status`, `git_diff`                                |

 Notes on what they do:
@@ -94,16 +99,28 @@ Notes on what they do:
 - `read_file` also reads sources of dependencies and files inside jar and zip archives.
 - `search_symbol` and `find_references` use the IDE's index and the language servers; `get_symbol_info` returns what Quick Documentation shows.
 - `get_file_problems` and `get_project_problems` return what the Problems tool window shows, after your inspection profile is applied, rather than a fresh analysis.
+- `check_files` is the fresh analysis, for after an edit made by any tool: it syncs each file from disk, tells its language servers it was saved (so on-save checks such as `cargo check` run) and waits until they answered and finished. Each file gets a `status` that says whether the problems are complete, or why it could not be checked: no language server for it, or one that is not installed, misconfigured or crashed.
 - `rename_refactoring` renames through the language server, so references that a text search would miss are updated too. It can preview without writing.
 - `apply_patch` accepts the Codex `apply_patch` format and unified diffs. Paths must stay inside the project.
 - `git_diff` compares files on disk, so unsaved editor text is not included.

+## Commands in the Run tool window
+
+`run_command` runs a shell command line in a tab of the Run tool window, with the shell of **Settings › Tools › Terminal**. The agent names the tab and OpenIDEA shows it as `_agent_<name>`, so you see the output as it comes and can type into the command, rerun it or stop it like any run.
+
+As JetBrains IDEs do, the command runs on pipes, not a terminal: programs print plain lines instead of progress bars and redraws. The agent gets that output cleaned of escape sequences and cut to 2000 lines (`maxLinesCount`); beyond that the end stays, or the start or both ends with `truncateMode`. The tab's raw output log stays complete.
+
+- **One tab per name.** A name whose command finished runs the next command in the same tab. A name whose command is still running is refused, with that command and its last output: the agent has to stop it with `stop_run` first or pick another name. Nothing is stopped behind your back.
+- **Following a command up.** `wait_for_run` waits for the command to end or for a pattern in its output (a server's "listening" line), `read_run_output` reads the output from any point, `get_run_status` tells whether it is running, succeeded, failed, crashed or was stopped by the agent or by you, and `send_run_input` writes text and Enter to its input; Ctrl+C stops it and Ctrl+D ends its input.
+- **You can step in.** What you type into the tab's input line, a rerun, a Stop and closing the tab are reported to the agent with their time. A wait ends at once, and the agent is advised to stop what it is doing, tell you it received the intervention and wait for your confirmation.
+- **Finished tabs are greyed out.** Beyond **Finished agent tabs to show** (1 by default) the oldest finished ones move to an archive at the end of the tab strip, shown as **Archived (n)**. Beyond **Archived agent tabs to keep** (999) the oldest archived ones are closed. Running commands are never archived or closed. Both settings are on **Settings › Agents › IDE MCP Server**.
+
 Plugins can add more tools; they appear in the same list. A plugin tool marked as destructive asks for confirmation the same way.

 ## Safety

 - **Untrusted projects** expose only the read-only tools. Tools that write files, rename, reformat, build or run need a project you have trusted.
- **Running and building ask first.** `execute_run_configuration` and `build_project` show a dialog in OpenIDEA naming the client, the project, the tool and what will run. Choose **Allow** or **Deny**; several requests queue up.
+- **Running and building ask first.** `execute_run_configuration`, `build_project` and `run_command` show a dialog in OpenIDEA naming the client, the project, the tool and what will run. Choose **Allow** or **Deny**; several requests queue up.
 - Tools that write refuse paths outside the project.

 ## Limits