chore: merge main into codex/audit-elf-facts

* test(ghidra): keep the bridge context contract out of an empty suite

Source tests collect src/ghidra/GhidraFunctionValues.test.ts directly.
The empty describe failed that file with "No test found in suite" even
though every shard passed. Assert the bridge bindings at file level.

* test(ghidra): retire superseded source-text context assertions

Co-authored-by: gensokyo-dev <[email protected]>

---------

Co-authored-by: Cursor Agent <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: N0zoM1z0 <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: gensokyo-dev <[email protected]>

.github/workflows/ghidra-bridge-sources.yml

@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ jobs:
           node-version-file: .nvmrc
       - name: Validate the SDK pin against the provider's verified release
         run: node scripts/verify-ghidra-bridge-sources.mjs --check-sdk-pin >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
-      # The bridge probe imports only source-owned ARM/Thumb bytes and never
+      # The bridge probe imports only source-owned ARM, Thumb and MIPS bytes and never
       # executes target code. All SDK/project state stays in runner storage.
       - name: Acquire checksum-verified Ghidra SDK in isolated runner storage
         shell: bash
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ jobs:
           java_home_variable="JAVA_HOME_${GHIDRA_JAVA_MAJOR}_X64"
           test -n "${!java_home_variable}"
           JAVA_HOME="${!java_home_variable}" npm run verify:ghidra:bridge-sources -- --verified-sdk
-      - name: Inspect real ARM and Thumb instruction context through the bridge
+      - name: Inspect real ARM, Thumb and MIPS instruction context through the bridge
         shell: bash
         run: |
           java_home_variable="JAVA_HOME_${GHIDRA_JAVA_MAJOR}_X64"
@@ -58,10 +58,21 @@ jobs:
             -import "${probe_root}/arm-thumb.bin" -loader BinaryLoader -processor ARM:LE:32:v7 \
             -noanalysis -readOnly -deleteProject \
             -scriptPath "${GITHUB_WORKSPACE}/tests/conformance/ghidra;${GITHUB_WORKSPACE}/bridge/ghidra" \
-            -postScript ReaArmContextProbe.java "${GITHUB_WORKSPACE}/bridge/ghidra" \
+            -postScript ReaInstructionContextProbe.java "${GITHUB_WORKSPACE}/bridge/ghidra" \
             > "${probe_root}/output.log" 2>&1 || { cat "${probe_root}/output.log"; exit 1; }
           cat "${probe_root}/output.log"
           grep -F 'REA_ARM_CONTEXT_OK arm=0 thumb=1 unavailable=null (injected provider value)' "${probe_root}/output.log"
+          mkdir -p "${probe_root}/mips-project"
+          # MIPS32 addiu v0,a0,3; MIPS16 li v0,90. These bytes are never executed.
+          printf '\003\000\202\044\132\152\000\000' > "${probe_root}/mips.bin"
+          timeout 180s "${GHIDRA_INSTALL_DIR}/support/analyzeHeadless" "${probe_root}/mips-project" MipsContext \
+            -import "${probe_root}/mips.bin" -loader BinaryLoader -processor MIPS:LE:32:default \
+            -noanalysis -readOnly -deleteProject \
+            -scriptPath "${GITHUB_WORKSPACE}/tests/conformance/ghidra;${GITHUB_WORKSPACE}/bridge/ghidra" \
+            -postScript ReaInstructionContextProbe.java "${GITHUB_WORKSPACE}/bridge/ghidra" mips \
+            > "${probe_root}/mips-output.log" 2>&1 || { cat "${probe_root}/mips-output.log"; exit 1; }
+          cat "${probe_root}/mips-output.log"
+          grep -F 'REA_MIPS_CONTEXT_OK standard=0 mips16=1' "${probe_root}/mips-output.log"
       # Each probe imports source-owned bytes at 0x1000, away from the Cortex-M
       # vector symbols that ARMCortex.pspec defines at 0, and decodes them from
       # the language's default context, so M-profile Thumb state must hold at

bridge/pwntools/layout_impl.py

@@ -135,13 +135,25 @@ def inspect_elf(path, cache):
     from pwnlib.context import context
     with context.local(cache_dir=str(cache), log_level="warning"):
         from elftools.common.exceptions import ELFError
+        from elftools.common.utils import struct_parse
         from elftools.elf.elffile import ELFFile
         from pwnlib.elf import ELF
         try:
             headers = ELFFile(io.BytesIO(content))
             section_count = headers.num_sections()
             if section_count:
+                if headers.header.e_shentsize < headers.structs.Elf_Shdr.sizeof():
+                    raise LayoutFailure("format", "ELF section-header entry is shorter than the required structure.")
                 location(headers.header.e_shoff, section_count * headers.header.e_shentsize, len(content))
+            # Upstream string/symbol/relocation access reads stored stream bytes,
+            # while this profile reports logical names and file coordinates.
+            # Admit those encodings before LayoutELF populates convenience maps.
+            for index in range(section_count):
+                raw_header = struct_parse(headers.structs.Elf_Shdr, headers.stream,
+                                          stream_pos=headers.header.e_shoff + index * headers.header.e_shentsize)
+                if raw_header.sh_flags & 0x800 and raw_header.sh_type in (
+                        "SHT_STRTAB", "SHT_SYMTAB", "SHT_DYNSYM", "SHT_REL", "SHT_RELA", "SHT_RELR", "SHT_DYNAMIC"):
+                    raise LayoutFailure("unsupported-target", f"ELF section {index} ({raw_header.sh_type}) is SHF_COMPRESSED; logical metadata and its source coordinates are not decoded by this profile.")
             segment_count = headers.num_segments()
             if segment_count:
                 location(headers.header.e_phoff, segment_count * headers.header.e_phentsize, len(content))

bridge/pwntools/test_layout.py

@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+"""Producer admission regressions; no pwntools imports or target execution."""
+from contextlib import nullcontext
+import importlib.metadata
+from pathlib import Path
+import runpy
+import sys
+import tempfile
+import types
+import unittest
+from unittest.mock import patch
+
+
+layout = runpy.run_path(str(Path(__file__).with_name("layout_impl.py")))
+
+
+class UpstreamReached(RuntimeError):
+    pass
+
+
+class LayoutStorageTests(unittest.TestCase):
+    def inspect(self, section_type, flags, section_stride=64):
+        class Headers:
+            header = types.SimpleNamespace(e_shoff=64, e_shentsize=section_stride, e_shstrndx=0)
+            structs = types.SimpleNamespace(Elf_Shdr=types.SimpleNamespace(sizeof=lambda: 64))
+            stream = object()
+
+            def num_sections(self): return 2
+            def num_segments(self): return 0
+            def get_shstrndx(self): return 0
+            def _get_section_header(self, index):
+                return types.SimpleNamespace(sh_type="SHT_NULL" if index == 0 else section_type,
+                                             sh_flags=0 if index == 0 else flags)
+
+        class Elf:
+            def __init__(self, *_args, **_kwargs):
+                raise UpstreamReached("No artifact decoding or emulation is allowed in this test")
+
+        modules = {name: types.ModuleType(name) for name in (
+            "pwnlib", "pwnlib.context", "pwnlib.elf", "elftools", "elftools.common",
+            "elftools.common.exceptions", "elftools.common.utils", "elftools.elf", "elftools.elf.elffile")}
+        modules["pwnlib.context"].context = types.SimpleNamespace(local=lambda **_kwargs: nullcontext())
+        modules["pwnlib.elf"].ELF = Elf
+        modules["elftools.common.exceptions"].ELFError = type("ELFError", (Exception,), {})
+        modules["elftools.elf.elffile"].ELFFile = lambda _stream: Headers()
+        modules["elftools.common.utils"].struct_parse = lambda _struct, _stream, stream_pos: Headers()._get_section_header((stream_pos - 64) // max(section_stride, 1))
+        content = bytearray(64 + 2 * max(section_stride, 64))
+        content[:7] = b"\x7fELF\x02\x01\x01"
+        content[16:18] = (1).to_bytes(2, "little")  # ET_REL
+        content[18:20] = (62).to_bytes(2, "little")
+        content[40:48] = (64).to_bytes(8, "little")
+        content[58:60] = section_stride.to_bytes(2, "little")
+        content[60:62] = (2).to_bytes(2, "little")
+        with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as directory:
+            snapshot = Path(directory) / "object.snapshot"
+            snapshot.write_bytes(content)
+            with patch.dict(sys.modules, modules), patch.object(importlib.metadata, "version", side_effect=layout["PACKAGES"].__getitem__):
+                return layout["inspect_elf"](snapshot, Path(directory) / "cache")
+
+    def test_compressed_interpreted_storage_refuses_before_upstream_decoding(self):
+        for section_type in ("SHT_STRTAB", "SHT_SYMTAB", "SHT_DYNSYM", "SHT_REL", "SHT_RELA", "SHT_RELR", "SHT_DYNAMIC"):
+            with self.subTest(section_type=section_type):
+                with self.assertRaises(layout["LayoutFailure"]) as raised:
+                    self.inspect(section_type, 0x800)
+                self.assertEqual(raised.exception.reason, "unsupported-target")
+                self.assertIn("SHF_COMPRESSED", str(raised.exception))
+                with self.assertRaises(UpstreamReached):
+                    self.inspect(section_type, 0)
+
+    def test_uninterpreted_compressed_payload_does_not_change_admission(self):
+        with self.assertRaises(UpstreamReached):
+            self.inspect("SHT_PROGBITS", 0x800)
+
+    def test_short_section_header_stride_refuses_before_raw_header_scan(self):
+        for stride in (0, 1, 63):
+            with self.subTest(stride=stride):
+                with self.assertRaises(layout["LayoutFailure"]) as raised:
+                    self.inspect("SHT_PROGBITS", 0, stride)
+                self.assertEqual(raised.exception.reason, "format")
+                self.assertIn("section-header entry", str(raised.exception))
+        for stride in (64, 96):
+            with self.subTest(stride=stride):
+                with self.assertRaises(UpstreamReached):
+                    self.inspect("SHT_PROGBITS", 0, stride)
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    unittest.main()

docs/guides/native/binary-diagnostics.md

@@ -44,6 +44,11 @@ before dependency seeks. Structural inventory and the convenience-map engine
 still parse the snapshot separately; eliminating that remaining duplication
 requires preserving the upstream GOT/PLT and mitigation facts.
 
+The layout profile returns `unsupported_target` for `SHF_COMPRESSED` string,
+symbol, relocation or dynamic metadata sections before upstream convenience-map
+decoding. Their logical names and entry coordinates cannot be read from the
+compressed file bytes. Other compressed payload sections remain opaque.
+
 ## Interpreting results
 
 - Artifact path, SHA-256 and size identify original selected bytes. All parsing
@@ -478,6 +483,13 @@ section directory with neither a dynamic symbol table nor a dynamic segment
 reports a complete empty inventory. Mach-O exports are reported by
 `inspect_macho`.
 
+ELF export tables marked `SHF_COMPRESSED` are not decompressed. A compressed
+dynamic symbol table or its string table reports `unsupported` coverage rather
+than treating stored bytes as symbols or names. Compressed version tables or
+their string tables keep readable export rows with `partial` coverage and
+unresolved versions. When version definition storage is compressed, requirement
+names also remain unknown because unseen definitions may override them.
+
 `max_file_bytes` defaults to 256 MiB (maximum 512 MiB; CLI `--max-file-bytes`).
 Export directories in PE headers are read like those in sections. An export or
 dynamic symbol table above 262144 entries, more than 262144 rows, or more than

docs/guides/native/elf-unwind-ranges.md

@@ -173,5 +173,12 @@ on one page share a fixed 16 MiB text allowance; a page that exceeds it fails
 with a resource error whose recovery is a smaller `limit`, because
 `max_ranges` and `max_file_bytes` do not raise it.
 
+Compressed symbol or name tables and symbol-table links that do not name a
+file-backed `SHT_STRTAB` section leave symbol names unknown and coverage
+incomplete; decoded FDE ranges remain available.
+
+A compressed dynamic section cannot supply `DT_PLTGOT`. Without another
+observed GOT base, affected data-relative unwind pointers remain unresolved.
+
 Malformed ELF headers fail without partial success. This workflow does not
 execute the image, evaluate CFA programs, or follow indirect pointers.

docs/guides/native/native-initializers.md

@@ -150,6 +150,11 @@ A symbol name that cannot be read, because its string table is missing or its
 offset lies outside the table, is reported as no name and makes the report
 `incomplete` with a counted limitation. Name offset 0 is the empty name.
 
+ELF sections marked `SHF_COMPRESSED` are not decoded as initializer slots,
+symbols, names or relocation records. Affected facts remain unresolved and
+coverage is incomplete; other readable tables remain available. An explicit
+`DT_SYMTAB` must identify the decoded symbol table used for dynamic relocations.
+
 The dynamic relocation tables are read in steps that yield to other work and
 observe cancellation, so a large `DT_RELR` table does not block the server.
 

docs/specs/README.md

@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@ for new work, roadmap granularity and producer-owned contracts.
 - [Native call source coordinates](native/call-source-locations/spec.md) ([plan](native/call-source-locations/plan.md), [tasks](native/call-source-locations/tasks.md), [verification](native/call-source-locations/verification.md))
 - [Go static string-header literal recovery](native/go-string-literals/spec.md) ([plan](native/go-string-literals/plan.md), [tasks](native/go-string-literals/tasks.md))
 - [Windows Shell Link shortcut inspection](native/windows-shortcut/spec.md) ([plan](native/windows-shortcut/plan.md), [tasks](native/windows-shortcut/tasks.md))
+- [NTFS $MFT and USN Journal inspection](native/ntfs-mft/spec.md) ([plan](native/ntfs-mft/plan.md), [tasks](native/ntfs-mft/tasks.md))
 - [Solidity terminal metadata inspection](solidity/cbor-metadata/spec.md) ([plan](solidity/cbor-metadata/plan.md), [tasks](solidity/cbor-metadata/tasks.md), [verification](solidity/cbor-metadata/verification.md))
 - [Inspect a V8 code cache container](v8/code-cache-inspection/spec.md) ([plan](v8/code-cache-inspection/plan.md), [tasks](v8/code-cache-inspection/tasks.md))
 - [Deno compile executable inventory and extraction](artifacts/deno-standalone/spec.md) ([plan](artifacts/deno-standalone/plan.md), [tasks](artifacts/deno-standalone/tasks.md))

docs/specs/native/ntfs-mft/plan.md

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+# Implementation plan
+
+## Boundary and contract
+
+Follow the existing artifact readers. `src/domain/windows/ntfsMft.ts` owns FILE
+record bytes and coverage; `src/domain/artifactFormatMetadata.ts` owns the
+`ntfs-mft` result schema. `NtfsMftArtifactReader` reads the admitted file
+through `ArtifactFileSource` and exposes its facts through `formatMetadata()`.
+A record stream is its own content, so the root occurrence carries every fact
+and no members are enumerated.
+
+Recognition lives in `hasMftFileRecordSignature` and is applied in
+`classifyArtifactBytes`, next to the other unambiguous magic probes.
+
+## Incremental work and validation
+
+1. Define the first-step contract, limits and observations; add parser fixtures.
+2. Implement the FILE record header and update-sequence fixup parse with
+   explicit limitations.
+3. Add the reader, format descriptor and byte classification.
+4. Decode attribute records, then `$FILE_NAME` attributes so a record's parent
+   reference, names and timestamps become explicit; keep hard links separate.
+5. Parse `$UsnJrnl:$J` records and correlate them to records by full file
+   reference, including sequence numbers, reporting unresolved references.
+6. Document the workflow in a native Windows artifact guide.
+
+## Effects and compatibility
+
+The workflow reads one caller-selected local file. It adds no target execution,
+injection, mutation, protection recovery, network access, volume mount or live
+filesystem access, so no maintainer scope decision is required.
+`inspect_artifact` routing for every existing format is unchanged, and the new
+format id appears only for bytes whose first record carries the `FILE`
+signature.
+
+## References
+
+- https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/fileio/master-file-table
+- https://github.com/libyal/libfsntfs/blob/main/documentation/New%20Technologies%20File%20System%20(NTFS).asciidoc

docs/specs/native/ntfs-mft/spec.md

@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+# NTFS $MFT and USN Journal inspection
+
+This specification records an implementation increment and its original problem
+statement. For current behavior and limitations, see the artifact inventory
+guide.
+
+## Problem and outcome
+
+REA has no reader for acquired NTFS metadata artifacts. An analyst holding a
+captured `$MFT` stream cannot ask which FILE records it contains, whether their
+update-sequence fixups survived acquisition, or which records are directories,
+extensions of another record, or no longer in use. Add offline, read-only
+inventory of a selected `$MFT` file, delivered in steps so each one merges on
+its own.
+
+## Requirements
+
+- Recognize a `$MFT` stream by a plausible first `FILE` record header under
+  any file name. CLI and MCP target admission route it to the artifact reader.
+- Validate each FILE record header: the `FILE` signature, sequence number, flags,
+  used and total byte counts, base record reference, and the update-sequence
+  array's offset, count and array bounds.
+- Verify the update-sequence fixups: every sector trailer the array covers must
+  hold the array's sequence number. A mismatch keeps the record's header facts
+  and is reported per record and in the metadata count.
+- Report a missing, misplaced or short update-sequence array as unverified
+  rather than as a clean record, and a trailing partial record as a byte count.
+- Report the first invalid record signature and the number of invalid slots.
+  Continue at the next slot when the stream declared a supported record size.
+  With a fallback record size, stop at the first invalid signature.
+- Bound the whole file at a fixed 512 MiB ceiling and report the ceiling as a
+  `limit` failure with its boundary.
+- Return the first 32 decoded record headers with their source offsets and the
+  number of omitted headers. Aggregate counts cover the full parsed stream.
+- Parse only the records' headers and fixups. Attributes, filenames, data
+  streams and the `$UsnJrnl:$J` journal are not decoded in this step, so no path,
+  file size, file reference correlation or change history is claimed.
+
+## Acceptance
+
+Synthesized fixtures cover a clean record, a failed fixup, a missing update
+sequence array, an array shorter than the record's sector count, extension and
+directory records, a record whose signature is wrong mid-stream, a trailing
+partial record, an undeclared record size, a 4 KiB record, a stream shorter than
+one header, bytes without the `FILE` signature, and the file-size ceiling.
+Inventory tests cover the root occurrence's metadata and the coverage status
+when a fixup fails, and classification tests cover several file names for the
+same bytes.
+
+Not covered in this step: real `$MFT` files written by a Windows host, USN
+journal records, attribute decoding, and any correlation between the two.

docs/specs/native/ntfs-mft/tasks.md

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+# Tasks
+
+- [x] Define the first-step scope, contract and limits.
+- [x] Parse FILE record headers and update-sequence fixups with synthesized
+      fixtures and explicit limitations.
+- [x] Add the reader, format descriptor and byte classification.
+- [ ] Decode attribute records, then `$FILE_NAME` attributes with parent
+      references, names, hard links and timestamps.
+- [ ] Parse `$UsnJrnl:$J` records and correlate them to records by full file
+      reference.
+- [ ] Verify against real `$MFT` and journal captures from a Windows host.

scripts/ci/scopes.mjs

@@ -636,7 +636,7 @@ const PATH_SCOPES = {
     "src/ghidra/GhidraJavaProperties.ts",
     "src/ghidra/GhidraReleasePolicy.ts",
     "scripts/verify-ghidra-bridge-sources.mjs",
-    "tests/conformance/ghidra/ReaArmContextProbe.java",
+    "tests/conformance/ghidra/ReaInstructionContextProbe.java",
     "tests/conformance/ghidra/ReaComputedCallCoverageProbe.java",
     "tests/conformance/ghidra/ReaDecodeProbe.java",
     ".github/workflows/ghidra-bridge-sources.yml",

scripts/verify-qlog-captures.mjs

@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ transport.stderr?.on("data", (bytes) => {
 const ajv = new Ajv2020({ strict: false, validateFormats: false });
 const measurements = [];
 const contract = toolContract("inspect_web_network_capture");
-await withVerifierCleanup(async () => {
+const report = await withVerifierCleanup(async () => {
   try {
     await client.connect(transport);
   } catch (cause) {
@@ -196,7 +196,7 @@ await withVerifierCleanup(async () => {
     });
   }
   await client.ping();
-  const report = {
+  return {
     status: "passed",
     profile: "aioquic-1.5.0-json-0.3",
     measurements,
@@ -206,17 +206,6 @@ await withVerifierCleanup(async () => {
       "No PCAP or keylog is read by this verifier; repeated STREAM coverage is not proof of retransmission or network loss.",
     ],
   };
-  await writeFile(reportPath, JSON.stringify(report, null, 2) + "\n", {
-    flag: "wx",
-    mode: 0o600,
-  });
-  console.log(
-    JSON.stringify({
-      status: report.status,
-      cases: measurements.length,
-      report: reportPath,
-    }),
-  );
 }, [
   async () => {
     await closeVerifierResources([
@@ -225,3 +214,15 @@ await withVerifierCleanup(async () => {
     ]);
   },
 ]);
+
+await writeFile(reportPath, JSON.stringify(report, null, 2) + "\n", {
+  flag: "wx",
+  mode: 0o600,
+});
+console.log(
+  JSON.stringify({
+    status: report.status,
+    cases: measurements.length,
+    report: reportPath,
+  }),
+);

src/application/BinaryTargetResolver.ts

@@ -97,6 +97,7 @@ import {
   isDfuSeFile,
 } from "../domain/firmware/dfuse.js";
 import { hasFitImagesNode } from "../domain/firmware/fitImage.js";
+import { hasMftFileRecordHeader } from "../domain/windows/ntfsMft.js";
 import {
   locateEspFlashLayout,
   type EspFlashSelection,
@@ -816,6 +817,7 @@ const detectArtifactFormat = async (
     });
   if (esp === "esp-image") return "esp-image";
   if (hasFitImagesNode(magic)) return "fit";
+  if (hasMftFileRecordHeader(magic)) return "ntfs-mft";
   // Binary plists, including keyed archives, often use other extensions.
   if (hasBinaryPlistSignature(magic)) return "plist";
   const named = namedArtifactFormat(lower);
@@ -899,6 +901,7 @@ const isArchiveFormat = (
     "dfuse",
     "esp-flash-image",
     "fit",
+    "ntfs-mft",
   ].includes(format);
 
 /** Whether the leading bytes begin any executable header family, valid or not. */

src/application/ReferenceSourceImportEntries.test.ts

@@ -3,10 +3,7 @@ import { createHash } from "node:crypto";
 import { expect, it } from "vitest";
 
 import { parseReferenceSourceEntries } from "./ReferenceSourceImportEntries.js";
-import {
-  historicalSourceInventoryHasPartialFacts,
-  historicalSourceLanguages,
-} from "../domain/referenceSourceGraph.js";
+import { historicalSourceLanguages } from "../domain/referenceSourceGraph.js";
 import type { ReferenceSourceRead } from "../reference/ReferenceSourceReaderTypes.js";
 
 it("projects an unsupported non-regular entry as unknown kind instead of file", () => {
@@ -101,100 +98,6 @@ it("keeps source entries when a module has an empty specifier", () => {
   expect(parsed.limitations[0]).toMatch(/not recorded.*relationship/iu);
 });
 
-it("resolves immediately invoked loaders from their proven source bases", () => {
-  const files = [
-    [
-      "main.cjs",
-      '(() => require)()("./dep.cjs"); (() => () => {})()("./local.cjs");',
-    ],
-    [
-      "main.mjs",
-      [
-        'import {createRequire} from "node:module";',
-        'createRequire(new URL("./sub/base.cjs", import.meta.url))("./dep.cjs");',
-        'createRequire(new URL("./sub/base.cjs", import.meta.url)).call(null, "./member.cjs");',
-      ].join("\n"),
-    ],
-    ["dep.cjs", ""],
-    ["sub/dep.cjs", ""],
-    ["member.cjs", ""],
-    ["sub/member.cjs", ""],
-  ] as const;
-  const parsed = parseReferenceSourceEntries(
-    {
-      root: "/selected/source",
-      entries: files.map(([path, content]) => ({
-        status: "read",
-        kind: "file",
-        path,
-        bytes: Buffer.from(content),
-        size: Buffer.byteLength(content),
-      })),
-      bytesRead: files.reduce(
-        (sum, [, content]) => sum + Buffer.byteLength(content),
-        0,
-      ),
-      limitations: [],
-    },
-    [],
-  );
-  expect(
-    parsed.relationships.filter(({ kind }) => kind === "requires"),
-  ).toEqual([
-    {
-      from_path: "main.cjs",
-      to: "dep.cjs",
-      kind: "requires",
-      resolution: "internal",
-      parse_state: "parsed",
-    },
-    {
-      from_path: "main.mjs",
-      to: "sub/dep.cjs",
-      kind: "requires",
-      resolution: "internal",
-      parse_state: "parsed",
-    },
-  ]);
-});
-
-it.each([
-  ["function load(name) { require(name); }", true],
-  ["function load(require, name) { require(name); }", false],
-  ["require(7); require();", false],
-] as const)(
-  "reports unresolved CommonJS target coverage for %s",
-  (source, partial) => {
-    const bytes = Buffer.from(source);
-    const parsed = parseReferenceSourceEntries(
-      {
-        root: "/selected/source",
-        entries: [
-          {
-            status: "read",
-            kind: "file",
-            path: "main.cjs",
-            bytes,
-            size: bytes.length,
-          },
-        ],
-        bytesRead: bytes.length,
-        limitations: [],
-      },
-      [],
-    );
-    expect(parsed.relationships).toEqual([]);
-    expect(
-      historicalSourceInventoryHasPartialFacts({
-        ...parsed,
-        parse_failures: parsed.parseFailures,
-        exclusions: [],
-      }),
-    ).toBe(partial);
-    expect(parsed.entries[0]?.limitations).toEqual(parsed.limitations);
-  },
-);
-
 it("retains Kotlin source identity and language across the inventory projection", () => {
   const files = [
     [

src/application/binary/TargetFormatVocabularies.test.ts

@@ -135,6 +135,7 @@ const TARGETS: TargetFixtures = {
     espFlash: { selected: true, flashOffset: null, partitionTableOffset: null },
   },
   fit: { ...archive, format: "fit" },
+  "ntfs-mft": { ...archive, format: "ntfs-mft" },
   plist: { ...artifact, format: "plist" },
   javascript: { ...artifact, format: "javascript" },
   "source-map": { ...artifact, format: "source-map" },

src/artifacts/ArtifactReader.ts

@@ -215,6 +215,7 @@ export interface ArtifactReader {
     | "dfuse"
     | "esp-flash-image"
     | "fit"
+    | "ntfs-mft"
     | "file";
   entries(
     signal?: AbortSignal,

src/artifacts/DecodedRegionArtifactReader.ts

@@ -18,7 +18,10 @@ import {
   type ArtifactTraversalOptions,
 } from "./ArtifactReader.js";
 import { ArtifactResourceScope } from "./ArtifactResourceScope.js";
-import { assertArtifactReadActive } from "./ArtifactFileOperation.js";
+import {
+  artifactReadCancelledBy,
+  assertArtifactReadActive,
+} from "./ArtifactFileOperation.js";
 import { ArtifactFileSource } from "./ArtifactFileSource.js";
 import { readFileHandleChunks } from "../filesystem/readFileHandleChunks.js";
 import type { StableRegularFileDescriptor } from "../filesystem/RegularFile.js";
@@ -64,12 +67,14 @@ export const regionFileName = (start: number, end: number): string =>
  */
 export class DecodedRegionArtifactReader<Image> implements ArtifactReader {
   readonly #scope = new ArtifactResourceScope();
-  readonly #entries = new Map<string, ArtifactEntry>();
-  readonly #regions = new Map<string, Uint8Array>();
+  #entries = new Map<string, ArtifactEntry>();
+  #regions = new Map<string, Uint8Array>();
   readonly #streams = new Set<Readable>();
   readonly #source: ArtifactFileSource;
   readonly #decoding: RegionDecoding<Image>;
-  #prepared: Promise<void> | undefined;
+  #prepared:
+    | { signal: AbortSignal | undefined; promise: Promise<void> }
+    | undefined;
   /** Whole-file facts only; the region map is the sole owner of region bytes. */
   #described: Omit<DecodedRegions, "regions"> | undefined;
   #closing = false;
@@ -110,8 +115,27 @@ export class DecodedRegionArtifactReader<Image> implements ArtifactReader {
   ): AsyncIterable<ArtifactEntry> {
     await this.#scope.run(async () => {
       this.#assertOpen(signal);
-      this.#prepared ??= this.#prepare(signal);
-      await this.#prepared;
+      for (;;) {
+        const pending = (this.#prepared ??= {
+          signal,
+          promise: this.#prepare(signal),
+        });
+        try {
+          await pending.promise;
+          break;
+        } catch (cause: unknown) {
+          if (this.#prepared === pending) this.#prepared = undefined;
+          if (
+            pending.signal !== signal &&
+            signal?.aborted !== true &&
+            artifactReadCancelledBy(cause, pending.signal)
+          ) {
+            this.#assertOpen(signal);
+            continue;
+          }
+          throw cause;
+        }
+      }
       await this.#source.read(signal);
     });
     const coverage = this.#described?.coverage;
@@ -230,6 +254,8 @@ export class DecodedRegionArtifactReader<Image> implements ArtifactReader {
 
   async #prepare(signal?: AbortSignal): Promise<void> {
     const described = this.#decoding.describe(await this.#decode(signal));
+    const entries = new Map<string, ArtifactEntry>();
+    const regions = new Map<string, Uint8Array>();
     let index = 0;
     for (const region of described.regions) {
       if (index % 256 === 0) await setImmediate();
@@ -248,13 +274,16 @@ export class DecodedRegionArtifactReader<Image> implements ArtifactReader {
         adapterKey: `${this.#decoding.keyPrefix}:${String(index)}`,
         formatMetadata: region.formatMetadata,
       } satisfies ArtifactEntry;
-      this.#entries.set(entry.adapterKey, entry);
-      this.#regions.set(entry.adapterKey, region.bytes);
+      entries.set(entry.adapterKey, entry);
+      regions.set(entry.adapterKey, region.bytes);
       index += 1;
     }
     const { regions: _regions, ...facts } = described;
-    this.#described = facts;
     await this.#source.read(signal);
+    this.#assertOpen(signal);
+    this.#entries = entries;
+    this.#regions = regions;
+    this.#described = facts;
   }
 
   async #decode(signal?: AbortSignal): Promise<Image> {

src/artifacts/FitArtifactReader.test.ts

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import { artifactPreparationRecoveryCases } from "../../tests/fixtures/artifactReaderLifecycle.js";
 import { getEventListeners, once } from "node:events";
 import { readFile, truncate, writeFile } from "node:fs/promises";
 import { join } from "node:path";
@@ -404,6 +405,38 @@ it("keeps the cancellation reason before admission", async () => {
   }
 });
 
+it("does not publish FIT entries when final source verification fails", async () => {
+  const path = await writeFit("partial-publication.itb", FIT_EMBEDDED);
+  const control = new FitArtifactReader(path);
+  const reader = new FitArtifactReader(path);
+  const expected = await firstEntry(control);
+  const nativeRead = ArtifactFileSource.prototype.read;
+  const physical = Object.assign(
+    new Error("final source verification failed"),
+    { code: "EIO" },
+  );
+  let calls = 0;
+  const read = vi
+    .spyOn(ArtifactFileSource.prototype, "read")
+    .mockImplementation(function (this: ArtifactFileSource, ...args) {
+      calls += 1;
+      if (calls === 4) return Promise.reject(physical);
+      return nativeRead.apply(this, args);
+    });
+  try {
+    await expect(firstEntry(reader)).rejects.toBe(physical);
+    await expect(reader.open(expected)).rejects.toMatchObject({
+      reason: "integrity",
+    });
+    read.mockRestore();
+    expect((await firstEntry(reader)).path).toBe(expected.path);
+  } finally {
+    read.mockRestore();
+    await reader.close();
+    await control.close();
+  }
+});
+
 it("keeps the cancellation reason during hash verification", async () => {
   const reader = new FitArtifactReader(
     await writeFit("hashing.itb", LARGE_FIT),
@@ -430,6 +463,8 @@ it("keeps the cancellation reason during hash verification", async () => {
       reader.entries(controller.signal)[Symbol.asyncIterator]().next(),
     ).rejects.toMatchObject({ reason: "cancelled", cause: reason });
     expect(observer).toHaveBeenCalledWith("sha256");
+    observer.mockRestore();
+    expect((await firstEntry(reader)).kind).toBe("file");
   } finally {
     observer.mockRestore();
     await reader.close();
@@ -569,3 +604,8 @@ it("preserves a final validation failure when cancellation overlaps it", async (
     await reader.close();
   }
 });
+
+artifactPreparationRecoveryCases({
+  image: () => FIT_EMBEDDED,
+  createReader: (path, admitted) => new FitArtifactReader(path, admitted),
+});

src/artifacts/FitArtifactReader.ts

@@ -13,7 +13,10 @@ import {
   type ArtifactTraversalOptions,
 } from "./ArtifactReader.js";
 import { ArtifactResourceScope } from "./ArtifactResourceScope.js";
-import { assertArtifactReadActive } from "./ArtifactFileOperation.js";
+import {
+  artifactReadCancelledBy,
+  assertArtifactReadActive,
+} from "./ArtifactFileOperation.js";
 import { ArtifactFileSource } from "./ArtifactFileSource.js";
 import {
   createFitDigest,
@@ -30,11 +33,13 @@ const FDT_HEADER_BYTES = 40;
 export class FitArtifactReader implements ArtifactReader {
   readonly format = "fit" as const;
   readonly #scope = new ArtifactResourceScope();
-  readonly #entries = new Map<string, ArtifactEntry>();
+  #entries = new Map<string, ArtifactEntry>();
   readonly #streams = new Set<Readable>();
   readonly #path: string;
   readonly #source: ArtifactFileSource;
-  #prepared: Promise<void> | undefined;
+  #prepared:
+    | { signal: AbortSignal | undefined; promise: Promise<void> }
+    | undefined;
   #metadata: FitMetadata | undefined;
   #coverage: ArtifactReaderTraversal | undefined;
   #closing = false;
@@ -66,8 +71,27 @@ export class FitArtifactReader implements ArtifactReader {
   ): AsyncIterable<ArtifactEntry> {
     await this.#scope.run(async () => {
       this.#assertOpen(signal);
-      this.#prepared ??= this.#prepare(signal);
-      await this.#prepared;
+      for (;;) {
+        const pending = (this.#prepared ??= {
+          signal,
+          promise: this.#prepare(signal),
+        });
+        try {
+          await pending.promise;
+          break;
+        } catch (cause: unknown) {
+          if (this.#prepared === pending) this.#prepared = undefined;
+          if (
+            pending.signal !== signal &&
+            signal?.aborted !== true &&
+            artifactReadCancelledBy(cause, pending.signal)
+          ) {
+            this.#assertOpen(signal);
+            continue;
+          }
+          throw cause;
+        }
+      }
       await this.#source.read(signal);
     });
     if (this.#coverage !== undefined)
@@ -207,6 +231,7 @@ export class FitArtifactReader implements ArtifactReader {
       this.#path,
       initial.size,
     );
+    const entries = new Map<string, ArtifactEntry>();
     let index = 0;
     for (const image of structure.images) {
       if (index % 256 === 0) await setImmediate();
@@ -228,15 +253,17 @@ export class FitArtifactReader implements ArtifactReader {
         adapterKey: `fit:${String(image.index)}`,
         formatMetadata: image.metadata,
       } satisfies ArtifactEntry;
-      this.#entries.set(entry.adapterKey, entry);
+      entries.set(entry.adapterKey, entry);
     }
+    await this.#source.read(signal);
+    this.#assertOpen(signal);
+    this.#entries = entries;
     this.#metadata = structure.metadata;
     if (structure.limitations.length > 0)
       this.#coverage = {
         status: "complete",
         limitations: structure.limitations,
       };
-    await this.#source.read(signal);
   }
 
   /** One streamed pass per image feeds every supported digest. */

src/artifacts/HexRecordArtifactReader.test.ts

@@ -1,3 +1,6 @@
+import { artifactPreparationRecoveryCases } from "../../tests/fixtures/artifactReaderLifecycle.js";
+import { ArtifactFileSource } from "./ArtifactFileSource.js";
+import { openRegularFile } from "../filesystem/RegularFile.js";
 import { writeFile } from "node:fs/promises";
 import { join } from "node:path";
 
@@ -159,6 +162,72 @@ it("settles an active region stream when closed", async () => {
   }
 });
 
+it("retries decoded-region preparation cancelled while reading", async () => {
+  const path = await writeImage("retry.hex", INTEL_HEX_I32_GAP);
+  const admitted = await openRegularFile(path, { symlinks: "reject" });
+  const reader = new HexRecordArtifactReader(path, "intel-hex", admitted);
+  const controller = new AbortController();
+  const reason = { stage: "decoded region read" };
+  const nativeRead = admitted.handle.read.bind(admitted.handle);
+  const read = vi.spyOn(admitted.handle, "read").mockImplementation((async (
+    ...args: unknown[]
+  ) => {
+    const result = await Reflect.apply(nativeRead, admitted.handle, args);
+    controller.abort(reason);
+    return result;
+  }) as typeof admitted.handle.read);
+  try {
+    await expect(
+      reader.entries(controller.signal)[Symbol.asyncIterator]().next(),
+    ).rejects.toMatchObject({ reason: "cancelled", cause: reason });
+    read.mockRestore();
+    expect(
+      (await reader.entries()[Symbol.asyncIterator]().next()).value,
+    ).toMatchObject({ kind: "file" });
+  } finally {
+    read.mockRestore();
+    await reader.close();
+    await admitted.handle.close();
+  }
+});
+
+it("does not publish decoded regions when final source verification fails", async () => {
+  const path = await writeImage("partial.hex", INTEL_HEX_I32_GAP);
+  const control = new HexRecordArtifactReader(path, "intel-hex");
+  const reader = new HexRecordArtifactReader(path, "intel-hex");
+  const expected = (await control.entries()[Symbol.asyncIterator]().next())
+    .value!;
+  const nativeRead = ArtifactFileSource.prototype.read;
+  const physical = Object.assign(
+    new Error("final source verification failed"),
+    { code: "EIO" },
+  );
+  let calls = 0;
+  const read = vi
+    .spyOn(ArtifactFileSource.prototype, "read")
+    .mockImplementation(function (this: ArtifactFileSource, ...args) {
+      calls += 1;
+      if (calls === 2) return Promise.reject(physical);
+      return nativeRead.apply(this, args);
+    });
+  try {
+    await expect(reader.entries()[Symbol.asyncIterator]().next()).rejects.toBe(
+      physical,
+    );
+    await expect(reader.open(expected)).rejects.toMatchObject({
+      reason: "integrity",
+    });
+    read.mockRestore();
+    expect(
+      (await reader.entries()[Symbol.asyncIterator]().next()).value,
+    ).toMatchObject({ path: expected.path });
+  } finally {
+    read.mockRestore();
+    await reader.close();
+    await control.close();
+  }
+});
+
 it("honors cancellation before admitting a file with the exact reason", async () => {
   const reader = new HexRecordArtifactReader(
     await writeImage("cancel.hex", INTEL_HEX_I32_GAP),
@@ -337,3 +406,9 @@ it("bounds copied region chunks and isolates cached bytes across opens", async (
     await reader.close();
   }
 });
+
+artifactPreparationRecoveryCases({
+  image: () => Buffer.from(INTEL_HEX_I32_GAP),
+  createReader: (path, admitted) =>
+    new HexRecordArtifactReader(path, "intel-hex", admitted),
+});

src/artifacts/NtfsMftArtifactReader.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,211 @@
+import { writeFile } from "node:fs/promises";
+import { join } from "node:path";
+
+import { expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
+
+import { ArtifactFileSource } from "./ArtifactFileSource.js";
+import { assertArtifactReadActive } from "./ArtifactFileOperation.js";
+import { NtfsMftArtifactReader } from "./NtfsMftArtifactReader.js";
+
+import { MFT_DEFAULT_RECORD_BYTES } from "../domain/windows/ntfsMft.js";
+import { createTestTempDirectory } from "../../tests/fixtures/temporaryDirectory.js";
+import { scanCanonicalArtifactInventory } from "../../tests/fixtures/artifactInventory.js";
+
+/** A 1 KiB FILE record whose update sequence array covers both sectors. */
+const recordBytes = (options: {
+  readonly sequenceNumber?: number;
+  readonly flags?: number;
+  readonly index?: number;
+}): Buffer => {
+  const record = Buffer.alloc(MFT_DEFAULT_RECORD_BYTES);
+  record.write("FILE", 0, "latin1");
+  const sequenceNumber = options.sequenceNumber ?? 1;
+  record.writeUInt16LE(48, 4);
+  record.writeUInt16LE(3, 6);
+  record.writeUInt16LE(sequenceNumber, 48);
+  record.writeUInt16LE(0xa5a5, 50);
+  record.writeUInt16LE(0xa5a5, 52);
+  record.writeUInt16LE(sequenceNumber, 16);
+  record.writeUInt16LE(1, 18);
+  record.writeUInt32LE(options.index ?? 0, 44);
+  record.writeUInt16LE(56, 20);
+  record.writeUInt16LE(options.flags ?? 0x0001, 22);
+  record.writeUInt32LE(64, 24);
+  record.writeUInt32LE(0xffff_ffff, 56);
+  record.writeUInt32LE(MFT_DEFAULT_RECORD_BYTES, 28);
+  record.writeUInt16LE(sequenceNumber, 510);
+  record.writeUInt16LE(sequenceNumber, 1022);
+  return record;
+};
+
+const writeMft = async (name: string, bytes: Buffer): Promise<string> => {
+  const directory = await createTestTempDirectory("rea-ntfs-mft-");
+  const path = join(directory, name);
+  await writeFile(path, bytes);
+  return path;
+};
+
+it("reports a $MFT stream's record headers as the root occurrence", async () => {
+  const inventory = await scanCanonicalArtifactInventory(
+    await writeMft(
+      "$MFT",
+      Buffer.concat([
+        recordBytes({}),
+        recordBytes({ flags: 0x0003, index: 1 }),
+      ]),
+    ),
+  );
+  expect(inventory.manifest.root_format).toBe("ntfs-mft");
+  expect(inventory.coverage.status).toBe("complete");
+  // A record stream declares no members, so the root is its whole inventory.
+  expect(inventory.occurrences.map((row) => row.logical_path)).toEqual(["."]);
+  expect(inventory.occurrences[0]).toMatchObject({
+    artifact_format: "ntfs-mft",
+    format_metadata: {
+      kind: "ntfs-mft",
+      record_bytes: MFT_DEFAULT_RECORD_BYTES,
+      record_count: 2,
+      in_use_record_count: 2,
+      directory_record_count: 1,
+      extension_record_count: 0,
+      fixup_mismatch_count: 0,
+      fixup_unverified_record_count: 0,
+      truncated_tail_bytes: 0,
+    },
+  });
+});
+
+it("names a failed fixup in the coverage limitations", async () => {
+  const record = recordBytes({ sequenceNumber: 4 });
+  // A trailer that is not the sequence number marks the sector as not cleanly written.
+  record.writeUInt16LE(0x1234, 510);
+  const inventory = await scanCanonicalArtifactInventory(
+    await writeMft("$MFT", record),
+  );
+  expect(inventory.manifest.root_format).toBe("ntfs-mft");
+  expect(inventory.coverage.status).toBe("unknown");
+  expect(inventory.limitations).toContainEqual(
+    expect.stringMatching(/sector trailer that is not the update sequence/u),
+  );
+});
+
+it("reports an unaligned used-byte count as incomplete coverage", async () => {
+  const record = recordBytes({});
+  record.writeUInt32LE(57, 24);
+  const inventory = await scanCanonicalArtifactInventory(
+    await writeMft("$MFT", record),
+  );
+  expect(inventory.coverage.status).toBe("unknown");
+  expect(inventory.occurrences[0]?.format_metadata).toMatchObject({
+    record_headers: [{ usedBytes: 57, extentValid: false }],
+  });
+});
+
+it("reports incomplete coverage when FILE extents contradict the record slots", async () => {
+  const usedTooLarge = recordBytes({});
+  usedTooLarge.writeUInt32LE(4096, 24);
+  const totalTooSmall = recordBytes({});
+  totalTooSmall.writeUInt32LE(512, 28);
+
+  const inventory = await scanCanonicalArtifactInventory(
+    await writeMft("$MFT", Buffer.concat([usedTooLarge, totalTooSmall])),
+  );
+  expect(inventory.coverage.status).toBe("unknown");
+  expect(inventory.limitations).toContainEqual(
+    "2 FILE record(s) declare inconsistent record extents, beginning at offset 0",
+  );
+  expect(inventory.occurrences[0]?.format_metadata).toMatchObject({
+    record_count: 2,
+    fixup_mismatch_count: 0,
+    fixup_unverified_record_count: 0,
+  });
+});
+
+it("retries after final source verification fails without publishing its metadata", async () => {
+  const reader = new NtfsMftArtifactReader(
+    await writeMft("$MFT", recordBytes({})),
+  );
+  const read = ArtifactFileSource.prototype.read;
+  const spy = vi
+    .spyOn(ArtifactFileSource.prototype, "read")
+    .mockImplementationOnce(function (this: ArtifactFileSource, signal) {
+      return read.call(this, signal);
+    })
+    .mockRejectedValueOnce(new Error("final source verification failed"));
+  try {
+    await expect(
+      reader.entries()[Symbol.asyncIterator]().next(),
+    ).rejects.toThrow("final source verification failed");
+    expect(reader.formatMetadata()).toBeUndefined();
+    await expect(
+      reader.entries()[Symbol.asyncIterator]().next(),
+    ).resolves.toMatchObject({
+      done: true,
+    });
+    expect(reader.formatMetadata()).toMatchObject({
+      kind: "ntfs-mft",
+      record_count: 1,
+    });
+  } finally {
+    spy.mockRestore();
+    await reader.close();
+  }
+});
+
+it("retries a shared preparation cancelled by another traversal", async () => {
+  const reader = new NtfsMftArtifactReader(
+    await writeMft("$MFT", recordBytes({})),
+  );
+  const controller = new AbortController();
+  let entered: () => void = () => {};
+  const started = new Promise<void>((resolve) => {
+    entered = resolve;
+  });
+  const read = ArtifactFileSource.prototype.read;
+  const spy = vi
+    .spyOn(ArtifactFileSource.prototype, "read")
+    .mockImplementationOnce(async function (this: ArtifactFileSource, signal) {
+      entered();
+      await new Promise<void>((resolve) => {
+        signal?.addEventListener("abort", () => resolve(), { once: true });
+      });
+      assertArtifactReadActive(signal);
+      return read.call(this, signal);
+    });
+  try {
+    const cancelled = reader
+      .entries(controller.signal)
+      [Symbol.asyncIterator]()
+      .next();
+    const cancelledResult = expect(cancelled).rejects.toMatchObject({
+      reason: "cancelled",
+    });
+    await started;
+    const other = reader.entries()[Symbol.asyncIterator]().next();
+    controller.abort("cancelled first traversal");
+    await cancelledResult;
+    await expect(other).resolves.toMatchObject({ done: true });
+    expect(reader.formatMetadata()).toMatchObject({ record_count: 1 });
+  } finally {
+    controller.abort();
+    spy.mockRestore();
+    await reader.close();
+  }
+});
+
+it("revalidates the source before reusing a completed header inventory", async () => {
+  const path = await writeMft("$MFT", recordBytes({}));
+  const reader = new NtfsMftArtifactReader(path);
+  try {
+    await reader.entries()[Symbol.asyncIterator]().next();
+    await writeFile(
+      path,
+      Buffer.concat([recordBytes({}), recordBytes({ index: 1 })]),
+    );
+    await expect(
+      reader.entries()[Symbol.asyncIterator]().next(),
+    ).rejects.toMatchObject({ reason: "integrity" });
+  } finally {
+    await reader.close();
+  }
+});

src/artifacts/NtfsMftArtifactReader.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,174 @@
+import type { Readable } from "node:stream";
+
+import {
+  ntfsMftMetadataSchema,
+  type ArtifactFormatMetadata,
+} from "../domain/artifactFormatMetadata.js";
+import type { RegionDecodeFailure } from "../domain/firmware/regionDecoder.js";
+import {
+  createMftDecoder,
+  type MftInventory,
+} from "../domain/windows/ntfsMft.js";
+import {
+  ArtifactReaderFailure,
+  type ArtifactEntry,
+  type ArtifactReader,
+  type ArtifactReaderTraversal,
+  type ArtifactTraversalOptions,
+} from "./ArtifactReader.js";
+import { ArtifactResourceScope } from "./ArtifactResourceScope.js";
+import {
+  artifactReadCancelledBy,
+  assertArtifactReadActive,
+} from "./ArtifactFileOperation.js";
+import { ArtifactFileSource } from "./ArtifactFileSource.js";
+import { readFileHandleChunks } from "../filesystem/readFileHandleChunks.js";
+import type { StableRegularFileDescriptor } from "../filesystem/RegularFile.js";
+
+/**
+ * An MFT stream is its own content: the FILE records describe the source
+ * volume, not members inside the stream, so header facts are attached to
+ * the root occurrence.
+ */
+export class NtfsMftArtifactReader implements ArtifactReader {
+  readonly format = "ntfs-mft" as const;
+  readonly #scope = new ArtifactResourceScope();
+  readonly #source: ArtifactFileSource;
+  #prepared:
+    | { signal: AbortSignal | undefined; promise: Promise<void> }
+    | undefined;
+  #metadata: ArtifactFormatMetadata | undefined;
+  #limitations: readonly string[] = [];
+  #closing = false;
+
+  constructor(path: string, admitted?: StableRegularFileDescriptor) {
+    this.#source = new ArtifactFileSource(path, "$MFT stream", admitted);
+  }
+
+  formatMetadata(): ArtifactFormatMetadata | undefined {
+    return this.#metadata === undefined
+      ? undefined
+      : structuredClone(this.#metadata);
+  }
+
+  async prepareContainer(
+    expectedSha256: string,
+    signal?: AbortSignal,
+  ): Promise<void> {
+    await this.#scope.run(async () => {
+      this.#assertOpen(signal);
+      await this.#source.bindSha256(expectedSha256, signal);
+    });
+  }
+
+  async *entries(
+    signal?: AbortSignal,
+    options?: ArtifactTraversalOptions,
+  ): AsyncIterable<ArtifactEntry> {
+    await this.#scope.run(async () => {
+      this.#assertOpen(signal);
+      for (;;) {
+        const pending = (this.#prepared ??= {
+          signal,
+          promise: this.#prepare(signal),
+        });
+        try {
+          await pending.promise;
+          break;
+        } catch (cause: unknown) {
+          if (this.#prepared === pending) this.#prepared = undefined;
+          if (
+            pending.signal !== signal &&
+            signal?.aborted !== true &&
+            artifactReadCancelledBy(cause, pending.signal)
+          ) {
+            this.#assertOpen(signal);
+            continue;
+          }
+          throw cause;
+        }
+      }
+      this.#assertOpen(signal);
+      await this.#source.read(signal);
+    });
+    // An MFT declares no members, so the root occurrence is the whole
+    // inventory; the coverage callback reports what its parse did not establish.
+    options?.onCoverage?.(coverageOf(this.#limitations));
+  }
+
+  async open(entry: ArtifactEntry, _signal?: AbortSignal): Promise<Readable> {
+    return this.#scope.run(async () => {
+      throw new ArtifactReaderFailure(
+        "unavailable",
+        `$MFT stream declares no member to open for ${entry.path}`,
+      );
+    });
+  }
+
+  async close(): Promise<void> {
+    this.#closing = true;
+    await this.#scope.close();
+    await this.#source.close();
+    this.#metadata = undefined;
+  }
+
+  provenance(): readonly [] {
+    return [];
+  }
+
+  #assertOpen(signal?: AbortSignal): void {
+    assertArtifactReadActive(signal);
+    if (this.#closing)
+      throw new ArtifactReaderFailure(
+        "unavailable",
+        "$MFT stream reader is closed",
+      );
+  }
+
+  async #prepare(signal?: AbortSignal): Promise<void> {
+    const image = await this.#decode(signal);
+    await this.#source.read(signal);
+    this.#metadata = ntfsMftMetadataSchema.parse(image.metadata);
+    this.#limitations = image.limitations;
+  }
+
+  async #decode(signal?: AbortSignal): Promise<MftInventory> {
+    const { handle, initial } = await this.#source.read(signal);
+    const decoder = createMftDecoder(initial.size);
+    if (!decoder.ok) throw this.#failure(decoder.error);
+    if (initial.size > 0)
+      for await (const chunk of readFileHandleChunks(handle, {
+        end: initial.size - 1,
+        signal,
+        cancellationFailure: (reason) =>
+          new ArtifactReaderFailure("cancelled", "$MFT stream read cancelled", {
+            cause: reason,
+          }),
+      }) as AsyncIterable<Buffer>) {
+        this.#assertOpen(signal);
+        const written = decoder.value.write(chunk);
+        if (!written.ok) throw this.#failure(written.error);
+      }
+    const image = decoder.value.finish();
+    if (!image.ok) throw this.#failure(image.error);
+    return image.value;
+  }
+
+  #failure(failure: RegionDecodeFailure): ArtifactReaderFailure {
+    return failure.kind === "format"
+      ? new ArtifactReaderFailure(
+          "format",
+          `$MFT stream is malformed: ${failure.message}`,
+        )
+      : new ArtifactReaderFailure(
+          "limit",
+          `$MFT stream exceeds a fixed limit: ${failure.message}`,
+          failure.boundary === undefined ? {} : { boundary: failure.boundary },
+        );
+  }
+}
+
+const coverageOf = (limitations: readonly string[]): ArtifactReaderTraversal =>
+  limitations.length === 0
+    ? { status: "complete", limitations: [] }
+    : { status: "unknown", limitations };

src/artifacts/UImageArtifactReader.boundaries.test.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,7 @@
-import { artifactReaderLifecycleCases } from "../../tests/fixtures/artifactReaderLifecycle.js";
+import {
+  artifactPreparationRecoveryCases,
+  artifactReaderLifecycleCases,
+} from "../../tests/fixtures/artifactReaderLifecycle.js";
 import { writeFile } from "node:fs/promises";
 import { join } from "node:path";
 import { buffer } from "node:stream/consumers";
@@ -91,6 +94,14 @@ it("preserves cancellation during payload CRC admission", async () => {
         }
       })(),
     ).rejects.toMatchObject({ reason: "cancelled", cause: reason });
+    reads.mockRestore();
+    const recovered = await entries(reader);
+    expect(recovered).toHaveLength(1);
+    expect(
+      (await buffer(await reader.open(recovered[0]!))).equals(
+        Buffer.alloc(128 * 1024, 0x61),
+      ),
+    ).toBe(true);
   } finally {
     await reader.close();
     reads.mockRestore();
@@ -205,3 +216,8 @@ it("reports impossible over-cap component extents as malformed", async () => {
     await reader.close();
   }
 });
+
+artifactPreparationRecoveryCases({
+  image: () => buildUImage({ payload: Buffer.from("payload") }),
+  createReader: (path, admitted) => new UImageArtifactReader(path, admitted),
+});

src/artifacts/UImageArtifactReader.ts

@@ -8,7 +8,10 @@ import type {
   UImageMetadata,
 } from "../domain/artifactFormatMetadata.js";
 import { ArtifactFileSource } from "./ArtifactFileSource.js";
-import { assertArtifactReadActive } from "./ArtifactFileOperation.js";
+import {
+  artifactReadCancelledBy,
+  assertArtifactReadActive,
+} from "./ArtifactFileOperation.js";
 import {
   ArtifactReaderFailure,
   copyArtifactEntry,
@@ -47,7 +50,9 @@ export class UImageArtifactReader implements ArtifactReader {
   readonly #entries = new Map<string, UImageEntry>();
   readonly #streams = new Set<Readable>();
   readonly #source: ArtifactFileSource;
-  #prepared: Promise<void> | undefined;
+  #prepared:
+    | { signal: AbortSignal | undefined; promise: Promise<void> }
+    | undefined;
   #header: UImageMetadata | undefined;
   #closing = false;
 
@@ -75,8 +80,27 @@ export class UImageArtifactReader implements ArtifactReader {
   ): AsyncIterable<ArtifactEntry> {
     await this.#scope.run(async () => {
       this.#assertOpen(signal);
-      this.#prepared ??= this.#prepare(signal);
-      await this.#prepared;
+      for (;;) {
+        const pending = (this.#prepared ??= {
+          signal,
+          promise: this.#prepare(signal),
+        });
+        try {
+          await pending.promise;
+          break;
+        } catch (cause: unknown) {
+          if (this.#prepared === pending) this.#prepared = undefined;
+          if (
+            pending.signal !== signal &&
+            signal?.aborted !== true &&
+            artifactReadCancelledBy(cause, pending.signal)
+          ) {
+            this.#assertOpen(signal);
+            continue;
+          }
+          throw cause;
+        }
+      }
       await this.#source.read(signal);
     });
     this.#assertOpen(signal);

src/artifacts/UnityFsArtifactReader.boundaries.test.ts

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+import { artifactPreparationRecoveryCases } from "../../tests/fixtures/artifactReaderLifecycle.js";
+import { ArtifactFileSource } from "./ArtifactFileSource.js";
 import { truncate, writeFile } from "node:fs/promises";
 import { join } from "node:path";
 import { buffer, text } from "node:stream/consumers";
@@ -43,6 +45,68 @@ const repeatedBlock = (data: Buffer): Buffer => {
   ]);
 };
 
+it("retries UnityFs preparation cancelled during file reading", async () => {
+  const path = await fixture(buildUnityFs([{ path: "a", data: "x" }]));
+  const admitted = await openRegularFile(path, { symlinks: "reject" });
+  const reader = new UnityFsArtifactReader(path, admitted);
+  const controller = new AbortController();
+  const reason = { stage: "header read" };
+  const nativeRead = admitted.handle.read.bind(admitted.handle);
+  const read = vi.spyOn(admitted.handle, "read").mockImplementation((async (
+    ...args: unknown[]
+  ) => {
+    const result = await Reflect.apply(nativeRead, admitted.handle, args);
+    controller.abort(reason);
+    return result;
+  }) as typeof admitted.handle.read);
+  try {
+    await expect(
+      (async () => {
+        for await (const _ of reader.entries(controller.signal)) {
+        }
+      })(),
+    ).rejects.toMatchObject({ reason: "cancelled", cause: reason });
+    read.mockRestore();
+    expect((await entries(reader)).map((entry) => entry.path)).toEqual(["a"]);
+  } finally {
+    read.mockRestore();
+    await reader.close();
+    await admitted.handle.close();
+  }
+});
+
+it("does not publish UnityFs entries when final source verification fails", async () => {
+  const path = await fixture(buildUnityFs([{ path: "a", data: "x" }]));
+  const control = new UnityFsArtifactReader(path);
+  const reader = new UnityFsArtifactReader(path);
+  const expected = (await entries(control))[0]!;
+  const nativeRead = ArtifactFileSource.prototype.read;
+  const physical = Object.assign(
+    new Error("final source verification failed"),
+    { code: "EIO" },
+  );
+  let calls = 0;
+  const read = vi
+    .spyOn(ArtifactFileSource.prototype, "read")
+    .mockImplementation(function (this: ArtifactFileSource, ...args) {
+      calls += 1;
+      if (calls === 2) return Promise.reject(physical);
+      return nativeRead.apply(this, args);
+    });
+  try {
+    await expect(entries(reader)).rejects.toBe(physical);
+    await expect(reader.open(expected)).rejects.toMatchObject({
+      reason: "integrity",
+    });
+    read.mockRestore();
+    expect((await entries(reader)).map((entry) => entry.path)).toEqual(["a"]);
+  } finally {
+    read.mockRestore();
+    await reader.close();
+    await control.close();
+  }
+});
+
 describe("UnityFS allocation and malformed-input boundaries", () => {
   it("rejects an oversized directory extending past the physical file", async () => {
     const bytes = buildUnityFs([{ path: "data", data: "x" }]);
@@ -431,3 +495,8 @@ describe("UnityFS stream capacity and cache ownership", () => {
     }
   });
 });
+
+artifactPreparationRecoveryCases({
+  image: () => buildUnityFs([{ path: "a", data: "x" }]),
+  createReader: (path, admitted) => new UnityFsArtifactReader(path, admitted),
+});

src/artifacts/UnityFsArtifactReader.ts

@@ -12,7 +12,10 @@ import {
   type ArtifactTraversalOptions,
 } from "./ArtifactReader.js";
 import { ArtifactResourceScope } from "./ArtifactResourceScope.js";
-import { assertArtifactReadActive } from "./ArtifactFileOperation.js";
+import {
+  artifactReadCancelledBy,
+  assertArtifactReadActive,
+} from "./ArtifactFileOperation.js";
 import { readArtifactFileBytes } from "./ArtifactFileRange.js";
 import type {
   ArtifactFormatMetadata,
@@ -52,10 +55,12 @@ interface UnityFsEntryState {
 export class UnityFsArtifactReader implements ArtifactReader {
   readonly format = "unityfs" as const;
   readonly #scope = new ArtifactResourceScope();
-  readonly #entries = new Map<string, UnityFsEntryState>();
+  #entries = new Map<string, UnityFsEntryState>();
   readonly #streams = new Map<Readable, AbortController>();
   readonly #source: ArtifactFileSource;
-  #prepared: Promise<void> | undefined;
+  #prepared:
+    | { signal: AbortSignal | undefined; promise: Promise<void> }
+    | undefined;
   #header: UnityFsMetadata | undefined;
   #blocks: readonly UnityFsBlock[] = [];
   #dataStart = 0;
@@ -88,8 +93,27 @@ export class UnityFsArtifactReader implements ArtifactReader {
   ): AsyncIterable<ArtifactEntry> {
     await this.#scope.run(async () => {
       this.#assertOpen(signal);
-      this.#prepared ??= this.#prepare(signal);
-      await this.#prepared;
+      for (;;) {
+        const pending = (this.#prepared ??= {
+          signal,
+          promise: this.#prepare(signal),
+        });
+        try {
+          await pending.promise;
+          break;
+        } catch (cause: unknown) {
+          if (this.#prepared === pending) this.#prepared = undefined;
+          if (
+            pending.signal !== signal &&
+            signal?.aborted !== true &&
+            artifactReadCancelledBy(cause, pending.signal)
+          ) {
+            this.#assertOpen(signal);
+            continue;
+          }
+          throw cause;
+        }
+      }
       await this.#source.read(signal);
     });
     this.#assertOpen(signal);
@@ -229,7 +253,7 @@ export class UnityFsArtifactReader implements ArtifactReader {
     if (header === undefined)
       throw unityFsFormatFailure("no complete UnityFS header");
     const status = header.layout.status;
-    this.#header = {
+    const metadata: UnityFsMetadata = {
       kind: "unityfs",
       signature: "UnityFS",
       format_version: header.formatVersion,
@@ -245,7 +269,12 @@ export class UnityFsArtifactReader implements ArtifactReader {
       data_hash: null,
       directory_status: status,
     };
-    if (status !== "available") return;
+    if (status !== "available") {
+      await this.#source.read(signal);
+      this.#assertOpen(signal);
+      this.#header = metadata;
+      return;
+    }
     const { dataHash, blocks, nodes, dataStart } = await readUnityFsBlocksInfo(
       handle,
       header,
@@ -259,44 +288,55 @@ export class UnityFsArtifactReader implements ArtifactReader {
       if (streamBytes > BigInt(budget))
         throw expansionLimit("declared virtual stream", streamBytes, budget);
     }
-    this.#header = {
-      ...this.#header,
+    const preparedMetadata: UnityFsMetadata = {
+      ...metadata,
       data_hash: dataHash,
       block_count: blocks.length,
       data_start: dataStart,
     };
-    this.#dataStart = dataStart;
     // Keep the source block count above, but do not revisit zero-output rows
     // for every member. Parsed stream/compressed offsets remain authoritative.
-    this.#blocks = blocks.filter((block) => block.uncompressedSize > 0);
-    this.#remainingDecodeBytes = budget;
-    await this.#registerNodes(nodes, budget, signal);
+    const readableBlocks = blocks.filter((block) => block.uncompressedSize > 0);
+    const registered = await this.#registerNodes(
+      nodes,
+      readableBlocks,
+      budget,
+      signal,
+    );
     await this.#source.read(signal);
+    this.#assertOpen(signal);
+    this.#header = preparedMetadata;
+    this.#dataStart = dataStart;
+    this.#blocks = readableBlocks;
+    this.#remainingDecodeBytes = budget;
+    this.#entries = registered.entries;
+    this.#remainingReadOperations = registered.remainingReadOperations;
   }
 
   async #registerNodes(
     nodes: readonly UnityFsNode[],
+    blocks: readonly UnityFsBlock[],
     budget: number,
     signal?: AbortSignal,
-  ): Promise<void> {
+  ): Promise<{
+    entries: Map<string, UnityFsEntryState>;
+    remainingReadOperations: number;
+  }> {
+    const entries = new Map<string, UnityFsEntryState>();
     let readableBytes = 0n;
     for (let index = 0; index < nodes.length; index++) {
       if (index % 256 === 0) await setImmediate();
       this.#assertOpen(signal);
       const node = nodes[index]!;
       const firstBlock =
-        node.size === 0 ? -1 : blockEndingAfter(this.#blocks, node.offset);
+        node.size === 0 ? -1 : blockEndingAfter(blocks, node.offset);
       const lastBlock =
         node.size === 0
           ? -1
-          : blockEndingAfter(this.#blocks, node.offset + node.size - 1);
+          : blockEndingAfter(blocks, node.offset + node.size - 1);
       if (node.size !== 0 && (firstBlock < 0 || lastBlock < firstBlock))
         throw unityFsFormatFailure("member has no block range");
-      const unavailable = firstUnavailableBlock(
-        this.#blocks,
-        firstBlock,
-        lastBlock,
-      );
+      const unavailable = firstUnavailableBlock(blocks, firstBlock, lastBlock);
       const kind =
         (node.flags & 1) !== 0 ? ("directory" as const) : ("file" as const);
       if (kind === "file" && unavailable === undefined) {
@@ -331,7 +371,7 @@ export class UnityFsArtifactReader implements ArtifactReader {
           flags: node.flags,
         },
       } satisfies UnityFsEntry;
-      this.#entries.set(adapterKey, {
+      entries.set(adapterKey, {
         entry,
         firstBlock,
         lastBlock,
@@ -340,14 +380,15 @@ export class UnityFsArtifactReader implements ArtifactReader {
     }
     // Four ordinary passes over admitted blocks, nodes and plaintext chunks,
     // with a small-reader floor. Byte quotas alone cannot bound tiny-block I/O.
-    this.#remainingReadOperations =
+    const remainingReadOperations =
       4 *
       Math.max(
         1024,
-        this.#blocks.length +
+        blocks.length +
           nodes.length +
           Math.ceil(Number(readableBytes) / CHUNK_BYTES),
       );
+    return { entries, remainingReadOperations };
   }
 
   async *#memberChunks(

src/artifacts/WxapkgArtifactReader.boundaries.test.ts

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+import { artifactPreparationRecoveryCases } from "../../tests/fixtures/artifactReaderLifecycle.js";
+import { ArtifactFileSource } from "./ArtifactFileSource.js";
 import { once } from "node:events";
 import { writeFile } from "node:fs/promises";
 import { join } from "node:path";
@@ -26,6 +28,68 @@ const entries = async (reader: WxapkgArtifactReader) => {
   return result;
 };
 
+it("retries Wxapkg preparation cancelled during file reading", async () => {
+  const path = await fixture(buildWxapkg([{ path: "a", data: "x" }]));
+  const admitted = await openRegularFile(path, { symlinks: "reject" });
+  const reader = new WxapkgArtifactReader(path, admitted);
+  const controller = new AbortController();
+  const reason = { stage: "header read" };
+  const nativeRead = admitted.handle.read.bind(admitted.handle);
+  const read = vi.spyOn(admitted.handle, "read").mockImplementation((async (
+    ...args: unknown[]
+  ) => {
+    const result = await Reflect.apply(nativeRead, admitted.handle, args);
+    controller.abort(reason);
+    return result;
+  }) as typeof admitted.handle.read);
+  try {
+    await expect(
+      (async () => {
+        for await (const _ of reader.entries(controller.signal)) {
+        }
+      })(),
+    ).rejects.toMatchObject({ reason: "cancelled", cause: reason });
+    read.mockRestore();
+    expect((await entries(reader)).map((entry) => entry.path)).toEqual(["a"]);
+  } finally {
+    read.mockRestore();
+    await reader.close();
+    await admitted.handle.close();
+  }
+});
+
+it("does not publish Wxapkg entries when final source verification fails", async () => {
+  const path = await fixture(buildWxapkg([{ path: "a", data: "x" }]));
+  const control = new WxapkgArtifactReader(path);
+  const reader = new WxapkgArtifactReader(path);
+  const expected = (await entries(control))[0]!;
+  const nativeRead = ArtifactFileSource.prototype.read;
+  const physical = Object.assign(
+    new Error("final source verification failed"),
+    { code: "EIO" },
+  );
+  let calls = 0;
+  const read = vi
+    .spyOn(ArtifactFileSource.prototype, "read")
+    .mockImplementation(function (this: ArtifactFileSource, ...args) {
+      calls += 1;
+      if (calls === 2) return Promise.reject(physical);
+      return nativeRead.apply(this, args);
+    });
+  try {
+    await expect(entries(reader)).rejects.toBe(physical);
+    await expect(reader.open(expected)).rejects.toMatchObject({
+      reason: "integrity",
+    });
+    read.mockRestore();
+    expect((await entries(reader)).map((entry) => entry.path)).toEqual(["a"]);
+  } finally {
+    read.mockRestore();
+    await reader.close();
+    await control.close();
+  }
+});
+
 describe("wxapkg allocation and malformed-input boundaries", () => {
   it("admits the encoded table budget before reading it", async () => {
     const bytes = buildWxapkg([{ path: "a", data: "x" }]);
@@ -308,3 +372,8 @@ describe("wxapkg stream capacity and freshness", () => {
     }
   });
 });
+
+artifactPreparationRecoveryCases({
+  image: () => buildWxapkg([{ path: "a", data: "x" }]),
+  createReader: (path, admitted) => new WxapkgArtifactReader(path, admitted),
+});

src/artifacts/WxapkgArtifactReader.ts

@@ -12,7 +12,10 @@ import {
   type ArtifactTraversalOptions,
 } from "./ArtifactReader.js";
 import { ArtifactResourceScope } from "./ArtifactResourceScope.js";
-import { assertArtifactReadActive } from "./ArtifactFileOperation.js";
+import {
+  artifactReadCancelledBy,
+  assertArtifactReadActive,
+} from "./ArtifactFileOperation.js";
 import { readArtifactFileBytes } from "./ArtifactFileRange.js";
 import type {
   ArtifactFormatMetadata,
@@ -48,10 +51,12 @@ interface WxapkgEntryState {
 export class WxapkgArtifactReader implements ArtifactReader {
   readonly format = "wxapkg" as const;
   readonly #scope = new ArtifactResourceScope();
-  readonly #entries = new Map<string, WxapkgEntryState>();
+  #entries = new Map<string, WxapkgEntryState>();
   readonly #streams = new Map<Readable, AbortController>();
   readonly #source: ArtifactFileSource;
-  #prepared: Promise<void> | undefined;
+  #prepared:
+    | { signal: AbortSignal | undefined; promise: Promise<void> }
+    | undefined;
   #header: WxapkgMetadata | undefined;
   #remainingReadOperations = 0;
   #admittedReadOperations = 0;
@@ -81,8 +86,27 @@ export class WxapkgArtifactReader implements ArtifactReader {
   ): AsyncIterable<ArtifactEntry> {
     await this.#scope.run(async () => {
       this.#assertOpen(signal);
-      this.#prepared ??= this.#prepare(signal);
-      await this.#prepared;
+      for (;;) {
+        const pending = (this.#prepared ??= {
+          signal,
+          promise: this.#prepare(signal),
+        });
+        try {
+          await pending.promise;
+          break;
+        } catch (cause: unknown) {
+          if (this.#prepared === pending) this.#prepared = undefined;
+          if (
+            pending.signal !== signal &&
+            signal?.aborted !== true &&
+            artifactReadCancelledBy(cause, pending.signal)
+          ) {
+            this.#assertOpen(signal);
+            continue;
+          }
+          throw cause;
+        }
+      }
       await this.#source.read(signal);
     });
     this.#assertOpen(signal);
@@ -201,7 +225,7 @@ export class WxapkgArtifactReader implements ArtifactReader {
     const header = await readWxapkgHeader(handle, initial.size, signal);
     if (header === undefined)
       throw wxapkgFormatFailure("no complete wxapkg header");
-    this.#header = {
+    const metadata: WxapkgMetadata = {
       kind: "wxapkg",
       info: header.layout.status === "available" ? header.info : null,
       index_length:
@@ -212,7 +236,12 @@ export class WxapkgArtifactReader implements ArtifactReader {
         header.layout.status === "available" ? header.fileCount : null,
       directory_status: header.layout.status,
     };
-    if (header.layout.status !== "available") return;
+    if (header.layout.status !== "available") {
+      await this.#source.read(signal);
+      this.#assertOpen(signal);
+      this.#header = metadata;
+      return;
+    }
     const { members } = await readWxapkgFileTable(
       handle,
       header,
@@ -220,6 +249,7 @@ export class WxapkgArtifactReader implements ArtifactReader {
       signal,
     );
     const budget = artifactExpansionBudgetBytes(initial.size);
+    const entries = new Map<string, WxapkgEntryState>();
     let declaredBytes = 0n;
     for (let index = 0; index < members.length; index++) {
       if (index % 256 === 0) await setImmediate();
@@ -234,7 +264,7 @@ export class WxapkgArtifactReader implements ArtifactReader {
           { boundary: "memory" },
         );
       const adapterKey = `wxapkg-entry:${String(index)}`;
-      this.#entries.set(adapterKey, {
+      entries.set(adapterKey, {
         entry: {
           path: member.path,
           sourcePath: member.declaredPath,
@@ -260,14 +290,18 @@ export class WxapkgArtifactReader implements ArtifactReader {
       });
     }
     // Header, table and per-chunk member reads; a small-reader floor applies.
-    this.#admittedReadOperations =
+    const admittedReadOperations =
       4 *
       Math.max(
         1024,
         members.length + Math.ceil(Number(declaredBytes) / CHUNK_BYTES),
       );
-    this.#remainingReadOperations = this.#admittedReadOperations;
     await this.#source.read(signal);
+    this.#assertOpen(signal);
+    this.#header = metadata;
+    this.#entries = entries;
+    this.#admittedReadOperations = admittedReadOperations;
+    this.#remainingReadOperations = admittedReadOperations;
   }
 
   async *#memberChunks(

src/artifacts/artifactFormats.test.ts

@@ -43,7 +43,8 @@ type FormatsWithReaders =
   | "uf2"
   | "dfuse"
   | "esp-flash-image"
-  | "fit";
+  | "fit"
+  | "ntfs-mft";
 
 const readerFormatsMatch: Equal<ArtifactReaderFormat, FormatsWithReaders> =
   true;

src/artifacts/artifactFormats.ts

@@ -40,6 +40,7 @@ import { NodeSeaArtifactReader } from "./NodeSeaArtifactReader.js";
 import type { PyInstallerAdmission } from "./pyinstaller/PyInstallerAdmission.js";
 import { PyInstallerArtifactReader } from "./PyInstallerArtifactReader.js";
 import { Uf2ArtifactReader } from "./Uf2ArtifactReader.js";
+import { NtfsMftArtifactReader } from "./NtfsMftArtifactReader.js";
 import { UImageArtifactReader } from "./UImageArtifactReader.js";
 import { UnityFsArtifactReader } from "./UnityFsArtifactReader.js";
 import { WxapkgArtifactReader } from "./WxapkgArtifactReader.js";
@@ -465,6 +466,14 @@ const NON_ZIP_FORMATS = {
     createReader: (path, options) =>
       new FitArtifactReader(path, sourceOf(options)),
   }),
+  "ntfs-mft": described("ntfs-mft", {
+    ...plain,
+    retainClassifiedSource: true,
+    readerLimitation:
+      "MFT inventory reports whole-stream counts and a bounded sample of the first 32 decoded FILE record headers, with the omitted-header count. Attributes, filenames, data streams and the $UsnJrnl:$J journal are not decoded, so no path, file size or change history is established.",
+    createReader: (path, options) =>
+      new NtfsMftArtifactReader(path, sourceOf(options)),
+  }),
   unknown: described("unknown", plain),
 } satisfies Record<
   Exclude<ArtifactFormatId, ZipPackageFormat>,

src/artifacts/inventory/ArtifactGraphConstruction.test.ts

@@ -576,6 +576,28 @@ it("classifies nested UF2 by block magics and DfuSe by prefix and suffix", () =>
   ).toMatchObject({ format: "file" });
 });
 
+it("classifies a $MFT stream by its FILE record header, under any name", () => {
+  const mft = Buffer.alloc(2_048);
+  mft.write("FILE", 0, "latin1");
+  mft.writeUInt32LE(1024, 28);
+  for (const path of ["evidence/$MFT", "evidence/mft.raw", "evidence/records"])
+    expect(classifyArtifactBytesAtPath(path, mft)).toEqual({
+      kind: "executable",
+      format: "ntfs-mft",
+    });
+});
+
+it("leaves plain content beginning with FILE unclassified as MFT", () => {
+  const text = Buffer.from(
+    "FILE is a plain text prefix, not an NTFS record header",
+  );
+  expect(
+    classifyArtifactBytesAtPath("evidence/readme.txt", text),
+  ).toMatchObject({
+    format: "file",
+  });
+});
+
 it("classifies a FIT by a /images node within the first 4 KiB", () => {
   const images = [{ name: "kernel", data: Buffer.from("kernel") }];
   const late = devicetreeFixture({

src/artifacts/inventory/ArtifactGraphConstruction.ts

@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ import { recognizeEspImage } from "../../domain/firmware/espImage.js";
 import { hasUf2Block } from "../../domain/firmware/uf2.js";
 import { isDfuSeFile } from "../../domain/firmware/dfuse.js";
 import { hasFitImagesNode } from "../../domain/firmware/fitImage.js";
+import { hasMftFileRecordHeader } from "../../domain/windows/ntfsMft.js";
 import type { ArtifactClassificationEvidence } from "../ArtifactClassificationProbe.js";
 import { asarHeaderAdmissionFailure } from "../AsarHeader.js";
 import { hasDestinationPath } from "../ArtifactPaths.js";
@@ -622,6 +623,7 @@ export const classifyArtifactBytes = (
     return "dfuse";
   if (recognizeEspImage(prefix, fileSize) === "esp-image") return "esp-image";
   if (hasFitImagesNode(prefix)) return "fit";
+  if (hasMftFileRecordHeader(prefix)) return "ntfs-mft";
   if (hasBinaryPlistSignature(prefix)) return "plist";
   if (hasXmlPlistSignature(prefix)) return "plist";
   const fatFormat = classifyFatArtifact(evidence, fileSize);

src/domain/analysisSnapshot.ts

@@ -86,6 +86,7 @@ const formatSchema = z.enum([
   "dfuse",
   "esp-flash-image",
   "fit",
+  "ntfs-mft",
   "plist",
   "javascript",
   "source-map",

src/domain/artifactFormatMetadata.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import { z } from "zod";
+import { MFT_INLINE_HEADER_LIMIT } from "./windows/ntfsMft.js";
 
 import { jsonRecordSchema } from "./jsonRecord.js";
 import { jsonValueSchema } from "./jsonValue.js";
@@ -299,6 +300,56 @@ export const hexRecordRegionMetadataSchema = z.strictObject({
   last_line: offset,
 });
 
+const ntfsFileReferenceSchema = z.strictObject({
+  recordNumber: offset,
+  sequenceNumber: offset,
+});
+const ntfsRecordHeaderSchema = z.strictObject({
+  index: offset,
+  fileOffset: offset,
+  sequenceNumber: offset,
+  hardLinkCount: offset,
+  flags: z.strictObject({
+    raw: offset,
+    names: z.array(z.string()),
+    unknownMask: offset,
+  }),
+  inUse: z.boolean(),
+  directory: z.boolean(),
+  usedBytes: offset,
+  totalBytes: offset,
+  extentValid: z.boolean(),
+  baseRecordReference: ntfsFileReferenceSchema.nullable(),
+  declaredRecordNumber: offset.nullable(),
+  recordNumberMatchesSlot: z.boolean().nullable(),
+  logFileSequenceNumber: z.string().regex(/^(?:0|[1-9][0-9]*)$/u),
+  firstAttributeOffset: offset,
+  nextAttributeId: offset,
+  fixups: z.strictObject({
+    sequenceNumber: offset,
+    entries: offset,
+    verifiedSectors: offset,
+    coveredSectors: offset,
+    mismatchSector: offset.nullable(),
+    malformed: z.boolean(),
+  }),
+});
+
+/** NTFS $MFT record-header facts; attributes, names and the USN journal are later steps. */
+export const ntfsMftMetadataSchema = z.strictObject({
+  kind: z.literal("ntfs-mft"),
+  record_bytes: offset,
+  record_count: offset,
+  in_use_record_count: offset,
+  directory_record_count: offset,
+  extension_record_count: offset,
+  fixup_mismatch_count: offset,
+  fixup_unverified_record_count: offset,
+  truncated_tail_bytes: offset,
+  record_headers: z.array(ntfsRecordHeaderSchema).max(MFT_INLINE_HEADER_LIMIT),
+  omitted_record_headers: offset,
+});
+
 /**
  * U-Boot FIT root facts. Configuration references are declared names; a
  * reference that names no image is reported as a limitation, not removed.
@@ -886,6 +937,7 @@ export const artifactFormatMetadataSchema = z.discriminatedUnion("kind", [
   espImageSignatureBlockMetadataSchema,
   uf2MetadataSchema,
   uf2RegionMetadataSchema,
+  ntfsMftMetadataSchema,
   dfuSeMetadataSchema,
   dfuSeElementMetadataSchema,
   espFlashImageMetadataSchema,
@@ -1036,6 +1088,10 @@ const declarationsByKind: {
     notCompared:
       "Its familyID and addresses are in its path, family_name is REA's label for the familyID, and its block counts and positions are layout; content comparison covers its bytes.",
   },
+  "ntfs-mft": {
+    notCompared:
+      "Its fields come from the record headers in the file's own FILE records, which content comparison covers.",
+  },
   dfuse: {
     notCompared:
       "Its fields come from the file's own prefix, target headers and suffix, which content comparison covers.",

src/domain/artifactGraph.ts

@@ -103,6 +103,7 @@ export const ARTIFACT_FORMAT_IDS = [
   "dfuse",
   "esp-flash-image",
   "fit",
+  "ntfs-mft",
   "unknown",
 ] as const;
 
@@ -124,6 +125,7 @@ const artifactContentFormatSchema = artifactFormatSchema.extract([
   "uf2",
   "dfuse",
   "fit",
+  "ntfs-mft",
   "mach-o-universal",
   "mach-o",
   "elf",

src/domain/binaryTargetTypes.ts

@@ -302,7 +302,8 @@ export type BinaryTarget =
           | "esp-image"
           | "uf2"
           | "dfuse"
-          | "fit";
+          | "fit"
+          | "ntfs-mft";
       })
   | (BinaryTargetIdentity &
       NonExecutableMetadata & {

src/domain/evidenceSubject.ts

@@ -52,6 +52,7 @@ export const evidenceSubjectFormatSchema = z.enum([
   "dfuse",
   "esp-flash-image",
   "fit",
+  "ntfs-mft",
 ]);
 
 /** Format-owned architecture declarations shared by Evidence and persisted executions. */

src/domain/javascript/childProcessOptionsRegression.test.ts

@@ -137,7 +137,8 @@ describe("child-process options detection", () => {
       ["negative-zero", `spawn("tool", [], { env: -0 })`, false],
       ["bigint-zero", `spawn("tool", [], { env: 0n })`, false],
       ["zero-float", `spawn("tool", [], { env: 0.0 })`, false],
-      ["nan", `spawn("tool", [], { env: NaN })`, true],
+      ["nan", `spawn("tool", [], { env: NaN })`, false],
+      ["shadowed-nan", `((NaN) => spawn("tool", [], { env: NaN }))({})`, true],
       ["empty-string", `spawn("tool", [], { env: "" })`, false],
       ["false", `spawn("tool", [], { env: false })`, false],
       ["empty-object", `spawn("tool", [], { env: {} })`, true],

src/domain/javascript/javascriptSemanticChildProcesses.ts

@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ export const collectJavaScriptSemanticChildProcesses = (
       !rejectsOptionsShape(candidate, context, state),
   );
   const childProcessSpawns = candidates.map((candidate) =>
-    immutableSpawn(candidate, context),
+    immutableSpawn(candidate, context, state),
   );
   return {
     childProcessSpawns,
@@ -146,6 +146,7 @@ const collectSpawns = (
 const immutableSpawn = (
   candidate: SpawnCandidate,
   context: ChildSpawnContext,
+  state: JavaScriptSemanticAnalysisState,
 ): JavaScriptSemanticChildProcessSpawn => {
   const { options, argvCount } = spawnArguments(candidate, context);
   const command = dataEffectLiteralString(candidate.node.arguments[0]);
@@ -161,7 +162,7 @@ const immutableSpawn = (
     projectedResultBindings: candidate.projectedResultBindings,
     command,
     argvCount,
-    environmentSupplied: environmentSupplied(options, context),
+    environmentSupplied: environmentSupplied(options, context, state),
     stdioMode: stdioMode(options, candidate.method, context),
     resolution: command === null ? "partial" : "complete",
   };
@@ -443,11 +444,17 @@ const spawnArguments = (
 const environmentSupplied = (
   options: t.Node | undefined,
   context: ChildSpawnContext,
+  state: JavaScriptSemanticAnalysisState,
 ): boolean => {
   const lookup = staticObjectProperty(options, "env", context.isNullish);
   if (lookup.status !== "explicit") return false;
   const value = unwrapJavaScriptExpression(lookup.value).node;
   if (context.isNullish(value)) return false;
+  if (
+    t.isIdentifier(value, { name: "NaN" }) &&
+    isUnshadowedGlobal(value, state, "NaN")
+  )
+    return false;
   return staticJavaScriptTruthiness(value) !== false;
 };
 

src/domain/liveBinaryTargetSummary.ts

@@ -83,6 +83,7 @@ export const liveBinaryTargetSummaryVariants = [
       "uf2",
       "dfuse",
       "fit",
+      "ntfs-mft",
     ]),
     architecture: z.null(),
   }),

src/domain/referenceSourceImportParsing.ts

@@ -157,7 +157,6 @@ const extractImports = (
     ReferenceSourceRequireCall
   >,
 ): void => {
-  let unresolvedRequireTarget = false;
   traverseJavaScriptAst(ast.program, {
     enter: (node) => {
       if (
@@ -198,14 +197,8 @@ const extractImports = (
       ) {
         const requireCall = requireCalls.get(node);
         if (requireCall === undefined) return;
-        const target = requireCall.arguments?.[0];
-        if (target === undefined) return;
-        const literal = readExactJavaScriptLiteral(target);
-        if (!literal.found) {
-          unresolvedRequireTarget = true;
-          return;
-        }
-        if (typeof literal.value !== "string") return;
+        const specifier = exactStringModuleName(requireCall.arguments?.[0]);
+        if (specifier === undefined) return;
         if (
           requireCall.limitation !== undefined &&
           !limitations.includes(requireCall.limitation)
@@ -214,7 +207,7 @@ const extractImports = (
         const uncertainResolution = requireCall.resolutionBase === "unknown";
         appendRelationship(relationships, limitations, {
           fromPath: from_path,
-          to: literal.value,
+          to: specifier,
           kind: "requires",
           parseState: uncertainResolution ? "partial" : "parsed",
           ...(uncertainResolution ? { resolution: "unknown" } : {}),
@@ -228,10 +221,6 @@ const extractImports = (
       }
     },
   });
-  if (unresolvedRequireTarget)
-    limitations.push(
-      `A CommonJS module target in ${from_path} could not be determined statically.`,
-    );
 };
 
 const parseWithBabel = (

src/domain/referenceSourcePathIdentity.ts

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import { posix } from "node:path";
 import { err, ok, type Result } from "./result.js";
 
 export interface ReferenceSourcePathLookup {
@@ -5,6 +6,8 @@ export interface ReferenceSourcePathLookup {
   readonly has: (path: string) => boolean;
   readonly resolve: (path: string) => string | undefined;
   readonly resolveCandidates: (paths: readonly string[]) => string | undefined;
+  /** Resolve a path to the closest recorded parent identity. */
+  readonly resolveAncestor: (path: string) => string | undefined;
 }
 
 /**
@@ -32,6 +35,17 @@ export const createReferenceSourcePathLookup = (
     resolveCandidates: (candidates) =>
       candidates.find((path) => exact.has(path)) ??
       candidates.map(equivalent).find((path) => path !== undefined),
+    resolveAncestor: (path) => {
+      for (
+        let candidate = path;
+        candidate !== "." && candidate !== "/";
+        candidate = posix.dirname(candidate)
+      ) {
+        const found = resolve(candidate);
+        if (found !== undefined) return found;
+      }
+      return undefined;
+    },
   };
 };
 

src/domain/referenceSourceRequireBindings.ts

@@ -75,14 +75,9 @@ export const referenceSourceRequireCalls = (
         !t.isNewExpression(node)
       )
         return;
-      const callee = unwrapJavaScriptExpression(node.callee).node;
-      if (
-        !t.isCallExpression(callee) &&
-        !t.isOptionalCallExpression(callee) &&
-        !hasIdentifierReceiver(callee)
-      )
-        return;
+      if (callReceiverIdentifier(node.callee) === undefined) return;
       let fact = semanticRequireLoaderAt(node, index.bindings, factoryBindings);
+      const callee = unwrapJavaScriptExpression(node.callee).node;
       if (
         fact === "create-require" ||
         ((t.isMemberExpression(callee) ||
@@ -158,7 +153,12 @@ export const referenceSourceRequireCalls = (
       });
     },
   });
-  if (candidates.some(({ call }) => hasMemberCallee(call)))
+  if (
+    candidates.some(
+      ({ call }) =>
+        !t.isIdentifier(unwrapJavaScriptExpression(call.callee).node),
+    )
+  )
     completeSemanticSteps(index.indexMemberMutationFactsSteps());
   return new Map(
     candidates.map(
@@ -169,7 +169,8 @@ export const referenceSourceRequireCalls = (
             arguments: callArguments,
             ...(limitation === undefined ? {} : { limitation }),
             resolutionBase:
-              hasMemberCallee(call) && hasPriorMemberMutation(index, call)
+              !t.isIdentifier(unwrapJavaScriptExpression(call.callee).node) &&
+              hasPriorMemberMutation(index, call)
                 ? "unknown"
                 : resolutionBase,
           },
@@ -219,17 +220,15 @@ const hasPriorMemberMutation = (
   );
 };
 
-const hasMemberCallee = (call: ReferenceSourceRequireInvocation): boolean => {
-  const callee = unwrapJavaScriptExpression(call.callee).node;
-  return t.isMemberExpression(callee) || t.isOptionalMemberExpression(callee);
-};
-
-const hasIdentifierReceiver = (callee: t.Node): boolean => {
-  let expression = callee;
+const callReceiverIdentifier = (
+  callee: t.Node | null | undefined,
+): t.Identifier | undefined => {
+  if (!t.isNode(callee)) return undefined;
+  let expression = unwrapJavaScriptExpression(callee).node;
   while (
     t.isMemberExpression(expression) ||
     t.isOptionalMemberExpression(expression)
   )
     expression = unwrapJavaScriptExpression(expression.object).node;
-  return t.isIdentifier(expression);
+  return t.isIdentifier(expression) ? expression : undefined;
 };

src/domain/windows/ntfsMft.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,478 @@
+import { describe, expect, it } from "vitest";
+
+import {
+  MFT_DEFAULT_RECORD_BYTES,
+  MFT_MAX_FILE_BYTES,
+  createMftDecoder,
+  parseMftImage,
+} from "./ntfsMft.js";
+
+interface RecordOptions {
+  readonly sequenceNumber?: number;
+  readonly hardLinkCount?: number;
+  readonly flags?: number;
+  readonly baseRecordReference?: bigint;
+  readonly recordBytes?: number;
+  /** Write a wrong trailer value into this sector, leaving the others correct. */
+  readonly corruptSector?: number;
+  /** Truncate the update sequence array to this many entries; 0 omits it. */
+  readonly usaEntries?: number;
+  readonly usaOffset?: number;
+}
+
+/** One FILE record with a zeroed body and fixups applied the way NTFS writes them. */
+const recordOf = (options: RecordOptions = {}): Uint8Array => {
+  const recordBytes = options.recordBytes ?? MFT_DEFAULT_RECORD_BYTES;
+  const record = new Uint8Array(recordBytes);
+  const view = new DataView(record.buffer);
+  record.set(Buffer.from("FILE", "latin1"), 0);
+  const sequenceNumber = options.sequenceNumber ?? 1;
+  const sectors = recordBytes / 512;
+
+  const usaEntries = options.usaEntries ?? sectors + 1;
+  if (usaEntries > 0) {
+    const usaOffset = options.usaOffset ?? 48;
+    view.setUint16(4, usaOffset, true);
+    view.setUint16(6, usaEntries, true);
+    view.setUint16(usaOffset, sequenceNumber, true);
+    for (let sector = 0; sector < sectors; sector += 1) {
+      const trailer = sector * 512 + 510;
+      // A saved trailer is what the sector held before the fixup replaced it.
+      view.setUint16(usaOffset + 2 * (sector + 1), 0xa5a5, true);
+      view.setUint16(
+        trailer,
+        sector >= usaEntries - 1
+          ? 0xa5a5
+          : sector === options.corruptSector
+            ? 0x1234
+            : sequenceNumber,
+        true,
+      );
+    }
+  } else {
+    view.setUint16(4, 0, true);
+    view.setUint16(6, 0, true);
+  }
+
+  view.setUint16(16, sequenceNumber, true);
+  view.setUint16(18, options.hardLinkCount ?? 1, true);
+  const firstAttributeOffset =
+    Math.ceil((48 + Math.max(0, usaEntries) * 2) / 8) * 8;
+  view.setUint16(20, firstAttributeOffset, true);
+  view.setUint16(22, options.flags ?? 0x0001, true);
+  view.setUint32(24, firstAttributeOffset + 8, true);
+  view.setUint32(firstAttributeOffset, 0xffff_ffff, true);
+  view.setUint32(28, recordBytes, true);
+  view.setBigUint64(32, options.baseRecordReference ?? 0n, true);
+  view.setUint16(40, 0, true);
+  return record;
+};
+
+const streamOf = (...records: readonly Uint8Array[]): Uint8Array => {
+  const total = records.reduce((sum, record) => sum + record.length, 0);
+  const stream = new Uint8Array(total);
+  let offset = 0;
+  for (const record of records) {
+    stream.set(record, offset);
+    const view = new DataView(stream.buffer, offset, record.length);
+    if (view.getUint16(4, true) >= 48)
+      view.setUint32(44, offset / record.length, true);
+    offset += record.length;
+  }
+  return stream;
+};
+
+describe("MFT header facts", () => {
+  it("inventories a clean record's header and verified fixups", () => {
+    const parsed = parseMftImage(streamOf(recordOf({ sequenceNumber: 5 })));
+    expect(parsed.ok).toBe(true);
+    if (!parsed.ok) return;
+    expect(parsed.value.metadata).toMatchObject({
+      kind: "ntfs-mft",
+      record_bytes: MFT_DEFAULT_RECORD_BYTES,
+      record_count: 1,
+      in_use_record_count: 1,
+      directory_record_count: 0,
+      extension_record_count: 0,
+      fixup_mismatch_count: 0,
+      fixup_unverified_record_count: 0,
+      truncated_tail_bytes: 0,
+    });
+    expect(parsed.value.records[0]).toMatchObject({
+      index: 0,
+      fileOffset: 0,
+      sequenceNumber: 5,
+      inUse: true,
+      directory: false,
+      baseRecordReference: null,
+      firstAttributeOffset: 56,
+      fixups: {
+        sequenceNumber: 5,
+        verifiedSectors: 2,
+        coveredSectors: 2,
+        mismatchSector: null,
+        malformed: false,
+      },
+    });
+    expect(parsed.value.limitations).toEqual([]);
+  });
+
+  it("identifies unrecognized flags without losing their source bits", () => {
+    const parsed = parseMftImage(recordOf({ flags: 0x8001 }));
+    if (!parsed.ok) throw new Error(parsed.error.message);
+    expect(parsed.value.metadata.record_headers[0]?.flags).toEqual({
+      raw: 0x8001,
+      names: ["in-use"],
+      unknownMask: 0x8000,
+    });
+  });
+
+  it.each([0, 49, 64, 72])(
+    "reports an invalid first attribute offset %i",
+    (offset) => {
+      const record = recordOf();
+      new DataView(record.buffer).setUint16(20, offset, true);
+      const parsed = parseMftImage(record);
+      if (!parsed.ok) throw new Error(parsed.error.message);
+      expect(parsed.value.records[0]?.extentValid).toBe(false);
+      expect(parsed.value.limitations.join(" ")).toContain("inconsistent");
+    },
+  );
+
+  it("reports a declared record number that contradicts its stream position", () => {
+    const bytes = streamOf(recordOf(), recordOf());
+    new DataView(bytes.buffer).setUint32(1024 + 44, 0, true);
+    const parsed = parseMftImage(bytes);
+    if (!parsed.ok) throw new Error(parsed.error.message);
+    expect(parsed.value.records[1]).toMatchObject({
+      index: 1,
+      declaredRecordNumber: 0,
+      recordNumberMatchesSlot: false,
+    });
+    expect(parsed.value.limitations.join(" ")).toContain(
+      "disagrees with their stream slot",
+    );
+  });
+
+  it("keeps the inline header window separate from the parsed record count", () => {
+    const parsed = parseMftImage(
+      streamOf(...Array.from({ length: 33 }, () => recordOf())),
+    );
+    if (!parsed.ok) throw new Error(parsed.error.message);
+    expect(parsed.value.metadata).toMatchObject({
+      record_count: 33,
+      omitted_record_headers: 1,
+    });
+    expect(parsed.value.metadata.record_headers).toHaveLength(32);
+    expect(parsed.value.records).toHaveLength(33);
+    expect(parsed.value.limitations).toEqual([]);
+  });
+
+  it("preserves a log sequence number above the safe integer range", () => {
+    const record = recordOf();
+    new DataView(record.buffer).setBigUint64(8, 9007199254740993n, true);
+    const parsed = parseMftImage(record);
+    if (!parsed.ok) throw new Error(parsed.error.message);
+    expect(parsed.value.records[0]?.logFileSequenceNumber).toBe(
+      "9007199254740993",
+    );
+  });
+
+  it("verifies the older FILE header without reading its fixup words as a record number", () => {
+    const oldRecord = recordOf({ usaOffset: 42 });
+    const newRecord = recordOf();
+    new DataView(newRecord.buffer).setUint32(44, 1, true);
+
+    const parsed = parseMftImage(streamOf(oldRecord, newRecord));
+    if (!parsed.ok) throw new Error(parsed.error.message);
+    expect(parsed.value.records).toMatchObject([
+      {
+        declaredRecordNumber: null,
+        fixups: { malformed: false, verifiedSectors: 2 },
+      },
+      {
+        declaredRecordNumber: 1,
+        fixups: { malformed: false, verifiedSectors: 2 },
+      },
+    ]);
+    expect(parsed.value.limitations).toEqual([]);
+  });
+});
+
+describe("MFT fixup coverage", () => {
+  it.each([0, 0xffff])(
+    "leaves reserved USA sequence %i unverified",
+    (sequenceNumber) => {
+      const parsed = parseMftImage(recordOf({ sequenceNumber }));
+      if (!parsed.ok) throw new Error(parsed.error.message);
+      expect(parsed.value.records[0]?.fixups).toMatchObject({
+        sequenceNumber,
+        verifiedSectors: 0,
+        malformed: true,
+      });
+      expect(parsed.value.metadata.fixup_unverified_record_count).toBe(1);
+      expect(parsed.value.limitations.join(" ")).toContain(
+        "invalid or incomplete",
+      );
+    },
+  );
+
+  it("keeps a record whose sector trailer is not the sequence number, and reports it", () => {
+    const parsed = parseMftImage(
+      streamOf(recordOf(), recordOf({ sequenceNumber: 9, corruptSector: 1 })),
+    );
+    expect(parsed.ok).toBe(true);
+    if (!parsed.ok) return;
+    expect(parsed.value.records[1]?.fixups).toMatchObject({
+      sequenceNumber: 9,
+      verifiedSectors: 1,
+      mismatchSector: 1,
+    });
+    expect(parsed.value.metadata.fixup_mismatch_count).toBe(1);
+    expect(parsed.value.limitations.join(" ")).toMatch(
+      /1 record\(s\) hold a sector trailer/u,
+    );
+  });
+
+  it("treats a missing update sequence array as unverified rather than clean", () => {
+    const parsed = parseMftImage(streamOf(recordOf({ usaEntries: 0 })));
+    expect(parsed.ok).toBe(true);
+    if (!parsed.ok) return;
+    expect(parsed.value.records[0]?.fixups).toMatchObject({
+      malformed: true,
+      mismatchSector: null,
+      coveredSectors: 0,
+    });
+    expect(parsed.value.metadata.fixup_mismatch_count).toBe(0);
+    expect(parsed.value.metadata.fixup_unverified_record_count).toBe(1);
+    expect(parsed.value.limitations.join(" ")).toMatch(
+      /invalid or incomplete update sequence array/u,
+    );
+  });
+
+  it.each([
+    [48, 4],
+    [49, 3],
+    [508, 3],
+  ])(
+    "rejects a malformed update sequence array at %i with %i entries",
+    (offset, count) => {
+      const bytes = recordOf();
+      const view = new DataView(bytes.buffer);
+      view.setUint16(4, offset, true);
+      view.setUint16(6, count, true);
+
+      const parsed = parseMftImage(bytes);
+      if (!parsed.ok) throw new Error(parsed.error.message);
+      expect(parsed.value.records[0]?.fixups).toMatchObject({
+        malformed: true,
+        verifiedSectors: 0,
+      });
+      expect(parsed.value.metadata.fixup_unverified_record_count).toBe(1);
+    },
+  );
+
+  it("counts uncovered sectors independently of a mismatched trailer", () => {
+    const parsed = parseMftImage(
+      recordOf({ recordBytes: 4096, usaEntries: 3, corruptSector: 0 }),
+    );
+    if (!parsed.ok) throw new Error(parsed.error.message);
+    expect(parsed.value.metadata).toMatchObject({
+      fixup_mismatch_count: 1,
+      fixup_unverified_record_count: 1,
+    });
+    expect(parsed.value.limitations.join(" ")).toContain(
+      "invalid or incomplete",
+    );
+  });
+
+  it("reports an array that covers fewer sectors than the record has", () => {
+    // A 4 KiB record holds eight sectors; a three-entry array leaves five unverified.
+    const parsed = parseMftImage(
+      streamOf(recordOf({ recordBytes: 4096, usaEntries: 3 })),
+    );
+    expect(parsed.ok).toBe(true);
+    if (!parsed.ok) return;
+    expect(parsed.value.records[0]?.fixups).toMatchObject({
+      coveredSectors: 2,
+      verifiedSectors: 2,
+      mismatchSector: null,
+      malformed: false,
+    });
+    expect(parsed.value.metadata.fixup_unverified_record_count).toBe(1);
+  });
+});
+
+describe("MFT record slots", () => {
+  it("distinguishes extension records from base records", () => {
+    const parsed = parseMftImage(
+      streamOf(
+        recordOf(),
+        recordOf({
+          flags: 0x0005,
+          baseRecordReference: 0xabcd_fedc_ba98_7654n,
+        }),
+      ),
+    );
+    expect(parsed.ok).toBe(true);
+    if (!parsed.ok) return;
+    expect(parsed.value.records[1]).toMatchObject({
+      baseRecordReference: {
+        recordNumber: 0xfedc_ba98_7654,
+        sequenceNumber: 0xabcd,
+      },
+      flags: { raw: 0x0005, names: ["in-use", "system"] },
+    });
+    expect(parsed.value.metadata.extension_record_count).toBe(1);
+  });
+
+  it("names directory records without losing the in-use flag", () => {
+    const parsed = parseMftImage(streamOf(recordOf({ flags: 0x0003 })));
+    expect(parsed.ok).toBe(true);
+    if (!parsed.ok) return;
+    expect(parsed.value.records[0]).toMatchObject({
+      directory: true,
+      inUse: true,
+      flags: { names: ["in-use", "directory"] },
+    });
+    expect(parsed.value.metadata.directory_record_count).toBe(1);
+  });
+
+  it("skips malformed and sparse slots without renumbering valid records", () => {
+    const stream = streamOf(
+      recordOf(),
+      recordOf(),
+      new Uint8Array(MFT_DEFAULT_RECORD_BYTES),
+      recordOf(),
+    );
+    stream.set(Buffer.from("BAAD", "latin1"), MFT_DEFAULT_RECORD_BYTES);
+    const parsed = parseMftImage(stream);
+    expect(parsed.ok).toBe(true);
+    if (!parsed.ok) return;
+    expect(parsed.value.metadata.record_count).toBe(2);
+    expect(
+      parsed.value.records.map(({ index, fileOffset }) => [index, fileOffset]),
+    ).toEqual([
+      [0, 0],
+      [3, 3 * MFT_DEFAULT_RECORD_BYTES],
+    ]);
+    expect(parsed.value.limitations).toEqual([
+      "record at 1024 does not begin with the FILE signature; 2 slot(s) without a FILE signature were found",
+    ]);
+  });
+
+  it("keeps a trailing partial record out of the inventory", () => {
+    const stream = new Uint8Array(1024 + 300);
+    stream.set(recordOf(), 0);
+    const parsed = parseMftImage(stream);
+    expect(parsed.ok).toBe(true);
+    if (!parsed.ok) return;
+    expect(parsed.value.metadata.record_count).toBe(1);
+    expect(parsed.value.metadata.truncated_tail_bytes).toBe(300);
+    expect(parsed.value.limitations.join(" ")).toMatch(
+      /300 trailing byte\(s\)/u,
+    );
+  });
+
+  it("falls back to the default record size when record 0 declares none", () => {
+    const record = recordOf();
+    new DataView(record.buffer).setUint32(28, 0, true);
+    const parsed = parseMftImage(record);
+    expect(parsed.ok).toBe(true);
+    if (!parsed.ok) return;
+    expect(parsed.value.recordBytes).toBe(MFT_DEFAULT_RECORD_BYTES);
+    expect(parsed.value.limitations.join(" ")).toMatch(
+      /not a supported power of two/u,
+    );
+  });
+
+  it("reads a 4 KiB record at its declared size", () => {
+    const parsed = parseMftImage(streamOf(recordOf({ recordBytes: 4096 })));
+    expect(parsed.ok).toBe(true);
+    if (!parsed.ok) return;
+    expect(parsed.value.recordBytes).toBe(4096);
+    expect(parsed.value.metadata.record_count).toBe(1);
+  });
+});
+
+describe("parseMftImage refusals and limits", () => {
+  it("refuses a file shorter than one record header", () => {
+    const parsed = parseMftImage(new Uint8Array(32));
+    expect(parsed.ok).toBe(false);
+    if (parsed.ok) return;
+    expect(parsed.error.message).toMatch(
+      /shorter than one 42-byte record header/u,
+    );
+  });
+
+  it("refuses bytes that do not start with the FILE signature", () => {
+    const parsed = parseMftImage(Buffer.alloc(2048, 0x41));
+    expect(parsed.ok).toBe(false);
+    if (parsed.ok) return;
+    expect(parsed.error.message).toMatch(
+      /does not begin with the FILE signature/u,
+    );
+  });
+
+  it("refuses a file above the fixed ceiling", () => {
+    const decoder = createMftDecoder(MFT_MAX_FILE_BYTES + 1);
+    expect(decoder.ok).toBe(false);
+    if (decoder.ok) return;
+    expect(decoder.error).toMatchObject({
+      kind: "limit",
+      boundary: "file-size",
+    });
+  });
+
+  it("refuses streams that differ from the admitted byte count", () => {
+    const stream = recordOf();
+    const short = createMftDecoder(stream.length + 1);
+    if (!short.ok) throw new Error(short.error.message);
+    expect(short.value.write(stream).ok).toBe(true);
+    expect(short.value.finish()).toMatchObject({
+      ok: false,
+      error: {
+        kind: "format",
+        message: "stream ended before the admitted file length",
+      },
+    });
+
+    const long = createMftDecoder(stream.length - 1);
+    if (!long.ok) throw new Error(long.error.message);
+    expect(long.value.write(stream)).toMatchObject({
+      ok: false,
+      error: {
+        kind: "format",
+        message: "received more bytes than the admitted file length",
+      },
+    });
+  });
+
+  it("returns the same inventory without retaining all the decoded records", () => {
+    const bytes = streamOf(...Array.from({ length: 33 }, () => recordOf()));
+    const decoder = createMftDecoder(bytes.length);
+    const parsed = parseMftImage(bytes);
+    if (!decoder.ok || !parsed.ok) throw new Error("invalid fixture");
+    expect(decoder.value.write(bytes).ok).toBe(true);
+    const inventory = decoder.value.finish();
+    if (!inventory.ok) throw new Error(inventory.error.message);
+    expect(inventory.value).not.toHaveProperty("records");
+    expect(inventory.value.metadata).toEqual(parsed.value.metadata);
+    expect(inventory.value.limitations).toEqual(parsed.value.limitations);
+  });
+
+  it("decodes the same stream through the chunked decoder", () => {
+    const stream = streamOf(recordOf(), recordOf({ flags: 0x0003 }));
+    const decoder = createMftDecoder(stream.length);
+    expect(decoder.ok).toBe(true);
+    if (!decoder.ok) return;
+    // Feed one byte past a record boundary so a chunk never aligns with a record.
+    for (const chunk of [stream.subarray(0, 1025), stream.subarray(1025)])
+      expect(decoder.value.write(chunk).ok).toBe(true);
+    const image = decoder.value.finish();
+    expect(image.ok).toBe(true);
+    if (!image.ok) return;
+    expect(image.value.metadata.record_count).toBe(2);
+    expect(image.value.metadata.directory_record_count).toBe(1);
+  });
+});

src/domain/windows/ntfsMft.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,512 @@
+import { err, ok, type Result } from "../result.js";
+import type {
+  RegionDecodeFailure,
+  RegionDecoder,
+} from "../firmware/regionDecoder.js";
+
+/** An NTFS FILE record begins with this signature. */
+const MFT_FILE_RECORD_MAGIC = "FILE";
+const MFT_FILE_RECORD_MAGIC_BYTES = 4;
+/** The shortest header worth reading: a FILE record header ends at `nextAttributeId`. */
+const NTFS_MFT_MIN_RECORD_BYTES = 42;
+
+const hasMftFileRecordSignature = (prefix: Uint8Array): boolean =>
+  prefix.length >= MFT_FILE_RECORD_MAGIC_BYTES &&
+  text(prefix.subarray(0, MFT_FILE_RECORD_MAGIC_BYTES)) ===
+    MFT_FILE_RECORD_MAGIC;
+
+/** A record's declared size is a power of two from 512 upward; 1024 is NTFS's default. */
+export const MFT_DEFAULT_RECORD_BYTES = 1024;
+const MFT_MIN_RECORD_BYTES = 512;
+const MFT_MAX_RECORD_BYTES = 65536;
+/** An update sequence array holds at least the sequence number and one fixup word. */
+const USA_MIN_ENTRIES = 2;
+/** NTFS fixes up one 512-byte sector at a time. */
+const FIXUP_SECTOR_BYTES = 512;
+/**
+ * Fixed whole-file ceiling. Records are inventoried from their headers only;
+ * attributes and their payloads are not decoded, so this is deliberately
+ * smaller than a volume's MFT can be.
+ */
+export const MFT_MAX_FILE_BYTES = 512 * 1024 * 1024;
+/** Limit the inline header sample independently of full stream coverage. */
+export const MFT_INLINE_HEADER_LIMIT = 32;
+
+/** FILE record header fields; offsets are from the record start. */
+const RECORD_HEADER = {
+  updateSequenceOffset: 4,
+  updateSequenceCount: 6,
+  logFileSequenceNumber: 8,
+  sequenceNumber: 16,
+  hardLinkCount: 18,
+  firstAttributeOffset: 20,
+  flags: 22,
+  usedBytes: 24,
+  totalBytes: 28,
+  baseRecordReference: 32,
+  nextAttributeId: 40,
+  recordNumber: 44,
+} as const;
+const RECORD_HEADER_WITH_NUMBER_BYTES = 48;
+
+const FILE_RECORD_IN_USE = 0x0001;
+const FILE_RECORD_IS_DIRECTORY = 0x0002;
+const FILE_RECORD_NAMES = new Map<number, string>([
+  [FILE_RECORD_IN_USE, "in-use"],
+  [FILE_RECORD_IS_DIRECTORY, "directory"],
+  [0x0004, "system"],
+  [0x0008, "view-index"],
+]);
+
+export interface MftRecordFixups {
+  /** The update sequence number the array's first entry holds, or 0 when absent. */
+  readonly sequenceNumber: number;
+  readonly entries: number;
+  /** Sectors whose trailer held the sequence number before a mismatch. */
+  readonly verifiedSectors: number;
+  /** Sectors the array covers; fewer than the record's sectors leaves a tail unverified. */
+  readonly coveredSectors: number;
+  /** The first sector whose trailer did not hold the sequence number, if any. */
+  readonly mismatchSector: number | null;
+  /** The array itself is missing, misplaced or too short to cover one sector. */
+  readonly malformed: boolean;
+}
+
+export interface MftFileReference {
+  readonly recordNumber: number;
+  readonly sequenceNumber: number;
+}
+
+const decodeMftFileReference = (reference: bigint): MftFileReference => ({
+  recordNumber: Number(reference & 0xffff_ffff_ffffn),
+  sequenceNumber: Number(reference >> 48n),
+});
+
+export interface MftRecord {
+  /** Zero-based ordinal of this record in the stream. */
+  readonly index: number;
+  /** File offset where the record starts. */
+  readonly fileOffset: number;
+  readonly sequenceNumber: number;
+  /** Hard link count as recorded; a zero count marks a record with no names. */
+  readonly hardLinkCount: number;
+  readonly flags: {
+    readonly raw: number;
+    readonly names: readonly string[];
+    readonly unknownMask: number;
+  };
+  readonly inUse: boolean;
+  readonly directory: boolean;
+  /** Used and allocated byte counts as declared by the FILE record. */
+  readonly usedBytes: number;
+  readonly totalBytes: number;
+  readonly extentValid: boolean;
+  /** The base record this is an extension of, or `null` for a base record. */
+  readonly baseRecordReference: MftFileReference | null;
+  /** The record number the header declares; `null` when the header predates the field. */
+  readonly declaredRecordNumber: number | null;
+  readonly recordNumberMatchesSlot: boolean | null;
+  /** `$LogFile` sequence number as recorded; no log is read. */
+  readonly logFileSequenceNumber: string;
+  /** Declared offset of the first attribute; no attribute decoding follows yet. */
+  readonly firstAttributeOffset: number;
+  /** Declared id of the next attribute; no attribute decoding follows yet. */
+  readonly nextAttributeId: number;
+  readonly fixups: MftRecordFixups;
+}
+
+export interface MftInventory {
+  readonly metadata: MftMetadata;
+  /** The record size the stream declared, or the fixed default when it did not. */
+  readonly recordBytes: number;
+  readonly limitations: readonly string[];
+}
+
+export interface MftImage extends MftInventory {
+  readonly records: readonly MftRecord[];
+}
+
+export interface MftMetadata {
+  readonly kind: "ntfs-mft";
+  readonly record_bytes: number;
+  readonly record_count: number;
+  readonly in_use_record_count: number;
+  readonly directory_record_count: number;
+  readonly extension_record_count: number;
+  readonly fixup_mismatch_count: number;
+  readonly fixup_unverified_record_count: number;
+  readonly truncated_tail_bytes: number;
+  readonly record_headers: readonly MftRecord[];
+  readonly omitted_record_headers: number;
+}
+
+const text = (ascii: Uint8Array): string =>
+  Buffer.from(ascii).toString("latin1");
+
+const failure = (
+  message: string,
+  boundary?: RegionDecodeFailure["boundary"],
+): RegionDecodeFailure => ({
+  kind: "format",
+  message,
+  ...(boundary === undefined ? {} : { boundary }),
+});
+
+const limit = (
+  message: string,
+  boundary?: RegionDecodeFailure["boundary"],
+): RegionDecodeFailure => ({
+  kind: "limit",
+  message,
+  ...(boundary === undefined ? {} : { boundary }),
+});
+
+const parseRecordFlags = (raw: number): MftRecord["flags"] => {
+  const names: string[] = [];
+  let unknownMask = raw;
+  for (const [bit, name] of FILE_RECORD_NAMES) {
+    if ((raw & bit) !== 0) names.push(name);
+    unknownMask &= ~bit;
+  }
+  return { raw, names, unknownMask };
+};
+
+const isRecordSize = (bytes: number): boolean =>
+  bytes >= MFT_MIN_RECORD_BYTES &&
+  bytes <= MFT_MAX_RECORD_BYTES &&
+  (bytes & (bytes - 1)) === 0;
+
+const updateSequenceArrayFits = (
+  offset: number,
+  entries: number,
+  sectors: number,
+): boolean =>
+  entries >= USA_MIN_ENTRIES &&
+  entries <= sectors + 1 &&
+  offset >= NTFS_MFT_MIN_RECORD_BYTES &&
+  offset % 2 === 0 &&
+  offset + entries * 2 <= FIXUP_SECTOR_BYTES - 2;
+
+/** Recognize a FILE header without requiring its trailers or attributes to verify. */
+export const hasMftFileRecordHeader = (prefix: Uint8Array): boolean => {
+  if (
+    prefix.length < NTFS_MFT_MIN_RECORD_BYTES ||
+    !hasMftFileRecordSignature(prefix)
+  )
+    return false;
+  const view = new DataView(
+    prefix.buffer,
+    prefix.byteOffset,
+    prefix.byteLength,
+  );
+  return (
+    isRecordSize(view.getUint32(RECORD_HEADER.totalBytes, true)) ||
+    updateSequenceArrayFits(
+      view.getUint16(RECORD_HEADER.updateSequenceOffset, true),
+      view.getUint16(RECORD_HEADER.updateSequenceCount, true),
+      MFT_DEFAULT_RECORD_BYTES / FIXUP_SECTOR_BYTES,
+    )
+  );
+};
+
+/**
+ * Parse FILE record headers and verify their update-sequence fixups.
+ *
+ * Only the record structure is established: attributes, their names, the
+ * filenames and the USN journal are left to later steps, so no path, timestamp
+ * or file identity beyond the record itself is claimed. A record whose fixup
+ * does not match keeps its header facts, because the stream still declares it,
+ * and the mismatch is reported on the record and counted in the metadata.
+ */
+export const parseMftImage = (
+  bytes: Uint8Array,
+): Result<MftImage, RegionDecodeFailure> => {
+  const records: MftRecord[] = [];
+  const inventory = scanMft(bytes, records);
+  return inventory.ok ? ok({ ...inventory.value, records }) : inventory;
+};
+
+const scanMft = (
+  bytes: Uint8Array,
+  retainedRecords?: MftRecord[],
+): Result<MftInventory, RegionDecodeFailure> => {
+  if (bytes.length < NTFS_MFT_MIN_RECORD_BYTES)
+    return err(
+      failure(
+        `file is ${String(bytes.length)} bytes, shorter than one ${String(NTFS_MFT_MIN_RECORD_BYTES)}-byte record header`,
+      ),
+    );
+  if (!hasMftFileRecordSignature(bytes))
+    return err(failure("record 0 does not begin with the FILE signature"));
+
+  const limitations: string[] = [];
+  const header = new DataView(bytes.buffer, bytes.byteOffset, bytes.byteLength);
+  const declaredRecordBytes = header.getUint32(RECORD_HEADER.totalBytes, true);
+  const recordBytes = isRecordSize(declaredRecordBytes)
+    ? declaredRecordBytes
+    : MFT_DEFAULT_RECORD_BYTES;
+  if (!isRecordSize(declaredRecordBytes))
+    limitations.push(
+      `record 0 declares a record size of ${String(declaredRecordBytes)} bytes, which is not a supported power of two from ${String(MFT_MIN_RECORD_BYTES)} to ${String(MFT_MAX_RECORD_BYTES)}; records were read at the ${String(MFT_DEFAULT_RECORD_BYTES)}-byte default`,
+    );
+
+  const recordHeaders: MftRecord[] = [];
+  let recordCount = 0;
+  let inUseCount = 0;
+  let directoryCount = 0;
+  let extensionCount = 0;
+  let mismatchCount = 0;
+  let unverifiedCount = 0;
+  let invalidSlots = 0;
+  let invalidExtents = 0;
+  let inconsistentRecordNumbers = 0;
+  let firstInvalidExtentOffset: number | undefined;
+  let firstInvalidOffset: number | undefined;
+  for (
+    let offset = 0;
+    offset + recordBytes <= bytes.length;
+    offset += recordBytes
+  ) {
+    if (
+      !hasMftFileRecordSignature(
+        bytes.subarray(offset, offset + MFT_FILE_RECORD_MAGIC_BYTES),
+      )
+    ) {
+      invalidSlots += 1;
+      firstInvalidOffset ??= offset;
+      if (!isRecordSize(declaredRecordBytes)) break;
+      continue;
+    }
+    const record = readRecord(bytes, offset, offset / recordBytes, recordBytes);
+    retainedRecords?.push(record);
+    if (recordHeaders.length < MFT_INLINE_HEADER_LIMIT)
+      recordHeaders.push(record);
+    recordCount += 1;
+    if (record.inUse) inUseCount += 1;
+    if (record.directory) directoryCount += 1;
+    if (record.baseRecordReference !== null) extensionCount += 1;
+    if (record.fixups.mismatchSector !== null) mismatchCount += 1;
+    if (
+      record.fixups.malformed ||
+      record.fixups.coveredSectors < recordBytes / FIXUP_SECTOR_BYTES
+    )
+      unverifiedCount += 1;
+    if (record.recordNumberMatchesSlot === false)
+      inconsistentRecordNumbers += 1;
+    if (!record.extentValid) {
+      invalidExtents += 1;
+      firstInvalidExtentOffset ??= offset;
+    }
+  }
+  if (firstInvalidOffset !== undefined)
+    limitations.push(
+      `record at ${String(firstInvalidOffset)} does not begin with the FILE signature; ${String(invalidSlots)} slot(s) without a FILE signature were found`,
+    );
+
+  if (firstInvalidExtentOffset !== undefined)
+    limitations.push(
+      `${String(invalidExtents)} FILE record(s) declare inconsistent record extents, beginning at offset ${String(firstInvalidExtentOffset)}`,
+    );
+
+  if (inconsistentRecordNumbers !== 0)
+    limitations.push(
+      `${String(inconsistentRecordNumbers)} FILE record(s) declare a record number that disagrees with their stream slot`,
+    );
+
+  const truncatedTailBytes = bytes.length % recordBytes;
+  if (truncatedTailBytes !== 0)
+    limitations.push(
+      `${String(truncatedTailBytes)} trailing byte(s) do not fill a ${String(recordBytes)}-byte record and were not parsed`,
+    );
+
+  if (mismatchCount !== 0)
+    limitations.push(
+      `${String(mismatchCount)} record(s) hold a sector trailer that is not the update sequence number; their attributes were not read and no later step should trust them`,
+    );
+  if (unverifiedCount !== 0)
+    limitations.push(
+      `${String(unverifiedCount)} record(s) carry an invalid or incomplete update sequence array; their sector trailers were not fully verified`,
+    );
+
+  const metadata: MftMetadata = {
+    kind: "ntfs-mft",
+    record_bytes: recordBytes,
+    record_count: recordCount,
+    in_use_record_count: inUseCount,
+    directory_record_count: directoryCount,
+    extension_record_count: extensionCount,
+    fixup_mismatch_count: mismatchCount,
+    fixup_unverified_record_count: unverifiedCount,
+    truncated_tail_bytes: truncatedTailBytes,
+    record_headers: recordHeaders,
+    omitted_record_headers: recordCount - recordHeaders.length,
+  };
+
+  return ok({ metadata, recordBytes, limitations });
+};
+
+const readRecord = (
+  bytes: Uint8Array,
+  fileOffset: number,
+  index: number,
+  recordBytes: number,
+): MftRecord => {
+  const record = bytes.subarray(fileOffset, fileOffset + recordBytes);
+  const view = new DataView(
+    record.buffer,
+    record.byteOffset,
+    record.byteLength,
+  );
+
+  const flags = view.getUint16(RECORD_HEADER.flags, true);
+  const baseRecordReference = view.getBigUint64(
+    RECORD_HEADER.baseRecordReference,
+    true,
+  );
+
+  const usaOffset = view.getUint16(RECORD_HEADER.updateSequenceOffset, true);
+  const fixups = verifyFixups(record, view, usaOffset);
+  const usedBytes = view.getUint32(RECORD_HEADER.usedBytes, true);
+  const totalBytes = view.getUint32(RECORD_HEADER.totalBytes, true);
+  const firstAttributeOffset = view.getUint16(
+    RECORD_HEADER.firstAttributeOffset,
+    true,
+  );
+
+  const declaredRecordNumber =
+    !fixups.malformed && usaOffset >= RECORD_HEADER_WITH_NUMBER_BYTES
+      ? view.getUint32(RECORD_HEADER.recordNumber, true)
+      : null;
+
+  return {
+    index,
+    fileOffset,
+    sequenceNumber: view.getUint16(RECORD_HEADER.sequenceNumber, true),
+    hardLinkCount: view.getUint16(RECORD_HEADER.hardLinkCount, true),
+    flags: parseRecordFlags(flags),
+    inUse: (flags & FILE_RECORD_IN_USE) !== 0,
+    directory: (flags & FILE_RECORD_IS_DIRECTORY) !== 0,
+    usedBytes,
+    totalBytes,
+    extentValid:
+      totalBytes === recordBytes &&
+      usedBytes >= NTFS_MFT_MIN_RECORD_BYTES &&
+      usedBytes % 8 === 0 &&
+      usedBytes <= totalBytes &&
+      firstAttributeOffset % 8 === 0 &&
+      firstAttributeOffset >= NTFS_MFT_MIN_RECORD_BYTES &&
+      firstAttributeOffset + 4 <= usedBytes &&
+      (fixups.malformed ||
+        firstAttributeOffset >= usaOffset + fixups.entries * 2),
+    baseRecordReference:
+      baseRecordReference === 0n
+        ? null
+        : decodeMftFileReference(baseRecordReference),
+    declaredRecordNumber,
+    recordNumberMatchesSlot:
+      declaredRecordNumber === null ? null : declaredRecordNumber === index,
+    logFileSequenceNumber: view
+      .getBigUint64(RECORD_HEADER.logFileSequenceNumber, true)
+      .toString(),
+    firstAttributeOffset,
+    nextAttributeId: view.getUint16(RECORD_HEADER.nextAttributeId, true),
+    fixups,
+  };
+};
+
+/**
+ * Each sector's last two bytes are replaced on disk by the update sequence
+ * number; the array's first entry is that number and the rest are the saved
+ * trailer words. A sector whose trailer is not the sequence number was not
+ * cleanly written, so the record's attributes cannot be trusted.
+ */
+const verifyFixups = (
+  record: Uint8Array,
+  view: DataView,
+  usaOffset: number,
+): MftRecordFixups => {
+  const usaCount = view.getUint16(RECORD_HEADER.updateSequenceCount, true);
+  const sectors = Math.floor(record.length / FIXUP_SECTOR_BYTES);
+  // Entry 0 holds the sequence number, so sector n's saved trailer is entry n+1.
+  const coveredSectors = Math.max(0, usaCount - 1);
+
+  if (!updateSequenceArrayFits(usaOffset, usaCount, sectors))
+    return {
+      sequenceNumber: 0,
+      entries: usaCount,
+      verifiedSectors: 0,
+      coveredSectors: 0,
+      mismatchSector: null,
+      malformed: true,
+    };
+
+  const sequenceNumber = view.getUint16(usaOffset, true);
+  if (sequenceNumber === 0 || sequenceNumber === 0xffff)
+    return {
+      sequenceNumber,
+      entries: usaCount,
+      verifiedSectors: 0,
+      coveredSectors,
+      mismatchSector: null,
+      malformed: true,
+    };
+  for (let sector = 0; sector < coveredSectors; sector += 1) {
+    const trailerOffset = sector * FIXUP_SECTOR_BYTES + FIXUP_SECTOR_BYTES - 2;
+    if (view.getUint16(trailerOffset, true) !== sequenceNumber)
+      return {
+        sequenceNumber,
+        entries: usaCount,
+        verifiedSectors: sector,
+        coveredSectors,
+        mismatchSector: sector,
+        malformed: false,
+      };
+  }
+
+  return {
+    sequenceNumber,
+    entries: usaCount,
+    verifiedSectors: coveredSectors,
+    coveredSectors,
+    mismatchSector: null,
+    malformed: false,
+  };
+};
+
+/** Buffer the admitted input once while accepting arbitrary chunk boundaries. */
+class StreamingMftDecoder implements RegionDecoder<MftInventory> {
+  readonly #bytes: Uint8Array;
+  #written = 0;
+
+  constructor(fileBytes: number) {
+    this.#bytes = new Uint8Array(fileBytes);
+  }
+
+  write(chunk: Uint8Array): Result<void, RegionDecodeFailure> {
+    if (chunk.length > this.#bytes.length - this.#written)
+      return err(failure("received more bytes than the admitted file length"));
+    this.#bytes.set(chunk, this.#written);
+    this.#written += chunk.length;
+    return ok(undefined);
+  }
+
+  finish(): Result<MftInventory, RegionDecodeFailure> {
+    if (this.#written !== this.#bytes.length)
+      return err(failure("stream ended before the admitted file length"));
+    return scanMft(this.#bytes);
+  }
+}
+
+export const createMftDecoder = (
+  fileBytes: number,
+): Result<RegionDecoder<MftInventory>, RegionDecodeFailure> =>
+  Number.isSafeInteger(fileBytes) &&
+  fileBytes >= 0 &&
+  fileBytes <= MFT_MAX_FILE_BYTES
+    ? ok(new StreamingMftDecoder(fileBytes))
+    : err(
+        limit(
+          `file is ${String(fileBytes)} bytes, exceeding the fixed ${String(MFT_MAX_FILE_BYTES)}-byte (512 MiB) ceiling`,
+          "file-size",
+        ),
+      );

src/ghidra/GhidraFunctionValues.test.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-import { readFile } from "node:fs/promises";
 import { describe, expect, it } from "vitest";
 
 import type { JsonValue } from "../domain/jsonValue.js";
@@ -1120,25 +1119,6 @@ describe("Ghidra native instruction decoder context for ARM TMode and MIPS ISA_M
   });
 });
 
-describe("Ghidra bridge script processor context contract", () => {
-  it("binds TMode to ARM and ISA_MODE to MIPS in ReaGhidraBridge.java", async () => {
-    const bridgePath = new URL(
-      "../../bridge/ghidra/ReaGhidraBridge.java",
-      import.meta.url,
-    );
-    const content = await readFile(bridgePath, "utf8");
-    expect(content).toContain(
-      'currentProgram.getLanguageID().getIdAsString().startsWith("ARM:")',
-    );
-    expect(content).toContain(
-      'currentProgram.getLanguageID().getIdAsString().startsWith("MIPS:")',
-    );
-    expect(content).toContain('"TMode"');
-    expect(content).toContain('"ISA_MODE"');
-    expect(content).toContain('"ghidra-program-context"');
-  });
-});
-
 describe("Ghidra dossier nested boundary composition", () => {
   const identityLocations = [
     "caller",

src/gpu/GpuElfKernels.ts

@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ const sectionBytes = (
   section: NativeSection,
   budget?: CudaMetadataBudget,
 ): Promise<Buffer> => {
-  if (!section.file_backed || (section.flags & 0x800n) !== 0n)
+  if (!section.file_backed || section.compressed)
     rejectGpu("GPU metadata section has no supported uncompressed file range");
   budget?.read(gpuCount(section.size));
   return source.read(gpuCount(section.offset), gpuCount(section.size));

src/gpu/GpuInventory.ts

@@ -194,10 +194,7 @@ export class GpuInventory {
             continue;
           }
           if (!isGpuSection(section.name)) continue;
-          if (
-            !section.file_backed ||
-            (directory.format === "elf" && (section.flags & 0x800n) !== 0n)
-          ) {
+          if (!section.file_backed || section.compressed) {
             this.discovery = "partial";
             const message = `GPU section ${section.index} has no supported uncompressed file range`;
             this.#retain(message);

src/native/android/AndroidJniLibrary.ts

@@ -340,11 +340,7 @@ export const inspectAndroidJniLibrary = async (
       for (const section of directory.sections) {
         if ((section.flags & 3n) !== 3n || section.size === 0n) continue;
         active();
-        if (
-          (section.flags & 0x800n) !== 0n ||
-          !section.file_backed ||
-          section.type === 8
-        ) {
+        if (section.compressed || !section.file_backed || section.type === 8) {
           tablesStatus = "partial";
           unknowns.add(
             "Allocated writable sections without ordinary file bytes were not scanned; runtime-built tables remain unknown",

src/native/elf/ElfUnwindTables.test.ts

@@ -462,6 +462,33 @@ const findSection = (bytes: Buffer, name: string) => {
   throw new Error(`fixture has no ${name}`);
 };
 
+it.each(["compressed-symbols", "compressed-names", "non-string-names"])(
+  "retains unwind ranges without interpreting %s as ordinary symbol storage",
+  (storage) => {
+    const bytes = elfUnwindFixture({ header: "match" });
+    expect(parse(bytes).ranges[0]?.symbol?.text).toBe("alpha");
+    const section = findSection(
+      bytes,
+      storage === "compressed-symbols" ? ".symtab" : ".strtab",
+    );
+    if (storage === "non-string-names")
+      bytes.writeUInt32LE(1, section.headerOffset + 4);
+    else bytes.writeBigUInt64LE(0x800n, section.headerOffset + 8);
+
+    const report = parse(bytes);
+    expect(report.ranges.map(({ start }) => start)).toEqual([
+      address(UNWIND_FN_A),
+      address(UNWIND_FN_B),
+    ]);
+    expect(report.ranges.map(({ symbol }) => symbol)).toEqual([null, null]);
+    expect(report.coverage).toMatchObject({
+      status: "incomplete",
+      ranges_with_symbols: 0,
+      eh_frame_hdr_agreement: "agree",
+    });
+  },
+);
+
 it("keeps .eh_frame ranges when .debug_frame is SHT_NOBITS", () => {
   const report = parse(
     elfUnwindFixture({
@@ -591,6 +618,18 @@ it("caps symbol lookup across .symtab and .dynsym together", () => {
   );
 });
 
+it("keeps the symbol scan allowance for later tables when an earlier table has no string table", () => {
+  const bytes = elfUnwindFixture({ header: "match", symbolCap: true });
+  const section = findSection(bytes, ".symtab");
+  bytes.writeUInt32LE(0, section.headerOffset + 40);
+  const report = parse(bytes);
+  expect(report.ranges[0]?.symbol?.text).toBe("alpha");
+  expect(report.coverage.status).toBe("incomplete");
+  expect(report.limitations).not.toContain(
+    "Symbol tables were capped at 65536 combined entries.",
+  );
+});
+
 it.each([".eh_frame", ".eh_frame_hdr"] as const)(
   "reports coverage incomplete when a duplicate %s is ignored",
   (duplicate) => {
@@ -665,6 +704,22 @@ it.each([
   },
 );
 
+it("keeps the GOT unknown when compressed dynamic storage resembles decoded entries", () => {
+  const bytes = elfUnwindFixture({ header: "match", datarel: "dynamic" });
+  const section = findSection(bytes, ".dynamic");
+  // The payload still resembles ordinary DT_PLTGOT/DT_NULL entries, but the
+  // declaration makes it opaque compressed storage, not a decoded table.
+  bytes.writeBigUInt64LE(0x800n, section.headerOffset + 8);
+  const report = parse(bytes);
+  expect(report.ranges.map((range) => range.start)).not.toContain(
+    address(UNWIND_FN_A),
+  );
+  expect(report.coverage.status).toBe("incomplete");
+  expect(report.limitations).toContain(
+    "A DW_EH_PE_datarel .eh_frame value needs a GOT base that could not be determined; that value is unresolved.",
+  );
+});
+
 it("caps .eh_frame_hdr rows at the max_ranges budget and marks the comparison incomplete", () => {
   const report = parse(elfUnwindFixture({ header: "duplicate-row" }), {
     max_ranges: 2,

src/native/elf/ElfUnwindTables.ts

@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@ const AUG_R = 0x52;
 const AUG_S = 0x53;
 const AUG_B = 0x42;
 const SHT_SYMTAB = 2;
+const SHT_STRTAB = 3;
 const SHT_DYNAMIC = 6;
 const SHT_NOBITS = 8;
 const SHT_DYNSYM = 11;
@@ -49,7 +50,6 @@ const SHN_ABS = 0xfff1;
 const SHN_LORESERVE = 0xff00;
 const SHF_ALLOC = 2n;
 const SHF_EXECINSTR = 4n;
-const SHF_COMPRESSED = 0x800n;
 
 const {
   cfa: CFA_LIMITATION,
@@ -639,7 +639,7 @@ export const parseElfUnwindRanges = (
           ? ".eh_frame_hdr is declared but not file-backed."
           : ".eh_frame_hdr extends past the end of the file and was not decoded.",
       );
-    } else if ((hdrSection.flags & SHF_COMPRESSED) !== 0n) {
+    } else if (hdrSection.compressed) {
       headerLocation = placement.location;
       headerStatus = "incomplete";
       fail(".eh_frame_hdr is SHF_COMPRESSED and was not decompressed.");
@@ -705,7 +705,7 @@ export const parseElfUnwindRanges = (
     } else if (frameLocation === null) {
       frameStatus = "incomplete";
       fail(".eh_frame lies outside the file.");
-    } else if ((ehSection.flags & SHF_COMPRESSED) !== 0n) {
+    } else if (ehSection.compressed) {
       frameStatus = "incomplete";
       fail(".eh_frame is SHF_COMPRESSED and was not decompressed.");
     } else {
@@ -1135,7 +1135,12 @@ const resolveGotBase = (
       ? undefined
       : { offset: dynamicProgram.offset, fileSize: dynamicProgram.size }) ??
     directory.sections
-      .filter((section) => section.type === SHT_DYNAMIC && section.file_backed)
+      .filter(
+        (section) =>
+          section.type === SHT_DYNAMIC &&
+          section.file_backed &&
+          !section.compressed,
+      )
       .map((section) => ({
         offset: section.offset,
         fileSize: section.size,
@@ -1814,6 +1819,10 @@ const scanSymbols = (
   let remaining = MAX_ELF_UNWIND_SYMBOLS;
   for (const table of tables) {
     assertArtifactReadActive(signal);
+    if (table.compressed) {
+      fail("A symbol table is SHF_COMPRESSED and was not decompressed.");
+      continue;
+    }
     const width = table.entry_size === 0n ? standard : Number(table.entry_size);
     if (width !== standard) {
       fail(
@@ -1829,6 +1838,15 @@ const scanSymbols = (
     const size = Number(table.size);
     if (size % width !== 0)
       fail("A symbol table size is not a multiple of its entry width.");
+    const strings = byIndex.get(table.link);
+    if (strings?.type !== SHT_STRTAB || !strings.file_backed) {
+      fail("A symbol table does not link to a file-backed SHT_STRTAB section.");
+      continue;
+    }
+    if (strings.compressed) {
+      fail("A symbol string table is SHF_COMPRESSED and was not decompressed.");
+      continue;
+    }
     let count = Math.floor(size / width);
     if (count > remaining) {
       fail(
@@ -1837,15 +1855,10 @@ const scanSymbols = (
       count = remaining;
     }
     remaining -= count;
-    const strings = byIndex.get(table.link);
-    const stringBytes =
-      strings !== undefined && strings.file_backed
-        ? bytes.subarray(
-            Number(strings.offset),
-            Number(strings.offset + strings.size),
-          )
-        : null;
-    if (stringBytes === null) fail("A symbol string table could not be read.");
+    const stringBytes = bytes.subarray(
+      Number(strings.offset),
+      Number(strings.offset + strings.size),
+    );
     // Observation per string-table offset; null when the name is unreadable.
     const names = new Map<number, SymbolName | null>();
     for (let index = 0; index < count; index += 1) {
@@ -1878,7 +1891,7 @@ const scanSymbols = (
         if (owner !== undefined) address += owner.address;
       }
       // Only a symbol at a decoded FDE start can name a range.
-      if (stringBytes === null || !wanted.has(address)) continue;
+      if (!wanted.has(address)) continue;
       let name = names.get(symbol.name_offset);
       if (name === undefined) {
         const observed = observeElfStringTableEntry(

src/native/exports/NativeExportParser.test.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import { describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
+import { deflateSync } from "node:zlib";
 
 import {
   elfExportImage,
@@ -22,6 +23,172 @@ const parse = (bytes: Buffer) =>
     parseNativeExports(bytes, artifact),
   );
 
+/** Encode real gABI compressed storage, retaining logical section links. */
+const compressExportSection = (
+  bytes: Buffer,
+  sectionIndex: number,
+  versionStrings = false,
+): Buffer => {
+  const wide = bytes[4] === 2;
+  const little = bytes[5] === 1;
+  const view = new DataView(bytes.buffer, bytes.byteOffset, bytes.byteLength);
+  const word = (at: number) =>
+    Number(wide ? view.getBigUint64(at, little) : view.getUint32(at, little));
+  const table = word(wide ? 40 : 32);
+  const width = wide ? 64 : 40;
+  const section = table + sectionIndex * width;
+  const offset = word(section + (wide ? 24 : 16));
+  const size = word(section + (wide ? 32 : 20));
+  const header = Buffer.alloc(wide ? 24 : 12);
+  const chdr = new DataView(
+    header.buffer,
+    header.byteOffset,
+    header.byteLength,
+  );
+  chdr.setUint32(0, 1, little); // ELFCOMPRESS_ZLIB
+  if (wide) {
+    chdr.setBigUint64(8, BigInt(size), little);
+    chdr.setBigUint64(16, 1n, little);
+  } else {
+    chdr.setUint32(4, size, little);
+    chdr.setUint32(8, 1, little);
+  }
+  const storage = Buffer.concat([
+    header,
+    deflateSync(bytes.subarray(offset, offset + size)),
+  ]);
+  const count = view.getUint16(wide ? 60 : 48, little);
+  const result = Buffer.concat([
+    bytes,
+    Buffer.alloc(versionStrings ? width : 0),
+    storage,
+  ]);
+  const updated = new DataView(
+    result.buffer,
+    result.byteOffset,
+    result.byteLength,
+  );
+  const setWord = (at: number, value: number) =>
+    wide
+      ? updated.setBigUint64(at, BigInt(value), little)
+      : updated.setUint32(at, value, little);
+  const target = versionStrings ? table + count * width : section;
+  if (versionStrings) {
+    bytes.copy(result, target, section, section + width);
+    updated.setUint16(wide ? 60 : 48, count + 1, little);
+    // Definitions and requirements use the copied string table; dynsym keeps
+    // its original uncompressed table and still supplies trustworthy names.
+    for (const index of [4, 5])
+      updated.setUint32(
+        table + index * width + (wide ? 40 : 24),
+        count,
+        little,
+      );
+  }
+  setWord(target + 8, 0x800); // SHF_COMPRESSED, without SHF_ALLOC
+  setWord(
+    target + (wide ? 24 : 16),
+    bytes.length + (versionStrings ? width : 0),
+  );
+  setWord(target + (wide ? 32 : 20), storage.length);
+  return result;
+};
+
+it.each(
+  ([32, 64] as const).flatMap((bits) =>
+    (
+      [
+        "symbols",
+        "strings",
+        "indices",
+        "definitions",
+        "requirements",
+        "version-strings",
+      ] as const
+    ).map((kind) => ({ bits, kind })),
+  ),
+)(
+  "keeps compressed ELF$bits $kind distinct from logical table bytes",
+  ({ bits, kind }) => {
+    for (const little of [false, true]) {
+      const bytes = elfExportImage({
+        bits,
+        little,
+        symbols: [
+          { name: "defined", version: 2 },
+          { name: "required", version: 3 },
+        ],
+        versionDefinitions: ["lib.so", "DEFINED"],
+        versionRequirements: [{ index: 3, name: "REQUIRED" }],
+      });
+      expect(parse(bytes)).toMatchObject({
+        coverage: { status: "complete", exports: 2 },
+      });
+      const index = {
+        symbols: 1,
+        strings: 2,
+        indices: 3,
+        definitions: 4,
+        requirements: 5,
+        "version-strings": 2,
+      }[kind];
+      const result = parse(
+        compressExportSection(bytes, index, kind === "version-strings"),
+      );
+      if (kind === "symbols" || kind === "strings") {
+        expect(result).toMatchObject({
+          exports: [],
+          coverage: {
+            status: "unsupported",
+            examined_entries: 0,
+            reason: expect.stringContaining("SHF_COMPRESSED"),
+          },
+        });
+      } else {
+        expect(result).toMatchObject({
+          coverage: { status: "partial", exports: 2 },
+          exports: [
+            {
+              name: "defined",
+              version:
+                kind === "indices"
+                  ? "unknown"
+                  : {
+                      index: 2,
+                      name:
+                        kind === "definitions" || kind === "version-strings"
+                          ? null
+                          : "DEFINED",
+                    },
+            },
+            {
+              name: "required",
+              version:
+                kind === "indices"
+                  ? "unknown"
+                  : {
+                      index: 3,
+                      name:
+                        kind === "definitions" ||
+                        kind === "requirements" ||
+                        kind === "version-strings"
+                          ? null
+                          : "REQUIRED",
+                    },
+            },
+          ],
+        });
+        expect(result.issues).toContainEqual(
+          expect.objectContaining({
+            code: "version_unresolved",
+            message: expect.stringContaining("SHF_COMPRESSED"),
+          }),
+        );
+      }
+    }
+  },
+);
+
 it.each(["requirements", "definitions"] as const)(
   "bounds aliased GNU version %s work and keeps exports with unknown versions",
   (kind) => {
@@ -706,13 +873,12 @@ describe("ELF version requirements", () => {
   });
 
   it("uses a definition name when a requirement shares its index", () => {
-    const result = parse(
-      elfExportImage({
-        symbols: [{ name: "ambiguous", version: 2 }],
-        versionDefinitions: ["libfixture.so", "DEFINITION"],
-        versionRequirements: [{ index: 2, name: "REQUIREMENT" }],
-      }),
-    );
+    const bytes = elfExportImage({
+      symbols: [{ name: "ambiguous", version: 2 }],
+      versionDefinitions: ["libfixture.so", "DEFINITION"],
+      versionRequirements: [{ index: 2, name: "REQUIREMENT" }],
+    });
+    const result = parse(bytes);
 
     expect(result.exports).toMatchObject([
       {
@@ -722,6 +888,10 @@ describe("ELF version requirements", () => {
     ]);
     expect(result.coverage.status).toBe("complete");
     expect(result.issues).toEqual([]);
+    expect(parse(compressExportSection(bytes, 4))).toMatchObject({
+      exports: [{ name: "ambiguous", version: { index: 2, name: null } }],
+      coverage: { status: "partial" },
+    });
   });
 
   it("retains exports and reports a truncated version-requirement chain", () => {

src/native/exports/NativeExportParser.ts

@@ -294,12 +294,22 @@ const versionSectionData = (
   table: { readonly offset: number; readonly size: number };
   names: Buffer;
 } => {
+  if (section.compressed)
+    throw new BinaryFormatFailure(
+      "unsupported",
+      `${label} are SHF_COMPRESSED and were not decompressed`,
+    );
   const strings = sections[section.link];
   if (strings?.type !== SHT_STRTAB)
     throw new BinaryFormatFailure(
       "malformed",
       `${label} do not link to a string table`,
     );
+  if (strings.compressed)
+    throw new BinaryFormatFailure(
+      "unsupported",
+      `${label} strings are SHF_COMPRESSED and were not decompressed`,
+    );
   const stringRange = reader.fileRange(
     strings.offset,
     strings.size,
@@ -545,7 +555,13 @@ function* readVersionNames(
         }
       }
     } catch (cause) {
-      if (cause instanceof ElfVersionWorkFailure) namesByIndex.clear();
+      // An unread compressed definition table may replace any requirement
+      // index. Its absence cannot justify falling back to requirement names.
+      if (
+        cause instanceof ElfVersionWorkFailure ||
+        (cause instanceof BinaryFormatFailure && cause.kind === "unsupported")
+      )
+        namesByIndex.clear();
       issues.push({
         code: "version_unresolved",
         location: hex(verdef.offset),
@@ -605,6 +621,32 @@ function* parseElfExports(
     };
   const width = directory.bits === 64 ? 24 : 16;
   const strings = sections[dynsym.link];
+  const compressed = dynsym.compressed
+    ? dynsym
+    : strings?.type === SHT_STRTAB && strings.compressed
+      ? strings
+      : null;
+  if (compressed !== null) {
+    const reason = `The ELF ${compressed === dynsym ? "dynamic symbol table" : "dynamic string table"} is SHF_COMPRESSED and was not decompressed; export identities remain unknown`;
+    return {
+      ...result,
+      exports: [],
+      coverage: {
+        status: "unsupported",
+        reason,
+        examined_entries: 0,
+        exports: 0,
+      },
+      issues: [
+        {
+          code: "table_unavailable",
+          location: hex(compressed.offset),
+          message: reason,
+        },
+      ],
+      limitations: ELF_LIMITATIONS,
+    };
+  }
   if (
     dynsym.entry_size !== BigInt(width) ||
     dynsym.size % BigInt(width) !== 0n ||
@@ -647,6 +689,11 @@ function* parseElfExports(
   let versions: number | null = null;
   if (versym !== undefined) {
     try {
+      if (versym.compressed)
+        throw new BinaryFormatFailure(
+          "unsupported",
+          "ELF symbol versions are SHF_COMPRESSED and were not decompressed",
+        );
       if (versym.size !== BigInt(count * 2))
         throw new BinaryFormatFailure(
           "malformed",

src/native/hardening/BinaryHardeningParsers.test.ts

@@ -1405,13 +1405,40 @@ it("sizes an empty DT_GNU_HASH table only from an agreeing SHT_DYNSYM", () => {
     strings.readBigUInt64LE(elfSectionAt(strings, SHT_STRTAB) + 32) - 1n,
     elfSectionAt(strings, SHT_STRTAB) + 32,
   );
-  for (const bytes of [moved, offset, strings])
+  const compressedSymbols = Buffer.from(agreeing);
+  compressedSymbols.writeBigUInt64LE(0x800n, section + 8);
+  const compressedStrings = Buffer.from(agreeing);
+  compressedStrings.writeBigUInt64LE(
+    0x800n,
+    elfSectionAt(compressedStrings, SHT_STRTAB) + 8,
+  );
+  const wrongStringType = Buffer.from(agreeing);
+  wrongStringType.writeUInt32LE(
+    1,
+    elfSectionAt(wrongStringType, SHT_STRTAB) + 4,
+  );
+  for (const bytes of [
+    moved,
+    offset,
+    strings,
+    compressedSymbols,
+    compressedStrings,
+    wrongStringType,
+  ])
     expect(
       findRow(readElfHardening(bytes).rows, "stack_protector"),
     ).toMatchObject({
       state: "unknown",
       note: expect.stringContaining("DT_GNU_HASH"),
     });
+  // A loader-owned hash count needs no section fallback, so compressed section
+  // declarations cannot hide imports named by DT_SYMTAB and DT_STRTAB.
+  const hashed = elfHardeningFixture({ stackChk: true });
+  for (const type of [SHT_DYNSYM, SHT_STRTAB])
+    hashed.writeBigUInt64LE(0x800n, elfSectionAt(hashed, type) + 8);
+  expect(findRow(readElfHardening(hashed).rows, "stack_protector").state).toBe(
+    "enabled",
+  );
 });
 
 it("keeps an unresolved symbol count distinct from an absent table", () => {

src/native/hardening/ElfHardening.ts

@@ -51,6 +51,7 @@ import {
 const ET_EXEC = 2;
 const ET_DYN = 3;
 const SHT_SYMTAB = 2;
+const SHT_STRTAB = 3;
 const SHT_NOTE = 7;
 const SHT_DYNSYM = 11;
 const DT_NULL = 0n;
@@ -71,7 +72,6 @@ const DF_1_PIE = 0x08000000n;
 const PF_X = 1;
 const GNU_PROPERTY_AARCH64_FEATURE_1_AND = 0xc0000000;
 const GNU_PROPERTY_X86_FEATURE_1_AND = 0xc0000002;
-const SHF_COMPRESSED = 0x800n;
 /** Tags hardening reads as a single value. Repeating tags such as DT_NEEDED stay. */
 const SINGULAR_DYNAMIC_TAGS = new Set<bigint>([
   DT_HASH,
@@ -175,7 +175,6 @@ export const readElfHardening = (
   assertElfDeclaredRangesFromBuffer(bytes);
   const { bits, little, machine, programs, sections } = directory;
   const headerWidth = bits === 64 ? 56 : 32;
-  const symbolWidth = bits === 64 ? 24 : 16;
   const dynamicWidth = bits === 64 ? 16 : 8;
   const propertyAlign = bits === 64 ? 8 : 4;
   const loads = programs.filter(isSpan).filter((program) => program.type === 1);
@@ -546,10 +545,14 @@ const agreeingSectionCount = (
   if (dynsym === undefined) return null;
   const strings = sections[dynsym.link];
   if (
+    dynsym.compressed ||
+    strings === undefined ||
+    strings.compressed ||
+    strings.type !== SHT_STRTAB ||
     dynsym.address !== symtab.value ||
-    strings?.address !== dynamic.entries.get(DT_STRTAB)?.value ||
-    strings?.size !== dynamic.entries.get(DT_STRSZ)?.value ||
-    strings?.offset !== BigInt(dynamic.stringFileOffset ?? -1)
+    strings.address !== dynamic.entries.get(DT_STRTAB)?.value ||
+    strings.size !== dynamic.entries.get(DT_STRSZ)?.value ||
+    strings.offset !== BigInt(dynamic.stringFileOffset ?? -1)
   )
     return null;
   const entry = dynsym.entry_size === 0n ? BigInt(width) : dynsym.entry_size;
@@ -897,11 +900,10 @@ const readFeatureNotes = (
     if (section.type !== SHT_NOTE) continue;
     // An empty note section owns no bytes, so it has nothing to walk.
     if (section.size === 0n) continue;
-    const compressed = (section.flags & SHF_COMPRESSED) !== 0n;
-    if (compressed)
+    if (section.compressed)
       incomplete ??=
         "A compressed SHT_NOTE section may hold GNU property notes, and its descriptors were not read.";
-    if (compressed) {
+    if (section.compressed) {
       if (!section.file_backed) continue;
       otherSpans.push({
         offset: exact(section.offset, "SHT_NOTE offset"),

src/native/initializers/ElfInitializerSymbols.ts

@@ -124,11 +124,17 @@ const stringAt = (
   return { name: text, missing: false };
 };
 
-const tableBytes = (
+const stringTableBytes = (
   bytes: Buffer,
   section: NativeSection | undefined,
 ): Buffer | null => {
-  if (section === undefined || !section.file_backed) return null;
+  if (
+    section === undefined ||
+    section.type !== 3 ||
+    !section.file_backed ||
+    section.compressed
+  )
+    return null;
   const offset = Number(section.offset);
   const size = Number(section.size);
   if (offset < 0 || size < 0 || offset > bytes.length - size) return null;
@@ -144,9 +150,19 @@ const readTable = (
 ): {
   readonly symbols: ElfInitializerSymbol[];
   readonly truncated: boolean;
+  readonly incomplete: boolean;
 } => {
   const width = facts.bits === 64 ? 24 : 16;
-  const strings = tableBytes(facts.bytes, sections[section.link]);
+  const strings = stringTableBytes(facts.bytes, sections[section.link]);
+  const compressedStrings = sections[section.link]?.compressed === true;
+  if (compressedStrings)
+    notes.add(
+      "A symbol string table is compressed; its names were not decoded.",
+    );
+  else if (strings === null)
+    notes.add(
+      "A symbol table does not link a readable SHT_STRTAB section; its names were not decoded.",
+    );
   const start = Number(section.offset);
   const declared = section.size / BigInt(width);
   const count = Number(declared < BigInt(budget) ? declared : BigInt(budget));
@@ -177,7 +193,7 @@ const readTable = (
       type: parsed.value.type,
     });
   }
-  return { symbols, truncated: truncated || nameMissing };
+  return { symbols, truncated, incomplete: nameMissing || strings === null };
 };
 
 /** Load SHT_SYMTAB and SHT_DYNSYM once. Defined STT_FUNC names win ties. */
@@ -223,10 +239,20 @@ export const loadElfSymbolIndex = (
   sections.forEach((section, index) => {
     if (truncated) return;
     if (section.type !== 2 && section.type !== 11) return;
-    if (
-      !section.file_backed ||
-      section.size % BigInt(facts.bits === 64 ? 24 : 16) !== 0n
-    ) {
+    if (section.compressed) {
+      notes.add("A symbol table is compressed; its symbols were not decoded.");
+      unreadable = true;
+      return;
+    }
+    const width = BigInt(facts.bits === 64 ? 24 : 16);
+    if (section.entry_size !== 0n && section.entry_size !== width) {
+      notes.add(
+        "A symbol table has an unexpected entry size; its symbols were not decoded.",
+      );
+      unreadable = true;
+      return;
+    }
+    if (!section.file_backed || section.size % width !== 0n) {
       notes.add(
         "A symbol table is not stored in the file or its size is not a whole number of entries, so its names were not read.",
       );
@@ -237,6 +263,7 @@ export const loadElfSymbolIndex = (
     budget -= table.symbols.length;
     tables.set(index, table.symbols);
     truncated ||= table.truncated;
+    unreadable ||= table.incomplete;
     for (const symbol of table.symbols) consider(symbol);
   });
   return {
@@ -440,7 +467,11 @@ export const sectionRelocations = async (
   for (const [position, section] of input.sections.entries()) {
     const encoding = applicable(input, section);
     if (encoding === null) continue;
-    if (!section.file_backed) {
+    if (!section.file_backed || section.compressed) {
+      if (section.compressed)
+        input.notes.add(
+          "A relocation section is compressed; its records were not decoded.",
+        );
       skip(section);
       continue;
     }

src/native/initializers/ElfInitializers.ts

@@ -269,7 +269,7 @@ const indexSections = (sections: readonly NativeSection[]): ElfSectionIndex => {
           : left.index - right.index,
   );
   const backed = buildAddressRangeIndex(
-    ranges((section) => section.file_backed),
+    ranges((section) => section.file_backed && !section.compressed),
     (left, right) => left.index - right.index,
   );
   return {
@@ -354,7 +354,8 @@ const findSections = (
 const withinSection =
   (section: NativeSection, width: number) =>
   (address: bigint): number | null => {
-    if (!section.file_backed || address < section.address) return null;
+    if (!section.file_backed || section.compressed || address < section.address)
+      return null;
     const delta = address - section.address;
     if (delta + BigInt(width) > section.size) return null;
     return Number(section.offset + delta);
@@ -374,6 +375,13 @@ const sectionSource = (
     section.name.length <= MAX_NATIVE_INITIALIZER_NAME_BYTES
       ? section.name
       : fallbackName;
+  if (section.compressed) {
+    note(
+      scan,
+      `${label} is compressed. Its initializer slots were not decoded.`,
+    );
+    return { kind, sentinel, detail: label, slots: [] };
+  }
   if (!section.file_backed) {
     note(scan, `${label} is not file-backed. Its slots were omitted.`);
     return { kind, sentinel, detail: label, slots: [] };
@@ -671,6 +679,7 @@ const loadWrites = async (
 };
 
 const dynamicSymbols = (
+  scan: ElfScan,
   sections: readonly NativeSection[],
   tags: ReadonlyMap<bigint, DynTag>,
   tables: ReadonlyMap<number, readonly ElfInitializerSymbol[]>,
@@ -683,6 +692,11 @@ const dynamicSymbols = (
         (section.type === 11 || section.type === 2),
     );
     if (match >= 0) return tables.get(match);
+    note(
+      scan,
+      "DT_SYMTAB does not identify a decoded symbol table; dynamic relocation symbols are unresolved.",
+    );
+    return undefined;
   }
   const dynsym = sections.findIndex((section) => section.type === 11);
   return dynsym < 0 ? undefined : tables.get(dynsym);
@@ -1042,7 +1056,7 @@ export const readElfInitializers = async (
     loaded,
     sectionRels.found,
     sectionRels.clobbered,
-    dynamicSymbols(directory.sections, tags, symbols.tables),
+    dynamicSymbols(scan, directory.sections, tags, symbols.tables),
     symbols,
     loaded.trustRaw && sectionRels.complete,
     directory.sections,

src/native/initializers/NativeInitializersParsers.test.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import { describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
+import { deflateSync } from "node:zlib";
 import { readNativeInitializers } from "./NativeInitializersProvider.js";
 
 /** Pass-through spies on the shared mapping module, so tests can count lookups made from other modules. */
@@ -320,6 +321,106 @@ describe("ELF slot semantics", () => {
   });
 });
 
+describe("ELF section content admission", () => {
+  it("keeps symbol relocations unresolved for a conflicting symbol entry width", async () => {
+    const bytes = elfRelocatableCtors();
+    bytes.writeBigUInt64LE(16n, 0x500 + 4 * 64 + 56);
+    const report = await read(bytes);
+    expect(
+      report.entries.find((entry) => entry.kind === "init_array"),
+    ).toMatchObject({
+      resolution: "unresolved",
+      value_va: null,
+      symbol: null,
+    });
+    expect(report.status).toBe("incomplete");
+    expect(report.limitations.join("\n")).toContain("entry size");
+  });
+
+  it.each([
+    { section: 7, label: "initializer array" },
+    { section: 4, label: "symbol table" },
+    { section: 5, label: "symbol string table" },
+    { section: 8, label: "relocation table" },
+  ])("preserves uncertainty for a compressed $label", async ({ section }) => {
+    const base = elfRelocatableCtors();
+    const at = 0x500 + section * 64;
+    const offset = Number(base.readBigUInt64LE(at + 24));
+    const size = Number(base.readBigUInt64LE(at + 32));
+    const header = Buffer.alloc(24);
+    header.writeUInt32LE(1, 0);
+    header.writeBigUInt64LE(BigInt(size), 8);
+    header.writeBigUInt64LE(1n, 16);
+    const compressed = Buffer.concat([
+      header,
+      deflateSync(base.subarray(offset, offset + size)),
+    ]);
+    const bytes = Buffer.concat([base, compressed]);
+    bytes.writeBigUInt64LE(base.readBigUInt64LE(at + 8) | 0x800n, at + 8);
+    bytes.writeBigUInt64LE(BigInt(base.length), at + 24);
+    bytes.writeBigUInt64LE(BigInt(compressed.length), at + 32);
+    const report = await read(bytes);
+    expect(report.status).toBe("incomplete");
+    expect(report.coverage.total_entries).toBeNull();
+    expect(report.limitations.join("\n")).toContain("compressed");
+    if (section === 7)
+      expect(report.entries.some((entry) => entry.kind === "init_array")).toBe(
+        false,
+      );
+    else {
+      const init = report.entries.find((entry) => entry.kind === "init_array");
+      expect(init).toBeDefined();
+      if (section === 5) expect(init?.symbol).toBeNull();
+      else
+        expect(init).toMatchObject({
+          resolution: "unresolved",
+          value_va: null,
+        });
+    }
+    // The uncompressed fixture remains the working comparison.
+    expect((await read(base)).status).toBe("parsed");
+  });
+
+  it("does not substitute an unrelated dynamic symbol table for DT_SYMTAB", async () => {
+    const bytes = elf64PieInitializers();
+    bytes.writeBigUInt64LE(0x777n, 0x300 + 14 * 16 + 8);
+    const report = await read(bytes);
+    expect(
+      report.entries.find((entry) => entry.slot_va === "0x210"),
+    ).toMatchObject({
+      resolution: "unresolved",
+      symbol: null,
+      value_va: null,
+    });
+    expect(report.status).toBe("incomplete");
+  });
+
+  it.each(["compressed", "not a string table"])(
+    "retains later symbol tables when an earlier name source is %s",
+    async (source) => {
+      const bytes = elf64PieInitializers();
+      // The first (dynamic) symbol table links section 8; its bytes still contain imp_init.
+      if (source === "compressed")
+        bytes.writeBigUInt64LE(0x802n, 0x800 + 8 * 64 + 8);
+      else bytes.writeUInt32LE(1, 0x800 + 8 * 64 + 4);
+      const report = await read(bytes);
+      expect(report.status).toBe("incomplete");
+      expect(
+        report.entries.find((entry) => entry.kind === "init"),
+      ).toMatchObject({
+        symbol: { name: "ctor_a" },
+        value_va: "0x100",
+      });
+      expect(
+        report.entries.find((entry) => entry.slot_va === "0x210"),
+      ).toMatchObject({
+        resolution: "unresolved_import",
+        symbol: null,
+      });
+    },
+  );
+});
+
 describe("ELF incomplete inputs", () => {
   it("reports an unsupported relocation machine as incomplete, not as raw zeros", async () => {
     const bytes = elf64PieInitializers();

src/native/metadata/ElfImage.ts

@@ -68,8 +68,7 @@ export const readElfImage = (
   }
   for (const section of directory.sections) {
     const range = declaredFileRange(bytes.length, section.offset, section.size);
-    const file_backed = section.type !== 8 && range.file_backed;
-    const compressed = (section.flags & 0x800n) !== 0n;
+    const { file_backed, compressed } = section;
     const read_only =
       section.type === 1 &&
       file_backed &&

src/native/metadata/NativeSectionDirectory.test.ts

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ import { expect, it } from "vitest";
 import { pe } from "../../domain/binaryTarget.fixture.js";
 import { elfHardeningFixture } from "../hardening/BinaryHardening.fixture.js";
 import { elfUnwindSectionlessFixture } from "../elf/ElfUnwindTables.fixture.js";
+import { compressedElfNoteSectionFixture } from "../elf/ElfNotes.fixture.js";
 import {
   ELF_PT_GNU_EH_FRAME,
   ELF_PT_GNU_RELRO,
@@ -94,3 +95,35 @@ it("retains a confirmed overlapping PE when the COFF record extends past EOF", (
     }),
   );
 });
+
+it.each([
+  [32, true],
+  [32, false],
+  [64, true],
+  [64, false],
+] as const)(
+  "retains ELF%i little=%s compression independently of stored section coverage",
+  (bits, little) => {
+    const bytes = compressedElfNoteSectionFixture(bits, little);
+    const initial = readElfDirectoryFromBuffer(bytes).sections[1]!;
+    expect(initial).toMatchObject({ compressed: true, file_backed: true });
+    expect(readElfDirectoryFromBuffer(bytes).sections[2]).toMatchObject({
+      compressed: false,
+      file_backed: true,
+    });
+    // Compression metadata describes the encoding even if its stored range
+    // subsequently proves incomplete. It must not be inferred from readability.
+    const sizeAt = initial.header_offset + (bits === 64 ? 32 : 20);
+    if (bits === 64) {
+      if (little) bytes.writeBigUInt64LE(BigInt(bytes.length), sizeAt);
+      else bytes.writeBigUInt64BE(BigInt(bytes.length), sizeAt);
+    } else if (little) bytes.writeUInt32LE(bytes.length, sizeAt);
+    else bytes.writeUInt32BE(bytes.length, sizeAt);
+    expect(readElfDirectoryFromBuffer(bytes).sections[1]).toMatchObject({
+      compressed: true,
+      file_backed: false,
+      offset: initial.offset,
+      size: BigInt(bytes.length),
+    });
+  },
+);

src/native/metadata/NativeSectionDirectory.ts

@@ -45,7 +45,10 @@ export interface NativeSection {
   readonly entry_size: bigint;
   /** `sh_addralign` for ELF. PE sections have no note alignment and use 1. */
   readonly alignment: bigint;
+  /** Declared stored bytes are present; compressed bytes are not decoded content. */
   readonly file_backed: boolean;
+  /** ELF SHF_COMPRESSED storage encoding; always false for PE sections. */
+  readonly compressed: boolean;
 }
 /** Program header types retained for load, dynamic, hardening, and unwind consumers. */
 export const ELF_PT_NOTE = 4 as const;
@@ -308,6 +311,7 @@ export function* readElfSectionDirectory(
         alignment: section.alignment,
         file_backed:
           type !== 8 && declaredFileRange(fileSize, offset, size).file_backed,
+        compressed: (section.flags & 0x800n) !== 0n,
       });
     }
   }
@@ -410,6 +414,7 @@ export function* readPeSectionDirectory(
         BigInt(row.offset),
         BigInt(row.size),
       ).file_backed,
+      compressed: false,
     });
   }
   return {

src/server/environment/StateResponseCleanup.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+import {
+  ArtifactResourceScope,
+  type ArtifactResourceOwner,
+} from "../../artifacts/ArtifactResourceScope.js";
+
+/** Retain a cancelled response branch until its underlying cancellation settles. */
+export class StateResponseCleanup {
+  readonly #scope = new ArtifactResourceScope();
+
+  constructor(private readonly changed: () => void = () => {}) {}
+
+  get cleanupResources(): readonly string[] {
+    return this.#scope.cleanupResources;
+  }
+
+  cancel(cancel: () => Promise<void>): void {
+    let state:
+      | { status: "pending" }
+      | { status: "done" }
+      | { status: "failed"; cause: unknown } = { status: "pending" };
+    const owner: ArtifactResourceOwner = {
+      kind: "lease",
+      resource: "state response body",
+      lease: {
+        release: async () => {
+          if (state.status === "pending")
+            throw new Error("State response cancellation is still pending");
+          if (state.status === "failed") throw state.cause;
+        },
+      },
+    };
+    this.#scope.retain(owner);
+    this.changed();
+    void Promise.resolve()
+      .then(cancel)
+      .then(
+        async () => {
+          state = { status: "done" };
+          await this.#scope.release(owner);
+          this.changed();
+        },
+        (cause: unknown) => {
+          state = { status: "failed", cause };
+          this.changed();
+        },
+      )
+      .catch(() => undefined);
+  }
+
+  close(): Promise<void> {
+    return this.#scope.close();
+  }
+}

src/server/environment/environmentDataPlane.ts

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import { StateResponseCleanup } from "./StateResponseCleanup.js";
 import type { EnvironmentStateStore } from "../../application/environment/environmentStateStore.js";
 import { ArtifactResourceScope } from "../../artifacts/ArtifactResourceScope.js";
 import type { AnalysisInputError } from "../../domain/analysisErrorCore.js";
@@ -46,17 +47,24 @@ interface CallContext {
   readonly intake: StateIntake;
   readonly cancel: AbortSignal;
   readonly files: ArtifactResourceScope;
+  readonly responses: StateResponseCleanup;
 }
 
 /** `data/add`: exactly one part, whose document replaces the whole state only when it is valid and the call was not cancelled. */
 const addState = async (
-  { store, intake, cancel, files }: CallContext,
+  { store, intake, cancel, files, responses }: CallContext,
   params: unknown,
 ): Promise<RpcOutcome> => {
   const parts = isRecord(params) ? params.parts : undefined;
   if (!Array.isArray(parts) || parts.length !== 1)
     return { error: invalidParams("data/add takes exactly one part") };
-  const document = await partDocument(parts[0], intake, cancel, files);
+  const document = await partDocument(
+    parts[0],
+    intake,
+    cancel,
+    files,
+    responses,
+  );
   if (!document.ok) return { error: document.error };
   // A file read is not interruptible, so a cancellation during it is honoured here, before the state changes.
   if (cancel.aborted) return { error: CANCELLED };
@@ -101,6 +109,7 @@ export const stateDataPlane = (
   intake: StateIntake = DEFAULT_STATE_INTAKE,
   stopped: AbortSignal = new AbortController().signal,
   files: ArtifactResourceScope = new ArtifactResourceScope(),
+  responses: StateResponseCleanup = new StateResponseCleanup(),
 ): RpcMethods => {
   let previous: Promise<unknown> = Promise.resolve();
   return (method, params, signal) => {
@@ -111,7 +120,7 @@ export const stateDataPlane = (
     const next = previous.then(() =>
       cancel.aborted
         ? { error: CANCELLED }
-        : run({ store, intake, cancel, files }, params),
+        : run({ store, intake, cancel, files, responses }, params),
     );
     previous = next.catch(() => undefined);
     return next;

src/server/environment/serveEnvironment.ts

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import { StateResponseCleanup } from "./StateResponseCleanup.js";
 import type { HttpHostname } from "../../domain/httpHostname.js";
 import { STATE_INTAKE_LIMIT_BYTES } from "../../application/environment/environmentStateDocument.js";
 import {
@@ -477,6 +478,8 @@ export const serveEnvironment = async (
   };
   // A state file whose close failed stays owned here: later file reads retry it, and close reports it if it is still open.
   const stateFiles = new ArtifactResourceScope();
+  let responseStateChanged = (): void => undefined;
+  const stateResponses = new StateResponseCleanup(() => responseStateChanged());
   const served = await serveStreamableHttp({
     host,
     port,
@@ -499,6 +502,7 @@ export const serveEnvironment = async (
             },
             stopping.signal,
             stateFiles,
+            stateResponses,
           ),
     ),
     ...(logger === undefined ? {} : { logger }),
@@ -512,11 +516,14 @@ export const serveEnvironment = async (
   });
   let httpClosePending = false;
   let stateClosePending = false;
+  let responseClosePending = false;
+  let settledSuccessful = false;
   let closing: Promise<void> | undefined;
   const shutdownFailures = new Set<AnalysisError>();
   const owner: EnvironmentShutdownOwner = {
     get cleanupResources() {
       const stateResources = stateFiles.cleanupResources;
+      const responseResources = stateResponses.cleanupResources;
       return [
         ...(httpClosePending ? [served.url] : []),
         ...(stateClosePending
@@ -524,6 +531,11 @@ export const serveEnvironment = async (
             ? stateResources
             : ["environment state-file scope"]
           : []),
+        ...(responseClosePending
+          ? responseResources.length > 0
+            ? responseResources
+            : ["state response cleanup"]
+          : []),
       ];
     },
     close: () => {
@@ -531,7 +543,7 @@ export const serveEnvironment = async (
       const attempt = (async () => {
         stop();
         const failures: {
-          readonly stage: "http-server" | "state-files";
+          readonly stage: "http-server" | "state-files" | "state-responses";
           readonly cause: unknown;
         }[] = [];
         try {
@@ -548,6 +560,15 @@ export const serveEnvironment = async (
           stateClosePending = true;
           failures.push({ stage: "state-files", cause });
         }
+        try {
+          await stateResponses.close();
+          if (stateResponses.cleanupResources.length > 0)
+            throw new Error("State response cleanup remains pending");
+          responseClosePending = false;
+        } catch (cause: unknown) {
+          responseClosePending = true;
+          failures.push({ stage: "state-responses", cause });
+        }
         if (failures.length > 0) {
           retainedEnvironmentShutdowns.add(owner);
           const failure = new AnalysisOutputError(
@@ -583,6 +604,7 @@ export const serveEnvironment = async (
         retainedEnvironmentShutdowns.delete(owner);
         for (const failure of shutdownFailures) failure.resolveCleanup();
         shutdownFailures.clear();
+        settledSuccessful = true;
       })();
       closing = attempt;
       void attempt.catch(() => {
@@ -591,6 +613,26 @@ export const serveEnvironment = async (
       return attempt;
     },
   };
+  // A fetcher may hand back a response after an earlier stop completed. Keep
+  // that newly acquired body owned and make a later close observe its outcome.
+  responseStateChanged = () => {
+    if (!stopping.signal.aborted) return;
+    if (stateResponses.cleanupResources.length > 0) {
+      responseClosePending = true;
+      retainedEnvironmentShutdowns.add(owner);
+      if (settledSuccessful) {
+        settledSuccessful = false;
+        closing = undefined;
+      }
+    } else if (
+      shutdownFailures.size === 0 &&
+      !httpClosePending &&
+      !stateClosePending
+    ) {
+      responseClosePending = false;
+      retainedEnvironmentShutdowns.delete(owner);
+    }
+  };
   return ok({
     ...served,
     card,

src/server/environment/serveEnvironmentState.test.ts

@@ -1037,7 +1037,122 @@ describe("serveEnvironment with a state", () => {
       expect(missing.isError).toBe(true);
     });
   });
+});
 
+describe("state response cleanup", () => {
+  it("reports pending teed response cleanup and retries after its sibling closes", async () => {
+    let sourceCancelled = false;
+    const stream = new ReadableStream<Uint8Array>({
+      start(controller) {
+        controller.enqueue(new Uint8Array([1]));
+      },
+      cancel() {
+        sourceCancelled = true;
+      },
+    });
+    const [body, sibling] = stream.tee();
+    const environment = await serveState(
+      { source, state },
+      {
+        fetchState: async () =>
+          new Response(body, {
+            headers: { "content-length": String(STATE_INTAKE_LIMIT_BYTES + 1) },
+          }),
+      },
+    );
+    let timer: ReturnType<typeof setTimeout> | undefined;
+    try {
+      const response = await fetch(
+        new URL(ENVIRONMENT_RPC_PATH, environment.url),
+        {
+          method: "POST",
+          headers: { "content-type": "application/json" },
+          body: JSON.stringify(addByUri(1)),
+          signal: AbortSignal.timeout(10_000),
+        },
+      );
+      await expect(response.json()).resolves.toMatchObject({
+        error: { code: -32602 },
+      });
+      const closing = Promise.race([
+        environment.close(),
+        new Promise<never>((_, reject) => {
+          timer = setTimeout(
+            () => reject(new Error("server close waited for tee sibling")),
+            10_000,
+          );
+        }),
+      ]);
+      await expect(closing).rejects.toMatchObject({
+        _tag: "AnalysisOutputError",
+        cleanupIncomplete: true,
+        diagnostics: { cleanup_stages: ["state-responses"] },
+      });
+      expect(sourceCancelled).toBe(false);
+      await sibling.cancel();
+      expect(sourceCancelled).toBe(true);
+      await expect(environment.close()).resolves.toBeUndefined();
+    } finally {
+      if (timer !== undefined) clearTimeout(timer);
+      await Promise.allSettled([body.cancel(), sibling.cancel()]);
+      await environment.close();
+    }
+  });
+
+  it("retains a late response cleanup after an earlier successful stop", async () => {
+    let giveResponse!: (response: Response) => void;
+    const gate = new Promise<Response>((resolve) => {
+      giveResponse = resolve;
+    });
+    const held = heldFetcher(() => gate);
+    let release!: () => void;
+    let acknowledge!: () => void;
+    const cleanup = new Promise<void>((resolve) => {
+      release = resolve;
+    });
+    const entered = new Promise<void>((resolve) => {
+      acknowledge = resolve;
+    });
+    const environment = await serveState(
+      { source, state },
+      { fetchState: held.fetchState },
+    );
+    const answered = fetch(new URL(ENVIRONMENT_RPC_PATH, environment.url), {
+      method: "POST",
+      headers: { "content-type": "application/json" },
+      body: JSON.stringify(addByUri(1)),
+      signal: AbortSignal.timeout(10_000),
+    }).catch(() => undefined);
+    try {
+      await held.fetching;
+      await environment.close();
+      giveResponse(
+        new Response(
+          new ReadableStream<Uint8Array>({
+            cancel() {
+              acknowledge();
+              return cleanup;
+            },
+          }),
+        ),
+      );
+      await entered;
+      await expect(environment.close()).rejects.toMatchObject({
+        _tag: "AnalysisOutputError",
+        cleanupIncomplete: true,
+        diagnostics: { cleanup_stages: ["state-responses"] },
+      });
+      release();
+      await expect(environment.close()).resolves.toBeUndefined();
+    } finally {
+      release();
+      await answered;
+      await environment.close();
+    }
+  });
+});
+
+describe("serveEnvironment state file cleanup", () => {
   it("stops without waiting for a stalled download", async () => {
     const held = heldFetcher(() => new Promise<Response>(() => undefined));
     const environment = await serveState(

src/server/environment/stateIntake.test.ts

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import { StateResponseCleanup } from "./StateResponseCleanup.js";
 import { expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 
 import { ArtifactResourceScope } from "../../artifacts/ArtifactResourceScope.js";
@@ -11,14 +12,17 @@ import {
 
 const inlineDocument = async (bytes: string) => {
   const files = new ArtifactResourceScope();
+  const responses = new StateResponseCleanup();
   try {
     return await partDocument(
       { kind: "file", file: { bytes } },
       DEFAULT_STATE_INTAKE,
       new AbortController().signal,
       files,
+      responses,
     );
   } finally {
+    await responses.close();
     await files.close();
   }
 };
@@ -79,3 +83,109 @@ it("downloads with redirects refused and the 30 s timeout by default", async ()
     fetched.mockRestore();
   }
 });
+
+it.each(["http-status", "declared-overflow", "stream-overflow"] as const)(
+  "returns %s while a teed response's other branch remains open",
+  async (scenario) => {
+    const source = new ReadableStream<Uint8Array>({
+      start(controller) {
+        controller.enqueue(
+          new Uint8Array(
+            scenario === "stream-overflow" ? STATE_INTAKE_LIMIT_BYTES + 1 : 1,
+          ),
+        );
+      },
+    });
+    const [body, sibling] = source.tee();
+    const response = new Response(body, {
+      status: scenario === "http-status" ? 503 : 200,
+      ...(scenario === "declared-overflow"
+        ? {
+            headers: { "content-length": String(STATE_INTAKE_LIMIT_BYTES + 1) },
+          }
+        : {}),
+    });
+    const files = new ArtifactResourceScope();
+    const responses = new StateResponseCleanup();
+    const operation = partDocument(
+      { kind: "file", file: { uri: "https://state.example.test/state.json" } },
+      { fetchState: async () => response, timeoutMs: 1_000 },
+      new AbortController().signal,
+      files,
+      responses,
+    );
+    let timer: ReturnType<typeof setTimeout> | undefined;
+    try {
+      const outcome = await Promise.race([
+        operation.then((result) => ({ kind: "result" as const, result })),
+        new Promise<{ kind: "deadline" }>((resolve) => {
+          timer = setTimeout(() => resolve({ kind: "deadline" }), 3_000);
+        }),
+      ]);
+      expect(outcome.kind).toBe("result");
+      expect(responses.cleanupResources).toEqual(["state response body"]);
+      await expect(responses.close()).rejects.toMatchObject({
+        reason: "unavailable",
+      });
+      if (outcome.kind === "result") {
+        expect(outcome.result).toMatchObject(
+          scenario === "http-status"
+            ? { ok: false, error: { data: { reason: "http-status" } } }
+            : {
+                ok: false,
+                error: {
+                  message: expect.stringContaining(
+                    String(STATE_INTAKE_LIMIT_BYTES),
+                  ),
+                },
+              },
+        );
+      }
+    } finally {
+      if (timer !== undefined) clearTimeout(timer);
+      await sibling.cancel();
+      await operation;
+      await responses.close();
+      await files.close();
+    }
+  },
+);
+
+it("retains the exact failure when response cancellation rejects", async () => {
+  const failure = new Error("controlled cancellation failure");
+  const body = new ReadableStream<Uint8Array>({
+    cancel() {
+      throw failure;
+    },
+  });
+  const files = new ArtifactResourceScope();
+  const responses = new StateResponseCleanup();
+  const result = await partDocument(
+    { kind: "file", file: { uri: "https://state.example.test/state.json" } },
+    {
+      fetchState: async () => new Response(body, { status: 503 }),
+      timeoutMs: 1_000,
+    },
+    new AbortController().signal,
+    files,
+    responses,
+  );
+  expect(result).toMatchObject({
+    ok: false,
+    error: { data: { reason: "http-status" } },
+  });
+  await new Promise<void>((resolve) => setImmediate(resolve));
+  const rejected: unknown = await responses
+    .close()
+    .catch((cause: unknown) => cause);
+  expect(rejected).toMatchObject({
+    reason: "unavailable",
+    cleanup: { resources: ["state response body"] },
+  });
+  expect((rejected as Error).cause).toBeInstanceOf(AggregateError);
+  expect(((rejected as Error).cause as AggregateError).errors).toContain(
+    failure,
+  );
+  expect(responses.cleanupResources).toEqual(["state response body"]);
+  await files.close();
+});

src/server/environment/stateIntake.ts

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import { StateResponseCleanup } from "./StateResponseCleanup.js";
 import { fileURLToPath } from "node:url";
 
 import { mediaTypeEssence } from "../../domain/analysisView/recordedMediaType.js";
@@ -228,6 +229,7 @@ const downloadBounds = (
 const readCapped = async (
   body: ReadableStream<Uint8Array> | null,
   bounds: DownloadBounds,
+  responses: StateResponseCleanup,
 ): Promise<Result<Buffer, RpcError>> => {
   if (body === null) return ok(Buffer.alloc(0));
   const reader = body.getReader();
@@ -240,13 +242,15 @@ const readCapped = async (
       if (done) return ok(Buffer.concat(chunks, total));
       total += value.byteLength;
       if (total > STATE_INTAKE_LIMIT_BYTES) {
-        await reader.cancel().catch(() => undefined);
+        // A tee's sibling can be caller-owned; cancelling this branch must not
+        // delay the refusal until that sibling finishes.
+        responses.cancel(() => reader.cancel());
         return err(TOO_LARGE);
       }
       chunks.push(value);
     }
   } catch {
-    void reader.cancel().catch(() => undefined);
+    responses.cancel(() => reader.cancel());
     return err(fetchFailed(bounds.failure()));
   }
 };
@@ -256,6 +260,7 @@ const downloadState = async (
   url: URL,
   intake: StateIntake,
   cancel: AbortSignal,
+  responses: StateResponseCleanup,
 ): Promise<Result<Buffer, RpcError>> => {
   const bounds = downloadBounds(intake.timeoutMs, cancel);
   const fetching = Promise.resolve().then(() =>
@@ -268,7 +273,9 @@ const downloadState = async (
     // A response that arrives after the download ended is released unread.
     void fetching
       .then(
-        (late) => late.body?.cancel(),
+        (late) => {
+          if (late.body !== null) responses.cancel(() => late.body!.cancel());
+        },
         () => undefined,
       )
       .catch(() => undefined);
@@ -276,7 +283,8 @@ const downloadState = async (
   }
   const declared = Number(response.headers.get("content-length") ?? "0");
   if (!response.ok || declared > STATE_INTAKE_LIMIT_BYTES) {
-    await response.body?.cancel().catch(() => undefined);
+    // Cancel this branch without waiting for a potentially independent tee sibling.
+    if (response.body !== null) responses.cancel(() => response.body!.cancel());
     return err(
       response.ok
         ? TOO_LARGE
@@ -286,7 +294,7 @@ const downloadState = async (
           },
     );
   }
-  return readCapped(response.body, bounds);
+  return readCapped(response.body, bounds, responses);
 };
 
 const NETWORK_SHARE = invalidParams(
@@ -315,6 +323,7 @@ const fileBytes = async (
   intake: StateIntake,
   cancel: AbortSignal,
   files: ArtifactResourceScope,
+  responses: StateResponseCleanup,
 ): Promise<Result<Uint8Array, RpcError>> => {
   if (typeof file.bytes === "string" && file.uri === undefined) {
     if (file.bytes.length > MAX_INLINE_BASE64_CHARACTERS) return err(TOO_LARGE);
@@ -333,7 +342,8 @@ const fileBytes = async (
       invalidParams("a file part carries exactly one of bytes or a uri"),
     );
   const url = new URL(file.uri);
-  if (url.protocol === "https:") return downloadState(url, intake, cancel);
+  if (url.protocol === "https:")
+    return downloadState(url, intake, cancel, responses);
   if (url.protocol !== "file:")
     return err(invalidParams("a file uri is a file:// or https:// URL"));
   const path = localFilePath(url);
@@ -346,6 +356,7 @@ export const partDocument = async (
   intake: StateIntake,
   cancel: AbortSignal,
   files: ArtifactResourceScope,
+  responses: StateResponseCleanup,
 ): Promise<Result<unknown, RpcError>> => {
   if (isRecord(part) && part.kind === "data" && isRecord(part.data))
     return ok(part.data);
@@ -362,6 +373,6 @@ export const partDocument = async (
       mediaTypeEssence(mimeType) !== "application/json")
   )
     return err(invalidParams("a file part's mimeType is application/json"));
-  const bytes = await fileBytes(part.file, intake, cancel, files);
+  const bytes = await fileBytes(part.file, intake, cancel, files, responses);
   return bytes.ok ? parseDocumentBytes(bytes.value) : bytes;
 };

tests/acceptance/applications/javascriptChildProcessStdioCli.test.ts

@@ -15,6 +15,13 @@ const cases = [
     0,
   ],
   ['spawn("control", [], {stdio:"inherit"})', "control", "inherit", 0],
+  ['spawn("global-nan-env", [], {env:NaN})', "global-nan-env", "default", 0],
+  [
+    '((NaN) => spawn("shadowed-nan-env", [], {env:NaN}))({})',
+    "shadowed-nan-env",
+    "default",
+    0,
+  ],
   [
     'spawn("spread-after", [], {stdio:"pipe",...input})',
     "spread-after",
@@ -233,6 +240,12 @@ const exportAssignmentSource = `
   export = argv;
 `;
 
+const environmentCommands = [
+  "named-argv",
+  "execfile-dynamic",
+  "shadowed-nan-env",
+];
+
 // Callback/options ambiguity cannot change exec's effective stdio.
 const opaqueExecCallbackCommands = [
   "eval-callback",
@@ -342,7 +355,7 @@ cliTest.for(["CLI", "stdio MCP"] as const)(
       expect(child.properties.stdio_mode, String(command)).toBe(mode);
       expect(child.properties.argv_count, String(command)).toBe(count);
       expect(child.properties.environment_supplied, String(command)).toBe(
-        ["named-argv", "execfile-dynamic"].includes(String(command)),
+        environmentCommands.includes(String(command)),
       );
       expect(child.identity.source_range).not.toBeNull();
       const stdio = graph.relations.filter(
@@ -377,9 +390,7 @@ cliTest.for(["CLI", "stdio MCP"] as const)(
             relation.relation === "supplies-env" &&
             relation.target_node_id === child.node_id,
         ),
-      ).toHaveLength(
-        ["named-argv", "execfile-dynamic"].includes(String(command)) ? 1 : 0,
-      );
+      ).toHaveLength(environmentCommands.includes(String(command)) ? 1 : 0);
       expect(
         graph.relations.filter(
           (relation) =>

tests/boundary/cli/cutterVerifierPlatform.test.ts

@@ -1,81 +1,72 @@
-import { execFile } from "node:child_process";
-import { readFile, readdir, writeFile } from "node:fs/promises";
+import { readFile, readdir } from "node:fs/promises";
 import { join } from "node:path";
-import { promisify } from "node:util";
-import { expect, it } from "vitest";
+import { expect } from "vitest";
 import { parse } from "yaml";
+import { resolveSwiftcCompileTimeoutMs } from "../../../src/process/DarwinProcessRunTokenReader.js";
 import { createTestTempDirectory } from "../../fixtures/temporaryDirectory.js";
+import { processTest } from "../../support/process/processFixture.js";
 
-const execute = promisify(execFile);
+const hostLabels: Partial<Record<NodeJS.Platform, string>> = {
+  linux: "linux",
+  darwin: "macOS",
+  win32: "Windows",
+};
+const hostLabel = hostLabels[process.platform];
+const preparationBudget =
+  process.platform === "darwin" ? resolveSwiftcCompileTimeoutMs() : 0;
 
-it("enforces workflow platform labels before contacting Cutter", async () => {
-  const workflow = parse(
-    await readFile(".github/workflows/real-cutter.yml", "utf8"),
-  );
-  const labels = workflow.jobs["cutter-upstream"].strategy.matrix.include.map(
-    (entry: { platform: string }) => entry.platform,
-  );
-  expect(labels).toEqual(["linux", "macOS", "Windows"]);
-  const root = await createTestTempDirectory("rea-cutter-platform-");
-  const preload = join(root, "preload.mjs");
-  await writeFile(
-    preload,
-    `
-import childProcess from 'node:child_process';
-import { syncBuiltinESMExports } from 'node:module';
-Object.defineProperty(process, 'platform', { value: process.env.REA_PROBE_PLATFORM });
-childProcess.execFile = () => { throw new Error('fixture discovery reached'); };
-syncBuiltinESMExports();
-`,
-  );
-  const check = async (selected: string | undefined, actual: string) => {
-    const env: NodeJS.ProcessEnv = {
-      ...process.env,
-      TMPDIR: root,
-      TMP: root,
-      TEMP: root,
-      REA_PROBE_PLATFORM: actual,
+processTest.skipIf(hostLabel === undefined)(
+  "enforces workflow platform labels before contacting Cutter",
+  { timeout: Math.min(2_147_483_647, 2 * preparationBudget + 30_000) },
+  async ({ processes }) => {
+    const workflow = parse(
+      await readFile(".github/workflows/real-cutter.yml", "utf8"),
+    );
+    const labels = workflow.jobs["cutter-upstream"].strategy.matrix.include.map(
+      (entry: { platform: string }) => entry.platform,
+    );
+    expect(labels).toEqual(["linux", "macOS", "Windows"]);
+    const root = await createTestTempDirectory("rea-cutter-platform-");
+    // A private absent directory proves actual discovery without contacting a user's bridge.
+    const bridgeDirectory = join(root, "absent-bridge");
+    const check = async (selected: string | undefined) => {
+      const env: NodeJS.ProcessEnv = {
+        ...process.env,
+        TMPDIR: root,
+        TMP: root,
+        TEMP: root,
+        REA_CUTTER_BRIDGE_DIR: bridgeDirectory,
+      };
+      if (selected === undefined) delete env.EXPECTED_PLATFORM;
+      else env.EXPECTED_PLATFORM = selected;
+      const result = await processes.run(
+        process.execPath,
+        ["scripts/verify-real-cutter.mjs"],
+        {
+          env,
+          timeoutMs: Math.min(2_147_483_647, preparationBudget + 15_000),
+        },
+      );
+      expect(result.exitCode, result.stderr).toBe(1);
+      return result.stderr;
     };
-    if (selected === undefined) delete env.EXPECTED_PLATFORM;
-    else env.EXPECTED_PLATFORM = selected;
-    const result: unknown = await execute(
-      process.execPath,
-      ["--import", preload, "scripts/verify-real-cutter.mjs"],
-      { env, timeout: 10_000 },
-    ).then(
-      () => {
-        throw new Error("Fixture discovery should stop the verifier");
-      },
-      (error: unknown) => error,
+    for (const selected of [hostLabel, undefined]) {
+      const stderr = await check(selected);
+      expect(stderr).toContain("Open upstream Cutter with the REA plugin");
+      expect(stderr).toContain("no_live_bridge_found");
+    }
+    const other = labels.find((label: string) => label !== hostLabel);
+    expect(other).toBeDefined();
+    expect(await check(other)).toContain(
+      "Cutter runner did not match its declared platform",
     );
-    if (
-      !(result instanceof Error) ||
-      !("stderr" in result) ||
-      typeof result.stderr !== "string"
-    )
-      throw new Error("Missing verifier diagnostics");
-    return result.stderr;
-  };
-  for (const [selected, actual] of [
-    ["linux", "linux"],
-    ["macOS", "darwin"],
-    ["Windows", "win32"],
-  ] as const)
-    expect(await check(selected, actual)).toContain(
-      "fixture discovery reached",
+    expect(await check("unknown")).toContain(
+      "Unrecognized Cutter runner platform",
     );
-  expect(await check("linux", "darwin")).toContain(
-    "Cutter runner did not match its declared platform",
-  );
-  expect(await check("unknown", "linux")).toContain(
-    "Unrecognized Cutter runner platform",
-  );
-  expect(await check(undefined, "linux")).toContain(
-    "fixture discovery reached",
-  );
-  expect(
-    (await readdir(root)).filter((name) =>
-      name.startsWith("rea-cutter-smoke-"),
-    ),
-  ).toEqual([]);
-});
+    expect(
+      (await readdir(root)).filter((name) =>
+        name.startsWith("rea-cutter-smoke-"),
+      ),
+    ).toEqual([]);
+  },
+);

tests/boundary/filesystem/ciChangeScope.test.ts

@@ -783,7 +783,7 @@ it.each([
     { code: false, ghidra_bridge: true, runtime: false, package: false },
   ],
   [
-    "tests/conformance/ghidra/ReaArmContextProbe.java",
+    "tests/conformance/ghidra/ReaInstructionContextProbe.java",
     { ghidra_bridge: true, runtime: false, package: false },
   ],
   [

tests/boundary/mcp/ntfsMftAdmission.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+import { writeFile } from "node:fs/promises";
+import { join } from "node:path";
+
+import { expect } from "vitest";
+
+import { createBinarySession } from "../../../src/composition/binary.js";
+import { parseConfig } from "../../../src/config/parseConfig.js";
+import { artifactInspectionResultSchema } from "../../../src/domain/artifactInspection.js";
+import { parseEvidence } from "../../../src/domain/evidence.js";
+import { silentLogger } from "../../../src/logger.js";
+import { createServer } from "../../../src/server/createServer.js";
+import { createTestTempDirectory } from "../../fixtures/temporaryDirectory.js";
+import { mcpTest } from "../../support/mcp/mcpFixture.js";
+import { serveCli } from "../cli/cliServeHarness.js";
+
+const expectMftInventory = (value: unknown): void => {
+  const evidence = parseEvidence(value);
+  const inspection = artifactInspectionResultSchema.parse(
+    evidence.normalized_result,
+  );
+  const inventory = inspection.substeps[0]?.evidence.normalized_result;
+  expect(inventory?.manifest.root_format).toBe("ntfs-mft");
+  expect(inventory?.occurrences[0]?.format_metadata).toMatchObject({
+    kind: "ntfs-mft",
+    record_count: 1,
+    fixup_unverified_record_count: 0,
+    record_headers: [
+      {
+        index: 0,
+        fileOffset: 0,
+        sequenceNumber: 1,
+        declaredRecordNumber: null,
+        fixups: { verifiedSectors: 2 },
+      },
+    ],
+    omitted_record_headers: 0,
+  });
+};
+
+mcpTest(
+  "admits an MFT capture by signature through CLI and MCP",
+  async ({ mcp, onTestFinished }) => {
+    const root = await createTestTempDirectory("rea-ntfs-mft-admission-");
+    const path = join(root, "capture.bin");
+    const record = Buffer.alloc(1024);
+    record.write("FILE");
+    record.writeUInt16LE(42, 4);
+    record.writeUInt16LE(3, 6);
+    record.writeUInt16LE(1, 16);
+    record.writeUInt16LE(56, 20);
+    record.writeUInt32LE(64, 24);
+    record.writeUInt32LE(0xffff_ffff, 56);
+    record.writeUInt32LE(1024, 28);
+    record.writeUInt16LE(5, 42);
+    record.writeUInt16LE(5, 510);
+    record.writeUInt16LE(5, 1022);
+    await writeFile(path, record);
+
+    const cli = await serveCli(["inspect-artifact", path, "--json"]);
+    expect(cli.exitCode, cli.stdout).toBe(0);
+    expectMftInventory(JSON.parse(cli.stdout));
+
+    const configured = parseConfig({ REA_ANALYSIS_PROVIDER: "auto" });
+    if (!configured.ok) throw configured.error;
+    const session = createBinarySession(configured.value, silentLogger, {});
+    onTestFinished(async () => {
+      await session.close();
+    });
+    const client = await mcp.connect(
+      createServer({ kind: "session", session }),
+    );
+    const opened = await client.callTool({
+      name: "open_binary",
+      arguments: { path },
+    });
+    expect(opened.isError, JSON.stringify(opened.content)).not.toBe(true);
+    const inspected = await client.callTool({
+      name: "inspect_artifact",
+      arguments: {},
+    });
+    expect(inspected.isError, JSON.stringify(inspected.content)).not.toBe(true);
+    expectMftInventory(inspected.structuredContent);
+  },
+);

tests/boundary/process/agentEvaluationCommands.test.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import { readFile, writeFile } from "node:fs/promises";
+import { readFile, stat, writeFile } from "node:fs/promises";
 import { join } from "node:path";
 import { fileURLToPath } from "node:url";
 import { expect } from "vitest";
@@ -175,7 +175,11 @@ registerHooks({ load(url, context, nextLoad) {
         ),
       ],
       {
-        env: { ...process.env, REA_AGENT_EVAL_ROOT: parent },
+        env: {
+          ...process.env,
+          REA_AGENT_EVAL_ROOT: parent,
+          REA_AGENT_EVAL_KEEP_FIXTURES: "false",
+        },
         timeoutMs: 10_000,
       },
     );
@@ -190,14 +194,13 @@ registerHooks({ load(url, context, nextLoad) {
     if (incomplete) {
       expect(result.stderr).toContain("Artifact cleanup remains incomplete");
       expect(result.stderr).toContain("fixture cleanup denied");
-      expect(await readFile(join(run, "codex/auth.json"), "utf8")).toBe(
-        "inert fixture",
-      );
+      expect((await stat(run)).isDirectory()).toBe(true);
     } else {
-      await expect(
-        readFile(join(run, "codex/auth.json")),
-      ).rejects.toMatchObject({ code: "ENOENT" });
+      await expect(stat(run)).rejects.toMatchObject({ code: "ENOENT" });
     }
+    await expect(readFile(join(run, "codex/auth.json"))).rejects.toMatchObject({
+      code: "ENOENT",
+    });
   },
 );
 
@@ -274,7 +277,11 @@ registerHooks({ load(url, context, nextLoad) {
         ),
       ],
       {
-        env: { ...process.env, REA_AGENT_EVAL_ROOT: parent },
+        env: {
+          ...process.env,
+          REA_AGENT_EVAL_ROOT: parent,
+          REA_AGENT_EVAL_KEEP_FIXTURES: "false",
+        },
         timeoutMs: 10_000,
       },
     );
@@ -298,13 +305,14 @@ registerHooks({ load(url, context, nextLoad) {
     if (incomplete) {
       expect(result.stderr).toContain("Artifact cleanup remains incomplete");
       expect(result.stderr).toContain("darwin-fixture-reader");
-      expect(
-        await readFile(join(observed.run, "codex/auth.json"), "utf8"),
-      ).toBe("inert preparation fixture");
+      expect((await stat(observed.run)).isDirectory()).toBe(true);
     } else {
-      await expect(
-        readFile(join(observed.run, "codex/auth.json")),
-      ).rejects.toMatchObject({ code: "ENOENT" });
+      await expect(stat(observed.run)).rejects.toMatchObject({
+        code: "ENOENT",
+      });
     }
+    await expect(
+      readFile(join(observed.run, "codex/auth.json")),
+    ).rejects.toMatchObject({ code: "ENOENT" });
   },
 );

tests/boundary/process/releaseArtifactCanary.test.ts

@@ -1,24 +1,57 @@
-import { execFile } from "node:child_process";
 import {
   copyFile,
+  cp,
   mkdir,
   readFile,
   symlink,
   writeFile,
 } from "node:fs/promises";
-import { dirname, join, resolve } from "node:path";
-import { promisify } from "node:util";
-import { expect, it } from "vitest";
+import { join, resolve } from "node:path";
+import { expect } from "vitest";
 import { z } from "zod";
 import { createApplicationMcpHarness } from "../../fixtures/applicationMcpHarness.js";
 import { createTestTempDirectory } from "../../fixtures/temporaryDirectory.js";
+import { processTest } from "../../support/process/processFixture.js";
+import { resolveSwiftcCompileTimeoutMs } from "../../../src/process/DarwinProcessRunTokenReader.js";
 
-const execute = promisify(execFile);
+const preparationBudget =
+  process.platform === "darwin" ? resolveSwiftcCompileTimeoutMs() : 0;
+
+async function prepareController(controller: string, version: string) {
+  // The verifier loads its production-owned TypeScript source graph at runtime.
+  // Keep that graph in the isolated controller so imports cannot drift from a hand-maintained list.
+  await mkdir(join(controller, "scripts"), { recursive: true });
+  await copyFile(
+    "scripts/verify-release-artifact.mjs",
+    join(controller, "scripts/verify-release-artifact.mjs"),
+  );
+  await cp("scripts/lib", join(controller, "scripts/lib"), {
+    recursive: true,
+  });
+  await mkdir(join(controller, "bridge"), { recursive: true });
+  await cp("bridge/process", join(controller, "bridge/process"), {
+    recursive: true,
+  });
+  await cp("src", join(controller, "src"), {
+    recursive: true,
+    filter: (source) => !/\.(?:test|spec)\.[cm]?[jt]sx?$/u.test(source),
+  });
+  await writeFile(
+    join(controller, "package.json"),
+    JSON.stringify({ name: "rea-agents", version, type: "module" }),
+  );
+  await symlink(
+    resolve("node_modules"),
+    join(controller, "node_modules"),
+    process.platform === "win32" ? "junction" : "dir",
+  );
+}
 
 // Release rehearsal runs on Linux; the npm process adapter is also exercised on macOS.
-it.skipIf(process.platform === "win32")(
+processTest.skipIf(process.platform === "win32")(
   "fails without declared runtime, then rehearses an installed tarball and rejects catalog drift",
-  async () => {
+  { timeout: Math.min(2_147_483_647, 3 * preparationBudget + 210_000) },
+  async ({ processes }) => {
     const root = await createTestTempDirectory("rea-release-canary-");
     const candidate = join(root, "candidate");
     const controller = join(root, "controller");
@@ -76,56 +109,46 @@ if (process.argv[2] === "mcp") {
 } else { process.exitCode = 1; }
 `,
     );
-    const packed = await execute(
-      "npm",
-      ["pack", "--ignore-scripts", "--json"],
-      {
-        cwd: candidate,
-      },
-    );
+    const pack = async () => {
+      const result = await processes.run(
+        "npm",
+        ["pack", "--ignore-scripts", "--json"],
+        { cwd: candidate, timeoutMs: 30_000 },
+      );
+      expect(result.exitCode, result.stderr).toBe(0);
+      return result;
+    };
+    const packed = await pack();
     const [{ filename }] = z
       .tuple([z.object({ filename: z.string() })])
       .parse(JSON.parse(packed.stdout));
     const tarball = join(candidate, filename);
-    for (const file of [
-      "scripts/verify-release-artifact.mjs",
-      "scripts/lib/release-package-canary.mjs",
-      "scripts/lib/verify-package-core.mjs",
-      "scripts/lib/mcp-verifier-results.mjs",
-      "scripts/lib/verifier-run.mjs",
-    ]) {
-      const target = join(controller, file);
-      await mkdir(dirname(target), { recursive: true });
-      await copyFile(file, target);
-    }
-    await writeFile(
-      join(controller, "package.json"),
-      JSON.stringify({ name: "rea-agents", version, type: "module" }),
-    );
-    await symlink(
-      resolve("node_modules"),
-      join(controller, "node_modules"),
-      process.platform === "win32" ? "junction" : "dir",
-    );
+    await prepareController(controller, version);
     const invoke = (selected = tarball) =>
-      execute(
+      processes.run(
         process.execPath,
         [
           join(controller, "scripts/verify-release-artifact.mjs"),
           selected,
           version,
         ],
-        { cwd: controller, maxBuffer: 16 * 1024 * 1024 },
+        {
+          cwd: controller,
+          timeoutMs: Math.min(2_147_483_647, preparationBudget + 30_000),
+        },
       );
-    await expect(invoke()).rejects.toMatchObject({
-      stderr: expect.stringContaining("ERR_MODULE_NOT_FOUND"),
-    });
+    const missing = await invoke();
+    expect(missing.exitCode).toBe(1);
+    expect(missing.stderr).toContain("ERR_MODULE_NOT_FOUND");
+    expect(missing.stderr).toMatch(/dist[/\\]catalogIdentity\.js/u);
     await symlink(
       resolve("dist"),
       join(controller, "dist"),
       process.platform === "win32" ? "junction" : "dir",
     );
-    const result = JSON.parse((await invoke()).stdout);
+    const successful = await invoke();
+    expect(successful.exitCode, successful.stderr).toBe(0);
+    const result = JSON.parse(successful.stdout);
     expect(result).toMatchObject({
       package: "rea-agents",
       version,
@@ -144,12 +167,10 @@ if (process.argv[2] === "mcp") {
       join(candidate, "scripts/reply.json"),
       JSON.stringify(snapshot),
     );
-    await execute("npm", ["pack", "--ignore-scripts", "--json"], {
-      cwd: candidate,
-    });
-    await expect(invoke()).rejects.toMatchObject({
-      stderr: expect.stringContaining("invalid canonical tool catalog"),
-    });
+    await pack();
+    const drifted = await invoke();
+    expect(drifted.exitCode).toBe(1);
+    expect(drifted.stderr).toContain("invalid canonical tool catalog");
     await writeFile(
       join(candidate, "package.json"),
       JSON.stringify({
@@ -159,15 +180,12 @@ if (process.argv[2] === "mcp") {
         files: ["scripts"],
       }),
     );
-    const wrong = await execute("npm", ["pack", "--ignore-scripts", "--json"], {
-      cwd: candidate,
-    });
+    const wrong = await pack();
     const [{ filename: wrongFilename }] = z
       .tuple([z.object({ filename: z.string() })])
       .parse(JSON.parse(wrong.stdout));
-    await expect(invoke(join(candidate, wrongFilename))).rejects.toMatchObject({
-      stderr: expect.stringContaining("Installed package identity"),
-    });
+    const mismatched = await invoke(join(candidate, wrongFilename));
+    expect(mismatched.exitCode).toBe(1);
+    expect(mismatched.stderr).toContain("Installed package identity");
   },
-  30_000,
 );

tests/conformance/ghidra/README.md

@@ -21,6 +21,12 @@ no-overwrite CLI delivery. It checks the target and project files for changes.
   Clang/LLD/LLVM readelf/LLVM objdump; `REA_RISCV_CLANG`, `REA_RISCV_LLD`,
   `REA_RISCV_READELF` and `REA_RISCV_OBJDUMP` select existing tool commands.
 
+- `ReaInstructionContextProbe.java` inspects source-owned ARM, Thumb, MIPS32
+  and MIPS16 instructions through the production bridge in an ephemeral,
+  read-only Ghidra project. It checks exact decoder-context register names,
+  values and provenance; the ARM lane also injects an unavailable provider
+  value. The `ghidra-bridge-sources` CI job runs both processor families. The
+  input bytes are never executed.
 - `ReaDecodeProbe.java` decodes source-owned instruction bytes from a
   language's default context and checks each mnemonic, length and optional
   complete operand. The `ghidra-bridge-sources` CI job runs it for `ARM:LE:32:Cortex`,

tests/conformance/ghidra/ReaInstructionContextProbe.java

@@ -15,16 +15,20 @@ import java.lang.reflect.Proxy;
 import java.math.BigInteger;
 
 /** Real ARM/Thumb decoding; only the unavailable context value is injected. */
-public class ReaArmContextProbe extends GhidraScript {
+public class ReaInstructionContextProbe extends GhidraScript {
     @Override
     public void run() throws Exception {
         String[] args = getScriptArgs();
-        require(args.length == 1, "Expected the exact production bridge directory");
+        require(args.length == 1 || (args.length == 2 && args[1].equals("mips")), "Expected the bridge directory and optional MIPS mode");
         var source = GhidraScriptUtil.findScriptByName("ReaGhidraBridge.java");
         require(source != null && new File(source.getAbsolutePath()).getCanonicalFile().equals(
             new File(args[0], "ReaGhidraBridge.java").getCanonicalFile()), "Production bridge source");
         GhidraScript bridge = GhidraScriptUtil.getProvider(source).getScriptInstance(source, errorWriter);
         bridge.set(getState(), getControls());
+        if (args.length == 2) {
+            checkMips(bridge);
+            return;
+        }
         require(currentProgram.getLanguageID().getIdAsString().equals("ARM:LE:32:v7"), "ARM fixture language");
         var mode = currentProgram.getRegister("TMode");
         require(mode != null, "Real TMode register");
@@ -40,8 +44,8 @@ public class ReaArmContextProbe extends GhidraScript {
         space.set(null, arm.getAddressSpace());
         Method inspect = bridge.getClass().getDeclaredMethod("inspectNativeInstruction", JsonObject.class, boolean.class);
         inspect.setAccessible(true);
-        check(inspect, bridge, arm, "0", 4, "1eff2fe1");
-        check(inspect, bridge, thumb, "1", 2, "7047");
+        check(inspect, bridge, arm, "0", 4, "1eff2fe1", "TMode");
+        check(inspect, bridge, thumb, "1", 2, "7047", "TMode");
 
         // getValue includes language defaults. Inject only its unavailable result,
         // preserving the real instruction, register, language and all other APIs.
@@ -57,26 +61,49 @@ public class ReaArmContextProbe extends GhidraScript {
         programField.setAccessible(true);
         try {
             programField.set(bridge, program);
-            check(inspect, bridge, arm, null, 4, "1eff2fe1");
+            check(inspect, bridge, arm, null, 4, "1eff2fe1", "TMode");
         } finally {
             programField.set(bridge, original);
         }
         println("REA_ARM_CONTEXT_OK arm=0 thumb=1 unavailable=null (injected provider value)");
     }
 
+    private void checkMips(GhidraScript bridge) throws Exception {
+        require(currentProgram.getLanguageID().getIdAsString().equals("MIPS:LE:32:default"), "MIPS fixture language");
+        var mode = currentProgram.getRegister("ISA_MODE");
+        require(mode != null, "Real ISA_MODE register");
+        Address standard = currentProgram.getMemory().getMinAddress();
+        Address compressed = standard.add(4);
+        var context = currentProgram.getProgramContext();
+        context.setValue(mode, standard, standard.add(3), BigInteger.ZERO);
+        require(disassemble(standard), "MIPS32 instruction decoded");
+        // MIPS32 flow may have decoded following bytes in the default mode.
+        clearListing(compressed, compressed.add(3));
+        context.setValue(mode, compressed, compressed.add(1), BigInteger.ONE);
+        require(disassemble(compressed), "MIPS16 instruction decoded");
+        Field space = bridge.getClass().getDeclaredField("sessionDefaultAddressSpace");
+        space.setAccessible(true);
+        space.set(null, standard.getAddressSpace());
+        Method inspect = bridge.getClass().getDeclaredMethod("inspectNativeInstruction", JsonObject.class, boolean.class);
+        inspect.setAccessible(true);
+        check(inspect, bridge, standard, "0", 4, "03008224", "ISA_MODE");
+        check(inspect, bridge, compressed, "1", 2, "5a6a", "ISA_MODE");
+        println("REA_MIPS_CONTEXT_OK standard=0 mips16=1");
+    }
+
     private static void check(Method inspect, Object bridge, Address address, String mode,
-            int length, String bytes) throws Exception {
+            int length, String bytes, String register) throws Exception {
         JsonObject input = new JsonObject();
         input.add("document", JsonNull.INSTANCE);
         input.addProperty("address", "0x" + Long.toUnsignedString(address.getOffset(), 16));
         JsonObject result = (JsonObject) inspect.invoke(bridge, input, false);
-        require(result.get("status").getAsString().equals("decoded"), "Decoded bridge response");
-        require(result.get("length").getAsInt() == length, "ARM/Thumb instruction width");
+        require(result.get("status").getAsString().equals("decoded"), "Decoded bridge response: " + result);
+        require(result.get("length").getAsInt() == length, "Instruction width");
         require(result.get("bytes").getAsString().equals(bytes), "Original instruction bytes");
         var contexts = result.getAsJsonArray("decoder_context");
         require(contexts != null && contexts.size() == 1, "One retained mode context");
         var value = contexts.get(0).getAsJsonObject();
-        require(value.get("register").getAsString().equals("TMode"), "TMode register name");
+        require(value.get("register").getAsString().equals(register), "Exact context register name");
         require(value.get("source").getAsString().equals("ghidra-program-context"), "Context provenance");
         require(mode == null ? value.get("value").isJsonNull()
             : mode.equals(value.get("value").getAsString()), "Exact mode value " + mode);

tests/fixtures/artifactReaderLifecycle.ts

@@ -252,3 +252,74 @@ export const artifactReaderLifecycleCases = (setup: LifecycleFixture): void => {
     validationCases(setup);
   });
 };
+
+/** An interrupted preparation belongs to its caller, not concurrent readers. */
+export const artifactPreparationRecoveryCases = ({
+  image,
+  createReader,
+}: LifecycleFixture): void => {
+  it.each(["cancelled", "physical failure"] as const)(
+    "preserves independent preparation after %s",
+    async (scenario) => {
+      const path = await fixture(image());
+      const admitted = await openRegularFile(path, { symlinks: "reject" });
+      const reader = createReader(path, admitted);
+      const controller = new AbortController();
+      const reason = { request: "first inventory" };
+      const physical = Object.assign(new Error("controlled read failure"), {
+        code: "EIO",
+      });
+      const reached = createDeferred<void>();
+      const release = createDeferred<void>();
+      const nativeRead = admitted.handle.read.bind(admitted.handle);
+      let blocked = false;
+      const read = vi.spyOn(admitted.handle, "read").mockImplementation((async (
+        ...args: unknown[]
+      ) => {
+        const result = await Reflect.apply(nativeRead, admitted.handle, args);
+        if (!blocked) {
+          blocked = true;
+          reached.resolve();
+          await release.promise;
+          if (scenario === "physical failure") throw physical;
+        }
+        return result;
+      }) as typeof admitted.handle.read);
+      const pending: Promise<unknown>[] = [];
+      try {
+        const first = (async () => {
+          for await (const _ of reader.entries(controller.signal)) {
+          }
+        })();
+        pending.push(first);
+        void first.catch(() => undefined);
+        await awaitAcknowledgement(reached.promise, first, "preparation read");
+        const peer = entries(reader);
+        pending.push(peer);
+        void peer.catch(() => undefined);
+        controller.abort(reason);
+        release.resolve();
+        if (scenario === "physical failure") {
+          await expect(first).rejects.toBe(physical);
+          await expect(peer).rejects.toBe(physical);
+        } else {
+          await expect(first).rejects.toMatchObject({
+            reason: "cancelled",
+            cause: reason,
+          });
+          const recovered = await peer;
+          expect(recovered.length).toBeGreaterThan(0);
+          expect(
+            (await buffer(await reader.open(recovered[0]!))).length,
+          ).toBeGreaterThan(0);
+        }
+      } finally {
+        release.resolve();
+        await Promise.allSettled(pending);
+        read.mockRestore();
+        await reader.close();
+        await admitted.handle.close();
+      }
+    },
+  );
+};