Bump mold version to 2.3.3

Debian 8 was released in April 2015, which is old enough for
binary distribution. Previously, we used to use Debian 10 (Bullseye),
which was released in July 2019.

.github/workflows/ci.yml

@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ jobs:
         echo "/usr/lib/ccache:/usr/local/opt/ccache/libexec" >> $GITHUB_PATH
         mkdir build
         cd build
-        cmake -DMOLD_ENABLE_QEMU_TESTS=On -DMOLD_ENABLE_QEMU_TESTS_RV32=On -DMOLD_ENABLE_QEMU_TESTS_LOONGARCH=On ..
+        cmake ..
         cmake --build . -j$(nproc)
         ctest . -j$(nproc)
     - name: archive test results

CMakeLists.txt

@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@
 # features and behave exactly the same.
 
 cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.14)
-project(mold VERSION 2.3.2)
+project(mold VERSION 2.3.3)
 
 include(CMakeDependentOption)
 include(GNUInstallDirs)

README.md

@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ necessary packages. You may need to run it as root.
 git clone https://github.com/rui314/mold.git
 mkdir mold/build
 cd mold/build
-git checkout v2.3.2
+git checkout v2.3.3
 ../install-build-deps.sh
 cmake -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -DCMAKE_CXX_COMPILER=c++ ..
 cmake --build . -j $(nproc)

dist.sh

@@ -1,15 +1,44 @@
 #!/bin/bash
 #
-# This script creates a mold binary distribution. The output is
-# written in this directory as `mold-$version-$arch-linux.tar.gz`
-# (e.g. `mold-1.0.3-x86_64-linux.tar.gz`).
+# This script creates a mold binary distribution. The output is written in
+# this directory as `mold-$version-$arch-linux.tar.gz` (e.g.,
+# `mold-1.0.3-x86_64-linux.tar.gz`).
 #
-# The mold executable created by this script is statically-linked to
-# libstdc++ and libcrypto but dynamically-linked to libc, libm, libz
-# and librt, as they almost always exist on any Linux systems.
+# The mold executable created by this script is statically linked to
+# libstdc++ but dynamically linked to libc, libm, libz, and librt, as
+# these libraries almost always exist on any Linux system. We can't
+# statically link libc because doing so would disable dlopen(), which is
+# necessary to open the LTO linker plugin.
+#
+# This script aims to produce reproducible outputs. That means if you run
+# the script twice on the same git commit, it should produce bit-by-bit
+# identical binary files. This property is crucial as a countermeasure
+# against supply chain attacks. With this, you can verify that the binary
+# files distributed on the GitHub release pages are created from the
+# commit with release tags by rebuilding the binaries yourself.
+#
+# Debian provides snapshot.debian.org to host all historical binary
+# packages. We use it to construct Docker images pinned to a
+# particular timestamp.
+#
+# We aim to use a reasonably old Debian version because we'll dynamically
+# link glibc to mold, and a binary linked against a newer version of glibc
+# won't work on a system with an older version of glibc.
+#
+# We need GCC 10 or newer to build mold. If GCC 10 is not available on an
+# old Debian version, we'll build it ourselves.
+#
+# You may need to run the following command to use Docker with Qemu:
+#
+#  $ docker run --rm --privileged multiarch/qemu-user-static --reset -p yes
 
 set -e -x
 
+usage() {
+  echo "Usage: $0 [ x86_64 | aarch64 | arm | riscv64 | ppc64le | s390x ]"
+  exit 1
+}
+
 case $# in
 0)
   arch=$(uname -m)
@@ -19,60 +48,93 @@ case $# in
   arch="$1"
   ;;
 *)
-  echo "Usage: $0 [ x86_64 | aarch64 | arm | riscv64 | ppc64le | s390x ]"
-  exit 1
+  usage
 esac
 
-echo "$arch" | grep -Eq '^(x86_64|aarch64|arm|riscv64|ppc64le|s390x)$' || \
-  { echo "Error: no docker image for $arch"; exit 1; }
+echo "$arch" | grep -Eq '^(x86_64|aarch64|arm|riscv64|ppc64le|s390x)$' || usage
 
-image=mold-builder-$arch:1
+image=mold-builder-$arch
 version=$(sed -n 's/^project(mold VERSION \(.*\))/\1/p' $(dirname $0)/CMakeLists.txt)
 dest=mold-$version-$arch-linux
 
-# Create a Docker image if not exists.
-#
-# We want to use a reasonably old Linux distro because we'll dynamically
-# link glibc to mold, and a binary linked against a newer version of
-# glibc won't work on a system with a older version of glibc.
-#
-# We might want to instead statically-link everything, but that'll
-# disable dlopen(), which means we can't use the linker plugin for LTO.
-# So we don't want to do that.
-if ! docker image ls $image | grep -q $image; then
-  if [ $arch = riscv64 ]; then
-    # Ubuntu 18 didn't support RISC-V, so use Ubuntu 20 instead
-    cat <<EOF | docker build --platform $arch -t $image -
-FROM riscv64/ubuntu:20.04
-RUN apt-get update && \
-  DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive TZ=UTC apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends build-essential gcc-10 g++-10 cmake && \
+# Create a Docker image.
+case $arch in
+x86_64)
+  # Debian 8 (Jessie) released in April 2015
+  cat <<EOF | docker build --platform $arch -t $image -
+FROM debian:jessie-20210326
+ENV DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive TZ=UTC
+RUN sed -i -e '/^deb/d' -e 's/^# //g' /etc/apt/sources.list && \
+  echo 'Acquire { Retries "10"; http::timeout "10"; Check-Valid-Until "false"; };' > /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/80-retries && \
+  apt-get update && \
+  apt-get install -y --force-yes --no-install-recommends wget bzip2 file make autoconf gcc g++ libssl-dev && \
+  rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists
+
+# Build CMake 3.27
+RUN mkdir -p /build/cmake && \
+  cd /build/cmake && \
+  wget -O- --no-check-certificate https://cmake.org/files/v3.27/cmake-3.27.7.tar.gz | tar xzf - --strip-components=1 && \
+  ./bootstrap --parallel=$(nproc) && \
+  make -j$(nproc) && \
+  make install && \
+  rm -rf /build
+
+# Build GCC 10
+RUN mkdir -p /build/gcc && \
+  cd /build/gcc && \
+  wget -O- http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/gcc/gcc-10.5.0/gcc-10.5.0.tar.gz | tar xzf - --strip-components=1 && \
+  mkdir isl gmp mpc mpfr && \
+  wget -O- http://gcc.gnu.org/pub/gcc/infrastructure/isl-0.18.tar.bz2 | tar xjf - --strip-components=1 -C isl && \
+  wget -O- http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/gmp/gmp-6.1.2.tar.bz2 | tar xjf - --strip-components=1 -C gmp && \
+  wget -O- http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/mpc/mpc-1.2.1.tar.gz | tar xzf - --strip-components=1 -C mpc && \
+  wget -O- http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/mpfr/mpfr-4.1.0.tar.gz | tar xzf - --strip-components=1 -C mpfr && \
+  ./configure --prefix=/usr --enable-languages=c,c++ --disable-bootstrap --disable-multilib && \
+  make -j$(nproc) && \
+  make install && \
+  ln -sf /usr/lib64/libstdc++.so.6 /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libstdc++.so.6 && \
+  rm -rf /build
+EOF
+  ;;
+aarch64 | arm | ppc64le | s390x)
+  # Debian 10 (Bullseye) released in July 2019
+  cat <<EOF | docker build --platform $arch -t $image -
+FROM debian:bullseye-20231030
+ENV DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive TZ=UTC
+RUN sed -i -e '/^deb/d' -e 's/^# //g' /etc/apt/sources.list && \
+  echo 'Acquire { Retries "10"; http::timeout "10"; Check-Valid-Until "false"; };' > /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/80-retries && \
+  apt-get update && \
+  apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends build-essential gcc-10 g++-10 cmake && \
+  ln -sf /usr/bin/gcc-10 /usr/bin/cc && \
+  ln -sf /usr/bin/g++-10 /usr/bin/c++ && \
   rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists
 EOF
-  else
-    cat <<EOF | docker build --platform $arch -t $image -
-FROM ubuntu:18.04
+  ;;
+riscv64)
+  # snapshot.debian.org is not available for RISC-V binaries
+  cat <<EOF | docker build --platform $arch -t $image -
+FROM riscv64/debian:unstable-20231030
+ENV DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive TZ=UTC
 RUN apt-get update && \
-  apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends software-properties-common && \
-  add-apt-repository -y ppa:ubuntu-toolchain-r/test && \
-  apt-get update && \
-  DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive TZ=UTC apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends build-essential wget libstdc++-11-dev gcc-10 g++-10 python3 libssl-dev && \
-  \
-  mkdir /cmake && cd /cmake && \
-  wget -O- -q https://github.com/Kitware/CMake/releases/download/v3.24.2/cmake-3.24.2.tar.gz | tar --strip-components=1 -xzf - && \
-  ./bootstrap --parallel=$(nproc) && make -j$(nproc) && make -j$(nproc) install && \
-  rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists /cmake
+  apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends build-essential gcc-12 g++-12 cmake && \
+  ln -sf /usr/bin/gcc-12 /usr/bin/cc && \
+  ln -sf /usr/bin/g++-12 /usr/bin/c++ && \
+  rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists
 EOF
-  fi
-fi
+  ;;
+esac
+
+# We use the timestamp of the last Git commit as the file timestamp
+# for build artifacts.
+timestamp="$(git log -1 --format=%ci)"
 
 # Build mold in a container.
-docker run --platform linux/$arch -i --rm -v "$(realpath $(dirname $0)):/mold" \
-  -e "OWNER=$(id -u):$(id -g)" $image \
-  bash -c "mkdir /build &&
-cd /build &&
-cmake -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -DCMAKE_C_COMPILER=gcc-10 -DCMAKE_CXX_COMPILER=g++-10 -DMOLD_MOSTLY_STATIC=On /mold &&
-cmake --build . -j\$(nproc) &&
-[ $arch = arm ] || ctest -j\$(nproc) &&
+docker run --platform linux/$arch -i --rm -v "$(realpath $(dirname $0)):/mold" $image \
+  bash -c "mkdir -p /build/mold &&
+cd /build/mold &&
+cmake -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -DMOLD_MOSTLY_STATIC=On /mold &&
+cmake --build . -j$(nproc) &&
+ctest -j$(nproc) &&
 cmake --install . --prefix $dest --strip &&
-tar czf /mold/$dest.tar.gz $dest &&
-chown \$OWNER /mold/$dest.tar.gz"
+find $dest -print | xargs touch --no-dereference --date='$timestamp' &&
+find $dest -print | sort | tar -cf - --no-recursion --files-from=- | gzip -9nc > /mold/$dest.tar.gz &&
+chown $(id -u):$(id -g) /mold/$dest.tar.gz"

elf/arch-loongarch.cc

@@ -569,11 +569,6 @@ void InputSection<E>::scan_relocations(Context<E> &ctx) {
 
     Symbol<E> &sym = *file.symbols[rel.r_sym];
 
-    if (!sym.file) {
-      record_undef_error(ctx, rel);
-      continue;
-    }
-
     if (sym.is_ifunc())
       sym.flags |= NEEDS_GOT | NEEDS_PLT;
 

elf/cmdline.cc

@@ -660,9 +660,9 @@ std::vector<std::string> parse_nonpositional_args(Context<E> &ctx) {
       else
         Fatal(ctx) << "unknown --unresolved-symbols argument: " << arg;
     } else if (read_arg("undefined") || read_arg("u")) {
-      ctx.arg.undefined.push_back(arg);
+      ctx.arg.undefined.push_back(get_symbol(ctx, arg));
     } else if (read_arg("require-defined")) {
-      ctx.arg.require_defined.push_back(arg);
+      ctx.arg.require_defined.push_back(get_symbol(ctx, arg));
     } else if (read_arg("init")) {
       ctx.arg.init = arg;
     } else if (read_arg("fini")) {
@@ -1104,21 +1104,21 @@ std::vector<std::string> parse_nonpositional_args(Context<E> &ctx) {
     } else if (read_flag("no-keep-memory")) {
     } else if (read_arg("max-cache-size")) {
     } else if (read_arg("version-script")) {
-      // --version-script, --dynamic-list and --export-dynamic-symbol[-list]
-      // are treated as positional arguments even though they are actually not
-      // positional. This is because linker scripts (a positional argument)
-      // can also specify a version script, and it's better to consolidate
-      // parsing in read_input_files. In particular, version scripts can
-      // modify ctx.default_version which we initialize *after* parsing
-      // non-positional args, so the parsing cannot be done right here.
+      // --version-script is treated as positional arguments even though
+      // they are actually not positional. This is because linker scripts
+      // (a positional argument) can also specify a version script, and
+      // it's better to consolidate parsing in read_input_files. In
+      // particular, version scripts can modify ctx.default_version which
+      // we initialize *after* parsing non-positional args, so the parsing
+      // cannot be done right here.
       remaining.push_back("--version-script=" + std::string(arg));
     } else if (read_arg("dynamic-list")) {
       ctx.arg.Bsymbolic = true;
-      remaining.push_back("--dynamic-list=" + std::string(arg));
+      append(ctx.dynamic_list_patterns, parse_dynamic_list(ctx, arg));
     } else if (read_arg("export-dynamic-symbol")) {
-      remaining.push_back("--export-dynamic-symbol=" + std::string(arg));
+      ctx.dynamic_list_patterns.push_back({arg, "<command line>"});
     } else if (read_arg("export-dynamic-symbol-list")) {
-      remaining.push_back("--export-dynamic-symbol-list=" + std::string(arg));
+      append(ctx.dynamic_list_patterns, parse_dynamic_list(ctx, arg));
     } else if (read_flag("as-needed")) {
       remaining.push_back("--as-needed");
     } else if (read_flag("no-as-needed")) {
@@ -1228,11 +1228,6 @@ std::vector<std::string> parse_nonpositional_args(Context<E> &ctx) {
   if (char *env = getenv("MOLD_REPRO"); env && env[0])
     ctx.arg.repro = true;
 
-  if (ctx.arg.shared || ctx.arg.export_dynamic)
-    ctx.default_version = VER_NDX_GLOBAL;
-  else
-    ctx.default_version = VER_NDX_LOCAL;
-
   if (ctx.arg.default_symver) {
     std::string ver = ctx.arg.soname.empty() ?
       filepath(ctx.arg.output).filename().string() : std::string(ctx.arg.soname);
@@ -1243,7 +1238,13 @@ std::vector<std::string> parse_nonpositional_args(Context<E> &ctx) {
   if (ctx.arg.shared && warn_shared_textrel)
     ctx.arg.warn_textrel = true;
 
-  ctx.arg.undefined.push_back(ctx.arg.entry);
+  ctx.arg.undefined.push_back(get_symbol(ctx, ctx.arg.entry));
+
+  for (i64 i = 0; i < ctx.arg.defsyms.size(); i++) {
+    std::variant<Symbol<E> *, u64> &val = ctx.arg.defsyms[i].second;
+    if (Symbol<E> **sym = std::get_if<Symbol<E> *>(&val))
+      ctx.arg.undefined.push_back(*sym);
+  }
 
   // --oformat=binary implies --strip-all because without a section
   // header, there's no way to identify the locations of a symbol

elf/elf.h

@@ -161,6 +161,7 @@ enum : u32 {
   VER_NDX_LOCAL = 0,
   VER_NDX_GLOBAL = 1,
   VER_NDX_LAST_RESERVED = 1,
+  VER_NDX_UNSPECIFIED = 0xffff,
 };
 
 enum : u32 {

elf/gc-sections.cc

@@ -116,11 +116,11 @@ static void collect_root_set(Context<E> &ctx,
   // Add sections referenced by root symbols.
   enqueue_symbol(get_symbol(ctx, ctx.arg.entry));
 
-  for (std::string_view name : ctx.arg.undefined)
-    enqueue_symbol(get_symbol(ctx, name));
+  for (Symbol<E> *sym : ctx.arg.undefined)
+    enqueue_symbol(sym);
 
-  for (std::string_view name : ctx.arg.require_defined)
-    enqueue_symbol(get_symbol(ctx, name));
+  for (Symbol<E> *sym : ctx.arg.require_defined)
+    enqueue_symbol(sym);
 
   // .eh_frame consists of variable-length records called CIE and FDE
   // records, and they are a unit of inclusion or exclusion.

elf/input-files.cc

@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ void InputFile<E>::clear_symbols() {
       sym->origin = 0;
       sym->value = -1;
       sym->sym_idx = -1;
-      sym->ver_idx = 0;
+      sym->ver_idx = VER_NDX_UNSPECIFIED;
       sym->is_weak = false;
       sym->is_imported = false;
       sym->is_exported = false;
@@ -314,6 +314,15 @@ void ObjectFile<E>::initialize_sections(Context<E> &ctx) {
         continue;
       }
 
+      if (shdr.sh_type == SHT_INIT_ARRAY ||
+          shdr.sh_type == SHT_FINI_ARRAY ||
+          shdr.sh_type == SHT_PREINIT_ARRAY)
+        ctx.has_init_array = true;
+
+      if (name == ".ctors" || name.starts_with(".ctors.") ||
+          name == ".dtors" || name.starts_with(".dtors."))
+        ctx.has_ctors = true;
+
       if (name == ".eh_frame")
         eh_frame_section = this->sections[i].get();
 
@@ -644,9 +653,13 @@ split_section(Context<E> &ctx, InputSection<E> &sec) {
   if (entsize == 0)
     return nullptr;
 
+  i64 addralign = shdr.sh_addralign;
+  if (addralign == 0)
+    addralign = 1;
+
   std::unique_ptr<MergeableSection<E>> rec(new MergeableSection<E>);
   rec->parent = MergedSection<E>::get_instance(ctx, sec.name(), shdr.sh_type,
-                                               shdr.sh_flags, entsize);
+                                               shdr.sh_flags, entsize, addralign);
   rec->p2align = sec.p2align;
 
   if (sec.sh_size == 0)
@@ -1277,17 +1290,17 @@ void SharedFile<E>::parse(Context<E> &ctx) {
       continue;
 
     std::string_view name = this->symbol_strtab.data() + esyms[i].st_name;
-    bool is_hidden = (!vers.empty() && (vers[i] & VERSYM_HIDDEN));
+    bool is_default = vers.empty() || !(vers[i] & VERSYM_HIDDEN);
 
     this->elf_syms2.push_back(esyms[i]);
     this->versyms.push_back(ver);
 
-    if (is_hidden) {
+    if (is_default) {
+      this->symbols.push_back(get_symbol(ctx, name));
+    } else {
       std::string_view mangled_name = save_string(
         ctx, std::string(name) + "@" + std::string(version_strings[ver]));
       this->symbols.push_back(get_symbol(ctx, mangled_name, name));
-    } else {
-      this->symbols.push_back(get_symbol(ctx, name));
     }
   }
 
@@ -1342,6 +1355,9 @@ std::vector<std::string_view> SharedFile<E>::read_verdef(Context<E> &ctx) {
   ElfVerdef<E> *ver = (ElfVerdef<E> *)verdef.data();
 
   for (;;) {
+    if (ver->vd_ndx == VER_NDX_UNSPECIFIED)
+      Fatal(ctx) << *this << ": symbol version too large";
+
     if (ret.size() <= ver->vd_ndx)
       ret.resize(ver->vd_ndx + 1);
 

elf/input-sections.cc

@@ -274,7 +274,7 @@ static Action get_absrel_action(Context<E> &ctx, Symbol<E> &sym) {
 template <typename E>
 static Action get_dyn_absrel_action(Context<E> &ctx, Symbol<E> &sym) {
   if (sym.is_ifunc())
-    return ctx.arg.pic ? IFUNC_DYNREL : NONE;
+    return sym.is_pde_ifunc(ctx) ? NONE : IFUNC_DYNREL;
 
   // This is a decision table for absolute relocations for the pointer
   // size data (e.g. R_X86_64_64). Unlike the absrel_table, we can emit

elf/linker-script.cc

@@ -312,7 +312,6 @@ read_version_script_commands(Context<E> &ctx, std::span<std::string_view> &tok,
 
     if (tok[0] == "*") {
       ctx.default_version = (is_global ? ver_idx : (u32)VER_NDX_LOCAL);
-      ctx.default_version_from_version_script = true;
     } else if (is_global) {
       ctx.version_patterns.push_back({unquote(tok[0]), current_file<E>->name,
                                       ver_str, ver_idx, is_cpp});
@@ -367,7 +366,9 @@ void parse_version_script(Context<E> &ctx, MappedFile<Context<E>> *mf) {
 }
 
 template <typename E>
-void read_dynamic_list_commands(Context<E> &ctx, std::span<std::string_view> &tok,
+void read_dynamic_list_commands(Context<E> &ctx,
+                                std::vector<DynamicPattern> &result,
+                                std::span<std::string_view> &tok,
                                 bool is_cpp) {
   while (!tok.empty() && tok[0] != "}") {
     if (tok[0] == "extern") {
@@ -376,11 +377,11 @@ void read_dynamic_list_commands(Context<E> &ctx, std::span<std::string_view> &to
       if (!tok.empty() && tok[0] == "\"C\"") {
         tok = tok.subspan(1);
         tok = skip(ctx, tok, "{");
-        read_dynamic_list_commands(ctx, tok, false);
+        read_dynamic_list_commands(ctx, result, tok, false);
       } else {
         tok = skip(ctx, tok, "\"C++\"");
         tok = skip(ctx, tok, "{");
-        read_dynamic_list_commands(ctx, tok, true);
+        read_dynamic_list_commands(ctx, result, tok, true);
       }
 
       tok = skip(ctx, tok, "}");
@@ -388,29 +389,32 @@ void read_dynamic_list_commands(Context<E> &ctx, std::span<std::string_view> &to
       continue;
     }
 
-    if (tok[0] == "*")
-      ctx.default_version = VER_NDX_GLOBAL;
-    else
-      ctx.version_patterns.push_back({unquote(tok[0]), current_file<E>->name,
-                                      "global", VER_NDX_GLOBAL, is_cpp});
-
+    result.push_back({unquote(tok[0]), "", is_cpp});
     tok = skip(ctx, tok.subspan(1), ";");
   }
 }
 
 template <typename E>
-void parse_dynamic_list(Context<E> &ctx, MappedFile<Context<E>> *mf) {
-  current_file<E> = mf;
-  std::vector<std::string_view> vec = tokenize(ctx, mf->get_contents());
+std::vector<DynamicPattern>
+parse_dynamic_list(Context<E> &ctx, std::string_view path) {
+  std::string_view contents =
+    MappedFile<Context<E>>::must_open(ctx, std::string(path))->get_contents();
+  std::vector<std::string_view> vec = tokenize(ctx, contents);
   std::span<std::string_view> tok = vec;
+  std::vector<DynamicPattern> result;
 
   tok = skip(ctx, tok, "{");
-  read_dynamic_list_commands(ctx, tok, false);
+  read_dynamic_list_commands(ctx, result, tok, false);
   tok = skip(ctx, tok, "}");
   tok = skip(ctx, tok, ";");
 
   if (!tok.empty())
     SyntaxError(ctx, tok[0]) << "trailing garbage token";
+
+  for (DynamicPattern &p : result)
+    p.source = path;
+
+  return result;
 }
 
 using E = MOLD_TARGET;
@@ -418,6 +422,7 @@ using E = MOLD_TARGET;
 template void parse_linker_script(Context<E> &, MappedFile<Context<E>> *);
 template std::string_view get_script_output_type(Context<E> &, MappedFile<Context<E>> *);
 template void parse_version_script(Context<E> &, MappedFile<Context<E>> *);
-template void parse_dynamic_list(Context<E> &, MappedFile<Context<E>> *);
+template std::vector<DynamicPattern> parse_dynamic_list(Context<E> &, std::string_view);
+
 
 } // namespace mold::elf

elf/lto-unix.cc

@@ -709,8 +709,9 @@ std::vector<ObjectFile<E> *> do_lto(Context<E> &ctx) {
     get_symbol(ctx, y)->referenced_by_regular_obj = true;
   }
 
-  // Handle --entry
-  get_symbol(ctx, ctx.arg.entry)->referenced_by_regular_obj = true;
+  // Keep some symbols
+  for (Symbol<E> *sym : ctx.arg.undefined)
+    sym->referenced_by_regular_obj = true;
 
   // all_symbols_read_hook() calls add_input_file() and add_input_library()
   LOG << "all symbols read\n";

elf/main.cc

@@ -299,22 +299,6 @@ static void read_input_files(Context<E> &ctx, std::span<std::string> args) {
       if (!mf)
         Fatal(ctx) << "--version-script: file not found: " << arg;
       parse_version_script(ctx, mf);
-    } else if (remove_prefix(arg, "--dynamic-list=")) {
-      MappedFile<Context<E>> *mf = find_from_search_paths(ctx, std::string(arg));
-      if (!mf)
-        Fatal(ctx) << "--dynamic-list: file not found: " << arg;
-      parse_dynamic_list(ctx, mf);
-    } else if (remove_prefix(arg, "--export-dynamic-symbol=")) {
-      if (arg == "*")
-        ctx.default_version = VER_NDX_GLOBAL;
-      else
-        ctx.version_patterns.push_back({arg, "--export-dynamic-symbol",
-                                        "global", VER_NDX_GLOBAL, false});
-    } else if (remove_prefix(arg, "--export-dynamic-symbol-list=")) {
-      MappedFile<Context<E>> *mf = find_from_search_paths(ctx, std::string(arg));
-      if (!mf)
-        Fatal(ctx) << "--export-dynamic-symbol-list: file not found: " << arg;
-      parse_dynamic_list(ctx, mf);
     } else if (arg == "--push-state") {
       state.push_back({ctx.as_needed, ctx.whole_archive, ctx.is_static,
                        ctx.in_lib});
@@ -523,9 +507,9 @@ int elf_main(int argc, char **argv) {
     write_repro_file(ctx);
 
   // Handle --require-defined
-  for (std::string_view name : ctx.arg.require_defined)
-    if (!get_symbol(ctx, name)->file)
-      Error(ctx) << "--require-defined: undefined symbol: " << name;
+  for (Symbol<E> *sym : ctx.arg.require_defined)
+    if (!sym->file)
+      Error(ctx) << "--require-defined: undefined symbol: " << *sym;
 
   // .init_array and .fini_array contents have to be sorted by
   // a special rule. Sort them.
@@ -535,6 +519,11 @@ int elf_main(int argc, char **argv) {
   // because they are superceded by .init_array/.fini_array, though.
   sort_ctor_dtor(ctx);
 
+  // If .ctors/.dtors are to be placed to .init_array/.fini_array,
+  // we need to reverse their contents.
+  if (ctx.has_init_array && ctx.has_ctors)
+    fixup_ctors_in_init_array(ctx);
+
   // Handle --shuffle-sections
   if (ctx.arg.shuffle_sections != SHUFFLE_SECTIONS_NONE)
     shuffle_sections(ctx);

elf/mold.h

@@ -768,7 +768,7 @@ class MergedSection : public Chunk<E> {
 public:
   static MergedSection<E> *
   get_instance(Context<E> &ctx, std::string_view name, i64 type, i64 flags,
-               i64 entsize);
+               i64 entsize, i64 addralign);
 
   SectionFragment<E> *insert(Context<E> &ctx, std::string_view data,
                              u64 hash, i64 p2align);
@@ -1281,8 +1281,15 @@ get_script_output_type(Context<E> &ctx, MappedFile<Context<E>> *mf);
 template <typename E>
 void parse_version_script(Context<E> &ctx, MappedFile<Context<E>> *mf);
 
+struct DynamicPattern {
+  std::string_view pattern;
+  std::string_view source;
+  bool is_cpp = false;
+};
+
 template <typename E>
-void parse_dynamic_list(Context<E> &ctx, MappedFile<Context<E>> *mf);
+std::vector<DynamicPattern>
+parse_dynamic_list(Context<E> &ctx, std::string_view path);
 
 //
 // lto.cc
@@ -1372,6 +1379,7 @@ template <typename E> void check_duplicate_symbols(Context<E> &);
 template <typename E> void check_symbol_types(Context<E> &);
 template <typename E> void sort_init_fini(Context<E> &);
 template <typename E> void sort_ctor_dtor(Context<E> &);
+template <typename E> void fixup_ctors_in_init_array(Context<E> &);
 template <typename E> void shuffle_sections(Context<E> &);
 template <typename E> void compute_section_sizes(Context<E> &);
 template <typename E> void sort_output_sections(Context<E> &);
@@ -1718,6 +1726,8 @@ struct Context {
     std::unordered_set<std::string_view> ignore_ir_file;
     std::unordered_set<std::string_view> wrap;
     std::vector<SectionOrder> section_order;
+    std::vector<Symbol<E> *> require_defined;
+    std::vector<Symbol<E> *> undefined;
     std::vector<std::pair<Symbol<E> *, std::variant<Symbol<E> *, u64>>> defsyms;
     std::vector<std::string> library_paths;
     std::vector<std::string> plugin_opt;
@@ -1725,20 +1735,16 @@ struct Context {
     std::vector<std::string_view> auxiliary;
     std::vector<std::string_view> exclude_libs;
     std::vector<std::string_view> filter;
-    std::vector<std::string_view> require_defined;
     std::vector<std::string_view> trace_symbol;
-    std::vector<std::string_view> undefined;
     u64 image_base = 0x200000;
   } arg;
 
   std::vector<VersionPattern> version_patterns;
-  u16 default_version = VER_NDX_GLOBAL;
+  std::vector<DynamicPattern> dynamic_list_patterns;
+  i64 default_version = VER_NDX_UNSPECIFIED;
   i64 page_size = E::page_size;
   std::optional<int> global_lock_fd;
 
-  // true if default_version is set by a wildcard in version script.
-  bool default_version_from_version_script = false;
-
   // Reader context
   bool as_needed = false;
   bool whole_archive = false;
@@ -1750,6 +1756,8 @@ struct Context {
 
   bool has_error = false;
   bool has_lto_object = false;
+  Atomic<bool> has_init_array = false;
+  Atomic<bool> has_ctors = false;
 
   // Symbol table
   tbb::concurrent_hash_map<std::string_view, Symbol<E>, HashCmp> symbol_map;
@@ -2031,7 +2039,7 @@ public:
   i32 sym_idx = -1;
 
   i32 aux_idx = -1;
-  u16 ver_idx = 0;
+  u16 ver_idx = VER_NDX_UNSPECIFIED;
 
   // `flags` has NEEDS_ flags.
   Atomic<u8> flags = 0;

elf/output-chunks.cc

@@ -1912,11 +1912,26 @@ void GnuHashSection<E>::copy_buf(Context<E> &ctx) {
 
 template <typename E>
 std::string_view
-get_merged_output_name(Context<E> &ctx, std::string_view name, u64 flags) {
+get_merged_output_name(Context<E> &ctx, std::string_view name, u64 flags,
+                       i64 entsize, i64 addralign) {
   if (ctx.arg.relocatable && !ctx.arg.relocatable_merge_sections)
     return name;
   if (ctx.arg.unique && ctx.arg.unique->match(name))
     return name;
+
+  // GCC seems to create sections named ".rodata.strN.<mangled-symbol-name>.M".
+  // We want to eliminate the symbol name part from the section name.
+  if ((flags & SHF_STRINGS) && name.starts_with(".rodata.")) {
+    if (entsize == 1 && addralign == 1)
+      return ".rodata.str1.1";
+    if (entsize == 2 && addralign == 2)
+      return ".rodata.str2.2";
+    if (entsize == 4 && addralign == 4)
+      return ".rodata.str4.4";
+    return save_string(ctx,".rodata.str"s + std::to_string(entsize) + "." +
+                       std::to_string(addralign));
+  }
+
   return name;
 }
 
@@ -1932,8 +1947,9 @@ MergedSection<E>::MergedSection(std::string_view name, i64 flags, i64 type,
 template <typename E>
 MergedSection<E> *
 MergedSection<E>::get_instance(Context<E> &ctx, std::string_view name,
-                               i64 type, i64 flags, i64 entsize) {
-  name = get_merged_output_name(ctx, name, flags);
+                               i64 type, i64 flags,
+                               i64 entsize, i64 addralign) {
+  name = get_merged_output_name(ctx, name, flags, entsize, addralign);
   flags = flags & ~(u64)SHF_GROUP & ~(u64)SHF_COMPRESSED;
 
   auto find = [&]() -> MergedSection * {
@@ -2534,8 +2550,12 @@ void VerdefSection<E>::construct(Context<E> &ctx) {
   for (std::string_view verstr : ctx.arg.version_definitions)
     write(verstr, idx++, 0);
 
-  for (Symbol<E> *sym : std::span<Symbol<E> *>(ctx.dynsym->symbols).subspan(1))
-    ctx.versym->contents[sym->get_dynsym_idx(ctx)] = sym->ver_idx;
+  for (Symbol<E> *sym : std::span<Symbol<E> *>(ctx.dynsym->symbols).subspan(1)) {
+    i64 ver = sym->ver_idx;
+    if (ver == VER_NDX_UNSPECIFIED)
+      ver = VER_NDX_GLOBAL;
+    ctx.versym->contents[sym->get_dynsym_idx(ctx)] = ver;
+  }
 }
 
 template <typename E>

elf/passes.cc

@@ -189,15 +189,13 @@ void create_synthetic_sections(Context<E> &ctx) {
 
 template <typename E>
 static void mark_live_objects(Context<E> &ctx) {
-  auto mark_symbol = [&](std::string_view name) {
-    if (InputFile<E> *file = get_symbol(ctx, name)->file)
-      file->is_alive = true;
-  };
+  for (Symbol<E> *sym : ctx.arg.undefined)
+    if (sym->file)
+      sym->file->is_alive = true;
 
-  for (std::string_view name : ctx.arg.undefined)
-    mark_symbol(name);
-  for (std::string_view name : ctx.arg.require_defined)
-    mark_symbol(name);
+  for (Symbol<E> *sym : ctx.arg.require_defined)
+    if (sym->file)
+      sym->file->is_alive = true;
 
   std::vector<InputFile<E> *> roots;
 
@@ -397,7 +395,7 @@ template <typename E>
 void add_comment_string(Context<E> &ctx, std::string str) {
   MergedSection<E> *sec =
     MergedSection<E>::get_instance(ctx, ".comment", SHT_PROGBITS,
-                                   SHF_MERGE | SHF_STRINGS, 1);
+                                   SHF_MERGE | SHF_STRINGS, 1, 1);
 
   std::string_view buf = save_string(ctx, str);
   std::string_view data(buf.data(), buf.size() + 1);
@@ -510,9 +508,31 @@ get_output_name(Context<E> &ctx, std::string_view name, u64 flags) {
   return name;
 }
 
+// Returns true if a given input section is a .ctors/.dtors that
+// should be put into .init_array/.fini_array.
+//
+// CRT object files contain .ctors/.dtors sections without any
+// relocations. They contain sentinel values, 0 and -1, to mark the
+// beginning and the end of the initializer/finalizer pointer arrays. We
+// do not place them into .init_array/.fini_array because such invalid
+// pointer values would simply make the program to crash.
+template <typename E>
+static bool is_ctors_in_init_array(Context<E> &ctx, InputSection<E> &isec) {
+  std::string_view name = isec.name();
+  return ctx.has_init_array && !isec.get_rels(ctx).empty() &&
+         (name == ".ctors" || name.starts_with(".ctors.") ||
+          name == ".dtors" || name.starts_with(".dtors."));
+}
+
 template <typename E>
 static OutputSectionKey
 get_output_section_key(Context<E> &ctx, InputSection<E> &isec) {
+  if (is_ctors_in_init_array(ctx, isec)) {
+    if (isec.name().starts_with(".ctors"))
+      return {".init_array", SHT_INIT_ARRAY, SHF_ALLOC | SHF_WRITE};
+    return {".fini_array", SHT_FINI_ARRAY, SHF_ALLOC | SHF_WRITE};
+  }
+
   const ElfShdr<E> &shdr = isec.shdr();
   std::string_view name = get_output_name(ctx, isec.name(), shdr.sh_flags);
   u64 type = canonicalize_type<E>(name, shdr.sh_type);
@@ -523,6 +543,7 @@ get_output_section_key(Context<E> &ctx, InputSection<E> &isec) {
   // So is .fini_array.
   if (type == SHT_INIT_ARRAY || type == SHT_FINI_ARRAY)
     flags |= SHF_WRITE;
+
   return {name, type, flags};
 }
 
@@ -661,34 +682,9 @@ void create_internal_file(Context<E> &ctx) {
     ctx.internal_esyms.push_back(esym);
   };
 
-  auto add_undef = [&](Symbol<E> *sym) {
-    obj->symbols.push_back(sym);
-    sym->value = 0xdeadbeef;
-
-    ElfSym<E> esym;
-    memset(&esym, 0, sizeof(esym));
-    esym.st_type = STT_NOTYPE;
-    esym.st_shndx = SHN_UNDEF;
-    esym.st_bind = STB_GLOBAL;
-    esym.st_visibility = STV_DEFAULT;
-    ctx.internal_esyms.push_back(esym);
-  };
-
-  // Add --defsym symbols
-  for (i64 i = 0; i < ctx.arg.defsyms.size(); i++) {
-    Symbol<E> *sym = ctx.arg.defsyms[i].first;
-    std::variant<Symbol<E> *, u64> val = ctx.arg.defsyms[i].second;
-    add(sym);
-
-    if (Symbol<E> **ref = std::get_if<Symbol<E> *>(&val)) {
-      // Add an undefined symbol to keep a reference to the defsym target.
-      // This prevents elimination by e.g. LTO or gc-sections.
-      // The undefined symbol will never make to the final object file; we
-      // double-check that the defsym target is not undefined in
-      // fix_synthetic_symbols.
-      add_undef(*ref);
-    }
-  }
+  // Add --defsym'd symbols
+  for (i64 i = 0; i < ctx.arg.defsyms.size(); i++)
+    add(ctx.arg.defsyms[i].first);
 
   // Add --section-order symbols
   for (SectionOrder &ord : ctx.arg.section_order)
@@ -821,26 +817,27 @@ void add_synthetic_symbols(Context<E> &ctx) {
 
   // Handle --defsym symbols.
   for (i64 i = 0; i < ctx.arg.defsyms.size(); i++) {
-    Symbol<E> *sym = ctx.arg.defsyms[i].first;
+    Symbol<E> *sym1 = ctx.arg.defsyms[i].first;
     std::variant<Symbol<E> *, u64> val = ctx.arg.defsyms[i].second;
 
-    Symbol<E> *target = nullptr;
-    if (Symbol<E> **ref = std::get_if<Symbol<E> *>(&val))
-      target = *ref;
+    if (Symbol<E> **ref = std::get_if<Symbol<E> *>(&val)) {
+      Symbol<E> *sym2 = *ref;
+      if (!sym2->file) {
+        Error(ctx) << "--defsym: undefined symbol: " << *sym2;
+        continue;
+      }
 
-    // If the alias refers another symobl, copy ELF symbol attributes.
-    if (target) {
       ElfSym<E> &esym = obj.elf_syms[i + 1];
-      esym.st_type = target->esym().st_type;
+      esym.st_type = sym2->esym().st_type;
       if constexpr (is_ppc64v2<E>)
-        esym.ppc_local_entry = target->esym().ppc_local_entry;
+        esym.ppc_local_entry = sym2->esym().ppc_local_entry;
+
+      if (sym2->is_absolute())
+        sym1->origin = 0;
+    } else {
+      sym1->origin = 0;
     }
-
-    // Make the target absolute if necessary.
-    if (!target || target->is_absolute())
-      sym->origin = 0;
   }
-
 }
 
 template <typename E>
@@ -1047,19 +1044,42 @@ void check_symbol_types(Context<E> &ctx) {
   });
 }
 
+template <typename E>
+static i64 get_init_fini_priority(InputSection<E> *isec) {
+  static std::regex re(R"(\.(\d+)$)", std::regex_constants::optimize);
+  std::string_view name = isec->name();
+  std::cmatch m;
+  if (std::regex_search(name.data(), name.data() + name.size(), m, re))
+    return std::stoi(m[1]);
+  return 65536;
+}
+
+template <typename E>
+static i64 get_ctor_dtor_priority(InputSection<E> *isec) {
+  auto opts = std::regex_constants::optimize | std::regex_constants::ECMAScript;
+  static std::regex re1(R"((?:clang_rt\.)?crtbegin)", opts);
+  static std::regex re2(R"((?:clang_rt\.)?crtend)", opts);
+  static std::regex re3(R"(\.(\d+)$)", opts);
+
+  // crtbegin.o and crtend.o contain marker symbols such as
+  // __CTOR_LIST__ or __DTOR_LIST__. So they have to be at the
+  // beginning or end of the section.
+  std::smatch m;
+  if (std::regex_search(isec->file.filename, m, re1))
+    return -2;
+  if (std::regex_search(isec->file.filename, m, re2))
+    return 65536;
+
+  std::string name(isec->name());
+  if (std::regex_search(name, m, re3))
+    return std::stoi(m[1]);
+  return -1;
+}
+
 template <typename E>
 void sort_init_fini(Context<E> &ctx) {
   Timer t(ctx, "sort_init_fini");
 
-  auto get_priority = [](InputSection<E> *isec) {
-    static std::regex re(R"(\.(\d+)$)", std::regex_constants::optimize);
-    std::string_view name = isec->name();
-    std::cmatch m;
-    if (std::regex_search(name.data(), name.data() + name.size(), m, re))
-      return std::stoi(m[1]);
-    return 65536;
-  };
-
   for (Chunk<E> *chunk : ctx.chunks) {
     if (OutputSection<E> *osec = chunk->to_osec()) {
       if (osec->name == ".init_array" || osec->name == ".preinit_array" ||
@@ -1068,8 +1088,14 @@ void sort_init_fini(Context<E> &ctx) {
           std::reverse(osec->members.begin(), osec->members.end());
 
         std::unordered_map<InputSection<E> *, i64> map;
-        for (InputSection<E> *isec : osec->members)
-          map.insert({isec, get_priority(isec)});
+
+        for (InputSection<E> *isec : osec->members) {
+          std::string_view name = isec->name();
+          if (name.starts_with(".ctors") || name.starts_with(".dtors"))
+            map.insert({isec, 65535 - get_ctor_dtor_priority(isec)});
+          else
+            map.insert({isec, get_init_fini_priority(isec)});
+        }
 
         sort(osec->members, [&](InputSection<E> *a, InputSection<E> *b) {
           return map[a] < map[b];
@@ -1083,27 +1109,6 @@ template <typename E>
 void sort_ctor_dtor(Context<E> &ctx) {
   Timer t(ctx, "sort_ctor_dtor");
 
-  auto get_priority = [](InputSection<E> *isec) {
-    auto opts = std::regex_constants::optimize | std::regex_constants::ECMAScript;
-    static std::regex re1(R"((?:clang_rt\.)?crtbegin)", opts);
-    static std::regex re2(R"((?:clang_rt\.)?crtend)", opts);
-    static std::regex re3(R"(\.(\d+)$)", opts);
-
-    // crtbegin.o and crtend.o contain marker symbols such as
-    // __CTOR_LIST__ or __DTOR_LIST__. So they have to be at the
-    // beginning or end of the section.
-    std::smatch m;
-    if (std::regex_search(isec->file.filename, m, re1))
-      return -2;
-    if (std::regex_search(isec->file.filename, m, re2))
-      return 65536;
-
-    std::string name(isec->name());
-    if (std::regex_search(name, m, re3))
-      return std::stoi(m[1]);
-    return -1;
-  };
-
   for (Chunk<E> *chunk : ctx.chunks) {
     if (OutputSection<E> *osec = chunk->to_osec()) {
       if (osec->name == ".ctors" || osec->name == ".dtors") {
@@ -1112,7 +1117,7 @@ void sort_ctor_dtor(Context<E> &ctx) {
 
         std::unordered_map<InputSection<E> *, i64> map;
         for (InputSection<E> *isec : osec->members)
-          map.insert({isec, get_priority(isec)});
+          map.insert({isec, get_ctor_dtor_priority(isec)});
 
         sort(osec->members, [&](InputSection<E> *a, InputSection<E> *b) {
           return map[a] < map[b];
@@ -1122,6 +1127,45 @@ void sort_ctor_dtor(Context<E> &ctx) {
   }
 }
 
+// .ctors/.dtors serves the same purpose as .init_array/.fini_array,
+// albeit with very subtly differences. Both contain pointers to
+// initializer/finalizer functions. The runtime executes them one by one
+// but in the exact opposite order to one another. Therefore, if we are to
+// place the contents of .ctors/.dtors into .init_array/.fini_array, we
+// need to reverse them.
+//
+// It's unfortunate that we have both .ctors/.dtors and
+// .init_array/.fini_array in ELF for historical reasons, but that's
+// the reality we need to deal with.
+template <typename E>
+void fixup_ctors_in_init_array(Context<E> &ctx) {
+  Timer t(ctx, "fixup_ctors_in_init_array");
+
+  for (Chunk<E> *chunk : ctx.chunks) {
+    if (OutputSection<E> *osec = chunk->to_osec()) {
+      if (osec->name == ".init_array" || osec->name == ".fini_array") {
+        for (InputSection<E> *isec : osec->members) {
+          if (isec->name().starts_with(".ctors") ||
+              isec->name().starts_with(".dtors")) {
+            if (isec->sh_size % sizeof(Word<E>)) {
+              Error(ctx) << *isec << ": section corrupted";
+              continue;
+            }
+
+            u8 *buf = (u8 *)isec->contents.data();
+            std::reverse((Word<E> *)buf, (Word<E> *)(buf + isec->sh_size));
+
+            std::span<ElfRel<E>> rels = isec->get_rels(ctx);
+            for (ElfRel<E> &r : rels)
+              r.r_offset = isec->sh_size - r.r_offset - sizeof(Word<E>);
+            std::reverse(rels.begin(), rels.end());
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
+
 template <typename T>
 static void shuffle(std::vector<T> &vec, u64 seed) {
   if (vec.empty())
@@ -1554,9 +1598,6 @@ template <typename E>
 void apply_version_script(Context<E> &ctx) {
   Timer t(ctx, "apply_version_script");
 
-  // If all patterns are simple (i.e. not containing any meta-
-  // characters and is not a C++ name), we can simply look up
-  // symbols.
   auto is_simple = [&] {
     for (VersionPattern &v : ctx.version_patterns)
       if (v.is_cpp || v.pattern.find_first_of("*?[") != v.pattern.npos)
@@ -1564,6 +1605,9 @@ void apply_version_script(Context<E> &ctx) {
     return true;
   };
 
+  // If all patterns are simple (i.e. not containing any meta-
+  // characters and is not a C++ name), we can simply look up
+  // symbols.
   if (is_simple()) {
     for (VersionPattern &v : ctx.version_patterns) {
       Symbol<E> *sym = get_symbol(ctx, v.pattern);
@@ -1689,44 +1733,124 @@ void compute_import_export(Context<E> &ctx) {
   if (!ctx.arg.shared) {
     tbb::parallel_for_each(ctx.dsos, [&](SharedFile<E> *file) {
       for (Symbol<E> *sym : file->symbols) {
-        if (sym->file && !sym->file->is_dso && sym->visibility != STV_HIDDEN) {
-          if (sym->ver_idx != VER_NDX_LOCAL ||
-              !ctx.default_version_from_version_script) {
-            std::scoped_lock lock(sym->mu);
-            sym->is_exported = true;
-          }
+        if (sym->file && !sym->file->is_dso && sym->visibility != STV_HIDDEN &&
+            sym->ver_idx != VER_NDX_LOCAL) {
+          std::scoped_lock lock(sym->mu);
+          sym->is_exported = true;
         }
       }
     });
   }
 
+  auto should_export = [&](Symbol<E> &sym) {
+    if (sym.visibility == STV_HIDDEN)
+      return false;
+
+    switch (sym.ver_idx) {
+    case VER_NDX_UNSPECIFIED:
+      if (ctx.arg.shared)
+        return !((ObjectFile<E> *)sym.file)->exclude_libs;
+      return ctx.arg.export_dynamic;
+    case VER_NDX_LOCAL:
+      return false;
+    default:
+      return true;
+    }
+  };
+
   // Export symbols that are not hidden or marked as local.
   // We also want to mark imported symbols as such.
   tbb::parallel_for_each(ctx.objs, [&](ObjectFile<E> *file) {
     for (Symbol<E> *sym : file->get_global_syms()) {
-      if (!sym->file || sym->visibility == STV_HIDDEN ||
-          sym->ver_idx == VER_NDX_LOCAL)
-        continue;
-
-      // If we are using a symbol in a DSO, we need to import it at runtime.
-      if (sym->file != file && sym->file->is_dso && !sym->is_absolute()) {
-        std::scoped_lock lock(sym->mu);
-        sym->is_imported = true;
+      // If we are using a symbol in a DSO, we need to import it.
+      if (sym->file && sym->file->is_dso) {
+        if (!sym->is_absolute()) {
+          std::scoped_lock lock(sym->mu);
+          sym->is_imported = true;
+        }
         continue;
       }
 
-      // If we are creating a DSO, all global symbols are exported by default.
-      if (sym->file == file) {
-        std::scoped_lock lock(sym->mu);
+      // If we have a definition of a symbol, we may want to export it.
+      if (sym->file == file && should_export(*sym)) {
         sym->is_exported = true;
 
-        if (ctx.arg.shared && sym->visibility != STV_PROTECTED &&
+        // Exported symbols are marked as imported as well by default
+        // for DSOs.
+        if (ctx.arg.shared &&
+            sym->visibility != STV_PROTECTED &&
             !ctx.arg.Bsymbolic &&
             !(ctx.arg.Bsymbolic_functions && sym->get_type() == STT_FUNC))
           sym->is_imported = true;
       }
     }
   });
+
+
+  // Apply --dynamic-list, --export-dynamic-symbol and
+  // --export-dynamic-symbol-list options.
+  //
+  // The semantics of these options vary depending on whether we are
+  // creating an executalbe or a shared object.
+  //
+  // For executable, matched symbols are exported.
+  //
+  // For shared objects, matched symbols are imported if it is already
+  // exported so that they are interposable. In other words, symbols
+  // that did not match will be bound locally within the output file,
+  // effectively turning them into protected symbols.
+  MultiGlob matcher;
+  MultiGlob cpp_matcher;
+
+  auto handle_match = [&](Symbol<E> *sym) {
+    if (ctx.arg.shared) {
+      if (sym->is_exported)
+        sym->is_imported = true;
+    } else {
+      if (sym->file && !sym->file->is_dso && sym->visibility != STV_HIDDEN)
+        sym->is_exported = true;
+    }
+  };
+
+  for (DynamicPattern &p : ctx.dynamic_list_patterns) {
+    if (p.is_cpp) {
+      if (!cpp_matcher.add(p.pattern, 1))
+        Fatal(ctx) << p.source << ": invalid dynamic list entry: "
+                   << p.pattern;
+      continue;
+    }
+
+    if (p.pattern.find_first_of("*?[") != p.pattern.npos) {
+      if (!matcher.add(p.pattern, 1))
+        Fatal(ctx) << p.source << ": invalid dynamic list entry: "
+                   << p.pattern;
+      continue;
+    }
+
+    handle_match(get_symbol(ctx, p.pattern));
+  }
+
+  if (!matcher.empty() || !cpp_matcher.empty()) {
+    tbb::parallel_for_each(ctx.objs, [&](ObjectFile<E> *file) {
+      for (Symbol<E> *sym : file->get_global_syms()) {
+        if (sym->file != file)
+          continue;
+        if (ctx.arg.shared && !sym->is_exported)
+          continue;
+
+        std::string_view name = sym->name();
+
+        if (matcher.find(name)) {
+          handle_match(sym);
+        } else if (!cpp_matcher.empty()) {
+          if (std::optional<std::string_view> s = cpp_demangle(name))
+            name = *s;
+          if (cpp_matcher.find(name))
+            handle_match(sym);
+        }
+      }
+    });
+  }
 }
 
 // Compute the "address-taken" bit for each input section.
@@ -2592,18 +2716,12 @@ void fix_synthetic_symbols(Context<E> &ctx) {
     if (u64 *addr = std::get_if<u64>(&val)) {
       sym->origin = 0;
       sym->value = *addr;
-      continue;
+    } else {
+      Symbol<E> *sym2 = std::get<Symbol<E> *>(val);
+      sym->value = sym2->value;
+      sym->origin = sym2->origin;
+      sym->visibility = sym2->visibility.load();
     }
-
-    Symbol<E> *sym2 = std::get<Symbol<E> *>(val);
-    if (!sym2->file) {
-      Error(ctx) << "--defsym: undefined symbol: " << *sym2;
-      continue;
-    }
-
-    sym->value = sym2->value;
-    sym->origin = sym2->origin;
-    sym->visibility = sym2->visibility.load();
   }
 
 
@@ -2756,6 +2874,7 @@ template void check_duplicate_symbols(Context<E> &);
 template void check_symbol_types(Context<E> &);
 template void sort_init_fini(Context<E> &);
 template void sort_ctor_dtor(Context<E> &);
+template void fixup_ctors_in_init_array(Context<E> &);
 template void shuffle_sections(Context<E> &);
 template void compute_section_sizes(Context<E> &);
 template void sort_output_sections(Context<E> &);

test/elf/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -1,7 +1,10 @@
-option(MOLD_ENABLE_QEMU_TESTS "Enable tests on non-native targets" OFF)
-
+option(MOLD_ENABLE_QEMU_TESTS "Enable tests on non-native targets" ON)
 set(HOST ${CMAKE_HOST_SYSTEM_PROCESSOR})
 
+if(EXISTS "/proc/cpuinfo")
+  file(READ "/proc/cpuinfo" CPUINFO)
+endif()
+
 # CMAKE_HOST_SYSTEM_PROCESSOR returns "aarch64" on ARM32 userland
 # with ARM64 kernel. Here, we run `cc -dumpmachine` to determine the
 # compiler's default target.
@@ -25,67 +28,154 @@ elseif(${HOST} STREQUAL "powerpc64le")
   set(HOST ppc64le)
 endif()
 
+if(MOLD_ENABLE_QEMU_TESTS)
+  list(APPEND QEMU_ARCHS
+    x86_64 i386 arm aarch64 ppc ppc64 ppc64le sparc64 sh4 s390x
+    alpha riscv64 riscv32 m68k loongarch64)
+
+  LIST(APPEND TRIPLES
+    x86_64-linux-gnu
+    i686-linux-gnu
+    aarch64-linux-gnu
+    arm-linux-gnueabihf
+    riscv64-linux-gnu
+    powerpc-linux-gnu
+    powerpc64-linux-gnu
+    powerpc64le-linux-gnu
+    sparc64-linux-gnu
+    s390x-linux-gnu
+    sh4-linux-gnu
+    alpha-linux-gnu
+    riscv32-linux-gnu
+    m68k-linux-gnu
+    loongarch64-linux-gnu)
+
+  foreach(ARCH IN LISTS QEMU_ARCHS)
+    find_program(HAS_qemu-${ARCH} qemu-${ARCH})
+  endforeach()
+
+  foreach(TRIPLE IN LISTS TRIPLES)
+    find_program(HAS_${TRIPLE}-gcc ${TRIPLE}-gcc)
+  endforeach()
+endif()
+
 function(add_target ARCH TRIPLE)
+  set(CPU ${ARGV2})
+
   if(${ARCH} STREQUAL ${HOST})
     set(IS_NATIVE 1)
   endif()
 
-  if(IS_NATIVE OR MOLD_ENABLE_QEMU_TESTS)
-    file(GLOB ALL_TESTS RELATIVE ${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR} CONFIGURE_DEPENDS "*.sh")
+  file(GLOB ALL_TESTS RELATIVE ${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR} CONFIGURE_DEPENDS
+    "*.sh")
 
-    list(FILTER ALL_TESTS EXCLUDE REGEX "_")
+  list(FILTER ALL_TESTS EXCLUDE REGEX "_")
 
-    file(GLOB TESTS RELATIVE ${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR} CONFIGURE_DEPENDS "${ARCH}_*.sh")
+  file(GLOB TESTS RELATIVE ${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR} CONFIGURE_DEPENDS
+    "${ARCH}_*.sh")
 
-    list(APPEND TESTS ${ALL_TESTS})
+  list(APPEND TESTS ${ALL_TESTS})
 
-    foreach(TEST IN LISTS TESTS)
+  foreach(TEST IN LISTS TESTS)
+    if(CPU)
+      string(REGEX REPLACE "\\.sh$" "" TESTNAME "${ARCH}_${CPU}-${TEST}")
+    else()
       string(REGEX REPLACE "\\.sh$" "" TESTNAME "${ARCH}-${TEST}")
+    endif()
 
-      add_test(NAME ${TESTNAME}
-        COMMAND bash -x ${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR}/${TEST}
-        WORKING_DIRECTORY ${mold_BINARY_DIR})
+    add_test(NAME ${TESTNAME}
+      COMMAND bash -x ${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR}/${TEST}
+      WORKING_DIRECTORY ${mold_BINARY_DIR})
 
-      set_property(TEST ${TESTNAME} APPEND PROPERTY ENVIRONMENT "HOST=${HOST}")
+    set_property(TEST ${TESTNAME} APPEND PROPERTY ENVIRONMENT
+      "HOST=${HOST};CPU=${CPU}")
 
-      if(IS_NATIVE)
-        set_property(TEST ${TESTNAME} APPEND PROPERTY SKIP_REGULAR_EXPRESSION "skipped")
-      else()
-        set_property(TEST ${TESTNAME} APPEND PROPERTY ENVIRONMENT "TRIPLE=${TRIPLE}")
-      endif()
-    endforeach()
-  endif()
+    if(IS_NATIVE)
+      set_property(TEST ${TESTNAME} APPEND PROPERTY SKIP_REGULAR_EXPRESSION
+        "skipped")
+    else()
+      set_property(TEST ${TESTNAME} APPEND PROPERTY ENVIRONMENT
+        "TRIPLE=${TRIPLE}")
+    endif()
+  endforeach()
 endfunction()
 
-add_target(x86_64 x86_64-linux-gnu)
-add_target(i686 i686-linux-gnu)
-add_target(aarch64 aarch64-linux-gnu)
-add_target(arm arm-linux-gnueabihf)
-add_target(riscv64 riscv64-linux-gnu)
-add_target(ppc powerpc-linux-gnu)
-add_target(ppc64 powerpc64-linux-gnu)
-add_target(ppc64le powerpc64le-linux-gnu)
-add_target(sparc64 sparc64-linux-gnu)
-add_target(s390x s390x-linux-gnu)
-add_target(sh4 sh4-linux-gnu)
-add_target(alpha alpha-linux-gnu)
+if(${HOST} STREQUAL "x86_64" OR (HAS_qemu-x86_64 AND HAS_x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc))
+  add_target(x86_64 x86_64-linux-gnu)
+endif()
 
-option(MOLD_ENABLE_QEMU_TESTS_RV32 "Enable tests for RV32" OFF)
-if(MOLD_ENABLE_QEMU_TESTS_RV32)
+if(${HOST} STREQUAL "i686" OR (HAS_qemu-i386 AND HAS_i686-linux-gnu-gcc))
+  add_target(i686 i686-linux-gnu)
+endif()
+
+if(${HOST} STREQUAL "aarch64" OR (HAS_qemu-aarch64 AND HAS_aarch64-linux-gnu-gcc))
+  add_target(aarch64 aarch64-linux-gnu)
+endif()
+
+if(${HOST} STREQUAL "arm" OR (HAS_qemu-arm AND HAS_arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc))
+  add_target(arm arm-linux-gnueabihf)
+endif()
+
+if(${HOST} STREQUAL "riscv64" OR (HAS_qemu-riscv64 AND HAS_riscv64-linux-gnu-gcc))
+  add_target(riscv64 riscv64-linux-gnu)
+endif()
+
+if(${HOST} STREQUAL "riscv32" OR (HAS_qemu-riscv32 AND HAS_riscv32-linux-gnu-gcc))
   add_target(riscv32 riscv32-linux-gnu)
 endif()
 
-option(MOLD_ENABLE_QEMU_TESTS_POWER10 "Enable tests for Power10" OFF)
-if(MOLD_ENABLE_QEMU_TESTS_POWER10)
-  add_target(ppc64le powerpc64le_power10-linux-gnu)
+if(${HOST} STREQUAL "ppc" OR (HAS_qemu-ppc AND HAS_powerpc-linux-gnu-gcc))
+  add_target(ppc powerpc-linux-gnu)
 endif()
 
-option(MOLD_ENABLE_QEMU_TESTS_M68K "Enable tests for m68k" OFF)
-if(MOLD_ENABLE_QEMU_TESTS_M68K)
+if(${HOST} STREQUAL "ppc64" OR (HAS_qemu-ppc64 AND HAS_powerpc64-linux-gnu-gcc))
+  add_target(ppc64 powerpc64-linux-gnu)
+endif()
+
+if(${HOST} STREQUAL "ppc64le" OR (HAS_qemu-ppc64le AND HAS_powerpc64le-linux-gnu-gcc))
+  add_target(ppc64le powerpc64le-linux-gnu)
+endif()
+
+if(${HOST} STREQUAL "ppc64le" AND "${CPUINFO}" MATCHES "POWER10")
+  add_target(ppc64le powerpc64le-linux-gnu power10)
+elseif(HAS_qemu-ppc64le AND HAS_powerpc64le-linux-gnu-gcc)
+  file(WRITE "${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/empty.c" "")
+
+  execute_process(
+    COMMAND powerpc64le-linux-gnu-gcc -mcpu=power10 -E
+      "${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/empty.c"
+    RESULT_VARIABLE GCC_EXIT_CODE
+    OUTPUT_QUIET ERROR_QUIET)
+
+  execute_process(
+    COMMAND qemu-ppc64le -cpu help
+    OUTPUT_VARIABLE QEMU_CPUS)
+
+  if("${GCC_EXIT_CODE}" EQUAL "0" AND "${QEMU_CPUS}" MATCHES power10_v2.0)
+    add_target(ppc64le powerpc64le-linux-gnu power10)
+  endif()
+endif()
+
+if(${HOST} STREQUAL "sparc64" OR (HAS_qemu-sparc64 AND HAS_sparc64-linux-gnu-gcc))
+  add_target(sparc64 sparc64-linux-gnu)
+endif()
+
+if(${HOST} STREQUAL "s390x" OR (HAS_qemu-s390x AND HAS_s390x-linux-gnu-gcc))
+  add_target(s390x s390x-linux-gnu)
+endif()
+
+if(${HOST} STREQUAL "sh4" OR (HAS_qemu-sh4 AND HAS_sh4-linux-gnu-gcc))
+  add_target(sh4 sh4-linux-gnu)
+endif()
+
+if(${HOST} STREQUAL "alpha" OR (HAS_qemu-alpha AND HAS_alpha-linux-gnu-gcc))
+  add_target(alpha alpha-linux-gnu)
+endif()
+
+if(${HOST} STREQUAL "m68k" OR (HAS_qemu-m68k AND HAS_m68k-linux-gnu-gcc))
   add_target(m68k m68k-linux-gnu)
 endif()
 
-option(MOLD_ENABLE_QEMU_TESTS_LOONGARCH "Enable tests for LoongArch" OFF)
-if(MOLD_ENABLE_QEMU_TESTS_LOONGARCH OR ${HOST} STREQUAL loongarch64)
+if(${HOST} STREQUAL "loongarch64" OR (HAS_qemu-loongarch64 AND HAS_loongarch64-linux-gnu-gcc))
   add_target(loongarch64 loongarch64-linux-gnu)
 endif()

test/elf/build-id.sh

@@ -7,8 +7,7 @@ $CC -B. -o $t/exe $t/a.c -Wl,-build-id
 readelf -n $t/exe | grep -qv 'GNU.*0x00000010.*NT_GNU_BUILD_ID'
 
 $CC -B. -o $t/exe $t/a.c -Wl,-build-id=uuid
-readelf -nW $t/exe |
-  grep -Eq 'GNU.*0x00000010.*NT_GNU_BUILD_ID.*Build ID: ............4...[89abcdef]'
+readelf -nW $t/exe | grep -Eq 'Build ID: ............4...[89abcdef]'
 
 $CC -B. -o $t/exe $t/a.c -Wl,-build-id=md5
 readelf -n $t/exe | grep -q 'GNU.*0x00000010.*NT_GNU_BUILD_ID'

test/elf/common.inc

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ export LC_ALL=C
 
 canonical_name() {
   case $1 in
-  i?86) echo i386 ;;
+  i?86) echo i686 ;;
   arm*) echo arm ;;
   powerpc) echo ppc ;;
   powerpc64) echo ppc64 ;;
@@ -30,8 +30,7 @@ if [ -z "$TRIPLE" ]; then
   OBJCOPY=objcopy
   STRIP=strip
   QEMU=
-elif [ "$TRIPLE" = powerpc64le_power10-linux-gnu ]; then
-  TRIPLE=powerpc64le-linux-gnu
+elif [ "$TRIPLE" = powerpc64le-linux-gnu -a "$CPU" = power10 ]; then
   MACHINE=ppc64le
   TESTDIR=out/test/elf/ppc64le-power10
   CC="${TEST_CC:-$TRIPLE-gcc} -mcpu=power10"
@@ -52,22 +51,20 @@ else
   OBJDUMP="$TRIPLE-objdump"
   OBJCOPY="$TRIPLE-objcopy"
   STRIP="$TRIPLE-strip"
-  QEMU="qemu-$MACHINE -L /usr/$TRIPLE"
+
+  if [ $MACHINE = i686 ]; then
+    QEMU="qemu-i386 -L /usr/$TRIPLE"
+  else
+    QEMU="qemu-$MACHINE -L /usr/$TRIPLE"
+  fi
 fi
 
-if [ $MACHINE = x86_64 -o $MACHINE = i386 -o $MACHINE = arm ]; then
+if [ $MACHINE = x86_64 -o $MACHINE = i686 -o $MACHINE = arm ]; then
   tlsdesc_opt=-mtls-dialect=gnu2
 elif [ $MACHINE = aarch64 ]; then
   tlsdesc_opt=-mtls-dialect=desc
 fi
 
-if [ $MACHINE = ppc64le -a -e /proc/cpuinfo ] && grep -q POWER10 /proc/cpuinfo; then
-  CC="$CC -mcpu=power10"
-  CXX="$CXX -mcpu=power10"
-  GCC="$GCC -mcpu=power10"
-  GXX="$GXX -mcpu=power10"
-fi
-
 # Common functions
 test_cflags() {
   echo 'int main() {}' | $CC "$@" -o /dev/null -xc - >& /dev/null

test/elf/copyrel-relro2.sh

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 #!/bin/bash
 . $(dirname $0)/common.inc
 
-
 cat <<EOF | $CC -o $t/a.o -c -xc -fno-PIE -
 #include <setjmp.h>
 #include <signal.h>
@@ -32,7 +31,7 @@ int main() {
 }
 EOF
 
-cat <<EOF | $CC -fPIC -shared -o $t/b.so -xc -
+cat <<EOF | $CC -B. -fPIC -shared -o $t/b.so -xc -
 __attribute__((section (".data.rel.ro"))) char readonly[100] = "abc";
 char readwrite[100] = "abc";
 EOF

test/elf/ctors-in-init-array.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+. $(dirname $0)/common.inc
+
+cat <<EOF | $CC -o $t/a.o -c -xc -
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+static void ctor1() { printf("ctor1 "); }
+static void ctor2() { printf("ctor2 "); }
+static void ctor3() { printf("ctor3 "); }
+static void ctor4() { printf("ctor4 "); }
+
+static void dtor1() { printf("dtor1 "); }
+static void dtor2() { printf("dtor2 "); }
+static void dtor3() { printf("dtor3 "); }
+static void dtor4() { printf("dtor4 "); }
+
+__attribute__((aligned(sizeof(void *)), section(".ctors.65435")))
+void (*ctors65435[])()  = { ctor1 };
+
+__attribute__((aligned(sizeof(void *)), section(".ctors.65433")))
+void (*ctors65433[])()  = { ctor2 };
+
+__attribute__((aligned(sizeof(void *)), section(".ctors")))
+void (*ctors[])()  = { ctor4, ctor3 };
+
+__attribute__((aligned(sizeof(void *)), section(".dtors")))
+void (*dtors[])()  = { dtor1, dtor2 };
+
+__attribute__((aligned(sizeof(void *)), section(".dtors.65433")))
+void (*dtors65433[])()  = { dtor3 };
+
+__attribute__((aligned(sizeof(void *)), section(".dtors.65435")))
+void (*dtors65435[])()  = { dtor4 };
+EOF
+
+cat <<EOF | $CC -o $t/b.o -c -xc -
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+__attribute__((constructor(101)))
+static void init1() { printf("init1 "); }
+
+__attribute__((constructor))
+static void init2() { printf("init2 "); }
+
+__attribute__((destructor(101)))
+static void fini1() { printf("fini1 "); }
+
+__attribute__((destructor))
+static void fini2() { printf("fini2 "); }
+
+int main() {}
+EOF
+
+$CC -B. -o $t/exe $t/a.o $t/b.o
+$QEMU $t/exe | grep -q 'ctor1 init1 ctor2 ctor3 ctor4 init2 fini2 dtor1 dtor2 dtor3 fini1 dtor4'

test/elf/defsym-missing-symbol.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+. $(dirname $0)/common.inc
+
+cat <<EOF | $CC -o $t/a.o -c -xc -
+int main() {}
+EOF
+
+! $CC -B. -o $t/exe $t/a.o -Wl,-defsym=foo=bar 2> $t/log
+grep -q 'undefined symbol: bar' $t/log

test/elf/dynamic-list4.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+. $(dirname $0)/common.inc
+
+cat <<EOF | $CC -o $t/a.o -c -xc - -fPIC
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+void foo() { printf("foo1 "); }
+void bar() { printf("bar1 "); }
+void baz() { printf("baz1 "); }
+
+void print() {
+  foo();
+  bar();
+  baz();
+  printf("\n");
+}
+EOF
+
+cat <<EOF > $t/dyn
+{ foo; bar; };
+EOF
+
+$CC -B. -shared -o $t/b.so $t/a.o -Wl,--dynamic-list=$t/dyn
+
+cat <<EOF | $CC -o $t/c.o -c -xc - -fPIC
+#include <stdio.h>
+void foo() { printf("foo2 "); }
+void bar() { printf("bar2 "); }
+void baz() { printf("baz2 "); }
+EOF
+
+$CC -B. -shared -o $t/d.so $t/c.o
+
+cat <<EOF | $CC -o $t/e.o -c -xc -
+#include <stdio.h>
+void print();
+int main() { print(); }
+EOF
+
+$CC -B. -o $t/exe1 $t/e.o -Wl,-push-state,-no-as-needed $t/b.so -Wl,-pop-state
+$QEMU $t/exe1 | grep -q 'foo1 bar1 baz1'
+
+$CC -B. -o $t/exe2 $t/e.o -Wl,-push-state,-no-as-needed $t/d.so $t/b.so -Wl,-pop-state
+$QEMU $t/exe2 | grep -q 'foo2 bar2 baz1'

test/elf/emit-relocs-dead-sections.sh

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #!/bin/bash
 . $(dirname $0)/common.inc
 
+[ $MACHINE = m68k ] && skip
 [ $MACHINE = sh4 ] && skip
 
 cat <<EOF | $CXX -o $t/a.o -c -fPIC -xc++ -g -ffunction-sections -

test/elf/exception.sh

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #!/bin/bash
 . $(dirname $0)/common.inc
 
+[ $MACHINE = m68k ] && skip
 [ $MACHINE = sh4 ] && skip
 
 static=

test/elf/global-offset-table.sh

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ GOT_ADDR=$($QEMU $t/exe)
 
 # _GLOBAL_OFFSET_TABLE_ refers the end of .got only on x86.
 # We assume .got is followed by .gotplt.
-if [ $MACHINE = x86_64 -o $MACHINE = i386 ]; then
+if [ $MACHINE = x86_64 -o $MACHINE = i686 ]; then
   readelf -WS $t/exe | grep -q "\.got\.plt .*$GOT_ADDR "
 else
   readelf -WS $t/exe | grep -q "\.got .*$GOT_ADDR "

test/elf/gnu-unique.sh

@@ -18,5 +18,5 @@ int main() {
 }
 EOF
 
-$CC -B. -o $t/exe $t/a.o $t/b.o
+$CC -B. -o $t/exe $t/a.o $t/b.o -no-pie
 $QEMU $t/exe | grep -q 'foo=5'

test/elf/gnu-warning.sh

@@ -16,5 +16,5 @@ int main() {
 EOF
 
 # Make sure that we do not copy .gnu.warning.* sections.
-$CC -B. -o $t/exe $t/a.o
+$CC -B. -o $t/exe $t/a.o -no-pie
 $QEMU $t/exe | grep -q 'Hello world'

test/elf/i386_tls-module-base.sh

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 #!/bin/bash
 . $(dirname $0)/common.inc
 
-[ $MACHINE = i386 ] || skip
+[ $MACHINE = i686 ] || skip
 
 cat <<'EOF' | $CC -fPIC -o $t/a.o -c -xassembler -
 .globl get_foo

test/elf/ifunc-address-equality-exported.sh

@@ -29,5 +29,5 @@ int main() {
 }
 EOF
 
-$CC -B. -o $t/exe1 $t/c.o $t/b.so -no-pie
-$QEMU $t/exe1 | grep -Eq '^(\S+) \1'
+$CC -B. -o $t/exe $t/c.o $t/b.so -no-pie
+$QEMU $t/exe | grep -Eq '^(\S+) \1'

test/elf/ifunc-alias.sh

@@ -16,5 +16,8 @@ int main() {
 }
 EOF
 
-$CC -B. -o $t/exe $t/a.o
-$QEMU $t/exe | grep -Eq '^(\S+) \1$'
+$CC -B. -o $t/exe1 $t/a.o -pie
+$QEMU $t/exe1 | grep -Eq '^(\S+) \1$'
+
+$CC -B. -o $t/exe2 $t/a.o -no-pie
+$QEMU $t/exe2 | grep -Eq '^(\S+) \1$'

test/elf/ifunc-funcptr.sh

@@ -33,5 +33,8 @@ int main() {
 }
 EOF
 
-$CC -B. -o $t/exe $t/a.o $t/b.o $t/c.o
-$QEMU $t/exe | grep -q '^3$'
+$CC -B. -o $t/exe1 $t/a.o $t/b.o $t/c.o -pie
+$QEMU $t/exe1 | grep -q '^3$'
+
+$CC -B. -o $t/exe2 $t/a.o $t/b.o $t/c.o -no-pie
+$QEMU $t/exe2 | grep -q '^3$'

test/elf/ifunc-noplt.sh

@@ -24,5 +24,8 @@ int main() {
 }
 EOF
 
-$CC -B. -o $t/exe $t/a.o
-$QEMU $t/exe | grep -q 'Hello world'
+$CC -B. -o $t/exe1 $t/a.o -pie
+$QEMU $t/exe1 | grep -q 'Hello world'
+
+$CC -B. -o $t/exe2 $t/a.o -no-pie
+$QEMU $t/exe2 | grep -q 'Hello world'

test/elf/issue646.sh

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #!/bin/bash
 . $(dirname $0)/common.inc
 
+[ $MACHINE = m68k ] && skip
 [ $MACHINE = sh4 ] && skip
 
 cat <<EOF | $CXX -o $t/a.o -c -xc++ -

test/elf/large-alignment-dso.sh

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 #!/bin/bash
 . $(dirname $0)/common.inc
 
-[ $MACHINE = i386 ] && skip
+[ $MACHINE = i686 ] && skip
 
 cat <<EOF | $CC -o $t/a.o -c -xc - -ffunction-sections -fPIC
 #include <stdio.h>

test/elf/large-alignment.sh

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 #!/bin/bash
 . $(dirname $0)/common.inc
 
-[ $MACHINE = i386 ] && skip
+[ $MACHINE = i686 ] && skip
 
 cat <<EOF | $CC -o $t/a.o -c -xc - -ffunction-sections
 #include <stdio.h>

test/elf/nocopyreloc.sh

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 #!/bin/bash
 . $(dirname $0)/common.inc
 
-[ $MACHINE = i386 ] && skip
+[ $MACHINE = i686 ] && skip
 [ $MACHINE = m68k ] && skip
 [ $MACHINE = arm ] && skip
 [ $MACHINE = ppc64 ] && skip

test/elf/range-extension-thunk.sh

@@ -2,12 +2,16 @@
 . $(dirname $0)/common.inc
 
 # Skip if 32 bits as we use very large addresses in this test.
-[ $MACHINE = i386 ] && skip
+[ $MACHINE = i686 ] && skip
 [ $MACHINE = riscv32 ] && skip
 
 # It looks like SPARC's runtime can't handle PLT if it's too far from GOT.
 [ $MACHINE = sparc64 ] && skip
 
+# qemu aborts with the "Unknown exception 0x5" error, although this
+# test passes on a real POWER10 machine.
+[ -n "$QEMU" -a "$CPU" = power10 ] && skip
+
 cat <<EOF > $t/a.c
 #include <stdio.h>
 

test/elf/relocatable-c++.sh

@@ -4,7 +4,8 @@
 # OneTBB isn't tsan-clean
 nm mold | grep -q '__tsan_init' && skip
 
-# Ubuntu 22.04 SH4 GCC is broken
+# Ubuntu 22.04 GCC is broken
+[ $MACHINE = m68k ] && skip
 [ $MACHINE = sh4 ] && skip
 
 cat <<EOF | $CXX -c -o $t/a.o -xc++ -

test/elf/relocatable-exception.sh

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #!/bin/bash
 . $(dirname $0)/common.inc
 
+[ $MACHINE = m68k ] && skip
 [ $MACHINE = sh4 ] && skip
 
 # OneTBB isn't tsan-clean

test/elf/rodata-name.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+. $(dirname $0)/common.inc
+
+# ARM assembler has a differnet grammar than the others.
+# Concretely speaking, ARM as uses "@" as a start of a comment.
+[ $MACHINE = arm ] && skip
+
+cat <<'EOF' | $CC -c -o $t/a.o -x assembler -
+.globl val1, val2, val3, val4, val5
+
+.section .rodata.str1.1,"aMS",@progbits,1
+val1:
+.ascii "Hello \0"
+
+.section .rodata.foo,"aMS",@progbits,4
+.p2align 2
+val2:
+.ascii "world   \0\0\0\0"
+
+.section .rodata.x,"aMS",@progbits,1
+val3:
+.ascii "foobar\0"
+
+.section .rodata.cst8,"aM",@progbits,8
+.p2align 3
+val4:
+.ascii "abcdefgh"
+
+.section .rodatabaz,"aMS",@progbits,1
+val5:
+.ascii "baz\0"
+EOF
+
+cat <<'EOF' | $CC -c -o $t/b.o -xc -
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+extern char val1, val2, val3, val4, val5;
+
+int main() {
+  printf("%p %p %p %p %p\n", &val1, &val2, &val3, &val4, &val5);
+}
+EOF
+
+$CC -B. -o $t/exe $t/a.o $t/b.o
+
+readelf -p .rodata.str1.1 $t/exe | grep -q Hello
+readelf -p .rodata.str4.4 $t/exe | grep -q world
+readelf -p .rodata.str1.1 $t/exe | grep -q foobar
+readelf -p .rodata.cst8 $t/exe | grep -q abcdefgh
+readelf -p .rodatabaz $t/exe | grep -q baz

test/elf/tls-ie.sh

@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ EOF
 
 $CC -B. -shared -o $t/b.so $t/a.o
 
-cat <<EOF | $GCC -c -o $t/c.o -xc -
+cat <<EOF | $GCC -c -o $t/c.o -xc - -fPIC
 #include <stdio.h>
 
 _Thread_local int baz;

test/elf/tls-nopic.sh

@@ -23,5 +23,5 @@ cat <<EOF | $CC -xc -c -o $t/b.o -
 __attribute__((tls_model("global-dynamic"))) _Thread_local int foo;
 EOF
 
-$CC -B. -o $t/exe $t/a.o $t/b.o
+$CC -B. -o $t/exe $t/a.o $t/b.o -no-pie
 $QEMU $t/exe | grep -q '3 5 3 5'

test/elf/version-script6.sh

@@ -9,10 +9,10 @@ EOF
 cat <<EOF | $CXX -fPIC -c -o $t/b.o -xc -
 int foo = 5;
 int bar = 6;
+int quux = 100;
 EOF
 
-$CC -B. -shared -Wl,--version-script=$t/a.ver \
-  -o $t/c.so $t/b.o
+$CC -B. -shared -Wl,--version-script=$t/a.ver -o $t/c.so $t/b.o
 
 cat <<'EOF' > $t/d.ver
 VER_Y1 { local; *; };

test/elf/x86_64_gnu-linkonce.sh

@@ -22,5 +22,6 @@ int main() {}
 EOF
 
 $CC -B. -o $t/exe $t/a.o $t/b.o $t/c.o
+$OBJDUMP -d $t/exe >& /dev/null || skip
 $OBJDUMP -d $t/exe | grep -A1 '<__x86.get_pc_thunk.bx>:' | \
   grep -Fq 'puts$plt'

test/elf/x86_64_note-property.sh

@@ -4,6 +4,8 @@
 # Skip if target is not x86-64
 [ $MACHINE = x86_64 ] || skip
 
+echo endbr64 | $CC -o /dev/null -c -xassembler - 2> /dev/null || skip
+
 $CC -fcf-protection=branch -c /dev/null -o /dev/null -xc 2> /dev/null || skip
 
 cat <<EOF | $CC -fcf-protection=branch -c -o $t/a.o -xc -

test/elf/x86_64_relax.sh

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 
 # Skip if target is not x86-64
 [ $MACHINE = x86_64 ] || skip
+echo ret | cc -c -o /dev/null -xassembler -Wa,-mrelax-relocations=yes - 2> /dev/null || skip
 
 cat <<EOF | $CC -o $t/a.o -c -x assembler -Wa,-mrelax-relocations=yes -
 .globl bar

test/elf/x86_64_z-ibt.sh

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 . $(dirname $0)/common.inc
 
 [ $MACHINE = x86_64 ] || skip
+echo endbr64 | $CC -o /dev/null -c -xassembler - 2> /dev/null || skip
 
 cat <<EOF | $CC -o $t/a.o -c -x assembler -
 .globl main

test/elf/x86_64_z-shstk.sh

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 . $(dirname $0)/common.inc
 
 [ $MACHINE = x86_64 ] || skip
+echo endbr64 | $CC -o /dev/null -c -xassembler - 2> /dev/null || skip
 
 cat <<EOF | $CC -o $t/a.o -c -x assembler -
 .globl main