Automated build commit

2026-11-08 07:28:22 -10:00 · 2024-02-26 02:47:29 +00:00
278 changed files with 2947 additions and 5421 deletions
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+name: Publish Standalone docker image
+
+on:
+  push:
+    tags:
+    - 'nightly_*'
+    - 'release_*'
+
+jobs:
+  build_images:
+    if: github.repository == 'scp-fs2open/fs2open.github.com'
+    strategy:
+      matrix:
+        configuration: [FastDebug, Release]
+        include:
+        - configuration: FastDebug
+          tag_suffix: -debug
+        - configuration: Release
+          tag_suffix: ""
+      fail-fast: false
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v1
+      name: Checkout
+      with:
+        submodules: true
+    - name: Set up Docker Buildx
+      uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v1
+
+    - name: Docker meta
+      id: docker_meta
+      uses: crazy-max/ghaction-docker-meta@v1
+      with:
+        images: ghcr.io/scp-fs2open/standalone_server
+        tag-latest: false
+
+    - name: Login to GitHub Docker Registry
+      uses: docker/login-action@v1
+      with:
+        registry: ghcr.io
+        username: ${{ github.repository_owner }}
+        password: ${{ secrets.CR_PAT }}
+    - name: Build and push
+      id: docker_build
+      uses: docker/build-push-action@v2
+      with:
+        context: .
+        file: ./docker/standalone/Dockerfile
+        push: true
+        tags: ${{ steps.docker_meta.outputs.tags }}${{ matrix.tag_suffix }}
+        labels: ${{ steps.docker_meta.outputs.labels }}
+        build-args: |
+          build_type=${{ matrix.configuration }}
@@ -2,17 +2,14 @@ name: Weekly Coverity Scan for Freespace Open
 # adapted from code by "albert-github" on the doxygen repository
 # many thanks for figuring this out first so it could be less painful for us!

-# keep this from running on everyone's fork
-# if: github.ref == 'refs/heads/master'
-
 #This mode is for testing
 #on: [push, pull_request]

 # In production, push on a specific schedule
 on:
  schedule:
-    - cron: "57 18 * * *" # Run once per a week on Friday morning (4 AM EST), to avoid Coverity's submission limits
-  
+    - cron: "5 0 * * 5" # Run once per a week on Friday morning (midnight UTC, 4 AM EST), to avoid Coverity's submission limits
+
 env:
  QT_VERSION: 5.12.12
  coverity_email: [email protected]
@@ -21,17 +18,19 @@ env:
 jobs:
  build:
    name: Build FSO With Coverity Wrapper
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    runs-on: ${{ matrix.config.os }}
    container: ghcr.io/scp-fs2open/linux_build:sha-1ff82e8
    strategy:
      fail-fast: false
-       
+      matrix:
+        config:
+          - { name: "GCC on ubuntu", os: ubuntu-latest, build_type: "Release" }

    steps:
      - name: Checkout
        uses: actions/checkout@v1
        with:
-          submodules: true # `true` to checkout submodules, `recursive` to recursively checkout submodules
+          submodules: recursive # `true` to checkout submodules, `recursive` to recursively checkout submodules

      # pipe results of wget to a log file because it's very verbose and rarely fails
      - name: Install Coverity
@@ -47,8 +46,8 @@ jobs:

      - name: Configure CMake for FSO
        env:
-          CONFIGURATION: FastDebug
-          COMPILER: gcc-9
+          CONFIGURATION: Release
+          compiler: gcc-9
          ENABLE_QTFRED: OFF
        run: $GITHUB_WORKSPACE/ci/linux/configure_cmake.sh

@@ -6,8 +6,8 @@ if (EXISTS "${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/version_override.cmake")
    include("${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/version_override.cmake")
 endif()

-set_if_not_defined(FSO_VERSION_MAJOR 24)
-set_if_not_defined(FSO_VERSION_MINOR 1)
+set_if_not_defined(FSO_VERSION_MAJOR 23)
+set_if_not_defined(FSO_VERSION_MINOR 3)
 set_if_not_defined(FSO_VERSION_BUILD 0)

 # A numeric revision e.g. the CI build number
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ ProgramInstance::ProgramInstance(const actions::Program* program) : _program(pro

 ProgramState ProgramInstance::step()
 {
-	if (!_locals.host.isValid()) {
+	if (!_locals.host.IsValid()) {
 		return ProgramState::Done;
 	}

@@ -157,9 +157,7 @@ namespace AI {
 		Whackable_debris,
 		Whackable_asteroids,
 		Dynamic_goals_afterburn_hard,
-		Player_orders_afterburn_hard,
 		Hudsquadmsg_tactical_disarm_disable,
-		Align_to_target_when_guarding_still,

 		NUM_VALUES
 	};
@@ -625,12 +625,8 @@ void parse_ai_profiles_tbl(const char *filename)

 				set_flag(profile, "$dynamic goals afterburn hard:", AI::Profile_Flags::Dynamic_goals_afterburn_hard);

-				set_flag(profile, "$player orders afterburn hard:", AI::Profile_Flags::Player_orders_afterburn_hard);
-
 				set_flag(profile, "$hud squad messages use tactical disarm/disable:", AI::Profile_Flags::Hudsquadmsg_tactical_disarm_disable);

-				set_flag(profile, "$align to target when guarding stationary ship:", AI::Profile_Flags::Align_to_target_when_guarding_still);
-
 				// if we've been through once already and are at the same place, force a move
 				if (saved_Mp && (saved_Mp == Mp))
 				{
@@ -3515,7 +3515,6 @@ void ai_start_waypoints(object *objp, waypoint_list *wp_list, int wp_flags, int
 	aip->wp_index = start_index;
 	aip->wp_flags = wp_flags;
 	aip->mode = AIM_WAYPOINTS;
-	aip->submode_parm0 = start_index;	// keep track of the start index because we need it for Fix_ai_path_order_bug

 	Assert(aip->active_goal != AI_ACTIVE_GOAL_DYNAMIC);
 }
@@ -10892,14 +10891,14 @@ void ai_guard()
 						//	Goal point is in front.
 						//	If close to goal point, don't change direction, just change speed.
 						if (dist_to_goal_point > Pl_objp->radius + 10.0f) {
-							turn_towards_point(Pl_objp, &goal_point, nullptr, 0.0f);
+							turn_towards_point(Pl_objp, &goal_point, NULL, 0.0f);
 						}
 						
 						set_accel_for_target_speed(Pl_objp, guard_objp->phys_info.speed + (dist_to_goal_point-40.0f)/20.0f);
 					}
 				} else {
 					if (dot_to_goal_point > 0.8f) {
-						turn_towards_point(Pl_objp, &goal_point, nullptr, 0.0f);
+						turn_towards_point(Pl_objp, &goal_point, NULL, 0.0f);
 						set_accel_for_target_speed(Pl_objp, guard_objp->phys_info.speed + dist_to_goal_point*0.1f);
 					} else {
 						set_accel_for_target_speed(Pl_objp, guard_objp->phys_info.speed - dist_to_goal_point*0.1f - 1.0f);
@@ -10908,14 +10907,10 @@ void ai_guard()
 			// consider guard object STILL
 			} else if (guard_objp->radius < 50.0f) {
 				if (dist_to_goal_point > 15.0f) {
-					turn_towards_point(Pl_objp, &goal_point, nullptr, 0.0f);
+					turn_towards_point(Pl_objp, &goal_point, NULL, 0.0f);
 					set_accel_for_target_speed(Pl_objp, (dist_to_goal_point-10.0f)/2.0f);
 				} else if (Pl_objp->phys_info.speed < 1.0f) {
-					if (aip->ai_profile_flags[AI::Profile_Flags::Align_to_target_when_guarding_still]) {
-						turn_towards_point(Pl_objp, &guard_objp->pos, nullptr, 0.0f, &guard_objp->orient);
-					} else {
-						turn_away_from_point(Pl_objp, &guard_objp->pos, 0.0f);
-					}
+					turn_away_from_point(Pl_objp, &guard_objp->pos, 0.0f);
 				}
 				//	It's a big ship
 			} else if (dist_to_guardobj > MAX_GUARD_DIST + Pl_objp->radius + guard_objp->radius) {
@@ -12615,12 +12610,7 @@ int ai_formation()
 	if (aip->mode == AIM_WAYPOINTS) {
 		if (The_mission.ai_profile->flags[AI::Profile_Flags::Fix_ai_path_order_bug]){
 			// skip if wing leader has no waypoint order or a different waypoint list
-			// ...or if it's a different start index or direction
-			if (    (laip->mode != AIM_WAYPOINTS)
-				||  (laip->wp_list != aip->wp_list)
-				||  (laip->submode_parm0 != aip->submode_parm0)
-				|| ((laip->wp_flags & WPF_BACKTRACK) != (aip->wp_flags & WPF_BACKTRACK))
-				) {
+			if ((laip->mode != AIM_WAYPOINTS) || !(aip->wp_list == laip->wp_list)){
 				return 1;
 			}
 		}
@@ -13908,7 +13898,10 @@ int ai_acquire_depart_path(object *pl_objp, int parent_objnum, int allowed_path_
 */
 void ai_bay_depart()
 {
-	auto aip = &Ai_info[Ships[Pl_objp->instance].ai_index];
+	ai_info	*aip;
+	int anchor_shipnum;
+
+	aip = &Ai_info[Ships[Pl_objp->instance].ai_index];

 	// if no path to follow, leave this mode
 	if ( aip->path_start < 0 ) {
@@ -13917,8 +13910,8 @@ void ai_bay_depart()
 	}

 	// check if parent ship valid; if not, abort depart
-	auto anchor_ship_entry = ship_registry_get(Parse_names[Ships[Pl_objp->instance].departure_anchor]);
-	if (!anchor_ship_entry || !ship_useful_for_departure(anchor_ship_entry->shipnum, Ships[Pl_objp->instance].departure_path_mask))
+	anchor_shipnum = ship_name_lookup(Parse_names[Ships[Pl_objp->instance].departure_anchor]);
+	if (anchor_shipnum < 0 || !ship_useful_for_departure(anchor_shipnum, Ships[Pl_objp->instance].departure_path_mask))
 	{
 		mprintf(("Aborting bay departure!\n"));
 		aip->mode = AIM_NONE;
@@ -13929,7 +13922,7 @@ void ai_bay_depart()

 	ai_manage_bay_doors(Pl_objp, aip, false);

-	if ( anchor_ship_entry->shipp()->bay_doors_status != MA_POS_READY )
+	if ( Ships[anchor_shipnum].bay_doors_status != MA_POS_READY )
 		return;

 	// follow the path to the final point
@@ -751,9 +751,6 @@ void ai_add_goal_sub_player(int type, int mode, int submode, const char *target_
 	if ( target_name != NULL )
 		aigp->target_name = ai_get_goal_target_name( target_name, &aigp->target_name_index );

-	if (The_mission.ai_profile->flags[AI::Profile_Flags::Player_orders_afterburn_hard])
-		aigp->flags.set(AI::Goal_Flags::Afterburn_hard);
-

 	// special case certain orders from player so that ships continue to do the right thing

@@ -389,7 +389,7 @@ ai_achievability ai_lua_is_achievable(const ai_goal* aigp, int objnum){
 	if (!retVals.empty() && retVals[0].getValueType() == luacpp::ValueType::USERDATA) {
 		scripting::api::enum_h enumData;
 		retVals[0].getValue(scripting::api::l_Enum.Get(&enumData));
-		if (!enumData.isValid()) {
+		if (!enumData.IsValid()) {
 			Error(LOCATION, "LuaAI SEXP achievability hook returned an invalid avilability enum.");
 			return ai_achievability::ACHIEVABLE;
 		}
@@ -2536,10 +2536,9 @@ void ai_turret_execute_behavior(const ship *shipp, ship_subsys *ss)
 		return;
 	}

-	//This can't happen. See above code
-	//if ( lep == nullptr ){
-	//	return;
-	//}
+	if ( lep == nullptr ){
+		return;
+	}

 	//This can't happen. See above code
 	//Assert(ss->turret_enemy_objnum != -1);
@@ -14,8 +14,8 @@
 #include "ship/ship.h"        //compute_slew_matrix

 //*************************IMPORTANT GLOBALS*************************
-fov_t VIEWER_ZOOM_DEFAULT = DEFAULT_FOV;
-fov_t COCKPIT_ZOOM_DEFAULT = DEFAULT_FOV;
+fov_t VIEWER_ZOOM_DEFAULT = 0.75f;			//	Default viewer zoom, 0.625 as per multi-lateral agreement on 3/24/97
+fov_t COCKPIT_ZOOM_DEFAULT = 0.75f;
 float Sexp_fov = 0.0f;
 warp_camera Warp_camera;

@@ -54,9 +54,6 @@ APPLY_TO_FOV_T(*, mul)
 APPLY_TO_FOV_T(+, add)
 APPLY_TO_FOV_T(-, sub)

-// Used to set the default value for in-game options
-static constexpr float fov_default = DEFAULT_FOV;
-
 static SCP_string fov_display(float val)
 {
 	auto degrees = fl_degrees(val);
@@ -67,55 +64,18 @@ static SCP_string fov_display(float val)
 auto FovOption = options::OptionBuilder<float>("Graphics.FOV",
 					 std::pair<const char*, int>{"Field Of View", 1703},
 					 std::pair<const char*, int>{"The vertical field of view", 1704})
-					 .category(std::make_pair("Graphics", 1825))
+					 .category("Graphics")
 					 .range(0.436332f, 1.5708f)
 					 .change_listener([](const float& val, bool) {
 					      VIEWER_ZOOM_DEFAULT = val;
 					      return true;
 					 })
 					 .display(fov_display)
-					 .default_val(fov_default)
+					 .default_val(0.75f)
 					 .level(options::ExpertLevel::Advanced)
 					 .importance(60)
 					 .finish();

-bool Use_cockpit_fov = false;
-
-auto CockpitFOVToggleOption = options::OptionBuilder<bool>("Graphics.CockpitFOVToggle",
-					 std::pair<const char*, int>{"Cockpit FOV Toggle", 1838},
-					 std::pair<const char*, int>{"Whether or not to use a different FOV for cockpit rendering from normal rendering", 1839})
-					 .category(std::make_pair("Graphics", 1825))
-					 .default_val(false)
-					 .change_listener([](bool val, bool) {
-					      if (!val) {
-					           COCKPIT_ZOOM_DEFAULT = VIEWER_ZOOM_DEFAULT;
-					      }
-					      return true; // This option will always persist so we never return false
-					 })
-					 .level(options::ExpertLevel::Advanced)
-					 .bind_to(&Use_cockpit_fov)
-					 .importance(61)
-					 .finish();
-
-auto CockpitFovOption = options::OptionBuilder<float>("Graphics.CockpitFOV",
-					 std::pair<const char*, int>{"Cockpit Field Of View", 1840},
-					 std::pair<const char*, int>{"The vertical field of view for cockpit rendering. Only works if cockpits are active and cockpit FOV toggle is turned on.", 1841})
-					 .category(std::make_pair("Graphics", 1825))
-					 .range(0.436332f, 1.5708f)
-					 .change_listener([](const float& val, bool) {
-					      if (Use_cockpit_fov){
-					           COCKPIT_ZOOM_DEFAULT = val;
-						  } else {
-							  COCKPIT_ZOOM_DEFAULT = VIEWER_ZOOM_DEFAULT;
-						  }
-					      return true;
-					 })
-					 .display(fov_display)
-					 .default_val(fov_default)
-					 .level(options::ExpertLevel::Advanced)
-					 .importance(62)
-					 .finish();
-
 //*************************CLASS: camera*************************
 //This is where the camera class begins! :D
 camera::camera(const char *in_name, int in_signature)
@@ -341,7 +301,7 @@ void camera::set_rotation_facing(vec3d *in_target, float in_rotation_time, float

 			// if we have a host, we need the difference between the camera's current orient and the orient we want
 			// if not, we will later set the absolute orientation, rather than the orientation relative to the host
-			if (object_host.isValid())
+			if (object_host.IsValid())
 			{
 				vm_transpose(orient);
 				temp_matrix = temp_matrix * *orient;
@@ -364,7 +324,7 @@ void camera::do_frame(float  /*in_frametime*/)

 object *camera::get_object_host()
 {
-	if(object_host.isValid())
+	if(object_host.IsValid())
 		return object_host.objp;
 	else
 		return NULL;
@@ -377,7 +337,7 @@ int camera::get_object_host_submodel()

 object *camera::get_object_target()
 {
-	if(object_target.isValid())
+	if(object_target.IsValid())
 		return object_target.objp;
 	else
 		return NULL;
@@ -413,7 +373,7 @@ void camera::get_info(vec3d *position, matrix *orientation, bool apply_camera_or
 	bool use_host_orient = false;

 	//POSITION
-	if(!(flags & CAM_STATIONARY_POS) || object_host.isValid())
+	if(!(flags & CAM_STATIONARY_POS) || object_host.IsValid())
 	{
 		c_pos = vmd_zero_vector;

@@ -422,7 +382,7 @@ void camera::get_info(vec3d *position, matrix *orientation, bool apply_camera_or
 		pos_y.get(&pt.xyz.y, NULL);
 		pos_z.get(&pt.xyz.z, NULL);

-		if(object_host.isValid())
+		if(object_host.IsValid())
 		{
 			object *objp = object_host.objp;
 			int model_num = object_get_model(objp);
@@ -484,9 +444,9 @@ void camera::get_info(vec3d *position, matrix *orientation, bool apply_camera_or
 	if(orientation != NULL)
 	{
 		bool target_set = false;
-		if(!(flags & CAM_STATIONARY_ORI) || object_target.isValid() || object_host.isValid())
+		if(!(flags & CAM_STATIONARY_ORI) || object_target.IsValid() || object_host.IsValid())
 		{
-			if(object_target.isValid())
+			if(object_target.IsValid())
 			{
 				object *target_objp = object_target.objp;
 				int model_num = object_get_model(target_objp);
@@ -521,7 +481,7 @@ void camera::get_info(vec3d *position, matrix *orientation, bool apply_camera_or
 				vm_vector_2_matrix(&c_ori, &targetvec, NULL, NULL);
 				target_set = true;
 			}
-			else if(object_host.isValid())
+			else if(object_host.IsValid())
 			{
 				if(eyep)
 				{
@@ -794,7 +754,7 @@ subtitle::subtitle(int in_x_pos, int in_y_pos, const char* in_text, const char*
 		//Get text size
 		for(int i = 0; i < num_text_lines; i++)
 		{
-			gr_get_string_size(&w, &h, text_line_ptrs[i], static_cast<size_t>(text_line_lens[i]));
+			gr_get_string_size(&w, &h, text_line_ptrs[i], text_line_lens[i]);

 			if(w > tw)
 				tw = w;
@@ -1051,7 +1011,7 @@ int camid::getSignature()
 	return sig;
 }

-bool camid::isValid() const
+bool camid::isValid()
 {
 	if(idx >= Cameras.size())
 		return false;
@@ -1243,7 +1203,7 @@ vec3d normal_cache;
 void get_turret_cam_pos(camera *cam, vec3d *pos)
 {
 	object_h obj(cam->get_object_host());
-	if(!obj.isValid())
+	if(!obj.IsValid())
 		return;
 	ship* shipp = &Ships[cam->get_object_host()->instance];
 	ship_subsys* ssp = GET_FIRST(&shipp->subsys_list);
@@ -1264,7 +1224,7 @@ void get_turret_cam_pos(camera *cam, vec3d *pos)
 void get_turret_cam_orient(camera *cam, matrix *ori)
 {
 	object_h obj(cam->get_object_host());
-	if(!obj.isValid())
+	if(!obj.IsValid())
 		return;
 	vm_vector_2_matrix(ori, &normal_cache, vm_vec_same(&normal_cache, &cam->get_object_host()->orient.vec.uvec)?NULL:&cam->get_object_host()->orient.vec.uvec, NULL);
 }
@@ -20,8 +20,6 @@
 #define	EXTERN_CAM_BBOX_CONSTANT_PADDING			5.0f
 #define	EXTERN_CAM_BBOX_MULTIPLIER_PADDING			1.5f

-#define DEFAULT_FOV 0.75f;
-
 struct asymmetric_fov {
 	float left, right, up, down;
 	friend asymmetric_fov operator* (const asymmetric_fov&, const float&);
@@ -1900,7 +1900,7 @@ bool SetCmdlineParams()
 		if (val > 0.1) {
 			VIEWER_ZOOM_DEFAULT = val;
 		} else {
-			VIEWER_ZOOM_DEFAULT = DEFAULT_FOV;
+			VIEWER_ZOOM_DEFAULT = 0.75f;
 		}
 	}

@@ -923,8 +923,8 @@ bool control_config_do_reset(bool cycle, bool API_Access)

 	// first, determine how many bindings need to be changed
 	for (size_t e = 0; e < Control_config.size(); ++e) {
-		const auto& item = Control_config[e];
-		const auto& default_item = default_bindings[e];
+		auto item = Control_config[e];
+		auto default_item = default_bindings[e];

 		if (item.disabled) {
 			// skip
@@ -48,13 +48,12 @@ int Joy_dead_zone_size = 10;
 auto DeadZoneOption = options::OptionBuilder<int>("Input.JoystickDeadZone",
                     std::pair<const char*, int>{"Deadzone", 1377},
                     std::pair<const char*, int>{"The deadzone used for all joysticks", 1744})
-                     .category(std::make_pair("Input", 1827))
+                     .category("Input")
                     .range(0, 45)
                     .level(options::ExpertLevel::Beginner)
                     .default_val(10)
                     .bind_to(&Joy_dead_zone_size)
                     .importance(1)
-                     .flags({options::OptionFlags::RetailBuiltinOption})
                     .finish();

 int Joy_sensitivity = 9;
@@ -62,13 +61,12 @@ int Joy_sensitivity = 9;
 auto SensitivityOption = options::OptionBuilder<int>("Input.JoystickSensitivity",
                     std::pair<const char*, int>{"Sensitivity", 1745},
                     std::pair<const char*, int>{"The sensitivity used for all joysticks", 1746})
-                     .category(std::make_pair("Input", 1827))
+                     .category("Input")
                     .range(0, 9)
                     .level(options::ExpertLevel::Beginner)
                     .default_val(9)
                     .bind_to(&Joy_sensitivity)
                     .importance(2)
-                     .flags({options::OptionFlags::RetailBuiltinOption})
                     .finish();

 //! arrays which hold the key mappings.  The array index represents a key-independent action.
@@ -220,8 +220,8 @@ struct Decal {
 		vm_vec_make(&scale, 1.f, 1.f, 1.f);
 	}

-	bool isValid() const {
-		if (!object.isValid()) {
+	bool isValid() {
+		if (!object.IsValid()) {
 			return false;
 		}
 		if (object.objp->flags[Object::Object_Flags::Should_be_dead]) {
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ bool Fireball_use_3d_warp = false;
 static auto WarpOption __UNUSED = options::OptionBuilder<bool>("Graphics.3dWarp",
                     std::pair<const char*, int>{"3D Warp", 1770},
                     std::pair<const char*, int>{"Use a 3D model for warp effects", 1771})
-                     .category(std::make_pair("Graphics", 1825))
+                     .category("Graphics")
                     .default_val(true)
                     .level(options::ExpertLevel::Advanced)
                     .bind_to(&Fireball_use_3d_warp)
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ bool Fireball_warp_flash = false;
 static auto WarpFlashOption __UNUSED = options::OptionBuilder<bool>("Graphics.WarpFlash",
                     std::pair<const char*, int>{"Warp Flash", 1768},
                     std::pair<const char*, int>{"Show flash upon warp open or close", 1769})
-                     .category(std::make_pair("Graphics", 1825))
+                     .category("Graphics")
                     .default_val(true)
                     .level(options::ExpertLevel::Advanced)
                     .bind_to_once(&Fireball_warp_flash)
@@ -499,7 +499,7 @@ void help_overlay_blit(int overlay_id, int resolution_index)
 	font::set_font(help_overlaylist[overlay_id].fontlist.at(resolution_index));
 	for (idx = 0; idx < textcount; idx++) {
 		gr_set_color_fast(&Color_black);
-		gr_get_string_size(&width, &height, help_overlaylist[overlay_id].textlist.at(0).at(idx).string, strlen(help_overlaylist[overlay_id].textlist.at(0).at(idx).string));
+		gr_get_string_size(&width, &height, help_overlaylist[overlay_id].textlist.at(0).at(idx).string, (int)strlen(help_overlaylist[overlay_id].textlist.at(0).at(idx).string));
 		gr_rect(help_overlaylist[overlay_id].textlist.at(resolution_index).at(idx).x_coord-2*HELP_PADDING, help_overlaylist[overlay_id].textlist.at(resolution_index).at(idx).y_coord-3*HELP_PADDING, width+4*HELP_PADDING, height+4*HELP_PADDING, GR_RESIZE_MENU);
 		gr_set_color_fast(&Color_bright_white);
 		gr_printf_menu(help_overlaylist[overlay_id].textlist.at(resolution_index).at(idx).x_coord, help_overlaylist[overlay_id].textlist.at(resolution_index).at(idx).y_coord,
@@ -114,8 +114,7 @@ const char *GS_event_text[] =
 	"GS_EVENT_PXO_HELP",
 	"GS_EVENT_FICTION_VIEWER",						// 65
 	"GS_EVENT_SCRIPTING",
-	"GS_EVENT_SCRIPTING_MISSION",
-	"GS_EVENT_INGAME_OPTIONS"
+	"GS_EVENT_SCRIPTING_MISSION"
 };
 //XSTR:ON

@@ -179,8 +178,7 @@ const char *GS_state_text[] =
 	"GS_STATE_START_GAME",
 	"GS_STATE_FICTION_VIEWER",
 	"GS_STATE_SCRIPTING",
-	"GS_STATE_SCRIPTING_MISSION",
-	"GS_STATE_INGAME_OPTIONS"
+	"GS_STATE_SCRIPTING_MISSION"
 };
 //XSTR:ON

@@ -90,7 +90,6 @@ enum GS_EVENT {
 	GS_EVENT_FICTION_VIEWER,
 	GS_EVENT_SCRIPTING,
 	GS_EVENT_SCRIPTING_MISSION,
-	GS_EVENT_INGAME_OPTIONS,

 	GS_NUM_EVENTS    // Last one++
 };
@@ -162,7 +161,6 @@ enum GS_STATE {
 	GS_STATE_FICTION_VIEWER,
 	GS_STATE_SCRIPTING,
 	GS_STATE_SCRIPTING_MISSION,
-	GS_STATE_INGAME_OPTIONS,

 	GS_NUM_STATES    // Last one++
 };
@@ -48,12 +48,11 @@ static bool music_volume_change_listener(float new_val, bool /*initial*/)
 static auto MusicVolumeOption __UNUSED = options::OptionBuilder<float>("Audio.Music",
                     std::pair<const char*, int>{"Music", 1371},
                     std::pair<const char*, int>{"Volume used for playing music", 1760})
-                     .category(std::make_pair("Audio", 1826))
+                     .category("Audio")
                     .default_val(Default_music_volume)
                     .range(0.0f, 1.0f)
                     .change_listener(music_volume_change_listener)
                     .importance(1)
-                     .flags({options::OptionFlags::RetailBuiltinOption})
                     .finish();

 typedef struct tagSNDPATTERN {
@@ -319,7 +319,7 @@ enum class InterfaceSounds {
 		MIN_INTERFACE_SOUNDS        =70 //!< MIN_INTERFACE_SOUNDS
 };

-// These two id types are defined as subclasses so that type safe implicit conversions are possible from the predefined
+// These two id types are defined as sublcasses so that type safe implicit conversions are possible from the predefined
 // sound enum values

 struct gamesnd_id_tag{};
@@ -72,7 +72,6 @@
 #define MAX_POLYGON_MODELS  300

 // object.h
-//If this value exceeds 2^16-1, this will break collision pair caching as is. Proceed with caution.
 #define MAX_OBJECTS			5000	//Increased from 3500 to 5000 in 2022	

 // from weapon.h (and beam.h)
@@ -442,7 +442,7 @@ public:
 	class camera *getCamera();
 	size_t getIndex();
 	int getSignature();
-	bool isValid() const;
+	bool isValid();
 };

 #include "globalincs/vmallocator.h"
@@ -248,48 +248,45 @@ const auto ModelDetailOption __UNUSED = options::OptionBuilder<int>("Graphics.De
                     std::pair<const char*, int>{"Model Detail", 1739},
                     std::pair<const char*, int>{"Detail level of models", 1740})
                     .importance(8)
-                     .category(std::make_pair("Graphics", 1825))
+                     .category("Graphics")
                     .values(DetailLevelValues)
                     .default_val(MAX_DETAIL_LEVEL)
                     .change_listener([](int val, bool) {
                          Detail.detail_distance = val;
                          return true;
                     })
-                     .flags({options::OptionFlags::RetailBuiltinOption})
                     .finish();

 const auto TexturesOption __UNUSED = options::OptionBuilder<int>("Graphics.Texture",
                     std::pair<const char*, int>{"3D Hardware Textures", 1362},
                     std::pair<const char*, int>{"Level of detail of textures", 1720})
                     .importance(6)
-                     .category(std::make_pair("Graphics", 1825))
+                     .category("Graphics")
                     .values(DetailLevelValues)
                     .default_val(MAX_DETAIL_LEVEL)
                     .change_listener([](int val, bool) {
                          Detail.hardware_textures = val;
                          return true;
                     })
-                     .flags({options::OptionFlags::RetailBuiltinOption})
                     .finish();

 const auto ParticlesOption __UNUSED = options::OptionBuilder<int>("Graphics.Particles",
                     std::pair<const char*, int>{"Particles", 1363},
                     std::pair<const char*, int>{"Level of detail for particles", 1717})
                     .importance(5)
-                     .category(std::make_pair("Graphics", 1825))
+                     .category("Graphics")
                     .values(DetailLevelValues)
                     .default_val(MAX_DETAIL_LEVEL)
                     .change_listener([](int val, bool) {
                          Detail.num_particles = val;
                          return true;
                     })
-                     .flags({options::OptionFlags::RetailBuiltinOption})
                     .finish();

 const auto SmallDebrisOption __UNUSED = options::OptionBuilder<int>("Graphics.SmallDebris", 
                     std::pair<const char*, int>{"Impact Effects", 1364}, 
                     std::pair<const char*, int>{"Level of detail of impact effects", 1743})
-                     .category(std::make_pair("Graphics", 1825))
+                     .category("Graphics")
                     .values(DetailLevelValues)
                     .default_val(MAX_DETAIL_LEVEL)
                     .importance(4)
@@ -297,35 +294,32 @@ const auto SmallDebrisOption __UNUSED = options::OptionBuilder<int>("Graphics.Sm
                          Detail.num_small_debris = val;
                          return true;
                     })
-                     .flags({options::OptionFlags::RetailBuiltinOption})
                     .finish();

 const auto ShieldEffectsOption __UNUSED = options::OptionBuilder<int>("Graphics.ShieldEffects",
                     std::pair<const char*, int>{"Shield Hit Effects", 1718},
                     std::pair<const char*, int>{"Level of detail of shield impacts", 1719})
                     .importance(3)
-                     .category(std::make_pair("Graphics", 1825))
+                     .category("Graphics")
                     .values(DetailLevelValues)
                     .default_val(MAX_DETAIL_LEVEL)
                     .change_listener([](int val, bool) {
                          Detail.shield_effects = val;
                          return true;
                     })
-                     .flags({options::OptionFlags::RetailBuiltinOption})
                     .finish();

 const auto StarsOption __UNUSED = options::OptionBuilder<int>("Graphics.Stars", 
                     std::pair<const char*, int>{"Stars", 1366}, 
                     std::pair<const char*, int>{"Number of stars in the mission", 1698})
                     .importance(2)
-                     .category(std::make_pair("Graphics", 1825))
+                     .category("Graphics")
                     .values(DetailLevelValues)
                     .default_val(MAX_DETAIL_LEVEL)
                     .change_listener([](int val, bool) {
                          Detail.num_stars = val;
                          return true;
                     })
-                     .flags({options::OptionFlags::RetailBuiltinOption})
                     .finish();

 // Call this with:
@@ -21,17 +21,17 @@ template <typename T>
 using SCP_vector = std::vector<T, std::allocator<T>>;

 template <typename T>
-bool SCP_vector_contains(const SCP_vector<T>& vector, const T& item) {
+bool SCP_vector_contains(SCP_vector<T>& vector, T item) {
 	return std::find(vector.begin(), vector.end(), item) != vector.end();
 }

 template <typename T>
-inline bool SCP_vector_inbounds(const SCP_vector<T>& vector, int idx) {
+inline bool SCP_vector_inbounds(SCP_vector<T>& vector, int idx) {
 	return ((idx >= 0) && (idx < static_cast<int>(vector.size())));
 }

 template <typename T>
-inline bool SCP_vector_inbounds(const SCP_vector<T>& vector, size_t idx) {
+inline bool SCP_vector_inbounds(SCP_vector<T>& vector, size_t idx) {
 	return idx < vector.size();
 }

@@ -116,12 +116,11 @@ static bool gamma_change_listener(float new_val, bool initial)
 static auto GammaOption __UNUSED = options::OptionBuilder<float>("Graphics.Gamma",
                     std::pair<const char*, int>{"Brightness", 1375},
                     std::pair<const char*, int>{"The brightness value used for the game window", 1738})
-                     .category(std::make_pair("Graphics", 1825))
+                     .category("Graphics")
                     .default_val(1.0f)
                     .enumerator(gamma_value_enumerator)
                     .display(gamma_display)
                     .change_listener(gamma_change_listener)
-                     .flags({options::OptionFlags::RetailBuiltinOption})
                     .finish();


@@ -135,7 +134,7 @@ const auto LightingOption __UNUSED = options::OptionBuilder<int>("Graphics.Light
                     std::pair<const char*, int>{"Lighting", 1367},
                     std::pair<const char*, int>{"Level of detail of the lighting", 1715})
                     .importance(1)
-                     .category(std::make_pair("Graphics", 1825))
+                     .category("Graphics")
                     .values(DetailLevelValues)
                     .default_val(MAX_DETAIL_LEVEL)
                     .change_listener([](int val, bool initial) {
@@ -145,7 +144,6 @@ const auto LightingOption __UNUSED = options::OptionBuilder<int>("Graphics.Light
                          }
                          return true;
                     })
-                     .flags({options::OptionFlags::RetailBuiltinOption})
                     .finish();

 os::ViewportState Gr_configured_window_state = os::ViewportState::Windowed;
@@ -171,7 +169,7 @@ static bool mode_change_func(os::ViewportState state, bool initial)
 static auto WindowModeOption __UNUSED = options::OptionBuilder<os::ViewportState>("Graphics.WindowMode",
                     std::pair<const char*, int>{"Window Mode", 1772},
                     std::pair<const char*, int>{"Controls how the game window is created", 1773})
-                     .category(std::make_pair("Graphics", 1825))
+                     .category("Graphics")
                     .level(options::ExpertLevel::Beginner)
                     .values({{os::ViewportState::Fullscreen, {"Fullscreen", 1679}},
                              {os::ViewportState::Borderless, {"Borderless", 1675}},
@@ -262,7 +260,7 @@ static bool videodisplay_change(int display, bool initial)
 static auto VideoDisplayOption = options::OptionBuilder<int>("Graphics.Display",
                     std::pair<const char*, int>{"Primary display", 1741},
                     std::pair<const char*, int>{"The display used for rendering", 1742})
-                     .category(std::make_pair("Graphics", 1825))
+                     .category("Graphics")
                     .level(options::ExpertLevel::Beginner)
                     .deserializer(videodisplay_deserializer)
                     .serializer(videodisplay_serializer)
@@ -372,7 +370,7 @@ static bool resolution_change(const ResolutionInfo& /*info*/, bool initial)
 static auto ResolutionOption = options::OptionBuilder<ResolutionInfo>("Graphics.Resolution",
                     std::pair<const char*, int>{"Resolution", 1748},
                     std::pair<const char*, int>{"The rendering resolution", 1749})
-                     .category(std::make_pair("Graphics", 1825))
+                     .category("Graphics")
                     .level(options::ExpertLevel::Beginner)
                     .deserializer(resolution_deserializer)
                     .serializer(resolution_serializer)
@@ -388,7 +386,7 @@ bool Gr_enable_soft_particles = false;
 static auto SoftParticlesOption __UNUSED = options::OptionBuilder<bool>("Graphics.SoftParticles",
                     std::pair<const char*, int>{"Soft Particles", 1761},
                     std::pair<const char*, int>{"Enable or disable soft particle rendering", 1762})
-                     .category(std::make_pair("Graphics", 1825))
+                     .category("Graphics")
                     .level(options::ExpertLevel::Advanced)
                     .default_val(true)
                     .bind_to_once(&Gr_enable_soft_particles)
@@ -400,13 +398,13 @@ flagset<FramebufferEffects> Gr_framebuffer_effects;
 static auto FramebufferEffectsOption __UNUSED = options::OptionBuilder<flagset<FramebufferEffects>>("Graphics.FramebufferEffects",
                     std::pair<const char*, int>{"Framebuffer effects", 1732},
                     std::pair<const char*, int>{"Controls which framebuffer effects will be applied to the scene", 1733})
-                     .category(std::make_pair("Graphics", 1825))
+                     .category("Graphics")
                     .level(options::ExpertLevel::Advanced)
                     .values({{{}, {"None", 211}},
                              {{FramebufferEffects::Shockwaves}, {"Shockwaves", 1688}},
                              {{FramebufferEffects::Thrusters}, {"Thrusters", 1689}},
                              {{FramebufferEffects::Shockwaves, FramebufferEffects::Thrusters}, {"All", 1690}}})
-                     .default_val({})
+                     .default_val({FramebufferEffects::Shockwaves, FramebufferEffects::Thrusters})
                     .bind_to_once(&Gr_framebuffer_effects)
                     .importance(77)
                     .finish();
@@ -417,7 +415,7 @@ AntiAliasMode Gr_aa_mode_last_frame = AntiAliasMode::None;
 static auto AAOption __UNUSED = options::OptionBuilder<AntiAliasMode>("Graphics.AAMode",
                     std::pair<const char*, int>{"Anti Aliasing", 1752},
                     std::pair<const char*, int>{"Controls the anti aliasing mode of the engine.", 1753})
-                     .category(std::make_pair("Graphics", 1825))
+                     .category("Graphics")
                     .level(options::ExpertLevel::Advanced)
                     .values({{AntiAliasMode::None, {"None", 211}},
                              {AntiAliasMode::FXAA_Low, {"FXAA Low", 1681}},
@@ -436,7 +434,7 @@ extern int Cmdline_msaa_enabled;
 static auto MSAAOption __UNUSED = options::OptionBuilder<int>("Graphics.MSAASamples",
                     std::pair<const char*, int>{"Multisample Anti Aliasing", 1758},
                     std::pair<const char*, int>{"Controls whether multisample anti asliasing is enabled, and with how many samples", 1759})
-                     .category(std::make_pair("Graphics", 1825))
+                     .category("Graphics")
                     .level(options::ExpertLevel::Advanced)
                     .values({{0, {"Off", 1693}},
                              {4, {"4 Samples", 1694}},
@@ -460,9 +458,9 @@ bool Gr_post_processing_enabled = true;
 static auto PostProcessOption __UNUSED = options::OptionBuilder<bool>("Graphics.PostProcessing",
                     std::pair<const char*, int>{"Post processing", 1726},
                     std::pair<const char*, int>{"Controls whether post processing is enabled in the engine.", 1727})
-                     .category(std::make_pair("Graphics", 1825))
+                     .category("Graphics")
                     .level(options::ExpertLevel::Advanced)
-                     .default_val(true)
+                     .default_val(false)
                     .bind_to_once(&Gr_post_processing_enabled)
                     .importance(69)
                     .finish();
@@ -472,7 +470,7 @@ bool Gr_enable_vsync = true;
 static auto VSyncOption __UNUSED = options::OptionBuilder<bool>("Graphics.VSync",
                     std::pair<const char*, int>{"Vertical Sync", 1766},
                     std::pair<const char*, int>{"Controls how the engine does vertical synchronization", 1767})
-                     .category(std::make_pair("Graphics", 1825))
+                     .category("Graphics")
                     .level(options::ExpertLevel::Advanced)
                     .default_val(true)
                     .bind_to_once(&Gr_enable_vsync)
@@ -1002,7 +1002,7 @@ extern void gr_printf_menu_zoomed( int x, int y, const char * format, SCP_FORMAT
 extern void gr_printf_no_resize( int x, int y, const char * format, SCP_FORMAT_STRING ... )  SCP_FORMAT_STRING_ARGS(3, 4);

 // Returns the size of the string in pixels in w and h
-extern void gr_get_string_size( int *w, int *h, const char * text, size_t len = std::string::npos );
+extern void gr_get_string_size( int *w, int *h, const char * text, int len = 9999 );

 // Returns the height of the current font
 extern int gr_get_font_height();
@@ -339,8 +339,8 @@ void gr_set_ambient_light(int red, int green, int blue) {
 	gr_light_ambient[3] = 1.0f;
 }
 void gr_get_ambient_light(vec3d* light_vector) {
-	const auto& abv = ltp::current()->ambient_light_brightness;
-	const auto& over = ltp::current()->overall_brightness;
+	auto abv = ltp::current()->ambient_light_brightness;
+	auto over = ltp::current()->overall_brightness;
 	light_vector->xyz.x = over.handle(abv.handle(gr_light_ambient[0]));
 	light_vector->xyz.y = over.handle(abv.handle(gr_light_ambient[1]));
 	light_vector->xyz.z = over.handle(abv.handle(gr_light_ambient[2]));
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ void gr_start_instance_matrix(const vec3d *offset, const matrix *rotation)

 	gr_model_matrix_stack.push(offset, rotation);

-	const auto& model_matrix = gr_model_matrix_stack.get_transform();
+	auto model_matrix = gr_model_matrix_stack.get_transform();
 	vm_matrix4_x_matrix4(&gr_model_view_matrix, &gr_view_matrix, &model_matrix);

 	modelview_matrix_depth++;
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ void gr_end_instance_matrix()

 	gr_model_matrix_stack.pop();

-	const auto& model_matrix = gr_model_matrix_stack.get_transform();
+	auto model_matrix = gr_model_matrix_stack.get_transform();
 	vm_matrix4_x_matrix4(&gr_model_view_matrix, &gr_view_matrix, &model_matrix);

 	modelview_matrix_depth--;
@@ -280,7 +280,7 @@ void gr_end_2d_matrix()

 	gr_view_matrix = gr_last_view_matrix;

-	const auto& model_matrix = gr_model_matrix_stack.get_transform();
+	auto model_matrix = gr_model_matrix_stack.get_transform();
 	vm_matrix4_x_matrix4(&gr_model_view_matrix, &gr_view_matrix, &model_matrix);

 	htl_2d_matrix_set = false;
@@ -302,7 +302,7 @@ void gr_push_scale_matrix(const vec3d *scale_factor)

 	gr_model_matrix_stack.push(NULL, NULL, scale_factor);

-	const auto& model_matrix = gr_model_matrix_stack.get_transform();
+	auto model_matrix = gr_model_matrix_stack.get_transform();
 	vm_matrix4_x_matrix4(&gr_model_view_matrix, &gr_view_matrix, &model_matrix);

 	matrix_uniform_up_to_date = false;
@@ -315,7 +315,7 @@ void gr_pop_scale_matrix()

 	gr_model_matrix_stack.pop();

-	const auto& model_matrix = gr_model_matrix_stack.get_transform();
+	auto model_matrix = gr_model_matrix_stack.get_transform();
 	vm_matrix4_x_matrix4(&gr_model_view_matrix, &gr_view_matrix, &model_matrix);

 	modelview_matrix_depth--;
@@ -346,7 +346,7 @@ void gr_opengl_deferred_lighting_finish()
 			auto light_data = prepare_light_uniforms(l, light_uniform_aligner);

 			if (l.type == Light_Type::Cone) {
-				light_data->dualCone = (l.flags & LF_DUAL_CONE) ? 1.0f : 0.0f;
+				light_data->dualCone = l.dual_cone ? 1.0f : 0.0f;
 				light_data->coneAngle = l.cone_angle;
 				light_data->coneInnerAngle = l.cone_inner_angle;
 				light_data->coneDir = l.vec2;
@@ -124,10 +124,10 @@ bool gr_opengl_openxr_create_session() {
 	};

 	XrSessionCreateInfo sessionCreateInfo {
-		XR_TYPE_SESSION_CREATE_INFO,
-		&graphicsBinding,
-		0,
-		xr_system
+		sessionCreateInfo.type = XR_TYPE_SESSION_CREATE_INFO,
+		sessionCreateInfo.next = &graphicsBinding,
+		sessionCreateInfo.createFlags = 0,
+		sessionCreateInfo.systemId = xr_system
 	};

 	XrResult sessionInit = xrCreateSession(xr_instance, &sessionCreateInfo, &xr_session);
@@ -249,9 +249,9 @@ bool gr_opengl_openxr_flip() {
 		xrAcquireSwapchainImage(swapchain, &acquireImageInfo, &activeIndex);

 		XrSwapchainImageWaitInfo waitImageInfo{
-			XR_TYPE_SWAPCHAIN_IMAGE_WAIT_INFO,
+			waitImageInfo.type = XR_TYPE_SWAPCHAIN_IMAGE_WAIT_INFO,
 			nullptr,
-			std::numeric_limits<int64_t>::max()
+			waitImageInfo.timeout = std::numeric_limits<int64_t>::max()
 		};
 		xrWaitSwapchainImage(swapchain, &waitImageInfo);

@@ -431,6 +431,7 @@ extern GLuint Cockpit_depth_texture;
 extern GLuint Scene_position_texture;
 extern GLuint Scene_normal_texture;
 extern GLuint Scene_specular_texture;
+extern bool stars_sun_has_glare(int index);
 extern float Sun_spot;
 void opengl_post_lightshafts()
 {
@@ -451,7 +452,7 @@ void opengl_post_lightshafts()
 			light_get_global_dir(&light_dir, idx);
 			vm_vec_rotate(&local_light_dir, &light_dir, &Eye_matrix);

-			if ( !light_has_glare(idx) ) {
+			if ( !stars_sun_has_glare(idx) ) {
 				continue;
 			}

@@ -850,8 +851,8 @@ void opengl_post_shader_header(SCP_stringstream& sflags, shader_type shader_t, i
 		}
 	} else if (shader_t == SDR_TYPE_POST_PROCESS_LIGHTSHAFTS) {
 		char temp[64];
-		const auto& ls_params = graphics::Post_processing_manager->getLightshaftParams();
-		snprintf(temp, 64, "#define SAMPLE_NUM %d\n", ls_params.samplenum);
+		const auto ls_params = graphics::Post_processing_manager->getLightshaftParams();
+		sprintf(temp, "#define SAMPLE_NUM %d\n", ls_params.samplenum);
 		sflags << temp;
 	} else if (shader_t == SDR_TYPE_POST_PROCESS_FXAA) {
 		set_fxaa_defines(sflags);
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ static auto TextureFilteringOption __UNUSED = options::OptionBuilder<int>("Graph
                     std::pair<const char*, int>{"Texture Filtering", 1763},
                     std::pair<const char*, int>{"Texture filtering option", 1764})
                     .importance(1)
-                     .category(std::make_pair("Graphics", 1825))
+                     .category("Graphics")
                     .values(TextureFilteringValues)
                     .default_val(0)
                     .bind_to_once(&GL_mipmap_filter)
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ static auto AnisotropyOption = options::OptionBuilder<float>("Graphics.Anisotrop
                     std::pair<const char*, int>{"Anistropic filtering", 1736},
                     std::pair<const char*, int>{"Controls the amount of anistropic filtering of the textures", 1737})
                     .enumerator(anisotropic_value_enumerator)
-                     .category(std::make_pair("Graphics", 1825))
+                     .category("Graphics")
                     .display(anisotropic_display)
                     .default_func(anisotropic_default)
                     .level(options::ExpertLevel::Advanced)
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ bool Post_processing_enable_lightshafts = true;
 static auto LightshaftsOption __UNUSED = options::OptionBuilder<bool>("Graphics.Lightshafts",
                     std::pair<const char*, int>{"Lightshafts", 1724},
                     std::pair<const char*, int>{"Enables or disables lightshafts (requires post-processing)", 1725})
-                     .category(std::make_pair("Graphics", 1825))
+                     .category("Graphics")
                     .default_val(true)
                     .level(options::ExpertLevel::Advanced)
                     .bind_to(&Post_processing_enable_lightshafts)
@@ -55,13 +55,12 @@ int Post_processing_bloom_intensity = 25; // using default value of Cmdline_bloo
 static auto BloomIntensityOption __UNUSED = options::OptionBuilder<int>("Graphics.BloomIntensity",
                     std::pair<const char*, int>{"Bloom intensity", 1701},
                     std::pair<const char*, int>{"Sets the bloom intensity (requires post-processing)", 1702})
-                     .category(std::make_pair("Graphics", 1825))
+                     .category("Graphics")
                     .range(0, 200)
                     .level(options::ExpertLevel::Advanced)
                     .default_val(25)
                     .bind_to(&Post_processing_bloom_intensity)
                     .importance(55)
-                     .flags({options::OptionFlags::RangeTypeInteger})
                     .finish();
 } // namespace

@@ -779,7 +779,7 @@ void endDrawing(graphics::paths::PathRenderer* path) {
 }
 }

-void gr_string(float sx, float sy, const char* s, int resize_mode, size_t in_length) {
+void gr_string(float sx, float sy, const char* s, int resize_mode, int in_length) {
 	if (gr_screen.mode == GR_STUB) {
 		return;
 	}
@@ -797,10 +797,10 @@ void gr_string(float sx, float sy, const char* s, int resize_mode, size_t in_len
 	}

 	size_t length;
-	if (in_length == std::string::npos) {
+	if (in_length < 0) {
 		length = strlen(s);
 	} else {
-		length = in_length;
+		length = (size_t) in_length;
 	}

 	FSFont* currentFont = FontManager::getCurrentFont();
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ void gr_bitmap_ex(int x, int y, int w, int h, int sx, int sy, int resize_mode =
 * @param resize_mode The mode for translating the screen positions
 * @param length The number of bytes in the string to render. -1 will render the whole string.
 */
-void gr_string(float x, float y, const char* string, int resize_mode = GR_RESIZE_FULL, size_t length = std::string::npos);
+void gr_string(float x, float y, const char* string, int resize_mode = GR_RESIZE_FULL, int length = -1);
 /**
 * @brief Renders the specified string to the screen using the current font and color
 * @param x The x-coordinate
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ void gr_string(float x, float y, const char* string, int resize_mode = GR_RESIZE
 * @param resize_mode The mode for translating the screen positions
 * @param length The number of bytes in the string to render. -1 will render the whole string.
 */
-inline void gr_string(int x, int y, const char* string, int resize_mode = GR_RESIZE_FULL, size_t length = std::string::npos)
+inline void gr_string(int x, int y, const char* string, int resize_mode = GR_RESIZE_FULL, int length = -1)
 {
 	gr_string(i2fl(x), i2fl(y), string, resize_mode, length);
 }
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ auto ShadowQualityOption = options::OptionBuilder<ShadowQuality>("Graphics.Shado
                              {ShadowQuality::Ultra, {"Ultra", 1721}}})
                     .change_listener([](ShadowQuality val, bool initial) {if (initial) {Shadow_quality = val;}return initial;})
                     .level(options::ExpertLevel::Advanced)
-                     .category(std::make_pair("Graphics", 1825))
+                     .category("Graphics")
                     .default_val(ShadowQuality::Disabled)
                     .importance(80)
                     .finish();
@@ -669,7 +669,7 @@ int gr_get_dynamic_font_lines(int number_default_lines) {
 	return fl2i((number_default_lines * 10) / (gr_get_font_height() + 1));
 }

-void gr_get_string_size(int *w1, int *h1, const char *text, size_t len)
+void gr_get_string_size(int *w1, int *h1, const char *text, int len)
 {
 	if (!FontManager::isReady())
 	{
@@ -685,7 +685,7 @@ void gr_get_string_size(int *w1, int *h1, const char *text, size_t len)
 	float w = 0.0f;
 	float h = 0.0f;

-	FontManager::getCurrentFont()->getStringSize(text, len, -1, &w, &h);
+	FontManager::getCurrentFont()->getStringSize(text, static_cast<size_t>(len), -1, &w, &h);

 	if (w1)
 	{
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ int HUD_color_blue = 0;
 int HUD_color_alpha = HUD_COLOR_ALPHA_DEFAULT;		// 1 -> HUD_COLOR_ALPHA_USER_MAX

 int HUD_draw     = 1;
-bool HUD_high_contrast = false;										// high or low contrast (for nebula, etc)
+int HUD_contrast = 0;										// high or lo contrast (for nebula, etc)
 bool HUD_shadows = false;

 // Goober5000
@@ -363,7 +363,7 @@ void HudGauge::initPosition(int x, int y)
 	position[1] = y;
 }

-void HudGauge::getPosition(int *x, int *y) const
+void HudGauge::getPosition(int *x, int *y)
 {
 	*x = position[0];
 	*y = position[1];
@@ -390,7 +390,7 @@ void HudGauge::initFont(int input_font_num)
 	}
 }

-int HudGauge::getFont() const
+int HudGauge::getFont()
 {
 	return font_num;
 }
@@ -404,7 +404,7 @@ void HudGauge::initOriginAndOffset(float originX, float originY, int offsetX, in
 	tabled_offset[1] = offsetY;
 }

-void HudGauge::getOriginAndOffset(float *originX, float *originY, int *offsetX, int *offsetY) const
+void HudGauge::getOriginAndOffset(float *originX, float *originY, int *offsetX, int *offsetY)
 {
 	*originX = tabled_origin[0];
 	*originY = tabled_origin[1];
@@ -420,24 +420,19 @@ void HudGauge::initCoords(bool use_coords, int coordsX, int coordsY)
 	tabled_coords[1] = coordsY;
 }

-void HudGauge::getCoords(bool *use_coords, int *coordsX, int *coordsY) const
+void HudGauge::getCoords(bool *use_coords, int *coordsX, int *coordsY)
 {
 	*use_coords = tabled_use_coords;
 	*coordsX = tabled_coords[0];
 	*coordsY = tabled_coords[1];
 }

-void HudGauge::initHiRes(const char* fname)
-{
-	hi_res = (strncmp(fname, "2_", 2) == 0);
-}
-
-const char* HudGauge::getCustomGaugeName() const
+const char* HudGauge::getCustomGaugeName()
 {
 	return custom_name;
 }

-const char* HudGauge::getCustomGaugeText() const
+const char* HudGauge::getCustomGaugeText()
 {
 	return custom_text.c_str();
 }
@@ -488,17 +483,17 @@ void HudGauge::setGaugeColor(int bright_index)
 	if(bright_index != HUD_C_NONE){
 		switch(bright_index){
 		case HUD_C_DIM:
-			alpha = HUD_high_contrast ? HUD_NEW_ALPHA_DIM_HI : HUD_NEW_ALPHA_DIM;
+			alpha = HUD_contrast ? HUD_NEW_ALPHA_DIM_HI : HUD_NEW_ALPHA_DIM;
 			gr_init_alphacolor(&gauge_color, gauge_color.red, gauge_color.green, gauge_color.blue, alpha);
 			break;

 		case HUD_C_NORMAL:
-			alpha = HUD_high_contrast ? HUD_NEW_ALPHA_NORMAL_HI : HUD_NEW_ALPHA_NORMAL;
+			alpha = HUD_contrast ? HUD_NEW_ALPHA_NORMAL_HI : HUD_NEW_ALPHA_NORMAL;
 			gr_init_alphacolor(&gauge_color, gauge_color.red, gauge_color.green, gauge_color.blue, alpha);
 			break;

 		case HUD_C_BRIGHT:
-			alpha = HUD_high_contrast ? HUD_NEW_ALPHA_BRIGHT_HI : HUD_NEW_ALPHA_BRIGHT;
+			alpha = HUD_contrast ? HUD_NEW_ALPHA_BRIGHT_HI : HUD_NEW_ALPHA_BRIGHT;
 			gr_init_alphacolor(&gauge_color, gauge_color.red, gauge_color.green, gauge_color.blue, alpha);
 			break;

@@ -528,15 +523,15 @@ void HudGauge::setGaugeColor(int bright_index)
 	} else {
 		switch(maybeFlashSexp()) {
 		case 0:
-			alpha = HUD_high_contrast ? HUD_NEW_ALPHA_DIM_HI : HUD_NEW_ALPHA_DIM;
+			alpha = HUD_contrast ? HUD_NEW_ALPHA_DIM_HI : HUD_NEW_ALPHA_DIM;
 			gr_init_alphacolor(&gauge_color, gauge_color.red, gauge_color.green, gauge_color.blue, alpha);
 			break;
 		case 1:			
-			alpha = HUD_high_contrast ? HUD_NEW_ALPHA_BRIGHT_HI : HUD_NEW_ALPHA_BRIGHT;
+			alpha = HUD_contrast ? HUD_NEW_ALPHA_BRIGHT_HI : HUD_NEW_ALPHA_BRIGHT;
 			gr_init_alphacolor(&gauge_color, gauge_color.red, gauge_color.green, gauge_color.blue, alpha);
 			break;
 		default:
-			alpha = HUD_high_contrast ? HUD_NEW_ALPHA_NORMAL_HI : HUD_NEW_ALPHA_NORMAL;
+			alpha = HUD_contrast ? HUD_NEW_ALPHA_NORMAL_HI : HUD_NEW_ALPHA_NORMAL;
 			gr_init_alphacolor(&gauge_color, gauge_color.red, gauge_color.green, gauge_color.blue, alpha);
 		}
 	}
@@ -544,37 +539,33 @@ void HudGauge::setGaugeColor(int bright_index)
 	gr_set_color_fast(&gauge_color);	
 }

-bool HudGauge::isCustom() const
+bool HudGauge::isCustom()
 {
 	return custom_gauge;
 }

-bool HudGauge::isHiRes() const
-{
-	return hi_res;
-}
-
-int HudGauge::getBaseWidth() const
+int HudGauge::getBaseWidth()
 {
 	return base_w;
 }

-int HudGauge::getBaseHeight() const
+int HudGauge::getBaseHeight()
 {
 	return base_h;
 }

-float HudGauge::getAspectQuotient() const
+float HudGauge::getAspectQuotient()
 {
 	return aspect_quotient;
 }

-int HudGauge::getConfigType() const
+int HudGauge::getConfigType()
 {
+	//return gauge_type;
 	return gauge_config;
 }

-int HudGauge::getObjectType() const
+int HudGauge::getObjectType()
 {
 	return gauge_object;
 }
@@ -597,7 +588,7 @@ void HudGauge::updateColor(int r, int g, int b, int a)
 	gr_init_alphacolor(&gauge_color, r, g, b, a);
 }

- const color& HudGauge::getColor() const
+ const color& HudGauge::getColor()
 {
 	return gauge_color;
 }
@@ -622,12 +613,12 @@ void HudGauge::initCockpit_view_choice(int cockpit_view_choice)
 	render_for_cockpit_toggle = cockpit_view_choice;
 }

-bool HudGauge::isOffbyDefault() const
+bool HudGauge::isOffbyDefault()
 {
 	return off_by_default;
 }

-bool HudGauge::isActive() const
+bool HudGauge::isActive()
 {
 	return active && !sexp_override;
 }
@@ -652,7 +643,7 @@ void HudGauge::startPopUp(int time)
 	popup_timer = timestamp(time);
 }

-int HudGauge::popUpActive() const
+int HudGauge::popUpActive()
 {
 	//Assert(gauge_index >=0 && gauge_index < NUM_HUD_GAUGES);
 	if ( !pop_up ) {
@@ -682,7 +673,7 @@ void HudGauge::startFlashSexp()
 	flash_status = false;
 }

-bool HudGauge::flashExpiredSexp() const
+bool HudGauge::flashExpiredSexp()
 {
 	if(timestamp_elapsed(flash_duration)) {
 		return true;
@@ -1156,7 +1147,7 @@ void HudGauge::initialize()
 	sexp_lock_color = false;
 }

-bool HudGauge::canRender() const
+bool HudGauge::canRender()
 {
 	if (sexp_override) {
 		return false;
@@ -1302,12 +1293,12 @@ void HUD_init()
 	last_percent_throttle = 0.0f;

 	// default to high contrast in the nebula
-	HUD_high_contrast = false;
+	HUD_contrast = 0;
 	HUD_draw     = 1;
 	HUD_disable_except_messages = 0;

 	if(The_mission.flags[Mission::Mission_Flags::Fullneb]){
-		HUD_high_contrast = true;
+		HUD_contrast = 1;
 	}

 	// reset to infinite
@@ -3319,17 +3310,17 @@ void hud_set_gauge_color(int gauge_index, int bright_index)
 	if(bright_index != HUD_C_NONE){
 		switch(bright_index){
 		case HUD_C_DIM:
-			alpha = HUD_high_contrast ? HUD_NEW_ALPHA_DIM_HI : HUD_NEW_ALPHA_DIM;
+			alpha = HUD_contrast ? HUD_NEW_ALPHA_DIM_HI : HUD_NEW_ALPHA_DIM;
 			gr_init_alphacolor(use_color, use_color->red, use_color->green, use_color->blue, alpha);
 			break;

 		case HUD_C_NORMAL:
-			alpha = HUD_high_contrast ? HUD_NEW_ALPHA_NORMAL_HI : HUD_NEW_ALPHA_NORMAL;
+			alpha = HUD_contrast ? HUD_NEW_ALPHA_NORMAL_HI : HUD_NEW_ALPHA_NORMAL;
 			gr_init_alphacolor(use_color, use_color->red, use_color->green, use_color->blue, alpha);
 			break;

 		case HUD_C_BRIGHT:
-			alpha = HUD_high_contrast ? HUD_NEW_ALPHA_BRIGHT_HI : HUD_NEW_ALPHA_BRIGHT;
+			alpha = HUD_contrast ? HUD_NEW_ALPHA_BRIGHT_HI : HUD_NEW_ALPHA_BRIGHT;
 			gr_init_alphacolor(use_color, use_color->red, use_color->green, use_color->blue, alpha);
 			break;

@@ -3359,15 +3350,15 @@ void hud_set_gauge_color(int gauge_index, int bright_index)
 	} else {
 		switch(flash_status) {
 		case 0:
-			alpha = HUD_high_contrast ? HUD_NEW_ALPHA_DIM_HI : HUD_NEW_ALPHA_DIM;
+			alpha = HUD_contrast ? HUD_NEW_ALPHA_DIM_HI : HUD_NEW_ALPHA_DIM;
 			gr_init_alphacolor(use_color, use_color->red, use_color->green, use_color->blue, alpha);
 			break;
 		case 1:			
-			alpha = HUD_high_contrast ? HUD_NEW_ALPHA_BRIGHT_HI : HUD_NEW_ALPHA_BRIGHT;
+			alpha = HUD_contrast ? HUD_NEW_ALPHA_BRIGHT_HI : HUD_NEW_ALPHA_BRIGHT;
 			gr_init_alphacolor(use_color, use_color->red, use_color->green, use_color->blue, alpha);
 			break;
 		default:			
-			alpha = HUD_high_contrast ? HUD_NEW_ALPHA_NORMAL_HI : HUD_NEW_ALPHA_NORMAL;
+			alpha = HUD_contrast ? HUD_NEW_ALPHA_NORMAL_HI : HUD_NEW_ALPHA_NORMAL;	
 			gr_init_alphacolor(use_color, use_color->red, use_color->green, use_color->blue, alpha);
 			break;
 		}
@@ -3870,12 +3861,12 @@ void hud_save_restore_camera_data(int save)

 void hud_toggle_contrast()
 {
-	HUD_high_contrast = !HUD_high_contrast;
+	HUD_contrast = !HUD_contrast;
 }

-void hud_set_contrast(bool high)
+void hud_set_contrast(int high)
 {
-	HUD_high_contrast = high;
+	HUD_contrast = high;
 }

 void hud_toggle_shadows()
@@ -3994,7 +3985,7 @@ HudGauge(HUD_OBJECT_MULTI_MSG, HUD_MESSAGE_LINES, false, true, 0, 255, 255, 255)
 {
 }

-bool HudGaugeMultiMsg::canRender() const
+bool HudGaugeMultiMsg::canRender() 
 {
 	return true;
 }
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ enum class HudAlignment
 };

 extern int HUD_draw;
-extern bool HUD_high_contrast;
+extern int HUD_contrast;
 extern bool HUD_shadows;

 #define HUD_NUM_COLOR_LEVELS	16
@@ -203,7 +203,7 @@ int hud_disabled_except_messages();

 // contrast stuff
 void hud_toggle_contrast();
-void hud_set_contrast(bool high);
+void hud_set_contrast(int high);
 void hud_toggle_shadows();

 class HudGauge 
@@ -223,7 +223,6 @@ protected:
 	bool tabled_use_coords;
 	int tabled_coords[2];
 	float aspect_quotient;
-	bool hi_res;

 	bool lock_color;
 	bool sexp_lock_color;
@@ -272,30 +271,28 @@ public:
 	void initFont(int input_font_num);
 	void initOriginAndOffset(float originX, float originY, int offsetX, int offsetY);
 	void initCoords(bool use_coords, int coordsX, int coordsY);
-	void initHiRes(const char* fname);

 	virtual void initSlew(bool slew);
 	void initCockpitTarget(const char* display_name, int _target_x, int _target_y, int _target_w, int _target_h, int _canvas_w, int _canvas_h);
 	void initRenderStatus(bool render);

-	bool isCustom() const;
-	bool isHiRes() const;
-	int getBaseWidth() const;
-	int getBaseHeight() const;
-	float getAspectQuotient() const;
+	bool isCustom();
+	int getBaseWidth();
+	int getBaseHeight();
+	float getAspectQuotient();

-	int getConfigType() const;
-	int getObjectType() const;
-	void getPosition(int *x, int *y) const;
-	bool isOffbyDefault() const;
-	bool isActive() const;
+	int getConfigType();
+	int getObjectType();
+	void getPosition(int *x, int *y);
+	bool isOffbyDefault();
+	bool isActive();

-	int getFont() const;
-	void getOriginAndOffset(float *originX, float *originY, int *offsetX, int *offsetY) const;
-	void getCoords(bool* use_coords, int* coordsX, int* coordsY) const;
+	int getFont();
+	void getOriginAndOffset(float *originX, float *originY, int *offsetX, int *offsetY);
+	void getCoords(bool* use_coords, int* coordsX, int* coordsY);
 	
 	void updateColor(int r, int g, int b, int a = 255);
-	const color& getColor() const;
+	const color& getColor();
 	void lockConfigColor(bool lock);
 	void sexpLockConfigColor(bool lock);
 	void updateActive(bool show);
@@ -308,21 +305,21 @@ public:
 	// For flashing gauges in training missions
 	void startFlashSexp();
 	int maybeFlashSexp();
-	bool flashExpiredSexp() const;
+	bool flashExpiredSexp();
 	void resetTimers();

 	// For updating custom gauges
-	const char* getCustomGaugeName() const;
+	const char* getCustomGaugeName();
 	void updateCustomGaugeText(const char* txt);
 	void updateCustomGaugeText(const SCP_string& txt);
-	const char* getCustomGaugeText() const;
+	const char* getCustomGaugeText();

 	void startPopUp(int time=4000);
-	int popUpActive() const;
+	int popUpActive();

 	virtual void preprocess();
 	virtual void render(float frametime);
-	virtual bool canRender() const;
+	virtual bool canRender();
 	virtual void pageIn();
 	virtual void initialize();
 	virtual void onFrame(float frametime);
@@ -552,7 +549,7 @@ class HudGaugeMultiMsg: public HudGauge
 protected:
 public:
 	HudGaugeMultiMsg();
-	bool canRender() const override;
+	bool canRender() override;
 	void render(float frametime) override;
 };

@@ -328,7 +328,7 @@ void ssm_create(object *target, vec3d *start, size_t ssm_index, ssm_firing_info

 	count = Ssm_info[ssm_index].count;
 	if (Ssm_info[ssm_index].max_count != -1 && (Ssm_info[ssm_index].max_count - count) > 0) {
-		count = Random::next(count, Ssm_info[ssm_index].max_count);
+		count += Random::next(count, Ssm_info[ssm_index].max_count);
 	}

 	// override in multiplayer
@@ -1323,8 +1323,10 @@ void hud_config_button_do(int n)
 			break;
 		}

-		if ((++HC_current_file) >= static_cast<int> (HC_preset_filenames.size())) {
+		if (HC_current_file >= (int)HC_preset_filenames.size()) {
 			HC_current_file = 0;
+		} else {
+			HC_current_file++;
 		}

 		// load em up		
@@ -305,7 +305,7 @@ void HudGaugeMessages::processMessageBuffer()
 		ptr = strstr(msg, NOX(": "));
 		if ( ptr ) {
 			int sw;
-			gr_get_string_size(&sw, nullptr, msg, (ptr + 2 - msg));
+			gr_get_string_size(&sw, nullptr, msg, (int)(ptr + 2 - msg));
 			offset = sw;
 		}

@@ -641,7 +641,7 @@ void hud_add_msg_to_scrollback(const char *text, int source, int t)

 	// determine the length of the sender's name for underlining
 	if (ptr) {
-		gr_get_string_size(&w, nullptr, buf, (ptr - buf));
+		gr_get_string_size(&w, nullptr, buf, (int)(ptr - buf));
 	}

 	// create the new node for the vector
@@ -843,7 +843,7 @@ void hud_initialize_scrollback_lines()

 			int width = 0;
 			int height = 0;
-			gr_get_string_size(&width, &height, node_msg.text.c_str(), node_msg.text.length());
+			gr_get_string_size(&width, &height, node_msg.text.c_str(), (int)node_msg.text.length());

 			int max_width = Hud_mission_log_list2_coords[gr_screen.res][2];
 			if (width > max_width) {
@@ -1264,7 +1264,7 @@ void HudGaugeTalkingHead::pageIn()
 	bm_page_in_aabitmap( Head_frame.first_frame, Head_frame.num_frames );
 }

-bool HudGaugeTalkingHead::canRender() const
+bool HudGaugeTalkingHead::canRender()
 {
 	if (sexp_override) {
 		return false;
@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ public:
 	void pageIn() override;
 	void render(float frametime) override;
 	void initialize() override;
-	bool canRender() const override;
+	bool canRender() override;
 };

 class HudGaugeFixedMessages: public HudGauge
@@ -1611,7 +1611,6 @@ void load_gauge_lag(gauge_settings* settings)
 	}

 	hud_gauge->initBitmaps(fname);
-	hud_gauge->initHiRes(fname);

 	gauge_assign_common(settings, std::move(hud_gauge));
 }
@@ -1667,7 +1666,6 @@ void load_gauge_mini_shields(gauge_settings* settings)
 	hud_gauge->init2DigitOffsets(Mini_2digit_offsets[0], Mini_2digit_offsets[1]);
 	hud_gauge->init3DigitOffsets(Mini_3digit_offsets[0], Mini_3digit_offsets[1]);
 	hud_gauge->initBitmaps(fname);
-	hud_gauge->initHiRes(fname);

 	gauge_assign_common(settings, std::move(hud_gauge));
 }
@@ -1764,7 +1762,6 @@ void load_gauge_weapon_energy(gauge_settings* settings)
 	}

 	hud_gauge->initBitmaps(fname);
-	hud_gauge->initHiRes(fname);
 	hud_gauge->initEnergyHeight(Wenergy_h);
 	hud_gauge->initTextOffsets(Wenergy_text_offsets[0], Wenergy_text_offsets[1]);
 	hud_gauge->initAlignments(text_alignment, weapon_alignment);
@@ -1918,7 +1915,6 @@ void load_gauge_escort_view(gauge_settings* settings)
 	}

 	hud_gauge->initBitmaps(fname_top, fname_middle, fname_bottom);
-	hud_gauge->initHiRes(fname_top);
 	hud_gauge->initEntryHeight(entry_h);
 	hud_gauge->initEntryStaggerWidth(entry_stagger_w);
 	hud_gauge->initBottomBgOffset(bottom_bg_offset);
@@ -1980,7 +1976,6 @@ void load_gauge_afterburner(gauge_settings* settings)

 	hud_gauge->initEnergyHeight(energy_h);
 	hud_gauge->initBitmaps(fname);
-	hud_gauge->initHiRes(fname);

 	gauge_assign_common(settings, std::move(hud_gauge));
 }
@@ -2023,7 +2018,6 @@ void load_gauge_mission_time(gauge_settings* settings)
 	hud_gauge->initTextOffsets(time_text_offsets[0], time_text_offsets[1]);
 	hud_gauge->initValueOffsets(time_val_offsets[0], time_val_offsets[1]);
 	hud_gauge->initBitmaps(fname);
-	hud_gauge->initHiRes(fname);

 	gauge_assign_common(settings, std::move(hud_gauge));
 }
@@ -2117,7 +2111,6 @@ void load_gauge_threat_indicator(gauge_settings* settings)
 	}

 	hud_gauge->initBitmaps(fname_arc, fname_laser, fname_lock);
-	hud_gauge->initHiRes(fname_arc);
 	hud_gauge->initLaserWarnOffsets(Laser_warn_offsets[0], Laser_warn_offsets[1]);
 	hud_gauge->initLockWarnOffsets(Lock_warn_offsets[0], Lock_warn_offsets[1]);

@@ -2185,7 +2178,6 @@ void load_gauge_center_reticle(gauge_settings* settings)
 		stuff_int(&autoaim_frame);

 	hud_gauge->initBitmaps(fname);
-	hud_gauge->initHiRes(fname);
 	hud_gauge->initFirepointDisplay(firepoints, scaleX, scaleY, size);
 	hud_gauge->setAutoaimFrame(autoaim_frame);

@@ -2359,7 +2351,6 @@ void load_gauge_throttle(gauge_settings* settings)
 	hud_gauge->initGlideOffsets(glide_offset[0], glide_offset[1], custom_glide);
 	hud_gauge->initMatchSpeedOffsets(match_speed_offset[0], match_speed_offset[1], custom_match);
 	hud_gauge->initBitmaps(fname);
-	hud_gauge->initHiRes(fname);
 	hud_gauge->showBackground(show_background);

 	gauge_assign_common(settings, std::move(hud_gauge));
@@ -2444,7 +2435,6 @@ void load_gauge_ets_retail(gauge_settings* settings)
 	hud_gauge->initBottomOffsets(bottom_offsets[0], bottom_offsets[1]);
 	hud_gauge->initBarHeight(bar_h);
 	hud_gauge->initBitmaps(fname);
-	hud_gauge->initHiRes(fname);
 	hud_gauge->initGaugePositions(gauge_positions);

 	gauge_assign_common(settings, std::move(hud_gauge));
@@ -2512,7 +2502,6 @@ void load_gauge_ets_weapons(gauge_settings* settings)
 	hud_gauge->initBottomOffsets(bottom_offsets[0], bottom_offsets[1]);
 	hud_gauge->initBarHeight(bar_h);
 	hud_gauge->initBitmaps(fname);
-	hud_gauge->initHiRes(fname);

 	gauge_assign_common(settings, std::move(hud_gauge));
 }
@@ -2576,7 +2565,6 @@ void load_gauge_ets_shields(gauge_settings* settings)

 	hud_gauge->initBarHeight(bar_h);
 	hud_gauge->initBitmaps(fname);
-	hud_gauge->initHiRes(fname);
 	hud_gauge->initBottomOffsets(bottom_offsets[0], bottom_offsets[1]);
 	hud_gauge->initLetter(letter);
 	hud_gauge->initLetterOffsets(letter_offsets[0], letter_offsets[1]);
@@ -2645,7 +2633,6 @@ void load_gauge_ets_engines(gauge_settings* settings)

 	hud_gauge->initBarHeight(bar_h);
 	hud_gauge->initBitmaps(fname);
-	hud_gauge->initHiRes(fname);
 	hud_gauge->initBottomOffsets(bottom_offsets[0], bottom_offsets[1]);
 	hud_gauge->initLetter(letter);
 	hud_gauge->initLetterOffsets(letter_offsets[0], letter_offsets[1]);
@@ -2721,7 +2708,6 @@ void load_gauge_extra_target_data(gauge_settings* settings)
 	}

 	hud_gauge->initBitmaps(fname);
-	hud_gauge->initHiRes(fname);
 	hud_gauge->initBracketOffsets(bracket_offsets[0], bracket_offsets[1]);
 	hud_gauge->initDockOffsets(dock_offsets[0], dock_offsets[1]);
 	hud_gauge->initDockMaxWidth(dock_max_w);
@@ -2844,7 +2830,6 @@ void load_gauge_radar_std(gauge_settings* settings)
 	// Only load this if the user hasn't specified a preference
 	if (Cmdline_orb_radar == 0) {
 		hud_gauge->initBitmaps(fname);
-		hud_gauge->initHiRes(fname);
 		hud_gauge->initBlipRadius(Radar_blip_radius_normal, Radar_blip_radius_target);
 		hud_gauge->initCenterOffsets(Radar_center_offsets[0], Radar_center_offsets[1]);
 		hud_gauge->initDistanceInfinityOffsets(Radar_dist_offsets[2][0], Radar_dist_offsets[2][1]);
@@ -2941,7 +2926,6 @@ void load_gauge_radar_orb(gauge_settings* settings)
 	//only load this if the user actually wants to use the orb radar.
 	if (Cmdline_orb_radar == 1) {
 		hud_gauge->initBitmaps(fname);
-		hud_gauge->initHiRes(fname);
 		hud_gauge->initBlipRadius(Radar_blip_radius_normal, Radar_blip_radius_target);
 		hud_gauge->initCenterOffsets(Radar_center_offsets[0], Radar_center_offsets[1]);
 		hud_gauge->initDistanceInfinityOffsets(Radar_dist_offsets[2][0], Radar_dist_offsets[2][1]);
@@ -3142,7 +3126,6 @@ void load_gauge_radar_dradis(gauge_settings* settings)

 	hud_gauge->initRadius(Radar_radius[0], Radar_radius[1]);
 	hud_gauge->initBitmaps(xy_fname, xz_yz_fname, sweep_fname, target_fname, unknown_fname);
-	hud_gauge->initHiRes(xy_fname);
 	hud_gauge->initCockpitTarget(display_name, display_offset[0], display_offset[1], display_size[0], display_size[1], canvas_size[0], canvas_size[1]);
 	hud_gauge->initSound(loop_snd, loop_snd_volume, arrival_beep_snd, departure_beep_snd, stealth_arrival_snd, stealth_departure_snd, arrival_beep_delay, departure_beep_delay);
 	hud_gauge->initChase_view_only(settings->chase_view_only);
@@ -3362,7 +3345,6 @@ void load_gauge_target_monitor(gauge_settings* settings)
 	hud_gauge->initGaugeWirecolor(wirecolor);
 	hud_gauge->initGaugeWirecolorOverride(wirecoloroverride);
 	hud_gauge->initBitmaps(fname_monitor, fname_monitor_mask, fname_integrity, fname_static);
-	hud_gauge->initHiRes(fname_monitor);

 	gauge_assign_common(settings, std::move(hud_gauge));
 }
@@ -3447,7 +3429,6 @@ void load_gauge_squad_message(gauge_settings* settings)
 	}

 	hud_gauge->initBitmaps(fname_top, fname_middle, fname_bottom);
-	hud_gauge->initHiRes(fname_top);
 	hud_gauge->initHeaderOffsets(Header_offsets[0], Header_offsets[1]);
 	hud_gauge->initItemStartOffsets(Item_start_offsets[0], Item_start_offsets[1]);
 	hud_gauge->initMiddleFrameStartOffsetY(Middle_frame_start_offset_y);
@@ -3520,7 +3501,6 @@ void load_gauge_objective_notify(gauge_settings* settings)
 	}

 	hud_gauge->initBitmaps(fname);
-	hud_gauge->initHiRes(fname);
 	hud_gauge->initObjTextOffsetY(Objective_text_offset_y);
 	hud_gauge->initObjValueOffsetY(Objective_text_val_offset_y);
 	hud_gauge->initSubspaceTextOffsetY(Subspace_text_offset_y);
@@ -3789,7 +3769,6 @@ void load_gauge_directives(gauge_settings* settings)
 	}

 	hud_gauge->initBitmaps(fname_top, fname_middle, fname_bottom);
-	hud_gauge->initHiRes(fname_top);
 	hud_gauge->initMiddleFrameOffsetY(middle_frame_offset_y);
 	hud_gauge->initTextHeight(text_h);
 	hud_gauge->initBottomBgOffset(bottom_bg_offset);
@@ -3848,7 +3827,6 @@ void load_gauge_talking_head(gauge_settings* settings)
 	hud_gauge->initAnimOffsets(Anim_offsets[0], Anim_offsets[1]);
 	hud_gauge->initAnimSizes(Anim_size[0], Anim_size[1]);
 	hud_gauge->initBitmaps(fname);
-	hud_gauge->initHiRes(fname);
 	hud_gauge->initHeaderOffsets(Header_offsets[0], Header_offsets[1]);

 	gauge_assign_common(settings, std::move(hud_gauge));
@@ -3888,7 +3866,6 @@ void load_gauge_countermeasures(gauge_settings* settings)
 	}

 	hud_gauge->initBitmaps(fname);
-	hud_gauge->initHiRes(fname);
 	hud_gauge->initCountTextOffsets(cm_text_offset[0], cm_text_offset[1]);
 	hud_gauge->initCountValueOffsets(cm_text_val_offset[0], cm_text_val_offset[1]);

@@ -3947,7 +3924,6 @@ void load_gauge_auto_target(gauge_settings* settings)

 	hud_gauge->initAutoTextOffsets(auto_text_offset[0], auto_text_offset[1]);
 	hud_gauge->initBitmaps(fname);
-	hud_gauge->initHiRes(fname);
 	hud_gauge->initTargetTextOffsets(target_text_offset[0], target_text_offset[1]);
 	hud_gauge->initOnColor(on_color[0], on_color[1], on_color[2], on_color[3]);
 	hud_gauge->initOffColor(off_color[0], off_color[1], off_color[2], off_color[3]);
@@ -4006,7 +3982,6 @@ void load_gauge_auto_speed(gauge_settings* settings)

 	hud_gauge->initAutoTextOffsets(auto_text_offset[0], auto_text_offset[1]);
 	hud_gauge->initBitmaps(fname);
-	hud_gauge->initHiRes(fname);
 	hud_gauge->initSpeedTextOffsets(speed_text_offset[0], speed_text_offset[1]);
 	hud_gauge->initOnColor(on_color[0], on_color[1], on_color[2], on_color[3]);
 	hud_gauge->initOffColor(off_color[0], off_color[1], off_color[2], off_color[3]);
@@ -4146,7 +4121,6 @@ void load_gauge_wingman_status(gauge_settings* settings)
 	}

 	hud_gauge->initBitmaps(fname_left, fname_middle, fname_right, fname_dots);
-	hud_gauge->initHiRes(fname_left);
 	hud_gauge->initHeaderOffsets(header_offsets[0], header_offsets[1]);
 	hud_gauge->initFixedHeaderPosition(fixed_header_position);
 	hud_gauge->initLeftFrameEndX(left_frame_end_x);
@@ -4244,7 +4218,6 @@ void load_gauge_damage(gauge_settings* settings)
 	}

 	hud_gauge->initBitmaps(fname_top, fname_middle, fname_bottom);
-	hud_gauge->initHiRes(fname_top);
 	hud_gauge->initHullIntegOffsets(hull_integ_offsets[0], hull_integ_offsets[1]);
 	hud_gauge->initHullIntegValueOffsetX(hull_integ_val_offset_x);
 	hud_gauge->initLineHeight(line_h);
@@ -4312,7 +4285,6 @@ void load_gauge_support(gauge_settings* settings)
 	}

 	hud_gauge->initBitmaps(fname);
-	hud_gauge->initHiRes(fname);
 	hud_gauge->initHeaderOffsets(header_offsets[0], header_offsets[1]);
 	hud_gauge->initTextDockOffsetX(text_dock_offset_x);
 	hud_gauge->initTextDockValueOffsetX(text_dock_val_offset_x);
@@ -4532,7 +4504,6 @@ void load_gauge_weapon_linking(gauge_settings* settings)
 	hud_gauge->init2SecondaryOffsets(Weapon_link_offsets[LINK_TWO_SECONDARY][0], Weapon_link_offsets[LINK_TWO_SECONDARY][1]);
 	hud_gauge->init3SecondaryOffsets(Weapon_link_offsets[LINK_THREE_SECONDARY][0], Weapon_link_offsets[LINK_THREE_SECONDARY][1]);
 	hud_gauge->initBitmaps(fname_arc, fname_primary_link_1, fname_primary_link_2, fname_secondary_link_1, fname_secondary_link_2, fname_secondary_link_3);
-	hud_gauge->initHiRes(fname_arc);

 	gauge_assign_common(settings, std::move(hud_gauge));
 }
@@ -4721,7 +4692,6 @@ void load_gauge_lock(gauge_settings* settings)
 	}

 	hud_gauge->initBitmaps(fname_lock, fname_spin);
-	hud_gauge->initHiRes(fname_lock);
 	hud_gauge->initLoopLockedAnim(loop_locked_anim);
 	hud_gauge->initBlinkLockedAnim(blink_locked_anim);
 	hud_gauge->initGaugeHalfSize(Lock_gauge_half_w, Lock_gauge_half_h);
@@ -4796,7 +4766,6 @@ void load_gauge_brackets(gauge_settings* settings)
 	}

 	hud_gauge->initBitmaps(fname);
-	hud_gauge->initHiRes(fname);
 	hud_gauge->initMinSubTargetBoxSizes(min_subtarget_box[0], min_subtarget_box[1]);
 	hud_gauge->initMinTargetBoxSizes(min_target_box[0], min_target_box[1]);

@@ -4988,7 +4957,6 @@ void load_gauge_lead(gauge_settings* settings)

 	hud_gauge->initHalfSize(Lead_indicator_half[0], Lead_indicator_half[1]);
 	hud_gauge->initBitmaps(fname);
-	hud_gauge->initHiRes(fname);

 	gauge_assign_common(settings, std::move(hud_gauge));
 }
@@ -5047,7 +5015,6 @@ void load_gauge_lead_sight(gauge_settings* settings)
 	}

 	hud_gauge->initBitmaps(fname);
-	hud_gauge->initHiRes(fname);

 	gauge_assign_common(settings, std::move(hud_gauge));
 }
@@ -5092,7 +5059,6 @@ void load_gauge_kills(gauge_settings* settings)
 	}

 	hud_gauge->initBitmaps(fname);
-	hud_gauge->initHiRes(fname);
 	hud_gauge->initTextOffsets(text_offsets[0], text_offsets[1]);
 	hud_gauge->initTextValueOffsets(text_value_offsets[0], text_value_offsets[1]);

@@ -5333,7 +5299,6 @@ void load_gauge_primary_weapons(gauge_settings* settings)
 	}
 	
 	hud_gauge->initBitmaps(fname_first, fname_entry, fname_last);
-	hud_gauge->initHiRes(fname_first);
 	hud_gauge->initHeaderOffsets(header_offsets[0], header_offsets[1]);
 	hud_gauge->initHeaderText(header_text);
 	hud_gauge->initBgFirstHeight(first_bg_h);
@@ -5448,7 +5413,6 @@ void load_gauge_secondary_weapons(gauge_settings* settings)
 	}

 	hud_gauge->initBitmaps(fname_first, fname_entry, fname_last);
-	hud_gauge->initHiRes(fname_first);
 	hud_gauge->initHeaderOffsets(header_offsets[0], header_offsets[1]);
 	hud_gauge->initHeaderText(header_text);
 	hud_gauge->initBgFirstHeight(first_bg_h);
@@ -2635,7 +2635,7 @@ bool HudGaugeSquadMessage::maybeFlashPageScroll(bool flash_fast)
 	return draw_bright;
 }

-bool HudGaugeSquadMessage::canRender() const
+bool HudGaugeSquadMessage::canRender()
 {
 	if(hud_disabled_except_messages() && !message_gauge) {
 		return false;
@@ -213,7 +213,7 @@ public:
 	void initPgDnOffsets(int x, int y);

 	void render(float frametime) override;
-	bool canRender() const override;
+	bool canRender() override;
 	void pageIn() override;
 	void initialize() override;
 	void startFlashPageScroll(int duration = 1400);
@@ -2627,24 +2627,12 @@ void hud_target_in_reticle_old()

 	target_obj = hud_reticle_pick_target();
 	if ( target_obj != NULL ) {
-		int oldTargetNum = Player_ai->target_objnum; 
 		set_target_objnum( Player_ai, OBJ_INDEX(target_obj) );
 		hud_shield_hit_reset(target_obj);

 		if ( target_obj->type == OBJ_SHIP ) {
-			ship* shipp = &Ships[target_obj->instance];
-
-			// if the player is attempting to target the same ship under their reticule again
-			// then lets select the nearest subsystem for them.
-			if (Automatically_select_subsystem_under_reticle_when_targeting_same_ship &&
-				Ship_info[shipp->ship_info_index].is_big_or_huge() &&
-				oldTargetNum == Player_ai->target_objnum) {
-				hud_target_subsystem_in_reticle();
-			}
-			else {
-				hud_maybe_set_sorted_turret_subsys(shipp);
-				hud_restore_subsystem_target(shipp);
-			}
+			hud_maybe_set_sorted_turret_subsys(&Ships[target_obj->instance]);
+			hud_restore_subsystem_target(&Ships[target_obj->instance]);
 		}
 	}
 	else {
@@ -24,10 +24,6 @@ int radar_iff_color[5][2][4];
 int iff_bright_delta;
 int *iff_color_brightness = &iff_bright_delta;

-int IFF_COLOR_SELECTION = 0;
-int IFF_COLOR_MESSAGE   = 1;
-int IFF_COLOR_TAGGED    = 2;
-
 // global only to file
 SCP_vector <std::pair<color, color>> Iff_colors;		// AL 1-2-97: Create two IFF colors, regular and bright

@@ -253,28 +249,28 @@ void parse_iff_table(const char* filename)
 		if ((optional_string("$Selection Color:")) || (optional_string("$Selection Colour:")))
 		{
 			stuff_int_list(rgb, 3, RAW_INTEGER_TYPE);
-			IFF_COLOR_SELECTION = iff_init_color(rgb[0], rgb[1], rgb[2]);
+			iff_init_color(rgb[0], rgb[1], rgb[2]);
 		}
-		else if (!Parsing_modular_table)
-			IFF_COLOR_SELECTION = iff_init_color(0xff, 0xff, 0xff);
+		else
+			iff_init_color(0xff, 0xff, 0xff);

 		// Marks the ship currently saying something
 		if ((optional_string("$Message Color:")) || (optional_string("$Message Colour:")))
 		{
 			stuff_int_list(rgb, 3, RAW_INTEGER_TYPE);
-			IFF_COLOR_MESSAGE = iff_init_color(rgb[0], rgb[1], rgb[2]);
+			iff_init_color(rgb[0], rgb[1], rgb[2]);
 		}
-		else if (!Parsing_modular_table)
-			IFF_COLOR_MESSAGE = iff_init_color(0x7f, 0x7f, 0x7f);
+		else
+			iff_init_color(0x7f, 0x7f, 0x7f);

 		// Marks the tagged ships
 		if ((optional_string("$Tagged Color:")) || (optional_string("$Tagged Colour:")))
 		{
 			stuff_int_list(rgb, 3, RAW_INTEGER_TYPE);
-			IFF_COLOR_TAGGED = iff_init_color(rgb[0], rgb[1], rgb[2]);
+			iff_init_color(rgb[0], rgb[1], rgb[2]);
 		}
-		else if (!Parsing_modular_table)
-			IFF_COLOR_TAGGED = iff_init_color(0xff, 0xff, 0x00);
+		else
+			iff_init_color(0xff, 0xff, 0x00);

 		// init radar blips colour table
 		int a_bright, a_dim;
@@ -583,9 +579,7 @@ int iff_lookup(const char *iff_name)
 */
 int iff_get_attackee_mask(int attacker_team)
 {
-	Assertion(SCP_vector_inbounds(Iff_info, attacker_team), "Attempted to get the attackee mask of an attacker team that is out of bounds");
-	if (!SCP_vector_inbounds(Iff_info, attacker_team))
-		return 0;
+	Assert(attacker_team >= 0 && attacker_team < (int)Iff_info.size());

 	//	All teams attack all other teams.
 	if (Mission_all_attack)
@@ -17,10 +17,9 @@
 class object;

 // Goober5000 - new IFF color system
-// Now variables so that modular tables can actually affect them. -MageKing17
-extern int IFF_COLOR_SELECTION;
-extern int IFF_COLOR_MESSAGE;
-extern int IFF_COLOR_TAGGED;
+#define IFF_COLOR_SELECTION			0
+#define IFF_COLOR_MESSAGE			1
+#define IFF_COLOR_TAGGED			2

 enum IFF_hotkey_team { Default = -1, None = 0, Friendly, Hostile };

@@ -241,7 +241,7 @@ SCP_vector<Joystick*> joystick_enumerator()
 auto JoystickOption = options::OptionBuilder<Joystick*>("Input.Joystick",
                     std::pair<const char*, int>{"Joystick 0", 1705},
                     std::pair<const char*, int>{"The current joystick 0", 1706})
-                     .category(std::make_pair("Input", 1827))                    // Category this option shows up in the scripting heirachy
+                     .category("Input")                    // Category this option shows up in the scripting heirachy
                     .deserializer(joystick_deserialize)   // callback for json to C++
                     .serializer(joystick_serializer)      // callback for C++ to json
                     .display(joystick_display)            // callback for constructing the display label
@@ -255,7 +255,7 @@ auto JoystickOption = options::OptionBuilder<Joystick*>("Input.Joystick",
 auto JoystickOption1 = options::OptionBuilder<Joystick*>("Input.Joystick1",
                     std::pair<const char*, int>{"Joystick 1", 1707},
                     std::pair<const char*, int>{"The current joystick 1", 1708})
-                     .category(std::make_pair("Input", 1827))
+                     .category("Input")
                     .deserializer(joystick_deserialize)
                     .serializer(joystick_serializer)
                     .display(joystick_display)
@@ -269,7 +269,7 @@ auto JoystickOption1 = options::OptionBuilder<Joystick*>("Input.Joystick1",
 auto JoystickOption2 = options::OptionBuilder<Joystick*>("Input.Joystick2",
                     std::pair<const char*, int>{"Joystick 2", 1709},
                     std::pair<const char*, int>{"The current joystick 2", 1710})
-                     .category(std::make_pair("Input", 1827))
+                     .category("Input")
                     .deserializer(joystick_deserialize)
                     .serializer(joystick_serializer)
                     .display(joystick_display)
@@ -283,7 +283,7 @@ auto JoystickOption2 = options::OptionBuilder<Joystick*>("Input.Joystick2",
 auto JoystickOption3 = options::OptionBuilder<Joystick*>("Input.Joystick3",
                     std::pair<const char*, int>{"Joystick 3", 1711},
                     std::pair<const char*, int>{"The current joystick 3", 1712})
-                     .category(std::make_pair("Input", 1827))
+                     .category("Input")
                     .deserializer(joystick_deserialize)
                     .serializer(joystick_serializer)
                     .display(joystick_display)
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ static haptic_effect_t pExplode;
 static auto ForceFeedbackOption = options::OptionBuilder<bool>("Input.ForceFeedback",
                     std::pair<const char*, int>{"Force Feedback", 1728},
                     std::pair<const char*, int>{"Enable or disable force feedback", 1729})
-                     .category(std::make_pair("Input", 1827))
+                     .category("Input")
                     .level(options::ExpertLevel::Beginner)
                     .default_val(false)
                     .finish();
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ static auto ForceFeedbackOption = options::OptionBuilder<bool>("Input.ForceFeedb
 static auto HitEffectOption = options::OptionBuilder<bool>("Input.HitEffect",
                     std::pair<const char*, int>{"Directional Hit", 1730},
                     std::pair<const char*, int>{"Enable or disable the directional hit effect", 1731})
-                     .category(std::make_pair("Input", 1827))
+                     .category("Input")
                     .level(options::ExpertLevel::Beginner)
                     .default_val(false)
                     .finish();
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ static auto HitEffectOption = options::OptionBuilder<bool>("Input.HitEffect",
 static auto ForceFeedbackStrength = options::OptionBuilder<float>("Input.FFStrength",
                     std::pair<const char*, int>{"Force Feedback Strength", 1756},
                     std::pair<const char*, int>{"The realtive strength of Force Feedback effects", 1757})
-                     .category(std::make_pair("Input", 1827))
+                     .category("Input")
                     .level(options::ExpertLevel::Beginner)
                     .range(0, 100)
                     .default_val(100)
@@ -59,13 +59,12 @@ int Mouse_sensitivity = 4;
 static auto MouseSensitivityOption __UNUSED = options::OptionBuilder<int>("Input.MouseSensitivity",
                     std::pair<const char*, int>{"Sensitivity", 1374},
                     std::pair<const char*, int>{"The sensitivity of the mouse input", 1747})
-                     .category(std::make_pair("Input", 1827))
+                     .category("Input")
                     .range(0, 9)
                     .level(options::ExpertLevel::Beginner)
                     .default_val(4)
                     .bind_to(&Mouse_sensitivity)
                     .importance(0)
-                     .flags({options::OptionFlags::RetailBuiltinOption})
                     .finish();

 bool Use_mouse_to_fly = false;
@@ -75,13 +74,12 @@ static SCP_string mouse_mode_display(bool mode) { return mode ? XSTR("Joy-0", 16
 static auto UseMouseOption __UNUSED = options::OptionBuilder<bool>("Input.UseMouse",
                     std::pair<const char*, int>{"Mouse", 1373},
                     std::pair<const char*, int>{"Whether or not to use the mouse for flying", 1765})
-                     .category(std::make_pair("Input", 1827))
+                     .category("Input")
                     .display(mouse_mode_display) 
                     .level(options::ExpertLevel::Beginner)
                     .default_val(false)
                     .bind_to(&Use_mouse_to_fly)
                     .importance(1)
-                     .flags({options::OptionFlags::RetailBuiltinOption})
                     .finish();

 const std::shared_ptr<scripting::Hook<>> OnMouseWheelHook = scripting::Hook<>::Factory(
@@ -160,7 +160,7 @@ namespace ltp = lighting_profiles;
 using namespace ltp;
 bool graphics_options_changed()
 {
-	const auto& stored_settings = getLabManager()->graphicsSettings;
+	auto stored_settings = getLabManager()->graphicsSettings;

 	if (stored_settings.ambient_factor != ltp::lab_get_ambient())
 		return true;
@@ -1,15 +1,14 @@
-#include "freespace.h"
+#include "lab/renderer/lab_renderer.h"
 #include "globalincs/vmallocator.h"
+#include "lab/labv2_internal.h"
 #include "graphics/2d.h"
 #include "graphics/light.h"
-#include "lab/labv2_internal.h"
-#include "lab/renderer/lab_renderer.h"
 #include "lighting/lighting_profiles.h"
-#include "math/bitarray.h"
-#include "nebula/neb.h"
 #include "parse/parselo.h"
 #include "starfield/starfield.h"
 #include "starfield/nebula.h"
+#include "nebula/neb.h"
+#include "freespace.h"

 #include "missionui/missionscreencommon.h"
 #include "tracing/tracing.h"
@@ -348,7 +347,7 @@ void LabRenderer::useBackground(const SCP_string& mission_name) {
 				(ambient_light_level >> 16) & 0xff);

 			strcpy_s(Neb2_texture_name, "");
-			clear_all_bits(Neb2_poof_flags.get(), Poof_info.size());
+			Neb2_poof_flags = 0;
 			bool nebula = false;
 			if (optional_string("+Neb2:")) {
 				nebula = true;
@@ -365,11 +364,8 @@ void LabRenderer::useBackground(const SCP_string& mission_name) {
 			}

 			if (nebula){
-				// Obsolete and only for backwards compatibility
 				if (optional_string("+Neb2Flags:")) {
-					int temp;
-					stuff_int(&temp);
-					bit_array_set_from_int(Neb2_poof_flags.get(), Poof_info.size(), temp);
+					stuff_int(&Neb2_poof_flags);
 				}
 				// Get poofs by name
 				if (optional_string("+Neb2 Poofs List:")) {
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ static bool DeferredLightingEnabled = true;
 static auto DeferredLightingOption = options::OptionBuilder<bool>("Graphics.DeferredLighting",
                  std::pair<const char*, int>{"Deferred Lighting", 1782},
                  std::pair<const char*, int>{"Enables or disables deferred lighting", 1783})
-                  .category(std::make_pair("Graphics", 1825))
+                  .category("Graphics")
                  .default_val(true)
                  .level(options::ExpertLevel::Advanced)
                  .bind_to_once(&DeferredLightingEnabled)
@@ -176,13 +176,13 @@ static void light_rotate(light * l)
 	}
 }

-void light_add_directional(const vec3d* dir, int sun_index, bool no_glare, const hdr_color* new_color, const float source_radius)
+void light_add_directional(const vec3d* dir, const hdr_color* new_color, const float source_radius)
 {
 	Assert(new_color!= nullptr);
-	light_add_directional(dir, sun_index, no_glare, new_color->i(), new_color->r(), new_color->g(), new_color->b(), source_radius);
+	light_add_directional(dir, new_color->i(), new_color->r(), new_color->g(), new_color->b(), source_radius);
 }
 namespace ltp=lighting_profiles;
-void light_add_directional(const vec3d *dir, int sun_index, bool no_glare, float intensity, float r, float g, float b, const float source_radius)
+void light_add_directional(const vec3d *dir, float intensity, float r, float g, float b, const float source_radius)
 {
 	if (Lighting_off) return;

@@ -191,8 +191,6 @@ void light_add_directional(const vec3d *dir, int sun_index, bool no_glare, float
 	light l;

 	l.type = Light_Type::Directional;
-	l.flags = no_glare ? (LF_DEFAULT | LF_NO_GLARE) : LF_DEFAULT;
-	l.sun_index = sun_index;

 	vm_vec_copy_scale( &l.vec, dir, -1.0f );

@@ -235,8 +233,6 @@ void light_add_point(const vec3d *pos, float r1, float r2, float intensity, floa

 	Num_lights++;
 	l.type = Light_Type::Point;
-	l.flags = LF_DEFAULT;
-	l.sun_index = -1;
 	l.vec = *pos;
 	l.r = r;
 	l.g = g;
@@ -276,8 +272,6 @@ void light_add_tube(const vec3d *p0, const vec3d *p1, float r1, float r2, float
 	Num_lights++;

 	l.type = Light_Type::Tube;
-	l.flags = LF_DEFAULT;
-	l.sun_index = -1;
 	l.vec = *p0;
 	l.vec2 = *p1;
 	l.r = r;
@@ -323,46 +317,19 @@ int light_get_global_count()
 * @param pos   Position
 * @param n     Light source
 *
- * Returns false if there is no global light.
+ * Returns 0 if there is no global light.
 */
-bool light_get_global_dir(vec3d *pos, int n)
+int light_get_global_dir(vec3d *pos, int n)
 {
-	if (!SCP_vector_inbounds(Static_light, n)) {
-		return false;
+	if ( (n < 0) || (n >= (int)Static_light.size()) ) {
+		return 0;
 	}

 	if (pos) {
 		*pos = Static_light[n].vec;
 		vm_vec_scale( pos, -1.0f );
 	}
-	return true;
-}
-
-bool light_has_glare(int n)
-{
-	if (!SCP_vector_inbounds(Static_light, n)) {
-		return false;
-	}
-
-	return (Static_light[n].flags & LF_NO_GLARE) == 0;
-}
-
-int light_get_sun_index(int n)
-{
-	if (!SCP_vector_inbounds(Static_light, n)) {
-		return -1;
-	}
-
-	return Static_light[n].sun_index;
-}
-
-int light_find_for_sun(int sun_index)
-{
-	for (size_t n = 0; n < Static_light.size(); ++n)
-		if (Static_light[n].sun_index == sun_index)
-			return static_cast<int>(n);
-
-	return -1;
+	return 1;
 }

 void light_apply_rgb( ubyte *param_r, ubyte *param_g, ubyte *param_b, const vec3d *pos, const vec3d *norm, float static_light_level )
@@ -511,12 +478,11 @@ void light_add_cone(const vec3d *pos, const vec3d *dir, float angle, float inner
 	Num_lights++;

 	l.type = Light_Type::Cone;
-	l.flags = dual_cone ? (LF_DEFAULT | LF_DUAL_CONE) : LF_DEFAULT;
-	l.sun_index = -1;
 	l.vec = *pos;
 	l.vec2= *dir;
 	l.cone_angle = angle;
 	l.cone_inner_angle = inner_angle;
+	l.dual_cone = dual_cone;
 	l.r = r;
 	l.g = g;
 	l.b = b;
@@ -47,16 +47,11 @@ typedef struct light {
 	float	r,g,b;							// The color components of the light
 	float	cone_angle;						// angle for cone lights
 	float	cone_inner_angle;				// the inner angle for calculating falloff
-	int		flags;							// see below
-	int		sun_index;						// if this light corresponds to a sun
+	bool	dual_cone;						// should the cone be shining in both directions?
 	float source_radius;					// The actual size of the object or volume emitting the light
 	int instance;
 } light;

-#define LF_DUAL_CONE	(1<<0)		// should the cone be shining in both directions?
-#define LF_NO_GLARE		(1<<1)		// for example, a sun with $NoGlare
-#define LF_DEFAULT		0			// no flags by default
-
 extern SCP_vector<light> Static_light;

 struct light_indexing_info
@@ -96,8 +91,8 @@ extern void light_reset();

 //Intensity in lighting inputs multiplies the base colors.

-extern void light_add_directional(const vec3d *dir, int sun_index, bool no_glare, const hdr_color *new_color, const float source_radius = 0.0f );
-extern void light_add_directional(const vec3d *dir, int sun_index, bool no_glare, float intensity, float r, float g, float b, const float source_radius = 0.0f);
+extern void light_add_directional(const vec3d *dir, const hdr_color *new_color, const float source_radius = 0.0f );
+extern void light_add_directional(const vec3d *dir, float intensity, float r, float g, float b, const float source_radius = 0.0f);
 extern void light_add_point(const vec3d * pos, float r1, float r2, const hdr_color *new_color, const float source_radius = 0.0f);
 extern void light_add_point(const vec3d * pos, float r1, float r2, float intensity, float r, float g, float b, const float source_radius = 0.0f);
 extern void light_add_tube(const vec3d *p0, const vec3d *p1, float r1, float r2, const hdr_color *new_color, const float source_radius = 0.0f);
@@ -115,13 +110,8 @@ void light_apply_rgb( ubyte *param_r, ubyte *param_g, ubyte *param_b, const vec3
 extern int light_get_global_count();

 // Fills direction of global light source N in pos.
-// Returns false if there is no global light.
-extern bool light_get_global_dir(vec3d *pos, int n);
-
-extern bool light_has_glare(int n);
-
-extern int light_get_sun_index(int n);
-extern int light_find_for_sun(int sun_index);
+// Returns 0 if there is no global light.
+extern int light_get_global_dir(vec3d *pos, int n);

 bool light_compare_by_type(const light &a, const light &b);

@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ bool *Lcl_unexpected_tstring_check = nullptr;
 // NOTE: with map storage of XSTR strings, the indexes no longer need to be contiguous,
 // but internal strings should still increment XSTR_SIZE to avoid collisions.
 // retail XSTR_SIZE = 1570
-// #define XSTR_SIZE	1842 // This is the next available ID
+// #define XSTR_SIZE	1817 // This is the next available ID


 // struct to allow for strings.tbl-determined x offset
@@ -152,7 +152,7 @@ auto LanguageOption = options::OptionBuilder<int>("Game.Language",
 							       return false; //This makes it so that changing the language requires a game restart
 							   })
 							   .flags({options::OptionFlags::ForceMultiValueSelection})
-							   .category(std::make_pair("Game", 1824))
+							   .category("Game")
 							   .default_val(0)
 							   .finish();

@@ -42,58 +42,8 @@
 #define toggle_bit(array, bitnum)		(((ubyte *) array)[(bitnum) >> 3] ^= (1 << ((bitnum) & 7)))


-// calculates number of bytes from number of bits
+// calculate number of bytes from number of bits
 #define calculate_num_bytes(num_bits)	((num_bits >> 3) + 1)

-// zeroes out all bits in the bit array
-#define clear_all_bits(array, num_bits)	memset(array, 0, calculate_num_bytes(num_bits))
-
-// tests whether any bit in this bit array is nonzero
-template <class N_TYPE>
-bool any_bits_set(void *array, N_TYPE num_bits)
-{
-	auto bytes = static_cast<ubyte*>(array);
-	N_TYPE num_bytes = calculate_num_bytes(num_bits);
-	for (N_TYPE i = 0; i < num_bytes; ++i)
-		if (bytes[i] != 0)
-			return true;
-	return false;
-}
-
-// copies a bit array into an int so that they contain equivalent values, up to the capacity of the int type
-template <class N_TYPE>
-int bit_array_as_int(void *array, N_TYPE num_bits)
-{
-	int rval = 0;
-
-	auto bytes = static_cast<ubyte*>(array);
-	N_TYPE num_bytes = calculate_num_bytes(num_bits);
-	for (N_TYPE i = 0; i < num_bytes && i < sizeof(int); ++i)
-	{
-		rval = rval << 3;
-		rval |= bytes[i];
-	}
-
-	return rval;
-}
-
-// copies an int into a bit array so that they contain equivalent values; any bits in the bit array higher than the capacity of an int are zeroed out
-template <class N_TYPE>
-void bit_array_set_from_int(void *array, N_TYPE num_bits, int input)
-{
-	auto bytes = static_cast<ubyte*>(array);
-	N_TYPE num_bytes = calculate_num_bytes(num_bits);
-	for (N_TYPE i = 0; i < num_bytes; ++i)
-	{
-		if (i < sizeof(int))
-		{
-			bytes[i] = input & 255;
-			input = input >> 3;
-		}
-		else
-			bytes[i] = 0;
-	}
-}
-

 #endif	// _BIT_ARRAY_H
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@

 SCP_vector<Curve> Curves;

-int curve_get_by_name(const SCP_string& in_name) {
+int curve_get_by_name(SCP_string& in_name) {
 	for (int i = 0; i < (int)Curves.size(); i++) {
 		if (lcase_equal(Curves[i].name, in_name))
 			return i;
@@ -43,6 +43,6 @@ public :

 extern SCP_vector<Curve> Curves;

-extern int curve_get_by_name(const SCP_string& in_name);
+extern int curve_get_by_name(SCP_string& in_name);
 extern void curves_init();

@@ -22,13 +22,13 @@
 */
 float fl_roundoff(float x, int multiple)
 {
-	float half = multiple / 2.0f;
+	float half = (float) multiple / 2.0f;

 	if (x < 0)
 		half = -half;

 	x += half;
-	return i2fl((fl2i(x) / multiple) * multiple);
+	return (float) (((int) x / multiple) * multiple);
 }

 /**
@@ -30,19 +30,67 @@ inline bool fl_is_nan(float fl) {
 #define fl_sqrt(fl) sqrtf(fl)
 #define fl_isqrt(fl) (1.0f/sqrtf(fl))
 #define fl_abs(fl) fabsf(fl)
-#define i2fl(i) (static_cast<float>(i))
-#define fl2i(fl) (static_cast<int>(fl))
-#define fl2ir(fl) (static_cast<int>(fl + (((fl) < 0.0f) ? -0.5f : 0.5f)))
-#define f2fl(fx) (static_cast<float>(fx)/65536.0f)
-#define f2d(fx) (static_cast<double>(fx)/65536.0)
-#define fl2f(fl) (static_cast<int>((fl)*65536.0f))
+#define i2fl(i) ((float)(i))
+#define fl2i(fl) ((int)(fl))
+#define fl2ir(fl) ((int)(fl + ((fl < 0.0f) ? -0.5f : 0.5f)))
+#define flceil(fl) (int)ceil(fl)
+#define flfloor(fl) (int)floor(fl)
+#define f2fl(fx) ((float)(fx)/65536.0f)
+#define f2d(fx) (((double)(fx))/65536.0)
+#define fl2f(fl) (int)((fl)*65536.0f)
 #define fl_tan(fl) tanf(fl)

 // convert a measurement in degrees to radians
-#define fl_radians(fl)	(static_cast<float>((fl) * (PI / 180.0f)))
+#define fl_radians(fl)	((float)((fl) * (PI / 180.0f)))

 // convert a measurement in radians to degrees
-#define fl_degrees(fl)	(static_cast<float>((fl) * (180.0f / PI)))
+#define fl_degrees(fl)	((float)((fl) * (180.0f / PI)))
+
+// use this instead of:
+// for:  (int)floor(x+0.5f) use fl_round_2048(x)
+//       (int)ceil(x-0.5f)  use fl_round_2048(x)
+//       (int)floor(x-0.5f) use fl_round_2048(x-1.0f)
+//       (int)floor(x)      use fl_round_2048(x-0.5f)
+// for values in the range -2048 to 2048
+// use this instead of:
+// for:  (int)floor(x+0.5f) use fl_round_2048(x)
+//       (int)ceil(x-0.5f)  use fl_round_2048(x)
+//       (int)floor(x-0.5f) use fl_round_2048(x-1.0f)
+//       (int)floor(x)      use fl_round_2048(x-0.5f)
+// for values in the range -2048 to 2048
+
+/*
+extern const float *p_fl_magic;
+
+inline int fl_round_2048( float x )
+{
+	double tmp_quad;
+	tmp_quad = x + *p_fl_magic;
+	return *((int *)&tmp_quad);
+}
+
+inline float fl_sqrt( float x)
+{
+	float retval;
+
+	_asm fld x
+	_asm fsqrt
+	_asm fstp retval
+	
+	return retval;
+}
+
+float fl_isqrt( float x )
+{
+	float retval;
+
+	_asm fld x
+	_asm fsqrt
+	_asm fstp retval
+	
+	return 1.0f / retval;
+} 
+*/

 // sees if a floating point number is within a certain threshold (by default, epsilon) of zero
 inline bool fl_near_zero(float a, float e = std::numeric_limits<float>::epsilon())
@@ -639,7 +639,7 @@ void credits_init()

 	for (iter = Credit_text_parts.begin(); iter != Credit_text_parts.end(); ++iter)
 	{
-		gr_get_string_size(NULL, &temp_h, iter->c_str(), iter->length());
+		gr_get_string_size(NULL, &temp_h, iter->c_str(), (int)iter->length());

 		h = h + temp_h;
 	}
@@ -855,12 +855,12 @@ void credits_do_frame(float  /*frametime*/)
 				length = std::numeric_limits<size_t>::max();
 			}

-			gr_get_string_size(&width, &height, iter->c_str() + currentPos, length);
+			gr_get_string_size(&width, &height, iter->c_str() + currentPos, static_cast<int>(length));
 			// Check if the text part is actually visible
 			if (Credit_position + y_offset + height > 0.0f)
 			{
 				float x = static_cast<float>((gr_screen.clip_width_unscaled - width) / 2);
-				gr_string(x, Credit_position + y_offset, iter->c_str() + currentPos, GR_RESIZE_MENU, length);
+				gr_string(x, Credit_position + y_offset, iter->c_str() + currentPos, GR_RESIZE_MENU, static_cast<int>(length));
 			}

 			y_offset += height;
@@ -309,8 +309,6 @@ static int F1_text_done = 0;
 int Main_hall_help_stamp = -1;
 void main_hall_process_help_stuff();

-bool Main_hall_use_defaults = true;
-

 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 // VOICE RECORDING STUFF
@@ -2158,20 +2156,18 @@ void region_info_init(main_hall_defines &m)
 		m.regions.clear();
 	}
 	
-	if (Main_hall_use_defaults) {
-		main_hall_region defaults[] = {
-			main_hall_region(0,  0,  XSTR( "Exit FreeSpace 2", 353), EXIT_REGION, ""),
-			main_hall_region(1, 'B', XSTR( "Barracks - Manage your FreeSpace 2 pilots", 354), BARRACKS_REGION, ""),
-			main_hall_region(2, 'R', XSTR( "Ready room - Start or continue a campaign", 355), START_REGION, ""),
-			main_hall_region(3, 'T', XSTR( "Tech room - View specifications of FreeSpace 2 ships and weaponry", 356), TECH_ROOM_REGION, ""),
-			main_hall_region(4,  0,  XSTR( "Options - Change your FreeSpace 2 options", 357), OPTIONS_REGION, ""),
-			main_hall_region(5, 'C', XSTR( "Campaign Room - View all available campaigns", 358), CAMPAIGN_ROOM_REGION, ""),
-			main_hall_region(6, 'G', "Quick start", QUICK_START_REGION, "")
-		};
+	main_hall_region defaults[] = {
+		main_hall_region(0,  0,  XSTR( "Exit FreeSpace 2", 353), EXIT_REGION, ""),
+		main_hall_region(1, 'B', XSTR( "Barracks - Manage your FreeSpace 2 pilots", 354), BARRACKS_REGION, ""),
+		main_hall_region(2, 'R', XSTR( "Ready room - Start or continue a campaign", 355), START_REGION, ""),
+		main_hall_region(3, 'T', XSTR( "Tech room - View specifications of FreeSpace 2 ships and weaponry", 356), TECH_ROOM_REGION, ""),
+		main_hall_region(4,  0,  XSTR( "Options - Change your FreeSpace 2 options", 357), OPTIONS_REGION, ""),
+		main_hall_region(5, 'C', XSTR( "Campaign Room - View all available campaigns", 358), CAMPAIGN_ROOM_REGION, ""),
+		main_hall_region(6, 'G', "Quick start", QUICK_START_REGION, "")
+	};
 	
-		for (int idx = 0; idx < 7; idx++) {
-			m.regions.push_back(defaults[idx]);
-		}
+	for (int idx = 0; idx < 7; idx++) {
+		m.regions.push_back(defaults[idx]);
 	}
 	
 	// XSTR( "Multiplayer - Start or join a multiplayer game", 359)
@@ -2218,10 +2214,6 @@ void parse_main_hall_table(const char* filename)

 		reset_parse();

-		if (optional_string("$Base mainhalls on retail defaults:")) {
-			stuff_boolean(&Main_hall_use_defaults);
-		}
-
 		if (optional_string("$Num Resolutions:")) {
 			stuff_int(&num_resolutions);
 		}
@@ -29,8 +29,6 @@
 #include "missionui/missionscreencommon.h"
 #include "nebula/neb.h"
 #include "network/multi.h"
-#include "options/OptionsManager.h"
-#include "options/Option.h"
 #include "osapi/osregistry.h"
 #include "pilotfile/pilotfile.h"
 #include "popup/popup.h"
@@ -286,17 +284,6 @@ int Options_skills_text_coords[GR_NUM_RESOLUTIONS][4] = {
 	}
 };

-int Options_scp_string_coords[GR_NUM_RESOLUTIONS][2] = {
-	{
-		265, 18		// GR_640
-	},
-	{
-		465, 25		// GR_1024
-	}
-};
-
-std::pair<SCP_string, int> Options_scp_string_text = {"Press F3 to access additional options", 1831};
-

 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 // DETAIL LEVEL OPTIONS definitions  BEGIN
@@ -679,11 +666,6 @@ void options_cancel_exit()
 		Detail = Detail_original;
 	}

-	// We have to discard in game options here
-	if (Using_in_game_options) {
-		options::OptionsManager::instance()->discardChanges();
-	}
-
 	gameseq_post_event(GS_EVENT_PREVIOUS_STATE);
 }

@@ -708,68 +690,6 @@ void options_change_gamma(float delta)
 	sprintf(tmp_gamma_string, NOX("%.2f"), gamma);

 	os_config_write_string( NULL, NOX("GammaD3D"), tmp_gamma_string );
-
-	if (Using_in_game_options) {
-		const options::OptionBase* thisOpt = options::OptionsManager::instance()->getOptionByKey("Graphics.Gamma");
-		if (thisOpt != nullptr) {
-			auto val = thisOpt->getCurrentValueDescription();
-			SCP_string newVal = std::to_string(gamma);  // OptionsManager stores values as serialized strings
-			thisOpt->setValueDescription({val.display, newVal.c_str()});
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-void options_set_ingame_binary_option(SCP_string key, bool value)
-{
-	if (!Using_in_game_options) {
-		return;
-	}
-
-	const options::OptionBase* thisOpt = options::OptionsManager::instance()->getOptionByKey(key);
-	if (thisOpt != nullptr) {
-		auto val = thisOpt->getCurrentValueDescription();
-		SCP_string newVal = value ? "true" : "false";  // OptionsManager stores values as serialized strings
-		thisOpt->setValueDescription({val.display, newVal.c_str()});
-	}
-}
-
-void options_set_ingame_multi_option(SCP_string key, int value)
-{
-	if (!Using_in_game_options) {
-		return;
-	}
-
-	const options::OptionBase* thisOpt = options::OptionsManager::instance()->getOptionByKey(key);
-	if (thisOpt != nullptr) {
-		auto values = thisOpt->getValidValues();
-		thisOpt->setValueDescription(values[value]);
-	}
-}
-
-void options_set_ingame_range_option(SCP_string key, int value)
-{
-	if (!Using_in_game_options) {
-		return;
-	}
-
-	const options::OptionBase* thisOpt = options::OptionsManager::instance()->getOptionByKey(key);
-	if (thisOpt != nullptr) {
-		SCP_string newVal = std::to_string(value);  // OptionsManager stores values as serialized strings
-		thisOpt->setValueDescription({newVal.c_str(), newVal.c_str()});
-	}
-}
-
-void options_set_ingame_range_option(SCP_string key, float value)
-{
-	if (!Using_in_game_options) {
-		return;
-	}
-
-	const options::OptionBase* thisOpt = options::OptionsManager::instance()->getOptionByKey(key);
-	if (thisOpt != nullptr) {
-		SCP_string newVal = std::to_string(value);  // OptionsManager stores values as serialized strings
-		thisOpt->setValueDescription({newVal.c_str(), newVal.c_str()});
-	}
 }

 void options_button_pressed(int n)
@@ -820,7 +740,6 @@ void options_button_pressed(int n)

 			// BEGIN - detail level tab buttons

-			// Target View Rendering is currently not handled by in-game options, assumes "On"
 		case HUD_TARGETVIEW_RENDER_ON:
 			Detail.targetview_model = 1;
 			gamesnd_play_iface(InterfaceSounds::USER_SELECT);
@@ -831,7 +750,6 @@ void options_button_pressed(int n)
 			gamesnd_play_iface(InterfaceSounds::USER_SELECT);
 			break;

-			// Planets is currently not handled by in-game options, assumes "On"
 		case PLANETS_ON:
 			Detail.planets_suns = 1;
 			gamesnd_play_iface(InterfaceSounds::USER_SELECT);
@@ -842,7 +760,6 @@ void options_button_pressed(int n)
 			gamesnd_play_iface(InterfaceSounds::USER_SELECT);
 			break;

-			// Weapon extras is currently not handled by in-game options, assumes "On"
 		case WEAPON_EXTRAS_ON:
 			Detail.weapon_extras = 1;
 			gamesnd_play_iface(InterfaceSounds::USER_SELECT);
@@ -881,35 +798,29 @@ void options_button_pressed(int n)

 		case GAMMA_DOWN:
 			options_change_gamma(-0.05f);
-			// Gamma in-game change is handled in the above method
 			break;

 		case GAMMA_UP:
 			options_change_gamma(0.05f);
-			// Gamma in-game change is handled in the above method
 			break;

 		case BRIEF_VOICE_ON:
 			Briefing_voice_enabled = true;
-			options_set_ingame_binary_option("Audio.BriefingVoice", true);
 			gamesnd_play_iface(InterfaceSounds::USER_SELECT);
 			break;

 		case BRIEF_VOICE_OFF:
 			Briefing_voice_enabled = false;
-			options_set_ingame_binary_option("Audio.BriefingVoice", false);
 			gamesnd_play_iface(InterfaceSounds::USER_SELECT);
 			break;

 		case MOUSE_ON:
 			Use_mouse_to_fly = 1;
-			options_set_ingame_binary_option("Input.UseMouse", true);
 			gamesnd_play_iface(InterfaceSounds::USER_SELECT);
 			break;

 		case MOUSE_OFF:
 			Use_mouse_to_fly = 0;
-			options_set_ingame_binary_option("Input.UseMouse", false);
 			gamesnd_play_iface(InterfaceSounds::USER_SELECT);
 			break;
 	}
@@ -921,7 +832,6 @@ void options_sliders_update()
 	if (Options_sliders[gr_screen.res][OPT_SOUND_VOLUME_SLIDER].slider.pos != Sound_volume_int) {
 		Sound_volume_int = Options_sliders[gr_screen.res][OPT_SOUND_VOLUME_SLIDER].slider.pos;
 		snd_set_effects_volume((float) (Sound_volume_int) / 9.0f);
-		options_set_ingame_range_option("Audio.Effects", Master_sound_volume); // Volume options save the global float, not the range slider position
 		gamesnd_play_iface(InterfaceSounds::USER_SELECT);
 	}

@@ -929,7 +839,7 @@ void options_sliders_update()
 	if (Options_sliders[gr_screen.res][OPT_MUSIC_VOLUME_SLIDER].slider.pos != Music_volume_int) {
 		Music_volume_int = Options_sliders[gr_screen.res][OPT_MUSIC_VOLUME_SLIDER].slider.pos;
 		event_music_set_volume((float) (Music_volume_int) / 9.0f);
-		options_set_ingame_range_option("Audio.Music", Master_event_music_volume); // Volume options save the global float, not the range slider position
+
 		gamesnd_play_iface(InterfaceSounds::USER_SELECT);
 	}

@@ -937,48 +847,30 @@ void options_sliders_update()
 	if (Options_sliders[gr_screen.res][OPT_VOICE_VOLUME_SLIDER].slider.pos != Voice_volume_int) {
 		Voice_volume_int = Options_sliders[gr_screen.res][OPT_VOICE_VOLUME_SLIDER].slider.pos;
 		snd_set_voice_volume((float) (Voice_volume_int) / 9.0f);
-		options_set_ingame_range_option("Audio.Voice", Master_voice_volume); // Volume options save the global float, not the range slider position
 		options_play_voice_clip();
 	}

 	if (Mouse_sensitivity != Options_sliders[gr_screen.res][OPT_MOUSE_SENS_SLIDER].slider.pos) {
 		Mouse_sensitivity = Options_sliders[gr_screen.res][OPT_MOUSE_SENS_SLIDER].slider.pos;
-		options_set_ingame_range_option("Input.MouseSensitivity", Mouse_sensitivity);
 		gamesnd_play_iface(InterfaceSounds::USER_SELECT);
 	}

 	if (Joy_sensitivity != Options_sliders[gr_screen.res][OPT_JOY_SENS_SLIDER].slider.pos) {
 		Joy_sensitivity = Options_sliders[gr_screen.res][OPT_JOY_SENS_SLIDER].slider.pos;
-		options_set_ingame_range_option("Input.JoystickSensitivity", Joy_sensitivity);
 		gamesnd_play_iface(InterfaceSounds::USER_SELECT);
 	}

 	if (Joy_dead_zone_size != Options_sliders[gr_screen.res][OPT_JOY_DEADZONE_SLIDER].slider.pos * 5) {
 		Joy_dead_zone_size = Options_sliders[gr_screen.res][OPT_JOY_DEADZONE_SLIDER].slider.pos * 5;
-		options_set_ingame_range_option("Input.JoystickDeadZone", Joy_dead_zone_size);
 		gamesnd_play_iface(InterfaceSounds::USER_SELECT);
 	}

 	if (Game_skill_level != Options_sliders[gr_screen.res][OPT_SKILL_SLIDER].slider.pos) {
 		Game_skill_level = Options_sliders[gr_screen.res][OPT_SKILL_SLIDER].slider.pos;
-		options_set_ingame_range_option("Game.SkillLevel", Game_skill_level);
 		gamesnd_play_iface(InterfaceSounds::USER_SELECT);
 	}
 }

-void options_detail_sliders_in_game_update()
-{
-	// Save in-game options settings
-	options_set_ingame_multi_option("Graphics.Detail", Detail.detail_distance);
-	options_set_ingame_multi_option("Graphics.NebulaDetail", Detail.nebula_detail);
-	options_set_ingame_multi_option("Graphics.Texture", Detail.hardware_textures);
-	options_set_ingame_multi_option("Graphics.Particles", Detail.num_particles);
-	options_set_ingame_multi_option("Graphics.SmallDebris", Detail.num_small_debris);
-	options_set_ingame_multi_option("Graphics.ShieldEffects", Detail.shield_effects);
-	options_set_ingame_multi_option("Graphics.Stars", Detail.num_stars);
-	options_set_ingame_multi_option("Graphics.Lighting", Detail.lighting);
-}
-
 void options_accept()
 {
 	// apply the selected multiplayer options
@@ -991,15 +883,6 @@ void options_accept()
 		}
 	}

-	// We have to save in game options here
-	if (Using_in_game_options) {
-		// detail sliders are updated every frame but it's silly to run OptionsManager every frame, too
-		// so just set them on Accept and then persist.
-		options_detail_sliders_in_game_update();
-
-		options::OptionsManager::instance()->persistChanges();
-	}
-
 	// If music is zero volume, disable
 	if ( Master_event_music_volume <= 0.0f ) {
 //		event_music_disable();
@@ -1295,17 +1178,6 @@ void options_menu_do_frame(float  /*frametime*/)

 		case KEY_ENTER:			
 			break;
-
-		case KEY_F3: // SCP ingame options
-			if (Using_in_game_options) {
-				// Going into F3 Options needs to either discard or save the changes made here. 
-				// There's an argument to be made for both but I feel like saving is the better choice - Mjn
-				options::OptionsManager::instance()->persistChanges();
-
-				gamesnd_play_iface(InterfaceSounds::IFACE_MOUSE_CLICK);
-				gameseq_post_event(GS_EVENT_INGAME_OPTIONS);
-			}
-			break;
 	}	

 	for (i=0; i<NUM_BUTTONS; i++) {
@@ -1403,15 +1275,6 @@ void options_menu_do_frame(float  /*frametime*/)
 	if(Tab == MULTIPLAYER_TAB){
 		options_multi_vox_process_waveform();
 	}
-
-	// maybe blit the SCP Options string
-	if (Using_in_game_options) {
-		gr_set_color_fast(&Color_bright_blue);
-		gr_string(Options_scp_string_coords[gr_screen.res][OPTIONS_X_COORD],
-			Options_scp_string_coords[gr_screen.res][OPTIONS_Y_COORD],
-			XSTR(Options_scp_string_text.first.c_str(), Options_scp_string_text.second),
-			GR_RESIZE_MENU);
-	}
 	
 	gr_flip();
 }
@@ -39,9 +39,6 @@ void options_menu_init();
 void options_menu_close();
 void options_menu_do_frame(float frametime);

-// For optionsmenumulti.cpp
-void options_set_ingame_binary_option(SCP_string key, bool value);
-
 // kill the options menu
 void options_cancel_exit();

@@ -1005,10 +1005,8 @@ void options_multi_protocol_button_pressed(int n)

 		if(!Om_local_broadcast){			
 			Om_local_broadcast = 1;
-			options_set_ingame_binary_option("Multi.LocalBroadcast", true);
 		} else {
 			Om_local_broadcast = 0;
-			options_set_ingame_binary_option("Multi.LocalBroadcast", false);
 		}

 		gamesnd_play_iface(InterfaceSounds::USER_SELECT);
@@ -1050,12 +1048,10 @@ void options_multi_protocol_button_pressed(int n)
 			Om_tracker_login.enable();
 			Om_tracker_passwd.enable();
 			Om_tracker_squad_name.enable();
-			options_set_ingame_binary_option("Multi.TogglePXO", true);
 		} else {
 			Om_tracker_login.disable();
 			Om_tracker_passwd.disable();
 			Om_tracker_squad_name.disable();
-			options_set_ingame_binary_option("Multi.TogglePXO", false);
 		}

 		// play a sound
@@ -1543,7 +1539,6 @@ void options_multi_gen_button_pressed(int n)
 		if(!Om_gen_xfer_multidata){
 			gamesnd_play_iface(InterfaceSounds::USER_SELECT);
 			Om_gen_xfer_multidata = 1;
-			options_set_ingame_binary_option("Multi.TransferMissions", true);
 		} else {
 			gamesnd_play_iface(InterfaceSounds::GENERAL_FAIL);
 		}
@@ -1554,7 +1549,6 @@ void options_multi_gen_button_pressed(int n)
 		if(Om_gen_xfer_multidata){
 			gamesnd_play_iface(InterfaceSounds::USER_SELECT);
 			Om_gen_xfer_multidata = 0;
-			options_set_ingame_binary_option("Multi.TransferMissions", false);
 		} else {
 			gamesnd_play_iface(InterfaceSounds::GENERAL_FAIL);
 		}
@@ -1565,7 +1559,6 @@ void options_multi_gen_button_pressed(int n)
 		if(!Om_gen_flush_cache){
 			gamesnd_play_iface(InterfaceSounds::USER_SELECT);
 			Om_gen_flush_cache = 1;
-			options_set_ingame_binary_option("Multi.FlushCache", true);
 		} else {
 			gamesnd_play_iface(InterfaceSounds::GENERAL_FAIL);
 		}
@@ -1576,7 +1569,6 @@ void options_multi_gen_button_pressed(int n)
 		if(Om_gen_flush_cache){
 			gamesnd_play_iface(InterfaceSounds::USER_SELECT);
 			Om_gen_flush_cache = 0;
-			options_set_ingame_binary_option("Multi.FlushCache", false);
 		} else {
 			gamesnd_play_iface(InterfaceSounds::GENERAL_FAIL);
 		}
@@ -335,7 +335,7 @@ void techroom_select_new_entry()
 		if (Techroom_model_instance >= 0) {
 			model_delete_instance(Techroom_model_instance);
 		}
-		Techroom_model_instance = model_create_instance(model_objnum_special::OBJNUM_NONE, Techroom_modelnum);
+		Techroom_model_instance = model_create_instance(-1, Techroom_modelnum);

 		model_set_up_techroom_instance(sip, Techroom_model_instance);

@@ -396,7 +396,7 @@ void techroom_select_new_entry()
 					if (Techroom_model_instance >= 0) {
 						model_delete_instance(Techroom_model_instance);
 					}
-					Techroom_model_instance = model_create_instance(model_objnum_special::OBJNUM_NONE, Techroom_modelnum);
+					Techroom_model_instance = model_create_instance(-1, Techroom_modelnum);

 					// If this ends up being needed for weapon models, a weapon version
 					// of this method will need to be created. Should only be necessary
@@ -130,12 +130,11 @@ bool Briefing_voice_enabled = true; // flag which turn on/off voice playback of
 static auto BriefingVoiceOption __UNUSED = options::OptionBuilder<bool>("Audio.BriefingVoice",
                     std::pair<const char*, int>{"Briefing voice", 1368},
                     std::pair<const char*, int>{"Enable or disable voice playback in the briefing", 1716})
-                     .category(std::make_pair("Audio", 1826))
+                     .category("Audio")
                     .level(options::ExpertLevel::Beginner)
                     .default_val(true)
                     .bind_to(&Briefing_voice_enabled)
                     .importance(4)
-                     .flags({options::OptionFlags::RetailBuiltinOption})
                     .finish();

 // --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -49,18 +49,18 @@ static int Key_sets[MAX_KEYED_TARGETS] = {

 static int Hotkey_bits[MAX_SHIPS];  // bitfield indicating which hotkeys are used by each ship

-static bool Hotkey_sets_saved;			// have we saved the sets for this mission
+static int Hotkey_sets_saved;			// have we saved the sets for this mission

-static TIMESTAMP Mission_hotkey_save_timestamp;					// timestamp used to tell us when we can save
-constexpr int HOTKEY_SAVE_TIME = 15 * MILLISECONDS_PER_SECOND;	// save sets this number of milliseconds into the mission
+static int Mission_hotkey_save_timestamp;		// timestamp used to tell us when we can save
+#define HOTKEY_SAVE_TIME				15000		// save sets this number of milliseconds into the mission

 typedef struct {
 	int setnum;
 	char name[NAME_LENGTH];
 } HK_save_info;

-static HK_save_info Hotkey_saved_info[MAX_HOTKEY_TARGET_ITEMS];
-static int Num_hotkeys_saved;
+HK_save_info Hotkey_saved_info[MAX_HOTKEY_TARGET_ITEMS];
+int Num_hotkeys_saved;


 static const char *Hotkey_background_fname[GR_NUM_RESOLUTIONS] = {
@@ -317,8 +317,8 @@ void mission_hotkey_set_defaults(bool restore)
 	}

 	// set the variable letting us know that we should save the hotkey sets
-	Hotkey_sets_saved = false;
-	Mission_hotkey_save_timestamp = _timestamp(HOTKEY_SAVE_TIME);
+	Hotkey_sets_saved = 0;
+	Mission_hotkey_save_timestamp = timestamp(HOTKEY_SAVE_TIME);

 	// if we have hotkeys saved from the previous run of this mission, then simply keep the cleared
 	// sets, and let the restore code take care of it!  This works because this function is currently
@@ -425,7 +425,7 @@ void mission_hotkey_maybe_save_sets()
 		}
 	}

-	Hotkey_sets_saved = true;
+	Hotkey_sets_saved = 1;
 }

 // function which gets called from MissionParse to maybe add a ship or wing to a hotkey set.
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ int Num_messages_playing;						// number of is a message currently playing?
 pmessage Playing_messages[MAX_PLAYING_MESSAGES];

 int Message_shipnum;						// ship number of who is sending message to player -- used outside this module
-static TIMESTAMP Message_expire;			// timestamp to extend the duration of message brackets when not using voice files
+int Message_expire;							// timestamp to extend the duration of message brackets when not using voice files

 // variables to control message queuing.  All new messages to the player are queued.  The array
 // will be ordered by priority, then time submitted.
@@ -1708,7 +1708,7 @@ void message_queue_process()
 	// translate tokens in message to the real things
 	buf = message_translate_tokens(q->special_message ? q->special_message.get() : m->message);

-	Message_expire = _timestamp(static_cast<int>(42 * buf.size()));
+	Message_expire = timestamp(static_cast<int>(42 * buf.size()));

 	// play wave first, since need to know duration for picking anim start frame
 	if(message_play_wave(q) == false) {
@@ -36,7 +36,6 @@
 #include "lighting/lighting.h"
 #include "lighting/lighting_profiles.h"
 #include "localization/localize.h"
-#include "math/bitarray.h"
 #include "math/fvi.h"
 #include "math/staticrand.h"
 #include "mission/missionbriefcommon.h"
@@ -163,7 +162,8 @@ p_object *Player_start_pobject;

 // name of all ships to use while parsing a mission (since a ship might be referenced by
 // something before that ship has even been loaded yet)
-SCP_vector<SCP_string> Parse_names;
+char Parse_names[MAX_SHIPS + MAX_WINGS][NAME_LENGTH];
+size_t Num_parse_names;

 SCP_vector<texture_replace> Fred_texture_replacements;

@@ -486,16 +486,6 @@ const std::shared_ptr<scripting::Hook<scripting::hooks::ShipDepartConditions>> O
 const std::shared_ptr<scripting::Hook<>> OnLoadoutAboutToParseHook = scripting::Hook<>::Factory("On Loadout About To Parse",
 	"Called during mission load just before parsing the team loadout.",{});

-mission_custom_string* get_custom_string_by_name(SCP_string name) {
-	for (size_t i = 0; i < The_mission.custom_strings.size(); i++) {
-		if (The_mission.custom_strings[i].name == name) {
-			return &The_mission.custom_strings[i];
-		}
-	}
-
-	return nullptr;
-}
-
 // Goober5000
 void parse_custom_bitmap(const char *expected_string_640, const char *expected_string_1024, char *string_field_640, char *string_field_1024)
 {
@@ -2939,7 +2929,7 @@ int parse_object(mission *pm, int  /*flag*/, p_object *p_objp)

 	required_string("$Name:");
 	stuff_string(p_objp->name, F_NAME, NAME_LENGTH);
-	if (mission_parse_find_parse_object(p_objp->name))
+	if (mission_parse_get_parse_object(p_objp->name))
 		error_display(0, NOX("Redundant ship name: %s\n"), p_objp->name);

 	// if this name has a hash, create a default display name
@@ -3724,7 +3714,7 @@ void parse_common_object_data(p_object *p_objp)
 		if (optional_string("+Cargo Name:")) {
 			char cargo_name[NAME_LENGTH];
 			stuff_string(cargo_name, F_NAME, NAME_LENGTH);
-			int index = string_lookup(cargo_name, Cargo_names, Num_cargo, "cargo", false);
+			int index = string_lookup(cargo_name, Cargo_names, Num_cargo, "cargo", 0);
 			if (index == -1) {
 				if (Num_cargo < MAX_CARGO) {
 					index = Num_cargo;
@@ -4054,8 +4044,21 @@ void swap_parse_object(p_object *p_obj, int new_ship_class)
 	}
 }

-// Goober5000 - this needs to search the vector instead of using the registry, because it can be used during parsing before the registry is populated
-p_object *mission_parse_find_parse_object(const char *name)
+p_object *mission_parse_get_parse_object(ushort net_signature)
+{
+	SCP_vector<p_object>::iterator ii;
+
+	// look for original ships
+	for (ii = Parse_objects.begin(); ii != Parse_objects.end(); ++ii)
+		if (ii->net_signature == net_signature)
+			return &(*ii);
+
+	// boo
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+// Goober5000 - also get it by name
+p_object *mission_parse_get_parse_object(const char *name)
 {
 	SCP_vector<p_object>::iterator ii;

@@ -4125,17 +4128,21 @@ int parse_wing_create_ships( wing *wingp, int num_to_create, bool force_create,
 		// if wing is coming from docking bay, then be sure that ship we are arriving from actually exists
 		// (or will exist).
 		if ( wingp->arrival_location == ARRIVE_FROM_DOCK_BAY ) {
-			Assert( wingp->arrival_anchor >= 0 );
-			auto anchor_ship_entry = ship_registry_get(Parse_names[wingp->arrival_anchor]);
+			int shipnum;
+			char *name;

-			// see if ship is yet to arrive.  If so, then return 0 so we can evaluate again later.
-			if (!anchor_ship_entry || anchor_ship_entry->status == ShipStatus::NOT_YET_PRESENT)
-				return 0;
+			Assert( wingp->arrival_anchor >= 0 );
+			name = Parse_names[wingp->arrival_anchor];

 			// see if ship is in mission.
-			if (!anchor_ship_entry->has_shipp()) {
+			shipnum = ship_name_lookup( name );
+			if ( shipnum == -1 ) {
 				int num_remaining;

+				// see if ship is yet to arrive.  If so, then return 0 so we can evaluate again later.
+				if (mission_check_ship_yet_to_arrive(name))
+					return 0;
+
 				// since this wing cannot arrive from this place, we need to mark the wing as destroyed and
 				// set the wing variables appropriately.  Good for directives.

@@ -4148,24 +4155,21 @@ int parse_wing_create_ships( wing *wingp, int num_to_create, bool force_create,
 				wingp->total_arrived_count += num_remaining;
 				wingp->current_wave = wingp->num_waves;

-				if ( mission_log_get_time(LOG_SHIP_DESTROYED, anchor_ship_entry->name, nullptr, nullptr) || mission_log_get_time(LOG_SELF_DESTRUCTED, anchor_ship_entry->name, nullptr, nullptr) ) {
+				if ( mission_log_get_time(LOG_SHIP_DESTROYED, name, NULL, NULL) || mission_log_get_time(LOG_SELF_DESTRUCTED, name, NULL, NULL) ) {
 					wingp->total_destroyed += num_remaining;
-				} else if ( mission_log_get_time(LOG_SHIP_DEPARTED, anchor_ship_entry->name, nullptr, nullptr) ) {
+				} else if ( mission_log_get_time(LOG_SHIP_DEPARTED, name, NULL, NULL) ) {
 					wingp->total_departed += num_remaining;
 				} else {
 					wingp->total_vanished += num_remaining;
 				}

 				mission_parse_mark_non_arrival(wingp);	// Goober5000
-				WarningEx(LOCATION, "Warning: Wing %s cannot arrive from docking bay of destroyed or departed %s.\n", wingp->name, anchor_ship_entry->name);
 				return 0;
 			}

 			// Goober5000 - check status of fighterbays - if they're destroyed, we can't launch - but we want to reeval later
-			if (ship_fighterbays_all_destroyed(anchor_ship_entry->shipp())) {
-				WarningEx(LOCATION, "Warning: Wing %s cannot arrive from destroyed docking bay of %s.\n", wingp->name, anchor_ship_entry->name);
+			if (ship_fighterbays_all_destroyed(&Ships[shipnum]))
 				return 0;
-			}
 		}

 		if ( num_to_create == 0 )
@@ -4868,8 +4872,7 @@ void resolve_path_masks(int anchor, int *path_mask)

 		// get anchor ship
 		Assert(!(anchor & SPECIAL_ARRIVAL_ANCHOR_FLAG));
-		auto parent_ship_entry = ship_registry_get(Parse_names[anchor]);
-		parent_pobjp = parent_ship_entry->p_objp();
+		parent_pobjp = mission_parse_get_parse_object(Parse_names[anchor]);

 		// Load the anchor ship model with subsystems and all; it'll need to be done for this mission anyway
 		ship_info *sip = &Ship_info[parent_pobjp->ship_class];
@@ -4953,17 +4956,6 @@ void post_process_ships_wings()
 		}
 	}

-	// Goober5000 - add all the parse objects to the ship registry.  This must be done before any other parse object processing.
-	for (auto &p_obj : Parse_objects)
-	{
-		ship_registry_entry entry(p_obj.name);
-		entry.status = ShipStatus::NOT_YET_PRESENT;
-		entry.pobj_num = POBJ_INDEX(&p_obj);
-
-		Ship_registry.push_back(entry);
-		Ship_registry_map[p_obj.name] = static_cast<int>(Ship_registry.size() - 1);
-	}
-
 	// Goober5000 - resolve the path masks.  Needs to be done early because
 	// mission_parse_maybe_create_parse_object relies on it.
 	post_process_path_stuff();
@@ -4973,9 +4965,18 @@ void post_process_ships_wings()
 	// both ships and wings have been parsed.
 	mission_parse_set_up_initial_docks();

-	// Goober5000 - Now do any post-processing for parse objects.
+	// Goober5000 - now add all the parse objects to the ship registry.  This must be done before
+	// any ships are created from the parse objects.
+	// Might as well do any post-processing for parse objects here too.
 	for (auto &p_obj : Parse_objects)
 	{
+		ship_registry_entry entry(p_obj.name);
+		entry.status = ShipStatus::NOT_YET_PRESENT;
+		entry.pobj_num = POBJ_INDEX(&p_obj);
+
+		Ship_registry.push_back(entry);
+		Ship_registry_map[p_obj.name] = static_cast<int>(Ship_registry.size() - 1);
+
 		// set a flag if this parse object is in a starting wing
 		if (p_obj.wingnum >= 0)
 		{
@@ -5493,7 +5494,7 @@ void parse_reinforcement(mission *pm)
 	}	

 	// sanity check on the names of reinforcements
-	rforce_obj = mission_parse_find_parse_object(ptr->name);
+	rforce_obj = mission_parse_get_parse_object(ptr->name);

 	if (rforce_obj == NULL) {
 		if ((instance = wing_name_lookup(ptr->name, 1)) == -1) {
@@ -5663,7 +5664,7 @@ void parse_bitmaps(mission *pm)

 	// all poofs on by default
 	for (size_t i = 0; i < Poof_info.size(); i++)
-		set_bit(Neb2_poof_flags.get(), i);
+		Neb2_poof_flags += (1 << i);
 	bool nebula = false;
 	if (optional_string("+Neb2:")) {
 		nebula = true;
@@ -5681,9 +5682,7 @@ void parse_bitmaps(mission *pm)
 	if (nebula) {
 		// Obsolete and only for backwards compatibility
 		if (optional_string("+Neb2Flags:")) {
-			int temp;
-			stuff_int(&temp);
-			bit_array_set_from_int(Neb2_poof_flags.get(), Poof_info.size(), temp);
+			stuff_int(&Neb2_poof_flags);
 		}

 		// Get poofs by name
@@ -6276,10 +6275,9 @@ bool post_process_mission(mission *pm)
 	post_process_ships_wings();

 	// the player_start_shipname had better exist at this point!
-	auto player_start_entry = ship_registry_get(Player_start_shipname);
-	Player_start_shipnum = player_start_entry->shipnum;
+	Player_start_shipnum = ship_name_lookup( Player_start_shipname );
 	Assert( Player_start_shipnum != -1 );
-	Player_start_pobject = player_start_entry->p_objp();
+	Player_start_pobject = mission_parse_get_parse_object( Player_start_shipname );
 	Assert( Player_start_pobject != NULL );

 	// Assign objnum, shipnum, etc. to the player structure
@@ -6329,13 +6327,10 @@ bool post_process_mission(mission *pm)

 	// convert all ship name indices to ship indices now that mission has been loaded
 	if (Fred_running) {
-		i = 0;
-		for (const auto &parse_name: Parse_names) {
-			auto ship_entry = ship_registry_get(parse_name);
-			indices[i] = ship_entry ? ship_entry->shipnum : -1;
+		for (i=0; i<(int)Num_parse_names; i++) {
+			indices[i] = ship_name_lookup(Parse_names[i], 1);
 			if (indices[i] < 0)
-				Warning(LOCATION, "Ship name \"%s\" referenced, but this ship doesn't exist", parse_name.c_str());
-			i++;
+				Warning(LOCATION, "Ship name \"%s\" referenced, but this ship doesn't exist", Parse_names[i]);
 		}

 		for (i=0; i<MAX_SHIPS; i++) {
@@ -6694,6 +6689,7 @@ void mission_init(mission *pm)
 	mission_parse_reset_callsign();
 	ai_lua_reset_general_orders();

+	Num_parse_names = 0;
 	Num_path_restrictions = 0;
 	Num_ai_dock_names = 0;
 	ai_clear_goal_target_names();
@@ -7098,17 +7094,18 @@ void mission_parse_set_up_initial_docks()
 	// build trees
 	for (i = 0; i < Total_initially_docked; i++)
 	{
+		char *docker_point, *dockee_point;
+		p_object *docker, *dockee;
+
 		// resolve the docker and dockee
-		auto docker_entry = ship_registry_get(Initially_docked[i].docker);
-		auto docker = docker_entry ? docker_entry->p_objp_or_null() : nullptr;
-		if (docker == nullptr)
+		docker = mission_parse_get_parse_object(Initially_docked[i].docker);
+		if (docker == NULL)
 		{
 			Warning(LOCATION, "Could not resolve initially docked object '%s'!", Initially_docked[i].docker);
 			continue;
 		}
-		auto dockee_entry = ship_registry_get(Initially_docked[i].dockee);
-		auto dockee = dockee_entry ? dockee_entry->p_objp_or_null() : nullptr;
-		if (dockee == nullptr)
+		dockee = mission_parse_get_parse_object(Initially_docked[i].dockee);
+		if (dockee == NULL)
 		{
 			Warning(LOCATION, "Could not resolve docking target '%s' of initially docked object '%s'!", Initially_docked[i].dockee, Initially_docked[i].docker);
 			continue;
@@ -7121,8 +7118,8 @@ void mission_parse_set_up_initial_docks()
 			continue;

 		// resolve the dockpoints
-		auto docker_point = Initially_docked[i].docker_point;
-		auto dockee_point = Initially_docked[i].dockee_point;
+		docker_point = Initially_docked[i].docker_point;
+		dockee_point = Initially_docked[i].dockee_point;

 		// docker point in use?
 		if (dock_find_object_at_dockpoint(docker, docker_point) != NULL)
@@ -7359,8 +7356,7 @@ int mission_set_arrival_location(int anchor, int location, int dist, int objnum,
 	// ship name lookup on the anchor
 	else
 	{
-		auto anchor_entry = ship_registry_get(Parse_names[anchor]);
-		shipnum = anchor_entry ? anchor_entry->shipnum : -1;
+		shipnum = ship_name_lookup(Parse_names[anchor]);
 	}

 	// if we didn't get an object from one of the above functions, then make the object
@@ -7543,23 +7539,27 @@ int mission_did_ship_arrive(p_object *objp, bool force_arrival)
 		// check to see if this ship is to arrive via a docking bay.  If so, and the ship to arrive from
 		// doesn't exist, don't create.
 		if ( objp->arrival_location == ARRIVE_FROM_DOCK_BAY ) {
+			int shipnum;
+			char *name;
+
 			Assert( objp->arrival_anchor >= 0 );
-			auto anchor_ship_entry = ship_registry_get(Parse_names[objp->arrival_anchor]);
-
-			// see if ship is yet to arrive.  If so, then return -1 so we can evaluate again later.
-			if (!anchor_ship_entry || anchor_ship_entry->status == ShipStatus::NOT_YET_PRESENT)
-				return -1;
-
+			name = Parse_names[objp->arrival_anchor];
+	
 			// see if ship is in mission.
-			if (!anchor_ship_entry->has_shipp()) {
+			shipnum = ship_name_lookup( name );
+			if ( shipnum == -1 ) {
+				// see if ship is yet to arrive.  If so, then return -1 so we can evaluate again later.
+				if (mission_check_ship_yet_to_arrive(name))
+					return -1;
+
 				mission_parse_mark_non_arrival(objp);	// Goober5000
-				WarningEx(LOCATION, "Warning: Ship %s cannot arrive from docking bay of destroyed or departed %s.\n", objp->name, anchor_ship_entry->name);
+				WarningEx(LOCATION, "Warning: Ship %s cannot arrive from docking bay of destroyed or departed %s.\n", objp->name, name);
 				return -1;
 			}

-			// Goober5000 - check status of fighterbays - if they're destroyed, we can't launch - but we want to reeval later
-			if (ship_fighterbays_all_destroyed(anchor_ship_entry->shipp())) {
-				WarningEx(LOCATION, "Warning: Ship %s cannot arrive from destroyed docking bay of %s.\n", objp->name, anchor_ship_entry->name);
+			// Goober5000: aha - also don't create if fighterbay is destroyed
+			if (ship_fighterbays_all_destroyed(&Ships[shipnum])) {
+				WarningEx(LOCATION, "Warning: Ship %s cannot arrive from destroyed docking bay of %s.\n", objp->name, name);
 				return -1;
 			}
 		}
@@ -7949,33 +7949,37 @@ int mission_do_departure(object *objp, bool goal_is_to_warp)
 	// just make it warp out like anything else.
 	if (location == DEPART_AT_DOCK_BAY)
 	{
+		int anchor_shipnum;
+		char *name;
+
 		Assert(anchor >= 0);
-		auto anchor_ship_entry = ship_registry_get(Parse_names[anchor]);
+		name = Parse_names[anchor];

 		// see if ship is yet to arrive.  If so, then warp.
-		if (!anchor_ship_entry || anchor_ship_entry->status == ShipStatus::NOT_YET_PRESENT)
+		if (mission_check_ship_yet_to_arrive(name))
 		{
-			mprintf(("Anchor ship %s hasn't arrived yet!  Trying to warp...\n", Parse_names[anchor].c_str()));
+			mprintf(("Anchor ship %s hasn't arrived yet!  Trying to warp...\n", name));
 			goto try_to_warp;
 		}

 		// see if ship is in mission.  If not, then we can assume it was destroyed or departed since
 		// it is not on the arrival list (as shown by above if statement).
-		if (!anchor_ship_entry->has_shipp())
+		anchor_shipnum = ship_name_lookup(name);
+		if (anchor_shipnum < 0)
 		{
-			mprintf(("Anchor ship %s not found!  Trying to warp...\n", anchor_ship_entry->name));
+			mprintf(("Anchor ship %s not found!  Trying to warp...\n", name));
 			goto try_to_warp;
 		}

 		// see if we can actually depart to the ship
-		if (!ship_useful_for_departure(anchor_ship_entry->shipnum, shipp->departure_path_mask))
+		if (!ship_useful_for_departure(anchor_shipnum, shipp->departure_path_mask))
 		{
-			mprintf(("Anchor ship %s not suitable for departure (dying, departing, bays destroyed, etc.).  Trying to warp...\n", anchor_ship_entry->name));
+			mprintf(("Anchor ship %s not suitable for departure (dying, departing, bays destroyed, etc.).  Trying to warp...\n", name));
 			goto try_to_warp;
 		}

 		// find a path
-		if (ai_acquire_depart_path(objp, anchor_ship_entry->objnum, path_mask) >= 0)
+		if (ai_acquire_depart_path(objp, Ships[anchor_shipnum].objnum, path_mask) >= 0)
 		{
 			MONITOR_INC(NumShipDepartures,1);

@@ -8232,15 +8236,16 @@ subsys_status *parse_get_subsys_status(p_object *pobjp, const char *subsys_name)
 // find (or add) the name in the list and return an index to it.
 int get_parse_name_index(const char *name)
 {
-	int i, count = static_cast<int>(Parse_names.size());
+	int i;

-	for (i=0; i<count; ++i)
-		if (!stricmp(name, Parse_names[i].c_str()))
+	for (i=0; i<(int)Num_parse_names; i++)
+		if (!stricmp(name, Parse_names[i]))
 			return i;

+	Assert(i < MAX_SHIPS + MAX_WINGS);
 	Assert(strlen(name) < NAME_LENGTH);
-	Parse_names.push_back(name);
-	return i;
+	strcpy_s(Parse_names[i], name);
+	return (int)Num_parse_names++;
 }

 // Goober5000
@@ -453,8 +453,6 @@ typedef struct team_data {
 #define MAX_SHIP_LIST	16

 extern team_data Team_data[MAX_TVT_TEAMS];
-extern int Num_teams;
-
 extern subsys_status *Subsys_status;
 extern int Subsys_index;

@@ -463,7 +461,9 @@ extern matrix Parse_viewer_orient;

 extern fix Mission_end_time;

-extern SCP_vector<SCP_string> Parse_names;
+extern char Parse_names[MAX_SHIPS + MAX_WINGS][NAME_LENGTH];
+extern size_t Num_parse_names;
+extern int Num_teams;

 extern char			Player_start_shipname[NAME_LENGTH];
 extern int			Player_start_shipnum;
@@ -483,7 +483,8 @@ bool parse_main(const char *mission_name, int flags = 0);
 p_object *mission_parse_get_arrival_ship(ushort net_signature);
 p_object *mission_parse_get_arrival_ship(const char *name);
 bool mission_check_ship_yet_to_arrive(const char *name);
-p_object *mission_parse_find_parse_object(const char *name);
+p_object *mission_parse_get_parse_object(ushort net_signature);
+p_object *mission_parse_get_parse_object(const char *name);
 int parse_create_object(p_object *objp, bool standalone_ship = false);
 void resolve_parse_flags(object *objp, flagset<Mission::Parse_Object_Flags> &parse_flags);

@@ -553,8 +554,6 @@ void clear_texture_replacements();
 // Goober5000
 subsys_status *parse_get_subsys_status(p_object *pobjp, const char *subsys_name);

-// MjnMixael
-mission_custom_string* get_custom_string_by_name(SCP_string name);

 #endif

@@ -187,7 +187,7 @@ void HudGaugeDirectives::initBitmaps(char *fname_top, char *fname_middle, char *
 	}
 }

-bool HudGaugeDirectives::canRender() const
+bool HudGaugeDirectives::canRender()
 {
 	if (sexp_override) {
 		return false;
@@ -1050,7 +1050,7 @@ HudGauge(HUD_OBJECT_TRAINING_MESSAGES, HUD_DIRECTIVES_VIEW, false, true, VM_EXTE
 {
 }

-bool HudGaugeTrainingMessages::canRender() const
+bool HudGaugeTrainingMessages::canRender()
 {
 	if (hud_disabled() && !hud_disabled_except_messages()) {
 		return false;
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ public:
 	void initKeyLineXOffset(int offset);
 	void render(float frametime) override;
 	void pageIn() override;
-	bool canRender() const override;
+	bool canRender() override;
 };

 class HudGaugeTrainingMessages: public HudGauge
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ public:
 	HudGaugeTrainingMessages();
 	void render(float frametime) override;
 	void pageIn() override;
-	bool canRender() const override;
+	bool canRender() override;
 };

 #endif /* __MISSIONTRAINING_H__ */
@@ -230,7 +230,8 @@ int Chat_scroll_down_coord[2];
 // what chars other than letters and number's we'll toss
 #define CHATBOX_INVALID_CHARS				NOX("~`")			// this is primarily so that we don't interfere with the voice recording keys

-// common defines and 
+// common defines and data
+#define CHATBOX_STRING_LEN					(CALLSIGN_LEN + CHATBOX_MAX_LEN + 32)
 UI_WINDOW	Chat_window;
 UI_INPUTBOX	Chat_inputbox;
 UI_BUTTON Chat_enter_text;
@@ -274,12 +275,17 @@ int Chatbox_created = 0;
 ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 // Chat window text
 ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+#define MAX_BRIEF_CHAT_LINES 60   // how many lines we can store in the scrollback buffer
 #define BRIEF_DISPLAY_SPACING 2   // pixel spacing between chat lines

-// the first byte of the text string will be the net player id of the
-SCP_list<brief_chat> Brief_chat;
+// the first byte of the text string will be the net player id of the 
+char Brief_chat_lines[MAX_BRIEF_CHAT_LINES][CHATBOX_STRING_LEN];
+int Brief_chat_indents[MAX_BRIEF_CHAT_LINES];

-// the index of the chat line we will start rendering at
+int Brief_chat_next_index[MAX_BRIEF_CHAT_LINES];
+int Brief_chat_prev_index[MAX_BRIEF_CHAT_LINES];
+int Num_brief_chat_lines;
+int Brief_current_add_line;
 int Brief_start_display_index;

 // chatbox line recall data
@@ -298,6 +304,7 @@ void chatbox_set_mode(int mode_flags);
 void chatbox_toggle_size();
 void chatbox_toggle_size_adjust_lines();
 void chat_autosplit_line(char *msg,char *remainder);
+int chatbox_num_displayed_lines();
 void chatbox_recall_add(char *string);
 void chatbox_recall_up();
 void chatbox_recall_down();
@@ -659,9 +666,11 @@ void chatbox_clear()
 {
 	// only do this if we have valid data
 	if(Chatbox_created){
-		// clear all chat data	
-		Brief_chat.clear();
+		// clear all chat data
+		memset(Brief_chat_lines,0,(MAX_BRIEF_CHAT_LINES * (CHATBOX_MAX_LEN + 2)));		
 		Brief_start_display_index=0;
+		Num_brief_chat_lines=0;
+		Brief_current_add_line=0;

 		// clear all line recall data
 		Chatbox_recall_count = 0;
@@ -699,11 +708,15 @@ void chatbox_render()
 // try and scroll the chatbox up. return 0 or 1 on fail or success
 int chatbox_scroll_up()
 {	
-	if (static_cast<int>(Brief_chat.size()) > Chatbox_max_lines) {
-		if (Brief_start_display_index > 0) {
-			Brief_start_display_index--;
+	if(Num_brief_chat_lines > Chatbox_max_lines){
+		int prev = Brief_chat_prev_index[Brief_start_display_index];
+	
+		// check to make sure we won't be going "up" above the "beginning" of the text array
+	   if(Brief_chat_prev_index[Brief_current_add_line] != prev && !(Num_brief_chat_lines < MAX_BRIEF_CHAT_LINES && Brief_start_display_index==0)){
+			Brief_start_display_index = prev;
 			return 1;
-		}		
+		}
+		
 	} 
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -711,18 +724,50 @@ int chatbox_scroll_up()
 // try and scroll the chatbox down, return 0 or 1 on fail or success
 int chatbox_scroll_down()
 {
-	if (static_cast<int>(Brief_chat.size()) > Chatbox_max_lines) {
-		if (Brief_start_display_index < (static_cast<int>(Brief_chat.size()) - Chatbox_max_lines)) {
-			Brief_start_display_index++;
+	int idx;
+	int next;
+	
+   if(Num_brief_chat_lines > Chatbox_max_lines){
+		// yuck. There's got to be a better way to do this.
+		next = Brief_chat_next_index[Brief_start_display_index];
+		for(idx = 1;idx <= Chatbox_max_lines; idx++){
+			next = Brief_chat_next_index[next];
+		}
+			
+		// check to make sure we won't be going "down" below the "bottom" of the text array
+		if(Brief_chat_next_index[Brief_current_add_line] != next){
+			Brief_start_display_index = Brief_chat_next_index[Brief_start_display_index];
 			return 1;
 		}
 	}
 	return 0;
 }
+	
+// quick explanation as to how the scrolling works :
+// Brief_chat_next_index is an array A of size n, where A[i] = i+1 and A[n] = 0
+// Brief_chat_prev_index is an array A of size n, where A[i] = i-1 and A[0] = n
+// in other words, if you increment an integer i = A[i], you get the next index (or the prev)
+// with wrapping. In this way, as chat lines are entered, they are continuously wrapped 
+// around the Brief_chat_lines array so we can keep it at a fixed size. These arrays are used
+// for both entering new chat strings as well as moving the Brief_start_display_index 
+// integer, which is self-explanatory

 void chatbox_chat_init()
 {
-	chatbox_clear();	
+	int idx;	
+		
+   chatbox_clear();
+
+	// setup the wraparound arrays
+	for(idx=0;idx<MAX_BRIEF_CHAT_LINES;idx++){
+      Brief_chat_next_index[idx] = idx+1;
+	}
+	Brief_chat_next_index[MAX_BRIEF_CHAT_LINES-1]=0;
+
+	for(idx=MAX_BRIEF_CHAT_LINES-1; idx > 0 ; idx--){
+		Brief_chat_prev_index[idx] = idx - 1;
+	}
+	Brief_chat_prev_index[0] = MAX_BRIEF_CHAT_LINES-1;	

 	// initialize the line recall data
 	Chatbox_recall_count = 0;
@@ -731,63 +776,91 @@ void chatbox_chat_init()
 	memset(Chatbox_recall_lines,0,CHATBOX_MAX_RECALL_LINES * (CHATBOX_MAX_LEN + 2));	
 }

-void chat_box_add_chat_to_list(brief_chat& chat)
-{
-	if (Brief_chat.size() >= MAX_BRIEF_CHAT_LINES) {
-		Brief_chat.erase(Brief_chat.begin());
-	}
-
-	Brief_chat.push_back(chat);
-}
-
 // int Test_color = 0;
 void chatbox_add_line(const char *msg, int pid, int add_id)
-{	
+{
+	int backup;
+	int	n_lines,idx;
+	int	n_chars[3];		
+	const char	*p_str[3];			// for the initial line (unindented)
+	char msg_extra[CHATBOX_STRING_LEN];
+
 	if(!Chatbox_created){
 		return;
 	}

-	brief_chat chat;
-	chat.indent = false;
-	chat.player_id = pid;
-
 	// maybe stick on who sent the message	
 	if(add_id){
 		if(MULTI_STANDALONE(Net_players[pid])){
-			strcpy_s(chat.callsign, "<SERVER>");
+			sprintf(msg_extra, NOX("%s %s"), NOX("<SERVER>"), msg );
 		} else {
-			strcpy_s(chat.callsign, Net_players[pid].m_player->short_callsign);
+			sprintf(msg_extra, NOX("%s: %s"), Net_players[pid].m_player->short_callsign, msg );
 		}
 	} else {
-		chat.callsign[0] = '\0';
+		strcpy_s(msg_extra,msg);
 	}	
+	Assert(strlen(msg_extra) < (CHATBOX_STRING_LEN - 2));	

 	// split the text up into as many lines as necessary
-	int n_chars[3];	
-	const char* p_str[3]; // for the initial line (unindented)
-	int n_lines = split_str(msg, Chatbox_disp_w, n_chars, p_str, 3, CHATBOX_STRING_LEN);
-	Assertion(n_lines != -1, "Chat split string returned an invalid number of lines, please report!");	
+	n_lines = split_str(msg_extra, Chatbox_disp_w, n_chars, p_str, 3, CHATBOX_STRING_LEN);
+	Assert(n_lines != -1);	
+
+	// setup the first line -- be sure to clear out the line
+	memset( Brief_chat_lines[Brief_current_add_line], 0, CHATBOX_STRING_LEN );
+
+	// add the player id #
+	Brief_chat_lines[Brief_current_add_line][0] = (char)(pid % 16);	
+	// Brief_chat_lines[Brief_current_add_line][0] = (char)Test_color;	
+	// Test_color = (Test_color == MAX_PLAYERS - 1) ? 0 : Test_color++;
+
+	// set the indent to 0
+	Brief_chat_indents[Brief_current_add_line] = 0;

 	// copy in the chars
-	strcpy_s(chat.text, p_str[0]);
-
-	chat_box_add_chat_to_list(chat);
+	strncpy(&Brief_chat_lines[Brief_current_add_line][1],p_str[0],CHATBOX_STRING_LEN - 1);
+	if(n_chars[0] >= CHATBOX_STRING_LEN){
+		Brief_chat_lines[Brief_current_add_line][CHATBOX_STRING_LEN - 1] = '\0';
+	} else {
+		Brief_chat_lines[Brief_current_add_line][n_chars[0] + 1] = '\0';
+	}
+	
+	// increment the total line count if we haven't reached the max already
+	if(Num_brief_chat_lines<MAX_BRIEF_CHAT_LINES){
+		Num_brief_chat_lines++;
+	}
+	
+	// get the index of the next string to add text to
+	Brief_current_add_line = Brief_chat_next_index[Brief_current_add_line];	
 	
 	// if we have more than 1 line, re-split everything so that the rest are indented
 	if(n_lines > 1){
 		// split up the string after the first break-marker
-		char msg_extra[CHATBOX_STRING_LEN];
 		n_lines = split_str(msg_extra + n_chars[0],Chatbox_disp_w - CHAT_LINE_INDENT,n_chars,p_str,3, CHATBOX_STRING_LEN);
-		Assertion(n_lines != -1, "Chat split string returned an invalid number of lines, please report!");		
+		Assert(n_lines != -1);		

 		// setup these remaining lines
-		for(int idx=0;idx<n_lines;idx++){
-			brief_chat i_chat;
-			i_chat.player_id = pid;
-			i_chat.indent = true;
-			strcpy_s(i_chat.text, p_str[idx]);
+		for(idx=0;idx<n_lines;idx++){
+			// add the player id#
+			Brief_chat_lines[Brief_current_add_line][0] = (char)(pid % 16);	

-			chat_box_add_chat_to_list(i_chat);
+			// add the proper indent
+			Brief_chat_indents[Brief_current_add_line] = CHAT_LINE_INDENT;
+
+			// copy in the line text itself
+			strncpy(&Brief_chat_lines[Brief_current_add_line][1],p_str[idx],CHATBOX_STRING_LEN-1); 
+			if(n_chars[idx] >= CHATBOX_STRING_LEN){
+				Brief_chat_lines[Brief_current_add_line][CHATBOX_STRING_LEN - 1] = '\0';
+			} else {
+				Brief_chat_lines[Brief_current_add_line][n_chars[idx] + 1] = '\0';
+			}
+			
+			// increment the total line count if we haven't reached the max already
+			if(Num_brief_chat_lines<MAX_BRIEF_CHAT_LINES){
+				Num_brief_chat_lines++;
+			}
+			
+			// get the index of the next line to add text to
+			Brief_current_add_line = Brief_chat_next_index[Brief_current_add_line];				
 		}
 	}
 			
@@ -800,8 +873,11 @@ void chatbox_add_line(const char *msg, int pid, int add_id)
 	// if this line of text is from the player himself, automatically go to the bottom of
 	// the chat list
 	if(pid == MY_NET_PLAYER_NUM){
-		if (static_cast<int>(Brief_chat.size()) > Chatbox_max_lines) {
-			Brief_start_display_index = (static_cast<int>(Brief_chat.size()) - Chatbox_max_lines);
+		if(Num_brief_chat_lines > Chatbox_max_lines){
+			Brief_start_display_index = Brief_current_add_line;
+			for(backup = 1;backup <= Chatbox_max_lines;backup++){
+				Brief_start_display_index = Brief_chat_prev_index[Brief_start_display_index];
+			}
 		}
 	}
 	// if we have enough lines of text to require scrolling, scroll down by one.
@@ -812,69 +888,54 @@ void chatbox_add_line(const char *msg, int pid, int add_id)

 void chatbox_render_chat_lines()
 {
-	int count = 0;	
-	int ly = Chatbox_begin_y;
-	int line_height = gr_get_font_height() + 1;
-
-	if (Brief_chat.empty()) {
-		return;
-	}
-
-	Assertion(Brief_start_display_index >= 0 && Brief_start_display_index < static_cast<int>(Brief_chat.size()),
-		"Chat display index is invalid, please report!");
-
-	auto chat = Brief_chat.begin();
-	std::advance(chat, Brief_start_display_index);
-
-	while (chat != Brief_chat.end() && count < Chatbox_max_lines) {	
-		char msg[CHATBOX_STRING_LEN];
-
-		// add the player callsign
-		sprintf(msg, "%s %s", chat->callsign, chat->text);
-		Assertion(strlen(msg) < (CHATBOX_STRING_LEN - 2), "Chat string is too long, please report!");
-
+   int started_at,player_num,count,ly,line_height;	
+	
+	started_at = Brief_start_display_index;
+	count = 0;	
+	ly = Chatbox_begin_y;
+	line_height = gr_get_font_height() + 1;
+	while((count < Chatbox_max_lines) && (count < Num_brief_chat_lines)){	
+		// determine what player this chat line came from, and set the appropriate text color
+		player_num = Brief_chat_lines[started_at][0];	   		
+		
 		// print the line out
-		gr_set_color_fast(Color_netplayer[chat->player_id]);
+		gr_set_color_fast(Color_netplayer[player_num]);

-		// draw the first line (no indent)
-		int indent = 0;
-		if (chat->indent) {
-			indent = CHAT_LINE_INDENT;
-		}
-		gr_string(Chatbox_begin_x + indent, ly, msg, GR_RESIZE_MENU);
+		// draw the first line (no indent)						
+		gr_string(Chatbox_begin_x + Brief_chat_indents[started_at],ly,&Brief_chat_lines[started_at][1],GR_RESIZE_MENU);		

 		// if we're in a team vs. team game, blit the player color icon
-		if (Netgame.type_flags & NG_TYPE_TEAM) {
-			switch (Net_players[chat->player_id].p_info.team) {
-			case 0:
+		if(Netgame.type_flags & NG_TYPE_TEAM){
+			switch(Net_players[player_num].p_info.team){
+			case 0 :
 				// if he's a team captain
-				if (Net_players[chat->player_id].flags & NETINFO_FLAG_TEAM_CAPTAIN) {
-					if (Multi_common_icons[MICON_TEAM0_SELECT] != -1) {
+				if(Net_players[player_num].flags & NETINFO_FLAG_TEAM_CAPTAIN){
+					if(Multi_common_icons[MICON_TEAM0_SELECT] != -1){
 						gr_set_bitmap(Multi_common_icons[MICON_TEAM0_SELECT]);
-						gr_bitmap(Chatbox_icon_x, ly - 2, GR_RESIZE_MENU);
-					}
+						gr_bitmap(Chatbox_icon_x,ly-2,GR_RESIZE_MENU);
+					} 
 				}
 				// just you're average peon
 				else {
-					if (Multi_common_icons[MICON_TEAM0] != -1) {
+					if(Multi_common_icons[MICON_TEAM0] != -1){
 						gr_set_bitmap(Multi_common_icons[MICON_TEAM0]);
-						gr_bitmap(Chatbox_icon_x, ly - 2, GR_RESIZE_MENU);
+						gr_bitmap(Chatbox_icon_x,ly-2,GR_RESIZE_MENU);
 					}
 				}
 				break;
-			case 1:
+			case 1 :
 				// if he's a team captain
-				if (Net_players[chat->player_id].flags & NETINFO_FLAG_TEAM_CAPTAIN) {
-					if (Multi_common_icons[MICON_TEAM1_SELECT] != -1) {
+				if(Net_players[player_num].flags & NETINFO_FLAG_TEAM_CAPTAIN){
+					if(Multi_common_icons[MICON_TEAM1_SELECT] != -1){
 						gr_set_bitmap(Multi_common_icons[MICON_TEAM1_SELECT]);
-						gr_bitmap(Chatbox_icon_x, ly - 2, GR_RESIZE_MENU);
+						gr_bitmap(Chatbox_icon_x,ly-2,GR_RESIZE_MENU);
 					}
 				}
 				// just your average peon
 				else {
-					if (Multi_common_icons[MICON_TEAM1] != -1) {
+					if(Multi_common_icons[MICON_TEAM1] != -1){
 						gr_set_bitmap(Multi_common_icons[MICON_TEAM1]);
-						gr_bitmap(Chatbox_icon_x, ly - 2, GR_RESIZE_MENU);
+						gr_bitmap(Chatbox_icon_x,ly-2,GR_RESIZE_MENU);
 					}
 				}
 				break;
@@ -882,9 +943,11 @@ void chatbox_render_chat_lines()
 		}

 		// increment the count and line position
-		count++;
-		++chat;
+		count++;		
 		ly += line_height;
+		
+		// increment the started at index
+		started_at = Brief_chat_next_index[started_at];
 	}		
 }

@@ -908,14 +971,52 @@ void chatbox_toggle_size()

 void chatbox_toggle_size_adjust_lines()
 {
-	if ((static_cast<int>(Brief_chat.size()) > Chatbox_max_lines)) {
-		Brief_start_display_index = (static_cast<int>(Brief_chat.size()) - Chatbox_max_lines);
+	int count_diff;
+	
+	// if the chatbox is now big, move the starting display index _up_ as far as possible
+	if(Chatbox_mode_flags & CHATBOX_FLAG_BIG){				
+		// if we've wrapped around	or we have more chatlines then we can display, move back as far as we can
+		if((Num_brief_chat_lines > MAX_BRIEF_CHAT_LINES) || (Num_brief_chat_lines > Chatbox_max_lines)){			
+			count_diff = Chatbox_max_lines - chatbox_num_displayed_lines();		
+			while(count_diff > 0){
+				Brief_start_display_index = Brief_chat_prev_index[Brief_start_display_index];
+				count_diff--;
+			}
+		}
+		// otherwise start displaying from position 0
+		else {					
+			Brief_start_display_index = 0;			
+		}			
 	}
-	else {
-		Brief_start_display_index = 0;
+	// if the chatbox is now small, move the starting display index down as far as we need
+	else if(Chatbox_mode_flags & CHATBOX_FLAG_SMALL){
+		count_diff = chatbox_num_displayed_lines();
+		// if we were displaying more lines than we can now
+		if(count_diff > Chatbox_max_lines){
+			count_diff -= Chatbox_max_lines;
+			while(count_diff > 0){
+				Brief_start_display_index = Brief_chat_next_index[Brief_start_display_index];
+				count_diff--;
+			}
+		}
 	}
 }

+int chatbox_num_displayed_lines()
+{
+	int idx = Brief_start_display_index;
+	int count;
+
+	// count the lines up
+	count = 0;
+	while(idx != Brief_current_add_line){
+		idx = Brief_chat_next_index[idx];
+		count++;
+	}
+
+	return count;
+}
+
 // force the chatbox to go into small mode (if its in large mode) - will not wotk if in multi paused chatbox mode
 void chatbox_force_small()
 {
@@ -12,14 +12,10 @@
 #ifndef __FREESPACE_CHATBOX_H__
 #define __FREESPACE_CHATBOX_H__

-#include "globalincs/globals.h"
-
 // prototype
 struct net_player;

 #define CHATBOX_MAX_LEN						125			// max length of the actual text string
-#define CHATBOX_STRING_LEN (CALLSIGN_LEN + CHATBOX_MAX_LEN + 32)
-#define MAX_BRIEF_CHAT_LINES 60 // how many lines we can store in the scrollback buffer

 // chatbox flags for creation/switching between modes
 #define CHATBOX_FLAG_SMALL					 (1<<0)		// small chatbox
@@ -29,15 +25,6 @@ struct net_player;
 #define CHATBOX_FLAG_BUTTONS				 (1<<4)		// the chatbox should be drawing/checking its own buttons
 // NOTE : CHATBOX_FLAG_BUTTONS requires that CHATBOX_FLAG_DRAW_BOX is also set!

-typedef struct brief_chat {
-	int player_id;                        // the net player id
-	bool indent;                          // true if the line should be indented
-	char text[CHATBOX_MAX_LEN];           // the text of the message
-	char callsign[CALLSIGN_LEN];          // the player's callsign
-} brief_chat;
-
-extern SCP_list<brief_chat> Brief_chat;
-
 // initialize all chatbox details with the given mode flags
 int chatbox_create(int mode_flags = (CHATBOX_FLAG_SMALL | CHATBOX_FLAG_DRAW_BOX | CHATBOX_FLAG_BUTTONS));

@@ -1396,7 +1396,7 @@ int brief_setup_closeup(brief_icon *bi, bool api_access)
 				Closeup_icon->modelnum = model_load(pof_filename, 0, nullptr);
 			} else {
 				Closeup_icon->modelnum = model_load(sip, true);
-				Closeup_icon->model_instance_num = model_create_instance(model_objnum_special::OBJNUM_NONE, Closeup_icon->modelnum);
+				Closeup_icon->model_instance_num = model_create_instance(-1, Closeup_icon->modelnum);
 				model_set_up_techroom_instance(sip, Closeup_icon->model_instance_num);
 			}
 		}
@@ -1963,9 +1963,7 @@ void debrief_init(bool API_Access)
 	// be backed out if used chooses to replace them.
 	scoring_level_close();

-	if (!API_Access) {
-		debrief_ui_init(); // init UI items
-	}
+	debrief_ui_init(); // init UI items
 	debrief_award_init();
 	show_stats_init();
 	debrief_voice_init();
@@ -1960,13 +1960,13 @@ void common_setup_room_lights()
 	light_reset();
 	auto tempv = vm_vec_new(-1.0f,0.3f,-1.0f);
 	auto tempc = hdr_color(1.0f,0.95f,0.9f, 0.0f, 1.5f);
-	light_add_directional(&tempv,-1,false,&tempc);
+	light_add_directional(&tempv,&tempc);
 	tempv.xyz={-0.4f,0.4f,1.1f};
 	tempc = hdr_color(0.788f,0.886f,1.0f,0.0f,1.5f);
-	light_add_directional(&tempv,-1,false,&tempc);
+	light_add_directional(&tempv,&tempc);
 	tempv.xyz={0.4f,0.1f,0.4f};
 	tempc = hdr_color(1.0f,1.0f,1.0f,0.0f,0.4f);
-	light_add_directional(&tempv,-1,false,&tempc);
+	light_add_directional(&tempv,&tempc);
 	gr_set_ambient_light(53, 53, 53);
 	light_rotate_all();
 }
@@ -2352,12 +2352,12 @@ void wl_render_weapon_desc(float frametime)
 	if (!Weapon_desc_wipe_done) {
 		// draw mid-wipe version
 		// decide which char is last (and bright)
-		size_t bright_char_index = (size_t)(Weapon_desc_wipe_time_elapsed * WEAPON_DESC_MAX_LENGTH / WEAPON_DESC_WIPE_TIME);
-		int i, w, h;
+		int bright_char_index = (int)(Weapon_desc_wipe_time_elapsed * WEAPON_DESC_MAX_LENGTH / WEAPON_DESC_WIPE_TIME);
+		int i, w, h, curr_len;
 		
 		// draw weapon title (above weapon anim)
 		for (i=0; i<2; i++) {
-			size_t curr_len = strlen(Weapon_desc_lines[i]);
+			curr_len = (int)strlen(Weapon_desc_lines[i]);

 			if (bright_char_index < curr_len) {
 				// save bright char and plunk in some nulls to shorten string
@@ -2385,7 +2385,7 @@ void wl_render_weapon_desc(float frametime)

 		// draw weapon desc (below weapon anim)
 		for (i=2; i<WEAPON_DESC_MAX_LINES; i++) {
-			size_t curr_len = strlen(Weapon_desc_lines[i]);
+			curr_len = (int)strlen(Weapon_desc_lines[i]);

 			if (bright_char_index < curr_len) {
 				// save bright char and plunk in some nulls to shorten string
@@ -2439,10 +2439,9 @@ void wl_render_weapon_desc(float frametime)
 */
 void wl_weapon_desc_start_wipe()
 {
-	size_t currchar_src = 0;
-	int currline_dest = 2, currchar_dest = 0, i;
+	int currchar_src = 0, currline_dest = 2, currchar_dest = 0, i;
 	int w, h;
-	size_t title_len = strlen(Weapon_info[Selected_wl_class].title);
+	int title_len = (int)strlen(Weapon_info[Selected_wl_class].title);

 	// init wipe vars
 	Weapon_desc_wipe_time_elapsed = 0.0f;
@@ -2453,7 +2452,7 @@ void wl_weapon_desc_start_wipe()
 	gr_get_string_size(&w, &h, Weapon_info[Selected_wl_class].title, title_len);
 	if (w > Weapon_title_max_width[gr_screen.res]) {
 		// split
-		currchar_src = (size_t)(((float)title_len / (float)w) * Weapon_title_max_width[gr_screen.res]);			// char to start space search at
+		currchar_src = (int)(((float)title_len / (float)w) * Weapon_title_max_width[gr_screen.res]);			// char to start space search at
 		while (Weapon_desc_lines[0][currchar_src] != ' ') {
 			currchar_src--;
 			if (currchar_src <= 0) {
@@ -2961,7 +2960,7 @@ void wl_render_icon_count(int num, int x, int y)
 	Assert(number_to_draw >= 0);

 	sprintf(buf, "%d", number_to_draw);
-	gr_get_string_size(&num_w, &num_h, buf, strlen(buf));
+	gr_get_string_size(&num_w, &num_h, buf, (int)strlen(buf));

 	// render
 	gr_set_color_fast(&Color_white);
@@ -48,7 +48,6 @@ bool Enable_external_default_scripts;
 int Default_detail_level;
 bool Full_color_head_anis;
 bool Dont_automatically_select_turret_when_targeting_ship;
-bool Automatically_select_subsystem_under_reticle_when_targeting_same_ship;
 bool Always_reset_selected_wep_on_loadout_open;
 bool Weapons_inherit_parent_collision_group;
 bool Flight_controls_follow_eyepoint_orientation;
@@ -150,12 +149,11 @@ bool Randomize_particle_rotation;
 bool Calculate_subsystem_hitpoints_after_parsing;
 bool Disable_internal_loadout_restoration_system;
 bool Contrails_use_absolute_speed;
-bool Lua_API_returns_nil_instead_of_invalid_object;

 static auto DiscordOption __UNUSED = options::OptionBuilder<bool>("Game.Discord",
                     std::pair<const char*, int>{"Discord Presence", 1754},
                     std::pair<const char*, int>{"Toggle Discord Rich Presence", 1755})
-                     .category(std::make_pair("Game", 1824))
+                     .category("Game")
                     .default_val(Discord_presence)
                     .level(options::ExpertLevel::Advanced)
                     .importance(55)
@@ -298,11 +296,6 @@ void parse_mod_table(const char *filename)
 			stuff_boolean(&Disable_internal_loadout_restoration_system);
 		}

-		if (optional_string("$Lua API returns nil instead of invalid object:")) {
-			stuff_boolean(&Lua_API_returns_nil_instead_of_invalid_object);
-			mprintf(("Game Settings Table: Lua API returns nil instead of invalid object: %s\n", Lua_API_returns_nil_instead_of_invalid_object ? "yes" : "no"));
-		}
-
 		optional_string("#LOCALIZATION SETTINGS");

 		if (optional_string("$Use tabled strings for the default language:")) {
@@ -425,10 +418,6 @@ void parse_mod_table(const char *filename)
 			stuff_boolean(&Dont_automatically_select_turret_when_targeting_ship);
 		}

-		if (optional_string("$Auto select subsystem under reticle when targeting same ship:")) {
-			stuff_boolean(&Automatically_select_subsystem_under_reticle_when_targeting_same_ship);
-		}
-
 		if (optional_string("$Supernova hits at zero:")) {
 			stuff_boolean(&Supernova_hits_at_zero);
 			if (Supernova_hits_at_zero) {
@@ -1454,7 +1443,6 @@ void mod_table_reset()
 	Default_detail_level = 3; // "very high" seems a reasonable default in 2012 -zookeeper
 	Full_color_head_anis = false;
 	Dont_automatically_select_turret_when_targeting_ship = false;
-	Automatically_select_subsystem_under_reticle_when_targeting_same_ship = false;
 	Always_reset_selected_wep_on_loadout_open = false;
 	Weapons_inherit_parent_collision_group = false;
 	Flight_controls_follow_eyepoint_orientation = false;
@@ -1486,7 +1474,7 @@ void mod_table_reset()
 	Window_icon_path = "app_icon_sse";
 	Disable_built_in_translations = false;
 	Weapon_shockwaves_respect_huge = false;
-	Using_in_game_options = true;
+	Using_in_game_options = false;
 	Dinky_shockwave_default_multiplier = 1.0f;
 	Shockwaves_always_damage_bombs = false;
 	Shockwaves_damage_all_obj_types_once = false;
@@ -1563,7 +1551,6 @@ void mod_table_reset()
 	Calculate_subsystem_hitpoints_after_parsing = false;
 	Disable_internal_loadout_restoration_system = false;
 	Contrails_use_absolute_speed = false;
-	Lua_API_returns_nil_instead_of_invalid_object = false;
 }

 void mod_table_set_version_flags()
@@ -56,7 +56,6 @@ extern bool Enable_external_default_scripts;
 extern int Default_detail_level;
 extern bool Full_color_head_anis;
 extern bool Dont_automatically_select_turret_when_targeting_ship;
-extern bool Automatically_select_subsystem_under_reticle_when_targeting_same_ship;
 extern bool Always_reset_selected_wep_on_loadout_open;
 extern bool Weapons_inherit_parent_collision_group;
 extern bool Flight_controls_follow_eyepoint_orientation;
@@ -159,7 +158,6 @@ extern bool Randomize_particle_rotation;
 extern bool Calculate_subsystem_hitpoints_after_parsing;
 extern bool Disable_internal_loadout_restoration_system;
 extern bool Contrails_use_absolute_speed;
-extern bool Lua_API_returns_nil_instead_of_invalid_object;

 void mod_table_init();
 void mod_table_post_process();
@@ -262,7 +262,7 @@ namespace animation {
 			//We are in multiplayer. Send animation to server to start. Server starts animation online, and sends start request back (which'll have multiOverride == true).
 			//If we _are_ the server, also just start the animation

-			object* objp = pmi->objnum >= 0 ? &Objects[pmi->objnum] : nullptr;
+			object* objp = pmi->objnum > -1 ? &Objects[pmi->objnum] : nullptr;

 			if(objp != nullptr)
 				send_animation_triggered_packet(id, objp, 0, direction, force, instant, pause);
@@ -1446,8 +1446,9 @@ namespace animation {
 		ModelAnimationParseHelper::parseAnimsetInfo(set, 's', sip->name);
 	}

-	void ModelAnimationParseHelper::parseAnimsetInfoDrivers(ModelAnimationSet& set, char uniquePrefix, const SCP_string& parentName, std::function<std::function<float(polymodel_instance *)>()> driverSourceParser) {
+	void ModelAnimationParseHelper::parseAnimsetInfoDrivers(ModelAnimationSet& set, ship_info* sip) {
 		set.m_animationSet.clear();
+		set.changeShipName(sip->name);

 		while(optional_string("+Driver Set:")) {
 			decltype(ModelAnimation::m_driver) driver;
@@ -1456,7 +1457,7 @@ namespace animation {

 			if (optional_string("+Time Remap:")) {
 				required_string("+Source:");
-				std::function<float(polymodel_instance *)> remap_driver_source = driverSourceParser();
+				std::function<float(polymodel_instance *)> remap_driver_source = parse_ship_property_driver_source();
 				if (!remap_driver_source) {
 					error_display(0, "Unknown driver specifier encountered! Driver will be disabled!");
 					continue;
@@ -1549,7 +1550,7 @@ namespace animation {
 				auto animIt = s_animationsById.find(request);
 				if (animIt != s_animationsById.end()) {
 					const ParsedModelAnimation& foundAnim = animIt->second;
-					auto anim = set.emplace(foundAnim.anim, request, foundAnim.name, foundAnim.type, foundAnim.subtype, ModelAnimationParseHelper::getUniqueAnimationID(animIt->first, uniquePrefix, parentName));
+					auto anim = set.emplace(foundAnim.anim, request, foundAnim.name, foundAnim.type, foundAnim.subtype, ModelAnimationParseHelper::getUniqueAnimationID(animIt->first, 's', sip->name));

 					if (driver)
 						anim->m_driver = driver;
@@ -1563,13 +1564,6 @@ namespace animation {
 		}
 	}

-	void ModelAnimationParseHelper::parseAnimsetInfoDrivers(ModelAnimationSet& set, ship_info* sip) {
-		set.m_animationSet.clear();
-		set.changeShipName(sip->name);
-
-		parseAnimsetInfoDrivers(set, 's', sip->name, parse_ship_property_driver_source);
-	}
-
 	void ModelAnimationParseHelper::parseMoveablesetInfo(ModelAnimationSet& set) {
 		SCP_vector<SCP_string> requestedAnimations;
 		stuff_string_list(requestedAnimations);
@@ -416,8 +416,6 @@ namespace animation {
 		static void parseAnimsetInfo(ModelAnimationSet& set, ship_info* sip);
 		static void parseAnimsetInfo(ModelAnimationSet& set, char uniqueTypePrefix, const SCP_string& uniqueParentName);
 		static void parseAnimsetInfoDrivers(ModelAnimationSet& set, ship_info* sip);
-		static void parseAnimsetInfoDrivers(ModelAnimationSet& set, char uniquePrefix, const SCP_string& parentName, std::function<std::function<float(polymodel_instance *)>()> driverSourceParser);
-
 		static void parseMoveablesetInfo(ModelAnimationSet& set);
 		//Parses the legacy animation table in ships.tbl of a single subsystem. Currently initial animations only
 		static void parseLegacyAnimationTable(model_subsystem* sp, ship_info* sip);
@@ -2,24 +2,12 @@

 #include "hud/hudets.h"
 #include "model/animation/modelanimation.h"
-#include "playerman/player.h"
 #include "ship/ship.h"

 namespace animation {
-	template<float control_info::* ci_property>
-	static float get_player_ci_property(polymodel_instance* /*pmi*/){
-		return Player->ci.*ci_property;
-	}
-
 	std::function<float(polymodel_instance*)> parse_generic_property_driver_source() {
-		switch(optional_string_one_of(7,
-				"Random",
-				"ControlAccelForward",
-				"ControlAccelLateral",
-				"ControlAccelVertical",
-				"ControlRotationPitch",
-				"ControlRotationBank",
-				"ControlRotationHeading"
+		switch(optional_string_one_of(1,
+				"Random"
 				)){
 			case 0: {
 				float min, max;
@@ -34,40 +22,22 @@ namespace animation {
 					return static_cast<float>(std::mt19937(seed ^ pmi->objnum)()) / static_cast<float>(std::mt19937::max()) * (max - min) + min;
 				};
 			}
-			case 1:
-				return get_player_ci_property<&control_info::forward>;
-			case 2:
-				return get_player_ci_property<&control_info::sideways>;
-			case 3:
-				return get_player_ci_property<&control_info::vertical>;
-			case 4:
-				return get_player_ci_property<&control_info::pitch>;
-			case 5:
-				return get_player_ci_property<&control_info::bank>;
-			case 6:
-				return get_player_ci_property<&control_info::heading>;
 			default:
 				return {};
 		}
 	}

-	static int get_pmi_objnum(const polymodel_instance* pmi) {
-		return pmi->objnum == model_objnum_special::OBJNUM_COCKPIT ? Player->objnum : pmi->objnum;
-	}
-
 	template<typename property, property object::* property_ptr, float property::* subproperty_ptr>
 	static float get_object_subproperty_float(polymodel_instance* pmi){
-		int objnum = get_pmi_objnum(pmi);
-		Assertion(objnum >= 0, "Invalid object used in animation property driver!");
-		return Objects[objnum].*property_ptr.*subproperty_ptr;
+		Assertion(pmi->objnum >= 0, "Invalid object used in animation property driver!");
+		return Objects[pmi->objnum].*property_ptr.*subproperty_ptr;
 	}

 	template<matrix object::* property_ptr, float angles::* angle>
 	static float get_object_matrix_angle(polymodel_instance* pmi){
-		int objnum = get_pmi_objnum(pmi);
-		Assertion(objnum >= 0, "Invalid object used in animation property driver!");
+		Assertion(pmi->objnum >= 0, "Invalid object used in animation property driver!");
 		angles a;
-		vm_extract_angles_matrix(&a, &(Objects[objnum].*property_ptr));
+		vm_extract_angles_matrix(&a, &(Objects[pmi->objnum].*property_ptr));
 		return a.*angle;
 	}

@@ -100,18 +70,16 @@ namespace animation {

 	template<typename property, property ship::* property_ptr, float property::* subproperty_ptr>
 	static float get_ship_subproperty_float(polymodel_instance* pmi){
-		int objnum = get_pmi_objnum(pmi);
-		Assertion(objnum >= 0, "Invalid object used in animation property driver!");
-		Assertion(Objects[objnum].type == OBJ_SHIP, "Non-ship object used in ship animation property driver!");
-		return Ships[Objects[objnum].instance].*property_ptr.*subproperty_ptr;
+		Assertion(pmi->objnum >= 0, "Invalid object used in animation property driver!");
+		Assertion(Objects[pmi->objnum].type == OBJ_SHIP, "Non-ship object used in ship animation property driver!");
+		return Ships[Objects[pmi->objnum].instance].*property_ptr.*subproperty_ptr;
 	}

 	template<int ship::* ets_property>
 	static float get_ship_ets_property(polymodel_instance* pmi){
-		int objnum = get_pmi_objnum(pmi);
-		Assertion(objnum >= 0, "Invalid object used in animation property driver!");
-		Assertion(Objects[objnum].type == OBJ_SHIP, "Non-ship object used in ship animation property driver!");
-		return Energy_levels[Ships[Objects[objnum].instance].*ets_property];
+		Assertion(pmi->objnum >= 0, "Invalid object used in animation property driver!");
+		Assertion(Objects[pmi->objnum].type == OBJ_SHIP, "Non-ship object used in ship animation property driver!");
+		return Energy_levels[Ships[Objects[pmi->objnum].instance].*ets_property];
 	}

 	std::function<float(polymodel_instance*)> parse_ship_property_driver_source() {
@@ -73,8 +73,6 @@ extern int model_render_flags_size;

 enum class modelread_status { FAIL, SUCCESS_REAL, SUCCESS_VIRTUAL };

-enum model_objnum_special : int { OBJNUM_NONE = -1, OBJNUM_COCKPIT = -2, OBJNUM_SPECIAL_MIN = -3};
-
 // Goober5000
 extern const char *Subsystem_types[SUBSYSTEM_MAX];

@@ -121,7 +119,6 @@ struct submodel_instance
 	color   arc_primary_color_1[MAX_ARC_EFFECTS];
 	color   arc_primary_color_2[MAX_ARC_EFFECTS];
 	color	arc_secondary_color[MAX_ARC_EFFECTS];
-	float	arc_width[MAX_ARC_EFFECTS];								// only used for MARC_TYPE_SHIP and MARC_TYPE_SCRIPTED
 	vec3d	arc_pts[MAX_ARC_EFFECTS][2];
 	ubyte		arc_type[MAX_ARC_EFFECTS];							// see MARC_TYPE_* defines

@@ -136,7 +133,6 @@ struct submodel_instance
 		memset(&arc_primary_color_2, 0, MAX_ARC_EFFECTS * sizeof(color));
 		memset(&arc_secondary_color, 0, MAX_ARC_EFFECTS * sizeof(color));
 		memset(&arc_type, 0, MAX_ARC_EFFECTS * sizeof(ubyte));
-		memset(&arc_width, 0, MAX_ARC_EFFECTS * sizeof(float));
 	}
 };

@@ -270,7 +266,6 @@ typedef struct model_special {
 #define MARC_TYPE_DAMAGED					0		// blue lightning arcs for when the ship is damaged
 #define MARC_TYPE_EMP						1		// EMP blast type arcs
 #define MARC_TYPE_SHIP						2		// arcing lightning thats intrinsically part of the ship
-#define MARC_TYPE_SCRIPTED					3		// an arc created via script

 #define MAX_LIVE_DEBRIS	7

@@ -1195,7 +1190,7 @@ void model_replicate_submodel_instance(polymodel *pm, polymodel_instance *pmi, i

 // Adds an electrical arcing effect to a submodel
 void model_instance_clear_arcs(polymodel *pm, polymodel_instance *pmi);
-void model_instance_add_arc(polymodel *pm, polymodel_instance *pmi, int sub_model_num, vec3d *v1, vec3d *v2, int arc_type, color *primary_color_1 = nullptr, color *primary_color_2 = nullptr, color *secondary_color = nullptr, float width = 0.0f);
+void model_instance_add_arc(polymodel *pm, polymodel_instance *pmi, int sub_model_num, vec3d *v1, vec3d *v2, int arc_type, color *primary_color_1 = nullptr, color *primary_color_2 = nullptr, color *secondary_color = nullptr);

 // Gets two random points on the surface of a submodel
 extern vec3d submodel_get_random_point(int model_num, int submodel_num, int seed = -1);
@@ -1198,13 +1198,15 @@ int model_collide(mc_info *mc_info_obj)

 	}

-	// Check only one subobject; or check submodel and any children
-	if ( (Mc->flags & MC_SUBMODEL) || (Mc->flags & MC_SUBMODEL_INSTANCE) ) {
-		// note: within this function, MC_SUBMODEL will return after one check; but MC_SUBMODEL_INSTANCE will not
+	if ( Mc->flags & MC_SUBMODEL )	{
+		// Check only one subobject
+		mc_check_subobj( Mc->submodel_num );
+		// Check submodel and any children
+	} else if (Mc->flags & MC_SUBMODEL_INSTANCE) {
 		mc_check_subobj(Mc->submodel_num);
-	}
-	// Check all the the highest detail model polygons and subobjects for intersections
-	else {
+	} else {
+		// Check all the the highest detail model polygons and subobjects for intersections
+
 		// Don't check it or its children if it is destroyed
 		if ( Mc_pmi ) {
 			if ( !Mc_pmi->submodel[Mc_pm->detail[0]].blown_off ) {
@@ -3538,7 +3538,7 @@ int model_load(const  char* filename, int n_subsystems, model_subsystem* subsyst

 int model_create_instance(int objnum, int model_num)
 {
-	Assertion(objnum > OBJNUM_SPECIAL_MIN && objnum < MAX_OBJECTS, "objnum must be -1 (none), -2 (player cockpit) or a valid object index!");
+	Assertion(objnum >= -1 && objnum < MAX_OBJECTS, "objnum must be -1 or a valid object index!");

 	// this will also run a bunch of Assertions
 	auto pm = model_get(model_num);
@@ -5155,7 +5155,7 @@ void model_instance_clear_arcs(polymodel *pm, polymodel_instance *pmi)
 }

 // Adds an electrical arcing effect to a submodel
-void model_instance_add_arc(polymodel *pm, polymodel_instance *pmi, int sub_model_num, vec3d *v1, vec3d *v2, int arc_type, color *primary_color_1, color *primary_color_2, color *secondary_color, float width )
+void model_instance_add_arc(polymodel *pm, polymodel_instance *pmi, int sub_model_num, vec3d *v1, vec3d *v2, int arc_type, color *primary_color_1, color *primary_color_2, color *secondary_color )
 {
 	Assert(pm->id == pmi->model_num);

@@ -5175,11 +5175,10 @@ void model_instance_add_arc(polymodel *pm, polymodel_instance *pmi, int sub_mode
 		smi->arc_pts[smi->num_arcs][0] = *v1;
 		smi->arc_pts[smi->num_arcs][1] = *v2;

-		if (arc_type == MARC_TYPE_SHIP || arc_type == MARC_TYPE_SCRIPTED) {
+		if (arc_type == MARC_TYPE_SHIP) {
 			smi->arc_primary_color_1[smi->num_arcs] = *primary_color_1;
 			smi->arc_primary_color_2[smi->num_arcs] = *primary_color_2;
 			smi->arc_secondary_color[smi->num_arcs] = *secondary_color;
-			smi->arc_width[smi->num_arcs] = width;
 		}

 		smi->num_arcs++;
@@ -862,7 +862,6 @@ void model_render_add_lightning(model_draw_list *scene, const model_render_param
 			
 			break;

-		case MARC_TYPE_SCRIPTED:
 		case MARC_TYPE_SHIP:
 			if ( Random::flip_coin() )	{
 				primary = smi->arc_primary_color_1[i];
@@ -871,8 +870,16 @@ void model_render_add_lightning(model_draw_list *scene, const model_render_param
 			}

 			secondary = smi->arc_secondary_color[i];
+      
+      			// try and scale the size a bit so that it looks equally well on smaller vessels
+			width = Arc_width_default_damage;
+			if (pm->rad < Arc_width_no_multiply_over_radius_damage) {
+				width *= (pm->rad * Arc_width_radius_multiplier_damage);

-			width = smi->arc_width[i];
+				if (width < Arc_width_minimum_damage) {
+					width = Arc_width_minimum_damage;
+				}
+			}

 			break;

@@ -3182,7 +3189,7 @@ bool render_tech_model(tech_render_type model_type, int x1, int y1, int x2, int

 	// Create an instance for ships that can be used to clear out destroyed subobjects from rendering
 	if (model_type == TECH_SHIP) {
-		model_instance = model_create_instance(model_objnum_special::OBJNUM_NONE, model_num);
+		model_instance = model_create_instance(-1, model_num);
 		model_set_up_techroom_instance(&Ship_info[class_idx], model_instance);
 	}

@@ -15,7 +15,6 @@
 #include "debugconsole/console.h"
 #include "freespace.h"
 #include "jpgutils/jpgutils.h"
-#include "math/bitarray.h"
 #include "mission/missionparse.h"
 #include "nebula/neb.h"
 #include "object/object.h"
@@ -60,15 +59,15 @@ SCP_vector<poof_info> Poof_info;

 float Poof_dist_threshold;
 vec3d Poof_last_gen_pos;
-SCP_vector<float> Poof_accum;
+float Poof_accum[MAX_NEB2_POOFS];
 float Poof_density_multiplier;

 const float UPKEEP_DIST_MULT = 1.2f;

 const float PROBABLY_TOO_MANY_POOFS = 100000.0f;

-// bit array of neb2 poofs
-std::unique_ptr<ubyte> Neb2_poof_flags;
+// array of neb2 poofs
+int32_t Neb2_poof_flags = 0;

 // array of neb2 bitmaps
 SCP_vector<SCP_string> Neb2_bitmap_filenames;
@@ -138,7 +137,7 @@ const SCP_vector<std::pair<int, std::pair<const char*, int>>> DetailLevelValues
 const auto NebulaDetailOption __UNUSED = options::OptionBuilder<int>("Graphics.NebulaDetail",
                     std::pair<const char*, int>{"Nebula Detail", 1361},
                     std::pair<const char*, int>{"Detail level of nebulas", 1697})
-                     .category(std::make_pair("Graphics", 1825))
+                     .category("Graphics")
                     .values(DetailLevelValues)
                     .default_val(MAX_DETAIL_LEVEL)
                     .importance(7)
@@ -146,7 +145,6 @@ const auto NebulaDetailOption __UNUSED = options::OptionBuilder<int>("Graphics.N
                          Detail.nebula_detail = val;
                          return true;
                     })
-                     .flags({options::OptionFlags::RetailBuiltinOption})
                     .finish();

 // --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -168,7 +166,7 @@ void neb2_get_eye_orient(matrix *eye_matrix);

 static poof_info* get_nebula_poof_pointer(char* nebula_name)
 {
-	for (size_t i = 0; i < Poof_info.size(); i++) {
+	for (int i = 0; i < (int)Poof_info.size(); i++) {
 		if (!stricmp(nebula_name, Poof_info[i].name)) {
 			return &Poof_info[i];
 		}
@@ -226,7 +224,11 @@ void parse_nebula_table(const char* filename)

 				generic_anim_init(&pooft.bitmap, name);

-				Poof_info.push_back(pooft);
+				if (Poof_info.size() < MAX_NEB2_POOFS) {
+					Poof_info.push_back(pooft);
+				} else {
+					Warning(LOCATION, "More than 32 poofs are defined! Skipping poof %s\n", pooft.name);
+				}
 			} else if (optional_string("$Name:")) { // new style
 				stuff_string(pooft.name, F_NAME, NAME_LENGTH);

@@ -255,8 +257,17 @@ void parse_nebula_table(const char* filename)
 						}
 						continue;
 					}
-					Poof_info.push_back(pooft);
-					poofp = &Poof_info[Poof_info.size() - 1];
+					// Check if we're at max poofs. If so, then log and continue.
+					if (Poof_info.size() < MAX_NEB2_POOFS) {
+						Poof_info.push_back(pooft);
+						poofp = &Poof_info[Poof_info.size() - 1];
+					} else {
+						Warning(LOCATION, "More than 32 poofs are defined! Skipping poof %s\n", pooft.name);
+						if (!skip_to_start_of_string_either("$Name:", "#end")) {
+							error_display(1, "Missing [#end] or [$Name] after nebula poof %s", pooft.name);
+						}
+						continue;
+					}
 				}

 				if (poof_new) {
@@ -311,6 +322,9 @@ void parse_nebula_table(const char* filename)
 					poofp->alpha = ::util::parseUniformRange<float>(0.0f, 1.0f);
 				}
 			}
+			else {
+				WarningEx(LOCATION, "nebula.tbl\nExceeded maximum number of nebula poofs (%d)!\nSkipping %s.", (int)MAX_NEB2_POOFS, name);
+			}
 		}
 	}
 	catch (const parse::ParseException& e)
@@ -323,35 +337,29 @@ void parse_nebula_table(const char* filename)
 // initialize neb2 stuff at game startup
 void neb2_init()
 {
+
 	// first parse the default table
 	parse_nebula_table("nebula.tbl");

 	// parse any modular tables
 	parse_modular_table("*-neb.tbm", parse_nebula_table);
-
-	// align Poof_accum with Poof_info
-	Poof_accum.resize(Poof_info.size());
-
-	// set up bit string
-	Neb2_poof_flags.reset(new ubyte[calculate_num_bytes(Poof_info.size())]);
-	clear_all_bits(Neb2_poof_flags.get(), Poof_info.size());
 }

 // set the bits for poofs from a list of poof names
 void neb2_set_poof_bits(const SCP_vector<SCP_string>& list)
 {
-	clear_all_bits(Neb2_poof_flags.get(), Poof_info.size()); //Make absolutely sure flags are zero'd before we start adding to it-Mjn
+	Neb2_poof_flags = 0; //Make absolutely sure flags are zero'd before we start adding to it-Mjn
 	for (const SCP_string& thisPoof : list) {
-		for (size_t i = 0; i < Poof_info.size(); i++) {
+		for (int i = 0; i < (int)Poof_info.size(); i++) {
 			if (lcase_equal(Poof_info[i].name, thisPoof)) {
-				set_bit(Neb2_poof_flags.get(), i);
+				Neb2_poof_flags |= (1 << i);
 			}
 		}
 	}
 }

 bool poof_is_used(size_t idx) {
-	return get_bit(Neb2_poof_flags.get(), idx) != 0;
+	return (Neb2_poof_flags & (1 << idx)) != 0;
 }

 void neb2_get_fog_color(ubyte *r, ubyte *g, ubyte *b)
@@ -368,7 +376,7 @@ void neb2_pre_level_init()
 	Neb2_fog_far_mult = 1.0f;

 	strcpy_s(Neb2_texture_name, "");
-	clear_all_bits(Neb2_poof_flags.get(), Poof_info.size());
+	Neb2_poof_flags = 0;

 	strcpy_s(Mission_parse_storm_name, "none");
 }
@@ -381,7 +389,7 @@ void neb2_level_init()
 float nNf_near, nNf_density;

 void neb2_poof_setup() {
-	if (!any_bits_set(Neb2_poof_flags.get(), Poof_info.size()))
+	if (!Neb2_poof_flags)
 		return;

 	// make the total density of poofs be the average of all poofs, and each poofs density is its relative proportion compared to others
@@ -507,6 +515,17 @@ void neb2_post_level_init(bool fog_color_override)
 		Neb2_awacs = -1.0f;
 	}

+	// truncate the poof flags down to the poofs we have
+	if (Poof_info.size() < MAX_NEB2_POOFS) {
+		int available_poofs_mask = (1 << Poof_info.size()) - 1;
+
+		// check for negative here too, because if we're not at max, 32, then we're gauranteed not to have the sign bit
+		if (Neb2_poof_flags > available_poofs_mask || Neb2_poof_flags < 0)
+			Warning(LOCATION, "One or more invalid nebula poofs detected!");
+
+		Neb2_poof_flags = Neb2_poof_flags & available_poofs_mask;
+	}
+
 	// set the mission fog near dist and density
 	float fog_far;
 	neb2_get_adjusted_fog_values(&nNf_near, &fog_far, &nNf_density, nullptr);
@@ -770,7 +789,7 @@ void neb2_calc_poof_fades() {
 			if (pinfo->fade_in) {
 				// Make sure to enable this poof type if we're fading it in
 				if (pinfo->fade_multiplier < 0) {
-					set_bit(Neb2_poof_flags.get(), i);
+					Neb2_poof_flags |= (1 << i);
 					neb2_poof_setup();
 				}
 				pinfo->fade_multiplier = 0.0f + ((float)elapsedTime / pinfo->fade_duration);
@@ -783,7 +802,7 @@ void neb2_calc_poof_fades() {

 				// turn off any faded out poof types
 				if (!pinfo->fade_in) {
-					clear_bit(Neb2_poof_flags.get(), i);
+					Neb2_poof_flags &= ~(1 << i);
 					neb2_poof_setup();
 				}

@@ -803,8 +822,8 @@ void neb2_calc_poof_fades() {

 void neb2_toggle_poof(int poof_idx, bool enabling) {

-	if (enabling) set_bit(Neb2_poof_flags.get(), poof_idx);
-	else clear_bit(Neb2_poof_flags.get(), poof_idx);
+	if (enabling) Neb2_poof_flags |= (1 << poof_idx);
+	else Neb2_poof_flags &= ~(1 << poof_idx);

 	Neb2_poofs.clear();

@@ -1224,10 +1243,10 @@ DCF(neb2_select, "Enables/disables a poof bitmap")

 	dc_stuff_int(&bmap);

-	if ( (bmap >= 0) && (bmap < static_cast<int>(Poof_info.size())) ) {
+	if ( (bmap >= 0) && (bmap < (int)Poof_info.size()) ) {
 		dc_stuff_boolean(&val_b);

-		val_b ? (set_bit(Neb2_poof_flags.get(), bmap)) : (clear_bit(Neb2_poof_flags.get(), bmap));
+		val_b ? (Neb2_poof_flags |= (1<<bmap)) : (Neb2_poof_flags &= ~(1<<bmap));
 	}
 }

@@ -55,7 +55,8 @@ extern float Neb2_fog_visibility_shockwave;
 extern float Neb2_fog_visibility_fireball_const;
 extern float Neb2_fog_visibility_fireball_scaled_factor;

-extern std::unique_ptr<ubyte> Neb2_poof_flags;
+extern int Neb2_poof_flags;
+const size_t MAX_NEB2_POOFS = 32;

 // pof texture filenames
 extern SCP_vector<SCP_string> Neb2_bitmap_filenames;
@@ -1305,7 +1305,7 @@ char *GetTrackerIdByUser(char *nickname)
 	return NULL;
 }

-char *GetChannelByUser(const char *nickname)
+char *GetChannelByUser(char *nickname)
 {
 	char szWhoisCmd[100];
 	
@@ -1332,5 +1332,5 @@ char *GetChannelByUser(const char *nickname)
 		SendChatString(szWhoisCmd,1);
 		GettingUserChannel = 1;
 	}
-	return nullptr;
+	return NULL;
 }
@@ -50,9 +50,6 @@ typedef struct _Chat_command {
 	_Chat_command *next;
 } Chat_command;

-// For returning a player's channel when searching by player name
-extern char User_req_channel[100];
-
 //Prototypes
 void ChatInit(void);
 int ConnectToChatServer(char *serveraddr, char *nickname, char *trackerid);
@@ -64,7 +61,7 @@ char *GetChatUserList();
 int SetNewChatChannel(char *channel);
 char *GetChannelList(void);
 char *GetTrackerIdByUser(char *nickname);
-char *GetChannelByUser(const char *nickname);
+char *GetChannelByUser(char *nickname);

 char *ChatGetString(void);
 const char *GetWordNum(int num, const char *l_String);
@@ -119,7 +119,8 @@ int Multi_button_info_ok = 0;										// flag saying it is ok to apply critical
 int Multi_button_info_id = 0;										// identifier of the stored button info to be applying

 // misc data
-SCP_list<active_game> Active_games;							// list of active games displayed on the Join screen
+active_game* Active_game_head;									// linked list of active games displayed on Join screen
+int Active_game_count;												// for interface screens as well
 CFILE* Multi_chat_stream;											// for streaming multiplayer chat strings to a file
 int Multi_connection_speed;										// connection speed of this machine.
 int Multi_num_players_at_start = 0;								// the # of players present (kept track of only on the server) at the very start of the mission
@@ -130,9 +131,9 @@ server_item* Game_server_head;								// list of permanent game servers to be qu

 // timestamp data
 int Netgame_send_time = -1;							// timestamp used to send netgame info to players before misison starts
-time_t State_send_time = -1;								// timestamp used to send state information to the host before a mission starts
+int State_send_time = -1;								// timestamp used to send state information to the host before a mission starts
 int Gameinfo_send_time = -1;							// timestamp used by master to send game information to clients
-time_t Next_ping_time = -1;								// when we should next ping all
+int Next_ping_time = -1;								// when we should next ping all
 int Multi_server_check_count = 0;					// var to keep track of reentrancy when checking server status
 int Next_bytes_time = -1;								// bytes sent

@@ -248,7 +249,7 @@ void multi_vars_init()
 	Multi_current_file_checksum = 0;
 	Multi_current_file_length = -1;

-	Active_games.clear();
+	Active_game_head = NULL;
 	Game_server_head = NULL;

 	// only the server should ever care about this
@@ -1198,7 +1199,7 @@ void multi_do_frame()
 		
 		// ping everyone
 		multi_ping_send_all();
-		Next_ping_time = time(NULL);		
+		Next_ping_time = (int) time(NULL);		
 	}	
 	
 	// if I am the master, and we are not yet actually playing the mission, send off netgame
@@ -1218,7 +1219,7 @@ void multi_do_frame()
 					send_netplayer_update_packet();
 				}				
 				
-				State_send_time = time(NULL);
+				State_send_time = (int) time(NULL);
 			}
 		}
 	}
@@ -1403,7 +1404,7 @@ void multi_pause_do_frame()
 	if((Next_ping_time < 0) || ((time(NULL) - Next_ping_time) > PING_SEND_TIME) ){
 		multi_ping_send_all();
 		
-		Next_ping_time = time(NULL);
+		Next_ping_time = (int) time(NULL);
 	}

 	// periodically send a client update packet to all clients
@@ -414,7 +414,7 @@ typedef struct net_player_server_info {
 	UI_TIMESTAMP	kick_timestamp;									// timestamp with which we'll disconnect a player if he hasn't reponded to a kick packet
 	int				kick_reason;										// reason he was kicked
 	UI_TIMESTAMP    voice_token_timestamp;							// timestamp set when a player loses a token (so we can prevent him from getting it again too quickly)
-	time_t				reliable_connect_time;							// after sending an accept packet, wait for this long for the guy to connect on the reliable socket
+	int				reliable_connect_time;							// after sending an accept packet, wait for this long for the guy to connect on the reliable socket

 	// weapon select/linking information (maintained on the server and passed on respawn to all clients)
 	char				cur_primary_bank;									// currently selected primary bank
@@ -465,7 +465,7 @@ typedef struct net_player_server_info {
 		num_last_buttons = 0;
 		xfer_handle = -1;
 		kick_reason = 0;
-		reliable_connect_time = -1;
+		reliable_connect_time = 0;

 		cur_primary_bank = 0;
 		cur_secondary_bank = 0;
@@ -643,6 +643,7 @@ typedef struct netgame_info {
 #define AG_FLAG_STATE_MASK						(AG_FLAG_FORMING|AG_FLAG_BRIEFING|AG_FLAG_DEBRIEF|AG_FLAG_PAUSE|AG_FLAG_IN_MISSION)

 typedef struct active_game {
+	active_game		*next, *prev;				// next and previous elements in the list	
 	UI_TIMESTAMP	heard_from_timer;			// when we last heard from the game
 	
 	char		name[MAX_GAMENAME_LEN+1];
@@ -655,6 +656,8 @@ typedef struct active_game {
 	ping_struct ping;								// ping time to the server

 	void init() {
+		next = nullptr;
+		prev = nullptr;
 		num_players = 0;
 		flags = 0;
 		version = 0;
@@ -887,7 +890,8 @@ extern int Multi_button_info_id;										// identifier of the stored button inf
 #define HEADER_LENGTH	1											// 1 byte (packet type)

 // misc data
-extern SCP_list<active_game> Active_games;						// list of active games displayed on the Join screen
+extern active_game* Active_game_head;								// linked list of active games displayed on Join screen
+extern int Active_game_count;											// for interface screens as well
 extern CFILE* Multi_chat_stream;										// for streaming multiplayer chat strings to a file
 extern int Multi_num_players_at_start;								// the # of players present (kept track of only on the server) at the very start of the mission
 extern short Multi_id_num;												// for assigning player id #'s
@@ -1028,10 +1028,13 @@ void process_ingame_ships_packet( ubyte *data, header *hinfo )
 			GET_INT(Wings[wing_data].current_wave);			
 		}

-		// lookup ship in the registry
-		auto entry = ship_registry_get(ship_name);
-		p_objp = entry ? entry->p_objp_or_null() : nullptr;
-		if (p_objp == nullptr) {
+		// lookup ship in the original ships array
+		p_objp = mission_parse_get_parse_object(ship_name);
+		if(p_objp == NULL){
+			// if this ship is part of wing not on its current wave, look for its "original" by subtracting out wave #
+			p_objp = mission_parse_get_arrival_ship(ship_name);
+		}
+		if(p_objp == NULL){
 			mprintf(("ABORTING in-game join since FSO couldn't find ship %s in either arrival list or in mission!\n", ship_name));
 			multi_quit_game(PROMPT_NONE, MULTI_END_NOTIFY_NONE, MULTI_END_ERROR_INGAME_BOGUS);
 			return;