fix(ui): accumulate page key scrolling

Replace Chromium smooth scrolling for PageUp and PageDown with a short owned tween. Repeated key presses now extend the active target instead of cancelling and restarting browser easing.

bun.lock

@@ -395,7 +395,6 @@
         "ignore": "7.0.5",
         "immer": "11.1.4",
         "jsonc-parser": "3.3.1",
-        "mime-types": "3.0.2",
         "tree-sitter-bash": "0.25.0",
         "tree-sitter-powershell": "0.25.10",
         "turndown": "7.2.0",

packages/ai/src/protocols/gemini.ts

@@ -25,20 +25,8 @@ import { ToolSchemaProjection } from "./utils/tool-schema"
 
 const ADAPTER = "gemini"
 const MEDIA_MIMES = new Set<string>(ProviderShared.MEDIA_MIMES)
-// Google documents this sentinel for replaying Gemini 3 function calls after their original signature was lost.
-const SKIP_THOUGHT_SIGNATURE_VALIDATOR = "skip_thought_signature_validator"
 export const DEFAULT_BASE_URL = "https://generativelanguage.googleapis.com/v1beta"
 
-// Gemini 3 rejects replayed function calls without a thought signature. Google's SDKs avoid that in normal chats by
-// retaining complete model responses, but OpenCode reconstructs durable history and may encounter an unsigned call
-// from an older or external session. Model IDs are open-ended, so unknown Gemini aliases inherit current behavior.
-const requiresThoughtSignatureFallback = (modelID: string) => {
-  if (!/(^|\/)gemini-/i.test(modelID)) return false
-  if (/(^|\/)gemini-(?:1|2)(?:[.-]|$)/i.test(modelID)) return false
-  if (/(^|\/)gemini-pro(?:-vision)?$/i.test(modelID)) return false
-  return !/(^|\/)gemini-robotics-er-1\.5(?:[.-]|$)/i.test(modelID)
-}
-
 export interface OptionsInput {
   readonly [key: string]: unknown
   readonly cachedContent?: string
@@ -157,9 +145,6 @@ const GeminiGenerationConfig = Schema.Struct({
   temperature: Schema.optional(Schema.Number),
   topP: Schema.optional(Schema.Number),
   topK: Schema.optional(Schema.Number),
-  frequencyPenalty: Schema.optional(Schema.Number),
-  presencePenalty: Schema.optional(Schema.Number),
-  seed: Schema.optional(Schema.Number),
   stopSequences: optionalArray(Schema.String),
   thinkingConfig: Schema.optional(GeminiThinkingConfig),
 })
@@ -217,13 +202,11 @@ interface ParserState {
 //    keys on non-object scalars. Mirrors OpenCode's historical Gemini rules.
 //
 // 2. Project — lossy mapping from JSON Schema to Gemini's schema dialect:
-//    drop empty root parameter schemas while preserving nested empty objects,
-//    expand type arrays into `anyOf`, derive `nullable: true` from null members,
-//    coerce `const` to `[const]` enum, recurse properties/items, and propagate
+//    drop empty objects, derive `nullable: true` from `type: [..., "null"]`,
+//    coerce `const` to `[const]` enum, recurse properties/items, propagate
 //    only an allowlisted set of keys (description, required, format, type,
-//    nullable, enum, properties, items, allOf, anyOf, oneOf, minLength).
-//    Anything outside the allowlist (e.g. `additionalProperties`, `$ref`) is
-//    silently dropped.
+//    properties, items, allOf, anyOf, oneOf, minLength). Anything outside the
+//    allowlist (e.g. `additionalProperties`, `$ref`) is silently dropped.
 //
 // Sanitize runs first, then project. The implementation lives in
 // `utils/gemini-tool-schema` so this protocol keeps the same shape as the other
@@ -299,8 +282,6 @@ const lowerMessages = Effect.fn("Gemini.lowerMessages")(function* (request: LLMR
 
     if (message.role === "assistant") {
       const parts: Array<Schema.Schema.Type<typeof GeminiContentPart>> = []
-      // Parallel Gemini 3 calls may carry one signature on the first call; unsigned sibling calls are valid.
-      let hasSignedToolCall = false
       for (const part of message.content) {
         if (!ProviderShared.supportsContent(part, ["text", "reasoning", "tool-call"]))
           return yield* ProviderShared.unsupportedContent("Gemini", "assistant", ["text", "reasoning", "tool-call"])
@@ -313,17 +294,7 @@ const lowerMessages = Effect.fn("Gemini.lowerMessages")(function* (request: LLMR
           continue
         }
         if (part.type === "tool-call") {
-          const lowered = lowerToolCall(part)
-          const signature = lowered.thoughtSignature
-          parts.push({
-            ...lowered,
-            thoughtSignature:
-              signature ??
-              (requiresThoughtSignatureFallback(request.model.id) && !hasSignedToolCall
-                ? SKIP_THOUGHT_SIGNATURE_VALIDATOR
-                : undefined),
-          })
-          if (signature !== undefined) hasSignedToolCall = true
+          parts.push(lowerToolCall(part))
           continue
         }
       }
@@ -417,9 +388,6 @@ const fromRequest = Effect.fn("Gemini.fromRequest")(function* (request: LLMReque
     temperature: generation?.temperature,
     topP: generation?.topP,
     topK: generation?.topK,
-    frequencyPenalty: generation?.frequencyPenalty,
-    presencePenalty: generation?.presencePenalty,
-    seed: generation?.seed,
     stopSequences: generation?.stop,
     thinkingConfig: options.thinkingConfig,
   }

packages/ai/src/protocols/open-responses.ts

@@ -90,15 +90,10 @@ const OpenResponsesFunctionCallOutput = Schema.Union([
 ])
 
 export const InputItem = Schema.Union([
-  Schema.Struct({ role: Schema.tag("system"), id: Schema.optionalKey(Schema.String), content: Schema.String }),
-  Schema.Struct({
-    role: Schema.tag("user"),
-    id: Schema.optionalKey(Schema.String),
-    content: Schema.Array(OpenResponsesInputContent),
-  }),
+  Schema.Struct({ role: Schema.tag("system"), content: Schema.String }),
+  Schema.Struct({ role: Schema.tag("user"), content: Schema.Array(OpenResponsesInputContent) }),
   Schema.Struct({
     role: Schema.tag("assistant"),
-    id: Schema.optionalKey(Schema.String),
     content: Schema.Array(OpenResponsesOutputText),
     phase: Schema.optionalKey(MessagePhase),
   }),
@@ -106,23 +101,19 @@ export const InputItem = Schema.Union([
   OpenResponsesItemReference,
   Schema.Struct({
     type: Schema.tag("function_call"),
-    id: Schema.optionalKey(Schema.String),
     call_id: Schema.String,
     name: Schema.String,
     arguments: Schema.String,
   }),
   Schema.Struct({
     type: Schema.tag("function_call_output"),
-    id: Schema.optionalKey(Schema.String),
     call_id: Schema.String,
     output: OpenResponsesFunctionCallOutput,
   }),
 ])
 type OpenResponsesInputItem = Schema.Schema.Type<typeof InputItem>
-type ProviderInputItem = Readonly<Record<string, unknown>> & { readonly type: string; readonly id?: string }
 type LoweredInputItem =
   | OpenResponsesInputItem
-  | ProviderInputItem
   | {
       readonly role: "assistant"
       readonly content: ReadonlyArray<{ readonly type: "output_text"; readonly text: string }>
@@ -137,7 +128,7 @@ type OpenResponsesReasoningInput = {
   summary: Array<{ type: "summary_text"; text: string }>
   encrypted_content?: string | null
 }
-type OpenResponsesReasoningReplay = Omit<OpenResponsesReasoningInput, "id"> & { id?: string }
+type OpenResponsesReasoningReplay = Omit<OpenResponsesReasoningInput, "id">
 
 export const Tool = Schema.Struct({
   type: Schema.tag("function"),
@@ -263,11 +254,6 @@ export interface Extension {
     readonly request: LLMRequest
   }) => MediaInput | undefined
   readonly messagePhase?: (value: unknown) => MessagePhase | null | undefined
-  readonly lowerProviderItem?: (
-    part: ToolResultPart,
-    providerMetadataKey: string,
-    store: boolean | undefined,
-  ) => ProviderInputItem | undefined
 }
 
 const BASE: Extension = { id: ADAPTER, name: NAME }
@@ -324,17 +310,6 @@ export const lowerToolChoice = (protocolName: string, toolChoice: NonNullable<LL
     tool: (toolName) => ({ type: "function" as const, name: toolName }),
   })
 
-const metadataItemID = (
-  part: { readonly itemId?: string; readonly providerMetadata?: ProviderMetadata },
-  providerMetadataKey: string,
-) => {
-  if (part.itemId) return part.itemId
-  const metadata = part.providerMetadata?.[providerMetadataKey]
-  return ProviderShared.isRecord(metadata) && typeof metadata.itemId === "string" && metadata.itemId.length > 0
-    ? metadata.itemId
-    : undefined
-}
-
 const lowerToolCall = (part: ToolCallPart): OpenResponsesInputItem => ({
   type: "function_call",
   call_id: part.id,
@@ -344,23 +319,26 @@ const lowerToolCall = (part: ToolCallPart): OpenResponsesInputItem => ({
 
 const lowerReasoning = (part: ReasoningPart, providerMetadataKey: string): OpenResponsesReasoningInput | undefined => {
   const metadata = part.providerMetadata?.[providerMetadataKey]
-  const itemId = metadataItemID(part, providerMetadataKey)
-  if (!itemId) return undefined
+  if (!ProviderShared.isRecord(metadata) || typeof metadata.itemId !== "string" || metadata.itemId.length === 0)
+    return undefined
   const encryptedContent =
-    ProviderShared.isRecord(metadata) &&
-    (typeof metadata.reasoningEncryptedContent === "string" || metadata.reasoningEncryptedContent === null)
+    typeof metadata.reasoningEncryptedContent === "string" || metadata.reasoningEncryptedContent === null
       ? metadata.reasoningEncryptedContent
       : undefined
   return {
     type: "reasoning",
-    id: itemId,
+    id: metadata.itemId,
     summary: part.text.length > 0 ? [{ type: "summary_text", text: part.text }] : [],
     encrypted_content: encryptedContent,
   }
 }
 
-const hostedToolItemID = (part: ToolResultPart, providerMetadataKey: string) =>
-  metadataItemID(part, providerMetadataKey)
+const hostedToolItemID = (part: ToolResultPart, providerMetadataKey: string) => {
+  const metadata = part.providerMetadata?.[providerMetadataKey]
+  return ProviderShared.isRecord(metadata) && typeof metadata.itemId === "string" && metadata.itemId.length > 0
+    ? metadata.itemId
+    : undefined
+}
 
 const lowerMedia = Effect.fn("OpenResponses.lowerMedia")(function* (
   part: MediaPart,
@@ -419,18 +397,17 @@ const lowerToolResultOutput = Effect.fn("OpenResponses.lowerToolResultOutput")(f
 })
 
 const lowerMessages = Effect.fn("OpenResponses.lowerMessages")(function* (request: LLMRequest, extension: Extension) {
-  const options = OpenResponsesOptions.resolve(request)
   const system: LoweredInputItem[] =
     request.system.length === 0 ? [] : [{ role: "system", content: ProviderShared.joinText(request.system) }]
   const input: LoweredInputItem[] = [...system]
-  const store = options.store
+  const store = OpenResponsesOptions.resolve(request).store
   const providerMetadataKey = request.model.route.providerMetadataKey ?? "openresponses"
 
   for (const message of request.messages) {
     if (message.role === "system") {
       const part = yield* ProviderShared.wrappedSystemUpdate(extension.name, message)
       const previous = input.at(-1)
-      if (previous && "role" in previous && previous.role === "user" && Array.isArray(previous.content))
+      if (previous && "role" in previous && previous.role === "user")
         input[input.length - 1] = {
           role: "user",
           content: [...previous.content, { type: "input_text", text: part.text }],
@@ -450,24 +427,24 @@ const lowerMessages = Effect.fn("OpenResponses.lowerMessages")(function* (reques
     if (message.role === "assistant") {
       const content: TextPart[] = []
       const reasoningItems: Record<string, OpenResponsesReasoningReplay> = {}
-      const hostedToolItems = new Set<string>()
+      const reasoningReferences = new Set<string>()
+      const hostedToolReferences = new Set<string>()
       const flushText = () => {
         if (content.length === 0) return
-        const groups = content.reduce<
-          Array<{ phase: MessagePhase | null | undefined; itemId: string | undefined; parts: TextPart[] }>
-        >((groups, part) => {
-          const metadata = part.providerMetadata?.[providerMetadataKey]
-          const phase = ProviderShared.isRecord(metadata) ? messagePhase(metadata.phase, extension) : undefined
-          const itemId = metadataItemID(part, providerMetadataKey)
-          const group = groups.at(-1)
-          if (group && group.phase === phase && group.itemId === itemId) group.parts.push(part)
-          else groups.push({ phase, itemId, parts: [part] })
-          return groups
-        }, [])
+        const groups = content.reduce<Array<{ phase: MessagePhase | null | undefined; parts: TextPart[] }>>(
+          (groups, part) => {
+            const metadata = part.providerMetadata?.[providerMetadataKey]
+            const phase = ProviderShared.isRecord(metadata) ? messagePhase(metadata.phase, extension) : undefined
+            const group = groups.at(-1)
+            if (group && group.phase === phase) group.parts.push(part)
+            else groups.push({ phase, parts: [part] })
+            return groups
+          },
+          [],
+        )
         input.push(
           ...groups.map((group) => ({
             role: "assistant" as const,
-            ...(group.itemId === undefined ? {} : { id: group.itemId }),
             content: group.parts.map((part) => ({ type: "output_text" as const, text: part.text })),
             ...(group.phase === undefined ? {} : { phase: group.phase }),
           })),
@@ -483,6 +460,11 @@ const lowerMessages = Effect.fn("OpenResponses.lowerMessages")(function* (reques
           flushText()
           const reasoning = lowerReasoning(part, providerMetadataKey)
           if (!reasoning) continue
+          if (store !== false) {
+            if (!reasoningReferences.has(reasoning.id)) input.push({ type: "item_reference", id: reasoning.id })
+            reasoningReferences.add(reasoning.id)
+            continue
+          }
           const existing = reasoningItems[reasoning.id]
           if (existing) {
             existing.summary.push(...reasoning.summary)
@@ -492,7 +474,6 @@ const lowerMessages = Effect.fn("OpenResponses.lowerMessages")(function* (reques
           }
           const replay = {
             type: reasoning.type,
-            id: reasoning.id,
             summary: reasoning.summary,
             encrypted_content: reasoning.encrypted_content,
           }
@@ -509,18 +490,16 @@ const lowerMessages = Effect.fn("OpenResponses.lowerMessages")(function* (reques
         if (part.type === "tool-result" && part.providerExecuted === true) {
           flushText()
           const itemID = hostedToolItemID(part, providerMetadataKey)
-          const providerItem = extension.lowerProviderItem?.(part, providerMetadataKey, store)
-          if (providerItem && itemID && !hostedToolItems.has(itemID)) input.push(providerItem)
-          if (!providerItem && store !== false && itemID && !hostedToolItems.has(itemID))
+          if (store !== false && itemID && !hostedToolReferences.has(itemID))
             input.push({ type: "item_reference", id: itemID })
-          if (!providerItem && store === false && part.result.type === "content") {
+          if (store === false && part.result.type === "content") {
             const content: ReadonlyArray<Content> = part.result.value
             input.push({
               role: "user",
               content: yield* Effect.forEach(content, (item) => lowerToolResultContentItem(item, request, extension)),
             })
           }
-          if (itemID) hostedToolItems.add(itemID)
+          if (itemID) hostedToolReferences.add(itemID)
           continue
         }
         return yield* ProviderShared.unsupportedContent(extension.name, "assistant", [
@@ -662,9 +641,9 @@ const onOutputTextDelta = (state: ParserState, event: Event, id: string): StepRe
   if (!event.delta) return [state, NO_EVENTS]
   const events: LLMEvent[] = []
   const phase = state.messagePhases[id]
-  const metadata = providerMetadata(state, { itemId: id, ...(phase === undefined ? {} : { phase }) })
-  const lifecycle = Lifecycle.textStart(state.lifecycle, events, id, metadata, id)
-  return [{ ...state, lifecycle: Lifecycle.textDelta(lifecycle, events, id, event.delta, metadata, id) }, events]
+  const metadata = phase === undefined ? undefined : providerMetadata(state, { phase })
+  const lifecycle = Lifecycle.textStart(state.lifecycle, events, id, metadata)
+  return [{ ...state, lifecycle: Lifecycle.textDelta(lifecycle, events, id, event.delta) }, events]
 }
 
 const onOutputTextDone = (state: ParserState, event: Event, id: string): StepResult => {
@@ -673,13 +652,7 @@ const onOutputTextDone = (state: ParserState, event: Event, id: string): StepRes
     return onOutputTextDelta(state, { ...event, delta: event.text }, id)
   }
   const events: LLMEvent[] = []
-  return [
-    {
-      ...state,
-      lifecycle: Lifecycle.textEnd(state.lifecycle, events, id, providerMetadata(state, { itemId: id }), id),
-    },
-    events,
-  ]
+  return [{ ...state, lifecycle: Lifecycle.textEnd(state.lifecycle, events, id) }, events]
 }
 
 export const onReasoningDelta = (state: ParserState, event: Event, itemID: string): StepResult => {
@@ -690,14 +663,7 @@ export const onReasoningDelta = (state: ParserState, event: Event, itemID: strin
   return [
     {
       ...state,
-      lifecycle: Lifecycle.reasoningDelta(
-        state.lifecycle,
-        events,
-        id,
-        event.delta,
-        providerMetadata(state, { itemId: itemID }),
-        itemID,
-      ),
+      lifecycle: Lifecycle.reasoningDelta(state.lifecycle, events, id, event.delta),
     },
     events,
   ]
@@ -739,13 +705,7 @@ const onOutputItemAdded = (state: ParserState, event: Event): StepResult => {
     return [
       {
         ...state,
-        lifecycle: Lifecycle.reasoningStart(
-          state.lifecycle,
-          events,
-          `${item.id}:0`,
-          reasoningMetadata(state, item),
-          item.id,
-        ),
+        lifecycle: Lifecycle.reasoningStart(state.lifecycle, events, `${item.id}:0`, reasoningMetadata(state, item)),
         reasoningItems: {
           ...state.reasoningItems,
           [item.id]: { encryptedContent: item.encrypted_content, summaryParts: { 0: "active" } },
@@ -764,7 +724,6 @@ const onOutputItemAdded = (state: ParserState, event: Event): StepResult => {
       lifecycle,
       tools: ToolStream.start(state.tools, item.id, {
         id: item.call_id ?? item.id,
-        itemId: item.id,
         name: item.name ?? "",
         input: item.arguments ?? "",
         providerMetadata: metadata,
@@ -772,12 +731,7 @@ const onOutputItemAdded = (state: ParserState, event: Event): StepResult => {
     },
     [
       ...events,
-      LLMEvent.toolInputStart({
-        id: item.call_id ?? item.id,
-        itemId: item.id,
-        name: item.name ?? "",
-        providerMetadata: metadata,
-      }),
+      LLMEvent.toolInputStart({ id: item.call_id ?? item.id, name: item.name ?? "", providerMetadata: metadata }),
     ],
   ]
 }
@@ -796,7 +750,6 @@ const onReasoningSummaryPartAdded = (state: ParserState, event: Event): StepResu
           events,
           `${event.item_id}:0`,
           providerMetadata(state, { itemId: event.item_id, reasoningEncryptedContent: null }),
-          event.item_id,
         ),
         reasoningItems: {
           ...state.reasoningItems,
@@ -817,7 +770,6 @@ const onReasoningSummaryPartAdded = (state: ParserState, event: Event): StepResu
           events,
           `${event.item_id}:${entry[0]}`,
           providerMetadata(state, { itemId: event.item_id }),
-          event.item_id,
         ),
       state.lifecycle,
     )
@@ -829,7 +781,6 @@ const onReasoningSummaryPartAdded = (state: ParserState, event: Event): StepResu
         events,
         `${event.item_id}:${event.summary_index}`,
         providerMetadata(state, { itemId: event.item_id, reasoningEncryptedContent: item.encryptedContent ?? null }),
-        event.item_id,
       ),
       reasoningItems: {
         ...state.reasoningItems,
@@ -865,7 +816,6 @@ const onReasoningSummaryPartDone = (state: ParserState, event: Event): StepResul
               events,
               `${event.item_id}:${event.summary_index}`,
               providerMetadata(state, { itemId: event.item_id }),
-              event.item_id,
             )
           : state.lifecycle,
       reasoningItems: {
@@ -920,8 +870,7 @@ const onOutputItemDone = Effect.fn("OpenResponses.onOutputItemDone")(function* (
           state.lifecycle,
           events,
           item.id,
-          providerMetadata(state, { itemId: item.id, ...(phase === undefined ? {} : { phase }) }),
-          item.id,
+          phase === undefined ? undefined : providerMetadata(state, { phase }),
         ),
         messageItems,
         messagePhases,
@@ -932,15 +881,9 @@ const onOutputItemDone = Effect.fn("OpenResponses.onOutputItemDone")(function* (
 
   if (item.type === "function_call") {
     if (!item.id || !item.call_id || !item.name) return [state, NO_EVENTS] satisfies StepResult
-    const metadata = providerMetadata(state, { itemId: item.id })
     const tools = state.tools[item.id]
       ? state.tools
-      : ToolStream.start(state.tools, item.id, {
-          id: item.call_id,
-          itemId: item.id,
-          name: item.name,
-          providerMetadata: metadata,
-        })
+      : ToolStream.start(state.tools, item.id, { id: item.call_id, name: item.name })
     const result =
       item.arguments === undefined
         ? yield* ToolStream.finish(state.id, tools, item.id)
@@ -970,7 +913,7 @@ const onOutputItemDone = Effect.fn("OpenResponses.onOutputItemDone")(function* (
       const lifecycle = Object.entries(reasoningItem.summaryParts)
         .filter((entry) => entry[1] === "active" || entry[1] === "can-conclude")
         .reduce(
-          (lifecycle, entry) => Lifecycle.reasoningEnd(lifecycle, events, `${item.id}:${entry[0]}`, metadata, item.id),
+          (lifecycle, entry) => Lifecycle.reasoningEnd(lifecycle, events, `${item.id}:${entry[0]}`, metadata),
           state.lifecycle,
         )
       const { [item.id]: _removed, ...reasoningItems } = state.reasoningItems
@@ -978,12 +921,12 @@ const onOutputItemDone = Effect.fn("OpenResponses.onOutputItemDone")(function* (
     }
     if (!state.lifecycle.reasoning.has(item.id)) {
       const lifecycle = Lifecycle.stepStart(state.lifecycle, events)
-      events.push(LLMEvent.reasoningStart({ id: item.id, itemId: item.id, providerMetadata: metadata }))
-      events.push(LLMEvent.reasoningEnd({ id: item.id, itemId: item.id, providerMetadata: metadata }))
+      events.push(LLMEvent.reasoningStart({ id: item.id, providerMetadata: metadata }))
+      events.push(LLMEvent.reasoningEnd({ id: item.id, providerMetadata: metadata }))
       return [{ ...state, lifecycle }, events] satisfies StepResult
     }
     return [
-      { ...state, lifecycle: Lifecycle.reasoningEnd(state.lifecycle, events, item.id, metadata, item.id) },
+      { ...state, lifecycle: Lifecycle.reasoningEnd(state.lifecycle, events, item.id, metadata) },
       events,
     ] satisfies StepResult
   }

packages/ai/src/protocols/openai-responses.ts

@@ -38,14 +38,10 @@ const OpenAIResponsesToolChoice = Schema.Union([
 const OpenAIResponsesInputItem = Schema.Union([
   Schema.Struct({
     role: Schema.tag("assistant"),
-    id: Schema.optionalKey(Schema.String),
     content: Schema.Array(Schema.Struct({ type: Schema.tag("output_text"), text: Schema.String })),
     phase: Schema.optionalKey(Schema.NullOr(OpenResponses.MessagePhase)),
   }),
   OpenResponses.InputItem,
-  Schema.StructWithRest(Schema.Struct({ type: Schema.String, id: Schema.optionalKey(Schema.String) }), [
-    Schema.Record(Schema.String, Schema.Unknown),
-  ]),
 ])
 
 const OpenAIResponsesCoreFields = {
@@ -84,25 +80,6 @@ const extension = {
       mime_type: media.mime,
     }
   },
-  lowerProviderItem: (part, providerMetadataKey, store) => {
-    const metadata = part.providerMetadata?.[providerMetadataKey]
-    if (!ProviderShared.isRecord(metadata) || !ProviderShared.isRecord(metadata.item)) return undefined
-    if (typeof metadata.item.type !== "string") return undefined
-    const id = typeof metadata.item.id === "string" ? metadata.item.id : undefined
-    // The public API requires stored state to replay image-generation items. In
-    // stateless mode, lower the generated file through the existing user-image fallback.
-    if (metadata.item.type === "image_generation_call" && store === false) return undefined
-    if (metadata.item.type === "image_generation_call")
-      return {
-        type: metadata.item.type,
-        ...(id === undefined ? {} : { id }),
-        ...(typeof metadata.item.status === "string" ? { status: metadata.item.status } : {}),
-        ...(typeof metadata.item.revised_prompt === "string" ? { revised_prompt: metadata.item.revised_prompt } : {}),
-        ...(typeof metadata.item.result === "string" ? { result: metadata.item.result } : {}),
-      }
-    const item: Record<string, unknown> & { type: string } = { ...metadata.item, type: metadata.item.type }
-    return item
-  },
 } satisfies OpenResponses.Extension
 
 const nativeImageToolInput = (tool: ToolDefinition) => {
@@ -218,29 +195,23 @@ const onHostedToolDone = Effect.fn("OpenAIResponses.onHostedToolDone")(function*
   item: HostedToolItem,
 ) {
   const tool = HOSTED_TOOLS[item.type]
-  const callMetadata = OpenResponses.providerMetadata(state, { itemId: item.id })
-  const resultMetadata = OpenResponses.providerMetadata(
-    state,
-    item.type === "image_generation_call" ? { itemId: item.id } : { itemId: item.id, item },
-  )
+  const providerMetadata = OpenResponses.providerMetadata(state, { itemId: item.id })
   const events: LLMEvent[] = []
   const lifecycle = Lifecycle.stepStart(state.lifecycle, events)
   events.push(
     LLMEvent.toolCall({
       id: item.id,
-      itemId: item.id,
       name: tool.name,
       input: tool.input(item),
       providerExecuted: true,
-      providerMetadata: callMetadata,
+      providerMetadata,
     }),
     LLMEvent.toolResult({
       id: item.id,
-      itemId: item.id,
       name: tool.name,
       result: yield* hostedToolResult(item),
       providerExecuted: true,
-      providerMetadata: resultMetadata,
+      providerMetadata,
     }),
   )
   return [{ ...state, lifecycle }, events] satisfies OpenResponses.StepResult

packages/ai/src/protocols/utils/gemini-tool-schema.ts

@@ -61,57 +61,37 @@ const emptyObjectSchema = (schema: Record<string, unknown>) =>
   (!isRecord(schema.properties) || Object.keys(schema.properties).length === 0) &&
   !schema.additionalProperties
 
-const projectNode = (schema: unknown, nested = false): Record<string, unknown> | undefined => {
+const projectNode = (schema: unknown): Record<string, unknown> | undefined => {
   if (!isRecord(schema)) return undefined
-  if (!nested && emptyObjectSchema(schema)) return undefined
-  const types = Array.isArray(schema.type) ? schema.type.filter((type) => type !== "null") : undefined
-  const anyOf = Array.isArray(schema.anyOf) ? schema.anyOf : undefined
-  const hasNullAnyOf = anyOf?.some((item) => isRecord(item) && item.type === "null") ?? false
-  const anyOfTypes = hasNullAnyOf ? anyOf?.filter((item) => !isRecord(item) || item.type !== "null") : anyOf
-  const flattenedAnyOf = hasNullAnyOf && anyOfTypes?.length === 1 ? projectNode(anyOfTypes[0], true) : undefined
-  const result = Object.fromEntries(
+  if (emptyObjectSchema(schema)) return undefined
+  return Object.fromEntries(
     [
       ["description", schema.description],
       ["required", schema.required],
       ["format", schema.format],
-      ["type", types ? (types.length === 0 ? "null" : undefined) : schema.type],
-      [
-        "nullable",
-        (Array.isArray(schema.type) && schema.type.includes("null") && types && types.length > 0) || hasNullAnyOf
-          ? true
-          : undefined,
-      ],
+      ["type", Array.isArray(schema.type) ? schema.type.filter((type) => type !== "null")[0] : schema.type],
+      ["nullable", Array.isArray(schema.type) && schema.type.includes("null") ? true : undefined],
       ["enum", schema.const !== undefined ? [schema.const] : schema.enum],
       [
         "properties",
         isRecord(schema.properties)
-          ? Object.fromEntries(Object.entries(schema.properties).map(([key, value]) => [key, projectNode(value, true)]))
+          ? Object.fromEntries(Object.entries(schema.properties).map(([key, value]) => [key, projectNode(value)]))
           : undefined,
       ],
       [
         "items",
         Array.isArray(schema.items)
-          ? schema.items.map((item) => projectNode(item, true))
+          ? schema.items.map(projectNode)
           : schema.items === undefined
             ? undefined
-            : projectNode(schema.items, true),
+            : projectNode(schema.items),
       ],
-      ["allOf", Array.isArray(schema.allOf) ? schema.allOf.map((item) => projectNode(item, true)) : undefined],
-      [
-        "anyOf",
-        anyOfTypes
-          ? hasNullAnyOf && anyOfTypes.length === 1
-            ? undefined
-            : anyOfTypes.map((item) => projectNode(item, true))
-          : types && types.length > 0
-            ? types.map((type) => ({ type }))
-            : undefined,
-      ],
-      ["oneOf", Array.isArray(schema.oneOf) ? schema.oneOf.map((item) => projectNode(item, true)) : undefined],
+      ["allOf", Array.isArray(schema.allOf) ? schema.allOf.map(projectNode) : undefined],
+      ["anyOf", Array.isArray(schema.anyOf) ? schema.anyOf.map(projectNode) : undefined],
+      ["oneOf", Array.isArray(schema.oneOf) ? schema.oneOf.map(projectNode) : undefined],
       ["minLength", schema.minLength],
     ].filter((entry) => entry[1] !== undefined),
   )
-  return flattenedAnyOf ? { ...result, ...flattenedAnyOf } : result
 }
 
 export const convert = (schema: unknown) => projectNode(sanitizeNode(schema))

packages/ai/src/protocols/utils/lifecycle.ts

@@ -1,10 +1,4 @@
-import {
-  LLMEvent,
-  type FinishReasonDetails,
-  type ProviderMetadata,
-  type ResponseItemID,
-  type Usage,
-} from "../../schema"
+import { LLMEvent, type FinishReasonDetails, type ProviderMetadata, type Usage } from "../../schema"
 
 export interface State {
   readonly stepStarted: boolean
@@ -20,29 +14,16 @@ export const stepStart = (state: State, events: LLMEvent[]): State => {
   return { ...state, stepStarted: true }
 }
 
-export const textStart = (
-  state: State,
-  events: LLMEvent[],
-  id: string,
-  providerMetadata?: ProviderMetadata,
-  itemId?: ResponseItemID,
-): State => {
+export const textStart = (state: State, events: LLMEvent[], id: string, providerMetadata?: ProviderMetadata): State => {
   if (state.text.has(id)) return state
   const stepped = stepStart(state, events)
-  events.push(LLMEvent.textStart({ id, ...(itemId === undefined ? {} : { itemId }), providerMetadata }))
+  events.push(LLMEvent.textStart({ id, providerMetadata }))
   return { ...stepped, text: new Set([...stepped.text, id]) }
 }
 
-export const textDelta = (
-  state: State,
-  events: LLMEvent[],
-  id: string,
-  text: string,
-  providerMetadata?: ProviderMetadata,
-  itemId?: ResponseItemID,
-): State => {
-  const started = textStart(state, events, id, providerMetadata, itemId)
-  events.push(LLMEvent.textDelta({ id, ...(itemId === undefined ? {} : { itemId }), text, providerMetadata }))
+export const textDelta = (state: State, events: LLMEvent[], id: string, text: string): State => {
+  const started = textStart(state, events, id)
+  events.push(LLMEvent.textDelta({ id, text }))
   return started
 }
 
@@ -51,11 +32,10 @@ export const reasoningStart = (
   events: LLMEvent[],
   id: string,
   providerMetadata?: ProviderMetadata,
-  itemId?: ResponseItemID,
 ): State => {
   if (state.reasoning.has(id)) return state
   const stepped = stepStart(state, events)
-  events.push(LLMEvent.reasoningStart({ id, ...(itemId === undefined ? {} : { itemId }), providerMetadata }))
+  events.push(LLMEvent.reasoningStart({ id, providerMetadata }))
   return { ...stepped, reasoning: new Set([...stepped.reasoning, id]) }
 }
 
@@ -65,10 +45,9 @@ export const reasoningDelta = (
   id: string,
   text: string,
   providerMetadata?: ProviderMetadata,
-  itemId?: ResponseItemID,
 ): State => {
-  const started = reasoningStart(state, events, id, providerMetadata, itemId)
-  events.push(LLMEvent.reasoningDelta({ id, ...(itemId === undefined ? {} : { itemId }), text, providerMetadata }))
+  const started = reasoningStart(state, events, id, providerMetadata)
+  events.push(LLMEvent.reasoningDelta({ id, text, providerMetadata }))
   return started
 }
 
@@ -77,26 +56,19 @@ export const reasoningEnd = (
   events: LLMEvent[],
   id: string,
   providerMetadata?: ProviderMetadata,
-  itemId?: ResponseItemID,
 ): State => {
   if (!state.reasoning.has(id)) return state
   const stepped = stepStart(state, events)
-  events.push(LLMEvent.reasoningEnd({ id, ...(itemId === undefined ? {} : { itemId }), providerMetadata }))
+  events.push(LLMEvent.reasoningEnd({ id, providerMetadata }))
   const reasoning = new Set(stepped.reasoning)
   reasoning.delete(id)
   return { ...stepped, reasoning }
 }
 
-export const textEnd = (
-  state: State,
-  events: LLMEvent[],
-  id: string,
-  providerMetadata?: ProviderMetadata,
-  itemId?: ResponseItemID,
-): State => {
+export const textEnd = (state: State, events: LLMEvent[], id: string, providerMetadata?: ProviderMetadata): State => {
   if (!state.text.has(id)) return state
   const stepped = stepStart(state, events)
-  events.push(LLMEvent.textEnd({ id, ...(itemId === undefined ? {} : { itemId }), providerMetadata }))
+  events.push(LLMEvent.textEnd({ id, providerMetadata }))
   const text = new Set(stepped.text)
   text.delete(id)
   return { ...stepped, text }

packages/ai/src/protocols/utils/tool-stream.ts

@@ -1,12 +1,5 @@
 import { Effect } from "effect"
-import {
-  AIError,
-  LLMEvent,
-  type ProviderMetadata,
-  type ResponseItemID,
-  type ToolCall,
-  type ToolInputError,
-} from "../../schema"
+import { AIError, LLMEvent, type ProviderMetadata, type ToolCall, type ToolInputError } from "../../schema"
 import { eventError, parseToolInput, type ToolAccumulator } from "../shared"
 
 type StreamKey = string | number
@@ -17,7 +10,6 @@ type StreamKey = string | number
  * so far, not the parsed object.
  */
 export interface PendingTool extends ToolAccumulator {
-  readonly itemId?: ResponseItemID
   readonly providerExecuted?: boolean
   readonly providerMetadata?: ProviderMetadata
 }
@@ -60,7 +52,6 @@ const withoutTool = <K extends StreamKey>(tools: State<K>, key: K): State<K> =>
 const inputStart = (tool: PendingTool) =>
   LLMEvent.toolInputStart({
     id: tool.id,
-    ...(tool.itemId === undefined ? {} : { itemId: tool.itemId }),
     name: tool.name,
     providerExecuted: tool.providerExecuted ? true : undefined,
     providerMetadata: tool.providerMetadata,
@@ -69,7 +60,6 @@ const inputStart = (tool: PendingTool) =>
 const inputDelta = (tool: PendingTool, text: string) =>
   LLMEvent.toolInputDelta({
     id: tool.id,
-    ...(tool.itemId === undefined ? {} : { itemId: tool.itemId }),
     name: tool.name,
     text,
   })
@@ -80,7 +70,6 @@ const toolCall = (route: string, tool: PendingTool, inputOverride?: string) => {
     Effect.map((input): ToolCall | ToolInputError =>
       LLMEvent.toolCall({
         id: tool.id,
-        ...(tool.itemId === undefined ? {} : { itemId: tool.itemId }),
         name: tool.name,
         input,
         providerExecuted: tool.providerExecuted ? true : undefined,
@@ -93,7 +82,6 @@ const toolCall = (route: string, tool: PendingTool, inputOverride?: string) => {
         : Effect.succeed(
             LLMEvent.toolInputError({
               id: tool.id,
-              ...(tool.itemId === undefined ? {} : { itemId: tool.itemId }),
               name: tool.name,
               raw,
             }),
@@ -105,15 +93,7 @@ const toolCall = (route: string, tool: PendingTool, inputOverride?: string) => {
 const finishEvents = (tool: PendingTool, event: ToolCall | ToolInputError): ReadonlyArray<LLMEvent> =>
   event.type === "tool-input-error"
     ? [event]
-    : [
-        LLMEvent.toolInputEnd({
-          id: tool.id,
-          ...(tool.itemId === undefined ? {} : { itemId: tool.itemId }),
-          name: tool.name,
-          providerMetadata: tool.providerMetadata,
-        }),
-        event,
-      ]
+    : [LLMEvent.toolInputEnd({ id: tool.id, name: tool.name, providerMetadata: tool.providerMetadata }), event]
 
 /** Store the updated tool and produce the optional public delta event. */
 const appendTool = <K extends StreamKey>(
@@ -168,7 +148,6 @@ export const appendOrStart = <K extends StreamKey>(
     id,
     name,
     input: `${current?.input ?? ""}${delta.text}`,
-    itemId: current?.itemId,
     providerExecuted: current?.providerExecuted,
     providerMetadata: current?.providerMetadata,
   }

packages/ai/src/schema/events.ts

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 import { Schema } from "effect"
-import { ContentBlockID, FinishReason, ProviderMetadata, ResponseItemID, ToolCallID } from "./ids"
+import { ContentBlockID, FinishReason, ProviderMetadata, ToolCallID } from "./ids"
 import { Message, ToolCallPart, ToolOutput, ToolResultPart, ToolResultValue, type ContentPart } from "./messages"
 import { ProviderFailureClassification } from "./errors"
 
@@ -84,7 +84,6 @@ export type StepStart = Schema.Schema.Type<typeof StepStart>
 export const TextStart = Schema.Struct({
   type: Schema.tag("text-start"),
   id: ContentBlockID,
-  itemId: Schema.optional(ResponseItemID),
   providerMetadata: Schema.optional(ProviderMetadata),
 }).annotate({ identifier: "LLM.Event.TextStart" })
 export type TextStart = Schema.Schema.Type<typeof TextStart>
@@ -93,7 +92,6 @@ export const TextDelta = Schema.Struct({
   type: Schema.tag("text-delta"),
   id: ContentBlockID,
   text: Schema.String,
-  itemId: Schema.optional(ResponseItemID),
   providerMetadata: Schema.optional(ProviderMetadata),
 }).annotate({ identifier: "LLM.Event.TextDelta" })
 export type TextDelta = Schema.Schema.Type<typeof TextDelta>
@@ -101,7 +99,6 @@ export type TextDelta = Schema.Schema.Type<typeof TextDelta>
 export const TextEnd = Schema.Struct({
   type: Schema.tag("text-end"),
   id: ContentBlockID,
-  itemId: Schema.optional(ResponseItemID),
   providerMetadata: Schema.optional(ProviderMetadata),
 }).annotate({ identifier: "LLM.Event.TextEnd" })
 export type TextEnd = Schema.Schema.Type<typeof TextEnd>
@@ -109,7 +106,6 @@ export type TextEnd = Schema.Schema.Type<typeof TextEnd>
 export const ReasoningStart = Schema.Struct({
   type: Schema.tag("reasoning-start"),
   id: ContentBlockID,
-  itemId: Schema.optional(ResponseItemID),
   providerMetadata: Schema.optional(ProviderMetadata),
 }).annotate({ identifier: "LLM.Event.ReasoningStart" })
 export type ReasoningStart = Schema.Schema.Type<typeof ReasoningStart>
@@ -118,7 +114,6 @@ export const ReasoningDelta = Schema.Struct({
   type: Schema.tag("reasoning-delta"),
   id: ContentBlockID,
   text: Schema.String,
-  itemId: Schema.optional(ResponseItemID),
   providerMetadata: Schema.optional(ProviderMetadata),
 }).annotate({ identifier: "LLM.Event.ReasoningDelta" })
 export type ReasoningDelta = Schema.Schema.Type<typeof ReasoningDelta>
@@ -126,7 +121,6 @@ export type ReasoningDelta = Schema.Schema.Type<typeof ReasoningDelta>
 export const ReasoningEnd = Schema.Struct({
   type: Schema.tag("reasoning-end"),
   id: ContentBlockID,
-  itemId: Schema.optional(ResponseItemID),
   providerMetadata: Schema.optional(ProviderMetadata),
 }).annotate({ identifier: "LLM.Event.ReasoningEnd" })
 export type ReasoningEnd = Schema.Schema.Type<typeof ReasoningEnd>
@@ -135,7 +129,6 @@ export const ToolInputStart = Schema.Struct({
   type: Schema.tag("tool-input-start"),
   id: ToolCallID,
   name: Schema.String,
-  itemId: Schema.optional(ResponseItemID),
   providerExecuted: Schema.optional(Schema.Boolean),
   providerMetadata: Schema.optional(ProviderMetadata),
 }).annotate({ identifier: "LLM.Event.ToolInputStart" })
@@ -144,7 +137,6 @@ export type ToolInputStart = Schema.Schema.Type<typeof ToolInputStart>
 export const ToolInputDelta = Schema.Struct({
   type: Schema.tag("tool-input-delta"),
   id: ToolCallID,
-  itemId: Schema.optional(ResponseItemID),
   name: Schema.String,
   text: Schema.String,
 }).annotate({ identifier: "LLM.Event.ToolInputDelta" })
@@ -154,7 +146,6 @@ export const ToolInputEnd = Schema.Struct({
   type: Schema.tag("tool-input-end"),
   id: ToolCallID,
   name: Schema.String,
-  itemId: Schema.optional(ResponseItemID),
   providerMetadata: Schema.optional(ProviderMetadata),
 }).annotate({ identifier: "LLM.Event.ToolInputEnd" })
 export type ToolInputEnd = Schema.Schema.Type<typeof ToolInputEnd>
@@ -163,7 +154,6 @@ export type ToolInputEnd = Schema.Schema.Type<typeof ToolInputEnd>
 export const ToolInputError = Schema.Struct({
   type: Schema.tag("tool-input-error"),
   id: ToolCallID,
-  itemId: Schema.optional(ResponseItemID),
   name: Schema.String,
   raw: Schema.String,
 }).annotate({ identifier: "LLM.Event.ToolInputError" })
@@ -172,7 +162,6 @@ export type ToolInputError = Schema.Schema.Type<typeof ToolInputError>
 export const ToolCall = Schema.Struct({
   type: Schema.tag("tool-call"),
   id: ToolCallID,
-  itemId: Schema.optional(ResponseItemID),
   name: Schema.String,
   input: Schema.Unknown,
   providerExecuted: Schema.optional(Schema.Boolean),
@@ -183,7 +172,6 @@ export type ToolCall = Schema.Schema.Type<typeof ToolCall>
 export const ToolResult = Schema.Struct({
   type: Schema.tag("tool-result"),
   id: ToolCallID,
-  itemId: Schema.optional(ResponseItemID),
   name: Schema.String,
   result: ToolResultValue,
   output: Schema.optional(ToolOutput),
@@ -195,7 +183,6 @@ export type ToolResult = Schema.Schema.Type<typeof ToolResult>
 export const ToolError = Schema.Struct({
   type: Schema.tag("tool-error"),
   id: ToolCallID,
-  itemId: Schema.optional(ResponseItemID),
   name: Schema.String,
   message: Schema.String,
   error: Schema.optional(Schema.Defect()),
@@ -347,14 +334,12 @@ const responseUsage = (events: ReadonlyArray<LLMEvent>) =>
 interface ContentAssembly {
   readonly contentIndex: number
   readonly text: string
-  readonly itemId?: ResponseItemID
   readonly providerMetadata?: ProviderMetadata
 }
 
 interface ToolInputAssembly {
   readonly name: string
   readonly text: string
-  readonly itemId?: ResponseItemID
   readonly providerMetadata?: ProviderMetadata
 }
 
@@ -400,27 +385,11 @@ const appendEvent = (state: ResponseState, event: LLMEvent): ResponseState => {
   }
 }
 
-const textContent = (
-  text: string,
-  itemId: ResponseItemID | undefined,
-  providerMetadata: ProviderMetadata | undefined,
-): ContentPart => ({
-  type: "text",
-  text,
-  ...(itemId === undefined ? {} : { itemId }),
-  ...(providerMetadata === undefined ? {} : { providerMetadata }),
-})
+const textContent = (text: string, providerMetadata: ProviderMetadata | undefined): ContentPart =>
+  providerMetadata === undefined ? { type: "text", text } : { type: "text", text, providerMetadata }
 
-const reasoningContent = (
-  text: string,
-  itemId: ResponseItemID | undefined,
-  providerMetadata: ProviderMetadata | undefined,
-): ContentPart => ({
-  type: "reasoning",
-  text,
-  ...(itemId === undefined ? {} : { itemId }),
-  ...(providerMetadata === undefined ? {} : { providerMetadata }),
-})
+const reasoningContent = (text: string, providerMetadata: ProviderMetadata | undefined): ContentPart =>
+  providerMetadata === undefined ? { type: "reasoning", text } : { type: "reasoning", text, providerMetadata }
 
 const contentWith = (state: ResponseState, content: ReadonlyArray<ContentPart>): ResponseState => ({
   ...state,
@@ -435,32 +404,26 @@ const replaceContent = (state: ResponseState, index: number, part: ContentPart)
     state.message.content.map((item, itemIndex) => (itemIndex === index ? part : item)),
   )
 
-const ensureText = (
-  state: ResponseState,
-  id: string,
-  itemId?: ResponseItemID,
-  providerMetadata?: ProviderMetadata,
-): ResponseState => {
+const ensureText = (state: ResponseState, id: string, providerMetadata?: ProviderMetadata): ResponseState => {
   if (state.textParts[id]) return state
   return {
-    ...appendContent(state, textContent("", itemId, providerMetadata)),
+    ...appendContent(state, textContent("", providerMetadata)),
     textParts: {
       ...state.textParts,
-      [id]: { contentIndex: state.message.content.length, text: "", itemId, providerMetadata },
+      [id]: { contentIndex: state.message.content.length, text: "", providerMetadata },
     },
   }
 }
 
 const reduceTextDelta = (state: ResponseState, event: TextDelta): ResponseState => {
-  const started = ensureText(state, event.id, event.itemId, event.providerMetadata)
+  const started = ensureText(state, event.id, event.providerMetadata)
   const current = started.textParts[event.id]
   if (!current) return started
   const text = current.text + event.text
-  const itemId = event.itemId ?? current.itemId
   const providerMetadata = event.providerMetadata ?? current.providerMetadata
   return {
-    ...replaceContent(started, current.contentIndex, textContent(text, itemId, providerMetadata)),
-    textParts: { ...started.textParts, [event.id]: { ...current, text, itemId, providerMetadata } },
+    ...replaceContent(started, current.contentIndex, textContent(text, providerMetadata)),
+    textParts: { ...started.textParts, [event.id]: { ...current, text, providerMetadata } },
   }
 }
 
@@ -468,39 +431,32 @@ const reduceTextEnd = (state: ResponseState, event: TextEnd): ResponseState => {
   const current = state.textParts[event.id]
   if (!current) return state
   const providerMetadata = event.providerMetadata ?? current.providerMetadata
-  const itemId = event.itemId ?? current.itemId
   return {
-    ...replaceContent(state, current.contentIndex, textContent(current.text, itemId, providerMetadata)),
-    textParts: { ...state.textParts, [event.id]: { ...current, itemId, providerMetadata } },
+    ...replaceContent(state, current.contentIndex, textContent(current.text, providerMetadata)),
+    textParts: { ...state.textParts, [event.id]: { ...current, providerMetadata } },
   }
 }
 
-const ensureReasoning = (
-  state: ResponseState,
-  id: string,
-  itemId?: ResponseItemID,
-  providerMetadata?: ProviderMetadata,
-): ResponseState => {
+const ensureReasoning = (state: ResponseState, id: string, providerMetadata?: ProviderMetadata): ResponseState => {
   if (state.reasoningParts[id]) return state
   return {
-    ...appendContent(state, reasoningContent("", itemId, providerMetadata)),
+    ...appendContent(state, reasoningContent("", providerMetadata)),
     reasoningParts: {
       ...state.reasoningParts,
-      [id]: { contentIndex: state.message.content.length, text: "", itemId, providerMetadata },
+      [id]: { contentIndex: state.message.content.length, text: "", providerMetadata },
     },
   }
 }
 
 const reduceReasoningDelta = (state: ResponseState, event: ReasoningDelta): ResponseState => {
-  const started = ensureReasoning(state, event.id, event.itemId, event.providerMetadata)
+  const started = ensureReasoning(state, event.id, event.providerMetadata)
   const current = started.reasoningParts[event.id]
   if (!current) return started
   const text = current.text + event.text
-  const itemId = event.itemId ?? current.itemId
   const providerMetadata = event.providerMetadata ?? current.providerMetadata
   return {
-    ...replaceContent(started, current.contentIndex, reasoningContent(text, itemId, providerMetadata)),
-    reasoningParts: { ...started.reasoningParts, [event.id]: { ...current, text, itemId, providerMetadata } },
+    ...replaceContent(started, current.contentIndex, reasoningContent(text, providerMetadata)),
+    reasoningParts: { ...started.reasoningParts, [event.id]: { ...current, text, providerMetadata } },
   }
 }
 
@@ -508,10 +464,9 @@ const reduceReasoningEnd = (state: ResponseState, event: ReasoningEnd): Response
   const current = state.reasoningParts[event.id]
   if (!current) return state
   const providerMetadata = event.providerMetadata ?? current.providerMetadata
-  const itemId = event.itemId ?? current.itemId
   return {
-    ...replaceContent(state, current.contentIndex, reasoningContent(current.text, itemId, providerMetadata)),
-    reasoningParts: { ...state.reasoningParts, [event.id]: { ...current, itemId, providerMetadata } },
+    ...replaceContent(state, current.contentIndex, reasoningContent(current.text, providerMetadata)),
+    reasoningParts: { ...state.reasoningParts, [event.id]: { ...current, providerMetadata } },
   }
 }
 
@@ -519,7 +474,7 @@ const reduceToolInputStart = (state: ResponseState, event: ToolInputStart): Resp
   ...state,
   toolInputs: {
     ...state.toolInputs,
-    [event.id]: { name: event.name, text: "", itemId: event.itemId, providerMetadata: event.providerMetadata },
+    [event.id]: { name: event.name, text: "", providerMetadata: event.providerMetadata },
   },
 })
 
@@ -540,7 +495,6 @@ const reduceToolInputEnd = (state: ResponseState, event: ToolInputEnd): Response
       [event.id]: {
         ...current,
         name: event.name,
-        itemId: event.itemId ?? current.itemId,
         providerMetadata: event.providerMetadata ?? current.providerMetadata,
       },
     },
@@ -550,7 +504,6 @@ const reduceToolInputEnd = (state: ResponseState, event: ToolInputEnd): Response
 const toolCallContent = (event: ToolCall): ContentPart =>
   ToolCallPart.make({
     id: event.id,
-    ...(event.itemId === undefined ? {} : { itemId: event.itemId }),
     name: event.name,
     input: event.input,
     ...(event.providerExecuted === undefined ? {} : { providerExecuted: event.providerExecuted }),
@@ -560,7 +513,6 @@ const toolCallContent = (event: ToolCall): ContentPart =>
 const toolResultContent = (event: ToolResult): ContentPart =>
   ToolResultPart.make({
     id: event.id,
-    ...(event.itemId === undefined ? {} : { itemId: event.itemId }),
     name: event.name,
     result: event.result,
     ...(event.providerExecuted === undefined ? {} : { providerExecuted: event.providerExecuted }),
@@ -576,13 +528,13 @@ const reduceResponseState = (state: ResponseState, event: LLMEvent): ResponseSta
   const next = appendEvent(state, event)
   switch (event.type) {
     case "text-start":
-      return ensureText(next, event.id, event.itemId, event.providerMetadata)
+      return ensureText(next, event.id, event.providerMetadata)
     case "text-delta":
       return reduceTextDelta(next, event)
     case "text-end":
       return reduceTextEnd(next, event)
     case "reasoning-start":
-      return ensureReasoning(next, event.id, event.itemId, event.providerMetadata)
+      return ensureReasoning(next, event.id, event.providerMetadata)
     case "reasoning-delta":
       return reduceReasoningDelta(next, event)
     case "reasoning-end":

packages/ai/src/schema/ids.ts

@@ -21,9 +21,6 @@ export type ProviderID = typeof ProviderID.Type
 export const ResponseID = Schema.String
 export type ResponseID = Schema.Schema.Type<typeof ResponseID>
 
-export const ResponseItemID = Schema.String
-export type ResponseItemID = Schema.Schema.Type<typeof ResponseItemID>
-
 export const ContentBlockID = Schema.String
 export type ContentBlockID = Schema.Schema.Type<typeof ContentBlockID>
 

packages/ai/src/schema/messages.ts

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { Schema } from "effect"
 import { Tool } from "@opencode-ai/schema/tool"
-import { JsonSchema, MessageRole, ProviderMetadata, ResponseItemID } from "./ids"
+import { JsonSchema, MessageRole, ProviderMetadata } from "./ids"
 import { CacheHint, CachePolicy, GenerationOptions, HttpOptions, LanguageModelSchema, ProviderOptions } from "./options"
 import { isRecord } from "../utils/record"
 
@@ -25,7 +25,6 @@ export const SystemPart = Object.assign(systemPartSchema, {
 export const TextPart = Schema.Struct({
   type: Schema.Literal("text"),
   text: Schema.String,
-  itemId: Schema.optional(ResponseItemID),
   cache: Schema.optional(CacheHint),
   metadata: Schema.optional(Schema.Record(Schema.String, Schema.Unknown)),
   providerMetadata: Schema.optional(ProviderMetadata),
@@ -122,7 +121,6 @@ export const ToolCallPart = Object.assign(
   Schema.Struct({
     type: Schema.Literal("tool-call"),
     id: Schema.String,
-    itemId: Schema.optional(ResponseItemID),
     name: Schema.String,
     input: Schema.Unknown,
     providerExecuted: Schema.optional(Schema.Boolean),
@@ -140,7 +138,6 @@ export const ToolResultPart = Object.assign(
   Schema.Struct({
     type: Schema.Literal("tool-result"),
     id: Schema.String,
-    itemId: Schema.optional(ResponseItemID),
     name: Schema.String,
     result: ToolResultValue,
     providerExecuted: Schema.optional(Schema.Boolean),
@@ -157,7 +154,6 @@ export const ToolResultPart = Object.assign(
     ): ToolResultPart => ({
       type: "tool-result",
       id: input.id,
-      ...(input.itemId === undefined ? {} : { itemId: input.itemId }),
       name: input.name,
       result: ToolResultValue.make(input.result, input.resultType),
       providerExecuted: input.providerExecuted,
@@ -172,7 +168,6 @@ export type ToolResultPart = Schema.Schema.Type<typeof ToolResultPart>
 export const ReasoningPart = Schema.Struct({
   type: Schema.Literal("reasoning"),
   text: Schema.String,
-  itemId: Schema.optional(ResponseItemID),
   encrypted: Schema.optional(Schema.String),
   cache: Schema.optional(CacheHint),
   metadata: Schema.optional(Schema.Record(Schema.String, Schema.Unknown)),
@@ -186,7 +181,7 @@ export const ContentPart = Schema.Union([TextPart, MediaPart, ToolCallPart, Tool
 export type ContentPart = Schema.Schema.Type<typeof ContentPart>
 
 export class Message extends Schema.Class<Message>("LLM.Message")({
-  id: Schema.optional(ResponseItemID),
+  id: Schema.optional(Schema.String),
   role: MessageRole,
   content: Schema.Array(ContentPart),
   metadata: Schema.optional(Schema.Record(Schema.String, Schema.Unknown)),

packages/ai/src/tool-runtime.ts

@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ const result = (call: ToolCallPart, value: ToolResultValueType | ToolSettlement,
               id: call.id,
               name: call.name,
               result: settlement.result,
-              ...(call.providerMetadata === undefined ? {} : { providerMetadata: call.providerMetadata }),
+              providerMetadata: call.providerMetadata,
             }),
           ]
         : [
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ const result = (call: ToolCallPart, value: ToolResultValueType | ToolSettlement,
               name: call.name,
               result: settlement.result,
               output: settlement.output,
-              ...(call.providerMetadata === undefined ? {} : { providerMetadata: call.providerMetadata }),
+              providerMetadata: call.providerMetadata,
             }),
           ],
   }

packages/ai/test/fixtures/recordings/openai-responses/openai-responses-gpt-5-5-reasoning-continuation.json

@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@
         "headers": {
           "content-type": "application/json"
         },
-        "body": "{\"model\":\"gpt-5.5\",\"input\":[{\"role\":\"user\",\"content\":[{\"type\":\"input_text\",\"text\":\"Think briefly, then reply exactly with: Hello!\"}]},{\"type\":\"reasoning\",\"summary\":[],\"encrypted_content\":\"gAAAAABqEjXoGMCw3WDXpoD9151PEr2Lt8raW7KBKefQhZJGWx5f8jy152bApO6oE-Mr1BhUtfZNq3OPBVfSL4ioQ9bHREfujIBXgk9LUDBAz2Sle7KjOr9HaUV16A4HBiaFIRFjsHPS9G8yEySp1m6F1CD_WR6apyUGgugRh_y39EcOJmxPOzmiac5DVM6fraA1VpcGbqrZ1x2ANHFDOfnYTycPtPNTgzE7LjkYjDDWbT03uN1YxfP4pqjDVRzY14pA8bSZ8ys-pDv5kUFCAsw-OlU4jYKUXp-M8_6KTaRQP71LPwppt__zG_NJPfy-qUil4pOU8_NoxtxerHgLLXbfExZdzfpoGinoEjn7nj7BJDEtl-LNeNEb5c-1ZymNfVMp-Cs3fLEPkAV8rtHFtZ0MhE_07GKbGo7hTrOmkM4DydxmHsdWGNbXAG35cprslEA5P7p3GHFKnRs5hGs2eq-XcZ3yki64ZBOU_Tv6UR7nUH09gF1rdrJo3dpre6M00COwwdZ02zUP5KxCuI8FKu2jsZu9zgMVXDALsdtM5orTCVLXsn4rddWd111zE-vMjNmMMmktW2cHMjH7j1ooA-9P083koNVYiLi4UhMA64gTqgyl8MxkZekl7eFSMa7qk295NaHOKtFxzYYcZ9jdioCwSPSZ0ZZWLoNgrK7SWfRh0uaTHNcMZ3wq8ae6CguktIeVTCPTQAqJLQqd7AU0oOCKCJ7BWnC-L8UC6m7Pm9ZS958uUVeWBhgKHzMAGq9UeQB7IEeAcbMn3EDgOSfd8qCb8iwU9iG9dcu9axQwWU7pd7kd-T-He61W7z5wWgpx1KehWCxrN6kuKSo6p-uUfwVnJukreOn8BJNAzADQgz68bhmN9VGih7YcKVnLgwDwKditrjSd6-tfE0Baarj3jWENvT6ohY17R9FDrKS-2v8IIX6tGjoKJw8SRhaWLNv4vWlmxRgR0gdac3qumd0GKqsWSveNz01naA==\",\"id\":\"rs_0a0794dab3b8ec7d016a1235e7ce3881958a5eca32a36a14c5\"},{\"role\":\"assistant\",\"content\":[{\"type\":\"output_text\",\"text\":\"Hello!\"}]},{\"role\":\"user\",\"content\":[{\"type\":\"input_text\",\"text\":\"Now reply exactly with: Done.\"}]}],\"store\":false,\"include\":[\"reasoning.encrypted_content\"],\"reasoning\":{\"effort\":\"low\",\"summary\":\"auto\"},\"text\":{\"verbosity\":\"low\"},\"max_output_tokens\":40,\"stream\":true}"
+        "body": "{\"model\":\"gpt-5.5\",\"input\":[{\"role\":\"user\",\"content\":[{\"type\":\"input_text\",\"text\":\"Think briefly, then reply exactly with: Hello!\"}]},{\"type\":\"reasoning\",\"summary\":[],\"encrypted_content\":\"gAAAAABqEjXoGMCw3WDXpoD9151PEr2Lt8raW7KBKefQhZJGWx5f8jy152bApO6oE-Mr1BhUtfZNq3OPBVfSL4ioQ9bHREfujIBXgk9LUDBAz2Sle7KjOr9HaUV16A4HBiaFIRFjsHPS9G8yEySp1m6F1CD_WR6apyUGgugRh_y39EcOJmxPOzmiac5DVM6fraA1VpcGbqrZ1x2ANHFDOfnYTycPtPNTgzE7LjkYjDDWbT03uN1YxfP4pqjDVRzY14pA8bSZ8ys-pDv5kUFCAsw-OlU4jYKUXp-M8_6KTaRQP71LPwppt__zG_NJPfy-qUil4pOU8_NoxtxerHgLLXbfExZdzfpoGinoEjn7nj7BJDEtl-LNeNEb5c-1ZymNfVMp-Cs3fLEPkAV8rtHFtZ0MhE_07GKbGo7hTrOmkM4DydxmHsdWGNbXAG35cprslEA5P7p3GHFKnRs5hGs2eq-XcZ3yki64ZBOU_Tv6UR7nUH09gF1rdrJo3dpre6M00COwwdZ02zUP5KxCuI8FKu2jsZu9zgMVXDALsdtM5orTCVLXsn4rddWd111zE-vMjNmMMmktW2cHMjH7j1ooA-9P083koNVYiLi4UhMA64gTqgyl8MxkZekl7eFSMa7qk295NaHOKtFxzYYcZ9jdioCwSPSZ0ZZWLoNgrK7SWfRh0uaTHNcMZ3wq8ae6CguktIeVTCPTQAqJLQqd7AU0oOCKCJ7BWnC-L8UC6m7Pm9ZS958uUVeWBhgKHzMAGq9UeQB7IEeAcbMn3EDgOSfd8qCb8iwU9iG9dcu9axQwWU7pd7kd-T-He61W7z5wWgpx1KehWCxrN6kuKSo6p-uUfwVnJukreOn8BJNAzADQgz68bhmN9VGih7YcKVnLgwDwKditrjSd6-tfE0Baarj3jWENvT6ohY17R9FDrKS-2v8IIX6tGjoKJw8SRhaWLNv4vWlmxRgR0gdac3qumd0GKqsWSveNz01naA==\"},{\"role\":\"assistant\",\"content\":[{\"type\":\"output_text\",\"text\":\"Hello!\"}]},{\"role\":\"user\",\"content\":[{\"type\":\"input_text\",\"text\":\"Now reply exactly with: Done.\"}]}],\"store\":false,\"include\":[\"reasoning.encrypted_content\"],\"reasoning\":{\"effort\":\"low\",\"summary\":\"auto\"},\"text\":{\"verbosity\":\"low\"},\"max_output_tokens\":40,\"stream\":true}"
       },
       "response": {
         "status": 200,

packages/ai/test/lib/tool-runtime.ts

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ import {
   type ProviderMetadata,
   type ToolCallPart,
   ToolResultPart,
+  type ToolResultValue,
   type Usage,
 } from "../../src/schema"
 import { type Tools, toDefinitions } from "../../src/tool"
@@ -60,10 +61,9 @@ export const runTools = <T extends Tools>(options: RunOptions<T>) =>
             ...dispatched.map(([call, dispatched]) =>
               Message.tool({
                 id: call.id,
-                itemId: dispatched.events.find(LLMEvent.is.toolResult)?.itemId,
                 name: call.name,
                 result: dispatched.result,
-                providerMetadata: dispatched.events.find(LLMEvent.is.toolResult)?.providerMetadata,
+                providerMetadata: call.providerMetadata,
               }),
             ),
           ],
@@ -89,15 +89,9 @@ const stepState = (events: ReadonlyArray<LLMEvent>) => {
 
   for (const event of events) {
     if (event.type === "text-delta" || event.type === "reasoning-delta") {
-      appendText(assistantContent, event.type === "text-delta" ? "text" : "reasoning", event.text, event.itemId)
+      appendText(assistantContent, event.type === "text-delta" ? "text" : "reasoning", event.text)
     } else if (event.type === "text-end" || event.type === "reasoning-end") {
-      appendText(
-        assistantContent,
-        event.type === "text-end" ? "text" : "reasoning",
-        "",
-        event.itemId,
-        event.providerMetadata,
-      )
+      appendText(assistantContent, event.type === "text-end" ? "text" : "reasoning", "", event.providerMetadata)
     } else if (event.type === "tool-call") {
       assistantContent.push(event)
       if (!event.providerExecuted) toolCalls.push(event)
@@ -105,7 +99,6 @@ const stepState = (events: ReadonlyArray<LLMEvent>) => {
       assistantContent.push(
         ToolResultPart.make({
           id: event.id,
-          itemId: event.itemId,
           name: event.name,
           result: event.result,
           providerExecuted: true,
@@ -125,7 +118,6 @@ const appendText = (
   content: ContentPart[],
   type: "text" | "reasoning",
   text: string,
-  itemId?: string,
   providerMetadata?: ProviderMetadata,
 ) => {
   const last = content.at(-1)
@@ -133,12 +125,11 @@ const appendText = (
     content[content.length - 1] = {
       ...last,
       text: `${last.text}${text}`,
-      itemId: itemId ?? last.itemId,
       providerMetadata: providerMetadata ?? last.providerMetadata,
     }
     return
   }
-  content.push({ type, text, itemId, providerMetadata })
+  content.push({ type, text, providerMetadata })
 }
 
 const addUsage = (left: Usage | undefined, right: Usage | undefined): Usage | undefined => {

packages/ai/test/provider/gemini.test.ts

@@ -16,13 +16,6 @@ const model = Gemini.route
   })
   .model({ id: "gemini-2.5-flash" })
 
-const gemini3 = Gemini.route
-  .with({
-    endpoint: { baseURL: "https://generativelanguage.test/v1beta/" },
-    auth: Auth.header("x-goog-api-key", "test"),
-  })
-  .model({ id: "gemini-3-flash-preview" })
-
 const request = LLM.request({
   id: "req_1",
   model,
@@ -93,39 +86,6 @@ describe("Gemini route", () => {
     }),
   )
 
-  it.effect("forwards standard Gemini generation options", () =>
-    Effect.gen(function* () {
-      const prepared = yield* compileRequest(
-        LLM.request({
-          model,
-          prompt: "Say hello.",
-          generation: {
-            maxTokens: 40,
-            temperature: 0.2,
-            topP: 0.8,
-            topK: 12,
-            frequencyPenalty: 0.3,
-            presencePenalty: 0.4,
-            seed: 42,
-            stop: ["done"],
-          },
-        }),
-      )
-
-      expect(prepared.body.generationConfig).toEqual({
-        maxOutputTokens: 40,
-        temperature: 0.2,
-        topP: 0.8,
-        topK: 12,
-        frequencyPenalty: 0.3,
-        presencePenalty: 0.4,
-        seed: 42,
-        stopSequences: ["done"],
-        thinkingConfig: undefined,
-      })
-    }),
-  )
-
   it.effect("lowers chronological system updates to wrapped user text in order", () =>
     Effect.gen(function* () {
       const prepared = yield* compileRequest(
@@ -390,100 +350,6 @@ describe("Gemini route", () => {
     }),
   )
 
-  it.effect("preserves nested empty object tool schemas", () =>
-    Effect.gen(function* () {
-      const prepared = yield* compileRequest(
-        LLM.request({
-          model,
-          prompt: "Use the tool.",
-          tools: [
-            {
-              name: "configure",
-              description: "Configure the operation",
-              inputSchema: {
-                type: "object",
-                required: ["options"],
-                properties: {
-                  options: { type: "object", description: "Optional provider settings", properties: {} },
-                },
-              },
-            },
-          ],
-        }),
-      )
-
-      expect(prepared.body.tools).toEqual([
-        {
-          functionDeclarations: [
-            {
-              name: "configure",
-              description: "Configure the operation",
-              parameters: {
-                type: "object",
-                required: ["options"],
-                properties: {
-                  options: { type: "object", description: "Optional provider settings", properties: {} },
-                },
-              },
-            },
-          ],
-        },
-      ])
-    }),
-  )
-
-  it.effect("projects Gemini type arrays without narrowing their allowed values", () =>
-    Effect.gen(function* () {
-      const prepared = yield* compileRequest(
-        LLM.request({
-          model,
-          prompt: "Use the tool.",
-          tools: [
-            {
-              name: "filter",
-              description: "Filter values",
-              inputSchema: {
-                type: "object",
-                properties: {
-                  status: { type: ["number", "string"], description: "Status filter" },
-                  maybe: { type: ["string", "null"] },
-                  nothing: { type: ["null"] },
-                  explicit: { anyOf: [{ type: "string" }, { type: "null" }] },
-                  choice: { anyOf: [{ type: "string" }, { type: "number" }, { type: "null" }] },
-                },
-              },
-            },
-          ],
-        }),
-      )
-
-      expect(prepared.body.tools?.[0]?.functionDeclarations[0]?.parameters).toEqual({
-        type: "object",
-        properties: {
-          status: {
-            description: "Status filter",
-            anyOf: [{ type: "number" }, { type: "string" }],
-          },
-          maybe: {
-            nullable: true,
-            anyOf: [{ type: "string" }],
-          },
-          nothing: {
-            type: "null",
-          },
-          explicit: {
-            type: "string",
-            nullable: true,
-          },
-          choice: {
-            anyOf: [{ type: "string" }, { type: "number" }],
-            nullable: true,
-          },
-        },
-      })
-    }),
-  )
-
   it.effect("parses text, reasoning, and usage stream fixtures", () =>
     Effect.gen(function* () {
       const body = sseEvents(
@@ -670,44 +536,6 @@ describe("Gemini route", () => {
     }),
   )
 
-  it.effect("replays unsigned Gemini 3 tool calls with the validator bypass sentinel", () =>
-    Effect.gen(function* () {
-      const prepared = yield* compileRequest(
-        LLM.request({
-          model: gemini3,
-          messages: [
-            Message.assistant([ToolCallPart.make({ id: "tool_0", name: "lookup", input: { query: "weather" } })]),
-            Message.tool({ id: "tool_0", name: "lookup", result: "done", resultType: "text" }),
-          ],
-        }),
-      )
-
-      expect(prepared.body.contents).toEqual([
-        {
-          role: "model",
-          parts: [
-            {
-              functionCall: { id: undefined, name: "lookup", args: { query: "weather" } },
-              thoughtSignature: "skip_thought_signature_validator",
-            },
-          ],
-        },
-        {
-          role: "user",
-          parts: [
-            {
-              functionResponse: {
-                id: undefined,
-                name: "lookup",
-                response: { name: "lookup", content: "done" },
-              },
-            },
-          ],
-        },
-      ])
-    }),
-  )
-
   it.effect("emits streamed tool calls and maps finish reason", () =>
     Effect.gen(function* () {
       const body = sseEvents({

packages/ai/test/provider/openai-compatible-responses.test.ts

@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ describe("Open Responses-compatible route", () => {
           },
         },
       })
-      expect(prepared.body).toMatchObject({
+      expect(prepared.body).toEqual({
         model: "example-model",
         input: [
           { role: "system", content: "You are concise." },
@@ -53,8 +53,6 @@ describe("Open Responses-compatible route", () => {
         ],
         stream: true,
       })
-      expect(prepared.body.input[0]).not.toHaveProperty("id")
-      expect(prepared.body.input[1]).not.toHaveProperty("id")
     }),
   )
 

packages/ai/test/provider/openai-responses.test.ts

@@ -69,9 +69,6 @@ describe("OpenAI Responses route", () => {
         stream: true,
         max_output_tokens: 20,
         temperature: 0,
-        tool_choice: undefined,
-        tools: undefined,
-        top_p: undefined,
       })
     }),
   )
@@ -332,7 +329,7 @@ describe("OpenAI Responses route", () => {
       yield* LLMClient.generate(
         LLMRequest.update(request, {
           model: Azure.configure({
-            baseURL: "https://opencode-test.openai.azure.com/openai/",
+            baseURL: "https://opencode-test.openai.azure.com/openai/v1/",
             apiKey: "azure-key",
             headers: { authorization: "Bearer stale" },
           }).responses("gpt-4.1-mini"),
@@ -413,7 +410,7 @@ describe("OpenAI Responses route", () => {
         }),
       )
 
-      expect(prepared.body).toMatchObject({
+      expect(prepared.body).toEqual({
         model: "gpt-4.1-mini",
         input: [
           { role: "user", content: [{ type: "input_text", text: "What is the weather?" }] },
@@ -428,60 +425,6 @@ describe("OpenAI Responses route", () => {
         tools: undefined,
         top_p: undefined,
       })
-      const call = prepared.body.input.find((item) => "type" in item && item.type === "function_call")
-      const output = prepared.body.input.find((item) => "type" in item && item.type === "function_call_output")
-      expect(call?.id).toBeUndefined()
-      expect(output?.id).toBeUndefined()
-    }),
-  )
-
-  it.effect("does not generate response item ids for client-created history", () =>
-    Effect.sync(() => {
-      const canonical = LLM.request({
-        model,
-        messages: [
-          Message.assistant([
-            { type: "text", text: "Working." },
-            { type: "reasoning", text: "Thinking." },
-            ToolCallPart.make({ id: "call_1", name: "lookup", input: {} }),
-          ]),
-          Message.tool({ id: "call_1", name: "lookup", result: "done" }),
-        ],
-      })
-
-      expect(canonical.messages[0]?.id).toBeUndefined()
-      expect(canonical.messages[1]?.id).toBeUndefined()
-      expect(canonical.messages[0]?.content.every((part) => part.type === "media" || part.itemId === undefined)).toBe(
-        true,
-      )
-      expect(canonical.messages[1]?.content[0]).not.toHaveProperty("itemId")
-    }),
-  )
-
-  it.effect("preserves opaque assistant item ids without assigning ids to function items", () =>
-    Effect.gen(function* () {
-      const canonical = LLM.request({
-        model,
-        messages: [
-          Message.assistant([
-            { type: "text", text: "Calling.", itemId: "plain-text" },
-            ToolCallPart.make({ id: "call_1", itemId: "plain-call", name: "lookup", input: {} }),
-          ]),
-          Message.tool({ id: "call_1", itemId: "plain-output", name: "lookup", result: "done" }),
-        ],
-      })
-      const prepared = yield* compileRequest(canonical)
-
-      expect(canonical.messages[0]?.content.map((part) => (part.type === "media" ? undefined : part.itemId))).toEqual([
-        "plain-text",
-        "plain-call",
-      ])
-      expect(canonical.messages[1]?.content[0]).toMatchObject({ itemId: "plain-output" })
-      expect(prepared.body.input).toEqual([
-        { role: "assistant", id: "plain-text", content: [{ type: "output_text", text: "Calling." }] },
-        { type: "function_call", call_id: "call_1", name: "lookup", arguments: "{}" },
-        { type: "function_call_output", call_id: "call_1", output: '"done"' },
-      ])
     }),
   )
 
@@ -921,21 +864,9 @@ describe("OpenAI Responses route", () => {
       expect(response.text).toBe("Hello!")
       expect(response.events).toEqual([
         { type: "step-start", index: 0 },
-        { type: "text-start", id: "msg_1", itemId: "msg_1", providerMetadata: { openai: { itemId: "msg_1" } } },
-        {
-          type: "text-delta",
-          id: "msg_1",
-          itemId: "msg_1",
-          text: "Hello",
-          providerMetadata: { openai: { itemId: "msg_1" } },
-        },
-        {
-          type: "text-delta",
-          id: "msg_1",
-          itemId: "msg_1",
-          text: "!",
-          providerMetadata: { openai: { itemId: "msg_1" } },
-        },
+        { type: "text-start", id: "msg_1" },
+        { type: "text-delta", id: "msg_1", text: "Hello" },
+        { type: "text-delta", id: "msg_1", text: "!" },
         { type: "text-end", id: "msg_1" },
         {
           type: "step-finish",
@@ -992,20 +923,17 @@ describe("OpenAI Responses route", () => {
         {
           type: "text",
           text: "Checking.",
-          itemId: "msg_commentary",
-          providerMetadata: { openai: { itemId: "msg_commentary", phase: "commentary" } },
+          providerMetadata: { openai: { phase: "commentary" } },
         },
         {
           type: "text",
           text: "Finished.",
-          itemId: "msg_final",
-          providerMetadata: { openai: { itemId: "msg_final", phase: "final_answer" } },
+          providerMetadata: { openai: { phase: "final_answer" } },
         },
         {
           type: "text",
           text: "Unclassified.",
-          itemId: "msg_null",
-          providerMetadata: { openai: { itemId: "msg_null", phase: null } },
+          providerMetadata: { openai: { phase: null } },
         },
       ])
 
@@ -1013,19 +941,16 @@ describe("OpenAI Responses route", () => {
       expect(prepared.body.input).toEqual([
         {
           role: "assistant",
-          id: "msg_commentary",
           content: [{ type: "output_text", text: "Checking." }],
           phase: "commentary",
         },
         {
           role: "assistant",
-          id: "msg_final",
           content: [{ type: "output_text", text: "Finished." }],
           phase: "final_answer",
         },
         {
           role: "assistant",
-          id: "msg_null",
           content: [{ type: "output_text", text: "Unclassified." }],
           phase: null,
         },
@@ -1118,24 +1043,12 @@ describe("OpenAI Responses route", () => {
       )
 
       expect(response.events.filter((event) => event.type.startsWith("text-"))).toEqual([
-        { type: "text-start", id: "msg_1", itemId: "msg_1", providerMetadata: { openai: { itemId: "msg_1" } } },
-        {
-          type: "text-delta",
-          id: "msg_1",
-          itemId: "msg_1",
-          text: "First",
-          providerMetadata: { openai: { itemId: "msg_1" } },
-        },
-        { type: "text-end", id: "msg_1", itemId: "msg_1", providerMetadata: { openai: { itemId: "msg_1" } } },
-        { type: "text-start", id: "msg_2", itemId: "msg_2", providerMetadata: { openai: { itemId: "msg_2" } } },
-        {
-          type: "text-delta",
-          id: "msg_2",
-          itemId: "msg_2",
-          text: "Second",
-          providerMetadata: { openai: { itemId: "msg_2" } },
-        },
-        { type: "text-end", id: "msg_2", itemId: "msg_2", providerMetadata: { openai: { itemId: "msg_2" } } },
+        { type: "text-start", id: "msg_1" },
+        { type: "text-delta", id: "msg_1", text: "First" },
+        { type: "text-end", id: "msg_1" },
+        { type: "text-start", id: "msg_2" },
+        { type: "text-delta", id: "msg_2", text: "Second" },
+        { type: "text-end", id: "msg_2" },
       ])
     }),
   )
@@ -1155,15 +1068,9 @@ describe("OpenAI Responses route", () => {
       expect(response.text).toBe("Hello")
       expect(response.events).toMatchObject([
         { type: "step-start", index: 0 },
-        { type: "reasoning-start", id: "rs_1", itemId: "rs_1", providerMetadata: { openai: { itemId: "rs_1" } } },
-        {
-          type: "reasoning-delta",
-          id: "rs_1",
-          itemId: "rs_1",
-          text: "thinking",
-          providerMetadata: { openai: { itemId: "rs_1" } },
-        },
-        { type: "text-start", id: "msg_1", itemId: "msg_1", providerMetadata: { openai: { itemId: "msg_1" } } },
+        { type: "reasoning-start", id: "rs_1" },
+        { type: "reasoning-delta", id: "rs_1", text: "thinking" },
+        { type: "text-start", id: "msg_1" },
         { type: "text-delta", id: "msg_1", text: "Hello" },
         { type: "reasoning-end", id: "rs_1" },
         { type: "text-end", id: "msg_1" },
@@ -1172,8 +1079,8 @@ describe("OpenAI Responses route", () => {
       ])
       expect(response.events.filter((event) => event.type === "finish")).toHaveLength(1)
       expect(response.message.content).toEqual([
-        { type: "reasoning", text: "thinking", itemId: "rs_1", providerMetadata: { openai: { itemId: "rs_1" } } },
-        { type: "text", text: "Hello", itemId: "msg_1", providerMetadata: { openai: { itemId: "msg_1" } } },
+        { type: "reasoning", text: "thinking" },
+        { type: "text", text: "Hello" },
       ])
     }),
   )
@@ -1204,7 +1111,6 @@ describe("OpenAI Responses route", () => {
         expect.objectContaining({
           type: "reasoning-end",
           id: "rs_1",
-          itemId: "rs_1",
           providerMetadata: { openai: { itemId: "rs_1", reasoningEncryptedContent: "encrypted-state" } },
         }),
       )
@@ -1245,34 +1151,19 @@ describe("OpenAI Responses route", () => {
         {
           type: "reasoning-start",
           id: "rs_1:0",
-          itemId: "rs_1",
           providerMetadata: { openai: { itemId: "rs_1", reasoningEncryptedContent: null } },
         },
-        {
-          type: "reasoning-delta",
-          id: "rs_1:0",
-          itemId: "rs_1",
-          text: "First",
-          providerMetadata: { openai: { itemId: "rs_1" } },
-        },
-        { type: "reasoning-end", id: "rs_1:0", itemId: "rs_1", providerMetadata: { openai: { itemId: "rs_1" } } },
+        { type: "reasoning-delta", id: "rs_1:0", text: "First" },
+        { type: "reasoning-end", id: "rs_1:0", providerMetadata: { openai: { itemId: "rs_1" } } },
         {
           type: "reasoning-start",
           id: "rs_1:1",
-          itemId: "rs_1",
           providerMetadata: { openai: { itemId: "rs_1", reasoningEncryptedContent: null } },
         },
-        {
-          type: "reasoning-delta",
-          id: "rs_1:1",
-          itemId: "rs_1",
-          text: "Second",
-          providerMetadata: { openai: { itemId: "rs_1" } },
-        },
+        { type: "reasoning-delta", id: "rs_1:1", text: "Second" },
         {
           type: "reasoning-end",
           id: "rs_1:1",
-          itemId: "rs_1",
           providerMetadata: { openai: { itemId: "rs_1", reasoningEncryptedContent: "encrypted-state" } },
         },
         { type: "step-finish", index: 0, reason: { normalized: "stop", raw: undefined } },
@@ -1310,8 +1201,8 @@ describe("OpenAI Responses route", () => {
       )
 
       expect(response.events.filter((event) => event.type === "reasoning-end")).toEqual([
-        { type: "reasoning-end", id: "rs_1:0", itemId: "rs_1", providerMetadata: { openai: { itemId: "rs_1" } } },
-        { type: "reasoning-end", id: "rs_1:1", itemId: "rs_1", providerMetadata: { openai: { itemId: "rs_1" } } },
+        { type: "reasoning-end", id: "rs_1:0", providerMetadata: { openai: { itemId: "rs_1" } } },
+        { type: "reasoning-end", id: "rs_1:1", providerMetadata: { openai: { itemId: "rs_1" } } },
       ])
     }),
   )
@@ -1359,7 +1250,7 @@ describe("OpenAI Responses route", () => {
                   { role: "user", content: [{ type: "input_text", text: "Summarize it." }] },
                 ],
               })
-              expect(body.input[1]).toHaveProperty("id", "rs_1")
+              expect(body.input[1]).not.toHaveProperty("id")
               return input.respond(
                 sseEvents(
                   { type: "response.output_text.delta", item_id: "msg_1", delta: "Parser now round-trips reasoning." },
@@ -1406,7 +1297,6 @@ describe("OpenAI Responses route", () => {
         { role: "assistant", content: [{ type: "output_text", text: "Before." }] },
         {
           type: "reasoning",
-          id: "rs_1",
           encrypted_content: "encrypted-state",
           summary: [{ type: "summary_text", text: "Checked order." }],
         },
@@ -1415,7 +1305,7 @@ describe("OpenAI Responses route", () => {
     }),
   )
 
-  it.effect("replays complete stored reasoning items with their id", () =>
+  it.effect("references stored reasoning items by id", () =>
     Effect.gen(function* () {
       const prepared = yield* compileRequest(
         LLM.request({
@@ -1433,14 +1323,7 @@ describe("OpenAI Responses route", () => {
         }),
       )
 
-      expect(prepared.body.input).toEqual([
-        {
-          type: "reasoning",
-          id: "rs_1",
-          summary: [{ type: "summary_text", text: "Checked the previous diff." }],
-          encrypted_content: undefined,
-        },
-      ])
+      expect(prepared.body.input).toEqual([{ type: "item_reference", id: "rs_1" }])
     }),
   )
 
@@ -1549,7 +1432,6 @@ describe("OpenAI Responses route", () => {
       expect(prepared.body.input).toEqual([
         {
           type: "reasoning",
-          id: "rs_1",
           encrypted_content: "encrypted-state",
           summary: [
             { type: "summary_text", text: "First" },
@@ -1629,7 +1511,6 @@ describe("OpenAI Responses route", () => {
         outputTokens: 1,
         nonCachedInputTokens: 5,
         cacheReadInputTokens: undefined,
-        cacheWriteInputTokens: undefined,
         reasoningTokens: undefined,
         totalTokens: 6,
         providerMetadata: { openai: { input_tokens: 5, output_tokens: 1 } },
@@ -1640,35 +1521,30 @@ describe("OpenAI Responses route", () => {
         {
           type: "tool-input-start",
           id: "call_1",
-          itemId: "item_1",
           name: "lookup",
           providerMetadata: { openai: { itemId: "item_1" } },
         },
         {
           type: "tool-input-delta",
           id: "call_1",
-          itemId: "item_1",
           name: "lookup",
           text: '{"query"',
         },
         {
           type: "tool-input-delta",
           id: "call_1",
-          itemId: "item_1",
           name: "lookup",
           text: ':"weather"}',
         },
         {
           type: "tool-input-end",
           id: "call_1",
-          itemId: "item_1",
           name: "lookup",
           providerMetadata: { openai: { itemId: "item_1" } },
         },
         {
           type: "tool-call",
           id: "call_1",
-          itemId: "item_1",
           name: "lookup",
           input: { query: "weather" },
           providerExecuted: undefined,
@@ -1688,17 +1564,6 @@ describe("OpenAI Responses route", () => {
           usage,
         },
       ])
-      expect(response.message.content).toEqual([
-        {
-          type: "tool-call",
-          id: "call_1",
-          itemId: "item_1",
-          name: "lookup",
-          input: { query: "weather" },
-          providerExecuted: undefined,
-          providerMetadata: { openai: { itemId: "item_1" } },
-        },
-      ])
     }),
   )
 
@@ -1731,7 +1596,6 @@ describe("OpenAI Responses route", () => {
       expect(response.events.find(LLMEvent.is.toolInputError)).toEqual({
         type: "tool-input-error",
         id: "call_1",
-        itemId: "item_1",
         name: "lookup",
         raw: '{"query":"partial',
       })
@@ -1788,7 +1652,6 @@ describe("OpenAI Responses route", () => {
         {
           type: "tool-call",
           id: "ws_1",
-          itemId: "ws_1",
           name: "web_search",
           input: { type: "search", query: "effect 4" },
           providerExecuted: true,
@@ -1797,35 +1660,11 @@ describe("OpenAI Responses route", () => {
         {
           type: "tool-result",
           id: "ws_1",
-          itemId: "ws_1",
           name: "web_search",
           result: { type: "json", value: item },
           providerExecuted: true,
-          providerMetadata: { openai: { itemId: "ws_1", item } },
-          output: undefined,
-        },
-      ])
-      expect(response.message.content).toEqual([
-        {
-          type: "tool-call",
-          id: "ws_1",
-          itemId: "ws_1",
-          name: "web_search",
-          input: { type: "search", query: "effect 4" },
-          providerExecuted: true,
           providerMetadata: { openai: { itemId: "ws_1" } },
         },
-        {
-          type: "tool-result",
-          id: "ws_1",
-          itemId: "ws_1",
-          name: "web_search",
-          result: { type: "json", value: item },
-          providerExecuted: true,
-          providerMetadata: { openai: { itemId: "ws_1", item } },
-          metadata: undefined,
-          cache: undefined,
-        },
       ])
     }),
   )
@@ -1903,7 +1742,6 @@ describe("OpenAI Responses route", () => {
       expect(toolCall).toEqual({
         type: "tool-call",
         id: "ci_1",
-        itemId: "ci_1",
         name: "code_interpreter",
         input: { code: "print(1+1)", container_id: "cnt_xyz" },
         providerExecuted: true,
@@ -1913,12 +1751,10 @@ describe("OpenAI Responses route", () => {
       expect(toolResult).toEqual({
         type: "tool-result",
         id: "ci_1",
-        itemId: "ci_1",
         name: "code_interpreter",
         result: { type: "json", value: item },
         providerExecuted: true,
-        providerMetadata: { openai: { itemId: "ci_1", item } },
-        output: undefined,
+        providerMetadata: { openai: { itemId: "ci_1" } },
       })
     }),
   )

packages/ai/test/response.test.ts

@@ -49,43 +49,6 @@ describe("LLMResponse reducer", () => {
     expect(state.message.content).toEqual([{ type: "text", text: "partial" }])
   })
 
-  test("assembles response item identity and provider metadata", () => {
-    const response = LLMResponse.fromEvents([
-      LLMEvent.textStart({ id: "text-block", itemId: "msg_existing" }),
-      LLMEvent.textDelta({
-        id: "text-block",
-        itemId: "msg_existing",
-        text: "Answer",
-        providerMetadata: { openai: { itemId: "msg_existing" } },
-      }),
-      LLMEvent.textEnd({ id: "text-block", itemId: "msg_existing" }),
-      LLMEvent.reasoningStart({ id: "reasoning-block", itemId: "rs_existing" }),
-      LLMEvent.reasoningDelta({
-        id: "reasoning-block",
-        itemId: "rs_existing",
-        text: "Thought",
-        providerMetadata: { openai: { itemId: "rs_existing" } },
-      }),
-      LLMEvent.reasoningEnd({ id: "reasoning-block", itemId: "rs_existing" }),
-      LLMEvent.finish({ reason: { normalized: "stop" } }),
-    ])
-
-    expect(response?.message.content).toEqual([
-      {
-        type: "text",
-        text: "Answer",
-        itemId: "msg_existing",
-        providerMetadata: { openai: { itemId: "msg_existing" } },
-      },
-      {
-        type: "reasoning",
-        text: "Thought",
-        itemId: "rs_existing",
-        providerMetadata: { openai: { itemId: "rs_existing" } },
-      },
-    ])
-  })
-
   test("does not complete ended content without a terminal finish", () => {
     const state = reduce([
       LLMEvent.textStart({ id: "t1" }),

packages/ai/test/tool-runtime.test.ts

@@ -172,7 +172,7 @@ describe("LLMClient tools", () => {
       expect(calls).toEqual([{ id: "call_projected", parameters: { prefix: "count" }, output: { count: "2" } }])
       expect(dispatched.result).toEqual({ type: "text", value: "count:2" })
       expect(dispatched.output).toEqual({ structured: { count: "2" }, content: [{ type: "text", text: "count:2" }] })
-      expect(dispatched.events).toMatchObject([
+      expect(dispatched.events).toEqual([
         LLMEvent.toolResult({
           id: "call_projected",
           name: "projected",
@@ -180,7 +180,6 @@ describe("LLMClient tools", () => {
           output: { structured: { count: "2" }, content: [{ type: "text", text: "count:2" }] },
         }),
       ])
-      expect(dispatched.events[0]?.itemId).toBeUndefined()
     }),
   )
 
@@ -198,7 +197,7 @@ describe("LLMClient tools", () => {
         LLMEvent.toolCall({ id: "call_1", name: "tool", input: {}, providerMetadata }),
       )
 
-      expect(dispatched.events).toMatchObject([
+      expect(dispatched.events).toEqual([
         LLMEvent.toolResult({
           id: "call_1",
           name: "tool",
@@ -207,13 +206,12 @@ describe("LLMClient tools", () => {
           providerMetadata,
         }),
       ])
-      expect(dispatched.events[0]?.itemId).toBeUndefined()
 
       const failed = yield* ToolRuntime.dispatch(
         {},
-        LLMEvent.toolCall({ id: "call_2", itemId: "fc_failed", name: "missing", input: {}, providerMetadata }),
+        LLMEvent.toolCall({ id: "call_2", name: "missing", input: {}, providerMetadata }),
       )
-      expect(failed.events).toMatchObject([
+      expect(failed.events).toEqual([
         LLMEvent.toolError({
           id: "call_2",
           name: "missing",
@@ -227,27 +225,6 @@ describe("LLMClient tools", () => {
           providerMetadata,
         }),
       ])
-      const errorItemID = failed.events.find(LLMEvent.is.toolError)?.itemId
-      const resultItemID = failed.events.find(LLMEvent.is.toolResult)?.itemId
-      expect(errorItemID).toBeUndefined()
-      expect(resultItemID).toBeUndefined()
-    }),
-  )
-
-  it.effect("does not derive a function output item id from the function call item id", () =>
-    Effect.gen(function* () {
-      const tool = Tool.make({
-        description: "Return text.",
-        parameters: Schema.Struct({}),
-        success: Schema.String,
-        execute: () => Effect.succeed("hello"),
-      })
-      const dispatched = yield* ToolRuntime.dispatch(
-        { tool },
-        LLMEvent.toolCall({ id: "call_1", itemId: "fc_existing", name: "tool", input: {} }),
-      )
-
-      expect(dispatched.events.find(LLMEvent.is.toolResult)?.itemId).toBeUndefined()
     }),
   )
 
@@ -460,7 +437,7 @@ describe("LLMClient tools", () => {
       )
 
       expect(dispatched.result).toEqual(callerOwned)
-      expect(dispatched.events).toMatchObject([
+      expect(dispatched.events).toEqual([
         LLMEvent.toolResult({
           id: "call_1",
           name: "eventful",
@@ -468,7 +445,6 @@ describe("LLMClient tools", () => {
           output: { structured: { ok: true }, content: [] },
         }),
       ])
-      expect(dispatched.events[0]?.itemId).toBeUndefined()
     }),
   )
 

packages/app/e2e/performance/timeline-stability/scroll-interaction.spec.ts

@@ -134,6 +134,22 @@ test("does not pull a keyboard-scrolled user during shell remeasurement", async
   await reportVisualStability(testInfo, "keyboard-during-resize", trace, anchorPlan(regions))
 })
 
+test("accumulates rapid page key presses", async ({ page }) => {
+  await setupTimeline(page, {
+    messages: history(80),
+    viewport: { width: 1400, height: 700 },
+  })
+  const scroller = page.locator(".scroll-view__viewport", { has: page.locator("[data-timeline-row]") })
+  await scroller.evaluate((element) => (element.scrollTop = element.scrollHeight))
+  await scroller.focus()
+  const before = await scroller.evaluate((element) => ({ top: element.scrollTop, height: element.clientHeight }))
+
+  for (let index = 0; index < 3; index++) await scroller.press("PageUp")
+
+  await page.waitForTimeout(150)
+  expect(before.top - (await scroller.evaluate((element) => element.scrollTop))).toBeGreaterThan(before.height * 2.2)
+})
+
 test("tracks keyboard scrolling from a focused timeline descendant", async ({ page }, testInfo) => {
   const shellID = "prt_descendant_keyboard_01_shell"
   const timeline = await setupTimeline(page, {

packages/app/src/context/server-session-v2-reducer.test.ts

@@ -153,88 +153,4 @@ describe("v2 session reducer", () => {
 
     expect(result).toMatchObject({ sessionID: "ses_1", missing: "msg_user", touched: [] })
   })
-
-  test("removes cancelled input from the pending promotion fold", () => {
-    const reducer = createV2SessionReducer()
-    reducer.reduce(
-      [],
-      event({
-        ...base,
-        id: "evt_admitted",
-        type: "session.input.admitted",
-        data: {
-          sessionID: "ses_1",
-          inputID: "msg_user",
-          input: { type: "user", delivery: "queue", data: { text: "cancel me" } },
-        },
-      }),
-    )
-    reducer.reduce(
-      [],
-      event({
-        ...base,
-        id: "evt_cancelled",
-        type: "session.input.cancelled",
-        data: { sessionID: "ses_1", inputID: "msg_user" },
-      }),
-    )
-    const result = reducer.reduce(
-      [],
-      event({
-        ...base,
-        id: "evt_promoted",
-        type: "session.input.promoted",
-        data: { sessionID: "ses_1", inputID: "msg_user" },
-      }),
-    )
-
-    expect(result).toMatchObject({ missing: "msg_user" })
-  })
-
-  test("keeps steered input available to the promotion fold", () => {
-    const reducer = createV2SessionReducer()
-    reducer.reduce(
-      [],
-      event({
-        ...base,
-        id: "evt_admitted",
-        type: "session.input.admitted",
-        data: {
-          sessionID: "ses_1",
-          inputID: "msg_user",
-          input: { type: "user", delivery: "queue", data: { text: "steer me" } },
-        },
-      }),
-    )
-    reducer.reduce(
-      [],
-      event({
-        ...base,
-        id: "evt_steered",
-        type: "session.input.steered",
-        data: { sessionID: "ses_1", inputID: "msg_user" },
-      }),
-    )
-    reducer.reduce(
-      [],
-      event({
-        ...base,
-        id: "evt_queued",
-        type: "session.input.queued",
-        data: { sessionID: "ses_1", inputID: "msg_user" },
-      }),
-    )
-
-    const result = reducer.reduce(
-      [],
-      event({
-        ...base,
-        id: "evt_promoted",
-        type: "session.input.promoted",
-        data: { sessionID: "ses_1", inputID: "msg_user" },
-      }),
-    )
-
-    expect(result?.messages).toMatchObject([{ id: "msg_user", type: "user", text: "steer me" }])
-  })
 })

packages/app/src/context/server-session-v2-reducer.ts

@@ -29,9 +29,6 @@ export function createV2SessionReducer() {
       case "session.input.admitted":
         pending.set(key(sessionID, event.data.inputID), event.data.input)
         return result([...source])
-      case "session.input.cancelled":
-        pending.delete(key(sessionID, event.data.inputID))
-        return
       case "session.input.promoted": {
         const input = pending.get(key(sessionID, event.data.inputID))
         pending.delete(key(sessionID, event.data.inputID))

packages/app/src/pages/session.tsx

@@ -688,8 +688,6 @@ export default function Page() {
     return {
       queryKey: [...vcsKey(), mode] as const,
       enabled,
-      refetchOnMount: "always" as const,
-      refetchOnWindowFocus: true,
       queryFn: mode
         ? () =>
             sdk()
@@ -703,16 +701,6 @@ export default function Page() {
     }
   })
   const refreshVcs = debounce(() => void queryClient.invalidateQueries({ queryKey: vcsKey() }), 100)
-  createEffect(
-    on(
-      () => desktopReviewOpen() || mobileChanges(),
-      (open, previous) => {
-        if (!open || previous || !desktopFileTreeOpen() || vcsQuery.isFetching) return
-        refreshVcs()
-      },
-      { defer: true },
-    ),
-  )
   const reviewDiffs = () => {
     if (reviewMode() === "git" || reviewMode() === "branch")
       // avoids suspense
@@ -959,6 +947,19 @@ export default function Page() {
     ),
   )
 
+  const stopVcs = sdk().event.listen((evt) => {
+    const details = evt.details as { type: string; properties?: unknown }
+    if (details.type !== "file.watcher.updated" && details.type !== "filesystem.changed") return
+    const props =
+      typeof details.properties === "object" && details.properties
+        ? (details.properties as Record<string, unknown>)
+        : undefined
+    const file = typeof props?.file === "string" ? props.file : undefined
+    if (!file || file.startsWith(".git/")) return
+    refreshVcs()
+  })
+  onCleanup(stopVcs)
+
   createEffect(
     on(
       () => sdk().directory,

packages/client/src/effect/api/api.ts

@@ -263,52 +263,38 @@ export type Endpoint5_23Input = { readonly sessionID: Session.ID }
 export type Endpoint5_23Output = ReadonlyArray<SessionPending.Info>
 export type SessionPendingListOperation<E = never> = (input: Endpoint5_23Input) => Effect.Effect<Endpoint5_23Output, E>
 
-export type Endpoint5_24Input = { readonly sessionID: Session.ID; readonly inputID: SessionMessage.ID }
-export type Endpoint5_24Output = void
-export type SessionPendingCancelOperation<E = never> = (
+export type Endpoint5_24Input = { readonly sessionID: Session.ID }
+export type Endpoint5_24Output = ReadonlyArray<InstructionEntry.Info>
+export type SessionInstructionsEntryListOperation<E = never> = (
   input: Endpoint5_24Input,
 ) => Effect.Effect<Endpoint5_24Output, E>
 
-export type Endpoint5_25Input = { readonly sessionID: Session.ID; readonly inputID: SessionMessage.ID }
-export type Endpoint5_25Output = void
-export type SessionPendingSteerOperation<E = never> = (input: Endpoint5_25Input) => Effect.Effect<Endpoint5_25Output, E>
-
-export type Endpoint5_26Input = { readonly sessionID: Session.ID; readonly inputID: SessionMessage.ID }
-export type Endpoint5_26Output = void
-export type SessionPendingQueueOperation<E = never> = (input: Endpoint5_26Input) => Effect.Effect<Endpoint5_26Output, E>
-
-export type Endpoint5_27Input = { readonly sessionID: Session.ID }
-export type Endpoint5_27Output = ReadonlyArray<InstructionEntry.Info>
-export type SessionInstructionsEntryListOperation<E = never> = (
-  input: Endpoint5_27Input,
-) => Effect.Effect<Endpoint5_27Output, E>
-
-export type Endpoint5_28Input = {
+export type Endpoint5_25Input = {
   readonly sessionID: Session.ID
   readonly key: InstructionEntry.Key
   readonly value: Schema.Json
 }
-export type Endpoint5_28Output = void
+export type Endpoint5_25Output = void
 export type SessionInstructionsEntryPutOperation<E = never> = (
-  input: Endpoint5_28Input,
-) => Effect.Effect<Endpoint5_28Output, E>
+  input: Endpoint5_25Input,
+) => Effect.Effect<Endpoint5_25Output, E>
 
-export type Endpoint5_29Input = { readonly sessionID: Session.ID; readonly key: InstructionEntry.Key }
-export type Endpoint5_29Output = void
+export type Endpoint5_26Input = { readonly sessionID: Session.ID; readonly key: InstructionEntry.Key }
+export type Endpoint5_26Output = void
 export type SessionInstructionsEntryRemoveOperation<E = never> = (
-  input: Endpoint5_29Input,
-) => Effect.Effect<Endpoint5_29Output, E>
+  input: Endpoint5_26Input,
+) => Effect.Effect<Endpoint5_26Output, E>
 
-export type Endpoint5_30Input = { readonly sessionID: Session.ID; readonly prompt: string }
-export type Endpoint5_30Output = { readonly text: string }
-export type SessionGenerateOperation<E = never> = (input: Endpoint5_30Input) => Effect.Effect<Endpoint5_30Output, E>
+export type Endpoint5_27Input = { readonly sessionID: Session.ID; readonly prompt: string }
+export type Endpoint5_27Output = { readonly text: string }
+export type SessionGenerateOperation<E = never> = (input: Endpoint5_27Input) => Effect.Effect<Endpoint5_27Output, E>
 
-export type Endpoint5_31Input = {
+export type Endpoint5_28Input = {
   readonly sessionID: Session.ID
   readonly after?: Event.Seq | undefined
   readonly follow?: boolean | undefined
 }
-export type Endpoint5_31Output =
+export type Endpoint5_28Output =
   | (
       | {
           readonly id: Event.ID
@@ -418,33 +404,6 @@ export type Endpoint5_31Output =
             readonly input: SessionPending.Message
           }
         }
-      | {
-          readonly id: Event.ID
-          readonly created: DateTime.Utc
-          readonly metadata?: { readonly [x: string]: unknown } | undefined
-          readonly type: "session.input.cancelled"
-          readonly durable: { readonly aggregateID: string; readonly seq: Event.Seq; readonly version: Event.Version }
-          readonly location?: Location.Ref | undefined
-          readonly data: { readonly sessionID: Session.ID; readonly inputID: SessionMessage.ID }
-        }
-      | {
-          readonly id: Event.ID
-          readonly created: DateTime.Utc
-          readonly metadata?: { readonly [x: string]: unknown } | undefined
-          readonly type: "session.input.steered"
-          readonly durable: { readonly aggregateID: string; readonly seq: Event.Seq; readonly version: Event.Version }
-          readonly location?: Location.Ref | undefined
-          readonly data: { readonly sessionID: Session.ID; readonly inputID: SessionMessage.ID }
-        }
-      | {
-          readonly id: Event.ID
-          readonly created: DateTime.Utc
-          readonly metadata?: { readonly [x: string]: unknown } | undefined
-          readonly type: "session.input.queued"
-          readonly durable: { readonly aggregateID: string; readonly seq: Event.Seq; readonly version: Event.Version }
-          readonly location?: Location.Ref | undefined
-          readonly data: { readonly sessionID: Session.ID; readonly inputID: SessionMessage.ID }
-        }
       | {
           readonly id: Event.ID
           readonly created: DateTime.Utc
@@ -903,19 +862,19 @@ export type Endpoint5_31Output =
         }
     )
   | EventLog.Synced
-export type SessionLogOperation<E = never> = (input: Endpoint5_31Input) => Stream.Stream<Endpoint5_31Output, E>
+export type SessionLogOperation<E = never> = (input: Endpoint5_28Input) => Stream.Stream<Endpoint5_28Output, E>
 
-export type Endpoint5_32Input = { readonly sessionID: Session.ID }
-export type Endpoint5_32Output = void
-export type SessionInterruptOperation<E = never> = (input: Endpoint5_32Input) => Effect.Effect<Endpoint5_32Output, E>
+export type Endpoint5_29Input = { readonly sessionID: Session.ID }
+export type Endpoint5_29Output = void
+export type SessionInterruptOperation<E = never> = (input: Endpoint5_29Input) => Effect.Effect<Endpoint5_29Output, E>
 
-export type Endpoint5_33Input = { readonly sessionID: Session.ID }
-export type Endpoint5_33Output = void
-export type SessionBackgroundOperation<E = never> = (input: Endpoint5_33Input) => Effect.Effect<Endpoint5_33Output, E>
+export type Endpoint5_30Input = { readonly sessionID: Session.ID }
+export type Endpoint5_30Output = void
+export type SessionBackgroundOperation<E = never> = (input: Endpoint5_30Input) => Effect.Effect<Endpoint5_30Output, E>
 
-export type Endpoint5_34Input = { readonly sessionID: Session.ID; readonly messageID: SessionMessage.ID }
-export type Endpoint5_34Output = SessionMessage.Info
-export type SessionMessageOperation<E = never> = (input: Endpoint5_34Input) => Effect.Effect<Endpoint5_34Output, E>
+export type Endpoint5_31Input = { readonly sessionID: Session.ID; readonly messageID: SessionMessage.ID }
+export type Endpoint5_31Output = SessionMessage.Info
+export type SessionMessageOperation<E = never> = (input: Endpoint5_31Input) => Effect.Effect<Endpoint5_31Output, E>
 
 export interface SessionApi<E = never> {
   readonly list: SessionListOperation<E>
@@ -943,12 +902,7 @@ export interface SessionApi<E = never> {
     readonly commit: SessionRevertCommitOperation<E>
   }
   readonly context: SessionContextOperation<E>
-  readonly pending: {
-    readonly list: SessionPendingListOperation<E>
-    readonly cancel: SessionPendingCancelOperation<E>
-    readonly steer: SessionPendingSteerOperation<E>
-    readonly queue: SessionPendingQueueOperation<E>
-  }
+  readonly pending: { readonly list: SessionPendingListOperation<E> }
   readonly instructions: {
     readonly entry: {
       readonly list: SessionInstructionsEntryListOperation<E>

packages/client/src/effect/generated/client.ts

@@ -80,12 +80,6 @@ import type {
   Endpoint5_30Output,
   Endpoint5_31Input,
   Endpoint5_31Output,
-  Endpoint5_32Input,
-  Endpoint5_32Output,
-  Endpoint5_33Input,
-  Endpoint5_33Output,
-  Endpoint5_34Input,
-  Endpoint5_34Output,
   Endpoint6_0Input,
   Endpoint6_0Output,
   Endpoint7_0Input,
@@ -529,58 +523,37 @@ const Endpoint5_23 = (raw: RawClient["server.session"]) => (input: Endpoint5_23I
 
 const Endpoint5_24 = (raw: RawClient["server.session"]) => (input: Endpoint5_24Input) =>
   preserveEffect<Endpoint5_24Output>()(
-    raw["session.pending.cancel"]({ params: { sessionID: input["sessionID"], inputID: input["inputID"] } }).pipe(
-      Effect.mapError(mapClientError),
-    ),
-  )
-
-const Endpoint5_25 = (raw: RawClient["server.session"]) => (input: Endpoint5_25Input) =>
-  preserveEffect<Endpoint5_25Output>()(
-    raw["session.pending.steer"]({ params: { sessionID: input["sessionID"], inputID: input["inputID"] } }).pipe(
-      Effect.mapError(mapClientError),
-    ),
-  )
-
-const Endpoint5_26 = (raw: RawClient["server.session"]) => (input: Endpoint5_26Input) =>
-  preserveEffect<Endpoint5_26Output>()(
-    raw["session.pending.queue"]({ params: { sessionID: input["sessionID"], inputID: input["inputID"] } }).pipe(
-      Effect.mapError(mapClientError),
-    ),
-  )
-
-const Endpoint5_27 = (raw: RawClient["server.session"]) => (input: Endpoint5_27Input) =>
-  preserveEffect<Endpoint5_27Output>()(
     raw["session.instructions.entry.list"]({ params: { sessionID: input["sessionID"] } }).pipe(
       Effect.mapError(mapClientError),
       Effect.map((value) => value.data),
     ),
   )
 
-const Endpoint5_28 = (raw: RawClient["server.session"]) => (input: Endpoint5_28Input) =>
-  preserveEffect<Endpoint5_28Output>()(
+const Endpoint5_25 = (raw: RawClient["server.session"]) => (input: Endpoint5_25Input) =>
+  preserveEffect<Endpoint5_25Output>()(
     raw["session.instructions.entry.put"]({
       params: { sessionID: input["sessionID"], key: input["key"] },
       payload: { value: input["value"] },
     }).pipe(Effect.mapError(mapClientError)),
   )
 
-const Endpoint5_29 = (raw: RawClient["server.session"]) => (input: Endpoint5_29Input) =>
-  preserveEffect<Endpoint5_29Output>()(
+const Endpoint5_26 = (raw: RawClient["server.session"]) => (input: Endpoint5_26Input) =>
+  preserveEffect<Endpoint5_26Output>()(
     raw["session.instructions.entry.remove"]({ params: { sessionID: input["sessionID"], key: input["key"] } }).pipe(
       Effect.mapError(mapClientError),
     ),
   )
 
-const Endpoint5_30 = (raw: RawClient["server.session"]) => (input: Endpoint5_30Input) =>
-  preserveEffect<Endpoint5_30Output>()(
+const Endpoint5_27 = (raw: RawClient["server.session"]) => (input: Endpoint5_27Input) =>
+  preserveEffect<Endpoint5_27Output>()(
     raw["session.generate"]({ params: { sessionID: input["sessionID"] }, payload: { prompt: input["prompt"] } }).pipe(
       Effect.mapError(mapClientError),
       Effect.map((value) => value.data),
     ),
   )
 
-const Endpoint5_31 = (raw: RawClient["server.session"]) => (input: Endpoint5_31Input) =>
-  preserveStream<Endpoint5_31Output>()(
+const Endpoint5_28 = (raw: RawClient["server.session"]) => (input: Endpoint5_28Input) =>
+  preserveStream<Endpoint5_28Output>()(
     Stream.unwrap(
       raw["session.log"]({
         params: { sessionID: input["sessionID"] },
@@ -592,18 +565,18 @@ const Endpoint5_31 = (raw: RawClient["server.session"]) => (input: Endpoint5_31I
     ),
   )
 
-const Endpoint5_32 = (raw: RawClient["server.session"]) => (input: Endpoint5_32Input) =>
-  preserveEffect<Endpoint5_32Output>()(
+const Endpoint5_29 = (raw: RawClient["server.session"]) => (input: Endpoint5_29Input) =>
+  preserveEffect<Endpoint5_29Output>()(
     raw["session.interrupt"]({ params: { sessionID: input["sessionID"] } }).pipe(Effect.mapError(mapClientError)),
   )
 
-const Endpoint5_33 = (raw: RawClient["server.session"]) => (input: Endpoint5_33Input) =>
-  preserveEffect<Endpoint5_33Output>()(
+const Endpoint5_30 = (raw: RawClient["server.session"]) => (input: Endpoint5_30Input) =>
+  preserveEffect<Endpoint5_30Output>()(
     raw["session.background"]({ params: { sessionID: input["sessionID"] } }).pipe(Effect.mapError(mapClientError)),
   )
 
-const Endpoint5_34 = (raw: RawClient["server.session"]) => (input: Endpoint5_34Input) =>
-  preserveEffect<Endpoint5_34Output>()(
+const Endpoint5_31 = (raw: RawClient["server.session"]) => (input: Endpoint5_31Input) =>
+  preserveEffect<Endpoint5_31Output>()(
     raw["session.message"]({ params: { sessionID: input["sessionID"], messageID: input["messageID"] } }).pipe(
       Effect.mapError(mapClientError),
       Effect.map((value) => value.data),
@@ -632,13 +605,13 @@ const adaptGroup5 = (raw: RawClient["server.session"]) => ({
   wait: Endpoint5_18(raw),
   revert: { stage: Endpoint5_19(raw), clear: Endpoint5_20(raw), commit: Endpoint5_21(raw) },
   context: Endpoint5_22(raw),
-  pending: { list: Endpoint5_23(raw), cancel: Endpoint5_24(raw), steer: Endpoint5_25(raw), queue: Endpoint5_26(raw) },
-  instructions: { entry: { list: Endpoint5_27(raw), put: Endpoint5_28(raw), remove: Endpoint5_29(raw) } },
-  generate: Endpoint5_30(raw),
-  log: Endpoint5_31(raw),
-  interrupt: Endpoint5_32(raw),
-  background: Endpoint5_33(raw),
-  message: Endpoint5_34(raw),
+  pending: { list: Endpoint5_23(raw) },
+  instructions: { entry: { list: Endpoint5_24(raw), put: Endpoint5_25(raw), remove: Endpoint5_26(raw) } },
+  generate: Endpoint5_27(raw),
+  log: Endpoint5_28(raw),
+  interrupt: Endpoint5_29(raw),
+  background: Endpoint5_30(raw),
+  message: Endpoint5_31(raw),
 })
 
 const Endpoint6_0 = (raw: RawClient["server.message"]) => (input: Endpoint6_0Input) =>

packages/client/src/promise/generated/client.ts

@@ -58,12 +58,6 @@ import type {
   SessionContextOutput,
   SessionPendingListInput,
   SessionPendingListOutput,
-  SessionPendingCancelInput,
-  SessionPendingCancelOutput,
-  SessionPendingSteerInput,
-  SessionPendingSteerOutput,
-  SessionPendingQueueInput,
-  SessionPendingQueueOutput,
   SessionInstructionsEntryListInput,
   SessionInstructionsEntryListOutput,
   SessionInstructionsEntryPutInput,
@@ -772,39 +766,6 @@ export function make(options: ClientOptions) {
             },
             requestOptions,
           ).then((value) => value.data),
-        cancel: (input: SessionPendingCancelInput, requestOptions?: RequestOptions) =>
-          request<SessionPendingCancelOutput>(
-            {
-              method: "DELETE",
-              path: `/api/session/${encodeURIComponent(input.sessionID)}/pending/${encodeURIComponent(input.inputID)}`,
-              successStatus: 204,
-              declaredStatuses: [409, 404, 401, 400],
-              empty: true,
-            },
-            requestOptions,
-          ),
-        steer: (input: SessionPendingSteerInput, requestOptions?: RequestOptions) =>
-          request<SessionPendingSteerOutput>(
-            {
-              method: "POST",
-              path: `/api/session/${encodeURIComponent(input.sessionID)}/pending/${encodeURIComponent(input.inputID)}/steer`,
-              successStatus: 204,
-              declaredStatuses: [409, 404, 401, 400],
-              empty: true,
-            },
-            requestOptions,
-          ),
-        queue: (input: SessionPendingQueueInput, requestOptions?: RequestOptions) =>
-          request<SessionPendingQueueOutput>(
-            {
-              method: "POST",
-              path: `/api/session/${encodeURIComponent(input.sessionID)}/pending/${encodeURIComponent(input.inputID)}/queue`,
-              successStatus: 204,
-              declaredStatuses: [409, 404, 401, 400],
-              empty: true,
-            },
-            requestOptions,
-          ),
       },
       instructions: {
         entry: {

packages/client/src/promise/generated/types.ts

@@ -502,36 +502,6 @@ export type SessionInputPromoted = {
   data: { sessionID: string; inputID: string }
 }
 
-export type SessionInputCancelled = {
-  id: string
-  created: number
-  metadata?: { [x: string]: any }
-  type: "session.input.cancelled"
-  durable: { aggregateID: string; seq: number; version: 1 }
-  location?: LocationRef
-  data: { sessionID: string; inputID: string }
-}
-
-export type SessionInputSteered = {
-  id: string
-  created: number
-  metadata?: { [x: string]: any }
-  type: "session.input.steered"
-  durable: { aggregateID: string; seq: number; version: 1 }
-  location?: LocationRef
-  data: { sessionID: string; inputID: string }
-}
-
-export type SessionInputQueued = {
-  id: string
-  created: number
-  metadata?: { [x: string]: any }
-  type: "session.input.queued"
-  durable: { aggregateID: string; seq: number; version: 1 }
-  location?: LocationRef
-  data: { sessionID: string; inputID: string }
-}
-
 export type SessionExecutionStarted = {
   id: string
   created: number
@@ -2000,9 +1970,6 @@ export type SessionEventDurable =
   | SessionForked
   | SessionInputPromoted
   | SessionInputAdmitted
-  | SessionInputCancelled
-  | SessionInputSteered
-  | SessionInputQueued
   | SessionExecutionStarted
   | SessionExecutionSucceeded
   | SessionExecutionFailed
@@ -2057,9 +2024,6 @@ export type V2Event =
   | SessionForked
   | SessionInputPromoted
   | SessionInputAdmitted
-  | SessionInputCancelled
-  | SessionInputSteered
-  | SessionInputQueued
   | SessionExecutionStarted
   | SessionExecutionSucceeded
   | SessionExecutionFailed
@@ -3725,27 +3689,6 @@ export type SessionPendingListInput = { readonly sessionID: { readonly sessionID
 
 export type SessionPendingListOutput = { data: Array<SessionPendingInfo> }["data"]
 
-export type SessionPendingCancelInput = {
-  readonly sessionID: { readonly sessionID: string; readonly inputID: string }["sessionID"]
-  readonly inputID: { readonly sessionID: string; readonly inputID: string }["inputID"]
-}
-
-export type SessionPendingCancelOutput = void
-
-export type SessionPendingSteerInput = {
-  readonly sessionID: { readonly sessionID: string; readonly inputID: string }["sessionID"]
-  readonly inputID: { readonly sessionID: string; readonly inputID: string }["inputID"]
-}
-
-export type SessionPendingSteerOutput = void
-
-export type SessionPendingQueueInput = {
-  readonly sessionID: { readonly sessionID: string; readonly inputID: string }["sessionID"]
-  readonly inputID: { readonly sessionID: string; readonly inputID: string }["inputID"]
-}
-
-export type SessionPendingQueueOutput = void
-
 export type SessionInstructionsEntryListInput = { readonly sessionID: { readonly sessionID: string }["sessionID"] }
 
 export type SessionInstructionsEntryListOutput = { data: Array<InstructionEntryInfo> }["data"]

packages/client/test/contract-identity.test.ts

@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ test("effect entrypoint exposes canonical Schema contracts", () => {
 test("generated Effect API names canonical and composed outputs", async () => {
   const source = await Bun.file(new URL("../src/effect/api/api.ts", import.meta.url)).text()
 
-  expect(source).toContain("export type Endpoint5_5Output = Session.Info")
+  expect(source).toContain("export type Endpoint5_3Output = Session.Info")
   expect(source).toContain("export type Endpoint19_0Output = OpenCodeEvent")
   expect(source).not.toContain("HttpApiClient.ForApi")
 })

packages/client/test/promise.test.ts

@@ -32,7 +32,6 @@ test("exposes every standard HTTP API group", () => {
     "projectCopy",
     "vcs",
     "debug",
-    "migration",
     "websearch",
     "config",
   ])
@@ -357,28 +356,6 @@ test("session.pending.list uses the public HTTP contract", async () => {
   expect(requests).toEqual([{ method: "GET", url: "http://localhost:3000/api/session/ses_test/pending" }])
 })
 
-test("session.pending mutations use the public HTTP contract", async () => {
-  const requests: Array<{ method: string; url: string }> = []
-  const client = OpenCode.make({
-    baseUrl: "http://localhost:3000",
-    fetch: async (input, init) => {
-      const request = input instanceof Request ? input : new Request(input, init)
-      requests.push({ method: request.method, url: request.url })
-      return new Response(null, { status: 204 })
-    },
-  })
-
-  await client.session.pending.cancel({ sessionID: "ses_test", inputID: "msg_cancel" })
-  await client.session.pending.steer({ sessionID: "ses_test", inputID: "msg_steer" })
-  await client.session.pending.queue({ sessionID: "ses_test", inputID: "msg_queue" })
-
-  expect(requests).toEqual([
-    { method: "DELETE", url: "http://localhost:3000/api/session/ses_test/pending/msg_cancel" },
-    { method: "POST", url: "http://localhost:3000/api/session/ses_test/pending/msg_steer/steer" },
-    { method: "POST", url: "http://localhost:3000/api/session/ses_test/pending/msg_queue/queue" },
-  ])
-})
-
 test("event.subscribe exposes the Promise event stream wire projection", async () => {
   const client = OpenCode.make({
     baseUrl: "http://localhost:3000",

packages/core/package.json

@@ -17,7 +17,6 @@
     "opencode": "./bin/opencode"
   },
   "exports": {
-    "./environment": "./src/environment/index.ts",
     "./session/runner": "./src/session/runner/index.ts",
     "./instructions": "./src/instructions/index.ts",
     "./*": "./src/*.ts"
@@ -118,7 +117,6 @@
     "immer": "11.1.4",
     "ignore": "7.0.5",
     "jsonc-parser": "3.3.1",
-    "mime-types": "3.0.2",
     "turndown": "7.2.0",
     "tree-sitter-bash": "0.25.0",
     "tree-sitter-powershell": "0.25.10",

packages/core/src/config/plugin/provider.ts

@@ -13,14 +13,12 @@ export const Plugin = define({
     const config = yield* Config.Service
     const loaded = { entries: yield* config.entries() }
     yield* ctx.integration.transform((integrations) => {
+      const configuredIntegrations = new Set(
+        configuredProviders(loaded.entries).flatMap(([id, provider]) => (provider.env === undefined ? [] : [id])),
+      )
       for (const [id, provider] of configuredProviders(loaded.entries)) {
         const integrationID = id
-        if (!integrations.get(integrationID)) {
-          integrations.method.update({
-            integrationID,
-            method: { type: "key", label: "Manually enter API Key" },
-          })
-        }
+        if (!configuredIntegrations.has(id) && !integrations.get(integrationID)) continue
         integrations.update(integrationID, (integration) => {
           integration.name = provider.name ?? integration.name
         })

packages/core/src/environment/driver.ts

@@ -1,9 +0,0 @@
-import type { ChildProcessSpawner } from "effect/unstable/process/ChildProcessSpawner"
-import type { FilesImpl } from "./files"
-
-export interface Driver {
-  readonly spawner: ChildProcessSpawner["Service"]
-  readonly overrides?: Partial<FilesImpl>
-}
-
-export * as EnvironmentDriver from "./driver"

packages/core/src/environment/environment.ts

@@ -1,26 +0,0 @@
-import { CrossSpawnSpawner } from "@opencode-ai/util/cross-spawn-spawner"
-import { makeLocationNode } from "@opencode-ai/util/effect/app-node"
-import { Context, Effect, Layer } from "effect"
-import { ChildProcessSpawner } from "effect/unstable/process/ChildProcessSpawner"
-import type { Files } from "./files"
-import { makeFiles } from "./index"
-import { makeLocalDriver } from "./local"
-
-export interface Interface {
-  readonly files: Files
-  readonly spawner: ChildProcessSpawner["Service"]
-}
-
-export class Service extends Context.Service<Service, Interface>()("@opencode/Environment") {}
-
-const layer = Layer.effect(
-  Service,
-  Effect.gen(function* () {
-    const spawner = yield* ChildProcessSpawner
-    return Service.of({ files: makeFiles(makeLocalDriver(spawner)), spawner })
-  }),
-)
-
-export const node = makeLocationNode({ service: Service, layer, deps: [CrossSpawnSpawner.node] })
-
-export * as EnvironmentService from "./environment"

packages/core/src/environment/exec-defaults.ts

@@ -1,192 +0,0 @@
-import { Effect, Stream } from "effect"
-import { ChildProcess } from "effect/unstable/process"
-import type { ChildProcessSpawner } from "effect/unstable/process/ChildProcessSpawner"
-import { collectStream } from "@opencode-ai/util/process"
-import { Failed, NotFound, WrongKind, type FileInfo, type FileType, type FilesImpl } from "./files"
-
-/**
- * Files derived from spawning processes: one process per intent, "$1" is
- * always the target path. Scripts report classification through an exit-code
- * protocol (44/45/46) so failures never require parsing localized error text;
- * LC_ALL=C pins the one stderr match that remains. Requires GNU coreutils and
- * findutils in the target image — BSD and busybox userlands will not work.
- * Malformed output from these scripts is our own bug and dies as a defect.
- */
-
-const MAX_DATA_BYTES = 64 * 1024 * 1024
-const MAX_ERROR_BYTES = 64 * 1024
-const NOT_FOUND = 44
-const WRONG_KIND = 45
-const FAILED = 46
-const TAB = "\t"
-
-const loadMetadata = (flags = "") => `
-metadata=$(stat ${flags} -c '%F${TAB}%s${TAB}%Y' -- "$1" 2>&1) || {
-  case "$metadata" in
-    *'No such file or directory'*|*'Not a directory'*) exit ${NOT_FOUND} ;;
-    *) printf '%s' "$metadata" >&2; exit ${FAILED} ;;
-  esac
-}
-`
-
-const statScript = `
-${loadMetadata()}
-printf '%s\n' "$metadata"
-`
-
-const readScript = `
-${loadMetadata("-L")}
-kind=\${metadata%%${TAB}*}
-if [ "$kind" != 'regular file' ] && [ "$kind" != 'regular empty file' ]; then
-  printf '%s' "$kind" >&2
-  exit ${WRONG_KIND}
-fi
-printf '%s\n' "$metadata"
-if [ "$2" = range ]; then
-  dd if="$1" iflag=skip_bytes,count_bytes skip="$3" count="$4" status=none
-else
-  cat -- "$1"
-fi
-`
-
-const listScript = `
-${loadMetadata("-L")}
-kind=\${metadata%%${TAB}*}
-if [ "$kind" != directory ]; then
-  printf '%s' "$kind" >&2
-  exit ${WRONG_KIND}
-fi
-find -H "$1" -mindepth 1 -maxdepth 1 -printf '%y\\0%f\\0'
-`
-
-const moveScript = `
-${loadMetadata()}
-mv -- "$1" "$2"
-`
-
-interface Result {
-  readonly exitCode: number
-  readonly stdout: Uint8Array
-  readonly stderr: Uint8Array
-}
-
-export const execDefaults = (spawner: ChildProcessSpawner["Service"]): FilesImpl => {
-  const run = (
-    path: string,
-    script: string,
-    args: ReadonlyArray<string> = [],
-    stdin?: Uint8Array,
-  ): Effect.Effect<Result, Failed> =>
-    Effect.scoped(
-      Effect.gen(function* () {
-        const command = ChildProcess.make("sh", ["-c", script, "sh", path, ...args], {
-          env: { LC_ALL: "C" },
-          extendEnv: true,
-          stdin: stdin === undefined ? undefined : Stream.make(stdin),
-        })
-        const handle = yield* spawner.spawn(command).pipe(Effect.mapError((cause) => new Failed({ path, cause })))
-        const [stdout, stderr, exitCode] = yield* Effect.all(
-          [
-            collectStream(handle.stdout, MAX_DATA_BYTES),
-            collectStream(handle.stderr, MAX_ERROR_BYTES),
-            handle.exitCode,
-          ],
-          { concurrency: "unbounded" },
-        ).pipe(Effect.mapError((cause) => new Failed({ path, cause })))
-        if (stdout.truncated || stderr.truncated) {
-          return yield* new Failed({ path, cause: new Error("Process output exceeded its collection limit") })
-        }
-        return { exitCode, stdout: stdout.buffer, stderr: stderr.buffer }
-      }),
-    )
-
-  const classify = <A>(
-    path: string,
-    result: Result,
-    success: (stdout: Uint8Array) => A,
-  ): Effect.Effect<A, NotFound | WrongKind | Failed> => {
-    if (result.exitCode === 0) return Effect.sync(() => success(result.stdout))
-    if (result.exitCode === NOT_FOUND) return Effect.fail(new NotFound({ path }))
-    if (result.exitCode === WRONG_KIND) {
-      return Effect.fail(new WrongKind({ path, actual: parseType(new TextDecoder().decode(result.stderr)) }))
-    }
-    return Effect.fail(processFailure(path, result))
-  }
-
-  const complete = (path: string, result: Result) =>
-    result.exitCode === 0 ? Effect.void : Effect.fail(processFailure(path, result))
-
-  return {
-    stat: (path) => run(path, statScript).pipe(Effect.flatMap((result) => classifyPlain(path, result, parseInfo))),
-    read: (path, range) =>
-      run(
-        path,
-        readScript,
-        range === undefined ? ["whole"] : ["range", String(range.offset), String(range.length)],
-      ).pipe(
-        Effect.flatMap((result) =>
-          classify(path, result, (stdout) => {
-            const newline = stdout.indexOf(10)
-            if (newline < 0) throw new Error("Missing read metadata header")
-            return {
-              info: parseInfo(stdout.slice(0, newline)),
-              bytes: stdout.slice(newline + 1),
-            }
-          }),
-        ),
-      ),
-    write: (path, bytes) =>
-      run(path, `mkdir -p "$(dirname "$1")" && cat > "$1"`, [], bytes).pipe(
-        Effect.flatMap((result) => complete(path, result)),
-      ),
-    list: (path) => run(path, listScript).pipe(Effect.flatMap((result) => classify(path, result, parseList))),
-    remove: (path) => run(path, `rm -rf -- "$1"`).pipe(Effect.flatMap((result) => complete(path, result))),
-    move: (from, to) =>
-      run(from, moveScript, [to]).pipe(Effect.flatMap((result) => classifyPlain(from, result, () => undefined))),
-    mkdir: (path) => run(path, `mkdir -p -- "$1"`).pipe(Effect.flatMap((result) => complete(path, result))),
-  }
-}
-
-/** `classify` for scripts whose protocol never reports WrongKind. */
-const classifyPlain = <A>(
-  path: string,
-  result: Result,
-  success: (stdout: Uint8Array) => A,
-): Effect.Effect<A, NotFound | Failed> => {
-  if (result.exitCode === 0) return Effect.sync(() => success(result.stdout))
-  if (result.exitCode === NOT_FOUND) return Effect.fail(new NotFound({ path }))
-  return Effect.fail(processFailure(path, result))
-}
-
-const processFailure = (path: string, result: Result) =>
-  new Failed({
-    path,
-    cause: new Error(new TextDecoder().decode(result.stderr).trim() || `Process exited with code ${result.exitCode}`),
-  })
-
-const parseInfo = (bytes: Uint8Array): FileInfo => {
-  const [rawType, rawSize, rawMtime] = new TextDecoder().decode(bytes).trim().split(TAB)
-  const size = Number(rawSize)
-  const mtimeMs = Number(rawMtime) * 1_000
-  if (!rawType || !Number.isFinite(size) || !Number.isFinite(mtimeMs)) throw new Error("Invalid stat output")
-  return { type: parseType(rawType), size, mtimeMs }
-}
-
-const parseType = (value: string): FileType => {
-  if (value === "regular file" || value === "regular empty file" || value === "f") return "file"
-  if (value === "directory" || value === "d") return "directory"
-  if (value === "symbolic link" || value === "l") return "symlink"
-  return "other"
-}
-
-const parseList = (bytes: Uint8Array) => {
-  const fields = new TextDecoder().decode(bytes).split("\0")
-  fields.pop()
-  if (fields.length % 2 !== 0) throw new Error("Invalid find output")
-  return Array.from({ length: fields.length / 2 }, (_, index) => ({
-    name: fields[index * 2 + 1],
-    type: parseType(fields[index * 2]),
-  }))
-}
-
-export * as EnvironmentExecDefaults from "./exec-defaults"

packages/core/src/environment/files.ts

@@ -1,70 +0,0 @@
-import { Effect, Schema } from "effect"
-
-export const FileType = Schema.Literals(["file", "directory", "symlink", "other"])
-export type FileType = typeof FileType.Type
-
-export interface FileInfo {
-  readonly type: FileType
-  readonly size: number
-  readonly mtimeMs: number
-}
-
-export interface DirEntry {
-  readonly name: string
-  readonly type: FileType
-}
-
-export class NotFound extends Schema.TaggedErrorClass<NotFound>()("Environment.NotFound", {
-  path: Schema.String,
-}) {}
-
-export class WrongKind extends Schema.TaggedErrorClass<WrongKind>()("Environment.WrongKind", {
-  path: Schema.String,
-  actual: FileType,
-}) {}
-
-export class Failed extends Schema.TaggedErrorClass<Failed>()("Environment.Failed", {
-  path: Schema.String,
-  cause: Schema.Defect(),
-}) {}
-
-export interface FilesImpl {
-  /**
-   * Content operations (`read`, `list`) follow final symlinks; metadata operations (`stat` and entry
-   * tags returned by `list`) do not. `info` describes the target file whose bytes are returned.
-   * The process-backed default caps collected output at 64 MiB; larger whole-file reads fail with
-   * `Failed`, so callers must use ranges for larger files.
-   */
-  readonly read: (
-    path: string,
-    range?: { readonly offset: number; readonly length: number },
-  ) => Effect.Effect<{ readonly info: FileInfo; readonly bytes: Uint8Array }, NotFound | WrongKind | Failed>
-  readonly write: (path: string, bytes: Uint8Array) => Effect.Effect<void, Failed>
-  /** Describes the path entry itself, so a final symlink is reported as `symlink` rather than followed. */
-  readonly stat: (path: string) => Effect.Effect<FileInfo, NotFound | Failed>
-  /** Follows a final symlink to the listed directory while preserving each returned entry's own type. */
-  readonly list: (path: string) => Effect.Effect<ReadonlyArray<DirEntry>, NotFound | WrongKind | Failed>
-  readonly remove: (path: string) => Effect.Effect<void, Failed>
-  readonly move: (from: string, to: string) => Effect.Effect<void, NotFound | Failed>
-  readonly mkdir: (path: string) => Effect.Effect<void, Failed>
-}
-
-export interface Files extends FilesImpl {}
-
-/**
- * Derives a follow-stat kind from the lstat-like Files contract. A dangling
- * symlink fails with `NotFound`.
- */
-export const typeFollowing = (files: Files, path: string) =>
-  files.stat(path).pipe(
-    Effect.flatMap((info) =>
-      info.type === "symlink"
-        ? files.read(path, { offset: 0, length: 0 }).pipe(
-            Effect.map((result) => result.info.type),
-            Effect.catchTag("Environment.WrongKind", (error) => Effect.succeed(error.actual)),
-          )
-        : Effect.succeed(info.type),
-    ),
-  )
-
-export * as EnvironmentFiles from "./files"

packages/core/src/environment/index.ts

@@ -1,27 +0,0 @@
-export * as Environment from "./index"
-
-export { type Driver } from "./driver"
-export {
-  type DirEntry,
-  Failed,
-  type FileInfo,
-  type Files,
-  type FilesImpl,
-  type FileType,
-  NotFound,
-  typeFollowing,
-  WrongKind,
-} from "./files"
-export { execDefaults } from "./exec-defaults"
-export { makeLocalDriver } from "./local"
-export { makeMemoryDriver, type MemoryDriver } from "./memory"
-export { type Interface, node, Service } from "./environment"
-
-import type { Driver } from "./driver"
-import { execDefaults } from "./exec-defaults"
-import type { Files } from "./files"
-
-export const makeFiles = (driver: Driver): Files => ({
-  ...execDefaults(driver.spawner),
-  ...driver.overrides,
-})

packages/core/src/environment/local.ts

@@ -1,103 +0,0 @@
-import fs from "node:fs/promises"
-import path from "node:path"
-import { Effect } from "effect"
-import type { ChildProcessSpawner } from "effect/unstable/process/ChildProcessSpawner"
-import type { Driver } from "./driver"
-import { Failed, NotFound, WrongKind, type FileInfo, type FilesImpl, type FileType } from "./files"
-
-/**
- * The host filesystem binding. Deliberately raw node:fs rather than effect's
- * FileSystem service or FSUtil: the contract needs lstat semantics (stat
- * reports "symlink") and typed directory entries, and effect's node
- * FileSystem provides neither — its stat always follows symlinks and
- * readDirectory returns names only. FSUtil hits the same gap and its
- * readDirectoryEntries already bypasses to raw node readdir internally.
- * Nothing above the environment seam touches node:fs.
- */
-export const makeLocalDriver = (spawner: ChildProcessSpawner["Service"]): Driver => {
-  const overrides: FilesImpl = {
-    read: (value, range) =>
-      Effect.gen(function* () {
-        const info = yield* stat(value, true)
-        if (info.type !== "file") return yield* new WrongKind({ path: value, actual: info.type })
-        if (range === undefined) {
-          const bytes = yield* attempt(value, () => fs.readFile(value), true)
-          return { info, bytes }
-        }
-        const bytes = yield* attempt(
-          value,
-          async () => {
-            const handle = await fs.open(value, "r")
-            try {
-              const buffer = new Uint8Array(range.length)
-              const result = await handle.read(buffer, 0, range.length, range.offset)
-              return buffer.subarray(0, result.bytesRead)
-            } finally {
-              await handle.close()
-            }
-          },
-          true,
-        )
-        return { info, bytes }
-      }),
-    stat: (value) => stat(value, false),
-    list: (value) =>
-      Effect.gen(function* () {
-        const info = yield* stat(value, true)
-        if (info.type !== "directory") return yield* new WrongKind({ path: value, actual: info.type })
-        const entries = yield* attempt(value, () => fs.readdir(value, { withFileTypes: true }), true)
-        return entries.map((entry) => ({ name: entry.name, type: fileType(entry) }))
-      }),
-    write: (value, bytes) =>
-      attempt(value, async () => {
-        await fs.mkdir(path.dirname(value), { recursive: true })
-        await fs.writeFile(value, bytes)
-      }),
-    remove: (value) => attempt(value, () => fs.rm(value, { recursive: true, force: true })),
-    move: (from, to) =>
-      Effect.gen(function* () {
-        yield* stat(from, false)
-        const destination = yield* stat(to, false).pipe(
-          Effect.map((info) => (info.type === "directory" ? path.join(to, path.basename(from)) : to)),
-          Effect.catchIf(
-            (error) => error instanceof NotFound,
-            () => Effect.succeed(to),
-          ),
-        )
-        yield* attempt(from, () => fs.rename(from, destination))
-      }),
-    mkdir: (value) => attempt(value, () => fs.mkdir(value, { recursive: true }).then(() => undefined)),
-  }
-
-  return { spawner, overrides }
-}
-
-const stat = (value: string, follow: boolean) =>
-  attempt(value, () => (follow ? fs.stat(value) : fs.lstat(value)), true).pipe(
-    Effect.map((stats): FileInfo => ({ type: fileType(stats), size: stats.size, mtimeMs: stats.mtimeMs })),
-  )
-
-const fileType = (entry: { isFile(): boolean; isDirectory(): boolean; isSymbolicLink(): boolean }): FileType => {
-  if (entry.isFile()) return "file"
-  if (entry.isDirectory()) return "directory"
-  if (entry.isSymbolicLink()) return "symlink"
-  return "other"
-}
-
-function attempt<A>(value: string, run: () => Promise<A>): Effect.Effect<A, Failed>
-function attempt<A>(value: string, run: () => Promise<A>, missing: true): Effect.Effect<A, NotFound | Failed>
-function attempt<A>(value: string, run: () => Promise<A>, missing = false) {
-  return Effect.tryPromise({
-    try: run,
-    catch: (cause) =>
-      missing && isMissing(cause) ? new NotFound({ path: value }) : new Failed({ path: value, cause }),
-  })
-}
-
-const isMissing = (cause: unknown) =>
-  cause !== null &&
-  typeof cause === "object" &&
-  "code" in cause &&
-  (cause.code === "ENOENT" || cause.code === "ENOTDIR")
-
-export * as EnvironmentLocal from "./local"

packages/core/src/environment/memory.ts

@@ -1,168 +0,0 @@
-import path from "node:path"
-import { Effect, PlatformError } from "effect"
-import { make } from "effect/unstable/process/ChildProcessSpawner"
-import type { Driver } from "./driver"
-import { Failed, NotFound, WrongKind, type FileInfo, type FilesImpl, type FileType } from "./files"
-
-type Node =
-  | { readonly type: "file"; readonly bytes: Uint8Array; readonly mtimeMs: number }
-  | { readonly type: "directory"; readonly mtimeMs: number }
-  | { readonly type: "symlink"; readonly target: string; readonly mtimeMs: number }
-
-export interface MemoryDriver extends Driver {
-  readonly symlink: (target: string, path: string) => Effect.Effect<void, Failed>
-}
-
-export const makeMemoryDriver = (): MemoryDriver => {
-  const nodes = new Map<string, Node>([["/", { type: "directory", mtimeMs: Date.now() }]])
-  const key = (value: string) => path.posix.resolve("/", value)
-  const info = (node: Node): FileInfo => ({
-    type: node.type,
-    size:
-      node.type === "file"
-        ? node.bytes.length
-        : node.type === "symlink"
-          ? new TextEncoder().encode(node.target).length
-          : 0,
-    mtimeMs: node.mtimeMs,
-  })
-  const resolveKey = (value: string, followFinal: boolean, seen = new Set<string>()): string | undefined => {
-    const normalized = key(value)
-    const parts = normalized.split("/").filter(Boolean)
-    const base = "/"
-    const walk = (current: string, index: number): string | undefined => {
-      if (index === parts.length) return current
-      const part = parts[index]
-      const candidate = path.posix.join(current, part)
-      const node = nodes.get(candidate)
-      if (node?.type !== "symlink" || (!followFinal && index === parts.length - 1)) return walk(candidate, index + 1)
-      if (seen.has(candidate)) return undefined
-      seen.add(candidate)
-      const target = path.posix.resolve(path.posix.dirname(candidate), node.target)
-      return resolveKey(path.posix.join(target, ...parts.slice(index + 1)), followFinal, seen)
-    }
-    return walk(base, 0)
-  }
-  const lookup = (value: string) => nodes.get(resolveKey(value, false) ?? key(value))
-  const requireParent = (value: string) => {
-    const parentPath = path.posix.dirname(key(value))
-    const parent = nodes.get(resolveKey(parentPath, true) ?? parentPath)
-    if (!parent) throw new Error(`Parent directory does not exist: ${path.posix.dirname(value)}`)
-    if (parent.type !== "directory") throw new Error(`Parent is not a directory: ${path.posix.dirname(value)}`)
-  }
-  const mkdirSync = (value: string) => {
-    const target = resolveKey(value, false) ?? key(value)
-    const existing = nodes.get(target)
-    if (existing?.type === "directory") return
-    if (existing) throw new Error(`Path is not a directory: ${value}`)
-    const parent = path.posix.dirname(target)
-    if (parent !== target) mkdirSync(parent)
-    nodes.set(target, { type: "directory", mtimeMs: Date.now() })
-  }
-  const failed = (value: string, cause: unknown) => new Failed({ path: value, cause })
-  const overrides: FilesImpl = {
-    stat: (value) => {
-      const node = lookup(value)
-      return node ? Effect.succeed(info(node)) : Effect.fail(new NotFound({ path: value }))
-    },
-    read: (value, range) => {
-      const original = lookup(value)
-      if (!original) return Effect.fail(new NotFound({ path: value }))
-      if (original.type === "directory") return Effect.fail(new WrongKind({ path: value, actual: "directory" }))
-      const resolved = resolveKey(value, true)
-      const node = resolved === undefined ? undefined : nodes.get(resolved)
-      if (!node) return Effect.fail(new NotFound({ path: value }))
-      if (node.type !== "file") return Effect.fail(new WrongKind({ path: value, actual: node.type }))
-      const bytes = range === undefined ? node.bytes : node.bytes.subarray(range.offset, range.offset + range.length)
-      return Effect.succeed({ info: info(node), bytes: bytes.slice() })
-    },
-    write: (value, bytes) =>
-      Effect.try({
-        try: () => {
-          mkdirSync(path.posix.dirname(key(value)))
-          const existing = lookup(value)
-          if (existing?.type === "directory") throw new Error(`Path is a directory: ${value}`)
-          const target = existing?.type === "symlink" ? resolveKey(value, true) : resolveKey(value, false)
-          if (!target) throw new Error(`Cannot resolve symlink: ${value}`)
-          requireParent(target)
-          nodes.set(target, { type: "file", bytes: bytes.slice(), mtimeMs: Date.now() })
-        },
-        catch: (cause) => failed(value, cause),
-      }),
-    list: (value) => {
-      const target = resolveKey(value, true) ?? key(value)
-      const node = nodes.get(target)
-      if (!node) return Effect.fail(new NotFound({ path: value }))
-      if (node.type !== "directory") return Effect.fail(new WrongKind({ path: value, actual: node.type }))
-      const entries = [...nodes.entries()]
-        .filter(([entry]) => entry !== target && path.posix.dirname(entry) === target)
-        .map(([entry, child]) => ({ name: path.posix.basename(entry), type: child.type satisfies FileType }))
-        .sort((a, b) => a.name.localeCompare(b.name))
-      return Effect.succeed(entries)
-    },
-    remove: (value) =>
-      Effect.sync(() => {
-        const target = resolveKey(value, false) ?? key(value)
-        for (const entry of nodes.keys()) {
-          if (entry === target || entry.startsWith(`${target}/`)) nodes.delete(entry)
-        }
-      }),
-    move: (from, to) => {
-      const source = resolveKey(from, false) ?? key(from)
-      const node = nodes.get(source)
-      if (!node) return Effect.fail(new NotFound({ path: from }))
-      return Effect.try({
-        try: () => {
-          const requested = resolveKey(to, false) ?? key(to)
-          const destination =
-            nodes.get(requested)?.type === "directory"
-              ? path.posix.join(requested, path.posix.basename(source))
-              : requested
-          if (node.type === "directory" && destination.startsWith(`${source}/`)) {
-            throw new Error(`Cannot move a directory into itself: ${from}`)
-          }
-          const existing = nodes.get(destination)
-          if (node.type === "directory" && existing && existing.type !== "directory") {
-            throw new Error(`Cannot overwrite a non-directory with a directory: ${to}`)
-          }
-          requireParent(destination)
-          const moved = [...nodes.entries()].filter(([entry]) => entry === source || entry.startsWith(`${source}/`))
-          for (const [entry] of moved) nodes.delete(entry)
-          for (const [entry, child] of moved) nodes.set(`${destination}${entry.slice(source.length)}`, child)
-        },
-        catch: (cause) => failed(from, cause),
-      })
-    },
-    mkdir: (value) => Effect.try({ try: () => mkdirSync(value), catch: (cause) => failed(value, cause) }),
-  }
-
-  const spawner = make((command) =>
-    Effect.suspend(() => {
-      const description = command._tag === "StandardCommand" ? command.command : "pipeline"
-      return Effect.fail(
-        PlatformError.systemError({
-          _tag: "Unknown",
-          module: "EnvironmentMemory",
-          method: "spawn",
-          pathOrDescriptor: description,
-          cause: failed(description, new Error("The memory driver cannot spawn processes")),
-        }),
-      )
-    }),
-  )
-
-  return {
-    spawner,
-    overrides,
-    symlink: (target, value) =>
-      Effect.try({
-        try: () => {
-          requireParent(value)
-          nodes.set(resolveKey(value, false) ?? key(value), { type: "symlink", target, mtimeMs: Date.now() })
-        },
-        catch: (cause) => failed(value, cause),
-      }),
-  }
-}
-
-export * as EnvironmentMemory from "./memory"

packages/core/src/file-mutation.ts

@@ -5,8 +5,6 @@ import { Context, Effect, Layer } from "effect"
 import { KeyedMutex } from "./effect/keyed-mutex"
 import { FSUtil } from "@opencode-ai/util/fs-util"
 import { Bom } from "@opencode-ai/util/bom"
-import { Environment } from "./environment"
-import type { Files } from "./environment"
 
 export interface Target {
   readonly absolute: string
@@ -31,36 +29,13 @@ export interface WriteResult {
 }
 
 export interface Interface {
-  /** Serialize a complete read/prepare/write mutation transaction by resolved path. */
-  readonly withLock: (
-    targets: ReadonlyArray<string>,
-  ) => <A, E, R>(effect: Effect.Effect<A, E, R>) => Effect.Effect<A, E, R>
-  readonly write: (input: WriteInput) => Effect.Effect<WriteResult, Environment.Failed>
+  readonly write: (input: WriteInput) => Effect.Effect<WriteResult, FSUtil.Error>
   /** Write text while retaining an existing UTF-8 BOM and emitting at most one BOM. */
-  readonly writeTextPreservingBom: (
-    input: TextWriteInput,
-  ) => Effect.Effect<WriteResult, Environment.WrongKind | Environment.Failed>
+  readonly writeTextPreservingBom: (input: TextWriteInput) => Effect.Effect<WriteResult, FSUtil.Error>
 }
 
 export class Service extends Context.Service<Service, Interface>()("@opencode/FileMutation") {}
 
-export const readText = Effect.fn("FileMutation.readText")(function* (files: Files, target: string) {
-  return Bom.decodeBytes((yield* files.read(target)).bytes)
-})
-
-export const syncTextBom = Effect.fn("FileMutation.syncTextBom")(function* (
-  files: Files,
-  target: string,
-  bom: boolean,
-) {
-  const synced = Bom.syncBytes((yield* files.read(target)).bytes, bom)
-  if (synced.bytes) yield* files.write(target, synced.bytes)
-  return synced.text
-})
-
-/** Share transaction locks across Location graphs that address the same file. */
-const transactionLocks = KeyedMutex.makeUnsafe<string>()
-
 /**
  * Serialize file changes by absolute target. Conditional writes compare and
  * write under the same process-local lock so cooperating OpenCode mutations do
@@ -69,12 +44,8 @@ const transactionLocks = KeyedMutex.makeUnsafe<string>()
 const layer = Layer.effect(
   Service,
   Effect.gen(function* () {
-    const environment = yield* Environment.Service
+    const fs = yield* FSUtil.Service
     const locks = KeyedMutex.makeUnsafe<string>()
-    const withLock: Interface["withLock"] = (targets) => (effect) =>
-      [...new Set(targets.map(FSUtil.resolve))]
-        .sort()
-        .reduceRight((result, target) => transactionLocks.withLock(target)(result), effect)
     const withTargetLock =
       (target: Target) =>
       <A, E, R>(effect: Effect.Effect<A, E, R>) =>
@@ -90,14 +61,8 @@ const layer = Layer.effect(
     const write = Effect.fn("FileMutation.write")((input: WriteInput) =>
       withTargetLock(input.target)(
         Effect.gen(function* () {
-          const existed = yield* environment.files.stat(input.target.absolute).pipe(
-            Effect.as(true),
-            Effect.catchTag("Environment.NotFound", () => Effect.succeed(false)),
-          )
-          yield* environment.files.write(
-            input.target.absolute,
-            typeof input.content === "string" ? new TextEncoder().encode(input.content) : input.content,
-          )
+          const existed = yield* fs.exists(input.target.absolute)
+          yield* fs.writeWithDirs(input.target.absolute, input.content)
           return writeResult(input.target, existed)
         }),
       ),
@@ -107,24 +72,23 @@ const layer = Layer.effect(
       withTargetLock(input.target)(
         Effect.gen(function* () {
           const next = Bom.split(input.content)
-          const current = yield* environment.files.read(input.target.absolute, { offset: 0, length: 3 }).pipe(
-            Effect.map((result) => result.bytes),
-            Effect.catchTag("Environment.NotFound", () => Effect.succeed(undefined)),
-          )
-          yield* environment.files.write(
+          const current = yield* fs
+            .readFile(input.target.absolute)
+            .pipe(Effect.catchReason("PlatformError", "NotFound", () => Effect.succeed(undefined)))
+          yield* fs.writeWithDirs(
             input.target.absolute,
-            new TextEncoder().encode(Bom.join(next.text, Boolean(current && Bom.has(current)) || next.bom)),
+            Bom.join(next.text, Boolean(current && Bom.has(current)) || next.bom),
           )
           return writeResult(input.target, current !== undefined)
         }),
       ),
     )
 
-    return Service.of({ withLock, write, writeTextPreservingBom })
+    return Service.of({ write, writeTextPreservingBom })
   }),
 )
 
-export const node = makeLocationNode({ service: Service, layer, deps: [Environment.node] })
+export const node = makeLocationNode({ service: Service, layer, deps: [FSUtil.node] })
 
 /**
  * Deferred until the corresponding integrations exist.

packages/core/src/filesystem/location-watcher.ts

@@ -11,6 +11,15 @@ import { FSUtil } from "@opencode-ai/util/fs-util"
 import { Git } from "../git"
 import { Location } from "../location"
 import { Watcher } from "./watcher"
+import { Ignore } from "./ignore"
+import { Protected } from "./protected"
+
+function protecteds(dir: string) {
+  return Protected.paths().filter((item) => {
+    const relative = path.relative(dir, item)
+    return relative !== "" && !relative.startsWith("..") && !path.isAbsolute(relative)
+  })
+}
 
 export interface Interface {}
 
@@ -35,6 +44,19 @@ const layer = Layer.effect(
       const config = (yield* configService.entries())
         .filter((entry): entry is Document => entry.type === "document")
         .flatMap((item) => item.info.watcher?.ignore ?? [])
+      const home = Protected.isHome(location.directory)
+
+      if (!home && location.vcs) {
+        const updates = yield* watcher.subscribe({
+          path: location.directory,
+          type: "directory",
+          ignore: [...Ignore.PATTERNS, ...config, ...protecteds(location.directory)],
+        })
+        yield* updates.pipe(Stream.runForEach(publish), Effect.forkScoped)
+      }
+      if (home) {
+        yield* Effect.logInfo("location watcher skipped home directory", { directory: location.directory })
+      }
 
       if (location.vcs?.type === "git") {
         const resolved = (yield* git.repo.discover(location.directory))?.gitDirectory
@@ -42,7 +64,10 @@ const layer = Layer.effect(
           ? yield* fs.realPath(resolved).pipe(Effect.catch(() => Effect.succeed(resolved)))
           : undefined
         if (vcs && !config.includes(".git") && !config.includes(vcs) && (!resolved || !config.includes(resolved))) {
-          const updates = yield* watcher.subscribe({ path: path.join(vcs, "HEAD"), type: "file" })
+          const ignore = (yield* fs.readDirectoryEntries(vcs).pipe(Effect.catch(() => Effect.succeed([])))).flatMap(
+            (entry) => (entry.name === "HEAD" ? [] : [entry.name]),
+          )
+          const updates = yield* watcher.subscribe({ path: vcs, type: "directory", ignore })
           yield* updates.pipe(Stream.runForEach(publish), Effect.forkScoped)
         }
       }

packages/core/src/location-services.ts

@@ -8,7 +8,6 @@ import { LayerNode } from "@opencode-ai/util/effect/layer-node"
 import { Node } from "@opencode-ai/util/effect/app-node"
 import { Bus } from "./bus"
 import { FileMutation } from "./file-mutation"
-import { Environment } from "./environment"
 import { Formatter } from "./formatter"
 import { FileSystem } from "./filesystem"
 import { FileSystemSearch } from "./filesystem/search"
@@ -54,7 +53,6 @@ export { LocationServiceMap } from "./location-service-map"
 
 const locationServiceNodes = [
   Location.node,
-  Environment.node,
   Config.node,
   Agent.node,
   Command.node,

packages/core/src/plugin/internal.ts

@@ -16,7 +16,6 @@ import { ConfigReferencePlugin } from "../config/plugin/reference"
 import { ConfigSkillPlugin } from "../config/plugin/skill"
 import { ConfigWebSearchPlugin } from "../config/plugin/websearch"
 import { Bus } from "../bus"
-import { Environment } from "../environment"
 import { FileMutation } from "../file-mutation"
 import { Formatter } from "../formatter"
 import { Form } from "../form"
@@ -71,7 +70,6 @@ const services = Effect.fn("PluginInternal.services")(function* () {
   const config = yield* Config.Service
   const credential = yield* Credential.Service
   const bus = yield* Bus.Service
-  const environment = yield* Environment.Service
   const mutation = yield* FileMutation.Service
   const formatter = yield* Formatter.Service
   const filesystem = yield* FileSystem.Service
@@ -104,7 +102,6 @@ const services = Effect.fn("PluginInternal.services")(function* () {
     Context.make(Config.Service, config),
     Context.make(Credential.Service, credential),
     Context.make(Bus.Service, bus),
-    Context.make(Environment.Service, environment),
     Context.make(FileMutation.Service, mutation),
     Context.make(Formatter.Service, formatter),
     Context.make(FileSystem.Service, filesystem),

packages/core/src/plugin/supervisor.ts

@@ -14,7 +14,6 @@ import { Credential } from "../credential"
 import { makeLocationNode } from "@opencode-ai/util/effect/app-node"
 import { httpClient } from "@opencode-ai/util/effect/app-node-platform"
 import { Bus } from "../bus"
-import { Environment } from "../environment"
 import { FileMutation } from "../file-mutation"
 import { Formatter } from "../formatter"
 import { FileSystem } from "../filesystem"
@@ -283,9 +282,7 @@ const layer = Layer.effect(
     })
     const updates = Stream.merge(
       config.changes().pipe(
-        Stream.filterEffect((update) =>
-          Effect.map(config.entries(), (entries) => isPluginSource(entries, update.path)),
-        ),
+        Stream.filterEffect((update) => Effect.map(config.entries(), (entries) => isPluginSource(entries, update.path))),
         Stream.merge(Stream.fromPubSub(configuredChanges)),
       ),
       bus.subscribe([Event.Updated, SdkPlugins.Updated]),
@@ -323,7 +320,6 @@ export const node = makeLocationNode({
     Config.node,
     Credential.node,
     Bus.node,
-    Environment.node,
     FileMutation.node,
     Formatter.node,
     FileSystem.node,

packages/core/src/plugin/websearch/firecrawl.ts

@@ -1,84 +0,0 @@
-export * as WebSearchFirecrawl from "./firecrawl"
-
-import { define } from "@opencode-ai/plugin/effect/plugin"
-import { Effect, Option, Schema, Scope } from "effect"
-import { HttpClient } from "effect/unstable/http"
-import { App } from "../../app"
-import { WebSearchMcp } from "./mcp"
-
-export const endpoint = "https://mcp.firecrawl.dev/v2/mcp"
-
-const McpInput = Schema.Struct({
-  query: Schema.String,
-  limit: Schema.Number.pipe(Schema.optional),
-})
-
-const McpOutput = Schema.Struct({
-  content: Schema.Array(Schema.Struct({ type: Schema.Literal("text"), text: Schema.String })),
-})
-
-const SearchResponse = Schema.fromJsonString(
-  Schema.Struct({
-    success: Schema.Boolean,
-    data: Schema.Struct({
-      web: Schema.Array(
-        Schema.Struct({
-          url: Schema.String,
-          title: Schema.NullOr(Schema.String).pipe(Schema.optional),
-          description: Schema.NullOr(Schema.String).pipe(Schema.optional),
-        }),
-      ),
-    }),
-  }),
-)
-const decodeSearchResponse = Schema.decodeUnknownOption(SearchResponse)
-
-export const Plugin = define<HttpClient.HttpClient | Scope.Scope>({
-  id: "opencode.websearch.firecrawl",
-  effect: Effect.fn("WebSearchFirecrawl.Plugin")(function* (ctx) {
-    const http = yield* HttpClient.HttpClient
-    yield* ctx.integration.transform((draft) => {
-      draft.update("firecrawl", (integration) => (integration.name = "Firecrawl"))
-      draft.method.update({
-        integrationID: "firecrawl",
-        method: { type: "key", label: "API key (optional)" },
-      })
-      draft.method.update({
-        integrationID: "firecrawl",
-        method: { type: "env", names: ["FIRECRAWL_API_KEY"] },
-      })
-    })
-    yield* ctx.websearch.transform((draft) => {
-      draft.add({
-        id: "firecrawl",
-        name: "Firecrawl",
-        execute: (input) =>
-          Effect.gen(function* () {
-            const connection = yield* ctx.integration.connection.active("firecrawl")
-            const credential = connection ? yield* ctx.integration.connection.resolve(connection) : undefined
-            const result = yield* WebSearchMcp.call(
-              http,
-              endpoint,
-              "firecrawl_search",
-              { input: McpInput, output: McpOutput },
-              { query: input.query, limit: 8 },
-              {
-                "User-Agent": App.useragent(ctx.app),
-                ...(credential?.type === "key" ? { Authorization: `Bearer ${credential.key}` } : {}),
-              },
-            )
-            const content = result?.content.find((item) => item.text)
-            const response = content ? Option.getOrUndefined(decodeSearchResponse(content.text)) : undefined
-            return (
-              response?.data.web.map((item) => ({
-                url: item.url,
-                ...(item.title ? { title: item.title } : {}),
-                ...(item.description ? { content: item.description } : {}),
-                time: {},
-              })) ?? []
-            )
-          }),
-      })
-    })
-  }),
-})

packages/core/src/plugin/websearch/index.ts

@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 import { WebSearchExa } from "./exa"
-import { WebSearchFirecrawl } from "./firecrawl"
 import { WebSearchParallel } from "./parallel"
 
-export const WebSearchPlugins = [WebSearchExa.Plugin, WebSearchFirecrawl.Plugin, WebSearchParallel.Plugin] as const
+export const WebSearchPlugins = [WebSearchExa.Plugin, WebSearchParallel.Plugin] as const

packages/core/src/ripgrep.ts

@@ -3,9 +3,8 @@ export * as Ripgrep from "./ripgrep"
 import { Context, Effect, Fiber, Layer, Schema, Stream } from "effect"
 import { ChildProcess } from "effect/unstable/process"
 import { Entry, Match } from "@opencode-ai/schema/filesystem"
-import { makeLocationNode } from "@opencode-ai/util/effect/app-node"
-import { collectStream, waitForAbort } from "@opencode-ai/util/process"
-import { Environment } from "./environment"
+import { makeGlobalNode } from "@opencode-ai/util/effect/app-node"
+import { AppProcess, collectStream, waitForAbort } from "@opencode-ai/util/process"
 import { NonNegativeInt, PositiveInt, RelativePath } from "./schema"
 import { RipgrepBinary } from "./ripgrep/binary"
 
@@ -94,7 +93,7 @@ const isInvalidPattern = (stderr: string) =>
 const layer = Layer.effect(
   Service,
   Effect.gen(function* () {
-    const environment = yield* Environment.Service
+    const process = yield* AppProcess.Service
     const binary = yield* RipgrepBinary.Service
 
     const run = <A>(input: {
@@ -108,8 +107,7 @@ const layer = Layer.effect(
     }) => {
       const program = Effect.scoped(
         Effect.gen(function* () {
-          // Hosted environments will resolve rg through their driver image; the spawner is the execution seam.
-          const handle = yield* environment.spawner.spawn(
+          const handle = yield* process.spawn(
             ChildProcess.make(yield* binary.filepath, input.args, { cwd: input.cwd, extendEnv: true, stdin: "ignore" }),
           )
           const stderrFiber = yield* collectStream(handle.stderr, ERROR_BYTES).pipe(
@@ -277,4 +275,4 @@ const layer = Layer.effect(
   }),
 )
 
-export const node = makeLocationNode({ service: Service, layer, deps: [Environment.node, RipgrepBinary.node] })
+export const node = makeGlobalNode({ service: Service, layer: layer, deps: [RipgrepBinary.node, AppProcess.node] })

packages/core/src/session.ts

@@ -133,14 +133,6 @@ export class CompactionConflictError extends Schema.TaggedErrorClass<CompactionC
 export class BusyError extends Schema.TaggedErrorClass<BusyError>()("Session.BusyError", {
   sessionID: SessionSchema.ID,
 }) {}
-export class PendingInputConflictError extends Schema.TaggedErrorClass<PendingInputConflictError>()(
-  "Session.PendingInputConflictError",
-  {
-    sessionID: SessionSchema.ID,
-    inputID: SessionMessage.ID,
-  },
-) {}
-type PendingInputRef = { readonly sessionID: SessionSchema.ID; readonly inputID: SessionMessage.ID }
 export class SkillNotFoundError extends Schema.TaggedErrorClass<SkillNotFoundError>()("Session.SkillNotFoundError", {
   skill: Skill.ID,
 }) {}
@@ -189,9 +181,6 @@ export interface Interface {
    * unhandled compaction barriers.
    */
   readonly pending: (sessionID: SessionSchema.ID) => Effect.Effect<SessionPending.Info[], NotFoundError>
-  readonly cancelPending: (input: PendingInputRef) => Effect.Effect<void, NotFoundError | PendingInputConflictError>
-  readonly steerPending: (input: PendingInputRef) => Effect.Effect<void, NotFoundError | PendingInputConflictError>
-  readonly queuePending: (input: PendingInputRef) => Effect.Effect<void, NotFoundError | PendingInputConflictError>
   /**
    * Durable, ordered session log read. Replays durable session bus after
    * the exclusive `after` cursor, emits a `Synced` marker at the captured
@@ -329,31 +318,6 @@ const layer = Layer.effect(
         ),
       )
 
-    const pendingConflict = Effect.fn("Session.pendingConflict")(function* (input: PendingInputRef) {
-      yield* result.get(input.sessionID)
-      return yield* new PendingInputConflictError(input)
-    })
-    const mutatePending = (
-      input: PendingInputRef,
-      mutation: (
-        bus: Bus.Interface,
-        input: { readonly id: SessionMessage.ID; readonly sessionID: SessionSchema.ID },
-      ) => Effect.Effect<unknown>,
-      wake = false,
-    ) =>
-      Effect.uninterruptible(
-        Effect.gen(function* () {
-          yield* mutation(bus, { sessionID: input.sessionID, id: input.inputID }).pipe(
-            Effect.catchDefect((defect) =>
-              defect instanceof SessionPending.LifecycleConflict
-                ? pendingConflict(input)
-                : Effect.die(defect),
-            ),
-          )
-          if (wake) yield* execution.wake(input.sessionID)
-        }),
-      )
-
     const result = Service.of({
       create: Effect.fn("Session.create")(function* (input) {
         const sessionID = input.id ?? SessionSchema.ID.create()
@@ -543,9 +507,6 @@ const layer = Layer.effect(
         yield* result.get(sessionID)
         return yield* SessionPending.list(db, sessionID)
       }),
-      cancelPending: Effect.fn("Session.cancelPending")((input) => mutatePending(input, SessionPending.cancel)),
-      steerPending: Effect.fn("Session.steerPending")((input) => mutatePending(input, SessionPending.steer, true)),
-      queuePending: Effect.fn("Session.queuePending")((input) => mutatePending(input, SessionPending.queue)),
       log: (input) =>
         Stream.unwrap(
           result

packages/core/src/session/execution/restart.ts

@@ -2,14 +2,9 @@ export * as SessionRestart from "./restart"
 
 import { Context, Effect, Layer } from "effect"
 import { makeGlobalNode } from "@opencode-ai/util/effect/app-node"
-import { Bus } from "../../bus"
-import { SessionEvent } from "../event"
 import { SessionExecution } from "../execution"
 import { SessionStore } from "../store"
 
-const CONTINUE_AFTER_SERVER_RESTART =
-  "The server restarted while you were working. Continue from where you left off without repeating completed work."
-
 export interface Interface {
   /**
    * Marks every execution active in this process for resumption by the next server start.
@@ -31,7 +26,6 @@ export const layer = Layer.effect(
   Effect.gen(function* () {
     const store = yield* SessionStore.Service
     const execution = yield* SessionExecution.Service
-    const bus = yield* Bus.Service
     return Service.of({
       suspendActiveSessions: Effect.gen(function* () {
         yield* store.suspend(yield* execution.active)
@@ -43,11 +37,6 @@ export const layer = Layer.effect(
           (sessionID) =>
             Effect.gen(function* () {
               if (!(yield* store.consumeSuspended(sessionID))) return
-              yield* bus.publish(SessionEvent.Synthetic, {
-                sessionID,
-                text: CONTINUE_AFTER_SERVER_RESTART,
-                description: "Continuing after restart",
-              })
               // Drain failures are already logged and durably recorded by the execution layer.
               yield* Effect.ignore(execution.resume(sessionID))
             }),
@@ -58,8 +47,4 @@ export const layer = Layer.effect(
   }),
 )
 
-export const node = makeGlobalNode({
-  service: Service,
-  layer,
-  deps: [SessionStore.node, SessionExecution.node, Bus.node],
-})
+export const node = makeGlobalNode({ service: Service, layer, deps: [SessionStore.node, SessionExecution.node] })

packages/core/src/session/message-updater.ts

@@ -90,9 +90,6 @@ export function update(adapter: Adapter, event: SessionEvent.DurableEvent) {
       "session.forked": () => Effect.void,
       "session.input.promoted": () => Effect.void,
       "session.input.admitted": () => Effect.void,
-      "session.input.cancelled": () => Effect.void,
-      "session.input.steered": () => Effect.void,
-      "session.input.queued": () => Effect.void,
       "session.execution.started": () => Effect.void,
       "session.execution.succeeded": () => clearCurrentRetry,
       "session.execution.failed": () => clearCurrentRetry,

packages/core/src/session/pending.ts

@@ -37,7 +37,6 @@ const decodeSynthetic = Schema.decodeUnknownSync(SyntheticData)
 const encodeSynthetic = Schema.encodeSync(SyntheticData)
 const decodeMessage = Schema.decodeUnknownSync(SessionMessage.Info)
 const inboxLocks = KeyedMutex.makeUnsafe<SessionSchema.ID>()
-type PendingRef = { readonly id: SessionMessage.ID; readonly sessionID: SessionSchema.ID }
 
 export class LifecycleConflict extends Schema.TaggedErrorClass<LifecycleConflict>()(
   "SessionPending.LifecycleConflict",
@@ -295,7 +294,10 @@ export const projectCompactionAdmitted = Effect.fn("SessionPending.projectCompac
  */
 export const projectPromoted = Effect.fn("SessionPending.projectPromoted")(function* (
   db: DatabaseService,
-  input: PendingRef,
+  input: {
+    readonly id: SessionMessage.ID
+    readonly sessionID: SessionSchema.ID
+  },
 ) {
   if (yield* compaction(db, input.sessionID)) return yield* Effect.die(new LifecycleConflict({ id: input.id }))
   const deleted = yield* db
@@ -310,55 +312,6 @@ export const projectPromoted = Effect.fn("SessionPending.projectPromoted")(funct
   return stored
 })
 
-export const projectCancelled = Effect.fn("SessionPending.projectCancelled")(function* (
-  db: DatabaseService,
-  input: PendingRef,
-) {
-  const deleted = yield* db
-    .delete(SessionPendingTable)
-    .where(
-      and(
-        eq(SessionPendingTable.id, input.id),
-        eq(SessionPendingTable.session_id, input.sessionID),
-        or(eq(SessionPendingTable.delivery, "queue"), eq(SessionPendingTable.delivery, "steer")),
-      ),
-    )
-    .returning({ id: SessionPendingTable.id })
-    .get()
-    .pipe(Effect.orDie)
-  if (!deleted) return yield* Effect.die(new LifecycleConflict({ id: input.id }))
-})
-
-const projectDelivery = Effect.fn("SessionPending.projectDelivery")(function* (
-  db: DatabaseService,
-  input: PendingRef & { readonly from: Delivery; readonly to: Delivery },
-) {
-  const updated = yield* db
-    .update(SessionPendingTable)
-    .set({ delivery: input.to })
-    .where(
-      and(
-        eq(SessionPendingTable.id, input.id),
-        eq(SessionPendingTable.session_id, input.sessionID),
-        eq(SessionPendingTable.delivery, input.from),
-      ),
-    )
-    .returning({ id: SessionPendingTable.id })
-    .get()
-    .pipe(Effect.orDie)
-  if (!updated) return yield* Effect.die(new LifecycleConflict({ id: input.id }))
-})
-
-export const projectSteered = Effect.fn("SessionPending.projectSteered")(
-  (db: DatabaseService, input: PendingRef) =>
-    projectDelivery(db, { ...input, from: "queue", to: "steer" }),
-)
-
-export const projectQueued = Effect.fn("SessionPending.projectQueued")(
-  (db: DatabaseService, input: PendingRef) =>
-    projectDelivery(db, { ...input, from: "steer", to: "queue" }),
-)
-
 export const settleCompaction = Effect.fn("SessionPending.settleCompaction")(function* (
   db: DatabaseService,
   input: { readonly sessionID: SessionSchema.ID },
@@ -436,39 +389,6 @@ export const equivalent = (
   return false
 }
 
-const publishMutation = <A, E, R>(input: PendingRef, effect: Effect.Effect<A, E, R>) =>
-  inboxLocks.withLock(input.sessionID)(effect).pipe(Effect.asVoid)
-
-export const cancel = Effect.fn("SessionPending.cancel")((bus: Bus.Interface, input: PendingRef) =>
-  publishMutation(
-    input,
-    bus.publish(SessionEvent.InputCancelled, {
-      sessionID: input.sessionID,
-      inputID: input.id,
-    }),
-  ),
-)
-
-export const steer = Effect.fn("SessionPending.steer")((bus: Bus.Interface, input: PendingRef) =>
-  publishMutation(
-    input,
-    bus.publish(SessionEvent.InputSteered, {
-      sessionID: input.sessionID,
-      inputID: input.id,
-    }),
-  ),
-)
-
-export const queue = Effect.fn("SessionPending.queue")((bus: Bus.Interface, input: PendingRef) =>
-  publishMutation(
-    input,
-    bus.publish(SessionEvent.InputQueued, {
-      sessionID: input.sessionID,
-      inputID: input.id,
-    }),
-  ),
-)
-
 const publish = Effect.fn("SessionPending.publish")(function* (
   db: DatabaseService,
   bus: Bus.Interface,

packages/core/src/session/projector.ts

@@ -485,24 +485,6 @@ const layer = Layer.effectDiscard(
           .pipe(Effect.orDie)
       }),
     )
-    yield* bus.project(SessionEvent.InputCancelled, (event) =>
-      SessionPending.projectCancelled(db, {
-        id: event.data.inputID,
-        sessionID: event.data.sessionID,
-      }),
-    )
-    yield* bus.project(SessionEvent.InputSteered, (event) =>
-      SessionPending.projectSteered(db, {
-        id: event.data.inputID,
-        sessionID: event.data.sessionID,
-      }),
-    )
-    yield* bus.project(SessionEvent.InputQueued, (event) =>
-      SessionPending.projectQueued(db, {
-        id: event.data.inputID,
-        sessionID: event.data.sessionID,
-      }),
-    )
     yield* bus.project(SessionEvent.Compaction.Admitted, (event) =>
       Effect.gen(function* () {
         if (event.durable === undefined)

packages/core/src/session/runner/publish-llm-event.ts

@@ -116,11 +116,7 @@ export const createLLMEventPublisher = (bus: Pick<Bus.Interface, "publish">, inp
   })
   const currentAssistantMessageID = () =>
     stepStarted ? Effect.succeed(assistantMessageID) : Effect.die(new Error("Tool event before assistant step start"))
-  const providerState = (metadata: ProviderMetadata | undefined, itemId?: string) => {
-    const state = metadata?.[input.providerMetadataKey]
-    if (itemId === undefined) return state
-    return { ...(typeof state === "object" && state !== null && !Array.isArray(state) ? state : {}), itemId }
-  }
+  const providerState = (metadata: ProviderMetadata | undefined) => metadata?.[input.providerMetadataKey]
   const fragments = (
     name: string,
     ended: (id: string, value: string, ordinal: number, state?: Record<string, unknown>) => Effect.Effect<void>,
@@ -344,7 +340,7 @@ export const createLLMEventPublisher = (bus: Pick<Bus.Interface, "publish">, inp
         return
       case "text-start":
         outputStarted = true
-        const startedTextOrdinal = yield* text.start(event.id, providerState(event.providerMetadata, event.itemId))
+        const startedTextOrdinal = yield* text.start(event.id, providerState(event.providerMetadata))
         yield* bus.publish(SessionEvent.Text.Started, {
           sessionID: input.sessionID,
           assistantMessageID: yield* startAssistant(),
@@ -352,11 +348,7 @@ export const createLLMEventPublisher = (bus: Pick<Bus.Interface, "publish">, inp
         })
         return
       case "text-delta":
-        const deltaTextOrdinal = yield* text.append(
-          event.id,
-          event.text,
-          providerState(event.providerMetadata, event.itemId),
-        )
+        const deltaTextOrdinal = yield* text.append(event.id, event.text, providerState(event.providerMetadata))
         yield* bus.publish(SessionEvent.Text.Delta, {
           sessionID: input.sessionID,
           assistantMessageID: yield* currentAssistantMessageID(),
@@ -365,26 +357,23 @@ export const createLLMEventPublisher = (bus: Pick<Bus.Interface, "publish">, inp
         })
         return
       case "text-end":
-        yield* text.end(event.id, providerState(event.providerMetadata, event.itemId))
+        yield* text.end(event.id, providerState(event.providerMetadata))
         return
       case "reasoning-start":
         outputStarted = true
-        const startedReasoningOrdinal = yield* reasoning.start(
-          event.id,
-          providerState(event.providerMetadata, event.itemId),
-        )
+        const startedReasoningOrdinal = yield* reasoning.start(event.id, providerState(event.providerMetadata))
         yield* bus.publish(SessionEvent.Reasoning.Started, {
           sessionID: input.sessionID,
           assistantMessageID: yield* startAssistant(),
           ordinal: startedReasoningOrdinal,
-          state: providerState(event.providerMetadata, event.itemId),
+          state: providerState(event.providerMetadata),
         })
         return
       case "reasoning-delta":
         const deltaReasoningOrdinal = yield* reasoning.append(
           event.id,
           event.text,
-          providerState(event.providerMetadata, event.itemId),
+          providerState(event.providerMetadata),
         )
         yield* bus.publish(SessionEvent.Reasoning.Delta, {
           sessionID: input.sessionID,
@@ -394,7 +383,7 @@ export const createLLMEventPublisher = (bus: Pick<Bus.Interface, "publish">, inp
         })
         return
       case "reasoning-end":
-        yield* reasoning.end(event.id, providerState(event.providerMetadata, event.itemId))
+        yield* reasoning.end(event.id, providerState(event.providerMetadata))
         return
       case "tool-input-start":
         outputStarted = true
@@ -438,7 +427,7 @@ export const createLLMEventPublisher = (bus: Pick<Bus.Interface, "publish">, inp
           id: event.id,
           input: asRecord(event.input),
           executed: tool.providerExecuted,
-          state: providerState(event.providerMetadata, event.itemId),
+          state: providerState(event.providerMetadata),
         })
         return
       }
@@ -456,7 +445,7 @@ export const createLLMEventPublisher = (bus: Pick<Bus.Interface, "publish">, inp
         }
         tool.settled = true
         const executed = event.providerExecuted === true || tool.providerExecuted
-        const resultState = providerState(event.providerMetadata, event.itemId)
+        const resultState = providerState(event.providerMetadata)
         if (event.result.type === "error") {
           yield* bus.publish(SessionEvent.Tool.Failed, {
             sessionID: input.sessionID,
@@ -496,7 +485,7 @@ export const createLLMEventPublisher = (bus: Pick<Bus.Interface, "publish">, inp
               : { type: "tool.execution", message: event.message },
           ...failureSnapshot(tool),
           executed: tool.providerExecuted,
-          resultState: providerState(event.providerMetadata, event.itemId),
+          resultState: providerState(event.providerMetadata),
         })
         return
       }
@@ -521,7 +510,8 @@ export const createLLMEventPublisher = (bus: Pick<Bus.Interface, "publish">, inp
 
   const progress = Effect.fnUntraced(function* (id: string, update: Tool.Metadata) {
     const tool = tools.get(id)
-    if (!tool?.called || tool.settled) return yield* Effect.die(new Error(`Tool progress outside running call: ${id}`))
+    if (!tool?.called || tool.settled)
+      return yield* Effect.die(new Error(`Tool progress outside running call: ${id}`))
     tool.progress = update
     yield* bus.publish(SessionEvent.Tool.Progress, {
       sessionID: input.sessionID,
@@ -532,7 +522,11 @@ export const createLLMEventPublisher = (bus: Pick<Bus.Interface, "publish">, inp
   })
 
   /** Publishes one canonical terminal event for a locally executed tool call. */
-  const toolExecution = Effect.fnUntraced(function* (id: string, name: string, result: Tool.Result) {
+  const toolExecution = Effect.fnUntraced(function* (
+    id: string,
+    name: string,
+    result: Tool.Result,
+  ) {
     const tool = tools.get(id)
     if (!tool?.called) return yield* Effect.die(new Error(`Tool execution before call: ${id}`))
     if (tool.name !== name)

packages/core/src/session/runner/to-llm-message.ts

@@ -1,10 +1,4 @@
-import {
-  Message,
-  ToolCallPart,
-  ToolResultPart,
-  type ContentPart,
-  type ProviderMetadata,
-} from "@opencode-ai/ai"
+import { Message, ToolCallPart, ToolResultPart, type ContentPart, type ProviderMetadata } from "@opencode-ai/ai"
 import { Option, Schema } from "effect"
 import type { Model } from "../../model"
 import { SessionMessage } from "../message"
@@ -72,46 +66,27 @@ const providerMetadata = (
   state: Record<string, unknown> | undefined,
 ): ProviderMetadata | undefined => (state === undefined ? undefined : { [provider]: state })
 
-const responseItemID = (state: Record<string, unknown> | undefined) =>
-  typeof state?.itemId === "string" ? state.itemId : undefined
-
-const portableProviderState = (state: Record<string, unknown> | undefined) => {
-  if (state === undefined || !("itemId" in state)) return state
-  const { itemId: _itemId, ...portable } = state
-  return portable
-}
-
 const toolInput = (tool: SessionMessage.AssistantTool) =>
   tool.state.status === "streaming"
     ? Option.getOrElse(decodeToolInput(tool.state.input), () => tool.state.input)
     : tool.state.input
 
-const toolCall = (
-  tool: SessionMessage.AssistantTool,
-  itemId: string | undefined,
-  providerMetadata: ProviderMetadata | undefined,
-): ContentPart =>
+const toolCall = (tool: SessionMessage.AssistantTool, providerMetadata: ProviderMetadata | undefined): ContentPart =>
   ToolCallPart.make({
     id: tool.id,
-    ...(itemId === undefined ? {} : { itemId }),
     name: tool.name,
     input: toolInput(tool),
     providerExecuted: tool.executed,
     providerMetadata,
   })
 
-const toolResult = (
-  tool: SessionMessage.AssistantTool,
-  itemId: string | undefined,
-  providerMetadata: ProviderMetadata | undefined,
-) => {
+const toolResult = (tool: SessionMessage.AssistantTool, providerMetadata: ProviderMetadata | undefined) => {
   if (tool.state.status === "completed") {
     // TODO: Materialize remote and managed URIs before provider-history lowering.
     const content = tool.state.content
     const single = content.length === 1 ? content[0] : undefined
     return ToolResultPart.make({
       id: tool.id,
-      ...(itemId === undefined ? {} : { itemId }),
       name: tool.name,
       result:
         single?.type === "text"
@@ -124,7 +99,6 @@ const toolResult = (
   if (tool.state.status === "error") {
     return ToolResultPart.make({
       id: tool.id,
-      ...(itemId === undefined ? {} : { itemId }),
       name: tool.name,
       result: { error: tool.state.error, content: tool.state.content ?? [] },
       resultType: "error",
@@ -144,13 +118,7 @@ const assistant = (message: SessionMessage.Assistant, model: Model.Ref, provider
         {
           type: "text",
           text: item.text,
-          itemId: reuseProviderMetadata ? responseItemID(item.state) : undefined,
-          providerMetadata: sameProvider
-            ? providerMetadata(
-                providerMetadataKey,
-                reuseProviderMetadata ? item.state : portableProviderState(item.state),
-              )
-            : undefined,
+          providerMetadata: sameProvider ? providerMetadata(providerMetadataKey, item.state) : undefined,
         },
       ]
     if (item.type === "reasoning")
@@ -159,7 +127,6 @@ const assistant = (message: SessionMessage.Assistant, model: Model.Ref, provider
             {
               type: "reasoning",
               text: item.text,
-              itemId: responseItemID(item.state),
               providerMetadata: providerMetadata(providerMetadataKey, item.state),
             },
           ]
@@ -171,7 +138,6 @@ const assistant = (message: SessionMessage.Assistant, model: Model.Ref, provider
       (sameModel && item.executed === true && (item.state.status === "completed" || item.state.status === "error"))
     const call = toolCall(
       item,
-      reuseToolProviderMetadata ? responseItemID(item.providerState) : undefined,
       reuseToolProviderMetadata ? providerMetadata(providerMetadataKey, item.providerState) : undefined,
     )
     if (item.executed !== true) return [call]
@@ -179,11 +145,6 @@ const assistant = (message: SessionMessage.Assistant, model: Model.Ref, provider
     // replay must survive a model switch within the same provider.
     const result = toolResult(
       item,
-      reuseToolProviderMetadata
-        ? responseItemID(item.providerResultState ?? (item.executed === true ? item.providerState : undefined))
-        : sameProvider && item.executed === true
-          ? responseItemID(item.providerResultState)
-          : undefined,
       reuseToolProviderMetadata
         ? providerMetadata(providerMetadataKey, item.providerResultState ?? item.providerState)
         : sameProvider && item.executed === true && item.providerResultState !== undefined
@@ -202,8 +163,9 @@ const assistant = (message: SessionMessage.Assistant, model: Model.Ref, provider
     .map((item) =>
       toolResult(
         item,
-        responseItemID(item.providerResultState) ?? `fco_${item.id}`,
-        reuseProviderMetadata ? providerMetadata(providerMetadataKey, item.providerResultState) : undefined,
+        reuseProviderMetadata
+          ? providerMetadata(providerMetadataKey, item.providerResultState ?? item.providerState)
+          : undefined,
       ),
     )
     .filter((message) => message !== undefined)
@@ -242,7 +204,7 @@ function toLLMMessage(message: SessionMessage.Info, model: Model.Ref, providerMe
     case "skill":
       return [Message.make({ id: message.id, role: "user", content: message.text, metadata: message.metadata })]
     case "system":
-      return [Message.make({ id: message.id, role: "system", content: message.text })]
+      return [Message.system(message.text)]
     case "shell":
       return [
         Message.make({

packages/core/src/shell.ts

@@ -6,9 +6,9 @@ import { ChildProcess } from "effect/unstable/process"
 import { produce } from "immer"
 import { Shell } from "@opencode-ai/schema/shell"
 import { makeLocationNode } from "@opencode-ai/util/effect/app-node"
+import { AppProcess } from "@opencode-ai/util/process"
 import { Config } from "./config"
 import { Bus } from "./bus"
-import { Environment } from "./environment"
 import { Location } from "./location"
 import { Global } from "@opencode-ai/util/global"
 import { ShellSelect } from "./shell/select"
@@ -65,284 +65,285 @@ export interface Interface {
 
 export class Service extends Context.Service<Service, Interface>()("@opencode/Shell") {}
 
-export const layer = (options?: ShellSelect.Options) =>
-  Layer.effect(
-    Service,
-    Effect.gen(function* () {
-      const bus = yield* Bus.Service
-      const location = yield* Location.Service
-      const config = yield* Config.Service
-      const global = yield* Global.Service
-      const environment = yield* Environment.Service
-      const hooks = yield* PluginHooks.Service
-      const context = yield* Effect.context()
-      const runFork = Effect.runForkWith(context)
-      const sessions = new Map<string, Active>()
-      const exitOrder: string[] = []
+export const layer = (options?: ShellSelect.Options) => Layer.effect(
+  Service,
+  Effect.gen(function* () {
+    const bus = yield* Bus.Service
+    const location = yield* Location.Service
+    const config = yield* Config.Service
+    const global = yield* Global.Service
+    const appProcess = yield* AppProcess.Service
+    const hooks = yield* PluginHooks.Service
+    const context = yield* Effect.context()
+    const runFork = Effect.runForkWith(context)
+    const sessions = new Map<string, Active>()
+    const exitOrder: string[] = []
 
-      const outputDir = path.join(global.data, "shell", location.project.id)
-      const { mkdir, unlink } = yield* Effect.promise(() => import("fs/promises"))
-      const { createWriteStream, createReadStream } = yield* Effect.promise(() => import("fs"))
-      yield* Effect.promise(() => mkdir(outputDir, { recursive: true }))
+    const outputDir = path.join(global.data, "shell", location.project.id)
+    const { mkdir, unlink } = yield* Effect.promise(() => import("fs/promises"))
+    const { createWriteStream, createReadStream } = yield* Effect.promise(() => import("fs"))
+    yield* Effect.promise(() => mkdir(outputDir, { recursive: true }))
 
-      yield* Effect.addFinalizer(() =>
-        Effect.gen(function* () {
-          for (const session of sessions.values()) {
-            if (session.timeoutFiber) yield* Fiber.interrupt(session.timeoutFiber)
-            // Unblock waiters still pending at teardown; succeed is a no-op once already resolved.
-            yield* Deferred.fail(session.done, new NotFoundError({ id: Shell.ID.make(session.info.id) }))
-          }
-          sessions.clear()
-          exitOrder.length = 0
-        }),
+    yield* Effect.addFinalizer(() =>
+      Effect.gen(function* () {
+        for (const session of sessions.values()) {
+          if (session.timeoutFiber) yield* Fiber.interrupt(session.timeoutFiber)
+          // Unblock waiters still pending at teardown; succeed is a no-op once already resolved.
+          yield* Deferred.fail(session.done, new NotFoundError({ id: Shell.ID.make(session.info.id) }))
+        }
+        sessions.clear()
+        exitOrder.length = 0
+      }),
+    )
+
+    const require = Effect.fn("Shell.require")(function* (id: Shell.ID) {
+      const session = sessions.get(id)
+      if (!session) return yield* new NotFoundError({ id })
+      return session
+    })
+
+    const removeSession = Effect.fnUntraced(function* (id: Shell.ID) {
+      const session = sessions.get(id)
+      if (!session) return
+      sessions.delete(id)
+      const index = exitOrder.indexOf(id)
+      if (index !== -1) exitOrder.splice(index, 1)
+      if (session.timeoutFiber) yield* Fiber.interrupt(session.timeoutFiber)
+      // Unblock any wait still pending when the command is removed before it terminated.
+      yield* Deferred.fail(session.done, new NotFoundError({ id }))
+      yield* Effect.promise(() => unlink(session.file).catch(() => {}))
+      yield* bus.publish(Shell.Event.Deleted, { id })
+    })
+
+    const remove = Effect.fn("Shell.remove")(function* (id: Shell.ID) {
+      yield* require(id)
+      yield* removeSession(id)
+    })
+
+    const list = Effect.fn("Shell.list")(function* () {
+      return Array.from(sessions.values())
+        .filter((session) => session.info.status === "running")
+        .map((session) => session.info)
+    })
+
+    const get = Effect.fn("Shell.get")(function* (id: Shell.ID) {
+      return (yield* require(id)).info
+    })
+
+    const wait = Effect.fn("Shell.wait")(function* (id: Shell.ID) {
+      return yield* Deferred.await((yield* require(id)).done)
+    })
+
+    const timeout = Effect.fn("Shell.timeout")(function* (id: Shell.ID, duration: number) {
+      const session = yield* require(id)
+      if (session.info.status !== "running" || !session.timeout) return session.info
+      yield* session.timeout(duration)
+      return session.info
+    })
+
+    const resolve = () =>
+      config
+        .entries()
+        .pipe(Effect.map((entries) => ShellSelect.preferred(Config.latest(entries, "shell"), options)))
+
+    const name = () => resolve().pipe(Effect.map(ShellSelect.name))
+
+    const output = Effect.fn("Shell.output")(function* (id: Shell.ID, input?: Shell.OutputInput) {
+      const session = yield* require(id)
+      const cursor = input?.cursor ?? 0
+      const limit = input?.limit ?? 65536
+      if (cursor >= session.size) return { output: "", cursor: session.size, size: session.size, truncated: false }
+      const start = Math.max(0, cursor)
+      const length = Math.min(limit, session.size - start)
+      const buffer = Buffer.alloc(length)
+      const bytesRead = yield* Effect.promise(
+        () =>
+          new Promise<number>((resolve) => {
+            const stream = createReadStream(session.file, { start, end: start + length - 1 })
+            let offset = 0
+            stream.on("data", (chunk: string | Buffer) => {
+              const bytes = Buffer.from(chunk)
+              bytes.copy(buffer, offset)
+              offset += bytes.length
+            })
+            stream.on("end", () => resolve(offset))
+            stream.on("error", () => resolve(0))
+          }),
+      )
+      return {
+        output: buffer.subarray(0, bytesRead).toString("utf8"),
+        cursor: start + bytesRead,
+        size: session.size,
+        truncated: false,
+      }
+    })
+
+    const create = Effect.fn("Shell.create")(function* <E = never, R = never>(
+      input: Shell.CreateInput,
+      before?: (input: ShellCreateBefore) => Effect.Effect<void, E, R>,
+    ) {
+      const invocation: ShellCreateBefore = {
+        command: input.command,
+        cwd: input.cwd ?? location.directory,
+        timeout: input.timeout,
+        shell: yield* resolve(),
+        env: {
+          ...process.env,
+          TERM: "xterm-256color",
+          OPENCODE_TERMINAL: "1",
+        },
+      }
+      yield* hooks.trigger("shell", "create.before", invocation)
+      if (before) yield* before(invocation)
+
+      const id = Shell.ID.ascending()
+      const args = ShellSelect.args(invocation.shell, invocation.command)
+      const file = path.join(outputDir, `${id}.out`)
+
+      const info: Info = {
+        id,
+        status: "running",
+        command: invocation.command,
+        cwd: invocation.cwd,
+        shell: invocation.shell,
+        file,
+        metadata: input.metadata ?? {},
+        time: { started: Date.now() },
+      }
+
+      // Spawn via AppProcess and stream combined output to the file. The handle is scope-bound, so
+      // the managing fiber keeps its scope open until the command terminates (it awaits `done` at the
+      // end). `create` returns once `ready` resolves with the registered session.
+      const ready = Deferred.makeUnsafe<Active>()
+      runFork(
+        Effect.scoped(
+          Effect.gen(function* () {
+            const handle = yield* appProcess.spawn(
+              ChildProcess.make(invocation.shell, args, {
+                cwd: invocation.cwd,
+                env: invocation.env,
+                stdin: "ignore",
+                detached: process.platform !== "win32",
+                forceKillAfter: Duration.seconds(3),
+              }),
+            )
+            const session: Active = {
+              info: produce(info, (draft) => {
+                draft.pid = handle.pid
+              }),
+              file,
+              size: 0,
+              done: Deferred.makeUnsafe<Info, NotFoundError>(),
+            }
+            sessions.set(id, session)
+
+            const stream = createWriteStream(file)
+            const outputDone = Deferred.makeUnsafe<void>()
+            const pump = handle.all.pipe(
+              Stream.runForEach((chunk: Uint8Array) =>
+                Effect.sync(() => {
+                  stream.write(chunk)
+                  session.size += chunk.length
+                }),
+              ),
+            )
+            runFork(
+              Effect.gen(function* () {
+                yield* pump.pipe(Effect.catch(() => Effect.void))
+                yield* Effect.promise(
+                  () =>
+                    new Promise<void>((resolve) => {
+                      stream.end(() => resolve())
+                    }),
+                )
+                yield* Deferred.succeed(outputDone, undefined)
+              }).pipe(Effect.catch(() => Deferred.succeed(outputDone, undefined))),
+            )
+            yield* Effect.promise(
+              () =>
+                new Promise<void>((resolve) => {
+                  stream.once("open", () => resolve())
+                  stream.once("error", () => resolve())
+                }),
+            )
+
+            const finish = (status: Info["status"], exit?: number, beforeWait = Effect.void) =>
+              Effect.gen(function* () {
+                if (session.info.status !== "running") return
+                session.info = produce(session.info, (draft) => {
+                  draft.status = status
+                  if (exit !== undefined) draft.exit = exit
+                  draft.time.completed = Date.now()
+                })
+                yield* beforeWait
+                yield* Deferred.await(outputDone)
+                // Resolve waiters with the terminal Info before any retention eviction, so an evicted
+                // session still reports success rather than the removal NotFoundError. This runs before
+                // the timeout-fiber interrupt below, which on the timeout path would otherwise cancel
+                // this very fiber (finish is invoked by the timeout fiber) before waiters are resolved.
+                yield* Deferred.succeed(session.done, session.info)
+                yield* bus.publish(Shell.Event.Exited, {
+                  id,
+                  ...(exit !== undefined ? { exit } : {}),
+                  status,
+                })
+                exitOrder.push(id)
+                while (exitOrder.length > EXITED_LIMIT) {
+                  const oldest = exitOrder[0]
+                  if (!oldest) break
+                  yield* removeSession(Shell.ID.make(oldest))
+                }
+                // Cancel a pending timeout once the command exits on its own. Interrupting last avoids
+                // aborting finish when finish itself runs on the timeout fiber.
+                if (session.timeoutFiber) yield* Fiber.interrupt(session.timeoutFiber)
+              })
+
+            session.timeout = (duration) =>
+              Effect.gen(function* () {
+                if (session.timeoutFiber) yield* Fiber.interrupt(session.timeoutFiber)
+                session.timeoutFiber = undefined
+                if (duration === 0 || session.info.status !== "running") return
+                session.timeoutFiber = runFork(
+                  Effect.sleep(Duration.millis(duration)).pipe(
+                    Effect.flatMap(() =>
+                      finish("timeout", undefined, handle.kill().pipe(Effect.catch(() => Effect.void))),
+                    ),
+                    Effect.catch(() => Effect.void),
+                  ),
+                )
+              })
+
+            yield* session.timeout(invocation.timeout)
+
+            runFork(
+              handle.exitCode.pipe(
+                Effect.flatMap((code) => finish("exited", code)),
+                Effect.catch(() => Effect.void),
+              ),
+            )
+
+            yield* bus.publish(Shell.Event.Created, { info })
+            yield* Deferred.succeed(ready, session)
+            // Hold the handle's scope open until the command terminates; closing it earlier would
+            // release (kill) the process before its exit is observed.
+            yield* Deferred.await(session.done).pipe(Effect.catch(() => Effect.void))
+          }),
+        ).pipe(Effect.catch(() => Effect.void)),
       )
 
-      const require = Effect.fn("Shell.require")(function* (id: Shell.ID) {
-        const session = sessions.get(id)
-        if (!session) return yield* new NotFoundError({ id })
-        return session
-      })
+      const session = yield* Deferred.await(ready)
+      return session.info
+    })
 
-      const removeSession = Effect.fnUntraced(function* (id: Shell.ID) {
-        const session = sessions.get(id)
-        if (!session) return
-        sessions.delete(id)
-        const index = exitOrder.indexOf(id)
-        if (index !== -1) exitOrder.splice(index, 1)
-        if (session.timeoutFiber) yield* Fiber.interrupt(session.timeoutFiber)
-        // Unblock any wait still pending when the command is removed before it terminated.
-        yield* Deferred.fail(session.done, new NotFoundError({ id }))
-        yield* Effect.promise(() => unlink(session.file).catch(() => {}))
-        yield* bus.publish(Shell.Event.Deleted, { id })
-      })
-
-      const remove = Effect.fn("Shell.remove")(function* (id: Shell.ID) {
-        yield* require(id)
-        yield* removeSession(id)
-      })
-
-      const list = Effect.fn("Shell.list")(function* () {
-        return Array.from(sessions.values())
-          .filter((session) => session.info.status === "running")
-          .map((session) => session.info)
-      })
-
-      const get = Effect.fn("Shell.get")(function* (id: Shell.ID) {
-        return (yield* require(id)).info
-      })
-
-      const wait = Effect.fn("Shell.wait")(function* (id: Shell.ID) {
-        return yield* Deferred.await((yield* require(id)).done)
-      })
-
-      const timeout = Effect.fn("Shell.timeout")(function* (id: Shell.ID, duration: number) {
-        const session = yield* require(id)
-        if (session.info.status !== "running" || !session.timeout) return session.info
-        yield* session.timeout(duration)
-        return session.info
-      })
-
-      const resolve = () =>
-        config.entries().pipe(Effect.map((entries) => ShellSelect.preferred(Config.latest(entries, "shell"), options)))
-
-      const name = () => resolve().pipe(Effect.map(ShellSelect.name))
-
-      const output = Effect.fn("Shell.output")(function* (id: Shell.ID, input?: Shell.OutputInput) {
-        const session = yield* require(id)
-        const cursor = input?.cursor ?? 0
-        const limit = input?.limit ?? 65536
-        if (cursor >= session.size) return { output: "", cursor: session.size, size: session.size, truncated: false }
-        const start = Math.max(0, cursor)
-        const length = Math.min(limit, session.size - start)
-        const buffer = Buffer.alloc(length)
-        const bytesRead = yield* Effect.promise(
-          () =>
-            new Promise<number>((resolve) => {
-              const stream = createReadStream(session.file, { start, end: start + length - 1 })
-              let offset = 0
-              stream.on("data", (chunk: string | Buffer) => {
-                const bytes = Buffer.from(chunk)
-                bytes.copy(buffer, offset)
-                offset += bytes.length
-              })
-              stream.on("end", () => resolve(offset))
-              stream.on("error", () => resolve(0))
-            }),
-        )
-        return {
-          output: buffer.subarray(0, bytesRead).toString("utf8"),
-          cursor: start + bytesRead,
-          size: session.size,
-          truncated: false,
-        }
-      })
-
-      const create = Effect.fn("Shell.create")(function* <E = never, R = never>(
-        input: Shell.CreateInput,
-        before?: (input: ShellCreateBefore) => Effect.Effect<void, E, R>,
-      ) {
-        const invocation: ShellCreateBefore = {
-          command: input.command,
-          cwd: input.cwd ?? location.directory,
-          timeout: input.timeout,
-          shell: yield* resolve(),
-          env: {
-            ...process.env,
-            TERM: "xterm-256color",
-            OPENCODE_TERMINAL: "1",
-          },
-        }
-        yield* hooks.trigger("shell", "create.before", invocation)
-        if (before) yield* before(invocation)
-
-        const id = Shell.ID.ascending()
-        const args = ShellSelect.args(invocation.shell, invocation.command)
-        const file = path.join(outputDir, `${id}.out`)
-
-        const info: Info = {
-          id,
-          status: "running",
-          command: invocation.command,
-          cwd: invocation.cwd,
-          shell: invocation.shell,
-          file,
-          metadata: input.metadata ?? {},
-          time: { started: Date.now() },
-        }
-
-        // Spawn through the Environment and stream combined output to the file. The handle is scope-bound, so
-        // the managing fiber keeps its scope open until the command terminates (it awaits `done` at the
-        // end). `create` returns once `ready` resolves with the registered session.
-        const ready = Deferred.makeUnsafe<Active>()
-        runFork(
-          Effect.scoped(
-            Effect.gen(function* () {
-              const handle = yield* environment.spawner.spawn(
-                ChildProcess.make(invocation.shell, args, {
-                  cwd: invocation.cwd,
-                  env: invocation.env,
-                  stdin: "ignore",
-                  detached: process.platform !== "win32",
-                  forceKillAfter: Duration.seconds(3),
-                }),
-              )
-              const session: Active = {
-                info: produce(info, (draft) => {
-                  draft.pid = handle.pid
-                }),
-                file,
-                size: 0,
-                done: Deferred.makeUnsafe<Info, NotFoundError>(),
-              }
-              sessions.set(id, session)
-
-              const stream = createWriteStream(file)
-              const outputDone = Deferred.makeUnsafe<void>()
-              const pump = handle.all.pipe(
-                Stream.runForEach((chunk: Uint8Array) =>
-                  Effect.sync(() => {
-                    stream.write(chunk)
-                    session.size += chunk.length
-                  }),
-                ),
-              )
-              runFork(
-                Effect.gen(function* () {
-                  yield* pump.pipe(Effect.catch(() => Effect.void))
-                  yield* Effect.promise(
-                    () =>
-                      new Promise<void>((resolve) => {
-                        stream.end(() => resolve())
-                      }),
-                  )
-                  yield* Deferred.succeed(outputDone, undefined)
-                }).pipe(Effect.catch(() => Deferred.succeed(outputDone, undefined))),
-              )
-              yield* Effect.promise(
-                () =>
-                  new Promise<void>((resolve) => {
-                    stream.once("open", () => resolve())
-                    stream.once("error", () => resolve())
-                  }),
-              )
-
-              const finish = (status: Info["status"], exit?: number, beforeWait = Effect.void) =>
-                Effect.gen(function* () {
-                  if (session.info.status !== "running") return
-                  session.info = produce(session.info, (draft) => {
-                    draft.status = status
-                    if (exit !== undefined) draft.exit = exit
-                    draft.time.completed = Date.now()
-                  })
-                  yield* beforeWait
-                  yield* Deferred.await(outputDone)
-                  // Resolve waiters with the terminal Info before any retention eviction, so an evicted
-                  // session still reports success rather than the removal NotFoundError. This runs before
-                  // the timeout-fiber interrupt below, which on the timeout path would otherwise cancel
-                  // this very fiber (finish is invoked by the timeout fiber) before waiters are resolved.
-                  yield* Deferred.succeed(session.done, session.info)
-                  yield* bus.publish(Shell.Event.Exited, {
-                    id,
-                    ...(exit !== undefined ? { exit } : {}),
-                    status,
-                  })
-                  exitOrder.push(id)
-                  while (exitOrder.length > EXITED_LIMIT) {
-                    const oldest = exitOrder[0]
-                    if (!oldest) break
-                    yield* removeSession(Shell.ID.make(oldest))
-                  }
-                  // Cancel a pending timeout once the command exits on its own. Interrupting last avoids
-                  // aborting finish when finish itself runs on the timeout fiber.
-                  if (session.timeoutFiber) yield* Fiber.interrupt(session.timeoutFiber)
-                })
-
-              session.timeout = (duration) =>
-                Effect.gen(function* () {
-                  if (session.timeoutFiber) yield* Fiber.interrupt(session.timeoutFiber)
-                  session.timeoutFiber = undefined
-                  if (duration === 0 || session.info.status !== "running") return
-                  session.timeoutFiber = runFork(
-                    Effect.sleep(Duration.millis(duration)).pipe(
-                      Effect.flatMap(() =>
-                        finish("timeout", undefined, handle.kill().pipe(Effect.catch(() => Effect.void))),
-                      ),
-                      Effect.catch(() => Effect.void),
-                    ),
-                  )
-                })
-
-              yield* session.timeout(invocation.timeout)
-
-              runFork(
-                handle.exitCode.pipe(
-                  Effect.flatMap((code) => finish("exited", code)),
-                  Effect.catch(() => Effect.void),
-                ),
-              )
-
-              yield* bus.publish(Shell.Event.Created, { info })
-              yield* Deferred.succeed(ready, session)
-              // Hold the handle's scope open until the command terminates; closing it earlier would
-              // release (kill) the process before its exit is observed.
-              yield* Deferred.await(session.done).pipe(Effect.catch(() => Effect.void))
-            }),
-          ).pipe(Effect.catch(() => Effect.void)),
-        )
-
-        const session = yield* Deferred.await(ready)
-        return session.info
-      })
-
-      return Service.of({ name, create, list, get, wait, timeout, output, remove })
-    }),
-  )
+    return Service.of({ name, create, list, get, wait, timeout, output, remove })
+  }),
+)
 
 export function configured(options?: ShellSelect.Options) {
   return makeLocationNode({
     service: Service,
     layer: layer(options),
-    deps: [Bus.node, Location.node, Config.node, Global.node, Environment.node, PluginHooks.node],
+    deps: [Bus.node, Location.node, Config.node, Global.node, AppProcess.node, PluginHooks.node],
   })
 }
 

packages/core/src/skill.ts

@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@ export * as Skill from "./skill"
 
 import { makeLocationNode } from "@opencode-ai/util/effect/app-node"
 import path from "path"
-import { Context, Effect, FiberMap, Layer, PubSub, Schema, Semaphore, Stream, Types } from "effect"
+import { Context, Effect, Layer, Schema, Stream, Types } from "effect"
+import { FileSystem } from "@opencode-ai/schema/filesystem"
 import { Skill } from "@opencode-ai/schema/skill"
 import { Agent } from "./agent"
 import { ConfigMarkdown } from "./config/markdown"
@@ -12,7 +13,6 @@ import { Permission } from "./permission"
 import { AbsolutePath } from "./schema"
 import { SkillDiscovery } from "./skill/discovery"
 import { State } from "./state"
-import { Watcher } from "./filesystem/watcher"
 
 export const DirectorySource = Skill.DirectorySource
 export type DirectorySource = Skill.DirectorySource
@@ -81,82 +81,6 @@ const layer = Layer.effect(
     const discovery = yield* SkillDiscovery.Service
     const fs = yield* FSUtil.Service
     const bus = yield* Bus.Service
-    const watcher = yield* Watcher.Service
-    const cache = new Map<string, { skills: Info[]; paths: readonly string[] }>()
-    const watches = yield* FiberMap.make<string>()
-    const lock = Semaphore.makeUnsafe(1)
-    const changes = yield* PubSub.unbounded<string>()
-
-    const invalidate = Effect.fn("Skill.invalidateFromWatcher")(function* (file: string) {
-      const changed = yield* lock.withPermit(
-        Effect.gen(function* () {
-          const invalidated = Array.from(cache.entries()).filter(([, loaded]) =>
-            loaded.paths.some((item) => FSUtil.overlaps(item, file)),
-          )
-          if (invalidated.length === 0) return false
-          cache.clear()
-          yield* FiberMap.clear(watches)
-          yield* Effect.logInfo("skill cache invalidated", {
-            file,
-            sources: invalidated.map(([key]) => key),
-            skills: invalidated.flatMap(([, loaded]) => loaded.skills.map((skill) => skill.id)),
-          })
-          return true
-        }),
-      )
-      if (!changed) return
-      yield* bus.publish(Skill.Event.Updated, {}).pipe(Effect.asVoid)
-    })
-
-    yield* Stream.fromPubSub(changes).pipe(Stream.runForEach(invalidate), Effect.forkScoped({ startImmediately: true }))
-
-    const watch = Effect.fn("Skill.watch")(function* (directory: string, type: Watcher.WatchInput["type"]) {
-      const target = path.resolve(directory)
-      const updates = yield* watcher.subscribe(
-        type === "file" ? { path: target, type: "file" } : { path: target, type: "directory" },
-      )
-      yield* FiberMap.run(
-        watches,
-        `${type}:${target}`,
-        updates.pipe(Stream.runForEach((update) => PubSub.publish(changes, update.path).pipe(Effect.asVoid))),
-        {
-          onlyIfMissing: true,
-          startImmediately: true,
-        },
-      )
-    })
-
-    function firstMissing(target: string): Effect.Effect<string | undefined> {
-      const parent = path.dirname(target)
-      if (parent === target) return Effect.succeed(undefined)
-      return fs.isDir(parent).pipe(Effect.flatMap((exists) => (exists ? Effect.succeed(target) : firstMissing(parent))))
-    }
-
-    const watchDirectory: (directory: string) => Effect.Effect<string[]> = Effect.fn("Skill.watchDirectory")(function* (
-      directory: string,
-    ) {
-      const target = path.resolve(directory)
-      const resolved = yield* fs.realPath(directory).pipe(Effect.catch(() => Effect.succeed(undefined)))
-      if (resolved) {
-        yield* watch(resolved, "directory")
-        if (resolved !== target) {
-          yield* watch(target, "file")
-        }
-        return resolved === target ? [target] : [target, resolved]
-      }
-      const missing = yield* firstMissing(target)
-      if (missing) yield* watch(missing, "file")
-      if (
-        yield* fs.realPath(directory).pipe(
-          Effect.as(true),
-          Effect.catch(() => Effect.succeed(false)),
-        )
-      ) {
-        if (missing) yield* FiberMap.remove(watches, `file:${path.resolve(missing)}`)
-        return yield* watchDirectory(directory)
-      }
-      return [target]
-    })
 
     const state = State.create<Data, Draft>({
       name: "skill",
@@ -168,10 +92,7 @@ const layer = Layer.effect(
         },
         list: () => draft.sources as Source[],
       }),
-      finalize: () =>
-        lock
-          .withPermit(FiberMap.clear(watches).pipe(Effect.andThen(Effect.sync(() => cache.clear())), Effect.asVoid))
-          .pipe(Effect.andThen(bus.publish(Skill.Event.Updated, {})), Effect.asVoid),
+      finalize: () => bus.publish(Skill.Event.Updated, {}).pipe(Effect.asVoid),
     })
 
     const load = Effect.fn("Skill.load")(function* (source: Source) {
@@ -183,22 +104,14 @@ const layer = Layer.effect(
           directories: [],
           skills: [source.skill.id],
         })
-        return { skills: [source.skill], paths: [] }
+        return { skills: [source.skill], directories: [] }
       }
       const directories = source.type === "directory" ? [source.path] : yield* discovery.pull(source.url)
-      const roots = (yield* Effect.forEach(directories, watchDirectory)).flat()
-      const paths = [...roots]
       for (const directory of directories) {
         const files = yield* fs
           .scan("{*.md,**/SKILL.md}", { cwd: directory, absolute: true, include: "file", symlink: true, dot: true })
           .pipe(Effect.catch(() => Effect.succeed([] as string[])))
         for (const filepath of files.toSorted()) {
-          const resolved = yield* fs.realPath(filepath).pipe(Effect.catch(() => Effect.succeed(filepath)))
-          if (!roots.some((root) => FSUtil.contains(root, resolved))) {
-            const external = path.dirname(resolved)
-            paths.push(external)
-            yield* watch(external, "directory")
-          }
           const content = yield* fs.readFileStringSafe(filepath).pipe(Effect.catch(() => Effect.succeed(undefined)))
           if (!content) continue
           const markdown = ConfigMarkdown.parseOption(content)
@@ -226,22 +139,38 @@ const layer = Layer.effect(
         directories,
         skills: skills.map((skill) => skill.id),
       })
-      return { skills, paths }
+      return { skills, directories }
     })
 
-    const list = Effect.fn("Skill.list")(function* () {
-      return yield* lock.withPermit(
-        Effect.gen(function* () {
-          const skills = new Map<ID, Info>()
-          for (const source of state.get().sources) {
-            const key = Source.key(source)
-            const loaded = cache.get(key) ?? (yield* load(source))
-            cache.set(key, loaded)
-            for (const skill of loaded.skills) skills.set(skill.id, skill)
-          }
-          return Array.from(skills.values())
-        }),
+    const cache = new Map<string, { skills: Info[]; directories: readonly string[] }>()
+    const invalidate = Effect.fn("Skill.invalidateFromWatcher")(function* (file: string) {
+      const invalidated = Array.from(cache.entries()).filter(([, loaded]) =>
+        loaded.directories.some((directory) => FSUtil.contains(directory, file)),
       )
+      if (invalidated.length === 0) return
+      for (const [key] of invalidated) cache.delete(key)
+      yield* Effect.logInfo("skill cache invalidated", {
+        file,
+        sources: invalidated.map(([key]) => key),
+        skills: invalidated.flatMap(([, loaded]) => loaded.skills.map((skill) => skill.id)),
+      })
+      yield* bus.publish(Skill.Event.Updated, {}).pipe(Effect.asVoid)
+    })
+
+    yield* bus.subscribe(FileSystem.Event.Changed).pipe(
+      Stream.runForEach((event) => invalidate(event.data.file)),
+      Effect.forkScoped({ startImmediately: true }),
+    )
+
+    const list = Effect.fn("Skill.list")(function* () {
+      const skills = new Map<ID, Info>()
+      for (const source of state.get().sources) {
+        const key = Source.key(source)
+        const loaded = cache.get(key) ?? (yield* load(source))
+        cache.set(key, loaded)
+        for (const skill of loaded.skills) skills.set(skill.id, skill)
+      }
+      return Array.from(skills.values())
     })
 
     return Service.of({
@@ -258,5 +187,5 @@ const layer = Layer.effect(
 export const node = makeLocationNode({
   service: Service,
   layer,
-  deps: [SkillDiscovery.node, FSUtil.node, Bus.node, Watcher.node],
+  deps: [SkillDiscovery.node, FSUtil.node, Bus.node],
 })

packages/core/src/tool.ts

@@ -118,12 +118,13 @@ const layer = Layer.effect(
         yield* hooks.trigger("tool", "execute.after", afterEvent)
         return yield* afterEvent.error
       }
+      const content = yield* normalizeImages(execution.value.content)
       const afterEvent: PluginHooks.Domains["tool"]["execute.after"] = {
         ...base,
         status: "completed",
         result: {
           ...(execution.value.output === undefined ? {} : { output: execution.value.output }),
-          content: execution.value.content,
+          content: content.length > 0 ? content : execution.value.content,
           ...(execution.value.metadata === undefined ? {} : { metadata: execution.value.metadata }),
         },
       }

packages/core/src/tool/plugin/edit.ts

@@ -11,11 +11,9 @@ import { ToolFailure } from "@opencode-ai/ai"
 import { FileDiff } from "@opencode-ai/schema/file-diff"
 import { Bom } from "@opencode-ai/util/bom"
 import { Effect, Schema } from "effect"
-import path from "path"
-import { Environment } from "../../environment"
 import { FileMutation } from "../../file-mutation"
 import { Formatter } from "../../formatter"
-import { Location } from "../../location"
+import { FSUtil } from "@opencode-ai/util/fs-util"
 import { LocationMutation } from "../../location-mutation"
 import { Permission } from "../../permission"
 import { fileDiff } from "./file-diff"
@@ -111,10 +109,9 @@ export const Plugin = {
   id: "opencode.tool.edit",
   effect: Effect.fn("EditTool.Plugin")(function* (ctx: PluginContext) {
     const mutation = yield* LocationMutation.Service
-    const fileMutation = yield* FileMutation.Service
-    const environment = yield* Environment.Service
+    const files = yield* FileMutation.Service
     const formatter = yield* Formatter.Service
-    const location = yield* Location.Service
+    const fs = yield* FSUtil.Service
     const permission = yield* Permission.Service
 
     yield* ctx.tool
@@ -155,16 +152,17 @@ export const Plugin = {
                 })
               }
 
-              const original = yield* FileMutation.readText(environment.files, target.absolute).pipe(
-                Effect.catchTag("Environment.NotFound", () =>
-                  Effect.fail(new ToolFailure({ message: `File not found: ${input.path}` })),
-                ),
-                Effect.catchTag("Environment.WrongKind", (error) =>
-                  error.actual === "directory"
-                    ? Effect.fail(new ToolFailure({ message: `Path is a directory, not a file: ${input.path}` }))
-                    : Effect.fail(new ToolFailure({ message: `Unable to edit ${input.path}`, error })),
-                ),
-              )
+              const info = yield* fs
+                .stat(target.absolute)
+                .pipe(
+                  Effect.catchReason("PlatformError", "NotFound", () =>
+                    Effect.fail(new ToolFailure({ message: `File not found: ${input.path}` })),
+                  ),
+                )
+              if (info.type === "Directory") {
+                return yield* new ToolFailure({ message: `Path is a directory, not a file: ${input.path}` })
+              }
+              const original = yield* Bom.readFile(fs, target.absolute)
               const source = original.text
               const ending = source.includes(crlf) ? crlf : "\n"
               const oldString = input.oldString.replaceAll(crlf, "\n").replaceAll("\n", ending)
@@ -206,20 +204,19 @@ export const Plugin = {
                 })
               }
               const replacementBom = replaced.startsWith("\uFEFF")
-              const result = yield* fileMutation.write({
+              const result = yield* files.write({
                 target,
                 content: Bom.join(replaced, original.bom || replacementBom),
               })
               const bom = original.bom || replacementBom
               const formatted = (yield* formatter.file(target.absolute))
-                ? yield* FileMutation.syncTextBom(environment.files, target.absolute, bom)
-                : (yield* FileMutation.readText(environment.files, target.absolute)).text
+                ? yield* Bom.syncFile(fs, target.absolute, bom)
+                : (yield* Bom.readFile(fs, target.absolute)).text
               return {
                 files: [fileDiff(result.resource, source, formatted)],
                 replacements,
               } satisfies Output
             }).pipe(
-              fileMutation.withLock([path.resolve(location.directory, input.path)]),
               Effect.map((output) => ({
                 output,
                 content: `Edited ${output.files[0]?.file} (${output.replacements} replacement${output.replacements === 1 ? "" : "s"})`,

packages/core/src/tool/plugin/glob.ts

@@ -4,8 +4,8 @@ import { ToolFailure } from "@opencode-ai/ai"
 import type { Context as PluginContext } from "@opencode-ai/plugin/effect/plugin"
 import { Effect, Schema } from "effect"
 import path from "path"
-import { Environment } from "../../environment"
 import { FileSystem } from "../../filesystem"
+import { FSUtil } from "@opencode-ai/util/fs-util"
 import { Location } from "../../location"
 import { LocationMutation } from "../../location-mutation"
 import { Ripgrep } from "../../ripgrep"
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ export const toModelContent = (entries: EncodedOutput, truncated = false) => {
 export const Plugin = {
   id: "opencode.tool.glob",
   effect: Effect.fn("GlobTool.Plugin")(function* (ctx: PluginContext) {
-    const environment = yield* Environment.Service
+    const fs = yield* FSUtil.Service
     const ripgrep = yield* Ripgrep.Service
     const location = yield* Location.Service
     const mutation = yield* LocationMutation.Service
@@ -82,20 +82,22 @@ export const Plugin = {
                 agent: context.agent,
                 source,
               })
-              const type = yield* Environment.typeFollowing(environment.files, target.absolute).pipe(
-                Effect.catchTag("Environment.NotFound", () =>
-                  Effect.fail(new ToolFailure({ message: `Search path does not exist: ${searchPath ?? "."}` })),
-                ),
-              )
-              if (type !== "directory")
+              const info = yield* fs
+                .stat(target.absolute)
+                .pipe(
+                  Effect.catchReason("PlatformError", "NotFound", () =>
+                    Effect.fail(new ToolFailure({ message: `Search path does not exist: ${searchPath ?? "."}` })),
+                  ),
+                )
+              if (info.type !== "Directory")
                 return yield* Effect.fail(
                   new ToolFailure({ message: `Search path is not a directory: ${searchPath ?? "."}` }),
                 )
-              const root = target.absolute
+              const root = path.resolve(location.directory, searchPath ?? ".")
               const limit = input.limit ?? FileSystem.DEFAULT_SEARCH_LIMIT
               const entries = yield* ripgrep
                 .glob({
-                  cwd: root,
+                  cwd: target.absolute,
                   pattern: input.pattern,
                   limit: limit + 1,
                 })

packages/core/src/tool/plugin/grep.ts

@@ -4,8 +4,8 @@ import type { Context as PluginContext } from "@opencode-ai/plugin/effect/plugin
 import { ToolFailure } from "@opencode-ai/ai"
 import { Effect, Schema } from "effect"
 import path from "path"
-import { Environment } from "../../environment"
 import { FileSystem } from "../../filesystem"
+import { FSUtil } from "@opencode-ai/util/fs-util"
 import { Location } from "../../location"
 import { LocationMutation } from "../../location-mutation"
 import { Permission } from "../../permission"
@@ -15,11 +15,11 @@ import { RelativePath } from "../../schema"
 export const name = "grep"
 
 export const Input = Schema.Struct({
-  pattern: FileSystem.GrepInput.fields.pattern
-    .check(Schema.isMinLength(1, { message: "Pattern must not be empty" }))
-    .annotate({
-      description: "Regular expression to search for in file contents (ripgrep syntax)",
-    }),
+  pattern: FileSystem.GrepInput.fields.pattern.check(
+    Schema.isMinLength(1, { message: "Pattern must not be empty" }),
+  ).annotate({
+    description: "Regular expression to search for in file contents (ripgrep syntax)",
+  }),
   path: Schema.optionalKey(RelativePath).annotate({
     description: "File or directory to search. Defaults to the current working directory.",
   }),
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ export const toModelContent = (matches: EncodedOutput, truncated = false) => {
 export const Plugin = {
   id: "opencode.tool.grep",
   effect: Effect.fn("GrepTool.Plugin")(function* (ctx: PluginContext) {
-    const environment = yield* Environment.Service
+    const fs = yield* FSUtil.Service
     const ripgrep = yield* Ripgrep.Service
     const location = yield* Location.Service
     const mutation = yield* LocationMutation.Service
@@ -66,100 +66,104 @@ export const Plugin = {
 
     yield* ctx.tool
       .transform((draft) =>
-        draft.add({
-          name,
-          options: { codemode: false },
-          description:
-            "Search file contents using regular expressions. Use it to locate specific code, symbols, or text patterns, and narrow searches with `path` or `include`. Returns matching file paths, line numbers, and line previews.",
-          input: Input,
-          output: Output,
-          execute: (input, context) =>
-            Effect.gen(function* () {
-              const source = { type: "tool" as const, messageID: context.messageID, id: context.id }
-              const target = yield* mutation.resolve({ path: input.path ?? "." })
-              if (target.externalDirectory)
+        draft.add(
+          ({
+            name,
+            options: { codemode: false },
+            description:
+              "Search file contents using regular expressions. Use it to locate specific code, symbols, or text patterns, and narrow searches with `path` or `include`. Returns matching file paths, line numbers, and line previews.",
+            input: Input,
+            output: Output,
+            execute: (input, context) =>
+              Effect.gen(function* () {
+                const source = { type: "tool" as const, messageID: context.messageID, id: context.id }
+                const target = yield* mutation.resolve({ path: input.path ?? "." })
+                if (target.externalDirectory)
+                  yield* permission.assert({
+                    ...LocationMutation.externalDirectoryPermission(target.externalDirectory),
+                    sessionID: context.sessionID,
+                    agent: context.agent,
+                    source,
+                  })
                 yield* permission.assert({
-                  ...LocationMutation.externalDirectoryPermission(target.externalDirectory),
+                  action: name,
+                  resources: [input.pattern],
+                  save: ["*"],
+                  metadata: {
+                    root: ".",
+                    path: input.path,
+                    include: input.include,
+                    limit: input.limit,
+                  },
                   sessionID: context.sessionID,
                   agent: context.agent,
                   source,
                 })
-              yield* permission.assert({
-                action: name,
-                resources: [input.pattern],
-                save: ["*"],
-                metadata: {
-                  root: ".",
-                  path: input.path,
-                  include: input.include,
-                  limit: input.limit,
-                },
-                sessionID: context.sessionID,
-                agent: context.agent,
-                source,
-              })
-              const root = target.absolute
-              const type = yield* Environment.typeFollowing(environment.files, root).pipe(
-                Effect.catchTag("Environment.NotFound", () =>
-                  Effect.fail(new ToolFailure({ message: `Search path does not exist: ${input.path ?? "."}` })),
-                ),
-              )
-              const cwd = type === "directory" ? root : path.dirname(root)
-              const limit = input.limit ?? FileSystem.DEFAULT_SEARCH_LIMIT
-              const matches = yield* ripgrep
-                .grep({
-                  cwd,
-                  pattern: input.pattern,
-                  file: type === "file" ? path.basename(root) : undefined,
-                  include: input.include,
-                  limit: limit + 1,
-                })
-                .pipe(
-                  Effect.timeoutOrElse({
-                    duration: FileSystem.DEFAULT_SEARCH_TIMEOUT_MS,
-                    orElse: () =>
-                      Effect.fail(
-                        new ToolFailure({
-                          message: `Search timed out after ${FileSystem.DEFAULT_SEARCH_TIMEOUT_MS / 1_000} seconds. Consider using a more specific path or pattern.`,
+                const root = path.resolve(location.directory, input.path ?? ".")
+                const info = yield* fs
+                  .stat(root)
+                  .pipe(
+                    Effect.catchReason("PlatformError", "NotFound", () =>
+                      Effect.fail(new ToolFailure({ message: `Search path does not exist: ${input.path ?? "."}` })),
+                    ),
+                  )
+                const cwd = info?.type === "Directory" ? root : path.dirname(root)
+                const limit = input.limit ?? FileSystem.DEFAULT_SEARCH_LIMIT
+                const matches = yield* ripgrep
+                  .grep({
+                    cwd,
+                    pattern: input.pattern,
+                    file: info?.type === "File" ? path.basename(root) : undefined,
+                    include: input.include,
+                    limit: limit + 1,
+                  })
+                  .pipe(
+                    Effect.timeoutOrElse({
+                      duration: FileSystem.DEFAULT_SEARCH_TIMEOUT_MS,
+                      orElse: () =>
+                        Effect.fail(
+                          new ToolFailure({
+                            message: `Search timed out after ${FileSystem.DEFAULT_SEARCH_TIMEOUT_MS / 1_000} seconds. Consider using a more specific path or pattern.`,
+                          }),
+                        ),
+                    }),
+                    Effect.map((result) =>
+                      result.map((match) =>
+                        FileSystem.Match.make({
+                          ...match,
+                          entry: FileSystem.Entry.make({
+                            ...match.entry,
+                            path: RelativePath.make(
+                              path.relative(location.directory, path.resolve(cwd, match.entry.path)),
+                            ),
+                          }),
                         }),
                       ),
-                  }),
-                  Effect.map((result) =>
-                    result.map((match) =>
-                      FileSystem.Match.make({
-                        ...match,
-                        entry: FileSystem.Entry.make({
-                          ...match.entry,
-                          path: RelativePath.make(
-                            path.relative(location.directory, path.resolve(cwd, match.entry.path)),
-                          ),
-                        }),
-                      }),
                     ),
+                  )
+                return { matches: matches.slice(0, limit), truncated: matches.length > limit }
+              }).pipe(
+                Effect.map((result) => ({
+                  output: result.matches,
+                  content: toModelContent(
+                    result.matches.map((match) => ({
+                      ...match,
+                      entry: { ...match.entry, path: path.resolve(location.directory, match.entry.path) },
+                    })),
+                    result.truncated,
                   ),
-                )
-              return { matches: matches.slice(0, limit), truncated: matches.length > limit }
-            }).pipe(
-              Effect.map((result) => ({
-                output: result.matches,
-                content: toModelContent(
-                  result.matches.map((match) => ({
-                    ...match,
-                    entry: { ...match.entry, path: path.resolve(location.directory, match.entry.path) },
-                  })),
-                  result.truncated,
-                ),
-                metadata: { matches: result.matches.length, truncated: result.truncated },
-              })),
-              Effect.mapError((error) =>
-                error instanceof ToolFailure
-                  ? error
-                  : error instanceof Ripgrep.InvalidPatternError
-                    ? new ToolFailure({ message: `Invalid regex pattern: ${error.message}` })
+                  metadata: { matches: result.matches.length, truncated: result.truncated },
+                })),
+                Effect.mapError((error) =>
+                  error instanceof ToolFailure
+                    ? error
+                    : error instanceof Ripgrep.InvalidPatternError
+                      ? new ToolFailure({ message: `Invalid regex pattern: ${error.message}` })
                     : new ToolFailure({ message: `Unable to grep for ${input.pattern}`, error }),
+                ),
               ),
-            ),
-        }),
+          }),
+        ),
       )
       .pipe(Effect.orDie)
   }),

packages/core/src/tool/plugin/patch.ts

@@ -4,13 +4,12 @@ import type { Context as PluginContext } from "@opencode-ai/plugin/effect/plugin
 import { ToolFailure } from "@opencode-ai/ai"
 import { FileDiff } from "@opencode-ai/schema/file-diff"
 import { createTwoFilesPatch, diffLines } from "diff"
-import { Effect, Result, Schema } from "effect"
+import { Effect, Schema } from "effect"
+import { PlatformError } from "effect/PlatformError"
 import path from "path"
 import { Bom } from "@opencode-ai/util/bom"
 import { FSUtil } from "@opencode-ai/util/fs-util"
-import { Environment } from "../../environment"
 import { Formatter } from "../../formatter"
-import { FileMutation } from "../../file-mutation"
 import { Location } from "../../location"
 import { Patch } from "@opencode-ai/util/patch"
 import { Permission } from "../../permission"
@@ -45,13 +44,7 @@ export const toModelOutput = (output: Output) =>
   ].join("\n")
 
 type Prepared =
-  | (Extract<Patch.Hunk, { readonly type: "add" }> & {
-      readonly target: Target
-      readonly content: string
-      readonly before: string
-      readonly after: string
-    })
-  | (Extract<Patch.Hunk, { readonly type: "delete" }> & {
+  | (Extract<Patch.Hunk, { readonly type: "add" | "delete" }> & {
       readonly target: Target
       readonly before: string
       readonly after: string
@@ -76,8 +69,7 @@ interface Target {
 export const Plugin = {
   id: "opencode.tool.patch",
   effect: Effect.fn("PatchTool.Plugin")(function* (ctx: PluginContext) {
-    const environment = yield* Environment.Service
-    const mutation = yield* FileMutation.Service
+    const fs = yield* FSUtil.Service
     const formatter = yield* Formatter.Service
     const location = yield* Location.Service
     const permission = yield* Permission.Service
@@ -92,13 +84,6 @@ export const Plugin = {
           output: Output,
           execute: (input, context) => {
             const applied: Array<typeof Applied.Type> = []
-            const parsed = Patch.parse(input.patchText)
-            const lockTargets = Result.isSuccess(parsed)
-              ? parsed.success.flatMap((hunk) => [
-                  path.resolve(location.directory, hunk.path),
-                  ...(hunk.type === "update" && hunk.movePath ? [path.resolve(location.directory, hunk.movePath)] : []),
-                ])
-              : []
             const fail = (operation: string, error: unknown) => {
               const completed = applied.map((item) => item.resource).join(", ")
               return new ToolFailure({
@@ -112,7 +97,7 @@ export const Plugin = {
                 id: context.id,
               }
               if (!input.patchText) return yield* new ToolFailure({ message: "patchText is required" })
-              const hunks = yield* Effect.fromResult(parsed).pipe(
+              const hunks = yield* Effect.fromResult(Patch.parse(input.patchText)).pipe(
                 Effect.mapError((error) => new ToolFailure({ message: `patch verification failed: ${error.message}` })),
               )
               if (hunks.length === 0) {
@@ -140,19 +125,18 @@ export const Plugin = {
                     })
                   }
                   if (hunk.type === "add") {
-                    const content =
-                      hunk.contents.endsWith("\n") || hunk.contents === "" ? hunk.contents : `${hunk.contents}\n`
                     prepared.push({
                       ...hunk,
                       target,
-                      content,
                       before: "",
-                      after: Bom.split(content).text,
+                      after: Bom.split(
+                        hunk.contents.endsWith("\n") || hunk.contents === "" ? hunk.contents : `${hunk.contents}\n`,
+                      ).text,
                     })
                     return
                   }
                   if (hunk.type === "delete") {
-                    const content = yield* FileMutation.readText(environment.files, target.absolute).pipe(
+                    const content = yield* Bom.readFile(fs, target.absolute).pipe(
                       Effect.mapError(
                         (error) =>
                           new ToolFailure({
@@ -167,7 +151,20 @@ export const Plugin = {
                   const original =
                     previous ??
                     (yield* Effect.gen(function* () {
-                      const content = yield* FileMutation.readText(environment.files, target.absolute).pipe(
+                      const stats = yield* fs.stat(target.absolute).pipe(
+                        Effect.mapError(
+                          (error) =>
+                            new ToolFailure({
+                              message: `patch verification failed: Failed to read file to update ${target.absolute}: ${errorMessage(error)}`,
+                            }),
+                        ),
+                      )
+                      if (stats.type === "Directory") {
+                        return yield* new ToolFailure({
+                          message: `patch verification failed: Failed to read file to update ${target.absolute}: path is a directory`,
+                        })
+                      }
+                      const content = yield* Bom.readFile(fs, target.absolute).pipe(
                         Effect.mapError(
                           (error) =>
                             new ToolFailure({
@@ -236,8 +233,13 @@ export const Plugin = {
                 (change) =>
                   Effect.gen(function* () {
                     if (change.type === "add") {
-                      yield* environment.files
-                        .write(change.target.absolute, new TextEncoder().encode(change.content))
+                      yield* fs
+                        .writeWithDirs(
+                          change.target.absolute,
+                          change.contents.endsWith("\n") || change.contents === ""
+                            ? change.contents
+                            : `${change.contents}\n`,
+                        )
                         .pipe(Effect.mapError((error) => fail(`Failed to write ${change.target.resource}`, error)))
                       applied.push({
                         type: change.type,
@@ -247,7 +249,7 @@ export const Plugin = {
                       return
                     }
                     if (change.type === "delete") {
-                      yield* environment.files
+                      yield* fs
                         .remove(change.target.absolute)
                         .pipe(Effect.mapError((error) => fail(`Failed to delete ${change.target.resource}`, error)))
                       applied.push({
@@ -259,10 +261,10 @@ export const Plugin = {
                     }
                     if (change.moveTarget) {
                       const moveTarget = change.moveTarget
-                      yield* environment.files
-                        .write(moveTarget.absolute, new TextEncoder().encode(change.content))
+                      yield* fs
+                        .writeWithDirs(moveTarget.absolute, change.content)
                         .pipe(Effect.mapError((error) => fail(`Failed to write ${moveTarget.resource}`, error)))
-                      yield* environment.files
+                      yield* fs
                         .remove(change.target.absolute)
                         .pipe(
                           Effect.mapError((error) =>
@@ -276,8 +278,8 @@ export const Plugin = {
                       })
                       return
                     }
-                    yield* environment.files
-                      .write(change.target.absolute, new TextEncoder().encode(change.content))
+                    yield* fs
+                      .writeWithDirs(change.target.absolute, change.content)
                       .pipe(Effect.mapError((error) => fail(`Failed to write ${change.target.resource}`, error)))
                     applied.push({
                       type: change.type,
@@ -292,13 +294,13 @@ export const Plugin = {
                 [...new Set(applied.filter((item) => item.type !== "delete").map((item) => item.target))],
                 (target) =>
                   Effect.gen(function* () {
-                    const current = yield* FileMutation.readText(environment.files, target).pipe(
+                    const current = yield* Bom.readFile(fs, target).pipe(
                       Effect.mapError((error) => fail(`Failed to read ${target}`, error)),
                     )
                     formatted.set(
                       target,
                       (yield* formatter.file(target))
-                        ? yield* FileMutation.syncTextBom(environment.files, target, current.bom).pipe(
+                        ? yield* Bom.syncFile(fs, target, current.bom).pipe(
                             Effect.mapError((error) => fail(`Failed to sync ${target}`, error)),
                           )
                         : current.text,
@@ -313,7 +315,6 @@ export const Plugin = {
               })
               return { applied, files }
             }).pipe(
-              mutation.withLock(lockTargets),
               Effect.map((output) => ({
                 output,
                 content: toModelOutput(output),
@@ -344,10 +345,10 @@ export const Plugin = {
 }
 
 function errorMessage(error: unknown) {
-  if (error instanceof Environment.NotFound) return "file does not exist"
-  if (error instanceof Environment.WrongKind)
-    return error.actual === "directory" ? "path is a directory" : `path is ${error.actual}`
-  if (error instanceof Environment.Failed) return errorMessage(error.cause)
+  if (error instanceof PlatformError) {
+    if (error.reason._tag === "NotFound") return "file does not exist"
+    return error.reason.description ?? error.reason.message
+  }
   return error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error)
 }
 

packages/core/src/tool/plugin/read.ts

@@ -11,7 +11,6 @@ import { Permission } from "../../permission"
 import { SessionInstructions } from "../../session/instructions"
 import { AbsolutePath } from "../../schema"
 import { ReadToolFileSystem } from "../read-filesystem"
-import { Environment } from "../../environment"
 
 export const name = "read"
 const FILENAME = "AGENTS.md"
@@ -73,12 +72,16 @@ export const Plugin = {
                 agent: context.agent,
                 source,
               })
-              const content = yield* reader.read(absolute, resource, { offset: input.offset, limit: input.limit }).pipe(
-                Effect.catchIf(
-                  (error) => error instanceof Environment.NotFound,
-                  () => missing(input.path, target.absolute),
-                ),
-              )
+              const type = yield* reader
+                .inspect(absolute)
+                .pipe(Effect.catchReason("PlatformError", "NotFound", () => missing(input.path, target.absolute)))
+              const content =
+                type === "directory"
+                  ? yield* reader.list(absolute, { offset: input.offset, limit: input.limit })
+                  : yield* reader.read(absolute, resource, {
+                      offset: input.offset,
+                      limit: input.limit,
+                    })
               // After a successful read, discover nearby AGENTS.md walking up to the Location
               // root exclusive and inject them as durable synthetic instructions. For a
               // directory listing the walk starts at the directory itself (so its own AGENTS.md
@@ -92,7 +95,7 @@ export const Plugin = {
                 // supplied by core initial instructions) is dropped by the dirname filter.
                 const discovered = yield* fs.up({
                   targets: [FILENAME],
-                  start: content.type === "list-page" ? resolved : dirname(resolved),
+                  start: type === "directory" ? resolved : dirname(resolved),
                   stop: root,
                 })
                 const candidates = (yield* Effect.forEach(discovered, fs.resolve)).filter(

packages/core/src/tool/plugin/shell.ts

@@ -5,8 +5,8 @@ import { ToolFailure } from "@opencode-ai/ai"
 import type { Content } from "@opencode-ai/schema/tool"
 import type { Context as PluginContext } from "@opencode-ai/plugin/effect/plugin"
 import { Deferred, Effect, Schema, Scope } from "effect"
+import { FSUtil } from "@opencode-ai/util/fs-util"
 import { Config } from "../../config"
-import { Environment } from "../../environment"
 import { LocationMutation } from "../../location-mutation"
 import { Permission } from "../../permission"
 import { PluginRuntime } from "../../plugin/runtime"
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ export const Plugin = {
   effect: Effect.fn("ShellTool.Plugin")(function* (ctx: PluginContext) {
     const runtime = yield* PluginRuntime.Service
     const scope = yield* Scope.Scope
-    const environment = yield* Environment.Service
+    const fsUtil = yield* FSUtil.Service
     const mutation = yield* LocationMutation.Service
     const shell = yield* Shell.Service
     const permission = yield* Permission.Service
@@ -179,12 +179,14 @@ export const Plugin = {
                         agent: context.agent,
                         source,
                       })
-                    const workdir = yield* Environment.typeFollowing(environment.files, target.absolute).pipe(
-                      Effect.catchTag("Environment.NotFound", () =>
-                        Effect.fail(new Error(`Working directory does not exist: ${target.absolute}`)),
-                      ),
-                    )
-                    if (workdir !== "directory")
+                    const workdir = yield* fsUtil
+                      .stat(target.absolute)
+                      .pipe(
+                        Effect.catchReason("PlatformError", "NotFound", () =>
+                          Effect.fail(new Error(`Working directory does not exist: ${target.absolute}`)),
+                        ),
+                      )
+                    if (workdir.type !== "Directory")
                       return yield* Effect.fail(new Error(`Working directory is not a directory: ${target.absolute}`))
                   }),
               )

packages/core/src/tool/plugin/write.ts

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ import type { Context as PluginContext } from "@opencode-ai/plugin/effect/plugin
 import { ToolFailure } from "@opencode-ai/ai"
 import { Effect, Schema } from "effect"
 import { Bom } from "@opencode-ai/util/bom"
-import { Environment } from "../../environment"
+import { FSUtil } from "@opencode-ai/util/fs-util"
 import { FileMutation } from "../../file-mutation"
 import { Formatter } from "../../formatter"
 import { LocationMutation } from "../../location-mutation"
@@ -47,9 +47,9 @@ export const Plugin = {
   id: "opencode.tool.write",
   effect: Effect.fn("WriteTool.Plugin")(function* (ctx: PluginContext) {
     const mutation = yield* LocationMutation.Service
-    const fileMutation = yield* FileMutation.Service
-    const environment = yield* Environment.Service
+    const files = yield* FileMutation.Service
     const formatter = yield* Formatter.Service
+    const fs = yield* FSUtil.Service
     const permission = yield* Permission.Service
 
     yield* ctx.tool
@@ -77,8 +77,8 @@ export const Plugin = {
                   agent: context.agent,
                   source,
                 })
-              const current = yield* FileMutation.readText(environment.files, target.absolute).pipe(
-                Effect.catchTag("Environment.NotFound", () => Effect.succeed(undefined)),
+              const current = yield* Bom.readFile(fs, target.absolute).pipe(
+                Effect.catchReason("PlatformError", "NotFound", () => Effect.succeed(undefined)),
               )
               const next = Bom.split(input.content)
               const preview = fileDiff(target.resource, current?.text ?? "", next.text, current ? "modified" : "added")
@@ -91,11 +91,9 @@ export const Plugin = {
                 agent: context.agent,
                 source,
               })
-              const result = yield* fileMutation.writeTextPreservingBom({ target, content: input.content })
-              const bom = (yield* FileMutation.readText(environment.files, target.absolute)).bom
-              if (yield* formatter.file(target.absolute)) {
-                yield* FileMutation.syncTextBom(environment.files, target.absolute, bom)
-              }
+              const result = yield* files.writeTextPreservingBom({ target, content: input.content })
+              const bom = (yield* Bom.readFile(fs, target.absolute)).bom
+              if (yield* formatter.file(target.absolute)) yield* Bom.syncFile(fs, target.absolute, bom)
               return result
             }).pipe(
               Effect.map((output) => ({ output, content: toModelOutput(output) })),

packages/core/src/tool/read-filesystem.ts

@@ -2,22 +2,17 @@ export * as ReadToolFileSystem from "./read-filesystem"
 
 import path from "path"
 import { pathToFileURL } from "url"
-import { makeLocationNode } from "@opencode-ai/util/effect/app-node"
-import { Context, Effect, Layer, Schema } from "effect"
-import { lookup } from "mime-types"
-import { Environment } from "../environment"
-import type { Files } from "../environment"
+import { Context, Effect, Layer, Option, Schema } from "effect"
 import { FileSystem } from "../filesystem"
-import { Mime } from "../mime"
+import { FSUtil } from "@opencode-ai/util/fs-util"
+import { makeLocationNode } from "@opencode-ai/util/effect/app-node"
 import { AbsolutePath, NonNegativeInt, PositiveInt, RelativePath } from "../schema"
 
 export const MAX_READ_LINES = 2_000
 export const MAX_READ_BYTES = 50 * 1024
 export const MAX_MEDIA_INGEST_BYTES = 20 * 1024 * 1024
-const FIRST_CHUNK = 256 * 1024
 const MAX_LINE_LENGTH = 2_000
 const MAX_LINE_SUFFIX = `... (line truncated to ${MAX_LINE_LENGTH} chars)`
-const MEDIA_MIMES = new Set(["image/png", "image/jpeg", "image/gif", "image/webp", "application/pdf"])
 
 export class BinaryFileError extends Schema.TaggedErrorClass<BinaryFileError>()("ReadTool.BinaryFileError", {
   resource: Schema.String,
@@ -57,13 +52,8 @@ export class PathKindError extends Schema.TaggedErrorClass<PathKindError>()("Rea
   }
 }
 
-export type ReadError =
-  | Environment.NotFound
-  | Environment.Failed
-  | BinaryFileError
-  | MediaIngestLimitError
-  | OffsetOutOfRangeError
-  | PathKindError
+export type InspectError = FSUtil.Error | PathKindError
+export type ReadError = FSUtil.Error | BinaryFileError | MediaIngestLimitError | OffsetOutOfRangeError | PathKindError
 
 export const PageInput = Schema.Struct({
   offset: Schema.optionalKey(NonNegativeInt),
@@ -100,113 +90,202 @@ export class ListPage extends Schema.Class<ListPage>("ReadTool.ListPage")({
 }) {}
 
 export interface Interface {
+  readonly inspect: (path: AbsolutePath) => Effect.Effect<"file" | "directory", InspectError>
   readonly read: (
     path: AbsolutePath,
     resource: string,
     page?: PageInput,
-  ) => Effect.Effect<FileContent | TextPage | ListPage, ReadError>
+  ) => Effect.Effect<FileContent | TextPage, ReadError>
+  readonly list: (path: AbsolutePath, page?: PageInput) => Effect.Effect<ListPage, FSUtil.Error>
 }
 
 export class Service extends Context.Service<Service, Interface>()("@opencode/ReadToolFileSystem") {}
 
-const mimeType = (value: string) => lookup(value) || "application/octet-stream"
+const startsWith = (bytes: Uint8Array, prefix: number[]) => prefix.every((value, index) => bytes[index] === value)
+const mediaMime = (bytes: Uint8Array) => {
+  if (startsWith(bytes, [0x89, 0x50, 0x4e, 0x47, 0x0d, 0x0a, 0x1a, 0x0a])) return "image/png"
+  if (startsWith(bytes, [0xff, 0xd8, 0xff])) return "image/jpeg"
+  if (startsWith(bytes, [0x47, 0x49, 0x46, 0x38])) return "image/gif"
+  if (startsWith(bytes, [0x52, 0x49, 0x46, 0x46]) && startsWith(bytes.subarray(8), [0x57, 0x45, 0x42, 0x50]))
+    return "image/webp"
+  if (startsWith(bytes, [0x25, 0x50, 0x44, 0x46, 0x2d])) return "application/pdf"
+}
+const binary = (bytes: Uint8Array) => {
+  if (bytes.length === 0) return false
+  let nonPrintable = 0
+  for (const byte of bytes) {
+    if (byte === 0) return true
+    if (byte < 9 || (byte > 13 && byte < 32)) nonPrintable++
+  }
+  return nonPrintable / bytes.length > 0.3
+}
+const decodeUtf8 = (decoder: TextDecoder, bytes?: Uint8Array) => decoder.decode(bytes, { stream: bytes !== undefined })
+const decodeChunk = (resource: string, decoder: TextDecoder, bytes: Uint8Array) =>
+  bytes.includes(0) ? Effect.fail(new BinaryFileError({ resource })) : Effect.succeed(decodeUtf8(decoder, bytes))
+
+export const inspect = Effect.fn("ReadTool.inspect")(function* (fs: FSUtil.Interface, input: string) {
+  const info = yield* fs.stat(input)
+  const type = info.type === "File" ? "file" : info.type === "Directory" ? "directory" : undefined
+  if (!type) return yield* Effect.fail(new PathKindError({ resource: input, expected: "a file or directory" }))
+  return type
+})
 
 export const read = Effect.fn("ReadTool.read")(function* (
-  files: Files,
-  input: AbsolutePath,
+  fs: FSUtil.Interface,
+  input: string,
   resource: string,
   page: PageInput = {},
 ) {
-  const first = yield* files.read(input, { offset: 0, length: FIRST_CHUNK }).pipe(
-    Effect.catchTag("Environment.WrongKind", (error) => {
-      if (error.actual !== "directory")
-        return Effect.fail(new PathKindError({ resource, expected: "a file or directory" }))
-      return files.list(input).pipe(
-        Effect.map((entries) => list(entries, page)),
-        Effect.catchTag("Environment.WrongKind", () =>
-          Effect.fail(new PathKindError({ resource, expected: "a file or directory" })),
-        ),
+  const real = yield* fs.realPath(input)
+  return yield* Effect.scoped(
+    Effect.gen(function* () {
+      const file = yield* fs.open(real, { flag: "r" })
+      const info = yield* file.stat
+      if (info.type !== "File") return yield* Effect.fail(new PathKindError({ resource, expected: "a file" }))
+      const first = Option.getOrElse(
+        yield* file.readAlloc(Math.min(64 * 1024, Number(info.size) || 4 * 1024)),
+        () => new Uint8Array(),
       )
+      const mime = mediaMime(first)
+      if (mime) {
+        if (info.size > MAX_MEDIA_INGEST_BYTES)
+          return yield* Effect.fail(new MediaIngestLimitError({ resource, maximumBytes: MAX_MEDIA_INGEST_BYTES }))
+        const chunks = [first]
+        let total = first.length
+        while (total <= MAX_MEDIA_INGEST_BYTES) {
+          const chunk = yield* file.readAlloc(Math.min(64 * 1024, MAX_MEDIA_INGEST_BYTES + 1 - total))
+          if (Option.isNone(chunk)) break
+          chunks.push(chunk.value)
+          total += chunk.value.length
+        }
+        if (total > MAX_MEDIA_INGEST_BYTES)
+          return yield* Effect.fail(new MediaIngestLimitError({ resource, maximumBytes: MAX_MEDIA_INGEST_BYTES }))
+        return {
+          type: "file" as const,
+          uri: pathToFileURL(real).href,
+          name: path.basename(real),
+          content: Buffer.concat(
+            chunks.map((chunk) => Buffer.from(chunk)),
+            total,
+          ).toString("base64"),
+          encoding: "base64" as const,
+          mime,
+        }
+      }
+      const paged = info.size > MAX_READ_BYTES || page.offset !== undefined || page.limit !== undefined
+      if (!paged) {
+        if (binary(first)) return yield* Effect.fail(new BinaryFileError({ resource }))
+        const decoder = new TextDecoder()
+        const text = [decodeUtf8(decoder, first)]
+        while (true) {
+          const chunk = yield* file.readAlloc(64 * 1024)
+          if (Option.isNone(chunk)) break
+          text.push(yield* decodeChunk(resource, decoder, chunk.value))
+        }
+        text.push(decodeUtf8(decoder))
+        return {
+          type: "file" as const,
+          uri: pathToFileURL(real).href,
+          name: path.basename(real),
+          content: text.join(""),
+          encoding: "utf8" as const,
+          mime: FSUtil.mimeType(real),
+        }
+      }
+      const offset = page.offset || 1
+      const limit = Math.min(page.limit || MAX_READ_LINES, MAX_READ_LINES)
+      const lines: string[] = []
+      const decoder = new TextDecoder()
+      let pending = ""
+      let discard = false
+      let line = 1
+      let bytes = 0
+      let next: number | undefined
+      const append = (input: string) => {
+        if (line < offset) {
+          line++
+          return true
+        }
+        if (lines.length >= limit || bytes >= MAX_READ_BYTES) {
+          next = line
+          return false
+        }
+        const text = input.length > MAX_LINE_LENGTH ? input.slice(0, MAX_LINE_LENGTH) + MAX_LINE_SUFFIX : input
+        const size = Buffer.byteLength(text, "utf-8") + (lines.length > 0 ? 1 : 0)
+        if (bytes + size > MAX_READ_BYTES) {
+          next = line
+          return false
+        }
+        lines.push(text)
+        bytes += size
+        line++
+        return true
+      }
+      const consume = (input: string) => {
+        let text = input
+        while (true) {
+          const index = text.indexOf("\n")
+          if (index === -1) {
+            if (!discard) {
+              pending += text
+              if (pending.length > MAX_LINE_LENGTH) {
+                pending = pending.slice(0, MAX_LINE_LENGTH + 1)
+                discard = true
+              }
+            }
+            break
+          }
+          const current = pending + (discard ? "" : text.slice(0, index))
+          pending = ""
+          discard = false
+          text = text.slice(index + 1)
+          if (!append(current.endsWith("\r") ? current.slice(0, -1) : current)) return false
+        }
+        return true
+      }
+      const consumeChunk = Effect.fnUntraced(function* (chunk: Uint8Array) {
+        let start = 0
+        while (start < chunk.length) {
+          if (lines.length >= limit || bytes >= MAX_READ_BYTES) {
+            next = line
+            return false
+          }
+          const newline = chunk.indexOf(10, start)
+          const end = newline === -1 ? chunk.length : newline + 1
+          const segment = chunk.subarray(start, end)
+          if (binary(segment)) return yield* Effect.fail(new BinaryFileError({ resource }))
+          if (!consume(decodeUtf8(decoder, segment))) return false
+          start = end
+        }
+        return true
+      })
+      let done = !(yield* consumeChunk(first))
+      while (!done) {
+        const chunk = yield* file.readAlloc(64 * 1024)
+        if (Option.isNone(chunk)) break
+        done = !(yield* consumeChunk(chunk.value))
+      }
+      if (!done) {
+        const tail = decodeUtf8(decoder)
+        if (!discard) pending += tail
+        if (pending) append(pending.endsWith("\r") ? pending.slice(0, -1) : pending)
+      }
+      if (lines.length === 0 && offset !== 1) return yield* Effect.fail(new OffsetOutOfRangeError({ offset }))
+      return new TextPage({
+        type: "text-page",
+        content: lines.join("\n"),
+        mime: FSUtil.mimeType(real),
+        offset,
+        truncated: next !== undefined,
+        ...(next === undefined ? {} : { next }),
+      })
     }),
   )
-  if (first instanceof ListPage) return first
-
-  const media = Mime.detect(first.bytes)
-  if (MEDIA_MIMES.has(media)) {
-    if (first.info.size > MAX_MEDIA_INGEST_BYTES)
-      return yield* new MediaIngestLimitError({ resource, maximumBytes: MAX_MEDIA_INGEST_BYTES })
-    const whole = yield* readFile(files, input, resource)
-    return {
-      type: "file" as const,
-      uri: pathToFileURL(input).href,
-      name: path.basename(input),
-      content: Buffer.from(whole.bytes).toString("base64"),
-      encoding: "base64" as const,
-      mime: media,
-    }
-  }
-
-  const paged = first.info.size > MAX_READ_BYTES || page.offset !== undefined || page.limit !== undefined
-  if (!paged) {
-    if (first.bytes.includes(0)) return yield* new BinaryFileError({ resource })
-    return {
-      type: "file" as const,
-      uri: pathToFileURL(input).href,
-      name: path.basename(input),
-      content: new TextDecoder().decode(first.bytes),
-      encoding: "utf8" as const,
-      mime: mimeType(input),
-    }
-  }
-
-  const chunks = [first.bytes]
-  while (true) {
-    const bytes = Buffer.concat(chunks)
-    const eof = bytes.length >= first.info.size
-    const result = textPage(bytes, eof, page)
-    if (result !== undefined) return yield* makeTextPage(bytes, input, resource, result)
-    const next = yield* readFile(files, input, resource, { offset: bytes.length, length: FIRST_CHUNK })
-    if (next.bytes.length === 0) {
-      const result = textPage(bytes, true, page)
-      if (result === undefined) return yield* Effect.die("Read page did not settle at EOF")
-      return yield* makeTextPage(bytes, input, resource, result)
-    }
-    chunks.push(next.bytes)
-  }
 })
 
-const readFile = (
-  files: Files,
-  input: AbsolutePath,
-  resource: string,
-  range?: { readonly offset: number; readonly length: number },
-) =>
-  files
-    .read(input, range)
-    .pipe(
-      Effect.catchTag("Environment.WrongKind", () => Effect.fail(new PathKindError({ resource, expected: "a file" }))),
-    )
-
-const makeTextPage = Effect.fnUntraced(function* (
-  bytes: Uint8Array,
-  input: AbsolutePath,
-  resource: string,
-  result: NonNullable<ReturnType<typeof textPage>>,
-) {
-  if (bytes.subarray(0, result.consumed).includes(0)) return yield* new BinaryFileError({ resource })
-  if (result.entries.length === 0 && result.offset !== 1)
-    return yield* new OffsetOutOfRangeError({ offset: result.offset })
-  return new TextPage({
-    type: "text-page",
-    content: result.entries.join("\n"),
-    mime: mimeType(input),
-    offset: result.offset,
-    truncated: result.next !== undefined,
-    ...(result.next === undefined ? {} : { next: result.next }),
-  })
-})
-
-const list = (items: ReadonlyArray<Environment.DirEntry>, page: PageInput) => {
+export const list = Effect.fn("ReadTool.list")(function* (fs: FSUtil.Interface, input: string, page: PageInput = {}) {
+  const real = yield* fs.realPath(input)
+  const items = yield* fs.readDirectoryEntries(real)
   const offset = page.offset || 1
   const limit = Math.min(page.limit || MAX_READ_LINES, MAX_READ_LINES)
   const visible = items
@@ -237,58 +316,18 @@ const list = (items: ReadonlyArray<Environment.DirEntry>, page: PageInput) => {
     truncated,
     ...(truncated ? { next: offset + selected.length } : {}),
   })
-}
-
-const textPage = (bytes: Uint8Array, eof: boolean, page: PageInput) => {
-  const offset = page.offset || 1
-  const limit = Math.min(page.limit || MAX_READ_LINES, MAX_READ_LINES)
-  const decoded = new TextDecoder().decode(bytes)
-  const split = decoded.split("\n")
-  const complete = eof ? (split.at(-1) === "" ? split.slice(0, -1) : split) : split.slice(0, -1)
-  const available = complete.map((line) => (line.endsWith("\r") ? line.slice(0, -1) : line))
-
-  const entries: string[] = []
-  let size = 0
-  let next: number | undefined
-  for (const [index, value] of available.slice(offset - 1).entries()) {
-    const line = offset + index
-    if (entries.length >= limit || size >= MAX_READ_BYTES) {
-      next = line
-      break
-    }
-    const text = value.length > MAX_LINE_LENGTH ? value.slice(0, MAX_LINE_LENGTH) + MAX_LINE_SUFFIX : value
-    const lineSize = Buffer.byteLength(text, "utf-8") + (entries.length > 0 ? 1 : 0)
-    if (size + lineSize > MAX_READ_BYTES) {
-      next = line
-      break
-    }
-    entries.push(text)
-    size += lineSize
-  }
-  if (next === undefined && entries.length >= limit && (!eof || offset - 1 + entries.length < available.length))
-    next = offset + entries.length
-  if (!eof && next === undefined) return
-
-  const consumedLines = next === undefined ? available.length : next - 1
-  const consumed = consumedLines === 0 ? 0 : (nthNewline(bytes, consumedLines) ?? bytes.length)
-  return { entries, offset, next, consumed }
-}
-
-const nthNewline = (bytes: Uint8Array, count: number) => {
-  let found = 0
-  for (const [index, byte] of bytes.entries()) {
-    if (byte !== 10) continue
-    found++
-    if (found === count) return index + 1
-  }
-}
+})
 
 const layer = Layer.effect(
   Service,
   Effect.gen(function* () {
-    const environment = yield* Environment.Service
-    return Service.of({ read: (path, resource, page) => read(environment.files, path, resource, page) })
+    const fs = yield* FSUtil.Service
+    return Service.of({
+      inspect: (path) => inspect(fs, path),
+      read: (path, resource, page) => read(fs, path, resource, page),
+      list: (path, page) => list(fs, path, page),
+    })
   }),
 )
 
-export const node = makeLocationNode({ service: Service, layer, deps: [Environment.node] })
+export const node = makeLocationNode({ service: Service, layer, deps: [FSUtil.node] })

packages/core/test/config/provider.test.ts

@@ -50,33 +50,6 @@ function withEnv<A, E, R>(vars: Record<string, string | undefined>, effect: () =
 const decode = Schema.decodeUnknownSync(Info)
 
 describe("ConfigProviderPlugin.Plugin", () => {
-  it.effect("adds key auth for custom providers without env credentials", () =>
-    Effect.gen(function* () {
-      const integrations = yield* Integration.Service
-      const entries = [
-        new Document({
-          type: "document",
-          info: decode({
-            providers: {
-              litellm: {
-                package: "aisdk:@ai-sdk/openai-compatible",
-                models: { chat: {} },
-              },
-            },
-          }),
-        }),
-      ]
-
-      yield* addPlugin(entries)
-
-      expect(yield* integrations.get(Integration.ID.make("litellm"))).toMatchObject({
-        id: "litellm",
-        name: "litellm",
-        methods: [{ type: "key", label: "Manually enter API Key" }],
-      })
-    }),
-  )
-
   it.effect("defaults custom models to agent capabilities", () =>
     Effect.gen(function* () {
       const catalog = yield* Catalog.Service

packages/core/test/environment.test.ts

@@ -1,88 +0,0 @@
-import fs from "node:fs/promises"
-import { describe, expect } from "bun:test"
-import { Effect } from "effect"
-import { ChildProcessSpawner } from "effect/unstable/process"
-import { CrossSpawnSpawner } from "@opencode-ai/util/cross-spawn-spawner"
-import { LayerNode } from "@opencode-ai/util/effect/layer-node"
-import {
-  execDefaults,
-  Failed,
-  makeFiles,
-  makeLocalDriver,
-  makeMemoryDriver,
-  NotFound,
-  typeFollowing,
-} from "../src/environment/index"
-import { tmpdir } from "./fixture/tmpdir"
-import { environmentConformance } from "./lib/environment-conformance"
-import { it } from "./lib/effect"
-
-describe("typeFollowing", () => {
-  it.effect("follows symlinks without changing stat semantics", () =>
-    Effect.gen(function* () {
-      const driver = makeMemoryDriver()
-      const files = makeFiles(driver)
-      yield* files.mkdir("/directory")
-      yield* files.write("/file", new Uint8Array())
-      yield* driver.symlink("/directory", "/directory-link")
-      yield* driver.symlink("/file", "/file-link")
-      yield* driver.symlink("/missing", "/dangling-link")
-
-      expect(yield* typeFollowing(files, "/directory-link")).toBe("directory")
-      expect(yield* typeFollowing(files, "/file-link")).toBe("file")
-      expect(yield* typeFollowing(files, "/dangling-link").pipe(Effect.flip)).toBeInstanceOf(NotFound)
-    }),
-  )
-})
-
-environmentConformance("memory environment", () =>
-  Effect.sync(() => {
-    const driver = makeMemoryDriver()
-    return {
-      files: makeFiles(driver),
-      root: `/workspace-${crypto.randomUUID()}`,
-      symlink: driver.symlink,
-    }
-  }),
-)
-
-environmentConformance("local environment", () =>
-  Effect.gen(function* () {
-    const spawner = yield* ChildProcessSpawner.ChildProcessSpawner
-    const tmp = yield* Effect.promise(() => tmpdir("opencode-local-environment-"))
-    return {
-      files: makeFiles(makeLocalDriver(spawner)),
-      root: tmp.path,
-      ...(process.platform === "win32"
-        ? {}
-        : {
-            symlink: (target: string, link: string) =>
-              Effect.tryPromise({
-                try: () => fs.symlink(target, link),
-                catch: (cause) => new Failed({ path: link, cause }),
-              }),
-          }),
-      dispose: Effect.promise(() => tmp[Symbol.asyncDispose]()),
-    }
-  }).pipe(Effect.provide(LayerNode.compile(CrossSpawnSpawner.node))),
-)
-
-environmentConformance(
-  "GNU exec environment",
-  () =>
-    Effect.gen(function* () {
-      const spawner = yield* ChildProcessSpawner.ChildProcessSpawner
-      const tmp = yield* Effect.promise(() => tmpdir("opencode-environment-"))
-      return {
-        files: execDefaults(spawner),
-        root: tmp.path,
-        symlink: (target: string, link: string) =>
-          Effect.tryPromise({
-            try: () => fs.symlink(target, link),
-            catch: (cause) => new Failed({ path: link, cause }),
-          }),
-        dispose: Effect.promise(() => tmp[Symbol.asyncDispose]()),
-      }
-    }).pipe(Effect.provide(LayerNode.compile(CrossSpawnSpawner.node))),
-  process.platform !== "linux",
-)

packages/core/test/file-mutation.test.ts

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ import { Deferred, Effect, Fiber, Layer } from "effect"
 import { AppNodeBuilder } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/app-node-builder"
 import { LayerNode } from "@opencode-ai/util/effect/layer-node"
 import { FileMutation } from "@opencode-ai/core/file-mutation"
-import { Environment } from "@opencode-ai/core/environment"
+import { FSUtil } from "@opencode-ai/util/fs-util"
 import { Location } from "@opencode-ai/core/location"
 import { LocationMutation } from "@opencode-ai/core/location-mutation"
 import { AbsolutePath } from "@opencode-ai/core/schema"
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ import { location } from "./fixture/location"
 import { tmpdir } from "./fixture/tmpdir"
 import { it } from "./lib/effect"
 
-function provide(directory: string, environmentLayer = LayerNode.compile(Environment.node)) {
+function provide(directory: string, filesystemLayer = LayerNode.compile(FSUtil.node)) {
   const activeLocation = Layer.succeed(
     Location.Service,
     Location.Service.of(location({ directory: AbsolutePath.make(directory) })),
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ function provide(directory: string, environmentLayer = LayerNode.compile(Environ
   return Effect.provide(
     AppNodeBuilder.build(LayerNode.group([LocationMutation.node, FileMutation.node]), [
       [Location.node, activeLocation],
-      [Environment.node, environmentLayer],
+      [FSUtil.node, filesystemLayer],
     ]),
   )
 }
@@ -152,57 +152,6 @@ describe("FileMutation", () => {
     ),
   )
 
-  it.live("shares transaction locks across Location service instances", () =>
-    withTmp((directory) =>
-      Effect.gen(function* () {
-        const firstStarted = yield* Deferred.make<void>()
-        const releaseFirst = yield* Deferred.make<void>()
-        const secondStarted = yield* Deferred.make<void>()
-        const target = path.join(directory, "shared.txt")
-        const first = yield* Effect.gen(function* () {
-          const files = yield* FileMutation.Service
-          yield* files.withLock([target])(
-            Deferred.succeed(firstStarted, undefined).pipe(Effect.andThen(Deferred.await(releaseFirst))),
-          )
-        }).pipe(provide(directory), Effect.forkChild)
-        yield* Deferred.await(firstStarted)
-        const second = yield* Effect.gen(function* () {
-          const files = yield* FileMutation.Service
-          yield* files.withLock([target])(Deferred.succeed(secondStarted, undefined))
-        }).pipe(provide(directory), Effect.forkChild)
-        yield* Effect.yieldNow
-        expect(yield* Deferred.isDone(secondStarted)).toBe(false)
-
-        yield* Deferred.succeed(releaseFirst, undefined)
-        yield* Deferred.await(secondStarted)
-        yield* Fiber.join(first)
-        yield* Fiber.join(second)
-      }),
-    ),
-  )
-
-  it.live("allows transaction locks for distinct resolved paths to proceed independently", () =>
-    withTmp((directory) =>
-      Effect.gen(function* () {
-        const firstStarted = yield* Deferred.make<void>()
-        const releaseFirst = yield* Deferred.make<void>()
-        const secondFinished = yield* Deferred.make<void>()
-        const files = yield* FileMutation.Service
-        const first = yield* files
-          .withLock([path.join(directory, "first.txt")])(
-            Deferred.succeed(firstStarted, undefined).pipe(Effect.andThen(Deferred.await(releaseFirst))),
-          )
-          .pipe(Effect.forkChild)
-        yield* Deferred.await(firstStarted)
-        yield* files.withLock([path.join(directory, "second.txt")])(Deferred.succeed(secondFinished, undefined))
-        expect(yield* Deferred.isDone(secondFinished)).toBe(true)
-
-        yield* Deferred.succeed(releaseFirst, undefined)
-        yield* Fiber.join(first)
-      }).pipe(provide(directory)),
-    ),
-  )
-
   it.live("allows distinct absolute targets to proceed independently", () =>
     withTmp((directory) =>
       Effect.gen(function* () {
@@ -242,16 +191,16 @@ describe("FileMutation", () => {
 
 function instrumentWrites(run: <E>(write: Effect.Effect<void, E>, target: string) => Effect.Effect<void, E>) {
   return Layer.effect(
-    Environment.Service,
+    FSUtil.Service,
     Effect.gen(function* () {
-      const environment = yield* Environment.Service
-      return Environment.Service.of({
-        ...environment,
-        files: {
-          ...environment.files,
-          write: (target, content) => run(environment.files.write(target, content), target),
-        },
+      const filesystem = yield* FSUtil.Service
+      return FSUtil.Service.of({
+        ...filesystem,
+        writeWithDirs: (target, content, mode) => run(filesystem.writeWithDirs(target, content, mode), target),
+        writeFile: (target, content, options) => run(filesystem.writeFile(target, content, options), target),
+        writeFileString: (target, content, options) =>
+          run(filesystem.writeFileString(target, content, options), target),
       })
     }),
-  ).pipe(Layer.provide(LayerNode.compile(Environment.node)))
+  ).pipe(Layer.provide(LayerNode.compile(FSUtil.node)))
 }

packages/core/test/filesystem/watcher.test.ts

@@ -17,8 +17,9 @@ import { location } from "../fixture/location"
 import { tmpdir } from "../fixture/tmpdir"
 import { testEffect } from "../lib/effect"
 
+const describeWatcher = Watcher.hasNativeBinding() && !process.env.CI ? describe : describe.skip
+
 type WatcherEvent = { file: string; event: "add" | "change" | "unlink" }
-const describeNative = process.env.CI ? describe.skip : describe
 
 const it = testEffect(AppNodeBuilder.build(LayerNode.group([FSUtil.node, Bus.node])))
 
@@ -74,9 +75,10 @@ describe("Watcher lifecycle", () => {
       const interrupted = yield* Deferred.make<void>()
       yield* Effect.gen(function* () {
         const watcher = yield* Watcher.Service
-        const consumer = yield* watcher
-          .subscribe({ path: "/pending", type: "directory" })
-          .pipe(Effect.flatMap(Stream.runDrain), Effect.forkScoped({ startImmediately: true }))
+        const consumer = yield* watcher.subscribe({ path: "/pending", type: "directory" }).pipe(
+          Effect.flatMap(Stream.runDrain),
+          Effect.forkScoped({ startImmediately: true }),
+        )
         yield* Deferred.await(started)
         yield* Fiber.interrupt(consumer)
         expect(yield* Deferred.isDone(interrupted)).toBe(true)
@@ -97,9 +99,10 @@ describe("Watcher lifecycle", () => {
     return Effect.gen(function* () {
       const watcher = yield* Watcher.Service
       const consume = () =>
-        watcher
-          .subscribe({ path: "/shared", type: "directory" })
-          .pipe(Effect.flatMap(Stream.runDrain), Effect.forkScoped({ startImmediately: true }))
+        watcher.subscribe({ path: "/shared", type: "directory" }).pipe(
+          Effect.flatMap(Stream.runDrain),
+          Effect.forkScoped({ startImmediately: true }),
+        )
       const first = yield* consume()
       const second = yield* consume()
       yield* Effect.yieldNow
@@ -135,26 +138,22 @@ describe("Watcher lifecycle", () => {
   })
 })
 
-function provide(directory: string, vcs?: Location.Interface["vcs"], watcher?: Layer.Layer<Watcher.Service>) {
+function provide(directory: string, vcs?: Location.Interface["vcs"]) {
   const locationLayer = Layer.succeed(
     Location.Service,
     Location.Service.of(location({ directory: AbsolutePath.make(directory) }, { vcs })),
   )
-  const built = AppNodeBuilder.build(LocationWatcher.node, [
-    [Config.node, configLayer],
-    [Location.node, locationLayer],
-    ...(watcher ? ([[Watcher.node, watcher]] as const) : []),
-  ])
-  return Effect.provide(built)
+  return Effect.provide(
+    AppNodeBuilder.build(LocationWatcher.node, [
+      [Config.node, configLayer],
+      [Location.node, locationLayer],
+    ]),
+  )
 }
 
 function withTmp<A, E, R>(
   f: (directory: string, vcs?: Location.Interface["vcs"]) => Effect.Effect<A, E, R>,
-  options?: {
-    vcs?: "git" | "hg"
-    init?: (directory: string) => Promise<void>
-    watcher?: Layer.Layer<Watcher.Service>
-  },
+  options?: { vcs?: "git" | "hg"; init?: (directory: string) => Promise<void> },
 ) {
   return Effect.acquireRelease(
     Effect.promise(async () => {
@@ -174,57 +173,9 @@ function withTmp<A, E, R>(
       return { tmp, vcs: { type: "git" as const, store: AbsolutePath.make(path.join(tmp.path, ".git")) } }
     }),
     ({ tmp }) => Effect.promise(() => tmp[Symbol.asyncDispose]()),
-  ).pipe(Effect.flatMap(({ tmp, vcs }) => f(tmp.path, vcs).pipe(provide(tmp.path, vcs, options?.watcher))))
+  ).pipe(Effect.flatMap(({ tmp, vcs }) => f(tmp.path, vcs).pipe(provide(tmp.path, vcs))))
 }
 
-describe("LocationWatcher subscriptions", () => {
-  it.live("watches only exact Git branch metadata", () => {
-    const subscriptions: Watcher.WatchInput[] = []
-    const watcher = Layer.succeed(
-      Watcher.Service,
-      Watcher.Service.of({
-        subscribe: (input) => Effect.sync(() => subscriptions.push(input)).pipe(Effect.as(Stream.empty)),
-      }),
-    )
-    return withTmp(
-      (directory) =>
-        Effect.gen(function* () {
-          yield* LocationWatcher.Service
-          yield* Effect.sync(() => subscriptions.length).pipe(
-            Effect.filterOrFail((count) => count > 0),
-            Effect.retry(Schedule.spaced("10 millis")),
-          )
-          yield* Effect.sleep("10 millis")
-          expect(subscriptions).toEqual([{ path: path.join(directory, ".git", "HEAD"), type: "file" }])
-        }),
-      { vcs: "git", watcher },
-    )
-  })
-
-  it.live("watches only exact Hg branch metadata", () => {
-    const subscriptions: Watcher.WatchInput[] = []
-    const watcher = Layer.succeed(
-      Watcher.Service,
-      Watcher.Service.of({
-        subscribe: (input) => Effect.sync(() => subscriptions.push(input)).pipe(Effect.as(Stream.empty)),
-      }),
-    )
-    return withTmp(
-      (directory) =>
-        Effect.gen(function* () {
-          yield* LocationWatcher.Service
-          yield* Effect.sync(() => subscriptions.length).pipe(
-            Effect.filterOrFail((count) => count > 0),
-            Effect.retry(Schedule.spaced("10 millis")),
-          )
-          yield* Effect.sleep("10 millis")
-          expect(subscriptions).toEqual([{ path: path.join(directory, ".hg", "branch"), type: "file" }])
-        }),
-      { vcs: "hg", watcher },
-    )
-  })
-})
-
 function wait(check: (event: WatcherEvent) => boolean) {
   return Effect.gen(function* () {
     const bus = yield* Bus.Service
@@ -275,18 +226,31 @@ function eventuallyUpdate<E>(check: (event: WatcherEvent) => boolean, trigger: (
   )
 }
 
-function ready(file: string, eventFile = file) {
+function noUpdate<E>(check: (event: WatcherEvent) => boolean, trigger: Effect.Effect<void, E>, timeout = 500) {
+  return Effect.acquireUseRelease(
+    wait(check),
+    ({ deferred }) =>
+      trigger.pipe(
+        Effect.andThen(Deferred.await(deferred)),
+        Effect.timeoutOption(`${timeout} millis`),
+        Effect.tap((result) => Effect.sync(() => expect(result).toEqual(Option.none()))),
+      ),
+    ({ fiber }) => Fiber.interrupt(fiber),
+  )
+}
+
+function ready(directory: string) {
+  const file = path.join(directory, `.watcher-${Math.random().toString(36).slice(2)}`)
   return Effect.gen(function* () {
     const fs = yield* FSUtil.Service
-    const content = (yield* fs.readFileStringSafe(file)) ?? `ready-${Math.random()}`
     yield* eventuallyUpdate(
-      (event) => event.file === eventFile,
-      () => fs.writeFileString(file, content),
-    ).pipe(Effect.asVoid)
+      (event) => event.file === file,
+      () => fs.writeFileString(file, `ready-${Math.random()}`),
+    ).pipe(Effect.ensuring(fs.remove(file, { force: true }).pipe(Effect.ignore)), Effect.asVoid)
   })
 }
 
-describeNative("LocationWatcher", () => {
+describeWatcher("LocationWatcher", () => {
   it.live("limits file watches to the exact target", () =>
     withTmp((directory) =>
       Effect.gen(function* () {
@@ -312,25 +276,94 @@ describeNative("LocationWatcher", () => {
     ),
   )
 
-  it.live("detects creation of a missing directory target", () =>
+  it.live("publishes root create, update, and delete events", () =>
+    withTmp(
+      (directory) =>
+        Effect.gen(function* () {
+          const fs = yield* FSUtil.Service
+          const file = path.join(directory, "watch.txt")
+          yield* ready(directory)
+          for (const item of [
+            { event: "add" as const, trigger: fs.writeFileString(file, "a") },
+            { event: "change" as const, trigger: fs.writeFileString(file, "b") },
+            { event: "unlink" as const, trigger: fs.remove(file) },
+          ]) {
+            expect(
+              yield* nextUpdate((event) => event.file === file && event.event === item.event, item.trigger),
+            ).toEqual({
+              file,
+              event: item.event,
+            })
+          }
+        }),
+      { vcs: "git" },
+    ),
+  )
+
+  it.live("skips non-git roots", () =>
     withTmp((directory) =>
       Effect.gen(function* () {
         const fs = yield* FSUtil.Service
-        const watcher = yield* Watcher.Service
-        const target = path.join(directory, "generated")
-        const updates = yield* watcher.subscribe({ path: target, type: "file" })
-        const update = yield* updates.pipe(
-          Stream.take(1),
-          Stream.runHead,
-          Effect.forkScoped({ startImmediately: true }),
-        )
-        const creates = yield* Effect.suspend(() =>
-          fs.remove(target, { recursive: true, force: true }).pipe(Effect.andThen(fs.ensureDir(target))),
-        ).pipe(Effect.repeat(Schedule.spaced("10 millis")), Effect.forkScoped)
-        const event = yield* Fiber.join(update).pipe(Effect.ensuring(Fiber.interrupt(creates)))
+        const file = path.join(directory, "plain.txt")
+        yield* noUpdate((event) => event.file === file, fs.writeFileString(file, "plain"))
+      }),
+    ),
+  )
 
-        expect(event.valueOrUndefined?.path).toBe(target)
-      }).pipe(Effect.provide(AppNodeBuilder.build(Watcher.node))),
+  it.live("ignores dependency, VCS, and build directories at any depth", () =>
+    withTmp(
+      (directory) =>
+        Effect.gen(function* () {
+          const afs = yield* FSUtil.Service
+          yield* ready(directory)
+          const roots = ["node_modules", ".git", "dist"].map((name) => path.join(directory, "nested", name))
+          const files = roots.map((root) => path.join(root, "package", "index.js"))
+          yield* noUpdate(
+            (event) => roots.some((root) => event.file === root || event.file.startsWith(`${root}${path.sep}`)),
+            Effect.forEach(files, (file) => afs.writeWithDirs(file, "ignored"), {
+              concurrency: "unbounded",
+              discard: true,
+            }),
+          )
+        }),
+      { vcs: "git" },
+    ),
+  )
+
+  it.live("cleanup stops publishing events", () =>
+    Effect.gen(function* () {
+      const bus = yield* Bus.Service
+      const fs = yield* FSUtil.Service
+      const tmp = yield* Effect.acquireRelease(
+        Effect.promise(() => tmpdir()),
+        (tmp) => Effect.promise(() => tmp[Symbol.asyncDispose]()),
+      )
+      yield* ready(tmp.path).pipe(
+        provide(tmp.path, { type: "git", store: AbsolutePath.make(path.join(tmp.path, ".git")) }),
+        Effect.scoped,
+      )
+      const file = path.join(tmp.path, "after-dispose.txt")
+      yield* noUpdate((event) => event.file === file, fs.writeFileString(file, "gone")).pipe(
+        Effect.provideService(Bus.Service, bus),
+      )
+    }).pipe(Effect.provide(AppNodeBuilder.build(LayerNode.group([FSUtil.node, Bus.node])))),
+  )
+
+  it.live("ignores .git/index changes", () =>
+    withTmp(
+      (directory) =>
+        Effect.gen(function* () {
+          const fs = yield* FSUtil.Service
+          const index = path.join(directory, ".git", "index")
+          yield* ready(directory)
+          yield* noUpdate(
+            (event) => event.file === index,
+            fs
+              .writeFileString(path.join(directory, "tracked.txt"), "a")
+              .pipe(Effect.andThen(Effect.promise(() => $`git add .`.cwd(directory).quiet())), Effect.asVoid),
+          )
+        }),
+      { vcs: "git" },
     ),
   )
 
@@ -341,11 +374,11 @@ describeNative("LocationWatcher", () => {
           const fs = yield* FSUtil.Service
           const head = path.join(directory, ".git", "HEAD")
           const branch = `watch-${Math.random().toString(36).slice(2)}`
-          yield* ready(head)
+          yield* ready(directory)
           yield* Effect.promise(() => $`git branch ${branch}`.cwd(directory).quiet())
           expect(
             yield* nextUpdate((event) => event.file === head, fs.writeFileString(head, `ref: refs/heads/${branch}\n`)),
-          ).toEqual({ file: head, event: "change" })
+          ).toMatchObject({ file: head })
         }),
       { vcs: "git" },
     ),
@@ -360,8 +393,8 @@ describeNative("LocationWatcher", () => {
             const afs = yield* FSUtil.Service
             const actual = path.join(directory, "..", `actual_${path.basename(directory)}`)
             yield* Effect.addFinalizer(() => Effect.promise(() => fs.rm(actual, { recursive: true, force: true })))
+            yield* ready(directory)
             const head = path.join(directory, ".git", "HEAD")
-            yield* ready(head, path.join(actual, "HEAD"))
             const branch = `watch-${Math.random().toString(36).slice(2)}`
             yield* Effect.promise(() => $`git branch ${branch}`.cwd(directory).quiet())
             expect(
@@ -389,7 +422,7 @@ describeNative("LocationWatcher", () => {
         Effect.gen(function* () {
           const fs = yield* FSUtil.Service
           const branch = path.join(directory, ".hg", "branch")
-          yield* ready(branch)
+          yield* ready(directory)
           expect(
             yield* nextUpdate((event) => event.file === branch, fs.writeFileString(branch, "feature\n")),
           ).toMatchObject({ file: branch })

packages/core/test/lib/environment-conformance.ts

@@ -1,169 +0,0 @@
-import { describe, expect } from "bun:test"
-import { Effect } from "effect"
-import { Failed, NotFound, WrongKind, type Files } from "../../src/environment/index"
-import { it } from "./effect"
-
-export interface EnvironmentHarness {
-  readonly files: Files
-  readonly root: string
-  readonly symlink?: (target: string, path: string) => Effect.Effect<void, Failed>
-  readonly dispose?: Effect.Effect<void>
-}
-
-export const environmentConformance = <E>(
-  name: string,
-  makeHarness: () => Effect.Effect<EnvironmentHarness, E>,
-  skip = false,
-) => {
-  const check = <A, E2>(title: string, body: (harness: EnvironmentHarness) => Effect.Effect<A, E2>) =>
-    it.live(title, () =>
-      Effect.gen(function* () {
-        const harness = yield* Effect.acquireRelease(makeHarness(), (harness) =>
-          Effect.gen(function* () {
-            yield* Effect.ignore(harness.files.remove(harness.root))
-            if (harness.dispose) yield* harness.dispose
-          }),
-        )
-        yield* harness.files.mkdir(harness.root)
-        return yield* body(harness)
-      }),
-    )
-
-  const bytes = (value: string) => new TextEncoder().encode(value)
-  const text = (value: Uint8Array) => new TextDecoder().decode(value)
-  const suite = skip ? describe.skip : describe
-
-  suite(name, () => {
-    check("writes, stats, and reads a file with its info", (harness) =>
-      Effect.gen(function* () {
-        const target = `${harness.root}/hello.txt`
-        yield* harness.files.write(target, bytes("hello"))
-        const result = yield* harness.files.read(target)
-        expect(text(result.bytes)).toBe("hello")
-        expect(result.info.type).toBe("file")
-        expect(result.info.size).toBe(5)
-        expect(yield* harness.files.stat(target)).toEqual(result.info)
-      }),
-    )
-
-    check("reports missing paths", (harness) =>
-      Effect.gen(function* () {
-        const target = `${harness.root}/missing`
-        expect(yield* Effect.flip(harness.files.read(target))).toBeInstanceOf(NotFound)
-        expect(yield* Effect.flip(harness.files.stat(target))).toBeInstanceOf(NotFound)
-        expect(yield* Effect.flip(harness.files.list(target))).toBeInstanceOf(NotFound)
-        expect(yield* Effect.flip(harness.files.move(target, `${harness.root}/other`))).toBeInstanceOf(NotFound)
-      }),
-    )
-
-    check("reports the actual kind", (harness) =>
-      Effect.gen(function* () {
-        const directory = `${harness.root}/directory`
-        const file = `${harness.root}/file`
-        yield* harness.files.mkdir(directory)
-        yield* harness.files.write(file, bytes("data"))
-        const readError = yield* Effect.flip(harness.files.read(directory))
-        const listError = yield* Effect.flip(harness.files.list(file))
-        expect(readError).toBeInstanceOf(WrongKind)
-        expect((readError as WrongKind).actual).toBe("directory")
-        expect(listError).toBeInstanceOf(WrongKind)
-        expect((listError as WrongKind).actual).toBe("file")
-      }),
-    )
-
-    check("write creates parent directories", (harness) =>
-      Effect.gen(function* () {
-        const target = `${harness.root}/one/two/file`
-        yield* harness.files.write(target, bytes("nested"))
-        yield* harness.files.write(`${harness.root}/empty`, new Uint8Array())
-        expect((yield* harness.files.stat(`${harness.root}/one/two`)).type).toBe("directory")
-        expect(yield* harness.files.stat(`${harness.root}/empty`)).toMatchObject({ type: "file", size: 0 })
-        expect(text((yield* harness.files.read(target)).bytes)).toBe("nested")
-      }),
-    )
-
-    check("reads byte ranges", (harness) =>
-      Effect.gen(function* () {
-        const target = `${harness.root}/range`
-        yield* harness.files.write(target, bytes("0123456789"))
-        expect(text((yield* harness.files.read(target, { offset: 2, length: 4 })).bytes)).toBe("2345")
-        expect(text((yield* harness.files.read(target, { offset: 8, length: 8 })).bytes)).toBe("89")
-        expect(text((yield* harness.files.read(target, { offset: 20, length: 4 })).bytes)).toBe("")
-      }),
-    )
-
-    check("lists immediate entries with their kinds", (harness) =>
-      Effect.gen(function* () {
-        yield* harness.files.write(`${harness.root}/file name`, bytes("data"))
-        yield* harness.files.mkdir(`${harness.root}/directory`)
-        yield* harness.files.write(`${harness.root}/directory/nested`, bytes("nested"))
-        const entries = yield* harness.files.list(harness.root)
-        expect(entries.toSorted((a, b) => a.name.localeCompare(b.name))).toEqual([
-          { name: "directory", type: "directory" },
-          { name: "file name", type: "file" },
-        ])
-      }),
-    )
-
-    check("preserves symlink metadata while following symlinks for content", (harness) =>
-      Effect.gen(function* () {
-        if (!harness.symlink) return
-        yield* harness.files.write(`${harness.root}/target`, bytes("target"))
-        yield* harness.files.write(`${harness.root}/target-dir/file`, bytes("through link"))
-        yield* harness.symlink("../target", `${harness.root}/target-dir/entry-link`)
-        yield* harness.symlink("target", `${harness.root}/link`)
-        yield* harness.symlink("target-dir", `${harness.root}/link-dir`)
-        yield* harness.symlink("missing", `${harness.root}/dangling-link`)
-        expect((yield* harness.files.stat(`${harness.root}/link`)).type).toBe("symlink")
-        expect(yield* harness.files.list(harness.root)).toContainEqual({ name: "link", type: "symlink" })
-        expect(text((yield* harness.files.read(`${harness.root}/link-dir/file`)).bytes)).toBe("through link")
-        expect(
-          (yield* harness.files.list(`${harness.root}/link-dir`)).toSorted((a, b) => a.name.localeCompare(b.name)),
-        ).toEqual([
-          { name: "entry-link", type: "symlink" },
-          { name: "file", type: "file" },
-        ])
-
-        const fileError = yield* Effect.flip(harness.files.list(`${harness.root}/link`))
-        expect(fileError).toBeInstanceOf(WrongKind)
-        expect((fileError as WrongKind).actual).toBe("file")
-        expect(yield* Effect.flip(harness.files.list(`${harness.root}/dangling-link`))).toBeInstanceOf(NotFound)
-      }),
-    )
-
-    check("follows symlinks when reading", (harness) =>
-      Effect.gen(function* () {
-        if (!harness.symlink) return
-        yield* harness.files.write(`${harness.root}/target`, bytes("target content"))
-        yield* harness.files.mkdir(`${harness.root}/directory`)
-        yield* harness.symlink("target", `${harness.root}/file-link`)
-        yield* harness.symlink("directory", `${harness.root}/directory-link`)
-        yield* harness.symlink("missing", `${harness.root}/dangling-link`)
-
-        const result = yield* harness.files.read(`${harness.root}/file-link`)
-        expect(text(result.bytes)).toBe("target content")
-        expect(result.info.type).toBe("file")
-        expect(result.info.size).toBe(bytes("target content").length)
-
-        const directoryError = yield* Effect.flip(harness.files.read(`${harness.root}/directory-link`))
-        expect(directoryError).toBeInstanceOf(WrongKind)
-        expect((directoryError as WrongKind).actual).toBe("directory")
-        expect(yield* Effect.flip(harness.files.read(`${harness.root}/dangling-link`))).toBeInstanceOf(NotFound)
-      }),
-    )
-
-    check("moves files and removes trees idempotently", (harness) =>
-      Effect.gen(function* () {
-        const source = `${harness.root}/source/file`
-        const destination = `${harness.root}/destination`
-        yield* harness.files.write(source, bytes("moved"))
-        yield* harness.files.move(source, destination)
-        expect(text((yield* harness.files.read(destination)).bytes)).toBe("moved")
-        expect(yield* Effect.flip(harness.files.stat(source))).toBeInstanceOf(NotFound)
-        yield* harness.files.remove(`${harness.root}/source`)
-        yield* harness.files.remove(`${harness.root}/source`)
-        expect(yield* Effect.flip(harness.files.stat(`${harness.root}/source`))).toBeInstanceOf(NotFound)
-      }),
-    )
-  })
-}

packages/core/test/session-execution.test.ts

@@ -13,7 +13,6 @@ import { Session } from "@opencode-ai/core/session"
 import { SessionExecution } from "@opencode-ai/core/session/execution"
 import { SessionRestart } from "@opencode-ai/core/session/execution/restart"
 import { UserInterruptedError } from "@opencode-ai/core/session/error"
-import { SessionEvent } from "@opencode-ai/core/session/event"
 import { SessionRunner } from "@opencode-ai/core/session/runner"
 import { SessionTable } from "@opencode-ai/core/session/sql"
 import { SessionStore } from "@opencode-ai/core/session/store"
@@ -128,34 +127,23 @@ describe("SessionExecution lifecycle", () => {
   it.effect("resumes each suspended Session at most once", () =>
     Effect.gen(function* () {
       const database = yield* Database.Service
-      const bus = yield* Bus.Service
       const first = Session.ID.make("ses_resume_first")
       const second = Session.ID.make("ses_resume_second")
       yield* seedSessions(database, [first, second], { time_suspended: Date.now() })
 
       const drained: string[] = []
-      const continued: SessionEvent.Synthetic[] = []
       const scope = yield* Scope.make()
       const context = yield* buildExecution(scope, ({ sessionID }) => Effect.sync(() => void drained.push(sessionID)))
       const execution = Context.get(context, SessionExecution.Service)
       const restart = Context.get(context, SessionRestart.Service)
-      yield* bus.project(SessionEvent.Synthetic, (event) => Effect.sync(() => void continued.push(event)))
 
       yield* restart.resumeSuspendedSessions
       yield* Effect.forEach([first, second], execution.awaitIdle, { discard: true })
       expect(drained.toSorted()).toEqual([first, second])
-      expect(continued.map((event) => event.data).toSorted((a, b) => a.sessionID.localeCompare(b.sessionID))).toEqual(
-        [first, second].map((sessionID) => ({
-          sessionID,
-          text: "The server restarted while you were working. Continue from where you left off without repeating completed work.",
-          description: "Continuing after restart",
-        })),
-      )
       expect(yield* suspensions(database)).toEqual({ [first]: false, [second]: false })
 
       yield* restart.resumeSuspendedSessions
       expect(drained.length).toBe(2)
-      expect(continued.length).toBe(2)
       yield* Scope.close(scope, Exit.void)
     }),
   )

packages/core/test/session-prompt.test.ts

@@ -1086,78 +1086,4 @@ describe("Session.pending", () => {
       expect(yield* session.pending(sessionID)).toEqual([])
     }),
   )
-
-  it.effect("cancels pending input and allows its ID to be admitted again", () =>
-    Effect.gen(function* () {
-      yield* setup
-      const session = yield* Session.Service
-      const inputID = SessionMessage.ID.make("msg_cancelled_queue")
-      yield* session.prompt({
-        id: inputID,
-        sessionID,
-        text: "Queue this",
-        delivery: "queue",
-        resume: false,
-      })
-
-      yield* session.cancelPending({ sessionID, inputID })
-
-      expect(yield* session.pending(sessionID)).toEqual([])
-      expect(yield* eventCount(Bus.versionedType(SessionEvent.InputCancelled.type, 1))).toBe(1)
-      expect(
-        yield* session.cancelPending({ sessionID, inputID }).pipe(Effect.flip),
-      ).toMatchObject({ _tag: "Session.PendingInputConflictError", sessionID, inputID })
-      expect(yield* eventCount(Bus.versionedType(SessionEvent.InputCancelled.type, 1))).toBe(1)
-
-      const retried = yield* session.prompt({
-        id: inputID,
-        sessionID,
-        text: "Queue this",
-        delivery: "queue",
-        resume: false,
-      })
-      expect(retried).toMatchObject({ id: inputID, delivery: "queue" })
-    }),
-  )
-
-  it.effect("moves pending input between steer and queue delivery", () =>
-    Effect.gen(function* () {
-      yield* setup
-      const session = yield* Session.Service
-      const queued = yield* session.synthetic({
-        sessionID,
-        text: "Steer this",
-        delivery: "queue",
-        resume: false,
-      })
-      const alreadySteered = yield* session.prompt({ sessionID, text: "Already steer", resume: false })
-      wakeCalls.length = 0
-
-      yield* session.steerPending({ sessionID, inputID: queued.id })
-
-      expect(yield* session.pending(sessionID)).toMatchObject([
-        { id: queued.id, delivery: "steer" },
-        { id: alreadySteered.id, delivery: "steer" },
-      ])
-      expect(wakeCalls).toEqual([sessionID])
-      expect(yield* eventCount(Bus.versionedType(SessionEvent.InputSteered.type, 1))).toBe(1)
-
-      wakeCalls.length = 0
-      yield* session.queuePending({ sessionID, inputID: queued.id })
-      expect(yield* session.pending(sessionID)).toMatchObject([
-        { id: queued.id, delivery: "queue" },
-        { id: alreadySteered.id, delivery: "steer" },
-      ])
-      expect(wakeCalls).toEqual([])
-      expect(yield* eventCount(Bus.versionedType(SessionEvent.InputQueued.type, 1))).toBe(1)
-
-      expect(
-        yield* session.steerPending({ sessionID, inputID: alreadySteered.id }).pipe(Effect.flip),
-      ).toMatchObject({ _tag: "Session.PendingInputConflictError", sessionID, inputID: alreadySteered.id })
-      yield* session.cancelPending({ sessionID, inputID: alreadySteered.id })
-      expect(wakeCalls).toEqual([])
-      expect(yield* eventCount(Bus.versionedType(SessionEvent.InputSteered.type, 1))).toBe(1)
-      expect(yield* eventCount(Bus.versionedType(SessionEvent.InputCancelled.type, 1))).toBe(1)
-    }),
-  )
 })

packages/core/test/session-runner-message.test.ts

@@ -110,13 +110,7 @@ describe("toLLMMessages", () => {
     )
 
     expect(messages.map((message) => message.role)).toEqual(["system", "user", "user", "user", "user"])
-    expect(messages[0]).toEqual(
-      Message.make({
-        id: "msg_system",
-        role: "system",
-        content: [{ type: "text", text: "Updated context\n\nOther context" }],
-      }),
-    )
+    expect(messages[0]).toEqual(Message.system("Updated context\n\nOther context"))
     expect(messages[1]).toEqual(
       Message.make({
         id: id("user"),
@@ -482,7 +476,6 @@ Recent work
       {
         type: "tool-result",
         id: "completed",
-        itemId: "fco_completed",
         name: "read",
         result: {
           type: "content",
@@ -520,7 +513,6 @@ Recent work
       {
         type: "reasoning",
         text: "Think",
-        itemId: "rs_1",
         providerMetadata: { provider: { itemId: "rs_1", reasoningEncryptedContent: "encrypted-state" } },
       },
     ])
@@ -610,7 +602,6 @@ Recent work
       {
         type: "tool-call",
         id: "hosted-completed",
-        itemId: "call_completed",
         name: "web_search",
         input: { query: "Effect" },
         providerExecuted: true,
@@ -619,7 +610,6 @@ Recent work
       {
         type: "tool-result",
         id: "hosted-completed",
-        itemId: "result_completed",
         name: "web_search",
         result: { type: "text", value: '{"found":true}' },
         providerExecuted: true,
@@ -630,7 +620,6 @@ Recent work
       {
         type: "tool-call",
         id: "hosted-failed",
-        itemId: "call_failed",
         name: "web_search",
         input: { query: "Effect" },
         providerExecuted: true,
@@ -639,7 +628,6 @@ Recent work
       {
         type: "tool-result",
         id: "hosted-failed",
-        itemId: "result_failed",
         name: "web_search",
         result: {
           type: "error",
@@ -710,7 +698,6 @@ Recent work
       {
         type: "tool-call",
         id: "hosted-old-model",
-        itemId: undefined,
         name: "web_search",
         input: { query: "Effect" },
         providerExecuted: true,
@@ -719,7 +706,6 @@ Recent work
       {
         type: "tool-result",
         id: "hosted-old-model",
-        itemId: "hosted-old-model",
         name: "web_search",
         result: { type: "text", value: '{"status":"completed"}' },
         providerExecuted: true,
@@ -732,7 +718,6 @@ Recent work
       {
         type: "tool-call",
         id: "local-old-model",
-        itemId: undefined,
         name: "read",
         input: { path: "README.md" },
         providerExecuted: false,
@@ -743,7 +728,6 @@ Recent work
       {
         type: "tool-result",
         id: "local-old-model",
-        itemId: "fco_local-old-model",
         name: "read",
         result: { type: "text", value: "Hello" },
         providerExecuted: false,

packages/core/test/session-runner-tool-events.test.ts

@@ -24,7 +24,9 @@ const capture = (providerMetadataKey = "anthropic", options?: { readonly interru
       const publish = Effect.sync(() => {
         const event = { id: Event.ID.create(), type: definition.type, data } as Event.Payload<typeof definition>
         published.push({
-          type: definition.durable ? Bus.versionedType(definition.type, definition.durable.version) : definition.type,
+          type: definition.durable
+            ? Bus.versionedType(definition.type, definition.durable.version)
+            : definition.type,
           data,
         })
         return event
@@ -64,10 +66,9 @@ const hostedResult = LLMEvent.toolResult({
 
 test("local tool success serializes media base64 once through canonical content", async () => {
   const { published, publisher } = capture()
-  const localCall = LLMEvent.toolCall({ ...call, itemId: "fc_call-image" })
-  await Effect.runPromise(publisher.publish(localCall))
+  await Effect.runPromise(publisher.publish(call))
   await Effect.runPromise(
-    publisher.toolExecution(localCall.id, localCall.name, {
+    publisher.toolExecution(call.id, call.name, {
       output: { type: "media", mime: "image/png" },
       content: [
         { type: "text", text: "Image read successfully" },
@@ -83,11 +84,6 @@ test("local tool success serializes media base64 once through canonical content"
   expect(success?.data).not.toHaveProperty("result")
   expect(success?.data).not.toHaveProperty("output")
 
-  const called = published.find((event) => event.type === "session.tool.called.1")?.data
-  expect(called).toMatchObject({ state: { itemId: "fc_call-image" } })
-  expect(success?.data).not.toHaveProperty("resultState")
-  expect(JSON.stringify(success?.data)).not.toContain('"itemId":"fc_call-image"')
-
   expect(success?.data).toMatchObject({
     content: [
       { type: "text", text: "Image read successfully" },
@@ -230,7 +226,9 @@ test("provider-executed tool metadata is flattened using the route key", async (
 test("binary failure emits no success event", async () => {
   const { published, publisher } = capture()
   await Effect.runPromise(publisher.publish(call))
-  await Effect.runPromise(publisher.failTool(call.id, { type: "tool.execution", message: "Cannot read binary file" }))
+  await Effect.runPromise(
+    publisher.failTool(call.id, { type: "tool.execution", message: "Cannot read binary file" }),
+  )
   expect(published.some((event) => event.type === "session.tool.success.2")).toBe(false)
   expect(published.some((event) => event.type === "session.tool.failed.2")).toBe(true)
 })

packages/core/test/session-runner-tool-registry.test.ts

@@ -3,12 +3,10 @@ import { Agent } from "@opencode-ai/core/agent"
 import type { Permission } from "@opencode-ai/core/permission"
 import { AppNodeBuilder } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/app-node-builder"
 import { Image } from "@opencode-ai/core/image"
-import { PluginHooks } from "@opencode-ai/core/plugin/hooks"
 import { Session } from "@opencode-ai/core/session"
 import { SessionMessage } from "@opencode-ai/core/session/message"
 import { Tool } from "@opencode-ai/core/tool"
 import type { Info } from "@opencode-ai/schema/tool"
-import { LayerNode } from "@opencode-ai/util/effect/layer-node"
 import { executeTool, toolDefinitions } from "./lib/tool"
 import { Cause, Deferred, Effect, Exit, Fiber, Layer, Option, Schema, SchemaGetter, SchemaIssue, Scope } from "effect"
 import { testEffect } from "./lib/effect"
@@ -28,14 +26,10 @@ const imageStore = Layer.mock(Image.Service, {
           maxBytes: 5,
         }),
       )
-    return Effect.succeed({
-      ...content,
-      content: Buffer.from(`${Buffer.from(content.content, "base64").toString()} normalized`).toString("base64"),
-      mime: "image/jpeg",
-    })
+    return Effect.succeed({ ...content, content: "bm9ybWFsaXplZA==", mime: "image/jpeg" })
   },
 })
-const registryLayer = AppNodeBuilder.build(LayerNode.group([Tool.node, PluginHooks.node]), [[Image.node, imageStore]])
+const registryLayer = AppNodeBuilder.build(Tool.node, [[Image.node, imageStore]])
 const it = testEffect(registryLayer)
 const identity = {
   agent: Agent.ID.make("build"),
@@ -350,7 +344,7 @@ describe("Tool", () => {
     }),
   )
 
-  it.effect("normalizes image tool output once and drops unresizable images", () =>
+  it.effect("normalizes image tool output at execution and drops unresizable images", () =>
     Effect.gen(function* () {
       const service = yield* Tool.Service
       yield* transform(service,
@@ -382,12 +376,7 @@ describe("Tool", () => {
 
       const execution = yield* executeTool(service, call("snapshot"))
       expect(execution.content).toEqual([
-        {
-          type: "file",
-          uri: "data:image/jpeg;base64,aW1hZ2Ugbm9ybWFsaXplZA==",
-          mime: "image/jpeg",
-          name: "frame.png",
-        },
+        { type: "file", uri: "data:image/jpeg;base64,bm9ybWFsaXplZA==", mime: "image/jpeg", name: "frame.png" },
         { type: "text", text: "snapshot" },
         { type: "text", text: "[1 image omitted: could not be decoded.]" },
         { type: "text", text: "[1 image omitted: could not be resized below the image size limit.]" },
@@ -395,34 +384,6 @@ describe("Tool", () => {
     }),
   )
 
-  it.effect("normalizes image content added by an after hook", () =>
-    Effect.gen(function* () {
-      const service = yield* Tool.Service
-      const hooks = yield* PluginHooks.Service
-      yield* transform(service, { hooked: constant("original") }, { codemode: false })
-      yield* hooks.register("tool", "execute.after", (event) =>
-        Effect.sync(() => {
-          if (event.status !== "completed") return
-          event.result = {
-            ...event.result,
-            content: [
-              { type: "file", uri: "data:image/png;base64,aW1hZ2U=", mime: "image/png", name: "hook.png" },
-            ],
-          }
-        }),
-      )
-
-      expect((yield* executeTool(service, call("hooked"))).content).toEqual([
-        {
-          type: "file",
-          uri: "data:image/jpeg;base64,aW1hZ2Ugbm9ybWFsaXplZA==",
-          mime: "image/jpeg",
-          name: "hook.png",
-        },
-      ])
-    }),
-  )
-
   it.effect("publishes progress metadata unchanged", () =>
     Effect.gen(function* () {
       const service = yield* Tool.Service

packages/core/test/session-runner.test.ts

@@ -558,15 +558,6 @@ const messageTexts = (request: LLMRequest, role: "user" | "system") =>
 const userTexts = (request: LLMRequest) => messageTexts(request, "user")
 const systemTexts = (request: LLMRequest) => messageTexts(request, "system")
 const messageRoles = (request: LLMRequest | undefined) => request?.messages.map((message) => message.role)
-const withoutItemIDs = (messages: LLMRequest["messages"]) =>
-  messages.map((message) => ({
-    role: message.role,
-    content: message.content.map((part) => {
-      if (!("itemId" in part)) return part
-      const { itemId: _itemId, ...content } = part
-      return content
-    }),
-  }))
 
 const recordedEventTypes = (id: Session.ID) =>
   Effect.gen(function* () {
@@ -865,8 +856,8 @@ describe("SessionRunnerLLM", () => {
       yield* Fiber.join(renamed)
 
       expect(requests).toHaveLength(5)
-      expect(withoutItemIDs(requests[2]!.messages)).toContainEqual(withoutItemIDs([Message.user("First prompt")])[0])
-      expect(withoutItemIDs(requests[4]!.messages)).toContainEqual(withoutItemIDs([Message.user("First prompt")])[0])
+      expect(requests[2]?.messages).toContainEqual(Message.user("First prompt"))
+      expect(requests[4]?.messages).toContainEqual(Message.user("First prompt"))
       expect((yield* session.get(sessionID)).title).toBe("Generated title")
     }),
   )
@@ -891,7 +882,7 @@ describe("SessionRunnerLLM", () => {
       // A hook-removed call fails independently and continues while step allowance remains.
       expect(requests).toHaveLength(2)
       expect(requests[0]?.system.map((part) => part.text)).toEqual(["Hooked system"])
-      expect(withoutItemIDs(requests[0]!.messages)).toEqual(withoutItemIDs([Message.user("Hooked message")]))
+      expect(requests[0]?.messages).toEqual([Message.user("Hooked message")])
       expect(requests[0]?.tools.map((tool) => tool.name)).not.toContain("echo")
       expect(requests[0]?.tools.map((tool) => tool.name)).not.toContain("unregistered")
       expect(executions).toEqual([])
@@ -1316,14 +1307,12 @@ describe("SessionRunnerLLM", () => {
       systemBaseline = "Changed context"
       yield* runPrompt(session, "Second")
 
-      const firstSnapshot = PromptCacheDiagnostics.snapshot(requests[0]!)
-      const secondSnapshot = PromptCacheDiagnostics.snapshot(requests[1]!)
-      expect(PromptCacheDiagnostics.compare(firstSnapshot, secondSnapshot)).toEqual({
-        status: "append-only",
-        previousMessages: 1,
-        currentMessages: 3,
-      })
-      expect(secondSnapshot.messages[0]).toEqual(firstSnapshot.messages[0])
+      expect(
+        PromptCacheDiagnostics.compare(
+          PromptCacheDiagnostics.snapshot(requests[0]),
+          PromptCacheDiagnostics.snapshot(requests[1]),
+        ),
+      ).toEqual({ status: "append-only", previousMessages: 1, currentMessages: 3 })
       expect(requests.map((request) => request.system.map((part) => part.text))).toEqual([
         [defaultSystem, "Initial context"],
         [defaultSystem, "Initial context"],
@@ -2543,24 +2532,9 @@ describe("SessionRunnerLLM", () => {
         {
           type: "reasoning",
           text: "Encrypted thought",
-          itemId: "rs_1",
           providerMetadata: { openai: { itemId: "rs_1", reasoningEncryptedContent: "encrypted-state" } },
         },
       ])
-
-      yield* admit(session, "Continue again")
-      yield* TestLLM.push([])
-      yield* session.resume(sessionID)
-
-      expect(requests[2]?.messages[1]?.content.map((part) => ("itemId" in part ? part.itemId : undefined))).toEqual(
-        requests[1]?.messages[1]?.content.map((part) => ("itemId" in part ? part.itemId : undefined)),
-      )
-      expect(
-        PromptCacheDiagnostics.compare(
-          PromptCacheDiagnostics.snapshot(requests[1]!),
-          PromptCacheDiagnostics.snapshot(requests[2]!),
-        ),
-      ).toEqual({ status: "append-only", previousMessages: 3, currentMessages: 4 })
     }),
   )
 
@@ -2639,7 +2613,6 @@ describe("SessionRunnerLLM", () => {
         {
           type: "tool-call",
           id: "hosted-search",
-          itemId: "hosted-search",
           name: "web_search",
           input: { query: "Effect" },
           providerExecuted: true,

packages/core/test/skill.test.ts

@@ -6,10 +6,11 @@ import { Agent } from "@opencode-ai/core/agent"
 import { AppNodeBuilder } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/app-node-builder"
 import { LayerNode } from "@opencode-ai/util/effect/layer-node"
 import { Bus } from "@opencode-ai/core/bus"
+import { FSUtil } from "@opencode-ai/util/fs-util"
 import { AbsolutePath } from "@opencode-ai/core/schema"
 import { Skill } from "@opencode-ai/core/skill"
 import { SkillDiscovery } from "@opencode-ai/core/skill/discovery"
-import { Watcher } from "@opencode-ai/core/filesystem/watcher"
+import { FileSystem } from "@opencode-ai/schema/filesystem"
 import { tmpdir } from "./fixture/tmpdir"
 import { testEffect } from "./lib/effect"
 
@@ -24,15 +25,8 @@ const discovery = Layer.succeed(
     },
   }),
 )
-const watcherLayer = Watcher.testLayer
 const it = testEffect(
-  Layer.mergeAll(
-    AppNodeBuilder.build(LayerNode.group([Skill.node, Agent.node, Bus.node]), [
-      [SkillDiscovery.node, discovery],
-      [Watcher.node, watcherLayer],
-    ]),
-    watcherLayer,
-  ),
+  AppNodeBuilder.build(LayerNode.group([Skill.node, Agent.node, Bus.node]), [[SkillDiscovery.node, discovery]]),
 )
 
 function write(directory: string, name: string, description: string) {
@@ -59,24 +53,6 @@ function waitForSkillUpdate() {
   })
 }
 
-function expectSubscription(check: (input: Watcher.WatchInput) => boolean) {
-  return Effect.gen(function* () {
-    const watcher = yield* Watcher.Test
-    expect((yield* watcher.subscriptions()).some(check)).toBe(true)
-  })
-}
-
-function emitAndWait(update: Watcher.Update) {
-  return Effect.gen(function* () {
-    const watcher = yield* Watcher.Test
-    yield* Effect.acquireUseRelease(
-      waitForSkillUpdate(),
-      ({ deferred }) => watcher.emit(update).pipe(Effect.andThen(Deferred.await(deferred)), Effect.timeout("1 second")),
-      ({ fiber }) => Fiber.interrupt(fiber),
-    )
-  })
-}
-
 describe("Skill", () => {
   it.live("publishes updates when skill sources change", () =>
     Effect.gen(function* () {
@@ -113,7 +89,6 @@ describe("Skill", () => {
           })
 
           const skill = yield* Skill.Service
-          const watcher = yield* Watcher.Test
           yield* skill.transform((editor) => {
             editor.source({ type: "directory", path: AbsolutePath.make(first) })
             editor.source({ type: "directory", path: AbsolutePath.make(first) })
@@ -144,21 +119,6 @@ describe("Skill", () => {
               content: "# review",
             },
           ])
-          expect(yield* watcher.subscriptions()).toEqual([
-            { path: first, type: "directory" },
-            { path: second, type: "directory" },
-          ])
-
-          yield* Effect.promise(() => write(second, "review", "Updated Second"))
-          yield* emitAndWait({ type: "update", path: path.join(second, "review", "SKILL.md") })
-
-          expect((yield* skill.list()).find((item) => item.id === "review")?.description).toBe("Updated Second")
-          expect(yield* watcher.subscriptions()).toEqual([
-            { path: first, type: "directory" },
-            { path: second, type: "directory" },
-            { path: first, type: "directory" },
-            { path: second, type: "directory" },
-          ])
         }),
       ),
     ),
@@ -238,7 +198,7 @@ metadata:
     ),
   )
 
-  it.live("clears cached skills when sources reload", () =>
+  it.live("invalidates cached skills and publishes updates for watcher changes", () =>
     Effect.acquireRelease(
       Effect.promise(() => tmpdir()),
       (tmp) => Effect.promise(() => tmp[Symbol.asyncDispose]()),
@@ -250,187 +210,26 @@ metadata:
             await write(tmp.path, "deploy", "Initial deploy")
           })
 
-          const skill = yield* Skill.Service
-          const watcher = yield* Watcher.Test
           const bus = yield* Bus.Service
-          yield* skill.transform((editor) => editor.source({ type: "directory", path: AbsolutePath.make(tmp.path) }))
-          expect((yield* skill.list()).find((item) => item.id === "deploy")?.description).toBe("Initial deploy")
-          expect(yield* watcher.subscriptions()).toEqual([{ path: tmp.path, type: "directory" }])
-
-          let refreshed: Skill.Info[] = []
-          const unsubscribe = yield* bus.listen((event) => {
-            if (event.type !== Skill.Event.Updated.type) return Effect.void
-            return skill.list().pipe(
-              Effect.tap((items) => Effect.sync(() => (refreshed = items))),
-              Effect.asVoid,
-            )
-          })
-
-          yield* Effect.promise(() => write(tmp.path, "deploy", "Updated deploy"))
-          yield* skill.reload().pipe(Effect.timeout("1 second"))
-          yield* unsubscribe
-
-          expect(refreshed.find((item) => item.id === "deploy")?.description).toBe("Updated deploy")
-          expect(yield* watcher.subscriptions()).toEqual([
-            { path: tmp.path, type: "directory" },
-            { path: tmp.path, type: "directory" },
-          ])
-        }),
-      ),
-    ),
-  )
-
-  it.live("reloads project sources created after their missing parent", () =>
-    Effect.acquireRelease(
-      Effect.promise(() => tmpdir()),
-      (tmp) => Effect.promise(() => tmp[Symbol.asyncDispose]()),
-    ).pipe(
-      Effect.flatMap((tmp) =>
-        Effect.gen(function* () {
-          const source = path.join(tmp.path, "generated", "skills")
-          const file = path.join(source, "deploy", "SKILL.md")
-          const skill = yield* Skill.Service
-          const watcher = yield* Watcher.Test
-          yield* skill.transform((editor) => editor.source({ type: "directory", path: AbsolutePath.make(source) }))
-          expect(yield* skill.list()).toEqual([])
-          expect(yield* watcher.subscriptions()).toEqual([{ path: path.join(tmp.path, "generated"), type: "file" }])
-
-          yield* Effect.promise(() => fs.mkdir(path.join(tmp.path, "generated")))
-          yield* emitAndWait({ type: "create", path: path.join(tmp.path, "generated") })
-          expect(yield* skill.list()).toEqual([])
-          expect(yield* watcher.subscriptions()).toEqual([
-            { path: path.join(tmp.path, "generated"), type: "file" },
-            { path: source, type: "file" },
-          ])
-
-          yield* Effect.promise(async () => {
-            await fs.mkdir(path.dirname(file), { recursive: true })
-            await write(source, "deploy", "Deploy production")
-          })
-          yield* emitAndWait({ type: "create", path: source })
-
-          expect((yield* skill.list()).map((item) => item.id)).toEqual([Skill.ID.make("deploy")])
-          expect(yield* watcher.subscriptions()).toEqual([
-            { path: path.join(tmp.path, "generated"), type: "file" },
-            { path: source, type: "file" },
-            { path: source, type: "directory" },
-          ])
-        }),
-      ),
-    ),
-  )
-
-  it.live("watches directory sources for added and changed skills", () =>
-    Effect.acquireRelease(
-      Effect.promise(() => tmpdir()),
-      (tmp) => Effect.promise(() => tmp[Symbol.asyncDispose]()),
-    ).pipe(
-      Effect.flatMap((tmp) =>
-        Effect.gen(function* () {
-          yield* Effect.promise(async () => {
-            await fs.mkdir(path.join(tmp.path, "deploy"), { recursive: true })
-            await write(tmp.path, "deploy", "Initial deploy")
-          })
-
           const skill = yield* Skill.Service
           yield* skill.transform((editor) => editor.source({ type: "directory", path: AbsolutePath.make(tmp.path) }))
-          expect((yield* skill.list()).map((item) => item.id)).toEqual([Skill.ID.make("deploy")])
-          yield* expectSubscription((input) => input.type === "directory" && input.path === tmp.path)
 
-          const deploy = path.join(tmp.path, "deploy", "SKILL.md")
+          expect((yield* skill.list()).find((item) => item.name === "deploy")?.description).toBe("Initial deploy")
+
+          const file = path.join(tmp.path, "deploy", "SKILL.md")
           yield* Effect.promise(() => write(tmp.path, "deploy", "Updated deploy"))
-          yield* emitAndWait({ type: "update", path: deploy })
-          expect((yield* skill.list()).find((item) => item.id === "deploy")?.description).toBe("Updated deploy")
+          expect((yield* skill.list()).find((item) => item.name === "deploy")?.description).toBe("Initial deploy")
 
-          yield* Effect.promise(async () => {
-            await fs.mkdir(path.join(tmp.path, "review"), { recursive: true })
-            await write(tmp.path, "review", "Review changes")
-          })
-          const review = path.join(tmp.path, "review", "SKILL.md")
-          yield* emitAndWait({ type: "create", path: review })
-          expect((yield* skill.list()).map((item) => item.id)).toEqual([
-            Skill.ID.make("deploy"),
-            Skill.ID.make("review"),
-          ])
+          yield* Effect.acquireUseRelease(
+            waitForSkillUpdate(),
+            ({ deferred }) =>
+              bus
+                .publish(FileSystem.Event.Changed, { file, event: "change" })
+                .pipe(Effect.andThen(Deferred.await(deferred)), Effect.timeout("1 second")),
+            ({ fiber }) => Fiber.interrupt(fiber),
+          )
 
-          yield* Effect.promise(() => fs.rm(path.join(tmp.path, "review"), { recursive: true }))
-          yield* emitAndWait({ type: "delete", path: review })
-          expect((yield* skill.list()).map((item) => item.id)).toEqual([Skill.ID.make("deploy")])
-        }),
-      ),
-    ),
-  )
-
-  it.live("watches canonical directories behind symlinked skills", () =>
-    Effect.acquireRelease(
-      Effect.promise(() => tmpdir()),
-      (tmp) => Effect.promise(() => tmp[Symbol.asyncDispose]()),
-    ).pipe(
-      Effect.flatMap((tmp) =>
-        Effect.gen(function* () {
-          const source = path.join(tmp.path, "source")
-          const target = path.join(tmp.path, "target", "bro")
-          const file = path.join(target, "SKILL.md")
-          yield* Effect.promise(async () => {
-            await fs.mkdir(source, { recursive: true })
-            await fs.mkdir(target, { recursive: true })
-            await fs.writeFile(file, "---\nname: bro\ndescription: Initial\n---\n# bro")
-            await fs.symlink(target, path.join(source, "bro"))
-          })
-
-          const skill = yield* Skill.Service
-          yield* skill.transform((editor) => editor.source({ type: "directory", path: AbsolutePath.make(source) }))
-          expect((yield* skill.list()).find((item) => item.id === "bro")?.description).toBe("Initial")
-          yield* expectSubscription((input) => input.type === "directory" && input.path === target)
-
-          yield* Effect.promise(() => fs.writeFile(file, "---\nname: bro\ndescription: Updated\n---\n# bro"))
-          yield* emitAndWait({ type: "update", path: file })
-          expect((yield* skill.list()).find((item) => item.id === "bro")?.description).toBe("Updated")
-        }),
-      ),
-    ),
-  )
-
-  it.live("invalidates symlinked sources when their target changes", () =>
-    Effect.acquireRelease(
-      Effect.promise(() => tmpdir()),
-      (tmp) => Effect.promise(() => tmp[Symbol.asyncDispose]()),
-    ).pipe(
-      Effect.flatMap((tmp) =>
-        Effect.gen(function* () {
-          const source = path.join(tmp.path, "source")
-          const first = path.join(tmp.path, "first")
-          const second = path.join(tmp.path, "second")
-          yield* Effect.promise(async () => {
-            await fs.mkdir(path.join(first, "bro"), { recursive: true })
-            await fs.mkdir(path.join(second, "bro"), { recursive: true })
-            await write(first, "bro", "First")
-            await write(second, "bro", "Second")
-            await fs.symlink(first, source)
-          })
-
-          const skill = yield* Skill.Service
-          const watcher = yield* Watcher.Test
-          yield* skill.transform((editor) => editor.source({ type: "directory", path: AbsolutePath.make(source) }))
-          expect((yield* skill.list()).find((item) => item.id === "bro")?.description).toBe("First")
-          expect(yield* watcher.subscriptions()).toEqual([
-            { path: first, type: "directory" },
-            { path: source, type: "file" },
-          ])
-
-          yield* Effect.promise(async () => {
-            await fs.unlink(source)
-            await fs.symlink(second, source)
-          })
-          yield* emitAndWait({ type: "update", path: source })
-
-          expect((yield* skill.list()).find((item) => item.id === "bro")?.description).toBe("Second")
-          expect(yield* watcher.subscriptions()).toEqual([
-            { path: first, type: "directory" },
-            { path: source, type: "file" },
-            { path: second, type: "directory" },
-            { path: source, type: "file" },
-          ])
+          expect((yield* skill.list()).find((item) => item.name === "deploy")?.description).toBe("Updated deploy")
         }),
       ),
     ),

packages/core/test/tool-edit.test.ts

@@ -4,9 +4,9 @@ import { describe, expect } from "bun:test"
 import { Effect, Layer } from "effect"
 import { AppNodeBuilder } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/app-node-builder"
 import { LayerNode } from "@opencode-ai/util/effect/layer-node"
-import { Environment } from "@opencode-ai/core/environment"
 import { FileMutation } from "@opencode-ai/core/file-mutation"
 import { Formatter } from "@opencode-ai/core/formatter"
+import { FSUtil } from "@opencode-ai/util/fs-util"
 import { Location } from "@opencode-ai/core/location"
 import { LocationMutation } from "@opencode-ai/core/location-mutation"
 import { Permission } from "@opencode-ai/core/permission"
@@ -23,15 +23,7 @@ import { toolIdentity, executeTool, registerToolPlugin, toolDefinitions } from "
 const editToolNode = makeLocationNode({
   name: "test/edit-tool-plugin",
   layer: Layer.effectDiscard(registerToolPlugin(EditTool.Plugin)),
-  deps: [
-    Tool.node,
-    LocationMutation.node,
-    FileMutation.node,
-    Environment.node,
-    Formatter.node,
-    Location.node,
-    Permission.node,
-  ],
+  deps: [Tool.node, LocationMutation.node, FileMutation.node, Formatter.node, FSUtil.node, Permission.node],
 })
 
 const sessionID = Session.ID.make("ses_edit_tool_test")
@@ -80,28 +72,29 @@ const reset = () => {
   formatFile = () => Effect.succeed(false)
 }
 
-const environment = Layer.effect(
-  Environment.Service,
+const filesystem = Layer.effect(
+  FSUtil.Service,
   Effect.gen(function* () {
-    const current = yield* Environment.Service
-    return Environment.Service.of({
-      ...current,
-      files: {
-        ...current.files,
-        read: (target, range) =>
-          current.files
-            .read(target, range)
-            .pipe(
-              Effect.tap((result) =>
-                Effect.sync(() => reads++).pipe(Effect.andThen(Effect.suspend(() => afterRead(target, result.bytes)))),
-              ),
+    const fs = yield* FSUtil.Service
+    return FSUtil.Service.of({
+      ...fs,
+      readFile: (target) =>
+        fs
+          .readFile(target)
+          .pipe(
+            Effect.tap((content) =>
+              Effect.sync(() => reads++).pipe(Effect.andThen(Effect.suspend(() => afterRead(target, content)))),
             ),
-        write: (target, content) =>
-          Effect.sync(() => writes.push(target)).pipe(Effect.andThen(current.files.write(target, content))),
-      },
+          ),
+      writeWithDirs: (target, content, mode) =>
+        Effect.sync(() => writes.push(target)).pipe(Effect.andThen(fs.writeWithDirs(target, content, mode))),
+      writeFile: (target, content, options) =>
+        Effect.sync(() => writes.push(target)).pipe(Effect.andThen(fs.writeFile(target, content, options))),
+      writeFileString: (target, content, options) =>
+        Effect.sync(() => writes.push(target)).pipe(Effect.andThen(fs.writeFileString(target, content, options))),
     })
   }),
-).pipe(Layer.provide(LayerNode.compile(Environment.node)))
+).pipe(Layer.provide(LayerNode.compile(FSUtil.node)))
 
 const withTool = <A, E, R>(directory: string, body: (registry: Tool.Interface) => Effect.Effect<A, E, R>) => {
   const activeLocation = Layer.succeed(
@@ -113,9 +106,15 @@ const withTool = <A, E, R>(directory: string, body: (registry: Tool.Interface) =
   }).pipe(
     Effect.provide(
       AppNodeBuilder.build(
-        LayerNode.group([Tool.node, Tool.node, LocationMutation.node, FileMutation.node, editToolNode]),
+        LayerNode.group([
+          Tool.node,
+          Tool.node,
+          LocationMutation.node,
+          FileMutation.node,
+          editToolNode,
+        ]),
         [
-          [Environment.node, environment],
+          [FSUtil.node, filesystem],
           [Location.node, activeLocation],
           [Formatter.node, formatter],
           [Permission.node, permission],
@@ -472,7 +471,10 @@ describe("EditTool", () => {
             withTool(tmp.path, (registry) =>
               Effect.gen(function* () {
                 expect(
-                  yield* executeTool(registry, call({ path: "missing.ts", oldString: "before", newString: "after" })),
+                  yield* executeTool(
+                    registry,
+                    call({ path: "missing.ts", oldString: "before", newString: "after" }),
+                  ),
                 ).toEqual({
                   status: "error",
                   error: { type: "tool.execution", message: "File not found: missing.ts" },
@@ -643,43 +645,6 @@ describe("EditTool", () => {
     ),
   )
 
-  it.live("serializes concurrent edit transactions", () =>
-    Effect.acquireUseRelease(
-      Effect.promise(() => tmpdir()),
-      (tmp) => {
-        reset()
-        const target = path.join(tmp.path, "concurrent.txt")
-        afterRead = () => (reads === 1 ? Effect.sleep("50 millis") : Effect.void)
-        return Effect.promise(() => fs.writeFile(target, "one\ntwo\n")).pipe(
-          Effect.andThen(
-            withTool(tmp.path, (registry) =>
-              Effect.all(
-                [
-                  executeTool(
-                    registry,
-                    call({ path: "concurrent.txt", oldString: "one", newString: "ONE" }, "call-edit-one"),
-                  ),
-                  executeTool(
-                    registry,
-                    call({ path: "concurrent.txt", oldString: "two", newString: "TWO" }, "call-edit-two"),
-                  ),
-                ],
-                { concurrency: "unbounded" },
-              ),
-            ),
-          ),
-          Effect.andThen((results) =>
-            Effect.gen(function* () {
-              expect(results.map((result) => result.status)).toEqual(["completed", "completed"])
-              expect(yield* Effect.promise(() => fs.readFile(target, "utf8"))).toBe("ONE\nTWO\n")
-            }),
-          ),
-        )
-      },
-      (tmp) => Effect.promise(() => tmp[Symbol.asyncDispose]()),
-    ),
-  )
-
   it.live("applies the edit when content changes after matching", () =>
     Effect.acquireUseRelease(
       Effect.promise(() => tmpdir()),

packages/core/test/tool-patch.test.ts

@@ -2,12 +2,11 @@ import fs from "fs/promises"
 import path from "path"
 import { describe, expect } from "bun:test"
 import { Effect, Exit, Layer, Schema } from "effect"
+import { systemError } from "effect/PlatformError"
 import { AppNodeBuilder } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/app-node-builder"
 import { LayerNode } from "@opencode-ai/util/effect/layer-node"
-import { Environment } from "@opencode-ai/core/environment"
 import { FSUtil } from "@opencode-ai/util/fs-util"
 import { Formatter } from "@opencode-ai/core/formatter"
-import { FileMutation } from "@opencode-ai/core/file-mutation"
 import { Location } from "@opencode-ai/core/location"
 import { Permission } from "@opencode-ai/core/permission"
 import { AbsolutePath } from "@opencode-ai/core/schema"
@@ -23,7 +22,7 @@ import { toolIdentity, executeTool, registerToolPlugin, toolDefinitions } from "
 const patchToolNode = makeLocationNode({
   name: "test/patch-tool-plugin",
   layer: Layer.effectDiscard(registerToolPlugin(PatchTool.Plugin)),
-  deps: [Tool.node, FileMutation.node, Environment.node, Formatter.node, Location.node, Permission.node],
+  deps: [Tool.node, Formatter.node, FSUtil.node, Location.node, Permission.node],
 })
 
 const sessionID = Session.ID.make("ses_patch_tool_test")
@@ -82,33 +81,48 @@ const reset = () => {
   formatFile = () => Effect.succeed(false)
 }
 
-const environment = Layer.effect(
-  Environment.Service,
+const filesystem = Layer.effect(
+  FSUtil.Service,
   Effect.gen(function* () {
-    const current = yield* Environment.Service
-    return Environment.Service.of({
-      ...current,
-      files: {
-        ...current.files,
-        read: (target, range) =>
-          Effect.sync(() => {
-            if (!editApproved) readsBeforeEditApproval++
-          }).pipe(Effect.andThen(current.files.read(target, range))),
-        remove: (target) => {
-          if (failRemoveTarget && path.basename(target) === failRemoveTarget) return Effect.die("forced remove failure")
-          if (failRemoveErrorTarget && path.basename(target) === failRemoveErrorTarget)
-            return Effect.fail(new Environment.Failed({ path: target, cause: new Error("forced remove failure") }))
-          return current.files.remove(target)
-        },
-        write: (target, content) => {
-          if (failWriteTarget && path.basename(target) === failWriteTarget)
-            return Effect.fail(new Environment.Failed({ path: target, cause: new Error("forced write failure") }))
-          return current.files.write(target, content)
-        },
+    const fs = yield* FSUtil.Service
+    return FSUtil.Service.of({
+      ...fs,
+      readFile: (target) =>
+        Effect.sync(() => {
+          if (!editApproved) readsBeforeEditApproval++
+        }).pipe(Effect.andThen(fs.readFile(target))),
+      remove: (target, options) => {
+        if (failRemoveTarget && path.basename(target) === failRemoveTarget) return Effect.die("forced remove failure")
+        if (failRemoveErrorTarget && path.basename(target) === failRemoveErrorTarget) {
+          return Effect.fail(
+            systemError({
+              _tag: "Unknown",
+              module: "FileSystem",
+              method: "remove",
+              description: "forced remove failure",
+              pathOrDescriptor: target,
+            }),
+          )
+        }
+        return fs.remove(target, options)
+      },
+      writeWithDirs: (target, content, mode) => {
+        if (failWriteTarget && path.basename(target) === failWriteTarget) {
+          return Effect.fail(
+            systemError({
+              _tag: "Unknown",
+              module: "FileSystem",
+              method: "writeWithDirs",
+              description: "forced write failure",
+              pathOrDescriptor: target,
+            }),
+          )
+        }
+        return fs.writeWithDirs(target, content, mode)
       },
     })
   }),
-).pipe(Layer.provide(LayerNode.compile(Environment.node)))
+).pipe(Layer.provide(LayerNode.compile(FSUtil.node)))
 
 const withTool = <A, E, R>(
   directory: string,
@@ -125,8 +139,8 @@ const withTool = <A, E, R>(
     return yield* body(yield* Tool.Service)
   }).pipe(
     Effect.provide(
-      AppNodeBuilder.build(LayerNode.group([Tool.node, FileMutation.node, patchToolNode]), [
-        [Environment.node, environment],
+      AppNodeBuilder.build(LayerNode.group([Tool.node, patchToolNode]), [
+        [FSUtil.node, filesystem],
         [Location.node, activeLocation],
         [Formatter.node, formatter],
         [Permission.node, permission],
@@ -248,43 +262,6 @@ describe("PatchTool", () => {
     ),
   )
 
-  it.live("serializes concurrent patch transactions", () =>
-    withTempTool((directory, registry) => {
-      const target = path.join(directory, "concurrent.txt")
-      afterEditApproval = () =>
-        assertions.filter((input) => input.action === "edit").length === 1 ? Effect.sleep("50 millis") : Effect.void
-      return Effect.promise(() => fs.writeFile(target, "one\ntwo\n")).pipe(
-        Effect.andThen(
-          Effect.all(
-            [
-              executeTool(
-                registry,
-                call(
-                  "*** Begin Patch\n*** Update File: concurrent.txt\n@@\n-one\n+ONE\n*** End Patch",
-                  "call-patch-one",
-                ),
-              ),
-              executeTool(
-                registry,
-                call(
-                  "*** Begin Patch\n*** Update File: concurrent.txt\n@@\n-two\n+TWO\n*** End Patch",
-                  "call-patch-two",
-                ),
-              ),
-            ],
-            { concurrency: "unbounded" },
-          ),
-        ),
-        Effect.andThen((results) =>
-          Effect.gen(function* () {
-            expect(results.map((result) => result.status)).toEqual(["completed", "completed"])
-            expect(yield* Effect.promise(() => fs.readFile(target, "utf8"))).toBe("ONE\nTWO\n")
-          }),
-        ),
-      )
-    }),
-  )
-
   it.live("returns file diffs for final formatted content", () =>
     withTempTool((directory, registry) => {
       const target = path.join(directory, "formatted.txt")

packages/core/test/tool-read-filesystem.test.ts

@@ -1,65 +1,66 @@
 import { describe, expect } from "bun:test"
 import fs from "fs/promises"
 import path from "path"
-import { Environment } from "@opencode-ai/core/environment"
-import { AbsolutePath } from "@opencode-ai/core/schema"
-import { ReadToolFileSystem } from "@opencode-ai/core/tool/read-filesystem"
-import { CrossSpawnSpawner } from "@opencode-ai/util/cross-spawn-spawner"
+import { Effect, FileSystem } from "effect"
 import { LayerNodePlatform } from "@opencode-ai/util/effect/app-node-platform"
 import { LayerNode } from "@opencode-ai/util/effect/layer-node"
-import { Effect, FileSystem } from "effect"
-import { ChildProcessSpawner } from "effect/unstable/process"
+import { FSUtil } from "@opencode-ai/util/fs-util"
+import { ReadToolFileSystem } from "@opencode-ai/core/tool/read-filesystem"
 import { testEffect } from "./lib/effect"
 
-const it = testEffect(LayerNode.compile(LayerNode.group([CrossSpawnSpawner.node, LayerNodePlatform.filesystem])))
+const it = testEffect(LayerNode.compile(LayerNode.group([FSUtil.node, LayerNodePlatform.filesystem])))
 const fixture = Effect.gen(function* () {
+  const fs = yield* FSUtil.Service
   const files = yield* FileSystem.FileSystem
-  const spawner = yield* ChildProcessSpawner.ChildProcessSpawner
   const directory = yield* files.makeTempDirectoryScoped()
-  return { environment: Environment.makeFiles(Environment.makeLocalDriver(spawner)), files, directory }
+  return { fs, files, directory }
 })
-const absolute = (value: string) => AbsolutePath.make(value)
 
 describe("ReadToolFileSystem", () => {
-  it.effect("preserves the environment not-found error", () =>
+  it.effect("fails with a typed filesystem error when a resolved file disappears", () =>
     Effect.gen(function* () {
-      const { environment, directory } = yield* fixture
+      const { fs, directory } = yield* fixture
       const file = path.join(directory, "missing.txt")
 
-      const error = yield* ReadToolFileSystem.read(environment, absolute(file), "missing.txt").pipe(Effect.flip)
+      const error = yield* ReadToolFileSystem.read(fs, file, "missing.txt").pipe(Effect.flip)
 
-      expect(error).toBeInstanceOf(Environment.NotFound)
+      expect(error).toMatchObject({ _tag: "PlatformError" })
     }),
   )
 
-  it.effect("returns a listing when read reports a directory", () =>
+  it.effect("fails when a file becomes the wrong path kind", () =>
     Effect.gen(function* () {
-      const { environment, files, directory } = yield* fixture
-      yield* files.makeDirectory(path.join(directory, "folder"))
-      yield* files.writeFileString(path.join(directory, "file.txt"), "hello")
+      const { fs, directory } = yield* fixture
 
-      const result = yield* ReadToolFileSystem.read(environment, absolute(directory), "folder")
+      const error = yield* ReadToolFileSystem.read(fs, directory, "folder").pipe(Effect.flip)
 
-      expect(result).toMatchObject({
-        type: "list-page",
-        entries: [
-          { path: `folder${path.sep}`, type: "directory" },
-          { path: "file.txt", type: "file" },
-        ],
-      })
+      expect(error).toBeInstanceOf(ReadToolFileSystem.PathKindError)
+    }),
+  )
+
+  it.effect("fails with a typed filesystem error when directory listing fails", () =>
+    Effect.gen(function* () {
+      const { fs, files, directory } = yield* fixture
+      const file = path.join(directory, "file.txt")
+      yield* files.writeFileString(file, "hello")
+
+      const error = yield* ReadToolFileSystem.list(fs, file).pipe(Effect.flip)
+
+      expect(error).toBeInstanceOf(FSUtil.FileSystemError)
+      if (error instanceof FSUtil.FileSystemError) expect(error.method).toBe("readDirectoryEntries")
     }),
   )
 
   it.effect("reads malformed UTF-8 lossily and still rejects null-byte binary content", () =>
     Effect.gen(function* () {
-      const { environment, files, directory } = yield* fixture
+      const { fs, files, directory } = yield* fixture
       const binary = path.join(directory, "archive.dat")
       const malformed = path.join(directory, "malformed.txt")
       yield* files.writeFile(binary, Uint8Array.of(0, 1, 2, 3))
       yield* files.writeFile(malformed, Uint8Array.of(0x68, 0x69, 0x80))
 
-      const binaryError = yield* ReadToolFileSystem.read(environment, absolute(binary), "archive.dat").pipe(Effect.flip)
-      const malformedResult = yield* ReadToolFileSystem.read(environment, absolute(malformed), "malformed.txt")
+      const binaryError = yield* ReadToolFileSystem.read(fs, binary, "archive.dat").pipe(Effect.flip)
+      const malformedResult = yield* ReadToolFileSystem.read(fs, malformed, "malformed.txt")
 
       expect(binaryError).toBeInstanceOf(ReadToolFileSystem.BinaryFileError)
       expect(binaryError.message).toBe("Cannot read binary file: archive.dat")
@@ -69,11 +70,11 @@ describe("ReadToolFileSystem", () => {
 
   it.effect("reads text despite a binary-associated extension", () =>
     Effect.gen(function* () {
-      const { environment, files, directory } = yield* fixture
+      const { fs, files, directory } = yield* fixture
       const file = path.join(directory, "notes.docx")
       yield* files.writeFileString(file, "plain text")
 
-      const result = yield* ReadToolFileSystem.read(environment, absolute(file), "notes.docx")
+      const result = yield* ReadToolFileSystem.read(fs, file, "notes.docx")
 
       expect(result).toMatchObject({ type: "file", content: "plain text", encoding: "utf8" })
     }),
@@ -82,17 +83,15 @@ describe("ReadToolFileSystem", () => {
   it.effect("lists unresolved symlinks, including broken and escaping links", () =>
     Effect.gen(function* () {
       if (process.platform === "win32") return
-      const { environment, files, directory } = yield* fixture
+      const { fs: service, files, directory } = yield* fixture
       const outside = yield* files.makeTempDirectoryScoped()
       yield* files.makeDirectory(path.join(directory, "folder"))
       yield* files.writeFileString(path.join(directory, "file.txt"), "hello")
       yield* Effect.promise(() => fs.symlink(path.join(outside, "target.txt"), path.join(directory, "escape")))
       yield* Effect.promise(() => fs.symlink(path.join(directory, "missing.txt"), path.join(directory, "broken")))
 
-      const result = yield* ReadToolFileSystem.read(environment, absolute(directory), "folder")
+      const result = yield* ReadToolFileSystem.list(service, directory)
 
-      expect(result.type).toBe("list-page")
-      if (result.type !== "list-page") return
       expect(result.entries.map((entry) => ({ ...entry, path: String(entry.path) }))).toEqual([
         { path: `folder${path.sep}`, type: "directory" },
         { path: "broken", type: "symlink" },
@@ -102,154 +101,45 @@ describe("ReadToolFileSystem", () => {
     }),
   )
 
-  it.effect("reads a symlinked directory as a listing", () =>
-    Effect.gen(function* () {
-      if (process.platform === "win32") return
-      const { environment, files, directory } = yield* fixture
-      const target = path.join(directory, "target")
-      const link = path.join(directory, "link")
-      yield* files.makeDirectory(target)
-      yield* files.writeFileString(path.join(target, "file.txt"), "hello")
-      yield* Effect.promise(() => fs.symlink(target, link))
-
-      const result = yield* ReadToolFileSystem.read(environment, absolute(link), "link")
-
-      expect(result).toMatchObject({
-        type: "list-page",
-        entries: [{ path: "file.txt", type: "file" }],
-      })
-    }),
-  )
-
   it.effect("reports out-of-range pagination as a typed error", () =>
     Effect.gen(function* () {
-      const { environment, files, directory } = yield* fixture
+      const { fs, files, directory } = yield* fixture
       const file = path.join(directory, "short.txt")
       yield* files.writeFileString(file, "one\n")
 
-      const error = yield* ReadToolFileSystem.read(environment, absolute(file), "short.txt", { offset: 2 }).pipe(
-        Effect.flip,
-      )
+      const error = yield* ReadToolFileSystem.read(fs, file, "short.txt", { offset: 2 }).pipe(Effect.flip)
 
       expect(error).toBeInstanceOf(ReadToolFileSystem.OffsetOutOfRangeError)
       expect(error.message).toBe("Offset 2 is out of range")
     }),
   )
 
-  it.effect("pages text with one-based offsets", () =>
+  it.effect("stops reading after the requested page is complete", () =>
     Effect.gen(function* () {
-      const { environment, files, directory } = yield* fixture
-      const file = path.join(directory, "lines.txt")
-      yield* files.writeFileString(file, "one\r\ntwo\nthree")
+      const { fs, files, directory } = yield* fixture
+      const prefix = new TextEncoder().encode("one\n")
+      for (const [name, trailing] of [
+        ["malformed.txt", 0x80],
+        ["nul.txt", 0],
+      ] as const) {
+        const file = path.join(directory, name)
+        yield* files.writeFile(file, Uint8Array.from([...prefix, trailing]))
 
-      const result = yield* ReadToolFileSystem.read(environment, absolute(file), "lines.txt", {
-        offset: 2,
-        limit: 1,
-      })
+        const result = yield* ReadToolFileSystem.read(fs, file, name, { limit: 1 })
 
-      expect(result).toMatchObject({ type: "text-page", content: "two", offset: 2, truncated: true, next: 3 })
-    }),
-  )
-
-  it.effect("truncates long lines", () =>
-    Effect.gen(function* () {
-      const { environment, files, directory } = yield* fixture
-      const file = path.join(directory, "long.txt")
-      yield* files.writeFileString(file, "a".repeat(2_001))
-
-      const result = yield* ReadToolFileSystem.read(environment, absolute(file), "long.txt", { limit: 1 })
-
-      expect(result).toMatchObject({
-        type: "text-page",
-        content: `${"a".repeat(2_000)}... (line truncated to 2000 chars)`,
-        truncated: false,
-      })
-    }),
-  )
-
-  it.effect("enforces line and byte budgets with continuation offsets", () =>
-    Effect.gen(function* () {
-      const { environment, files, directory } = yield* fixture
-      const linesFile = path.join(directory, "many-lines.txt")
-      const bytesFile = path.join(directory, "many-bytes.txt")
-      yield* files.writeFileString(linesFile, Array.from({ length: 2_001 }, (_, index) => String(index)).join("\n"))
-      yield* files.writeFileString(bytesFile, Array.from({ length: 200 }, () => "a".repeat(2_000)).join("\n"))
-      const ranges: Array<{ readonly offset: number; readonly length: number } | undefined> = []
-      const tracked = {
-        ...environment,
-        read: (path: string, range?: { readonly offset: number; readonly length: number }) =>
-          Effect.sync(() => ranges.push(range)).pipe(Effect.andThen(environment.read(path, range))),
+        expect(result).toMatchObject({ type: "text-page", content: "one", truncated: true, next: 2 })
       }
-
-      const lines = yield* ReadToolFileSystem.read(environment, absolute(linesFile), "many-lines.txt", { limit: 2_000 })
-      const bytes = yield* ReadToolFileSystem.read(tracked, absolute(bytesFile), "many-bytes.txt", {})
-
-      expect(lines).toMatchObject({ type: "text-page", truncated: true, next: 2_001 })
-      expect(lines.type === "text-page" ? lines.content.split("\n") : []).toHaveLength(2_000)
-      expect(bytes).toMatchObject({ type: "text-page", truncated: true, next: 26 })
-      expect(bytes.type === "text-page" ? Buffer.byteLength(bytes.content) : Infinity).toBeLessThanOrEqual(
-        ReadToolFileSystem.MAX_READ_BYTES,
-      )
-      expect(ranges).toEqual([{ offset: 0, length: 256 * 1024 }])
-    }),
-  )
-
-  it.effect("sorts and pages directory entries", () =>
-    Effect.gen(function* () {
-      const { environment, files, directory } = yield* fixture
-      yield* files.makeDirectory(path.join(directory, "z"))
-      yield* files.makeDirectory(path.join(directory, "a"))
-      yield* files.writeFileString(path.join(directory, "b.txt"), "")
-
-      const result = yield* ReadToolFileSystem.read(environment, absolute(directory), "folder", {
-        offset: 2,
-        limit: 1,
-      })
-
-      expect(result).toMatchObject({
-        type: "list-page",
-        entries: [{ path: `z${path.sep}`, type: "directory" }],
-        truncated: true,
-        next: 3,
-      })
-    }),
-  )
-
-  it.effect("stops checking for null bytes after the requested page", () =>
-    Effect.gen(function* () {
-      const { environment, files, directory } = yield* fixture
-      const file = path.join(directory, "nul.txt")
-      yield* files.writeFile(file, Uint8Array.from([...new TextEncoder().encode("one\n"), 0]))
-
-      const result = yield* ReadToolFileSystem.read(environment, absolute(file), "nul.txt", { limit: 1 })
-
-      expect(result).toMatchObject({ type: "text-page", content: "one", truncated: true, next: 2 })
-    }),
-  )
-
-  it.effect("reads page two after fetching more than the first 256KB range", () =>
-    Effect.gen(function* () {
-      const { environment, files, directory } = yield* fixture
-      const file = path.join(directory, "large.txt")
-      yield* files.writeFileString(file, `${"a".repeat(300 * 1024)}\nsecond\n`)
-
-      const result = yield* ReadToolFileSystem.read(environment, absolute(file), "large.txt", {
-        offset: 2,
-        limit: 1,
-      })
-
-      expect(result).toMatchObject({ type: "text-page", content: "second", offset: 2, truncated: false })
     }),
   )
 
   it.effect("preserves the media ingestion limit message", () =>
     Effect.gen(function* () {
-      const { environment, files, directory } = yield* fixture
+      const { fs, files, directory } = yield* fixture
       const file = path.join(directory, "oversized.png")
       yield* files.writeFile(file, Uint8Array.of(0x89, 0x50, 0x4e, 0x47, 0x0d, 0x0a, 0x1a, 0x0a))
       yield* files.truncate(file, ReadToolFileSystem.MAX_MEDIA_INGEST_BYTES + 1)
 
-      const error = yield* ReadToolFileSystem.read(environment, absolute(file), "oversized.png").pipe(Effect.flip)
+      const error = yield* ReadToolFileSystem.read(fs, file, "oversized.png").pipe(Effect.flip)
 
       expect(error).toBeInstanceOf(ReadToolFileSystem.MediaIngestLimitError)
       expect(error.message).toBe(
@@ -260,11 +150,11 @@ describe("ReadToolFileSystem", () => {
 
   it.effect("reads PDFs as bounded media", () =>
     Effect.gen(function* () {
-      const { environment, files, directory } = yield* fixture
+      const { fs, files, directory } = yield* fixture
       const file = path.join(directory, "document.pdf")
       yield* files.writeFileString(file, "%PDF-1.7\ncontent")
 
-      const result = yield* ReadToolFileSystem.read(environment, absolute(file), "document.pdf")
+      const result = yield* ReadToolFileSystem.read(fs, file, "document.pdf")
 
       expect(result).toMatchObject({
         type: "file",

packages/core/test/tool-read.test.ts

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { beforeEach, describe, expect } from "bun:test"
 import path from "path"
-import { Effect, Exit, Layer, Stream } from "effect"
+import { Effect, Exit, Layer, PlatformError, Stream } from "effect"
 import { Config } from "@opencode-ai/core/config"
 import { Document, Info } from "@opencode-ai/schema/config"
 import { ConfigMedia } from "@opencode-ai/schema/config/media"
@@ -21,7 +21,6 @@ import { ReadTool } from "@opencode-ai/core/tool/plugin/read"
 import { ReadToolFileSystem } from "@opencode-ai/core/tool/read-filesystem"
 import { makeLocationNode } from "@opencode-ai/util/effect/app-node"
 import { SessionInstructions } from "@opencode-ai/core/session/instructions"
-import { Environment } from "@opencode-ai/core/environment"
 import { testEffect } from "./lib/effect"
 import { toolIdentity, executeTool, registerToolPlugin, toolDefinitions } from "./lib/tool"
 
@@ -43,13 +42,24 @@ const readToolNode = makeLocationNode({
 const assertions: Permission.AssertInput[] = []
 const missingPath = "__missing_read_target__.txt"
 const missingAbsolutePath = path.join(process.cwd(), missingPath)
+const notFound = (target: string) =>
+  PlatformError.systemError({
+    _tag: "NotFound",
+    module: "FileSystem",
+    method: "stat",
+    pathOrDescriptor: target,
+  })
 const readCalls: {
   input: AbsolutePath
   page: ReadToolFileSystem.PageInput
 }[] = []
+const listCalls: ReadToolFileSystem.PageInput[] = []
+let listResult = new ReadToolFileSystem.ListPage({ type: "list-page", entries: [], truncated: false })
+let resolvedType: "file" | "directory" = "file"
 let resolveFailure: unknown
+let inspectFailure: ReadToolFileSystem.InspectError | undefined
 let directoryEntries: string[] = []
-let readResult: ReadToolFileSystem.FileContent | ReadToolFileSystem.TextPage | ReadToolFileSystem.ListPage = {
+let readResult: ReadToolFileSystem.FileContent | ReadToolFileSystem.TextPage = {
   type: "file",
   uri: "file:///README.md",
   name: "README.md",
@@ -61,12 +71,22 @@ let readFailure: ReadToolFileSystem.ReadError | undefined
 const reader = Layer.succeed(
   ReadToolFileSystem.Service,
   ReadToolFileSystem.Service.of({
+    inspect: () =>
+      resolveFailure !== undefined
+        ? Effect.die(resolveFailure)
+        : inspectFailure !== undefined
+          ? Effect.fail(inspectFailure)
+          : Effect.succeed(resolvedType),
     read: (input, _resource, page = {}) => {
       readCalls.push({ input, page })
-      if (resolveFailure !== undefined) return Effect.die(resolveFailure)
       if (readFailure !== undefined) return Effect.fail(readFailure)
       return Effect.succeed(readResult)
     },
+    list: (_path, input = {}) =>
+      Effect.sync(() => {
+        listCalls.push(input)
+        return listResult
+      }),
   }),
 )
 let allow = true
@@ -105,6 +125,17 @@ const testFileSystem = Layer.effect(
       FSUtil.Service.of({
         ...fs,
         readDirectory: () => Effect.succeed(directoryEntries),
+        realPath: (path) =>
+          path === missingAbsolutePath
+            ? Effect.fail(
+                PlatformError.systemError({
+                  _tag: "NotFound",
+                  module: "FileSystem",
+                  method: "realPath",
+                  pathOrDescriptor: path,
+                }),
+              )
+            : Effect.succeed(path),
       }),
     ),
   ),
@@ -164,8 +195,11 @@ describe("ReadTool", () => {
   beforeEach(() => {
     assertions.length = 0
     readCalls.length = 0
+    listCalls.length = 0
     allow = true
+    resolvedType = "file"
     resolveFailure = undefined
+    inspectFailure = undefined
     directoryEntries = []
     readResult = {
       type: "file",
@@ -176,6 +210,7 @@ describe("ReadTool", () => {
       mime: "text/plain",
     }
     readFailure = undefined
+    listResult = new ReadToolFileSystem.ListPage({ type: "list-page", entries: [], truncated: false })
   })
 
   it.effect("registers, authorizes, and reads through the location filesystem", () =>
@@ -637,7 +672,7 @@ describe("ReadTool", () => {
 
   it.effect("returns missing paths as model-visible tool failures", () =>
     Effect.gen(function* () {
-      readFailure = new Environment.NotFound({ path: missingAbsolutePath })
+      inspectFailure = notFound(missingAbsolutePath)
       directoryEntries = [
         "__missing_read_target__.txt.bak",
         "copy___missing_read_target__.txt",
@@ -661,18 +696,14 @@ describe("ReadTool", () => {
         },
       })
       expect(assertions).toMatchObject([{ sessionID, action: "read", resources: [missingPath], save: ["*"] }])
-      expect(readCalls).toEqual([
-        {
-          input: AbsolutePath.make(missingAbsolutePath),
-          page: { offset: undefined, limit: undefined },
-        },
-      ])
+      expect(readCalls).toEqual([])
     }),
   )
 
   it.effect("lists a bounded directory page through read", () =>
     Effect.gen(function* () {
-      readResult = new ReadToolFileSystem.ListPage({
+      resolvedType = "directory"
+      listResult = new ReadToolFileSystem.ListPage({
         type: "list-page",
         entries: [
           FileSystem.Entry.make({ path: RelativePath.make("components/"), type: "directory" }),
@@ -695,7 +726,7 @@ describe("ReadTool", () => {
       })
       expect(result).toMatchObject({
         status: "completed",
-        output: { entries: readResult.entries, truncated: true, next: 4 },
+        output: { entries: listResult.entries, truncated: true, next: 4 },
       })
       if (result.status !== "completed") return
       expect(result.metadata).toEqual({ truncated: true })
@@ -706,15 +737,14 @@ describe("ReadTool", () => {
         },
       ])
       expect(assertions).toMatchObject([{ sessionID, action: "read", resources: ["src"], save: ["*"] }])
-      expect(readCalls).toEqual([
-        { input: AbsolutePath.make(path.join(process.cwd(), "src")), page: { offset: 2, limit: 10 } },
-      ])
+      expect(listCalls).toEqual([{ offset: 2, limit: 10 }])
     }),
   )
 
   it.effect("does not list a directory when permission is denied", () =>
     Effect.gen(function* () {
       allow = false
+      resolvedType = "directory"
       const registry = yield* Tool.Service
 
       expect(
@@ -724,7 +754,7 @@ describe("ReadTool", () => {
           call: { type: "tool-call", id: "call-read-directory-denied", name: "read", input: { path: "src" } },
         }),
       ).toEqual({ status: "error", error: { type: "permission.rejected", message: "Permission denied: read" } })
-      expect(readCalls).toEqual([])
+      expect(listCalls).toEqual([])
     }),
   )
 
@@ -743,12 +773,7 @@ describe("ReadTool", () => {
         ),
       ).toBe(true)
 
-      expect(readCalls).toEqual([
-        {
-          input: AbsolutePath.make(path.join(process.cwd(), "missing.txt")),
-          page: { offset: undefined, limit: undefined },
-        },
-      ])
+      expect(readCalls).toEqual([])
     }),
   )
 

packages/core/test/tool-search.test.ts

@@ -5,8 +5,8 @@ import { Effect, Layer } from "effect"
 import { AppNodeBuilder } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/app-node-builder"
 import { makeLocationNode } from "@opencode-ai/util/effect/app-node"
 import { LayerNode } from "@opencode-ai/util/effect/layer-node"
-import { Environment } from "@opencode-ai/core/environment"
 import { FileSystem } from "@opencode-ai/core/filesystem"
+import { FSUtil } from "@opencode-ai/util/fs-util"
 import { Location } from "@opencode-ai/core/location"
 import { LocationMutation } from "@opencode-ai/core/location-mutation"
 import { Permission } from "@opencode-ai/core/permission"
@@ -24,12 +24,19 @@ import { executeTool, registerToolPlugin, toolIdentity } from "./lib/tool"
 const globToolNode = makeLocationNode({
   name: "test/glob-tool-plugin",
   layer: Layer.effectDiscard(registerToolPlugin(GlobTool.Plugin)),
-  deps: [Tool.node, Environment.node, Ripgrep.node, Location.node, LocationMutation.node, Permission.node],
+  deps: [
+    Tool.node,
+    FSUtil.node,
+    Ripgrep.node,
+    Location.node,
+    LocationMutation.node,
+    Permission.node,
+  ],
 })
 const grepToolNode = makeLocationNode({
   name: "test/grep-tool-plugin",
   layer: Layer.effectDiscard(registerToolPlugin(GrepTool.Plugin)),
-  deps: [Tool.node, Environment.node, Ripgrep.node, Location.node, LocationMutation.node, Permission.node],
+  deps: [Tool.node, FSUtil.node, Ripgrep.node, Location.node, LocationMutation.node, Permission.node],
 })
 const sessionID = Session.ID.make("ses_search_tool_test")
 
@@ -179,7 +186,9 @@ describe("search tools", () => {
       Effect.promise(() => tmpdir()),
       (tmp) =>
         Effect.promise(() => fs.writeFile(path.join(tmp.path, "file.txt"), "haystack\n")).pipe(
-          Effect.andThen(withTools(tmp.path, (registry) => executeTool(registry, call("grep", { pattern: "needle" })))),
+          Effect.andThen(
+            withTools(tmp.path, (registry) => executeTool(registry, call("grep", { pattern: "needle" }))),
+          ),
           Effect.tap((result) =>
             Effect.sync(() => {
               expect(result).toMatchObject({
@@ -288,7 +297,9 @@ describe("search tools", () => {
       (tmp) =>
         Effect.promise(() => fs.writeFile(path.join(tmp.path, "file.txt"), "content\n")).pipe(
           Effect.andThen(
-            withTools(tmp.path, (registry) => executeTool(registry, call("glob", { path: "file.txt", pattern: "*" }))),
+            withTools(tmp.path, (registry) =>
+              executeTool(registry, call("glob", { path: "file.txt", pattern: "*" })),
+            ),
           ),
           Effect.tap((result) =>
             Effect.sync(() => {
@@ -320,7 +331,9 @@ describe("search tools", () => {
             Effect.sync(() => {
               expect(result.status).toBe("completed")
               expect(assertions.map((input) => input.action)).toEqual(["external_directory", "glob"])
-              expect(assertions[0]?.resources).toEqual([path.join(outside.path, "*").replaceAll("\\", "/")])
+              expect(assertions[0]?.resources).toEqual([
+                path.join(outside.path, "*").replaceAll("\\", "/"),
+              ])
             }),
           ),
         )

packages/core/test/tool-shell.test.ts

@@ -524,8 +524,7 @@ describe("ShellTool", () => {
           const content = settled.content?.[0]
           if (!content || content.type !== "text") throw new Error("Expected text content")
           expect(content.text).not.toContain("one")
-          // Windows shells emit CRLF; the assertion targets line limits, not line endings.
-          expect(content.text.replaceAll("\r\n", "\n")).toStartWith("two\nthree")
+          expect(content.text).toStartWith("two\nthree")
           expect(content.text).toContain("output truncated; full output saved to:")
         })
       },

packages/core/test/tool-write.test.ts

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ import { FileMutation } from "@opencode-ai/core/file-mutation"
 import { Formatter } from "@opencode-ai/core/formatter"
 import { AppNodeBuilder } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/app-node-builder"
 import { LayerNode } from "@opencode-ai/util/effect/layer-node"
-import { Environment } from "@opencode-ai/core/environment"
+import { FSUtil } from "@opencode-ai/util/fs-util"
 import { Location } from "@opencode-ai/core/location"
 import { LocationMutation } from "@opencode-ai/core/location-mutation"
 import { Permission } from "@opencode-ai/core/permission"
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ import { toolIdentity, executeTool, registerToolPlugin, toolDefinitions } from "
 const writeToolNode = makeLocationNode({
   name: "test/write-tool-plugin",
   layer: Layer.effectDiscard(registerToolPlugin(WriteTool.Plugin)),
-  deps: [Tool.node, LocationMutation.node, FileMutation.node, Environment.node, Formatter.node, Permission.node],
+  deps: [Tool.node, LocationMutation.node, FileMutation.node, Formatter.node, FSUtil.node, Permission.node],
 })
 
 const sessionID = Session.ID.make("ses_write_tool_test")
@@ -68,20 +68,17 @@ const reset = () => {
   denyAction = undefined
 }
 
-const environment = Layer.effect(
-  Environment.Service,
+const filesystem = Layer.effect(
+  FSUtil.Service,
   Effect.gen(function* () {
-    const current = yield* Environment.Service
-    return Environment.Service.of({
-      ...current,
-      files: {
-        ...current.files,
-        write: (target, content) =>
-          Effect.sync(() => writes.push(target)).pipe(Effect.andThen(current.files.write(target, content))),
-      },
+    const fs = yield* FSUtil.Service
+    return FSUtil.Service.of({
+      ...fs,
+      writeWithDirs: (target, content, mode) =>
+        Effect.sync(() => writes.push(target)).pipe(Effect.andThen(fs.writeWithDirs(target, content, mode))),
     })
   }),
-).pipe(Layer.provide(LayerNode.compile(Environment.node)))
+).pipe(Layer.provide(LayerNode.compile(FSUtil.node)))
 
 const withTool = <A, E, R>(directory: string, body: (registry: Tool.Interface) => Effect.Effect<A, E, R>) => {
   const activeLocation = Layer.succeed(
@@ -95,7 +92,7 @@ const withTool = <A, E, R>(directory: string, body: (registry: Tool.Interface) =
       AppNodeBuilder.build(
         LayerNode.group([Tool.node, Tool.node, LocationMutation.node, FileMutation.node, writeToolNode]),
         [
-          [Environment.node, environment],
+          [FSUtil.node, filesystem],
           [Location.node, activeLocation],
           [Formatter.node, formatter],
           [Permission.node, permission],

packages/protocol/src/groups/session.ts

@@ -522,45 +522,6 @@ export const makeSessionGroup = <I extends HttpApiMiddleware.AnyId, S>(sessionLo
           }),
         ),
     )
-    .add(
-      HttpApiEndpoint.delete("session.pending.cancel", "/api/session/:sessionID/pending/:inputID", {
-        params: { sessionID: Session.ID, inputID: SessionMessage.ID },
-        success: HttpApiSchema.NoContent,
-        error: [ConflictError, SessionNotFoundError],
-      }).annotateMerge(
-          OpenApi.annotations({
-            identifier: "v2.session.pending.cancel",
-            summary: "Cancel pending input",
-            description: "Cancel an input that has not yet been promoted into session history.",
-          }),
-        ),
-    )
-    .add(
-      HttpApiEndpoint.post("session.pending.steer", "/api/session/:sessionID/pending/:inputID/steer", {
-        params: { sessionID: Session.ID, inputID: SessionMessage.ID },
-        success: HttpApiSchema.NoContent,
-        error: [ConflictError, SessionNotFoundError],
-      }).annotateMerge(
-          OpenApi.annotations({
-            identifier: "v2.session.pending.steer",
-            summary: "Steer queued input",
-            description: "Change a queued input to steer delivery and wake session execution.",
-          }),
-        ),
-    )
-    .add(
-      HttpApiEndpoint.post("session.pending.queue", "/api/session/:sessionID/pending/:inputID/queue", {
-        params: { sessionID: Session.ID, inputID: SessionMessage.ID },
-        success: HttpApiSchema.NoContent,
-        error: [ConflictError, SessionNotFoundError],
-      }).annotateMerge(
-          OpenApi.annotations({
-            identifier: "v2.session.pending.queue",
-            summary: "Queue pending steer",
-            description: "Change a pending steer to queued delivery.",
-          }),
-        ),
-    )
     .add(
       HttpApiEndpoint.get("session.instructions.entry.list", "/api/session/:sessionID/instructions/entries", {
         params: { sessionID: Session.ID },

packages/schema/src/session-event.ts

@@ -152,15 +152,13 @@ export const Forked = Event.durable({
 })
 export type Forked = typeof Forked.Type
 
-const InputRef = {
-  ...Base,
-  inputID: SessionMessage.ID,
-}
-
 export const InputPromoted = Event.durable({
   type: "session.input.promoted",
   ...options,
-  schema: InputRef,
+  schema: {
+    sessionID: SessionID,
+    inputID: SessionMessage.ID,
+  },
 })
 export type InputPromoted = typeof InputPromoted.Type
 
@@ -168,33 +166,13 @@ export const InputAdmitted = Event.durable({
   type: "session.input.admitted",
   ...options,
   schema: {
-    ...InputRef,
+    ...Base,
+    inputID: SessionMessage.ID,
     input: SessionPending.Message,
   },
 })
 export type InputAdmitted = typeof InputAdmitted.Type
 
-export const InputCancelled = Event.durable({
-  type: "session.input.cancelled",
-  ...options,
-  schema: InputRef,
-})
-export type InputCancelled = typeof InputCancelled.Type
-
-export const InputSteered = Event.durable({
-  type: "session.input.steered",
-  ...options,
-  schema: InputRef,
-})
-export type InputSteered = typeof InputSteered.Type
-
-export const InputQueued = Event.durable({
-  type: "session.input.queued",
-  ...options,
-  schema: InputRef,
-})
-export type InputQueued = typeof InputQueued.Type
-
 export namespace Execution {
   export const Started = Event.durable({ type: "session.execution.started", ...options, schema: Base })
   export type Started = typeof Started.Type
@@ -602,9 +580,6 @@ export const Definitions = Event.inventory(
   Forked,
   InputPromoted,
   InputAdmitted,
-  InputCancelled,
-  InputSteered,
-  InputQueued,
   Execution.Started,
   Execution.Succeeded,
   Execution.Failed,
@@ -646,16 +621,13 @@ export const DurableDefinitions = Event.inventory(
   ...Definitions.filter((definition) => definition.durability === "durable"),
   UsageRecorded,
 )
-export const EphemeralDefinitions = Event.inventory(
-  ...Definitions.filter((definition) => definition.durability === "ephemeral"),
-)
 
 export const Durable = Schema.Union(DurableDefinitions, { mode: "oneOf" })
   .pipe(Schema.toTaggedUnion("type"))
   .annotate({ identifier: "Session.Event.Durable" })
 export type DurableEvent = typeof Durable.Type
 
-export const All = Schema.Union([Durable, ...EphemeralDefinitions], { mode: "oneOf" }).pipe(
+export const All = Schema.Union(Event.inventory(...Definitions, UsageRecorded), { mode: "oneOf" }).pipe(
   Schema.toTaggedUnion("type"),
 )
 export type Event = typeof All.Type

packages/schema/test/event-manifest.test.ts

@@ -84,9 +84,6 @@ describe("public event manifest", () => {
         "session.forked.2",
         "session.input.promoted.1",
         "session.input.admitted.1",
-        "session.input.cancelled.1",
-        "session.input.steered.1",
-        "session.input.queued.1",
         "session.execution.started.1",
         "session.execution.succeeded.1",
         "session.execution.failed.1",

packages/server/src/handlers/session.ts

@@ -26,22 +26,6 @@ export const SessionHandler = HttpApiBuilder.group(Api, "server.session", (handl
   Effect.gen(function* () {
     const session = yield* Session.Service
     const transfer = yield* SessionTransfer.Service
-    const pendingMutation = (effect: ReturnType<typeof session.cancelPending>, conflict: string) =>
-      effect.pipe(
-        Effect.catchTag(
-          "Session.NotFoundError",
-          (error) =>
-            new SessionNotFoundError({
-              sessionID: error.sessionID,
-              message: `Session not found: ${error.sessionID}`,
-            }),
-        ),
-        Effect.catchTag(
-          "Session.PendingInputConflictError",
-          (error) => new ConflictError({ resource: error.inputID, message: `${conflict}: ${error.inputID}` }),
-        ),
-        Effect.as(HttpApiSchema.NoContent.make()),
-      )
 
     return handlers
       .handle(
@@ -677,33 +661,6 @@ export const SessionHandler = HttpApiBuilder.group(Api, "server.session", (handl
           }
         }),
       )
-      .handle(
-        "session.pending.cancel",
-        Effect.fn(function* (ctx) {
-          return yield* pendingMutation(
-            session.cancelPending({ sessionID: ctx.params.sessionID, inputID: ctx.params.inputID }),
-            "Pending input can no longer be cancelled",
-          )
-        }),
-      )
-      .handle(
-        "session.pending.steer",
-        Effect.fn(function* (ctx) {
-          return yield* pendingMutation(
-            session.steerPending({ sessionID: ctx.params.sessionID, inputID: ctx.params.inputID }),
-            "Pending input is no longer queued",
-          )
-        }),
-      )
-      .handle(
-        "session.pending.queue",
-        Effect.fn(function* (ctx) {
-          return yield* pendingMutation(
-            session.queuePending({ sessionID: ctx.params.sessionID, inputID: ctx.params.inputID }),
-            "Pending input is no longer a steer",
-          )
-        }),
-      )
       .handle(
         "session.instructions.entry.list",
         Effect.fn(function* (ctx) {

packages/session-ui/src/components/message-part.tsx

@@ -462,7 +462,6 @@ function newLayout() {
 function webSearchProviderLabel(provider: unknown) {
   if (provider === "parallel") return "Parallel Web Search"
   if (provider === "exa") return "Exa Web Search"
-  if (provider === "firecrawl") return "Firecrawl Web Search"
   return "Web Search"
 }
 

packages/tui/src/component/prompt/index.tsx

@@ -53,14 +53,12 @@ import { useLocation } from "../../context/location"
 import { Keymap, type KeymapCommand } from "../../context/keymap"
 import { abbreviateHome } from "../../runtime"
 import { PluginSlot } from "../../plugin/render"
-import type { SessionPending } from "@opencode-ai/schema/session-pending"
 
 export type PromptProps = {
   sessionID?: string
   visible?: boolean
   disabled?: boolean
   onSubmit?: () => void
-  onEmptySubmit?: () => boolean | Promise<boolean>
   ref?: (ref: PromptRef | undefined) => void
   hint?: JSX.Element
   right?: JSX.Element
@@ -359,20 +357,6 @@ export function Prompt(props: PromptProps) {
           dialog.clear()
         },
       },
-      {
-        title: "Queue prompt",
-        name: "prompt.queue",
-        category: "Prompt",
-        palette: undefined,
-        run: async (_input: string | undefined, event?: KeyEvent) => {
-          event?.preventDefault()
-          event?.stopPropagation()
-          if (!input.focused) return
-          const handled = await submit("queue")
-          if (!handled) return
-          dialog.clear()
-        },
-      },
       {
         title: "Remove editor context",
         name: "prompt.editor_context.clear",
@@ -531,11 +515,6 @@ export function Prompt(props: PromptProps) {
     commands: promptCommands(),
   }))
 
-  Keymap.createLayer(() => ({
-    priority: 1,
-    bindings: ["prompt.queue"],
-  }))
-
   Keymap.createLayer(() => ({
     bindings: [
       "prompt.submit",
@@ -921,7 +900,7 @@ export function Prompt(props: PromptProps) {
   })
 
   let submitting = false
-  async function submit(delivery: SessionPending.Delivery = "steer") {
+  async function submit() {
     // Prevent overlapping invocations (e.g. a double-pressed Enter, or the
     // input's native onSubmit racing another dispatch). Without this guard,
     // a second call slips past the empty-input check before the first call
@@ -931,13 +910,13 @@ export function Prompt(props: PromptProps) {
     if (submitting) return false
     submitting = true
     try {
-      return await submitInner(delivery)
+      return await submitInner()
     } finally {
       submitting = false
     }
   }
 
-  async function submitInner(delivery: SessionPending.Delivery) {
+  async function submitInner() {
     // IME: double-defer may fire before onContentChange flushes the last
     // composed character (e.g. Korean hangul) to the store, so read
     // plainText directly and sync before any downstream reads.
@@ -948,25 +927,14 @@ export function Prompt(props: PromptProps) {
     if (props.disabled) return false
     if (move.creating()) return false
     if (auto()?.visible) return false
+    if (!store.prompt.text) return false
     const trimmed = store.prompt.text.trim()
-    if (!trimmed) return delivery === "steer" ? (await props.onEmptySubmit?.()) === true : false
-    if (
-      delivery === "queue" &&
-      (store.mode === "shell" || trimmed === "exit" || trimmed === "quit" || trimmed === ":q")
-    ) {
-      toast.show({ message: "This prompt cannot be queued", variant: "warning" })
-      return false
-    }
     if (trimmed === "exit" || trimmed === "quit" || trimmed === ":q") {
       void exit()
       return true
     }
     const slash = argumentSlash(store.prompt.text, keymapCommands())
     if (slash) {
-      if (delivery === "queue") {
-        toast.show({ message: "This prompt cannot be queued", variant: "warning" })
-        return false
-      }
       clearPrompt()
       await slash.command.run(slash.input)
       return true
@@ -990,16 +958,6 @@ export function Prompt(props: PromptProps) {
     const isCommand =
       slashHead !== undefined &&
       (data.location.command.list(currentLocation.ref) ?? []).some((command) => command.name === slashHead.name)
-    if (delivery === "queue" && isSkill) {
-      toast.show({ message: "Skills cannot be queued", variant: "warning" })
-      return false
-    }
-    const editorSelection = editorContext()
-    const pendingEditorSelection = editorSelection && editor.labelState() === "pending" ? editorSelection : undefined
-    if (delivery === "queue" && pendingEditorSelection) {
-      toast.show({ message: "Editor context cannot be queued", variant: "warning" })
-      return false
-    }
     const agent = local.agent.current()
     if (!agent) return false
     const selection = local.model.selection()
@@ -1058,6 +1016,8 @@ export function Prompt(props: PromptProps) {
 
     // Capture mode before it gets reset
     const currentMode = store.mode
+    const editorSelection = editorContext()
+    const pendingEditorSelection = editorSelection && editor.labelState() === "pending" ? editorSelection : undefined
 
     if (store.mode === "shell") {
       move.startSubmit()
@@ -1080,7 +1040,6 @@ export function Prompt(props: PromptProps) {
           model,
           files: store.prompt.files,
           agents: store.prompt.agents,
-          delivery,
         })
         .catch((error) => {
           cancelCommit()
@@ -1090,7 +1049,7 @@ export function Prompt(props: PromptProps) {
       move.startSubmit()
       void client.api.session.skill({
         sessionID,
-        skill: slashHead.name,
+        skill: slashHead!.name,
       })
     } else {
       move.startSubmit()
@@ -1146,7 +1105,6 @@ export function Prompt(props: PromptProps) {
           text: inputText,
           files: store.prompt.files,
           agents: store.prompt.agents,
-          delivery,
         })
         .then(
           () => undefined,

packages/tui/src/config/v1/keybind.ts

@@ -103,8 +103,7 @@ export const Definitions = {
   session_interrupt: keybind("escape", "Interrupt current session"),
   session_background: keybind("ctrl+b", "Background blocking session tools"),
   session_compact: keybind("<leader>c", "Compact the session"),
-  session_queued_prompts: keybind("<leader>q", "View queued prompts"),
-  queued_prompt_delete: keybind("ctrl+d", "Delete queued prompt"),
+  session_queued_prompts: keybind("<leader>q", "View pending work"),
   session_child_first: keybind("down", "Toggle subagent picker"),
   session_parent: keybind("up", "Go to parent session"),
   session_pin_toggle: keybind("ctrl+f", "Pin or unpin session in the session list"),
@@ -162,7 +161,6 @@ export const Definitions = {
   display_thinking: keybind("none", "Toggle thinking blocks visibility"),
 
   prompt_submit: keybind("none", "Submit prompt"),
-  prompt_queue: keybind("alt+return", "Queue prompt"),
   prompt_editor_context_clear: keybind("none", "Clear editor context"),
   prompt_skills: keybind("none", "Open skill selector"),
   prompt_stash: keybind("none", "Stash prompt"),
@@ -172,7 +170,7 @@ export const Definitions = {
   input_clear: keybind("ctrl+c", "Clear input field"),
   input_paste: keybind({ key: "ctrl+v", preventDefault: false }, "Paste from clipboard"),
   input_submit: keybind("return", "Submit input"),
-  input_newline: keybind("shift+return,ctrl+return,ctrl+j", "Insert newline in input"),
+  input_newline: keybind("shift+return,ctrl+return,alt+return,ctrl+j", "Insert newline in input"),
   input_move_left: keybind("left,ctrl+b", "Move cursor left in input"),
   input_move_right: keybind("right,ctrl+f", "Move cursor right in input"),
   input_move_up: keybind("up", "Move cursor up in input"),
@@ -307,7 +305,6 @@ export const CommandMap = {
   session_background: "session.background",
   session_compact: "session.compact",
   session_queued_prompts: "session.queued_prompts",
-  queued_prompt_delete: "queued_prompt.delete",
   session_child_first: "session.child.first",
   session_parent: "session.parent",
   session_pin_toggle: "session.pin.toggle",
@@ -362,7 +359,6 @@ export const CommandMap = {
   messages_redo: "session.redo",
   display_thinking: "session.toggle.thinking",
   prompt_submit: "prompt.submit",
-  prompt_queue: "prompt.queue",
   prompt_editor_context_clear: "prompt.editor_context.clear",
   prompt_skills: "prompt.skills",
   prompt_stash: "prompt.stash",

packages/tui/src/context/data.tsx

@@ -38,7 +38,6 @@ import { createStore, produce, reconcile } from "solid-js/store"
 import { createSimpleContext } from "./helper"
 import { useClient } from "./client"
 import { nonEmptyToolContent } from "../util/tool-display"
-import type { SessionPending } from "@opencode-ai/schema/session-pending"
 import { createEffect, createSignal, onCleanup } from "solid-js"
 
 export type DataSessionStatus = "idle" | "running"
@@ -171,20 +170,12 @@ export const { use: useData, provider: DataProvider } = createSimpleContext({
 
     function removePending(sessionID: string, inputID?: string) {
       if (!inputID) return
-      if (store.session.pending[sessionID]?.some((item) => item.id === inputID))
-        setStore(
-          "session",
-          "pending",
-          sessionID,
-          (store.session.pending[sessionID] ?? []).filter((item) => item.id !== inputID),
-        )
-      if (store.session.input[sessionID]?.includes(inputID))
-        setStore(
-          "session",
-          "input",
-          sessionID,
-          (store.session.input[sessionID] ?? []).filter((id) => id !== inputID),
-        )
+      setStore(
+        "session",
+        "pending",
+        sessionID,
+        (store.session.pending[sessionID] ?? []).filter((item) => item.id !== inputID),
+      )
     }
 
     function removePermission(sessionID: string, requestID: string) {
@@ -198,13 +189,6 @@ export const { use: useData, provider: DataProvider } = createSimpleContext({
       )
     }
 
-    function updatePending(sessionID: string, inputID: string, delivery: SessionPending.Delivery) {
-      const index = store.session.pending[sessionID]?.findIndex((item) => item.id === inputID) ?? -1
-      const item = store.session.pending[sessionID]?.[index]
-      if (index < 0 || !item || item.type === "compaction" || item.delivery === delivery) return
-      setStore("session", "pending", sessionID, index, { ...item, delivery })
-    }
-
     const message = {
       update(sessionID: string, fn: (messages: SessionMessageInfo[], index: Map<string, number>) => void) {
         setStore(
@@ -251,12 +235,6 @@ export const { use: useData, provider: DataProvider } = createSimpleContext({
           (item): item is SessionMessageAssistantReasoning => item.type === "reasoning" && !item.time?.completed,
         )
       },
-      reindex(messages: SessionMessageInfo[], index: Map<string, number>, start: number) {
-        for (let position = start; position < messages.length; position++) {
-          const item = messages[position]
-          if (item) index.set(item.id, position)
-        }
-      },
     }
 
     function index(sessionID: string) {
@@ -438,36 +416,24 @@ export const { use: useData, provider: DataProvider } = createSimpleContext({
           }
           break
         case "session.input.promoted": {
-          const admitted = store.session.input[event.data.sessionID]?.includes(event.data.inputID) ?? false
           removePending(event.data.sessionID, event.data.inputID)
           message.update(event.data.sessionID, (draft, index) => {
             const position = index.get(event.data.inputID)
             if (position === undefined) return
             const existing = draft[position]
-            if (!existing || !admitted) return
+            if (!existing || !store.session.input[event.data.sessionID]?.includes(event.data.inputID)) return
             existing.time.created = event.created
             draft.splice(position, 1)
             draft.push(existing)
-            message.reindex(draft, index, position)
+            index.clear()
+            draft.forEach((message, indexValue) => index.set(message.id, indexValue))
           })
-          break
-        }
-        case "session.input.steered":
-          updatePending(event.data.sessionID, event.data.inputID, "steer")
-          break
-        case "session.input.queued":
-          updatePending(event.data.sessionID, event.data.inputID, "queue")
-          break
-        case "session.input.cancelled": {
-          removePending(event.data.sessionID, event.data.inputID)
-          if (messageIndex.get(event.data.sessionID)?.has(event.data.inputID))
-            message.update(event.data.sessionID, (draft, index) => {
-              const position = index.get(event.data.inputID)
-              if (position === undefined) return
-              draft.splice(position, 1)
-              index.delete(event.data.inputID)
-              message.reindex(draft, index, position)
-            })
+          setStore(
+            "session",
+            "input",
+            event.data.sessionID,
+            (store.session.input[event.data.sessionID] ?? []).filter((id) => id !== event.data.inputID),
+          )
           break
         }
         case "session.input.admitted":

packages/tui/src/context/storage.tsx

@@ -27,7 +27,6 @@ export interface Storage {
    * JSON-serializable.
    */
   memory<Value extends object>(key: string, options: { readonly initial: Value }): MemoryEntry<Value>
-  flush(): Promise<void>
 }
 
 function clone<Value extends object>(value: Value) {
@@ -47,7 +46,6 @@ function segment(value: string) {
 function createStorage(root: string, channel: string) {
   const entries = new Map<string, { readonly value: Entry<object>; readonly reload: () => void }>()
   const memories = new Map<string, MemoryEntry<object>>()
-  const pending = new Set<Promise<void>>()
   const directory = path.join(root, segment(channel), "tui")
   const locks = path.join(root, segment(channel), "locks")
   mkdirSync(directory, { recursive: true })
@@ -68,8 +66,8 @@ function createStorage(root: string, channel: string) {
       const [store, setStore] = createStore(load())
       const merge = (next: Value) => reconcile(next, { key: options.key })
       const reload = () => batch(() => setStore(merge(load())))
-      const update = (mutation: (draft: Value) => void) => {
-        const operation = Flock.withLock(
+      const update = (mutation: (draft: Value) => void) =>
+        Flock.withLock(
           file,
           async () => {
             const draft = load()
@@ -80,13 +78,6 @@ function createStorage(root: string, channel: string) {
           },
           { dir: locks },
         )
-        pending.add(operation)
-        operation.then(
-          () => pending.delete(operation),
-          () => pending.delete(operation),
-        )
-        return operation
-      }
       const entry = [store, update] as const
       entries.set(file, { value: entry as Entry<object>, reload })
       return entry
@@ -99,15 +90,6 @@ function createStorage(root: string, channel: string) {
       memories.set(key, entry as MemoryEntry<object>)
       return entry
     },
-    async flush() {
-      const failures: unknown[] = []
-      while (pending.size > 0) {
-        const results = await Promise.allSettled(pending)
-        failures.push(...results.filter((result) => result.status === "rejected").map((result) => result.reason))
-      }
-      if (failures.length === 1) throw failures[0]
-      if (failures.length > 1) throw new AggregateError(failures, "Storage writes failed")
-    },
   }
 
   const watcher = watch(directory, () => entries.forEach((entry) => entry.reload()))

packages/tui/src/mini/footer.command.tsx

@@ -3,9 +3,7 @@ import { TextAttributes, type InputRenderable, type KeyEvent } from "@opentui/co
 import { useKeyboard, type JSX } from "@opentui/solid"
 import fuzzysort from "fuzzysort"
 import { createEffect, createMemo, createSignal, type Accessor } from "solid-js"
-import { Keymap } from "../context/keymap"
 import { RunFooterMenu, createFooterMenuState, type RunFooterMenuItem } from "./footer.menu"
-import { monoShortcut } from "./mono"
 import type { RunFooterTheme } from "./theme"
 import type {
   FooterQueuedPrompt,
@@ -58,10 +56,6 @@ type SkillEntry = PanelEntry & {
   name: string
 }
 
-type QueuedPromptEntry = PanelEntry & {
-  prompt: FooterQueuedPrompt
-}
-
 type SubagentEntry = PanelEntry & {
   sessionID: string
   current: boolean
@@ -448,7 +442,7 @@ export function RunCommandMenuBody(props: {
           {
             action: "queued" as const,
             category: "Agent",
-            display: "View queued prompts",
+            display: "View pending work",
             footer: `${props.queued().length} pending`,
             keywords: props
               .queued()
@@ -843,48 +837,28 @@ export function RunQueuedPromptSelectBody(props: {
   theme: Accessor<RunFooterTheme>
   prompts: Accessor<FooterQueuedPrompt[]>
   onClose: () => void
-  onSteer: (prompt: FooterQueuedPrompt) => void
-  onDelete: (prompt: FooterQueuedPrompt) => void
   onRows?: (rows: number) => void
   mono?: boolean
 }) {
-  const entries = createMemo<QueuedPromptEntry[]>(() =>
+  const entries = createMemo(() =>
     props.prompts().map((prompt) => ({
       category: "",
       display: prompt.prompt.text.replaceAll("\n", " "),
-      footer: "queued",
+      footer: prompt.delivery,
       keywords: prompt.prompt.text,
-      prompt,
     })),
   )
   const controller = createSearchablePanelController({
     entries,
     limit: SUBAGENT_LIST_ROWS,
     onClose: props.onClose,
-    onSelect: (item) => props.onSteer(item.prompt),
+    onSelect: props.onClose,
     onRows: props.onRows,
   })
-  const shortcuts = Keymap.useShortcuts()
-  const deleteShortcut = () => monoShortcut(shortcuts.get("queued_prompt.delete") ?? "", props.mono ?? false)
-  Keymap.createLayer(() => ({
-    priority: 1,
-    commands: [
-      {
-        id: "queued_prompt.delete",
-        title: "Delete queued prompt",
-        group: "Prompt",
-        run() {
-          const item = controller.items()[controller.menu.selected()]
-          if (!item) return false
-          props.onDelete(item.prompt)
-        },
-      },
-    ],
-  }))
 
   return (
     <PanelShell
-      title="Queued prompts"
+      title="Pending work"
       query={controller.query()}
       count={controller.items().length}
       total={entries().length}
@@ -892,7 +866,6 @@ export function RunQueuedPromptSelectBody(props: {
       theme={props.theme}
       inputRef={controller.inputRef}
       onQuery={controller.setQuery}
-      hint={["enter steer", deleteShortcut() ? `${deleteShortcut()} delete` : undefined].filter(Boolean).join(" · ")}
       mono={props.mono}
     >
       <RunFooterMenu
@@ -902,7 +875,7 @@ export function RunQueuedPromptSelectBody(props: {
         offset={controller.menu.offset}
         rows={controller.menu.rows}
         limit={SUBAGENT_LIST_ROWS}
-        empty="No queued prompts"
+        empty="No pending work"
         border={false}
         paddingLeft={panelPad(props.mono)}
         paddingRight={panelPad(props.mono)}

packages/tui/src/mini/footer.prompt.tsx

@@ -19,7 +19,6 @@ import {
   displayCharAt,
   displaySlice,
   isExitCommand,
-  isCompactCommand,
   mentionTriggerIndex,
   isNewCommand,
   movePromptHistory,
@@ -32,16 +31,7 @@ import { realignEditorPromptParts, resolveEditorSlashValue } from "./prompt.edit
 import { monoTruncateMiddle } from "./mono"
 import { FOOTER_MENU_ROWS, createFooterMenuState, type RunFooterMenuItem } from "./footer.menu"
 import type { RunFooterTheme } from "./theme"
-import type {
-  FooterQueuedPrompt,
-  FooterState,
-  RunAgent,
-  RunCommand,
-  RunDelivery,
-  RunPrompt,
-  RunPromptPart,
-  RunReference,
-} from "./types"
+import type { FooterState, RunAgent, RunCommand, RunPrompt, RunPromptPart, RunReference } from "./types"
 
 const AUTOCOMPLETE_ROWS = FOOTER_MENU_ROWS
 const AUTOCOMPLETE_BOTTOM_ROWS = 1
@@ -82,8 +72,6 @@ type PromptInput = {
   theme: Accessor<RunFooterTheme>
   mono: Accessor<boolean>
   history?: Accessor<RunPrompt[]>
-  queuedPrompts: Accessor<FooterQueuedPrompt[]>
-  onQueuedPromptSteer: (inputID: string) => Promise<boolean>
   onSubmit: (input: RunPrompt) => boolean | Promise<boolean>
   onCycle: () => void
   onInterrupt: () => boolean
@@ -992,18 +980,8 @@ export function createPromptState(input: PromptInput): PromptState {
   }))
 
   Keymap.createLayer(() => ({
-    priority: 1,
     enabled: input.prompt() && !visible(),
     commands: [
-      {
-        id: "prompt.queue",
-        title: "Queue prompt",
-        group: "Prompt",
-        run() {
-          syncDraft()
-          submitPrompt(promptCopy(draft), "queue")
-        },
-      },
       {
         id: "prompt.editor",
         title: "Open editor",
@@ -1138,8 +1116,7 @@ export function createPromptState(input: PromptInput): PromptState {
     }
   }
 
-  let submitting = false
-  const submitPrompt = (next: RunPrompt, delivery: RunDelivery = "steer") => {
+  const submitPrompt = (next: RunPrompt) => {
     if (!area || area.isDestroyed) {
       draft = promptCopy(next)
     }
@@ -1153,34 +1130,12 @@ export function createPromptState(input: PromptInput): PromptState {
       hide()
     }
 
-    if (submitting) return
-
     if (!next.text.trim()) {
-      const queued = delivery === "steer" ? input.queuedPrompts()[0] : undefined
-      if (queued) {
-        submitting = true
-        void input.onQueuedPromptSteer(queued.messageID).finally(() => {
-          submitting = false
-        })
-        return
-      }
       input.onStatus(input.state().phase === "running" ? "waiting for current response" : "empty prompt ignored")
       return
     }
 
     const command = next.mode === "shell" ? undefined : selectedCommand(next.text, next.command)
-    if (
-      delivery === "queue" &&
-      (next.mode === "shell" ||
-        command?.source === "skill" ||
-        isNewCommand(next.text) ||
-        isCompactCommand(next.text) ||
-        isExitCommand(next.text) ||
-        next.text.trim().toLowerCase() === "/settings")
-    ) {
-      input.onStatus("this prompt cannot be queued")
-      return
-    }
     if (!command && next.mode !== "shell" && isExitCommand(next.text)) {
       input.onExit()
       return
@@ -1202,28 +1157,24 @@ export function createPromptState(input: PromptInput): PromptState {
     }
 
     const submit = command
-      ? { ...next, command, delivery }
+      ? { ...next, command }
       : parsed?.type === "command"
-        ? { ...next, command: parsed.command, delivery }
-        : { ...next, delivery }
+        ? { ...next, command: parsed.command }
+        : next
     const shellMode = next.mode === "shell"
 
-    submitting = true
     resetDraft()
     queueMicrotask(async () => {
-      try {
-        if (await input.onSubmit(submit)) {
-          push(next)
-          if (shellMode) {
-            setShellMode(false)
-            draft = emptyPrompt(false)
-          }
-          return
+      if (await input.onSubmit(submit)) {
+        push(next)
+        if (shellMode) {
+          setShellMode(false)
+          draft = emptyPrompt(false)
         }
-        restore(next)
-      } finally {
-        submitting = false
+        return
       }
+
+      restore(next)
     })
   }
 

packages/tui/src/mini/footer.ts

@@ -51,7 +51,6 @@ import type {
   MiniSettingChange,
   MiniSettings,
   PermissionReply,
-  QueuedPromptAction,
   RunAgent,
   RunCommand,
   RunInput,
@@ -97,7 +96,6 @@ type RunFooterOptions = {
   onVariantSelect?: (variant: string | undefined) => CycleResult | void | Promise<CycleResult | void>
   onInterrupt?: () => void
   onBackground?: () => void
-  onQueuedPromptAction?: (action: QueuedPromptAction, inputID: string) => Promise<void>
   onEditorOpen: (input: { value: string }) => Promise<string | undefined>
   onSubagentSelect?: (sessionID: string | undefined) => void
   onSubagentInterrupt?: (sessionID: string) => void
@@ -345,7 +343,6 @@ export class RunFooter implements FooterApi {
               onCycle: footer.handleCycle,
               onInterrupt: footer.handleInterrupt,
               onBackground: options.onBackground,
-              onQueuedPromptAction: options.onQueuedPromptAction,
               onEditorOpen: options.onEditorOpen,
               onInputClear: footer.handleInputClear,
               onExitRequest: footer.handleExit,

packages/tui/src/mini/footer.view.tsx

@@ -34,8 +34,6 @@ import { Keymap } from "../context/keymap"
 import { modelInfo } from "./variant.shared"
 import { monoShortcut } from "./mono"
 import { stringWidth } from "../util/string-width"
-import { errorMessage } from "../util/error"
-import { createSingleFlight } from "../util/single-flight"
 
 import type {
   FooterPromptRoute,
@@ -48,7 +46,6 @@ import type {
   MiniSettingChange,
   MiniSettings,
   PermissionReply,
-  QueuedPromptAction,
   RunAgent,
   RunCommand,
   RunInput,
@@ -95,14 +92,13 @@ type RunFooterViewProps = {
   mono: boolean
   miniSettings: () => MiniSettings
   history?: () => RunPrompt[]
-  onSubmit: (input: RunPrompt) => boolean | Promise<boolean>
+  onSubmit: (input: RunPrompt) => boolean
   onPermissionReply: (input: PermissionReply) => void | Promise<void>
   onFormReply: (input: FormReply) => void | Promise<void>
   onFormCancel: (input: FormCancel) => void | Promise<void>
   onCycle: () => void
   onInterrupt: () => boolean
   onBackground?: () => void
-  onQueuedPromptAction?: (action: QueuedPromptAction, inputID: string) => Promise<void>
   onEditorOpen: (input: { value: string }) => Promise<string | undefined>
   onInputClear: () => void
   onExitRequest?: () => boolean
@@ -136,7 +132,6 @@ export function RunFooterView(props: RunFooterViewProps) {
   const [route, setRoute] = createSignal<FooterPromptRoute>({ type: "composer" })
   const [subagentMenuRows, setSubagentMenuRows] = createSignal(RUN_SUBAGENT_PANEL_ROWS)
   const queuedPrompts = createMemo(() => props.queuedPrompts?.() ?? [])
-  const queue = createMemo(() => queuedPrompts().filter((item) => item.delivery === "queue"))
   const skills = createMemo(() => (props.commands() ?? []).filter((item) => item.source === "skill"))
   const prompt = createMemo(() => active().type === "prompt" && route().type === "composer")
   const selectingSubagent = createMemo(() => active().type === "prompt" && route().type === "subagent-menu")
@@ -234,7 +229,7 @@ export function RunFooterView(props: RunFooterViewProps) {
     const details = [busy() ? "running" : "idle", `agent ${props.currentAgent()}`]
     if (current) details.push(variant ? `${current} ${variant}` : current)
     if (usage()) details.push(props.mono ? usage().replaceAll(" · ", " - ") : usage())
-    if (queue().length > 0) details.push(`${queue().length} queued`)
+    if (queuedPrompts().length > 0) details.push(`${queuedPrompts().length} pending`)
     if (activeTabs().length > 0) details.push(`${activeTabs().length} subagent${activeTabs().length === 1 ? "" : "s"}`)
     return details.join(props.mono ? " - " : " · ")
   })
@@ -314,7 +309,7 @@ export function RunFooterView(props: RunFooterViewProps) {
   }
 
   const openQueuedMenu = () => {
-    if (queue().length === 0) return
+    if (queuedPrompts().length === 0) return
     setRoute({ type: "queued-menu" })
     props.onSubagentSelect?.(undefined)
   }
@@ -323,22 +318,6 @@ export function RunFooterView(props: RunFooterViewProps) {
     setRoute({ type: "composer" })
   }
 
-  const runQueuedAction = createSingleFlight<string>()
-  const queuedPromptAction = async (action: QueuedPromptAction, inputID: string) => {
-    const run = props.onQueuedPromptAction
-    if (!run) return false
-    const result = await runQueuedAction(inputID, async () => {
-      const error = await run(action, inputID).then(
-        () => undefined,
-        (error) => error,
-      )
-      if (!error) return true
-      props.onStatus(`failed to ${action === "cancel" ? "delete" : action} queued prompt: ${errorMessage(error)}`)
-      return false
-    })
-    return result ?? false
-  }
-
   const openTab = (sessionID: string) => {
     setRoute({ type: "subagent", sessionID })
     props.onSubagentSelect?.(sessionID)
@@ -378,8 +357,6 @@ export function RunFooterView(props: RunFooterViewProps) {
     theme,
     mono: () => props.mono,
     history: props.history,
-    queuedPrompts: queue,
-    onQueuedPromptSteer: (inputID) => queuedPromptAction("steer", inputID),
     onSubmit: props.onSubmit,
     onCycle: props.onCycle,
     onInterrupt: props.onInterrupt,
@@ -474,12 +451,13 @@ export function RunFooterView(props: RunFooterViewProps) {
     if (foregroundSubagents() && backgroundShortcut()) {
       items.push({ key: backgroundShortcut(), label: "background" })
     }
-    if (queue().length > 0 && queuedShortcut()) {
-      items.push({ key: queuedShortcut(), label: `${queue().length} queued` })
+    if (queuedPrompts().length > 0 && queuedShortcut()) {
+      items.push({ key: queuedShortcut(), label: `${queuedPrompts().length} pending` })
     }
     if (activeTabs().length > 0 && subagentShortcut()) {
       items.push({ key: subagentShortcut(), label: "subagents" })
     }
+
     return items
   })
   const commandHint = createMemo(() => {
@@ -590,11 +568,11 @@ export function RunFooterView(props: RunFooterViewProps) {
   }))
 
   Keymap.createLayer(() => ({
-    enabled: active().type === "prompt" && route().type === "composer" && queue().length > 0,
+    enabled: active().type === "prompt" && route().type === "composer" && queuedPrompts().length > 0,
     commands: [
       {
         id: "session.queued_prompts",
-        title: "View queued prompts",
+        title: "View pending work",
         group: "Session",
         run: openQueuedMenu,
       },
@@ -652,7 +630,7 @@ export function RunFooterView(props: RunFooterViewProps) {
   })
 
   createEffect(() => {
-    if (route().type !== "queued-menu" || queue().length > 0) return
+    if (route().type !== "queued-menu" || queuedPrompts().length > 0) return
     closePanel()
   })
 
@@ -756,16 +734,8 @@ export function RunFooterView(props: RunFooterViewProps) {
                         <Match when={selectingQueued()}>
                           <RunQueuedPromptSelectBody
                             theme={theme}
-                            prompts={queue}
+                            prompts={queuedPrompts}
                             onClose={closePanel}
-                            onSteer={(item) => {
-                              void queuedPromptAction("steer", item.messageID).then((steered) => {
-                                if (steered) closePanel()
-                              })
-                            }}
-                            onDelete={(item) => {
-                              void queuedPromptAction("cancel", item.messageID)
-                            }}
                             onRows={setSubagentMenuRows}
                             mono={props.mono}
                           />
@@ -775,7 +745,7 @@ export function RunFooterView(props: RunFooterViewProps) {
                             theme={theme}
                             commands={props.commands}
                             subagents={tabs}
-                            queued={queue}
+                            queued={queuedPrompts}
                             variants={props.variants}
                             variantCycle={variantCycle()}
                             onClose={closePanel}

packages/tui/src/mini/runtime.lifecycle.ts

@@ -22,7 +22,6 @@ import type {
   MiniSettings,
   MiniHost,
   PermissionReply,
-  QueuedPromptAction,
   RunAgent,
   RunInput,
   RunPrompt,
@@ -71,7 +70,6 @@ export type LifecycleInput = {
   onVariantSelect?: (variant: string | undefined) => CycleResult | void | Promise<CycleResult | void>
   onInterrupt?: () => void
   onBackground?: () => void
-  onQueuedPromptAction?: (action: QueuedPromptAction, inputID: string) => Promise<void>
   onSubagentSelect?: (sessionID: string | undefined) => void
   onSubagentInterrupt?: (sessionID: string) => void
 }
@@ -245,7 +243,6 @@ export async function createRuntimeLifecycle(input: LifecycleInput): Promise<Lif
     onVariantSelect: input.onVariantSelect,
     onInterrupt: input.onInterrupt,
     onBackground: input.onBackground,
-    onQueuedPromptAction: input.onQueuedPromptAction,
     onEditorOpen: async ({ value }) => {
       if (closed || renderer.isDestroyed) {
         return

packages/tui/src/mini/runtime.queue.ts

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
 import { SessionMessage } from "@opencode-ai/schema/session-message"
 import { Locale } from "../util/locale"
 import { isCompactCommand, isExitCommand, isNewCommand } from "./prompt.shared"
-import type { FooterApi, FooterEvent, RunDelivery, RunPrompt } from "./types"
+import type { FooterApi, FooterEvent, RunPrompt } from "./types"
 
 type Trace = {
   write(type: string, data?: unknown): void
@@ -21,11 +21,11 @@ export type QueueInput = {
   footer: FooterApi
   initialInput?: string
   trace?: Trace
-  onSend?: (prompt: RunPrompt, delivery: RunDelivery) => void
+  onSend?: (prompt: RunPrompt, delivery: "steer" | "queue") => void
   onAdmissionError?: (prompt: RunPrompt, error: unknown) => void | Promise<void>
   onNewSession?: () => void | Promise<void>
   onCompact?: () => void | Promise<void>
-  admit: (prompt: RunPrompt, delivery: RunDelivery, signal: AbortSignal) => Promise<void>
+  admit: (prompt: RunPrompt, signal: AbortSignal) => Promise<void>
   settle: () => Promise<void>
   run: (prompt: RunPrompt, signal: AbortSignal, admitted: () => void) => Promise<void>
 }
@@ -183,7 +183,7 @@ export async function runPromptQueue(input: QueueInput): Promise<void> {
               input.trace?.write("ui.commit", commit)
               input.footer.append(commit)
             }
-            input.onSend?.(sent, sent.delivery ?? "steer")
+            input.onSend?.(sent, "steer")
 
             if (state.closed) {
               break
@@ -276,11 +276,10 @@ export async function runPromptQueue(input: QueueInput): Promise<void> {
       const sent = { ...prompt, messageID: SessionMessage.ID.create() }
       const admission = state.admission
       admissionVersion += 1
-      const delivery = prompt.delivery ?? "queue"
-      input.onSend?.(sent, delivery)
+      input.onSend?.(sent, "queue")
       admissions = admissions
         .then(() => admission)
-        .then(() => input.admit(sent, delivery, admissionController.signal))
+        .then(() => input.admit(sent, admissionController.signal))
         .catch((error) => (state.closed ? undefined : input.onAdmissionError?.(sent, error)))
       return
     }