Merge pull request #2247 from kacpherek/fix/ambient-intervals

🤖 Agent: Read against the vanilla 26.3 sources (Use vanilla ambient sound intervals for guardians, hoglins, shulkers and allays) and proven in contrib-gate-21's union of 72 kacpherek PRs: 95 parity harnesses on playhorizon and the Mac mini, clippy, 1534 tests, lan_e2e 23 checks in-frame and with --server-thread. Thanks @kacpherek!

Cargo.lock

@@ -1405,6 +1405,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "sha1",
  "sha2",
  "symphonia",
+ "unicode-bidi",
  "ureq",
  "wgpu",
  "winit",
@@ -3774,6 +3775,12 @@ version = "1.20.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "b6f5e870be6c3b371b77fe0ee0bafb859fa4964b4404c27de1d380043c4dda20"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "unicode-bidi"
+version = "0.3.18"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "5c1cb5db39152898a79168971543b1cb5020dff7fe43c8dc468b0885f5e29df5"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "unicode-ident"
 version = "1.0.26"

crates/horizon-client-core/src/lang.rs

@@ -4,7 +4,10 @@
 //! language used by every screen.
 use std::{
     collections::{BTreeMap, HashMap},
-    sync::{Arc, RwLock},
+    sync::{
+        Arc, RwLock,
+        atomic::{AtomicBool, Ordering},
+    },
 };
 
 #[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
@@ -23,11 +26,16 @@ impl LanguageInfo {
 #[derive(Default)]
 pub struct Language {
     pub code: String,
+    /// `LanguageInfo.bidirectional`: text without a strong character reads
+    /// right to left (`ClientLanguage.defaultRightToLeft`).
+    bidirectional: bool,
     map: HashMap<String, String>,
 }
 pub const DEFAULT: &str = "en_us";
 
 static CURRENT: RwLock<Option<Arc<Language>>> = RwLock::new(None);
+/// The current language's `bidirectional`, read for every drawn string.
+static BIDIRECTIONAL: AtomicBool = AtomicBool::new(false);
 
 /// A source of resource files: the prepared root plus packs, highest priority last.
 pub trait ResourceSource {
@@ -134,8 +142,12 @@ impl Language {
         {
             apply_deprecated(&mut map, &bytes);
         }
+        let bidirectional = available(sources)
+            .iter()
+            .any(|info| info.code == code && info.bidirectional);
         Self {
             code: code.to_owned(),
+            bidirectional,
             map,
         }
     }
@@ -197,11 +209,16 @@ pub fn available(sources: &[&dyn ResourceSource]) -> Vec<LanguageInfo> {
 }
 
 pub fn set(language: Language) {
+    BIDIRECTIONAL.store(language.bidirectional, Ordering::Relaxed);
     *CURRENT.write().unwrap_or_else(|e| e.into_inner()) = Some(Arc::new(language));
 }
 pub fn current() -> Option<Arc<Language>> {
     CURRENT.read().unwrap_or_else(|e| e.into_inner()).clone()
 }
+/// `ClientLanguage.defaultRightToLeft` of the current language.
+pub fn bidirectional() -> bool {
+    BIDIRECTIONAL.load(Ordering::Relaxed)
+}
 pub fn code() -> String {
     current().map_or_else(|| DEFAULT.to_owned(), |l| l.code.clone())
 }

crates/horizon-client/Cargo.toml

@@ -62,6 +62,7 @@ gilrs = { version = "0.11", optional = true }
 horizon-dualsense = { path = "../horizon-dualsense", optional = true }
 # HTTPS to the Minecraft services (online-mode session join).
 ureq = { version = "2", default-features = false, features = ["tls"] }
+unicode-bidi = "0.3.18"
 
 [target.'cfg(unix)'.dependencies]
 # The server thread's CPU time per tick (`HORIZON_SPIKES`, spans.rs).

crates/horizon-client/examples/probe/mob_ai_probe.rs

@@ -1061,6 +1061,7 @@ pub fn main() -> horizon_client::Result<()> {
                 uuid: PLAYER_UUID,
                 allies: Default::default(),
                 remote: false,
+                passenger: false,
             }
         });
         let mut scratch = LegacyRandom::new(0);

crates/horizon-client/examples/probe/scene_motion_probe.rs

@@ -353,6 +353,7 @@ pub fn main() -> Result<()> {
                             horizon_world::food::Difficulty::Hard,
                         ][op["difficulty"].as_u64().unwrap() as usize],
                         natural_regeneration: op["regenerate"].as_bool().unwrap(),
+                        ..Default::default()
                     };
                 }
                 "food" => {

crates/horizon-client/src/animate_tick.rs

@@ -73,6 +73,8 @@ enum Animate {
         waterlogged: bool,
     },
     EndPortal,
+    /// `WetSpongeBlock.animateTick`.
+    WetSponge,
 }
 fn step(facing: &str) -> [i32; 3] {
     match facing {
@@ -167,6 +169,10 @@ fn classify(name: &str, prop: &dyn Fn(&str) -> Option<String>) -> Animate {
             waterlogged: prop("waterlogged").as_deref() == Some("true"),
         },
         "end_portal" => Animate::EndPortal,
+        "wet_sponge" => Animate::WetSponge,
+        // BrushableBlock has no dust colour of its own, so the dust is the map colour.
+        "suspicious_sand" => Animate::Falling(0xF7E9A3),
+        "suspicious_gravel" => Animate::Falling(0x707070),
         "sculk_sensor" | "calibrated_sculk_sensor"
             if prop("sculk_sensor_phase").as_deref() == Some("active") =>
         {
@@ -963,6 +969,36 @@ fn block_animate_tick(
                 }
             }
         }
+        Animate::WetSponge => {
+            // Direction.getRandom: DOWN, UP, NORTH, SOUTH, WEST, EAST.
+            const DIRECTIONS: [[i32; 3]; 6] = [
+                [0, -1, 0],
+                [0, 1, 0],
+                [0, 0, -1],
+                [0, 0, 1],
+                [-1, 0, 0],
+                [1, 0, 0],
+            ];
+            let d = DIRECTIONS[next_int(engine.random(), 6) as usize];
+            // The sponge occludes, so only a sturdy neighbour face hides the drip.
+            if d != [0, 1, 0] && !ctx.sturdy([pos[0] + d[0], pos[1] + d[1], pos[2] + d[2]]) {
+                let r = engine.random();
+                let p = match d {
+                    [0, -1, 0] => [fx + r.next_double(), fy - 0.05, fz + r.next_double()],
+                    [dx, _, 0] => {
+                        let y = fy + r.next_double() * 0.8;
+                        let z = fz + r.next_double();
+                        [fx + if dx > 0 { 1.1 } else { 0.05 }, y, z]
+                    }
+                    [_, _, dz] => {
+                        let y = fy + r.next_double() * 0.8;
+                        let x = fx + r.next_double();
+                        [x, y, fz + if dz > 0 { 1.1 } else { 0.05 }]
+                    }
+                };
+                add(engine, T::DrippingWater, p, [0.0; 3]);
+            }
+        }
         Animate::Mycelium => {
             let r = engine.random();
             if next_int(r, 10) == 0 {

crates/horizon-client/src/audio.rs

@@ -719,11 +719,6 @@ impl Audio {
         self.play(event, at, volume, pitch);
         self.capture = capture;
     }
-    /// `LivingEntity.handleDamageEvent`'s pitch, `(r - r) * 0.2 + 1`, drawn on the
-    /// client (the entity's own random there, never the server's world random).
-    pub fn hurt_pitch(&mut self) -> f32 {
-        (self.random.next_float() - self.random.next_float()) * 0.2 + 1.0
-    }
     /// `AbstractWidget.playButtonClickSound`: an unseeded, relative UI sound.
     pub fn play_button_click(&mut self) {
         self.play_instance(

crates/horizon-client/src/benchmark.rs

@@ -450,6 +450,54 @@ mod tests {
         assert_eq!(view_chunks(32), 2573);
         assert_eq!(view_chunks(0), 0);
     }
+    /// The status a fake control answers with: the player is where it should
+    /// be, nothing is queued, and the world holds `chunks` resident chunks.
+    fn status(chunks: u64) -> String {
+        serde_json::json!({
+            "player": {"position": [0.0, 64.0, 0.0]},
+            "pending_chunks": 0,
+            "screen": "playing",
+            "render_distance": 12,
+            "chunks": chunks,
+            "generated_chunks": chunks,
+            "meshed_sections": 0,
+            "streaming": {},
+        })
+        .to_string()
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn the_load_waits_for_the_chunks_a_teleport_starts() {
+        // Right after a teleport the game reports steady counts and nothing
+        // queued for over a second, before the integrated server has sent the
+        // first chunk: the quiet rule alone would call that loaded, and the
+        // scene would be measured over an empty view (#1749).
+        const LATE: usize = 30;
+        let (tx, rx) = mpsc::channel::<Request>();
+        let polls = std::sync::Arc::new(std::sync::atomic::AtomicUsize::new(0));
+        let counted = std::sync::Arc::clone(&polls);
+        let server = thread::spawn(move || {
+            let mut seen = 0;
+            while let Ok(request) = rx.recv() {
+                if request.line == "status" {
+                    let chunks = if seen < LATE { 0 } else { 400 };
+                    seen += 1;
+                    counted.store(seen, std::sync::atomic::Ordering::SeqCst);
+                    let _ = request.reply.send(status(chunks));
+                } else {
+                    let _ = request.reply.send("{}".to_owned());
+                }
+            }
+        });
+        let control = Control(tx);
+        wait_loaded(&control, |_| true).expect("the scene loads");
+        assert!(
+            polls.load(std::sync::atomic::Ordering::SeqCst) > LATE,
+            "the load finished before the chunks arrived"
+        );
+        drop(control);
+        let _ = server.join();
+    }
 
     #[test]
     fn yaw_matches_vanilla() {

crates/horizon-client/src/bidi.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,302 @@
+//! Right-to-left text (`FormattedBidiReorder.reorder`, behind
+//! `Language.getVisualOrder`): the logical text a player types becomes the
+//! glyphs a font draws left to right. Arabic letters are shaped into their
+//! joined presentation forms (ICU's `ArabicShaping` with `LETTERS_SHAPE`), the
+//! text is reordered by the Unicode bidirectional algorithm, and characters in
+//! right-to-left runs are mirrored. Left-to-right text comes back unchanged.
+use crate::text::{Span, Text};
+use std::borrow::Cow;
+use unicode_bidi::{
+    BidiClass, Direction, Level, ParagraphBidiInfo, bidi_class, get_base_direction,
+};
+
+/// How a letter joins its neighbours, as ICU's shaper sees it: `Right` joins
+/// the letter before it only, `Dual` both neighbours, `Mark` is skipped over
+/// (diacritics) and `None` never joins.
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, PartialEq)]
+enum Join {
+    None,
+    Right,
+    Dual,
+    Mark,
+}
+use Join::{Dual, Mark, Right};
+
+/// ICU's joining table (`araLink`): code point ranges and their class, with the
+/// lam-alef ligatures at the end. Anything else is `Join::None`.
+const JOINS: &[(u32, u32, Join)] = &[
+    (0x0622, 0x0625, Right),
+    (0x0626, 0x0626, Dual),
+    (0x0627, 0x0627, Right),
+    (0x0628, 0x0628, Dual),
+    (0x0629, 0x0629, Right),
+    (0x062A, 0x062E, Dual),
+    (0x062F, 0x0632, Right),
+    (0x0633, 0x063A, Dual),
+    (0x0640, 0x0647, Dual),
+    (0x0648, 0x0649, Right),
+    (0x064A, 0x064A, Dual),
+    (0x064B, 0x0656, Mark),
+    (0x0670, 0x0670, Mark),
+    (0x0671, 0x0673, Right),
+    (0x0675, 0x0677, Right),
+    (0x0678, 0x0687, Dual),
+    (0x0688, 0x0699, Right),
+    (0x069A, 0x06B9, Dual),
+    (0x06BA, 0x06BA, Right),
+    (0x06BB, 0x06BF, Dual),
+    (0x06C0, 0x06C0, Right),
+    (0x06C1, 0x06C1, Dual),
+    (0x06C2, 0x06CB, Right),
+    (0x06CC, 0x06CC, Dual),
+    (0x06CD, 0x06CD, Right),
+    (0x06CE, 0x06D1, Dual),
+    (0x06D2, 0x06D3, Right),
+    (0x200D, 0x200D, Dual),
+    (0x206D, 0x206F, Mark),
+    (0xFEF5, 0xFEFC, Right),
+];
+
+/// Letters that have joined forms and the code point of the isolated one; the
+/// final, initial and medial forms follow it (a right-joining letter has the
+/// isolated and final only). The lam-alef ligatures are their own letters.
+/// ICU leaves the extended letters (پ چ ژ ک گ ی and the rest of U+0679 to
+/// U+06D3) unchanged, so they are in `JOINS` but not here.
+#[rustfmt::skip]
+const FORMS: &[(u32, u32)] = &[
+    (0x0622, 0xFE81), (0x0623, 0xFE83), (0x0624, 0xFE85), (0x0625, 0xFE87), (0x0626, 0xFE89),
+    (0x0627, 0xFE8D), (0x0628, 0xFE8F), (0x0629, 0xFE93), (0x062A, 0xFE95), (0x062B, 0xFE99),
+    (0x062C, 0xFE9D), (0x062D, 0xFEA1), (0x062E, 0xFEA5), (0x062F, 0xFEA9), (0x0630, 0xFEAB),
+    (0x0631, 0xFEAD), (0x0632, 0xFEAF), (0x0633, 0xFEB1), (0x0634, 0xFEB5), (0x0635, 0xFEB9),
+    (0x0636, 0xFEBD), (0x0637, 0xFEC1), (0x0638, 0xFEC5), (0x0639, 0xFEC9), (0x063A, 0xFECD),
+    (0x0641, 0xFED1), (0x0642, 0xFED5), (0x0643, 0xFED9), (0x0644, 0xFEDD), (0x0645, 0xFEE1),
+    (0x0646, 0xFEE5), (0x0647, 0xFEE9), (0x0648, 0xFEED), (0x0649, 0xFEEF), (0x064A, 0xFEF1),
+    (0xFEF5, 0xFEF5), (0xFEF7, 0xFEF7), (0xFEF9, 0xFEF9), (0xFEFB, 0xFEFB),
+];
+
+/// `Bidi_Mirroring_Glyph` (`UCharacter.getMirror`): each pair is two
+/// neighbouring characters that mirror each other.
+const MIRRORED: &str = "\
+        ()<>[]{}«»༺༻༼༽᚛᚜‹›⁅⁆⁽⁾₍₎∈∋∉∌∊∍∕⧵∟⯾∠⦣∡⦛∢⦠∤⫮∼∽≃⋍≅≌≒≓\
+        ≔≕≤≥≦≧≨≩≪≫≮≯≰≱≲≳≴≵≶≷≸≹≺≻≼≽≾≿⊀⊁⊂⊃⊄⊅⊆⊇⊈⊉⊊⊋⊏⊐⊑⊒⊘⦸⊢⊣⊦⫞\
+        ⊨⫤⊩⫣⊫⫥⊰⊱⊲⊳⊴⊵⊶⊷⊸⟜⋉⋊⋋⋌⋐⋑⋖⋗⋘⋙⋚⋛⋜⋝⋞⋟⋠⋡⋢⋣⋤⋥⋦⋧⋨⋩⋪⋫⋬⋭⋰⋱⋲⋺\
+        ⋳⋻⋴⋼⋶⋽⋷⋾⌈⌉⌊⌋〈〉❨❩❪❫❬❭❮❯❰❱❲❳❴❵⟃⟄⟅⟆⟈⟉⟋⟍⟕⟖⟝⟞⟢⟣⟤⟥⟦⟧⟨⟩⟪⟫\
+        ⟬⟭⟮⟯⦃⦄⦅⦆⦇⦈⦉⦊⦋⦌⦍⦐⦎⦏⦑⦒⦓⦔⦕⦖⦗⦘⦤⦥⦨⦩⦪⦫⦬⦭⦮⦯⧀⧁⧄⧅⧏⧐⧑⧒⧔⧕⧘⧙⧚⧛\
+        ⧨⧩⧸⧹⧼⧽⨫⨬⨭⨮⨴⨵⨼⨽⩤⩥⩹⩺⩻⩼⩽⩾⩿⪀⪁⪂⪃⪄⪅⪆⪇⪈⪉⪊⪋⪌⪍⪎⪏⪐⪑⪒⪓⪔⪕⪖⪗⪘⪙⪚\
+        ⪛⪜⪝⪞⪟⪠⪡⪢⪦⪧⪨⪩⪪⪫⪬⪭⪯⪰⪱⪲⪳⪴⪵⪶⪷⪸⪹⪺⪻⪼⪽⪾⪿⫀⫁⫂⫃⫄⫅⫆⫇⫈⫉⫊⫋⫌⫍⫎⫏⫐\
+        ⫑⫒⫓⫔⫕⫖⫬⫭⫷⫸⫹⫺⸂⸃⸄⸅⸉⸊⸌⸍⸜⸝⸠⸡⸢⸣⸤⸥⸦⸧⸨⸩⹕⹖⹗⹘⹙⹚⹛⹜〈〉《》「」『』【】\
+        〔〕〖〗〘〙〚〛﹙﹚﹛﹜﹝﹞﹤﹥（）＜＞［］｛｝｟｠｢｣";
+
+fn join(c: char) -> Join {
+    let c = c as u32;
+    JOINS
+        .iter()
+        .find(|&&(from, to, _)| (from..=to).contains(&c))
+        .map_or(Join::None, |&(_, _, join)| join)
+}
+
+/// The letter whose joined form `c` is (ICU shapes the forms again), or `c`.
+fn letter_of(c: char) -> char {
+    let c32 = c as u32;
+    if !matches!(c32, 0xFE70..=0xFEFC) {
+        return c;
+    }
+    if (0xFE70..0xFE80).contains(&c32) {
+        // The diacritics' forms pair up from fathatan on.
+        return char::from_u32(0x064B + (c32 - 0xFE70) / 2).unwrap_or(c);
+    }
+    FORMS
+        .iter()
+        .find(|&&(letter, iso)| {
+            let forms = if join(char::from_u32(letter).unwrap_or(c)) == Dual {
+                4
+            } else {
+                2
+            };
+            (iso..iso + forms).contains(&c32)
+        })
+        .and_then(|&(letter, _)| char::from_u32(letter))
+        .unwrap_or(c)
+}
+
+/// `ArabicShaping(LETTERS_SHAPE).shape`: lam followed by an alef (diacritics
+/// may sit between) becomes one ligature, then every letter takes the isolated,
+/// final, initial or medial form its neighbours call for. Diacritics take the
+/// tatweel form between two joined letters. The text can only get shorter.
+fn shape(text: &[char]) -> Vec<char> {
+    let letters: Vec<char> = text.iter().map(|&c| letter_of(c)).collect();
+    let mut chars = Vec::with_capacity(letters.len());
+    let mut i = 0;
+    while i < letters.len() {
+        if letters[i] == '\u{644}' {
+            let mut at = i + 1;
+            while letters.get(at).is_some_and(|&c| join(c) == Mark) {
+                at += 1;
+            }
+            let alef = letters.get(at).and_then(|&c| {
+                ['\u{622}', '\u{623}', '\u{625}', '\u{627}']
+                    .iter()
+                    .position(|&a| a == c)
+            });
+            if let Some(alef) = alef {
+                chars.push(char::from_u32(0xFEF5 + 2 * alef as u32).unwrap_or('\u{644}'));
+                chars.extend_from_slice(&letters[i + 1..at]);
+                i = at + 1;
+                continue;
+            }
+        }
+        chars.push(letters[i]);
+        i += 1;
+    }
+    // Whether the nearest letter before joins the next one, and the joins of
+    // the nearest letter after.
+    let mut joins_next = false;
+    let mut out = Vec::with_capacity(chars.len());
+    for (i, &c) in chars.iter().enumerate() {
+        let next_joins = chars[i + 1..]
+            .iter()
+            .map(|&n| join(n))
+            .find(|&j| j != Mark)
+            .is_some_and(|j| j != Join::None);
+        let kind = join(c);
+        let shaped = match kind {
+            Join::None => {
+                joins_next = false;
+                c
+            }
+            Mark => match c as u32 {
+                m @ 0x064B..=0x0652 => {
+                    let iso = 0xFE70 + 2 * (m - 0x064B);
+                    let tatweel = joins_next && next_joins && !matches!(m, 0x064C | 0x064D);
+                    char::from_u32(iso + u32::from(tatweel)).unwrap_or(c)
+                }
+                _ => c,
+            },
+            Right | Dual => {
+                let to_next = kind == Dual && next_joins;
+                let form = match (joins_next, to_next) {
+                    (false, false) => 0,
+                    (true, false) => 1,
+                    (false, true) => 2,
+                    (true, true) => 3,
+                };
+                joins_next = kind == Dual;
+                FORMS
+                    .binary_search_by_key(&(c as u32), |&(letter, _)| letter)
+                    .ok()
+                    .and_then(|at| char::from_u32(FORMS[at].1 + form))
+                    .unwrap_or(c)
+            }
+        };
+        out.push(shaped);
+    }
+    out
+}
+
+/// `UCharacter.getMirror`.
+fn mirror(c: char) -> char {
+    if bidi_class(c) != BidiClass::ON {
+        return c;
+    }
+    let mut pairs = MIRRORED.chars();
+    while let (Some(a), Some(b)) = (pairs.next(), pairs.next()) {
+        if c == a {
+            return b;
+        }
+        if c == b {
+            return a;
+        }
+    }
+    c
+}
+
+/// Whether a character can change anything: right-to-left letters and numbers,
+/// the explicit direction controls and the diacritics that shaping turns into
+/// letters. Without any, left-to-right text keeps its order.
+fn directional(c: char) -> bool {
+    c as u32 >= 0x0590
+        && (matches!(c as u32, 0x064B..=0x0652)
+            || matches!(
+                bidi_class(c),
+                BidiClass::R
+                    | BidiClass::AL
+                    | BidiClass::AN
+                    | BidiClass::LRE
+                    | BidiClass::RLE
+                    | BidiClass::LRO
+                    | BidiClass::RLO
+                    | BidiClass::PDF
+                    | BidiClass::LRI
+                    | BidiClass::RLI
+                    | BidiClass::FSI
+                    | BidiClass::PDI
+            ))
+}
+
+/// Whether `chars` keep their order and shapes: left-to-right text without
+/// anything directional, in a language that reads left to right by default.
+fn unchanged(mut chars: impl Iterator<Item = char>, default_rtl: bool) -> bool {
+    !default_rtl && !chars.any(directional)
+}
+
+/// `FormattedBidiReorder.reorder`: `chars` shaped, in visual order, with each
+/// character's position in the shaped text. A character's style is the one at
+/// its position in the shaped text, as `SubStringSource` takes it (the text
+/// shrinks at a lam-alef ligature).
+fn reorder(chars: &[char], default_rtl: bool) -> Vec<(char, usize)> {
+    let shaped = shape(chars);
+    let plain: String = shaped.iter().collect();
+    // DEFAULT_RTL only changes text without a strong character.
+    let level =
+        (default_rtl && get_base_direction(plain.as_str()) == Direction::Mixed).then(Level::rtl);
+    let info = ParagraphBidiInfo::new(&plain, level);
+    let levels = info.reordered_levels_per_char(0..plain.len());
+    ParagraphBidiInfo::reorder_visual(&levels)
+        .into_iter()
+        .map(|i| {
+            let c = if levels[i].is_rtl() {
+                mirror(shaped[i])
+            } else {
+                shaped[i]
+            };
+            (c, i)
+        })
+        .collect()
+}
+
+/// `Language.getVisualOrder` of a text (its `§` codes already resolved), for
+/// the current language's direction.
+pub fn visual(text: &Text) -> Cow<'_, Text> {
+    let default_rtl = crate::lang::bidirectional();
+    if unchanged(text.chars().map(|(c, _)| c), default_rtl) {
+        return Cow::Borrowed(text);
+    }
+    let chars: Vec<char> = text.chars().map(|(c, _)| c).collect();
+    let styles: Vec<_> = text.chars().map(|(_, style)| style).collect();
+    let mut out = Text::default();
+    for (c, at) in reorder(&chars, default_rtl) {
+        match out.spans.last_mut() {
+            Some(span) if span.style == *styles[at] => span.text.push(c),
+            _ => out.spans.push(Span {
+                text: c.to_string(),
+                style: styles[at].clone(),
+            }),
+        }
+    }
+    Cow::Owned(out)
+}
+
+/// The same for a plain string.
+pub fn visual_str(s: &str) -> Cow<'_, str> {
+    let default_rtl = crate::lang::bidirectional();
+    if unchanged(s.chars(), default_rtl) {
+        return Cow::Borrowed(s);
+    }
+    let chars: Vec<char> = s.chars().collect();
+    Cow::Owned(
+        reorder(&chars, default_rtl)
+            .into_iter()
+            .map(|(c, _)| c)
+            .collect(),
+    )
+}

crates/horizon-client/src/block_entity_render.rs

@@ -610,7 +610,9 @@ fn sign_text_calls(
         .iter()
         .enumerate()
         .map(|(i, line)| {
+            // The line that fits, in the order it is drawn (getVisualOrder).
             let shown = first_line(line, data.max_line_width(), &advance);
+            let shown = crate::bidi::visual_str(&shown).into_owned();
             TextCall {
                 matrix: m,
                 x: -((width(&shown) as i32) / 2) as f32,

crates/horizon-client/src/brewing.rs

@@ -7,7 +7,12 @@ use crate::{
     items::{ItemStack, Items},
 };
 use serde_json::Value;
-use std::{collections::HashSet, fs, path::Path, sync::Arc};
+use std::{
+    collections::{HashMap, HashSet},
+    fs,
+    path::Path,
+    sync::{Arc, OnceLock},
+};
 
 #[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
 pub enum Category {
@@ -94,6 +99,24 @@ pub fn effect(id: &str) -> Option<&'static EffectDef> {
     let id = id.trim_start_matches("minecraft:");
     EFFECTS.iter().find(|e| e.id == id)
 }
+/// Namespaced effect ids for mob effect storage.
+pub fn namespaced(id: &'static str) -> &'static str {
+    static IDS: OnceLock<HashMap<&'static str, &'static str>> = OnceLock::new();
+    IDS.get_or_init(|| {
+        EFFECTS
+            .iter()
+            .map(|e| {
+                (
+                    e.id,
+                    &*Box::leak(format!("minecraft:{}", e.id).into_boxed_str()),
+                )
+            })
+            .collect()
+    })
+    .get(id)
+    .copied()
+    .unwrap_or(id)
+}
 /// A `Potion`: id, name suffix (`item.minecraft.potion.effect.<name>`) and
 /// effects as (effect, duration ticks, amplifier).
 #[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug)]

crates/horizon-client/src/cauldron.rs

@@ -40,6 +40,8 @@ pub struct Interaction {
     /// The cauldron's new state.
     pub block: Option<BlockState>,
     pub sound: Option<&'static str>,
+    /// The custom statistic the player earns (`use_cauldron`, ...).
+    pub stat: Option<&'static str>,
 }
 
 fn state(name: &str, level: Option<u8>) -> BlockState {
@@ -57,6 +59,7 @@ fn pass() -> Interaction {
         outcome: Outcome::Pass,
         block: None,
         sound: None,
+        stat: None,
     }
 }
 
@@ -117,11 +120,12 @@ fn lowered(cauldron: &BlockState) -> BlockState {
     }
 }
 
-fn changed(block: BlockState, sound: Option<&'static str>) -> Interaction {
+fn changed(block: BlockState, sound: Option<&'static str>, stat: &'static str) -> Interaction {
     Interaction {
         outcome: Outcome::Success,
         block: Some(block),
         sound,
+        stat: Some(stat),
     }
 }
 
@@ -179,18 +183,22 @@ pub fn interact(
             stack.data_mut().dyed_color = None;
             stack.tidy();
         }
-        return changed(lowered(cauldron), None);
+        return changed(lowered(cauldron), None, "clean_armor");
     }
     let fill_bucket = |player: &mut dyn Player, new: &str, can_fill: bool, sound| {
         if !can_fill {
             return pass();
         }
         filled(player, ItemStack::new(new, 1), true);
-        changed(state("minecraft:cauldron", None), Some(sound))
+        changed(
+            state("minecraft:cauldron", None),
+            Some(sound),
+            "use_cauldron",
+        )
     };
     let empty_bucket = |player: &mut dyn Player, block: BlockState, sound| {
         filled(player, ItemStack::new("minecraft:bucket", 1), true);
-        changed(block, Some(sound))
+        changed(block, Some(sound), "fill_cauldron")
     };
     match item {
         "minecraft:lava_bucket" => {
@@ -199,6 +207,7 @@ pub fn interact(
                     outcome: Outcome::Consume,
                     block: None,
                     sound: None,
+                    stat: None,
                 }
             } else {
                 empty_bucket(
@@ -221,6 +230,7 @@ pub fn interact(
                     outcome: Outcome::Consume,
                     block: None,
                     sound: None,
+                    stat: None,
                 }
             } else {
                 empty_bucket(
@@ -241,6 +251,7 @@ pub fn interact(
             changed(
                 state("minecraft:water_cauldron", Some(1)),
                 Some("minecraft:item.bottle.empty"),
+                "use_cauldron",
             )
         }
         ("water", "minecraft:bucket") => fill_bucket(
@@ -255,7 +266,11 @@ pub fn interact(
                 ItemStack::new("minecraft:potion", 1).with_potion("minecraft:water"),
                 true,
             );
-            changed(lowered(cauldron), Some("minecraft:item.bottle.fill"))
+            changed(
+                lowered(cauldron),
+                Some("minecraft:item.bottle.fill"),
+                "use_cauldron",
+            )
         }
         ("water", "minecraft:potion") => {
             if level == 3 || !water_potion {
@@ -266,7 +281,7 @@ pub fn interact(
             // BlockState.cycle on a 1..=3 property
             next.properties
                 .insert("level".into(), (level % 3 + 1).to_string());
-            changed(next, Some("minecraft:item.bottle.empty"))
+            changed(next, Some("minecraft:item.bottle.empty"), "use_cauldron")
         }
         ("water", name)
             if name
@@ -283,7 +298,7 @@ pub fn interact(
             cleaned.data_mut().banner_patterns.pop();
             cleaned.tidy();
             filled(player, cleaned, false);
-            changed(lowered(cauldron), None)
+            changed(lowered(cauldron), None, "clean_banner")
         }
         ("water", name)
             if name
@@ -292,7 +307,7 @@ pub fn interact(
                 .is_some_and(|c| COLORS.contains(&c)) =>
         {
             filled(player, held.transmute("minecraft:shulker_box", 1), false);
-            changed(lowered(cauldron), None)
+            changed(lowered(cauldron), None, "clean_shulker_box")
         }
         ("lava", "minecraft:bucket") => fill_bucket(
             player,

crates/horizon-client/src/command_block.rs

@@ -35,6 +35,23 @@ impl Mode {
             Self::Redstone => "minecraft:command_block",
         }
     }
+    /// `Enum.ordinal`, which `ServerboundSetCommandBlockPacket` writes.
+    pub fn ordinal(self) -> i32 {
+        match self {
+            Self::Sequence => 0,
+            Self::Auto => 1,
+            Self::Redstone => 2,
+        }
+    }
+    /// The mode of a packet's ordinal; `handleSetCommandBlock` treats any
+    /// other value as a plain command block (its `default` branch).
+    pub fn from_ordinal(ordinal: i32) -> Self {
+        match ordinal {
+            0 => Self::Sequence,
+            1 => Self::Auto,
+            _ => Self::Redstone,
+        }
+    }
     /// `CycleButton`: the next value, wrapping round.
     pub fn next(self) -> Self {
         match self {

crates/horizon-client/src/container_screen.rs

@@ -124,6 +124,18 @@ impl Clicks {
         self.skip_next_release = true;
     }
 
+    /// The screen that takes the pointer over starts with its own state:
+    /// `AbstractContainerScreen` holds `isQuickCrafting` and the drag it
+    /// belongs to on the screen, so a screen that opens (or closes) drops
+    /// them. A press whose release never arrived -- the pointer left the
+    /// window -- would otherwise keep the drag running, and `press` answers
+    /// `None` for every later press, so the quick move and the clicks go
+    /// dead on every screen after it.
+    pub fn cancel_drag(&mut self) {
+        self.quick_crafting = None;
+        self.skip_next_release = false;
+    }
+
     /// `mouseClicked` (no double click): the `slotClicked` input it sends on
     /// `target`, if any. A press holding a stack starts a quick craft drag
     /// instead. `cloning` is `keyPickItem` with infinite materials.
@@ -301,4 +313,35 @@ mod tests {
             Some(Input::Pickup)
         );
     }
+
+    /// #1737: a press whose release never arrives (the pointer left the
+    /// window) leaves `isQuickCrafting` set, and `press` answers `None` for
+    /// every later press, so the Shift quick move and the clicks on the
+    /// inventory go dead. The drag belongs to the screen that has it
+    /// (`AbstractContainerScreen` holds `isQuickCrafting`), so the screen
+    /// that takes the pointer over drops it and the quick move works again.
+    #[test]
+    fn a_lost_release_does_not_wedge_the_quick_move() {
+        let mut clicks = Clicks::default();
+        let slot = Target::<usize>::Slot(3);
+        // Pressed with a stack carried: a quick craft drag starts, and its
+        // release never arrives.
+        assert_eq!(clicks.press(&slot, Button::Left, false, false, false), None);
+        assert!(clicks.quick_crafting().is_some());
+        // The stuck drag swallows the next press: the Shift quick move stops
+        // working and the inventory stops answering.
+        assert_eq!(clicks.press(&slot, Button::Right, true, true, false), None);
+        // The screen that takes the pointer over starts with its own state.
+        clicks.cancel_drag();
+        assert!(clicks.quick_crafting().is_none());
+        // The quick move works again.
+        assert_eq!(
+            clicks.press(&slot, Button::Right, true, true, false),
+            Some(Input::QuickMove)
+        );
+        assert_eq!(
+            clicks.press(&slot, Button::Left, true, false, false),
+            Some(Input::Pickup)
+        );
+    }
 }

crates/horizon-client/src/containers.rs

@@ -728,6 +728,18 @@ impl Furnace {
                                     .recipes_used
                                     .entry(recipe_used_key(&recipe.id))
                                     .or_insert(0) += 1;
+                                // AbstractFurnaceBlockEntity.burn: drying a wet sponge fills
+                                // the bucket in the fuel slot.
+                                if self.items[0]
+                                    .as_ref()
+                                    .is_some_and(|i| &*i.item == "minecraft:wet_sponge")
+                                    && self.items[1]
+                                        .as_ref()
+                                        .is_some_and(|f| &*f.item == "minecraft:bucket")
+                                {
+                                    self.items[1] =
+                                        Some(ItemStack::new("minecraft:water_bucket", 1));
+                                }
                                 if let Some(i) = self.items[0].as_mut() {
                                     i.count -= 1;
                                     if i.count == 0 {

crates/horizon-client/src/effects.rs

@@ -179,13 +179,14 @@ impl PlayerEffects {
         self.list.clear();
     }
     /// The effects of a saved player (`Player.active_effects`: id,
-    /// duration, amplifier, ambient, visible).
+    /// duration, amplifier, ambient, particles visible).
     pub fn from_saved(saved: &[(String, i32, i32, bool, bool)]) -> Self {
         let mut effects = Self::default();
-        for (id, duration, amplifier, ambient, _) in saved {
+        for (id, duration, amplifier, ambient, particles) in saved {
             if let Some(def) = brewing::effect(id) {
                 let mut e = EffectInstance::new(def.id, *duration, *amplifier);
                 e.ambient = *ambient;
+                e.visible = *particles;
                 effects.add(e);
             }
         }
@@ -213,8 +214,9 @@ impl PlayerEffects {
     }
     /// `LivingEntity.tickEffects` (server part) with the omens' effect ticks:
     /// `omen` answers `BadOmenMobEffect` (every tick) and `RaidOmenMobEffect`
-    /// (on its last tick). Returns the actions to apply, in order, and
-    /// whether Raid Omen was newly added.
+    /// (on its last tick); `absorption_empty` is `AbsorptionMobEffect`'s
+    /// answer: the effect ends once the absorption is used up. Returns the
+    /// actions to apply, in order, and whether Raid Omen was newly added.
     ///
     /// Bad Omen turning into a new Raid Omen adds an entry to the map being
     /// iterated: vanilla's iterator then throws a
@@ -224,6 +226,7 @@ impl PlayerEffects {
     pub fn tick_with(
         &mut self,
         omen: &mut dyn FnMut(&EffectInstance) -> OmenTick,
+        absorption_empty: bool,
     ) -> (Vec<EffectAction>, bool) {
         self.tick_count = self.tick_count.wrapping_add(1);
         let mut actions = Vec::new();
@@ -246,6 +249,7 @@ impl PlayerEffects {
             let answer = match e.id {
                 "bad_omen" => omen(e),
                 "raid_omen" if t == 1 => omen(e),
+                "absorption" if absorption_empty => OmenTick::Remove,
                 _ => OmenTick::Continue,
             };
             match answer {
@@ -465,13 +469,13 @@ mod tests {
         };
         // The first tick adds Raid Omen and stops there (the iterator's
         // ConcurrentModificationException): Bad Omen and Speed stay as they were.
-        let (_, added) = fx.tick_with(&mut convert);
+        let (_, added) = fx.tick_with(&mut convert, false);
         assert!(added);
         assert_eq!(fx.get("bad_omen").unwrap().duration, 100);
         assert_eq!(fx.get("speed").unwrap().duration, 50);
         assert_eq!(fx.get("raid_omen").unwrap().duration, 600);
         // The second refreshes Raid Omen and drops Bad Omen.
-        let (_, added) = fx.tick_with(&mut convert);
+        let (_, added) = fx.tick_with(&mut convert, false);
         assert!(!added);
         assert!(fx.get("bad_omen").is_none());
         assert_eq!(fx.get("speed").unwrap().duration, 49);
@@ -486,9 +490,9 @@ mod tests {
             seen.push(e.duration);
             OmenTick::Remove
         };
-        fx.tick_with(&mut watch);
+        fx.tick_with(&mut watch, false);
         assert!(fx.get("raid_omen").is_some());
-        fx.tick_with(&mut watch);
+        fx.tick_with(&mut watch, false);
         assert!(fx.get("raid_omen").is_none());
         assert_eq!(seen, vec![1]);
     }

crates/horizon-client/src/entities.rs

@@ -582,17 +582,21 @@ impl Experience {
             7 + level * 2
         }
     }
-    /// Returns true when a level was gained.
-    pub fn give(&mut self, points: i32) -> bool {
-        let start = self.level;
+    /// Returns the first multiple of 5 the player reached, where each level
+    /// gained would play the level-up sound (`Player.giveExperienceLevels`).
+    pub fn give(&mut self, points: i32) -> Option<i32> {
+        let mut sound_level = None;
         self.progress += points as f32 / Self::needed(self.level) as f32;
         self.total = self.total.saturating_add(points).max(0);
         while self.progress >= 1.0 {
             self.progress = (self.progress - 1.0) * Self::needed(self.level) as f32;
             self.level += 1;
+            if self.level % 5 == 0 {
+                sound_level.get_or_insert(self.level);
+            }
             self.progress /= Self::needed(self.level) as f32;
         }
-        self.level > start
+        sound_level
     }
 }
 /// A painting (`Painting`, a `HangingEntity`): the block it hangs in, the

crates/horizon-client/src/entity.wgsl

@@ -203,7 +203,7 @@ fn crumbling_uv(uv: vec2<f32>, packed_origin: vec2<f32>, sprite_size: vec2<f32>,
     // lit texture, then the lightmap, then the glint and fog.
     color = vec4(mix(in.overlay_color.rgb, color.rgb, in.overlay_color.a), color.a);
     color *= in.light_color;
-    if in.overlay == 7u || in.overlay == 8u {
+    if in.overlay == 7u || in.overlay == 8u || in.overlay == 33u {
         // Enchantment glint (overlay 7, 8 with the hurt tint): the purple
         // enchanted_glint sheen drifting diagonally over the item's shape.
         let px = in.uv * vec2<f32>(textureDimensions(atlas));

crates/horizon-client/src/entity_nbt.rs

@@ -187,6 +187,31 @@ pub fn mob_to_nbt(m: &Mob, uuid: [i32; 4], raw: Option<&Tag>) -> Tag {
             map.remove(&horizon_world::nbt::JavaString::from(key));
         }
     }
+    // LivingEntity.addAdditionalSaveData: `active_effects` only when there are
+    // any (MobEffectInstance.CODEC; a mob's effects are never ambient, and one
+    // given with `hideParticles` shows neither particles nor its icon).
+    if m.extra.effects.is_empty() {
+        map.remove(&horizon_world::nbt::JavaString::from("active_effects"));
+    } else {
+        let effects = m
+            .extra
+            .effects
+            .iter()
+            .map(|&(effect, duration, amplifier)| {
+                let shown = !m.extra.hidden_effects.contains(&effect);
+                let mut e = vec![
+                    ("id", string(crate::brewing::namespaced(effect))),
+                    ("amplifier", Tag::Byte(amplifier.clamp(0, 255) as u8 as i8)),
+                    ("duration", Tag::Int(duration)),
+                ];
+                if !shown {
+                    e.push(("show_particles", Tag::Byte(0)));
+                }
+                e.push(("show_icon", Tag::Byte(i8::from(shown))));
+                Tag::compound(e)
+            });
+        map.insert("active_effects".into(), Tag::List(effects.collect()));
+    }
     map.insert(
         "Invulnerable".into(),
         Tag::Byte(i8::from(m.invulnerable_flag)),
@@ -466,7 +491,32 @@ pub fn mob_to_nbt(m: &Mob, uuid: [i32; 4], raw: Option<&Tag>) -> Tag {
             crate::mobs::villager::write_nbt(m, map);
         }
         "minecraft:wandering_trader" => put_offers(map, m),
-        "minecraft:axolotl" => write_axolotl_memories(m, map),
+        "minecraft:axolotl" => {
+            write_axolotl_memories(m, map);
+            map.insert(
+                "Variant".into(),
+                Tag::Int(i32::from(m.extra.variant.min(4))),
+            );
+        }
+        "minecraft:parrot" => {
+            map.insert(
+                "Variant".into(),
+                Tag::Int(i32::from(m.extra.variant.min(4))),
+            );
+        }
+        "minecraft:salmon" => {
+            let size = SALMON_SIZES[usize::from(m.extra.variant).min(2)];
+            map.insert("type".into(), string(size));
+        }
+        // TropicalFish.addAdditionalSaveData: the packed variant.
+        "minecraft:tropical_fish" => {
+            let pattern = m.extra.variant.min(11);
+            let packed = i32::from(pattern >= 6)
+                | i32::from(pattern % 6) << 8
+                | i32::from(m.extra.variant2 & 15) << 16
+                | i32::from(m.extra.variant3 & 15) << 24;
+            map.insert("Variant".into(), Tag::Int(packed));
+        }
         "minecraft:allay" => {
             // InventoryCarrier: the fetched stack; the liked player memory.
             let mut inv = Vec::new();
@@ -900,6 +950,25 @@ pub fn mob_from_nbt(tag: &Tag, types: &HashMap<String, Arc<MobType>>, id: u32) -
     m.no_gravity = flag(tag, "NoGravity");
     m.glowing = flag(tag, "Glowing");
     m.ticks_frozen = number(tag.get("TicksFrozen")).unwrap_or(0) as i32;
+    // LivingEntity.readAdditionalSaveData: the saved `active_effects`, the last
+    // entry of an effect winning.
+    if let Some(Tag::List(effects)) = tag.get("active_effects") {
+        for e in effects {
+            let Some(def) = text(e.get("id")).and_then(|id| crate::brewing::effect(&id)) else {
+                continue;
+            };
+            let effect = crate::brewing::namespaced(def.id);
+            let duration = number(e.get("duration")).unwrap_or(0) as i32;
+            let amplifier = number(e.get("amplifier")).unwrap_or(0) as i32;
+            m.extra.effects.retain(|x| x.0 != effect);
+            m.extra.effects.push((effect, duration, amplifier));
+            // Details.CODEC: `show_particles` defaults to true.
+            m.extra.hidden_effects.retain(|h| *h != effect);
+            if number(e.get("show_particles")) == Some(0) {
+                m.extra.hidden_effects.push(effect);
+            }
+        }
+    }
     m.silent = flag(tag, "Silent");
     m.invulnerable_flag = flag(tag, "Invulnerable");
     if m.species() == crate::mobs::Species::Bat {
@@ -1048,6 +1117,7 @@ pub fn mob_from_nbt(tag: &Tag, types: &HashMap<String, Arc<MobType>>, id: u32) -
     if m.species() == crate::mobs::Species::Axolotl {
         restore_axolotl_memories(&mut m, tag);
     }
+    read_variant(&mut m, tag);
     m.fire_ticks = number(tag.get("Fire")).unwrap_or(0) as i32;
     m.air = number(tag.get("Air")).unwrap_or(300) as i32;
     if m.species() == crate::mobs::Species::Allay {
@@ -2229,6 +2299,41 @@ fn write_axolotl_memories(m: &Mob, map: &mut Compound) {
         }
     }
 }
+/// The variant tags `Axolotl`, `Rabbit`, `Parrot`, `Salmon` and
+/// `TropicalFish` read; a missing tag is the default variant (a medium
+/// salmon, otherwise index 0).
+fn read_variant(m: &mut Mob, tag: &Tag) {
+    use crate::mobs::Species as S;
+    let int = |key| number(tag.get(key)).unwrap_or(0) as i32;
+    match m.species() {
+        S::Axolotl | S::Parrot => m.extra.variant = int("Variant").clamp(0, 4) as u8,
+        // Rabbit.Variant.LEGACY_CODEC: an unknown id is brown.
+        S::Rabbit => {
+            m.extra.variant = match int("RabbitType") {
+                v @ (0..=5 | 99) => v as u8,
+                _ => 0,
+            }
+        }
+        S::Salmon => {
+            m.extra.variant = text(tag.get("type"))
+                .and_then(|t| SALMON_SIZES.iter().position(|v| *v == t))
+                .unwrap_or(1) as u8;
+        }
+        S::TropicalFish => {
+            let packed = int("Variant");
+            let (size, index) = (packed & 0xFF, (packed >> 8) & 0xFF);
+            // TropicalFish.Pattern.byId: an unknown id is a kob.
+            m.extra.variant = if size <= 1 && index < 6 {
+                (size * 6 + index) as u8
+            } else {
+                0
+            };
+            m.extra.variant2 = ((packed >> 16) & 15) as u8;
+            m.extra.variant3 = ((packed >> 24) & 15) as u8;
+        }
+        _ => {}
+    }
+}
 fn restore_axolotl_memories(m: &mut Mob, tag: &Tag) {
     let memories = tag.get("Brain").and_then(|b| b.get("memories"));
     let ttl = memories

crates/horizon-client/src/font.rs

@@ -889,12 +889,17 @@ impl Font {
         if s.contains('§') {
             return self.width_text(&Text::legacy(s));
         }
-        s.chars().map(|c| self.glyph(c).advance).sum::<f32>().ceil()
+        crate::bidi::visual_str(s)
+            .chars()
+            .map(|c| self.glyph(c).advance)
+            .sum::<f32>()
+            .ceil()
     }
     /// Font.width of a component: `§` codes in the spans are formatting,
-    /// not glyphs.
+    /// not glyphs. Right-to-left text is measured as it is drawn, shaped.
     pub fn width_text(&self, t: &Text) -> f32 {
-        t.resolved()
+        let t = t.resolved();
+        crate::bidi::visual(&t)
             .chars()
             .map(|(c, s)| self.advance(c, s))
             .sum::<f32>()

crates/horizon-client/src/game.rs

@@ -63,7 +63,6 @@ mod frames;
 mod friends;
 mod functions;
 mod game_mode;
-mod game_rules_screen;
 mod gamemode_switcher;
 mod ghasts;
 mod golems;
@@ -571,6 +570,8 @@ struct GameLevel<'w> {
     player_collision: Option<PlayerCollision>,
     /// Minecart boxes (detector rails).
     cart_boxes: Vec<([f64; 3], [f64; 3])>,
+    /// Each minecart's kind and comparator signal, in `cart_boxes` order.
+    cart_signals: Vec<(minecarts::CartKind, i32)>,
     /// Arrow and thrown trident boxes (wooden buttons).
     arrow_boxes: Vec<([f64; 3], [f64; 3])>,
     /// The other entities that keep blocks from being placed into them.
@@ -649,6 +650,37 @@ impl EntityObstructionWorld for BuildingObstruction {
     }
 }
 impl GameLevel<'_> {
+    /// `DetectorRailBlock.getAnalogOutputSignal`: a powered rail reads the
+    /// minecart on it, a command block cart first (its success count, which
+    /// is 0 here), else the first container cart's fullness.
+    fn detector_rail_signal(&self, pos: BlockPos, powered: bool) -> i32 {
+        if !powered {
+            return 0;
+        }
+        let (x, y, z) = (f64::from(pos.x), f64::from(pos.y), f64::from(pos.z));
+        let area = Aabb::new(
+            Vec3::new(x + 0.2, y, z + 0.2),
+            Vec3::new(x + 0.8, y + 0.8, z + 0.8),
+        );
+        let mut container = None;
+        for ((lo, hi), &(kind, signal)) in self.cart_boxes.iter().zip(&self.cart_signals) {
+            let cart = Aabb::new(
+                Vec3::new(lo[0], lo[1], lo[2]),
+                Vec3::new(hi[0], hi[1], hi[2]),
+            );
+            if !area.intersects(cart) {
+                continue;
+            }
+            match kind {
+                minecarts::CartKind::CommandBlock => return 0,
+                minecarts::CartKind::Chest | minecarts::CartKind::Hopper => {
+                    container = container.or(Some(signal));
+                }
+                _ => {}
+            }
+        }
+        container.unwrap_or(0)
+    }
     /// Every entity box that blocks building: the players who aren't
     /// spectators, the minecarts and the `Blockers` (a removed mob or a marker
     /// armor stand, whose box is empty, doesn't).
@@ -709,6 +741,14 @@ impl LevelAccess for GameLevel<'_> {
         state: BlockStateId,
         _direction: Direction,
     ) -> i32 {
+        if let Some(s) = self.registry.state(state)
+            && s.name == "minecraft:detector_rail"
+        {
+            return self.detector_rail_signal(
+                pos,
+                s.properties.get("powered").is_some_and(|v| v == "true"),
+            );
+        }
         if let Some(signal) = command_blocks::analog_signal(self.world, (pos.x, pos.y, pos.z)) {
             return signal;
         }
@@ -2050,9 +2090,11 @@ impl Game<'_> {
     /// item in use (LocalPlayer.modifyInput), the helmet's Respiration
     /// (decreaseAirSupply), the wings, leather boots on powder snow
     /// (PowderSnowBlock.canEntityWalkOnPowderSnow), freeze-immune wear
-    /// (LivingEntity.canFreeze) and the dimension's FAST_LAVA.
+    /// (LivingEntity.canFreeze), the dimension's FAST_LAVA and the sleeping
+    /// pose.
     pub(crate) fn sync_player_body(&mut self) {
         let glider = self.glider_worn();
+        let sleeping = self.sleeping.is_some();
         let item_use_speed = self
             .using
             .and_then(|(slot, _)| {
@@ -2080,6 +2122,7 @@ impl Game<'_> {
         player.item_use_speed = item_use_speed;
         player.respiration = respiration;
         player.glider = glider;
+        let _ = player.set_sleeping(sleeping);
         player.leather_boots = leather_boots;
         player.freeze_immune = freeze_immune;
         player.fluids.fast_lava = self.dim == Dim::Nether;
@@ -2575,8 +2618,14 @@ impl Game<'_> {
                                 pickups::Taken::Item(Box::new(item.clone())),
                                 pickups::Collector::Player,
                             );
+                            // handleTakeItemEntity: the random pitch of a full pickup.
+                            let pitch = ((self.world.random.next_float()
+                                - self.world.random.next_float())
+                                * 0.7
+                                + 1.0)
+                                * 2.0;
                             self.audio
-                                .play("minecraft:entity.item.pickup", Some(feet), 0.2, 1.0);
+                                .play("minecraft:entity.item.pickup", Some(feet), 0.2, pitch);
                         }
                         item.stack = rest;
                     }
@@ -2633,6 +2682,7 @@ impl Game<'_> {
                 )
             })
             .collect();
+        let cart_signals = self.cart_signals();
         let arrow_boxes = self
             .creatures
             .projectiles
@@ -2675,6 +2725,7 @@ impl Game<'_> {
         };
         let mut level = GameLevel {
             cart_boxes,
+            cart_signals,
             arrow_boxes,
             blockers,
             world: &mut self.world,
@@ -3071,6 +3122,34 @@ impl Game<'_> {
                     pos,
                     data,
                 } => self.composter_fill_event(pos, data == 1),
+                // LevelEventHandler 1504: the stalactite's drip particle.
+                LevelEvent::LevelEvent { id: 1504, pos, .. } => self.dripstone_drip_particle(pos),
+                // LevelEventHandler 2006: the dragon fireball's burst.
+                LevelEvent::LevelEvent {
+                    id: 2006,
+                    pos,
+                    data,
+                } => self.dragon_fireball_burst(pos, data),
+                // LevelEventHandler 2009: a wet sponge drying.
+                LevelEvent::LevelEvent { id: 2009, pos, .. } => {
+                    self.puffs_above_block(pos, horizon_client::particles::ParticleType::Cloud)
+                }
+                // LevelEventHandler 2012: a turtle egg laid.
+                LevelEvent::LevelEvent {
+                    id: 2012,
+                    pos,
+                    data,
+                } => self.turtle_egg_particles(pos, data),
+                // LevelEventHandler 2014: a straw bed destroyed, with no sound.
+                LevelEvent::LevelEvent {
+                    id: 2014,
+                    pos,
+                    data,
+                } => self.destroy_particles([pos.x, pos.y, pos.z], BlockStateId(data as u32)),
+                // LevelEventHandler 3009: a sniffer egg cracking.
+                LevelEvent::LevelEvent { id: 3009, pos, .. } => {
+                    self.sniffer_egg_crack_particles(pos)
+                }
                 LevelEvent::LevelEvent {
                     id: id @ 3011..=3021,
                     pos,
@@ -3086,6 +3165,16 @@ impl Game<'_> {
                         1501 => Some(("minecraft:block.lava.extinguish", 0.5)),
                         1009 => Some(("minecraft:block.fire.extinguish", 0.5)),
                         1502 => Some(("minecraft:block.redstone_torch.burnout", 0.5)),
+                        1033 => Some(("minecraft:block.chorus_flower.grow", 1.0)),
+                        1034 => Some(("minecraft:block.chorus_flower.death", 1.0)),
+                        1046 => Some((
+                            "minecraft:block.pointed_dripstone.drip_lava_into_cauldron",
+                            2.0,
+                        )),
+                        1047 => Some((
+                            "minecraft:block.pointed_dripstone.drip_water_into_cauldron",
+                            2.0,
+                        )),
                         // LevelEvent.SOUND_ZOMBIE_WOODEN_DOOR (attack, break).
                         1019 => Some(("minecraft:entity.zombie.attack_wooden_door", 2.0)),
                         1021 => Some(("minecraft:entity.zombie.break_wooden_door", 2.0)),
@@ -3107,6 +3196,13 @@ impl Game<'_> {
                                     - self.world.random.next_float())
                                     * 0.8
                             }
+                            // LevelEventHandler draws these from the client
+                            // level's random, before 1501's and 1502's smoke.
+                            1501 | 1502 => {
+                                let r = self.particles.level_random();
+                                2.6 + (r.next_float() - r.next_float()) * 0.8
+                            }
+                            1046 | 1047 => self.particles.level_random().next_float() * 0.1 + 0.9,
                             1029 | 1030 | 1042 | 1043 | 1044 | 1053 | 1054 => {
                                 self.world.random.next_float() * 0.1 + 0.9
                             }
@@ -3125,6 +3221,15 @@ impl Game<'_> {
                             self.audio.play(name, c, volume, pitch);
                         }
                     }
+                    // LevelEventHandler 1501 and 1502 draw their smoke after the sound.
+                    match id {
+                        1501 => self.puffs_above_block(
+                            pos,
+                            horizon_client::particles::ParticleType::LargeSmoke,
+                        ),
+                        1502 => self.torch_burnout_smoke(pos),
+                        _ => {}
+                    }
                 }
                 LevelEvent::Sound {
                     pos,
@@ -3191,6 +3296,8 @@ impl Game<'_> {
                     // Popped as the behaviour emits it (GameLevel::emit).
                     PlayerEffect::DropItem(_) => {}
                     PlayerEffect::EatCake => {
+                        // CakeBlock.eat
+                        self.stats.custom("eat_cake_slice", 1);
                         if let Some(p) = self.player.as_mut() {
                             let food = &mut p.health.food;
                             food.food = (food.food + 2).min(20);
@@ -3324,11 +3431,18 @@ impl Game<'_> {
             self.open_command_block(key);
             return;
         }
+        // SignBlock.useWithoutItem: the text editor, not a container.
+        if horizon_client::signs::sign_kind(&name).is_some() {
+            self.use_sign_empty_hand(pos);
+            return;
+        }
         if &*name == "minecraft:crafting_table" {
             self.craft_size = 3;
             self.craft_table = Some(pos);
         } else if &*name == "minecraft:ender_chest" {
             self.open_ender_chest(key);
+            // EnderChestBlock.useWithoutItem
+            self.stats.custom("open_enderchest", 1);
             self.container_opener_event(key, true);
             let at = [
                 f64::from(key.0) + 0.5,
@@ -3720,6 +3834,21 @@ impl Game<'_> {
                 {
                     self.hive_broken_by_player(pos, hive, honey, facing);
                 }
+                // InfestedBlock.spawnAfterBreak: its silverfish comes out unless the
+                // tool has silk touch (#prevents_infested_spawns) or blocks don't drop.
+                if facts.name.starts_with("minecraft:infested_")
+                    && !silk
+                    && self.ui.rules.bool("block_drops")
+                {
+                    let at = [
+                        f64::from(pos[0]) + 0.5,
+                        f64::from(pos[1]),
+                        f64::from(pos[2]) + 0.5,
+                    ];
+                    if let Some(id) = self.spawn_mob("minecraft:silverfish", at, false) {
+                        self.mob_poof(id);
+                    }
+                }
                 // SpawnerBlock.spawnAfterBreak pops its experience whatever the tool.
                 let xp = if silk && &*facts.name != "minecraft:spawner" {
                     0
@@ -3841,6 +3970,10 @@ impl Game<'_> {
                 self.swing_arm();
                 return Ok(true);
             }
+            if self.use_sign_applicator(hit.pos, held.as_ref()) {
+                self.swing_arm();
+                return Ok(true);
+            }
             if self.use_jukebox(hit.pos, held.as_ref()) {
                 self.swing_arm();
                 return Ok(true);
@@ -3900,6 +4033,20 @@ impl Game<'_> {
                     )
                 });
                 self.process_level_events()?;
+                // NoteBlock.useWithoutItem (tuned) and BellBlock.onHit (rung).
+                if result == horizon_world::level::InteractionResult::Success {
+                    let name = self
+                        .res
+                        .facts()
+                        .get(self.world.block(hit.pos[0], hit.pos[1], hit.pos[2]))
+                        .name
+                        .clone();
+                    match &*name {
+                        "minecraft:note_block" => self.stats.custom("tune_noteblock", 1),
+                        "minecraft:bell" => self.stats.custom("bell_ring", 1),
+                        _ => {}
+                    }
+                }
                 if result.consumes_action() {
                     self.swing_arm();
                     return Ok(true);
@@ -4688,7 +4835,6 @@ impl Game<'_> {
             player.dimensions.eye_height
         };
         self.eye += (camera_eye.unwrap_or(eye_height) - self.eye) * 0.5;
-        let crouching = player.pose == horizon_client::pose::Pose::Crouching;
         // `LivingEntity.baseTick` (Soul Speed) comes before `aiStep` (the
         // glide's wear): both draw from the level random.
         if let Some((at, velocity)) = self.tick_soul_speed() {
@@ -4724,10 +4870,12 @@ impl Game<'_> {
                 MotionEvent::HurtSound(sound) => self.player_hurt_sound(sound, feet),
                 MotionEvent::Emission {
                     state, in_water, ..
-                } if !crouching => {
+                } => {
                     let sounds = self.res.facts().get(state).sounds.clone();
                     // Entity.playStepSound: the block's step sound at 0.15 volume,
-                    // muffled under the swim sound in water.
+                    // muffled under the swim sound in water. Whether it plays is
+                    // Player.getMovementEmission's call (shift on the ground),
+                    // not the pose: a forced crouch still steps.
                     let (volume, pitch) = if in_water {
                         (sounds.volume * 0.05, sounds.pitch * 0.8)
                     } else {
@@ -4739,26 +4887,21 @@ impl Game<'_> {
                     self.audio
                         .play("minecraft:entity.player.swim", Some(feet), volume, pitch);
                 }
+                MotionEvent::Chime { volume, pitch } => {
+                    self.audio.play(
+                        "minecraft:block.amethyst_block.chime",
+                        Some(feet),
+                        volume,
+                        pitch,
+                    );
+                }
                 MotionEvent::Drown => {
-                    // LivingEntity.makeDrownParticles: eight bubbles moving
-                    // with the player.
-                    use horizon_client::particles::{ParticleOptions, ParticleType};
-                    for _ in 0..8 {
-                        let mut triangle = || {
-                            let r = self.particles.random();
-                            r.next_double() - r.next_double()
-                        };
-                        let p = [
-                            feet[0] + triangle(),
-                            feet[1] + triangle(),
-                            feet[2] + triangle(),
-                        ];
-                        self.particles.add(
-                            &ParticleOptions::simple(ParticleType::Bubble),
-                            p,
-                            player_velocity,
-                        );
+                    // The guests see the entity event 67 too.
+                    if let Some(host) = &self.lan {
+                        host.hub
+                            .entity_event(host.host_entity, combat::DROWN_EVENT, feet);
                     }
+                    self.drown_particles(feet, player_velocity);
                 }
                 MotionEvent::BubbleColumnParticle { bubble, position } => {
                     // ServerLevel.sendParticles: SPLASH (speed 1) or BUBBLE
@@ -4794,6 +4937,10 @@ impl Game<'_> {
                     };
                     self.audio.play(name, Some(feet), volume, pitch);
                 }
+                // Player.causeFallDamage: a fall of 2 blocks or more counts.
+                MotionEvent::Fall(horizon_client::landing::FallEvent::Statistic(cm)) => {
+                    self.stats.custom("fall_one_cm", cm)
+                }
                 // LivingEntity.checkFallDamage: the block's crumbs where the fall landed.
                 MotionEvent::Fall(horizon_client::landing::FallEvent::Particles {
                     state,
@@ -4861,6 +5008,7 @@ impl Game<'_> {
             }
         }
         self.powder_snow_fire()?;
+        self.rain_extinguish_in_frame();
         self.tick_totem();
         let Some(player) = self.player.as_mut() else {
             return Ok(());
@@ -5157,10 +5305,13 @@ impl Game<'_> {
         if capture && !self.focused {
             return;
         }
-        if capture {
-            // The inventory's screens are behind us: no drag survives them.
-            self.reset_inventory_clicks();
-        } else {
+        // The container screen's press state belongs to the screen: a screen
+        // that takes the pointer over starts with its own state, as
+        // `AbstractContainerScreen` does, so a press whose release never
+        // arrived (the pointer left the window) cannot wedge the next
+        // screen's quick move and clicks.
+        self.reset_inventory_clicks();
+        if !capture {
             self.stop_mining();
         }
         // The real pointer takes over from an agent's.
@@ -6009,12 +6160,14 @@ impl Game<'_> {
         }
     }
     /// `AbstractContainerScreen` keeps `isQuickCrafting` and the drag it
-    /// belongs to on the screen; Horizon keeps them on the game, so they are
-    /// dropped when a screen closes. A press whose release never reaches the
-    /// screen (the pointer left the window, or the screen closed first) would
+    /// belongs to on the screen. Horizon keeps both on `Game` (`inv_clicks`,
+    /// `inv_drag`, `last_inv_click`), so they are dropped when the pointer
+    /// changes hands: a screen that opens or closes starts with its own
+    /// state, and a press whose release never reached the screen -- the
+    /// pointer left the window, or the screen closed first -- would
     /// otherwise leave every later press on every later screen swallowed.
     pub(super) fn reset_inventory_clicks(&mut self) {
-        self.inv_clicks = Default::default();
+        self.inv_clicks.cancel_drag();
         self.inv_drag = None;
         self.last_inv_click = None;
     }
@@ -7930,13 +8083,15 @@ impl Game<'_> {
     }
     /// The visual and sound part of `Player.doSweepAttack` after a successful hit.
     pub(super) fn sweep_attack(&mut self, at: [f64; 3], from: Option<[f64; 3]>) {
-        self.particles.add(
-            &horizon_client::particles::ParticleOptions::simple(
-                horizon_client::particles::ParticleType::SweepAttack,
-            ),
-            at,
-            [0.0; 3],
+        let sweep = horizon_client::particles::ParticleOptions::simple(
+            horizon_client::particles::ParticleType::SweepAttack,
         );
+        self.particles.add(&sweep, at, [0.0; 3]);
+        // Player.sweepAttack's `sendParticles(SWEEP_ATTACK, ..., 0, dx, 0, dz, 0)`:
+        // the offset is the one from the player to the particle.
+        let origin = from.unwrap_or(at);
+        let spread = [at[0] - origin[0], 0.0, at[2] - origin[2]];
+        self.lan_send_particles(&sweep, at, spread, 0.0, 0);
         self.audio
             .play("minecraft:entity.player.attack.sweep", from, 1.0, 1.0);
     }
@@ -8091,11 +8246,6 @@ impl Game<'_> {
         let sweep = self.sweep_attack_position(scale, crit);
         let (knockback, knockback_attack) = self.extra_knockback(&target_kind, scale);
         self.attack_ticks = 0;
-        if let Some(p) = self.player.as_mut()
-            && !self.creative
-        {
-            p.cause_food_exhaustion(0.1);
-        }
         let player = self.player.as_ref();
         let from = player.map(|p| [p.position.x, p.position.y, p.position.z]);
         if knockback_attack {
@@ -8175,6 +8325,14 @@ impl Game<'_> {
                     0.2,
                     (actual * 0.5) as u32,
                 );
+                // The players a server serves are sent them too.
+                self.lan_send_particles(
+                    &indicator,
+                    [feet[0], feet[1] + height * 0.5, feet[2]],
+                    [0.1, 0.0, 0.1],
+                    0.2,
+                    (actual * 0.5) as u32,
+                );
             }
             self.last_hurt_by_player
                 .insert(self.mobs[index].id, self.lan_acting);
@@ -8205,6 +8363,13 @@ impl Game<'_> {
                 }
             }
             self.weapon_hit(index);
+            // Player.attack: causeFoodExhaustion(0.1F) only when the hit hurt
+            // (inside `if (wasHurt)`), after damageStatsAndHearts.
+            if let Some(p) = self.player.as_mut()
+                && !self.creative
+            {
+                p.cause_food_exhaustion(0.1);
+            }
         } else {
             self.audio
                 .play("minecraft:entity.player.attack.nodamage", from, 1.0, 1.0);
@@ -8768,6 +8933,10 @@ impl Game<'_> {
         }
         self.lan_close(false);
         self.save_game()?;
+        if let Some(mut remote) = self.remote.take() {
+            // Minecraft.disconnect closes the connection, so the host sees a clean leave.
+            remote.session.disconnect();
+        }
         self.saved_for_exit = true;
         Ok(())
     }
@@ -9049,6 +9218,9 @@ impl Game<'_> {
         if result.outcome == Outcome::Pass {
             return Ok(false);
         }
+        if let Some(stat) = result.stat {
+            self.stats.custom(stat, 1);
+        }
         if let Some(block) = result.block
             && let Ok(new) = registry.resolve(&block)
         {
@@ -9751,16 +9923,13 @@ impl Game<'_> {
     /// sound every fifth level (at most every 100 ticks).
     pub(super) fn give_orb_points(&mut self, gained: u32) {
         let at = self.eye_position();
-        if self.experience.give(gained as i32)
-            && self.experience.level % 5 == 0
+        // Player.giveExperienceLevels runs per level, so the first multiple of 5
+        // crossed plays the sound (and starts the cooldown for the rest).
+        if let Some(level) = self.experience.give(gained as i32)
             && self.ticks > self.last_level_up + 100
         {
             self.last_level_up = self.ticks;
-            let volume = if self.experience.level > 30 {
-                1.0
-            } else {
-                self.experience.level as f32 / 30.0
-            };
+            let volume = if level > 30 { 1.0 } else { level as f32 / 30.0 };
             self.audio
                 .play("minecraft:entity.player.levelup", at, volume * 0.75, 1.0);
         }
@@ -9825,7 +9994,7 @@ impl Game<'_> {
             velocity,
             on_ground,
         );
-        self.creatures.projectiles.push(arrow);
+        self.add_projectile(arrow);
         self.player_projectile_shot();
         let pitch = 1.0 / (self.world.random.next_float() * 0.4 + 1.2) + power * 0.5;
         self.audio
@@ -10130,6 +10299,14 @@ impl Game<'_> {
         };
         Some(t < 0.15)
     }
+    /// `Level.isRainingAt`: it rains, the sky light is 15, nothing that stops
+    /// motion is above, and the biome's precipitation there is rain.
+    fn raining_at(&self, p: BlockPos) -> bool {
+        self.world.weather.levels(1.0).0 > 0.2
+            && self.world.light(p.x, p.y, p.z) >> 4 == 15
+            && self.rain_height(p.x, p.z) <= p.y
+            && self.precipitation(p.x, p.y, p.z) == Some(false)
+    }
     /// `getHeight(Heightmap.Types.MOTION_BLOCKING, x, z)`: one above the
     /// highest block in `blocks_motion_in_heightmap` or holding a fluid.
     fn rain_height(&self, x: i32, z: i32) -> i32 {
@@ -10166,12 +10343,15 @@ impl Game<'_> {
                 } else {
                     ("minecraft:weather.rain", 0.2, 1.0)
                 };
-                self.audio.play(
-                    name,
-                    Some([f64::from(x) + 0.5, f64::from(top), f64::from(z) + 0.5]),
-                    volume,
-                    pitch,
-                );
+                // The Horizon Weather option off silences the rain too.
+                if self.settings.horizon.weather {
+                    self.audio.play(
+                        name,
+                        Some([f64::from(x) + 0.5, f64::from(top), f64::from(z) + 0.5]),
+                        volume,
+                        pitch,
+                    );
+                }
             }
         }
     }
@@ -10714,6 +10894,9 @@ impl Game<'_> {
         let level = &mut self.level;
         level.creative = self.creative;
         level.game_mode = mode;
+        // PrimaryLevelData.setDifficulty: /difficulty and the options button change it.
+        level.difficulty =
+            horizon_client::title::DIFFICULTIES[usize::from(self.ui.difficulty) & 3].into();
         level.time = self.world.game_time;
         level.weather = self.world.weather;
         level.day_time = self.world.day_time;
@@ -10869,6 +11052,21 @@ impl Game<'_> {
             }
             return Ok(false);
         }
+        // A server pack's reload covers the frame with its progress
+        // (`LoadingOverlay`) until `tick_server_packs` applies it.
+        if let Some(reload) = &self.server_packs.reload {
+            if let Some(renderer) = &mut self.renderer {
+                let mut hud = HudBatch::new([renderer.config.width, renderer.config.height]);
+                horizon_client::level_loading::draw_progress(
+                    &mut hud,
+                    &self.gui.atlas,
+                    reload.progress.line(),
+                    reload.progress.fraction(),
+                );
+                return renderer.render(&loading_frame(&hud));
+            }
+            return Ok(false);
+        }
         let Some(size) = self
             .renderer
             .as_ref()
@@ -10989,7 +11187,11 @@ impl Game<'_> {
         let debug_crosshair = horizon_client::gizmos::camera_relative(&crosshair.on_top, at, view);
         // LevelExtractor.extractBlockOutline: model translucency controls draw order.
         let mut outline_after_terrain = false;
-        let outline = if self.screen == Screen::Playing && !self.spectator() {
+        // GameRenderer.shouldRenderBlockOutline: not with the HUD hidden (F1), and only for a
+        // player who may build. Adventure players only get one with a CAN_BREAK or
+        // CAN_PLACE_ON item and spectators with a menu block; Horizon reads neither the
+        // components nor opens menus for spectators, so those never show it.
+        let outline = if self.screen == Screen::Playing && !self.ui.hide_gui && self.may_build() {
             self.pick()
                 .map(|h| {
                     let state = self.world.block(h.pos[0], h.pos[1], h.pos[2]);
@@ -11185,6 +11387,7 @@ impl Game<'_> {
             dark_disc: self.dark_disc(camera),
             outline,
             outline_after_terrain,
+            outline_high_contrast: self.settings.file.bool("highContrastBlockOutline"),
             debug_lines: &debug_lines,
             debug_lines_on_top: &debug_lines_on_top,
             debug_crosshair: &debug_crosshair,
@@ -11244,7 +11447,7 @@ impl Game<'_> {
             }),
             ticks: self.ticks,
             darkness: self.darkness_lighting(alpha as f32),
-            night_vision: self.night_vision_intensity(),
+            night_vision: self.night_vision_intensity(alpha as f32),
             block_flicker: self.fog.block_light_flicker,
             boss_darken: self
                 .boss_overlay
@@ -11951,6 +12154,19 @@ impl ApplicationHandler for Game<'_> {
         {
             return;
         }
+        // The pack reload's progress overlay takes no input
+        // (`LoadingOverlay`): `start_pack_reload` released what was held.
+        if self.server_packs.reload.is_some()
+            && !matches!(
+                &event,
+                WindowEvent::CloseRequested
+                    | WindowEvent::Focused(_)
+                    | WindowEvent::Resized(_)
+                    | WindowEvent::RedrawRequested
+            )
+        {
+            return;
+        }
         if self.pending_save.is_some() {
             match event {
                 WindowEvent::CloseRequested => {
@@ -12174,7 +12390,8 @@ impl ApplicationHandler for Game<'_> {
                     let (action, sound) = self.title.as_mut().map_or((Action::None, false), |t| {
                         let clicked = t.click(self.cursor.0, self.cursor.1, (b.width, b.height));
                         t.press_field(atlas, self.cursor, (b.width, b.height), shift);
-                        clicked
+                        let rules = t.press_rules(atlas, self.cursor, (b.width, b.height));
+                        (clicked.0, clicked.1 || rules)
                     });
                     self.save_title_options();
                     if sound {
@@ -12752,6 +12969,16 @@ impl ApplicationHandler for Game<'_> {
         }
     }
     fn about_to_wait(&mut self, event_loop: &ActiveEventLoop) {
+        if horizon_threads::stop_requests() > 0
+            && self.pending_save.as_ref().is_none_or(|save| !save.quit)
+        {
+            // SIGTERM, SIGINT or SIGHUP: the shutdown hook's server halt, as a window close.
+            if let Err(error) = self.begin_closing_save(true) {
+                self.error = Some(error);
+                event_loop.exit();
+                return;
+            }
+        }
         if self.pending_save.is_some() {
             match self.poll_closing_save() {
                 Ok(true) => event_loop.exit(),
@@ -13447,7 +13674,6 @@ const NUMERIC_KEYS: [KeyCode; 11] = [
     KeyCode::Numpad9,
 ];
 
-const STAGES: u32 = 10;
 const STAGE_LINES: [&str; 10] = [
     "Loading menu",
     "Loading assets",
@@ -13463,19 +13689,28 @@ const STAGE_LINES: [&str; 10] = [
 
 /// The background loader's checkpoint, read by the loading screen each frame.
 #[derive(Clone)]
-struct Progress(Arc<AtomicU32>);
+struct Progress {
+    value: Arc<AtomicU32>,
+    lines: &'static [&'static str],
+}
 impl Progress {
     fn new() -> Self {
-        Self(Arc::new(AtomicU32::new(0)))
+        Self::with(&STAGE_LINES)
+    }
+    fn with(lines: &'static [&'static str]) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            value: Arc::new(AtomicU32::new(0)),
+            lines,
+        }
     }
     fn set(&self, stage: u32) {
-        self.0.store(stage, Ordering::Relaxed);
+        self.value.store(stage, Ordering::Relaxed);
     }
     fn fraction(&self) -> f32 {
-        self.0.load(Ordering::Relaxed) as f32 / (STAGES - 1) as f32
+        self.value.load(Ordering::Relaxed) as f32 / (self.lines.len() - 1) as f32
     }
     fn line(&self) -> &'static str {
-        STAGE_LINES[(self.0.load(Ordering::Relaxed) as usize).min(STAGE_LINES.len() - 1)]
+        self.lines[(self.value.load(Ordering::Relaxed) as usize).min(self.lines.len() - 1)]
     }
 }
 
@@ -13929,6 +14164,7 @@ fn loading_frame(hud: &HudBatch) -> Frame<'_> {
         dark_disc: false,
         outline: Vec::new(),
         outline_after_terrain: false,
+        outline_high_contrast: false,
         debug_lines: &[],
         debug_lines_on_top: &[],
         debug_crosshair: &[],
@@ -14241,6 +14477,11 @@ impl Loading {
         }
     }
     fn about_to_wait(&mut self, event_loop: &ActiveEventLoop) {
+        if horizon_threads::stop_requests() > 0 {
+            // No world is open yet: nothing to save.
+            event_loop.exit();
+            return;
+        }
         if let Err(error) = self.poll_menu_resources() {
             self.error = Some(error);
             event_loop.exit();
@@ -14518,6 +14759,9 @@ pub fn run() -> Result<()> {
     {
         horizon_client::heartbeat::start();
     }
+    if options.execution_role.is_client() {
+        horizon_threads::catch_stop_signals();
+    }
     let started = Instant::now();
     horizon_client::spans::enable(options.spikes.is_some());
     let vanilla_root = options.resources.clone();

crates/horizon-client/src/game/advancements.rs

@@ -708,6 +708,27 @@ impl Game<'_> {
         let it = item_view(stack);
         self.trigger(name, |c, w| adv::item_entity(c, &me, target, &it, w));
     }
+    /// `TradeTrigger`: the villager and the item the trade gave.
+    pub(super) fn trigger_trade(&mut self, villager: &EntityView, stack: &ItemStack) {
+        let me = self.player_entity();
+        let villager = villager.clone();
+        let it = item_view(stack);
+        self.trigger("minecraft:villager_trade", move |c, w| {
+            let pctx = adv::Entities {
+                this: Some(&me),
+                origin: me.position,
+                tool: None,
+                block_pos: None,
+            };
+            let vctx = adv::Entities {
+                this: Some(&villager),
+                ..pctx
+            };
+            adv::conditions(&c["player"], &pctx, w)
+                && adv::conditions(&c["villager"], &vctx, w)
+                && adv::item(&c["item"], &it, w)
+        });
+    }
     /// `EnterBlockTrigger`: the block, its state properties and the player.
     pub(super) fn trigger_enter_block(&mut self, state: horizon_world::registry::BlockStateId) {
         let Some(definition) = self.pack.assets.registry.state(state).cloned() else {

crates/horizon-client/src/game/allays.rs

@@ -131,7 +131,8 @@ impl Game<'_> {
         let m = &mut self.mobs[i];
         m.extra.ints[1] -= 1;
         m.extra.ints[3] = 60;
-        self.spawn_item(ItemStack::new(&item, 1), from, v, 40);
+        // ItemEntity.setDefaultPickUpDelay.
+        self.spawn_item(ItemStack::new(&item, 1), from, v, 10);
         if self.world.game_time % 7 == 0 && self.world.random.next_double() < 0.9 {
             const PITCHES: [f32; 16] = [
                 0.5625, 0.625, 0.75, 0.9375, 1.0, 1.0, 1.125, 1.25, 1.5, 1.875, 2.0, 2.25, 2.5,

crates/horizon-client/src/game/block_entity_anims.rs

@@ -547,7 +547,7 @@ impl Game<'_> {
         });
     }
     /// `Entity.isInRain`: rain at the block position or at the top of the box.
-    fn in_rain(&mut self, at: Vec3, top: f64) -> bool {
+    pub(super) fn in_rain(&mut self, at: Vec3, top: f64) -> bool {
         let p = BlockPos::new(
             at.x.floor() as i32,
             at.y.floor() as i32,

crates/horizon-client/src/game/chat.rs

@@ -789,6 +789,11 @@ impl Game<'_> {
     pub(super) fn sync_rules(&mut self) {
         self.world.health_rules.natural_regeneration =
             self.ui.rules.bool("natural_health_regeneration");
+        // Player.isInvulnerableTo: the damage-type rules.
+        self.world.health_rules.drowning_damage = self.ui.rules.bool("drowning_damage");
+        self.world.health_rules.fall_damage = self.ui.rules.bool("fall_damage");
+        self.world.health_rules.fire_damage = self.ui.rules.bool("fire_damage");
+        self.world.health_rules.freeze_damage = self.ui.rules.bool("freeze_damage");
         use horizon_world::food::Difficulty;
         self.world.health_rules.difficulty = match self.ui.difficulty {
             0 => Difficulty::Peaceful,
@@ -801,7 +806,11 @@ impl Game<'_> {
     pub(super) fn load_world_state(&mut self) {
         self.ui.rules = GameRules::load(&self.world_root);
         self.ui.clock = WorldClock::default();
-        self.ui.difficulty = read_difficulty(&self.world_root).unwrap_or(2);
+        // PrimaryLevelData: the difficulty comes back from level.dat's difficulty_settings.
+        self.ui.difficulty = horizon_client::title::DIFFICULTIES
+            .iter()
+            .position(|d| *d == self.level.difficulty)
+            .map_or(2, |i| i as u8);
         if let Ok(bytes) = std::fs::read(self.world_root.join("data/minecraft/world_clocks.dat"))
             && let Ok(raw) = horizon_world::compression::Compression::Gzip.decode(&bytes, 1 << 20)
             && let Ok((root, _)) =
@@ -826,9 +835,9 @@ impl Game<'_> {
         self.build_registries();
         self.sync_rules();
     }
-    /// Save the clock and the difficulty beside level.dat (Level.write saves
-    /// the game rules: a second writer of game_rules.dat could leave it with
-    /// the rules loaded when the world opened).
+    /// Save the clock beside level.dat (Level.write saves the game rules: a
+    /// second writer of game_rules.dat could leave it with the rules loaded
+    /// when the world opened).
     pub(super) fn save_world_state(&mut self) {
         if self.world_root.as_os_str().is_empty() {
             return;
@@ -876,9 +885,6 @@ impl Game<'_> {
         if let Err(e) = horizon_client::save::write_dat(&path, root) {
             log::warn!("the world clocks were not written: {e}");
         }
-        if let Err(e) = write_difficulty(&self.world_root, self.ui.difficulty) {
-            log::warn!("the difficulty was not written: {e}");
-        }
     }
     /// Death message in chat (CombatTracker.getDeathMessage, as far as the
     /// cause is known to the client).
@@ -988,34 +994,6 @@ pub fn screenshot_name(dir: &std::path::Path) -> String {
         n += 1;
     }
 }
-fn read_difficulty(world: &std::path::Path) -> Option<u8> {
-    let bytes = std::fs::read(world.join("level.dat")).ok()?;
-    let raw = horizon_world::compression::Compression::Gzip
-        .decode(&bytes, 64 << 20)
-        .ok()?;
-    let (root, _) =
-        horizon_world::nbt::read_named(&raw, horizon_world::nbt::Limits::default()).ok()?;
-    match root.tag.get("Data")?.get("Difficulty")? {
-        horizon_world::nbt::Tag::Byte(b) => Some((*b).clamp(0, 3) as u8),
-        _ => None,
-    }
-}
-/// Patch `Data.Difficulty` in level.dat (Level::write stores the default).
-fn write_difficulty(world: &std::path::Path, difficulty: u8) -> horizon_client::Result<()> {
-    use horizon_world::{compression::Compression, nbt};
-    let path = world.join("level.dat");
-    let bytes = std::fs::read(&path)?;
-    let raw = Compression::Gzip.decode(&bytes, 64 << 20)?;
-    let (mut root, _) = nbt::read_named(&raw, nbt::Limits::default()).map_err(|e| e.to_string())?;
-    if let Some(data) = root.tag.get_mut("Data")
-        && let Some(d) = data.get_mut("Difficulty")
-    {
-        *d = nbt::Tag::Byte(difficulty as i8);
-    }
-    let out = nbt::write_named(&root, nbt::Limits::default()).map_err(|e| e.to_string())?;
-    std::fs::write(&path, Compression::Gzip.encode(&out)?)?;
-    Ok(())
-}
 
 /// `IntegratedServer.getProfilePermissions` for the owner: `OWNER` (4) when
 /// commands are allowed, else `ALL` (0).

crates/horizon-client/src/game/combat.rs

@@ -1,7 +1,16 @@
 //! The player's `CombatTracker`: the damage taken lately, who dealt it and
 //! where the player fell from, turned into the vanilla death message.
 use super::{Game, chat::PLAYER_NAME};
-use horizon_client::{health::HealthEvent, motion::MotionEvent, text::Text};
+use horizon_client::{
+    health::HealthEvent,
+    motion::MotionEvent,
+    particles::{ParticleOptions, ParticleType},
+    text::Text,
+};
+use horizon_core::random::RandomSource;
+
+/// `EntityEvent.DROWN_PARTICLES`: broadcast with the drowning damage.
+pub(super) const DROWN_EVENT: i8 = 67;
 
 struct Entry {
     damage_type: String,
@@ -45,6 +54,38 @@ pub(super) struct CombatTracker {
     fall_before: f64,
 }
 impl Game<'_> {
+    /// `LivingEntity.makeDrownParticles`: eight bubbles around the entity,
+    /// moving with it.
+    pub(super) fn drown_particles(&mut self, at: [f64; 3], velocity: [f64; 3]) {
+        let bubble = ParticleOptions::simple(ParticleType::Bubble);
+        for _ in 0..8 {
+            let mut triangle = || {
+                let r = self.particles.random();
+                r.next_double() - r.next_double()
+            };
+            let p = [at[0] + triangle(), at[1] + triangle(), at[2] + triangle()];
+            self.particles.add(&bubble, p, velocity);
+        }
+    }
+    /// Entity event 67 from a server, for this client's own player or an
+    /// entity it draws.
+    pub(super) fn remote_drown(&mut self, id: i32) {
+        let own = self.remote.as_ref().is_some_and(|r| r.entity_id == id);
+        let body = if own {
+            self.player.as_ref().map(|p| {
+                let (at, v) = (p.position, p.velocity);
+                ([at.x, at.y, at.z], [v.x, v.y, v.z])
+            })
+        } else {
+            self.mobs.iter().find(|m| m.id == id as u32).map(|m| {
+                let (at, v) = (m.position, m.velocity);
+                ([at.x, at.y, at.z], [v.x, v.y, v.z])
+            })
+        };
+        if let Some((at, v)) = body {
+            self.drown_particles(at, v);
+        }
+    }
     /// The display name of a mob: its custom name or its type's name.
     pub(super) fn mob_display_name(&self, id: u32) -> Option<Text> {
         let m = self.mobs.iter().find(|m| m.id == id)?;
@@ -82,8 +123,8 @@ impl Game<'_> {
     /// `LivingEntity.handleDamageEvent` for the player: the hurt sound of the
     /// source's `DamageEffects` (`Player.getHurtSound`).
     pub(super) fn player_hurt_sound(&mut self, sound: &str, at: [f64; 3]) {
-        let pitch = self.audio.hurt_pitch();
-        self.audio.play(sound, Some(at), 1.0, pitch);
+        // Player.getVoicePitch: always 1.0.
+        self.audio.play(sound, Some(at), 1.0, 1.0);
     }
     /// `CombatTracker.recordDamage` for the motion events of this tick.
     pub(super) fn record_combat(&mut self, events: &[MotionEvent]) {

crates/horizon-client/src/game/command_blocks.rs

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 //! tick (`execute`, `executeChain`), `BaseCommandBlock.performCommand`
 //! through the command system with the block's output, and
 //! `CommandBlockEditScreen` with what `handleSetCommandBlock` does with it.
-use super::{Game, Screen, commands::execute::Source};
+use super::{Game, Screen, commands::execute::Source, lan::LanHost};
 use horizon_client::{
     command_block::{self, CommandBlock, Mode},
     containers::BlockEntity,
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ use horizon_client::{
     world::World,
 };
 use horizon_core::position::BlockPos;
+use horizon_protocol::packets::play::{self, Serverbound as S};
 use horizon_world::{
     chunk::BlockState,
     level::flags,
@@ -35,6 +36,16 @@ pub(super) struct CommandBlockScreen {
     auto: bool,
 }
 
+/// What `ServerboundSetCommandBlockPacket` carries.
+struct CommandBlockEdit {
+    pos: Pos,
+    command: String,
+    track_output: bool,
+    mode: Mode,
+    conditional: bool,
+    auto: bool,
+}
+
 #[derive(Clone, Copy, PartialEq)]
 enum Button {
     Output,
@@ -186,6 +197,18 @@ impl Game<'_> {
     pub(super) fn can_use_game_master_blocks(&self) -> bool {
         self.creative && self.ui.registries.permission >= 2
     }
+    /// `CommandBlock.useWithoutItem` on a server's client, which opens the
+    /// screen itself (`Player.openCommandBlock`) while the server only
+    /// answers the click: the block at `pos`, when it is a command block the
+    /// player may edit.
+    pub(super) fn open_command_block_if_editable(&mut self, pos: Pos) {
+        let is_command_block = self
+            .block_state_at(pos)
+            .is_some_and(|state| Mode::of_block(&state.name).is_some());
+        if is_command_block && self.can_use_game_master_blocks() {
+            self.open_command_block(pos);
+        }
+    }
     fn command_block(&self, pos: Pos) -> Option<&CommandBlock> {
         match self.world.block_entities.get(&pos)? {
             BlockEntity::CommandBlock(c) => Some(c),
@@ -572,12 +595,66 @@ impl Game<'_> {
             s.command.insert_text(&allowed);
         }
     }
-    /// `ServerGamePacketListenerImpl.handleSetCommandBlock`.
+    /// The edit screen's Done: a server's client sends the packet, the
+    /// window's own world applies it (`handleSetCommandBlock`).
     fn set_command_block(&mut self, s: &CommandBlockScreen) {
         if !self.can_use_game_master_blocks() {
             self.system_message(Text::translate("advMode.notAllowed", &[]));
             return;
         }
+        let edit = CommandBlockEdit {
+            pos: s.pos,
+            command: s.command.value.clone(),
+            track_output: s.track_output,
+            mode: s.mode,
+            conditional: s.conditional,
+            auto: s.auto,
+        };
+        if self.remote.is_some() {
+            self.send(S::SetCommandBlock(play::SetCommandBlock {
+                pos: [edit.pos.0, edit.pos.1, edit.pos.2],
+                command: edit.command,
+                mode: edit.mode.ordinal(),
+                flags: i8::from(edit.track_output)
+                    | (i8::from(edit.conditional) << 1)
+                    | (i8::from(edit.auto) << 2),
+            }));
+        } else {
+            self.apply_command_block(&edit);
+        }
+    }
+    /// `ServerGamePacketListenerImpl.handleSetCommandBlock` for a guest: the
+    /// block is edited only by a creative player with game master commands.
+    pub(super) fn lan_set_command_block(
+        &mut self,
+        host: &mut LanHost,
+        conn: u32,
+        p: play::SetCommandBlock,
+    ) {
+        let Some(g) = host.hub.guest(conn) else {
+            return;
+        };
+        let allowed = g.creative() && g.permission >= 2;
+        let edit = CommandBlockEdit {
+            pos: (p.pos[0], p.pos[1], p.pos[2]),
+            command: p.command,
+            track_output: p.flags & 1 != 0,
+            mode: Mode::from_ordinal(p.mode),
+            conditional: p.flags & 2 != 0,
+            auto: p.flags & 4 != 0,
+        };
+        self.as_guest(host, conn, |game| {
+            if allowed {
+                game.apply_command_block(&edit);
+                // BaseCommandBlock.onUpdated: the clients get the new command.
+                game.mark_block_entity_updated(edit.pos);
+            } else {
+                game.system_message(Text::translate("advMode.notAllowed", &[]));
+            }
+        });
+    }
+    /// What `handleSetCommandBlock` does once the player may edit the block.
+    fn apply_command_block(&mut self, s: &CommandBlockEdit) {
         let pos = s.pos;
         let registry = self.pack.assets.registry;
         let Some(current) = self.block_state_at(pos) else {
@@ -609,7 +686,7 @@ impl Game<'_> {
             }
             let _ = self.process_level_events();
         }
-        let command = s.command.value.clone();
+        let command = s.command.clone();
         let Some(c) = command_block_mut(&mut self.world, pos) else {
             return;
         };

crates/horizon-client/src/game/commands.rs

@@ -42,9 +42,10 @@ pub(super) enum Target {
     Guest(u32),
     Mob(u32),
     Item(u32),
-    Orb(usize),
-    /// By index in `creatures.projectiles`.
-    Projectile(usize),
+    /// An experience orb, by its entity id.
+    Orb(u32),
+    /// A projectile, by its entity id.
+    Projectile(u32),
     Stand(u32),
     Frame(u32),
     Painting(u32),
@@ -53,6 +54,10 @@ pub(super) enum Target {
     /// An entity of a type Horizon does not simulate (markers, displays,
     /// interactions...): kept as its saved data at a position.
     Other(u32),
+    /// An End crystal, by its entity id (`minecraft:end_crystal`).
+    Crystal(u32),
+    /// The Ender Dragon, by its entity id (`minecraft:ender_dragon`).
+    Dragon(u32),
 }
 /// An entity of a type Horizon does not simulate: its compound lives in the
 /// entity memory (`persist.raw`), its position and rotation here.
@@ -340,14 +345,16 @@ impl Game<'_> {
                 .iter()
                 .find(|i| i.id == id)
                 .map(|i| [i.position.x, i.position.y, i.position.z]),
-            Target::Orb(i) => self
+            Target::Orb(id) => self
                 .orbs
-                .get(i)
+                .iter()
+                .find(|o| o.id == id)
                 .map(|o| [o.position.x, o.position.y, o.position.z]),
-            Target::Projectile(i) => self
+            Target::Projectile(id) => self
                 .creatures
                 .projectiles
-                .get(i)
+                .iter()
+                .find(|a| a.id == id)
                 .map(|a| [a.position.x, a.position.y, a.position.z]),
             Target::Stand(id) => self
                 .armor_stands
@@ -385,6 +392,16 @@ impl Game<'_> {
                 .iter()
                 .find(|o| o.id == id)
                 .map(|o| [o.position.x, o.position.y, o.position.z]),
+            Target::Crystal(id) => self
+                .crystals
+                .iter()
+                .find(|c| c.id == id)
+                .map(|c| [c.position.x, c.position.y, c.position.z]),
+            Target::Dragon(id) => self
+                .dragon
+                .as_ref()
+                .filter(|d| d.id == id)
+                .map(|d| [d.position.x, d.position.y, d.position.z]),
         }
     }
     pub(super) fn target_type(&self, t: Target) -> String {
@@ -399,10 +416,11 @@ impl Game<'_> {
                 }),
             Target::Item(_) => "minecraft:item".into(),
             Target::Orb(_) => "minecraft:experience_orb".into(),
-            Target::Projectile(i) => self
+            Target::Projectile(id) => self
                 .creatures
                 .projectiles
-                .get(i)
+                .iter()
+                .find(|p| p.id == id)
                 .map_or_else(String::new, |p| p.kind.id().into()),
             Target::Stand(_) => "minecraft:armor_stand".into(),
             Target::Frame(id) => {
@@ -428,6 +446,8 @@ impl Game<'_> {
                 .iter()
                 .find(|o| o.id == id)
                 .map_or_else(String::new, |o| o.kind.clone()),
+            Target::Crystal(_) => "minecraft:end_crystal".into(),
+            Target::Dragon(_) => "minecraft:ender_dragon".into(),
         }
     }
     /// The name of the player the game acts for: a guest's own while their
@@ -512,50 +532,72 @@ impl Game<'_> {
                 s.pos[2].unwrap_or(p[2]),
             ]
         };
-        let mut candidates: Vec<Target> = Vec::new();
+        let mut source_candidates: Vec<Target> = Vec::new();
         match (s.kind, self.command_source) {
             // @s: the executing entity (none for a server source).
-            ('s', Some(source)) => candidates.extend(source.entity),
-            ('s', None) => candidates.extend(self.source_entity()),
+            ('s', Some(source)) => source_candidates.extend(source.entity),
+            ('s', None) => source_candidates.extend(self.source_entity()),
             // A guest in place is among the players, in join order.
             _ if self.player.is_some() && self.lan_acting.is_none() => {
-                candidates.push(Target::Player);
+                source_candidates.push(Target::Player);
             }
             _ => {}
         }
         if s.kind != 's' {
-            use horizon_client::projectiles::ProjectileKind as K;
-            candidates.extend(self.player_candidates(s));
-            candidates.extend(
-                self.mobs
-                    .iter()
-                    .filter(|m| m.death_time == 0)
-                    .map(|m| Target::Mob(m.id)),
-            );
-            candidates.extend(self.dropped.iter().map(|i| Target::Item(i.id)));
-            candidates.extend((0..self.orbs.len()).map(Target::Orb));
-            candidates.extend(
-                self.creatures
-                    .projectiles
-                    .iter()
-                    .enumerate()
-                    // The kinds /data can write (entity_nbt).
-                    .filter(|(_, p)| {
-                        p.is_arrow() || matches!(p.kind, K::LargeFireball { .. } | K::SmallFireball)
-                    })
-                    .map(|(i, _)| Target::Projectile(i)),
-            );
-            candidates.extend(self.armor_stands.iter().map(|a| Target::Stand(a.id)));
-            candidates.extend(self.item_frames.iter().map(|f| Target::Frame(f.id)));
-            candidates.extend(self.paintings.iter().map(|p| Target::Painting(p.id)));
-            candidates.extend(self.boats.iter().map(|b| Target::Boat(b.id)));
-            candidates.extend(self.carts.iter().map(|c| Target::Cart(c.id)));
-            candidates.extend(self.others.iter().map(|o| Target::Other(o.id)));
+            source_candidates.extend(self.player_candidates(s));
         }
+        let source_dim = self.dim;
+        // A selector with a spatial constraint reaches the level the command
+        // runs in only; an unbounded one reaches every loaded level
+        // (EntitySelector.findEntities).
+        let dims = if s.world_limited() {
+            vec![source_dim]
+        } else {
+            self.loaded_dims()
+        };
+        let mut out: Vec<(Target, f64)> = Vec::new();
+        for dim in dims {
+            let back = self.enter_command_level(dim);
+            let mut candidates = Vec::new();
+            if dim == source_dim {
+                candidates.append(&mut source_candidates);
+            }
+            if s.kind != 's' {
+                candidates.extend(self.level_candidates());
+            }
+            out.extend(self.select_in_level(candidates, s, origin));
+            if let Some(back) = back {
+                self.enter_command_level(back);
+            }
+        }
+        match s.sort {
+            Sort::Nearest => out.sort_by(|a, b| a.1.total_cmp(&b.1)),
+            Sort::Furthest => out.sort_by(|a, b| b.1.total_cmp(&a.1)),
+            Sort::Random => {
+                for i in (1..out.len()).rev() {
+                    let j = self.world.random.next_int_bound(i as i32 + 1).unwrap_or(0) as usize;
+                    out.swap(i, j);
+                }
+            }
+            Sort::Arbitrary => {}
+        }
+        out.into_iter()
+            .take(s.limit.max(1))
+            .map(|(t, _)| t)
+            .collect()
+    }
+    /// The candidates of the level in place that pass the selector
+    /// (EntitySelector.getPredicate).
+    fn select_in_level(
+        &mut self,
+        candidates: Vec<Target>,
+        s: &Selector,
+        origin: [f64; 3],
+    ) -> Vec<(Target, f64)> {
         let level = self.experience.level;
         let creative = self.creative;
         let passing = self.selector_extra_filter(&candidates, s);
-        let mut out: Vec<(Target, f64)> = candidates
+        candidates
             .into_iter()
             .filter_map(|t| {
                 let p = self.target_position(t)?;
@@ -627,23 +669,102 @@ impl Game<'_> {
                 }
                 Some((t, d2))
             })
-            .collect();
-        match s.sort {
-            Sort::Nearest => out.sort_by(|a, b| a.1.total_cmp(&b.1)),
-            Sort::Furthest => out.sort_by(|a, b| b.1.total_cmp(&a.1)),
-            Sort::Random => {
-                for i in (1..out.len()).rev() {
-                    let j = self.world.random.next_int_bound(i as i32 + 1).unwrap_or(0) as usize;
-                    out.swap(i, j);
-                }
-            }
-            Sort::Arbitrary => {}
-        }
-        out.into_iter()
-            .take(s.limit.max(1))
-            .map(|(t, _)| t)
             .collect()
     }
+    /// The entities of the level in place a selector can find.
+    fn level_candidates(&self) -> Vec<Target> {
+        use horizon_client::projectiles::ProjectileKind as K;
+        let mut candidates = Vec::new();
+        candidates.extend(
+            self.mobs
+                .iter()
+                .filter(|m| m.death_time == 0)
+                .map(|m| Target::Mob(m.id)),
+        );
+        candidates.extend(self.dropped.iter().map(|i| Target::Item(i.id)));
+        candidates.extend(self.orbs.iter().map(|o| Target::Orb(o.id)));
+        candidates.extend(
+            self.creatures
+                .projectiles
+                .iter()
+                // The kinds /data can write (entity_nbt).
+                .filter(|p| {
+                    p.is_arrow() || matches!(p.kind, K::LargeFireball { .. } | K::SmallFireball)
+                })
+                .map(|p| Target::Projectile(p.id)),
+        );
+        candidates.extend(self.armor_stands.iter().map(|a| Target::Stand(a.id)));
+        candidates.extend(self.item_frames.iter().map(|f| Target::Frame(f.id)));
+        candidates.extend(self.paintings.iter().map(|p| Target::Painting(p.id)));
+        candidates.extend(self.boats.iter().map(|b| Target::Boat(b.id)));
+        candidates.extend(self.carts.iter().map(|c| Target::Cart(c.id)));
+        candidates.extend(self.others.iter().map(|o| Target::Other(o.id)));
+        // The End crystals and the dragon (EndCrystal and EnderDragon
+        // are entities of their own).
+        candidates.extend(self.crystals.iter().map(|c| Target::Crystal(c.id)));
+        if let Some(d) = &self.dragon {
+            candidates.push(Target::Dragon(d.id));
+        }
+        candidates
+    }
+    /// The loaded levels, in the order the server holds them: the
+    /// overworld, the nether, the end (MinecraftServer.getAllLevels).
+    fn loaded_dims(&self) -> Vec<Dim> {
+        let mut dims = vec![self.dim];
+        dims.extend(self.levels.parked_dims());
+        dims.sort_by_key(|d| match d {
+            Dim::Overworld => 0,
+            Dim::Nether => 1,
+            Dim::End => 2,
+        });
+        dims
+    }
+    /// Whether the level in place holds the entity a target names.
+    fn level_holds(&self, t: Target) -> bool {
+        match t {
+            // A player is in no level of its own.
+            Target::Player | Target::Guest(_) => true,
+            Target::Mob(id) => self.mobs.iter().any(|m| m.id == id),
+            Target::Item(id) => self.dropped.iter().any(|i| i.id == id),
+            Target::Orb(id) => self.orbs.iter().any(|o| o.id == id),
+            Target::Projectile(id) => self.creatures.projectiles.iter().any(|p| p.id == id),
+            Target::Stand(id) => self.armor_stands.iter().any(|a| a.id == id),
+            Target::Frame(id) => self.item_frames.iter().any(|f| f.id == id),
+            Target::Painting(id) => self.paintings.iter().any(|p| p.id == id),
+            Target::Boat(id) => self.boats.iter().any(|b| b.id == id),
+            Target::Cart(id) => self.carts.iter().any(|c| c.id == id),
+            Target::Other(id) => self.others.iter().any(|o| o.id == id),
+            Target::Crystal(id) => self.crystals.iter().any(|c| c.id == id),
+            Target::Dragon(id) => self.dragon.as_ref().is_some_and(|d| d.id == id),
+        }
+    }
+    /// Run `f` with the level that holds the entity a target names in place
+    /// (the entity ids are unique across the loaded levels) and put the
+    /// level back afterwards. `f` does not run when no level holds the
+    /// entity.
+    pub(in crate::game) fn in_target_level<R>(
+        &mut self,
+        t: Target,
+        f: impl FnOnce(&mut Self) -> R,
+    ) -> Option<R> {
+        if self.level_holds(t) {
+            return Some(f(self));
+        }
+        for dim in self.levels.parked_dims() {
+            let back = self.enter_command_level(dim);
+            if self.level_holds(t) {
+                let r = f(self);
+                if let Some(back) = back {
+                    self.enter_command_level(back);
+                }
+                return Some(r);
+            }
+            if let Some(back) = back {
+                self.enter_command_level(back);
+            }
+        }
+        None
+    }
     fn entity_tag_matches(&self, tag: &str, ty: &str) -> bool {
         let path = self.options.resources.join(format!(
             "data/minecraft/tags/entity_type/{}.json",
@@ -1103,6 +1224,10 @@ impl Game<'_> {
         Ok(targets.len() as i32)
     }
     fn teleport_to(&mut self, t: Target, pos: [f64; 3], rotation: Option<[f32; 2]>) {
+        // An entity in another level is teleported in the level that holds it.
+        let _ = self.in_target_level(t, |g| g.teleport_to_in_level(t, pos, rotation));
+    }
+    fn teleport_to_in_level(&mut self, t: Target, pos: [f64; 3], rotation: Option<[f32; 2]>) {
         let v = Vec3::new(pos[0], pos[1], pos[2]);
         match t {
             Target::Guest(_) => {
@@ -1151,14 +1276,14 @@ impl Game<'_> {
                     i.previous = v;
                 }
             }
-            Target::Orb(i) => {
-                if let Some(o) = self.orbs.get_mut(i) {
+            Target::Orb(id) => {
+                if let Some(o) = self.orbs.iter_mut().find(|o| o.id == id) {
                     o.position = v;
                     o.previous = v;
                 }
             }
-            Target::Projectile(i) => {
-                if let Some(a) = self.creatures.projectiles.get_mut(i) {
+            Target::Projectile(id) => {
+                if let Some(a) = self.creatures.projectiles.iter_mut().find(|a| a.id == id) {
                     a.position = v;
                     a.previous = v;
                 }
@@ -1198,6 +1323,17 @@ impl Game<'_> {
                     }
                 }
             }
+            Target::Crystal(id) => {
+                if let Some(c) = self.crystals.iter_mut().find(|c| c.id == id) {
+                    c.position = v;
+                }
+            }
+            Target::Dragon(id) => {
+                if let Some(d) = self.dragon.as_mut().filter(|d| d.id == id) {
+                    d.position = v;
+                    d.previous = v;
+                }
+            }
             // Wall-mounted entities do not move.
             Target::Frame(_) | Target::Painting(_) => {}
         }
@@ -1557,6 +1693,10 @@ impl Game<'_> {
         Ok(duration.unwrap_or(-1))
     }
     fn kill_target(&mut self, t: Target) {
+        // An entity in another level is killed in the level that holds it.
+        let _ = self.in_target_level(t, |g| g.kill_target_in_level(t));
+    }
+    fn kill_target_in_level(&mut self, t: Target) {
         match t {
             Target::Guest(_) => {
                 self.for_player(t, |g| g.kill_target(Target::Player));
@@ -1576,16 +1716,13 @@ impl Game<'_> {
                 }
             }
             Target::Item(id) => self.dropped.retain(|i| i.id != id),
-            Target::Orb(i) => {
-                if i < self.orbs.len() {
-                    self.orbs[i].age = u32::MAX / 2;
+            Target::Orb(id) => {
+                if let Some(o) = self.orbs.iter_mut().find(|o| o.id == id) {
+                    o.age = u32::MAX / 2;
                 }
             }
-            // cmd_kill goes from the highest index down.
-            Target::Projectile(i) => {
-                if i < self.creatures.projectiles.len() {
-                    self.creatures.projectiles.remove(i);
-                }
+            Target::Projectile(id) => {
+                self.creatures.projectiles.retain(|p| p.id != id);
             }
             Target::Stand(id) => self.armor_stands.retain(|a| a.id != id),
             Target::Frame(id) => self.item_frames.retain(|f| f.id != id),
@@ -1593,7 +1730,11 @@ impl Game<'_> {
             Target::Boat(id) => self.boats.retain(|b| b.id != id),
             Target::Cart(id) => self.carts.retain(|c| c.id != id),
             Target::Other(id) => self.others.retain(|o| o.id != id),
+            Target::Crystal(id) => self.kill_crystal(id),
+            Target::Dragon(id) => self.kill_dragon(id),
         }
+        // The orbs marked for removal are gone (Entity.kill removes them).
+        self.orbs.retain(|o| o.age < u32::MAX / 2);
     }
     fn cmd_kill(&mut self, ctx: &Context) -> R<i32> {
         let targets = if ctx.get("targets").is_some() {
@@ -1601,19 +1742,18 @@ impl Game<'_> {
         } else {
             vec![self.implied_player()]
         };
-        let names: Vec<Text> = targets.iter().map(|&t| self.target_name(t)).collect();
-        // Remove indexed entities from the back so earlier indices stay valid.
-        let mut ordered = targets.clone();
-        ordered.sort_by_key(|t| {
-            std::cmp::Reverse(match t {
-                Target::Orb(i) | Target::Projectile(i) => *i,
-                _ => 0,
-            })
-        });
-        for t in ordered {
+        let mut names: Vec<Text> = Vec::new();
+        for &t in &targets {
+            // The name of an entity in another level is read there.
+            let name = match self.in_target_level(t, |g| g.target_name(t)) {
+                Some(name) => name,
+                None => self.target_name(t),
+            };
+            names.push(name);
+        }
+        for &t in &targets {
             self.kill_target(t);
         }
-        self.orbs.retain(|o| o.age < u32::MAX / 2);
         let message = if targets.len() == 1 {
             Text::translate("commands.kill.success.single", &[names[0].clone()])
         } else {
@@ -1705,6 +1845,20 @@ impl Game<'_> {
                     self.spawn_bolt(pos, false);
                     name = Text::translate("entity.minecraft.lightning_bolt", &[]);
                 }
+                "end_crystal" => {
+                    // EndCrystal's constructor takes an id from the entity
+                    // counter, and the crystal is shown with its base.
+                    self.next_entity += 1;
+                    self.crystals.push(super::dragon::Crystal {
+                        id: self.next_entity,
+                        position: Vec3::new(pos[0], pos[1], pos[2]),
+                        show_bottom: true,
+                        time: self.world.random.next_int_bound(100_000).unwrap_or(0),
+                        beam: None,
+                        invulnerable: false,
+                    });
+                    name = Text::translate("entity.minecraft.end_crystal", &[]);
+                }
                 k if super::minecarts::CartKind::from_id(&kind).is_some() => {
                     let cart_kind = super::minecarts::CartKind::from_id(&kind)
                         .unwrap_or(super::minecarts::CartKind::Rideable);

crates/horizon-client/src/game/commands/data.rs

@@ -31,8 +31,13 @@ fn set_key(tag: &mut Tag, key: &str, value: Tag) {
 impl Game<'_> {
     // ---- entity data ---------------------------------------------------
 
-    /// `NbtPredicate.getEntityTagToCompare`: the entity as saved.
+    /// `NbtPredicate.getEntityTagToCompare`: the entity as saved. An entity
+    /// in another level is read in the level that holds it.
     pub(in crate::game) fn entity_nbt(&mut self, t: Target) -> Option<Tag> {
+        self.in_target_level(t, |g| g.entity_nbt_in_level(t))
+            .flatten()
+    }
+    fn entity_nbt_in_level(&mut self, t: Target) -> Option<Tag> {
         let player_uuid = self.level.player_uuid;
         Some(match t {
             Target::Guest(_) => {
@@ -113,9 +118,11 @@ impl Game<'_> {
                 let o = self.others.iter().find(|o| o.id == id)?.clone();
                 self.other_to_nbt(&o, uuid)
             }
-            Target::Orb(i) => entity_nbt::orb_to_nbt(self.orbs.get(i)?, random_uuid()),
-            Target::Projectile(i) => {
-                let p = self.creatures.projectiles.get(i)?;
+            Target::Orb(id) => {
+                entity_nbt::orb_to_nbt(self.orbs.iter().find(|o| o.id == id)?, random_uuid())
+            }
+            Target::Projectile(id) => {
+                let p = self.creatures.projectiles.iter().find(|p| p.id == id)?;
                 let owner = if p.owner == Some(horizon_client::mobs::Who::Player) {
                     player_uuid
                 } else {
@@ -129,6 +136,16 @@ impl Game<'_> {
                 entity_nbt::arrow_to_nbt(p, random_uuid(), owner, in_block, None)
                     .or_else(|| entity_nbt::fireball_to_nbt(p, random_uuid(), owner, None))?
             }
+            Target::Crystal(id) => {
+                let c = self.crystals.iter().find(|c| c.id == id)?;
+                let (uuid, raw) = self.persist_anon("minecraft:end_crystal", c.position);
+                c.to_nbt(uuid.unwrap_or_else(random_uuid), raw)
+            }
+            Target::Dragon(id) => {
+                let d = self.dragon.as_ref().filter(|d| d.id == id)?;
+                let (uuid, raw) = self.persist_anon("minecraft:ender_dragon", d.position);
+                d.to_nbt(uuid.unwrap_or_else(random_uuid), raw)
+            }
         })
     }
     /// `Entity.load` of new data (`EntityDataAccessor.setData`): the entity is
@@ -397,6 +414,19 @@ impl Game<'_> {
     }
     pub(super) fn cmd_data(&mut self, id: &str, ctx: &Context) -> R<i32> {
         let target = self.data_ref(ctx, 0)?;
+        // An entity in another level is read and written in the level that
+        // holds it.
+        if let DataRef::Entity(t) = &target {
+            let t = *t;
+            let target = target.clone();
+            return match self.in_target_level(t, |g| g.cmd_data_in(id, ctx, target)) {
+                Some(r) => r,
+                None => Err(err("argument.entity.notfound.entity", &[])),
+            };
+        }
+        self.cmd_data_in(id, ctx, target)
+    }
+    fn cmd_data_in(&mut self, id: &str, ctx: &Context, target: DataRef) -> R<i32> {
         match id {
             "data.merge" => {
                 let Some(Arg::Str(nbt)) = ctx.get("nbt") else {

crates/horizon-client/src/game/commands/effects.rs

@@ -1,11 +1,10 @@
 //! `/effect` (EffectCommands) and `/enchant` (EnchantCommand).
 use super::{Arg, Context, Game, R, Target, err, texts};
 use horizon_client::{
-    brewing,
+    brewing::{self, namespaced},
     effects::EffectInstance,
     text::{self, Style, Text},
 };
-use std::{collections::HashMap, sync::OnceLock};
 
 /// `CommandResponseTracker` over targets: elements with a non-zero result.
 #[derive(Default)]
@@ -21,24 +20,6 @@ impl Tracker {
         }
     }
 }
-/// Namespaced effect ids for mob effect storage.
-fn namespaced(id: &'static str) -> &'static str {
-    static IDS: OnceLock<HashMap<&'static str, &'static str>> = OnceLock::new();
-    IDS.get_or_init(|| {
-        brewing::EFFECTS
-            .iter()
-            .map(|e| {
-                (
-                    e.id,
-                    &*Box::leak(format!("minecraft:{}", e.id).into_boxed_str()),
-                )
-            })
-            .collect()
-    })
-    .get(id)
-    .copied()
-    .unwrap_or(id)
-}
 fn effect_name(id: &str) -> Text {
     Text::translate(&format!("effect.minecraft.{id}"), &[])
 }

crates/horizon-client/src/game/commands/execute.rs

@@ -663,10 +663,11 @@ impl Game<'_> {
             // TraceableEntity.getOwner: who shot a projectile, who threw an
             // item, who summoned a vex.
             Some("origin") => match entity {
-                Target::Projectile(i) => self
+                Target::Projectile(id) => self
                     .creatures
                     .projectiles
-                    .get(i)
+                    .iter()
+                    .find(|p| p.id == id)
                     .and_then(|p| match (p.owner?, p.guest) {
                         // A guest's shot: `Who::Player` is them.
                         (horizon_client::mobs::Who::Player, Some(conn))

crates/horizon-client/src/game/commands/world_cmds.rs

@@ -119,6 +119,7 @@ impl Game<'_> {
             "magic" | "indirect_magic" | "dragon_breath" => DamageKind::Magic,
             "sting" => DamageKind::Sting,
             "cactus" | "sweet_berry_bush" => DamageKind::Cactus,
+            "freeze" => DamageKind::Freeze,
             "in_wall" => DamageKind::InWall,
             "thorns" => DamageKind::Thorns,
             _ => DamageKind::Generic,

crates/horizon-client/src/game/consume.rs

@@ -67,6 +67,17 @@ impl Game<'_> {
             self.audio
                 .play("minecraft:entity.player.burp", self.feet(), 0.5, pitch);
         }
+        // SuspiciousStewEffects.onConsume, a ConsumableListener: each entry is
+        // added as a `MobEffectInstance(effect, duration)` (amplifier 0).
+        if let Some(data) = stack.extra.as_deref() {
+            for (id, duration) in &data.stew_effects {
+                if let Some(def) = horizon_client::brewing::effect(id) {
+                    self.add_player_effect(horizon_client::effects::EffectInstance::new(
+                        def.id, *duration, 0,
+                    ));
+                }
+            }
+        }
         for effect in &consumable.effects {
             self.apply_consume_effect(effect);
         }

crates/horizon-client/src/game/copper_golems.rs

@@ -44,13 +44,13 @@ impl Game<'_> {
         slot: usize,
         stack: Option<ItemStack>,
     ) {
-        if let Some(e) = self
-            .world
-            .block_entities
-            .get_mut(&(chest[0], chest[1], chest[2]))
+        let key = (chest[0], chest[1], chest[2]);
+        if let Some(e) = self.world.block_entities.get_mut(&key)
             && let Some(s) = e.slots_mut().get_mut(slot)
         {
             *s = stack;
+            // TransportItemsBetweenContainers calls Container.setChanged.
+            self.container_changed(key);
         }
     }
     /// `ContainerOpenersCounter.recheckOpeners` every five ticks: the golems

crates/horizon-client/src/game/creatures.rs

@@ -46,10 +46,22 @@ pub(super) struct Creatures {
     pub projectiles: Vec<Projectile>,
     /// Wind bursts from a guest's turn, waiting for it to end (game/wind.rs).
     pub wind_bursts: Vec<super::wind::Burst>,
+    /// Explosion packets from a guest's turn, waiting for it to end
+    /// (centre, small, radius, blocks hit; game/lan_particles.rs).
+    pub lan_explosions: Vec<([f64; 3], bool, f32, usize)>,
     /// Ticks left of the elder guardian's apparition (MobAppearanceParticle).
     pub elder_apparition: i32,
     /// The wandering trader spawner's clock.
     pub trader: super::wandering_trader::Spawner,
+    /// Particles from a guest's turn, waiting for it to end
+    /// (`lan_send_particles`: options, centre, spread, speed, count).
+    pub lan_particles: Vec<(
+        horizon_client::particles::ParticleOptions,
+        [f64; 3],
+        [f64; 3],
+        f64,
+        u32,
+    )>,
 }
 pub(super) struct ProjWorld<'a, 'w> {
     pub w: &'a MobWorld<'w>,
@@ -198,6 +210,7 @@ impl Game<'_> {
             uuid: self.level.player_uuid.unwrap_or_default(),
             allies: std::sync::Arc::new(self.player_allies()),
             remote: false,
+            passenger: self.riding.is_some(),
         })
     }
     /// Biome facts at a position for finalizeSpawn and variant rules.
@@ -679,6 +692,7 @@ impl Game<'_> {
         self.sync_riders();
         self.tick_skeleton_traps();
         self.tick_apparition();
+        self.guardian_bubbles();
         self.villager_reputation_tick();
         self.merchant_tick();
         self.villager_pickups();
@@ -928,11 +942,29 @@ impl Game<'_> {
             self.spawn_item(d, at, [0.0, 0.2, 0.0], 10);
         }
     }
+    /// Adds a projectile, giving it an id from the entity counter
+    /// (`Entity.id`, the same counter as the rest) when it has none.
+    pub(super) fn add_projectile(&mut self, mut p: horizon_client::projectiles::Projectile) {
+        if p.id == 0 {
+            self.next_entity += 1;
+            p.id = self.next_entity;
+        }
+        self.creatures.projectiles.push(p);
+    }
     pub(super) fn handle_mob_events(&mut self, events: Vec<MobEvent>) -> Result<()> {
         for e in events {
             match e {
                 MobEvent::SquidCycle { mob, at } => self.lan_entity_event(mob as i32, 19, at),
                 MobEvent::RabbitHop { mob, at } => self.lan_entity_event(mob as i32, 1, at),
+                MobEvent::Drown { mob, at } => {
+                    self.lan_entity_event(mob as i32, super::combat::DROWN_EVENT, at);
+                    let v = self
+                        .mobs
+                        .iter()
+                        .find(|m| m.id == mob)
+                        .map_or([0.0; 3], |m| [m.velocity.x, m.velocity.y, m.velocity.z]);
+                    self.drown_particles(at, v);
+                }
                 MobEvent::Sound(name, at, volume, pitch)
                 | MobEvent::LocalSound(name, at, volume, pitch) => {
                     self.audio
@@ -1134,7 +1166,7 @@ impl Game<'_> {
                         let v = p.velocity;
                         self.particles.llama_spit_burst(at, [v.x, v.y, v.z]);
                     }
-                    self.creatures.projectiles.push(p);
+                    self.add_projectile(p);
                     self.projectile_event("minecraft:projectile_shoot", owner, at);
                 }
                 MobEvent::Spawn(mut m) => {
@@ -1935,6 +1967,7 @@ impl Game<'_> {
         let mut hits = Vec::new();
         let mut deflections: Vec<[f64; 3]> = Vec::new();
         let mut arrow_events = Vec::new();
+        let mut trails = Vec::new();
         {
             let mut targets: Vec<(Who, Aabb)> = self
                 .mobs
@@ -2026,6 +2059,10 @@ impl Game<'_> {
                 if shooter.is_some() {
                     p.owner = Some(Who::Player);
                 }
+                // AbstractHurtingProjectile.tick ends with createParticleTrail.
+                if super::remote_projectiles::has_smoke_trail(&p.kind) {
+                    trails.push(p.position);
+                }
                 if let Some(a) = p.arrow.as_mut() {
                     arrow_events.extend(a.events.drain(..).map(|e| (p.position, e)));
                 }
@@ -2068,6 +2105,7 @@ impl Game<'_> {
                 keep
             });
         }
+        self.smoke_trails(trails);
         for at in deflections {
             self.audio
                 .play("minecraft:entity.breeze.deflect", Some(at), 1.0, 1.0);
@@ -2100,6 +2138,7 @@ impl Game<'_> {
                 _ => self.projectile_hit(&p, hit)?,
             }
         }
+        self.flush_lan_explosions();
         self.flush_wind_bursts()
     }
     /// `projectile_hit` for a projectile the guest `conn` shot, run as them;
@@ -2232,11 +2271,9 @@ impl Game<'_> {
             ArrowEvent::ShootEvent | ArrowEvent::Drop => {}
         }
     }
-    /// `Level.isRainingAt` for arrows: raining, open to the sky (the biome's
-    /// precipitation is not checked here).
+    /// `Level.isRainingAt` for arrows.
     fn arrow_rain(&self) -> impl Fn(BlockPos) -> bool + '_ {
-        let raining = self.world.weather.levels(1.0).0 > 0.2;
-        move |p: BlockPos| raining && self.world.light(p.x, p.y, p.z) >> 4 == 15
+        move |p: BlockPos| self.raining_at(p)
     }
     /// The level as arrows see it.
     fn arrow_scene<'s>(
@@ -2274,7 +2311,7 @@ impl Game<'_> {
             }
         }
         if keep {
-            self.creatures.projectiles.push(arrow);
+            self.add_projectile(arrow);
         }
     }
     /// `TargetBlock.onProjectileHit`: a target block takes its power from
@@ -2868,6 +2905,14 @@ impl Game<'_> {
             self.swing_arm();
             return Ok(true);
         }
+        if self.interact_armadillo(index, &item) {
+            if let Some(stack) = &held {
+                let target = self.mob_entity(&self.mobs[index]);
+                self.trigger_item_entity("minecraft:player_interacted_with_entity", stack, &target);
+            }
+            self.swing_arm();
+            return Ok(true);
+        }
         if self.interact_copper_golem(index, &item) {
             self.swing_arm();
             return Ok(true);
@@ -2923,6 +2968,16 @@ impl Game<'_> {
                 consume = true;
                 sound = Some("entity.cow.milk");
             }
+            // Goat.mobInteract: a bucket on an adult gives milk.
+            Species::Goat if item == "minecraft:bucket" && !m.is_baby() => {
+                give = Some("minecraft:milk_bucket");
+                consume = true;
+                sound = Some(if m.extra.screaming {
+                    "entity.goat.screaming.milk"
+                } else {
+                    "entity.goat.milk"
+                });
+            }
             Species::Mooshroom if item == "minecraft:bowl" && !m.is_baby() => {
                 give = Some("minecraft:mushroom_stew");
                 consume = true;
@@ -3183,6 +3238,19 @@ impl Game<'_> {
                     self.trigger_entity("minecraft:tame_animal", "entity", &view);
                 }
             }
+            // Tadpole.feed: frog food ages it by a tenth of the time left to
+            // grow into a frog (it grows on its next tick once past 24000).
+            Species::Tadpole if is_food && !m.extra.age_locked => {
+                consume = true;
+                let left = 24_000 - m.extra.age;
+                m.extra.age += ((left / 20) as f32 * 0.1) as i32 * 20;
+                // One happy villager particle at rest about the body.
+                self.particles_around_mob(
+                    self.mobs[index].id,
+                    "happy_villager",
+                    horizon_client::particles::Burst::HORSE_EATING,
+                );
+            }
             // HappyGhast.canFallInLove: never, so only a ghastling takes food.
             _ if is_food
                 && m.kind.flags.animal
@@ -3270,6 +3338,50 @@ impl Game<'_> {
         }
         Ok(true)
     }
+    /// `Armadillo.mobInteract`: a brush brushes a scute off an adult
+    /// (`brushOffScute`) and loses 16 durability.
+    fn interact_armadillo(&mut self, index: usize, item: &str) -> bool {
+        let m = &self.mobs[index];
+        if item != "minecraft:brush"
+            || m.species() != Species::Armadillo
+            || !m.alive()
+            || m.is_baby()
+        {
+            return false;
+        }
+        let (id, at) = (m.id, m.position);
+        let feet = [at.x, at.y, at.z];
+        let tool = self.held().cloned();
+        let table = "minecraft:brush/armadillo";
+        for d in self.sequence_loot(table, table, tool.as_ref()) {
+            self.spawn_at_location(at, 0.0, d);
+        }
+        self.audio
+            .play("minecraft:entity.armadillo.brush", Some(feet), 1.0, 1.0);
+        let ctx = self.who_context(Some(Who::Mob(id)), None);
+        self.post_game_event("minecraft:entity_interact", feet, ctx);
+        // ItemStack.hurtAndBreak(16).
+        if !self.creative
+            && let Some(stack) = tool
+        {
+            let max = self
+                .res
+                .items()
+                .get(&stack.item)
+                .map_or(0, |i| i.max_damage);
+            if max > 0 {
+                let loss = self.durability_loss(&stack, 16);
+                let slot = self.held_slot();
+                if let Some(held) = self.stack_in_mut(slot).as_mut() {
+                    held.damage += loss;
+                    if held.damage >= max {
+                        *self.stack_in_mut(slot) = None;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        true
+    }
     pub(super) fn damage_held_tool(&mut self) {
         if self.creative {
             return;
@@ -3324,7 +3436,7 @@ impl Game<'_> {
             velocity,
             on_ground,
         );
-        self.creatures.projectiles.push(proj);
+        self.add_projectile(proj);
         self.player_projectile_shot();
         // ItemStack.use's applyAfterUseComponentSideEffects: the pearl's
         // second is the `use_cooldown` component, as for any thrown item.
@@ -3417,6 +3529,60 @@ impl Game<'_> {
             }
         }
     }
+    /// `Guardian.aiStep` on a client: two bubbles a tick trailing a guardian
+    /// that swims along, and bubbles up the beam to its target. The server
+    /// never draws them, so the mob's own random stays untouched.
+    pub(super) fn guardian_bubbles(&mut self) {
+        use horizon_client::mobs::guardian;
+        use horizon_client::particles::{ParticleOptions, ParticleType};
+        let mut swimming = Vec::new();
+        let mut beams = Vec::new();
+        for m in &self.mobs {
+            if !m.alive() || !matches!(m.species(), Species::Guardian | Species::ElderGuardian) {
+                continue;
+            }
+            let at = [m.position.x, m.position.y, m.position.z];
+            if m.extra.flag2 && m.fluids.in_water {
+                let (width, height, _) = m.dims();
+                swimming.push((at, width, height, m.view_vector()));
+            }
+            if let Some((_, scale)) = guardian::beam(m, 0.0)
+                && let Some(t) = self.beam_target(m.ai.target, 1.0)
+            {
+                beams.push(([at[0], m.eye_y(), at[2]], [t.x, t.y, t.z], f64::from(scale)));
+            }
+        }
+        let bubble = ParticleOptions::simple(ParticleType::Bubble);
+        for (at, width, height, view) in swimming {
+            for _ in 0..2 {
+                let (x, y, z) = {
+                    let r = self.particles.random();
+                    (r.next_double(), r.next_double(), r.next_double())
+                };
+                let p = [
+                    at[0] + width * (2.0 * x - 1.0) * 0.5 - view[0] * 1.5,
+                    at[1] + height * y - view[1] * 1.5,
+                    at[2] + width * (2.0 * z - 1.0) * 0.5 - view[2] * 1.5,
+                ];
+                self.particles.add(&bubble, p, [0.0; 3]);
+            }
+        }
+        for (eye, target, scale) in beams {
+            let d = [target[0] - eye[0], target[1] - eye[1], target[2] - eye[2]];
+            let length = (d[0] * d[0] + d[1] * d[1] + d[2] * d[2]).sqrt();
+            if length <= 0.0 {
+                continue;
+            }
+            let mut dist = self.particles.random().next_double();
+            while dist < length {
+                let r = self.particles.random();
+                dist += 1.8 - scale + r.next_double() * (1.7 - scale);
+                let f = dist / length;
+                let p = [eye[0] + d[0] * f, eye[1] + d[1] * f, eye[2] + d[2] * f];
+                self.particles.add(&bubble, p, [0.0; 3]);
+            }
+        }
+    }
     /// Mob models and projectiles for the entity pass.
     pub(super) fn mob_geometry(&self, camera: glam::DVec3, alpha: f64, out: &mut Vec<Vertex>) {
         let atlas = &self.gui.atlas;
@@ -3725,6 +3891,7 @@ pub(super) fn damage_type(kind: horizon_client::mobs::DamageKind, player: bool)
         K::InWall => "minecraft:in_wall",
         K::Thorns => "minecraft:thorns",
         K::SonicBoom => "minecraft:sonic_boom",
+        K::Freeze => "minecraft:freeze",
         K::OutOfWorld => "minecraft:out_of_world",
     }
 }

crates/horizon-client/src/game/crossbow.rs

@@ -222,7 +222,7 @@ impl Game<'_> {
                     a.pierce = pierce;
                 }
                 arrow.shoot(&mut self.world.random, dir.to_array(), power, 1.0);
-                self.creatures.projectiles.push(arrow);
+                self.add_projectile(arrow);
             }
             self.player_projectile_shot();
             let pitch = if index == 0 {

crates/horizon-client/src/game/debug_keys.rs

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ use horizon_client::{
     save::VERSION_NAME,
     text::Text,
 };
-use horizon_core::geometry::Axis;
+use horizon_core::geometry::{Axis, Vec3};
 use winit::keyboard::KeyCode;
 
 /// `ChatFormatting.YELLOW` and `RED`.
@@ -766,7 +766,8 @@ impl Game<'_> {
         }
         let lerp = |a: f64, b: f64| a + f64::from(alpha) * (b - a);
         let lerpf = |a: f32, b: f32| a + alpha * (b - a);
-        for m in &self.mobs {
+        let guests = self.lan.iter().flat_map(|h| h.models.values());
+        for m in self.mobs.iter().chain(guests) {
             if m.removed || m.invisible || m.has_effect("minecraft:invisibility") {
                 continue;
             }
@@ -796,6 +797,159 @@ impl Game<'_> {
             // EntityType.ITEM: 0.25 by 0.25, eyes at 0.2125.
             g.hitbox(pos, (0.25, 0.25), 0.2125, false, (0.0, 0.0));
         }
+        // The other entities (EntityTypes sizes; eyes at 0.85 of the height
+        // unless the type sets one). `at` is the interpolated position.
+        let at = |previous: Vec3, now: Vec3| {
+            [
+                lerp(previous.x, now.x),
+                lerp(previous.y, now.y),
+                lerp(previous.z, now.z),
+            ]
+        };
+        for p in &self.paintings {
+            let (min, max) = p.bounds();
+            let centre = std::array::from_fn(|i| (min[i] + max[i]) / 2.0);
+            g.entity_box(min, max, centre, 0.425, false, step_view(p.step()));
+        }
+        for f in self.item_frames.iter().filter(|f| !f.invisible) {
+            let (min, max) = f.bounds();
+            let centre = std::array::from_fn(|i| (min[i] + max[i]) / 2.0);
+            g.entity_box(min, max, centre, 0.0, false, step_view(f.step()));
+        }
+        for c in &self.cushions {
+            let (min, max) = c.bounds();
+            let p = c.position;
+            g.entity_box(min, max, [p.x, p.y, p.z], 0.2125, false, (0.0, c.yaw));
+        }
+        for a in self.armor_stands.iter().filter(|a| !a.invisible) {
+            // ArmorStand.getDimensions: a marker has none, a small one is
+            // half scale with its eyes at 0.9875.
+            let (size, eye) = match (a.marker, a.small) {
+                (true, _) => ((0.0, 0.0), 0.0),
+                (_, true) => ((0.25, 0.9875), 0.9875),
+                _ => ((0.5, 1.975), 1.7775),
+            };
+            let p = a.position;
+            g.hitbox([p.x, p.y, p.z], size, eye, true, (0.0, a.yaw));
+        }
+        for b in &self.boats {
+            let h = super::boats::HEIGHT as f32;
+            g.hitbox(
+                at(b.previous, b.position),
+                (super::boats::WIDTH as f32, h),
+                h,
+                false,
+                (0.0, b.yaw),
+            );
+        }
+        for c in &self.carts {
+            let (w, h) = (
+                super::minecarts::WIDTH as f32,
+                super::minecarts::HEIGHT as f32,
+            );
+            g.hitbox(
+                at(c.previous, c.position),
+                (w, h),
+                h * 0.85,
+                false,
+                (0.0, c.yaw),
+            );
+        }
+        for o in &self.orbs {
+            g.hitbox(
+                at(o.previous, o.position),
+                (0.5, 0.5),
+                0.425,
+                false,
+                (0.0, 0.0),
+            );
+        }
+        for f in &self.falling {
+            g.hitbox(
+                at(f.previous, f.position),
+                (0.98, 0.98),
+                0.833,
+                false,
+                (0.0, 0.0),
+            );
+        }
+        for t in &self.tnts {
+            g.hitbox(
+                at(t.previous, t.position),
+                (0.98, 0.98),
+                0.15,
+                false,
+                (0.0, 0.0),
+            );
+        }
+        for c in &self.crystals {
+            let p = c.position;
+            g.hitbox([p.x, p.y, p.z], (2.0, 2.0), 1.7, false, (0.0, 0.0));
+        }
+        for p in &self.creatures.projectiles {
+            use horizon_client::projectiles::ProjectileKind as K;
+            let (size, eye) = match p.kind {
+                K::Arrow { .. } | K::Trident => (0.5, 0.13),
+                K::Snowball | K::Egg | K::EnderPearl | K::LlamaSpit | K::Potion { .. } => {
+                    (0.25, 0.2125)
+                }
+                K::SmallFireball | K::ShulkerBullet { .. } | K::WitherSkull { .. } => {
+                    (0.3125, 0.265_625)
+                }
+                K::WindCharge | K::BreezeWindCharge => (0.3125, 0.0),
+                K::LargeFireball { .. } => (1.0, 0.85),
+            };
+            g.hitbox(
+                at(p.previous, p.position),
+                (size, size),
+                eye,
+                false,
+                (p.pitch, p.yaw),
+            );
+        }
+        for t in &self.tridents {
+            g.hitbox(
+                at(t.previous, t.position),
+                (0.5, 0.5),
+                0.13,
+                false,
+                (t.pitch, t.yaw),
+            );
+        }
+        for r in &self.rockets {
+            // Projectile.updateRotation: the look follows the motion.
+            let v = r.velocity;
+            let yaw = v.x.atan2(v.z).to_degrees() as f32;
+            let pitch = v.y.atan2(v.x.hypot(v.z)).to_degrees() as f32;
+            g.hitbox(
+                at(r.previous, r.position),
+                (0.25, 0.25),
+                0.2125,
+                false,
+                (pitch, yaw),
+            );
+        }
+        for h in self
+            .hook
+            .iter()
+            .map(|h| (h.previous, h.position))
+            .chain(self.remote_hooks.iter().map(|h| (h.previous, h.position)))
+        {
+            g.hitbox(at(h.0, h.1), (0.25, 0.25), 0.2125, false, (0.0, 0.0));
+        }
+        for b in &self.bolts {
+            g.hitbox(b.at, (0.0, 0.0), 0.0, false, (0.0, 0.0));
+        }
+        // The dragon: 16 by 8, a living entity; its parts follow.
+        if let Some(d) = &self.dragon {
+            g.hitbox(
+                at(d.previous, d.position),
+                (16.0, 8.0),
+                6.8,
+                true,
+                (0.0, d.yaw),
+            );
+        }
         // The dragon's parts.
         for (id, b) in self.special_targets() {
             if (super::dragon::SPECIAL..super::dragon::SPECIAL + 8).contains(&id) {
@@ -828,3 +982,12 @@ impl Game<'_> {
         g
     }
 }
+
+/// The (x, y) rotations whose view vector is the step of a direction.
+fn step_view(step: [i32; 3]) -> (f32, f32) {
+    let [x, y, z] = step.map(f64::from);
+    (
+        (-y).asin().to_degrees() as f32,
+        (-x.atan2(z)).to_degrees() as f32,
+    )
+}

crates/horizon-client/src/game/deflect.rs

@@ -120,6 +120,11 @@ impl Game<'_> {
         p.guest = guest;
         // Not into the one who turned it on its way out.
         p.left_owner = false;
+        // `AbstractHurtingProjectile.onDeflection` by an attack, and the
+        // `needsSync` that `AIM_DEFLECT` sets: a server's players see it turn
+        // at once, not at the fireball's next update ten ticks later.
+        p.acceleration = 0.1;
+        p.needs_sync = true;
         self.reset_attack_strength();
         self.swing_arm();
         let from = self

crates/horizon-client/src/game/dispenser.rs

@@ -1034,7 +1034,7 @@ impl Game<'_> {
                     a.pickup = horizon_client::arrows::Pickup::Allowed;
                 }
                 shot.shoot(&mut own, dir, power, uncertainty);
-                self.creatures.projectiles.push(shot);
+                self.add_projectile(shot);
             }
         }
     }

crates/horizon-client/src/game/dragon.rs

@@ -291,11 +291,11 @@ pub(super) enum FightWho {
 }
 /// A player in the End as the dragon sees it.
 #[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug)]
-struct FightPlayer {
-    who: FightWho,
-    position: Vec3,
-    bounds: Aabb,
-    alive: bool,
+pub(super) struct FightPlayer {
+    pub(super) who: FightWho,
+    pub(super) position: Vec3,
+    pub(super) bounds: Aabb,
+    pub(super) alive: bool,
     creative: bool,
     spectator: bool,
 }
@@ -693,7 +693,7 @@ impl Game<'_> {
     }
     /// The players in the level the dragon sees (`level.players()`): the
     /// window's own, then every guest in the level.
-    fn fight_players(&self) -> Vec<FightPlayer> {
+    pub(super) fn fight_players(&self) -> Vec<FightPlayer> {
         let mut out = Vec::new();
         if let Some(p) = self.player.as_ref() {
             out.push(FightPlayer {
@@ -722,7 +722,7 @@ impl Game<'_> {
     }
     /// Run `f` as the fight's player `who` (a guest's turn, its knockback
     /// sent to its client).
-    fn as_fight_player(&mut self, who: FightWho, f: impl FnOnce(&mut Self)) {
+    pub(super) fn as_fight_player(&mut self, who: FightWho, f: impl FnOnce(&mut Self)) {
         match who {
             FightWho::Host => f(self),
             FightWho::Guest(conn) => {
@@ -828,8 +828,10 @@ impl Game<'_> {
                 continue;
             }
             let time = self.world.random.next_int_bound(100_000).unwrap_or(0);
+            // EndCrystal's constructor takes an id from the entity counter.
+            self.next_entity += 1;
             self.crystals.push(Crystal {
-                id: 0,
+                id: self.next_entity,
                 position: at,
                 show_bottom: true,
                 time,
@@ -1566,6 +1568,7 @@ impl Game<'_> {
                         age: 0,
                         duration: 200,
                         from_dragon: true,
+                        potion: None,
                     });
                 }
             }
@@ -2078,12 +2081,18 @@ impl Game<'_> {
                     age: 0,
                     duration: 600,
                     from_dragon: false,
+                    potion: None,
                 });
-                self.audio.play(
-                    "minecraft:entity.dragon_fireball.explode",
-                    Some([next.x, next.y, next.z]),
-                    1.0,
-                    1.0,
+                // DragonFireball.onHit: level event 2006 (the burst of dragon
+                // breath and the explosion sound) at its block position.
+                self.level_event_at(
+                    2006,
+                    [
+                        next.x.floor() as i32,
+                        next.y.floor() as i32,
+                        next.z.floor() as i32,
+                    ],
+                    1,
                 );
                 return false;
             }
@@ -2110,6 +2119,10 @@ impl Game<'_> {
         let mut harmed: Vec<(FightWho, f32)> = Vec::new();
         let mut clouds = std::mem::take(&mut self.breath_clouds);
         clouds.retain_mut(|c| {
+            // Lingering potions' clouds tick with the potions.
+            if c.potion.is_some() {
+                return true;
+            }
             c.age += 1;
             if c.age >= c.duration {
                 return false;
@@ -2257,8 +2270,22 @@ pub(super) struct Breath {
     pub(super) at: [f64; 3],
     pub(super) radius: f32,
     pub(super) age: i32,
-    duration: i32,
-    from_dragon: bool,
+    pub(super) duration: i32,
+    pub(super) from_dragon: bool,
+    /// A lingering potion's cloud (`ThrownLingeringPotion`): what it applies.
+    pub(super) potion: Option<super::potions::PotionCloud>,
+}
+impl Breath {
+    /// `AreaEffectCloud.isWaiting`: before its wait time (20 ticks, 10 for a
+    /// lingering potion's).
+    pub(super) fn waiting(&self) -> bool {
+        self.age
+            < if self.potion.is_some() {
+                super::potions::LINGERING_WAIT
+            } else {
+                20
+            }
+    }
 }
 impl Game<'_> {
     /// `EnderDragonRenderer` and `EnderDragonModel.setupAnim`.
@@ -2835,8 +2862,11 @@ impl Game<'_> {
             return false;
         }
         let time = self.world.random.next_int_bound(100_000).unwrap_or(0);
+        // EndCrystal's constructor takes an id from the entity counter, so
+        // the crystal is an entity a command can name (`@e[type=end_crystal]`).
+        self.next_entity += 1;
         self.crystals.push(Crystal {
-            id: 0,
+            id: self.next_entity,
             position: Vec3::new(x + 0.5, y, z + 0.5),
             show_bottom: false,
             time,
@@ -2853,6 +2883,21 @@ impl Game<'_> {
         self.swing_arm();
         true
     }
+    /// `EndCrystal.kill` (`/kill`): the crystal is removed, without a blast
+    /// (`Entity.kill` does not hurt it).
+    pub(super) fn kill_crystal(&mut self, id: u32) {
+        if let Some(i) = self.crystals.iter().position(|c| c.id == id) {
+            self.destroy_crystal(i, None, CrystalDamage::Explosion);
+        }
+    }
+    /// `EnderDragon.kill` (`/kill`): `Entity.kill` removes the entity, it
+    /// does not hurt it (the dragon flies its death flight when its health
+    /// runs out).
+    pub(super) fn kill_dragon(&mut self, id: u32) {
+        if self.dragon.as_ref().is_some_and(|d| d.id == id) {
+            self.dragon = None;
+        }
+    }
     /// Any entity touching `room` (`Level.getEntities(null, box)`).
     fn entity_in(&self, room: Aabb) -> bool {
         let touches = |lo: Vec3, hi: Vec3| {

crates/horizon-client/src/game/end.rs

@@ -253,10 +253,17 @@ impl Game<'_> {
         out
     }
 
-    /// LightmapRenderStateExtractor: End flashes add to the sky light factor.
+    /// LightmapRenderStateExtractor: End flashes add to the sky light factor
+    /// unless Hide Lightning Flashes is on (the sky sprite is not gated), a
+    /// third of it under a boss bar's world fog.
     pub(super) fn end_flash_sky(&self, sky: &mut horizon_client::environment::Sky, partial: f64) {
-        if self.dim == Dim::End {
-            sky.sky_light_factor += self.end.flash.intensity(partial as f32);
+        if self.dim == Dim::End && !self.settings.file.bool("hideLightningFlashes") {
+            let intensity = self.end.flash.intensity(partial as f32);
+            sky.sky_light_factor += if self.boss_overlay.should_create_world_fog() {
+                intensity / 3.0
+            } else {
+                intensity
+            };
         }
     }
 

crates/horizon-client/src/game/fireworks.rs

@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ pub(super) struct Rocket {
     /// The entity id a server tracks it by (0 until it is tracked).
     pub id: u32,
     pub(super) position: Vec3,
-    previous: Vec3,
+    pub(super) previous: Vec3,
     pub(super) velocity: Vec3,
     life: i32,
     lifetime: i32,

crates/horizon-client/src/game/fishing.rs

@@ -30,8 +30,8 @@ enum State {
 pub(super) struct Hook {
     /// Its entity id, which a server's players track it under.
     id: u32,
-    position: Vec3,
-    previous: Vec3,
+    pub(super) position: Vec3,
+    pub(super) previous: Vec3,
     velocity: Vec3,
     state: State,
     life: i32,
@@ -433,6 +433,8 @@ impl Game<'_> {
         let options = ParticleOptions::simple(kind);
         self.particles
             .send_particles(&options, at, spread, speed, count);
+        // The players a server serves are sent them too.
+        self.lan_send_particles(&options, at, spread, speed, count);
     }
     /// `FishingHook.tick`.
     pub(super) fn tick_fishing(&mut self) {
@@ -770,8 +772,8 @@ impl Game<'_> {
 pub(super) struct RemoteHook {
     id: u32,
     owner: u32,
-    position: Vec3,
-    previous: Vec3,
+    pub(super) position: Vec3,
+    pub(super) previous: Vec3,
 }
 
 impl Hook {

crates/horizon-client/src/game/frames.rs

@@ -457,7 +457,7 @@ impl Game<'_> {
         }
         for (id, m, light) in maps {
             let entity_start = out.len();
-            self.map_vertices(id, m, light, out);
+            self.map_vertices(id, true, m, light, out);
             self.cull_entity_vertices(out, entity_start);
         }
     }

crates/horizon-client/src/game/jukebox.rs

@@ -79,6 +79,7 @@ impl Game<'_> {
         if !self.creative {
             self.consume_held();
         }
+        self.stats.custom("play_record", 1);
         self.world.block_entities.insert(
             (pos[0], pos[1], pos[2]),
             BlockEntity::Jukebox(Jukebox {

crates/horizon-client/src/game/lan.rs

@@ -412,6 +412,26 @@ fn mob_meta(
     }
 }
 
+/// What a client shakes a mob by: Entity.DATA_TICKS_FROZEN (7), whose full
+/// count is `isFullyFrozen`, and Strider.DATA_SUFFOCATING (19, after
+/// AgeableMob's two and DATA_BOOST_TIME).
+fn mob_freeze_meta(
+    m: &Mob,
+    meta: &mut Vec<(u8, i32, Value)>,
+    defaults: &mut Vec<(u8, i32, Value)>,
+) {
+    if m.ticks_frozen > 0 {
+        meta.push((7, serializer::INT, Value::Int(m.ticks_frozen)));
+    }
+    defaults.push((7, serializer::INT, Value::Int(0)));
+    if m.kind.id == "minecraft:strider" {
+        if m.extra.flag {
+            meta.push((19, serializer::BOOLEAN, Value::Bool(true)));
+        }
+        defaults.push((19, serializer::BOOLEAN, Value::Bool(false)));
+    }
+}
+
 /// The equipment a mob shows (ClientboundSetEquipmentPacket slots: main hand,
 /// off hand, feet, legs, chest, head, body, saddle).
 fn mob_equipment(
@@ -420,13 +440,16 @@ fn mob_equipment(
     out: &mut Vec<(u8, Option<horizon_protocol::item::Stack>)>,
 ) {
     let e = &m.extra;
+    // A horse's armour, a llama's carpet, a harness: Horizon keeps the body
+    // slot's item (6) in `head`.
+    let body = horizon_client::mobs::drops::head_is_body(m.species());
     let slots = [
         (0u8, &e.main_hand),
         (1, &e.off_hand),
         (2, &e.feet),
         (3, &e.legs),
         (4, &e.chest),
-        (5, &e.head),
+        (if body { 6 } else { 5 }, &e.head),
     ];
     for (slot, item) in slots {
         if let Some(item) = item {
@@ -930,6 +953,7 @@ impl Game<'_> {
             e.velocity = [m.velocity.x, m.velocity.y, m.velocity.z];
             e.needs_sync = m.needs_sync;
             mob_meta(m, hub, player_entity, &mut e.meta, &mut e.defaults);
+            mob_freeze_meta(m, &mut e.meta, &mut e.defaults);
             mob_equipment(m, hub, &mut e.equipment);
             self.mob_attributes(m, &mut e.attributes);
             e.leash = leash;
@@ -1006,6 +1030,9 @@ impl Game<'_> {
             for m in &mut self.mobs {
                 m.needs_sync = false;
             }
+            for p in &mut self.creatures.projectiles {
+                p.needs_sync = false;
+            }
             // `runBlockEvents`' broadcast precedes the tick's block changes
             // (`ChunkHolder.broadcastChanges` in `tick_level` below): the
             // guest re-runs a piston's `triggerEvent` while its level still
@@ -1166,8 +1193,11 @@ impl Game<'_> {
         drop(holding);
         lan::flush_all(host.hub.guests.iter().map(|g| &g.sender));
         self.lan = Some(host);
-        // A mace's wind burst from a guest's attack.
+        // A blast from a guest's attack, and a mace's wind burst.
+        self.flush_lan_explosions();
         let _ = self.flush_wind_bursts();
+        // Particles a guest's turn sent (sweep attack, damage indicator, a hook's splashes).
+        self.flush_lan_particles();
     }
 
     fn lan_guest_joined(
@@ -1521,6 +1551,7 @@ impl Game<'_> {
                 .each_ref()
                 .map(|s| s.as_ref().map(|s| s.item.clone()));
             m.extra.crouching = g.sneaking;
+            m.extra.avatar_pose = g.pose();
             m.extra.sprinting = g.sprinting;
             // LivingEntity.DATA_EFFECT_PARTICLES: the swirls of its visible effects.
             let visible = || g.effects.list.iter().filter(|e| e.visible);

crates/horizon-client/src/game/lan_actions.rs

@@ -267,8 +267,10 @@ impl Game<'_> {
         }
         let mut play = host.play.remove(&conn).unwrap_or_default();
         if fresh {
-            // A new body (joined, respawned, changed level): nothing on it yet.
+            // A new body (joined, respawned, changed level): nothing on it yet,
+            // its effects' modifiers and armor protection included.
             play.equipped = None;
+            play.potions = Default::default();
             play.sculk = Default::default();
         }
         let g = &mut host.hub.guests[i];
@@ -405,6 +407,12 @@ impl Game<'_> {
             self.apply_equipment();
             play.equipped = Some(equipped);
         }
+        // The player's effects are on the new body before anything it does
+        // (the movement that brought it, a landing): vanilla keeps the same
+        // entity through a level change, with its attributes and effects.
+        if fresh {
+            self.apply_effect_status();
+        }
         self.update_totem_ready();
         Some(GuestSwap {
             conn,
@@ -1216,6 +1224,7 @@ impl Game<'_> {
             }
             S::RenameItem(p) => self.lan_station_rename(host, conn, &p.name),
             S::SignUpdate(p) => self.lan_sign_update(host, conn, p),
+            S::SetCommandBlock(p) => self.lan_set_command_block(host, conn, p),
             S::EditBook(p) => self.lan_edit_book(host, conn, p),
             S::ContainerSlotStateChanged(p) => {
                 self.lan_crafter_slot_state(host, conn, p.container, p.slot, p.enabled);
@@ -1540,9 +1549,13 @@ impl Game<'_> {
         if let Some(victim) = Self::pvp_victim(host, conn, id) {
             if let Some(Some(strike)) = self.as_guest(host, conn, |g| g.pvp_strike())
                 && self.pvp_land(host, victim, &strike)
-                && strike.stops_sprint()
             {
-                self.as_guest(host, conn, |g| g.stop_sprint_after_extra_knockback());
+                self.as_guest(host, conn, |g| {
+                    g.pvp_exhaustion();
+                    if strike.stops_sprint() {
+                        g.stop_sprint_after_extra_knockback();
+                    }
+                });
             }
             return;
         }
@@ -1847,10 +1860,6 @@ impl Game<'_> {
         };
         xp.respawn(self.ui.rules.bool("keep_inventory") || g.game_mode == SPECTATOR);
         (g.xp_level, g.xp_progress, g.xp_total) = (xp.level, xp.progress, xp.total);
-        // A new body: nothing given to the old one carries over.
-        if let Some(play) = host.play.get_mut(&conn) {
-            play.potions = Default::default();
-        }
         let clock_rate = self.network_clock_rate();
         let ctx = TickCtx {
             world: &mut self.world,
@@ -2209,7 +2218,7 @@ impl Game<'_> {
         }
         let in_wall = !g.sleeping && self.in_wall(g.position, g.eye_height());
         let at = g.position;
-        let sneaking = g.sneaking;
+        let (sneaking, sleeping) = (g.sneaking, g.sleeping);
         let mut soul = None;
         let events = self.as_guest(host, conn, |game| {
             let (rules, motion) = (game.world.health_rules, game.motion);
@@ -2278,6 +2287,7 @@ impl Game<'_> {
             // Entity.applyEffectsFromBlocks along those moves: magma, cactus,
             // lit campfires and grown sweet berry bushes hurt (#1305).
             w.player.shift_key_down = sneaking;
+            let _ = w.player.set_sleeping(sleeping);
             w.player.freeze_immune = freeze_immune;
             let _ = w.server_block_damage(start);
             let _ = w.update_soul_speed_block();
@@ -2294,6 +2304,8 @@ impl Game<'_> {
                     game.cauldron_extinguish(*pos);
                 }
             }
+            // Entity.baseTick: rain puts out a burning player.
+            game.rain_extinguish_player();
             // WitherRoseBlock.entityInside along those moves.
             for event in &events {
                 if matches!(event, MotionEvent::InsideWitherRose) {
@@ -2332,6 +2344,13 @@ impl Game<'_> {
             // ServerEntity.sendChanges sends it as it is after this travel.
             let marked = std::mem::take(&mut player.health.sync_velocity);
             let velocity = marked.then_some(player.velocity);
+            // Player.causeFallDamage: a fall of 2 blocks or more counts.
+            for event in &events {
+                if let MotionEvent::Fall(horizon_client::landing::FallEvent::Statistic(cm)) = event
+                {
+                    game.stats.custom("fall_one_cm", *cm);
+                }
+            }
             game.record_combat(&events);
             game.wear_armor(&events);
             (events, velocity)
@@ -2354,6 +2373,15 @@ impl Game<'_> {
                     speed,
                 }) => self.landing_dust(Some(host), state, position, count, speed),
                 MotionEvent::Fall(event) => self.landing_block_updates(&event),
+                // LivingEntity.baseTick's entity event 67, to every client
+                // around, the guest's own included; this window draws it too.
+                MotionEvent::Drown => {
+                    if let Some(g) = host.hub.guest(conn) {
+                        host.hub
+                            .entity_event(g.entity_id, super::combat::DROWN_EVENT, at);
+                    }
+                    self.drown_particles(at, [0.0; 3]);
+                }
                 // HoneyBlock.maybeDoSlideEffects: the sound reaches the
                 // others (Player.playSound excludes the player, whose client
                 // plays it), the entity event 53 everyone around.
@@ -2689,8 +2717,7 @@ impl Game<'_> {
     /// with Mending and gives the rest as points. Everyone near hears it.
     fn guest_orbs(&mut self, host: &mut LanHost, gi: usize) {
         let g = &host.hub.guests[gi];
-        // Player's standing and crouching boxes: 1.8 and 1.5 high.
-        let height = if g.sneaking { 1.5 } else { 1.8 };
+        let height = f64::from(g.dimensions().height);
         let (conn, id, at) = (g.conn, g.entity_id, g.position);
         let unable = g.spectator() || g.dead || g.health <= 0.0;
         let play = host.play.entry(conn).or_default();

crates/horizon-client/src/game/lan_entities.rs

@@ -342,6 +342,7 @@ impl Game<'_> {
             let mut e = state(p.id, kind, at(p.position), p.yaw, false);
             e.pitch = p.pitch;
             e.velocity = at(p.velocity);
+            e.needs_sync = p.needs_sync;
             // Projectile.getAddEntityPacket: the owner's id.
             e.data = match p.guest.and_then(|conn| hub.guest(conn)) {
                 Some(g) => g.entity_id,
@@ -466,7 +467,7 @@ impl Game<'_> {
             }
             out.push(e);
         }
-        // The dragon's breath clouds (AreaEffectCloud's DATA_RADIUS,
+        // The dragon's breath and lingering potion clouds (AreaEffectCloud's DATA_RADIUS,
         // DATA_WAITING for its 20-tick wait, and DATA_PARTICLE): the
         // client draws them from these (`tick_remote_clouds`).
         let breath = self.network_particle(
@@ -484,10 +485,14 @@ impl Game<'_> {
         for b in self.breath_clouds.iter().filter(|b| b.id != 0) {
             let mut e = state(b.id, "minecraft:area_effect_cloud", b.at, 0.0, false);
             e.meta.push((8, serializer::FLOAT, Value::Float(b.radius)));
-            if b.age < 20 {
+            if b.waiting() {
                 e.meta.push((9, serializer::BOOLEAN, Value::Bool(true)));
             }
-            if let Some(p) = &breath {
+            let particle = match &b.potion {
+                Some(p) => self.network_particle(&p.particle(), None),
+                None => breath.clone(),
+            };
+            if let Some(p) = &particle {
                 e.meta
                     .push((10, serializer::PARTICLE, Value::Particle(p.clone())));
             }

crates/horizon-client/src/game/lan_mobs.rs

@@ -175,9 +175,9 @@ impl Game<'_> {
             .iter()
             .filter(|g| host.hub.here(g) && g.loaded && !g.dead && !g.spectator())
             .map(|g| {
-                let [x, y, z] = g.position;
-                let height = if g.sneaking { 1.5 } else { 1.8 };
-                ([x - 0.3, y, z - 0.3], [x + 0.3, y + height, z + 0.3])
+                let b = g.bounds();
+                let (lo, hi) = (b.min_position(), b.max_position());
+                ([lo.x, lo.y, lo.z], [hi.x, hi.y, hi.z])
             })
             .collect()
     }
@@ -319,7 +319,7 @@ impl Game<'_> {
                     uuid: horizon_client::lan::playerdata::uuid_ints(g.uuid),
                     position: g.position,
                     eye: [x, y + g.eye_height(), z],
-                    height: if g.sneaking { 1.5 } else { 1.8 },
+                    height: g.dimensions().height,
                     creative: g.creative(),
                     spectator: g.spectator(),
                     alive: !g.dead,
@@ -336,14 +336,9 @@ impl Game<'_> {
     }
 }
 
-/// A guest's bounding box (0.6 wide, 1.8 tall, 1.5 crouching).
+/// A guest's bounding box, by its pose (`Avatar.POSES`).
 pub(super) fn guest_bounds(g: &horizon_client::lan::guest::Guest) -> Aabb {
-    let [x, y, z] = g.position;
-    let height = if g.sneaking { 1.5 } else { 1.8 };
-    Aabb::new(
-        Vec3::new(x - 0.3, y, z - 0.3),
-        Vec3::new(x + 0.3, y + height, z + 0.3),
-    )
+    g.bounds()
 }
 
 #[cfg(test)]
@@ -374,6 +369,7 @@ mod tests {
             uuid: [0; 4],
             allies: Default::default(),
             remote: false,
+            passenger: false,
         }
     }
 

crates/horizon-client/src/game/lan_particles.rs

@@ -318,16 +318,86 @@ impl Game<'_> {
         }
     }
 
+    /// `ServerLevel.sendParticles` for the players a server serves: one
+    /// `ClientboundLevelParticlesPacket` to each player in the level whose
+    /// block is within 32 blocks of `at`. The window's own player is not
+    /// sent it (the caller draws it in this window). While the host holds
+    /// the players (a guest's turn through `as_guest`, a host's hit on a
+    /// guest) the packet waits for the turn to end so that it reaches every
+    /// player, the guest too.
+    pub(super) fn lan_send_particles(
+        &mut self,
+        options: &ParticleOptions,
+        at: [f64; 3],
+        spread: [f64; 3],
+        speed: f64,
+        count: u32,
+    ) {
+        if self.lan.is_none() {
+            // The server is running (its sounds are captured for the guests).
+            if self.audio.capture.is_some() {
+                self.creatures
+                    .lan_particles
+                    .push((options.clone(), at, spread, speed, count));
+            }
+            return;
+        }
+        let Some(particle) = self.network_particle(options, None) else {
+            return;
+        };
+        let Some(host) = self.lan.as_ref() else {
+            return;
+        };
+        let body = C::LevelParticles(play::LevelParticles {
+            particle,
+            override_limiter: false,
+            always_show: false,
+            pos: at,
+            dist: spread.map(|d| d as f32),
+            max_speed: [speed as f32; 3],
+            count: count as i32,
+            randomization: 0,
+        })
+        .encode();
+        for g in host.hub.guests.iter().filter(|g| host.hub.here(g)) {
+            // BlockPos.closerToCenterThan(at, 32): from the centre of the
+            // player's block.
+            let d: f64 = (0..3)
+                .map(|k| (g.position[k].floor() + 0.5 - at[k]).powi(2))
+                .sum();
+            if d < 32.0 * 32.0 {
+                g.sender.send(body.clone());
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// The particles guests' turns put off.
+    pub(super) fn flush_lan_particles(&mut self) {
+        for (options, at, spread, speed, count) in std::mem::take(&mut self.creatures.lan_particles)
+        {
+            self.lan_send_particles(&options, at, spread, speed, count);
+        }
+    }
+
     /// `ServerLevel.explode`'s packet to each player within 64 blocks. The
     /// sound and the push reach them on their own (the level's sounds, the
     /// motion a hurt player is sent), so the packet carries neither.
     pub(super) fn lan_explode(
-        &self,
+        &mut self,
         center: [f64; 3],
         small: bool,
         radius: f32,
         block_count: usize,
     ) {
+        // In a guest's turn (their hit on an end crystal or a minecart) the
+        // host holds the players (`as_guest`): the packet waits for the turn
+        // to end so that it reaches every player, the guest too.
+        if self.lan_acting.is_some() && self.lan.is_none() {
+            self.creatures
+                .lan_explosions
+                .push((center, small, radius, block_count));
+            return;
+        }
         let emitter = if small {
             "minecraft:explosion"
         } else {
@@ -341,6 +411,15 @@ impl Game<'_> {
         }
     }
 
+    /// The explosions guests' turns put off.
+    pub(super) fn flush_lan_explosions(&mut self) {
+        for (center, small, radius, block_count) in
+            std::mem::take(&mut self.creatures.lan_explosions)
+        {
+            self.lan_explode(center, small, radius, block_count);
+        }
+    }
+
     /// A wind charge's burst (`AbstractWindCharge.explode`): gust emitters,
     /// no block particles, and for each player it pushed the push
     /// (`ServerExplosion.hitPlayers`), which only that client applies, as

crates/horizon-client/src/game/lan_pvp.rs

@@ -86,9 +86,11 @@ impl Game<'_> {
         };
         if let Some(strike) = self.pvp_strike()
             && self.pvp_land(&mut host, Victim::Guest(conn), &strike)
-            && strike.stops_sprint()
         {
-            self.stop_sprint_after_extra_knockback();
+            self.pvp_exhaustion();
+            if strike.stops_sprint() {
+                self.stop_sprint_after_extra_knockback();
+            }
         }
         self.lan = Some(host);
         true
@@ -106,8 +108,18 @@ impl Game<'_> {
             .map(|g| Victim::Guest(g.conn))
     }
 
+    /// `Player.attack`'s `causeFoodExhaustion(0.1F)`, charged to the attacker
+    /// (the host, or a guest swapped in) only once the hit hurt the victim.
+    pub(super) fn pvp_exhaustion(&mut self) {
+        if let Some(p) = self.player.as_mut()
+            && !self.creative
+        {
+            p.cause_food_exhaustion(0.1);
+        }
+    }
+
     /// The attacker's side of `Player.attack` (the host, or a guest swapped
-    /// in): the damage, the charge reset, the exhaustion and the swing.
+    /// in): the damage, the charge reset and the swing.
     pub(super) fn pvp_strike(&mut self) -> Option<Strike> {
         let p = self.player.as_ref()?;
         let from = [p.position.x, p.position.y, p.position.z];
@@ -116,11 +128,6 @@ impl Game<'_> {
         let (strength, knockback_attack) = self.extra_knockback("minecraft:player", scale);
         let (xd, zd) = self.extra_knockback_direction();
         self.attack_ticks = 0;
-        if let Some(p) = self.player.as_mut()
-            && !self.creative
-        {
-            p.cause_food_exhaustion(0.1);
-        }
         self.swing_arm();
         Some(Strike {
             attacker: self.lan_acting,

crates/horizon-client/src/game/lan_screen.rs

@@ -5,14 +5,10 @@
 //! forcing the game mode. Its difficulty lock asks first (PopupScreen), and
 //! Restrictions opens RestrictionsScreen.
 //! Parity reference: https://mcsrc.dev/2/26.3/net/minecraft/client/gui/screens/WorldOptionsScreen
-use super::{
-    Game, Screen,
-    game_rules_screen::{Exit, RulesScreen},
-    integrated::ServerOptions,
-    lan::LanSettings,
-};
+use super::{Game, Screen, integrated::ServerOptions, lan::LanSettings};
 use horizon_client::{
     font::Font,
+    game_rules_screen::{Exit, RulesScreen},
     hud::{HudBatch, rgba},
     text::{Text, named_color},
     ui::{self, EditBox},

crates/horizon-client/src/game/lan_trading.rs

@@ -277,7 +277,12 @@ impl Game<'_> {
             g.carried = menu.carried.take();
         }
         self.register_exploration_maps(made);
-        gm.merchant.session = self.merchant_apply(session, gm.merchant.mob);
+        let (session, traded) = self.merchant_apply(session, gm.merchant.mob);
+        gm.merchant.session = session;
+        if !traded.is_empty() {
+            // The guest's own statistic and advancements.
+            self.as_guest(host, conn, |g| g.merchant_traded(gm.merchant.mob, &traded));
+        }
         self.drop_guest_items(host, gi, dropped);
         self.lan_send_offers(host, conn, &mut gm, false);
         self.lan_send_merchant_content(host, conn, &mut gm);

crates/horizon-client/src/game/level_particles.rs

@@ -1,12 +1,14 @@
 //! Level events whose client handler (`LevelEventHandler`) spawns particles
 //! on a block: bone meal's growth (1505), dragon egg teleportation (2015), a
 //! consumable's teleport (2017), electric sparks (3002), waxing (3003), wax
-//! off (3004) and scraping (3005).
+//! off (3004) and scraping (3005), plus the smoke, drips, egg and dragon
+//! fireball particles of 1501, 1502, 1504, 2006, 2009, 2012 and 3009.
 use super::Game;
 use horizon_client::items::ItemStack;
 use horizon_client::particles::{self, ParticleOptions, ParticleType};
-use horizon_core::{position::BlockPos, random::RandomSource};
+use horizon_core::{geometry::trig, position::BlockPos, random::RandomSource};
 use horizon_world::level::LevelEvent;
+use horizon_world::registry::BlockStateId;
 
 impl Game<'_> {
     pub(super) fn dragon_egg_particles(&mut self, pos: [i32; 3], data: i32) {
@@ -72,24 +74,42 @@ impl Game<'_> {
                 } else {
                     // ParticleUtils.spawnParticleInBlock: up to the
                     // block's shape (a full block when air).
-                    let inside = self.world.block(at[0], at[1], at[2]);
-                    let height = if facts.is_air(inside) {
-                        1.0
-                    } else {
-                        facts
-                            .get(inside)
-                            .outline
-                            .iter()
-                            .map(|b| b[4])
-                            .fold(0.0, f64::max)
-                    };
-                    (at, count, 0.5, height, true)
+                    (at, count, 0.5, self.block_shape_top(at), true)
                 }
             }
             None if &*facts.get(state).name == "minecraft:water" => (p, count * 3, 3.0, 1.0, false),
             None => return,
         };
-        let options = ParticleOptions::simple(ParticleType::HappyVillager);
+        self.spawn_particles(at, count, xz, height, floating, ParticleType::HappyVillager);
+    }
+    /// `BlockState.getShape(..).max(Y)` of the block at `at`, 1.0 for air.
+    fn block_shape_top(&self, at: [i32; 3]) -> f64 {
+        let facts = self.res.facts();
+        let inside = self.world.block(at[0], at[1], at[2]);
+        if facts.is_air(inside) {
+            1.0
+        } else {
+            facts
+                .get(inside)
+                .outline
+                .iter()
+                .map(|b| b[4])
+                .fold(0.0, f64::max)
+        }
+    }
+    /// `ParticleUtils.spawnParticles`: `count` slow particles spread over
+    /// `xz` blocks around `at` and `height` up, only above solid ground
+    /// unless floating ones are allowed.
+    fn spawn_particles(
+        &mut self,
+        at: [i32; 3],
+        count: i32,
+        xz: f64,
+        height: f64,
+        floating: bool,
+        ty: ParticleType,
+    ) {
+        let options = ParticleOptions::simple(ty);
         for _ in 0..count.max(0) {
             let r = self.particles.level_random();
             let v = [0.0; 3].map(|_: f64| r.next_gaussian() * 0.02);
@@ -108,6 +128,161 @@ impl Game<'_> {
             }
         }
     }
+    /// `LevelEventHandler` 2012 (a turtle egg laid on sand):
+    /// `ParticleUtils.spawnParticleInBlock` with happy villager sparks.
+    pub(super) fn turtle_egg_particles(&mut self, pos: BlockPos, count: i32) {
+        let at = [pos.x, pos.y, pos.z];
+        let height = self.block_shape_top(at);
+        self.spawn_particles(at, count, 0.5, height, true, ParticleType::HappyVillager);
+    }
+    /// `LevelEventHandler` 3009 (a sniffer egg cracking on moss):
+    /// `spawnParticlesOnBlockFaces(.., EGG_CRACK, UniformInt.of(3, 6))`.
+    pub(super) fn sniffer_egg_crack_particles(&mut self, pos: BlockPos) {
+        let mut spawned = Vec::new();
+        particles::on_block_faces_between(
+            self.particles.level_random(),
+            [pos.x, pos.y, pos.z],
+            3,
+            6,
+            |p, v| spawned.push((p, v)),
+        );
+        let options = ParticleOptions::simple(ParticleType::EggCrack);
+        for (p, v) in spawned {
+            self.particles.add(&options, p, v);
+        }
+    }
+    /// `LevelEventHandler` 1501 (lava put out) and 2009 (a wet sponge dried):
+    /// eight puffs just above the block, drawn after the sound.
+    pub(super) fn puffs_above_block(&mut self, pos: BlockPos, ty: ParticleType) {
+        let options = ParticleOptions::simple(ty);
+        for _ in 0..8 {
+            let r = self.particles.level_random();
+            let x = f64::from(pos.x) + r.next_double();
+            let z = f64::from(pos.z) + r.next_double();
+            self.particles
+                .add(&options, [x, f64::from(pos.y) + 1.2, z], [0.0; 3]);
+        }
+    }
+    /// `LevelEventHandler` 1502 (a redstone torch burning out): five smoke
+    /// puffs inside the block, drawn after the sound.
+    pub(super) fn torch_burnout_smoke(&mut self, pos: BlockPos) {
+        let options = ParticleOptions::simple(ParticleType::Smoke);
+        for _ in 0..5 {
+            let r = self.particles.level_random();
+            let x = f64::from(pos.x) + r.next_double() * 0.6 + 0.2;
+            let y = f64::from(pos.y) + r.next_double() * 0.6 + 0.2;
+            let z = f64::from(pos.z) + r.next_double() * 0.6 + 0.2;
+            self.particles.add(&options, [x, y, z], [0.0; 3]);
+        }
+    }
+    /// `LevelEventHandler` 2006 (`DragonFireball.onHit`): 200 dragon breath
+    /// particles thrown outwards, then the explosion sound when `data` is 1.
+    pub(super) fn dragon_fireball_burst(&mut self, pos: BlockPos, data: i32) {
+        for _ in 0..200 {
+            let r = self.particles.level_random();
+            let dist = r.next_float() * 4.0;
+            let angle = r.next_float() * std::f32::consts::TAU;
+            let vx = f64::from(trig::cos(f64::from(angle)) * dist);
+            let vy = 0.01 + r.next_double() * 0.5;
+            let vz = f64::from(trig::sin(f64::from(angle)) * dist);
+            let options = ParticleOptions {
+                scale: dist,
+                ..ParticleOptions::simple(ParticleType::DragonBreath)
+            };
+            self.particles.add(
+                &options,
+                [
+                    f64::from(pos.x) + vx * 0.1,
+                    f64::from(pos.y) + 0.3,
+                    f64::from(pos.z) + vz * 0.1,
+                ],
+                [vx, vy, vz],
+            );
+        }
+        if data == 1 {
+            let at = [pos.x, pos.y, pos.z].map(|v| f64::from(v) + 0.5);
+            let pitch = self.world.random.next_float() * 0.1 + 0.9;
+            self.audio.play(
+                "minecraft:entity.dragon_fireball.explode",
+                Some(at),
+                1.0,
+                pitch,
+            );
+        }
+    }
+    /// `SpeleothemBlock.isStalactite`: a speleothem whose tip points down.
+    fn is_stalactite(&self, state: BlockStateId) -> bool {
+        self.res.facts().get(state).has_class("SpeleothemBlock")
+            && self
+                .pack
+                .assets
+                .registry
+                .state(state)
+                .and_then(|s| s.properties.get("vertical_direction"))
+                .is_some_and(|d| d == "down")
+    }
+    /// `LevelEventHandler` 1504: `PointedDripstoneBlock.spawnDripParticle` at
+    /// the tip `pos`. The fluid above the stalactite's root picks the drip;
+    /// with none, the dimension's default (lava in the Nether).
+    pub(super) fn dripstone_drip_particle(&mut self, pos: BlockPos) {
+        let tip_state = self.world.block(pos.x, pos.y, pos.z);
+        if !self.is_stalactite(tip_state) {
+            return;
+        }
+        // findRootBlock: up through the same stalactite, at most 11 steps.
+        let tip_name = self.res.facts().get(tip_state).name.clone();
+        let mut root = None;
+        for step in 1..11 {
+            let y = pos.y + step;
+            if !(horizon_client::chunk::MIN_Y
+                ..horizon_client::chunk::MIN_Y + horizon_client::chunk::HEIGHT)
+                .contains(&y)
+            {
+                break;
+            }
+            let state = self.world.block(pos.x, y, pos.z);
+            if self.res.facts().get(state).name != tip_name {
+                root = Some(y);
+                break;
+            }
+            if !self.is_stalactite(state) {
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+        let Some(root_y) = root else {
+            return;
+        };
+        let above = self.world.block(pos.x, root_y + 1, pos.z);
+        let above_facts = self.res.facts().get(above);
+        let nether = self.dim == super::Dim::Nether;
+        let fluid = if &*above_facts.name == "minecraft:mud" && !nether {
+            horizon_client::blocks::Fluid::Water
+        } else {
+            above_facts.fluid
+        };
+        let ty = match fluid {
+            horizon_client::blocks::Fluid::Water => ParticleType::DrippingDripstoneWater,
+            horizon_client::blocks::Fluid::Lava => ParticleType::DrippingDripstoneLava,
+            horizon_client::blocks::Fluid::None if nether => ParticleType::DrippingDripstoneLava,
+            horizon_client::blocks::Fluid::None => ParticleType::DrippingDripstoneWater,
+        };
+        let offset = self
+            .pack
+            .context
+            .tables
+            .offset(tip_state, pos.x, pos.z)
+            .unwrap_or([0.0; 3]);
+        // The tip shape starts 5/16 up; the particle sits a pixel below that.
+        self.particles.add(
+            &ParticleOptions::simple(ty),
+            [
+                f64::from(pos.x) + 0.5 + offset[0],
+                f64::from(pos.y) + 5.0 / 16.0 - 0.0625,
+                f64::from(pos.z) + 0.5 + offset[2],
+            ],
+            [0.0; 3],
+        );
+    }
     /// `ServerLevel.globalLevelEvent`: heard by every player on the server
     /// (an end portal opening, the dragon's death roar): here, and sent to
     /// every guest whatever their dimension.

crates/horizon-client/src/game/levels.rs

@@ -120,6 +120,10 @@ impl Levels {
             .iter_mut()
             .map(|(d, p)| (*d, &mut p.world.chunks))
     }
+    /// The levels that are not in place, by dimension.
+    pub(super) fn parked_dims(&self) -> Vec<Dim> {
+        self.parked.keys().copied().collect()
+    }
 }
 
 impl Game<'_> {

crates/horizon-client/src/game/maps.rs

@@ -324,6 +324,13 @@ const DECORATION_TYPES: [(&str, &str); 24] = [
     ("mineshaft", "map/decorations/mineshaft"),
     ("ocean_ruin_warm", "map/decorations/warm_ocean_ruins"),
 ];
+/// `MapDecorationType.showOnItemFrame` is false for the player arrows and the two markers.
+fn shown_on_frame(sprite: &str) -> bool {
+    !matches!(
+        decoration_type(sprite),
+        Some("player" | "red_marker" | "blue_marker" | "player_off_map" | "player_off_limits")
+    )
+}
 /// The sprite of a decoration type that a `minecraft:map_decorations`
 /// entry or a server's packet names.
 fn decoration_sprite(id: &str) -> Option<&'static str> {
@@ -1114,9 +1121,12 @@ impl Game<'_> {
     }
     /// `MapRenderer.render`: the map texture and its decorations under `m`
     /// (map pixels 0..128, y down), drawn at depth offsets toward the viewer.
+    /// `show_only_frame` (a map in an item frame) leaves out the decorations that
+    /// do not show on frames.
     pub(super) fn map_vertices(
         &mut self,
         id: i32,
+        show_only_frame: bool,
         m: glam::Mat4,
         light: u32,
         out: &mut Vec<Vertex>,
@@ -1158,14 +1168,18 @@ impl Game<'_> {
             .get(&id)
             .map(|m| m.decorations.clone())
             .unwrap_or_default();
-        for (i, d) in decorations.iter().enumerate() {
+        let mut count = 0;
+        for d in &decorations {
+            if show_only_frame && !shown_on_frame(d.sprite) {
+                continue;
+            }
             let Some(s) = self.gui.atlas.sprites.get(d.sprite).copied() else {
                 continue;
             };
             let dm = glam::Mat4::from_translation(glam::Vec3::new(
                 f32::from(d.x) / 2.0 + 64.0,
                 f32::from(d.y) / 2.0 + 64.0,
-                -0.02 - i as f32 * 0.001,
+                -0.02 - count as f32 * 0.001,
             )) * glam::Mat4::from_rotation_z(
                 (f32::from(d.rot) * 360.0 / 16.0).to_radians(),
             ) * glam::Mat4::from_scale(glam::Vec3::splat(4.0))
@@ -1187,6 +1201,7 @@ impl Game<'_> {
                 [p(-1.0, 1.0), p(1.0, 1.0), p(1.0, -1.0), p(-1.0, -1.0)],
                 [[s.u0, s.v0], [s.u1, s.v0], [s.u1, s.v1], [s.u0, s.v1]],
             );
+            count += 1;
         }
     }
     /// `renderTwoHandedMap`: map `id` held in both hands, in view space (the
@@ -1255,7 +1270,7 @@ impl Game<'_> {
             }
         }
         if has_data {
-            self.map_vertices(id, m, light, out);
+            self.map_vertices(id, false, m, light, out);
         }
     }
 }

crates/horizon-client/src/game/minecarts.rs

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ use horizon_client::{
     blocks::Fluid,
     collisions::SceneCollisions,
     containers::BlockEntity,
-    items::ItemStack,
+    items::{ItemStack, Items},
     mesher::Vertex,
     mobs::{Part, anim::Poses},
     particles::{ParticleOptions, ParticleType},
@@ -201,6 +201,17 @@ impl Minecart {
     fn horizontal(&self) -> f64 {
         self.velocity.x.hypot(self.velocity.z)
     }
+    /// `AbstractContainerMenu.getRedstoneSignalFromContainer` of `slots`.
+    fn container_signal(slots: &[Option<ItemStack>], items: &Items) -> i32 {
+        let mut total = 0.0f32;
+        for s in slots.iter().flatten() {
+            let max = items.get(&s.item).map_or(64, |i| i.max_stack).min(64);
+            total += s.count as f32 / max as f32;
+        }
+        total /= slots.len().max(1) as f32;
+        // Mth.lerpDiscrete(total, 0, 15)
+        (total * 14.0).floor() as i32 + i32::from(total > 0.0)
+    }
 }
 pub(super) struct CartModels {
     pub models: HashMap<CartKind, Part>,
@@ -717,12 +728,7 @@ impl Game<'_> {
                 host.hub.here(g) && g.loaded && !g.dead && !g.spectator() && g.vehicle.is_none()
             }) {
                 let [x, y, z] = g.position;
-                let height = if g.sneaking { 1.5 } else { 1.8 };
-                let bb = Aabb::new(
-                    Vec3::new(x - 0.3, y, z - 0.3),
-                    Vec3::new(x + 0.3, y + height, z + 0.3),
-                );
-                pushers.push((Vec3::new(x, y, z), bb));
+                pushers.push((Vec3::new(x, y, z), g.bounds()));
             }
         }
         for (feet, bb) in pushers {
@@ -950,7 +956,7 @@ impl Game<'_> {
         }
         true
     }
-    /// `getDismountLocationForPassenger`: beside the cart (across its motion), else on top.
+    /// `getDismountLocationForPassenger`: beside the cart (across its facing), else on top.
     pub(super) fn dismount_cart(&mut self, i: usize) {
         self.riding = None;
         let c = &self.carts[i];
@@ -960,17 +966,25 @@ impl Game<'_> {
             c.position.z.floor() as i32,
         );
         let mut target = None;
+        // DismountHelper.offsetsForDirection of the cart's facing
+        // (Direction.fromYRot of its yaw): right, left, back right, back left,
+        // forward right, forward left, back, forward.
+        let step = |q: i32| [(0, 1), (-1, 0), (0, -1), (1, 0)][(q & 3) as usize];
+        let facing = (f64::from(c.yaw) / 90.0 + 0.5).floor() as i32;
+        let (fx, fz) = step(facing);
+        let (rx, rz) = (-fz, fx);
+        let offsets = [
+            (rx, rz),
+            (-rx, -rz),
+            (rx - fx, rz - fz),
+            (-rx - fx, -rz - fz),
+            (fx + rx, fz + rz),
+            (fx - rx, fz - rz),
+            (-fx, -fz),
+            (fx, fz),
+        ];
         'search: for dy in [0, 1, -1] {
-            for (dx, dz) in [
-                (1, 0),
-                (-1, 0),
-                (0, 1),
-                (0, -1),
-                (1, 1),
-                (-1, -1),
-                (1, -1),
-                (-1, 1),
-            ] {
+            for (dx, dz) in offsets {
                 let (x, y, z) = (bx + dx, by + dy, bz + dz);
                 let below = self.res.facts().get(self.world.block(x, y - 1, z));
                 let here = self.res.facts().get(self.world.block(x, y, z));
@@ -1054,6 +1068,22 @@ impl Game<'_> {
         }
         best
     }
+    /// Each cart's kind and comparator signal, for the detector rail
+    /// (`DetectorRailBlock.getAnalogOutputSignal`). A cart whose menu is open
+    /// counts the items in that menu.
+    pub(super) fn cart_signals(&self) -> Vec<(CartKind, i32)> {
+        self.carts
+            .iter()
+            .map(|c| {
+                let key = (i32::MAX - 15, CART_KEY_Y, c.id as i32);
+                let slots = match self.world.block_entities.get(&key) {
+                    Some(BlockEntity::Chest(open)) => open,
+                    _ => &c.items,
+                };
+                (c.kind, Minecart::container_signal(slots, self.res.items()))
+            })
+            .collect()
+    }
     /// `interact`: ride, open, fuel or ignite the cart under the crosshair.
     pub(super) fn interact_cart(&mut self) -> bool {
         let Some((i, d)) = self.cart_hit() else {
@@ -1071,10 +1101,8 @@ impl Game<'_> {
                 }
                 self.riding = Some(self.carts[i].id);
             }
+            // AbstractMinecartContainer.interact: no sneak check.
             CartKind::Chest | CartKind::Hopper => {
-                if sneaking {
-                    return false;
-                }
                 let c = self.carts[i].clone();
                 let key = (i32::MAX - 15, CART_KEY_Y, c.id as i32);
                 self.world

crates/horizon-client/src/game/names.rs

@@ -338,7 +338,9 @@ impl Game<'_> {
             let (r, u) = (right.as_vec3() * 0.025, up.as_vec3() * 0.025);
             // Text space: x right, y down (scale 0.025, -0.025).
             let at = |x: f32, y: f32| o + r * x - u * y;
-            let chars: Vec<(char, u32)> = text
+            // Component.getVisualOrderText.
+            let shown = horizon_client::bidi::visual(text);
+            let chars: Vec<(char, u32)> = shown
                 .spans
                 .iter()
                 .flat_map(|s| {

crates/horizon-client/src/game/packs.rs

@@ -1,14 +1,23 @@
 //! Resource pack selection bound to the game: the pack screen lists, and a
 //! full resource reload after a change, while playing.
-use super::Game;
+use super::{
+    Game, PackResources, Resources, UiResources, build_renderer, prepare_renderer_textures,
+};
 use horizon_client::{
+    assets::Assets,
+    gfx::PreparedTextures,
     hud::HudAtlas,
     lang,
     pack_screen::{self, Compat, PackInfo, Source as PackSource},
     packs::{self, Pack, Position},
+    streaming::WorkerContext,
     text::{Style, Text},
 };
-use std::path::{Path, PathBuf};
+use std::{
+    collections::BTreeSet,
+    path::{Path, PathBuf},
+    sync::Arc,
+};
 
 /// Where overlay roots are built (beside options.txt).
 pub fn cache_dir() -> PathBuf {
@@ -98,7 +107,7 @@ pub(super) fn pack_infos(vanilla: &Path) -> Vec<PackInfo> {
     infos
 }
 impl Game<'_> {
-    fn vanilla_root(&self) -> PathBuf {
+    pub(super) fn vanilla_root(&self) -> PathBuf {
         if self.ui.vanilla_root.as_os_str().is_empty() {
             self.options.resources.clone()
         } else {
@@ -138,35 +147,36 @@ impl Game<'_> {
             self.ui.options.resource_error = Some(e.to_string());
         }
     }
-    /// Reload from the selected packs and the server's.
-    pub(super) fn reload_selected_packs(&mut self) -> horizon_client::Result<()> {
+    /// The CPU half of the reload, safe on a worker (`PackReload` runs it):
+    /// `apply_staged_pack` finishes the GPU half and the swap.
+    pub(super) fn stage_selected_packs(&mut self) -> horizon_client::Result<StagedPack> {
         let vanilla = self.vanilla_root();
         if self.ui.vanilla_root.as_os_str().is_empty() {
             self.ui.vanilla_root = vanilla.clone();
         }
-        let server = &self.server_packs.active;
-        let root = startup_root(&vanilla, &self.settings.resource_packs, server)?;
-        let root =
-            super::mods::content_root(&root, &self.settings.mods.enabled, &self.options.dev_mods);
-        self.reload_resources(&root)
+        stage_pack(
+            &vanilla,
+            &self.settings.resource_packs,
+            &self.server_packs.active,
+            &self.settings.mods.enabled,
+            &self.options.dev_mods,
+            &self.pack.assets,
+            &self.res,
+            &self.pack.context,
+            self.settings.force_unicode,
+            self.settings.japanese_glyphs,
+            &super::Progress::new(),
+        )
     }
-    fn reload_resources(&mut self, root: &Path) -> horizon_client::Result<()> {
-        let render = std::sync::Arc::new(self.pack.assets.reload(root)?);
-        let mut atlas = HudAtlas::build_over(root, &self.vanilla_root())?;
-        atlas.font.uniform = self.settings.force_unicode;
-        atlas.font.japanese = self.settings.japanese_glyphs;
-        let gui = super::UiResources {
-            atlas,
-            panorama: std::sync::Arc::new(horizon_client::gfx::panorama::Faces::load(root)),
-        };
-        let pack = super::PackResources::load(
+    /// The render-thread half: the renderer on the new pack's textures, then
+    /// the swap (`ReloadInstance`'s application listeners).
+    pub(super) fn apply_staged_pack(&mut self, staged: StagedPack) -> horizon_client::Result<()> {
+        let StagedPack {
             root,
-            self.pack.assets.clone(),
-            render,
-            self.res.facts(),
-            self.pack.context.biomes.clone(),
-            self.pack.context.light.clone(),
-        )?;
+            gui,
+            pack,
+            textures,
+        } = staged;
         // Keep the working GPU resources, and hand its window surface over.
         if let Some(renderer) = &mut self.renderer {
             renderer.release_surface();
@@ -174,7 +184,17 @@ impl Game<'_> {
         let renderer = match self
             .window
             .clone()
-            .map(|window| self.renderer_for(window, &pack, &gui))
+            .map(|window| {
+                build_renderer(
+                    window,
+                    self.options.offscreen,
+                    &pack,
+                    &gui,
+                    self.renderer.as_ref(),
+                    Some(textures),
+                    self.settings.horizon.api,
+                )
+            })
             .transpose()
         {
             Ok(renderer) => renderer,
@@ -190,18 +210,18 @@ impl Game<'_> {
             }
         };
         // Everything loaded: switch over.
-        self.waypoint_styles = horizon_client::locator_bar::WaypointStyles::load(root);
-        self.armor_stand_assets.reload_trims(root);
+        self.waypoint_styles = horizon_client::locator_bar::WaypointStyles::load(&root);
+        self.armor_stand_assets.reload_trims(&root);
         self.random_tick_sections.clear();
         self.portals.sections.clear();
-        self.options.resources = root.to_path_buf();
+        self.options.resources = root.clone();
         let context = pack.context.clone();
         self.pack = pack;
         self.gui = gui;
         // The atlas's sprites moved: the particle engine re-reads every rect
         // and the packs' sprite sets, or every particle draws a stale region.
         self.particles
-            .reload(root, &self.gui.atlas.sprites, &self.gui.atlas.translucent);
+            .reload(&root, &self.gui.atlas.sprites, &self.gui.atlas.translucent);
         horizon_client::ui_theme::reset_atlas();
         // Villager hats come from the pack's texture metadata (shared data, swapped in place).
         *self
@@ -210,11 +230,11 @@ impl Game<'_> {
             .villager_hats
             .write()
             .unwrap_or_else(std::sync::PoisonError::into_inner) =
-            horizon_client::mobs::villager_hats::VillagerHats::load(root);
-        horizon_client::ui::load_metadata(root);
-        lang::set(lang::Language::load(&[&root.to_path_buf()], &lang::code()));
+            horizon_client::mobs::villager_hats::VillagerHats::load(&root);
+        horizon_client::ui::load_metadata(&root);
+        lang::set(lang::Language::load(&[&root], &lang::code()));
         self.refresh_remote_language();
-        self.audio.reload(root);
+        self.audio.reload(&root);
         self.clear_lod();
         self.streaming.reload_resources(&mut self.world, context);
         self.pending_uploads.clear();
@@ -229,4 +249,66 @@ impl Game<'_> {
         self.creative_screen.forget_items();
         Ok(())
     }
+    /// `Minecraft.reloadResourcePacks`: the reload staged on the spot, then
+    /// applied (`PackReload` runs the same two phases across frames).
+    pub(super) fn reload_selected_packs(&mut self) -> horizon_client::Result<()> {
+        let staged = self.stage_selected_packs()?;
+        self.apply_staged_pack(staged)
+    }
+}
+
+/// The CPU half of `reload_selected_packs` (`PackReload` runs it on a
+/// worker; `apply_staged_pack` does the GPU half and the swap): the overlay
+/// root, the models and sprites, the menu bundle, the pack's tables and its
+/// CPU mip chains.
+pub(super) fn stage_pack(
+    vanilla_root: &Path,
+    selected: &[String],
+    server: &[Pack],
+    mods_enabled: &BTreeSet<String>,
+    dev_mods: &[PathBuf],
+    assets: &Arc<Assets>,
+    res: &Resources,
+    context: &WorkerContext,
+    force_unicode: bool,
+    japanese: bool,
+    progress: &super::Progress,
+) -> horizon_client::Result<StagedPack> {
+    let root = startup_root(vanilla_root, selected, server)?;
+    let root = super::mods::content_root(&root, mods_enabled, dev_mods);
+    progress.set(1);
+    let render = Arc::new(assets.reload(&root)?);
+    let mut atlas = HudAtlas::build_over(&root, vanilla_root)?;
+    atlas.font.uniform = force_unicode;
+    atlas.font.japanese = japanese;
+    let gui = UiResources {
+        atlas,
+        panorama: Arc::new(horizon_client::gfx::panorama::Faces::load(&root)),
+    };
+    progress.set(2);
+    let pack = PackResources::load(
+        &root,
+        assets.clone(),
+        render,
+        res.facts(),
+        context.biomes.clone(),
+        context.light.clone(),
+    )?;
+    let textures = prepare_renderer_textures(&pack);
+    progress.set(3);
+    Ok(StagedPack {
+        root,
+        gui,
+        pack,
+        textures,
+    })
+}
+
+/// Everything a pack reload builds on the CPU (`apply_staged_pack` finishes
+/// it on the render thread).
+pub(super) struct StagedPack {
+    pub root: PathBuf,
+    pub gui: UiResources,
+    pub pack: PackResources,
+    pub textures: PreparedTextures,
 }

crates/horizon-client/src/game/persist.rs

@@ -193,12 +193,12 @@ impl Game<'_> {
                             if let Some(a) = p.arrow.as_mut() {
                                 a.last_state = in_block.and_then(|t| self.state_from_nbt(&t));
                             }
-                            self.creatures.projectiles.push(p);
+                            self.add_projectile(p);
                         }
                     }
                     "minecraft:fireball" | "minecraft:small_fireball" => {
                         if let Some(p) = entity_nbt::fireball_from_nbt(&tag, player_uuid) {
-                            self.creatures.projectiles.push(p);
+                            self.add_projectile(p);
                         }
                     }
                     "minecraft:falling_block" => {
@@ -290,14 +290,22 @@ impl Game<'_> {
                     "minecraft:ender_dragon" => {
                         let seed = self.world.random.next_long();
                         if self.dragon.is_none()
-                            && let Some(d) = super::dragon::Dragon::from_nbt(&tag, seed)
+                            && let Some(mut d) = super::dragon::Dragon::from_nbt(&tag, seed)
                         {
+                            // EnderDragon's constructor takes its id and its
+                            // parts' from the entity counter.
+                            d.id = self.next_entity + 1;
+                            self.next_entity += 9;
                             self.dragon = Some(d);
                         }
                     }
                     "minecraft:end_crystal" => {
                         let time = self.world.random.next_int_bound(100_000).unwrap_or(0);
-                        if let Some(c) = super::dragon::Crystal::from_nbt(&tag, time) {
+                        if let Some(mut c) = super::dragon::Crystal::from_nbt(&tag, time) {
+                            // EndCrystal's constructor takes an id from the
+                            // entity counter.
+                            self.next_entity += 1;
+                            c.id = self.next_entity;
                             self.crystals.push(c);
                         }
                     }
@@ -533,6 +541,14 @@ impl Game<'_> {
         self.persist.uuids.remove(&id);
         self.persist.raw.remove(&id);
     }
+    /// The compound an entity without a Horizon entity ID was loaded with
+    /// (the crystals and the dragon), found again by type and position.
+    pub(super) fn persist_anon(&self, kind: &str, p: Vec3) -> (Option<[i32; 4]>, Option<&Tag>) {
+        self.persist
+            .anon
+            .get(&anon_key(kind, p))
+            .map_or((None, None), |(_, uuid, raw)| (*uuid, Some(raw)))
+    }
     /// The compound an entity was loaded with (and commands have edited).
     pub(super) fn persist_raw(&self, id: u32) -> Option<&Tag> {
         self.persist.raw.get(&id)

crates/horizon-client/src/game/perspective.rs

@@ -218,11 +218,20 @@ impl Game<'_> {
                 _ => None,
             })
         });
-        // A living mount at the default scale and camera distance.
+        // Camera.setup: the living mount's scale and camera distance
+        // attributes (the happy ghast's is 8, the default 4).
         let mount = self
             .riding
             .and_then(|id| self.mobs.iter().find(|m| m.id == id))
-            .map(|_| (1.0, 4.0));
+            .map(|m| {
+                let attribute = |name: &str, default: f64| {
+                    m.kind.attributes.get(name).copied().unwrap_or(default)
+                };
+                (
+                    attribute("minecraft:scale", 1.0) as f32,
+                    attribute("minecraft:camera_distance", 4.0),
+                )
+            });
         // AbstractBoat.positionRider turns a passenger by the boat's
         // deltaRotation after its yRotO was saved, and LocalPlayer.getViewYRot
         // interpolates a passenger's yaw: the boat's turn is spread over the

crates/horizon-client/src/game/potions.rs

@@ -2,7 +2,12 @@
 //! `Consumable`), throwing splash/lingering potions (`ThrownSplashPotion`),
 //! filling glass bottles (`BottleItem`), the per-tick effect application,
 //! effect attribute modifiers and the HUD effect icons (`Hud.extractEffects`).
-use super::{Game, Screen, item_draw::owner_at};
+use super::{
+    Game, Screen,
+    dragon::{Breath, FightPlayer, FightWho},
+    item_draw::owner_at,
+    remote_projectiles::cloud_client_tick,
+};
 use horizon_assets::item_model::DisplayContext;
 use horizon_client::{
     block_entity_render::vertex_light,
@@ -12,9 +17,13 @@ use horizon_client::{
     hud_layout, hud_overlays, inventory_effects,
     items::ItemStack,
     mesher::Vertex,
+    particles::{ParticleOptions, ParticleType},
     text::Text,
 };
-use horizon_core::{geometry::Vec3, random::RandomSource};
+use horizon_core::{
+    geometry::{Aabb, Vec3},
+    random::RandomSource,
+};
 
 /// A thrown splash or lingering potion in flight.
 #[derive(Clone, Debug)]
@@ -31,6 +40,35 @@ pub(super) struct ThrownPotion {
     /// for a dispenser's).
     owner: Option<Text>,
 }
+/// `AreaEffectCloud` wait time set by `ThrownLingeringPotion.onHitAsPotion`.
+pub(super) const LINGERING_WAIT: i32 = 10;
+/// `AreaEffectCloud.DEFAULT_REAPPLICATION_DELAY`.
+const REAPPLICATION_DELAY: i32 = 20;
+/// An entity a cloud has affected (`AreaEffectCloud.victims`).
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, PartialEq)]
+enum Victim {
+    Mob(u32),
+    Player(FightWho),
+}
+/// What a lingering potion's `AreaEffectCloud` applies: the potion's effects
+/// (at the lingering item's 0.25 duration scale) and who it has affected.
+pub(super) struct PotionCloud {
+    effects: &'static [(&'static str, i32, i32)],
+    /// The potion's colour (`PotionContents.getColor`).
+    color: u32,
+    /// Each victim and the tick it can be affected again.
+    victims: Vec<(Victim, i32)>,
+    /// Who its instant damage names (`indirectMagic(cloud, owner)`): the
+    /// thrower, else the cloud.
+    source: Text,
+}
+impl PotionCloud {
+    /// `AreaEffectCloud.updateParticle`: an entity effect in the potion's colour.
+    pub(super) fn particle(&self) -> ParticleOptions {
+        let c = |shift: u32| (self.color >> shift & 255) as f32 / 255.0;
+        ParticleOptions::colored(ParticleType::EntityEffect, [c(16), c(8), c(0), 1.0])
+    }
+}
 /// A mob's effect ids carry the `minecraft:` namespace.
 fn mob_effect_id(id: &str) -> Option<&'static str> {
     use std::{collections::HashMap, sync::OnceLock};
@@ -48,6 +86,39 @@ fn mob_effect_id(id: &str) -> Option<&'static str> {
     .get(id)
     .copied()
 }
+/// `LivingEntity.canBeAffected` with the mob overrides (`WitherBoss` and
+/// `WitherSkeleton` shrug off wither, `Spider` and `AbstractNautilus` poison,
+/// `Parched` weakness): the immune-to-infested and immune-to-oozing tags
+/// decide first, then the tag of mobs that ignore poison and regeneration.
+fn mob_can_be_affected(
+    tags: &std::collections::HashMap<String, std::collections::HashSet<String>>,
+    kind: &str,
+    effect: &str,
+) -> bool {
+    let effect = effect.trim_start_matches("minecraft:");
+    let kind = kind.trim_start_matches("minecraft:");
+    let overridden = match kind {
+        "wither" | "wither_skeleton" => effect == "wither",
+        "spider" | "cave_spider" | "nautilus" | "zombie_nautilus" => effect == "poison",
+        "parched" => effect == "weakness",
+        _ => false,
+    };
+    if overridden {
+        return false;
+    }
+    let in_tag = |tag: &str| {
+        tags.get(tag)
+            .is_some_and(|t| t.contains(&format!("minecraft:{kind}")))
+    };
+    if in_tag("minecraft:immune_to_infested") {
+        effect != "infested"
+    } else if in_tag("minecraft:immune_to_oozing") {
+        effect != "oozing"
+    } else {
+        !in_tag("minecraft:ignores_poison_and_regen")
+            || (effect != "regeneration" && effect != "poison")
+    }
+}
 impl Game<'_> {
     /// A splash potion, lingering potion or experience bottle in flight (the
     /// player's throws and dispensers both end up here).
@@ -391,6 +462,7 @@ impl Game<'_> {
         self.tick_mob_effects();
         if running {
             self.tick_thrown_potions();
+            self.tick_potion_clouds();
         }
     }
     /// `LivingEntity.tickEffects` (server side) for `self.player`, the local
@@ -406,8 +478,10 @@ impl Game<'_> {
         }
         // The omens act from inside the effect tick (BadOmenMobEffect,
         // RaidOmenMobEffect).
+        let absorption_empty = player.health.absorption() <= 0.0;
         let mut effects = std::mem::take(&mut self.potions.effects);
-        let (actions, raid_omen_added) = effects.tick_with(&mut |e| self.omen_tick(e));
+        let (actions, raid_omen_added) =
+            effects.tick_with(&mut |e| self.omen_tick(e), absorption_empty);
         self.potions.effects = effects;
         if raid_omen_added {
             self.raid_omen_added();
@@ -548,29 +622,176 @@ impl Game<'_> {
                 let state =
                     self.world
                         .block(p.x.floor() as i32, p.y.floor() as i32, p.z.floor() as i32);
-                if self.res.facts().get(state).full_collision
-                    || self.mobs.iter().any(|m| {
-                        m.alive()
-                            && (m.position.x - p.x).abs() < m.kind.width / 2.0 + 0.125
-                            && (m.position.z - p.z).abs() < m.kind.width / 2.0 + 0.125
-                            && p.y >= m.position.y
-                            && p.y <= m.position.y + m.kind.height
-                    })
-                {
-                    hit = Some(p);
+                let mob = self.mobs.iter().find(|m| {
+                    m.alive()
+                        && (m.position.x - p.x).abs() < m.kind.width / 2.0 + 0.125
+                        && (m.position.z - p.z).abs() < m.kind.width / 2.0 + 0.125
+                        && p.y >= m.position.y
+                        && p.y <= m.position.y + m.kind.height
+                });
+                if self.res.facts().get(state).full_collision || mob.is_some() {
+                    hit = Some((p, mob.map(|m| m.position)));
                     break;
                 }
             }
-            if let Some(p) = hit {
-                landed.push((t.stack.clone(), p, t.owner.clone()));
+            if let Some((p, mob)) = hit {
+                landed.push((t.stack.clone(), p, mob, t.owner.clone()));
                 return false;
             }
             t.position = next;
             t.age < 1200 && t.position.y > -128.0
         });
         self.potions.thrown = thrown;
-        for (stack, at, owner) in landed {
-            self.splash(&stack, at, owner);
+        for (stack, at, mob, owner) in landed {
+            self.splash(&stack, at, mob, owner);
+        }
+    }
+    /// `AreaEffectCloud.tick` for the lingering potions' clouds: the client
+    /// tick's particles, then the server tick.
+    fn tick_potion_clouds(&mut self) {
+        if self.breath_clouds.iter().all(|c| c.potion.is_none()) {
+            return;
+        }
+        let players: Vec<FightPlayer> = self
+            .fight_players()
+            .into_iter()
+            .filter(|p| p.alive)
+            .collect();
+        let mut clouds = std::mem::take(&mut self.breath_clouds);
+        clouds.retain_mut(|c| c.potion.is_none() || self.tick_potion_cloud(c, &players));
+        self.breath_clouds.append(&mut clouds);
+    }
+    /// `AreaEffectCloud.serverTick` for a lingering potion's cloud: after its
+    /// wait it shrinks, and every 5 ticks it affects the living entities in
+    /// its box and radius that were not affected in the last 20 ticks, each
+    /// taking some of its radius. False once it is gone.
+    fn tick_potion_cloud(&mut self, c: &mut Breath, players: &[FightPlayer]) -> bool {
+        c.age += 1;
+        let Some(potion) = c.potion.as_mut() else {
+            return true;
+        };
+        if c.age - LINGERING_WAIT >= c.duration {
+            return false;
+        }
+        let waiting = c.age < LINGERING_WAIT;
+        cloud_client_tick(
+            &mut self.particles,
+            c.at,
+            c.radius,
+            waiting,
+            &potion.particle(),
+        );
+        if waiting {
+            return true;
+        }
+        // setRadiusPerTick(-radius / duration).
+        c.radius += -3.0 / 600.0;
+        if c.radius < 0.5 {
+            return false;
+        }
+        if c.age % 5 != 0 {
+            return true;
+        }
+        potion.victims.retain(|(_, until)| c.age < *until);
+        let r = f64::from(c.radius);
+        let area = Aabb::new(
+            Vec3::new(c.at[0] - r, c.at[1], c.at[2] - r),
+            Vec3::new(c.at[0] + r, c.at[1] + 0.5, c.at[2] + r),
+        );
+        let mut inside = Vec::new();
+        for p in players.iter().filter(|p| p.bounds.intersects(area)) {
+            inside.push((Victim::Player(p.who), p.position.x, p.position.z));
+        }
+        let effects = potion.effects;
+        let tags = &self.res.stations().enchantments.entity_tags;
+        // Only mobs that at least one of the cloud's effects can affect are
+        // taken (`allEffects.stream().anyMatch(entity::canBeAffected)`), so
+        // the others neither become victims nor use up its radius.
+        for m in self.mobs.iter().filter(|m| {
+            m.alive()
+                && m.bounds().intersects(area)
+                && effects
+                    .iter()
+                    .any(|(id, ..)| mob_can_be_affected(tags, &m.kind.id, id))
+        }) {
+            inside.push((Victim::Mob(m.id), m.position.x, m.position.z));
+        }
+        for (victim, x, z) in inside {
+            let (dx, dz) = (x - c.at[0], z - c.at[2]);
+            if potion.victims.iter().any(|(v, _)| *v == victim)
+                || dx * dx + dz * dz > f64::from(c.radius * c.radius)
+            {
+                continue;
+            }
+            potion.victims.push((victim, c.age + REAPPLICATION_DELAY));
+            self.cloud_affect(victim, effects, c.at, &potion.source);
+            // setRadiusOnUse(-0.5).
+            c.radius -= 0.5;
+            if c.radius < 0.5 {
+                return false;
+            }
+        }
+        true
+    }
+    /// What a cloud puts on one entity: instant effects at half strength
+    /// (`applyInstantaneousEffect` with 0.5), the others for their duration
+    /// at the lingering item's 0.25 scale (`PotionContents.forEachEffect`).
+    fn cloud_affect(
+        &mut self,
+        victim: Victim,
+        effects: &'static [(&'static str, i32, i32)],
+        at: [f64; 3],
+        source: &Text,
+    ) {
+        let scaled = |duration: i32| ((f64::from(duration) * 0.25) as i32).max(1);
+        match victim {
+            Victim::Player(who) => self.as_fight_player(who, |g| {
+                for (id, duration, amp) in effects {
+                    let Some(e) = brewing::effect(id) else {
+                        continue;
+                    };
+                    if e.instant {
+                        if let Some(a) = horizon_client::effects::instant(id, *amp, 0.5) {
+                            g.apply_indirect_effect_action(a, source);
+                        }
+                    } else {
+                        g.add_player_effect(EffectInstance::new(e.id, scaled(*duration), *amp));
+                    }
+                }
+            }),
+            Victim::Mob(mob) => {
+                let Some(i) = self.mobs.iter().position(|m| m.id == mob) else {
+                    return;
+                };
+                // Undead invert healing and harming.
+                let tags = &self.res.stations().enchantments.entity_tags;
+                let inverted = tags
+                    .get("minecraft:inverted_healing_and_harm")
+                    .is_some_and(|t| t.contains(&self.mobs[i].kind.id));
+                for (id, duration, amp) in effects {
+                    let m = &mut self.mobs[i];
+                    match *id {
+                        "instant_damage" | "instant_health" => {
+                            let amount =
+                                |base: i32| (0.5 * f64::from(base << amp) + 0.5) as i32 as f32;
+                            if (*id == "instant_damage") != inverted {
+                                m.hurt(amount(6), Some(at), &mut self.world.random);
+                            } else {
+                                m.health = (m.health + amount(4)).min(m.kind.max_health);
+                            }
+                        }
+                        _ => {
+                            // `LivingEntity.addEffect` refuses what the mob
+                            // cannot be affected by.
+                            if mob_can_be_affected(tags, &m.kind.id, id)
+                                && let Some(name) = mob_effect_id(id)
+                            {
+                                m.add_effect(name, scaled(*duration), *amp);
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
         }
     }
     /// `ThrowableProjectile.tick`'s `applyGravity` and `applyInertia`, which
@@ -672,12 +893,23 @@ impl Game<'_> {
             self.submit_item_world(&state, pose, vertex_light(light), out);
         }
     }
+    /// `HealOrHarmMobEffect.applyInstantaneousEffect` with a source (a
+    /// potion or a cloud): indirectMagic, not plain magic.
+    fn apply_indirect_effect_action(&mut self, a: EffectAction, source: &Text) {
+        let a = match a {
+            EffectAction::Hurt("minecraft:magic", amount) => {
+                self.note_direct_entity("minecraft:indirect_magic", source.clone());
+                EffectAction::Hurt("minecraft:indirect_magic", amount)
+            }
+            a => a,
+        };
+        self.apply_effect_action(a);
+    }
     /// A splash potion's effects on the player in place, by their distance.
     fn splash_on_player(
         &mut self,
         effects: &'static [(&'static str, i32, i32)],
         at: Vec3,
-        scale: f64,
         source: &Text,
     ) {
         if let Some(p) = self.player.as_ref() {
@@ -694,22 +926,10 @@ impl Game<'_> {
                     let instant = brewing::effect(id).is_some_and(|e| e.instant);
                     if instant {
                         if let Some(a) = horizon_client::effects::instant(id, *amp, intensity) {
-                            // HealOrHarmMobEffect.applyInstantaneousEffect with
-                            // a source: indirectMagic, not plain magic.
-                            let a = match a {
-                                EffectAction::Hurt("minecraft:magic", amount) => {
-                                    self.note_direct_entity(
-                                        "minecraft:indirect_magic",
-                                        source.clone(),
-                                    );
-                                    EffectAction::Hurt("minecraft:indirect_magic", amount)
-                                }
-                                a => a,
-                            };
-                            self.apply_effect_action(a);
+                            self.apply_indirect_effect_action(a, source);
                         }
                     } else {
-                        let d = (intensity * f64::from(*duration) * scale + 0.5) as i32;
+                        let d = (intensity * f64::from(*duration) + 0.5) as i32;
                         if d > 20
                             && let Some(e) = brewing::effect(id)
                         {
@@ -720,8 +940,9 @@ impl Game<'_> {
             }
         }
     }
-    /// `ThrownSplashPotion.onHitAsPotion` (lingering clouds apply as a weaker splash).
-    fn splash(&mut self, stack: &ItemStack, at: Vec3, owner: Option<Text>) {
+    /// `ThrownSplashPotion.onHitAsPotion`, or `ThrownLingeringPotion.onHitAsPotion`
+    /// for a lingering potion; `mob` is where it hit a mob.
+    fn splash(&mut self, stack: &ItemStack, at: Vec3, mob: Option<Vec3>, owner: Option<Text>) {
         let block = [at.x, at.y, at.z].map(|v| v.floor() as i32);
         if &*stack.item == "minecraft:experience_bottle" {
             // ThrownExperienceBottle.onHit: the water-coloured splash (level
@@ -745,23 +966,41 @@ impl Game<'_> {
         let color = brewing::potion_color(stack.potion());
         self.level_event_at(if instant { 2007 } else { 2002 }, block, color as i32);
         self.level_event_at(if instant { 1054 } else { 1053 }, block, 0);
-        let scale = if lingering { 0.25 } else { 1.0 };
         let Some(def) = potion else {
             return;
         };
+        if lingering {
+            // The cloud sits at the mob it hit (its feet), else the impact;
+            // radius 3, wait 10, 600 ticks, shrinking to nothing, and a
+            // potion with no effects leaves none.
+            if !def.effects.is_empty() {
+                let at = mob.unwrap_or(at);
+                self.breath_clouds.push(Breath {
+                    id: 0,
+                    at: [at.x, at.y, at.z],
+                    radius: 3.0,
+                    age: 0,
+                    duration: 600,
+                    from_dragon: false,
+                    potion: Some(PotionCloud {
+                        effects: def.effects,
+                        color,
+                        victims: Vec::new(),
+                        source: owner.unwrap_or_else(|| {
+                            Text::translate("entity.minecraft.area_effect_cloud", &[])
+                        }),
+                    }),
+                });
+            }
+            return;
+        }
         // Every player in range (`ThrownSplashPotion.applySplash` over
         // `LivingEntity`s, the players among them).
-        // Instant damage is indirectMagic(potion or cloud, owner), which the
-        // death message names by the owner, else by the potion or cloud.
-        let source = owner.unwrap_or_else(|| {
-            let entity = if lingering {
-                "entity.minecraft.area_effect_cloud"
-            } else {
-                "entity.minecraft.splash_potion"
-            };
-            Text::translate(entity, &[])
-        });
-        self.for_each_player(|g| g.splash_on_player(def.effects, at, scale, &source));
+        // Instant damage is indirectMagic(potion, owner), which the death
+        // message names by the owner, else by the potion.
+        let source =
+            owner.unwrap_or_else(|| Text::translate("entity.minecraft.splash_potion", &[]));
+        self.for_each_player(|g| g.splash_on_player(def.effects, at, &source));
         // Mobs take the instant effects (undead invert healing and harming).
         let undead = &self.res.stations().enchantments.entity_tags;
         let mut hits = Vec::new();
@@ -784,7 +1023,7 @@ impl Game<'_> {
                     _ => {
                         // `Potion.applySplash`: timed effects last in
                         // proportion to how close the mob was.
-                        let d = (intensity * f64::from(*duration) * scale + 0.5) as i32;
+                        let d = (intensity * f64::from(*duration) + 0.5) as i32;
                         if d > 20
                             && let Some(name) = mob_effect_id(id)
                         {

crates/horizon-client/src/game/powder_snow.rs

@@ -53,7 +53,11 @@ impl Game<'_> {
         if let Some(player) = self.player.as_mut() {
             player.fire_ticks = 0;
         }
-        // Entity.playEntityOnFireExtinguishedSound
+        self.extinguish_sound(at);
+        Ok(())
+    }
+    /// Entity.playEntityOnFireExtinguishedSound
+    fn extinguish_sound(&mut self, at: [f64; 3]) {
         let r = self.particles.random();
         let pitch = 1.6 + (r.next_float() - r.next_float()) * 0.4;
         self.audio.play(
@@ -62,7 +66,29 @@ impl Game<'_> {
             0.7,
             pitch,
         );
-        Ok(())
+    }
+    /// `Entity.applyEffectsFromBlocks`: a burning player in the rain
+    /// (`isInRain`) has the fire put out (`clearFire`), with the extinguish
+    /// sound that everyone near hears.
+    pub(super) fn rain_extinguish_player(&mut self) {
+        let Some(player) = self.player.as_ref() else {
+            return;
+        };
+        let (at, top) = (player.position, player.bounds().max_position().y);
+        if player.fire_ticks <= 0 || !self.in_rain(at, top) {
+            return;
+        }
+        if let Some(player) = self.player.as_mut() {
+            player.fire_ticks = 0;
+        }
+        self.extinguish_sound([at.x, at.y, at.z]);
+    }
+    /// The in-window player's rain extinguish (a server's player has its
+    /// fire put out by the server).
+    pub(super) fn rain_extinguish_in_frame(&mut self) {
+        if self.remote.is_none() {
+            self.rain_extinguish_player();
+        }
     }
     /// Whether the block at `pos` is powder snow.
     pub(super) fn is_powder_snow(&self, pos: [i32; 3]) -> bool {

crates/horizon-client/src/game/raids.rs

@@ -1036,6 +1036,7 @@ impl Game<'_> {
     /// read it).
     fn sync_villager_raids(&mut self, infos: &HashMap<i32, Vec<RaiderInfo>>) {
         let raids = &self.raiding.raids;
+        let mut ongoing = Vec::new();
         for m in &mut self.mobs {
             if m.species() != Species::Villager {
                 continue;
@@ -1061,7 +1062,27 @@ impl Game<'_> {
             let ext = mobs_villager::ext_mut(m);
             ext.raid = status;
             ext.raid_wave = wave;
+            if !m.no_ai && matches!(status, mobs_villager::PRE_RAID | mobs_villager::RAID) {
+                ongoing.push(m.id);
+            }
         }
+        // Villager.customServerAiStep: a 1 in 100 chance each tick, in an
+        // ongoing raid, of entity event 42 (`handleEntityEvent` splashes).
+        for id in ongoing {
+            if self.particles.random().next_int_bound(100) == Ok(0) {
+                self.mob_raid_splash(id);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    /// Entity event 42 for villager `id`: the guests get the byte, and this
+    /// game draws `AbstractVillager.addParticlesAroundSelf(SPLASH)` itself.
+    fn mob_raid_splash(&mut self, id: u32) {
+        let Some(m) = self.mobs.iter().find(|m| m.id == id) else {
+            return;
+        };
+        let at = [m.position.x, m.position.y, m.position.z];
+        self.lan_entity_event(id as i32, 42, at);
+        self.particles_around_mob(id, "splash", horizon_client::particles::Burst::VILLAGER);
     }
 
     /// The raid bar a living player at `at` is in (`Raid.getPlayers`): red,

crates/horizon-client/src/game/remote.rs

@@ -1954,6 +1954,22 @@ impl Game<'_> {
                         }
                     }
                 }
+                if let Some(m) = self.mobs.iter_mut().find(|m| m.id == p.id as u32) {
+                    for (index, _, value) in &p.values {
+                        match (index, value) {
+                            // Entity.DATA_TICKS_FROZEN: isFullyFrozen shakes it.
+                            (7, Value::Int(ticks)) => m.ticks_frozen = *ticks,
+                            // Strider.DATA_SUFFOCATING (after AgeableMob's two
+                            // and DATA_BOOST_TIME): a cold strider shakes.
+                            (19, Value::Bool(cold))
+                                if m.species() == horizon_client::mobs::Species::Strider =>
+                            {
+                                m.extra.flag = *cold;
+                            }
+                            _ => {}
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
                 // LivingEntity.DATA_LIVING_ENTITY_FLAGS: for another player
                 // too, remote_mob_data's apply reads index 8 above.
                 let mannequin = self
@@ -2052,13 +2068,22 @@ impl Game<'_> {
             // player holds and wears (EquipmentSlot ordinals).
             C::SetEquipment(p) => {
                 self.remote_object_equipment(p.id, &p.slots);
-                let items: Vec<(u8, Option<Arc<str>>)> = p
+                let items: Vec<(u8, Option<Arc<str>>, Option<ItemStack>)> = p
                     .slots
                     .iter()
-                    .map(|(slot, stack)| (*slot, stack.as_ref().map(|s| self.item_name(s.item))))
+                    .map(|(slot, stack)| {
+                        (
+                            *slot,
+                            stack.as_ref().map(|s| self.item_name(s.item)),
+                            self.to_stack(stack),
+                        )
+                    })
                     .collect();
                 if let Some(m) = self.mobs.iter_mut().find(|m| m.id == p.id as u32) {
-                    for (slot, item) in items {
+                    // The body slot (6: horse armour, llama carpet, harness)
+                    // is kept in `head`, as Horizon's own mobs do.
+                    let body = horizon_client::mobs::drops::head_is_body(m.species());
+                    for (slot, item, stack) in items {
                         let e = &mut m.extra;
                         match slot {
                             0 => e.main_hand = item,
@@ -2066,7 +2091,9 @@ impl Game<'_> {
                             2 => e.feet = item,
                             3 => e.legs = item,
                             4 => e.chest = item,
-                            5 => e.head = item,
+                            5 if !body => e.head = item,
+                            6 if body => e.head = item,
+                            7 => m.set_saddle(stack),
                             _ => {}
                         }
                     }
@@ -2185,6 +2212,9 @@ impl Game<'_> {
                 if p.event == super::totem::TOTEM_EVENT {
                     self.remote_totem(p.id);
                 }
+                if p.event == super::combat::DROWN_EVENT {
+                    self.remote_drown(p.id);
+                }
                 // Entity event 53: the honey slide particles of a player
                 // sliding down a honey block (HoneyBlock.showSlideParticles).
                 if p.event == 53 {
@@ -3384,13 +3414,12 @@ impl Game<'_> {
         let events = std::mem::take(&mut player.events);
         self.previous_eye = self.eye;
         self.eye += (player.dimensions.eye_height - self.eye) * 0.5;
-        let crouching = player.pose == horizon_client::pose::Pose::Crouching;
         let feet = [player.position.x, player.position.y, player.position.z];
         for event in events {
             match event {
                 horizon_client::motion::MotionEvent::Emission {
                     state, in_water, ..
-                } if !crouching => {
+                } => {
                     let sounds = self.res.facts().get(state).sounds.clone();
                     // Player.playStepSound: muffled under the swim sound in water.
                     let (volume, pitch) = if in_water {
@@ -3404,6 +3433,14 @@ impl Game<'_> {
                     self.audio
                         .play("minecraft:entity.player.swim", Some(feet), volume, pitch);
                 }
+                horizon_client::motion::MotionEvent::Chime { volume, pitch } => {
+                    self.audio.play(
+                        "minecraft:block.amethyst_block.chime",
+                        Some(feet),
+                        volume,
+                        pitch,
+                    );
+                }
                 // NetherPortalBlock.entityInside on the client's own level:
                 // the portal overlay and its trigger sound (the server moves
                 // the player).
@@ -3578,11 +3615,15 @@ impl Game<'_> {
         let head_lerps = &mut r.head_lerps;
         let players = &r.level_players;
         let mut using = Vec::new();
+        let mut wither_heads = Vec::new();
         for m in &mut self.mobs {
             let player = players.contains_key(&(m.id as i32));
             if !running && !player {
                 continue;
             }
+            if m.species() == horizon_client::mobs::Species::Wither {
+                wither_heads.extend((0..3).map(|i| horizon_client::mobs::wither::head_pos(m, i)));
+            }
             m.previous = m.position;
             m.previous_yaw = m.yaw;
             m.previous_body_yaw = m.body_yaw;
@@ -3655,7 +3696,7 @@ impl Game<'_> {
                         m.extra.main_hand.clone()
                     };
                     if let Some(item) = item {
-                        let eye = if m.extra.crouching { 1.27 } else { 1.62 };
+                        let eye = m.eye_height();
                         let at = [m.position.x, m.position.y, m.position.z];
                         using.push((
                             item,
@@ -3713,10 +3754,24 @@ impl Game<'_> {
             d.tick(world, facts, collision, false, &self.res.motion().fluids);
         }
         head_lerps.retain(|_, (_, steps)| *steps > 0);
+        // WitherBoss.aiStep runs on a client too: smoke around each head.
+        let smoke = horizon_client::particles::ParticleOptions::simple(
+            horizon_client::particles::ParticleType::Smoke,
+        );
+        for h in wither_heads {
+            let r = self.particles.random();
+            let at = [
+                h[0] + r.next_gaussian() * 0.3,
+                h[1] + r.next_gaussian() * 0.3,
+                h[2] + r.next_gaussian() * 0.3,
+            ];
+            self.particles.add(&smoke, at, [0.0; 3]);
+        }
         for (item, ticks, at, eye, pitch, yaw) in using {
             self.remote_player_eating(&item, ticks, at, eye, pitch, yaw);
         }
         if running {
+            self.guardian_bubbles();
             // The dragon: LivingEntity's interpolation, inside its aiStep.
             let dragon_lerp = self
                 .dragon
@@ -4153,6 +4208,7 @@ impl Game<'_> {
             }
             if reacts {
                 self.predict_use(&changes, seq);
+                self.open_command_block_if_editable((hit.pos[0], hit.pos[1], hit.pos[2]));
             } else if let Some(stack) = held.as_ref()
                 && self.predict_item_on_block(stack, &hit)
             {

crates/horizon-client/src/game/remote_mob_data.rs

@@ -17,6 +17,12 @@ fn apply(m: &mut Mob, values: &[(u8, i32, Value)], builtin: &Builtin, local_enti
     let baby = super::lan::baby_index(&m.kind.id);
     for (index, _, value) in values {
         match (*index, value) {
+            // Entity.DATA_POSE: a player's or mannequin's box follows it.
+            (6, Value::Id(pose))
+                if matches!(&*m.kind.id, "minecraft:player" | "minecraft:mannequin") =>
+            {
+                m.extra.avatar_pose = horizon_client::pose::Pose::from_id(*pose);
+            }
             // Entity.DATA_SHARED_FLAGS_ID's FLAG_ONFIRE: Entity.isOnFire on a
             // client, which draws the flames. A client doesn't count the
             // fire down: the flag goes off when the server's fire is out.

crates/horizon-client/src/game/remote_mob_use.rs

@@ -66,8 +66,11 @@ impl Game<'_> {
             | Species::Salmon
             | Species::TropicalFish
             | Species::Pufferfish
-            | Species::Axolotl
-            | Species::Tadpole => item == "minecraft:water_bucket",
+            | Species::Axolotl => item == "minecraft:water_bucket",
+            // Tadpole.mobInteract: frog food, else the bucket.
+            Species::Tadpole => {
+                item == "minecraft:water_bucket" || m.kind.food.iter().any(|f| f.as_str() == item)
+            }
             Species::Armadillo => item == "minecraft:brush",
             // ZombieVillager.mobInteract: CONSUME for a golden apple.
             Species::ZombieVillager => item == "minecraft:golden_apple",

crates/horizon-client/src/game/remote_projectiles.rs

@@ -23,6 +23,58 @@ fn default_cloud_particle() -> ParticleOptions {
     ParticleOptions::colored(ParticleType::EntityEffect, [1.0; 4])
 }
 
+/// `AreaEffectCloud.clientTick`: while waiting, now and then two particles
+/// near the middle; then about one per square block of the disc, drifting
+/// (an entity effect stays still).
+pub(super) fn cloud_client_tick(
+    particles: &mut horizon_client::particles::ParticleEngine,
+    at: [f64; 3],
+    radius: f32,
+    waiting: bool,
+    particle: &ParticleOptions,
+) {
+    if waiting && particles.random().next_boolean() {
+        return;
+    }
+    let (count, spread) = if waiting {
+        (2, 0.2)
+    } else {
+        (
+            (std::f32::consts::PI * radius * radius).ceil() as i32,
+            radius,
+        )
+    };
+    for _ in 0..count {
+        let r = particles.random();
+        let angle = r.next_float() * std::f32::consts::TAU;
+        let distance = r.next_float().sqrt() * spread;
+        let at = [
+            at[0] + f64::from(angle.cos() * distance),
+            at[1],
+            at[2] + f64::from(angle.sin() * distance),
+        ];
+        let (options, velocity) = if particle.ty == ParticleType::EntityEffect {
+            let default = waiting && r.next_boolean();
+            let options = if default {
+                default_cloud_particle()
+            } else {
+                particle.clone()
+            };
+            (options, [0.0; 3])
+        } else if waiting {
+            (particle.clone(), [0.0; 3])
+        } else {
+            let v = [
+                (0.5 - r.next_double()) * 0.15,
+                f64::from(0.01f32),
+                (0.5 - r.next_double()) * 0.15,
+            ];
+            (particle.clone(), v)
+        };
+        particles.add(&options, at, velocity);
+    }
+}
+
 /// The projectile a type id names, as Horizon models it.
 fn projectile_kind(kind: &str) -> Option<ProjectileKind> {
     Some(match kind {
@@ -77,8 +129,36 @@ fn remote_arrow_tick(p: &mut Projectile, w: &impl ProjectileWorld) {
     }
     p.velocity.y -= 0.05;
 }
+/// A server's client ticks a projectile itself: it flies on between the
+/// tracker's updates (10 to 20 ticks apart) with its own gravity and drag,
+/// and a block stops it there; only the server decides what it hits.
+pub(super) fn remote_projectile_tick(p: &mut Projectile, w: &impl ProjectileWorld) {
+    if !matches!(p.tick(w).1, Hit::None) {
+        p.velocity = Vec3::ZERO;
+    }
+}
+
+/// `AbstractHurtingProjectile.getTrailParticle`: smoke for every one of them
+/// but the wind charges (no trail) and the dragon's fireball (its own).
+pub(super) fn has_smoke_trail(kind: &ProjectileKind) -> bool {
+    matches!(
+        kind,
+        ProjectileKind::SmallFireball
+            | ProjectileKind::LargeFireball { .. }
+            | ProjectileKind::WitherSkull { .. }
+    )
+}
 
 impl Game<'_> {
+    /// `AbstractHurtingProjectile.createParticleTrail`: one smoke puff half a
+    /// block above each position.
+    pub(super) fn smoke_trails(&mut self, at: impl IntoIterator<Item = Vec3>) {
+        let smoke = ParticleOptions::simple(ParticleType::Smoke);
+        for p in at {
+            self.particles.add(&smoke, [p.x, p.y + 0.5, p.z], [0.0; 3]);
+        }
+    }
+
     /// `handleAddEntity` for these types; false when `kind` isn't one.
     pub(super) fn spawn_remote_projectile(
         &mut self,
@@ -171,7 +251,7 @@ impl Game<'_> {
                 p.velocity = velocity;
                 p.yaw = yaw;
                 p.pitch = pitch;
-                self.creatures.projectiles.push(p);
+                self.add_projectile(p);
             }
         }
         true
@@ -347,15 +427,19 @@ impl Game<'_> {
                         p.age += 1;
                         p.position = p.position.add_vector(p.velocity);
                     }
-                    _ => {
-                        if !matches!(p.tick(&world).1, Hit::None) {
-                            p.velocity = Vec3::ZERO;
-                        }
-                    }
+                    _ => remote_projectile_tick(p, &world),
                 }
             }
         }
         self.creatures.projectiles = projectiles;
+        let trails: Vec<Vec3> = self
+            .creatures
+            .projectiles
+            .iter()
+            .filter(|p| has_smoke_trail(&p.kind))
+            .map(|p| p.position)
+            .collect();
+        self.smoke_trails(trails);
         for t in &mut self.tridents {
             let id = t.id;
             t.remote_step(|at| step(id, at));
@@ -414,52 +498,10 @@ impl Game<'_> {
         }
     }
 
-    /// `AreaEffectCloud.clientTick`: while waiting, now and then two
-    /// particles near the middle; then about one per square block of the
-    /// disc, drifting (an entity effect stays still).
+    /// `AreaEffectCloud.clientTick` for each cloud a server tracks.
     fn tick_remote_clouds(&mut self) {
         for c in &self.potions.clouds {
-            let r = self.particles.random();
-            if c.waiting && r.next_boolean() {
-                continue;
-            }
-            let (count, spread) = if c.waiting {
-                (2, 0.2)
-            } else {
-                (
-                    (std::f32::consts::PI * c.radius * c.radius).ceil() as i32,
-                    c.radius,
-                )
-            };
-            for _ in 0..count {
-                let r = self.particles.random();
-                let angle = r.next_float() * std::f32::consts::TAU;
-                let distance = r.next_float().sqrt() * spread;
-                let at = [
-                    c.at[0] + f64::from(angle.cos() * distance),
-                    c.at[1],
-                    c.at[2] + f64::from(angle.sin() * distance),
-                ];
-                let (options, velocity) = if c.particle.ty == ParticleType::EntityEffect {
-                    let default = c.waiting && r.next_boolean();
-                    let options = if default {
-                        default_cloud_particle()
-                    } else {
-                        c.particle.clone()
-                    };
-                    (options, [0.0; 3])
-                } else if c.waiting {
-                    (c.particle.clone(), [0.0; 3])
-                } else {
-                    let v = [
-                        (0.5 - r.next_double()) * 0.15,
-                        f64::from(0.01f32),
-                        (0.5 - r.next_double()) * 0.15,
-                    ];
-                    (c.particle.clone(), v)
-                };
-                self.particles.add(&options, at, velocity);
-            }
+            cloud_client_tick(&mut self.particles, c.at, c.radius, c.waiting, &c.particle);
         }
     }
 
@@ -533,3 +575,68 @@ impl Game<'_> {
         out
     }
 }
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+    use horizon_client::mobs::Who;
+    use horizon_core::geometry::Aabb;
+
+    /// A world with nothing in it: the client tick of a projectile only
+    /// needs the blocks around it.
+    struct Empty;
+    impl ProjectileWorld for Empty {
+        fn clip(&self, _: Vec3, _: Vec3) -> Option<(Vec3, [i32; 3], [i32; 3])> {
+            None
+        }
+        fn in_water(&self, _: Vec3) -> bool {
+            false
+        }
+        fn targets(&self) -> &[(Who, Aabb)] {
+            &[]
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// A thrown item, as a server's client tracks it: the spawn position and
+    /// the motion the server gave it.
+    fn thrown(kind: ProjectileKind) -> Projectile {
+        let mut p = Projectile::new(kind, Vec3::new(0.0, 100.0, 0.0), None);
+        p.velocity = Vec3::new(1.5, 0.0, 0.0);
+        p
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn a_thrown_item_flies_on_between_the_server_updates() {
+        // A thrown egg, an ender pearl and a wind charge (#1762): the server
+        // sends their position every 10 ticks, and the client ticks them
+        // itself in between, as vanilla's no-op interpolation handler does.
+        for kind in [
+            ProjectileKind::Egg,
+            ProjectileKind::EnderPearl,
+            ProjectileKind::WindCharge,
+        ] {
+            let mut p = thrown(kind);
+            remote_projectile_tick(&mut p, &Empty);
+            assert!(p.position.x > 1.0, "the projectile did not fly on: {p:?}");
+            // A second tick moves it further: it keeps flying, not a hop.
+            let first = p.position.x;
+            remote_projectile_tick(&mut p, &Empty);
+            assert!(p.position.x > first, "the projectile stopped: {p:?}");
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn a_thrown_item_falls_and_drags_like_a_throwable_projectile() {
+        // ThrowableProjectile.tick: gravity 0.03, then the air drag 0.99.
+        let mut p = thrown(ProjectileKind::Egg);
+        remote_projectile_tick(&mut p, &Empty);
+        assert!((p.velocity.x - 1.5 * 0.99).abs() < 1e-9, "{p:?}");
+        assert!((p.velocity.y - (-0.03 * 0.99)).abs() < 1e-9, "{p:?}");
+        // A wind charge keeps its speed: no gravity and no drag
+        // (AbstractWindCharge: acceleration 0, inertia 1).
+        let mut p = thrown(ProjectileKind::WindCharge);
+        remote_projectile_tick(&mut p, &Empty);
+        assert!((p.velocity.x - 1.5).abs() < 1e-9, "{p:?}");
+        assert!((p.velocity.y - 0.0).abs() < 1e-9, "{p:?}");
+    }
+}

crates/horizon-client/src/game/render_tick.rs

@@ -288,10 +288,11 @@ impl Game<'_> {
                 e[2].floor() as i32,
             ];
             animate_tick(self.res.animate(), &mut self.particles, &ctx, block);
-            if rain > 0.0 {
-                // ClientLevel.tickWeatherEffects: rain splashes (weather radius 10).
+            // The Horizon Weather option off means no rain visuals at all.
+            if rain > 0.0 && self.settings.horizon.weather {
+                // ClientLevel.tickWeatherEffects: rain splashes within the weather radius.
                 let mut random = LegacyRandom::new(self.world.game_time.wrapping_mul(312_987_231));
-                let radius = 10;
+                let radius = self.settings.weather_radius;
                 let diameter = 2 * radius + 1;
                 let count = (0.225 * (diameter * diameter) as f32 * rain * rain) as i32;
                 for _ in 0..count {

crates/horizon-client/src/game/scoreboard.rs

@@ -139,8 +139,10 @@ impl Game<'_> {
             | Target::Painting(id)
             | Target::Boat(id)
             | Target::Cart(id)
+            | Target::Crystal(id)
+            | Target::Dragon(id)
             | Target::Other(id) => Some(uuid_text(self.uuid_for(id))),
-            // Orbs and projectiles are addressed by index and have no UUID here.
+            // Orbs and projectiles have no UUID here.
             Target::Orb(_) | Target::Projectile(_) => None,
         }
     }
@@ -188,7 +190,11 @@ impl Game<'_> {
             | Target::Cart(id)
             | Target::Other(id) => self.persist.raw.get(&id),
             Target::Player => self.level.player_extra.as_ref(),
-            Target::Guest(_) | Target::Orb(_) | Target::Projectile(_) => None,
+            Target::Guest(_)
+            | Target::Orb(_)
+            | Target::Projectile(_)
+            | Target::Crystal(_)
+            | Target::Dragon(_) => None,
         };
         match raw.and_then(|r| r.get("Tags")) {
             Some(Tag::List(l)) => l

crates/horizon-client/src/game/sculk.rs

@@ -1194,14 +1194,14 @@ impl Game<'_> {
 
     /// `LightmapRenderStateExtractor`: the night vision effect's intensity
     /// (`GameRenderer.nightVisionScale`), or conduit power's water vision.
-    pub(super) fn night_vision_intensity(&self) -> f32 {
+    pub(super) fn night_vision_intensity(&self, partial: f32) -> f32 {
         use horizon_client::fog::FogType;
         if let Some(e) = self.potions.effects.get("night_vision") {
             // MobEffectInstance.endsWithin(200); -1 is infinite.
             return if e.duration < 0 || e.duration > 200 {
                 1.0
             } else {
-                0.7 + (e.duration as f32 * std::f32::consts::PI * 0.2).sin() * 0.3
+                0.7 + ((e.duration as f32 - partial) * std::f32::consts::PI * 0.2).sin() * 0.3
             };
         }
         if self.potions.effects.get("conduit_power").is_some()

crates/horizon-client/src/game/server_packs.rs

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 //! and `DownloadedPackSource` as `Minecraft` drives it): the prompt, the
 //! server list's setting, downloads into `downloads/`, and a resource reload
 //! with the server's packs on top of the player's own.
-use super::Game;
+use super::{Game, Progress};
 use horizon_client::{
     Result,
     confirm_screen::Confirm,
@@ -82,6 +82,9 @@ pub(super) struct ServerPackState {
     pub(super) active: Vec<packs::Pack>,
     /// The download batches' notifiers, oldest first.
     notifiers: Vec<PackNotifier>,
+    /// A `tick`-asked reload staged on a worker (`LoadingOverlay`): the
+    /// frame draws its progress until `tick_server_packs` applies it.
+    pub(super) reload: Option<PackReload>,
 }
 /// `DownloadedPackSource.createDownloadNotifier`: one batch's progress in its
 /// own `SystemToast`.
@@ -191,6 +194,21 @@ fn saves() -> PathBuf {
     std::env::current_dir().unwrap_or_default().join("saves")
 }
 
+/// `LoadingOverlay`'s stage lines for a pack reload, indexed by `progress`.
+const RELOAD_LINES: [&str; 4] = [
+    "Preparing resources",
+    "Loading assets",
+    "Loading pack tables",
+    "Applying resources",
+];
+/// A pack reload `ServerPacks::tick` asked for: the CPU half runs on a
+/// worker while `progress` feeds the loading screen, then the apply lands
+/// on the render thread.
+pub(super) struct PackReload {
+    pub(super) progress: Progress,
+    handle: std::thread::JoinHandle<std::result::Result<super::packs::StagedPack, String>>,
+}
+
 impl Game<'_> {
     /// `ConnectScreen`: the server's setting decides what its packs do
     /// (`configureForServerControl`); single player's own server takes them
@@ -314,6 +332,7 @@ impl Game<'_> {
         if self.rest_loader.is_some() || self.world_loader.is_some() {
             return;
         }
+        self.drive_pack_reload();
         let finished = self
             .server_packs
             .queue
@@ -328,13 +347,8 @@ impl Game<'_> {
             if !tick.download.is_empty() {
                 self.start_pack_downloads(tick.download);
             }
-            if let Some(mut load) = tick.reload {
-                while let Some(recovery) = {
-                    let ok = self.reload_server_packs(&load);
-                    self.server_packs.packs.reloaded(ok)
-                } {
-                    load = recovery;
-                }
+            if let Some(load) = tick.reload {
+                self.start_pack_reload(&load);
             }
         }
         for (id, status) in self.server_packs.packs.take_replies() {
@@ -379,24 +393,90 @@ impl Game<'_> {
         }
     }
     /// `DownloadedPackSource.startReload`: the packs on top of the player's
-    /// own, then `Minecraft.reloadResourcePacks`. False when a pack has no
-    /// readable `pack.mcmeta` or the reload failed.
-    fn reload_server_packs(&mut self, load: &[(u128, PathBuf)]) -> bool {
-        let packs: Option<Vec<_>> = load
+    /// own, staged on a worker (`Minecraft.reloadResourcePacks` under a
+    /// `LoadingOverlay`); `drive_pack_reload` applies it. A pack with no
+    /// readable `pack.mcmeta` fails the reload at once, as `onFailure`.
+    fn start_pack_reload(&mut self, load: &[(u128, PathBuf)]) {
+        let server: Option<Vec<_>> = load
             .iter()
             .map(|(id, path)| packs::server_pack(*id, path))
             .collect();
-        let Some(packs) = packs else {
+        let Some(server) = server else {
             log::warn!("Horizon: invalid pack metadata in a server pack, ignoring all");
-            return false;
+            self.finish_pack_reload(false);
+            return;
         };
-        self.server_packs.active = packs;
-        match self.reload_selected_packs() {
+        self.server_packs.active = server.clone();
+        // The overlay swallows input until the apply (`LoadingOverlay`):
+        // release what is held so nothing keeps acting while it covers the
+        // frame (`KeyMapping.releaseAll` when a screen opens).
+        self.keys.clear();
+        self.physical_keys.clear();
+        self.left = false;
+        self.right = false;
+        let vanilla = self.vanilla_root();
+        if self.ui.vanilla_root.as_os_str().is_empty() {
+            self.ui.vanilla_root = vanilla.clone();
+        }
+        let (selected, mods, dev_mods) = (
+            self.settings.resource_packs.clone(),
+            self.settings.mods.enabled.clone(),
+            self.options.dev_mods.clone(),
+        );
+        let (assets, res, context) = (
+            self.pack.assets.clone(),
+            self.res.clone(),
+            self.pack.context.clone(),
+        );
+        let (unicode, japanese) = (self.settings.force_unicode, self.settings.japanese_glyphs);
+        let progress = Progress::with(&RELOAD_LINES);
+        let worker = progress.clone();
+        let handle = std::thread::Builder::new()
+            .name("server-pack-reload".into())
+            .spawn(move || {
+                super::packs::stage_pack(
+                    &vanilla, &selected, &server, &mods, &dev_mods, &assets, &res, &context,
+                    unicode, japanese, &worker,
+                )
+                .map_err(|e| e.to_string())
+            });
+        match handle {
+            Ok(handle) => self.server_packs.reload = Some(PackReload { progress, handle }),
+            Err(e) => {
+                log::error!("Horizon: could not start the pack reload worker: {e}");
+                self.finish_pack_reload(false);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    /// `PackReloadConfig.Callbacks`: applies the staged reload once its
+    /// worker is done; on failure the packs active before reload again.
+    fn drive_pack_reload(&mut self) {
+        let Some(reload) = &self.server_packs.reload else {
+            return;
+        };
+        if !reload.handle.is_finished() {
+            return;
+        }
+        let reload = self.server_packs.reload.take().unwrap();
+        let staged = reload
+            .handle
+            .join()
+            .unwrap_or_else(|_| Err("the pack reload worker panicked".into()));
+        let ok = match staged
+            .and_then(|staged| self.apply_staged_pack(staged).map_err(|e| e.to_string()))
+        {
             Ok(()) => true,
             Err(e) => {
                 log::warn!("Horizon: server resource pack reload failed: {e}");
                 false
             }
+        };
+        self.finish_pack_reload(ok);
+    }
+    /// `ServerPacks::reloaded` and the recovery reload it can ask for.
+    fn finish_pack_reload(&mut self, ok: bool) {
+        if let Some(recovery) = self.server_packs.packs.reloaded(ok) {
+            self.start_pack_reload(&recovery);
         }
     }
 

crates/horizon-client/src/game/sign_edit.rs

@@ -5,7 +5,8 @@ use super::{Game, lan::LanHost};
 use horizon_client::{
     containers::BlockEntity,
     hud::{HudBatch, rgba},
-    signs::wood_type,
+    items::ItemStack,
+    signs::{DYE_TEXT, wood_type},
     ui::EditBox,
 };
 use horizon_protocol::packets::play::{self, Clientbound as C, Serverbound as S};
@@ -31,6 +32,157 @@ fn sign_box() -> EditBox {
 }
 
 impl Game<'_> {
+    /// `SignBlockEntity.getSlotPlayerIsFacing`: whether the player stands in
+    /// front of the sign's text (within 90 degrees of its facing).
+    fn facing_sign_front(&self, pos: (i32, i32, i32)) -> bool {
+        let Some(player) = self.player.as_ref() else {
+            return true;
+        };
+        let state = self.world.block(pos.0, pos.1, pos.2);
+        let Some(state) = self.pack.assets.registry.state(state) else {
+            return true;
+        };
+        let prop = |key: &str| state.properties.get(key).map(String::as_str);
+        // getYRotationDegrees: a wall sign's `Direction.toYRot`, a standing or
+        // ceiling sign's rotation segment.
+        let y_rot = if state.name.contains("_wall_") {
+            match prop("facing") {
+                Some("west") => 90.0,
+                Some("north") => 180.0,
+                Some("east") => 270.0,
+                _ => 0.0,
+            }
+        } else {
+            prop("rotation")
+                .and_then(|r| r.parse::<f32>().ok())
+                .unwrap_or(0.0)
+                * 22.5
+        };
+        // getSignHitboxCenterPosition: only a wall sign's board is off-centre,
+        // against the wall it hangs on.
+        let centre = if state.name.ends_with("_wall_sign") {
+            match y_rot as i32 {
+                90 => (0.9375, 0.5),
+                180 => (0.5, 0.9375),
+                270 => (0.0625, 0.5),
+                _ => (0.5, 0.0625),
+            }
+        } else {
+            (0.5, 0.5)
+        };
+        let xd = player.position.x - (f64::from(pos.0) + centre.0);
+        let zd = player.position.z - (f64::from(pos.2) + centre.1);
+        let player_y_rot = (zd.atan2(xd).to_degrees() - 90.0) as f32;
+        // Mth.degreesDifferenceAbs.
+        let diff = (player_y_rot - y_rot).rem_euclid(360.0);
+        let diff = if diff >= 180.0 { 360.0 - diff } else { diff };
+        diff <= 90.0
+    }
+    /// `SignBlock.useWithoutItem` (the block's `OpenMenu` effect): a waxed
+    /// sign plays the failed-interaction sound; otherwise a player who may
+    /// build edits the side they face.
+    pub(super) fn use_sign_empty_hand(&mut self, pos: [i32; 3]) {
+        let key = (pos[0], pos[1], pos[2]);
+        let Some(BlockEntity::Sign(sign)) = self.world.block_entities.get(&key) else {
+            return;
+        };
+        if sign.waxed {
+            // `getSignInteractionFailedSoundEvent`: a hanging sign has its own.
+            let sound = if sign.hanging {
+                "minecraft:block.hanging_sign.waxed_interact_fail"
+            } else {
+                "minecraft:block.sign.waxed_interact_fail"
+            };
+            self.audio
+                .play(sound, Some(pos.map(|v| f64::from(v) + 0.5)), 1.0, 1.0);
+        } else if self.may_build() {
+            let front = self.facing_sign_front(key);
+            self.open_sign_editor(key, front);
+        }
+    }
+    /// `SignBlock.useItemOn` with a `SignApplicator` in hand (dyes, ink sacs,
+    /// honeycomb): the item changes the side the player faces and is used up.
+    /// Whether it did; a sign it does not apply to goes on to the empty hand.
+    pub(super) fn use_sign_applicator(&mut self, pos: [i32; 3], held: Option<&ItemStack>) -> bool {
+        let Some(stack) = held else {
+            return false;
+        };
+        let key = (pos[0], pos[1], pos[2]);
+        let Some(BlockEntity::Sign(sign)) = self.world.block_entities.get(&key) else {
+            return false;
+        };
+        if sign.waxed || !self.may_build() {
+            return false;
+        }
+        let item = &*stack.item;
+        let dye = if item.ends_with("_dye") {
+            self.res
+                .items()
+                .get(&stack.item)
+                .and_then(|i| i.dye.clone())
+        } else {
+            None
+        };
+        let colour = dye.and_then(|d| DYE_TEXT.iter().position(|(n, _)| *n == d));
+        if !matches!(
+            item,
+            "minecraft:honeycomb" | "minecraft:glow_ink_sac" | "minecraft:ink_sac"
+        ) && colour.is_none()
+        {
+            return false;
+        }
+        let front = self.facing_sign_front(key);
+        let Some(BlockEntity::Sign(sign)) = self.world.block_entities.get_mut(&key) else {
+            return false;
+        };
+        let centre = pos.map(|v| f64::from(v) + 0.5);
+        let sound = if item == "minecraft:honeycomb" {
+            // HoneycombItem.tryApplyToSign: waxes any sign, empty or not.
+            sign.waxed = true;
+            "minecraft:item.honeycomb.wax_on"
+        } else {
+            let side = if front {
+                &mut sign.front
+            } else {
+                &mut sign.back
+            };
+            // SignApplicator.canApplyToSign: the side must have text.
+            if side.is_empty() {
+                return false;
+            }
+            match colour {
+                Some(c) if side.color != c as u8 => {
+                    side.color = c as u8;
+                    "minecraft:item.dye.use"
+                }
+                None if item == "minecraft:glow_ink_sac" && !side.glowing => {
+                    side.glowing = true;
+                    "minecraft:item.glow_ink_sac.use"
+                }
+                None if item == "minecraft:ink_sac" && side.glowing => {
+                    side.glowing = false;
+                    "minecraft:item.ink_sac.use"
+                }
+                _ => return false,
+            }
+        };
+        if item == "minecraft:honeycomb" {
+            self.level_event_at(3003, pos, 0);
+        }
+        self.audio.play(sound, Some(centre), 1.0, 1.0);
+        self.mark_block_entity_updated(key);
+        let state = self.world.block(pos[0], pos[1], pos[2]);
+        self.post_block_game_event(
+            "minecraft:block_change",
+            pos,
+            self.sculk_actor(),
+            Some(state),
+        );
+        self.stats.add("used", &stack.item, 1);
+        self.consume_held();
+        self.trigger_block("minecraft:item_used_on_block", pos, stack);
+        true
+    }
     /// `SignBlock.openTextEdit` for the front side after placement.
     pub(super) fn open_sign_editor(&mut self, pos: (i32, i32, i32), front: bool) {
         self.sign_edit = Some(SignEditor {

crates/horizon-client/src/game/spawner.rs

@@ -253,7 +253,7 @@ impl Game<'_> {
         self.world.modified.insert((key.0 >> 4, key.2 >> 4));
     }
     /// `LivingEntity.makePoofParticles` (entity event 20) for a mob.
-    fn mob_poof(&mut self, id: u32) {
+    pub(super) fn mob_poof(&mut self, id: u32) {
         let Some(m) = self.mobs.iter().find(|m| m.id == id) else {
             return;
         };

crates/horizon-client/src/game/startup_menu.rs

@@ -546,6 +546,11 @@ impl Loading {
                             (batch.width, batch.height),
                             self.menu.modifiers.shift_key(),
                         );
+                        title.press_rules(
+                            &gui.atlas,
+                            self.menu.cursor,
+                            (batch.width, batch.height),
+                        );
                         self.menu_action(event_loop, action);
                     }
                 }

crates/horizon-client/src/game/stats.rs

@@ -256,9 +256,8 @@ impl Game<'_> {
             .fluid
             == horizon_client::blocks::Fluid::Water;
         let on_ground = p.ground.on_ground;
-        let (sprinting, flying, gliding, swimming) = (
+        let (sprinting, gliding, swimming) = (
             p.sprinting,
-            p.flying,
             p.fall_flying,
             p.pose == horizon_client::pose::Pose::Swimming,
         );
@@ -272,15 +271,27 @@ impl Game<'_> {
         });
         let s = &mut self.stats;
         match riding {
-            Some(Ok(horizon_client::mobs::Species::Pig)) => s.custom("pig_one_cm", total),
-            Some(Ok(horizon_client::mobs::Species::Strider)) => s.custom("strider_one_cm", total),
-            Some(Ok(sp)) if horizon_client::mobs::equine::is_equine(sp) => {
-                s.custom("horse_one_cm", horizontal)
+            Some(Ok(sp)) => {
+                use horizon_client::mobs::Species;
+                // `checkRidingStatistics`: only these mounts count, the horse
+                // family by the full 3D distance; any other mount nothing.
+                match sp {
+                    Species::Pig => s.custom("pig_one_cm", total),
+                    Species::Strider => s.custom("strider_one_cm", total),
+                    Species::HappyGhast => s.custom("happy_ghast_one_cm", total),
+                    Species::Nautilus | Species::ZombieNautilus => {
+                        s.custom("nautilus_one_cm", total)
+                    }
+                    sp if horizon_client::mobs::equine::is_equine(sp) => {
+                        s.custom("horse_one_cm", total)
+                    }
+                    _ => {}
+                }
             }
-            Some(_) => {
+            Some(Err(())) => {
                 if self.boats.iter().any(|b| Some(b.id) == self.riding) {
                     s.custom("boat_one_cm", total)
-                } else {
+                } else if self.carts.iter().any(|c| Some(c.id) == self.riding) {
                     s.custom("minecart_one_cm", total)
                 }
             }
@@ -300,8 +311,9 @@ impl Game<'_> {
                 }
             }
             None if gliding => s.custom("aviate_one_cm", total),
-            None if flying => s.custom("fly_one_cm", horizontal),
-            None if d.y < 0.0 => s.custom("fall_one_cm", (-d.y * 100.0).round() as i32),
+            // Airborne and not gliding: more than 25 cm sideways per move
+            // (creative flight, or a long jump), not only flying.
+            None if horizontal > 25 => s.custom("fly_one_cm", horizontal),
             None => {}
         }
     }

crates/horizon-client/src/game/trading.rs

@@ -245,7 +245,7 @@ impl Game<'_> {
             self.handle_mob_events(events)?;
             return Ok(true);
         }
-        self.stats.custom("talk_to_villager", 1);
+        self.stats.custom("talked_to_villager", 1);
         self.ensure_offers(index);
         let m = &self.mobs[index];
         let trade = m.extra.trade.as_deref().cloned().unwrap_or_default();
@@ -398,18 +398,21 @@ impl Game<'_> {
             .as_ref()
             .and_then(|s| s.merchant.as_ref())
             .and_then(|m| m.mob);
-        let session = self.merchant_apply(session, mob);
+        let (session, traded) = self.merchant_apply(session, mob);
+        self.merchant_traded(mob, &traded);
         if let Some(m) = self.station.as_mut().and_then(|s| s.merchant.as_mut()) {
             m.session = session;
         }
     }
-    /// What a menu click's session did, applied to the world and its mob.
+    /// What a menu click's session did, applied to the world and its mob;
+    /// with the result of each trade made, for `merchant_traded`.
     pub(super) fn merchant_apply(
         &mut self,
         session: Box<merchant::Session>,
         mob: Option<u32>,
-    ) -> Box<merchant::Session> {
+    ) -> (Box<merchant::Session>, Vec<ItemStack>) {
         let mut session = session;
+        let mut traded = Vec::new();
         let events = std::mem::take(&mut session.events);
         let (villager, origin) = (session.villager, session.origin);
         if let Some(m) = mob.and_then(|id| self.mobs.iter_mut().find(|m| m.id == id)) {
@@ -438,11 +441,26 @@ impl Game<'_> {
                     };
                     self.audio.play(sound, Some(origin), 1.0, pitch);
                 }
-                merchant::Event::Traded(_) => self.stats.custom("traded_with_villager", 1),
+                merchant::Event::Traded(index) => {
+                    traded.extend(session.offers.get(index).map(|o| o.result.clone()));
+                }
                 merchant::Event::TradeSound => {}
             }
         }
-        session
+        (session, traded)
+    }
+    /// `MerchantResultSlot.checkTakeAchievements` and `AbstractVillager.notifyTrade`
+    /// for each trade made: the statistic and the `villager_trade` trigger.
+    pub(super) fn merchant_traded(&mut self, mob: Option<u32>, results: &[ItemStack]) {
+        for result in results {
+            self.stats.custom("traded_with_villager", 1);
+            let villager = mob
+                .and_then(|id| self.mobs.iter().find(|m| m.id == id))
+                .map(|m| self.mob_entity(m));
+            if let Some(villager) = villager {
+                self.trigger_trade(&villager, result);
+            }
+        }
     }
     /// `Villager.customServerAiStep`: the TRADE reputation event of the last
     /// trade, a tick later; the prices follow the new reputation.

crates/horizon-client/src/game/trident.rs

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ pub(super) struct ThrownTrident {
     pub id: u32,
     pub(super) stack: ItemStack,
     pub(super) position: Vec3,
-    previous: Vec3,
+    pub(super) previous: Vec3,
     pub(super) velocity: Vec3,
     pub(super) yaw: f32,
     pub(super) pitch: f32,
@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ impl Game<'_> {
         }
         true
     }
-    fn in_water_or_rain(&self) -> bool {
+    fn in_water_or_rain(&mut self) -> bool {
         let Some(p) = &self.player else { return false };
         let (x, y, z) = (
             p.position.x.floor() as i32,
@@ -121,8 +121,8 @@ impl Game<'_> {
         );
         let water = self.res.facts().get(self.world.block(x, y, z)).fluid
             == horizon_client::blocks::Fluid::Water;
-        let sky = self.world.light(x, y + 1, z) >> 4 == 15;
-        water || (self.world.weather.raining && sky)
+        let (at, top) = (p.position, p.bounds().max_position().y);
+        water || self.in_rain(at, top)
     }
     /// The living entities a spinning player can touch this tick, for
     /// `LivingEntity.checkAutoSpinAttack` (none when not spinning).

crates/horizon-client/src/game/wind.rs

@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ impl Game<'_> {
             velocity,
             on_ground,
         );
-        self.creatures.projectiles.push(proj);
+        self.add_projectile(proj);
         let pitch = 0.4 / (self.world.random.next_float() * 0.4 + 0.8);
         self.audio
             .play("minecraft:entity.wind_charge.throw", Some(eye), 0.5, pitch);

crates/horizon-client/src/game/world_loading.rs

@@ -94,6 +94,8 @@ impl WorldRequest {
             level.difficulty = horizon_client::title::DIFFICULTIES[o.difficulty()].into();
             level.allow_commands = Some(o.commands(creative));
             horizon_client::save::write_world_gen_settings(&save_root, level.seed, o.world_gen())?;
+            // WorldCreationUiState.getGameRules, written with the level.
+            level.game_rules = o.rules.by_name();
         }
         // Worlds made without the Create New World screen (--world, the
         // control socket) take its default: commands on for Creative only.

crates/horizon-client/src/game_rules_screen.rs

@@ -1,8 +1,9 @@
-//! InWorldGameRulesScreen (AbstractGameRulesScreen), opened from World
-//! Options: the rules by category under a search box, a switch or a number
-//! box each, and Done sending the changed ones (ServerboundSetGameRulePacket).
-//! Leaving with changes asks first (ConfirmScreen).
-use horizon_client::{
+//! AbstractGameRulesScreen: the rules by category under a search box, a
+//! switch or a number box each. InWorldGameRulesScreen, opened from World
+//! Options, sends the changed ones on Done (ServerboundSetGameRulePacket) and
+//! asks before leaving with changes (ConfirmScreen); WorldCreationGameRulesScreen,
+//! opened from Create New World, hands them back and leaves without asking.
+use crate::{
     confirm_screen::Confirm,
     font::Font,
     gamerules::{self, GameRules, RULES, Rule, Value},
@@ -32,14 +33,14 @@ enum Row {
 
 /// What a click or Escape asks of World Options.
 #[derive(Debug, PartialEq)]
-pub(super) enum Exit {
+pub enum Exit {
     /// Done: the rules that changed.
     Apply(Vec<(&'static str, Value)>),
     /// Cancel, or discarding the changes.
     Discard,
 }
 
-pub(super) struct RulesScreen {
+pub struct RulesScreen {
     search: EditBox,
     values: GameRules,
     initial: GameRules,
@@ -49,6 +50,8 @@ pub(super) struct RulesScreen {
     scroll: ui::Scroll,
     /// ConfirmScreen "Game Rule Changes" in its place.
     confirm: bool,
+    /// InWorldGameRulesScreen rather than WorldCreationGameRulesScreen.
+    in_world: bool,
 }
 
 fn name_key(r: &Rule) -> String {
@@ -102,7 +105,15 @@ fn confirm(font: &Font, size: (f32, f32)) -> Confirm {
 }
 
 impl RulesScreen {
-    pub(super) fn new(rules: &GameRules) -> Self {
+    /// InWorldGameRulesScreen over the world's rules.
+    pub fn new(rules: &GameRules) -> Self {
+        Self::build(rules, true)
+    }
+    /// WorldCreationGameRulesScreen over the new world's rules.
+    pub fn for_creation(rules: &GameRules) -> Self {
+        Self::build(rules, false)
+    }
+    fn build(rules: &GameRules, in_world: bool) -> Self {
         // setInitialFocus: the search box.
         let search = EditBox::new(0.0, 0.0, SEARCH_WIDTH, 15.0);
         let numbers = RULES
@@ -123,6 +134,7 @@ impl RulesScreen {
             numbers,
             scroll: ui::Scroll::default(),
             confirm: false,
+            in_world,
         }
     }
 
@@ -197,9 +209,10 @@ impl RulesScreen {
             })
             .collect()
     }
-    /// InWorldGameRulesScreen.onClose: pending changes ask first.
+    /// InWorldGameRulesScreen.onClose: pending changes ask first;
+    /// WorldCreationGameRulesScreen.onClose discards them.
     fn close(&mut self) -> Option<Exit> {
-        if self.changes().is_empty() {
+        if !self.in_world || self.changes().is_empty() {
             Some(Exit::Discard)
         } else {
             self.confirm = true;
@@ -207,7 +220,7 @@ impl RulesScreen {
         }
     }
     /// Escape: ConfirmScreen answers no; the rules close.
-    pub(super) fn escape(&mut self) -> Option<Exit> {
+    pub fn escape(&mut self) -> Option<Exit> {
         if self.confirm {
             self.confirm = false;
             None
@@ -216,7 +229,7 @@ impl RulesScreen {
         }
     }
     /// The mouse wheel (AbstractSelectionList: half an entry a step).
-    pub(super) fn wheel(&mut self, delta: f32, h: f32) {
+    pub fn wheel(&mut self, delta: f32, h: f32) {
         if !self.confirm {
             let content = self.content();
             self.scroll
@@ -224,20 +237,20 @@ impl RulesScreen {
         }
     }
     /// A press on the scrollbar holds it (AbstractSelectionList.updateScrolling).
-    pub(super) fn press_scrollbar(&mut self, cursor: (f32, f32), (w, h): (f32, f32)) -> bool {
+    pub fn press_scrollbar(&mut self, cursor: (f32, f32), (w, h): (f32, f32)) -> bool {
         let content = self.content();
         self.scroll
             .press(cursor, Self::bar(w), HEADER, h - FOOTER, content)
     }
     /// The pointer moved while the scrollbar is held.
-    pub(super) fn drag(&mut self, y: f32, h: f32) {
+    pub fn drag(&mut self, y: f32, h: f32) {
         if self.scroll.held() {
             let content = self.content();
             self.scroll.drag(y, HEADER, h - FOOTER, content);
         }
     }
     /// The button came up: the scrollbar lets go.
-    pub(super) fn release(&mut self) {
+    pub fn release(&mut self) {
         self.scroll.release();
     }
     fn focused(&mut self) -> Option<(Option<&'static str>, &mut EditBox)> {
@@ -272,7 +285,7 @@ impl RulesScreen {
         }
     }
     /// Run an edit on the focused box, then its responder.
-    pub(super) fn edit(&mut self, f: impl FnOnce(&mut EditBox)) {
+    pub fn edit(&mut self, f: impl FnOnce(&mut EditBox)) {
         let Some((rule, b)) = self.focused() else {
             return;
         };
@@ -282,12 +295,12 @@ impl RulesScreen {
             self.edited(rule);
         }
     }
-    pub(super) fn typing(&self) -> bool {
+    pub fn typing(&self) -> bool {
         !self.confirm && (self.search.focused || self.numbers.iter().any(|(_, b)| b.focused))
     }
 
     /// A left click; Some when the screen closes.
-    pub(super) fn click(
+    pub fn click(
         &mut self,
         atlas: &HudAtlas,
         cursor: (f32, f32),
@@ -355,12 +368,7 @@ impl RulesScreen {
         }
     }
     /// Whether a click lands on a button (for its sound).
-    pub(super) fn clicks_button(
-        &self,
-        atlas: &HudAtlas,
-        cursor: (f32, f32),
-        size: (f32, f32),
-    ) -> bool {
+    pub fn clicks_button(&self, atlas: &HudAtlas, cursor: (f32, f32), size: (f32, f32)) -> bool {
         let (w, h) = size;
         let on = |(x, y): (f32, f32)| ui::hovered(cursor, x, y, 150.0, 20.0);
         if self.confirm {
@@ -377,9 +385,9 @@ impl RulesScreen {
         })
     }
 
-    pub(super) fn draw(&mut self, batch: &mut HudBatch, atlas: &HudAtlas, cursor: (f32, f32)) {
+    pub fn draw(&mut self, batch: &mut HudBatch, atlas: &HudAtlas, cursor: (f32, f32)) {
         let (w, h) = (batch.width, batch.height);
-        ui::menu_background(batch, atlas, 0.0, 0.0, w, h, true);
+        ui::menu_background(batch, atlas, 0.0, 0.0, w, h, self.in_world);
         if self.confirm {
             let labels = [
                 Text::translate("gui.yes", &[]),
@@ -393,7 +401,7 @@ impl RulesScreen {
         self.scroll.clamp(HEADER, h - FOOTER, content);
         // RuleList: the in-world list background, its entries clipped to it,
         // then the separators and scrollbar.
-        ui::list_background(batch, atlas, HEADER, h - FOOTER, true);
+        ui::list_background(batch, atlas, HEADER, h - FOOTER, self.in_world);
         let first = batch.vertices.len();
         let hovered = self.hovered(rows.len(), cursor, (w, h));
         let (left, x) = (row_left(w), control_x(w));
@@ -450,7 +458,7 @@ impl RulesScreen {
             }
         }
         batch.clip_since(first, 0.0, HEADER, w, h - FOOTER);
-        ui::separators(batch, atlas, HEADER, h - FOOTER, true);
+        ui::separators(batch, atlas, HEADER, h - FOOTER, self.in_world);
         ui::scrollbar(
             batch,
             atlas,
@@ -526,8 +534,8 @@ mod tests {
 
     #[test]
     fn box_colours_are_vanillas() {
-        assert_eq!(VALID, horizon_client::hud::rgba(224, 224, 224, 255));
-        assert_eq!(INVALID, horizon_client::hud::rgba(255, 0, 0, 255));
+        assert_eq!(VALID, crate::hud::rgba(224, 224, 224, 255));
+        assert_eq!(INVALID, crate::hud::rgba(255, 0, 0, 255));
     }
 
     #[test]

crates/horizon-client/src/gfx.rs

@@ -37,7 +37,10 @@ mod crumbling_tests;
 mod entity_batch;
 mod weather;
 use entity_batch::EntityBatch;
-pub use entity_batch::{SHADOW_OVERLAY, TRANSLUCENT_PARTICLE_OVERLAY, WATER_MASK_OVERLAY};
+pub use entity_batch::{
+    SHADOW_OVERLAY, TRANSLUCENT_GLINT_ITEM_OVERLAY, TRANSLUCENT_ITEM_OVERLAY,
+    TRANSLUCENT_PARTICLE_OVERLAY, WATER_MASK_OVERLAY,
+};
 
 /// Window.getAppropriateLineWidth, in framebuffer pixels.
 pub fn outline_width(width: u32) -> f32 {
@@ -247,6 +250,8 @@ pub struct Frame<'a> {
     pub outline: Vec<[f64; 6]>,
     /// `BlockOutlineRenderState.isTranslucent`: draw after translucent terrain.
     pub outline_after_terrain: bool,
+    /// `BlockOutlineRenderState.highContrast`: a thick black outline under a bright one.
+    pub outline_high_contrast: bool,
     /// `lines` with a colour and pixel width (`gizmos::camera_relative`):
     /// the fishing line and debug gizmos, depth tested, then gizmos drawn
     /// over everything.
@@ -377,6 +382,7 @@ pub struct Renderer {
     sky: wgpu::RenderPipeline,
     dark_disc: wgpu::RenderPipeline,
     lines: wgpu::RenderPipeline,
+    lines_secondary: wgpu::RenderPipeline,
     /// Gizmo lines (`RenderTypes.linesTranslucentNoDepthWrite`) and the
     /// always-on-top ones.
     debug_lines: wgpu::RenderPipeline,
@@ -391,6 +397,7 @@ pub struct Renderer {
     weather: weather::Weather,
     crumbling_pipeline: wgpu::RenderPipeline,
     shadow_blob_pipeline: wgpu::RenderPipeline,
+    translucent_item_pipeline: wgpu::RenderPipeline,
     /// `RenderPipelines.WATER_MASK`: depth writes only, no colour.
     water_mask_pipeline: wgpu::RenderPipeline,
     cloud_pipeline: wgpu::RenderPipeline,
@@ -1213,12 +1220,6 @@ impl Renderer {
                 attributes: &instance_attributes,
             }),
         ];
-        let line_attributes = wgpu::vertex_attr_array![0=>Float32x3,1=>Float32x3];
-        let line_buffers = [Some(wgpu::VertexBufferLayout {
-            array_stride: 24,
-            step_mode: wgpu::VertexStepMode::Instance,
-            attributes: &line_attributes,
-        })];
         let alpha_blend = wgpu::BlendState::ALPHA_BLENDING;
         let debug_line_attributes =
             wgpu::vertex_attr_array![0=>Float32x3,1=>Float32x3,2=>Unorm8x4,3=>Float32];
@@ -1351,13 +1352,25 @@ impl Renderer {
             "Block outline",
             "vs_line",
             "fs_line",
-            &line_buffers,
+            &debug_line_buffers,
             wgpu::PrimitiveTopology::TriangleStrip,
             None,
             true,
             true,
             Some(alpha_blend),
         );
+        // RenderTypes.secondaryBlockOutline: the black stroke under a high contrast outline.
+        let lines_secondary = pipeline(
+            "Block outline secondary",
+            "vs_line",
+            "fs_line",
+            &debug_line_buffers,
+            wgpu::PrimitiveTopology::TriangleStrip,
+            None,
+            false,
+            true,
+            Some(alpha_blend),
+        );
         let debug_lines = pipeline(
             "Debug lines",
             "vs_debug_line",
@@ -1531,7 +1544,7 @@ impl Renderer {
         });
         let outline = device.create_buffer(&wgpu::BufferDescriptor {
             label: Some("Outline"),
-            size: 24 * MAX_OUTLINE_EDGES,
+            size: 32 * 2 * MAX_OUTLINE_EDGES,
             usage: wgpu::BufferUsages::VERTEX | wgpu::BufferUsages::COPY_DST,
             mapped_at_creation: false,
         });
@@ -1818,25 +1831,40 @@ impl Renderer {
             false,
         );
         // RenderPipelines.ENTITY_SHADOW: translucent, depth test without
-        // writes. The quads lie on the block tops like vanilla's, but the
-        // terrain under them snaps to the subpixel grid at other vertices, so
-        // at a slant their depths differ by up to 1/256 of a pixel's depth
-        // slope and whole shadows failed the test. The bias covers that and
-        // the rounding, and stays below the 0.001 a model's feet sit higher
-        // (1/27 of a pixel's slope at the 16-block shadow range in 720p).
+        // writes. The quads lie exactly on the block tops like vanilla's, but
+        // terrain and shadows are separate draw paths, so their fp32 depth
+        // interpolations disagree by a few dozen ulps of the fragment depth
+        // and the shadow's rim z-fights with the block top (speckle that
+        // re-rolls as the camera drifts a subpixel). A constant bias of 128
+        // ulps covers that spread at any resolution while staying far below
+        // the 0.001 a model's feet sit higher, so shadows never bleed onto
+        // the feet.
         let shadow_blob_pipeline = entity_pipeline(
             "Entity shadows",
             None,
             false,
             wgpu::CompareFunction::GreaterEqual,
             wgpu::DepthBiasState {
-                constant: 16,
+                constant: 128,
                 slope_scale: 0.015,
                 clamp: 0.0,
             },
             alpha_blend,
             false,
         );
+        // RenderPipelines.ITEM_TRANSLUCENT: blended, depth tested. Drawn before
+        // translucent terrain, it cannot write depth: the water behind a
+        // glass item would fail the test and vanish (vanilla sorts these in
+        // its order independent transparency pass instead).
+        let translucent_item_pipeline = entity_pipeline(
+            "Translucent items",
+            None,
+            false,
+            wgpu::CompareFunction::GreaterEqual,
+            Default::default(),
+            alpha_blend,
+            false,
+        );
         let cloud_pipeline = entity_pipeline(
             "Clouds",
             Some(wgpu::Face::Back),
@@ -2362,6 +2390,7 @@ impl Renderer {
             sky,
             dark_disc,
             lines,
+            lines_secondary,
             debug_lines,
             debug_lines_on_top,
             debug_line_buffer,
@@ -2372,6 +2401,7 @@ impl Renderer {
             weather,
             crumbling_pipeline,
             shadow_blob_pipeline,
+            translucent_item_pipeline,
             water_mask_pipeline,
             cloud_pipeline,
             cloud_mesh: Default::default(),
@@ -2483,6 +2513,18 @@ impl Renderer {
             present_modes,
         })
     }
+    /// LevelRenderer.submitBlockOutline: the buffer holds `edges` per stroke, the black
+    /// secondary stroke first when high contrast is on.
+    fn draw_outline(&self, pass: &mut wgpu::RenderPass<'_>, edges: u32, high_contrast: bool) {
+        pass.set_vertex_buffer(0, self.outline.slice(..));
+        if high_contrast {
+            pass.set_pipeline(&self.lines_secondary);
+            pass.draw(0..4, 0..edges);
+        }
+        pass.set_pipeline(&self.lines);
+        let first = if high_contrast { edges } else { 0 };
+        pass.draw(0..4, first..first + edges);
+    }
     fn quad_indices(device: &wgpu::Device, quads: u32) -> wgpu::Buffer {
         let indices: Vec<u32> = (0..quads)
             .flat_map(|q| {
@@ -3195,7 +3237,7 @@ impl Renderer {
     /// The Mipmap Levels option: block textures sample at most `levels`
     /// reduced copies (0: none).
     pub fn set_mipmap_levels(&mut self, levels: u32) {
-        let levels = sprite_mipmap_limit(
+        let levels = crate::sprites::sprite_mipmap_limit(
             levels,
             self.sprite_textures[0].width(),
             self.sprite_minimum_size,
@@ -3955,7 +3997,26 @@ impl Renderer {
         );
         let outline_edges = frame.outline.len().min(MAX_OUTLINE_EDGES as usize);
         if outline_edges > 0 {
-            let lines = outline_vertices(&frame.outline[..outline_edges], camera);
+            // The same per-line colour and pixel width layout as the gizmo lines. A high
+            // contrast outline is two strokes: the black one first, the bright one after it.
+            let edges = outline_vertices(&frame.outline[..outline_edges], camera);
+            let width = outline_width(self.config.width);
+            let stroke = |color: u32, width: f32| {
+                edges.iter().map(move |e| {
+                    let mut line = [0.0; 8];
+                    line[..6].copy_from_slice(e);
+                    line[6] = f32::from_bits(color);
+                    line[7] = width;
+                    line
+                })
+            };
+            let lines: Vec<[f32; 8]> = if frame.outline_high_contrast {
+                stroke(0xff00_0000, 7.0)
+                    .chain(stroke(0xff57_ffe1, width))
+                    .collect()
+            } else {
+                stroke(0x6600_0000, width).collect()
+            };
             self.uploads
                 .buffer(&mut encoder, &self.outline, 0, bytemuck::cast_slice(&lines));
         }
@@ -3982,6 +4043,7 @@ impl Renderer {
             water_mask_quads,
             shadow_quads,
             translucent_particle_quads,
+            translucent_item_quads,
         ] = self
             .entity_batch
             .update(entities, frame.additive, frame.hand, frame.see_through);
@@ -3991,7 +4053,8 @@ impl Renderer {
             + translucent_crumbling_quads
             + water_mask_quads
             + shadow_quads
-            + translucent_particle_quads;
+            + translucent_particle_quads
+            + translucent_item_quads;
         let cloud_quads = if let Some(input) = &frame.clouds {
             let (rebuilt, uniform) =
                 crate::spans::time("clouds", || self.cloud_mesh.prepare(input));
@@ -4514,6 +4577,17 @@ impl Renderer {
                 pass.draw_indexed(0..entity_quads * 6, 0, 0..1);
                 pass.set_bind_group(0, &self.group, &[]);
             }
+            if translucent_item_quads > 0 {
+                pass.set_pipeline(&self.translucent_item_pipeline);
+                pass.set_bind_group(0, &self.entity_group, &[]);
+                pass.set_vertex_buffer(0, self.entity_buffer.slice(..));
+                pass.draw_indexed(
+                    0..translucent_item_quads * 6,
+                    ((world_quads - translucent_item_quads) * 4) as i32,
+                    0..1,
+                );
+                pass.set_bind_group(0, &self.group, &[]);
+            }
             if !pack_draws_weather {
                 self.weather.draw(&mut pass, &self.entity_group);
             }
@@ -4531,7 +4605,11 @@ impl Renderer {
                 pass.set_vertex_buffer(0, self.entity_buffer.slice(..));
                 pass.draw_indexed(
                     0..shadow_quads * 6,
-                    ((world_quads - translucent_particle_quads - shadow_quads) * 4) as i32,
+                    ((world_quads
+                        - translucent_item_quads
+                        - translucent_particle_quads
+                        - shadow_quads)
+                        * 4) as i32,
                     0..1,
                 );
                 pass.set_bind_group(0, &self.group, &[]);
@@ -4563,9 +4641,7 @@ impl Renderer {
                 pass.set_bind_group(0, &self.group, &[]);
             }
             if outline_edges > 0 && !frame.outline_after_terrain {
-                pass.set_pipeline(&self.lines);
-                pass.set_vertex_buffer(0, self.outline.slice(..));
-                pass.draw(0..4, 0..outline_edges as u32);
+                self.draw_outline(&mut pass, outline_edges as u32, frame.outline_high_contrast);
             }
             if debug_depth > 0 {
                 pass.set_pipeline(&self.debug_lines);
@@ -4612,7 +4688,8 @@ impl Renderer {
                 pass.set_vertex_buffer(0, self.entity_buffer.slice(..));
                 pass.draw_indexed(
                     0..translucent_particle_quads * 6,
-                    ((world_quads - translucent_particle_quads) * 4) as i32,
+                    ((world_quads - translucent_item_quads - translucent_particle_quads) * 4)
+                        as i32,
                     0..1,
                 );
                 pass.set_bind_group(0, &self.group, &[]);
@@ -4620,9 +4697,7 @@ impl Renderer {
             // LevelRenderer.executeClassicTransparency: translucent targets'
             // outlines follow terrain, so its blending cannot wash them out.
             if outline_edges > 0 && frame.outline_after_terrain {
-                pass.set_pipeline(&self.lines);
-                pass.set_vertex_buffer(0, self.outline.slice(..));
-                pass.draw(0..4, 0..outline_edges as u32);
+                self.draw_outline(&mut pass, outline_edges as u32, frame.outline_high_contrast);
             }
             pass.set_index_buffer(self.indices.slice(..), wgpu::IndexFormat::Uint32);
             // LevelRenderer: the world border after translucent terrain and weather.
@@ -5241,7 +5316,7 @@ mod tests {
         let mut batch = super::EntityBatch::default();
         let counts = batch.update(&entities, &quad(3, 5), &quad(0, 6), &quad(0, 8));
         let vertices = &batch.combined;
-        assert_eq!(counts, [4, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1]);
+        assert_eq!(counts, [4, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0]);
         assert_eq!(
             vertices
                 .as_chunks::<4>()
@@ -5477,11 +5552,6 @@ mod tests {
     }
 }
 
-pub(crate) fn sprite_mipmap_limit(requested: u32, size: u32, minimum: u32, available: u32) -> u32 {
-    // Only the atlas native minimum determines how many resampling-only mips to skip.
-    let upscale = (size / minimum.max(1)).max(1).ilog2();
-    requested.saturating_add(upscale).min(available - 1)
-}
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod sprite_upload_tests {
     use super::*;
@@ -5542,13 +5612,6 @@ mod sprite_upload_tests {
         }
     }
     #[test]
-    fn mipmap_option_keeps_real_16px_reductions() {
-        for levels in 0..=4 {
-            assert_eq!(sprite_mipmap_limit(levels, 32, 16, 6), levels + 1);
-            assert_eq!(sprite_mipmap_limit(levels, 16, 16, 5), levels);
-        }
-    }
-    #[test]
     fn prepared_texture_uploads_preserve_layer_order_and_settings() {
         let size = 4;
         let layers = 5;

crates/horizon-client/src/gfx/entity_batch.rs

@@ -5,14 +5,20 @@ use super::Vertex;
 /// ordinary entities, breaking cracks (11), translucent breaking cracks (12),
 /// the boat water mask (13, `RenderPipelines.WATER_MASK`), entity shadows
 /// (14, `RenderPipelines.ENTITY_SHADOW`) and translucent-layer particles (15,
-/// drawn after translucent terrain: `SubmitNodeCollection.submitQuadParticleGroup`).
-const MATERIALS: usize = 6;
+/// drawn after translucent terrain: `SubmitNodeCollection.submitQuadParticleGroup`)
+/// and translucent item quads (32, drawn without depth writes).
+const MATERIALS: usize = 7;
 /// The overlay of depth-only quads that hide water (`RenderTypes.waterMask`).
 pub const WATER_MASK_OVERLAY: u32 = 13;
 /// The overlay of entity shadow quads (`RenderTypes.entityShadow`).
 pub const SHADOW_OVERLAY: u32 = 14;
 /// The overlay of translucent-layer particles (`SingleQuadParticle.Layer.translucent`).
 pub const TRANSLUCENT_PARTICLE_OVERLAY: u32 = 15;
+/// The overlay of item quads with translucent pixels (`Sheets.translucentItemSheet`,
+/// `RenderPipelines.ITEM_TRANSLUCENT`); past the creeper swell range (16 to 31).
+pub const TRANSLUCENT_ITEM_OVERLAY: u32 = 32;
+/// A translucent item with an enchantment glint.
+pub const TRANSLUCENT_GLINT_ITEM_OVERLAY: u32 = 33;
 
 #[derive(Default)]
 pub(super) struct EntityBatch {
@@ -45,6 +51,7 @@ impl EntityBatch {
                 WATER_MASK_OVERLAY => 3,
                 SHADOW_OVERLAY => 4,
                 TRANSLUCENT_PARTICLE_OVERLAY => 5,
+                TRANSLUCENT_ITEM_OVERLAY | TRANSLUCENT_GLINT_ITEM_OVERLAY => 6,
                 _ => 0,
             };
             self.buckets[material][counts[material]] = index;

crates/horizon-client/src/gizmos.rs

@@ -204,6 +204,19 @@ impl Gizmos {
             position[1] + f64::from(size.1),
             position[2] + half,
         ];
+        self.entity_box(min, max, position, eye_height, living, view);
+    }
+    /// The same for an entity whose box is not centred on its position
+    /// (a painting or an item frame): `min` and `max` are the box.
+    pub fn entity_box(
+        &mut self,
+        min: [f64; 3],
+        max: [f64; 3],
+        position: [f64; 3],
+        eye_height: f32,
+        living: bool,
+        view: (f32, f32),
+    ) {
         self.cuboid(min, max, WHITE, STROKE_WIDTH);
         if living {
             let eye = min[1] + f64::from(eye_height);

crates/horizon-client/src/hdr.wgsl

@@ -32,14 +32,15 @@ const STRENGTH: f32 = 0.7;
 
 // Whether `c` still shows the world pixel `w`: the same, or darkened evenly
 // across its channels, as the vignette and other screen-wide tints darken it.
-// The hand, HUD and text replace pixels instead, so they never pass.
+// The hand, HUD and text replace pixels instead, so they never pass. The
+// channels are held to one factor, the ratio of their sums, so a channel at 0
+// stays 0; a step of 8-bit rounding is allowed on each.
 fn shows_world(c: vec3<f32>, w: vec3<f32>) -> bool {
     if all(c == w) {
         return true;
     }
-    let k = c / max(w, vec3(1.0 / 255.0));
-    let mean = (k.r + k.g + k.b) / 3.0;
-    return mean <= 1.01 && mean > 0.5 && all(abs(k - vec3(mean)) < vec3(0.03));
+    let f = (c.r + c.g + c.b) / max(w.r + w.g + w.b, 1.0 / 255.0);
+    return f <= 1.01 && f > 0.5 && all(abs(c - f * w) <= 0.03 * w + 1.0 / 255.0);
 }
 
 // Linear BT.709 to BT.2020 (ITU-R BT.2087), columns first.
@@ -69,7 +70,10 @@ fn pq(nits: vec3<f32>) -> vec3<f32> {
     // The world's alpha is 0 on light-emitting blocks, the sun and the moon
     // (terrain.wgsl, the celestial pipeline): only those shine.
     if params.world > 0.5 && params.peak > 1.0 && w.a < 0.75 && shows_world(c, w.rgb) {
-        let y = 0.5 * (dot(light, vec3(0.2126, 0.7152, 0.0722)) + max(light.r, max(light.g, light.b)));
+        // Brightness of the world pixel, before the vignette darkens the frame
+        // toward its edges: a light source shines the same anywhere on screen.
+        let wl = pow(max(w.rgb, vec3(0.0)), vec3(2.2));
+        let y = 0.5 * (dot(wl, vec3(0.2126, 0.7152, 0.0722)) + max(wl.r, max(wl.g, wl.b)));
         let lift = smoothstep(LIFT_START, LIFT_FULL, y);
         if lift > 0.0 {
             let top = max(light.r, max(light.g, light.b));

crates/horizon-client/src/health.rs

@@ -29,12 +29,22 @@ pub(crate) type State = HurtState<DamageTypeId>;
 pub struct HealthRules {
     pub difficulty: Difficulty,
     pub natural_regeneration: bool,
+    /// The `drowning_damage`, `fall_damage`, `fire_damage` and
+    /// `freeze_damage` rules `Player.isInvulnerableTo` reads.
+    pub drowning_damage: bool,
+    pub fall_damage: bool,
+    pub fire_damage: bool,
+    pub freeze_damage: bool,
 }
 impl Default for HealthRules {
     fn default() -> Self {
         Self {
             difficulty: Difficulty::Normal,
             natural_regeneration: true,
+            drowning_damage: true,
+            fall_damage: true,
+            fire_damage: true,
+            freeze_damage: true,
         }
     }
 }
@@ -633,8 +643,13 @@ impl ImmunityWorld for Environment<'_> {
     fn enchantment_immunity(&mut self) -> io::Result<bool> {
         Ok(false)
     }
-    fn damage_rule(&mut self, _: DamageRule) -> io::Result<bool> {
-        Ok(true)
+    fn damage_rule(&mut self, rule: DamageRule) -> io::Result<bool> {
+        Ok(match rule {
+            DamageRule::Drowning => self.rules.drowning_damage,
+            DamageRule::Fall => self.rules.fall_damage,
+            DamageRule::Fire => self.rules.fire_damage,
+            DamageRule::Freeze => self.rules.freeze_damage,
+        })
     }
     fn changing_dimension(&mut self) -> io::Result<bool> {
         Ok(false)
@@ -860,6 +875,31 @@ mod tests {
         assert!(!third.hurt && !third.knockback);
     }
 
+    /// #2141: an arrow that takes the last of the player's health must kill
+    /// them: `LivingEntity.hurt` leaves the health at zero and `Player.die`
+    /// follows.
+    #[test]
+    fn an_arrow_kills_a_player_at_one_health() {
+        let root = std::path::Path::new(env!("CARGO_MANIFEST_DIR"))
+            .join("../../.local/horizon-client")
+            .join(horizon_core::VANILLA_VERSION);
+        if !root.join("movement-properties.nbt").exists() {
+            return;
+        }
+        let assets = crate::assets::Assets::load(&root).unwrap();
+        let resources = crate::motion::MotionResources::load(&root, &assets).unwrap();
+        let mut player =
+            crate::motion::PlayerMotion::new(&resources, horizon_core::geometry::Vec3::ZERO)
+                .unwrap();
+        player.set_health(1.0, false).unwrap();
+        let (health, rules) = (&resources.health, super::HealthRules::default());
+        let id = health.damage.id("minecraft:arrow").unwrap();
+        let hurt = player.hurt(health, rules, id, 5.0).unwrap();
+        assert!(hurt, "the arrow must hurt");
+        assert_eq!(player.health.health(), 0.0, "the health must be spent");
+        assert!(player.health.dead_or_dying(), "the player must be dead");
+    }
+
     #[test]
     fn hurt_sounds_follow_damage_effects() {
         // DamageEffects: HURT, THORNS, DROWNING, BURNING, POKING, FREEZING.

crates/horizon-client/src/hud.rs

@@ -912,6 +912,8 @@ impl HudBatch {
         // StringDecomposer.iterateFormatted inside Font.drawInternal:
         // `§` codes inside a span restyle what follows and are not drawn.
         let text = text.resolved();
+        // Language.getVisualOrder: shaped and reordered for right-to-left text.
+        let text = crate::bidi::visual(&text);
         let font = &atlas.font;
         let alpha = (color >> 24) as u8;
         let mut glyphs = Vec::new();

crates/horizon-client/src/item_render.rs

@@ -46,6 +46,9 @@ pub struct ItemQuad {
     pub foil: Foil,
     /// `MaterialInfo.lightEmission` (block light floor).
     pub light_emission: u8,
+    /// The quad's sprite has translucent pixels (`MaterialInfo.itemRenderType`
+    /// is a translucent sheet): drawn with the translucent entities.
+    pub translucent: bool,
 }
 /// Which glint render type a quad uses.
 #[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
@@ -159,7 +162,7 @@ impl ItemRenderState {
             let m = pose * layer.matrix;
             match &layer.geometry {
                 LayerGeometry::Quads(baked) => {
-                    submit_quads(baked, layer, self.display, m, sprites, sink);
+                    submit_quads(renderer, baked, layer, self.display, m, sprites, sink);
                 }
                 LayerGeometry::Special { model, argument } => special::submit(
                     renderer,
@@ -203,6 +206,7 @@ pub fn argb(color: i32) -> u32 {
 
 /// `ItemFeatureRenderer.prepareMainSubmit` for one cuboid layer.
 fn submit_quads(
+    renderer: &ItemRenderer,
     baked: &BakedItemModel,
     layer: &LayerRender,
     display: DisplayContext,
@@ -216,6 +220,8 @@ fn submit_quads(
         FoilType::Special => Foil::Special,
     };
     let _ = display;
+    // Quads of one layer mostly share a sprite: look its translucency up once.
+    let mut last: Option<(&str, bool)> = None;
     for q in &baked.quads {
         let Some(r) = sprites
             .get(sprite_name(&q.material.sprite))
@@ -239,6 +245,16 @@ fn submit_quads(
         let pos = q.positions.map(|p| m.transform_point3(Vec3::from(p)));
         let uv =
             q.uv.map(|[u, v]| [r.u0 + (r.u1 - r.u0) * u, r.v0 + (r.v1 - r.v0) * v]);
+        let translucent = match last {
+            Some((sprite, translucent)) if sprite == q.material.sprite => translucent,
+            _ => {
+                let translucent = renderer
+                    .sprites
+                    .translucent(sprite_name(&q.material.sprite));
+                last = Some((&q.material.sprite, translucent));
+                translucent
+            }
+        };
         sink.quad(ItemQuad {
             pos,
             uv,
@@ -246,6 +262,7 @@ fn submit_quads(
             color: argb(color),
             foil,
             light_emission: q.light_emission,
+            translucent: translucent || q.material.force_translucent,
         });
     }
 }
@@ -260,6 +277,9 @@ struct FileSprites {
     root: PathBuf,
     permutations: Vec<PalettedPermutations>,
     cache: Mutex<HashMap<String, Option<SpriteMask>>>,
+    /// Sprites with a pixel that is neither fully transparent nor opaque
+    /// (`Transparency.hasTranslucent`), filled in as sprites load.
+    translucent: Mutex<HashMap<String, bool>>,
 }
 impl SpriteLookup for FileSprites {
     fn mask(&self, sprite: &str) -> Option<SpriteMask> {
@@ -283,6 +303,13 @@ fn argb_pixels(rgba: &[u8]) -> Vec<u32> {
         .collect()
 }
 impl FileSprites {
+    fn translucent(&self, sprite: &str) -> bool {
+        let known = |this: &Self| this.translucent.lock().ok()?.get(sprite).copied();
+        known(self).unwrap_or_else(|| {
+            self.mask(sprite);
+            known(self).unwrap_or(false)
+        })
+    }
     fn png(&self, sprite: &str, directory: &str) -> PathBuf {
         crate::atlas_sources::texture_path(&self.root, sprite, directory)
     }
@@ -303,6 +330,10 @@ impl FileSprites {
                 (w, h, pixels)
             }
         };
+        let translucent = argb.iter().any(|p| matches!(p >> 24, 1..=254));
+        if let Ok(mut cache) = self.translucent.lock() {
+            cache.insert(sprite.to_owned(), translucent);
+        }
         let alpha: Vec<u8> = argb.iter().map(|p| (p >> 24) as u8).collect();
         let animation = fs::read_to_string(png.with_extension("png.mcmeta"))
             .ok()
@@ -452,6 +483,7 @@ impl ItemRenderer {
                 root: root.to_path_buf(),
                 permutations,
                 cache: Mutex::default(),
+                translucent: Mutex::default(),
             },
             baked: Mutex::default(),
             extents: Mutex::default(),
@@ -694,7 +726,12 @@ impl ItemSink for WorldSink<'_> {
         } else {
             self.light
         };
-        let overlay = if q.foil == Foil::None { 0 } else { 7 };
+        let overlay = match (q.foil, q.translucent) {
+            (Foil::None, true) => crate::gfx::TRANSLUCENT_ITEM_OVERLAY,
+            (Foil::None, false) => 0,
+            (_, true) => crate::gfx::TRANSLUCENT_GLINT_ITEM_OVERLAY,
+            (_, false) => 7,
+        };
         for (p, uv) in q.pos.iter().zip(q.uv) {
             self.out.push(Vertex {
                 normal: [0; 4],

crates/horizon-client/src/item_render/gui.rs

@@ -358,6 +358,7 @@ mod tests {
             color,
             foil: Foil::None,
             light_emission: 0,
+            translucent: false,
         }
     }
 

crates/horizon-client/src/item_render/special.rs

@@ -119,6 +119,7 @@ fn draw(
             color,
             foil,
             light_emission: 0,
+            translucent: false,
         });
     }
     for (child_name, child) in &part.children {

crates/horizon-client/src/lan/guest.rs

@@ -2,7 +2,12 @@
 //! player state (inventory, health, game mode) that the host's gameplay code
 //! operates on when it acts for them.
 use super::{Joined, PlayerSender, entity::Tracker};
-use crate::{items::ItemStack, motion::PlayerMotion};
+use crate::{
+    items::ItemStack,
+    motion::PlayerMotion,
+    pose::{Dimensions, Pose},
+};
+use horizon_core::geometry::{Aabb, Vec3};
 use horizon_protocol::{
     item::Stack,
     packets::{configuration::ClientInformation, play},
@@ -407,8 +412,41 @@ impl Guest {
         }
         f
     }
+    /// `Player.getDesiredPose`: sleeping, gliding, then the body's own pose
+    /// (swimming, crawling, crouching) once its server tick has run.
+    pub fn pose(&self) -> Pose {
+        if self.sleeping {
+            Pose::Sleeping
+        } else if self.fall_flying {
+            Pose::FallFlying
+        } else if let Some(m) = &self.motion {
+            m.pose
+        } else if self.sneaking && !self.flying {
+            Pose::Crouching
+        } else {
+            Pose::Standing
+        }
+    }
+    /// `Avatar.POSES` for the guest's pose, with its scale attribute.
+    pub fn dimensions(&self) -> Dimensions {
+        let pose = self.pose();
+        match &self.motion {
+            Some(m) if m.pose == pose => m.dimensions,
+            _ => pose.dimensions(1.0),
+        }
+    }
+    /// `Entity.getBoundingBox`.
+    pub fn bounds(&self) -> Aabb {
+        let [x, y, z] = self.position;
+        let d = self.dimensions();
+        let half = f64::from(d.width) / 2.0;
+        Aabb::new(
+            Vec3::new(x - half, y, z - half),
+            Vec3::new(x + half, y + f64::from(d.height), z + half),
+        )
+    }
     pub fn eye_height(&self) -> f64 {
-        if self.sneaking { 1.27 } else { 1.62 }
+        f64::from(self.dimensions().eye_height)
     }
     /// `Player.isWithinBlockInteractionRange(pos, buffer)` for the guest:
     /// its block interaction range is 4.5, 5 in creative.

crates/horizon-client/src/lan/hub.rs

@@ -2344,18 +2344,8 @@ impl Hub {
         }
         // getBoundingBox: the box of the body's pose (swimming and crawling
         // are 0.6 tall), so a swimmer under a ceiling isn't sent back.
-        let (half, height) = if g.fall_flying {
-            (0.3, 0.6)
-        } else if let Some(m) = &g.motion {
-            (
-                f64::from(m.dimensions.width) / 2.0,
-                f64::from(m.dimensions.height),
-            )
-        } else if g.sneaking {
-            (0.3, 1.5)
-        } else {
-            (0.3, 1.8)
-        };
+        let d = g.dimensions();
+        let (half, height) = (f64::from(d.width) / 2.0, f64::from(d.height));
         let at = |p: [f64; 3]| {
             Aabb::new(
                 Vec3::new(p[0] - half, p[1], p[2] - half),

crates/horizon-client/src/lib.rs

@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ pub mod auto_jump;
 pub mod banner;
 pub mod beehive;
 pub mod benchmark;
+pub mod bidi;
 pub mod biome;
 pub mod block_entities;
 pub mod block_entity_anim;
@@ -74,6 +75,7 @@ pub mod fog;
 pub mod font;
 pub mod friends_screen;
 pub mod game_mode_switcher;
+pub mod game_rules_screen;
 pub mod gamepad;
 pub mod gfx;
 pub mod gizmos;

crates/horizon-client/src/menu.rs

@@ -3211,4 +3211,64 @@ pub(crate) mod tests {
             assert_eq!(menu.slot(0), stack("dirt", 1).as_ref());
         });
     }
+
+    /// #1737: a Shift+Right-Click quick move in a chest (a double chest's
+    /// 54 slots) moves the stack and leaves the menu's state clean, so the
+    /// next quick move still moves its stack and the inventory still
+    /// answers.
+    #[test]
+    fn a_chest_quick_move_keeps_the_next_one_working() {
+        with_menu(Kind::Chest(6), |env, menu| {
+            menu.creative = false;
+            // The hotbar holds two stacks; the chest is empty.
+            menu.set_slot(env, 81, stack("cobblestone", 64));
+            menu.set_slot(env, 82, stack("dirt", 32));
+            // Shift+Right-Click on the hotbar: the stack goes into the chest.
+            menu.click(env, 81, 1, Input::QuickMove).unwrap();
+            assert_eq!(menu.slot(81), None);
+            assert_eq!(menu.slot(0).map(|s| s.count), Some(64));
+            // Nothing is left on the cursor and no quick craft is running.
+            assert_eq!(menu.carried, None);
+            assert_eq!(menu.quick_status, 0);
+            // The next quick move still works.
+            menu.click(env, 82, 1, Input::QuickMove).unwrap();
+            assert_eq!(menu.slot(82), None);
+            assert_eq!(menu.slot(1).map(|s| s.count), Some(32));
+            assert_eq!(menu.carried, None);
+            assert_eq!(menu.quick_status, 0);
+        });
+    }
+
+    /// #1832: a potion taken from the creative inventory and put in the
+    /// hotbar keeps its `PotionContents` (the brew), as vanilla's
+    /// `PotionContents.createItemStack` builds it: the item tab's stack is
+    /// the real one, and the hotbar slot holds it as it is.
+    #[test]
+    fn a_creative_potion_keeps_its_contents_in_the_hotbar() {
+        let snbt = r#"{components:{"minecraft:potion_contents":{potion:"minecraft:swiftness"}},count:1,id:"minecraft:potion"}"#;
+        let potion = crate::item_data::parse_stack(snbt).unwrap().unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(potion.potion(), Some("minecraft:swiftness"));
+        // The creative screen hands the stack over...
+        let mut carried = None;
+        crate::creative::click_display(
+            &mut carried,
+            Some(&potion),
+            |_: &ItemStack| 1,
+            0,
+            Input::Pickup,
+        );
+        assert_eq!(
+            carried.as_ref().and_then(|s| s.potion()),
+            Some("minecraft:swiftness")
+        );
+        // ... and the hotbar slot keeps it: it is not the uncraftable
+        // potion, which is a `minecraft:potion` with no contents at all.
+        with_menu(Kind::ItemPicker, |env, menu| {
+            menu.carried = carried;
+            menu.click(env, 45, 0, Input::Pickup).unwrap();
+            let in_hand = menu.slot(45).expect("the hotbar slot");
+            assert_eq!(in_hand.potion(), Some("minecraft:swiftness"));
+            assert_eq!(&*in_hand.item, "minecraft:potion");
+        });
+    }
 }

crates/horizon-client/src/mobs.rs

@@ -527,6 +527,8 @@ pub enum DamageKind {
     InWall,
     Thorns,
     SonicBoom,
+    /// `freeze`: a fully frozen mob in powder snow.
+    Freeze,
     /// `fell_out_of_world`: below the world's floor.
     OutOfWorld,
 }
@@ -596,6 +598,7 @@ impl Damage {
                 | DamageKind::InWall
                 | DamageKind::Generic
                 | DamageKind::SonicBoom
+                | DamageKind::Freeze
                 | DamageKind::OutOfWorld
         )
     }
@@ -620,6 +623,7 @@ impl Damage {
                 | DamageKind::Cactus
                 | DamageKind::Generic
                 | DamageKind::InWall
+                | DamageKind::Freeze
                 | DamageKind::OutOfWorld
         )
     }
@@ -646,6 +650,9 @@ pub struct Attrs {
 pub struct Extra {
     /// Players: crouching and riding (HumanoidModel's poses).
     pub crouching: bool,
+    /// A player's or mannequin's synced pose (`Entity.DATA_POSE`), which
+    /// sets its box (`Avatar.POSES`).
+    pub avatar_pose: crate::pose::Pose,
     /// Players: sprinting (`Entity.DATA_SHARED_FLAGS_ID`), for the dust they raise.
     pub sprinting: bool,
     pub passenger: bool,
@@ -904,6 +911,12 @@ pub enum MobEvent {
         mob: u32,
         at: [f64; 3],
     },
+    /// `LivingEntity.baseTick`'s drowning damage: entity event 67, the
+    /// clients' `makeDrownParticles`.
+    Drown {
+        mob: u32,
+        at: [f64; 3],
+    },
     Sound(&'static str, [f64; 3], f32, f32),
     /// `ChestBlockEntity.startOpen` / `stopOpen` by a copper golem: the
     /// chest's opener count goes up or down (interaction range 3).
@@ -1307,6 +1320,8 @@ pub struct Seen {
     pub active_raid: bool,
     /// A copper golem's `openedChestPos` (`ContainerUser.hasContainerOpen`).
     pub opened_chest: Option<[i32; 3]>,
+    /// `isPassenger`.
+    pub passenger: bool,
     /// A villager's reputation of the player (`getPlayerReputation`).
     pub player_rep: i32,
     /// `isPushable` and pushed by others (`Entity.push(Entity)` moves it).
@@ -1355,6 +1370,10 @@ impl Mob {
             .max((f64::from(ticks) * self.burning_time()).ceil() as i32);
         self.ticks_frozen = 0;
     }
+    /// `Entity.isFullyFrozen`.
+    pub fn is_fully_frozen(&self) -> bool {
+        self.ticks_frozen >= crate::motion::PlayerMotion::TICKS_REQUIRED_TO_FREEZE
+    }
 
     /// What other mobs see of this one this tick (`player`: the player's
     /// UUID, which villagers' reputation is keyed by).
@@ -1394,6 +1413,7 @@ impl Mob {
             hurt_by: m.ai.last_hurt_by.map(|w| (w, m.ai.last_hurt_by_time)),
             active_raid: raider::has_active_raid(m),
             opened_chest: m.extra.opened_chest,
+            passenger: m.extra.mount.is_some(),
             player_rep: match (villager, player) {
                 (true, Some(uuid)) => villager::ext(m).map_or(0, |e| e.gossips.reputation(uuid)),
                 _ => 0,
@@ -1573,6 +1593,8 @@ pub struct PlayerView {
     /// A LAN guest: its own client moves it, and touching mobs push it there
     /// (`EntitySelector.pushableBy` on the client).
     pub remote: bool,
+    /// `isPassenger`.
+    pub passenger: bool,
 }
 impl PlayerView {
     /// `LivingEntity.hasEffect`, by id without namespace.
@@ -1833,6 +1855,15 @@ impl Mob {
         {
             amount *= 0.75;
         }
+        // LivingEntity.hurtServer: `#freeze_hurts_extra_types` take five times.
+        if source.kind == DamageKind::Freeze
+            && matches!(
+                self.species(),
+                Species::Strider | Species::Blaze | Species::MagmaCube
+            )
+        {
+            amount *= 5.0;
+        }
         let (worn, worn_toughness) = self.worn_armor();
         if !source.bypasses_armor() && self.kind.armor + worn > 0.0 {
             // CombatRules.getDamageAfterAbsorb
@@ -1894,7 +1925,7 @@ impl Mob {
             let dead = !self.alive();
             let sound = ai::voice_sounds(self)[if dead { 2 } else { 1 }];
             if !dead {
-                self.ambient_timer = -self.kind.ambient_interval;
+                self.ambient_timer = -self.ambient_interval();
             }
             if !sound.is_empty() {
                 let pitch = self.voice_pitch();
@@ -2004,10 +2035,30 @@ impl Mob {
         let at = [self.position.x, self.eye_y(), self.position.z];
         events.push(MobEvent::Sound(event, at, 1.0, 1.0));
     }
+    /// `Mob.getAmbientSoundInterval`; `HappyGhast` waits six times as long
+    /// while it carries a passenger.
+    pub fn ambient_interval(&self) -> i32 {
+        let ridden = self.rider.is_some() || self.extra.rider.is_some();
+        if self.species() == Species::HappyGhast && ridden {
+            self.kind.ambient_interval * 6
+        } else {
+            self.kind.ambient_interval
+        }
+    }
     /// LivingEntity.getVoicePitch.
     pub fn voice_pitch(&mut self) -> f32 {
+        // HappyGhast.getVoicePitch: always 1.0, babies and all.
+        if self.species() == Species::HappyGhast {
+            return 1.0;
+        }
+        // ZombieVillager.getVoicePitch: babies are 2.0, not 1.5.
+        let baby = if self.species() == Species::ZombieVillager {
+            2.0
+        } else {
+            1.5
+        };
         let pitch = (self.random.next_float() - self.random.next_float()) * 0.2
-            + if self.is_baby() { 1.5 } else { 1.0 };
+            + if self.is_baby() { baby } else { 1.0 };
         // Bat.getVoicePitch: a little lower.
         if self.species() == Species::Bat {
             pitch * 0.95

crates/horizon-client/src/mobs/ai.rs

@@ -185,9 +185,35 @@ pub fn register(m: &mut Mob) {
             if m.species() == Species::Rabbit {
                 super::rabbit::register(m);
             }
+            if m.species() == Species::Frog {
+                // `Frog()`: SmoothSwimmingMoveControl(85, 10, 0.02, 0.1, true).
+                // The speed attribute is 1.0, so the controller's scaling is
+                // what keeps a frog at a walking pace on land.
+                m.ai.mov.kind = super::control::MoveKind::SmoothSwimming {
+                    max_turn_x: 85.0,
+                    max_turn_y: 10.0,
+                    in_water: 0.02,
+                    outside: 0.1,
+                    gravity: true,
+                };
+            }
             if m.species() == Species::Turtle {
                 super::turtle::register(m);
             }
+            if m.species() == Species::Frog {
+                // `Frog()`: SmoothSwimmingMoveControl(85, 10, 0.02, 0.1, true).
+                // The frog's movement speed is 1.0, so the controller's 0.1
+                // outside-water speed is what keeps a walking frog at
+                // vanilla's pace; the plain ground controller walks ten
+                // times too fast (#2213).
+                m.ai.mov.kind = super::control::MoveKind::SmoothSwimming {
+                    max_turn_x: 85.0,
+                    max_turn_y: 10.0,
+                    in_water: 0.02,
+                    outside: 0.1,
+                    gravity: true,
+                };
+            }
         }
         Family::Inert => {}
         Family::Witch => super::witch::register(m),
@@ -307,6 +333,20 @@ fn generic(m: &mut Mob) {
         m.ai.targets.add(1, HurtByTarget::new());
         m.ai.targets.add(2, NearestTarget::player(true));
     } else {
+        if m.kind.species == Species::Goat {
+            // GoatAi's idle and core behaviours (the ram and long jump
+            // activities are not here): panic 2.0, AnimalMakeLove, tempting
+            // with goat_food and baby follow at 1.25, then stroll.
+            g.add(0, Float);
+            g.add(1, Panic::new(2.0));
+            g.add(2, Breed::new(1.0));
+            g.add(3, Tempt::new(1.25, m.kind.food.clone(), false));
+            g.add(4, FollowParent::new(1.25));
+            g.add(5, Stroll::avoiding_water(1.0));
+            g.add(6, LookAtPlayer::new(6.0));
+            g.add(7, RandomLookAround::default());
+            return;
+        }
         g.add(0, Float);
         let rabbit = m.kind.species == Species::Rabbit;
         g.add(1, Panic::new(if rabbit { 2.2 } else { 1.25 }));
@@ -448,6 +488,16 @@ pub fn tick_swing(m: &mut Mob) {
     }
     m.anim.attack_anim = m.ai.swing_time as f32 / 6.0;
 }
+/// `Entity.isInRain`: rain at the block position, or at the top of the box.
+pub(super) fn in_rain(m: &Mob, w: &MobWorld) -> bool {
+    let (x, y, z) = (
+        m.position.x.floor() as i32,
+        m.position.y.floor() as i32,
+        m.position.z.floor() as i32,
+    );
+    let top = (m.position.y + f64::from(m.height())).floor() as i32;
+    w.raining_at(x, y, z) || w.raining_at(x, top, z)
+}
 /// `LivingEntity.baseTick` refills a breather's air by 4, then
 /// `Axolotl.handleAirSupply` (unless the mob has no AI): water or rain fills
 /// it, anywhere else it runs down from the pre-tick value, and at -20 the
@@ -458,15 +508,7 @@ fn axolotl_air_supply(m: &mut Mob, w: &MobWorld) {
     if m.no_ai {
         return;
     }
-    // Entity.isInRain: rain at the block, or at the top of the box.
-    let (x, y, z) = (
-        m.position.x.floor() as i32,
-        m.position.y.floor() as i32,
-        m.position.z.floor() as i32,
-    );
-    let top = (m.position.y + f64::from(m.height())).floor() as i32;
-    let in_rain = w.raining_at(x, y, z) || w.raining_at(x, top, z);
-    if m.fluids.in_water || in_rain {
+    if m.fluids.in_water || in_rain(m, w) {
         m.air = super::axolotl::MAX_AIR;
     } else {
         m.air = before - 1;
@@ -494,8 +536,9 @@ fn base_tick(m: &mut Mob, w: &MobWorld, events: &mut Vec<MobEvent>) {
         );
         m.damage(fire, Damage::of(DamageKind::InFire));
     }
-    // Fire: water extinguishes, lava ignites, burning hurts every second.
-    if m.fluids.in_water && m.fire_ticks > 0 {
+    // Fire: water or rain (Entity.isInRain) extinguishes, lava ignites,
+    // burning hurts every second.
+    if m.fire_ticks > 0 && (m.fluids.in_water || in_rain(m, w)) {
         m.fire_ticks = 0;
         events.push(MobEvent::Sound(
             "entity.generic.extinguish_fire",
@@ -524,14 +567,19 @@ fn base_tick(m: &mut Mob, w: &MobWorld, events: &mut Vec<MobEvent>) {
     }
     m.first_tick = false;
     if m.alive() {
-        // LivingEntity.baseTick: suffocation inside full blocks.
+        // LivingEntity.baseTick: suffocation inside full blocks. Entity.isInWall
+        // is false under noPhysics, which Vex.tick holds while it ticks.
         let (ex, ey, ez) = (
             m.position.x.floor() as i32,
             m.eye_y().floor() as i32,
             m.position.z.floor() as i32,
         );
         let at_eye = w.facts.get(w.world.block(ex, ey, ez));
-        if at_eye.full_collision && at_eye.solid_render && m.width() < 1.0 {
+        if at_eye.full_collision
+            && at_eye.solid_render
+            && m.width() < 1.0
+            && m.species() != Species::Vex
+        {
             m.damage(1.0, Damage::of(DamageKind::InWall));
         }
         // Air supply and drowning (WaterAnimal.handleAirSupply for aquatic mobs).
@@ -551,17 +599,20 @@ fn base_tick(m: &mut Mob, w: &MobWorld, events: &mut Vec<MobEvent>) {
             m.air -= 1;
             if m.air == -20 {
                 m.air = 0;
+                events.push(MobEvent::Drown {
+                    mob: m.id,
+                    at: [m.position.x, m.position.y, m.position.z],
+                });
                 m.damage(2.0, Damage::of(DamageKind::Drown));
             }
         } else if m.air < 300 {
             m.air = (m.air + 4).min(300);
         }
 
-        if m.kind.flags.water_sensitive
-            && (m.fluids.in_water || w.raining && w.can_see_sky(ex, ey, ez))
-        {
+        if m.kind.flags.water_sensitive && (m.fluids.in_water || in_rain(m, w)) {
             m.damage(1.0, Damage::of(DamageKind::Drown));
         }
+        freeze_tick(m, w);
     }
     tick_effects(m);
     if m.species() == Species::Illusioner {
@@ -584,13 +635,64 @@ fn base_tick(m: &mut Mob, w: &MobWorld, events: &mut Vec<MobEvent>) {
         let t = m.ambient_timer;
         m.ambient_timer += 1;
         if roll < t {
-            m.ambient_timer = -m.kind.ambient_interval;
+            m.ambient_timer = -m.ambient_interval();
             play_ambient(m, w, events);
         }
     }
     // Entity.baseTick ends with Leashable.tickLeash.
     super::leash::tick(m, w, events);
 }
+/// `LivingEntity.aiStep`'s "freezing" with `InsideBlockEffectType.FREEZE`:
+/// powder snow builds `ticks_frozen` up, anywhere else it melts twice as
+/// fast, and a fully frozen mob takes one freeze damage every 40 ticks.
+fn freeze_tick(m: &mut Mob, w: &MobWorld) {
+    let in_snow = in_powder_snow(m, w);
+    if !in_snow && m.ticks_frozen == 0 {
+        return;
+    }
+    let can_freeze = can_freeze(m, w);
+    if in_snow && can_freeze {
+        m.ticks_frozen =
+            (m.ticks_frozen + 1).min(crate::motion::PlayerMotion::TICKS_REQUIRED_TO_FREEZE);
+    } else {
+        m.ticks_frozen = (m.ticks_frozen - 2).max(0);
+    }
+    if m.age.is_multiple_of(40) && m.is_fully_frozen() && can_freeze {
+        m.damage(1.0, Damage::of(DamageKind::Freeze));
+    }
+}
+/// Whether the mob's box (shrunk by `1.0E-5`, as in `Entity.checkInsideBlocks`)
+/// touches powder snow.
+fn in_powder_snow(m: &Mob, w: &MobWorld) -> bool {
+    let b = m.bounds().deflate(Vec3::new(1e-5, 1e-5, 1e-5));
+    let (min, max) = (b.min_position(), b.max_position());
+    for x in min.x.floor() as i32..=max.x.floor() as i32 {
+        for y in min.y.floor() as i32..=max.y.floor() as i32 {
+            for z in min.z.floor() as i32..=max.z.floor() as i32 {
+                if &*w.facts.get(w.world.block(x, y, z)).name == "minecraft:powder_snow" {
+                    return true;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    false
+}
+/// `LivingEntity.canFreeze`: not a `#freeze_immune_entity_types` mob and no
+/// worn piece in `#freeze_immune_wearables`.
+fn can_freeze(m: &Mob, w: &MobWorld) -> bool {
+    if w.data
+        .entity_has("minecraft:freeze_immune_entity_types", &m.kind.id)
+    {
+        return false;
+    }
+    let immune = w
+        .items
+        .and_then(|i| i.item_tags.get("minecraft:freeze_immune_wearables"));
+    ![&m.extra.head, &m.extra.chest, &m.extra.legs, &m.extra.feet]
+        .into_iter()
+        .flatten()
+        .any(|item| immune.is_some_and(|t| t.contains(&**item)))
+}
 /// `Mob.playAmbientSound` on demand: a spawn egg or a mob bucket just placed `m`.
 pub fn ambient_sound(m: &mut Mob, w: &MobWorld, events: &mut Vec<MobEvent>) {
     play_ambient(m, w, events);
@@ -895,7 +997,7 @@ fn sun_burn_tick(m: &mut Mob, w: &MobWorld) -> bool {
         m.position.z.floor() as i32,
     );
     let br = w.brightness(x, y, z);
-    let wet = m.fluids.in_water || w.raining && w.can_see_sky(x, y, z);
+    let wet = m.fluids.in_water || in_rain(m, w);
     br > 0.5 && m.random.next_float() * 30.0 < (br - 0.4) * 2.0 && !wet && w.can_see_sky(x, y, z)
 }
 /// Mob.serverAiStep
@@ -1682,8 +1784,20 @@ pub fn step_sound(
         S::Husk => quiet("entity.husk.step"),
         S::Drowned => quiet("entity.drowned.step"),
         S::ZombieVillager => quiet("entity.zombie_villager.step"),
-        S::CamelHusk => Some(("entity.camel_husk.step", 0.4, 1.0)),
-        S::Camel => Some(("entity.camel.step", 1.0, 1.0)),
+        // Camel.playStepSound and CamelHusk.playStepSound: sand and concrete
+        // powder have their own step.
+        S::CamelHusk | S::Camel => {
+            let sand = w.has_tag(
+                "minecraft:camel_sand_step_sound_blocks",
+                &w.facts.get(state).name,
+            );
+            Some(match (m.species(), sand) {
+                (S::Camel, true) => ("entity.camel.step_sand", 1.0, 1.0),
+                (S::Camel, false) => ("entity.camel.step", 1.0, 1.0),
+                (_, true) => ("entity.camel_husk.step_sand", 0.4, 1.0),
+                (_, false) => ("entity.camel_husk.step", 0.4, 1.0),
+            })
+        }
         S::IronGolem => Some(("entity.iron_golem.step", 1.0, 1.0)),
         // CopperGolem.playStepSound: its oxidation level's step.
         S::CopperGolem => Some((super::copper_golem::sound(m, "step"), 1.0, 1.0)),
@@ -1762,3 +1876,41 @@ mod despawn_tests {
         }
     }
 }
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod frog_tests {
+    use super::*;
+    use crate::mobs::MobTypes;
+    use crate::mobs::control::MoveKind;
+    use std::sync::Arc;
+
+    /// `Frog()`: `new SmoothSwimmingMoveControl<>(this, 85, 10, 0.02F, 0.1F, true)`.
+    /// The frog's movement speed is 1.0, so the controller's 0.1 outside-water
+    /// speed is what keeps a walking frog at vanilla's pace. The plain ground
+    /// controller walks it ten times too fast, which is the jitter, the
+    /// teleporting and the flying of #2213.
+    #[test]
+    fn a_frog_walks_at_the_vanilla_speed() {
+        let root = std::path::Path::new(env!("CARGO_MANIFEST_DIR"))
+            .join("../../.local/horizon-client")
+            .join(horizon_core::VANILLA_VERSION);
+        if !root.join("entity-types.json").exists() {
+            return;
+        }
+        let data = MobTypes::load(&root).unwrap();
+        let kind = Arc::new(data.types.get("minecraft:frog").unwrap().clone());
+        assert_eq!(kind.speed, 1.0, "the frog's movement speed attribute");
+        let mut m = Mob::new(1, kind, Vec3::new(0.0, 4.0, 0.0), 0.0);
+        register(&mut m);
+        assert_eq!(
+            m.ai.mov.kind,
+            MoveKind::SmoothSwimming {
+                max_turn_x: 85.0,
+                max_turn_y: 10.0,
+                in_water: 0.02,
+                outside: 0.1,
+                gravity: true,
+            }
+        );
+    }
+}

crates/horizon-client/src/mobs/aquatic.rs

@@ -259,7 +259,7 @@ pub fn ai_step(m: &mut Mob, w: &MobWorld, events: &mut Vec<MobEvent>) {
         }
         S::Dolphin => {
             // Dolphin.tick: moisture out of water, hop on land.
-            if m.fluids.in_water || w.raining {
+            if m.fluids.in_water || super::ai::in_rain(m, w) {
                 m.extra.counter = 2400;
             } else {
                 m.extra.counter -= 1;

crates/horizon-client/src/mobs/bee.rs

@@ -323,12 +323,19 @@ pub fn sting(m: &mut Mob, who: Who, cx: &mut Cx) {
     match who {
         Who::Player => {
             cx.events.push(MobEvent::AttackPlayer(amount, from));
-            let seconds = if cx.w.difficulty.hard { 18 } else { 10 };
-            cx.events.push(MobEvent::EffectPlayer {
-                effect: "minecraft:poison",
-                ticks: seconds * 20,
-                amplifier: 0,
-            });
+            // Poison only on normal (10 s) and hard (18 s).
+            let seconds = match cx.w.difficulty.id {
+                2 => 10,
+                3 => 18,
+                _ => 0,
+            };
+            if seconds > 0 {
+                cx.events.push(MobEvent::EffectPlayer {
+                    effect: "minecraft:poison",
+                    ticks: seconds * 20,
+                    amplifier: 0,
+                });
+            }
         }
         Who::Mob(id) => cx.events.push(MobEvent::AttackMob {
             target: id,
@@ -421,10 +428,10 @@ pub fn drop_off_nectar(m: &mut Mob) {
     set_has_nectar(m, false);
     st(m).crops_grown = 0;
 }
-/// `Bee.setStayOutOfHiveCountdown`, which in 26.3 only resets the time
-/// without nectar.
+/// `Bee.setStayOutOfHiveCountdown`: the bee will not enter a hive for 400
+/// ticks (the hive passes that when a sedated hive lets its bees out).
 pub fn set_stay_out_of_hive_countdown(m: &mut Mob) {
-    st(m).ticks_without_nectar = 0;
+    st(m).stay_out_of_hive = 400;
 }
 fn drop_hive(m: &mut Mob) {
     let b = st(m);

crates/horizon-client/src/mobs/body_anim.rs

@@ -980,9 +980,10 @@ pub fn anim(m: &Mob, s: &State, p: &mut Poses, a: &Animations) -> bool {
         Species::Parrot => {
             let flap = m.anim.flap_o + (m.anim.flap - m.anim.flap_o) * s.partial;
             let speed = m.anim.flap_speed_o + (m.anim.flap_speed - m.anim.flap_speed_o) * s.partial;
+            // `Parrot.isFlying` is `!onGround`, in water too.
             let pose = if m.extra.sitting {
                 ParrotPose::Sitting
-            } else if !m.on_ground && !m.fluids.in_water {
+            } else if !m.on_ground {
                 ParrotPose::Flying
             } else {
                 ParrotPose::Standing

crates/horizon-client/src/mobs/control.rs

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 //! Mob controls: `MoveControl` (with the flying and smooth-swimming
 //! variants), `LookControl`, `JumpControl` and `BodyRotationControl`.
-use super::{Mob, MobWorld, living::wrap};
+use super::{Mob, MobWorld, Species, living::wrap};
 use horizon_core::geometry::trig;
 
 /// `2.5000003E-7F` widened: the squared distance controls treat as arrived.
@@ -116,8 +116,16 @@ pub struct BodyRotation {
     last_stable_head: f32,
 }
 impl Mob {
+    /// `Mob.getMaxHeadXRot`, with `Wolf`'s 20 degrees while sitting.
+    pub fn max_head_x_rot(&self) -> f32 {
+        if self.species() == Species::Wolf && self.extra.sitting {
+            20.0
+        } else {
+            self.kind.max_head_x_rot
+        }
+    }
     pub fn look_at(&mut self, at: [f64; 3]) {
-        let (y, x) = (self.kind.head_rot_speed, self.kind.max_head_x_rot);
+        let (y, x) = (self.kind.head_rot_speed, self.max_head_x_rot());
         self.ai.look.set_look_at(at, y, x);
     }
     pub fn look_at_speed(&mut self, at: [f64; 3], y_speed: f32, x_max: f32) {