Add APE support for 32-bit programs

This is an experimental proof of concept demo: make -j8 o//examples/i386.i386.com o//examples/i386.i386.com --32 echo $? # <-- prints main32's argc parameter Please note there's no libc support at the moment. This change is just for fun and shouldn't be interpreted as intent to support. Having this project on the whole support i386 would be tough because the calling conventions are so different. There really isn't much in the way of low hanging fruit opportunities to do something like NOP out REX prefixes and call it a day. It'd likely need disjoint builds or possibly better yet really cleverly crafted code generation in //third_party/chibicc! Another challenge is is that Linux changed its SYSCALL ordinals when it migrated from i386 to x86_64. Linux used to use the same magic numbers as everyone else for functions like exit/write/read/etc. BSDs on the other hand didn't pointlessly renumber things. So we'd need to find a way to define the ordinals in libc/sysv/syscalls.sh twice for Linux. The same goes for other ISAs too. Especially MIPS. For the Linux Kernel alone, syscall magic numbers and data structure layouts are totally different, and that's likely the case for other ISAs on other operating systems too. Probably because ISA code historically got contributed to open source by the companies that made the chips. Ulrich Drepper wrote an amusing essay on the subject some years back.
2026-11-07 17:22:16 -10:00 · 2021-02-20 15:58:48 -08:00
8039 changed files with 152979 additions and 2124887 deletions
@@ -1,3 +0,0 @@
-# -*- conf -*-
-/build/bootstrap/*.com       binary
-/usr/share/zoneinfo/*        binary
@@ -1,10 +1,5 @@
-# -*- conf -*-
-
 /o

-# TODO: Find some way to have Python write to o/
-__pycache__
-
 *.tmp
 /.bochs.log
 /HTAGS
@@ -1,6 +0,0 @@
-virt: lxd
-os: linux
-language: c
-script: make -j4 V=0
-notifications:
-  email: false
@@ -1,12 +1,13 @@
 {
 	"configurations": [
 		{
-			"name": "Win32",
+			"name": "Linux",
 			"includePath": [
 				"${workspaceFolder}"
 			],
 			"cStandard": "c11",
 			"cppStandard": "c++11",
+			"compilerPath": "${workspaceFolder}/o/third_party/gcc/bin/x86_64-linux-musl-gcc",
 			"forcedInclude": ["${workspaceFolder}/.vscode/vscode.h"],
 			"defines": [
 				"libcesque=",
@@ -62,50 +63,6 @@
 				"attributeallocalign(x)=",
 				"nullterminated(x)="
 			]
-		},
-		{
-			"name": "Linux",
-			"includePath": [
-				"${workspaceFolder}"
-			],
-			"cStandard": "gnu17",
-			"compilerPath": "${workspaceFolder}/o/third_party/gcc/bin/x86_64-linux-musl-gcc",
-			"compilerArgs": [
-				"-Wall",
-				"-Werror",
-				"-fdebug-prefix-map=${workspaceFolder}=",
-				"-frecord-gcc-switches",
-				"-Wa,-W",
-				"-Wa,-I.",
-				"-Wa,--noexecstack",
-				"-Wa,--nocompress-debug-sections",
-				"-Og",
-				"-g",
-				"-gdescribe-dies",
-				"-msse3",
-				"-mno-red-zone",
-				"-fno-math-errno",
-				"-fno-trapping-math",
-				"-fno-fp-int-builtin-inexact",
-				"-fno-ident",
-				"-fno-common",
-				"-fno-gnu-unique",
-				"-fstrict-aliasing",
-				"-fstrict-overflow",
-				"-fno-semantic-interposition",
-				"-mno-omit-leaf-frame-pointer",
-				"-fno-jump-tables",
-				"-nostdinc",
-				"-iquote."
-			],
-			"forcedInclude": [
-				"libc/integral/normalize.inc"
-			],
-			"defines": [
-				"COSMO",
-				"MODE=",
-				"IMAGE_BASE_VIRTUAL=0x400000"
-			]
 		}
 	],
 	"version": 4
@@ -1,2 +1,160 @@
 #define __VSCODE_INTELLISENSE__ 1
 #include "libc/integral/normalize.inc"
+
+#if 0
+#define __VSCODE_INTELLISENSE__ 1
+#define __BIGGEST_ALIGNMENT__   1
+#define __CHAR_MAX__            0x7F
+#define __SCHAR_MAX__           __CHAR_MAX__
+#define __SHRT_MAX__            0x7FFF
+#define __INT_MAX__             0x7FFFFFFF
+#define __LONG_MAX__            0x7FFFFFFFFFFFFFFF
+#define __LONG_LONG_MAX__       __LONG_MAX__
+#define __CHAR_MIN__            -((__CHAR_MAX__) + 1)
+#define __SHRT_MIN__            -((__SHRT_MAX__) + 1)
+#define __INT_MIN__             -((__INT_MAX__) + 1)
+#define __LONG_MIN__            -((__LONG_MAX__) + 1)
+#define __LONG_LONG_MIN__       -((__LONG_LONG_MAX__) + 1)
+#define __UCHAR_MAX__           0xFF
+#define __USHRT_MAX__           0xFFFF
+#define __UINT_MAX__            0xFFFFFFFF
+#define __ULONG_MAX__           0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF
+#define __SIZE_MAX__            __ULONG_MAX__
+#define __SSIZE_MAX__           __LONG_MAX__
+#define __UINTPTR_MAX__         __SIZE_MAX__
+#define __INTPTR_MAX__          __SSIZE_MAX__
+#define __WCHAR_MAX__           __UINT_MAX__
+#define __PTRDIFF_MAX__         __UINTPTR_MAX__
+#define __INTMAX_MAX__          __ULONG_MAX__
+#define __SIZEOF_POINTER__      8
+#define __SIZEOF_SHORT__        2
+#define __SIZEOF_INT__          4
+#define __SIZEOF_LONG__         8
+#define __SIZEOF_LONG_LONG__    8
+#define __SIZEOF_PTRDIFF_T__    8
+#define __SIZEOF_SIZE_T__       8
+#define __SIZEOF_WCHAR_T__      4
+#define __SIZEOF_WINT_T__       4
+#define __SIZEOF_FLOAT__        4
+#define __SIZEOF_FLOAT128__     16
+#define __SIZEOF_DOUBLE__       8
+#define __SIZEOF_FLOAT80__      10
+#define __SIZEOF_LONG_DOUBLE__  16
+#define __FLT_MAX__             1
+#define __DBL_MAX__             1
+
+#define __INT_LEAST8_TYPE__   signed char
+#define __INT_LEAST16_TYPE__  signed short
+#define __INT_LEAST32_TYPE__  signed int
+#define __INT_LEAST64_TYPE__  signed long long
+#define __UINT_LEAST8_TYPE__  unsigned char
+#define __UINT_LEAST16_TYPE__ unsigned short
+#define __UINT_LEAST32_TYPE__ unsigned int
+#define __UINT_LEAST64_TYPE__ unsigned long long
+
+#define __UINT8_MAX__  __UCHAR_MAX__
+#define __UINT16_MAX__ __USHRT_MAX__
+#define __UINT32_MAX__ __UINT_MAX__
+#define __UINT64_MAX__ __ULONG_MAX__
+
+#define __INT8_MAX__  __CHAR_MAX__
+#define __INT16_MAX__ __SHRT_MAX__
+#define __INT32_MAX__ __INT_MAX__
+#define __INT64_MAX__ __LONG_MAX__
+
+#define ATEXIT_MAX 1
+#define STACKSIZE  0x10000
+#define ARG_MAX    255
+#define OPEN_MAX   0x7FFF
+#define CHAR_BIT   7
+#define NSIG       1
+#define NULL       (0)
+#define false 0
+#define true (!(false))
+#define COSMOPOLITAN_C_START_
+#define COSMOPOLITAN_C_END_
+#define PAGESIZE    0x1000
+#define BIGPAGESIZE 0x10000
+#define NAME_MAX    255
+
+#define SWITCHEROO(...) 0
+
+extern unsigned g_loglevel;
+
+typedef void * va_list;
+
+#define va_start(...) 0
+#define va_end(...)   0
+#define va_arg(x, y)  (y)(0)
+
+typedef signed char int8_t;
+typedef signed short int16_t;
+typedef signed int int32_t;
+#define int64_t       long long
+#define int128_t      int64_t
+typedef unsigned char uint8_t;
+typedef unsigned short uint16_t;
+typedef unsigned int uint32_t;
+typedef unsigned long long uint64_t;
+typedef unsigned long long uint128_t;
+
+typedef int errno_t;
+typedef uint64_t size_t;
+typedef unsigned long long ssize_t;
+typedef uint64_t uintptr_t;
+typedef long long intptr_t;
+
+typedef unsigned long long uintmax_t;
+typedef long long intmax_t;
+
+typedef uint32_t bool32;
+
+#ifndef __cplusplus
+typedef uint8_t bool;
+typedef uint16_t char16_t;
+typedef uint32_t char32_t;
+#endif /* __cplusplus */
+
+typedef char32_t wint_t;
+typedef char32_t wchar_t;
+typedef struct { int ax, dx; } axdx_t;
+
+/* duplicate and replace xmmintrin.internal.h to fix it for IntelliSense
+ * SEE: <> */
+
+#define _Vector_size(x) __attribute__((__vector_size__(x)))
+
+#define IMAGE_BASE_VIRTUAL 0x400000
+#define __SIGACTION(...)   (0)
+#define VEIL(x, y)         (y)
+#define STATIC_YOINK(x)
+#define BUFSIZ                1
+#define FRAMESIZE             0x10000
+#define PATH_MAX              252
+#define concat(x, y, z)       0
+#define CONCAT(a, b, c, d, e) 0
+#define shuffle(...)          0
+#define reverse(x, y)         0
+#define autotype(x)           intptr_t
+
+#define _Generic_(...) (void*)(0)
+#define _Generic(...) _Generic_
+#define _Alignas(...)
+#define _Section(...)
+
+#define offsetof(x, y)   0
+#define INITIALIZER(...) struct _dummy
+#define __far
+#define tinystrstr(...) 0
+#define BENCHLOOP(...)  0
+
+#ifdef __hook
+#undef __hook
+#endif /* __hook */
+
+#ifdef UriKeyval
+#undef UriKeyval
+#endif /* UriKeyval */
+
+#define _Static_assert(...) 0
+#endif /* 0 */
@@ -1,62 +0,0 @@
-# Contributing Guidelines
-
-We'd love to accept your patches! Please read this guide first.
-
-## Copyright Assignment
-
-Please send an email to Justine Tunney <jtunney@gmail.com> stating that
-you intend to assign her the copyright to the changes you contribute to
-Cosmopolitan. Please use the same email address you use for git commits
-which should only contain original source code from you or other people
-who are also assigning copyright. Please note that, if you're employed,
-you may need to get your employer's approval beforehand. If you can not
-assign copyright due to local laws, then you may alternatively consider
-disclaiming it using the language in [Unlicense](https://unlicense.org)
-or [CC-0](http://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0)
-
-This is important because we can't produce 12kb single-file executables
-that comply with license requirements if we have to embed lots of them.
-Although that's less of an issue depending on the purpose of the files.
-For example, ownership is much less of a concern in the unit test files
-so you're encouraged to put your copyright on those, provided it's ISC.
-
-## Style Guide
-
-You can use clang-format to automatically format your files:
-
-```sh
-clang-format -i -style=file tool/net/redbean.c
-```
-
-If you use Emacs this can be automated on save for Cosmopolitan using
-[tool/emacs/cosmo-format.el]([tool/emacs/cosmo-format.el]).
-
-### Source Files
-
- Must use include paths relative to the root of the repository
- Must have comment at top of file documenting copyright and license
- Must have notice embedding if not owned by Justine (exception: tests)
- May use language extensions that are supported by both GCC and Clang
- Should use Google indentation (otherwise use `/* clang-format off */`)
- Should use asm() instead of compiler APIs (exception: ctz, clz, memcpy)
-
-### Header Files
-
- Must not have copyright or license comments
- Must have once guards (otherwise change `.h` to `.inc`)
- Must be ANSI C89 compatible to be included in the amalgamation header
- Must include its dependencies (exception: libc/integral/normalize.inc)
- Must not define objects (i.e. `cc -c -xc foo.h` will produce empty `.o`)
- Should not use typedefs
- Should not use forward declarations
- Should not include documentation comments
- Should not include parameter names in prototypes
- Should not pose problems if included by C++ or Assembly sources
- Should not declare non-ANSI code, at all, when the user requests ANSI
-
-### Build Config
-
- Must not write files outside `o/`
- Must not communicate with Internet
- Must not depend on system libraries
- Must not depend on system commands (exception: sh, make, gzip, zip)
@@ -1,16 +0,0 @@
-ISC License
-
-Copyright 2020 Justine Alexandra Roberts Tunney
-
-Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for
-any purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the
-above copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
-
-THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL
-WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED
-WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
-AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
-DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR
-PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER
-TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR
-PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
@@ -40,7 +40,8 @@
 #   o/dbg/examples/crashreport.com
 #   less examples/crashreport.c
 #
-#   # extremely tiny binaries
+#   # extremely tiny binaries (scout's honor escape hatch)
+#   # please pay the $1k for commercial license if you can
 #   make -j8 -O MODE=tiny				\
 #               LDFLAGS+=-s				\
 #               CPPFLAGS+=-DIM_FEELING_NAUGHTY	        \
@@ -100,6 +101,7 @@ include libc/str/str.mk				# │
 include third_party/xed/xed.mk			# │
 include third_party/zlib/zlib.mk		# │
 include libc/elf/elf.mk				# │
+include ape/lib/apelib.mk			# │
 include ape/ape.mk				# │
 include libc/fmt/fmt.mk				#─┘
 include libc/calls/calls.mk			#─┐
@@ -129,28 +131,21 @@ include libc/libc.mk				#─┘
 include libc/sock/sock.mk			#─┐
 include dsp/tty/tty.mk				# ├──ONLINE RUNTIME
 include libc/dns/dns.mk				# │  You can communicate with the network
-include net/http/http.mk			# │
-include third_party/mbedtls/mbedtls.mk		# │
-include net/https/https.mk			# │
-include third_party/regex/regex.mk		#─┘
+include libc/crypto/crypto.mk			# │
+include net/http/http.mk			#─┘
+include third_party/duktape/duktape.mk
+include third_party/regex/regex.mk
 include third_party/third_party.mk
 include libc/testlib/testlib.mk
 include tool/viz/lib/vizlib.mk
-include third_party/linenoise/linenoise.mk
-include third_party/lua/lua.mk
-include third_party/sqlite3/sqlite3.mk
-include third_party/mbedtls/test/test.mk
-include third_party/quickjs/quickjs.mk
+include examples/examples.mk
 include third_party/lz4cli/lz4cli.mk
-include third_party/infozip/infozip.mk
-include third_party/python/python.mk
 include tool/build/lib/buildlib.mk
 include third_party/chibicc/chibicc.mk
 include third_party/chibicc/test/test.mk
 include tool/build/emucrt/emucrt.mk
 include tool/build/emubin/emubin.mk
 include tool/build/build.mk
-include examples/examples.mk
 include tool/decode/lib/decodelib.mk
 include tool/decode/decode.mk
 include tool/hash/hash.mk
@@ -165,6 +160,7 @@ include test/libc/nexgen32e/test.mk
 include test/libc/runtime/test.mk
 include test/libc/sock/test.mk
 include test/libc/bits/test.mk
+include test/libc/crypto/test.mk
 include test/libc/str/test.mk
 include test/libc/unicode/test.mk
 include test/libc/calls/test.mk
@@ -177,14 +173,14 @@ include test/libc/time/test.mk
 include test/libc/stdio/test.mk
 include test/libc/release/test.mk
 include test/libc/test.mk
+include test/ape/lib/test.mk
+include test/ape/test.mk
 include test/net/http/test.mk
-include test/net/https/test.mk
 include test/net/test.mk
 include test/tool/build/lib/test.mk
 include test/tool/build/test.mk
 include test/tool/viz/lib/test.mk
 include test/tool/viz/test.mk
-include test/tool/net/test.mk
 include test/tool/test.mk
 include test/dsp/core/test.mk
 include test/dsp/scale/test.mk
@@ -195,13 +191,13 @@ include examples/package/build.mk
 #-φ-examples/package/new.sh
 include test/test.mk

-OBJS	 = $(foreach x,$(PKGS),$($(x)_OBJS))
-SRCS	:= $(foreach x,$(PKGS),$($(x)_SRCS))
-HDRS	:= $(foreach x,$(PKGS),$($(x)_HDRS))
-INCS	 = $(foreach x,$(PKGS),$($(x)_INCS))
-BINS	 = $(foreach x,$(PKGS),$($(x)_BINS))
-TESTS	 = $(foreach x,$(PKGS),$($(x)_TESTS))
-CHECKS	 = $(foreach x,$(PKGS),$($(x)_CHECKS))
+OBJS	= $(foreach x,$(PKGS),$($(x)_OBJS))
+SRCS	= $(foreach x,$(PKGS),$($(x)_SRCS))
+HDRS	= $(foreach x,$(PKGS),$($(x)_HDRS))
+INCS	= $(foreach x,$(PKGS),$($(x)_INCS))
+BINS	= $(foreach x,$(PKGS),$($(x)_BINS))
+TESTS	= $(foreach x,$(PKGS),$($(x)_TESTS))
+CHECKS	= $(foreach x,$(PKGS),$($(x)_CHECKS))

 bins:	$(BINS)
 check:	$(CHECKS)
@@ -212,24 +208,14 @@ tags:	TAGS HTAGS
 o/$(MODE)/.x:
 	@mkdir -p $(@D) && touch $@

-ifneq ($(findstring 4.,,$(MAKE_VERSION)),$(MAKE_VERSION))
 o/$(MODE)/srcs.txt: o/$(MODE)/.x $(MAKEFILES) $(call uniq,$(foreach x,$(SRCS),$(dir $(x))))
 	$(file >$@) $(foreach x,$(SRCS),$(file >>$@,$(x)))
+
 o/$(MODE)/hdrs.txt: o/$(MODE)/.x $(MAKEFILES) $(call uniq,$(foreach x,$(HDRS) $(INCS),$(dir $(x))))
 	$(file >$@) $(foreach x,$(HDRS) $(INCS),$(file >>$@,$(x)))
-o/$(MODE)/incs.txt: o/$(MODE)/.x $(MAKEFILES) $(call uniq,$(foreach x,$(INCS) $(INCS),$(dir $(x))))
-	$(file >$@) $(foreach x,$(INCS) $(INCS),$(file >>$@,$(x)))
-else
-o/$(MODE)/srcs.txt: o/$(MODE)/.x $(MAKEFILES) $(call uniq,$(foreach x,$(SRCS),$(dir $(x))))
-	$(MAKE) MODE=rel -j8 -pn bopit 2>/dev/null | sed -ne '/^SRCS/ {s/.*:= //;s/  */\n/g;p;q}' >$@
-o/$(MODE)/hdrs.txt: o/$(MODE)/.x $(MAKEFILES) $(call uniq,$(foreach x,$(HDRS) $(INCS),$(dir $(x))))
-	$(MAKE) MODE=rel -j8 -pn bopit 2>/dev/null | sed -ne '/^HDRS/ {s/.*:= //;s/  */\n/g;p;q}' >$@
-o/$(MODE)/incs.txt: o/$(MODE)/.x $(MAKEFILES) $(call uniq,$(foreach x,$(INCS) $(INCS),$(dir $(x))))
-	$(MAKE) MODE=rel -j8 -pn bopit 2>/dev/null | sed -ne '/^INCS/ {s/.*:= //;s/  */\n/g;p;q}' >$@
-endif

-o/$(MODE)/depend: o/$(MODE)/.x o/$(MODE)/srcs.txt o/$(MODE)/hdrs.txt o/$(MODE)/incs.txt $(SRCS) $(HDRS) $(INCS)
-	@$(COMPILE) -AMKDEPS $(MKDEPS) -o $@ -r o/$(MODE)/ o/$(MODE)/srcs.txt o/$(MODE)/hdrs.txt o/$(MODE)/incs.txt
+o/$(MODE)/depend: o/$(MODE)/.x o/$(MODE)/srcs.txt o/$(MODE)/hdrs.txt $(SRCS) $(HDRS) $(INCS)
+	@$(COMPILE) -AMKDEPS $(MKDEPS) -o $@ -r o/$(MODE)/ o/$(MODE)/srcs.txt o/$(MODE)/hdrs.txt

 TAGS:	o/$(MODE)/srcs.txt $(SRCS)
 	@rm -f $@
@@ -244,22 +230,23 @@ loc: o/$(MODE)/tool/build/summy.com
 	$(XARGS) wc -l | grep total | awk '{print $$1}' | $<

 COSMOPOLITAN_OBJECTS =		\
+	LIBC_CRYPTO		\
 	LIBC_DNS		\
 	LIBC_SOCK		\
 	LIBC_NT_WS2_32		\
-	LIBC_NT_IPHLPAPI	\
 	LIBC_NT_MSWSOCK		\
 	LIBC_OHMYPLUS		\
 	LIBC_X			\
+	THIRD_PARTY_GDTOA	\
 	THIRD_PARTY_GETOPT	\
 	LIBC_LOG		\
 	LIBC_UNICODE		\
 	LIBC_TIME		\
 	LIBC_ZIPOS		\
 	THIRD_PARTY_ZLIB	\
+	APE_LIB			\
 	THIRD_PARTY_MUSL	\
 	LIBC_STDIO		\
-	THIRD_PARTY_GDTOA	\
 	THIRD_PARTY_REGEX	\
 	LIBC_ALG		\
 	LIBC_MEM		\
@@ -282,8 +269,8 @@ COSMOPOLITAN_OBJECTS =		\
 	LIBC_FMT		\
 	THIRD_PARTY_COMPILER_RT	\
 	LIBC_TINYMATH		\
-	LIBC_STR		\
 	LIBC_SYSV		\
+	LIBC_STR		\
 	LIBC_INTRIN		\
 	LIBC_NT_KERNEL32	\
 	LIBC_NEXGEN32E
@@ -293,6 +280,7 @@ COSMOPOLITAN_HEADERS =		\
 	LIBC_ALG		\
 	LIBC_BITS		\
 	LIBC_CALLS		\
+	LIBC_CRYPTO		\
 	LIBC_DNS		\
 	LIBC_ELF		\
 	LIBC_FMT		\
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+Copyright 2020 Justine Alexandra Roberts Tunney
+
+Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for
+any purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the
+above copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL
+WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED
+WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
+DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR
+PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER
+TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR
+PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
@@ -19,77 +19,32 @@ libc](https://justine.lol/cosmopolitan/index.html) website. We also have
 ## Getting Started

 If you're doing your development work on Linux or BSD then you need just
-five files to get started. Here's what you do on Linux:
+five files to get started:

 ```sh
-wget https://justine.lol/cosmopolitan/cosmopolitan-amalgamation-1.0.zip
-unzip cosmopolitan-amalgamation-1.0.zip
+wget https://justine.lol/cosmopolitan/cosmopolitan-amalgamation-0.2.zip
+unzip cosmopolitan-amalgamation-0.2.zip
 printf 'main() { printf("hello world\\n"); }\n' >hello.c
-gcc -g -Os -static -nostdlib -nostdinc -fno-pie -no-pie -mno-red-zone \
-  -fno-omit-frame-pointer -pg -mnop-mcount \
+gcc -g -O -static -nostdlib -nostdinc -fno-pie -no-pie -mno-red-zone \
  -o hello.com.dbg hello.c -fuse-ld=bfd -Wl,-T,ape.lds \
  -include cosmopolitan.h crt.o ape.o cosmopolitan.a
 objcopy -S -O binary hello.com.dbg hello.com
-```
-
-You now have a portable program. Please note that your APE binary will
-assimilate itself as a conventional resident of your platform after the
-first run, so it can be fast and efficient for subsequent executions.
-
-```sh
 ./hello.com
-bash -c './hello.com'  # zsh/fish workaround (we upstreamed patches)
 ```

-So if you intend to copy the binary to Windows or Mac then please do
-that before you run it, not after.
-
-### MacOS
-
-If you're developing on MacOS you can install the GNU compiler
-collection for x86_64-elf via homebrew:
-
-```sh
-brew install x86_64-elf-gcc
-```
-
-Then in the above scripts just replace `gcc` and `objcopy` with
-`x86_64-elf-gcc` and `x86_64-elf-objcopy` to compile your APE binary.
-
-### Windows
-
-If you're developing on Windows then you need to download an
+If you're developing on Windows or MacOS then you need to download an
 x86_64-pc-linux-gnu toolchain beforehand. See the [Compiling on
 Windows](https://justine.lol/cosmopolitan/windows-compiling.html)
 tutorial. It's needed because the ELF object format is what makes
 universal binaries possible.

-## Source Builds
-
-Cosmopolitan can be compiled from source on any Linux distro. GNU make
-needs to be installed beforehand. This is a freestanding hermetic
-repository that bootstraps using a vendored static gcc9 executable.
-No further dependencies are required.
+Cosmopolitan can also be compiled from source on any Linux distro.

 ```sh
-wget https://justine.lol/cosmopolitan/cosmopolitan-1.0.tar.gz
-tar xf cosmopolitan-1.0.tar.gz  # see releases page
-cd cosmopolitan
+wget https://justine.lol/cosmopolitan/cosmopolitan-0.2.tar.gz
+tar xf cosmopolitan-0.2.tar.gz  # see releases page
+cd cosmopolitan-0.2
 make -j16
 o//examples/hello.com
 find o -name \*.com | xargs ls -rShal | less
 ```
-
-## Support Vector
-
-| Platform        | Min Version | Circa |
-| :---            | ---:        | ---:  |
-| AMD             | K8 Venus    | 2005  |
-| Intel           | Core        | 2006  |
-| New Technology  | Vista       | 2006  |
-| GNU/Systemd     | 2.6.18      | 2007  |
-| XNU's Not UNIX! | 15.6        | 2018  |
-| FreeBSD         | 12          | 2018  |
-| OpenBSD         | 6.4         | 2018  |
-| NetBSD          | 9.1         | 2020  |
-| GNU Make        | 3.80        | 2010  |
@@ -175,7 +175,7 @@

 #ifdef __LINKER__
 #include "ape/macros.internal.h"
-#include "ape/relocations.h"
+#include "ape/config.h"
 #include "libc/dce.h"
 #include "libc/nt/pedef.internal.h"
 #include "libc/zip.h"
@@ -196,20 +196,20 @@ SECTIONS {
 /*BEGIN: linux addressability guarantee */
 /*BEGIN: bsd addressability guarantee */

-  .head SEGMENT_START("text-segment", IMAGE_BASE_VIRTUAL) : AT(IMAGE_BASE_REAL) {
+  .head SEGMENT_START("text-segment", IMAGE_BASE_VIRTUAL) : {
    HIDDEN(_base = .);

    /* Real Mode */
    KEEP(*(.head))
-    KEEP(*(.apesh))
-    KEEP(*(.head2))
-    KEEP(*(.text.head))

    /* Executable & Linkable Format */
    . = ALIGN(__SIZEOF_POINTER__);
    HIDDEN(ape_phdrs = .);
    KEEP(*(.elf.phdrs))
    HIDDEN(ape_phdrs_end = .);
+    HIDDEN(ape_phdrs32 = .);
+    KEEP(*(.elf.phdrs32))
+    HIDDEN(ape_phdrs32_end = .);

    /* OpenBSD */
    . = ALIGN(__SIZEOF_POINTER__);
@@ -223,14 +223,16 @@ SECTIONS {
    HIDDEN(ape_pe_sections = .);
    KEEP(*(.pe.sections))
    HIDDEN(ape_pe_sections_end = .);
+    . += 1;

    /* Mach-O */
    KEEP(*(.macho))
    . = ALIGN(__SIZEOF_POINTER__);
    HIDDEN(ape_macho_end = .);
+    . += 1;

    KEEP(*(.ape.pad.head))
-    . = ALIGN(SupportsWindows() || SupportsMetal() ? PAGESIZE : 16);
+    . = ALIGN(SupportsWindows() ? PAGESIZE : 16);
    HIDDEN(_ehead = .);
  } :Head

@@ -240,13 +242,14 @@ SECTIONS {
    /* Code that needs to be addressable in Real Mode */
    *(.text.real)
    KEEP(*(SORT_BY_NAME(.sort.text.real.*)))
+    *(.rodata.real)
+    KEEP(*(SORT_BY_NAME(.sort.rodata.real.*)))
    HIDDEN(_ereal = .);
-    . += 1;

 /*END: realmode addressability guarantee */

    /* Normal Code */
-    *(.start)
+    KEEP(*(.start))
    KEEP(*(.initprologue))
    KEEP(*(SORT_BY_NAME(.init.*)))
    KEEP(*(.init))
@@ -274,17 +277,17 @@ SECTIONS {
    KEEP(*(SORT_BY_NAME(.sort.text.*)))

    KEEP(*(.ape.pad.test));
+    HIDDEN(__test_start = .);
    *(.test.unlikely)
    *(.test .test.*)

    /* Privileged code invulnerable to magic */
    KEEP(*(.ape.pad.privileged));
-    . += . > 0 ? 1 : 0;
    HIDDEN(__privileged_start = .);
-    . += . > 0 ? 1 : 0;
+    HIDDEN(__test_end = .);
+    . += 1;
    *(.privileged)
    HIDDEN(__privileged_end = .);
-    . += . > 0 ? 1 : 0;

 /*BEGIN: Read Only Data */

@@ -304,10 +307,11 @@ SECTIONS {
    KEEP(*(.comment))
    KEEP(*(.commentepilogue))
 #endif
-
+ 
    /* Windows DLL Import Directory */
    KEEP(*(.idata.ro));
    KEEP(*(SORT_BY_NAME(.idata.ro.*)))
+    . += 1;

    . = ALIGN(__SIZEOF_POINTER__);
    PROVIDE_HIDDEN(__init_array_start = .);
@@ -366,23 +370,11 @@ SECTIONS {
    PROVIDE_HIDDEN(edata = .);
  } :Ram

-/*END:   file content that's loaded by o/s */
-/*BEGIN: bss memory void */
-
-  .zip . : {
-    KEEP(*(SORT_BY_NAME(.zip.*)))
-    HIDDEN(_ezip = .);
-  }
-
-/*END:   file content */
-/*BEGIN: bss memory that's addressable */
-
-  .bss ALIGN(64) : {
+  .bss . : {
    KEEP(*(SORT_BY_NAME(.piro.bss.init.*)))
    *(.piro.bss)
    KEEP(*(SORT_BY_NAME(.piro.bss.sort.*)))
    HIDDEN(__piro_end = .);
-    . += . > 0 ? 1 : 0;
 /*END: Post-Initialization Read-Only */

    /* Statically Allocated Empty Space */
@@ -392,10 +384,15 @@ SECTIONS {

    KEEP(*(SORT_BY_NAME(.sort.bss.*)))

-    . = ALIGN(FRAMESIZE); /* for brk()/sbrk() allocation */
+    /* eXtreme Low Memory w/ Userspace Remapping */
+    . = ALIGN(0x1000);
+    *(.xlm)
+    . = ALIGN(0x1000);
+
+    . = ALIGN(0x10000); /* for brk()/sbrk() allocation */
    HIDDEN(_end = .);
    PROVIDE_HIDDEN(end = .);
-  }
+  } :Ram

 /*END: nt addressability guarantee */
 /*END: bsd addressability guarantee */
@@ -451,6 +448,13 @@ PFSTUB4(ape_elf_phnum, (ape_phdrs_end - ape_phdrs) / 56);
 PFSTUB4(ape_elf_shnum, 0);
 PFSTUB4(ape_elf_shstrndx, 0);

+PFSTUB4(ape_elf32_entry, _start32);
+PFSTUB4(ape_elf32_phoff, RVA(ape_phdrs32));
+PFSTUB4(ape_elf32_shoff, 0);
+PFSTUB4(ape_elf32_phnum, (ape_phdrs32_end - ape_phdrs32) / 32);
+PFSTUB4(ape_elf32_shnum, 0);
+PFSTUB4(ape_elf32_shstrndx, 0);
+
 HIDDEN(__privileged_addr = ROUNDDOWN(__privileged_start, PAGESIZE)); 
 HIDDEN(__privileged_size = (ROUNDUP(__privileged_end, PAGESIZE) -
                            ROUNDDOWN(__privileged_start, PAGESIZE))); 
@@ -466,18 +470,11 @@ HIDDEN(ape_rom_rva = RVA(ape_rom_vaddr));
 HIDDEN(ape_ram_offset = ape_rom_offset + ape_rom_filesz);
 HIDDEN(ape_ram_vaddr = ADDR(.data));
 HIDDEN(ape_ram_paddr = LOADADDR(.data));
-HIDDEN(ape_ram_filesz = SIZEOF(.data));
+HIDDEN(ape_ram_filesz = LOADADDR(.bss) - LOADADDR(.data));
 HIDDEN(ape_ram_memsz = ADDR(.bss) + SIZEOF(.bss) - ape_ram_vaddr);
 HIDDEN(ape_ram_align = PAGESIZE);
 HIDDEN(ape_ram_rva = RVA(ape_ram_vaddr));

-HIDDEN(ape_stack_offset = ape_ram_offset + ape_ram_filesz);
-HIDDEN(ape_stack_vaddr = 0x700000000000 - STACKSIZE);
-HIDDEN(ape_stack_paddr = ape_ram_paddr + ape_ram_filesz);
-HIDDEN(ape_stack_filesz = 0);
-HIDDEN(ape_stack_memsz = STACKSIZE);
-HIDDEN(ape_stack_align = 16);
-
 HIDDEN(ape_note_offset = ape_rom_offset + (ape_note - ape_rom_vaddr));
 HIDDEN(ape_note_vaddr = ape_note);
 HIDDEN(ape_note_paddr = ape_rom_paddr + ape_note_offset);
@@ -513,30 +510,20 @@ SHSTUB2(ape_macho_dd_skip, RVA(ape_macho) / 8);
 SHSTUB2(ape_macho_dd_count, (ape_macho_end - ape_macho) / 8);
 #endif

-#if SupportsWindows() || SupportsMetal()
-#define LINK_WINDOWS (SupportsWindows() && !DEFINED(EfiMain))
+#if SupportsWindows()
 PFSTUB4(ape_pe_offset, ape_pe - ape_mz);
 HIDDEN(ape_pe_optsz = ape_pe_sections - (ape_pe + 24));
 HIDDEN(ape_pe_shnum = (ape_pe_sections_end - ape_pe_sections) / 40);
-HIDDEN(ape_pe_base = IMAGE_BASE_VIRTUAL);
-HIDDEN(ape_idata = LINK_WINDOWS ? RVA(ape_idata_iat) : 0);
-HIDDEN(ape_idata_iatsize = LINK_WINDOWS ? ape_idata_iatend - ape_idata_iat : 0);
-HIDDEN(ape_idata = LINK_WINDOWS ? RVA(ape_idata_idt) : 0);
-HIDDEN(ape_idata_idtsize = LINK_WINDOWS ? ape_idata_idtend - ape_idata_idt : 0);
-HIDDEN(v_ntversion = LINK_WINDOWS ? 6 : 1);
-HIDDEN(v_ntdllchar = LINK_WINDOWS ? 288 : 0);
-HIDDEN(v_ntsubversion = LINK_WINDOWS ? 6 : 5);
-HIDDEN(v_ntsubsystem = (LINK_WINDOWS
-                        ? (DEFINED(GetMessage)
-                           ? kNtImageSubsystemWindowsGui
-                           : kNtImageSubsystemWindowsCui)
-                        : kNtImageSubsystemEfiApplication));
-HIDDEN(ape_pe_entry = LINK_WINDOWS ? WinMain : EfiMain);
+HIDDEN(ape_idata_idtsize = ape_idata_idtend - ape_idata_idt);
+HIDDEN(ape_idata_iatsize = ape_idata_iatend - ape_idata_iat);
+HIDDEN(v_ntsubsystem = (DEFINED(GetMessage)
+                        ? kNtImageSubsystemWindowsGui
+                        : kNtImageSubsystemWindowsCui));
 #endif

 #if SupportsMetal()
 HIDDEN(v_ape_realsectors =
-           MIN(0x70000 - IMAGE_BASE_REAL,
+           MIN(REAL_SCRATCH_AREA - IMAGE_BASE_REAL,
               ROUNDUP(RVA(_edata), 4096)) / 512);
 HIDDEN(v_ape_realpages = v_ape_realsectors / (4096 / 512));
 HIDDEN(v_ape_highsectors =
@@ -547,9 +534,8 @@ HIDDEN(v_ape_highsectors =
 #define ZIPCONST(NAME, VAL) HIDDEN(NAME = DEFINED(__zip_start) ? VAL : 0);
 ZIPCONST(v_zip_cdoffset, __zip_start - IMAGE_BASE_VIRTUAL);
 ZIPCONST(v_zip_cdirsize, __zip_end - __zip_start);
-ASSERT(v_zip_cdirsize % kZipCdirHdrLinkableSize == 0, "bad zip cdir");
 ZIPCONST(v_zip_records, v_zip_cdirsize / kZipCdirHdrLinkableSize);
-ZIPCONST(v_zip_commentsize, _ezip - __zip_end - kZipCdirHdrMinSize);
+ZIPCONST(v_zip_commentsize, _edata - __zip_end - kZipCdirHdrMinSize);

 #if SupportsXnu()
 /* Generates deterministic ID. */
@@ -627,7 +613,7 @@ CHURN(v_ape_realsectors);
 #if SupportsXnu()
 CHURN(ape_macho);
 #endif
-#if SupportsWindows() || SupportsMetal()
+#if SupportsWindows()
 CHURN(ape_mz);
 CHURN(ape_pe);
 CHURN(ape_pe_offset);
@@ -19,11 +19,6 @@ APE =	$(APE_DEPS)			\
 	$(APE_OBJS)			\
 	o/$(MODE)/ape/ape.lds

-APE_BUILDSAFE =				\
-	$(APE_DEPS)			\
-	o/$(MODE)/ape/ape-buildsafe.o	\
-	o/$(MODE)/ape/ape.lds
-
 APELINK =				\
 	$(COMPILE)			\
 	-ALINK.ape			\
@@ -36,10 +31,12 @@ APE_HDRS = $(filter %.h,$(APE_FILES))
 APE_INCS = $(filter %.inc,$(APE_FILES))
 APE_SRCS = $(filter %.S,$(APE_FILES))
 APE_OBJS = $(APE_SRCS:%.S=o/$(MODE)/%.o)
+APE_DEPS = $(APE_LIB)
 APE_CHECKS = $(APE_HDRS:%=o/%.ok)

 o/$(MODE)/ape/ape.lds:			\
 		ape/ape.lds		\
+		ape/config.h		\
 		ape/macros.internal.h	\
 		libc/dce.h		\
 		libc/zip.h
@@ -51,13 +48,7 @@ o/ape/idata.inc:			\
 $(APE_OBJS):	$(BUILD_FILES)		\
 		ape/ape.mk

-o/$(MODE)/ape/ape-no-modify-self.o: ape/ape.S
-	@$(COMPILE) -AOBJECTIFY.S $(OBJECTIFY.S) $(OUTPUT_OPTION) -DAPE_NO_MODIFY_SELF $<
-
-o/$(MODE)/ape/ape-buildsafe.o: ape/ape.S
-	@$(COMPILE) -AOBJECTIFY.S $(OBJECTIFY.S) $(OUTPUT_OPTION) -DAPE_BUILDSAFE $<
-
 .PHONY: o/$(MODE)/ape
 o/$(MODE)/ape:	$(APE)			\
 		$(APE_CHECKS)		\
-		o/$(MODE)/ape/ape-no-modify-self.o
+		o/$(MODE)/ape/lib
@@ -0,0 +1,118 @@
+#ifndef APE_CONFIG_H_
+#define APE_CONFIG_H_
+#include "ape/relocations.h"
+#include "libc/macros.h"
+
+/*
+ * Post-Initialization Read-Only Code Size Threshold.
+ *
+ * An executable needs to have at least this much code, before the
+ * linker adds non-mandatory 4kb alignments. The benefit is better
+ * memory protection. The tradeoff is sparser binaries.
+ */
+#ifndef APE_PIRO_THRESHOLD
+#ifdef CONFIG_DBG
+#define APE_PIRO_THRESHOLD 0x1000
+#else
+#define APE_PIRO_THRESHOLD 0x10000
+#endif
+#endif
+
+#ifndef METAL_STDIN
+#define METAL_STDIN COM1
+#endif
+#ifndef METAL_STDOUT
+#define METAL_STDOUT COM1
+#endif
+#ifndef METAL_STDERR
+#define METAL_STDERR COM1
+#endif
+
+#ifndef VIDYA_MODE
+#define VIDYA_MODE VIDYA_MODE_CGA
+#endif
+
+/* FPU Control Word (x87) Exception Masks
+   @see Intel Manual V1 §8.1.5
+
+       IM: Invalid Operation ───────────────┐
+       DM: Denormal Operand ───────────────┐│
+       ZM: Zero Divide ───────────────────┐││
+       OM: Overflow ─────────────────────┐│││
+       UM: Underflow ───────────────────┐││││
+       PM: Precision ──────────────────┐│││││
+      PC: Precision Control ────────┐  ││││││
+       {float,∅,double,long double} │  ││││││
+      RC: Rounding Control ───────┐ │  ││││││
+       {even, →-∞, →+∞, →0}       │┌┤  ││││││
+                                 ┌┤││  ││││││
+                                d││││rr││││││*/
+#define X87_NORMAL    0b000000000001101111111
+#define X87_DTOA      0b000000000001000000000
+#define X87_DTOA_MASK 0b000000000001100000000
+#ifndef X87_DEFAULT
+#define X87_DEFAULT X87_NORMAL
+#endif
+
+#ifndef UART_BAUD_RATE
+#define UART_BAUD_RATE 9600 /* bits per second ∈ [50,115200] */
+#endif
+#define UART_CONF_DLR (1843200 /*hz*/ / 16 /*wut*/ / (UART_BAUD_RATE))
+#ifndef UART_CONF_IIR
+/*                      ┌interrupt trigger level {1,4,8,14}
+                        │ ┌enable 64 byte fifo (UART 16750+)
+                        │ │ ┌select dma mode
+                        │ │ │┌clear transmit fifo
+                        │ │ ││┌clear receive fifo
+                        ├┐│ │││┌enable fifos*/
+#define UART_CONF_IIR 0b00000000
+#endif
+#ifndef UART_CONF_LCR
+/*                      ┌dlab: flips configuration mode state
+                        │┌enable break signal
+                        ││ ┌parity {none,odd,even,high,low}
+                        ││ │ ┌extra stop bit
+                        ││ │ │┌data word length (bits+5)
+                        ││┌┴┐│├┐*/
+#define UART_CONF_LCR 0b01000011
+#endif
+
+#define XLM(VAR)                            (XLM_BASE_REAL + XLM_##VAR)
+#define XLMV(VAR)                           (__xlm + XLM_##VAR)
+#define XLM_BASE_REAL                       0x1000
+#define XLM_E820                            0
+#define XLM_E820_SIZE                       0x2000
+#define XLM_BIOS_DATA_AREA                  0x2000
+#define XLM_BIOS_DATA_AREA_SIZE             256
+#define XLM_DRIVE_BASE_TABLE                0x2200 /* drive values are contiguous */
+#define XLM_DRIVE_BASE_TABLE_SIZE           11
+#define XLM_DRIVE_TYPE                      0x220b
+#define XLM_DRIVE_TYPE_SIZE                 1
+#define XLM_DRIVE_LAST_SECTOR               0x220c /* 1-based inclusive, e.g. 18 */
+#define XLM_DRIVE_LAST_SECTOR_SIZE          1
+#define XLM_DRIVE_LAST_CYLINDER             0x220d /* 0-based incl, e.g. 79 */
+#define XLM_DRIVE_LAST_CYLINDER_SIZE        2
+#define XLM_DRIVE_ATTACHED                  0x220f
+#define XLM_DRIVE_ATTACHED_SIZE             1
+#define XLM_DRIVE_LAST_HEAD                 0x2210 /* 0-based inclusive, e.g. 1 */
+#define XLM_DRIVE_LAST_HEAD_SIZE            1
+#define XLM_DRIVE                           0x2211
+#define XLM_DRIVE_SIZE                      1
+#define XLM_HAVEEXTMEMKB                    0x2212
+#define XLM_HAVEEXTMEMKB_SIZE               4
+#define XLM_VIDEO_POSITION_FAR_POINTER      0x2216 /* video cursor far pointer */
+#define XLM_VIDEO_POSITION_FAR_POINTER_SIZE 4
+#define XLM_PAGE_TABLE_STACK_POINTER        0x2220
+#define XLM_PAGE_TABLE_STACK_POINTER_SIZE   8
+#define XLM_BADIDT                          0x2230
+#define XLM_BADIDT_SIZE                     6
+#define XLM_LOADSTATE                       0x2240
+#define XLM_LOADSTATE_SIZE                  8
+#define XLM_SIZE                            ROUNDUP(XLM_LOADSTATE + XLM_LOADSTATE_SIZE, 0x1000)
+#define IMAGE_BASE_REAL                     (XLM_BASE_REAL + XLM_SIZE)
+
+#if !defined(__LINKER__) && !defined(__ASSEMBLER__)
+extern char __xlm[XLM_SIZE];
+#endif /* !defined(__LINKER__) && !defined(__ASSEMBLER__) */
+
+#endif /* APE_CONFIG_H_ */
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+#-*-mode:makefile-gmake;indent-tabs-mode:t;tab-width:8;coding:utf-8-*-┐
+#───vi: set et ft=make ts=8 tw=8 fenc=utf-8 :vi───────────────────────┘
+
+PKGS += APE_LIB
+
+APE_LIB_ARTIFACTS += APE_LIB_A
+APE_LIB = $(APE_LIB_A_DEPS) $(APE_LIB_A)
+APE_LIB_A = o/$(MODE)/ape/lib/apelib.a
+APE_LIB_A_FILES := $(wildcard ape/lib/*)
+APE_LIB_A_HDRS = $(filter %.h,$(APE_LIB_A_FILES))
+APE_LIB_A_SRCS_S = $(filter %.S,$(APE_LIB_A_FILES))
+APE_LIB_A_SRCS_C = $(filter %.c,$(APE_LIB_A_FILES))
+
+APE_LIB_A_SRCS =					\
+	$(APE_LIB_A_SRCS_S)				\
+	$(APE_LIB_A_SRCS_C)
+
+APE_LIB_A_OBJS =					\
+	$(APE_LIB_A_SRCS_S:%.S=o/$(MODE)/%.o)		\
+	$(APE_LIB_A_SRCS_C:%.c=o/$(MODE)/%.o)
+
+APE_LIB_A_DIRECTDEPS =					\
+	LIBC_NEXGEN32E					\
+	LIBC_INTRIN					\
+	LIBC_STR					\
+	LIBC_STUBS
+
+APE_LIB_A_CHECKS = $(APE_LIB_A_HDRS:%=o/$(MODE)/%.ok)
+APE_LIB_A_DEPS = $(call uniq,$(foreach x,$(APE_LIB_A_DIRECTDEPS),$($(x))))
+
+$(APE_LIB_A): ape/lib/ $(APE_LIB_A).pkg $(APE_LIB_A_OBJS)
+$(APE_LIB_A).pkg: $(APE_LIB_A_OBJS) $(foreach x,$(APE_LIB_A_DIRECTDEPS),$($(x)_A).pkg)
+
+APE_LIB_LIBS = $(foreach x,$(APE_LIB_ARTIFACTS),$($(x)))
+APE_LIB_SRCS = $(foreach x,$(APE_LIB_ARTIFACTS),$($(x)_SRCS))
+APE_LIB_HDRS = $(foreach x,$(APE_LIB_ARTIFACTS),$($(x)_HDRS))
+APE_LIB_BINS = $(foreach x,$(APE_LIB_ARTIFACTS),$($(x)_BINS))
+APE_LIB_CHECKS = $(foreach x,$(APE_LIB_ARTIFACTS),$($(x)_CHECKS))
+APE_LIB_OBJS = $(foreach x,$(APE_LIB_ARTIFACTS),$($(x)_OBJS))
+$(APE_LIB_OBJS): $(BUILD_FILES) libc/str/str.mk
+
+.PHONY: o/$(MODE)/ape/lib
+o/$(MODE)/ape/lib:			\
+		$(APE_LIB_CHECKS)	\
+		$(APE_LIB_A)
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+/*-*- mode:c;indent-tabs-mode:nil;c-basic-offset:2;tab-width:8;coding:utf-8 -*-│
+│vi: set net ft=c ts=8 sts=2 sw=2 fenc=utf-8                                :vi│
+╞══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╡
+│ Copyright 2020 Justine Alexandra Roberts Tunney                              │
+│                                                                              │
+│ Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for         │
+│ any purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the         │
+│ above copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.      │
+│                                                                              │
+│ THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL                │
+│ WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED                │
+│ WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE             │
+│ AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL         │
+│ DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR        │
+│ PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER               │
+│ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
+│ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
+╠──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╣
+│░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░│
+│░░░░░░░█▀█░█▀█░▀█▀░█░█░█▀█░█░░░█░░░█░█░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░│
+│░░░░░░░█▀█░█░▄░░█░░█░█░█▀█░█░░░█░░░▀█▀░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░│
+│░░░░░░░▀░▀░▀▀▀░░▀░░▀▀▀░▀░▀░▀▀▀░▀▀▀░░▀░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░│
+│░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░│
+│░░░░░░░█▀█░█▀█░█▀█░▀█▀░█▀█░█▀█░█░░░█▀▀░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░│
+│░░░░░░░█▀▀░█ █░██▀░░█░░█▀█░█▀█░█░░░█▀▀░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░│
+│░░░░░░░▀░░░▀▀▀░▀░▀░░▀░░▀░▀░▀▀▀░▀▀▀░▀▀▀░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░│
+│░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░│
+│░░░░░░░█▀▀░█░█░█▀▀░█▀█░█░█░▀█▀░█▀█░█▀█░█░░█▀▀░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░▄▄░░░▐█░░│
+│░░░░░░░█▀▀░▄▀▄░█▀▀░█░▄░█░█░░█░░█▀█░█▀█░█░░█▀▀░░░░░░░░░░░░▄▄▄░░░▄██▄░░█▀░░░█░▄░│
+│░░░░░░░▀▀▀░▀░▀░▀▀▀░▀▀▀░▀▀▀░░▀░░▀░▀░▀▀▀░▀▀░▀▀▀░░░░░░░░░░▄██▀█▌░██▄▄░░▐█▀▄░▐█▀░░│
+│░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░▐█▀▀▌░░░▄▀▌░▌░█░▌░░▌░▌░░│
+╠──────────────────────────────────────────────────────▌▀▄─▐──▀▄─▐▄─▐▄▐▄─▐▄─▐▄─│
+│ αcτµαlly pδrταblε εxεcµταblε § green energy                                  │
+╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#ifndef APE_LIB_APM_H_
+#define APE_LIB_APM_H_
+
+/**
+ * @fileoverview Advanced Power Management.
+ *
+ * <p>APM is useful for exiting programs, without needing to ask the
+ * human to flip a physical switch or pass QEMU's -no-reboot flag.
+ *
+ * <p><b>Implementation Detail:</b> Supporting ACPI would literally
+ * require implementing a programming language.
+ *
+ * @see APM BIOS Interface Specification v1.2
+ * @since IBM PC/AT
+ */
+
+#define APM_SERVICE 0x15
+
+#if !(__ASSEMBLER__ + __LINKER__ + 0)
+
+void apmoff(void) wontreturn;
+
+#endif /* !(__ASSEMBLER__ + __LINKER__ + 0) */
+#endif /* APE_LIB_APM_H_ */
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+/*-*- mode:unix-assembly; indent-tabs-mode:t; tab-width:8; coding:utf-8     -*-│
+│vi: set et ft=asm ts=8 sw=8 fenc=utf-8                                     :vi│
+╞══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╡
+│ Copyright 2020 Justine Alexandra Roberts Tunney                              │
+│                                                                              │
+│ Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for         │
+│ any purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the         │
+│ above copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.      │
+│                                                                              │
+│ THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL                │
+│ WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED                │
+│ WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE             │
+│ AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL         │
+│ DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR        │
+│ PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER               │
+│ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
+│ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
+╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#include "ape/macros.internal.h"
+#include "ape/notice.inc"
+.section .real,"ax",@progbits
+.source	__FILE__
+.code16
+
+//	Resets personal computer.
+//
+//	@param	di drive number, e.g. A:\ is 0x00, C:\ is 0x80
+//	@mode	real
+//	@noreturn
+bootdr:	push	%bp
+	mov	%sp,%bp
+	mov	%di,%dx
+	int	$0x19
+	ljmp	$0xf000,$0xfff0
+	.endfn	bootdr,globl
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+/*-*- mode:unix-assembly; indent-tabs-mode:t; tab-width:8; coding:utf-8     -*-│
+│vi: set et ft=asm ts=8 tw=8 fenc=utf-8                                     :vi│
+╞══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╡
+│ Copyright 2020 Justine Alexandra Roberts Tunney                              │
+│                                                                              │
+│ Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for         │
+│ any purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the         │
+│ above copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.      │
+│                                                                              │
+│ THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL                │
+│ WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED                │
+│ WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE             │
+│ AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL         │
+│ DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR        │
+│ PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER               │
+│ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
+│ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
+╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#include "ape/lib/pc.h"
+#include "ape/config.h"
+#include "ape/macros.internal.h"
+#include "ape/notice.inc"
+.section .real,"ax",@progbits
+.source	__FILE__
+.code16
+
+	.globl	e820map
+	.hidden	e820map
+	.type	e820map,@object
+	.size	e820map,XLM_E820_SIZE
+	e820map = ape_xlm + XLM_E820
+
+	.globl	e820map_xlm
+	.hidden	e820map_xlm
+	.type	e820map_xlm,@object
+	.size	e820map_xlm,XLM_E820_SIZE
+	e820map_xlm = XLM(E820)
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+/*-*- mode:c;indent-tabs-mode:nil;c-basic-offset:2;tab-width:8;coding:utf-8 -*-│
+│vi: set net ft=c ts=2 sts=2 sw=2 fenc=utf-8                                :vi│
+╞══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╡
+│ Copyright 2020 Justine Alexandra Roberts Tunney                              │
+│                                                                              │
+│ Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for         │
+│ any purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the         │
+│ above copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.      │
+│                                                                              │
+│ THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL                │
+│ WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED                │
+│ WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE             │
+│ AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL         │
+│ DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR        │
+│ PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER               │
+│ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
+│ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
+╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#include "ape/config.h"
+#include "ape/lib/pc.h"
+#include "libc/bits/bits.h"
+#include "libc/macros.h"
+
+/**
+ * Virtualizes physical memory.
+ *
+ * This function removes memory holes (discovered by e820() earlier) and
+ * creates the illusion of flat contiguous memory for as much RAM as the
+ * BIOS reports usable. Memory is safe to use and remap afterwards.
+ *
+ * @see ape/ape.S
+ */
+textreal void flattenhighmemory(struct SmapEntry *e820, struct PageTable *pml4t,
+                                uint64_t *ptsp) {
+  uint64_t *entry, paddr, vaddr;
+  struct SmapEntry *smap, *hole;
+  for (smap = hole = e820, vaddr = IMAGE_BASE_VIRTUAL; smap->size; ++smap) {
+    while (smap->size && smap->type != kMemoryUsable) smap++;
+    paddr = ROUNDUP(MAX(IMAGE_BASE_PHYSICAL, smap->addr), PAGESIZE);
+    while (paddr < ROUNDDOWN(smap->addr + smap->size, PAGESIZE)) {
+      while (hole->size &&
+             (hole->type == kMemoryUsable || hole->addr + hole->size < paddr)) {
+        hole++;
+      }
+      if (paddr >= hole->addr && paddr < hole->addr + hole->size) {
+        paddr = ROUNDUP(hole->addr + hole->size, PAGESIZE);
+      } else {
+        entry = __getpagetableentry(vaddr, 3, pml4t, ptsp);
+        *entry = paddr | PAGE_V | PAGE_RW;
+        vaddr += 0x1000;
+        paddr += 0x1000;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+/*-*- mode:unix-assembly; indent-tabs-mode:t; tab-width:8; coding:utf-8     -*-│
+│vi: set et ft=asm ts=8 tw=8 fenc=utf-8                                     :vi│
+╞══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╡
+│ Copyright 2020 Justine Alexandra Roberts Tunney                              │
+│                                                                              │
+│ Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for         │
+│ any purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the         │
+│ above copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.      │
+│                                                                              │
+│ THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL                │
+│ WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED                │
+│ WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE             │
+│ AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL         │
+│ DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR        │
+│ PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER               │
+│ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
+│ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
+╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#include "ape/lib/pc.h"
+#include "ape/config.h"
+#include "ape/macros.internal.h"
+#include "ape/notice.inc"
+.section .real,"ax",@progbits
+.source	__FILE__
+.code16
+
+	.globl	g_pml4t
+	.hidden	g_pml4t
+	.type	g_pml4t,@object
+	.size	g_pml4t,0x1000
+	g_pml4t = REAL_STACK_FRAME - 0x1000
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+/*-*- mode:unix-assembly; indent-tabs-mode:t; tab-width:8; coding:utf-8     -*-│
+│vi: set et ft=asm ts=8 tw=8 fenc=utf-8                                     :vi│
+╞══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╡
+│ Copyright 2020 Justine Alexandra Roberts Tunney                              │
+│                                                                              │
+│ Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for         │
+│ any purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the         │
+│ above copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.      │
+│                                                                              │
+│ THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL                │
+│ WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED                │
+│ WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE             │
+│ AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL         │
+│ DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR        │
+│ PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER               │
+│ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
+│ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
+╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#include "ape/lib/pc.h"
+#include "ape/config.h"
+#include "ape/macros.internal.h"
+#include "ape/notice.inc"
+.section .real,"ax",@progbits
+.source	__FILE__
+.code16
+
+	.globl	g_ptsp
+	.hidden	g_ptsp
+	.type	g_ptsp,@object
+	.size	g_ptsp,XLM_PAGE_TABLE_STACK_POINTER_SIZE
+	g_ptsp = ape_xlm + XLM_PAGE_TABLE_STACK_POINTER
+
+	.globl	g_ptsp_xlm
+	.hidden	g_ptsp_xlm
+	.type	g_ptsp_xlm,@object
+	.size	g_ptsp_xlm,XLM_PAGE_TABLE_STACK_POINTER_SIZE
+	g_ptsp_xlm = XLM(PAGE_TABLE_STACK_POINTER)
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+/*-*- mode:c;indent-tabs-mode:nil;c-basic-offset:2;tab-width:8;coding:utf-8 -*-│
+│vi: set net ft=c ts=2 sts=2 sw=2 fenc=utf-8                                :vi│
+╞══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╡
+│ Copyright 2020 Justine Alexandra Roberts Tunney                              │
+│                                                                              │
+│ Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for         │
+│ any purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the         │
+│ above copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.      │
+│                                                                              │
+│ THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL                │
+│ WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED                │
+│ WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE             │
+│ AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL         │
+│ DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR        │
+│ PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER               │
+│ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
+│ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
+╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#include "ape/lib/pc.h"
+#include "libc/assert.h"
+
+static textreal uint64_t __pushpagetable(uint64_t *ptsp) {
+  return (*ptsp -= PAGESIZE) | PAGE_V | PAGE_RW;
+}
+
+textreal uint64_t *__getpagetableentry(int64_t vaddr, unsigned depth,
+                                       struct PageTable *pml4t,
+                                       uint64_t *ptsp) {
+  uint64_t *entry;
+  unsigned char shift;
+  assert(depth <= 3);
+  assert(!(*ptsp & 0xfff));
+  assert(!((uintptr_t)pml4t & 0xfff));
+  shift = 39;
+  for (;;) {
+    entry = &pml4t->p[(vaddr >> shift) & 511];
+    if (!depth--) return entry;
+    shift -= 9;
+    if (!*entry) *entry = __pushpagetable(ptsp);
+    pml4t = (void *)(*entry & PAGE_TA);
+  }
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+/*-*- mode:unix-assembly; indent-tabs-mode:t; tab-width:8; coding:utf-8     -*-│
+│vi: set et ft=asm ts=8 tw=8 fenc=utf-8                                     :vi│
+╞══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╡
+│ Copyright 2020 Justine Alexandra Roberts Tunney                              │
+│                                                                              │
+│ Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for         │
+│ any purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the         │
+│ above copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.      │
+│                                                                              │
+│ THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL                │
+│ WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED                │
+│ WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE             │
+│ AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL         │
+│ DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR        │
+│ PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER               │
+│ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
+│ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
+╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#include "ape/lib/pc.h"
+#include "ape/config.h"
+#include "ape/macros.internal.h"
+#include "ape/notice.inc"
+.section .real,"ax",@progbits
+.source	__FILE__
+.code16
+
+	.globl	kBiosDataArea
+	.hidden	kBiosDataArea
+	.type	kBiosDataArea,@object
+	.size	kBiosDataArea,XLM_BIOS_DATA_AREA_SIZE
+	kBiosDataArea = ape_xlm + XLM_BIOS_DATA_AREA
+
+	.globl	kBiosDataAreaXlm
+	.hidden	kBiosDataAreaXlm
+	.type	kBiosDataAreaXlm,@object
+	.size	kBiosDataAreaXlm,XLM_BIOS_DATA_AREA_SIZE
+	kBiosDataAreaXlm = XLM(BIOS_DATA_AREA)
+
+	.section .sort.text.real.init.2.kBiosDataArea,"ax",@progbits
+	movpp	%ds,%es			# copy bios data to valid page
+	mov	$PC_BIOS_DATA_AREA,%si
+	mov	$XLM(BIOS_DATA_AREA),%di
+	mov	$XLM_BIOS_DATA_AREA_SIZE,%cx
+	rep movsb
+	.previous
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+/*-*- mode:c;indent-tabs-mode:nil;c-basic-offset:2;tab-width:8;coding:utf-8 -*-│
+│vi: set net ft=c ts=2 sts=2 sw=2 fenc=utf-8                                :vi│
+╞══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╡
+│ Copyright 2020 Justine Alexandra Roberts Tunney                              │
+│                                                                              │
+│ Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for         │
+│ any purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the         │
+│ above copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.      │
+│                                                                              │
+│ THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL                │
+│ WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED                │
+│ WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE             │
+│ AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL         │
+│ DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR        │
+│ PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER               │
+│ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
+│ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
+╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#include "ape/lib/pc.h"
+#include "ape/relocations.h"
+#include "libc/runtime/runtime.h"
+
+textreal static void __map_segment(uint64_t k, uint64_t a, uint64_t b) {
+  uint64_t *e;
+  for (; a < b; a += 0x1000) {
+    e = __getpagetableentry(IMAGE_BASE_VIRTUAL + a, 3, &g_pml4t, &g_ptsp_xlm);
+    *e = (IMAGE_BASE_REAL + a) | k;
+  }
+}
+
+textreal void __map_image(void) {
+  __map_segment(PAGE_V | PAGE_U, 0, (uintptr_t)_etext - IMAGE_BASE_VIRTUAL);
+  __map_segment(PAGE_V | PAGE_U | PAGE_RW,
+                (uintptr_t)_etext - IMAGE_BASE_VIRTUAL,
+                (uintptr_t)_end - IMAGE_BASE_VIRTUAL);
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+/*-*- mode:c;indent-tabs-mode:nil;c-basic-offset:2;tab-width:8;coding:utf-8 -*-│
+│vi: set net ft=c ts=2 sts=2 sw=2 fenc=utf-8                                :vi│
+╞══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╡
+│ Copyright 2020 Justine Alexandra Roberts Tunney                              │
+│                                                                              │
+│ Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for         │
+│ any purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the         │
+│ above copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.      │
+│                                                                              │
+│ THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL                │
+│ WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED                │
+│ WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE             │
+│ AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL         │
+│ DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR        │
+│ PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER               │
+│ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
+│ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
+╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#include "ape/lib/pc.h"
+
+textreal void pageunmap(int64_t vaddr) {
+  uint64_t *entry;
+  entry = __getpagetableentry(vaddr, 3, &g_pml4t, &g_ptsp_xlm);
+  *entry &= ~PAGE_V;
+  asm volatile("invlpg\t(%0)" : /* no outputs */ : "r"(vaddr) : "memory");
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,242 @@
+/*-*- mode:c;indent-tabs-mode:nil;c-basic-offset:2;tab-width:8;coding:utf-8 -*-│
+│vi: set net ft=c ts=8 sts=2 sw=2 fenc=utf-8                                :vi│
+╞══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╡
+│ Copyright 2020 Justine Alexandra Roberts Tunney                              │
+│                                                                              │
+│ Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for         │
+│ any purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the         │
+│ above copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.      │
+│                                                                              │
+│ THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL                │
+│ WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED                │
+│ WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE             │
+│ AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL         │
+│ DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR        │
+│ PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER               │
+│ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
+│ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
+╠──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╣
+│░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░│
+│░░░░░░░█▀█░█▀█░▀█▀░█░█░█▀█░█░░░█░░░█░█░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░│
+│░░░░░░░█▀█░█░▄░░█░░█░█░█▀█░█░░░█░░░▀█▀░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░│
+│░░░░░░░▀░▀░▀▀▀░░▀░░▀▀▀░▀░▀░▀▀▀░▀▀▀░░▀░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░│
+│░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░│
+│░░░░░░░█▀█░█▀█░█▀█░▀█▀░█▀█░█▀█░█░░░█▀▀░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░│
+│░░░░░░░█▀▀░█ █░██▀░░█░░█▀█░█▀█░█░░░█▀▀░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░│
+│░░░░░░░▀░░░▀▀▀░▀░▀░░▀░░▀░▀░▀▀▀░▀▀▀░▀▀▀░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░│
+│░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░│
+│░░░░░░░█▀▀░█░█░█▀▀░█▀█░█░█░▀█▀░█▀█░█▀█░█░░█▀▀░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░▄▄░░░▐█░░│
+│░░░░░░░█▀▀░▄▀▄░█▀▀░█░▄░█░█░░█░░█▀█░█▀█░█░░█▀▀░░░░░░░░░░░░▄▄▄░░░▄██▄░░█▀░░░█░▄░│
+│░░░░░░░▀▀▀░▀░▀░▀▀▀░▀▀▀░▀▀▀░░▀░░▀░▀░▀▀▀░▀▀░▀▀▀░░░░░░░░░░▄██▀█▌░██▄▄░░▐█▀▄░▐█▀░░│
+│░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░▐█▀▀▌░░░▄▀▌░▌░█░▌░░▌░▌░░│
+╠──────────────────────────────────────────────────────▌▀▄─▐──▀▄─▐▄─▐▄▐▄─▐▄─▐▄─│
+│ αcτµαlly pδrταblε εxεcµταblε § ibm personal computer                         │
+╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#ifndef APE_LIB_PC_H_
+#define APE_LIB_PC_H_
+
+#define BOOTSIG           0xaa55 /* master boot record signature */
+#define PC_BIOS_DATA_AREA 0x400
+
+#define kInterruptFlag (1u << 9)
+
+/* FPU Status Word (x87)
+   @see Intel Manual V1 §8.1.3
+   IE: Invalid Operation ────────────────┐
+   DE: Denormalized Operand ────────────┐│
+   ZE: Zero Divide ────────────────────┐││
+   OE: Overflow Flag ─────────────────┐│││
+   UE: Underflow Flag ───────────────┐││││
+   PE: Precision Flag ──────────────┐│││││
+   SF: Stack Fault ────────────────┐││││││
+   ES: Exception Summary Status ──┐│││││││
+   C0-3: Condition Codes ──┬────┐ ││││││││
+   TOP of Stack Pointer ─────┐  │ ││││││││
+   B: FPU Busy ───────────┐│ │  │ ││││││││
+                          ││┌┴┐┌┼┐││││││││
+                          │↓│ │↓↓↓││││││││*/
+#define FPU_IE 0b0000000000100000000000001
+#define FPU_ZE 0b0000000000100000000000100
+#define FPU_SF 0b0000000000000000001000000
+#define FPU_C0 0b0000000000000000100000000
+#define FPU_C1 0b0000000000000001000000000
+#define FPU_C2 0b0000000000000010000000000
+#define FPU_C3 0b0000000000100000000000000
+
+#define CR0_PE 0x01       /* protected mode enabled */
+#define CR0_MP 0x02       /* monitor coprocessor */
+#define CR0_EM 0x04       /* no x87 fpu present if set */
+#define CR0_TS 0x08       /* task switched x87 */
+#define CR0_ET 0x10       /* extension type 287 or 387 */
+#define CR0_NE 0x20       /* enable x87 error reporting */
+#define CR0_WP 0x00010000 /* write protect read-only pages @pl0 */
+#define CR0_AM 0x00040000 /* alignment mask */
+#define CR0_NW 0x20000000 /* global write-through cache disable */
+#define CR0_CD 0x40000000 /* global cache disable */
+#define CR0_PG 0x80000000 /* paging enabled */
+
+#define CR4_VME        0x01       /* virtual 8086 mode extension */
+#define CR4_PVI        0x02       /* protected mode virtual interrupts */
+#define CR4_TSD        0x04       /* time stamp disable (rdtsc) */
+#define CR4_DE         0x08       /* debugging extensions */
+#define CR4_PSE        0x10       /* page size extension */
+#define CR4_PAE        0x20       /* physical address extension */
+#define CR4_MCE        0x40       /* machine check exception */
+#define CR4_PGE        0x80       /* page global enabled */
+#define CR4_OSFXSR     0x0200     /* enable SSE and fxsave/fxrestor */
+#define CR4_OSXMMEXCPT 0x0400     /* enable unmasked SSE exceptions */
+#define CR4_LA57       0x1000     /* enable level-5 paging */
+#define CR4_VMXE       0x2000     /* enable VMX operations */
+#define CR4_SMXE       0x4000     /* enable SMX operations */
+#define CR4_FSGSBASE   0x00010000 /* enable *FSBASE and *GSBASE instructions */
+#define CR4_PCIDE      0x00020000 /* enable process-context identifiers */
+#define CR4_OSXSAVE    0x00040000 /* enable XSAVE */
+
+#define XCR0_X87       0x01
+#define XCR0_SSE       0x02
+#define XCR0_AVX       0x04
+#define XCR0_BNDREG    0x08
+#define XCR0_BNDCSR    0x10
+#define XCR0_OPMASK    0x20
+#define XCR0_ZMM_HI256 0x40
+#define XCR0_HI16_ZMM  0x80
+
+#define EFER     0xc0000080 /* extended feature enable register */
+#define EFER_SCE 0x01       /* system call extensions */
+#define EFER_LME 0x0100     /* long mode enable */
+#define EFER_LMA 0x0400     /* long mode active */
+#define EFER_NXE 0x0800     /* no-execute enable */
+
+#define GDT_REAL_CODE   8
+#define GDT_REAL_DATA   16
+#define GDT_LEGACY_CODE 24
+#define GDT_LEGACY_DATA 32
+#define GDT_LONG_CODE   40
+#define GDT_LONG_DATA   48
+
+#define PIC1         0x20 /* IO base address for master PIC */
+#define PIC2         0xA0 /* IO base address for slave PIC */
+#define PIC1_CMD     PIC1
+#define PIC1_DATA    (PIC1 + 1)
+#define PIC2_CMD     PIC2
+#define PIC2_DATA    (PIC2 + 1)
+#define PIC_EOI      0x20 /* End-of-interrupt command code */
+#define PIC_READ_IRR 0x0a /* OCW3 irq ready next CMD read */
+#define PIC_READ_ISR 0x0b /* OCW3 irq service next CMD read */
+
+/* Long Mode Paging
+   @see Intel Manual V.3A §4.1 §4.5
+                                          IsValid (ignored on CR3) V┐
+     ┌XD:No Inst. Fetches (if NXE)   IsWritable (ignored on CR3) RW┐│
+     │                                 Permit User-Mode Access - u┐││
+     │                             Page-level Write-Through - PWT┐│││
+     │                            Page-level Cache Disable - PCD┐││││
+     │                          Set if has been read - Accessed┐│││││
+     │                         Set if has been written - Dirty┐││││││
+     │                   IsPage (if PDPTE/PDE) or PAT (if PT)┐│││││││
+     │        (If this maps 2MB/1GB page and CR4.PGE) Global┐││││││││
+     │      (If IsPage 2MB/1GB, see Intel V3A § 11.12) PAT  │││││││││
+     │                                                  │   │││││││││
+     │             ┌────────────────────────────────────┤   │││││││││
+     │   Must Be 0┐│ Next Page Table Address (!IsPage)  │   │││││││││
+     │            │├────────────────────────────────────┤   │││││││││
+     │            ││ Physical Address 4KB               │   │││││││││
+     │┌───┐┌─────┐│├───────────────────────────┐        │ign│││││││││
+     ││PKE││ ign │││ Physical Address 2MB      │        │┌┴┐│││││││││
+     ││   ││     ││├──────────────────┐        │        ││ ││││││││││
+     ││   ││     │││ Phys. Addr. 1GB  │        │        ││ ││││││││││
+     ││   ││     │││                  │        │        ││ ││││││││││
+     6666555555555544444444443333333333222222222211111111110000000000
+     3210987654321098765432109876543210987654321098765432109876543210*/
+#define PAGE_V   /*                                    */ 0b000000001
+#define PAGE_RW  /*                                    */ 0b000000010
+#define PAGE_U   /*                                    */ 0b000000100
+#define PAGE_4KB /*                                    */ 0b010000000
+#define PAGE_2MB /*                                    */ 0b110000000
+#define PAGE_1GB /*                                    */ 0b110000000
+#define PAGE_TA  0b11111111111111111111111111111111111111000000000000
+#define PAGE_PA2 0b11111111111111111111111111111000000000000000000000
+#define PAGE_XD  0x8000000000000000
+
+#if !(__ASSEMBLER__ + __LINKER__ + 0)
+#include "ape/config.h"
+
+struct thatispacked GlobalDescriptorTable {
+  uint16_t size;
+  uint64_t *entries;
+};
+
+/**
+ * Memory hole map.
+ * @see wiki.osdev.org/Detecting_Memory_(x86)
+ * @since 2002
+ */
+struct SmapEntry {
+  uint64_t addr;
+  uint64_t size;
+  enum {
+    kMemoryUsable = 1,
+    kMemoryUnusable = 2,
+    kMemoryAcpiReclaimable = 3,
+    kMemoryAcpiNvs = 4,
+    kMemoryBad = 5
+  } type;
+  uint32_t __acpi3; /* is abstracted */
+};
+
+struct IdtDescriptor {
+  uint16_t offset_1; /* offset bits 0..15 */
+  uint16_t selector; /* a code segment selector in GDT or LDT */
+  uint8_t ist;       /* bits 0..2 hold stack table offset, rest are zero */
+  uint8_t type_attr; /* type and attributes */
+  uint16_t offset_2; /* offset bits 16..31 */
+  uint32_t offset_3; /* offset bits 32..63 */
+  uint32_t zero;     /* reserved */
+};
+
+struct thatispacked PageTable {
+  uint64_t p[512];
+} forcealign(PAGESIZE);
+
+extern struct PageTable g_pml4t;
+extern struct GlobalDescriptorTable gdt;
+
+extern const unsigned char kBiosDataArea[256];
+extern const unsigned char kBiosDataAreaXlm[256];
+
+extern struct SmapEntry e820map[XLM_E820_SIZE / sizeof(struct SmapEntry)];
+extern struct SmapEntry e820map_xlm[XLM_E820_SIZE / sizeof(struct SmapEntry)];
+
+extern uint64_t g_ptsp;
+extern uint64_t g_ptsp_xlm;
+
+void bootdr(char drive) wontreturn;
+
+void smapsort(struct SmapEntry *);
+uint64_t *__getpagetableentry(int64_t, unsigned, struct PageTable *,
+                              uint64_t *);
+void flattenhighmemory(struct SmapEntry *, struct PageTable *, uint64_t *);
+void pageunmap(int64_t);
+
+forceinline unsigned long eflags(void) {
+  unsigned long res;
+  asm("pushf\n\t"
+      "pop\t%0"
+      : "=rm"(res));
+  return res;
+}
+
+forceinline unsigned char inb(unsigned short port) {
+  unsigned char al;
+  asm volatile("inb\t%1,%0" : "=a"(al) : "dN"(port));
+  return al;
+}
+
+forceinline void outb(unsigned short port, unsigned char byte) {
+  asm volatile("outb\t%0,%1"
+               : /* no inputs */
+               : "a"(byte), "dN"(port));
+}
+
+#endif /* !(__ASSEMBLER__ + __LINKER__ + 0) */
+#endif /* APE_LIB_PC_H_ */
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+/*-*- mode:c;indent-tabs-mode:nil;c-basic-offset:2;tab-width:8;coding:utf-8 -*-│
+│vi: set net ft=c ts=2 sts=2 sw=2 fenc=utf-8                                :vi│
+╞══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╡
+│ Copyright 2020 Justine Alexandra Roberts Tunney                              │
+│                                                                              │
+│ Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for         │
+│ any purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the         │
+│ above copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.      │
+│                                                                              │
+│ THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL                │
+│ WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED                │
+│ WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE             │
+│ AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL         │
+│ DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR        │
+│ PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER               │
+│ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
+│ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
+╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#include "ape/lib/pc.h"
+
+textreal static unsigned smapcount(const struct SmapEntry *se) {
+  unsigned i = 0;
+  while (se[i].size) ++i;
+  return i;
+}
+
+textreal static void smapsorter(size_t n, struct SmapEntry a[n]) {
+  struct SmapEntry t;
+  unsigned i, j;
+  for (i = 1; i < n; ++i) {
+    j = i;
+    t = a[i];
+    while (j > 0 && (intptr_t)t.addr - (intptr_t)a[j - 1].addr) {
+      a[j] = a[j - 1];
+      --j;
+    }
+    a[j] = t;
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Sorts BIOS e820 memory map.
+ */
+textreal void smapsort(struct SmapEntry *smap) {
+  smapsorter(smapcount(smap), smap);
+}
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
 #ifndef APE_MACROS_H_
 #define APE_MACROS_H_
-#include "libc/macros.internal.h"
+#include "libc/macros.h"
 #ifdef __ASSEMBLER__
 /* clang-format off */

@@ -26,6 +26,13 @@
 * @fileoverview Macros relevant to αcτµαlly pδrταblε εxεcµταblε.
 */

+//	Calls function in real mode.
+//	It's needed because LLVM 8 LLD doesn't support R_X86_64_PC16.
+	.macro	call16 name:req
+	mov	$REAL(\name),%ax
+	call	*%ax
+	.endm
+
 //	Calls near (i.e. pc+pcrel<64kB) FUNCTION.
 //	@mode	long,legacy,real
 //	@cost	9 bytes overhead
@@ -11,8 +11,6 @@
  In some cases it's necessary to use addend macros that change virtual
  addresses into the other two types: physical and real. */

-#define IMAGE_BASE_REAL 0x2000
-
 #ifndef IMAGE_BASE_VIRTUAL
 #define IMAGE_BASE_VIRTUAL 0x400000
 #endif
@@ -21,6 +19,26 @@
 #define IMAGE_BASE_PHYSICAL 0x100000
 #endif

+#ifndef REAL_SCRATCH_AREA
+/**
+ * Location of anything goes memory for real mode.
+ *
+ * The MBR won't load program content beyond this address, so we have
+ * room for buffers, page tables, etc. before we reach the stack frame.
+ */
+#define REAL_SCRATCH_AREA 0x40000
+#endif
+
+#ifndef REAL_STACK_FRAME
+/**
+ * Location of real mode 64kb stack frame.
+ *
+ * This address was chosen because memory beyond 0x80000 can't be
+ * accessed safely without consulting e820.
+ */
+#define REAL_STACK_FRAME 0x70000
+#endif
+
 /**
 * Returns Relative Virtual Address.
 */
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#-*-mode:sh;indent-tabs-mode:nil;tab-width:2;coding:utf-8-*-┐
+#───vi: set net ft=sh ts=2 sts=2 fenc=utf-8 :vi─────────────┘
+#
+# SYNOPSIS
+#
+#   Program Deprioritizer
+#
+# OVERVIEW
+#
+#   This is a drop-in replacement for the traditional Unix `nice`
+#   command that also invokes `ionice`, which is important, since
+#   network and traffic is usually what clobber the system.
+
+if [ -z "$IONICE" ]; then
+  if IONICE=$(command -v ionice 2>/dev/null); then
+    IONICE="$IONICE -c3"
+  fi
+fi
+
+if [ -z "$NICE" ]; then
+  NICE=$(command -v nice 2>/dev/null)
+fi
+
+if [ -z "$IONICE$NICE" ]; then
+  echo "error: can't be nice" >&2
+fi
+
+exec $IONICE $NICE "$@"
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+# -*- mode:sh;indent-tabs-mode:nil;tab-width:2;coding:utf-8 -*-
+# vi: set net ft=sh ts=2 sts=2 sw=2 fenc=utf-8              :vi
+
+echo c |
+  bochs \
+    -q \
+    -f ape/etc/bochsrc.dbg \
+    floppya:1_44=$1,status=inserted
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+# -*- mode:sh;indent-tabs-mode:nil;tab-width:2;coding:utf-8 -*-
+# vi: set net ft=sh ts=2 sts=2 sw=2 fenc=utf-8              :vi
+#
+# bochs-scriptable executes a disk with serial uart stdio.
+#
+# USAGE
+#
+#   build/bochs-scriptable IMAGE...
+#
+# DESCRIPTION
+#
+#   This script is useful for end-to-end testing metal apps in <100ms.
+#
+# SEE ALSO
+#
+#   build/boot(1)
+
+while getopts h X; do
+  case $X in
+    h)  exec less "$0" ;;
+    \?) echo "$0: bad arg" >&2; exit 1 ;;
+  esac
+done
+shift $((OPTIND - 1))
+
+trap '' INT
+
+IMG=$1
+OUT=/tmp/$USER.$$.bochs.stdout
+ERR=/tmp/$USER.$$.bochs.stderr
+
+mkfifo $OUT || exit
+
+cat <$OUT &
+CAT=$!
+exec 4>$OUT
+rm -f $OUT
+
+echo c |
+  bochs \
+    -q \
+    -f ape/etc/bochsrc.ffs \
+    display_library:nogui \
+    floppya:1_44=$1,status=inserted \
+    >>$ERR 2>>$ERR
+RC=$?
+
+kill $CAT
+exec 4>&-
+rm -f $ERR
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#-*-mode:sh;indent-tabs-mode:nil;tab-width:2;coding:utf-8-*-┐
+#───vi: set net ft=sh ts=2 sts=2 fenc=utf-8 :vi─────────────┘
+#
+# OVERVIEW
+#
+#   Source File Concatenation Tool
+#
+# DESCRIPTION
+#
+#   This program is the same as cat, but inserts preprocessor directives
+#   that allow compiler errors to point back to the original lines.
+
+if [ $# -eq 0 ]; then
+  cat
+else
+  for x; do
+    printf '# 1 "%s"\n' "$x"
+    cat "$x"
+  done
+fi
@@ -50,8 +50,6 @@ endif

 # Release Mode
 #
-# Follows traditional closed source release binary norms.
-#
 #   - `make MODE=rel`
 #   - More optimized
 #   - Reasonably small
@@ -71,45 +69,16 @@ CONFIG_CCFLAGS +=		\
 	$(BACKTRACES)		\
 	-O2

-TARGET_ARCH ?=			\
-	-msse3
-
-endif
-
-# Asan Mode
-#
-# Safer binaries good for backend production serving.
-#
-#   - `make MODE=asan`
-#   - Memory safety
-#   - Production worthy
-#   - Backtraces
-#   - Debuggability
-#   - Larger binaries
-
-ifeq ($(MODE), asan)
-
-CONFIG_CCFLAGS +=		\
-	$(BACKTRACES)		\
-	-O2
-
-CONFIG_COPTS +=			\
-	-fsanitize=address
-
-TARGET_ARCH ?=			\
-	-msse3
-
 endif

 # Debug Mode
 #
 #   - `make MODE=dbg`
 #   - Backtraces
-#   - Enables asan
-#   - Enables ubsan (TODO)
-#   - Stack canaries
-#   - No optimization (TODO)
-#   - Enormous binaries
+#   - Zero optimization
+#   - Enables sanitization
+#   - Enables stack canaries
+#   - Enormous binaries (b/c ubsan suboptimalities)

 ifeq ($(MODE), dbg)

@@ -122,7 +91,8 @@ CONFIG_CCFLAGS +=		\
 	-O2

 CONFIG_COPTS +=			\
-	-fsanitize=address
+	$(SECURITY_BLANKETS)	\
+	$(SANITIZER)

 TARGET_ARCH ?=			\
 	-msse3
@@ -143,7 +113,6 @@ endif
 #   - No backtraces
 #   - No algorithmics
 #   - YOLO
-
 ifeq ($(MODE), tiny)
 CONFIG_CPPFLAGS +=		\
 	-DTINY			\
@@ -161,7 +130,7 @@ endif

 # Linux-Only Tiny Mode
 #
-#   - `make MODE=tinylinux`
+#   - `make MODE=tiny`
 #   - No checks
 #   - No asserts
 #   - No canaries
@@ -171,7 +140,6 @@ endif
 #   - No portability
 #   - No algorithmics
 #   - YOLO
-
 ifeq ($(MODE), tinylinux)
 CONFIG_CPPFLAGS +=		\
 	-DTINY			\
@@ -190,7 +158,7 @@ endif

 # Linux+BSD Tiny Mode
 #
-#   - `make MODE=tinylinuxbsd`
+#   - `make MODE=tiny`
 #   - No apple
 #   - No checks
 #   - No asserts
@@ -201,7 +169,6 @@ endif
 #   - No backtraces
 #   - No algorithmics
 #   - YOLO
-
 ifeq ($(MODE), tinylinuxbsd)
 CONFIG_CPPFLAGS +=		\
 	-DTINY			\
@@ -220,7 +187,7 @@ endif

 # Unix Tiny Mode
 #
-#   - `make MODE=tinysysv`
+#   - `make MODE=tiny`
 #   - No checks
 #   - No asserts
 #   - No canaries
@@ -230,7 +197,6 @@ endif
 #   - No backtraces
 #   - No algorithmics
 #   - YOLO
-
 ifeq ($(MODE), tinysysv)
 CONFIG_CPPFLAGS +=		\
 	-DTINY			\
@@ -249,7 +215,7 @@ endif

 # Tiny Metallic Unix Mode
 #
-#   - `make MODE=tinynowin`
+#   - `make MODE=tiny`
 #   - No checks
 #   - No asserts
 #   - No canaries
@@ -259,7 +225,6 @@ endif
 #   - No backtraces
 #   - No algorithmics
 #   - YOLO
-
 ifeq ($(MODE), tinynowin)
 CONFIG_CPPFLAGS +=		\
 	-DTINY			\
@@ -317,6 +282,11 @@ endif
 # such as MSVC or XCode. You can run your binary objects through a tool
 # like objconv to convert them to COFF or MachO. Then use ANSI mode to
 # rollup one header file that'll enable linkage with minimal issues.
+#
+# Lastly note that in some cases, such as gc(), there simply isn't any
+# ANSI workaround available. It's only in cases like that when we'll use
+# the __asm__() header workaround, rather than simply removing it. We do
+# however try to do that much less often than mainstream C libraries.

 ifeq ($(MODE), ansi)

@@ -50,9 +50,10 @@ TAGS ?= /usr/bin/ctags  # emacs source builds or something breaks it
 ARFLAGS = rcsD
 ZFLAGS ?=
 XARGS ?= xargs -P4 -rs8000
+NICE ?= build/actuallynice
 DOT ?= dot
 GZ ?= gzip
-CLANG = clang
+CLANG = clang-10
 FC = gfortran  #/opt/cross9f/bin/x86_64-linux-musl-gfortran

 # see build/compile, etc. which run third_party/gcc/unbundle.sh
@@ -77,8 +78,7 @@ PWD := $(shell pwd)
 IMAGE_BASE_VIRTUAL ?= 0x400000
 HELLO := $(shell build/hello)
 TMPDIR := $(shell build/findtmp)
-SPAWNER := $(shell build/getcompile) -V$(shell build/getccversion $(CC))
-COMPILE = $(SPAWNER) $(QUOTA)
+COMPILE := $(shell build/getcompile) -V$(shell build/getccversion $(CC))

 export ADDR2LINE
 export LC_ALL
@@ -91,6 +91,7 @@ FTRACE =								\
 	-pg

 SANITIZER =								\
+	-fsanitize=leak							\
 	-fsanitize=address

 NO_MAGIC =								\
@@ -137,8 +138,6 @@ MATHEMATICAL =								\
 	-fwrapv

 DEFAULT_CPPFLAGS =							\
-	-DCOSMO								\
-	-DMODE='"$(MODE)"'						\
 	-DIMAGE_BASE_VIRTUAL=$(IMAGE_BASE_VIRTUAL)			\
 	-nostdinc							\
 	-iquote.
@@ -182,6 +181,7 @@ DEFAULT_LDLIBS =

 MCA =	llvm-mca-10							\
 	-mtriple=x86_64-pc-linux-gnu					\
+	-iterations=3							\
 	-instruction-info						\
 	-iterations=3							\
 	-all-stats							\
@@ -299,6 +299,11 @@ OBJECTIFY.greg.c =							\
 	-fno-sanitize=all						\
 	-c

+OBJECTIFY.i386.c =							\
+	$(OBJECTIFY.c)							\
+	-m32								\
+	-wrapper build/i386ify.sh
+
 OBJECTIFY.ansi.c = $(CC) $(OBJECTIFY.c.flags) -ansi -Wextra -Werror -pedantic-errors -c
 OBJECTIFY.c99.c = $(CC) $(OBJECTIFY.c.flags) -std=c99 -Wextra -Werror -pedantic-errors -c
 OBJECTIFY.c11.c = $(CC) $(OBJECTIFY.c.flags) -std=c11 -Wextra -Werror -pedantic-errors -c
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-#!/bin/sh
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
 #-*-mode:sh;indent-tabs-mode:nil;tab-width:2;coding:utf-8-*-┐
 #───vi: set net ft=sh ts=2 sts=2 fenc=utf-8 :vi─────────────┘
 #
@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/sh
-exec gdb -q -nh -i=mi $1                   \
-     -ex "set confirm off"                 \
-     -ex "add-symbol-file $1.dbg 0x401000" \
-     -ex "run"
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# SYNOPSIS
+#
+#   gcc -m32 -wrapper build/i386ify.sh -c -o foo.o foo.c
+#
+# OVERVIEW
+#
+#   Compiles 32-bit code inside 64-bit ELF objects.
+
+if [ "${1##*/}" = as ]; then
+  FIRST=0
+  for x; do
+    if [ $FIRST -eq 0 ]; then
+      set --
+      FIRST=1
+    fi
+    if [ "$x" = "--32" ]; then
+      continue
+    fi
+    if [ "${x##*.}" = s ]; then
+      {
+        printf "\t.section .yoink\n"
+        printf "\tnopl\t_start32\n"
+        printf "\t.previous\n"
+        printf "\t.code32\n"
+        cat "$x"
+      } >"$x".tmp
+      mv -f "$x".tmp "$x"
+    fi
+    set -- "$@" "$x"
+  done
+fi
+
+exec "$@"
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#-*-mode:sh;indent-tabs-mode:nil;tab-width:2;coding:utf-8-*-┐
+#───vi: set net ft=sh ts=2 sts=2 fenc=utf-8 :vi─────────────┘
+
+for x; do
+  printf '#include "%s"\n' "$x"
+done
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#-*-mode:sh;indent-tabs-mode:nil;tab-width:2;coding:utf-8-*-┐
+#───vi: set net ft=sh ts=2 sts=2 fenc=utf-8 :vi─────────────┘
+
+for x; do
+  printf '#include "%s"\n' "$x"
+done
@@ -64,6 +64,7 @@ o/$(MODE)/%.lds: %.lds             ; @$(COMPILE) -APREPROCESS $(PREPROCESS.lds)
 o/$(MODE)/%.h.ok: %.h              ; @$(COMPILE) -ACHECK.h $(COMPILE.c) -x c -g0 -o $@ $<
 o/$(MODE)/%.h.okk: %.h             ; @$(COMPILE) -ACHECK.h $(COMPILE.cxx) -x c++ -g0 -o $@ $<
 o/$(MODE)/%.o: %.greg.c            ; @$(COMPILE) -AOBJECTIFY.greg $(OBJECTIFY.greg.c) $(OUTPUT_OPTION) $<
+o/$(MODE)/%.i386.o: %.i386.c       ; @$(COMPILE) -AOBJECTIFY.i386 $(OBJECTIFY.i386.c) $(OUTPUT_OPTION) $<
 o/$(MODE)/%.greg.o: %.greg.c       ; @$(COMPILE) -AOBJECTIFY.greg $(OBJECTIFY.greg.c) $(OUTPUT_OPTION) $<
 o/$(MODE)/%.ansi.o: %.ansi.c       ; @$(COMPILE) -AOBJECTIFY.ansi $(OBJECTIFY.ansi.c) $(OUTPUT_OPTION) $<
 o/$(MODE)/%.ansi.o: %.c            ; @$(COMPILE) -AOBJECTIFY.ansi $(OBJECTIFY.ansi.c) $(OUTPUT_OPTION) $<
@@ -79,7 +80,4 @@ o/$(MODE)/%.zip.o: %               ; @$(COMPILE) -AZIPOBJ $(ZIPOBJ) $(ZIPOBJ_FLA
 o/$(MODE)/%-gcc.asm: %.c           ; @$(COMPILE) -AOBJECTIFY.c $(OBJECTIFY.c) -S -g0 $(OUTPUT_OPTION) $<
 o/$(MODE)/%-clang.asm: %.c         ; @$(COMPILE) -AOBJECTIFY.c $(OBJECTIFY.c) -S -g0 $(OUTPUT_OPTION) $< || echo / need $(CLANG) >$@

-o/$(MODE)/%.lua: %.lua o/$(MODE)/third_party/lua/luac.com
-	@$(COMPILE) -ALUAC -T$@ o/$(MODE)/third_party/lua/luac.com -s -o $@ $<
-
 o/$(MODE)/%-clang.asm: CC = $(CLANG)
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#-*-mode:sh;indent-tabs-mode:nil;tab-width:2;coding:utf-8-*-┐
+#───vi: set net ft=sh ts=2 sts=2 fenc=utf-8 :vi─────────────┘
+#
+# OVERVIEW
+#
+#   SSH Command Wrapper
+#
+# DESCRIPTION
+#
+#   This script, like most of our wrappers, asks the tooling to whine
+#   less often.
+
+exec ${SSH:-ssh} -o LogLevel=QUIET "$@"
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #ifndef COSMOPOLITAN_DSP_CORE_C161_H_
 #define COSMOPOLITAN_DSP_CORE_C161_H_
-#include "libc/macros.internal.h"
+#include "libc/macros.h"
 #if !(__ASSEMBLER__ + __LINKER__ + 0)

 #define EXTRA_SHARP 2
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 #ifndef COSMOPOLITAN_DSP_CORE_C161S_H_
 #define COSMOPOLITAN_DSP_CORE_C161S_H_
 #include "dsp/core/c161.h"
-#include "libc/macros.internal.h"
+#include "libc/macros.h"
 #if !(__ASSEMBLER__ + __LINKER__ + 0)

 forceinline pureconst artificial signed char C161S(signed char al,
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
 │ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
 #include "dsp/core/core.h"
-#include "libc/macros.internal.h"
+#include "libc/macros.h"
 #include "libc/math.h"
 #include "libc/mem/mem.h"

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
 │ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
 #include "libc/limits.h"
-#include "libc/macros.internal.h"
+#include "libc/macros.h"
 #include "libc/math.h"
 #include "libc/str/str.h"

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@
 #include "libc/assert.h"
 #include "libc/dce.h"
 #include "libc/limits.h"
-#include "libc/macros.internal.h"
+#include "libc/macros.h"
 #include "libc/math.h"
 #include "libc/str/str.h"

@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
 #include "dsp/core/core.h"
 #include "dsp/core/q.h"
 #include "libc/dce.h"
-#include "libc/macros.internal.h"
+#include "libc/macros.h"
 #include "libc/math.h"
 #include "libc/str/str.h"

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #ifndef COSMOPOLITAN_DSP_CORE_HALF_H_
 #define COSMOPOLITAN_DSP_CORE_HALF_H_
-#include "libc/macros.internal.h"
+#include "libc/macros.h"
 #if !(__ASSEMBLER__ + __LINKER__ + 0)

 /**
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #ifndef COSMOPOLITAN_DSP_CORE_KS8_H_
 #define COSMOPOLITAN_DSP_CORE_KS8_H_
-#include "libc/macros.internal.h"
+#include "libc/macros.h"
 #if !(__ASSEMBLER__ + __LINKER__ + 0)

 /**
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 #ifndef COSMOPOLITAN_DSP_CORE_KSS8_H_
 #define COSMOPOLITAN_DSP_CORE_KSS8_H_
 #include "libc/limits.h"
-#include "libc/macros.internal.h"
+#include "libc/macros.h"
 #if !(__ASSEMBLER__ + __LINKER__ + 0)

 /**
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
 │ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
 │ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
-#include "libc/macros.internal.h"
+#include "libc/macros.h"

 #define BIAS 0x84

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 #ifndef COSMOPOLITAN_DSP_CORE_Q_H_
 #define COSMOPOLITAN_DSP_CORE_Q_H_
 #include "libc/limits.h"
-#include "libc/macros.internal.h"
+#include "libc/macros.h"
 #include "libc/math.h"
 #if !(__ASSEMBLER__ + __LINKER__ + 0)

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
 │ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
 │ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
-#include "libc/macros.internal.h"
+#include "libc/macros.h"
 .align	16

 //	Mixes audio.
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
 #include "dsp/core/core.h"
 #include "libc/bits/bits.h"
-#include "libc/bits/safemacros.internal.h"
+#include "libc/bits/safemacros.h"
 #include "libc/limits.h"

 /**
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
 │ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
 │ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
-#include "libc/macros.internal.h"
+#include "libc/macros.h"
 .source	__FILE__

 clamp4int256$core:
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@
 #include "libc/bits/initializer.internal.h"
 #include "libc/fmt/conv.h"
 #include "libc/log/log.h"
-#include "libc/macros.internal.h"
+#include "libc/macros.h"
 #include "libc/math.h"
 #include "libc/mem/mem.h"
 #include "libc/str/str.h"
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@
 │  SOFTWARE.                                                                   │
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
 #include "dsp/mpeg/mpeg.h"
-#include "libc/macros.internal.h"
+#include "libc/macros.h"

 asm(".ident\t\"\\n\\n\
 PL_MPEG (MIT License)\\n\
@@ -24,11 +24,11 @@
 #include "libc/limits.h"
 #include "libc/log/check.h"
 #include "libc/log/log.h"
-#include "libc/macros.internal.h"
+#include "libc/macros.h"
 #include "libc/math.h"
 #include "libc/mem/mem.h"
 #include "libc/nexgen32e/bsr.h"
-#include "libc/runtime/gc.internal.h"
+#include "libc/runtime/gc.h"
 #include "libc/str/str.h"
 #include "libc/testlib/testlib.h"
 #include "libc/x/x.h"
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@
 #include "dsp/core/ks8.h"
 #include "dsp/core/kss8.h"
 #include "dsp/scale/cdecimate2xuint8x8.h"
-#include "libc/macros.internal.h"
+#include "libc/macros.h"
 #include "libc/nexgen32e/x86feature.h"
 #include "libc/str/str.h"
 #include "libc/x/x.h"
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
 │ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
 #include "dsp/tty/tty.h"
-#include "libc/bits/safemacros.internal.h"
+#include "libc/bits/safemacros.h"
 #include "libc/bits/weaken.h"
 #include "libc/calls/calls.h"
 #include "libc/calls/termios.h"
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
 │ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
 │ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
-#include "libc/macros.internal.h"
+#include "libc/macros.h"

 //	TODO(jart): write me

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@
 #include "libc/bits/initializer.internal.h"
 #include "libc/limits.h"
 #include "libc/log/log.h"
-#include "libc/macros.internal.h"
+#include "libc/macros.h"
 #include "libc/math.h"
 #include "libc/str/str.h"

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
 #include "dsp/tty/quant.h"
 #include "libc/log/check.h"
-#include "libc/macros.internal.h"
+#include "libc/macros.h"

 struct TtyRgb rgb2ttyi2f_(int r, int g, int b) {
  return rgb2ttyf((__m128){r, g, b} / 255);
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
 │ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
 #include "dsp/tty/quant.h"
-#include "libc/macros.internal.h"
+#include "libc/macros.h"

 struct TtyRgb rgb2xterm24_(int r, int g, int b) {
  return (struct TtyRgb){MAX(MIN(r, 255), 0), MAX(MIN(g, 255), 0),
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
 #include "dsp/tty/tty.h"
 #include "libc/alg/arraylist2.internal.h"
-#include "libc/runtime/gc.internal.h"
+#include "libc/runtime/gc.h"
 #include "libc/x/x.h"

 /* TODO(jart): DELETE */
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
 #include "dsp/tty/itoa8.h"
 #include "dsp/tty/tty.h"
-#include "libc/bits/safemacros.internal.h"
+#include "libc/bits/safemacros.h"
 #include "libc/limits.h"
 #include "libc/log/check.h"

@@ -23,11 +23,11 @@
 #include "dsp/tty/windex.h"
 #include "libc/assert.h"
 #include "libc/bits/bits.h"
-#include "libc/bits/safemacros.internal.h"
+#include "libc/bits/safemacros.h"
 #include "libc/limits.h"
 #include "libc/log/check.h"
 #include "libc/log/log.h"
-#include "libc/macros.internal.h"
+#include "libc/macros.h"
 #include "libc/math.h"
 #include "libc/nexgen32e/x86feature.h"
 #include "libc/runtime/runtime.h"
@@ -26,8 +26,8 @@
 #include "libc/calls/typedef/sigaction_f.h"
 #include "libc/calls/ucontext.h"
 #include "libc/log/log.h"
-#include "libc/macros.internal.h"
-#include "libc/runtime/gc.internal.h"
+#include "libc/macros.h"
+#include "libc/runtime/gc.h"
 #include "libc/runtime/runtime.h"
 #include "libc/str/str.h"
 #include "libc/sysv/consts/fileno.h"
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
 │ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
 │ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
-#include "libc/macros.internal.h"
+#include "libc/macros.h"
 .source	__FILE__

 //	Returns index of minimum uint16 in array.
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
 │ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
 │ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
-#include "libc/macros.internal.h"
+#include "libc/macros.h"
 .source	__FILE__

 //	Returns index of minimum positive int16 in array.
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
 │ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
 #include "libc/nexgen32e/x86feature.h"
-#include "libc/macros.internal.h"
+#include "libc/macros.h"
 .source	__FILE__

 //	Dispatches to fastest windex() implementation.
@@ -1,403 +0,0 @@
-/*-*- mode:c;indent-tabs-mode:nil;c-basic-offset:2;tab-width:8;coding:utf-8 -*-│
-│vi: set net ft=c ts=2 sts=2 sw=2 fenc=utf-8                                :vi│
-╞══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╡
-│ Copyright The Mbed TLS Contributors                                          │
-│                                                                              │
-│ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");              │
-│ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.             │
-│ You may obtain a copy of the License at                                      │
-│                                                                              │
-│     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0                               │
-│                                                                              │
-│ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software          │
-│ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,            │
-│ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.     │
-│ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and          │
-│ limitations under the License.                                               │
-╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
-#include "libc/fmt/conv.h"
-#include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
-#include "libc/sysv/consts/exit.h"
-#include "third_party/mbedtls/ctr_drbg.h"
-#include "third_party/mbedtls/debug.h"
-#include "third_party/mbedtls/entropy.h"
-#include "third_party/mbedtls/net_sockets.h"
-#include "third_party/mbedtls/ssl.h"
-#include "third_party/mbedtls/x509_crt.h"
-
-STATIC_YOINK("ssl_root_support");
-
-#define MODE_NONE 0
-#define MODE_FILE 1
-#define MODE_SSL  2
-
-#define DFL_MODE        MODE_NONE
-#define DFL_FILENAME    "cert.crt"
-#define DFL_CA_FILE     ""
-#define DFL_CRL_FILE    ""
-#define DFL_CA_PATH     "zip:usr/share/ssl/root"
-#define DFL_SERVER_NAME "localhost"
-#define DFL_SERVER_PORT "4433"
-#define DFL_DEBUG_LEVEL 0
-#define DFL_PERMISSIVE  0
-
-#define USAGE_IO                                             \
-  "    ca_file=%%s          file containing top-level CAs\n" \
-  "    ca_path=%%s          dir containing top-level CAs\n"  \
-  "    crl_file=%%s         The single CRL file you want to use\n"
-
-#define USAGE                                             \
-  "\n usage: %s param=<>...\n"                            \
-  "\n acceptable parameters:\n"                           \
-  "    mode=file|ssl        default: none\n"              \
-  "    filename=%%s         default: cert.crt\n" USAGE_IO \
-  "    server_name=%%s      default: localhost\n"         \
-  "    server_port=%%d      default: 4433\n"              \
-  "    debug_level=%%d      default: 0 (disabled)\n"      \
-  "    permissive=%%d       default: 0 (disabled)\n"      \
-  "\n"
-
-/*
- * global options
- */
-struct options {
-  int mode;                /* the mode to run the application in   */
-  const char *filename;    /* filename of the certificate file     */
-  const char *ca_file;     /* the file with the CA certificate(s)  */
-  const char *crl_file;    /* the file with the CRL to use         */
-  const char *ca_path;     /* the path with the CA certificate(s) reside */
-  const char *server_name; /* hostname of the server (client only) */
-  const char *server_port; /* port on which the ssl service runs   */
-  int debug_level;         /* level of debugging                   */
-  int permissive;          /* permissive parsing                   */
-} opt;
-
-static void my_debug(void *ctx, int level, const char *file, int line,
-                     const char *str) {
-  fprintf((FILE *)ctx, "%s:%04d: %s", file, line, str);
-  fflush((FILE *)ctx);
-}
-
-static int my_verify(void *data, mbedtls_x509_crt *crt, int depth,
-                     uint32_t *flags) {
-  char buf[1024];
-  printf("\nVerify requested for (Depth %d):\n", depth);
-  mbedtls_x509_crt_info(buf, sizeof(buf) - 1, "", crt);
-  printf("%s", buf);
-  if (*flags) {
-    mbedtls_x509_crt_verify_info(buf, sizeof(buf), "  ! ", *flags);
-    printf("%s\n", buf);
-  }
-  return 0;
-}
-
-mbedtls_net_context server_fd;
-unsigned char buf[1024];
-mbedtls_entropy_context entropy;
-mbedtls_ctr_drbg_context ctr_drbg;
-mbedtls_ssl_context ssl;
-mbedtls_ssl_config conf;
-mbedtls_x509_crt cacert;
-mbedtls_x509_crl cacrl;
-
-int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
-  int ret = 1;
-  int exit_code = EXIT_FAILURE;
-  int i, j;
-  uint32_t flags;
-  int verify = 0;
-  char *p, *q;
-  const char *pers = "cert_app";
-
-  /*
-   * Set to sane values
-   */
-  mbedtls_net_init(&server_fd);
-  mbedtls_ctr_drbg_init(&ctr_drbg);
-  mbedtls_ssl_init(&ssl);
-  mbedtls_ssl_config_init(&conf);
-  mbedtls_x509_crt_init(&cacert);
-#if defined(MBEDTLS_X509_CRL_PARSE_C)
-  mbedtls_x509_crl_init(&cacrl);
-#else
-  /* Zeroize structure as CRL parsing is not supported and we have to pass
-     it to the verify function */
-  memset(&cacrl, 0, sizeof(mbedtls_x509_crl));
-#endif
-
-  if (argc == 0) {
-  usage:
-    printf(USAGE, program_invocation_name);
-    goto exit;
-  }
-
-  opt.mode = DFL_MODE;
-  opt.filename = DFL_FILENAME;
-  opt.ca_file = DFL_CA_FILE;
-  opt.crl_file = DFL_CRL_FILE;
-  opt.ca_path = DFL_CA_PATH;
-  opt.server_name = DFL_SERVER_NAME;
-  opt.server_port = DFL_SERVER_PORT;
-  opt.debug_level = DFL_DEBUG_LEVEL;
-  opt.permissive = DFL_PERMISSIVE;
-
-  for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
-    p = argv[i];
-    if ((q = strchr(p, '=')) == NULL) goto usage;
-    *q++ = '\0';
-
-    for (j = 0; p + j < q; j++) {
-      if (argv[i][j] >= 'A' && argv[i][j] <= 'Z') argv[i][j] |= 0x20;
-    }
-
-    if (strcmp(p, "mode") == 0) {
-      if (strcmp(q, "file") == 0)
-        opt.mode = MODE_FILE;
-      else if (strcmp(q, "ssl") == 0)
-        opt.mode = MODE_SSL;
-      else
-        goto usage;
-    } else if (strcmp(p, "filename") == 0)
-      opt.filename = q;
-    else if (strcmp(p, "ca_file") == 0)
-      opt.ca_file = q;
-    else if (strcmp(p, "crl_file") == 0)
-      opt.crl_file = q;
-    else if (strcmp(p, "ca_path") == 0)
-      opt.ca_path = q;
-    else if (strcmp(p, "server_name") == 0)
-      opt.server_name = q;
-    else if (strcmp(p, "server_port") == 0)
-      opt.server_port = q;
-    else if (strcmp(p, "debug_level") == 0) {
-      opt.debug_level = atoi(q);
-      if (opt.debug_level < 0 || opt.debug_level > 65535) goto usage;
-    } else if (strcmp(p, "permissive") == 0) {
-      opt.permissive = atoi(q);
-      if (opt.permissive < 0 || opt.permissive > 1) goto usage;
-    } else
-      goto usage;
-  }
-
-  /*
-   * 1.1. Load the trusted CA
-   */
-  printf("  . Loading the CA root certificate ...");
-  fflush(stdout);
-
-  if (strlen(opt.ca_path)) {
-    if ((ret = mbedtls_x509_crt_parse_path(&cacert, opt.ca_path)) < 0) {
-      printf(" failed\n  !  mbedtls_x509_crt_parse_path returned -0x%x\n\n",
-             (unsigned int)-ret);
-      goto exit;
-    }
-
-    verify = 1;
-  } else if (strlen(opt.ca_file)) {
-    if ((ret = mbedtls_x509_crt_parse_file(&cacert, opt.ca_file)) < 0) {
-      printf(" failed\n  !  mbedtls_x509_crt_parse_file returned -0x%x\n\n",
-             (unsigned int)-ret);
-      goto exit;
-    }
-
-    verify = 1;
-  }
-
-  printf(" ok (%d skipped)\n", ret);
-
-#if defined(MBEDTLS_X509_CRL_PARSE_C)
-  if (strlen(opt.crl_file)) {
-    if ((ret = mbedtls_x509_crl_parse_file(&cacrl, opt.crl_file)) != 0) {
-      printf(" failed\n  !  mbedtls_x509_crl_parse returned -0x%x\n\n",
-             (unsigned int)-ret);
-      goto exit;
-    }
-
-    verify = 1;
-  }
-#endif
-
-  if (opt.mode == MODE_FILE) {
-    mbedtls_x509_crt crt;
-    mbedtls_x509_crt *cur = &crt;
-    mbedtls_x509_crt_init(&crt);
-
-    /*
-     * 1.1. Load the certificate(s)
-     */
-    printf("\n  . Loading the certificate(s) ...");
-    fflush(stdout);
-
-    ret = mbedtls_x509_crt_parse_file(&crt, opt.filename);
-
-    if (ret < 0) {
-      printf(" failed\n  !  mbedtls_x509_crt_parse_file returned -0x%04x\n\n",
-             -ret);
-      mbedtls_x509_crt_free(&crt);
-      goto exit;
-    }
-
-    if (opt.permissive == 0 && ret > 0) {
-      printf(" failed\n  !  mbedtls_x509_crt_parse failed to parse %d "
-             "certificates\n\n",
-             ret);
-      mbedtls_x509_crt_free(&crt);
-      goto exit;
-    }
-
-    printf(" ok\n");
-
-    /*
-     * 1.2 Print the certificate(s)
-     */
-    while (cur != NULL) {
-      printf("  . Peer certificate information    ...\n");
-      ret = mbedtls_x509_crt_info((char *)buf, sizeof(buf) - 1, "      ", cur);
-      if (ret == -1) {
-        printf(" failed\n  !  mbedtls_x509_crt_info returned -0x%04x\n\n",
-               -ret);
-        mbedtls_x509_crt_free(&crt);
-        goto exit;
-      }
-
-      printf("%s\n", buf);
-
-      cur = cur->next;
-    }
-
-    /*
-     * 1.3 Verify the certificate
-     */
-    if (verify) {
-      printf("  . Verifying X.509 certificate...");
-
-      if ((ret = mbedtls_x509_crt_verify(&crt, &cacert, &cacrl, NULL, &flags,
-                                         my_verify, NULL)) != 0) {
-        char vrfy_buf[512];
-
-        printf(" failed\n");
-
-        mbedtls_x509_crt_verify_info(vrfy_buf, sizeof(vrfy_buf), "  ! ", flags);
-
-        printf("%s\n", vrfy_buf);
-      } else
-        printf(" ok\n");
-    }
-
-    mbedtls_x509_crt_free(&crt);
-  } else if (opt.mode == MODE_SSL) {
-    /*
-     * 1. Initialize the RNG and the session data
-     */
-    printf("\n  . Seeding the random number generator...");
-    fflush(stdout);
-
-    mbedtls_entropy_init(&entropy);
-    if ((ret = mbedtls_ctr_drbg_seed(&ctr_drbg, mbedtls_entropy_func, &entropy,
-                                     (const unsigned char *)pers,
-                                     strlen(pers))) != 0) {
-      printf(" failed\n  ! mbedtls_ctr_drbg_seed returned %d\n", ret);
-      goto ssl_exit;
-    }
-
-    printf(" ok\n");
-
-#if defined(MBEDTLS_DEBUG_C)
-    mbedtls_debug_set_threshold(opt.debug_level);
-#endif
-
-    /*
-     * 2. Start the connection
-     */
-    printf("  . Connecting to tcp/%s/%s...\n", opt.server_name,
-           opt.server_port);
-
-    if ((ret = mbedtls_net_connect(&server_fd, opt.server_name, opt.server_port,
-                                   MBEDTLS_NET_PROTO_TCP)) != 0) {
-      printf("  ! mbedtls_net_connect returned -0x%04x\n\n", -ret);
-      goto ssl_exit;
-    }
-
-    /*
-     * 3. Setup stuff
-     */
-    if ((ret = mbedtls_ssl_config_defaults(&conf, MBEDTLS_SSL_IS_CLIENT,
-                                           MBEDTLS_SSL_TRANSPORT_STREAM,
-                                           MBEDTLS_SSL_PRESET_DEFAULT)) != 0) {
-      printf("  ! mbedtls_ssl_config_defaults returned -0x%04x\n\n", -ret);
-      goto exit;
-    }
-
-    if (verify) {
-      mbedtls_ssl_conf_authmode(&conf, MBEDTLS_SSL_VERIFY_REQUIRED);
-      mbedtls_ssl_conf_ca_chain(&conf, &cacert, NULL);
-      mbedtls_ssl_conf_verify(&conf, my_verify, NULL);
-    } else
-      mbedtls_ssl_conf_authmode(&conf, MBEDTLS_SSL_VERIFY_NONE);
-
-    mbedtls_ssl_conf_rng(&conf, mbedtls_ctr_drbg_random, &ctr_drbg);
-    mbedtls_ssl_conf_dbg(&conf, my_debug, stdout);
-
-    if ((ret = mbedtls_ssl_setup(&ssl, &conf)) != 0) {
-      printf("  ! mbedtls_ssl_setup returned -0x%04x\n\n", -ret);
-      goto ssl_exit;
-    }
-
-    if ((ret = mbedtls_ssl_set_hostname(&ssl, opt.server_name)) != 0) {
-      printf("  ! mbedtls_ssl_set_hostname returned -0x%04x\n\n", -ret);
-      goto ssl_exit;
-    }
-
-    mbedtls_ssl_set_bio(&ssl, &server_fd, mbedtls_net_send, mbedtls_net_recv,
-                        NULL);
-
-    /*
-     * 4. Handshake
-     */
-    while ((ret = mbedtls_ssl_handshake(&ssl)) != 0) {
-      if (ret != MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_WANT_READ &&
-          ret != MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_WANT_WRITE) {
-        printf("  ! mbedtls_ssl_handshake returned -0x%04x\n\n", -ret);
-        goto ssl_exit;
-      }
-    }
-
-    /*
-     * 5. Print the certificate
-     */
-#if !defined(MBEDTLS_SSL_KEEP_PEER_CERTIFICATE)
-    printf("  . Peer certificate information    ... skipped\n");
-#else
-    printf("  . Peer certificate information    ...\n");
-    ret = mbedtls_x509_crt_info((char *)buf, sizeof(buf) - 1, "      ",
-                                mbedtls_ssl_get_peer_cert(&ssl));
-    if (ret == -1) {
-      printf(" failed\n  !  mbedtls_x509_crt_info returned -0x%04x\n\n", -ret);
-      goto ssl_exit;
-    }
-
-    printf("%s\n", buf);
-#endif /* MBEDTLS_SSL_KEEP_PEER_CERTIFICATE */
-
-    mbedtls_ssl_close_notify(&ssl);
-
-  ssl_exit:
-    mbedtls_ssl_free(&ssl);
-    mbedtls_ssl_config_free(&conf);
-  } else
-    goto usage;
-
-  exit_code = MBEDTLS_EXIT_SUCCESS;
-
-exit:
-
-  mbedtls_net_free(&server_fd);
-  mbedtls_x509_crt_free(&cacert);
-#if defined(MBEDTLS_X509_CRL_PARSE_C)
-  mbedtls_x509_crl_free(&cacrl);
-#endif
-  mbedtls_ctr_drbg_free(&ctr_drbg);
-  mbedtls_entropy_free(&entropy);
-
-  mbedtls_exit(exit_code);
-}
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ void GetOpts(int argc, char *argv[]) {

 int cp(const char *src, const char *dst) {
  if (endswith(dst, "/") || isdirectory(dst)) {
-    dst = _gc(xasprintf("%s/%s", dst, basename));
+    dst = gc(xasprintf("%s/%s", dst, basename));
  }
  if (!force && access(dst, W_OK) == -1 && errno != ENOENT) goto OnFail;
  if (copyfile(src, dst, flags) == -1) goto OnFail;
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
 │ TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR             │
 │ PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.                                                │
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
-#include "libc/bits/safemacros.internal.h"
+#include "libc/bits/safemacros.h"
 #include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
 #include "libc/str/str.h"

@@ -7,23 +7,88 @@
 │   • http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/            │
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
 #endif
+#include "libc/bits/pushpop.h"
+#include "libc/calls/calls.h"
+#include "libc/calls/ucontext.h"
 #include "libc/log/log.h"
+#include "libc/math.h"
+#include "libc/nt/enum/errormodeflags.h"
+#include "libc/nt/signals.h"
+#include "libc/runtime/runtime.h"
+#include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"

 /**
- * @fileoverview How to print backtraces and cpu state on crash.
+ * @fileoverview Demonstrates SEGFAULT via NULL pointer dereference.
 *
- *     make -j8 -O o//examples/crashreport.com
- *     o//examples/crashreport.com
+ * In MODE=dbg mode, UBSAN should catch this and display a backtrace.
+ * In most other modes, e.g. MODE=balanced, the oncrash.c sig handler
+ * will either launch GDB or display a very fancy report.
+ *
+ *     make -j8 -O MODE=opt o/opt/examples/crashreportdemo.com
+ *     o/opt/examples/crashreportdemo.com
 *
 * To prevent the GDB GUI from popping up:
 *
- *     export GDB=
- *     make -j8 -O o//examples/crashreport.com
- *     o//examples/crashreport.com
+ *     export GDB=""
+ *     make -j8 -O MODE=opt o/opt/examples/crashreportdemo.com
+ *     o/opt/examples/crashreportdemo.com
 */

+int boo;
+
+void boop(void);
+
 int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
-  volatile int64_t x;
+  int64_t res;
  showcrashreports();
-  return 1 / (x = 0);
+  res = 0;
+
+  asm volatile("mov\t$0x1111111111111111,%rax\n\t"
+               "mov\t$0x3333333333333333,%rcx\n\t"
+               "mov\t$0x4444444444444444,%rdx\n\t"
+               "mov\t$0x8888888888888888,%r8\n\t"
+               "mov\t$0x9999999999999999,%r9d\n\t"
+               "mov\t$0xaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa,%r10d\n\t"
+               "mov\t$0xbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbb,%r11d\n\t"
+               "mov\t$0x0000000000000000,%rax\n\t"
+               "movd\t%rax,%xmm0\n\t"
+               "mov\t$0x1111111111111111,%rax\n\t"
+               "push\t%rax\n\t"
+               "push\t%rax\n\t"
+               "movdqu\t(%rsp),%xmm1\n\t"
+               "pop\t%rax\n\t"
+               "pop\t%rax\n\t"
+               "mov\t$0x2222222222220022,%rax\n\t"
+               "movd\t%rax,%xmm2\n\t"
+               "mov\t$0x3333333333333333,%rax\n\t"
+               "movd\t%rax,%xmm3\n\t"
+               "mov\t$0x4444444444444444,%rax\n\t"
+               "movd\t%rax,%xmm4\n\t"
+               "mov\t$0x5555555555555555,%rax\n\t"
+               "movd\t%rax,%xmm5\n\t"
+               "mov\t$0x6666666666666666,%rax\n\t"
+               "movd\t%rax,%xmm6\n\t"
+               "mov\t$0x7777777777777777,%rax\n\t"
+               "movd\t%rax,%xmm7\n\t"
+               "mov\t$0x8888888888888888,%rax\n\t"
+               "movd\t%rax,%xmm8\n\t"
+               "mov\t$0x9999999999999999,%rax\n\t"
+               "movd\t%rax,%xmm9\n\t"
+               "mov\t$0xaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa,%rax\n\t"
+               "movd\t%rax,%xmm10\n\t"
+               "mov\t$0xbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbb,%rax\n\t"
+               "movd\t%rax,%xmm11\n\t"
+               "mov\t$0xcccccccccccccccc,%rax\n\t"
+               "movd\t%rax,%xmm12\n\t"
+               "mov\t$0xdddddddddddddddd,%rax\n\t"
+               "movd\t%rax,%xmm13\n\t"
+               "mov\t$0xeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee,%rax\n\t"
+               "movd\t%rax,%xmm14\n\t"
+               "mov\t$0xffffffffffffffff,%rax\n\t"
+               "movd\t%rax,%xmm15\n\t"
+               "fldpi\n\t"
+               "xor\t%eax,%eax\n\t"
+               "div\t%eax\n\t");
+
+  return res;
 }
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@
 #include "libc/log/log.h"
 #include "libc/mem/mem.h"
 #include "libc/nt/thread.h"
+#include "libc/runtime/gc.h"
 #include "libc/runtime/runtime.h"
 #include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
 #include "libc/str/str.h"
@@ -31,9 +32,9 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
  ssize_t rc;
  size_t got, wrote;
  unsigned char buf[512];
-  struct sigaction saint = {.sa_handler = GotCtrlC};
  fprintf(stderr, "This echos stdio until Ctrl+C is pressed.\n");
-  CHECK_NE(-1, sigaction(SIGINT, &saint, NULL));
+  CHECK_NE(
+      -1, sigaction(SIGINT, &(struct sigaction){.sa_handler = GotCtrlC}, NULL));
  for (;;) {
    rc = read(0, buf, BUFSIZ);
    if (rc != -1) {
@@ -7,50 +7,25 @@
 │   • http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/            │
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
 #endif
-#include "libc/bits/safemacros.internal.h"
-#include "libc/calls/calls.h"
-#include "libc/calls/struct/iovec.h"
-#include "libc/dce.h"
+#include "libc/bits/safemacros.h"
 #include "libc/dns/dns.h"
-#include "libc/errno.h"
 #include "libc/fmt/conv.h"
 #include "libc/fmt/fmt.h"
 #include "libc/log/check.h"
 #include "libc/log/log.h"
-#include "libc/macros.internal.h"
-#include "libc/rand/rand.h"
+#include "libc/macros.h"
 #include "libc/runtime/gc.h"
 #include "libc/runtime/runtime.h"
-#include "libc/sock/goodsocket.internal.h"
 #include "libc/sock/sock.h"
-#include "libc/stdio/append.internal.h"
 #include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
-#include "libc/str/slice.h"
 #include "libc/str/str.h"
 #include "libc/sysv/consts/af.h"
-#include "libc/sysv/consts/dt.h"
-#include "libc/sysv/consts/ex.h"
-#include "libc/sysv/consts/exit.h"
+#include "libc/sysv/consts/ai.h"
 #include "libc/sysv/consts/ipproto.h"
 #include "libc/sysv/consts/shut.h"
-#include "libc/sysv/consts/sig.h"
-#include "libc/sysv/consts/so.h"
 #include "libc/sysv/consts/sock.h"
-#include "libc/sysv/consts/sol.h"
-#include "libc/sysv/consts/tcp.h"
-#include "libc/time/struct/tm.h"
 #include "libc/x/x.h"
-#include "net/http/http.h"
-#include "net/http/url.h"
-#include "net/https/https.h"
-#include "net/https/sslcache.h"
-#include "third_party/getopt/getopt.h"
-#include "third_party/mbedtls/ctr_drbg.h"
-#include "third_party/mbedtls/debug.h"
-#include "third_party/mbedtls/error.h"
-#include "third_party/mbedtls/pk.h"
-#include "third_party/mbedtls/ssl.h"
-#include "third_party/mbedtls/ssl_ticket.h"
+#include "net/http/uri.h"

 /**
 * @fileoverview Downloads HTTP URL to stdout.
@@ -59,347 +34,73 @@
 *     o//examples/curl.com http://justine.lol/ape.html
 */

-#define HasHeader(H)    (!!msg.headers[H].a)
-#define HeaderData(H)   (p + msg.headers[H].a)
-#define HeaderLength(H) (msg.headers[H].b - msg.headers[H].a)
-#define HeaderEqualCase(H, S) \
-  SlicesEqualCase(S, strlen(S), HeaderData(H), HeaderLength(H))
-
-static bool TuneSocket(int fd, int a, int b, int x) {
-  if (!b) return false;
-  return setsockopt(fd, a, b, &x, sizeof(x)) != -1;
-}
-
-static int TlsSend(void *c, const unsigned char *p, size_t n) {
-  int rc;
-  NOISEF("begin send %zu", n);
-  CHECK_NE(-1, (rc = write(*(int *)c, p, n)));
-  NOISEF("end   send %zu", n);
-  return rc;
-}
-
-static int TlsRecv(void *c, unsigned char *p, size_t n, uint32_t o) {
-  int r;
-  struct iovec v[2];
-  static unsigned a, b;
-  static unsigned char t[4096];
-  if (a < b) {
-    r = MIN(n, b - a);
-    memcpy(p, t + a, r);
-    if ((a += r) == b) a = b = 0;
-    return r;
-  }
-  v[0].iov_base = p;
-  v[0].iov_len = n;
-  v[1].iov_base = t;
-  v[1].iov_len = sizeof(t);
-  NOISEF("begin recv %zu", n + sizeof(t) - b);
-  CHECK_NE(-1, (r = readv(*(int *)c, v, 2)));
-  NOISEF("end   recv %zu", r);
-  if (r > n) b = r - n;
-  return MIN(n, r);
-}
-
-static wontreturn void PrintUsage(FILE *f, int rc) {
-  fprintf(f, "usage: %s [-ksvV] URL\n", program_invocation_name);
-  exit(rc);
-}
-
 int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
-  if (!NoDebug()) showcrashreports();
-  xsigaction(SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN, 0, 0, 0);
-
-  /*
-   * Read flags.
-   */
-  int opt;
-  struct Headers {
-    size_t n;
-    char **p;
-  } headers = {0};
-  int method = kHttpGet;
-  bool authmode = MBEDTLS_SSL_VERIFY_REQUIRED;
-  const char *agent = "hurl/1.o (https://github.com/jart/cosmopolitan)";
-  __log_level = kLogWarn;
-  while ((opt = getopt(argc, argv, "qksvVIX:H:A:")) != -1) {
-    switch (opt) {
-      case 's':
-      case 'q':
-        break;
-      case 'v':
-        ++__log_level;
-        break;
-      case 'I':
-        method = kHttpHead;
-        break;
-      case 'A':
-        agent = optarg;
-        break;
-      case 'H':
-        headers.p = realloc(headers.p, ++headers.n * sizeof(*headers.p));
-        headers.p[headers.n - 1] = optarg;
-        break;
-      case 'X':
-        CHECK((method = GetHttpMethod(optarg, strlen(optarg))));
-        break;
-      case 'V':
-        ++mbedtls_debug_threshold;
-        break;
-      case 'k':
-        authmode = MBEDTLS_SSL_VERIFY_NONE;
-        break;
-      case 'h':
-        PrintUsage(stdout, EXIT_SUCCESS);
-      default:
-        PrintUsage(stderr, EX_USAGE);
-    }
-  }
-
-  /*
-   * Get argument.
-   */
-  const char *urlarg;
-  if (optind == argc) PrintUsage(stderr, EX_USAGE);
-  urlarg = argv[optind];
-
-  /*
-   * Parse URL.
-   */
-  struct Url url;
-  char *host, *port;
-  bool usessl = false;
-  _gc(ParseUrl(urlarg, -1, &url));
-  _gc(url.params.p);
-  if (url.scheme.n) {
-    if (url.scheme.n == 5 && !memcasecmp(url.scheme.p, "https", 5)) {
-      usessl = true;
-    } else if (!(url.scheme.n == 4 && !memcasecmp(url.scheme.p, "http", 4))) {
-      fprintf(stderr, "error: not an http/https url: %s\n", urlarg);
-      exit(1);
-    }
-  }
-  if (url.host.n) {
-    host = _gc(strndup(url.host.p, url.host.n));
-    if (url.port.n) {
-      port = _gc(strndup(url.port.p, url.port.n));
-    } else {
-      port = usessl ? "443" : "80";
-    }
-  } else {
-    host = "127.0.0.1";
-    port = usessl ? "443" : "80";
-  }
-  if (!IsAcceptableHost(host, -1)) {
-    fprintf(stderr, "error: invalid host: %s\n", urlarg);
-    exit(1);
-  }
-  url.fragment.p = 0, url.fragment.n = 0;
-  url.scheme.p = 0, url.scheme.n = 0;
-  url.user.p = 0, url.user.n = 0;
-  url.pass.p = 0, url.pass.n = 0;
-  url.host.p = 0, url.host.n = 0;
-  url.port.p = 0, url.port.n = 0;
-  if (!url.path.n || url.path.p[0] != '/') {
-    char *p = _gc(xmalloc(1 + url.path.n));
-    mempcpy(mempcpy(p, "/", 1), url.path.p, url.path.n);
-    url.path.p = p;
-    ++url.path.n;
-  }
-
-  /*
-   * Create HTTP message.
-   */
-  char *request = 0;
-  appendf(&request,
-          "%s %s HTTP/1.1\r\n"
-          "Host: %s:%s\r\n"
-          "Connection: close\r\n"
-          "User-Agent: %s\r\n",
-          kHttpMethod[method], _gc(EncodeUrl(&url, 0)), host, port, agent);
-  for (int i = 0; i < headers.n; ++i) {
-    appendf(&request, "%s\r\n", headers.p[i]);
-  }
-  appendf(&request, "\r\n");
-
-  /*
-   * Setup crypto.
-   */
-  mbedtls_ssl_config conf;
-  mbedtls_ssl_context ssl;
-  mbedtls_x509_crt *cachain = 0;
-  mbedtls_ctr_drbg_context drbg;
-  if (usessl) {
-    mbedtls_ssl_init(&ssl);
-    mbedtls_ctr_drbg_init(&drbg);
-    mbedtls_ssl_config_init(&conf);
-    cachain = GetSslRoots();
-    CHECK_EQ(0, mbedtls_ctr_drbg_seed(&drbg, GetEntropy, 0, "justine", 7));
-    CHECK_EQ(0, mbedtls_ssl_config_defaults(&conf, MBEDTLS_SSL_IS_CLIENT,
-                                            MBEDTLS_SSL_TRANSPORT_STREAM,
-                                            MBEDTLS_SSL_PRESET_DEFAULT));
-    mbedtls_ssl_conf_authmode(&conf, authmode);
-    mbedtls_ssl_conf_ca_chain(&conf, cachain, 0);
-    mbedtls_ssl_conf_rng(&conf, mbedtls_ctr_drbg_random, &drbg);
-    if (!IsTiny()) mbedtls_ssl_conf_dbg(&conf, TlsDebug, 0);
-    CHECK_EQ(0, mbedtls_ssl_setup(&ssl, &conf));
-    CHECK_EQ(0, mbedtls_ssl_set_hostname(&ssl, host));
-  }
-
-  /*
-   * Perform DNS lookup.
-   */
-  struct addrinfo *addr;
+  int sock;
+  ssize_t rc;
+  unsigned long need;
+  struct UriSlice path;
+  size_t i, got, toto, msglen;
+  char buf[1500], host[256], port[7];
+  const char *url, *msg, *pathstr, *crlfcrlf, *contentlength;
+  struct UriSlice us[16];
+  struct Uri u = {.segs.p = us, .segs.n = ARRAYLEN(us)};
+  struct addrinfo *addr, *addrs;
  struct addrinfo hints = {.ai_family = AF_INET,
                           .ai_socktype = SOCK_STREAM,
                           .ai_protocol = IPPROTO_TCP,
                           .ai_flags = AI_NUMERICSERV};
-  CHECK_EQ(EAI_SUCCESS, getaddrinfo(host, port, &hints, &addr));
-
-  /*
-   * Connect to server.
-   */
-  int ret, sock;
-  CHECK_NE(-1, (sock = GoodSocket(addr->ai_family, addr->ai_socktype,
-                                  addr->ai_protocol, false,
-                                  &(struct timeval){-60})));
-  CHECK_NE(-1, connect(sock, addr->ai_addr, addr->ai_addrlen));
-  freeaddrinfo(addr);
-  if (usessl) {
-    mbedtls_ssl_set_bio(&ssl, &sock, TlsSend, 0, TlsRecv);
-    if ((ret = mbedtls_ssl_handshake(&ssl))) {
-      TlsDie("ssl handshake", ret);
-    }
+  if (argc != 2) {
+    fprintf(stderr, "USAGE: %s URL\n", argv[0]);
+    exit(1);
  }
-
-  /*
-   * Send HTTP Message.
-   */
-  size_t n;
-  n = appendz(request).i;
-  if (usessl) {
-    ret = mbedtls_ssl_write(&ssl, request, n);
-    if (ret != n) TlsDie("ssl write", ret);
-  } else {
-    CHECK_EQ(n, write(sock, request, n));
-  }
-
-  /*
-   * Handle response.
-   */
-  int t;
-  char *p;
-  ssize_t rc;
-  struct HttpMessage msg;
-  struct HttpUnchunker u;
-  size_t g, i, hdrlen, paylen;
-  InitHttpMessage(&msg, kHttpResponse);
-  for (p = 0, hdrlen = paylen = t = i = n = 0;;) {
-    if (i == n) {
-      n += 1000;
-      n += n >> 1;
-      p = realloc(p, n);
-    }
-    if (usessl) {
-      if ((rc = mbedtls_ssl_read(&ssl, p + i, n - i)) < 0) {
-        if (rc == MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_PEER_CLOSE_NOTIFY) {
-          rc = 0;
-        } else {
-          TlsDie("ssl read", rc);
-        }
-      }
-    } else {
-      CHECK_NE(-1, (rc = read(sock, p + i, n - i)));
-    }
-    g = rc;
-    i += g;
-    switch (t) {
-      case kHttpClientStateHeaders:
-        CHECK(g);
-        CHECK_NE(-1, (rc = ParseHttpMessage(&msg, p, i)));
-        if (rc) {
-          hdrlen = rc;
-          if (100 <= msg.status && msg.status <= 199) {
-            CHECK(!HasHeader(kHttpContentLength) ||
-                  HeaderEqualCase(kHttpContentLength, "0"));
-            CHECK(!HasHeader(kHttpTransferEncoding) ||
-                  HeaderEqualCase(kHttpTransferEncoding, "identity"));
-            DestroyHttpMessage(&msg);
-            InitHttpMessage(&msg, kHttpResponse);
-            memmove(p, p + hdrlen, i - hdrlen);
-            i -= hdrlen;
-            break;
-          }
-          if (method == kHttpHead) {
-            CHECK_EQ(hdrlen, write(1, p, hdrlen));
-            goto Finished;
-          } else if (msg.status == 204 || msg.status == 304) {
-            goto Finished;
-          }
-          if (HasHeader(kHttpTransferEncoding) &&
-              !HeaderEqualCase(kHttpTransferEncoding, "identity")) {
-            CHECK(HeaderEqualCase(kHttpTransferEncoding, "chunked"));
-            t = kHttpClientStateBodyChunked;
-            memset(&u, 0, sizeof(u));
-            goto Chunked;
-          } else if (HasHeader(kHttpContentLength)) {
-            CHECK_NE(-1, (rc = ParseContentLength(
-                              HeaderData(kHttpContentLength),
-                              HeaderLength(kHttpContentLength))));
-            t = kHttpClientStateBodyLengthed;
-            paylen = rc;
-            if (paylen > i - hdrlen) {
-              CHECK_EQ(i - hdrlen, write(1, p + hdrlen, i - hdrlen));
-            } else {
-              CHECK_EQ(paylen, write(1, p + hdrlen, paylen));
-              goto Finished;
-            }
-          } else {
-            t = kHttpClientStateBody;
-            CHECK_EQ(i - hdrlen, write(1, p + hdrlen, i - hdrlen));
-          }
-        }
-        break;
-      case kHttpClientStateBody:
-        if (!g) goto Finished;
-        CHECK_EQ(g, write(1, p + i - g, g));
-        break;
-      case kHttpClientStateBodyLengthed:
-        CHECK(g);
-        if (i - hdrlen > paylen) g = hdrlen + paylen - (i - g);
-        CHECK_EQ(g, write(1, p + i - g, g));
-        if (i - hdrlen >= paylen) goto Finished;
-        break;
-      case kHttpClientStateBodyChunked:
-      Chunked:
-        CHECK_NE(-1, (rc = Unchunk(&u, p + hdrlen, i - hdrlen, &paylen)));
-        if (rc) {
-          CHECK_EQ(paylen, write(1, p + hdrlen, paylen));
-          goto Finished;
-        }
-        break;
-      default:
-        abort();
+  url = argv[1];
+  CHECK_NE(-1, uriparse(&u, url, strlen(url)), "BAD URL: %`'s", url);
+  CHECK_EQ(kUriSchemeHttp, urischeme(u.scheme, url));
+  urislice2cstr(host, sizeof(host), u.host, url, "127.0.0.1");
+  urislice2cstr(port, sizeof(port), u.port, url, "80");
+  path = uripath(&u);
+  pathstr = path.n ? url + path.i : "/";
+  msg = gc(xstrcat("GET ", pathstr,
+                   " HTTP/1.1\r\n"
+                   "Host: ",
+                   host,
+                   "\r\n"
+                   "Connection: close\r\n"
+                   "Content-Length: 0\r\n"
+                   "Accept: text/plain; */*\r\n"
+                   "Accept-Encoding: identity\r\n"
+                   "User-Agent: github.com/jart/cosmopolitan\r\n"
+                   "\r\n"));
+  msglen = strlen(msg);
+  CHECK_EQ(EAI_SUCCESS, getaddrinfo(host, port, &hints, &addrs));
+  for (addr = addrs; addr; addr = addr->ai_next) {
+    CHECK_NE(-1, (sock = socket(addr->ai_family, addr->ai_socktype,
+                                addr->ai_protocol)));
+    CHECK_NE(-1, connect(sock, addr->ai_addr, addr->ai_addrlen));
+    CHECK_EQ(msglen, write(sock, msg, msglen));
+    shutdown(sock, SHUT_WR);
+    buf[0] = '\0';
+    CHECK_NE(-1, (rc = read(sock, buf, sizeof(buf))));
+    got = rc;
+    CHECK(startswith(buf, "HTTP/1.1 200"), "%`'.*s", got, buf);
+    CHECK_NOTNULL((crlfcrlf = memmem(buf, got, "\r\n\r\n", 4)));
+    need = strtol((char *)firstnonnull(
+                      memmem(buf, crlfcrlf - buf, "\r\nContent-Length: ", 18),
+                      firstnonnull(memmem(buf, crlfcrlf - buf,
+                                          "\r\ncontent-length: ", 18),
+                                   "\r\nContent-Length: -1")) +
+                      18,
+                  NULL, 10);
+    got = MIN(got - (crlfcrlf + 4 - buf), need);
+    CHECK_EQ(got, write(1, crlfcrlf + 4, got));
+    for (toto = got; toto < need; toto += got) {
+      CHECK_NE(-1, (rc = read(sock, buf, sizeof(buf))));
+      if (!(got = rc)) exit(18);
+      got = MIN(got, need - toto);
+      CHECK_EQ(got, write(1, buf, got));
    }
+    close(sock);
+    break;
  }
-
-/*
- * Close connection.
- */
-Finished:
-  CHECK_NE(-1, close(sock));
-
-  /*
-   * Free memory.
-   */
-  free(p);
-  free(headers.p);
-  if (usessl) {
-    mbedtls_ssl_free(&ssl);
-    mbedtls_ctr_drbg_free(&drbg);
-    mbedtls_ssl_config_free(&conf);
-    mbedtls_x509_crt_free(cachain);
-    mbedtls_ctr_drbg_free(&drbg);
-  }
-
  return 0;
 }
@@ -16,6 +16,6 @@
 */

 int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
-  puts(_gc(xiso8601ts(NULL)));
+  puts(gc(xiso8601ts(NULL)));
  return 0;
 }
@@ -0,0 +1,376 @@
+#if 0
+/*─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╗
+│ To the extent possible under law, Justine Tunney has waived      │
+│ all copyright and related or neighboring rights to this file,    │
+│ as it is written in the following disclaimers:                   │
+│   • http://unlicense.org/                                        │
+│   • http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/            │
+╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#endif
+#include "dsp/core/core.h"
+#include "dsp/core/twixt8.h"
+#include "dsp/scale/scale.h"
+#include "dsp/tty/itoa8.h"
+#include "dsp/tty/quant.h"
+#include "libc/alg/arraylist2.internal.h"
+#include "libc/calls/calls.h"
+#include "libc/calls/ioctl.h"
+#include "libc/calls/struct/stat.h"
+#include "libc/calls/struct/winsize.h"
+#include "libc/limits.h"
+#include "libc/log/check.h"
+#include "libc/log/log.h"
+#include "libc/macros.h"
+#include "libc/math.h"
+#include "libc/mem/mem.h"
+#include "libc/runtime/gc.h"
+#include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
+#include "libc/str/str.h"
+#include "libc/sysv/consts/fileno.h"
+#include "libc/sysv/consts/map.h"
+#include "libc/sysv/consts/o.h"
+#include "libc/sysv/consts/prot.h"
+#include "libc/sysv/consts/termios.h"
+#include "libc/x/x.h"
+#include "third_party/stb/stb_image.h"
+
+/**
+ * Hat tips go out to Hornet, CRTC, DESiRE, Hans Petter Jansson, Guihua
+ * Cui, Ming Ronnier Luoand anyone else Mister Rogers would describe as
+ * the The Helpers Of This World who've helped us learn more about the
+ * cool yet exceedingly difficult things possible to do with graphics.
+ */
+
+#define DIN99          1
+#define GAMMA          4.1
+#define GAMMA_A        .05
+#define GAMMA_B        50.
+#define GAMMA_C        .055
+#define COLORSPACE_SRC kSrgbD65ToXyzD50
+#define COLORSPACE_TTY kSrgbD65ToXyzD50
+
+#define SQR(X) ((X) * (X))
+#define DEG(X) ((X)*M_PI / 180)
+
+const double kXyzKappa = 24389 / 27.;
+const double kXyzEpsilon = 216 / 24389.;
+
+const double kSrgbD65ToXyzD50[3][3] = {
+    {.4360747, .3850649, .1430804},
+    {.2225045, .7168786, .0606169},
+    {.0139322, .0971045, .7141733},
+};
+
+const double kCieRgbEToXyz[3][3] = {
+    {.4887180, .3106803, .2006017},
+    {.1762044, .8129847, .0108109},
+    {.0000000, .0102048, .9897952},
+};
+
+const unsigned char kShadePct[] = {0300, 0200, 0100};
+const unsigned short kShadeRune[] = {u'▓', u'▒', u'░'};
+
+const unsigned char kAnsiTango[16][3] = {
+    {46, 52, 54},    {204, 0, 0},     {78, 154, 6},   {196, 160, 0},
+    {52, 101, 164},  {117, 80, 123},  {6, 152, 154},  {211, 215, 207},
+    {85, 87, 83},    {239, 41, 41},   {138, 226, 52}, {252, 233, 79},
+    {114, 159, 207}, {173, 127, 168}, {52, 226, 226}, {238, 238, 236},
+};
+
+const unsigned char kCga[16][3] = {
+    {0, 0, 0},     {170, 0, 0},    {0, 170, 0},    {170, 85, 0},
+    {0, 0, 170},   {170, 0, 170},  {0, 170, 170},  {170, 170, 170},
+    {85, 85, 85},  {255, 85, 85},  {85, 255, 85},  {255, 255, 85},
+    {85, 85, 255}, {255, 85, 255}, {85, 255, 255}, {255, 255, 255},
+};
+
+struct Blends {
+  size_t i, n;
+  struct Blend {
+    unsigned char color[4];
+    unsigned char bg, fg;
+    unsigned short rune;
+  } * p;
+} blends;
+
+static double Gamma(double x) {
+  if (x < GAMMA_A) return x / GAMMA_B;
+  return pow(1 / (1 + GAMMA_C) * (x + GAMMA_C), GAMMA);
+}
+
+static void *LoadRgb(double rgb[3], const unsigned char pix[3]) {
+  rgb[0] = Gamma(1. / 255 * pix[0]);
+  rgb[1] = Gamma(1. / 255 * pix[1]);
+  rgb[2] = Gamma(1. / 255 * pix[2]);
+  return rgb;
+}
+
+static double Lab(double x) {
+  return x > kXyzEpsilon ? cbrtf(x) : (kXyzKappa * x + 16) / 116;
+}
+
+static void XyzToLab(double lab[3], const double d50xyz[3]) {
+  double Y, L, a, b;
+  Y = Lab(d50xyz[1]);
+  L = 116 * Y - 16;
+  a = 500 * (Lab(d50xyz[0]) - Y);
+  b = 200 * (Y - Lab(d50xyz[2]));
+  lab[0] = L, lab[1] = a, lab[2] = b;
+}
+
+static void XyzToDin99d(unsigned char din99d[3], const double d50xyz[3]) {
+  double e, f, G, C, h, xyz[3], lab[3];
+  memcpy(xyz, d50xyz, sizeof(xyz));
+  xyz[0] = 1.12f * xyz[0] - .12f * xyz[2];
+  XyzToLab(lab, xyz);
+  e = (+lab[1] * cosf(DEG(50)) + lab[2] * sinf(DEG(50)));
+  f = (-lab[1] * sinf(DEG(50)) + lab[2] + cosf(DEG(50))) * 1.14;
+  G = sqrtf(SQR(e) + SQR(f));
+  C = logf(1 + .06 * G) * 22.5f;
+  h = atan2f(f, e) + DEG(50);
+  h = fmodf(h, DEG(360));
+  if (h < 0) h += DEG(360);
+  din99d[0] = MIN(255, MAX(0, 325.22f * logf(1 + .0036 * lab[0]) * 2.5f));
+  din99d[1] = MIN(255, MAX(0, C * cos(h) * 2.5f + 128));
+  din99d[2] = MIN(255, MAX(0, C * sin(h) * 2.5f + 128));
+}
+
+static void AddColor(int bg, int fg, int rune, int r, int g, int b, int x) {
+  int i;
+  if (blends.i) {
+    for (i = blends.i; --i;) {
+      if (blends.p[i].color[0] == r && blends.p[i].color[1] == g &&
+          blends.p[i].color[2] == b) {
+        return;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  CHECK_NE(
+      -1,
+      APPEND(&blends.p, &blends.i, &blends.n,
+             (&(struct Blend){
+                 .bg = bg, .fg = fg, .rune = rune, .color = {r, g, b, x}})));
+}
+
+static void AddBlend(int bgxterm, int fgxterm, int rune, int shade,
+                     const unsigned char bgrgb[4],
+                     const unsigned char fgrgb[4]) {
+  AddColor(bgxterm, fgxterm, rune, twixt8(bgrgb[0], fgrgb[0], shade),
+           twixt8(bgrgb[1], fgrgb[1], shade), twixt8(bgrgb[2], fgrgb[2], shade),
+           0);
+}
+
+static void MakeBlends(const unsigned char palette[16][3]) {
+  int r, i, j, k;
+  double rgb[3], xyz[3];
+  unsigned char tab[256][4];
+  unsigned char cube[6] = {0, 0137, 0207, 0257, 0327, 0377};
+  unsigned char seqs[2][2] = {{16, 255}};
+  for (i = 0; i < 16; ++i) {
+    tab[i][0] = palette[i][0];
+    tab[i][1] = palette[i][1];
+    tab[i][2] = palette[i][2];
+    tab[i][3] = i;
+  }
+  for (i = 16; i < 232; ++i) {
+    tab[i][0] = cube[((i - 020) / 044) % 6];
+    tab[i][1] = cube[((i - 020) / 6) % 6];
+    tab[i][2] = cube[(i - 020) % 6];
+    tab[i][3] = i;
+  }
+  for (i = 232; i < 256; ++i) {
+    tab[i][0] = 8 + (i - 232) * 10;
+    tab[i][1] = 8 + (i - 232) * 10;
+    tab[i][2] = 8 + (i - 232) * 10;
+    tab[i][3] = i;
+  }
+#if DIN99
+  for (i = 0; i < 256; ++i) {
+    LoadRgb(rgb, tab[i]);
+    vmatmul3(xyz, rgb, COLORSPACE_TTY);
+    XyzToDin99d(tab[i], xyz);
+  }
+#endif
+  for (r = 0; r < ARRAYLEN(seqs); ++r) {
+    for (i = seqs[r][0]; i <= seqs[r][1]; ++i) {
+      for (j = seqs[r][0]; j <= seqs[r][1]; ++j) {
+        if (i == j) {
+          AddColor(i, 0, 0, tab[i][0], tab[i][1], tab[i][2], 0);
+        } else {
+          for (k = 0; k < ARRAYLEN(kShadeRune); ++k) {
+            AddBlend(i, j, kShadeRune[k], kShadePct[k], tab[i], tab[j]);
+            AddBlend(j, i, kShadeRune[k], kShadePct[k], tab[j], tab[i]);
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+static int PickColor(unsigned char color[3]) {
+  int i, best, least, dist;
+  best = -1;
+  least = INT_MAX;
+  for (i = 0; i < blends.i; ++i) {
+    dist = SQR(blends.p[i].color[0] - color[0]) +
+           SQR(blends.p[i].color[1] - color[1]) +
+           SQR(blends.p[i].color[2] - color[2]);
+    if (dist < least) {
+      least = dist;
+      best = i;
+    }
+  }
+  return best;
+}
+
+static void SetBg(int x) {
+  if (0 <= x && x < 16) {
+    if (x < 8) {
+      x += 40;
+    } else {
+      x -= 8;
+      x *= 100;
+    }
+    printf("\e[%dm", x);
+  } else {
+    /* assert(false); */
+    printf("\e[48;5;%dm", x);
+  }
+}
+
+static void SetFg(int x) {
+  if (0 <= x && x < 16) {
+    if (x < 8) {
+      x += 30;
+    } else {
+      x -= 8;
+      x *= 90;
+    }
+    printf("\e[%dm", x);
+  } else {
+    /* assert(false); */
+    printf("\e[38;5;%dm", x);
+  }
+}
+
+static void PrintImage(long yn, long xn, unsigned char src[4][yn][xn]) {
+  int y, x, c;
+  double rgb[3], xyz[3];
+  unsigned char din99d[3];
+  for (y = 0; y < yn; ++y) {
+    printf("\n");
+    for (x = 0; x < xn; ++x) {
+      din99d[0] = src[0][y][x];
+      din99d[1] = src[1][y][x];
+      din99d[2] = src[2][y][x];
+#if DIN99
+      LoadRgb(rgb, din99d);
+      vmatmul3(xyz, rgb, COLORSPACE_SRC);
+      XyzToDin99d(din99d, xyz);
+#endif
+      c = PickColor(din99d);
+      if (blends.p[c].rune) {
+        SetBg(blends.p[c].bg);
+        SetFg(blends.p[c].fg);
+        printf("%hc", blends.p[c].rune);
+      } else {
+        SetBg(blends.p[c].bg);
+        printf(" ");
+      }
+    }
+    printf("\e[0m");
+  }
+  printf("\r");
+}
+
+static void *Deinterlace(long dcn, long dyn, long dxn,
+                         unsigned char dst[dcn][dyn][dxn], long syw, long sxw,
+                         long scw, const unsigned char src[syw][sxw][scw],
+                         long syn, long sxn, long sy0, long sx0, long sc0) {
+  long y, x, c;
+  for (y = 0; y < dyn; ++y) {
+    for (x = 0; x < dxn; ++x) {
+      for (c = 0; c < dcn; ++c) {
+        dst[c][y][x] = src[sy0 + y][sx0 + x][sc0 + c];
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  return dst;
+}
+
+static void GetTermSize(int out_rows[1], int out_cols[1]) {
+  struct winsize ws;
+  ws.ws_row = 24;
+  ws.ws_col = 80;
+  if (ioctl(STDIN_FILENO, TIOCGWINSZ, &ws) == -1) {
+    ioctl(STDOUT_FILENO, TIOCGWINSZ, &ws);
+  }
+  out_rows[0] = ws.ws_row;
+  out_cols[0] = ws.ws_col;
+}
+
+static void ProcessImage(long syn, long sxn, unsigned char img[syn][sxn][4]) {
+  int dyn, dxn;
+  double ry, rx;
+  GetTermSize(&dyn, &dxn);
+  ry = syn, rx = sxn;
+  ry /= dyn, rx /= dxn;
+  PrintImage(
+      dyn, dxn,
+      EzGyarados(4, dyn, dxn, gc(xmemalign(32, dyn * dxn * 4)), 4, syn, sxn,
+                 Deinterlace(4, syn, sxn, gc(xmemalign(32, syn * sxn * 4)), syn,
+                             sxn, 4, img, syn, sxn, 0, 0, 0),
+                 0, 4, dyn, dxn, syn, sxn, ry, rx, 0, 0));
+}
+
+static void WithImageFile(const char *path,
+                          void fn(long yn, long xn,
+                                  unsigned char src[yn][xn][4])) {
+  struct stat st;
+  void *map, *data;
+  int fd, yn, xn, cn;
+  CHECK_NE(-1, (fd = open(path, O_RDONLY)), "%s", path);
+  CHECK_NE(-1, fstat(fd, &st));
+  CHECK_GT(st.st_size, 0);
+  CHECK_LE(st.st_size, INT_MAX);
+  CHECK_NE(MAP_FAILED,
+           (map = mmap(NULL, st.st_size, PROT_READ, MAP_SHARED, fd, 0)));
+  CHECK_NOTNULL(
+      (data = stbi_load_from_memory(map, st.st_size, &xn, &yn, NULL, 4)), "%s",
+      path);
+  CHECK_NE(-1, munmap(map, st.st_size));
+  CHECK_NE(-1, close(fd));
+  fn(yn, xn, data);
+  free(data);
+}
+
+static void PrintData(void) {
+  int i;
+  for (i = 0; i < blends.i; ++i) {
+    printf("%3d %3d %3d %3d %3d %d\n", blends.p[i].color[0],
+           blends.p[i].color[1], blends.p[i].color[2], blends.p[i].bg,
+           blends.p[i].fg, blends.p[i].rune);
+  }
+}
+
+void *OpenRgbMap(const char *path) {
+  int fd;
+  void *map;
+  size_t size;
+  size = 256 * 256 * 256 * 3;
+  CHECK_NE(-1, (fd = open(path, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC, 0644)));
+  CHECK_NE(-1, ftruncate(fd, size));
+  CHECK_NE(MAP_FAILED,
+           (map = mmap(NULL, size, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, MAP_SHARED, fd, 0)));
+  CHECK_NE(-1, close(fd));
+  return map;
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
+  int i;
+  MakeBlends(kCga);
+  for (i = 1; i < argc; ++i) {
+    WithImageFile(argv[i], ProcessImage);
+  }
+  return 0;
+}
@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@ EXAMPLES_BINS =							\
 	$(EXAMPLES_COMS:%=%.dbg)

 EXAMPLES_DIRECTDEPS =						\
+	APE_LIB							\
 	DSP_CORE						\
 	DSP_SCALE						\
 	DSP_TTY							\
@@ -45,7 +46,6 @@ EXAMPLES_DIRECTDEPS =						\
 	LIBC_LOG						\
 	LIBC_MEM						\
 	LIBC_NEXGEN32E						\
-	LIBC_NT_IPHLPAPI					\
 	LIBC_NT_KERNEL32					\
 	LIBC_NT_NTDLL						\
 	LIBC_NT_USER32						\
@@ -66,19 +66,14 @@ EXAMPLES_DIRECTDEPS =						\
 	LIBC_X							\
 	LIBC_ZIPOS						\
 	NET_HTTP						\
-	NET_HTTPS						\
 	THIRD_PARTY_COMPILER_RT					\
 	THIRD_PARTY_DLMALLOC					\
-	THIRD_PARTY_QUICKJS					\
 	THIRD_PARTY_GDTOA					\
 	THIRD_PARTY_GETOPT					\
-	THIRD_PARTY_LUA						\
-	THIRD_PARTY_MBEDTLS					\
 	THIRD_PARTY_MUSL					\
 	THIRD_PARTY_STB						\
 	THIRD_PARTY_XED						\
 	THIRD_PARTY_ZLIB					\
-	TOOL_BUILD_LIB						\
 	TOOL_VIZ_LIB

 EXAMPLES_DEPS :=						\
@@ -86,6 +81,7 @@ EXAMPLES_DEPS :=						\

 o/$(MODE)/examples/examples.pkg:				\
 		$(EXAMPLES_OBJS)				\
+		$(THIRD_PARTY_DUKTAPE_A).pkg			\
 		$(foreach x,$(EXAMPLES_DIRECTDEPS),$($(x)_A).pkg)

 o/$(MODE)/examples/unbourne.o:					\
@@ -100,10 +96,11 @@ o/$(MODE)/examples/%.com.dbg:					\
 		$(APE)
 	@$(APELINK)

-o/$(MODE)/examples/hellolua.com.dbg:				\
+o/$(MODE)/examples/hellojs.com.dbg:				\
 		$(EXAMPLES_DEPS)				\
-		o/$(MODE)/examples/hellolua.o			\
-		o/$(MODE)/examples/hellolua.lua.zip.o		\
+		$(THIRD_PARTY_DUKTAPE)				\
+		o/$(MODE)/examples/hellojs.o			\
+		o/$(MODE)/examples/hello.js.zip.o		\
 		o/$(MODE)/examples/examples.pkg			\
 		$(CRT)						\
 		$(APE)
@@ -120,6 +117,7 @@ o/$(MODE)/examples/ispell.com.dbg:				\

 o/$(MODE)/examples/nesemu1.com.dbg:				\
 		$(EXAMPLES_DEPS)				\
+		$(THIRD_PARTY_DUKTAPE)				\
 		o/$(MODE)/examples/nesemu1.o			\
 		o/$(MODE)/usr/share/rom/mario.nes.zip.o		\
 		o/$(MODE)/usr/share/rom/zelda.nes.zip.o		\
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+#if 0
+/*─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╗
+│ To the extent possible under law, Justine Tunney has waived      │
+│ all copyright and related or neighboring rights to this file,    │
+│ as it is written in the following disclaimers:                   │
+│   • http://unlicense.org/                                        │
+│   • http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/            │
+╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#endif
+#include "libc/calls/calls.h"
+#include "libc/runtime/runtime.h"
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
+  if (argc < 2) return 1;
+  execv(argv[1], argv + 1);
+  abort();
+}
@@ -1,62 +0,0 @@
-#if 0
-/*─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╗
-│ To the extent possible under law, Justine Tunney has waived      │
-│ all copyright and related or neighboring rights to this file,    │
-│ as it is written in the following disclaimers:                   │
-│   • http://unlicense.org/                                        │
-│   • http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/            │
-╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
-#endif
-#include "libc/calls/calls.h"
-#include "libc/macros.internal.h"
-#include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
-#include "libc/sysv/consts/sig.h"
-#include "libc/testlib/ezbench.h"
-
-/**
- * @fileoverview Fast Division Using Multiplication Tutorial
- *
- * Expected program output:
- *
- *     23 / 3 = 7
- *     0x5555555555555556 1 1
- *     division   l: 16𝑐  5𝑛𝑠
- *     fast div   l:  5𝑐  2𝑛𝑠
- *     precomps   l: 70𝑐 23𝑛𝑠
- */
-
-struct Divisor {
-  uint64_t m;
-  uint8_t s;
-  uint8_t t;
-};
-
-struct Divisor GetDivisor(uint64_t d) {
-  int b;
-  uint128_t x;
-  if (!d) raise(SIGFPE);
-  b = __builtin_clzll(d) ^ 63;
-  x = -d & (((1ull << b) - 1) | (1ull << b));
-  return (struct Divisor){(x << 64) / d + 1, MIN(1, b + 1), MAX(0, b)};
-}
-
-uint64_t Divide(uint64_t x, struct Divisor d) {
-  uint128_t t;
-  uint64_t l, h;
-  t = d.m;
-  t *= x;
-  l = t;
-  h = t >> 64;
-  l = (x - h) >> d.s;
-  return (h + l) >> d.t;
-}
-
-int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
-  printf("23 / 3 = %ld\n", Divide(23, GetDivisor(3)));
-  volatile struct Divisor v = GetDivisor(3);
-  volatile uint64_t x = 23, y = 3, z;
-  EZBENCH2("division", donothing, z = x / y);
-  EZBENCH2("fast div", donothing, z = Divide(x, v));
-  EZBENCH2("precomp ", donothing, v = GetDivisor(y));
-  return 0;
-}
@@ -1,47 +0,0 @@
-#if 0
-/*─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╗
-│ To the extent possible under law, Justine Tunney has waived      │
-│ all copyright and related or neighboring rights to this file,    │
-│ as it is written in the following disclaimers:                   │
-│   • http://unlicense.org/                                        │
-│   • http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/            │
-╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
-#endif
-#include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
-#include "libc/testlib/ezbench.h"
-
-/**
- * @fileoverview Fast Modulus Using Multiplication Tutorial
- *
- * Expected program output:
- *
- *     23 / 3 = 7
- *     0x5555555555555556 1 1
- *     modulus   l: 15𝑐  5𝑛𝑠
- *     fastmod   l:  4𝑐  1𝑛𝑠
- *     precomp   l: 18𝑐  6𝑛𝑠
- */
-
-struct Modulus {
-  uint64_t c;
-  uint64_t d;
-};
-
-struct Modulus GetModulus(uint64_t d) {
-  return (struct Modulus){0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFull / d + 1, d};
-}
-
-uint64_t Modulus(uint64_t x, struct Modulus m) {
-  return ((uint128_t)(m.c * x) * m.d) >> 64;
-}
-
-int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
-  printf("%#lx %% %d = %d\n", 0x23, 3, Modulus(23, GetModulus(3)));
-  printf("%#lx %% %d = %d\n", 0x123, 17, Modulus(0x123, GetModulus(17)));
-  volatile struct Modulus v = GetModulus(3);
-  volatile uint64_t x = 23, y = 3, z;
-  EZBENCH2("modulus", donothing, z = x % y);
-  EZBENCH2("fastmod", donothing, z = Modulus(x, v));
-  EZBENCH2("precomp", donothing, v = GetModulus(y));
-  return 0;
-}
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+#if 0
+/*─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╗
+│ To the extent possible under law, Justine Tunney has waived      │
+│ all copyright and related or neighboring rights to this file,    │
+│ as it is written in the following disclaimers:                   │
+│   • http://unlicense.org/                                        │
+│   • http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/            │
+╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#endif
+#include "libc/bits/bits.h"
+#include "libc/calls/calls.h"
+#include "libc/calls/struct/itimerval.h"
+#include "libc/fmt/conv.h"
+#include "libc/limits.h"
+#include "libc/log/check.h"
+#include "libc/log/color.internal.h"
+#include "libc/log/log.h"
+#include "libc/math.h"
+#include "libc/runtime/runtime.h"
+#include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
+#include "libc/sysv/consts/itimer.h"
+#include "libc/sysv/consts/sig.h"
+#include "libc/time/time.h"
+
+static const struct itimerval kTimer = {{0, 10000}, {0, 10000}}; /* 10ms */
+static volatile bool32 showprogress_;
+static const char *magic_;
+
+void OnInterrupt(int sig) {
+  showprogress_ = true;
+}
+
+void ShowProgress(uintmax_t i, uintmax_t j, uintmax_t n) {
+  fprintf(stderr, "%s%,40jd%,40jd%,40jd\r\n", magic_, i, j, n);
+  showprogress_ = false;
+}
+
+static bool IsPrime(uintmax_t i) {
+  uintmax_t j, n;
+  for (j = 3, n = (unsigned long)floorl(sqrtl(i)); j <= n; j += 2) {
+    if (showprogress_) ShowProgress(i, j, n);
+    if (i % j == 0) return false;
+  }
+  return true;
+}
+
+static void TryNumber(uintmax_t x, uintmax_t i) {
+  if (IsPrime(i)) {
+    printf("%s%,jd%s%,jd\n", "the prime nearest ", x, " is ", i);
+    exit(0);
+  }
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char **argv) {
+  uintmax_t x, i, j;
+  CHECK_EQ(2, argc);
+  signal(SIGALRM, OnInterrupt);
+  setitimer(ITIMER_REAL, &kTimer, NULL);
+  magic_ = cancolor() ? "\e[F\e[K" : "";
+  if ((x = strtoumax(argv[1], NULL, 0)) % 2 == 0) ++x;
+  TryNumber(x, x);
+  for (i = x, j = x;;) {
+    if (i < UINTMAX_MAX) TryNumber(x, i), i += 2;
+    if (j > 1) TryNumber(x, j), j -= 2;
+  }
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+#if 0
+/*─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╗
+│ To the extent possible under law, Justine Tunney has waived      │
+│ all copyright and related or neighboring rights to this file,    │
+│ as it is written in the following disclaimers:                   │
+│   • http://unlicense.org/                                        │
+│   • http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/            │
+╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
+#endif
+#include "libc/calls/calls.h"
+#include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
+  int pid;
+  pid = fork();
+  fprintf(stderr, "fork returned %d\n", pid);
+  return 0;
+}
@@ -1,25 +0,0 @@
-#if 0
-/*─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╗
-│ To the extent possible under law, Justine Tunney has waived      │
-│ all copyright and related or neighboring rights to this file,    │
-│ as it is written in the following disclaimers:                   │
-│   • http://unlicense.org/                                        │
-│   • http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/            │
-╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
-#endif
-#include "libc/calls/calls.h"
-#include "libc/fmt/itoa.h"
-#include "libc/runtime/sysconf.h"
-#include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
-
-int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
-  int c, n;
-  char a[22];
-  if ((c = GetCpuCount())) {
-    n = int64toarray_radix10(c, a);
-    a[n++] = '\n';
-    return write(1, a, n) == n ? 0 : 1;
-  } else {
-    return 1;
-  }
-}
@@ -1,291 +0,0 @@
-#if 0
-/*─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╗
-│ To the extent possible under law, Justine Tunney has waived      │
-│ all copyright and related or neighboring rights to this file,    │
-│ as it is written in the following disclaimers:                   │
-│   • http://unlicense.org/                                        │
-│   • http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/            │
-╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
-#endif
-#include "libc/bits/bits.h"
-#include "libc/calls/calls.h"
-#include "libc/errno.h"
-#include "libc/fmt/conv.h"
-#include "libc/log/check.h"
-#include "libc/log/log.h"
-#include "libc/macros.internal.h"
-#include "libc/nexgen32e/x86feature.h"
-#include "libc/rand/rand.h"
-#include "libc/rand/xorshift.h"
-#include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
-#include "libc/str/str.h"
-#include "libc/sysv/consts/ex.h"
-#include "libc/sysv/consts/exit.h"
-#include "libc/sysv/consts/grnd.h"
-#include "libc/sysv/consts/sig.h"
-#include "libc/testlib/hyperion.h"
-#include "third_party/getopt/getopt.h"
-
-#define B 4096
-
-bool isdone;
-bool isbinary;
-unsigned long count = -1;
-
-uint64_t bcast(uint64_t f(void)) {
-  unsigned i;
-  uint64_t x;
-  for (x = i = 0; i < 8; ++i) {
-    x <<= 8;
-    x |= f() & 255;
-  }
-  return x;
-}
-
-uint64_t randv6(void) {
-  static int16_t gorp;
-  gorp = (gorp + 625) & 077777;
-  return gorp;
-}
-
-uint64_t randv7(void) {
-  static uint32_t randx = 1;
-  return ((randx = randx * 1103515245 + 12345) >> 16) & 077777;
-}
-
-uint64_t zero(void) {
-  return 0;
-}
-
-uint64_t inc(void) {
-  static uint64_t x;
-  return x++;
-}
-
-uint64_t unixv6(void) {
-  return bcast(randv6);
-}
-
-uint64_t unixv7(void) {
-  return bcast(randv7);
-}
-
-uint64_t ape(void) {
-  static int i;
-  if ((i += 8) > _end - _base) i = 8;
-  return READ64LE(_base + i);
-}
-
-uint64_t moby(void) {
-  static int i;
-  if ((i += 8) > kMobySize) i = 8;
-  return READ64LE(kMoby + i);
-}
-
-uint64_t knuth(void) {
-  uint64_t a, b;
-  static uint64_t x = 1;
-  x *= 6364136223846793005;
-  x += 1442695040888963407;
-  a = x >> 32;
-  x *= 6364136223846793005;
-  x += 1442695040888963407;
-  b = x >> 32;
-  return a | b << 32;
-}
-
-uint64_t vigna(void) {
-  static uint64_t x;
-  uint64_t z = (x += 0x9e3779b97f4a7c15);
-  z = (z ^ (z >> 30)) * 0xbf58476d1ce4e5b9;
-  z = (z ^ (z >> 27)) * 0x94d049bb133111eb;
-  return z ^ (z >> 31);
-}
-
-uint64_t rngset64(void) {
-  static unsigned i;
-  static uint64_t s;
-  if (!i) {
-    s = rand64();
-    i = (s + 1) & (511);
-  }
-  return MarsagliaXorshift64(&s);
-}
-
-uint64_t xorshift64(void) {
-  static uint64_t s = kMarsagliaXorshift64Seed;
-  return MarsagliaXorshift64(&s);
-}
-
-uint64_t xorshift32(void) {
-  static uint32_t s = kMarsagliaXorshift32Seed;
-  uint64_t a = MarsagliaXorshift32(&s);
-  uint64_t b = MarsagliaXorshift32(&s);
-  return (uint64_t)a << 32 | b;
-}
-
-uint64_t libc(void) {
-  uint64_t x;
-  CHECK_EQ(8, getrandom(&x, 8, 0));
-  return x;
-}
-
-uint64_t kernel(void) {
-  uint64_t x;
-  CHECK_EQ(8, getrandom(&x, 8, GRND_NORDRND));
-  return x;
-}
-
-uint64_t hardware(void) {
-  uint64_t x;
-  CHECK_EQ(8, getrandom(&x, 8, GRND_NOSYSTEM));
-  return x;
-}
-
-uint64_t rdrnd(void) {
-  char cf;
-  int i = 0;
-  uint64_t x;
-  CHECK(X86_HAVE(RDRND));
-  for (;;) {
-    asm volatile(CFLAG_ASM("rdrand\t%1")
-                 : CFLAG_CONSTRAINT(cf), "=r"(x)
-                 : /* no inputs */
-                 : "cc");
-    if (cf) return x;
-    if (++i < 10) continue;
-    asm volatile("pause");
-    i = 0;
-  }
-}
-
-uint64_t rdseed(void) {
-  char cf;
-  int i = 0;
-  uint64_t x;
-  CHECK(X86_HAVE(RDSEED));
-  for (;;) {
-    asm volatile(CFLAG_ASM("rdseed\t%1")
-                 : CFLAG_CONSTRAINT(cf), "=r"(x)
-                 : /* no inputs */
-                 : "cc");
-    if (cf) return x;
-    if (++i < 10) continue;
-    asm volatile("pause");
-    i = 0;
-  }
-}
-
-const struct Function {
-  const char *s;
-  uint64_t (*f)(void);
-} kFunctions[] = {
-    {"ape", ape},                //
-    {"hardware", hardware},      //
-    {"inc", inc},                //
-    {"kernel", kernel},          //
-    {"knuth", knuth},            //
-    {"libc", libc},              //
-    {"moby", moby},              //
-    {"rand64", rand64},          //
-    {"rdrand", rdrnd},           //
-    {"rdrnd", rdrnd},            //
-    {"rdseed", rdseed},          //
-    {"rngset64", rngset64},      //
-    {"unixv6", unixv6},          //
-    {"unixv7", unixv7},          //
-    {"vigna", vigna},            //
-    {"xorshift32", xorshift32},  //
-    {"xorshift64", xorshift64},  //
-    {"zero", zero},              //
-};
-
-void OnInt(int sig) {
-  isdone = true;
-}
-
-wontreturn void PrintUsage(FILE *f, int rc) {
-  fprintf(f, "Usage: %s [-b] [-n NUM] [FUNC]\n", program_invocation_name);
-  exit(rc);
-}
-
-int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
-  char *p;
-  int i, opt;
-  ssize_t rc;
-  uint64_t x;
-  static char buf[B];
-  uint64_t (*f)(void);
-
-  while ((opt = getopt(argc, argv, "hbc:n:")) != -1) {
-    switch (opt) {
-      case 'b':
-        isbinary = true;
-        break;
-      case 'c':
-      case 'n':
-        count = strtoul(optarg, 0, 0);
-        break;
-      case 'h':
-        PrintUsage(stdout, EXIT_SUCCESS);
-      default:
-        PrintUsage(stderr, EX_USAGE);
-    }
-  }
-
-  if (optind == argc) {
-    f = libc;
-  } else {
-    for (f = 0, i = 0; i < ARRAYLEN(kFunctions); ++i) {
-      if (!strcasecmp(argv[optind], kFunctions[i].s)) {
-        f = kFunctions[i].f;
-        break;
-      }
-    }
-    if (!f) {
-      fprintf(stderr, "unknown function: %`'s\n", argv[optind]);
-      fprintf(stderr, "try: ");
-      for (i = 0; i < ARRAYLEN(kFunctions); ++i) {
-        if (i) fprintf(stderr, ", ");
-        fprintf(stderr, "%s", kFunctions[i].s);
-      }
-      fprintf(stderr, "\n");
-      return 1;
-    }
-  }
-
-  signal(SIGINT, OnInt);
-  signal(SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN);
-
-  if (!isbinary) {
-    for (; count && !isdone && !feof(stdout); --count) {
-      printf("0x%016lx\n", f());
-    }
-    fflush(stdout);
-    return ferror(stdout) ? 1 : 0;
-  }
-
-  while (count && !isdone) {
-    if (count >= B) {
-      for (i = 0; i < B / 8; ++i) {
-        x = f();
-        p = buf + i * 8;
-        WRITE64LE(p, x);
-      }
-      for (i = 0; i < B; i += rc) {
-        rc = write(1, buf + i, B - i);
-        if (rc == -1 && errno == EPIPE) exit(1);
-        if (rc == -1) perror("write"), exit(1);
-      }
-    } else {
-      x = f();
-      rc = write(1, &x, MIN(8, count));
-    }
-    if (!rc) break;
-    if (rc == -1 && errno == EPIPE) exit(1);
-    if (rc == -1) perror("write"), exit(1);
-    count -= rc;
-  }
-
-  return 0;
-}
@@ -7,73 +7,9 @@
 │   • http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/            │
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
 #endif
-#include "libc/dce.h"
-#include "libc/nexgen32e/nt2sysv.h"
-#include "libc/nt/dll.h"
-#include "libc/nt/enum/cw.h"
 #include "libc/nt/enum/mb.h"
-#include "libc/nt/enum/sw.h"
-#include "libc/nt/enum/wm.h"
-#include "libc/nt/enum/ws.h"
-#include "libc/nt/events.h"
 #include "libc/nt/messagebox.h"
-#include "libc/nt/struct/msg.h"
-#include "libc/nt/struct/wndclass.h"
-#include "libc/nt/windows.h"
-#include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
-#include "libc/str/str.h"
-
-/**
- * @fileoverview GUI Example
- *
- * Cosmopolitan has had a razor sharp focus on making sockets and stdio
- * work well across platforms. When you call a function like read(), it
- * will just work on platforms like Windows too. In order to do that we
- * need to support the WIN32 API, which you can use, but please note it
- * isn't polyfilled on other platforms in the same way as POSIX APIs.
- */
-
-static const char16_t kClassName[] = u"cosmopolitan";
-
-static int64_t WindowProc(int64_t hwnd, uint32_t uMsg, uint64_t wParam,
-                          int64_t lParam) {
-  switch (uMsg) {
-    case kNtWmDestroy:
-      PostQuitMessage(0);
-      return 0;
-    default:
-      return DefWindowProc(hwnd, uMsg, wParam, lParam);
-  }
-}
-
-static void Gui(void) {
-  int64_t h;
-  struct NtMsg msg;
-  struct NtWndClass wc;
-  memset(&wc, 0, sizeof(wc));
-  wc.lpfnWndProc = NT2SYSV(WindowProc);
-  wc.hInstance = GetModuleHandle(NULL);
-  wc.lpszClassName = kClassName;
-  RegisterClass(&wc);
-  h = CreateWindowEx(0, kClassName, u"Hello Cosmopolitan",
-                     kNtWsOverlappedwindow, kNtCwUsedefault, kNtCwUsedefault,
-                     kNtCwUsedefault, kNtCwUsedefault, 0, 0, wc.hInstance, 0);
-  ShowWindow(h, kNtSwNormal);
-  /*
-   * NOTE: Cosmopolitan linker script is hard-coded to change the
-   *       subsystem from CUI to GUI when GetMessage() is linked.
-   */
-  while (GetMessage(&msg, 0, 0, 0)) {
-    TranslateMessage(&msg);
-    DispatchMessage(&msg);
-  }
-}

 int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
-  if (!IsWindows()) {
-    fputs("Sorry! This GUI demo only runs on Windows\n", stderr);
-    fputs("https://github.com/jart/cosmopolitan/issues/57\n", stderr);
-    return 1;
-  }
-  Gui();
+  return MessageBox(0, u"hello world", u"cosmopolitan", kNtMbOk) ? 0 : 1;
 }
@@ -10,6 +10,13 @@
 #include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"

 int main() {
+  /*
+   * Cosmopolitan's "Hello World" demonstrates a best practice.
+   *
+   * Since we conditionally link heavyweight features based on which
+   * characters are present in the format string, it's a good idea to
+   * have that string consist solely of directives.
+   */
  printf("%s\n", "hello world");
  return 0;
 }
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+NativePrint('Hello world!\n');
+NativePrint('2+3=' + NativeAdd(2, 3) + '\n');
@@ -8,10 +8,12 @@
 ╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
 #endif
 #include "libc/errno.h"
-#include "libc/fmt/fmt.h"
-#include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
+#include "libc/runtime/gc.h"
+#include "libc/calls/calls.h"
+#include "libc/sysv/consts/fileno.h"
+#include "libc/x/x.h"

 int main() {
-  printf("%`'s\n", "hello\1\2world→→");
+  dprintf(STDOUT_FILENO, "%s\n", gc(xasprintf("%'s", "(╯°□°)╯︵' ┻━┻")));
  return errno;
 }