fix(debugger): coloured Spring Boot output, Soft-Wrap and Scroll to End in the debug console

Debugging a Spring Boot configuration showed its log uncoloured: Run adds -Dspring.output.ansi.enabled=always (Spring only colours output for a terminal, the process runs on pipes), the java-debug and Kotlin debug launches built their VM options without it. They now add the same console VM options as Run, unless the configuration sets the property itself. The debug console also gets the Run console's Soft-Wrap toggle (default from Settings › Console › Use soft wraps) and Scroll to End, which follows new output, turns off when scrolling up and on again at the end. Fixes #1262
fix(editor): no lookbehind in the color preview's pattern (#1352 )
2026-11-07 18:38:33 -10:00 · 2026-11-05 02:58:37 +08:00 · 2026-11-05 02:52:44 +08:00 · 2026-11-05 02:51:25 +08:00 · 2026-11-05 02:48:51 +08:00 · 2026-11-05 02:45:36 +08:00
828 changed files with 75584 additions and 4270 deletions
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-Closes #
+<!-- If this resolves an issue: Closes #<n> -->

 ## What and why

@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+name: Language smoke
+# Everyday code intelligence (completion, go to definition, Find Usages, hover, diagnostics
+# with a quick fix, an intention, formatting, rename) per language, against the language
+# server the app starts by default: crates/ide-host/tests/language_smoke.rs.
+on:
+  push:
+    branches: [main]
+  pull_request:
+    branches: [main]
+    types: [opened, synchronize, reopened]
+    paths:
+      - "crates/**"
+      - "languages/**"
+      - "fixtures/**"
+      - "Cargo.toml"
+      - "Cargo.lock"
+      - ".github/workflows/language-smoke.yml"
+  workflow_dispatch:
+
+concurrency:
+  group: language-smoke-${{ github.ref }}
+  cancel-in-progress: true
+
+env:
+  CARGO_TERM_COLOR: always
+  CARGO_INCREMENTAL: 0
+  # Pinned so a server release can't fail an unrelated PR; bump them deliberately.
+  VTSLS: 0.3.0
+  TYPESCRIPT: 6.0.3
+  BASEDPYRIGHT: 1.40.2
+  RUFF: 0.17.3
+  GOPLS: v0.24.0
+  JDTLS: 1.63.0-202610191322
+  KOTLIN_LSP: 263.7084.0
+  GRADLE: 8.14.3
+
+jobs:
+  smoke:
+    name: Language smoke (${{ matrix.language }})
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        language: [typescript, python, rust, go, java, kotlin]
+    runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
+    timeout-minutes: 40
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: dtolnay/rust-toolchain@stable
+        with: { components: "rust-analyzer, rustfmt" }
+      # One build cache for every language; main saves it.
+      - uses: Swatinem/rust-cache@v2
+        with:
+          shared-key: language-smoke
+          save-if: ${{ github.ref == 'refs/heads/main' && matrix.language == 'rust' }}
+
+      - if: matrix.language == 'typescript'
+        uses: actions/setup-node@v4
+        with: { node-version: 22 }
+      - if: matrix.language == 'typescript'
+        run: npm install --global "@vtsls/language-server@$VTSLS" "typescript@$TYPESCRIPT"
+
+      - if: matrix.language == 'python'
+        uses: actions/setup-python@v5
+        with: { python-version: "3.12" }
+      - if: matrix.language == 'python'
+        run: pip install "basedpyright==$BASEDPYRIGHT" "ruff==$RUFF"
+
+      - if: matrix.language == 'go'
+        uses: actions/setup-go@v5
+        with: { go-version: "1.27", cache: false }
+      - if: matrix.language == 'go'
+        run: go install "golang.org/x/tools/gopls@$GOPLS"
+
+      - if: matrix.language == 'java' || matrix.language == 'kotlin'
+        uses: actions/setup-java@v4
+        with: { distribution: temurin, java-version: "21" }
+      - if: matrix.language == 'java'
+        run: |
+          mkdir -p "$RUNNER_TEMP/jdtls"
+          curl -fsSL "https://download.eclipse.org/jdtls/milestones/${JDTLS%-*}/jdt-language-server-$JDTLS.tar.gz" \
+            | tar xz -C "$RUNNER_TEMP/jdtls"
+          echo "$RUNNER_TEMP/jdtls/bin" >> "$GITHUB_PATH"
+
+      # The Kotlin fixture has no Gradle wrapper: the server imports it with the Gradle on PATH.
+      - if: matrix.language == 'kotlin'
+        uses: gradle/actions/setup-gradle@v4
+        with: { gradle-version: "${{ env.GRADLE }}" }
+      - if: matrix.language == 'kotlin'
+        run: |
+          mkdir -p "$RUNNER_TEMP/kotlin-lsp" "$RUNNER_TEMP/bin"
+          curl -fsSL "https://download.jetbrains.com/language-server/kotlin-server/$KOTLIN_LSP/kotlin-server-$KOTLIN_LSP.tar.gz" \
+            | tar xz -C "$RUNNER_TEMP/kotlin-lsp" --strip-components=1
+          ln -s "$RUNNER_TEMP/kotlin-lsp/kotlin-lsp.sh" "$RUNNER_TEMP/bin/kotlin-lsp"
+          echo "$RUNNER_TEMP/bin" >> "$GITHUB_PATH"
+
+      - run: cargo test --locked -p ide-host --test language_smoke --no-run
+      - run: cargo test --locked -p ide-host --test language_smoke -- --ignored --exact ${{ matrix.language }}
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+name: Plugin index
+
+# Refreshes the community plugins in the latest release's plugins-index.json
+# (what released apps read) from the registry, l0ng-ai/openidea-plugins. The
+# official plugins, their key and revocations stay as the release wrote them.
+on:
+  schedule:
+    - cron: "17 * * * *"
+  workflow_dispatch:
+  # Sent by the registry when its index changes.
+  repository_dispatch:
+    types: [community-plugins]
+
+permissions:
+  contents: write
+
+concurrency:
+  group: plugins-index
+
+env:
+  COMMUNITY_PLUGINS_INDEX: https://github.com/l0ng-ai/openidea-plugins/releases/download/index/index.json
+
+jobs:
+  merge:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - name: Merge the community index
+        env:
+          GH_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+        run: |
+          set -euo pipefail
+          cd "$RUNNER_TEMP"
+          tag="$(gh release view --repo "$GITHUB_REPOSITORY" --json tagName -q .tagName)"
+          tool=openidea-plugin-linux-x86_64
+          if ! gh release download "$tag" --repo "$GITHUB_REPOSITORY" -p plugins-index.json -p "$tool.gz"; then
+            echo "::notice::$tag has no plugin index or openidea-plugin tool yet"
+            exit 0
+          fi
+          gunzip "$tool.gz" && chmod +x "$tool"
+          cp plugins-index.json before.json
+          "./$tool" merge plugins-index.json "$COMMUNITY_PLUGINS_INDEX" --keep openidea
+          if cmp -s before.json plugins-index.json; then
+            echo "unchanged"
+          else
+            gh release upload "$tag" plugins-index.json --repo "$GITHUB_REPOSITORY" --clobber
+          fi
@@ -24,18 +24,9 @@ jobs:
            const pr = context.payload.pull_request;
            const LABEL = 'needs-info';
            const MARKER = '<!-- pr-check -->';
-            // Docs, CI and pure refactors may skip the linked issue.
-            const NO_ISSUE_TYPES = /^(docs|ci|build|chore|refactor|style|test)(\(.+\))?!?:/;
-
            const body = (pr.body || '').replace(/<!--[\s\S]*?-->/g, '');
            const problems = [];

-            const linksIssue =
-              /\b(close[sd]?|fix(e[sd])?|resolve[sd]?)\s*:?\s+(#\d+|https:\/\/github\.com\/[\w.-]+\/[\w.-]+\/issues\/\d+)/i.test(body);
-            if (!linksIssue && !NO_ISSUE_TYPES.test(pr.title)) {
-              problems.push('Link the issue this PR resolves, e.g. `Closes #123`.');
-            }
-
            const verified = body.match(/^##+\s*How it was verified\s*$([\s\S]*?)(?=^##+\s|(?![\s\S]))/im);
            if (!verified || !verified[1].trim()) {
              problems.push('Fill in **How it was verified**: the commands you ran and their results. UI changes need before/after screenshots.');
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ env:
  CARGO_TERM_COLOR: always
  CARGO_INCREMENTAL: 0
  TAG: ${{ github.event.inputs.tag || github.ref_name }}
+  COMMUNITY_PLUGINS_INDEX: https://github.com/l0ng-ai/openidea-plugins/releases/download/index/index.json

 jobs:
  # Creates (or reuses) one draft release that every platform build uploads into.
@@ -25,6 +26,7 @@ jobs:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    outputs:
      release_id: ${{ steps.release.outputs.id }}
+      official_plugin_keys: ${{ steps.plugin-keys.outputs.keys }}
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
        with: { ref: "${{ env.TAG }}" }
@@ -35,6 +37,20 @@ jobs:
            echo "::error::tag $TAG does not match tauri.conf.json version $app"
            exit 1
          fi
+      # The official plugins' public key (from PLUGIN_SIGNING_KEY, the seed
+      # `openidea-plugin keygen` writes), built into the app: their packages
+      # must carry its signature whatever the marketplace index lists. Without
+      # the secret the app takes the index's word, as development builds do.
+      - id: plugin-keys
+        env:
+          SIGNING_KEY: ${{ secrets.PLUGIN_SIGNING_KEY }}
+        run: |
+          if [ -n "$SIGNING_KEY" ]; then
+            seed="$(printf %s "$SIGNING_KEY" | base64 -d | od -An -tx1 | tr -d ' \n')"
+            key="$(printf '302e020100300506032b657004220420%s' "$seed" | xxd -r -p |
+              openssl pkey -inform DER -pubout -outform DER | tail -c 32 | base64)"
+            echo "keys=$key" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+          fi
      - id: release
        uses: actions/github-script@v7
        with:
@@ -57,6 +73,8 @@ jobs:
  build:
    needs: create-release
    name: Build (${{ matrix.name }})
+    env:
+      OPENIDEA_OFFICIAL_PLUGIN_KEYS: ${{ needs.create-release.outputs.official_plugin_keys }}
    strategy:
      fail-fast: false
      matrix:
@@ -184,7 +202,11 @@ jobs:
  # (releases/latest/download/plugins-index.json). They are not in the
  # installers: users install them from Settings › Plugins. Without the
  # signing key (secret PLUGIN_SIGNING_KEY: the file `openidea-plugin keygen`
-  # writes) nothing is published and the release goes on.
+  # writes) nothing is published and the release goes on. The index also lists
+  # the community plugins of the registry (COMMUNITY_PLUGINS_INDEX; refreshed
+  # between releases by plugins-index.yml), and the release carries the
+  # openidea-plugin tool for Linux x64, which that workflow and the registry's
+  # checks run.
  plugins:
    needs: create-release
    name: Official plugins
@@ -237,11 +259,17 @@ jobs:
            version="$(sed -n 's/^version *= *"\(.*\)".*/\1/p' "$dir/plugin.toml" | head -1)"
            "$tool" pack "$dir" --key "$key" --publisher openidea --out "$out/$id-$version.oiplugin"
          done
-          # The published index's revocations and earlier keys carry over.
+          # The published index's revocations, earlier keys and community plugins carry over.
          curl -fsSL "https://github.com/$GITHUB_REPOSITORY/releases/latest/download/plugins-index.json" \
            -o "$out/plugins-index.json" || rm -f "$out/plugins-index.json"
-          "$tool" index "$out" --publisher openidea --name OpenIDEA --key "$key" --out "$out/plugins-index.json"
-          gh release upload "$TAG" "$out"/*.oiplugin "$out/plugins-index.json" --clobber
+          # Downloads point at this release: older versions kept for older IDEs stay where they were published.
+          "$tool" index "$out" --publisher openidea --name OpenIDEA --key "$key" --out "$out/plugins-index.json" \
+            --download-base "https://github.com/$GITHUB_REPOSITORY/releases/download/$TAG"
+          "$tool" merge "$out/plugins-index.json" "$COMMUNITY_PLUGINS_INDEX" --keep openidea ||
+            echo "::warning::the community plugins were not refreshed"
+          gzip -9 -c "$tool" > "$out/openidea-plugin-linux-x86_64.gz"
+          gh release upload "$TAG" "$out"/*.oiplugin "$out/plugins-index.json" \
+            "$out/openidea-plugin-linux-x86_64.gz" --clobber

  # The updater manifest (latest.json), built once from the signed bundles every build uploaded.
  # Fails when a platform is missing, so a release never ships a manifest without it.
@@ -18,9 +18,12 @@ Visual style: dark, low-contrast greys, one cool accent
 - `src/ui/` — design-system primitives. `src/features/<name>/` — one feature each,
  exporting `activate()` registered in `src/features/index.ts`.
 - `languages/<id>.toml` — language definitions (detection, comments, LSP, DAP).
- `crates/ide-host` — the `openidea-server` binary for remote development.
- `wit/` — plugin interface definitions; `plugins/` — sample and bundled plugins;
-  `templates/` — plugin starter templates.
+- `crates/ide-host` — the `openidea-server` binary for remote development and the
+  `openidea-plugin` CLI (plugin starter templates live in its `templates.rs`).
+- `wit/` — plugin interface definitions; `plugins/` — sample and bundled plugins.
+  Plugin docs: `plugins/README.md`, `docs/plugins/themes.md`.
+- `java/` — JDT LS extension bundles (`java-usages`, `kotlin-bridge`) and the patched
+  Lombok agent, embedded into the app by `ide-sdk` / `ide-tools`.
 - `e2e/` — Playwright UI tests (`pnpm e2e`). `fixtures/` — sample projects per language
  for manual and automated testing.

@@ -39,14 +42,15 @@ Visual style: dark, low-contrast greys, one cool accent
  icons from `src/ui/icons.tsx`, never emoji. Real `<button>`/`<input>`; `aria-label` on icon buttons.
 - User-visible text goes through the text catalog: add every new string to both
  `src/platform/locales/text/en.json` and `zh.json` (`textCatalog.test.ts` enforces it).
+  Other locales may lack entries; their UI shows the English text until a translator adds it.
 - Keep comments sparse and purposeful; match surrounding style.
 - For GUI verification, prefer Tauri MCP; use Computer Use only when Tauri MCP is
  unavailable or cannot cover the required checks.

 ## Issues & PRs

-Follow `CONTRIBUTING.md` and `.github/pull_request_template.md`: one issue per PR with
-`Closes #<n>`, reproduce first, keep the diff focused, short plain description, and a
+Follow `CONTRIBUTING.md` and `.github/pull_request_template.md`: one problem per PR
+(`Closes #<n>` when it resolves an issue), reproduce first, keep the diff focused, short plain description, and a
 **How it was verified** section with commands run, results and (for UI) before/after screenshots.
 Unclear product decisions → `needs-decision` and stop.

@@ -63,6 +67,8 @@ Shared agent skills live in `.agents/skills/` (`.claude/skills/` links to them):
  this worktree's running MCP bridges and actual ports.
 - `pnpm build` — typecheck + bundle frontend.
 - `cargo nextest run --workspace` (or `cargo test`), `cargo clippy --workspace --all-targets -- -D warnings`, `cargo fmt --all`.
+- `cargo test -p ide-host --test language_smoke -- --ignored --exact <language>` — code intelligence
+  on `fixtures/` with that language's real server installed (CI: `Language smoke`, pinned versions).
 - `pnpm test`, `pnpm e2e`, `pnpm lint`, `pnpm format:check`, `pnpm knip`, `pnpm typecheck`,
  `pnpm gen:bindings`.
 - `pnpm perf` (UI interaction latency / frames / leaks), `pnpm perf:rust` (criterion
@@ -16,8 +16,7 @@ Project layout, coding rules, commands and checks are in [AGENTS.md](AGENTS.md).

 ## Pull requests

- One issue per PR, linked with `Closes #123`. Feature PRs need a `planned` issue.
-  Docs, CI and pure refactors may skip the issue.
+- One problem per PR. If it resolves an issue, link it with `Closes #123`.
 - Reproduce the problem first, or write a test that fails before the fix.
 - Fix the cause, and check whether the same cause breaks anything nearby.
 - Keep the diff focused. Unrelated refactors go in their own PR.
@@ -31,5 +30,9 @@ Project layout, coding rules, commands and checks are in [AGENTS.md](AGENTS.md).
 - If a change needs a product decision you can't make, ask in the issue and stop
  rather than guessing.

-A check on each PR adds `needs-info` when the issue link or the verification
-section is missing, and removes it once they're filled in.
+Plugins: pull requests here add or change official plugins (`plugins/official/`)
+and the plugin API. Community plugins live in their authors' repositories and
+are listed through [l0ng-ai/openidea-plugins](https://github.com/l0ng-ai/openidea-plugins);
+see [`plugins/README.md`](plugins/README.md) § 8.1.
+
+A check on each PR adds `needs-info` when the verification section is missing, and removes it once it's filled in.
@@ -4038,7 +4038,7 @@ checksum = "3d3067d79b975e8844ca9eb072e16b31c3c1c36928edf9c6789548c524d0d954"

 [[package]]
 name = "ide-agent"
-version = "0.1.35"
+version = "0.1.36"
 dependencies = [
 "dunce",
 "encoding_rs",
@@ -4061,7 +4061,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "ide-analysis"
-version = "0.1.35"
+version = "0.1.36"
 dependencies = [
 "ast-grep-core",
 "ide-core",
@@ -4075,7 +4075,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "ide-build"
-version = "0.1.35"
+version = "0.1.36"
 dependencies = [
 "dirs 6.0.0",
 "dunce",
@@ -4090,7 +4090,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "ide-clipboard"
-version = "0.1.35"
+version = "0.1.36"
 dependencies = [
 "objc2 0.6.5",
 "objc2-app-kit 0.3.2",
@@ -4099,7 +4099,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "ide-core"
-version = "0.1.35"
+version = "0.1.36"
 dependencies = [
 "dunce",
 "encoding_rs",
@@ -4116,7 +4116,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "ide-coverage"
-version = "0.1.35"
+version = "0.1.36"
 dependencies = [
 "ide-core",
 "ide-run",
@@ -4130,7 +4130,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "ide-dap"
-version = "0.1.35"
+version = "0.1.36"
 dependencies = [
 "ide-core",
 "ide-jsonrpc",
@@ -4148,14 +4148,17 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "ide-db"
-version = "0.1.35"
+version = "0.1.36"
 dependencies = [
 "bb8",
 "dirs 6.0.0",
 "futures",
 "ide-core",
+ "ide-http",
 "ide-ssh",
 "parking_lot",
+ "reqwest",
+ "rustls",
 "serde",
 "serde_json",
 "specta",
@@ -4166,11 +4169,12 @@ dependencies = [
 "tokio-util",
 "toml 0.9.12+spec-1.1.0",
 "tracing",
+ "uuid",
 ]

 [[package]]
 name = "ide-docker"
-version = "0.1.35"
+version = "0.1.36"
 dependencies = [
 "ide-core",
 "serde",
@@ -4183,7 +4187,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "ide-extension"
-version = "0.1.35"
+version = "0.1.36"
 dependencies = [
 "base64 0.22.1",
 "blake3",
@@ -4203,7 +4207,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "ide-fonts"
-version = "0.1.35"
+version = "0.1.36"
 dependencies = [
 "objc2-core-foundation",
 "objc2-core-text",
@@ -4215,7 +4219,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "ide-github"
-version = "0.1.35"
+version = "0.1.36"
 dependencies = [
 "ide-core",
 "ide-vcs",
@@ -4228,7 +4232,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "ide-host"
-version = "0.1.35"
+version = "0.1.36"
 dependencies = [
 "base64 0.22.1",
 "criterion",
@@ -4244,6 +4248,7 @@ dependencies = [
 "ide-coverage",
 "ide-dap",
 "ide-db",
+ "ide-docker",
 "ide-extension",
 "ide-http",
 "ide-index",
@@ -4267,8 +4272,11 @@ dependencies = [
 "ide-workspace",
 "ignore",
 "parking_lot",
+ "quick-xml",
+ "regex-syntax",
 "reqwest",
 "rustix",
+ "semver",
 "serde",
 "serde_json",
 "specta",
@@ -4285,7 +4293,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "ide-http"
-version = "0.1.35"
+version = "0.1.36"
 dependencies = [
 "ide-core",
 "parking_lot",
@@ -4303,7 +4311,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "ide-index"
-version = "0.1.35"
+version = "0.1.36"
 dependencies = [
 "blake3",
 "criterion",
@@ -4325,7 +4333,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "ide-jsonrpc"
-version = "0.1.35"
+version = "0.1.36"
 dependencies = [
 "encoding_rs",
 "futures",
@@ -4333,6 +4341,7 @@ dependencies = [
 "parking_lot",
 "serde",
 "serde_json",
+ "tempfile",
 "thiserror 2.0.21",
 "tokio",
 "tokio-util",
@@ -4341,7 +4350,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "ide-language"
-version = "0.1.35"
+version = "0.1.36"
 dependencies = [
 "blake3",
 "criterion",
@@ -4397,7 +4406,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "ide-lsp"
-version = "0.1.35"
+version = "0.1.36"
 dependencies = [
 "dunce",
 "futures",
@@ -4423,7 +4432,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "ide-notebook"
-version = "0.1.35"
+version = "0.1.36"
 dependencies = [
 "futures",
 "ide-core",
@@ -4446,7 +4455,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "ide-plugin"
-version = "0.1.35"
+version = "0.1.36"
 dependencies = [
 "blake3",
 "ide-core",
@@ -4466,7 +4475,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "ide-profiler"
-version = "0.1.35"
+version = "0.1.36"
 dependencies = [
 "ide-core",
 "ide-run",
@@ -4479,7 +4488,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "ide-remote"
-version = "0.1.35"
+version = "0.1.36"
 dependencies = [
 "globset",
 "ide-core",
@@ -4496,7 +4505,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "ide-run"
-version = "0.1.35"
+version = "0.1.36"
 dependencies = [
 "dunce",
 "encoding_rs",
@@ -4519,7 +4528,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "ide-sdk"
-version = "0.1.35"
+version = "0.1.36"
 dependencies = [
 "dunce",
 "ide-core",
@@ -4538,7 +4547,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "ide-search"
-version = "0.1.35"
+version = "0.1.36"
 dependencies = [
 "criterion",
 "globset",
@@ -4558,7 +4567,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "ide-spell"
-version = "0.1.35"
+version = "0.1.36"
 dependencies = [
 "ide-core",
 "parking_lot",
@@ -4571,7 +4580,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "ide-ssh"
-version = "0.1.35"
+version = "0.1.36"
 dependencies = [
 "dirs 6.0.0",
 "flate2",
@@ -4590,7 +4599,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "ide-syntax"
-version = "0.1.35"
+version = "0.1.36"
 dependencies = [
 "ide-core",
 "ide-language",
@@ -4605,7 +4614,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "ide-terminal"
-version = "0.1.35"
+version = "0.1.36"
 dependencies = [
 "ide-core",
 "libc",
@@ -4618,7 +4627,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "ide-text"
-version = "0.1.35"
+version = "0.1.36"
 dependencies = [
 "criterion",
 "ide-core",
@@ -4630,7 +4639,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "ide-tools"
-version = "0.1.35"
+version = "0.1.36"
 dependencies = [
 "flate2",
 "hex",
@@ -4651,14 +4660,16 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "ide-vcs"
-version = "0.1.35"
+version = "0.1.36"
 dependencies = [
+ "blake3",
 "dunce",
 "encoding_rs",
 "gix",
 "ide-core",
 "ignore",
 "libc",
+ "redb",
 "regex-lite",
 "serde",
 "serde_json",
@@ -4670,7 +4681,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "ide-vfs"
-version = "0.1.35"
+version = "0.1.36"
 dependencies = [
 "chardetng",
 "dunce",
@@ -4692,7 +4703,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "ide-web"
-version = "0.1.35"
+version = "0.1.36"
 dependencies = [
 "ide-core",
 "open",
@@ -4708,7 +4719,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "ide-workspace"
-version = "0.1.35"
+version = "0.1.36"
 dependencies = [
 "blake3",
 "dunce",
@@ -4726,6 +4737,7 @@ dependencies = [
 "toml 0.9.12+spec-1.1.0",
 "toml_edit 0.25.17+spec-1.1.0",
 "tracing",
+ "uuid",
 "zip",
 ]

@@ -6180,7 +6192,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "openidea"
-version = "0.1.35"
+version = "0.1.36"
 dependencies = [
 "base64 0.22.1",
 "blake3",
@@ -7132,6 +7144,7 @@ dependencies = [
 "rustls-platform-verifier",
 "serde",
 "serde_json",
+ "serde_urlencoded",
 "sync_wrapper",
 "tokio",
 "tokio-rustls",
@@ -7490,6 +7503,12 @@ dependencies = [
 "wait-timeout",
 ]

+[[package]]
+name = "ryu"
+version = "1.0.23"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "9774ba4a74de5f7b1c1451ed6cd5285a32eddb5cccb8cc655a4e50009e06477f"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "saa"
 version = "5.6.2"
@@ -7794,6 +7813,18 @@ dependencies = [
 "serde_core",
 ]

+[[package]]
+name = "serde_urlencoded"
+version = "0.7.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "d3491c14715ca2294c4d6a88f15e84739788c1d030eed8c110436aafdaa2f3fd"
+dependencies = [
+ "form_urlencoded",
+ "itoa",
+ "ryu",
+ "serde",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "serde_with"
 version = "3.24.0"
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ members = ["crates/*", "src-tauri"]
 exclude = ["sdk", "plugins"]

 [workspace.package]
-version = "0.1.35"
+version = "0.1.36"
 edition = "2024"
 rust-version = "1.96"
 license = "Apache-2.0"
@@ -86,6 +86,7 @@ zip = { version = "9", default-features = false, features = ["deflate"] }
 # search, index, language
 grep-searcher = "0.1"
 grep-regex = "0.1"
+regex-syntax = "0.8"
 grep-matcher = "0.1"
 nucleo-matcher = "0.3"
 redb = "4"
@@ -14,6 +14,8 @@
  &nbsp;·&nbsp;
  <a href="#benchmark">Benchmark</a>
  &nbsp;·&nbsp;
+  <a href="#plugins">Plugins</a>
+  &nbsp;·&nbsp;
  <a href="https://discord.gg/2Zy4yn7gP">Discord</a>
 </p>

@@ -45,6 +47,16 @@ IDEA analyses Python more deeply, so "ready" doesn't mean the same work on
 both sides. Both are measured from the outside, the same way: see
 [`perf/compare`](perf/compare) to run it on your machine and projects.

+## Plugins
+
+Plugins add actions, completion, quick fixes, tool windows, custom editors,
+themes, file icons and languages. They run as sandboxed WebAssembly components;
+themes, icon themes and languages need no code at all.
+
+Install them from Settings › Plugins, or start your own with
+`openidea-plugin new` — see [Writing OpenIDEA plugins](plugins/README.md) and
+the [official plugins](plugins/official). The plugin API is still a preview.
+
 ## License

 [Apache 2.0](LICENSE). Bundled third-party assets are listed in [`THIRD_PARTY_LICENSES.md`](THIRD_PARTY_LICENSES.md).
@@ -2,12 +2,12 @@

 ## Project Lombok

-`plugins/lombok/lombok-1.18.48-openidea.2.jar` contains Project Lombok v1.18.48 with the Equinox
+`java/lombok/lombok-1.18.48-openidea.2.jar` contains Project Lombok v1.18.48 with the Equinox
 classloader fix from [projectlombok/lombok#4059](https://github.com/projectlombok/lombok/pull/4059)
 and the ECJ constructor-call fix from [projectlombok/lombok#4089](https://github.com/projectlombok/lombok/pull/4089).
 Copyright (C) 2009-2021 The Project Lombok Authors. MIT license and bundled component
-notices are retained in [plugins/lombok/LICENSE](plugins/lombok/LICENSE) and inside the jar.
-Source tag, patch commits and build instructions: [plugins/lombok/README.md](plugins/lombok/README.md).
+notices are retained in [java/lombok/LICENSE](java/lombok/LICENSE) and inside the jar.
+Source tag, patch commits and build instructions: [java/lombok/README.md](java/lombok/README.md).

 ## JetBrains IntelliJ Platform icons

@@ -52,6 +52,15 @@ Their original copyright headers and Apache-2.0 licensing are retained.

 At render time `src/ui/icons.tsx` may recolour monochrome icons to `currentColor`.

+## JetBrains IntelliJ Platform VCS log graph algorithms
+
+`crates/ide-vcs/src/bek.rs` and `src/features/vcs/graph.ts` adapt the Bek ordering,
+graph layout and LinearBek merge linearization algorithms from
+[intellij-community](https://github.com/JetBrains/intellij-community/tree/1d70d5c54302d655758edbd2f808fb8dea8b1764/platform/vcs-log/graph/src/com/intellij/vcs/log/graph)
+(`impl/facade/sort/bek`, `impl/permanent/GraphLayoutBuilder.kt` and
+`linearBek/LinearBekGraphBuilder.java`). Modified from the originals.
+Copyright 2000-2026 JetBrains s.r.o. and contributors. Apache License 2.0 (below).
+
 ## JetBrains IntelliJ Platform diff algorithm

 `src/features/vcs/comparison/**` is a TypeScript port of the text comparison of
@@ -58,6 +58,8 @@ pub(crate) const LIMITS_UPDATE: &str = "openidea_limits";
 const MAX_EMBED: u64 = 256 * 1024;
 /// How long a probe waits for the agent to answer `initialize`.
 const PROBE_TIMEOUT: Duration = Duration::from_secs(30);
+/// How long deleting a task waits for its agent to exit before removing the worktree.
+const EXIT_WAIT: Duration = Duration::from_secs(5);

 /// The agent tasks of one project.
 pub struct AgentManager {
@@ -345,6 +347,14 @@ impl AgentManager {
        provider::set_builtin_command(&dir, id, command.as_deref())
    }

+    /// Sets the environment variables built-in `id` starts with; empty clears them.
+    pub fn set_builtin_env(&self, id: &str, env: std::collections::BTreeMap<String, String>) -> IdeResult<()> {
+        let Some(dir) = self.shared.paths.custom_agents_dir.clone() else {
+            return Err(IdeError::unavailable("there is no custom agents directory"));
+        };
+        provider::set_builtin_env(&dir, id, env)
+    }
+
    /// Re-reads configured/installed agents, drops cached probes, and notifies subscribers.
    pub fn reload_providers(&self) {
        let specs = provider::load(self.shared.paths.custom_agents_dir.as_deref());
@@ -831,7 +841,7 @@ impl AgentManager {
    /// Forgets the task; with `remove_worktree` also deletes its worktree (the branch stays).
    pub async fn delete(&self, id: &str, remove_worktree: bool) -> IdeResult<()> {
        let task = self.task(id)?;
-        task.kill();
+        let live = task.kill();
        let (isolation, cwd, root) = {
            let s = task.state.lock();
            (
@@ -843,6 +853,11 @@ impl AgentManager {
        // A copy of the task (a fork) may work in the same worktree.
        let shared = self.tasks.read().values().any(|t| t.id != id && t.state.lock().task.cwd.0 == cwd);
        if remove_worktree && !shared && isolation == Isolation::Worktree && cwd.exists() {
+            // On Windows the agent's processes lock the folder (their working directory,
+            // open files) until they have exited.
+            if let Some(peer) = live {
+                let _ = tokio::time::timeout(EXIT_WAIT, peer.exited()).await;
+            }
            let worktrees = self.shared.paths.worktrees_dir.clone();
            blocking(move || worktree::remove(&root, &worktrees, &cwd)).await?;
        }
@@ -1597,11 +1612,12 @@ impl Task {
        }
    }

-    fn kill(&self) {
+    /// Stops the agent; returns its connection, to wait for its process to exit.
+    fn kill(&self) -> Option<acp::Conn> {
        self.cancel_permissions();
-        if let Some(live) = self.live.lock().take() {
-            live.peer.kill();
-        }
+        let live = self.live.lock().take()?;
+        live.peer.kill();
+        Some(live.peer)
    }
 }

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 use ide_core::IpcPath;
 use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
 use specta::Type;
+use std::collections::BTreeMap;

 #[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, Deserialize, Type)]
 #[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
@@ -357,6 +358,8 @@ pub struct AgentProvider {
    pub command_read_only_reason: Option<AgentCommandReadOnlyReason>,
    /// Whether the command was found (on `PATH`).
    pub installed: bool,
+    /// Environment variables it starts with (from its agent file).
+    pub env: BTreeMap<String, String>,
    /// Settings (models, modes…) the agent offered last time it ran; empty before its first session.
    pub config: Vec<AgentConfigOption>,
    /// Slash commands it offered last time.
@@ -124,6 +124,7 @@ pub(crate) fn describe(spec: &ProviderSpec) -> AgentProvider {
        command_editable: reason.is_none(),
        command_read_only_reason: reason,
        installed: installed(&spec.command),
+        env: spec.env.iter().cloned().collect(),
        config: vec![],
        commands: vec![],
        source: spec.source.clone(),
@@ -133,6 +134,16 @@ pub(crate) fn describe(spec: &ProviderSpec) -> AgentProvider {
 /// Overrides built-in `id`'s command through its agent file, preserving other
 /// customizations. `None` restores the built-in command and removes a redundant file.
 pub(crate) fn set_builtin_command(custom_dir: &Path, id: &str, command: Option<&str>) -> IdeResult<()> {
+    update_builtin(custom_dir, id, |agent, builtin| agent.command = command.unwrap_or(&builtin.command).to_owned())
+}
+
+/// The environment built-in `id` starts with, through its agent file (empty clears it).
+pub(crate) fn set_builtin_env(custom_dir: &Path, id: &str, env: BTreeMap<String, String>) -> IdeResult<()> {
+    update_builtin(custom_dir, id, |agent, _| agent.env = env)
+}
+
+/// Changes built-in `id`'s agent file; a file left with only the built-in's values is removed.
+fn update_builtin(custom_dir: &Path, id: &str, change: impl FnOnce(&mut CustomAgent, &ProviderSpec)) -> IdeResult<()> {
    let Some(builtin) = builtin_spec(id) else {
        return Err(IdeError::invalid(format!("{id} is not a built-in agent")));
    };
@@ -152,7 +163,8 @@ pub(crate) fn set_builtin_command(custom_dir: &Path, id: &str, command: Option<&
    if agent.registry.is_some() {
        return Err(IdeError::invalid(format!("{id} is installed from the ACP Registry")));
    }
-    if command.is_none()
+    change(&mut agent, &builtin);
+    if agent.command == builtin.command
        && agent.name.as_deref() == Some(builtin.name.as_str())
        && agent.driver == builtin.driver
        && agent.args == builtin.args
@@ -164,7 +176,6 @@ pub(crate) fn set_builtin_command(custom_dir: &Path, id: &str, command: Option<&
        }
        return Ok(());
    }
-    agent.command = command.unwrap_or(&builtin.command).to_owned();
    agent.write(&file)?;
    Ok(())
 }
@@ -368,6 +379,23 @@ mod tests {
        assert!(installed("sh"));
    }

+    #[test]
+    fn set_builtin_env_writes_and_clears_the_environment() {
+        let dir = tempfile::tempdir().unwrap();
+        let env = BTreeMap::from([("CLAUDE_CODE_ENTRYPOINT".to_owned(), "openidea".to_owned())]);
+        set_builtin_env(dir.path(), "claude", env.clone()).unwrap();
+        let claude = load(Some(dir.path())).into_iter().find(|s| s.id == "claude").unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(claude.env, vec![("CLAUDE_CODE_ENTRYPOINT".to_owned(), "openidea".to_owned())]);
+        assert_eq!(describe(&claude).env, env);
+        // The command override and the environment are kept independently.
+        set_builtin_command(dir.path(), "claude", Some("/opt/claude")).unwrap();
+        set_builtin_command(dir.path(), "claude", None).unwrap();
+        assert!(dir.path().join("claude.toml").is_file());
+        set_builtin_env(dir.path(), "claude", BTreeMap::new()).unwrap();
+        assert!(!dir.path().join("claude.toml").exists());
+        set_builtin_env(dir.path(), "not-a-builtin", env).unwrap_err();
+    }
+
    #[test]
    fn set_builtin_command_overrides_and_clears_a_builtin() {
        let dir = tempfile::tempdir().unwrap();
@@ -1109,3 +1109,114 @@ async fn idle_agents_stop_and_resume_their_session_on_the_next_message() {
    assert!(live(&mgr, &task.id));
    mgr.shutdown();
 }
+
+/// Deleting a task whose agent still runs in the worktree removes both and leaves no
+/// process behind, whether it is waiting for permission or idle without session/load.
+#[tokio::test(flavor = "multi_thread")]
+async fn deleting_a_task_waits_for_its_agent_to_exit_before_removing_the_worktree() {
+    for no_load in [false, true] {
+        delete_running_agent(no_load).await;
+    }
+}
+
+async fn delete_running_agent(no_load: bool) {
+    let tmp = tempfile::tempdir().unwrap();
+    let root = dunce::canonicalize(tmp.path()).unwrap();
+    let git = |args: &[&str]| {
+        let out = std::process::Command::new("git")
+            .args(["-c", "user.name=t", "-c", "user.email=t@t", "-c", "commit.gpgsign=false"])
+            .args(args)
+            .current_dir(&root)
+            .output()
+            .unwrap();
+        assert!(out.status.success(), "{}", String::from_utf8_lossy(&out.stderr));
+    };
+    git(&["init", "-q", "-b", "main"]);
+    std::fs::write(root.join("file.txt"), "original\n").unwrap();
+    git(&["add", "."]);
+    git(&["commit", "-qm", "initial"]);
+
+    let agent = Arc::new(FakeAgent { no_load, ..FakeAgent::default() });
+    let pids: Arc<Mutex<Vec<u32>>> = Arc::default();
+    let (fake, started) = (agent.clone(), pids.clone());
+    // The fake agent, served on behalf of a real process that exits only when killed.
+    let connector: Connector = Arc::new(move |_spec, cwd, client, _stderr| {
+        #[cfg(unix)]
+        let mut cmd = {
+            let mut cmd = tokio::process::Command::new("sleep");
+            cmd.arg("30");
+            cmd
+        };
+        #[cfg(windows)]
+        let mut cmd = {
+            let mut cmd = tokio::process::Command::new("cmd");
+            cmd.args(["/D", "/C", "echo ready>agent-ready & ping -n 30 127.0.0.1 >nul"]);
+            cmd
+        };
+        ide_core::process::prepare(cmd.as_std_mut());
+        ide_core::process::own_group(cmd.as_std_mut());
+        cmd.current_dir(cwd).kill_on_drop(true);
+        let child = cmd.spawn()?;
+        started.lock().push(child.id().unwrap());
+        let (a, b) = duplex(1 << 20);
+        let (ar, aw) = tokio::io::split(a);
+        let (br, bw) = tokio::io::split(b);
+        // `connect_with_child` frames with Content-Length.
+        fake.servers.lock().push(Peer::connect(br, bw, fake.clone()));
+        Ok(Peer::connect_with_child(ar, aw, client, child))
+    });
+    let mgr = AgentManager::with_connector(
+        AgentPaths {
+            project_root: root.clone(),
+            store_dir: root.join("store"),
+            worktrees_dir: root.join("worktrees"),
+            models_file: root.join("models.json"),
+            custom_agents_dir: None,
+            home_dir: None,
+        },
+        tokio::runtime::Handle::current(),
+        connector,
+    );
+    let task = mgr
+        .create(NewAgentTask {
+            project_root: None,
+            prompt: text(if no_load { "again" } else { "Fix the lexer" }),
+            provider: "claude".into(),
+            config: vec![],
+            isolation: Isolation::Worktree,
+            base: None,
+        })
+        .await
+        .unwrap();
+    wait_for(&mgr, &task.id, if no_load { AgentStatus::Ready } else { AgentStatus::NeedsInput }).await;
+    let pid = *pids.lock().last().expect("the agent was started");
+
+    #[cfg(windows)]
+    {
+        tokio::time::timeout(Duration::from_secs(5), async {
+            while !task.cwd.0.join("agent-ready").exists() {
+                tokio::time::sleep(Duration::from_millis(10)).await;
+            }
+        })
+        .await
+        .unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(
+            std::fs::rename(&task.cwd.0, task.cwd.0.with_extension("moved")).unwrap_err().raw_os_error(),
+            Some(32),
+            "the running agent really locks its worktree"
+        );
+    }
+
+    mgr.delete(&task.id, true).await.unwrap();
+    assert!(!task.cwd.0.exists());
+    // Killed and reaped: not even a zombie is left.
+    #[cfg(unix)]
+    let alive = std::process::Command::new("kill").args(["-0", &pid.to_string()]).status().unwrap().success();
+    #[cfg(windows)]
+    let alive = {
+        let mut cmd = std::process::Command::new("tasklist");
+        ide_core::process::prepare(&mut cmd).args(["/FI", &format!("PID eq {pid}"), "/FO", "CSV", "/NH"]);
+        String::from_utf8_lossy(&cmd.output().unwrap().stdout).contains(&format!("\"{pid}\""))
+    };
+    assert!(!alive, "the agent (pid {pid}) is still running");
+}
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ use ide_core::{IdeError, IdeResult, IpcPath};
 use ide_vcs::{ChangeKind, Repo};
 use std::collections::BTreeMap;
 use std::path::{Path, PathBuf};
-use std::time::UNIX_EPOCH;
+use std::time::{Duration, UNIX_EPOCH};

 pub(crate) struct Created {
    pub path: PathBuf,
@@ -65,7 +65,27 @@ pub(crate) fn remove(project_root: &Path, worktrees_dir: &Path, path: &Path) ->
    if !path.starts_with(worktrees_dir) || path == worktrees_dir {
        return Err(err);
    }
-    std::fs::remove_dir_all(path).map_err(|e| IdeError::internal(e.to_string()))
+    retrying(REMOVE_ATTEMPTS, REMOVE_PAUSE, || std::fs::remove_dir_all(path))
+        .map_err(|e| IdeError::internal(format!("{}: {e}", path.display())))
+}
+
+/// On Windows a folder can't be deleted while a process still has a file in it open
+/// (os error 32): an agent's helper that outlived it, an antivirus scan, the search indexer.
+/// Those let go within moments, so removing is retried for a few seconds.
+const REMOVE_ATTEMPTS: u32 = 10;
+const REMOVE_PAUSE: Duration = Duration::from_millis(300);
+
+fn retrying(attempts: u32, pause: Duration, mut op: impl FnMut() -> std::io::Result<()>) -> std::io::Result<()> {
+    for _ in 1..attempts {
+        match op() {
+            Err(e) if e.kind() != std::io::ErrorKind::NotFound => std::thread::sleep(pause),
+            _ => return Ok(()),
+        }
+    }
+    match op() {
+        Err(e) if e.kind() == std::io::ErrorKind::NotFound => Ok(()),
+        r => r,
+    }
 }

 /// Files under `cwd` that differ from `base` (untracked files included), with line counts.
@@ -149,6 +169,54 @@ fn unique_slug(base: &str, taken: impl Fn(&str) -> bool) -> String {
 mod tests {
    use super::*;

+    #[test]
+    fn removing_is_retried_while_a_file_is_still_in_use() {
+        use std::io::{Error, ErrorKind};
+        // A sharing violation as Windows reports it (os error 32), a vanished folder, other errors.
+        let in_use = || Error::from_raw_os_error(32);
+        for (fails, outcome) in [(0, true), (3, true), (REMOVE_ATTEMPTS - 1, true), (REMOVE_ATTEMPTS, false)] {
+            let mut calls = 0;
+            let r = retrying(REMOVE_ATTEMPTS, Duration::ZERO, || {
+                calls += 1;
+                if calls <= fails { Err(in_use()) } else { Ok(()) }
+            });
+            assert_eq!(r.is_ok(), outcome, "{fails} failures");
+            assert_eq!(calls, (fails + 1).min(REMOVE_ATTEMPTS));
+        }
+        let mut calls = 0;
+        let gone = retrying(REMOVE_ATTEMPTS, Duration::ZERO, || {
+            calls += 1;
+            if calls == 1 { Err(in_use()) } else { Err(Error::from(ErrorKind::NotFound)) }
+        });
+        assert!(gone.is_ok(), "deleted meanwhile: done");
+        assert_eq!(calls, 2);
+    }
+
+    #[cfg(windows)]
+    #[test]
+    fn removing_waits_for_a_windows_file_lock_to_be_released() {
+        use std::os::windows::fs::OpenOptionsExt;
+        let tmp = tempfile::tempdir().unwrap();
+        let repo = tmp.path().join("repo");
+        std::fs::create_dir(&repo).unwrap();
+        git(&repo, &["init", "-q", "-b", "main"]);
+        std::fs::write(repo.join("a.txt"), "one\n").unwrap();
+        git(&repo, &["add", "."]);
+        git(&repo, &["commit", "-q", "-m", "init"]);
+        let worktrees = tmp.path().join("wt");
+        let created = create(&repo, &worktrees, "Locked file", None).unwrap();
+        let file = std::fs::OpenOptions::new().read(true).share_mode(0).open(created.path.join("a.txt")).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(std::fs::remove_file(created.path.join("a.txt")).unwrap_err().raw_os_error(), Some(32));
+        let release = std::thread::spawn(move || {
+            std::thread::sleep(Duration::from_millis(800));
+            drop(file);
+        });
+        let result = remove(&repo, &worktrees, &created.path);
+        release.join().unwrap();
+        result.unwrap();
+        assert!(!created.path.exists());
+    }
+
    #[test]
    fn slugs_are_branch_safe() {
        assert_eq!(slugify("Fix lexer UTF-16 columns!"), "fix-lexer-utf-16-columns");
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ pub use fingerprint::{LaunchFingerprint, launch_fingerprint};

 use crate::process::{self, Stream};
 use crate::{BuildModel, maven};
+use ide_core::settings::CMakeProfile;
 use ide_core::{CancellationToken, Diagnostic, IdeError, IdeResult, Pos, Range, Severity};
 use parse::{ColUnit, Format, OutputParser, RawMessage};
 use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
@@ -41,6 +42,8 @@ pub enum BuildSystem {
    Go,
    #[serde(rename = "typescript")]
    TypeScript,
+    #[serde(rename = "cmake")]
+    CMake,
 }

 /// One command of a build.
@@ -152,6 +155,8 @@ fn detect_dir(dir: &Path, model: &BuildModel, root: &Path) -> Option<BuildSystem
        Some(BuildSystem::Go)
    } else if has(dir, &["tsconfig.json", "package.json"]) {
        Some(BuildSystem::TypeScript)
+    } else if has(dir, &["CMakeLists.txt"]) {
+        Some(BuildSystem::CMake)
    } else {
        None
    }
@@ -176,7 +181,14 @@ fn ancestors_within<'a>(root: &'a Path, file: &'a Path) -> impl Iterator<Item =
 }

 /// The build of `root`, or of the module containing `file` (Build Module / Recompile).
-pub fn plan(root: &Path, model: &BuildModel, kind: BuildKind, file: Option<&Path>) -> IdeResult<BuildPlan> {
+/// `cmake`: the CMake profiles of the settings (the first one is built), if any.
+pub fn plan(
+    root: &Path,
+    model: &BuildModel,
+    kind: BuildKind,
+    file: Option<&Path>,
+    cmake: Option<&[CMakeProfile]>,
+) -> IdeResult<BuildPlan> {
    let project_name = root.file_name().map_or_else(|| "project".to_owned(), |n| n.to_string_lossy().into_owned());
    let module_dir = match file {
        Some(f) => {
@@ -192,7 +204,9 @@ pub fn plan(root: &Path, model: &BuildModel, kind: BuildKind, file: Option<&Path
    let system = detect_dir(&dir, model, root)
        .or_else(|| if model.gradle.is_some() { Some(BuildSystem::Gradle) } else { None })
        .or_else(|| model.maven.as_ref().filter(|m| !m.projects.is_empty()).map(|_| BuildSystem::Maven))
-        .ok_or_else(|| IdeError::not_found("no supported build system (Maven, Gradle, Cargo, Go, TypeScript) found"))?;
+        .ok_or_else(|| {
+            IdeError::not_found("no supported build system (Maven, Gradle, Cargo, Go, TypeScript, CMake) found")
+        })?;
    let module = module_dir.as_deref().filter(|d| *d != root);
    let title = match module {
        Some(d) => format!(
@@ -209,6 +223,7 @@ pub fn plan(root: &Path, model: &BuildModel, kind: BuildKind, file: Option<&Path
        // Go builds the file's package (a module holds many).
        BuildSystem::Go => go_steps(file.and_then(Path::parent).unwrap_or(&dir), kind),
        BuildSystem::TypeScript => ts_steps(&dir, kind),
+        BuildSystem::CMake => cmake_steps(&dir, kind, cmake.and_then(<[_]>::first)),
    };
    Ok(BuildPlan { system, title, steps })
 }
@@ -302,6 +317,50 @@ fn cargo_steps(dir: &Path, kind: BuildKind) -> Vec<BuildStep> {
    }
 }

+/// CLion's Build Project for a CMake project: configures the build directory when it has no
+/// `CMakeCache.txt` yet, then `cmake --build` (`--clean-first` to rebuild). The directory and
+/// options come from the CMake profile; without one, a configured directory of the project
+/// (the first by name), else `build`, as the generated run configurations use.
+fn cmake_steps(dir: &Path, kind: BuildKind, profile: Option<&CMakeProfile>) -> Vec<BuildStep> {
+    let build_dir = match profile {
+        Some(p) if !p.build_dir.trim().is_empty() => p.build_dir.trim().to_owned(),
+        Some(p) => format!("cmake-build-{}", p.build_type.to_lowercase()),
+        None => {
+            let mut configured: Vec<String> = std::fs::read_dir(dir)
+                .into_iter()
+                .flatten()
+                .flatten()
+                .filter(|e| e.path().join("CMakeCache.txt").is_file())
+                .map(|e| e.file_name().to_string_lossy().into_owned())
+                .collect();
+            configured.sort();
+            configured.into_iter().next().unwrap_or_else(|| "build".into())
+        }
+    };
+    let build_type = profile.map_or("Debug", |p| p.build_type.as_str());
+    let env = profile.map(|p| p.env.clone()).unwrap_or_default();
+    let mut steps = Vec::new();
+    if !dir.join(&build_dir).join("CMakeCache.txt").is_file() {
+        let mut configure = BuildStep::new("cmake", &["-S", ".", "-B", &build_dir], dir, Format::Gcc);
+        if let Some(p) = profile.filter(|p| !p.generator.trim().is_empty()) {
+            configure.args.extend(["-G".into(), p.generator.clone()]);
+        }
+        configure.args.push(format!("-DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE={build_type}"));
+        configure.args.push("-DCMAKE_EXPORT_COMPILE_COMMANDS=ON".into());
+        configure.args.extend(profile.map(|p| p.cmake_args.clone()).unwrap_or_default());
+        configure.env = env.clone();
+        steps.push(configure);
+    }
+    let mut build = BuildStep::new("cmake", &["--build", &build_dir, "--config", build_type], dir, Format::Gcc);
+    if kind == BuildKind::Rebuild {
+        build.args.push("--clean-first".into());
+    }
+    build.args.extend(profile.map(|p| p.build_args.clone()).unwrap_or_default());
+    build.env = env;
+    steps.push(build);
+    steps
+}
+
 fn go_steps(dir: &Path, kind: BuildKind) -> Vec<BuildStep> {
    let module_root = dir.ancestors().find(|d| d.join("go.mod").is_file()).unwrap_or(dir);
    let target = if module_root == dir { "./...".to_owned() } else { format!("./{}/...", rel_str(module_root, dir)) };
@@ -687,7 +746,7 @@ fn launch_plan(root: &Path, model: &BuildModel, module: &Path, test: bool) -> Id
    } else {
        BuildKind::Build
    };
-    let mut plan = plan(root, model, kind, Some(module))?;
+    let mut plan = plan(root, model, kind, Some(module), None)?;
    if plan.system == BuildSystem::Maven && !test {
        for step in &mut plan.steps {
            if let Some(goal) = step.args.last_mut() {
@@ -796,12 +855,12 @@ mod tests {
        write(&root, "core/pom.xml", "<project><artifactId>core</artifactId></project>");
        write(&root, "core/src/main/java/A.java", "class A {}");
        let model = crate::load(&root, &tmp.path().join("cache"), None);
-        let p = plan(&root, &model, BuildKind::Build, None).unwrap();
+        let p = plan(&root, &model, BuildKind::Build, None, None).unwrap();
        assert_eq!(p.system, BuildSystem::Maven);
        assert_eq!(p.title, "demo");
        assert_eq!(p.steps.len(), 1);
        assert_eq!(p.steps[0].args, ["-B", "-Dstyle.color=never", "test-compile"]);
-        let p = plan(&root, &model, BuildKind::Rebuild, Some(&root.join("core/src/main/java/A.java"))).unwrap();
+        let p = plan(&root, &model, BuildKind::Rebuild, Some(&root.join("core/src/main/java/A.java")), None).unwrap();
        assert_eq!(p.steps[0].args, ["-B", "-Dstyle.color=never", "-pl", "core", "-am", "clean", "test-compile"]);
        assert_eq!(p.steps[0].cwd, root);
        assert_eq!(p.title, "demo: build module 'core'");
@@ -810,24 +869,24 @@ mod tests {
        write(&g, "settings.gradle", "include 'app'");
        write(&g, "app/build.gradle", "apply plugin: 'java'");
        let model = crate::load(&g, &tmp.path().join("cache2"), None);
-        let p = plan(&g, &model, BuildKind::Build, Some(&g.join("app/src/A.java"))).unwrap();
+        let p = plan(&g, &model, BuildKind::Build, Some(&g.join("app/src/A.java")), None).unwrap();
        assert_eq!(p.system, BuildSystem::Gradle);
        assert_eq!(p.steps[0].args, ["--console=plain", ":app:classes", ":app:testClasses"]);
        assert_eq!(
-            plan(&g, &model, BuildKind::Artifacts, None).unwrap().steps[0].args,
+            plan(&g, &model, BuildKind::Artifacts, None, None).unwrap().steps[0].args,
            ["--console=plain", "assemble"]
        );

        let c = tmp.path().join("c");
        write(&c, "Cargo.toml", "[package]\nname='c'");
-        let p = plan(&c, &BuildModel::default(), BuildKind::Rebuild, None).unwrap();
+        let p = plan(&c, &BuildModel::default(), BuildKind::Rebuild, None, None).unwrap();
        assert_eq!(p.system, BuildSystem::Cargo);
        assert_eq!(p.steps.len(), 2);
        assert_eq!(p.steps[0].args[0], "clean");

        let go = tmp.path().join("go");
        write(&go, "go.mod", "module x");
-        let p = plan(&go, &BuildModel::default(), BuildKind::Build, Some(&go.join("pkg/a/a.go"))).unwrap();
+        let p = plan(&go, &BuildModel::default(), BuildKind::Build, Some(&go.join("pkg/a/a.go")), None).unwrap();
        assert_eq!(p.steps[0].args, ["build", "./pkg/a/..."]);
        assert_eq!(p.steps[0].cwd, go);

@@ -835,19 +894,51 @@ mod tests {
        write(&ts, "package.json", r#"{"scripts":{"build":"vite build"}}"#);
        write(&ts, "tsconfig.json", "{}");
        write(&ts, "pnpm-lock.yaml", "");
-        let p = plan(&ts, &BuildModel::default(), BuildKind::Build, None).unwrap();
+        let p = plan(&ts, &BuildModel::default(), BuildKind::Build, None, None).unwrap();
        assert_eq!(p.steps[0].args, ["--noEmit", "--pretty", "false", "-p", "."]);
-        let p = plan(&ts, &BuildModel::default(), BuildKind::Artifacts, None).unwrap();
+        let p = plan(&ts, &BuildModel::default(), BuildKind::Artifacts, None, None).unwrap();
        assert_eq!(
            (p.steps[0].program.as_str(), p.steps[0].args.as_slice()),
            ("pnpm", &["run".to_owned(), "build".to_owned()][..])
        );

+        let cm = tmp.path().join("cm");
+        write(&cm, "CMakeLists.txt", "project(app)");
+        let args = |p: &BuildPlan| p.steps.iter().map(|s| s.args.join(" ")).collect::<Vec<_>>();
+        let p = plan(&cm, &BuildModel::default(), BuildKind::Build, None, None).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(p.system, BuildSystem::CMake);
+        assert_eq!(
+            args(&p),
+            [
+                "-S . -B build -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Debug -DCMAKE_EXPORT_COMPILE_COMMANDS=ON",
+                "--build build --config Debug"
+            ],
+            "an unconfigured project is configured first"
+        );
+        write(&cm, "cmake-build-release/CMakeCache.txt", "");
+        let p = plan(&cm, &BuildModel::default(), BuildKind::Rebuild, None, None).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(
+            args(&p),
+            ["--build cmake-build-release --config Debug --clean-first"],
+            "a configured directory is reused"
+        );
+        let profile = CMakeProfile {
+            build_type: "Release".into(),
+            generator: "Ninja".into(),
+            build_args: vec!["-j".into(), "8".into()],
+            ..CMakeProfile::default()
+        };
+        let p =
+            plan(&cm, &BuildModel::default(), BuildKind::Build, None, Some(std::slice::from_ref(&profile))).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(args(&p), ["--build cmake-build-release --config Release -j 8"]);
+        let p = plan(&cm, &BuildModel::default(), BuildKind::Build, None, Some(&[CMakeProfile::default()])).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(p.steps[0].args[..4], ["-S", ".", "-B", "cmake-build-debug"]);
+
        let siblings = tmp.path().join("siblings");
        write(&siblings, "core/pom.xml", "<project><artifactId>core</artifactId></project>");
        write(&siblings, "system/pom.xml", "<project><artifactId>system</artifactId></project>");
        let model = crate::load(&siblings, &tmp.path().join("cache3"), None);
-        let p = plan(&siblings, &model, BuildKind::Build, None).unwrap();
+        let p = plan(&siblings, &model, BuildKind::Build, None, None).unwrap();
        assert_eq!(p.system, BuildSystem::Maven);
        assert_eq!(
            p.steps.iter().map(|s| s.cwd.clone()).collect::<Vec<_>>(),
@@ -856,7 +947,7 @@ mod tests {

        let none = tmp.path().join("none");
        std::fs::create_dir_all(&none).unwrap();
-        assert!(plan(&none, &BuildModel::default(), BuildKind::Build, None).is_err());
+        assert!(plan(&none, &BuildModel::default(), BuildKind::Build, None, None).is_err());
    }

    #[test]
@@ -22,6 +22,8 @@ pub(crate) enum Format {
    Tsc,
    /// `go build`: `./a.go:12:5: msg`.
    Go,
+    /// GCC / Clang (through `cmake --build`): `src/a.cpp:12:5: error: msg`.
+    Gcc,
 }

 /// What a printed column counts.
@@ -296,6 +298,17 @@ fn go_line(line: &str) -> Option<RawMessage> {
    (!msg.is_empty()).then(|| RawMessage::new(Severity::Error, msg, ColUnit::Byte).at(path, ln, col))
 }

+/// A GCC / Clang diagnostic line; notes and the context lines after it are left as output.
+fn gcc_line(line: &str) -> Option<RawMessage> {
+    let (path, ln, col, rest) = path_line_col(line)?;
+    let rest = rest.strip_prefix(':')?.trim_start();
+    let (severity, msg) =
+        [("fatal error:", Severity::Error), ("error:", Severity::Error), ("warning:", Severity::Warning)]
+            .into_iter()
+            .find_map(|(prefix, severity)| rest.strip_prefix(prefix).map(|m| (severity, m.trim())))?;
+    (!msg.is_empty()).then(|| RawMessage::new(severity, msg, ColUnit::Byte).at(path, ln, col))
+}
+
 /// rustc's JSON diagnostic (`reason: compiler-message`) → message and its rendered text.
 fn cargo_json(v: &Value) -> Option<(Option<RawMessage>, String)> {
    if v.get("reason")?.as_str()? != "compiler-message" {
@@ -410,6 +423,7 @@ impl OutputParser {
            Format::Gradle => javac_header(&line).or_else(|| kotlin_line(&line)),
            Format::Tsc => tsc_line(&line),
            Format::Go => go_line(&line),
+            Format::Gcc => gcc_line(&line),
            Format::Cargo => None,
        };
        if let Some(msg) = parsed {
@@ -563,6 +577,24 @@ mod tests {
        assert_eq!(out[2].text, "Cannot find name 'foo'.");
    }

+    #[test]
+    fn gcc_errors_and_warnings() {
+        let out = parse(
+            Format::Gcc,
+            "[1/2] Building CXX object CMakeFiles/app.dir/main.cpp.o\n\
+             /p/src/main.cpp:12:5: error: use of undeclared identifier 'foo'\n\
+             \x20  12 |     foo();\n\
+             /p/src/util.h:3:10: warning: unused variable 'x' [-Wunused-variable]\n\
+             /p/src/main.cpp:4:10: fatal error: 'missing.h' file not found\n\
+             /p/src/main.cpp:2:1: note: in file included from here\n",
+        );
+        assert_eq!(out.len(), 3, "{out:?}");
+        assert_eq!(out[0].severity, Severity::Error);
+        assert_eq!(out[0].text, "use of undeclared identifier 'foo'");
+        assert_eq!(out[1].severity, Severity::Warning);
+        assert_eq!(out[2].text, "'missing.h' file not found");
+    }
+
    #[test]
    fn go_errors() {
        let out = parse(
@@ -0,0 +1,257 @@
+//! A Gradle project's resolved dependencies for the Dependency Analyzer:
+//! `gradle <project>:dependencies --configuration <name>`, parsed from its tree report.
+
+use crate::gradle;
+use crate::process;
+use crate::sync::{SyncOptions, error_summary};
+use ide_core::{CancellationToken, IdeError, IdeResult};
+use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
+use specta::Type;
+use std::path::Path;
+
+/// One line of the report: an occurrence of a dependency where it is requested.
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, Default, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, Deserialize, Type)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct GradleDependency {
+    /// `group`, empty for a project dependency.
+    pub group: String,
+    /// Artifact name, or the project path (`:core`) of a project dependency.
+    pub name: String,
+    /// The version asked for here; `None` when a platform or constraint supplies it.
+    pub requested: Option<String>,
+    /// The version Gradle selected (`-> 1.2`), when it differs from the request.
+    pub selected: Option<String>,
+    /// A project of the build (`project :core`, or a module substituted by one).
+    pub project: bool,
+    /// `(*)`: listed with its dependencies earlier in the tree.
+    pub repeated: bool,
+    /// `(c)`: a dependency constraint rather than a dependency.
+    pub constraint: bool,
+    /// `(n)` / `FAILED`: not resolved.
+    pub unresolved: bool,
+    pub children: Vec<GradleDependency>,
+}
+
+/// Parses the tree of a `dependencies --configuration` report (lines `+--- g:a:1.0 -> 1.1 (*)`).
+pub fn parse_report(output: &str) -> Vec<GradleDependency> {
+    let mut roots: Vec<GradleDependency> = Vec::new();
+    // Path of child indexes from the roots to the last node of each depth.
+    let mut path: Vec<usize> = Vec::new();
+    for line in output.lines() {
+        let Some((depth, text)) = tree_line(line) else { continue };
+        let node = parse_entry(text);
+        path.truncate(depth);
+        if depth > path.len() {
+            continue; // A line deeper than its parent allows: not part of a well-formed tree.
+        }
+        let siblings = if depth == 0 {
+            &mut roots
+        } else {
+            let mut list = &mut roots;
+            for &i in &path[..depth - 1] {
+                list = &mut list[i].children;
+            }
+            let Some(parent) = list.get_mut(path[depth - 1]) else { continue };
+            &mut parent.children
+        };
+        siblings.push(node);
+        path.push(siblings.len() - 1);
+    }
+    roots
+}
+
+/// `|    \--- g:a:1.0` → (1, "g:a:1.0").
+fn tree_line(line: &str) -> Option<(usize, &str)> {
+    let mut rest = line;
+    let mut depth = 0;
+    loop {
+        if let Some(r) = rest.strip_prefix("+--- ").or_else(|| rest.strip_prefix("\\--- ")) {
+            return Some((depth, r.trim()));
+        }
+        rest = rest.strip_prefix("|    ").or_else(|| rest.strip_prefix("     "))?;
+        depth += 1;
+    }
+}
+
+fn parse_entry(text: &str) -> GradleDependency {
+    let mut d = GradleDependency::default();
+    let mut text = text.trim();
+    loop {
+        if let Some(t) = text.strip_suffix(" (*)") {
+            d.repeated = true;
+            text = t;
+        } else if let Some(t) = text.strip_suffix(" (c)") {
+            d.constraint = true;
+            text = t;
+        } else if let Some(t) = text.strip_suffix(" (n)").or_else(|| text.strip_suffix(" FAILED")) {
+            d.unresolved = true;
+            text = t;
+        } else {
+            break;
+        }
+        text = text.trim_end();
+    }
+    let (left, right) = match text.split_once(" -> ") {
+        Some((l, r)) => (l.trim(), Some(r.trim())),
+        None => (text, None),
+    };
+    if let Some(project) = left.strip_prefix("project ") {
+        d.project = true;
+        d.name = project_path(project);
+    } else {
+        let mut parts = left.splitn(3, ':');
+        d.group = parts.next().unwrap_or_default().to_owned();
+        d.name = parts.next().unwrap_or_default().to_owned();
+        d.requested = parts.next().filter(|v| !v.is_empty()).map(str::to_owned);
+    }
+    if let Some(right) = right {
+        if let Some(project) = right.strip_prefix("project ") {
+            // A module substituted by a project of the build.
+            d.project = true;
+            d.selected = Some(project_path(project));
+        } else {
+            d.selected = Some(right.to_owned());
+        }
+    }
+    d
+}
+
+/// `:core`, or `':core'` as Gradle 9 quotes it.
+fn project_path(text: &str) -> String {
+    let t = text.trim();
+    t.strip_prefix('\'').and_then(|t| t.strip_suffix('\'')).unwrap_or(t).to_owned()
+}
+
+/// Runs the `dependencies` report of `project` (a Gradle path, `:` for the root) for
+/// `configuration` and returns its tree.
+pub fn gradle_dependencies(
+    root: &Path,
+    options: &SyncOptions,
+    project: &str,
+    configuration: &str,
+    cancel: &CancellationToken,
+) -> IdeResult<Vec<GradleDependency>> {
+    if !configuration.chars().all(|c| c.is_ascii_alphanumeric() || c == '_' || c == '-') || configuration.is_empty() {
+        return Err(IdeError::invalid(format!("not a configuration name: {configuration}")));
+    }
+    if !project.starts_with(':') || project.chars().any(char::is_whitespace) {
+        return Err(IdeError::invalid(format!("not a Gradle project path: {project}")));
+    }
+    let model = gradle::load(root).ok_or_else(|| IdeError::not_found("no Gradle build in this project"))?;
+    let task = if project == ":" { ":dependencies".to_owned() } else { format!("{project}:dependencies") };
+    let mut args: Vec<String> =
+        vec!["--console=plain".into(), "-q".into(), task, "--configuration".into(), configuration.into()];
+    if options.offline {
+        args.push("--offline".into());
+    }
+    let out = process::run(
+        options.gradle_command.as_deref().unwrap_or(&model.command),
+        &args,
+        &root.join(&model.dir),
+        &options.env,
+        cancel,
+        |_, _| {},
+    )?;
+    if !out.success {
+        return Err(IdeError::unavailable(error_summary(&out.text)));
+    }
+    Ok(parse_report(&out.text))
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+
+    fn dep(group: &str, name: &str, requested: Option<&str>) -> GradleDependency {
+        GradleDependency {
+            group: group.into(),
+            name: name.into(),
+            requested: requested.map(Into::into),
+            ..Default::default()
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn parses_the_tree_with_selected_versions_and_markers() {
+        let report = "\
+------------------------------------------------------------
+Project ':app'
+------------------------------------------------------------
+
+runtimeClasspath - Runtime classpath of source set 'main'.
+--- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-web -> 3.2.0
+|    +--- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter:3.2.0
+|    |    \\--- org.yaml:snakeyaml:2.2
+|    \\--- com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-databind:2.15.0 -> 2.15.3 (*)
+--- project ':core'
+|    \\--- com.google.guava:guava:{strictly 32.1.3-jre} -> 32.1.3-jre (c)
+--- org.example:legacy:1.0 -> project :legacy
+\\--- org.missing:gone:9 FAILED
+
+(c) - A dependency constraint, not a dependency. The dependency affected by the constraint occurs elsewhere in the tree.
+(*) - Indicates repeated occurrences of a transitive dependency subtree. Gradle expands transitive dependency subtrees only once per project; repeat occurrences only display the root of the subtree, followed by this annotation.
+";
+        let tree = parse_report(report);
+        assert_eq!(tree.len(), 4);
+        let web = &tree[0];
+        assert_eq!((web.group.as_str(), web.name.as_str()), ("org.springframework.boot", "spring-boot-starter-web"));
+        assert_eq!((web.requested.as_deref(), web.selected.as_deref()), (None, Some("3.2.0")));
+        assert_eq!(web.children.len(), 2);
+        assert_eq!(web.children[0].children, vec![dep("org.yaml", "snakeyaml", Some("2.2"))]);
+        let databind = &web.children[1];
+        assert_eq!((databind.requested.as_deref(), databind.selected.as_deref()), (Some("2.15.0"), Some("2.15.3")));
+        assert!(databind.repeated);
+        let core = &tree[1];
+        assert!(core.project && core.group.is_empty());
+        assert_eq!(core.name, ":core");
+        let guava = &core.children[0];
+        assert!(guava.constraint);
+        assert_eq!(guava.requested.as_deref(), Some("{strictly 32.1.3-jre}"));
+        let legacy = &tree[2];
+        assert!(legacy.project);
+        assert_eq!((legacy.name.as_str(), legacy.selected.as_deref()), ("legacy", Some(":legacy")));
+        assert!(tree[3].unresolved);
+        assert_eq!(tree[3].requested.as_deref(), Some("9"));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn an_empty_configuration_has_no_dependencies() {
+        assert!(
+            parse_report("compileClasspath - Compile classpath for source set 'main'.\nNo dependencies\n").is_empty()
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn rejects_names_that_are_not_configurations_or_projects() {
+        let tmp = tempfile::tempdir().unwrap();
+        let options = SyncOptions::default();
+        let cancel = CancellationToken::new();
+        assert!(gradle_dependencies(tmp.path(), &options, ":", "x --init-script y", &cancel).is_err());
+        assert!(gradle_dependencies(tmp.path(), &options, "app", "runtimeClasspath", &cancel).is_err());
+    }
+
+    #[cfg(unix)]
+    #[test]
+    fn runs_the_report_of_the_project_and_configuration() {
+        use std::os::unix::fs::PermissionsExt;
+        let tmp = tempfile::tempdir().unwrap();
+        let root = tmp.path();
+        std::fs::write(root.join("settings.gradle"), "include 'app'").unwrap();
+        std::fs::write(root.join("build.gradle"), "").unwrap();
+        let launcher = root.join("fake-gradle");
+        std::fs::write(&launcher, "#!/bin/sh\necho \"$@\" > args\necho '\\--- org.a:b:1.0'\n").unwrap();
+        std::fs::set_permissions(&launcher, std::fs::Permissions::from_mode(0o755)).unwrap();
+        let options = SyncOptions {
+            gradle_command: Some(launcher.to_string_lossy().into_owned()),
+            offline: true,
+            ..Default::default()
+        };
+        let tree =
+            gradle_dependencies(root, &options, ":app", "testRuntimeClasspath", &CancellationToken::new()).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(tree, vec![dep("org.a", "b", Some("1.0"))]);
+        assert_eq!(
+            std::fs::read_to_string(root.join("args")).unwrap().trim(),
+            "--console=plain -q :app:dependencies --configuration testRuntimeClasspath --offline"
+        );
+    }
+}
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ pub fn build(
    cancel: &CancellationToken,
 ) -> IdeResult<Outcome> {
    std::fs::create_dir_all(generation)?;
-    let mut plan = compile::plan(root, model, BuildKind::Build, None)?;
+    let mut plan = compile::plan(root, model, BuildKind::Build, None, None)?;
    if plan.system != compile::BuildSystem::Maven {
        return Err(IdeError::invalid("Kotlin bridge requires a Maven build root"));
    }
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
 pub mod application_update;
 pub mod compile;
 pub mod gradle;
+mod gradle_deps;
 pub mod kotlin_bridge;
 pub mod maven;
 pub mod pom_edit;
@@ -17,6 +18,7 @@ pub mod web;
 mod xml;

 pub use gradle::{GradleModel, GradleProject, GradleTask};
+pub use gradle_deps::{GradleDependency, gradle_dependencies};
 pub use maven::{MavenDependency, MavenModel, MavenPlugin, MavenProfile, MavenProject, Omission};
 pub use sync::{SyncOptions, SyncProgress, maven_profiles, save_maven_profiles, sync_gradle, sync_maven};

@@ -53,7 +55,8 @@ pub fn load_linked(
    settings: &ide_core::settings::MavenSettings,
 ) -> BuildModel {
    let maven = maven::is_maven_project(root).then(|| {
-        let mut m = maven::load_with_repo(root, maven_repo.or_else(maven::default_local_repo));
+        let profiles = sync::maven_profiles(cache_dir);
+        let mut m = maven::load_with(root, maven_repo.or_else(maven::default_local_repo), &profiles);
        maven::UnlinkedProjects::from_model(&m, settings).filter(&mut m);
        sync::apply_maven_cache(root, cache_dir, &mut m);
        m
@@ -460,6 +460,8 @@ const MAX_PARENT_DEPTH: usize = 10;

 struct Resolver {
    local_repo: Option<PathBuf>,
+    /// The chosen profiles (`-P` entries; `!id` / `-id` deactivates).
+    profiles: Vec<String>,
    poms: HashMap<PathBuf, Option<RawPom>>,
    contexts: HashMap<PathBuf, Inherited>,
 }
@@ -484,8 +486,16 @@ pub fn local_repository_of(settings: &Path) -> Option<PathBuf> {
 }

 impl Resolver {
-    fn new(local_repo: Option<PathBuf>) -> Self {
-        Self { local_repo, poms: HashMap::new(), contexts: HashMap::new() }
+    fn new(local_repo: Option<PathBuf>, profiles: &[String]) -> Self {
+        Self { local_repo, profiles: profiles.to_vec(), poms: HashMap::new(), contexts: HashMap::new() }
+    }
+
+    /// The active profiles of a POM: the chosen ones, and the `activeByDefault` ones not turned
+    /// off while none of the POM's other profiles is chosen (Maven's rule).
+    fn active<'a>(&self, profiles: &'a [RawProfile]) -> impl Iterator<Item = &'a RawProfile> {
+        let chosen = |id: &str| profile_choice(&self.profiles, id);
+        let any_chosen = profiles.iter().any(|p| chosen(&p.id) == Some(true));
+        profiles.iter().filter(move |p| chosen(&p.id).unwrap_or(p.active_by_default && !any_chosen))
    }

    fn pom(&mut self, path: &Path) -> Option<RawPom> {
@@ -550,7 +560,7 @@ impl Resolver {
        if pom.compiler_release.is_some() {
            ctx.compiler_release = pom.compiler_release.clone();
        }
-        for p in pom.profiles.iter().filter(|p| p.active_by_default) {
+        for p in self.active(&pom.profiles) {
            merge_by(&mut ctx.properties, &p.properties, |(k, _)| k.clone());
            merge_by(&mut ctx.deps, &p.deps, RawDep::key);
            merge_plugins(&mut ctx.plugins, &p.plugins);
@@ -666,7 +676,7 @@ pub(crate) fn launch_inputs(
        }
        Some(())
    }
-    let mut resolver = Resolver::new(local_repo.or_else(default_local_repo));
+    let mut resolver = Resolver::new(local_repo.or_else(default_local_repo), &[]);
    let mut out = Vec::new();
    for project in projects {
        let dir = root.join(&project.dir);
@@ -1055,8 +1065,32 @@ pub fn load(root: &Path) -> MavenModel {
    load_with_repo(root, default_local_repo())
 }

+/// [`load`] with the chosen `profiles` (`-P` entries; `!id` deactivates): their modules,
+/// dependencies and properties are part of the model, those turned off are not.
+pub fn load_with_profiles(root: &Path, profiles: &[String]) -> MavenModel {
+    load_with(root, default_local_repo(), profiles)
+}
+
 pub(crate) fn load_with_repo(root: &Path, local_repo: Option<PathBuf>) -> MavenModel {
-    let mut resolver = Resolver::new(local_repo);
+    load_with(root, local_repo, &[])
+}
+
+/// The `-P` entries' choice for profile `id`: on, off (`!id` / `-id`), or none (the last wins).
+fn profile_choice(chosen: &[String], id: &str) -> Option<bool> {
+    chosen.iter().rev().find_map(|c| {
+        let c = c.trim();
+        if c == id {
+            Some(true)
+        } else if c.strip_prefix('!').or_else(|| c.strip_prefix('-')) == Some(id) {
+            Some(false)
+        } else {
+            None
+        }
+    })
+}
+
+pub(crate) fn load_with(root: &Path, local_repo: Option<PathBuf>, profiles: &[String]) -> MavenModel {
+    let mut resolver = Resolver::new(local_repo, profiles);
    let mut model = MavenModel::default();
    let mut seen: HashSet<PathBuf> = HashSet::new();
    // (pom, aggregated)
@@ -1076,7 +1110,7 @@ pub(crate) fn load_with_repo(root: &Path, local_repo: Option<PathBuf>) -> MavenM
        let i = |s: &str| interpolate(s, &props);

        let mut module_names: Vec<String> = pom.modules.clone();
-        for p in pom.profiles.iter().filter(|p| p.active_by_default) {
+        for p in resolver.active(&pom.profiles) {
            module_names.extend(p.modules.iter().cloned());
        }
        let mut modules: Vec<PathBuf> = Vec::new();
@@ -1699,6 +1733,52 @@ mod tests {
        assert!(model.projects.iter().all(|p| p.command == if cfg!(windows) { "mvn.cmd" } else { "mvn" }));
    }

+    #[test]
+    fn chosen_profiles_bring_their_modules_and_dependencies() {
+        let tmp = tempfile::tempdir().unwrap();
+        let root = tmp.path();
+        write(
+            root,
+            "pom.xml",
+            r#"<project><groupId>demo</groupId><artifactId>parent</artifactId><version>1.0</version><packaging>pom</packaging>
+              <modules><module>core</module></modules>
+              <profiles>
+                <profile><id>flink-1.17</id><activation><activeByDefault>true</activeByDefault></activation>
+                  <modules><module>flink-1.17</module></modules></profile>
+                <profile><id>flink-1.20</id><modules><module>flink-1.20</module></modules>
+                  <dependencies><dependency><groupId>org.apache.flink</groupId><artifactId>flink-core</artifactId><version>1.20.0</version></dependency></dependencies>
+                </profile>
+              </profiles>
+            </project>"#,
+        );
+        for m in ["core", "flink-1.17", "flink-1.20"] {
+            write(
+                root,
+                &format!("{m}/pom.xml"),
+                &format!(
+                    "<project><parent><groupId>demo</groupId><artifactId>parent</artifactId><version>1.0</version></parent><artifactId>{m}</artifactId></project>"
+                ),
+            );
+        }
+        let dirs = |m: &MavenModel| m.projects.iter().map(|p| p.dir.clone()).collect::<Vec<_>>();
+        let flink = |m: &MavenModel, dir: &str| {
+            m.projects.iter().find(|p| p.dir == dir).unwrap().dependencies.iter().any(|d| d.artifact_id == "flink-core")
+        };
+
+        let default = load_with(root, None, &[]);
+        assert_eq!(dirs(&default), ["", "core", "flink-1.17"]);
+        assert!(!flink(&default, "core"));
+
+        // Choosing another profile of the POM turns its activeByDefault one off (as `-P` does).
+        let chosen = load_with(root, None, &["flink-1.20".into()]);
+        assert_eq!(dirs(&chosen), ["", "core", "flink-1.20"]);
+        assert!(flink(&chosen, "core"), "a module inherits the chosen profile's dependencies");
+
+        let both = load_with(root, None, &["flink-1.20".into(), "flink-1.17".into()]);
+        assert_eq!(dirs(&both), ["", "core", "flink-1.17", "flink-1.20"]);
+        assert_eq!(dirs(&load_with(root, None, &["!flink-1.17".into()])), ["", "core"]);
+    }
+
    #[test]
    fn profiles_of_a_parent_pom_are_inherited() {
        let tmp = tempfile::tempdir().unwrap();
@@ -283,7 +283,7 @@ pub fn sync_maven(
    cancel: &CancellationToken,
    progress: &dyn Fn(SyncProgress),
 ) -> IdeResult<()> {
-    let mut model = maven::load(root);
+    let mut model = maven::load_with_profiles(root, &options.profiles);
    maven::UnlinkedProjects::from_model(&model, &options.maven_settings).filter(&mut model);
    std::fs::create_dir_all(cache_dir)?;
    let mut cache = MavenCache {
@@ -315,7 +315,10 @@ pub fn sync_maven(
    for (n, top) in model.projects.iter().filter(|p| !p.aggregated).enumerate() {
        let effective = cache_dir.join(format!("effective-pom-{n}.xml"));
        let _ = std::fs::remove_file(&effective);
-        let mut args: Vec<String> = vec!["-B".into(), "-fae".into(), "-Dstyle.color=never".into()];
+        // `-T1` keeps mvnd serial: its default parallel build interleaves the
+        // `dependency:tree` output of concurrent modules, which the sync parses
+        // as one stream. mvn is serial anyway, so this only pins the daemon.
+        let mut args: Vec<String> = vec!["-B".into(), "-fae".into(), "-Dstyle.color=never".into(), "-T1".into()];
        args.extend(options.maven_options.iter().cloned());
        if options.offline {
            args.push("-o".into());
@@ -680,4 +683,25 @@ mod tests {
        assert_eq!(error_summary(text), "Failed to execute goal");
        assert_eq!(error_summary("one\nlast line\n\n"), "last line");
    }
+
+    #[cfg(unix)]
+    #[test]
+    fn maven_sync_runs_the_daemon_command_serially() {
+        use std::os::unix::fs::PermissionsExt;
+        let tmp = tempfile::tempdir().unwrap();
+        let root = tmp.path().join("p");
+        std::fs::create_dir_all(&root).unwrap();
+        std::fs::write(root.join("pom.xml"), "<project><groupId>g</groupId><artifactId>a</artifactId></project>")
+            .unwrap();
+        let launcher = tmp.path().join("fake-mvnd");
+        std::fs::write(&launcher, "#!/bin/sh\nprintf '%s\\n' \"$@\" > mvnd-args\n").unwrap();
+        std::fs::set_permissions(&launcher, std::fs::Permissions::from_mode(0o755)).unwrap();
+        let options =
+            SyncOptions { maven_command: Some(launcher.to_string_lossy().into_owned()), ..Default::default() };
+        sync_maven(&root, &tmp.path().join("cache"), &options, &CancellationToken::new(), &|_| {}).unwrap();
+        let args = std::fs::read_to_string(root.join("mvnd-args")).unwrap();
+        // `-T1` pins the daemon serial so the dependency trees stay parseable.
+        assert!(args.contains("-T1"), "args: {args}");
+        assert!(args.contains("help:effective-pom"), "args: {args}");
+    }
 }
@@ -22,4 +22,4 @@ tempfile.workspace = true
 libc = "0.2"

 [target.'cfg(windows)'.dependencies]
-windows-sys = { version = "0.61", features = ["Win32_Globalization", "Win32_Security", "Win32_System_Registry", "Win32_Foundation"] }
+windows-sys = { version = "0.61", features = ["Win32_Globalization", "Win32_Security", "Win32_System_Registry", "Win32_Foundation", "Win32_System_Diagnostics_ToolHelp", "Win32_System_Threading"] }
@@ -2,6 +2,18 @@
 //! treats as nonexistent — hidden from the project view and navigation, never
 //! indexed or searched, never offered as unversioned changes.

+use std::path::Path;
+
+/// Whether `dir` lies in a Git (or jj) working tree: it or an ancestor holds `.git` / `.jj`.
+///
+/// Walkers pass it to `ignore::WalkBuilder::require_git`: inside a repository, `.gitignore`
+/// rules then stop at a nested repository's root as in git, so an outer repository's
+/// `.gitignore` does not hide a project that is its own repository. A folder outside any
+/// repository still honours its `.gitignore`.
+pub fn inside_git_repo(dir: &Path) -> bool {
+    dir.ancestors().any(|d| d.join(".git").exists() || d.join(".jj").exists())
+}
+
 /// IDEA's default list, plus `.jj` and the Windows shell files.
 pub const DEFAULT_IGNORED_NAMES: &[&str] = &[
    "*.pyc",
@@ -103,4 +115,15 @@ mod tests {
        assert!(m.is_ignored_path("pkg/__pycache__/mod.cpython-312.pyc"));
        assert!(!m.is_ignored_path("src/main.rs"));
    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn finds_the_repository_at_or_above_a_directory() {
+        let dir = tempfile::tempdir().unwrap();
+        let sub = dir.path().join("a/b");
+        std::fs::create_dir_all(&sub).unwrap();
+        assert!(!inside_git_repo(&sub));
+        std::fs::create_dir(dir.path().join("a/.git")).unwrap();
+        assert!(inside_git_repo(&sub));
+        assert!(inside_git_repo(&dir.path().join("a")));
+    }
 }
@@ -43,19 +43,21 @@ pub fn own_group(cmd: &mut Command) -> &mut Command {
 /// Kills the child and everything it started, then reaps it.
 ///
 /// - Unix: `SIGKILL` to its process group, so spawn it with [`own_group`].
-/// - Windows: `taskkill /T /F`, which walks the tree from the child's process id.
+/// - Windows: `taskkill /T /F`, which walks the tree from the child's process id, then a
+///   wait for what the child started to be gone.
 pub fn kill_tree(child: &mut Child) {
    #[cfg(unix)]
    signal_group(child, libc::SIGKILL);
    #[cfg(windows)]
-    taskkill_tree(child);
+    taskkill_tree_of(child.id());
    let _ = child.kill();
    let _ = child.wait();
 }

 /// [`kill_tree`] for a child known by its process id (a `tokio` child): `SIGKILL` to its
-/// process group (spawn it with [`own_group`]) or `taskkill /T /F`. Call it before the child
-/// is reaped, so the id still names it. The child itself is left to its owner to kill and reap.
+/// process group (spawn it with [`own_group`]) or `taskkill /T /F` and a wait for what the
+/// child started to be gone. Call it before the child is reaped, so the id still names it.
+/// The child itself is left to its owner to kill and reap.
 pub fn kill_tree_of(pid: u32) {
    #[cfg(unix)]
    if let Ok(pid) = libc::pid_t::try_from(pid) {
@@ -65,15 +67,7 @@ pub fn kill_tree_of(pid: u32) {
        }
    }
    #[cfg(windows)]
-    {
-        let mut taskkill = Command::new("taskkill");
-        prepare(&mut taskkill)
-            .args(["/T", "/F", "/PID", &pid.to_string()])
-            .stdin(Stdio::null())
-            .stdout(Stdio::null())
-            .stderr(Stdio::null());
-        let _ = taskkill.status();
-    }
+    taskkill_tree_of(pid);
    #[cfg(not(any(unix, windows)))]
    let _ = pid;
 }
@@ -106,15 +100,107 @@ fn signal_group(child: &Child, signal: libc::c_int) {
    }
 }

+/// How long killing a tree waits for the processes the child started to be gone.
 #[cfg(windows)]
-fn taskkill_tree(child: &Child) {
+const TREE_EXIT_WAIT: Duration = Duration::from_secs(5);
+
+/// `taskkill /T /F` from `pid`, then waits (up to [`TREE_EXIT_WAIT`]) until what the child
+/// started is gone: termination is asynchronous, and until a process is gone the files it
+/// holds open can't be opened or deleted. The child itself is left to its owner to reap.
+#[cfg(windows)]
+fn taskkill_tree_of(pid: u32) {
+    let started = windows_tree::descendants(pid);
    let mut taskkill = Command::new("taskkill");
    prepare(&mut taskkill)
-        .args(["/T", "/F", "/PID", &child.id().to_string()])
+        .args(["/T", "/F", "/PID", &pid.to_string()])
        .stdin(Stdio::null())
        .stdout(Stdio::null())
        .stderr(Stdio::null());
    let _ = taskkill.status();
+    windows_tree::wait_all(&started, TREE_EXIT_WAIT);
+}
+
+#[cfg(windows)]
+mod windows_tree {
+    use std::collections::HashSet;
+    use std::os::windows::io::{AsRawHandle, FromRawHandle, OwnedHandle};
+    use std::time::{Duration, Instant};
+    use windows_sys::Win32::Foundation::{FILETIME, INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE};
+    use windows_sys::Win32::System::Diagnostics::ToolHelp::{
+        CreateToolhelp32Snapshot, PROCESSENTRY32W, Process32FirstW, Process32NextW, TH32CS_SNAPPROCESS,
+    };
+    use windows_sys::Win32::System::Threading::{
+        GetProcessTimes, OpenProcess, PROCESS_QUERY_LIMITED_INFORMATION, PROCESS_SYNCHRONIZE, WaitForSingleObject,
+    };
+
+    /// Every process `root` started, directly or not, opened so it can be waited for. A
+    /// parent's id is reused once it is gone, so a process counts only if it started after
+    /// its parent.
+    pub(super) fn descendants(root: u32) -> Vec<OwnedHandle> {
+        let Some(root_started) = open(root).as_ref().and_then(started) else { return Vec::new() };
+        let processes = processes();
+        let mut seen = HashSet::from([root]);
+        let mut parents = vec![(root, root_started)];
+        let mut found = Vec::new();
+        while let Some((parent, parent_started)) = parents.pop() {
+            for &(pid, ppid) in &processes {
+                if ppid != parent || !seen.insert(pid) {
+                    continue;
+                }
+                let Some(handle) = open(pid) else { continue };
+                if let Some(at) = started(&handle).filter(|&at| at >= parent_started) {
+                    parents.push((pid, at));
+                    found.push(handle);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        found
+    }
+
+    pub(super) fn wait_all(processes: &[OwnedHandle], within: Duration) {
+        let until = Instant::now() + within;
+        for process in processes {
+            let left = until.saturating_duration_since(Instant::now());
+            // SAFETY: a live process handle opened with SYNCHRONIZE access.
+            unsafe { WaitForSingleObject(process.as_raw_handle(), left.as_millis().min(u32::MAX as u128 - 1) as u32) };
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// (process id, parent process id) of every running process.
+    fn processes() -> Vec<(u32, u32)> {
+        let mut out = Vec::new();
+        // SAFETY: a snapshot handle owned here and an entry sized as the API requires.
+        unsafe {
+            let snapshot = CreateToolhelp32Snapshot(TH32CS_SNAPPROCESS, 0);
+            if snapshot.is_null() || snapshot == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE {
+                return out;
+            }
+            let snapshot = OwnedHandle::from_raw_handle(snapshot);
+            let mut entry = PROCESSENTRY32W { dwSize: size_of::<PROCESSENTRY32W>() as u32, ..Default::default() };
+            let mut more = Process32FirstW(snapshot.as_raw_handle(), &mut entry);
+            while more != 0 {
+                out.push((entry.th32ProcessID, entry.th32ParentProcessID));
+                more = Process32NextW(snapshot.as_raw_handle(), &mut entry);
+            }
+        }
+        out
+    }
+
+    fn open(pid: u32) -> Option<OwnedHandle> {
+        // SAFETY: plain call; a non-null result is a process handle owned by the caller.
+        let handle = unsafe { OpenProcess(PROCESS_SYNCHRONIZE | PROCESS_QUERY_LIMITED_INFORMATION, 0, pid) };
+        // SAFETY: as above.
+        (!handle.is_null()).then(|| unsafe { OwnedHandle::from_raw_handle(handle) })
+    }
+
+    /// When the process started, in 100 ns ticks since 1601.
+    fn started(process: &OwnedHandle) -> Option<u64> {
+        let (mut created, mut exited, mut kernel, mut user) =
+            (FILETIME::default(), FILETIME::default(), FILETIME::default(), FILETIME::default());
+        // SAFETY: a live process handle opened with query access; four out-parameters.
+        let ok = unsafe { GetProcessTimes(process.as_raw_handle(), &mut created, &mut exited, &mut kernel, &mut user) };
+        (ok != 0).then(|| (u64::from(created.dwHighDateTime) << 32) | u64::from(created.dwLowDateTime))
+    }
 }

 /// Gives `cmd` the host's environment back when the IDE runs from an AppImage. `AppRun` and
@@ -123,12 +209,14 @@ fn taskkill_tree(child: &Child) {
 /// inherits them loads the image's (older) libraries and plugins next to its own, e.g.
 /// `curl: symbol lookup error ... nghttp2_...`. The IDE process keeps its environment
 /// (WebKit and GTK still need it). Then applies the [`set_env_overlay`] variables and
-/// those of a manual HTTP proxy ([`crate::proxy_settings::ProxySettings::child_env`]).
-/// Variables the call site has already set are kept. A no-op outside an AppImage
-/// without an overlay.
+/// those of a manual HTTP proxy ([`crate::proxy_settings::ProxySettings::child_env`]),
+/// and the login shell's variables this process lacks ([`shell_env`]: an app started from
+/// Finder/Dock doesn't have what rc files export, such as `GOPATH`, `JAVA_HOME` or
+/// `MAVEN_OPTS`). Variables the call site has already set are kept.
 pub fn host_env(cmd: &mut Command) -> &mut Command {
    let fixes = child_env_changes();
-    if fixes.is_empty() {
+    let shell: Vec<_> = shell_env().collect();
+    if fixes.is_empty() && shell.is_empty() {
        return cmd;
    }
    let explicit: Vec<OsString> = cmd.get_envs().map(|(k, _)| k.to_owned()).collect();
@@ -138,6 +226,9 @@ pub fn host_env(cmd: &mut Command) -> &mut Command {
            None => cmd.env_remove(key),
        };
    }
+    for (key, value) in shell.into_iter().filter(|(k, _)| !explicit.contains(k)) {
+        cmd.env(key, value);
+    }
    cmd
 }

@@ -154,12 +245,13 @@ pub fn host_vars() -> impl Iterator<Item = (OsString, OsString)> {
    apply_changes(std::env::vars_os().collect(), &child_env_changes()).into_iter()
 }

-/// [`std::env::var_os`] as a child should see it (see [`host_env`]).
+/// [`std::env::var_os`] as a child should see it (see [`host_env`]), the login shell's value
+/// included when this process lacks the variable.
 pub fn host_var_os(key: impl AsRef<OsStr>) -> Option<OsString> {
    let key = key.as_ref();
    match child_env_changes().into_iter().find(|(k, _)| k == key) {
        Some((_, fixed)) => fixed,
-        None => std::env::var_os(key),
+        None => std::env::var_os(key).or_else(|| shell_env().find(|(k, _)| k == key).map(|(_, v)| v)),
    }
 }

@@ -572,6 +664,15 @@ mod tests {
        assert_eq!(get("HOME"), Some(None));
        let shell: Vec<_> = shell_env().map(|(k, _)| k).collect();
        assert_eq!(shell, [OsString::from("OPENIDEA_OVERLAY_B")]);
+        // Every child gets what the login shell exports and the IDE process lacks (a Finder
+        // launch: `GOPATH`, `JAVA_HOME`...), unless the call site sets it.
+        assert_eq!(get("OPENIDEA_OVERLAY_B"), Some(Some("b".into())));
+        let mut own = Command::new("true");
+        own.env("OPENIDEA_OVERLAY_B", "call site");
+        host_env(&mut own);
+        let value = own.get_envs().find(|(n, _)| *n == "OPENIDEA_OVERLAY_B").and_then(|(_, v)| v);
+        assert_eq!(value, Some(OsStr::new("call site")));
+        assert_eq!(host_var_os("OPENIDEA_OVERLAY_B"), Some("b".into()));
        assert_eq!(host_var_os("PATH"), Some("/reloaded".into()));
        assert!(host_vars().all(|(k, _)| k != "HOME"));
        assert!(host_vars().any(|(k, v)| k == "OPENIDEA_OVERLAY_A" && v == "project"));
@@ -157,6 +157,16 @@ pub struct LanguageServerSettings {
    pub languages: Vec<String>,
    /// Files marking a workspace root for a server defined here (`pyproject.toml`).
    pub root_markers: Vec<String>,
+    /// Replaces the definition's `features`: what the server is used for
+    /// (`code-action`, `hover`, …); an empty list means everything.
+    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
+    #[specta(optional)]
+    pub features: Option<Vec<String>>,
+    /// Replaces the definition's `code-action-kinds` (`refactor`); an empty
+    /// list keeps every kind.
+    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
+    #[specta(optional)]
+    pub code_action_kinds: Option<Vec<String>>,
 }

 impl Default for LanguageServerSettings {
@@ -170,6 +180,8 @@ impl Default for LanguageServerSettings {
            settings: None,
            languages: Vec::new(),
            root_markers: Vec::new(),
+            features: None,
+            code_action_kinds: None,
        }
    }
 }
@@ -339,6 +351,7 @@ pub struct AppearanceSettings {
    pub preferred_dark_theme: String,
    /// A plugin's file icon theme (`<plugin-id>/<theme-id>`); empty = the built-in icons.
    pub file_icon_theme: String,
+    pub file_icon_theme_options: BTreeMap<String, FileIconThemeOptions>,
    /// IDE zoom in percent (50–300).
    pub zoom: u32,
    /// Apply `ui_font_family` / `ui_font_size` (otherwise the theme's).
@@ -374,6 +387,24 @@ pub struct AppearanceSettings {
 /// Main toolbar entries per side, in order: title widget ids (`project`,
 /// `vcs.branch`…) or `action:<id>`. Widgets in neither list nor `hidden`
 /// (registered later) keep their default place.
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, Default, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, Deserialize, Type)]
+#[serde(default, rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct FileIconThemeOptions {
+    pub groups: BTreeMap<String, bool>,
+    pub choices: BTreeMap<String, String>,
+    pub hide_files: bool,
+    pub hide_folders: bool,
+    pub hollow_folders: bool,
+    pub hide_ui_icons: bool,
+    pub hide_psi_icons: bool,
+    pub monochrome: Option<String>,
+    pub saturation: Option<u8>,
+    pub opacity: Option<u8>,
+    pub icon_size: Option<u8>,
+    pub row_height: Option<u8>,
+    pub accent: Option<String>,
+}
+
 #[derive(Clone, Debug, Default, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, Deserialize, Type)]
 #[serde(default, rename_all = "camelCase")]
 pub struct MainToolbarSettings {
@@ -394,6 +425,7 @@ impl Default for AppearanceSettings {
            preferred_light_theme: "light".into(),
            preferred_dark_theme: "dark".into(),
            file_icon_theme: String::new(),
+            file_icon_theme_options: BTreeMap::new(),
            zoom: 100,
            use_custom_font: false,
            ui_font_family: "Inter".into(),
@@ -681,6 +713,9 @@ impl Default for PythonSettings {
 pub struct PhpSettings {
    /// `php` CLI executable; empty = the one on `PATH`.
    pub interpreter: String,
+    /// PHP version the language server checks the code against (`7.4`); empty = from
+    /// `composer.json` (`config.platform.php`, else the lowest version `require.php` allows).
+    pub language_level: String,
 }

 #[derive(Clone, Debug, Default, PartialEq, Serialize, Deserialize, Type)]
@@ -829,6 +864,12 @@ pub struct MavenSettings {
    pub user_settings: String,
    /// Local repository (`-Dmaven.repo.local`); empty = from `settings.xml`.
    pub local_repository: String,
+    /// Run Maven through the Maven Daemon (`mvnd`) for faster builds. mvnd embeds
+    /// its own Maven, so `home` and the project's `mvnw` are bypassed when it is on.
+    pub daemon: bool,
+    /// Maven Daemon home (or its `mvnd` executable); empty = `$MVND_HOME`, else
+    /// `mvnd` on `PATH` / common install dirs. Only used when `daemon` is on.
+    pub mvnd_home: String,
 }

 #[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Serialize, Deserialize, Type)]
@@ -919,6 +960,36 @@ mod tests {
        assert_eq!(serde_json::from_value::<Settings>(value).unwrap(), settings);
    }

+    #[test]
+    fn file_icon_theme_options_default_empty_and_round_trip() {
+        let old: Settings = serde_json::from_str(r#"{"appearance":{"fileIconTheme":"p/t"}}"#).unwrap();
+        assert!(old.appearance.file_icon_theme_options.is_empty());
+        let json = serde_json::json!({"appearance":{"fileIconThemeOptions":{"p/t":{
+            "groups":{"tests":true},"choices":{"arrows":"plusminus"},"hideFiles":true,"hideFolders":false,"hollowFolders":true,"hideUiIcons":true,"hidePsiIcons":false,
+            "monochrome":"#546e7a","saturation":5,"opacity":80,"iconSize":20,"rowHeight":30,"accent":"#009688"}}}});
+        let settings: Settings = serde_json::from_value(json.clone()).unwrap();
+        let options = &settings.appearance.file_icon_theme_options["p/t"];
+        assert!(options.hide_files && options.hollow_folders && !options.hide_folders);
+        assert!(options.hide_ui_icons && !options.hide_psi_icons);
+        assert!(options.groups["tests"]);
+        assert_eq!(options.choices["arrows"], "plusminus");
+        assert_eq!(
+            (options.saturation, options.opacity, options.icon_size, options.row_height),
+            (Some(5), Some(80), Some(20), Some(30))
+        );
+        assert_eq!(options.monochrome.as_deref(), Some("#546e7a"));
+        assert_eq!(options.accent.as_deref(), Some("#009688"));
+        let value = serde_json::to_value(&settings).unwrap();
+        let restored: Settings = serde_json::from_value(value).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(restored, settings);
+        let plain = serde_json::to_value(FileIconThemeOptions::default()).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(plain["hideFiles"], false);
+        assert_eq!(plain["hideUiIcons"], false);
+        assert_eq!(plain["hidePsiIcons"], false);
+        assert_eq!(plain["monochrome"], serde_json::Value::Null);
+        assert_eq!(plain["groups"], serde_json::json!({}));
+    }
+
    #[test]
    fn ui_font_fallback_defaults_empty_and_round_trips() {
        let old: Settings = serde_json::from_str(r#"{"appearance":{"useCustomFont":true}}"#).unwrap();
@@ -1030,6 +1101,17 @@ mod maven_linkage_tests {
        assert!(encoded.contains("unlinkedProjects"));
        assert_eq!(serde_json::from_str::<MavenSettings>(&encoded).unwrap(), settings);
    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn daemon_settings_round_trip() {
+        // Old settings files predate the daemon fields; `serde(default)` keeps them loadable.
+        let old: MavenSettings = serde_json::from_str(r#"{"home":"/opt/maven"}"#).unwrap();
+        assert!(!old.daemon && old.mvnd_home.is_empty());
+        let settings = MavenSettings { daemon: true, mvnd_home: "/opt/mvnd".into(), ..old };
+        let encoded = serde_json::to_string(&settings).unwrap();
+        assert!(encoded.contains("\"daemon\":true") && encoded.contains("mvndHome"));
+        assert_eq!(serde_json::from_str::<MavenSettings>(&encoded).unwrap(), settings);
+    }
 }

 #[cfg(test)]
@@ -212,6 +212,19 @@ pub struct Variable {
    pub evaluate_name: Option<String>,
 }

+/// A completion the adapter offers for an expression (DAP `completions`).
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Serialize, Deserialize, Type)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct DebugCompletion {
+    pub label: String,
+    /// What to insert, when it differs from `label`.
+    pub text: Option<String>,
+    /// DAP item type: `method`, `field`, `variable`, `class`, `keyword`, …
+    pub kind: Option<String>,
+    pub detail: Option<String>,
+    pub sort_text: Option<String>,
+}
+
 #[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, Serialize, Deserialize, Type)]
 #[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
 pub enum StepKind {
@@ -1157,6 +1170,47 @@ impl DebugManager {
        })
    }

+    /// Completions for `text` at `line` / `column` (0-based, UTF-16) in the frame's scope; none
+    /// when the adapter doesn't offer them.
+    pub async fn completions(
+        &self,
+        s: DebugSessionId,
+        frame_id: Option<i64>,
+        text: String,
+        line: u32,
+        column: u32,
+    ) -> IdeResult<Vec<DebugCompletion>> {
+        let session = self.session(s)?;
+        if !session.supports("supportsCompletionsRequest") {
+            return Ok(Vec::new());
+        }
+        let mut args = json!({ "text": text, "line": line + 1, "column": column + 1 });
+        if let Some(f) = frame_id {
+            args["frameId"] = f.into();
+        }
+        let body = session.conn.request_timeout("completions", args, REQUEST_TIMEOUT).await?;
+        let text =
+            |v: &Value, key: &str| v.get(key).and_then(Value::as_str).filter(|t| !t.is_empty()).map(str::to_owned);
+        Ok(body
+            .get("targets")
+            .and_then(Value::as_array)
+            .map(|targets| {
+                targets
+                    .iter()
+                    .filter_map(|t| {
+                        Some(DebugCompletion {
+                            label: text(t, "label")?,
+                            text: text(t, "text"),
+                            kind: text(t, "type"),
+                            detail: text(t, "detail"),
+                            sort_text: text(t, "sortText"),
+                        })
+                    })
+                    .collect()
+            })
+            .unwrap_or_default())
+    }
+
    pub async fn resume(&self, s: DebugSessionId, thread_id: i64) -> IdeResult<()> {
        let session = self.session(s)?;
        let body = session.conn.request_timeout("continue", json!({ "threadId": thread_id }), REQUEST_TIMEOUT).await?;
@@ -73,6 +73,7 @@ async fn fake_adapter<S: AsyncRead + AsyncWrite + Unpin + Send + 'static>(stream
                msg,
                json!({
                    "supportsConfigurationDoneRequest": true,
+                    "supportsCompletionsRequest": true,
                    "supportsTerminateRequest": true,
                    "supportsSetVariable": true,
                    "supportsFunctionBreakpoints": true,
@@ -172,6 +173,14 @@ async fn fake_adapter<S: AsyncRead + AsyncWrite + Unpin + Send + 'static>(stream
                ]})
            ),
            "evaluate" => ok!(msg, json!({"result": "42", "type": "int", "variablesReference": 0})),
+            "completions" => ok!(
+                msg,
+                json!({"targets": [
+                    {"label": "getName()", "text": "getName", "type": "method", "detail": "String"},
+                    {"label": "name", "type": "field"},
+                    {"label": ""},
+                ]})
+            ),
            "continue" => {
                ok!(msg, json!({"allThreadsContinued": true}));
                send!(json!({"type": "event", "event": "exited", "body": {"exitCode": 3}}));
@@ -368,6 +377,14 @@ async fn full_protocol_flow() {
    let eval = h.request("evaluate");
    assert_eq!(eval["arguments"]["context"], "watch");
    assert_eq!(eval["arguments"]["frameId"], 10);
+    let items = h.manager.completions(id, Some(10), "req.na".into(), 0, 6).await.unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(
+        items.iter().map(|c| (c.label.as_str(), c.text.as_deref(), c.kind.as_deref())).collect::<Vec<_>>(),
+        [("getName()", Some("getName"), Some("method")), ("name", None, Some("field"))]
+    );
+    let asked = h.request("completions");
+    assert_eq!((asked["arguments"]["line"].clone(), asked["arguments"]["column"].clone()), (json!(1), json!(7)));
+    assert_eq!(asked["arguments"]["frameId"], 10);

    // Live breakpoint updates reach the session.
    let states = h.manager.set_breakpoints(path.clone(), vec![bp(0)]).await.unwrap();
@@ -906,6 +923,7 @@ fn godot_registry(port: u16, command: &str, args: &[&str]) -> Arc<LanguageRegist
        ui_mode: None,
        framework_ui_modes: Vec::new(),
        formatter: None,
+        scratch_template: None,
        tree_sitter: None,
        language_servers: vec![],
        debugger: Some(ide_language::DebuggerConfig {
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ license.workspace = true
 [dependencies]
 ide-core.workspace = true
 serde.workspace = true
-serde_json.workspace = true
+serde_json = { workspace = true, features = ["raw_value"] }
 specta.workspace = true
 toml.workspace = true
 tokio.workspace = true
@@ -21,6 +21,10 @@ bb8.workspace = true
 tokio-util = { workspace = true, features = ["compat"] }
 dirs.workspace = true
 ide-ssh.workspace = true
+ide-http.workspace = true
+reqwest = { workspace = true, features = ["query"] }
+rustls.workspace = true
+uuid.workspace = true

 [dev-dependencies]
 tokio = { workspace = true, features = ["rt-multi-thread", "macros"] }
@@ -0,0 +1,844 @@
+use crate::conn::{QueryResult, ResultColumn, Setup};
+use crate::source::{DataSource, DbSslMode, DbTxMode};
+use ide_core::{CancellationToken, IdeError, IdeResult, error::ErrorKind};
+use parking_lot::RwLock;
+use reqwest::{Client, RequestBuilder, StatusCode, Url};
+use std::sync::Arc;
+use std::time::{Duration, Instant};
+use tokio::sync::Mutex;
+
+#[derive(Clone)]
+pub struct ClickhousePool(Arc<State>);
+
+struct State {
+    client: RwLock<Option<Client>>,
+    endpoint: Url,
+    user: String,
+    password: String,
+    database: String,
+    settings: Vec<(String, String)>,
+    read_only: bool,
+    session_id: String,
+    session: Mutex<bool>,
+    closed: CancellationToken,
+}
+
+/// The response format: a names line, a types line, then one JSON array per row, so rows past
+/// the grid's limit are skipped without being parsed.
+const FORMAT: &str = "JSONCompactEachRowWithNamesAndTypes";
+
+pub(crate) fn transaction_error() -> IdeError {
+    IdeError::invalid("ClickHouse HTTP does not support SQL transactions; use auto-commit and run writes directly")
+}
+
+impl ClickhousePool {
+    pub(crate) async fn connect(source: &DataSource, password: Option<&str>, setup: Setup) -> IdeResult<Self> {
+        if source.options.transaction == DbTxMode::Manual {
+            return Err(transaction_error());
+        }
+        for (name, _) in &setup.params {
+            if reserved_setting(name) {
+                return Err(IdeError::invalid(format!("ClickHouse HTTP manages the {name} setting")));
+            }
+        }
+        let secure = matches!(source.ssl, DbSslMode::Require | DbSslMode::VerifyCa | DbSslMode::VerifyFull);
+        let tls_files = [&source.ssl_ca_file, &source.ssl_cert_file, &source.ssl_key_file];
+        if !secure && tls_files.iter().any(|p| !p.trim().is_empty()) {
+            return Err(IdeError::invalid(
+                "ClickHouse TLS certificate files require an SSL mode of Require, Verify CA, or Verify Full",
+            ));
+        }
+        let host = source.host.trim();
+        if host.is_empty() || host.contains(['/', '@', '?', '#']) {
+            return Err(IdeError::invalid("ClickHouse host must contain only a hostname or IP address"));
+        }
+        let host = if host.contains(':') && !host.starts_with('[') { format!("[{host}]") } else { host.to_owned() };
+        let scheme = if secure { "https" } else { "http" };
+        let port = source.port.unwrap_or(if secure { 8443 } else { 8123 });
+        let endpoint = Url::parse(&format!("{scheme}://{host}:{port}/"))
+            .map_err(|_| IdeError::invalid("invalid ClickHouse HTTP host or port"))?;
+        let timeout = setup.connect_timeout.unwrap_or(Duration::from_secs(30));
+        let _ = rustls::crypto::ring::default_provider().install_default();
+        let mut builder = Client::builder()
+            .connect_timeout(timeout)
+            .pool_max_idle_per_host(4)
+            .redirect(reqwest::redirect::Policy::none())
+            .user_agent(concat!("OpenIDEA/", env!("CARGO_PKG_VERSION")));
+        let ca = source.ssl_ca_file.trim();
+        if !ca.is_empty() {
+            let pem = read_pem(ca, "CA certificate")?;
+            let certificates = reqwest::Certificate::from_pem_bundle(&pem)
+                .map_err(|_| IdeError::invalid("invalid ClickHouse CA certificate PEM"))?;
+            if certificates.is_empty() {
+                return Err(IdeError::invalid("ClickHouse CA certificate PEM contains no certificates"));
+            }
+            builder = builder.tls_certs_only(certificates);
+        }
+        if source.ssl == DbSslMode::VerifyCa {
+            if ca.is_empty() {
+                return Err(IdeError::invalid("ClickHouse Verify CA requires a CA certificate file"));
+            }
+            builder = builder.tls_danger_accept_invalid_hostnames(true);
+        }
+        let cert = source.ssl_cert_file.trim();
+        let key = source.ssl_key_file.trim();
+        if cert.is_empty() != key.is_empty() {
+            return Err(IdeError::invalid("ClickHouse client TLS requires both certificate and key files"));
+        }
+        if !cert.is_empty() {
+            let mut pem = read_pem(cert, "client certificate")?;
+            pem.push(b'\n');
+            pem.extend(read_pem(key, "client key")?);
+            let identity = reqwest::Identity::from_pem(&pem)
+                .map_err(|_| IdeError::invalid("invalid ClickHouse client certificate or key PEM"))?;
+            builder = builder.identity(identity);
+        }
+        let proxy = ide_core::proxy_settings::proxy();
+        let client = ide_http::client::with_proxy(builder, &proxy).build().map_err(http_error)?;
+        let database = if source.options.default_schema.trim().is_empty() {
+            source.database.trim()
+        } else {
+            source.options.default_schema.trim()
+        };
+        let pool = Self(Arc::new(State {
+            client: RwLock::new(Some(client)),
+            endpoint,
+            user: if source.user.is_empty() { "default".into() } else { source.user.clone() },
+            password: password.unwrap_or_default().to_owned(),
+            database: if database.is_empty() { "default".into() } else { database.into() },
+            settings: setup.params,
+            read_only: source.read_only,
+            session_id: uuid::Uuid::new_v4().to_string(),
+            session: Mutex::new(false),
+            closed: CancellationToken::new(),
+        }));
+        let cancel = CancellationToken::new();
+        let initialize = async {
+            pool.execute("SELECT 1", 1, &cancel).await?;
+            for sql in setup.statements {
+                pool.execute(&sql, 0, &cancel).await?;
+            }
+            Ok(pool.clone())
+        };
+        tokio::pin!(initialize);
+        tokio::select! {
+            result = &mut initialize => {
+                if result.is_err() {
+                    pool.close();
+                }
+                result
+            },
+            () = tokio::time::sleep(timeout) => {
+                cancel.cancel();
+                let _ = initialize.await;
+                pool.close();
+                Err(IdeError::new(ErrorKind::TimedOut, "timed out connecting to ClickHouse HTTP"))
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn close(&self) {
+        self.0.closed.cancel();
+        self.0.client.write().take();
+    }
+
+    pub fn is_closed(&self) -> bool {
+        self.0.closed.is_cancelled()
+    }
+
+    fn client(&self) -> IdeResult<Client> {
+        self.0.client.read().clone().ok_or_else(|| IdeError::new(ErrorKind::Io, "ClickHouse connection is closed"))
+    }
+
+    fn request(&self, client: &Client, query_id: &str, max_rows: usize, initialized: bool) -> RequestBuilder {
+        let mut request = client
+            .post(self.0.endpoint.clone())
+            .basic_auth(&self.0.user, Some(&self.0.password))
+            .header(reqwest::header::CONTENT_TYPE, "text/plain; charset=utf-8")
+            .query(&self.0.settings)
+            .query(&[
+                ("session_id", self.0.session_id.clone()),
+                ("session_timeout", "3600".into()),
+                ("query_id", query_id.to_owned()),
+                ("default_format", FORMAT.into()),
+                ("output_format_json_quote_denormals", "1".into()),
+                ("max_result_rows", max_rows.saturating_add(1).to_string()),
+                ("result_overflow_mode", "break".into()),
+            ]);
+        if initialized {
+            request = request.query(&[("session_check", "1")]);
+        } else {
+            request = request.query(&[("database", &self.0.database)]);
+        }
+        if self.0.read_only {
+            request = request.query(&[("readonly", "1")]);
+        }
+        request
+    }
+
+    pub async fn execute(&self, sql: &str, max_rows: usize, cancel: &CancellationToken) -> IdeResult<QueryResult> {
+        if transaction_statement(sql) {
+            return Err(transaction_error());
+        }
+        let mut session = tokio::select! {
+            biased;
+            () = cancel.cancelled() => return Err(IdeError::cancelled()),
+            () = self.0.closed.cancelled() => return Err(IdeError::new(ErrorKind::Io, "ClickHouse connection is closed")),
+            session = self.0.session.lock() => session,
+        };
+        let client = self.client()?;
+        let query_id = uuid::Uuid::new_v4().to_string();
+        let request = self.request(&client, &query_id, max_rows, *session).body(sql.to_owned());
+        let started = Instant::now();
+        let fetch = async {
+            let mut response = request.send().await.map_err(http_error)?;
+            let execution_ms = started.elapsed().as_secs_f64() * 1000.0;
+            let status = response.status();
+            let header = |name: &str| response.headers().get(name).and_then(|v| v.to_str().ok()).map(str::to_owned);
+            let exception_code = header("X-ClickHouse-Exception-Code");
+            let format = header("X-ClickHouse-Format");
+            let affected = header("X-ClickHouse-Summary")
+                .and_then(|v| serde_json::from_str::<serde_json::Value>(&v).ok())
+                .and_then(|v| {
+                    v.get("written_rows")
+                        .and_then(|n| n.as_str().and_then(|n| n.parse::<u64>().ok()).or_else(|| n.as_u64()))
+                });
+            if !status.is_success() || exception_code.as_deref().is_some_and(|code| code != "0") {
+                let body = response.bytes().await.map_err(http_error)?;
+                return Err(self.server_error(status, exception_code.as_deref(), &body));
+            }
+            let (columns, rows, has_more) = if format.as_deref().is_some_and(|f| f != FORMAT) {
+                let body = response.bytes().await.map_err(http_error)?;
+                if !body.iter().all(u8::is_ascii_whitespace) {
+                    return Err(IdeError::invalid(
+                        "ClickHouse result grids need the default output format; remove the query's FORMAT clause",
+                    ));
+                }
+                (Vec::new(), Vec::new(), false)
+            } else {
+                let mut reader = RowReader::new(max_rows);
+                while let Some(chunk) = response.chunk().await.map_err(http_error)? {
+                    reader.push(&chunk)?;
+                }
+                reader.finish().map_err(|error| self.redact_error(error))?
+            };
+            let affected = if columns.is_empty() { affected.map(|n| n as f64) } else { None };
+            Ok(QueryResult {
+                statement: sql.to_owned(),
+                columns,
+                rows,
+                affected,
+                has_more,
+                elapsed_ms: started.elapsed().as_secs_f64() * 1000.0,
+                execution_ms,
+            })
+        };
+        let result = tokio::select! {
+            biased;
+            () = cancel.cancelled() => None,
+            () = self.0.closed.cancelled() => None,
+            result = fetch => Some(result),
+        };
+        match result {
+            Some(result) => {
+                if result.is_ok() {
+                    *session = true;
+                }
+                result
+            }
+            None => {
+                let killed = self.kill(&client, &query_id).await;
+                match killed {
+                    Ok(()) => Err(IdeError::cancelled()),
+                    Err(error) => Err(IdeError::new(
+                        ErrorKind::Cancelled,
+                        format!("cancelled locally; ClickHouse server cancellation failed: {}", error.message),
+                    )),
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    async fn kill(&self, client: &Client, query_id: &str) -> IdeResult<()> {
+        let response = client
+            .post(self.0.endpoint.clone())
+            .basic_auth(&self.0.user, Some(&self.0.password))
+            .timeout(Duration::from_secs(3))
+            .body(format!("KILL QUERY WHERE query_id = '{query_id}' SYNC"))
+            .send()
+            .await
+            .map_err(http_error)?;
+        let status = response.status();
+        let code = response
+            .headers()
+            .get("X-ClickHouse-Exception-Code")
+            .and_then(|value| value.to_str().ok())
+            .map(str::to_owned);
+        let body = response.bytes().await.map_err(http_error)?;
+        if status.is_success() && !code.as_deref().is_some_and(|code| code != "0") && !body.starts_with(b"Code:") {
+            Ok(())
+        } else {
+            Err(self.server_error(status, code.as_deref(), &body))
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn redact_error(&self, mut error: IdeError) -> IdeError {
+        if !self.0.password.is_empty() {
+            error.message = error.message.replace(&self.0.password, "[redacted]");
+        }
+        error
+    }
+
+    fn server_error(&self, status: StatusCode, code: Option<&str>, body: &[u8]) -> IdeError {
+        let message = String::from_utf8_lossy(body);
+        let message: String = exception_text(&message).chars().take(16_384).collect();
+        let auth = matches!(status, StatusCode::UNAUTHORIZED | StatusCode::FORBIDDEN)
+            || matches!(code, Some("193" | "194" | "195" | "516" | "497"));
+        let detail = if message.is_empty() { status.canonical_reason().unwrap_or("request failed") } else { &message };
+        let detail = if detail.contains("SESSION_NOT_FOUND") || detail.contains("Session not found") {
+            "ClickHouse HTTP session expired; reconnect to restore session settings"
+        } else {
+            detail
+        };
+        self.redact_error(IdeError::new(
+            if auth { ErrorKind::PermissionDenied } else { ErrorKind::InvalidInput },
+            format!("ClickHouse HTTP {}: {detail}", status.as_u16()),
+        ))
+    }
+}
+
+type DecodedResult = (Vec<ResultColumn>, Vec<Vec<Option<String>>>, bool);
+
+/// Decodes a streamed [`FORMAT`] body. Keeps the first `max_rows` rows; later rows only set
+/// `has_more` and are read past unparsed, so a grid limit bounds memory however large the
+/// block `result_overflow_mode=break` lets the server send. A line that is not a JSON array
+/// starts the exception ClickHouse writes when a query fails mid-stream.
+struct RowReader {
+    max_rows: usize,
+    pending: Vec<u8>,
+    names: Option<Vec<String>>,
+    types: Option<Vec<String>>,
+    rows: Vec<Vec<Option<String>>>,
+    more: bool,
+    exception: Option<String>,
+}
+
+impl RowReader {
+    fn new(max_rows: usize) -> Self {
+        Self { max_rows, pending: Vec::new(), names: None, types: None, rows: Vec::new(), more: false, exception: None }
+    }
+
+    fn push(&mut self, chunk: &[u8]) -> IdeResult<()> {
+        self.pending.extend_from_slice(chunk);
+        let buffer = std::mem::take(&mut self.pending);
+        let mut start = 0;
+        while let Some(end) = buffer[start..].iter().position(|&b| b == b'\n') {
+            self.line(&buffer[start..start + end])?;
+            start += end + 1;
+        }
+        self.pending = buffer[start..].to_vec();
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    fn line(&mut self, line: &[u8]) -> IdeResult<()> {
+        if let Some(exception) = &mut self.exception {
+            if exception.len() < 16_384 {
+                exception.push_str(&String::from_utf8_lossy(line));
+                exception.push('\n');
+            }
+            return Ok(());
+        }
+        let text = line.trim_ascii();
+        if text.is_empty() {
+            return Ok(());
+        }
+        if text[0] != b'[' {
+            self.exception = Some(format!("{}\n", String::from_utf8_lossy(line)));
+            return Ok(());
+        }
+        if self.names.is_some() && self.types.is_some() && self.rows.len() >= self.max_rows {
+            self.more = true;
+            return Ok(());
+        }
+        let Ok(values) = serde_json::from_slice::<Vec<Box<serde_json::value::RawValue>>>(text) else {
+            self.exception = Some(format!("{}\n", String::from_utf8_lossy(line)));
+            return Ok(());
+        };
+        let protocol = |message: String| IdeError::new(ErrorKind::Protocol, message);
+        let header = |values: Vec<Box<serde_json::value::RawValue>>| {
+            values
+                .iter()
+                .map(|v| serde_json::from_str::<String>(v.get()))
+                .collect::<Result<Vec<_>, _>>()
+                .map_err(|e| protocol(format!("invalid ClickHouse result header: {e}")))
+        };
+        let Some(names) = &self.names else {
+            self.names = Some(header(values)?);
+            return Ok(());
+        };
+        if self.types.is_none() {
+            self.types = Some(header(values)?);
+            return Ok(());
+        }
+        if values.len() != names.len() {
+            return Err(protocol("ClickHouse result row width does not match its metadata".into()));
+        }
+        let row = values
+            .into_iter()
+            .map(|value| {
+                let text = value.get();
+                if text == "null" {
+                    Ok(None)
+                } else if text.starts_with('"') {
+                    serde_json::from_str::<String>(text).map(Some).map_err(|e| protocol(e.to_string()))
+                } else {
+                    Ok(Some(text.to_owned()))
+                }
+            })
+            .collect::<IdeResult<_>>()?;
+        self.rows.push(row);
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    fn finish(mut self) -> IdeResult<DecodedResult> {
+        let rest = std::mem::take(&mut self.pending);
+        self.line(&rest)?;
+        if let Some(exception) = self.exception {
+            return Err(IdeError::invalid(format!("ClickHouse: {}", exception_text(&exception))));
+        }
+        let Some(names) = self.names else { return Ok((Vec::new(), Vec::new(), false)) };
+        let types = self.types.unwrap_or_default();
+        if types.len() != names.len() {
+            return Err(IdeError::new(ErrorKind::Protocol, "ClickHouse result types do not match its columns"));
+        }
+        let columns = names.into_iter().zip(types).map(|(name, type_name)| ResultColumn { name, type_name }).collect();
+        Ok((columns, self.rows, self.more))
+    }
+}
+
+/// The server's message in a failed response: rows already streamed and the
+/// `__exception__` block markers ClickHouse wraps a mid-stream error in are dropped.
+fn exception_text(body: &str) -> &str {
+    let Some(at) = body.find("Code:") else { return body.trim() };
+    let text = &body[at..];
+    match text.find("\n__exception__") {
+        // The line before the closing marker is `<length> <tag>`.
+        Some(end) => text[..end].trim_end().rsplit_once('\n').map_or(text[..end].trim(), |(message, _)| message.trim()),
+        None => text.trim(),
+    }
+}
+
+fn http_error(error: reqwest::Error) -> IdeError {
+    use std::error::Error;
+    let kind = if error.is_timeout() { ErrorKind::TimedOut } else { ErrorKind::Io };
+    let error = error.without_url();
+    let mut message = error.to_string();
+    let mut source = error.source();
+    while let Some(error) = source {
+        let detail = error.to_string();
+        if !message.contains(&detail) {
+            message.push_str(": ");
+            message.push_str(&detail);
+        }
+        source = error.source();
+    }
+    IdeError::new(kind, format!("ClickHouse HTTP: {message}"))
+}
+
+fn read_pem(path: &str, label: &str) -> IdeResult<Vec<u8>> {
+    std::fs::read(ide_ssh::expand(path))
+        .map_err(|error| IdeError::new(ErrorKind::Io, format!("cannot read ClickHouse {label}: {error}")))
+}
+
+fn reserved_setting(name: &str) -> bool {
+    let name = name.to_ascii_lowercase();
+    name.starts_with("output_format_json_")
+        || matches!(
+            name.as_str(),
+            "user"
+                | "password"
+                | "query"
+                | "database"
+                | "session_id"
+                | "session_check"
+                | "session_timeout"
+                | "query_id"
+                | "default_format"
+                | "max_result_rows"
+                | "result_overflow_mode"
+                | "readonly"
+        )
+}
+
+fn transaction_statement(sql: &str) -> bool {
+    let mut sql = sql.trim_start();
+    loop {
+        if let Some(rest) = sql.strip_prefix("--").or_else(|| sql.strip_prefix('#')) {
+            sql = rest.split_once('\n').map_or("", |(_, rest)| rest).trim_start();
+        } else if let Some(rest) = sql.strip_prefix("/*") {
+            sql = rest.split_once("*/").map_or("", |(_, rest)| rest).trim_start();
+        } else {
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+    let mut words = sql.split(|c: char| !c.is_ascii_alphanumeric() && c != '_').filter(|s| !s.is_empty());
+    let first = words.next().unwrap_or_default();
+    ["BEGIN", "COMMIT", "ROLLBACK", "SAVEPOINT", "RELEASE"].iter().any(|s| first.eq_ignore_ascii_case(s))
+        || (first.eq_ignore_ascii_case("START") && words.next().is_some_and(|s| s.eq_ignore_ascii_case("TRANSACTION")))
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+    use crate::conn::Pool;
+    use crate::source::{DbDriver, DbOptions, DbProperty};
+    use tokio::io::{AsyncReadExt, AsyncWriteExt};
+
+    const ONE: &str = "[\"1\"]\n[\"UInt8\"]\n[1]\n";
+
+    async fn read_request(stream: &mut tokio::net::TcpStream) -> String {
+        let mut bytes = Vec::new();
+        let mut buffer = [0; 4096];
+        loop {
+            let count = tokio::time::timeout(Duration::from_secs(5), stream.read(&mut buffer)).await.unwrap().unwrap();
+            assert!(count > 0, "request ended early");
+            bytes.extend_from_slice(&buffer[..count]);
+            if let Some(end) = bytes.windows(4).position(|s| s == b"\r\n\r\n") {
+                let header = String::from_utf8_lossy(&bytes[..end]);
+                let length: usize = header
+                    .lines()
+                    .find_map(|line| {
+                        line.to_ascii_lowercase().strip_prefix("content-length:").map(|v| v.trim().parse().unwrap())
+                    })
+                    .unwrap_or(0);
+                if bytes.len() >= end + 4 + length {
+                    return String::from_utf8(bytes).unwrap();
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    async fn reply(stream: &mut tokio::net::TcpStream, status: &str, headers: &str, body: &str) {
+        let response =
+            format!("HTTP/1.1 {status}\r\nContent-Length: {}\r\nConnection: close\r\n{headers}\r\n{body}", body.len());
+        stream.write_all(response.as_bytes()).await.unwrap();
+    }
+
+    async fn server(
+        responses: Vec<(&'static str, &'static str, &'static str)>,
+    ) -> (u16, tokio::task::JoinHandle<Vec<String>>) {
+        let listener = tokio::net::TcpListener::bind("127.0.0.1:0").await.unwrap();
+        let port = listener.local_addr().unwrap().port();
+        let task = tokio::spawn(async move {
+            let mut requests = Vec::new();
+            for (status, headers, body) in responses {
+                let (mut stream, _) =
+                    tokio::time::timeout(Duration::from_secs(5), listener.accept()).await.unwrap().unwrap();
+                requests.push(read_request(&mut stream).await);
+                reply(&mut stream, status, headers, body).await;
+            }
+            requests
+        });
+        (port, task)
+    }
+
+    fn source(port: u16) -> DataSource {
+        DataSource { driver: DbDriver::Clickhouse, host: "127.0.0.1".into(), port: Some(port), ..Default::default() }
+    }
+
+    fn decode(body: &[u8], max_rows: usize, chunk: usize) -> IdeResult<DecodedResult> {
+        let mut reader = RowReader::new(max_rows);
+        for part in body.chunks(chunk) {
+            reader.push(part)?;
+        }
+        reader.finish()
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn rows_preserve_precision_nulls_and_strings_across_chunks() {
+        let body = concat!(
+            r#"["n", "d", "v", "v", "v"]"#,
+            "\n",
+            r#"["UInt64", "Decimal(38, 9)", "Nullable(String)", "Nullable(String)", "Nullable(String)"]"#,
+            "\n",
+            r#"[18446744073709551615, 12345678901234567890.123456789, null, "null", "ᴺᵁᴸᴸ"]"#,
+        );
+        for chunk in [1, 7, body.len()] {
+            let (columns, rows, more) = decode(body.as_bytes(), 1, chunk).unwrap();
+            assert_eq!(columns.len(), 5);
+            assert_eq!(columns[1].type_name, "Decimal(38, 9)");
+            assert_eq!(
+                rows[0],
+                vec![
+                    Some("18446744073709551615".into()),
+                    Some("12345678901234567890.123456789".into()),
+                    None,
+                    Some("null".into()),
+                    Some("ᴺᵁᴸᴸ".into()),
+                ]
+            );
+            assert!(!more);
+        }
+        let (columns, rows, more) = decode(b"[\"x\"]\n[\"String\"]\n", 0, 64).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(columns[0].name, "x");
+        assert!(rows.is_empty() && !more);
+        assert_eq!(decode(b"", 5, 64).unwrap().0.len(), 0);
+        assert!(decode(b"[\"x\"]\n[\"UInt8\"]\n[1, 2]\n", 1, 64).is_err());
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn rows_past_the_limit_are_skipped_but_a_later_exception_still_fails() {
+        let mut body = String::from("[\"n\"]\n[\"UInt64\"]\n");
+        for n in 0..1000 {
+            body.push_str(&format!("[{n}]\n"));
+        }
+        let (_, rows, more) = decode(body.as_bytes(), 2, 4096).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(rows, vec![vec![Some("0".into())], vec![Some("1".into())]]);
+        assert!(more);
+        body.push_str("\n__exception__\nabcdefgh\nCode: 395. DB::Exception: Value passed to 'throwIf' is non-zero\n");
+        body.push_str("62 abcdefgh\n__exception__\n");
+        let error = decode(body.as_bytes(), 2, 4096).unwrap_err();
+        assert_eq!(error.message, "ClickHouse: Code: 395. DB::Exception: Value passed to 'throwIf' is non-zero");
+        let multiline = "Code: 62. DB::Exception: Syntax error\nat line 2";
+        assert_eq!(exception_text(multiline), multiline);
+    }
+
+    #[tokio::test]
+    async fn http_requests_use_auth_settings_limits_and_a_shared_session() {
+        let (port, requests) = server(vec![
+            ("200 OK", "X-ClickHouse-Format: JSONCompactEachRowWithNamesAndTypes\r\n", ONE),
+            ("200 OK", "", ""),
+            (
+                "200 OK",
+                "X-ClickHouse-Format: JSONCompactEachRowWithNamesAndTypes\r\n",
+                "[\"n\"]\n[\"UInt64\"]\n[\"1\"]\n[\"2\"]\n[\"3\"]\n",
+            ),
+        ])
+        .await;
+        let source = DataSource {
+            user: "reader".into(),
+            read_only: true,
+            options: DbOptions { default_schema: "analytics".into(), time_zone: "UTC".into(), ..Default::default() },
+            properties: vec![DbProperty { name: "max_threads".into(), value: "2".into() }],
+            ..source(port)
+        };
+        let pool = Pool::connect(&source, Some("mock-password"), None).await.unwrap();
+        pool.execute("USE other", 0, &CancellationToken::new()).await.unwrap();
+        let result = pool.execute("SELECT number FROM numbers(3)", 1, &CancellationToken::new()).await.unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(result.rows, vec![vec![Some("1".into())]]);
+        assert!(result.has_more && result.affected.is_none());
+        let requests = requests.await.unwrap();
+        let target = |request: &String| {
+            Url::parse(&format!(
+                "http://localhost{}",
+                request.lines().next().unwrap().split_whitespace().nth(1).unwrap()
+            ))
+            .unwrap()
+        };
+        let urls: Vec<_> = requests.iter().map(target).collect();
+        let value = |url: &Url, key: &str| url.query_pairs().find(|(k, _)| k == key).map(|(_, v)| v.into_owned());
+        assert_eq!(value(&urls[0], "database").as_deref(), Some("analytics"));
+        assert_eq!(value(&urls[1], "database"), None);
+        assert_eq!(value(&urls[1], "session_check").as_deref(), Some("1"));
+        assert_eq!(value(&urls[0], "session_id"), value(&urls[2], "session_id"));
+        assert_ne!(value(&urls[0], "query_id"), value(&urls[2], "query_id"));
+        assert_eq!(value(&urls[2], "max_result_rows").as_deref(), Some("2"));
+        for (request, url) in requests.iter().zip(&urls) {
+            assert!(request.starts_with("POST /?"));
+            assert!(request.contains("Basic cmVhZGVyOm1vY2stcGFzc3dvcmQ="));
+            assert!(!url.as_str().contains("reader") && !url.as_str().contains("mock-password"));
+            assert_eq!(value(url, "readonly").as_deref(), Some("1"));
+            assert_eq!(value(url, "session_timezone").as_deref(), Some("UTC"));
+            assert_eq!(value(url, "max_threads").as_deref(), Some("2"));
+        }
+        assert!(requests[0].ends_with("SELECT 1"));
+        assert!(pool.transaction(&[]).await.is_err());
+        let cancel = CancellationToken::new();
+        cancel.cancel();
+        assert_eq!(pool.execute("SELECT 1", 1, &cancel).await.unwrap_err().kind, ErrorKind::Cancelled);
+        pool.close().await;
+        assert!(pool.is_closed());
+        assert!(pool.execute("SELECT 1", 1, &CancellationToken::new()).await.is_err());
+    }
+
+    #[tokio::test]
+    async fn sequential_queries_reuse_the_http_connection() {
+        let listener = tokio::net::TcpListener::bind("127.0.0.1:0").await.unwrap();
+        let port = listener.local_addr().unwrap().port();
+        let task = tokio::spawn(async move {
+            let (mut stream, _) = listener.accept().await.unwrap();
+            for _ in 0..2 {
+                read_request(&mut stream).await;
+                let response = format!("HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\nContent-Length: {}\r\n\r\n{ONE}", ONE.len());
+                stream.write_all(response.as_bytes()).await.unwrap();
+            }
+        });
+        let pool = Pool::connect(&source(port), None, None).await.unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(
+            pool.execute("SELECT 1", 1, &CancellationToken::new()).await.unwrap().rows,
+            vec![vec![Some("1".into())]]
+        );
+        task.await.unwrap();
+    }
+
+    #[tokio::test]
+    async fn server_errors_keep_details_and_hide_passwords() {
+        let (port, requests) = server(vec![(
+            "403 Forbidden",
+            "X-ClickHouse-Exception-Code: 516\r\n",
+            "Code: 516. DB::Exception: bad mock-password",
+        )])
+        .await;
+        let error = match Pool::connect(&source(port), Some("mock-password"), None).await {
+            Ok(_) => panic!("expected login failure"),
+            Err(error) => error,
+        };
+        assert_eq!(error.kind, ErrorKind::PermissionDenied);
+        assert!(error.message.contains("516") && error.message.contains("[redacted]"));
+        assert!(!error.message.contains("mock-password"));
+        requests.await.unwrap();
+        let (port, requests) = server(vec![("200 OK", "", "Code: 241. DB::Exception: memory limit")]).await;
+        let error = match Pool::connect(&source(port), None, None).await {
+            Ok(_) => panic!("expected late query failure"),
+            Err(error) => error,
+        };
+        assert!(error.message.contains("memory limit"));
+        requests.await.unwrap();
+        let (port, requests) = server(vec![(
+            "500 Internal Server Error",
+            "X-ClickHouse-Exception-Code: 395\r\n",
+            "[\"1\"]\n[\"UInt8\"]\n[1]\n\n__exception__\ntag\nCode: 395. DB::Exception: thrown\n32 tag\n__exception__\n",
+        )])
+        .await;
+        let error = match Pool::connect(&source(port), None, None).await {
+            Ok(_) => panic!("expected mid-stream failure"),
+            Err(error) => error,
+        };
+        assert_eq!(error.message, "ClickHouse HTTP 500: Code: 395. DB::Exception: thrown");
+        requests.await.unwrap();
+    }
+
+    #[tokio::test]
+    async fn cancellation_sends_kill_outside_the_busy_session() {
+        let listener = tokio::net::TcpListener::bind("127.0.0.1:0").await.unwrap();
+        let port = listener.local_addr().unwrap().port();
+        let (started, received) = tokio::sync::oneshot::channel();
+        let server = tokio::spawn(async move {
+            let (mut health, _) = listener.accept().await.unwrap();
+            read_request(&mut health).await;
+            reply(&mut health, "200 OK", "", ONE).await;
+            drop(health);
+            let (mut query, _) = listener.accept().await.unwrap();
+            let request = read_request(&mut query).await;
+            started.send(()).unwrap();
+            let (mut kill, _) = tokio::time::timeout(Duration::from_secs(5), listener.accept()).await.unwrap().unwrap();
+            let kill_request = read_request(&mut kill).await;
+            reply(&mut kill, "200 OK", "", "").await;
+            (request, kill_request)
+        });
+        let pool = Pool::connect(&source(port), None, None).await.unwrap();
+        let cancel = CancellationToken::new();
+        let query = pool.execute("SELECT sleep(30)", 1, &cancel);
+        let cancelled = async {
+            received.await.unwrap();
+            cancel.cancel();
+        };
+        let (result, ()) = tokio::join!(query, cancelled);
+        assert_eq!(result.unwrap_err().kind, ErrorKind::Cancelled);
+        let (query, kill) = server.await.unwrap();
+        let target = query.lines().next().unwrap().split_whitespace().nth(1).unwrap();
+        let url = Url::parse(&format!("http://localhost{target}")).unwrap();
+        let query_id = url.query_pairs().find(|(k, _)| k == "query_id").unwrap().1.into_owned();
+        assert!(kill.ends_with(&format!("KILL QUERY WHERE query_id = '{query_id}' SYNC")));
+        assert!(!kill.contains("session_id="));
+    }
+
+    #[tokio::test]
+    async fn unsupported_settings_and_transactions_fail_before_connecting() {
+        for statement in ["BEGIN", "-- comment\n COMMIT", "/* comment */ ROLLBACK", "START TRANSACTION", "SAVEPOINT s"]
+        {
+            assert!(transaction_statement(statement));
+        }
+        assert!(!transaction_statement("SELECT 'BEGIN'"));
+        let sources = [
+            DataSource { options: DbOptions { transaction: DbTxMode::Manual, ..Default::default() }, ..source(1) },
+            DataSource {
+                properties: vec![DbProperty { name: "statement_cache_capacity".into(), value: "4".into() }],
+                ..source(1)
+            },
+            DataSource { properties: vec![DbProperty { name: "password".into(), value: "x".into() }], ..source(1) },
+            DataSource { ssl_ca_file: "unused.pem".into(), ..source(1) },
+            DataSource { ssl: DbSslMode::VerifyCa, ..source(1) },
+            DataSource { ssl: DbSslMode::Require, ssl_cert_file: "unused.pem".into(), ..source(1) },
+        ];
+        for source in sources {
+            let error = match Pool::connect(&source, None, None).await {
+                Ok(_) => panic!("unsupported settings were accepted"),
+                Err(error) => error,
+            };
+            assert_eq!(error.kind, ErrorKind::InvalidInput);
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[tokio::test]
+    #[ignore = "requires CLICKHOUSE_TEST_HOST, CLICKHOUSE_TEST_USER, and CLICKHOUSE_TEST_PASSWORD"]
+    async fn clickhouse_cloud_transport() {
+        let source = DataSource {
+            driver: DbDriver::Clickhouse,
+            host: std::env::var("CLICKHOUSE_TEST_HOST").expect("CLICKHOUSE_TEST_HOST"),
+            port: Some(std::env::var("CLICKHOUSE_TEST_PORT").ok().and_then(|v| v.parse().ok()).unwrap_or(8443)),
+            user: std::env::var("CLICKHOUSE_TEST_USER").expect("CLICKHOUSE_TEST_USER"),
+            ssl: DbSslMode::Require,
+            options: DbOptions {
+                time_zone: "UTC".into(),
+                startup_script: "SET max_threads = 2".into(),
+                ..Default::default()
+            },
+            properties: vec![DbProperty { name: "max_block_size".into(), value: "50".into() }],
+            ..Default::default()
+        };
+        let password = std::env::var("CLICKHOUSE_TEST_PASSWORD").expect("CLICKHOUSE_TEST_PASSWORD");
+        let pool = Pool::connect(&source, Some(&password), None).await.unwrap();
+        let cancel = CancellationToken::new();
+        let settings = pool
+            .execute("SELECT getSetting('max_threads'), getSetting('max_block_size'), timezone()", 1, &cancel)
+            .await
+            .unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(settings.rows, vec![vec![Some("2".into()), Some("50".into()), Some("UTC".into())]]);
+        let result = pool.execute("SELECT toUInt64('18446744073709551615') AS n, CAST(NULL AS Nullable(String)) AS missing, CAST('ᴺᵁᴸᴸ' AS Nullable(String)) AS text, 'a\\nb' AS lines", 1, &cancel).await.unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(
+            result.rows,
+            vec![vec![Some("18446744073709551615".into()), None, Some("ᴺᵁᴸᴸ".into()), Some("a\nb".into())]]
+        );
+        assert_eq!(result.columns[1].type_name, "Nullable(String)");
+        let limited = pool.execute("SELECT number FROM numbers(100)", 2, &cancel).await.unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(limited.rows.len(), 2);
+        assert!(limited.has_more);
+        let marker = format!("transport_cancel_{}", uuid::Uuid::new_v4().simple());
+        let sql = format!("SELECT sleepEachRow(0.05) FROM numbers(50) /* {marker} */");
+        let stop = CancellationToken::new();
+        let query = pool.execute(&sql, 1, &stop);
+        let cancel_query = async {
+            tokio::time::sleep(Duration::from_millis(500)).await;
+            stop.cancel();
+        };
+        let (cancelled, ()) = tokio::join!(query, cancel_query);
+        let cancelled = cancelled.unwrap_err();
+        assert_eq!(cancelled.kind, ErrorKind::Cancelled);
+        assert_eq!(cancelled.message, "cancelled");
+        let active = pool.execute(&format!("SELECT count() FROM system.processes WHERE position(query, '{marker}') > 0 AND query_id != currentQueryID()"), 1, &cancel).await.unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(active.rows, vec![vec![Some("0".into())]]);
+        let table = format!("transport_test_{}", uuid::Uuid::new_v4().simple());
+        pool.execute(&format!("CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE {table} (n UInt8)"), 0, &cancel).await.unwrap();
+        let continuity = async {
+            pool.execute(&format!("INSERT INTO {table} VALUES (7)"), 0, &cancel).await?;
+            pool.execute(&format!("SELECT n FROM {table}"), 1, &cancel).await
+        }
+        .await;
+        let cleanup = pool.execute(&format!("DROP TEMPORARY TABLE {table}"), 0, &cancel).await;
+        assert_eq!(continuity.unwrap().rows, vec![vec![Some("7".into())]]);
+        cleanup.unwrap();
+        pool.close().await;
+        assert!(pool.is_closed());
+    }
+}
@@ -106,6 +106,7 @@ pub enum Pool {
    Postgres(PgPool),
    Mysql(MySqlPool),
    SqlServer(Bb8Pool<MssqlConnectionManager>),
+    Clickhouse(crate::clickhouse::ClickhousePool),
 }

 /// Runs `$body` with `$p` bound to the concrete pool of each driver.
@@ -115,7 +116,7 @@ macro_rules! with_pool {
            Pool::Sqlite($p) => $body,
            Pool::Postgres($p) => $body,
            Pool::Mysql($p) => $body,
-            Pool::SqlServer(_) => unreachable!(),
+            Pool::SqlServer(_) | Pool::Clickhouse(_) => unreachable!(),
        }
    };
 }
@@ -503,6 +504,9 @@ impl Setup {
                value.parse::<u64>().map_err(|_| IdeError::invalid(format!("{what} must be a whole number: {value}")))
            };
            match (source.driver, name.to_ascii_lowercase().as_str()) {
+                (DbDriver::Clickhouse, "statement_cache_capacity") => {
+                    return Err(IdeError::invalid("ClickHouse HTTP does not support statement caching"));
+                }
                (_, "statement_cache_capacity") => s.statement_cache = Some(number(&name)? as usize),
                (_, "connect_timeout") => s.connect_timeout = Some(Duration::from_secs(number(&name)?)),
                (DbDriver::Postgres, "application_name") => s.application_name = Some(value.to_owned()),
@@ -512,6 +516,9 @@ impl Setup {
                _ => s.params.push((name, value.to_owned())),
            }
        }
+        if source.driver == DbDriver::Clickhouse && !o.time_zone.trim().is_empty() {
+            s.params.push(("session_timezone".into(), o.time_zone.trim().into()));
+        }
        let script = o.startup_script.trim();
        if !script.is_empty() {
            s.statements.extend(crate::split::split(script, source.driver).into_iter().map(|st| st.text));
@@ -527,6 +534,7 @@ impl Pool {
            Pool::Postgres(_) => DbDriver::Postgres,
            Pool::Mysql(_) => DbDriver::Mysql,
            Pool::SqlServer(_) => DbDriver::SqlServer,
+            Pool::Clickhouse(_) => DbDriver::Clickhouse,
        }
    }

@@ -534,6 +542,9 @@ impl Pool {
    pub async fn connect(source: &DataSource, password: Option<&str>, root: Option<&Path>) -> IdeResult<Self> {
        const MAX: u32 = 4;
        let setup = Setup::of(source)?;
+        if source.driver == DbDriver::Clickhouse {
+            return crate::clickhouse::ClickhousePool::connect(source, password, setup).await.map(Pool::Clickhouse);
+        }
        let timeout = setup.connect_timeout.unwrap_or(Duration::from_secs(30));
        let init = Arc::new(setup.statements);
        // Runs the session statements (startup script…) on every new connection.
@@ -695,12 +706,14 @@ impl Pool {
                conn.query("SELECT 1", &[]).await.map_err(mssql_err)?.into_results().await.map_err(mssql_err)?;
                Ok(Pool::SqlServer(pool))
            }
+            DbDriver::Clickhouse => unreachable!(),
        }
    }

    pub async fn close(&self) {
        match self {
            Pool::SqlServer(_) => {}
+            Pool::Clickhouse(p) => p.close(),
            _ => with_pool!(self, p => p.close().await),
        }
    }
@@ -708,12 +721,16 @@ impl Pool {
    pub fn is_closed(&self) -> bool {
        match self {
            Pool::SqlServer(_) => false,
+            Pool::Clickhouse(p) => p.is_closed(),
            _ => with_pool!(self, p => p.is_closed()),
        }
    }

    /// Runs `sql` (no row limit beyond `max`), for introspection: cells are text (see [`Cells::Text`]).
    pub async fn rows(&self, sql: &str, max: usize) -> IdeResult<Vec<Vec<Option<String>>>> {
+        if let Pool::Clickhouse(p) = self {
+            return Ok(p.execute(sql, max, &CancellationToken::new()).await?.rows);
+        }
        let fetched: IdeResult<Fetched> = match self {
            Pool::SqlServer(p) => {
                let mut conn = p.get_owned().await.map_err(mssql_pool_err)?;
@@ -727,6 +744,9 @@ impl Pool {
    /// Runs one statement and keeps at most `max_rows` rows. Cancelling stops
    /// the statement on the server (PostgreSQL, MySQL) and drops the connection.
    pub async fn execute(&self, sql: &str, max_rows: usize, cancel: &CancellationToken) -> IdeResult<QueryResult> {
+        if let Pool::Clickhouse(p) = self {
+            return p.execute(sql, max_rows, cancel).await;
+        }
        let mut conn = Held::acquire(self).await?;
        let r = conn.execute(self, sql, max_rows, cancel).await;
        if cancel.is_cancelled() {
@@ -740,6 +760,7 @@ impl Pool {
    /// row when flagged (table editor submits).
    pub async fn transaction(&self, statements: &[(String, bool)]) -> IdeResult<u64> {
        match self {
+            Pool::Clickhouse(_) => Err(crate::clickhouse::transaction_error()),
            Pool::SqlServer(p) => {
                let mut conn = p.get_owned().await.map_err(mssql_pool_err)?;
                let result = async {
@@ -790,6 +811,7 @@ pub enum Held {
    Postgres(PoolConnection<Postgres>),
    Mysql(PoolConnection<MySql>),
    SqlServer(Box<bb8::PooledConnection<'static, MssqlConnectionManager>>),
+    Clickhouse(crate::clickhouse::ClickhousePool),
 }

 impl Held {
@@ -799,6 +821,12 @@ impl Held {
            Pool::Postgres(p) => Held::Postgres(p.acquire().await.map_err(db_err)?),
            Pool::Mysql(p) => Held::Mysql(p.acquire().await.map_err(db_err)?),
            Pool::SqlServer(p) => Held::SqlServer(Box::new(p.get_owned().await.map_err(mssql_pool_err)?)),
+            Pool::Clickhouse(p) => {
+                if p.is_closed() {
+                    return Err(IdeError::new(ErrorKind::Io, "ClickHouse connection is closed"));
+                }
+                Held::Clickhouse(p.clone())
+            }
        })
    }

@@ -806,13 +834,14 @@ impl Held {
    pub async fn command(&mut self, sql: &str) -> IdeResult<()> {
        match self {
            Held::SqlServer(c) => mssql_command(c, sql).await,
+            Held::Clickhouse(_) => Err(crate::clickhouse::transaction_error()),
            other => {
                let sql = sqlx::AssertSqlSafe(sql.to_owned());
                match other {
                    Held::Sqlite(c) => sqlx::raw_sql(sql).execute(&mut **c).await.map(drop),
                    Held::Postgres(c) => sqlx::raw_sql(sql).execute(&mut **c).await.map(drop),
                    Held::Mysql(c) => sqlx::raw_sql(sql).execute(&mut **c).await.map(drop),
-                    Held::SqlServer(_) => unreachable!(),
+                    Held::SqlServer(_) | Held::Clickhouse(_) => unreachable!(),
                }
                .map_err(db_err)
            }
@@ -833,6 +862,7 @@ impl Held {
            Held::SqlServer(mut c) => {
                c.0.take();
            }
+            Held::Clickhouse(_) => {}
        }
    }

@@ -845,6 +875,9 @@ impl Held {
        max_rows: usize,
        cancel: &CancellationToken,
    ) -> IdeResult<QueryResult> {
+        if let Held::Clickhouse(c) = self {
+            return c.execute(sql, max_rows, cancel).await;
+        }
        let started = Instant::now();
        // `$id`: the query naming the server process, `$kill`: how another connection stops it.
        macro_rules! run {
@@ -887,6 +920,7 @@ impl Held {
                    () = cancel.cancelled() => return Err(IdeError::cancelled()),
                }
            }
+            Held::Clickhouse(_) => unreachable!(),
        };
        let (columns, rows, affected, has_more, first) = fetched;
        let elapsed_ms = started.elapsed().as_secs_f64() * 1000.0;
@@ -907,7 +941,7 @@ pub fn begin_statement(driver: DbDriver) -> &'static str {
    match driver {
        DbDriver::Mysql => "START TRANSACTION",
        DbDriver::SqlServer => "BEGIN TRAN",
-        DbDriver::Sqlite | DbDriver::Postgres => "BEGIN",
+        DbDriver::Sqlite | DbDriver::Postgres | DbDriver::Clickhouse => "BEGIN",
    }
 }

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 //! execution ([`conn`]), introspection, table data paging / editing ([`sql`])
 //! and statement splitting ([`split`]), for SQLite, PostgreSQL and MySQL/MariaDB.

+mod clickhouse;
 pub mod conn;
 pub mod history;
 pub mod plan;
@@ -547,12 +548,14 @@ impl DbManager {
        })?;
        let version = match source.driver {
            DbDriver::Sqlite => "SELECT 'SQLite ' || sqlite_version()",
-            DbDriver::Postgres => "SELECT version()",
+            DbDriver::Postgres | DbDriver::Clickhouse => "SELECT version()",
            DbDriver::Mysql => "SELECT CONCAT(@@version_comment, ' ', VERSION())",
            DbDriver::SqlServer => "SELECT @@VERSION",
        };
-        let v = pool.rows(version, 1).await.ok().and_then(|r| r.into_iter().next()?.into_iter().next()?);
+        let result = pool.rows(version, 1).await;
        pool.close().await;
+        let rows = if source.driver == DbDriver::Clickhouse { result? } else { result.unwrap_or_default() };
+        let v = rows.into_iter().next().and_then(|r| r.into_iter().next().flatten());
        Ok(v.unwrap_or_else(|| "Connected".into()))
    }

@@ -701,8 +704,11 @@ impl DbManager {
                _ => indexes.push(IndexInfo { name, unique: flag(&unique), columns: vec![col] }),
            }
        }
-        let fk_rows =
-            pool.rows(&sql::table_foreign_keys(driver, schema, table), MAX_META_ROWS).await.unwrap_or_default();
+        let fk_rows = if driver == DbDriver::Clickhouse {
+            Vec::new()
+        } else {
+            pool.rows(&sql::table_foreign_keys(driver, schema, table), MAX_META_ROWS).await.unwrap_or_default()
+        };
        let mut foreign_keys = group_foreign_keys(fk_rows, &[]);
        // SQLite keys that reference the primary key implicitly: look it up.
        for k in foreign_keys.iter_mut().filter(|k| k.ref_columns.is_empty()) {
@@ -715,13 +721,15 @@ impl DbManager {
                .collect();
        }
        foreign_keys.retain(|k| k.columns.len() == k.ref_columns.len());
-        let triggers = pool
-            .rows(&sql::triggers(driver, schema, table), MAX_META_ROWS)
-            .await
-            .unwrap_or_else(|e| {
+        let trigger_rows = if driver == DbDriver::Clickhouse {
+            Vec::new()
+        } else {
+            pool.rows(&sql::triggers(driver, schema, table), MAX_META_ROWS).await.unwrap_or_else(|e| {
                tracing::warn!("triggers: {}", e.message);
                Vec::new()
            })
+        };
+        let triggers = trigger_rows
            .into_iter()
            .filter_map(|r| {
                let mut it = r.into_iter();
@@ -822,6 +830,11 @@ impl DbManager {
                let ddl = cells(pool.rows(&q, 1).await?, 1).into_iter().next();
                ddl.map(|d| format!("{d};\n")).ok_or_else(missing)
            }
+            DbDriver::Clickhouse => {
+                let q = format!("SHOW CREATE TABLE {}", sql::qualified(driver, schema, name));
+                let ddl = cells(pool.rows(&q, 1).await?, 0).into_iter().next();
+                ddl.map(|d| format!("{};\n", d.trim_end().trim_end_matches(';'))).ok_or_else(missing)
+            }
            DbDriver::SqlServer => {
                let obj = format!("{}.{}", schema, name).replace('\'', "''");
                let ddl = cells(pool.rows(&format!("SELECT OBJECT_DEFINITION(OBJECT_ID('{}'))", obj), 1).await?, 0)
@@ -902,10 +915,14 @@ impl DbManager {
            }
        }
        // Foreign keys are a nicety (JOIN completion): a server that refuses the catalog query still completes.
-        let fk_rows = pool.rows(sql::foreign_keys(driver), MAX_META_ROWS).await.unwrap_or_else(|e| {
-            tracing::warn!("foreign keys: {}", e.message);
+        let fk_rows = if driver == DbDriver::Clickhouse {
            Vec::new()
-        });
+        } else {
+            pool.rows(sql::foreign_keys(driver), MAX_META_ROWS).await.unwrap_or_else(|e| {
+                tracing::warn!("foreign keys: {}", e.message);
+                Vec::new()
+            })
+        };
        let foreign_keys = group_foreign_keys(fk_rows, &tables);
        let default_schema = match sql::current_schema(driver) {
            None => "main".to_owned(),
@@ -980,6 +997,9 @@ impl DbManager {
        let Some(session) = session else {
            return pool.execute(statement, max_rows, cancel).await;
        };
+        if pool.driver() == DbDriver::Clickhouse {
+            return Err(IdeError::invalid("ClickHouse manual transactions are unsupported"));
+        }
        let mut held = session.lock().await;
        if held.is_none() {
            let mut conn = Held::acquire(&pool).await?;
@@ -998,8 +1018,11 @@ impl DbManager {

    /// Switches `id` between auto-commit and manual commit. Leaving manual
    /// mode rolls back what was not committed.
-    pub async fn set_manual_commit(&self, id: &str, manual: bool) {
+    pub async fn set_manual_commit(&self, id: &str, manual: bool) -> IdeResult<()> {
        if manual {
+            if self.source(id)?.driver == DbDriver::Clickhouse {
+                return Err(IdeError::invalid("ClickHouse manual transactions are unsupported"));
+            }
            self.sessions.lock().entry(id.to_owned()).or_default();
        } else {
            let session = self.sessions.lock().remove(id);
@@ -1007,10 +1030,14 @@ impl DbManager {
                end_session(&s).await;
            }
        }
+        Ok(())
    }

    /// Commits (or rolls back) the open transaction of a manual-commit data source.
    pub async fn finish_transaction(&self, id: &str, commit: bool) -> IdeResult<()> {
+        if self.source(id).is_ok_and(|s| s.driver == DbDriver::Clickhouse) {
+            return Err(IdeError::invalid("ClickHouse manual transactions are unsupported"));
+        }
        let session = self.sessions.lock().get(id).cloned();
        let Some(session) = session else { return Ok(()) };
        let mut held = session.lock().await;
@@ -1052,6 +1079,9 @@ impl DbManager {

    /// Applies the table editor's pending changes in one transaction.
    pub async fn apply_edits(&self, id: &str, schema: &str, table: &str, edits: &[DbRowEdit]) -> IdeResult<u64> {
+        if self.source(id)?.driver == DbDriver::Clickhouse {
+            return Err(IdeError::invalid("ClickHouse table editing is unsupported"));
+        }
        let pool = self.pool(id).await?;
        let driver = pool.driver();
        let statements = edits
@@ -1064,3 +1094,37 @@ impl DbManager {
        pool.transaction(&statements).await
    }
 }
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+
+    #[tokio::test]
+    async fn clickhouse_rejects_manual_transactions_and_table_edits_without_connecting() {
+        let tmp = tempfile::tempdir().unwrap();
+        let root = tmp.path().to_path_buf();
+        let ssh = Arc::new(SshManager::new(root.join("ssh-passwords.json")));
+        let db = DbManager::new(root.clone(), root.join("passwords.json"), root.join("history.json"), ssh);
+        db.save_sources(vec![DataSource {
+            id: "clickhouse".into(),
+            name: "clickhouse".into(),
+            driver: DbDriver::Clickhouse,
+            host: "127.0.0.1".into(),
+            port: Some(1),
+            ..Default::default()
+        }])
+        .await
+        .unwrap();
+        let error = db.set_manual_commit("clickhouse", true).await.unwrap_err();
+        assert!(error.message.contains("manual transactions are unsupported"));
+        assert!(db.sessions.lock().is_empty());
+        for commit in [false, true] {
+            let error = db.finish_transaction("clickhouse", commit).await.unwrap_err();
+            assert!(error.message.contains("manual transactions are unsupported"));
+        }
+        let error = db.apply_edits("clickhouse", "default", "events", &[]).await.unwrap_err();
+        assert!(error.message.contains("table editing is unsupported"));
+        assert!(!db.is_connected("clickhouse"));
+        db.set_manual_commit("clickhouse", false).await.unwrap();
+    }
+}
@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@ pub fn explain_statement(driver: DbDriver, statement: &str) -> String {
    match driver {
        DbDriver::Sqlite => format!("EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN {s}"),
        DbDriver::Postgres => format!("EXPLAIN (FORMAT JSON) {s}"),
+        DbDriver::Clickhouse => format!("EXPLAIN json = 1 {s}"),
        DbDriver::Mysql => format!("EXPLAIN {s}"),
        DbDriver::SqlServer => format!("SET SHOWPLAN_TEXT ON; {s}"),
    }
@@ -44,7 +45,7 @@ pub fn explain_statement(driver: DbDriver, statement: &str) -> String {
 pub fn parse(driver: DbDriver, result: &QueryResult) -> IdeResult<Vec<PlanNode>> {
    match driver {
        DbDriver::Sqlite => Ok(sqlite(&result.rows)),
-        DbDriver::Postgres => {
+        DbDriver::Postgres | DbDriver::Clickhouse => {
            let text: String =
                result.rows.iter().filter_map(|r| r.first().cloned().flatten()).collect::<Vec<_>>().join("\n");
            let json: Value = serde_json::from_str(&text).map_err(|e| IdeError::invalid(format!("plan: {e}")))?;
@@ -199,6 +200,7 @@ mod tests {
        assert_eq!(explain_statement(DbDriver::Sqlite, "select 1;"), "EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN select 1");
        assert_eq!(explain_statement(DbDriver::Postgres, " select 1 "), "EXPLAIN (FORMAT JSON) select 1");
        assert_eq!(explain_statement(DbDriver::Mysql, "select 1"), "EXPLAIN select 1");
+        assert_eq!(explain_statement(DbDriver::Clickhouse, " select 1;"), "EXPLAIN json = 1 select 1");
        assert_eq!(explain_statement(DbDriver::SqlServer, "select 1"), "SET SHOWPLAN_TEXT ON; select 1");
    }

@@ -254,6 +256,21 @@ mod tests {
        assert_eq!((plan[3].parent, plan[3].operation.as_str()), (Some(2), "Seq Scan"));
    }

+    #[test]
+    fn reads_clickhouse_json_plans_and_rejects_invalid_json() {
+        let json = r#"[{"Plan": {"Node Type": "Expression", "Node Id": "Expression_5",
+            "Description": "Project names", "Plans": [
+                {"Node Type": "ReadFromMergeTree", "Node Id": "ReadFromMergeTree_0",
+                 "Description": "default.events"}
+            ]}}]"#;
+        let plan = parse(DbDriver::Clickhouse, &result(&["explain"], vec![vec![Some(json)]])).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(plan.len(), 2);
+        assert_eq!((plan[0].parent, plan[0].operation.as_str()), (None, "Expression"));
+        assert_eq!((plan[1].parent, plan[1].operation.as_str()), (Some(0), "ReadFromMergeTree"));
+        assert!(plan[1].properties.iter().any(|p| p.name == "Description" && p.value == "default.events"));
+        assert!(parse(DbDriver::Clickhouse, &result(&["explain"], vec![vec![Some("invalid")]])).is_err());
+    }
+
    #[test]
    fn reads_mysql_rows() {
        let r = result(
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ pub enum DbDriver {
    Mysql,
    /// Microsoft SQL Server.
    SqlServer,
+    Clickhouse,
 }

 impl DbDriver {
@@ -27,6 +28,7 @@ impl DbDriver {
            DbDriver::Postgres => Some(5432),
            DbDriver::Mysql => Some(3306),
            DbDriver::SqlServer => Some(1433),
+            DbDriver::Clickhouse => Some(8123),
        }
    }
 }
@@ -253,6 +255,7 @@ pub fn scheme_driver(scheme: &str) -> Option<DbDriver> {
        "mysql" | "mariadb" | "tidb" | "singlestore" | "memsql" | "oceanbase" => Some(DbDriver::Mysql),
        "sqlserver" | "mssql" | "mssqlserver" => Some(DbDriver::SqlServer),
        "sqlite" | "sqlite3" => Some(DbDriver::Sqlite),
+        "clickhouse" | "http" | "https" => Some(DbDriver::Clickhouse),
        _ => None,
    }
 }
@@ -260,7 +263,7 @@ pub fn scheme_driver(scheme: &str) -> Option<DbDriver> {
 /// Parses `scheme://[user[:password]@]host[:port][/database][?k=v&…]`, `jdbc:` forms
 /// included, and `sqlite:path`.
 pub fn parse_url(raw: &str) -> IdeResult<ParsedUrl> {
-    let bad = || IdeError::invalid(format!("not a database URL: {raw}"));
+    let bad = || IdeError::invalid("invalid database URL");
    let url = raw.trim();
    let url = url.strip_prefix("jdbc:").or_else(|| url.strip_prefix("JDBC:")).unwrap_or(url);
    let (scheme, rest) = url.split_once(':').ok_or_else(bad)?;
@@ -367,6 +370,15 @@ impl DataSource {
        }
        properties.append(&mut s.properties);
        s.properties = properties;
+        if s.driver == DbDriver::Clickhouse {
+            let raw_url = self.url.trim().to_ascii_lowercase();
+            let url = raw_url.strip_prefix("jdbc:").unwrap_or(&raw_url);
+            if url.starts_with("https://") {
+                s.ssl = DbSslMode::VerifyFull;
+            } else if url.starts_with("http://") {
+                s.ssl = DbSslMode::Disable;
+            }
+        }
        Ok(s)
    }

@@ -519,4 +531,31 @@ mod tests {
        assert!(DataSource { url: "mysql://h/db".into(), ..s.clone() }.resolved().is_err());
        assert_eq!(DataSource { url_only: false, ..s }.resolved().unwrap().host, "localhost");
    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn clickhouse_urls_resolve_http_https_and_credentials() {
+        assert_eq!(DbDriver::Clickhouse.default_port(), Some(8123));
+        let source = DataSource {
+            driver: DbDriver::Clickhouse,
+            url_only: true,
+            url: "https://reader:s%[email protected]:8443/analytics?max_execution_time=30".into(),
+            ..Default::default()
+        };
+        let resolved = source.resolved().unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(resolved.host, "db.example");
+        assert_eq!(resolved.port, Some(8443));
+        assert_eq!(resolved.database, "analytics");
+        assert_eq!(resolved.user, "reader");
+        assert_eq!(resolved.ssl, DbSslMode::VerifyFull);
+        assert_eq!(source.url_password().as_deref(), Some("s@cret"));
+        assert_eq!(resolved.properties[0].name, "max_execution_time");
+        let http = DataSource { url: "http://localhost/default".into(), ..source.clone() }.resolved().unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(http.ssl, DbSslMode::Disable);
+        let jdbc = DataSource { url: "jdbc:clickhouse://localhost/analytics".into(), ..source.clone() };
+        assert_eq!(jdbc.resolved().unwrap().database, "analytics");
+        let secure = DataSource { url: "https://db.example/default?sslmode=disable".into(), ..source };
+        assert_eq!(secure.resolved().unwrap().ssl, DbSslMode::VerifyFull);
+        let error = parse_url("clickhouse://reader:[email protected]:invalid/default").unwrap_err();
+        assert!(!error.message.contains("secret"));
+    }
 }
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@ enum State {
 /// Every statement of `text` that contains more than whitespace and comments.
 pub fn split(text: &str, driver: DbDriver) -> Vec<SqlStatement> {
    let mysql = driver == DbDriver::Mysql;
+    let clickhouse = driver == DbDriver::Clickhouse;
    let chars: Vec<(usize, char)> = text.char_indices().collect();
    // UTF-16 offset of each char index (plus the end).
    let mut u16_at = Vec::with_capacity(chars.len() + 1);
@@ -81,7 +82,7 @@ pub fn split(text: &str, driver: DbDriver) -> Vec<SqlStatement> {
                    state = State::Double;
                    has_code = true;
                }
-                '`' if mysql => {
+                '`' if mysql || clickhouse => {
                    state = State::Backtick;
                    has_code = true;
                }
@@ -117,7 +118,7 @@ pub fn split(text: &str, driver: DbDriver) -> Vec<SqlStatement> {
                _ => {}
            },
            State::Single => {
-                if mysql && c == '\\' {
+                if (mysql || clickhouse) && c == '\\' {
                    i += 1;
                } else if c == '\'' {
                    if next == Some('\'') {
@@ -128,7 +129,9 @@ pub fn split(text: &str, driver: DbDriver) -> Vec<SqlStatement> {
                }
            }
            State::Double => {
-                if c == '"' {
+                if clickhouse && c == '\\' {
+                    i += 1;
+                } else if c == '"' {
                    if next == Some('"') {
                        i += 1;
                    } else {
@@ -137,7 +140,9 @@ pub fn split(text: &str, driver: DbDriver) -> Vec<SqlStatement> {
                }
            }
            State::Backtick => {
-                if c == '`' {
+                if clickhouse && (c == '\\' || (c == '`' && next == Some('`'))) {
+                    i += 1;
+                } else if c == '`' {
                    state = State::Code;
                }
            }
@@ -224,6 +229,12 @@ mod tests {
        assert_eq!(texts(sql, DbDriver::Mysql), vec!["select `a;b`, 'it\\'s;' from t # x;y", "select 2"]);
    }

+    #[test]
+    fn clickhouse_backticks_and_escaped_quotes_keep_statements_intact() {
+        let query = r#"SELECT `a\`;b`, "c\";d", 'it\'s;safe'; SELECT 2"#;
+        assert_eq!(texts(query, DbDriver::Clickhouse), vec![r#"SELECT `a\`;b`, "c\";d", 'it\'s;safe'"#, "SELECT 2"]);
+    }
+
    #[test]
    fn postgres_dollar_quotes() {
        let sql =
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ use specta::Type;

 pub fn quote_ident(driver: DbDriver, name: &str) -> String {
    match driver {
+        DbDriver::Clickhouse => format!("`{}`", name.replace('\\', "\\\\").replace('`', "\\`")),
        DbDriver::Mysql => format!("`{}`", name.replace('`', "``")),
        DbDriver::SqlServer => format!("[{}]", name.replace(']', "]]")),
        _ => format!("\"{}\"", name.replace('"', "\"\"")),
@@ -15,7 +16,7 @@ pub fn quote_ident(driver: DbDriver, name: &str) -> String {

 pub fn quote_literal(driver: DbDriver, value: &str) -> String {
    let mut s = value.replace('\'', "''");
-    if driver == DbDriver::Mysql {
+    if matches!(driver, DbDriver::Mysql | DbDriver::Clickhouse) {
        s = s.replace('\\', "\\\\");
    }
    format!("'{s}'")
@@ -48,6 +49,10 @@ pub const INTERNAL_DATABASES: &[&str] = &["rdsadmin", "azure_maintenance", "azur
 pub fn schemas(driver: DbDriver, system: bool) -> &'static str {
    match driver {
        DbDriver::Sqlite => "SELECT name FROM pragma_database_list WHERE name <> 'temp' ORDER BY seq",
+        DbDriver::Clickhouse if system => "SELECT name FROM system.databases ORDER BY name",
+        DbDriver::Clickhouse => {
+            "SELECT name FROM system.databases WHERE lower(name) NOT IN ('system', 'information_schema') ORDER BY name"
+        }
        DbDriver::Postgres if system => {
            "SELECT schema_name FROM information_schema.schemata \
             WHERE schema_name NOT LIKE 'pg\\_toast%' AND schema_name NOT LIKE 'pg\\_temp%' ORDER BY 1"
@@ -73,6 +78,12 @@ pub fn schemas(driver: DbDriver, system: bool) -> &'static str {
 /// Rows: `name, kind` where kind is `table`, `view` or `materialized view`.
 pub fn tables(driver: DbDriver, schema: &str) -> String {
    match driver {
+        DbDriver::Clickhouse => format!(
+            "SELECT name, CASE engine WHEN 'View' THEN 'view' WHEN 'MaterializedView' THEN 'materialized view' \
+             WHEN 'WindowView' THEN 'view' ELSE 'table' END FROM system.tables \
+             WHERE database = {} AND is_temporary = 0 ORDER BY name",
+            quote_literal(driver, schema)
+        ),
        DbDriver::Sqlite => format!(
            "SELECT name, type FROM {}.sqlite_master WHERE type IN ('table', 'view') \
             AND name NOT LIKE 'sqlite\\_%' ESCAPE '\\' ORDER BY name",
@@ -101,6 +112,12 @@ pub fn tables(driver: DbDriver, schema: &str) -> String {
 pub fn columns(driver: DbDriver, schema: &str, table: &str) -> String {
    let (s, t) = (quote_literal(driver, schema), quote_literal(driver, table));
    match driver {
+        DbDriver::Clickhouse => format!(
+            "SELECT name, type, CASE WHEN startsWith(type, 'Nullable(') \
+             OR startsWith(type, 'LowCardinality(Nullable(') THEN 'YES' ELSE 'NO' END, \
+             if(default_kind = '', NULL, default_expression), is_in_primary_key \
+             FROM system.columns WHERE database = {s} AND table = {t} ORDER BY position"
+        ),
        DbDriver::Sqlite => format!(
            "SELECT name, type, CASE WHEN \"notnull\" = 0 THEN 'YES' ELSE 'NO' END, dflt_value, \
             CASE WHEN pk > 0 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END FROM pragma_table_info({t}, {s}) ORDER BY cid"
@@ -138,6 +155,12 @@ pub fn columns(driver: DbDriver, schema: &str, table: &str) -> String {
 pub fn indexes(driver: DbDriver, schema: &str, table: &str) -> String {
    let (s, t) = (quote_literal(driver, schema), quote_literal(driver, table));
    match driver {
+        DbDriver::Clickhouse => format!(
+            "SELECT * FROM (SELECT 'PRIMARY KEY' AS index_name, 0 AS is_unique, primary_key AS expression \
+             FROM system.tables WHERE database = {s} AND name = {t} AND primary_key != '' \
+             UNION ALL SELECT name, 0, expr FROM system.data_skipping_indices \
+             WHERE database = {s} AND table = {t}) ORDER BY index_name"
+        ),
        DbDriver::Sqlite => format!(
            "SELECT il.name, il.\"unique\", ii.name FROM pragma_index_list({t}, {s}) il \
             JOIN pragma_index_info(il.name, {s}) ii ORDER BY il.name, ii.seqno"
@@ -169,6 +192,15 @@ pub fn indexes(driver: DbDriver, schema: &str, table: &str) -> String {
 /// for SQL completion, grouped by table in column order.
 pub fn completion_columns(driver: DbDriver) -> &'static str {
    match driver {
+        DbDriver::Clickhouse => {
+            "SELECT c.database, c.table, CASE t.engine WHEN 'View' THEN 'view' \
+             WHEN 'MaterializedView' THEN 'materialized view' WHEN 'WindowView' THEN 'view' ELSE 'table' END, \
+             c.name, c.type, CASE WHEN startsWith(c.type, 'Nullable(') \
+             OR startsWith(c.type, 'LowCardinality(Nullable(') THEN 'YES' ELSE 'NO' END, c.is_in_primary_key, 1 \
+             FROM system.columns c JOIN system.tables t ON t.database = c.database AND t.name = c.table \
+             WHERE lower(c.database) NOT IN ('system', 'information_schema') AND t.is_temporary = 0 \
+             ORDER BY c.database, c.table, c.position LIMIT 50000"
+        }
        DbDriver::Sqlite => {
            "SELECT 'main', m.name, m.type, p.name, p.type, CASE WHEN p.\"notnull\" = 0 THEN 'YES' ELSE 'NO' END, \
             CASE WHEN p.pk > 0 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END, \
@@ -221,6 +253,7 @@ pub fn completion_columns(driver: DbDriver) -> &'static str {
 /// when the key references the primary key implicitly.
 pub fn foreign_keys(driver: DbDriver) -> &'static str {
    match driver {
+        DbDriver::Clickhouse => "SELECT '', '', '', '', '', '', '' WHERE 0",
        DbDriver::Sqlite => {
            "SELECT 'main', m.name, f.id, f.\"from\", 'main', f.\"table\", f.\"to\" \
             FROM sqlite_master m JOIN pragma_foreign_key_list(m.name) f \
@@ -258,6 +291,7 @@ pub fn foreign_keys(driver: DbDriver) -> &'static str {
 pub fn table_foreign_keys(driver: DbDriver, schema: &str, table: &str) -> String {
    let (s, t) = (quote_literal(driver, schema), quote_literal(driver, table));
    match driver {
+        DbDriver::Clickhouse => foreign_keys(driver).to_owned(),
        DbDriver::Sqlite => format!(
            "SELECT {s}, {t}, f.id, f.\"from\", {s}, f.\"table\", f.\"to\"              FROM pragma_foreign_key_list({t}, {s}) f ORDER BY f.id, f.seq"
        ),
@@ -276,6 +310,7 @@ pub fn table_foreign_keys(driver: DbDriver, schema: &str, table: &str) -> String
 /// The schema unqualified names resolve to (`None`: always `main`).
 pub fn current_schema(driver: DbDriver) -> Option<&'static str> {
    match driver {
+        DbDriver::Clickhouse => Some("SELECT currentDatabase()"),
        DbDriver::Sqlite => None,
        DbDriver::Postgres => Some("SELECT current_schema()"),
        DbDriver::Mysql => Some("SELECT DATABASE()"),
@@ -362,6 +397,9 @@ fn where_key(driver: DbDriver, key: &[CellValue]) -> String {
 /// The DML statement for `edit`. Values are written as quoted literals, which
 /// every supported database coerces to the column type.
 pub fn edit_statement(driver: DbDriver, schema: &str, table: &str, edit: &DbRowEdit) -> Result<String, String> {
+    if driver == DbDriver::Clickhouse {
+        return Err("ClickHouse table editing is unsupported: primary keys do not uniquely identify rows and edits require transactions".into());
+    }
    let target = qualified(driver, schema, table);
    match edit {
        DbRowEdit::Update { key, values } => {
@@ -450,6 +488,7 @@ pub fn postgres_ddl_indexes(oid: u32) -> String {
 pub fn triggers(driver: DbDriver, schema: &str, table: &str) -> String {
    let (s, t) = (quote_literal(driver, schema), quote_literal(driver, table));
    match driver {
+        DbDriver::Clickhouse => "SELECT '', '', '' WHERE 0".to_owned(),
        DbDriver::Sqlite => format!(
            "SELECT name, sql FROM {}.sqlite_master WHERE type = 'trigger' AND tbl_name = {t} ORDER BY name",
            quote_ident(driver, schema)
@@ -492,7 +531,7 @@ pub fn sqlite_trigger_event(sql: &str) -> (String, String) {
 pub fn routines(driver: DbDriver, schema: &str) -> Option<String> {
    let s = quote_literal(driver, schema);
    match driver {
-        DbDriver::Sqlite => None,
+        DbDriver::Sqlite | DbDriver::Clickhouse => None,
        // Functions of extensions are left out, as in IDEA.
        DbDriver::Postgres => Some(format!(
            "SELECT p.proname, CASE WHEN p.prokind = 'p' THEN 'procedure' ELSE 'function' END, \
@@ -625,6 +664,71 @@ mod tests {
        assert_eq!(quote_literal(DbDriver::Mysql, "it's \\"), "'it''s \\\\'");
    }

+    #[test]
+    fn clickhouse_escapes_backslashes_and_delimiters() {
+        let driver = DbDriver::Clickhouse;
+        assert_eq!(quote_literal(driver, r"path\O'Brien"), r"'path\\O''Brien'");
+        assert_eq!(quote_literal(driver, r"\' OR 1 = 1 --"), r"'\\'' OR 1 = 1 --'");
+        assert_eq!(quote_ident(driver, r"a\`b"), r"`a\\\`b`");
+        assert_eq!(qualified(driver, "data base", "event`log"), r"`data base`.`event\`log`");
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn clickhouse_metadata_preserves_types_defaults_and_nonunique_keys() {
+        let driver = DbDriver::Clickhouse;
+        assert_eq!(schemas(driver, true), "SELECT name FROM system.databases ORDER BY name");
+        assert!(schemas(driver, false).contains("lower(name) NOT IN ('system', 'information_schema')"));
+        assert_eq!(current_schema(driver), Some("SELECT currentDatabase()"));
+        let relations = tables(driver, "event's\\db");
+        assert!(relations.contains("WHEN 'MaterializedView' THEN 'materialized view'"));
+        assert!(relations.contains(r"WHERE database = 'event''s\\db' AND is_temporary = 0"));
+        let fields = columns(driver, "default", "events");
+        assert!(fields.starts_with("SELECT name, type, CASE WHEN startsWith(type, 'Nullable(')"));
+        assert!(fields.contains("startsWith(type, 'LowCardinality(Nullable(')"));
+        assert!(fields.contains("if(default_kind = '', NULL, default_expression), is_in_primary_key"));
+        assert!(fields.ends_with("WHERE database = 'default' AND table = 'events' ORDER BY position"));
+        let keys = indexes(driver, "default", "events");
+        assert!(keys.contains("'PRIMARY KEY' AS index_name, 0 AS is_unique, primary_key AS expression"));
+        assert!(keys.contains("SELECT name, 0, expr FROM system.data_skipping_indices"));
+        let completion = completion_columns(driver);
+        assert!(completion.contains("c.is_in_primary_key, 1"));
+        assert!(completion.contains("ORDER BY c.database, c.table, c.position LIMIT 50000"));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn clickhouse_has_no_foreign_key_trigger_or_schema_routine_catalogs() {
+        let driver = DbDriver::Clickhouse;
+        assert_eq!(foreign_keys(driver), "SELECT '', '', '', '', '', '', '' WHERE 0");
+        assert_eq!(table_foreign_keys(driver, "default", "events"), foreign_keys(driver));
+        assert_eq!(triggers(driver, "default", "events"), "SELECT '', '', '' WHERE 0");
+        assert!(routines(driver, "default").is_none());
+        assert!(sequences(driver, "default").is_none());
+        assert!(object_ddl(driver, "default", crate::DbObjectKind::Trigger, "t").is_none());
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn clickhouse_pages_quote_keys_and_fetch_one_extra_row() {
+        let sort = [SortKey { column: "event`id".into(), descending: true }];
+        assert_eq!(
+            table_page(DbDriver::Clickhouse, "default", "events", Some("WHERE id > 3"), &sort, 50, 25),
+            r"SELECT * FROM `default`.`events` WHERE id > 3 ORDER BY `event\`id` DESC LIMIT 26 OFFSET 50"
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn clickhouse_keys_never_enable_transactional_table_edits() {
+        let key = vec![cv("id", Some("1"))];
+        for edit in [
+            DbRowEdit::Update { key: key.clone(), values: vec![cv("name", Some("new"))] },
+            DbRowEdit::Delete { key },
+            DbRowEdit::Insert { values: vec![cv("name", Some("new"))] },
+            DbRowEdit::Insert { values: vec![] },
+        ] {
+            let error = edit_statement(DbDriver::Clickhouse, "default", "events", &edit).unwrap_err();
+            assert!(error.contains("primary keys do not uniquely identify rows"));
+        }
+    }
+
    #[test]
    fn pages() {
        let sort = [SortKey { column: "id".into(), descending: true }];
@@ -0,0 +1,136 @@
+use ide_core::{CancellationToken, IdeError, IdeResult};
+use ide_db::{CellValue, DataSource, DbDriver, DbManager, DbRowEdit, DbSslMode, SortKey, sql};
+use std::sync::Arc;
+use std::time::{SystemTime, UNIX_EPOCH};
+
+fn check(condition: bool, message: &str) -> IdeResult<()> {
+    if condition { Ok(()) } else { Err(IdeError::invalid(message)) }
+}
+
+#[tokio::test]
+#[ignore = "requires CLICKHOUSE_TEST_HOST, CLICKHOUSE_TEST_USER, and CLICKHOUSE_TEST_PASSWORD"]
+async fn clickhouse_cloud_manager_catalogs_and_session_table() -> IdeResult<()> {
+    let tmp = tempfile::tempdir()?;
+    let root = tmp.path().to_path_buf();
+    let ssh = Arc::new(ide_ssh::SshManager::new(root.join("ssh-passwords.json")));
+    let db = DbManager::new(root.clone(), root.join("passwords.json"), root.join("history.json"), ssh);
+    let mut source = DataSource {
+        id: "clickhouse".into(),
+        name: "clickhouse".into(),
+        driver: DbDriver::Clickhouse,
+        host: std::env::var("CLICKHOUSE_TEST_HOST").expect("set CLICKHOUSE_TEST_HOST"),
+        port: Some(
+            std::env::var("CLICKHOUSE_TEST_PORT")
+                .map(|value| value.parse().expect("numeric CLICKHOUSE_TEST_PORT"))
+                .unwrap_or(8443),
+        ),
+        user: std::env::var("CLICKHOUSE_TEST_USER").expect("set CLICKHOUSE_TEST_USER"),
+        database: "default".into(),
+        ssl: DbSslMode::VerifyFull,
+        ..Default::default()
+    };
+    source.introspection.show_system = true;
+    let password = std::env::var("CLICKHOUSE_TEST_PASSWORD").expect("set CLICKHOUSE_TEST_PASSWORD");
+    check(!db.test(&source, Some(password.clone()), None).await?.is_empty(), "missing server version")?;
+    db.save_sources(vec![source]).await?;
+    db.set_password("clickhouse", Some(password), false).await?;
+    let cancel = CancellationToken::new();
+    let suffix = SystemTime::now().duration_since(UNIX_EPOCH).unwrap().as_nanos();
+    let name = format!("manager_test_{}_{suffix}", std::process::id());
+    let table = sql::quote_ident(DbDriver::Clickhouse, &name);
+    db.execute(
+        "clickhouse",
+        &format!(
+            "CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE {table} (id UInt64, label Nullable(String) DEFAULT NULL, \
+             category LowCardinality(Nullable(String)) DEFAULT NULL, items Array(Nullable(UInt8)), \
+             label_size UInt64 ALIAS length(ifNull(label, ''))) ENGINE = Memory"
+        ),
+        0,
+        &cancel,
+    )
+    .await?;
+    let checked: IdeResult<()> = async {
+        db.execute(
+            "clickhouse",
+            &format!("INSERT INTO {table} (id, label, items) VALUES (1, 'first', [1, NULL]), (1, NULL, [])"),
+            0,
+            &cancel,
+        )
+        .await?;
+        let schemas = db.schemas("clickhouse").await?;
+        check(schemas.iter().any(|schema| schema == "default"), "default database missing")?;
+        check(schemas.iter().any(|schema| schema == "system"), "system database missing")?;
+        let tables = db.tables("clickhouse", "system").await?;
+        check(tables.iter().any(|table| table.name == "one"), "system table listing missing one")?;
+        let details = db.table_details("clickhouse", "", &name).await?;
+        check(details.columns.len() == 5, "temporary table columns missing")?;
+        for (name, data_type, nullable) in [
+            ("id", "UInt64", false),
+            ("label", "Nullable(String)", true),
+            ("category", "LowCardinality(Nullable(String))", true),
+            ("items", "Array(Nullable(UInt8))", false),
+        ] {
+            check(
+                details
+                    .columns
+                    .iter()
+                    .any(|column| column.name == name && column.data_type == data_type && column.nullable == nullable),
+                "column type or nullability mismatch",
+            )?;
+        }
+        check(
+            details.columns.iter().any(|column| column.name == "label" && column.default.as_deref() == Some("NULL")),
+            "explicit default expression missing",
+        )?;
+        check(details.indexes.iter().all(|index| !index.unique), "ClickHouse index reported unique")?;
+        check(details.foreign_keys.is_empty() && details.triggers.is_empty(), "unsupported table objects returned")?;
+        let sort = [SortKey { column: "id".into(), descending: false }];
+        let first = db.table_page("clickhouse", "", &name, None, &sort, 0, 1, &cancel).await?;
+        check(first.result.rows.len() == 1 && first.result.has_more, "first page limit failed")?;
+        let second = db.table_page("clickhouse", "", &name, None, &sort, 1, 1, &cancel).await?;
+        check(second.result.rows.len() == 1 && !second.result.has_more, "page offset failed")?;
+        let ddl = db.ddl("clickhouse", "", &name).await?;
+        check(ddl.contains(&name) && ddl.contains("Memory"), "temporary table DDL missing")?;
+        let completion = db.completion("clickhouse").await?;
+        check(completion.default_schema == "default", "completion default database mismatch")?;
+        check(completion.foreign_keys.is_empty(), "completion returned unsupported foreign keys")?;
+        if let Some(table) = completion.tables.first() {
+            let details = db.table_details("clickhouse", &table.schema, &table.name).await?;
+            check(
+                table.columns.iter().all(|column| {
+                    details.columns.iter().any(|field| field.name == column.name && field.data_type == column.data_type)
+                }),
+                "completion columns differ from catalog",
+            )?;
+        }
+        let plan = db.explain("clickhouse", &format!("SELECT id FROM {table}"), &cancel).await?;
+        check(!plan.is_empty(), "query plan missing")?;
+        let value = r"path\O'Brien";
+        let result = db
+            .execute("clickhouse", &format!("SELECT {}", sql::quote_literal(DbDriver::Clickhouse, value)), 1, &cancel)
+            .await?;
+        check(result.rows == vec![vec![Some(value.to_owned())]], "quoted literal changed value")?;
+        let edits = [DbRowEdit::Update {
+            key: vec![CellValue { column: "id".into(), value: Some("1".into()) }],
+            values: vec![CellValue { column: "label".into(), value: Some("changed".into()) }],
+        }];
+        check(
+            db.apply_edits("clickhouse", "", &name, &edits)
+                .await
+                .err()
+                .is_some_and(|error| error.message.contains("table editing is unsupported")),
+            "supplied row key authorized table editing",
+        )?;
+        check(db.set_manual_commit("clickhouse", true).await.is_err(), "manual transactions were accepted")?;
+        for commit in [false, true] {
+            check(db.finish_transaction("clickhouse", commit).await.is_err(), "transaction control was accepted")?;
+        }
+        Ok(())
+    }
+    .await;
+    let cleanup = db.execute("clickhouse", &format!("DROP TEMPORARY TABLE {table}"), 0, &cancel).await;
+    db.disconnect("clickhouse").await;
+    checked?;
+    cleanup?;
+    Ok(())
+}
@@ -197,7 +197,7 @@ async fn count(db: &DbManager) -> String {
 async fn manual_commit_keeps_a_transaction_until_commit_or_rollback() -> IdeResult<()> {
    let (_tmp, db) = setup().await;
    let c = CancellationToken::new();
-    db.set_manual_commit("s1", true).await;
+    db.set_manual_commit("s1", true).await.unwrap();
    db.execute("s1", "INSERT INTO users (name) VALUES ('dee')", 1, &c).await?;
    // The session sees its own change.
    assert_eq!(count(&db).await, "4");
@@ -208,10 +208,10 @@ async fn manual_commit_keeps_a_transaction_until_commit_or_rollback() -> IdeResu
    db.finish_transaction("s1", true).await?;
    // Leaving manual mode rolls back what is still open.
    db.execute("s1", "DELETE FROM users", 1, &c).await?;
-    db.set_manual_commit("s1", false).await;
+    db.set_manual_commit("s1", false).await.unwrap();
    assert_eq!(count(&db).await, "4");
    // Disconnecting with an open transaction does not hang.
-    db.set_manual_commit("s1", true).await;
+    db.set_manual_commit("s1", true).await.unwrap();
    db.execute("s1", "DELETE FROM users", 1, &c).await?;
    db.disconnect("s1").await;
    assert_eq!(count(&db).await, "4");
@@ -27,8 +27,8 @@ mod when;
 pub use capability::{Capability, CapabilityInfo, Risk, host_matches};
 pub use index::ContributionIndex;
 pub use manifest::{
-    ActivationEvent, Capabilities, ENGINE_VERSION, EVENT_KINDS, LEGACY_API, MANIFEST_FILE, Manifest, check_relative,
-    engine_compatible, validate_item_id, validate_plugin_id, validate_point_id,
+    ActivationEvent, CATEGORIES, Capabilities, ENGINE_VERSION, EVENT_KINDS, LEGACY_API, MANIFEST_FILE, MAX_CATEGORIES,
+    Manifest, check_relative, engine_compatible, validate_item_id, validate_plugin_id, validate_point_id,
 };
 pub use point::{Commit, Disposable, ExtensionPoint, MAX_PACKAGE_FILE, Package, Placement, Prepared, decode};
 pub use registry::{ContributionInfo, ExtensionRegistry, PreparedSet};
@@ -35,6 +35,11 @@ pub const MANIFEST_FILE: &str = "plugin.toml";
 pub const ENGINE_VERSION: &str = "1.0.0";
 /// The 0.1 API, still accepted for contribution-only packages and 0.1 components.
 pub const LEGACY_API: &str = "0.1";
+/// Marketplace categories, in the order they are shown.
+pub const CATEGORIES: &[&str] =
+    &["languages", "themes", "icon-themes", "linters", "vcs", "ai", "frameworks", "tools", "other"];
+/// Categories a plugin is listed under; later ones are ignored.
+pub const MAX_CATEGORIES: usize = 3;

 #[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq)]
 pub struct Manifest {
@@ -47,6 +52,8 @@ pub struct Manifest {
    pub license: Option<String>,
    /// Release notes of this version (Settings › Plugins › What's New).
    pub change_notes: Option<String>,
+    /// Marketplace categories as declared (see [`Manifest::categories`]).
+    pub declared_categories: Vec<String>,
    /// `engines.openidea` (a semver requirement), or the legacy `openidea-api`.
    pub engine: String,
    /// Written in the 0.1 format.
@@ -166,6 +173,8 @@ struct Raw {
    #[serde(default)]
    change_notes: Option<String>,
    #[serde(default)]
+    categories: Vec<String>,
+    #[serde(default)]
    engines: Option<Engines>,
    /// 0.1 format.
    #[serde(default)]
@@ -243,6 +252,7 @@ impl Manifest {
            homepage: raw.homepage,
            license: raw.license,
            change_notes: raw.change_notes,
+            declared_categories: raw.categories,
            engine,
            legacy,
            wasm: raw.wasm,
@@ -290,6 +300,9 @@ impl Manifest {
                return Err(format!("duplicate activation event {event}"));
            }
        }
+        for c in &self.declared_categories {
+            validate_item_id(c, "category")?;
+        }
        for (point, decls) in &self.contributes {
            validate_point_id(point)?;
            if !matches!(decls, toml::Value::Array(_) | toml::Value::Table(_)) {
@@ -325,6 +338,39 @@ impl Manifest {
    }
 }

+impl Manifest {
+    /// Its marketplace categories, in [`CATEGORIES`] order: the first
+    /// [`MAX_CATEGORIES`] declared that this IDE knows; without any, those its
+    /// contributions imply (themes, icon themes, languages), else `other`.
+    pub fn categories(&self) -> Vec<String> {
+        let pick = |f: &dyn Fn(&str) -> bool| CATEGORIES.iter().filter(|c| f(c)).map(|c| c.to_string()).collect();
+        let mut known: Vec<&str> = Vec::new();
+        for d in &self.declared_categories {
+            if CATEGORIES.contains(&d.as_str()) && !known.contains(&d.as_str()) && known.len() < MAX_CATEGORIES {
+                known.push(d);
+            }
+        }
+        let mut out: Vec<String> = pick(&|c| known.contains(&c));
+        if out.is_empty() {
+            out = pick(&|c| match c {
+                "themes" => self.contributes.contains_key("themes"),
+                "icon-themes" => self.contributes.contains_key("iconThemes"),
+                "languages" => self.contributes.contains_key("languages"),
+                _ => false,
+            });
+        }
+        if out.is_empty() {
+            out.push("other".into());
+        }
+        out
+    }
+
+    /// Declared categories this IDE doesn't know (ignored).
+    pub fn unknown_categories(&self) -> Vec<&str> {
+        self.declared_categories.iter().map(String::as_str).filter(|c| !CATEGORIES.contains(c)).collect()
+    }
+}
+
 /// Whether this host can load a plugin written for `engine`.
 pub fn engine_compatible(engine: &str, legacy: bool) -> bool {
    if legacy {
@@ -417,6 +463,26 @@ mod tests {
        assert!(ActivationEvent::parse("on-event:scheduled").is_err(), "declared with on-schedule");
    }

+    #[test]
+    fn categories_are_declared_or_implied() {
+        let head = "id = \"acme.x\"\nname = \"X\"\nversion = \"1.0.0\"\nengines.openidea = \"^1.0\"\n";
+        let m = |rest: &str| Manifest::parse(&format!("{head}{rest}"));
+        // Declared, in the catalogue's order; unknown ones (a newer IDE's) are ignored.
+        let declared = m("categories = [\"tools\", \"vcs\", \"robots\"]\n").unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(declared.categories(), ["vcs", "tools"]);
+        assert_eq!(declared.unknown_categories(), ["robots"]);
+        // None declared: implied by the contributions, else `other`.
+        let theme = m("[[contributes.themes]]\nid = \"t\"\n[[contributes.languages]]\nid = \"l\"\n").unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(theme.categories(), ["languages", "themes"]);
+        let declared_wins = m("categories = [\"tools\"]\n[[contributes.languages]]\nid = \"l\"\n").unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(declared_wins.categories(), ["tools"]);
+        assert_eq!(m("").unwrap().categories(), ["other"]);
+        // At most three: the first ones declared.
+        let many = m("categories = [\"vcs\", \"ai\", \"vcs\", \"tools\", \"themes\"]\n").unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(many.categories(), ["vcs", "ai", "tools"]);
+        assert!(m("categories = [\"Bad Name\"]\n").is_err());
+    }
+
    #[test]
    fn parses_the_02_format() {
        let m = Manifest::parse(FULL).unwrap();
@@ -9,9 +9,19 @@
 //!   proves who published the bytes; whether to trust that publisher is the
 //!   index's call.
 //! - **Index** (`index.json`): the publishers and their keys (the trust root),
-//!   the published plugins, and revocations. A publisher owns the id prefix
-//!   `<publisher>.`; a revoked key invalidates everything it signed, a
-//!   revoked plugin version is disabled where it is installed.
+//!   the published plugin versions, and revocations. A publisher owns the id
+//!   prefix `<publisher>.`; a revoked key invalidates everything it signed, a
+//!   revoked plugin version is disabled where it is installed. A plugin may be
+//!   listed in several versions, each with the plugin API it needs: the IDE
+//!   offers the newest one it can load.
+//! - **Key continuity**: an installed plugin updates silently only to a
+//!   package signed with the same key, or with a key the installed one
+//!   endorsed ([`Endorsement`], a publisher rotating keys); any other signer
+//!   is the user's call. An IDE can pin a publisher to keys it was built with
+//!   ([`Index::pin_publisher`]): the index then can't replace them.
+//! - **Format**: fields are only ever added (IDEs ignore those they don't
+//!   know); `format` grows only for changes older IDEs can't read, and they
+//!   still apply such an index's revocations ([`Index::parse`]).

 use crate::MANIFEST_FILE;
 use base64::Engine as _;
@@ -40,6 +50,24 @@ fn signed_message(id: &str, version: &str, digest: &str) -> Vec<u8> {
    format!("openidea-plugin/1\n{id}\n{version}\n{digest}").into_bytes()
 }

+fn endorsement_message(publisher: &str, key: &str) -> Vec<u8> {
+    format!("openidea-key/1\n{publisher}\n{key}").into_bytes()
+}
+
+/// Whether `signature` (base64) is `key`'s (base64) Ed25519 signature of
+/// `message`; malformed keys and signatures are errors.
+fn verify_ed25519(key: &str, message: &[u8], signature: &str) -> Result<bool, String> {
+    let key: [u8; 32] = B64
+        .decode(key)
+        .ok()
+        .and_then(|b| b.try_into().ok())
+        .ok_or_else(|| "signature: malformed public key".to_owned())?;
+    let key = VerifyingKey::from_bytes(&key).map_err(|_| "signature: invalid public key".to_owned())?;
+    let sig: [u8; 64] =
+        B64.decode(signature).ok().and_then(|b| b.try_into().ok()).ok_or_else(|| "signature: malformed".to_owned())?;
+    Ok(key.verify_strict(message, &Signature::from_bytes(&sig)).is_ok())
+}
+
 /// `SIGNATURE.json` of a signed package.
 #[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
 #[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
@@ -74,6 +102,12 @@ impl PublisherKey {
        B64.encode(self.0.verifying_key().to_bytes())
    }

+    /// Vouches for `publisher`'s new key `key` (base64), the one that follows this one.
+    pub fn endorse(&self, publisher: &str, key: &str) -> Endorsement {
+        let sig = self.0.sign(&endorsement_message(publisher, key));
+        Endorsement { key: self.public_base64(), signature: B64.encode(sig.to_bytes()) }
+    }
+
    pub fn sign(&self, publisher: &str, id: &str, version: &str, digest: &str) -> PackageSignature {
        let sig = self.0.sign(&signed_message(id, version, digest));
        PackageSignature {
@@ -88,19 +122,11 @@ impl PackageSignature {
    /// Whether the signature is valid for `id`, `version` and `digest` (the
    /// key's validity is checked against an [`Index`]).
    pub fn check(&self, id: &str, version: &str, digest: &str) -> Result<(), String> {
-        let key: [u8; 32] = B64
-            .decode(&self.key)
-            .ok()
-            .and_then(|b| b.try_into().ok())
-            .ok_or_else(|| "signature: malformed public key".to_owned())?;
-        let key = VerifyingKey::from_bytes(&key).map_err(|_| "signature: invalid public key".to_owned())?;
-        let sig: [u8; 64] = B64
-            .decode(&self.signature)
-            .ok()
-            .and_then(|b| b.try_into().ok())
-            .ok_or_else(|| "signature: malformed".to_owned())?;
-        key.verify_strict(&signed_message(id, version, digest), &Signature::from_bytes(&sig))
-            .map_err(|_| "the signature does not match the package (it was changed after signing)".to_owned())
+        if verify_ed25519(&self.key, &signed_message(id, version, digest), &self.signature)? {
+            Ok(())
+        } else {
+            Err("the signature does not match the package (it was changed after signing)".to_owned())
+        }
    }
 }

@@ -242,6 +268,10 @@ pub struct Index {
    pub plugins: Vec<IndexEntry>,
    #[serde(default)]
    pub revoked: Vec<Revocation>,
+    /// The marketplace moved: its index is at this URL (relative to this
+    /// one, or absolute), and the IDE reads that one instead.
+    #[serde(default, skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
+    pub moved: Option<String>,
 }

 #[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, Deserialize, specta::Type)]
@@ -253,7 +283,7 @@ pub struct Publisher {
    pub keys: Vec<KeyEntry>,
 }

-#[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, Deserialize, specta::Type)]
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, Default, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, Deserialize, specta::Type)]
 #[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
 pub struct KeyEntry {
    /// Ed25519 public key, base64.
@@ -261,6 +291,27 @@ pub struct KeyEntry {
    /// Packages signed with it are no longer trusted.
    #[serde(default)]
    pub revoked: bool,
+    /// The publisher's earlier key vouching for this one.
+    #[serde(default, skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
+    pub endorsement: Option<Endorsement>,
+}
+
+impl KeyEntry {
+    pub fn new(key: String) -> Self {
+        Self { key, ..Self::default() }
+    }
+}
+
+/// A publisher's earlier key vouching for a newer one: plugins installed from
+/// packages signed with the earlier key update to ones signed with the newer
+/// key without asking the user.
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, Deserialize, specta::Type)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct Endorsement {
+    /// The endorsing key, base64.
+    pub key: String,
+    /// Its Ed25519 signature of `openidea-key/1\n<publisher>\n<endorsed key>`, base64.
+    pub signature: String,
 }

 /// A published plugin version.
@@ -281,6 +332,34 @@ pub struct IndexEntry {
    pub digest: String,
    #[serde(default)]
    pub capabilities: Vec<String>,
+    /// The plugin API versions it loads in (a semver requirement): its
+    /// manifest's `engines.openidea` and the API its component was built for.
+    /// Required: an entry without one is offered to no IDE.
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub engine: String,
+    /// Marketplace categories (`CATEGORIES`); an IDE ignores those it doesn't know.
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub categories: Vec<String>,
+}
+
+impl IndexEntry {
+    /// Whether this IDE can load the version.
+    pub fn compatible(&self) -> bool {
+        crate::engine_compatible(&self.engine, false)
+    }
+
+    fn semver(&self) -> Option<semver::Version> {
+        semver::Version::parse(&self.version).ok()
+    }
+}
+
+/// `engines.openidea` of a manifest narrowed to the API its component was built
+/// for (`major.minor`, if it has code): the requirement an index lists.
+pub fn engine_requirement(manifest_engine: &str, built_for: Option<&semver::Version>) -> String {
+    match built_for {
+        Some(v) => format!("{manifest_engine}, ^{}.{}", v.major, v.minor),
+        None => manifest_engine.to_owned(),
+    }
 }

 /// A plugin (all versions when `versions` is empty) that must not run.
@@ -294,12 +373,71 @@ pub struct Revocation {
 }

 impl Index {
+    /// Parses an index. One in a newer format keeps what must reach every IDE —
+    /// revocations, publisher keys (revoked ones) and `moved` — and lists no
+    /// plugins ([`Index::is_newer`]): the IDE needs updating to install from it.
    pub fn parse(text: &str) -> Result<Self, String> {
-        let index: Index = serde_json::from_str(text).map_err(|e| format!("index: {e}"))?;
-        if index.format != INDEX_FORMAT {
-            return Err(format!("index format {} is not supported (this IDE reads {INDEX_FORMAT})", index.format));
+        let value: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(text).map_err(|e| format!("index: {e}"))?;
+        let format = value.get("format").and_then(serde_json::Value::as_u64).ok_or("index: `format` is missing")?;
+        if format == u64::from(INDEX_FORMAT) {
+            return serde_json::from_value(value).map_err(|e| format!("index: {e}"));
        }
-        Ok(index)
+        if format < u64::from(INDEX_FORMAT) {
+            return Err(format!("index format {format} is not supported (this IDE reads {INDEX_FORMAT})"));
+        }
+        fn each<T: serde::de::DeserializeOwned>(value: &serde_json::Value, field: &str) -> Vec<T> {
+            let items = value.get(field).and_then(serde_json::Value::as_array);
+            items.into_iter().flatten().filter_map(|v| serde_json::from_value(v.clone()).ok()).collect()
+        }
+        Ok(Index {
+            format: u32::try_from(format).unwrap_or(u32::MAX),
+            publishers: each(&value, "publishers"),
+            plugins: Vec::new(),
+            revoked: each(&value, "revoked"),
+            moved: value.get("moved").and_then(serde_json::Value::as_str).map(str::to_owned),
+        })
+    }
+
+    /// Written in a format newer than this IDE reads: it lists no plugins.
+    pub fn is_newer(&self) -> bool {
+        self.format > INDEX_FORMAT
+    }
+
+    /// The version of each plugin to offer, and whether this IDE can load it:
+    /// the newest it can load, else the newest. Revoked versions are skipped;
+    /// plugins come in the order they are first listed.
+    pub fn offered(&self) -> Vec<(&IndexEntry, bool)> {
+        let mut ids: Vec<&str> = Vec::new();
+        for e in &self.plugins {
+            if !ids.contains(&e.id.as_str()) {
+                ids.push(&e.id);
+            }
+        }
+        ids.into_iter()
+            .filter_map(|id| {
+                let versions: Vec<&IndexEntry> =
+                    self.plugins.iter().filter(|e| e.id == id && self.revocation(id, &e.version).is_none()).collect();
+                let newest = |loadable: bool| {
+                    versions.iter().copied().filter(|e| !loadable || e.compatible()).max_by_key(|e| e.semver())
+                };
+                newest(true).map(|e| (e, true)).or_else(|| newest(false).map(|e| (e, false)))
+            })
+            .collect()
+    }
+
+    /// Drops the versions no IDE would pick: revoked ones, and of each plugin
+    /// all but the newest version per API requirement.
+    pub fn prune_versions(&mut self) {
+        let plugins = std::mem::take(&mut self.plugins);
+        let mut kept: Vec<IndexEntry> = Vec::new();
+        for e in plugins.into_iter().filter(|e| self.revocation(&e.id, &e.version).is_none()) {
+            match kept.iter_mut().find(|k| k.id == e.id && k.engine == e.engine) {
+                Some(k) if e.semver() > k.semver() => *k = e,
+                Some(_) => {}
+                None => kept.push(e),
+            }
+        }
+        self.plugins = kept;
    }

    /// The revocation that applies to `id` at `version`.
@@ -335,6 +473,127 @@ impl Index {
        sig.check(id, version, digest)?;
        Ok(publisher.id.clone())
    }
+
+    /// Whether `to` is `from`, or a key of `publisher` that `from` endorsed,
+    /// directly or through keys it endorsed. Endorsements by revoked keys don't
+    /// count: whoever stole a key could vouch for their own.
+    pub fn succeeds(&self, publisher: &str, from: &str, to: &str) -> bool {
+        let keys = self.publishers.iter().find(|p| p.id == publisher).map_or(&[][..], |p| &p.keys[..]);
+        let mut key = to;
+        // Each step moves to an earlier key; more steps than keys is a loop.
+        for _ in 0..=keys.len() {
+            if key == from {
+                return true;
+            }
+            let Some(e) = keys.iter().find(|k| k.key == key).and_then(|k| k.endorsement.as_ref()) else {
+                return false;
+            };
+            let endorser_valid = keys.iter().any(|k| k.key == e.key && !k.revoked);
+            if !endorser_valid || verify_ed25519(&e.key, &endorsement_message(publisher, key), &e.signature) != Ok(true)
+            {
+                return false;
+            }
+            key = &e.key;
+        }
+        false
+    }
+
+    /// Makes `roots` (base64) the keys `publisher` signs with, whatever this
+    /// index says: another key it lists stays only when a root endorsed it (a
+    /// rotation the roots vouched for). Revocations of the keys are kept.
+    pub fn pin_publisher(&mut self, publisher: &str, name: &str, roots: &[String]) {
+        if roots.is_empty() {
+            return;
+        }
+        let i = match self.publishers.iter().position(|p| p.id == publisher) {
+            Some(i) => i,
+            None => {
+                self.publishers.push(Publisher { id: publisher.into(), name: name.into(), keys: Vec::new() });
+                self.publishers.len() - 1
+            }
+        };
+        for root in roots {
+            if !self.publishers[i].keys.iter().any(|k| &k.key == root) {
+                self.publishers[i].keys.push(KeyEntry::new(root.clone()));
+            }
+        }
+        let keys = self.publishers[i].keys.clone();
+        let trusted = keys
+            .into_iter()
+            .filter(|k| roots.iter().any(|r| self.succeeds(publisher, r, &k.key)))
+            .map(|k| if roots.contains(&k.key) { KeyEntry { endorsement: None, ..k } } else { k })
+            .collect();
+        self.publishers[i].keys = trusted;
+    }
+
+    /// Replaces what this index lists for every publisher but `keep` with what
+    /// `other` lists: its publishers, their plugins and their revocations
+    /// (`other`'s downloads should already be absolute). `other` may only
+    /// speak for its own publishers, and none of them may be in `keep`.
+    pub fn include(&mut self, other: Index, keep: &[&str]) -> Result<(), String> {
+        let mut theirs: Vec<&str> = Vec::new();
+        for p in &other.publishers {
+            if !publisher_id_ok(&p.id) {
+                return Err(format!("invalid publisher id {:?}: use a-z, 0-9, '-' and '_'", p.id));
+            }
+            if keep.contains(&p.id.as_str()) {
+                return Err(format!("may not list publisher {:?}", p.id));
+            }
+            if theirs.contains(&p.id.as_str()) {
+                return Err(format!("publisher {:?} is listed twice", p.id));
+            }
+            theirs.push(&p.id);
+        }
+        let owned_by = |id: &str| theirs.iter().any(|p| owns(p, id));
+        for e in &other.plugins {
+            if !theirs.contains(&e.publisher.as_str()) || !owns(&e.publisher, &e.id) {
+                return Err(format!("{}: not a plugin of publisher {:?}", e.id, e.publisher));
+            }
+            if semver::VersionReq::parse(&e.engine).is_err() {
+                return Err(format!("{} {}: `engine` must be the plugin API it needs", e.id, e.version));
+            }
+        }
+        if let Some(r) = other.revoked.iter().find(|r| !owned_by(&r.id)) {
+            return Err(format!("{}: revoked by an index that doesn't publish it", r.id));
+        }
+        let kept = |id: &str| keep.iter().any(|p| owns(p, id));
+        self.publishers.retain(|p| keep.contains(&p.id.as_str()));
+        self.plugins.retain(|e| keep.contains(&e.publisher.as_str()));
+        self.revoked.retain(|r| kept(&r.id));
+        self.publishers.extend(other.publishers);
+        self.plugins.extend(other.plugins);
+        self.revoked.extend(other.revoked);
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}
+
+/// Whether a package signed `new` (`None`: unsigned) may replace an installed
+/// one signed `installed` without asking the user: signed with the same key,
+/// or with one the installed key endorsed (per `index`). An unsigned installed
+/// copy pins nothing.
+pub fn signer_continues(
+    index: Option<&Index>,
+    installed: Option<&PackageSignature>,
+    new: Option<&PackageSignature>,
+) -> bool {
+    match (installed, new) {
+        (None, _) => true,
+        (Some(_), None) => false,
+        (Some(old), Some(new)) => {
+            old.publisher == new.publisher
+                && (old.key == new.key || index.is_some_and(|i| i.succeeds(&new.publisher, &old.key, &new.key)))
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// Whether the plugin `id` is in `publisher`'s namespace.
+fn owns(publisher: &str, id: &str) -> bool {
+    id.strip_prefix(publisher).is_some_and(|rest| rest.starts_with('.'))
+}
+
+/// A publisher id is a single segment of a plugin id.
+pub fn publisher_id_ok(id: &str) -> bool {
+    !id.contains('.') && crate::validate_plugin_id(id).is_ok()
 }

 #[cfg(test)]
@@ -354,7 +613,7 @@ mod tests {
            publishers: vec![Publisher {
                id: "acme".into(),
                name: "ACME".into(),
-                keys: vec![KeyEntry { key: key.public_base64(), revoked: false }],
+                keys: vec![KeyEntry::new(key.public_base64())],
            }],
            plugins: Vec::new(),
            revoked: vec![Revocation {
@@ -362,6 +621,7 @@ mod tests {
                versions: vec!["1.0.0".into()],
                reason: "malware".into(),
            }],
+            moved: None,
        }
    }

@@ -399,6 +659,138 @@ mod tests {
        assert_eq!(PublisherKey::from_base64(&key.seed_base64()).unwrap().public_base64(), key.public_base64());
    }

+    fn entry(id: &str, publisher: &str) -> IndexEntry {
+        IndexEntry {
+            id: id.into(),
+            name: id.into(),
+            version: "1.0.0".into(),
+            description: String::new(),
+            authors: Vec::new(),
+            publisher: publisher.into(),
+            download: format!("https://example.com/{id}.oiplugin"),
+            digest: "d".into(),
+            capabilities: Vec::new(),
+            engine: "^1.0".into(),
+            categories: Vec::new(),
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn version(id: &str, version: &str, engine: &str) -> IndexEntry {
+        IndexEntry { version: version.into(), engine: engine.into(), ..entry(id, "acme") }
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn the_ide_is_offered_the_newest_version_it_can_load() {
+        let host = crate::ENGINE_VERSION;
+        let newer = semver::Version::parse(host).unwrap().major + 1;
+        let mut index = Index {
+            format: INDEX_FORMAT,
+            plugins: vec![
+                version("acme.a", "1.0.0", &format!("^{host}")),
+                version("acme.a", "1.2.0", &format!("^{host}")),
+                version("acme.a", "2.0.0", &format!("^{newer}.0")),
+                version("acme.b", "0.1.0", &format!("^{newer}.0")),
+                version("acme.b", "0.2.0", &format!("^{newer}.1")),
+                version("acme.c", "1.0.0", ""),
+                version("acme.c", "1.1.0", ""),
+            ],
+            revoked: vec![Revocation { id: "acme.c".into(), versions: vec!["1.1.0".into()], reason: "r".into() }],
+            ..Index::default()
+        };
+        let offered = |index: &Index| {
+            index.offered().into_iter().map(|(e, ok)| (e.id.clone(), e.version.clone(), ok)).collect::<Vec<_>>()
+        };
+        let expected = [
+            ("acme.a".to_owned(), "1.2.0".to_owned(), true),
+            ("acme.b".to_owned(), "0.2.0".to_owned(), false),
+            // No `engine`: listed, but no IDE installs it.
+            ("acme.c".to_owned(), "1.0.0".to_owned(), false),
+        ];
+        assert_eq!(offered(&index), expected);
+
+        // Pruning keeps the newest version per requirement, which changes nothing offered.
+        index.prune_versions();
+        let left: Vec<_> = index.plugins.iter().map(|e| format!("{} {}", e.id, e.version)).collect();
+        assert_eq!(left, ["acme.a 1.2.0", "acme.a 2.0.0", "acme.b 0.1.0", "acme.b 0.2.0", "acme.c 1.0.0"]);
+        assert_eq!(offered(&index), expected);
+
+        let built_for = semver::Version::new(1, 3, 0);
+        assert_eq!(engine_requirement("^1.0", Some(&built_for)), "^1.0, ^1.3");
+        assert_eq!(engine_requirement("^1.0", None), "^1.0");
+        assert!(semver::VersionReq::parse(&engine_requirement("^1.0", Some(&built_for))).is_ok());
+    }
+
+    fn publisher(id: &str) -> Publisher {
+        Publisher { id: id.into(), name: id.into(), keys: vec![KeyEntry::new(format!("{id}-key"))] }
+    }
+
+    fn revocation(id: &str) -> Revocation {
+        Revocation { id: id.into(), versions: Vec::new(), reason: "r".into() }
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn including_an_index_replaces_everything_but_the_kept_publishers() {
+        let mut official = Index {
+            format: INDEX_FORMAT,
+            publishers: vec![publisher("openidea"), publisher("gone")],
+            plugins: vec![entry("openidea.a", "openidea"), entry("gone.x", "gone")],
+            revoked: vec![revocation("openidea.old"), revocation("gone.x")],
+            moved: None,
+        };
+        let community = Index {
+            format: INDEX_FORMAT,
+            publishers: vec![publisher("alice")],
+            plugins: vec![entry("alice.arthas", "alice")],
+            revoked: vec![revocation("alice.bad")],
+            moved: None,
+        };
+        official.include(community.clone(), &["openidea"]).unwrap();
+        let ids = |v: &[IndexEntry]| v.iter().map(|e| e.id.clone()).collect::<Vec<_>>();
+        assert_eq!(official.publishers.iter().map(|p| p.id.as_str()).collect::<Vec<_>>(), ["openidea", "alice"]);
+        assert_eq!(ids(&official.plugins), ["openidea.a", "alice.arthas"]);
+        assert_eq!(official.revoked.iter().map(|r| r.id.as_str()).collect::<Vec<_>>(), ["openidea.old", "alice.bad"]);
+
+        // Including again is idempotent.
+        let once = official.clone();
+        official.include(community.clone(), &["openidea"]).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(official, once);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn an_included_index_speaks_only_for_its_own_publishers() {
+        let base = Index { format: INDEX_FORMAT, publishers: vec![publisher("openidea")], ..Index::default() };
+        let with = |publishers: Vec<Publisher>, plugins: Vec<IndexEntry>, revoked: Vec<Revocation>| Index {
+            format: INDEX_FORMAT,
+            publishers,
+            plugins,
+            revoked,
+            moved: None,
+        };
+        let cases = [
+            (with(vec![publisher("openidea")], vec![], vec![]), "may not list"),
+            (with(vec![publisher("alice"), publisher("alice")], vec![], vec![]), "listed twice"),
+            (with(vec![publisher("openidea.x")], vec![], vec![]), "invalid publisher"),
+            (with(vec![publisher("alice")], vec![entry("openidea.a", "alice")], vec![]), "not a plugin of"),
+            (with(vec![publisher("alice")], vec![entry("alice.a", "bob")], vec![]), "not a plugin of"),
+            (with(vec![publisher("alice")], vec![entry("alicex.a", "alice")], vec![]), "not a plugin of"),
+            (with(vec![publisher("alice")], vec![], vec![revocation("openidea.a")]), "doesn't publish"),
+            (
+                with(
+                    vec![publisher("alice")],
+                    vec![IndexEntry { engine: String::new(), ..entry("alice.a", "alice") }],
+                    vec![],
+                ),
+                "`engine`",
+            ),
+        ];
+        for (other, error) in cases {
+            let mut index = base.clone();
+            let err = index.include(other, &["openidea"]).unwrap_err();
+            assert!(err.contains(error), "{err}");
+            assert_eq!(index, base);
+        }
+    }
+
    #[test]
    fn unpacking_refuses_paths_leaving_the_package() {
        let tmp = tempfile::tempdir().unwrap();
@@ -413,7 +805,7 @@ mod tests {
        let err = unpack(&out, &tmp.path().join("dest")).unwrap_err();
        assert!(err.contains("invalid path"), "{err}");
        assert!(!tmp.path().join("outside.txt").exists());
-        assert!(Index::parse(r#"{"format": 2}"#).is_err());
+        assert!(Index::parse(r#"{"format": 2}"#).unwrap().is_newer());
    }

    fn zip_of(path: &Path, entries: &[(&str, &str)]) {
@@ -462,4 +854,102 @@ mod tests {
            assert!(err.contains("is not an OpenIDEA plugin"), "{name}: {err}");
        }
    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn a_newer_index_still_revokes_and_moves() {
+        let newer = format!(
+            r#"{{"format": {}, "plugins": [{{"anything": "new"}}], "shape": "changed",
+                "publishers": [{{"id": "acme", "name": "ACME", "keys": [{{"key": "k1", "revoked": true}}]}}, {{"id": 5}}],
+                "revoked": [{{"id": "acme.bad", "reason": "malware"}}, {{"oops": 1}}],
+                "moved": "https://example.com/next.json"}}"#,
+            INDEX_FORMAT + 1
+        );
+        let index = Index::parse(&newer).unwrap();
+        assert!(index.is_newer());
+        assert!(index.plugins.is_empty() && index.offered().is_empty());
+        assert_eq!(index.revocation("acme.bad", "2.0.0").unwrap().reason, "malware");
+        assert!(index.key_revoked("k1"));
+        assert_eq!(index.moved.as_deref(), Some("https://example.com/next.json"));
+        // Fields this IDE doesn't know are ignored in its own format.
+        let current = format!(r#"{{"format": {INDEX_FORMAT}, "later": true, "plugins": []}}"#);
+        assert!(!Index::parse(&current).unwrap().is_newer());
+        assert!(Index::parse(r#"{"format": 0}"#).unwrap_err().contains("not supported"));
+        assert!(Index::parse(r#"{"plugins": []}"#).is_err());
+    }
+
+    fn keys<'a>(index: &'a mut Index, publisher: &str) -> &'a mut Vec<KeyEntry> {
+        &mut index.publishers.iter_mut().find(|p| p.id == publisher).unwrap().keys
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn rotated_keys_continue_through_endorsements() {
+        let (k1, k2, k3) =
+            (PublisherKey::from_seed([1; 32]), PublisherKey::from_seed([2; 32]), PublisherKey::from_seed([3; 32]));
+        let mut index = index(&k1);
+        let endorsed = |by: &PublisherKey, key: &PublisherKey| KeyEntry {
+            endorsement: Some(by.endorse("acme", &key.public_base64())),
+            ..KeyEntry::new(key.public_base64())
+        };
+        keys(&mut index, "acme").push(endorsed(&k1, &k2));
+        keys(&mut index, "acme").push(endorsed(&k2, &k3));
+        let (p1, p2, p3) = (k1.public_base64(), k2.public_base64(), k3.public_base64());
+        assert!(index.succeeds("acme", &p1, &p1));
+        assert!(index.succeeds("acme", &p1, &p3), "through k2");
+        assert!(!index.succeeds("acme", &p3, &p1), "not backwards");
+        assert!(!index.succeeds("other", &p1, &p2));
+        // An endorsement for another publisher, or by a revoked key, doesn't count.
+        let mut foreign = index.clone();
+        keys(&mut foreign, "acme")[1].endorsement = Some(k1.endorse("evil", &p2));
+        assert!(!foreign.succeeds("acme", &p1, &p2));
+        let mut stolen = index.clone();
+        keys(&mut stolen, "acme")[0].revoked = true;
+        assert!(!stolen.succeeds("acme", &p1, &p2));
+
+        let sig = |key: &PublisherKey| key.sign("acme", "acme.tools", "1.0.0", "d");
+        assert!(signer_continues(Some(&index), Some(&sig(&k1)), Some(&sig(&k3))));
+        assert!(signer_continues(None, Some(&sig(&k1)), Some(&sig(&k1))));
+        assert!(!signer_continues(None, Some(&sig(&k1)), Some(&sig(&k2))), "no index to vouch");
+        let stranger = PublisherKey::from_seed([4; 32]);
+        assert!(!signer_continues(Some(&index), Some(&sig(&k1)), Some(&sig(&stranger))));
+        assert!(!signer_continues(Some(&index), Some(&sig(&k1)), None), "signed, then unsigned");
+        assert!(signer_continues(Some(&index), None, Some(&sig(&stranger))), "unsigned pins nothing");
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn pinned_publishers_keep_their_built_in_keys() {
+        let (root, next, intruder) =
+            (PublisherKey::from_seed([1; 32]), PublisherKey::from_seed([2; 32]), PublisherKey::from_seed([5; 32]));
+        let mut index = index(&intruder);
+        index.publishers[0].id = "openidea".into();
+        keys(&mut index, "openidea").push(KeyEntry {
+            endorsement: Some(root.endorse("openidea", &next.public_base64())),
+            ..KeyEntry::new(next.public_base64())
+        });
+        let roots = [root.public_base64()];
+        let listed = |index: &Index| -> Vec<(String, bool)> {
+            let mut index = index.clone();
+            index.pin_publisher("openidea", "OpenIDEA", &roots);
+            keys(&mut index, "openidea").iter().map(|k| (k.key.clone(), k.revoked)).collect()
+        };
+        // The intruder's key goes, the successor the root endorsed stays, the root is added.
+        assert_eq!(listed(&index), [(next.public_base64(), false), (root.public_base64(), false)]);
+        let mut pinned = index.clone();
+        pinned.pin_publisher("openidea", "OpenIDEA", &roots);
+        let digest = "d";
+        let signed = |k: &PublisherKey| k.sign("openidea", "openidea.tools", "1.0.0", digest);
+        assert!(pinned.verify(&signed(&intruder), "openidea.tools", "1.0.0", digest).is_err());
+        assert!(pinned.verify(&signed(&next), "openidea.tools", "1.0.0", digest).is_ok());
+        // A revoked root stays revoked, and what it endorsed is no longer trusted.
+        keys(&mut index, "openidea").push(KeyEntry { revoked: true, ..KeyEntry::new(root.public_base64()) });
+        assert_eq!(listed(&index), [(root.public_base64(), true)]);
+
+        // A publisher missing from the index is added with its roots.
+        let mut empty = Index { format: INDEX_FORMAT, ..Index::default() };
+        empty.pin_publisher("openidea", "OpenIDEA", &[root.public_base64()]);
+        assert_eq!(empty.verify(&signed(&root), "openidea.tools", "1.0.0", digest).unwrap(), "openidea");
+        // No roots: the index decides.
+        let mut open = index.clone();
+        open.pin_publisher("openidea", "OpenIDEA", &[]);
+        assert_eq!(open, index);
+    }
 }
@@ -21,6 +21,18 @@ pub struct FontFamily {
    pub monospaced: bool,
 }

+/// PANOSE bProportion value 9 means "Monospaced"; DirectWrite's
+/// `IsMonospacedFont` alone misses fonts that only carry this classification.
+const PANOSE_MONOSPACED: u8 = 9;
+
+/// One face counts as monospaced when the font system flags it fixed pitch, its
+/// PANOSE proportion is "Monospaced", or its glyph advances are uniform
+/// (fonts with wrong/missing metadata, e.g. bitmap-style TTFs).
+#[cfg_attr(not(windows), allow(dead_code))]
+fn face_is_mono(is_monospaced_font: bool, panose_proportion: u8, advances_equal: bool) -> bool {
+    is_monospaced_font || panose_proportion == PANOSE_MONOSPACED || advances_equal
+}
+
 type Cache = Mutex<Option<Arc<[FontFamily]>>>;

 /// The installed families, sorted case-insensitively, read on first use and
@@ -195,7 +207,9 @@ mod imp {
        // SAFETY: CoreText descriptors carry documented CFString, CFURL and trait dictionary values.
        unsafe {
            let collection = CTFontCollection::from_available_fonts(None);
-            let Some(descriptors) = collection.matching_font_descriptors() else { return Vec::new() };
+            let Some(descriptors) = collection.matching_font_descriptors() else {
+                return Vec::new();
+            };
            let mut seen = std::collections::BTreeSet::new();
            descriptors
                .cast_unchecked::<CTFontDescriptor>()
@@ -271,14 +285,16 @@ mod imp {

 #[cfg(windows)]
 mod imp {
+    use std::os::windows::ffi::OsStrExt;
+    use windows::Win32::Graphics::DirectWrite::IDWriteFontFace1;
    use windows::Win32::Graphics::DirectWrite::{
-        DWRITE_FACTORY_TYPE_SHARED, DWRITE_FONT_STRETCH_NORMAL, DWRITE_FONT_STYLE_NORMAL, DWRITE_FONT_WEIGHT_NORMAL,
-        DWriteCreateFactory, IDWriteFactory, IDWriteFont1, IDWriteLocalizedStrings,
+        DWRITE_FACTORY_TYPE_SHARED, DWriteCreateFactory, IDWriteFactory, IDWriteFactory3, IDWriteFactory5, IDWriteFont,
+        IDWriteFont1, IDWriteFontCollection, IDWriteFontFamily, IDWriteLocalizedStrings,
    };
-    use windows::core::{BOOL, Interface, w};
+    use windows::core::{BOOL, Interface, PCWSTR, w};

-    /// The system font collection's families, named in English when the
-    /// family has an English name (what CSS matches), else its first name.
+    /// The installed families, named in English when the family has an
+    /// English name (what CSS matches), else its first name.
    pub(crate) fn list(refresh: bool) -> Vec<(String, bool)> {
        // SAFETY: plain DirectWrite COM calls on interfaces we own.
        unsafe { read(refresh) }.unwrap_or_default()
@@ -286,11 +302,85 @@ mod imp {

    unsafe fn read(refresh: bool) -> windows::core::Result<Vec<(String, bool)>> {
        let factory: IDWriteFactory = unsafe { DWriteCreateFactory(DWRITE_FACTORY_TYPE_SHARED) }?;
+        let mut faces = Vec::new();
+        // Windows 10+: the newer collection covers registered per-user fonts.
+        // Exclude downloadable fonts that are not installed on this machine.
+        // Bitmap .FON fonts (e.g. the stock raster Fixedsys) are invisible to
+        // DirectWrite either way: it only reads TrueType/OpenType files.
        let mut collection = None;
-        unsafe { factory.GetSystemFontCollection(&mut collection, refresh) }?;
-        let Some(collection) = collection else {
-            return Ok(Vec::new());
+        if let Ok(factory3) = factory.cast::<IDWriteFactory3>() {
+            let mut local = None;
+            if unsafe { factory3.GetSystemFontCollection(false, &mut local, refresh) }.is_ok() {
+                collection = local.map(Into::into);
+            }
+        }
+        if collection.is_none() {
+            unsafe { factory.GetSystemFontCollection(&mut collection, refresh) }?;
+        }
+        if let Some(collection) = collection {
+            faces.extend(collect(&collection));
+        }
+        // DirectWrite enumerates via the font registry, so font files copied
+        // into the per-user directory without registering (no HKCU entry)
+        // are invisible to the calls above; scan the directory directly.
+        faces.extend(unsafe { user_dir_faces(&factory) });
+        Ok(faces)
+    }
+
+    /// Families from `%LOCALAPPDATA%\Microsoft\Windows\Fonts` files, registered
+    /// or not, via a font set built from the files on disk.
+    unsafe fn user_dir_faces(factory: &IDWriteFactory) -> Vec<(String, bool)> {
+        let Some(local_app_data) = std::env::var_os("LOCALAPPDATA") else {
+            return Vec::new();
        };
+        let dir = std::path::Path::new(&local_app_data).join(r"Microsoft\Windows\Fonts");
+        let Ok(entries) = std::fs::read_dir(&dir) else {
+            return Vec::new();
+        };
+        let files: Vec<_> = entries
+            .filter_map(|e| e.ok())
+            .map(|e| e.path())
+            .filter(|p| {
+                matches!(
+                    p.extension().and_then(|e| e.to_str()).map(|e| e.to_ascii_lowercase()).as_deref(),
+                    Some("ttf" | "otf" | "ttc" | "otc")
+                )
+            })
+            .collect();
+        unsafe { file_faces(factory, &files) }
+    }
+
+    unsafe fn file_faces(factory: &IDWriteFactory, files: &[std::path::PathBuf]) -> Vec<(String, bool)> {
+        if files.is_empty() {
+            return Vec::new();
+        }
+        let Ok(factory3) = factory.cast::<IDWriteFactory3>() else {
+            return Vec::new();
+        };
+        let Ok(factory5) = factory.cast::<IDWriteFactory5>() else {
+            return Vec::new();
+        };
+        let Ok(builder) = (unsafe { factory5.CreateFontSetBuilder() }) else {
+            return Vec::new();
+        };
+        for path in files {
+            let wide: Vec<u16> = path.as_os_str().encode_wide().chain(Some(0)).collect();
+            // SAFETY: wide is a valid NUL-terminated string for the calls.
+            let Ok(file) = (unsafe { factory.CreateFontFileReference(PCWSTR(wide.as_ptr()), None) }) else {
+                continue;
+            };
+            let _ = unsafe { builder.AddFontFile(&file) };
+        }
+        let Ok(set) = (unsafe { builder.CreateFontSet() }) else {
+            return Vec::new();
+        };
+        let Ok(collection) = (unsafe { factory3.CreateFontCollectionFromFontSet(&set) }) else {
+            return Vec::new();
+        };
+        collect(&collection)
+    }
+
+    fn collect(collection: &IDWriteFontCollection) -> Vec<(String, bool)> {
        let mut out = Vec::new();
        for i in 0..unsafe { collection.GetFontFamilyCount() } {
            let Ok(family) = (unsafe { collection.GetFontFamily(i) }) else {
@@ -299,19 +389,120 @@ mod imp {
            let Some(name) = unsafe { family.GetFamilyNames() }.ok().and_then(|n| unsafe { english(&n) }) else {
                continue;
            };
-            let mono = unsafe {
-                family.GetFirstMatchingFont(
-                    DWRITE_FONT_WEIGHT_NORMAL,
-                    DWRITE_FONT_STRETCH_NORMAL,
-                    DWRITE_FONT_STYLE_NORMAL,
-                )
-            }
-            .ok()
-            .and_then(|f| f.cast::<IDWriteFont1>().ok())
-            .is_some_and(|f| unsafe { f.IsMonospacedFont() }.as_bool());
-            out.push((name, mono));
+            out.push((name, unsafe { family_is_mono(&family) }));
+        }
+        out
+    }
+
+    /// A family is monospaced when any face reports fixed pitch, PANOSE
+    /// proportion 9, or uniform glyph advances; probing every face matches
+    /// `normalize`'s any-face merge (macOS and Linux already flag every face,
+    /// not just the regular one).
+    unsafe fn family_is_mono(family: &IDWriteFontFamily) -> bool {
+        (0..unsafe { family.GetFontCount() }).any(|i| {
+            let Ok(font) = (unsafe { family.GetFont(i) }) else {
+                return false;
+            };
+            if let Ok(font1) = font.cast::<IDWriteFont1>() {
+                let is_monospaced = unsafe { font1.IsMonospacedFont() }.as_bool();
+                // The proportion byte is defined for text/display fonts only.
+                let panose = unsafe { font1.GetPanose().values };
+                let panose_proportion = if panose[0] == 2 { panose[3] } else { 0 };
+                if super::face_is_mono(is_monospaced, panose_proportion, false) {
+                    return true;
+                }
+            }
+            unsafe { advances_equal(&font) }
+        })
+    }
+
+    /// Some monospaced fonts carry no fixed-pitch metadata at all (bitmap-style
+    /// TTFs like Fixedsys Excelsior): compare the advance widths of 'i' and
+    /// 'W'. Dual-width CJK monospace fonts pass too (both half-width).
+    unsafe fn advances_equal(font: &IDWriteFont) -> bool {
+        let Ok(face) = (unsafe { font.CreateFontFace() }) else {
+            return false;
+        };
+        let Ok(face1) = face.cast::<IDWriteFontFace1>() else {
+            return false;
+        };
+        let codepoints = ['i' as u32, 'W' as u32];
+        let mut indices = [0u16; 2];
+        if unsafe { face.GetGlyphIndices(codepoints.as_ptr(), 2, indices.as_mut_ptr()) }.is_err()
+            || indices.contains(&0)
+        {
+            return false;
+        }
+        let mut advances = [0i32; 2];
+        unsafe { face1.GetDesignGlyphAdvances(2, indices.as_ptr(), advances.as_mut_ptr(), false) }.is_ok()
+            && advances[0] > 0
+            && advances[0] == advances[1]
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn glyph_probe_distinguishes_monospace_proportional_and_symbol_fonts() {
+        unsafe {
+            let factory: IDWriteFactory = DWriteCreateFactory(DWRITE_FACTORY_TYPE_SHARED).unwrap();
+            let mut collection = None;
+            factory.GetSystemFontCollection(&mut collection, false).unwrap();
+            let collection = collection.unwrap();
+            for (name, expected) in [
+                ("Consolas", true),
+                ("Arial", false),
+                ("Times New Roman", false),
+                ("Wingdings", false),
+                ("Webdings", false),
+                ("Segoe MDL2 Assets", false),
+            ] {
+                let wide: Vec<_> = name.encode_utf16().chain(Some(0)).collect();
+                let mut index = 0;
+                let mut exists = BOOL(0);
+                collection.FindFamilyName(PCWSTR(wide.as_ptr()), &mut index, &mut exists).unwrap();
+                assert!(exists.as_bool(), "{name} ships with Windows");
+                let family = collection.GetFontFamily(index).unwrap();
+                for i in 0..family.GetFontCount() {
+                    let font = family.GetFont(i).unwrap();
+                    assert_eq!(advances_equal(&font), expected, "{name} face {i}");
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn font_files_include_every_family_in_a_collection() {
+        let path = std::path::PathBuf::from(std::env::var_os("WINDIR").unwrap()).join(r"Fonts\cambria.ttc");
+        unsafe {
+            let factory: IDWriteFactory = DWriteCreateFactory(DWRITE_FACTORY_TYPE_SHARED).unwrap();
+            let faces = file_faces(&factory, &[path]);
+            for name in ["Cambria", "Cambria Math"] {
+                assert!(faces.iter().any(|(family, _)| family == name), "missing {name}: {faces:?}");
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn excludes_families_available_only_as_downloads() {
+        use windows::Win32::Graphics::DirectWrite::{DWRITE_E_REMOTEFONT, DWRITE_LOCALITY_LOCAL, IDWriteFont3};
+
+        unsafe {
+            let factory: IDWriteFactory = DWriteCreateFactory(DWRITE_FACTORY_TYPE_SHARED).unwrap();
+            let factory3: IDWriteFactory3 = factory.cast().unwrap();
+            let set = factory3.GetSystemFontSet().unwrap();
+            let collection = factory3.CreateFontCollectionFromFontSet(&set).unwrap();
+            let listed = super::normalize(read(false).unwrap());
+            let user = super::normalize(user_dir_faces(&factory));
+            for i in 0..collection.GetFontFamilyCount() {
+                let family = collection.GetFontFamily(i).unwrap();
+                let name = english(&family.GetFamilyNames().unwrap()).unwrap();
+                let remote_only = (0..family.GetFontCount()).all(|j| match family.GetFont(j) {
+                    Ok(font) => font.cast::<IDWriteFont3>().unwrap().GetLocality() != DWRITE_LOCALITY_LOCAL,
+                    Err(error) => error.code() == DWRITE_E_REMOTEFONT,
+                });
+                if remote_only && !user.iter().any(|f| f.name == name) {
+                    assert!(!listed.iter().any(|f| f.name == name), "{name} is not installed locally");
+                }
+            }
        }
-        Ok(out)
    }

    unsafe fn english(names: &IDWriteLocalizedStrings) -> Option<String> {
@@ -476,6 +667,15 @@ mod tests {
        );
    }

+    #[test]
+    fn panose_monospaced_proportion_counts_as_mono() {
+        assert!(face_is_mono(true, 0, false));
+        assert!(face_is_mono(false, PANOSE_MONOSPACED, false));
+        assert!(face_is_mono(false, 0, true));
+        assert!(!face_is_mono(false, 0, false));
+        assert!(!face_is_mono(false, 3, false));
+    }
+
    #[test]
    fn fc_list_spacing_marks_monospace() {
        let out = "DejaVu Sans Mono\t100\nDejaVu Sans\t\nNoto Sans Mono CJK SC\t90\nTerminus\t110\nCantarell\nFira\\-Code\tmono\n\t100\n";
@@ -0,0 +1,145 @@
+//! The signed-in GitHub account, independent of any project: its repositories for
+//! "Get from Version Control" › GitHub.
+
+use crate::{GhAvailability, QUICK, classify_failure, command, gh_executable, process};
+use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
+use specta::Type;
+
+/// A repository of the signed-in account (owned, collaborator, or organization member).
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, Deserialize, Type)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct GhAccountRepo {
+    /// `owner/name`.
+    pub name_with_owner: String,
+    pub description: Option<String>,
+    pub private: bool,
+    pub fork: bool,
+    pub archived: bool,
+    /// What `git clone` takes: HTTPS, or SSH when gh's `git_protocol` is `ssh`.
+    pub clone_url: String,
+}
+
+/// The account's repositories, or why they can't be listed.
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, Deserialize, Type)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase", tag = "kind")]
+pub enum GhAccountRepos {
+    Ready {
+        login: String,
+        repos: Vec<GhAccountRepo>,
+    },
+    /// No `gh` executable was found.
+    NotInstalled,
+    /// `gh auth login` has not been run (or the token expired).
+    NotLoggedIn {
+        message: String,
+    },
+    Error {
+        message: String,
+    },
+}
+
+#[derive(Deserialize)]
+struct RestRepo {
+    full_name: String,
+    description: Option<String>,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    private: bool,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    fork: bool,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    archived: bool,
+    clone_url: String,
+    ssh_url: String,
+}
+
+/// `gh api --paginate --slurp user/repos` output: one array per page.
+pub fn parse_account_repos(slurped: &str, ssh: bool) -> Result<Vec<GhAccountRepo>, serde_json::Error> {
+    let pages: Vec<Vec<RestRepo>> = serde_json::from_str(slurped)?;
+    Ok(pages
+        .into_iter()
+        .flatten()
+        .map(|r| GhAccountRepo {
+            name_with_owner: r.full_name,
+            description: r.description.filter(|d| !d.trim().is_empty()),
+            private: r.private,
+            fork: r.fork,
+            archived: r.archived,
+            clone_url: if ssh { r.ssh_url } else { r.clone_url },
+        })
+        .collect())
+}
+
+/// Lists the repositories of the account gh is signed in to, most recently pushed first.
+pub fn account_repositories() -> GhAccountRepos {
+    if gh_executable().is_none() {
+        return GhAccountRepos::NotInstalled;
+    }
+    let dir = std::env::temp_dir();
+    let gh = |args: &[&str]| -> Result<String, GhAccountRepos> {
+        let out = command(&dir, args)
+            .and_then(|cmd| process::run(cmd, QUICK, None))
+            .map_err(|e| GhAccountRepos::Error { message: e.message })?;
+        if out.success {
+            return Ok(out.stdout);
+        }
+        let message = if out.stderr.trim().is_empty() { out.stdout } else { out.stderr };
+        Err(match classify_failure(&message) {
+            GhAvailability::NotLoggedIn { message } => GhAccountRepos::NotLoggedIn { message },
+            _ => GhAccountRepos::Error { message: message.trim().to_owned() },
+        })
+    };
+    let result = (|| {
+        let login = gh(&["api", "user", "--jq", ".login"])?.trim().to_owned();
+        let ssh = gh(&["config", "get", "git_protocol", "--host", "github.com"]).is_ok_and(|p| p.trim() == "ssh");
+        let pages = gh(&[
+            "api",
+            "user/repos?per_page=100&sort=pushed&affiliation=owner,collaborator,organization_member",
+            "--paginate",
+            "--slurp",
+        ])?;
+        let repos = parse_account_repos(&pages, ssh)
+            .map_err(|e| GhAccountRepos::Error { message: format!("unexpected gh output: {e}") })?;
+        Ok(GhAccountRepos::Ready { login, repos })
+    })();
+    result.unwrap_or_else(|e| e)
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn reads_every_page_and_picks_the_configured_protocol() {
+        let pages = r#"[
+          [{"full_name":"me/app","description":"An app","private":true,"fork":false,"archived":false,
+            "clone_url":"https://github.com/me/app.git","ssh_url":"[email protected]:me/app.git"}],
+          [{"full_name":"org/lib","description":"","fork":true,
+            "clone_url":"https://github.com/org/lib.git","ssh_url":"[email protected]:org/lib.git"}]
+        ]"#;
+        let https = parse_account_repos(pages, false).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(
+            https,
+            vec![
+                GhAccountRepo {
+                    name_with_owner: "me/app".into(),
+                    description: Some("An app".into()),
+                    private: true,
+                    fork: false,
+                    archived: false,
+                    clone_url: "https://github.com/me/app.git".into(),
+                },
+                GhAccountRepo {
+                    name_with_owner: "org/lib".into(),
+                    description: None,
+                    private: false,
+                    fork: true,
+                    archived: false,
+                    clone_url: "https://github.com/org/lib.git".into(),
+                },
+            ]
+        );
+        let ssh = parse_account_repos(pages, true).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(ssh[1].clone_url, "[email protected]:org/lib.git");
+        assert!(parse_account_repos("[]", false).unwrap().is_empty());
+    }
+}
@@ -3,9 +3,11 @@
 //!
 //! Every function blocks; callers run them off the UI / command threads.

+mod account;
 mod model;
 mod process;

+pub use account::{GhAccountRepo, GhAccountRepos, account_repositories, parse_account_repos};
 pub use model::*;

 use ide_core::{CancellationToken, IdeError, IdeResult};
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ encoding_rs.workspace = true
 ide-core.workspace = true
 ide-text.workspace = true
 ide-vfs.workspace = true
+regex-syntax.workspace = true
 ide-workspace.workspace = true
 ide-language.workspace = true
 ide-index.workspace = true
@@ -44,6 +45,8 @@ ide-notebook.workspace = true
 ide-extension.workspace = true
 ide-plugin.workspace = true
 ide-tools = { path = "../ide-tools" }
+ide-docker = { path = "../ide-docker" }
+semver = "1"
 serde.workspace = true
 serde_json.workspace = true
 toml.workspace = true
@@ -57,12 +60,13 @@ dunce.workspace = true
 dirs.workspace = true
 uuid.workspace = true
 tempfile.workspace = true
+zip.workspace = true
+quick-xml = "0.42"

 [dev-dependencies]
 ide-ssh = { workspace = true, features = ["testing"] }
 tokio = { workspace = true, features = ["rt-multi-thread", "macros", "io-util", "test-util"] }
 criterion = { version = "0.5", default-features = false }
-zip.workspace = true

 [target.'cfg(unix)'.dependencies]
 rustix = { version = "1.1", features = ["fs", "process"] }
@@ -3,13 +3,15 @@
 //! ```text
 //! openidea-plugin new <dir> [--template command|theme|icon-theme|language] [--id ID] [--name NAME] [--sdk PATH]
 //! openidea-plugin build [dir] [--debug]   # cargo → dist/plugin.wasm, then `check`
-//! openidea-plugin check [dir]             # validate the package as the IDE would install it
+//! openidea-plugin check [dir|package]     # validate the package as the IDE would install it
 //! openidea-plugin link [dir]              # load the folder in the IDE without installing it
 //! openidea-plugin unlink [dir]
 //! openidea-plugin links                   # list linked folders
 //! openidea-plugin keygen <key-file>       # a publisher's Ed25519 key
+//! openidea-plugin endorse <new-public-key> --key OLD --publisher ID   # vouch for a new key
 //! openidea-plugin pack [dir] [--key F --publisher ID] [--out FILE]   # <id>-<version>.oiplugin
-//! openidea-plugin index <dir> --publisher ID --name NAME --key F     # marketplace index.json
+//! openidea-plugin index <dir> [--publisher ID --name NAME --key F [--previous-key F]]   # marketplace index.json
+//! openidea-plugin merge <index> <other-index> --keep ID               # list another index's publishers
 //! ```
 //!
 //! `link` writes `links.json` in the IDE's plugins directory
@@ -20,7 +22,7 @@
 mod templates;

 use ide_extension::{Manifest, validate_plugin_id};
-use ide_host::plugins::PluginHost;
+use ide_host::plugins::{PluginHost, read_market_url, resolve_market_href};
 use ide_plugin::{Limits, PluginEngine};
 use std::path::{Path, PathBuf};
 use std::process::{Command, ExitCode};
@@ -31,17 +33,31 @@ usage: openidea-plugin <command> [options]

 commands:
  new <dir> [--template T] [--id ID] [--name NAME] [--sdk PATH]
-        create a plugin; T = command (default), theme, icon-theme, language
+        create a plugin; T = command (default), theme, icon-theme, language. A Rust
+        plugin depends on the SDK of this tool's release (git); --sdk PATH uses a
+        local sdk/rust/openidea-plugin instead
  build [dir] [--debug]   compile a Rust plugin to dist/plugin.wasm and check it
-  check [dir]             validate the package as the IDE would install it
+  check [dir|package]     validate the package (folder or .oiplugin) as the IDE would install it
  link [dir]              load the folder in the IDE without installing it
  unlink [dir]            stop loading a linked folder
  links                   list linked folders
  keygen <key-file>       create a publisher signing key (keep the file secret)
+  endorse <new-public-key> --key F --publisher ID
+                          print an earlier key's endorsement of a new one (JSON), for an
+                          index the publisher doesn't write with `index --previous-key`
  pack [dir] [--key F --publisher ID] [--out FILE]
                          write <id>-<version>.oiplugin, signed with the key
-  index <dir> --publisher ID --name NAME --key F [--out FILE]
-                          write the marketplace index.json for the packages in dir
+  index <dir> [--publisher ID --name NAME --key F [--previous-key F]] [--out FILE]
+        [--download-base URL]
+                          write the marketplace index.json for the packages in dir: with a
+                          key, register it and list that publisher's plugins (earlier
+                          versions stay for older IDEs); without, list only these packages,
+                          each checked against the index's publishers. A new key replacing
+                          an earlier one is endorsed with --previous-key, so installed
+                          plugins update to it without asking
+  merge <index> <other-index> --keep ID [--out FILE]
+                          replace every publisher but ID in index with those of other-index
+                          (a path or URL), their plugins and revocations

 environment:
  OPENIDEA_PLUGINS_DIR    the IDE's plugins directory (default: the app data directory)";
@@ -51,13 +67,15 @@ fn main() -> ExitCode {
    let result = match args.first().map(String::as_str) {
        Some("new") => cmd_new(&args[1..]),
        Some("build") => cmd_build(&args[1..]),
-        Some("check") => dir_arg(&args[1..]).and_then(|d| check(&d)),
+        Some("check") => dir_arg(&args[1..]).and_then(|d| check_path(&d)),
        Some("link") => dir_arg(&args[1..]).and_then(|d| link(&d, true)),
        Some("unlink") => dir_arg(&args[1..]).and_then(|d| link(&d, false)),
        Some("links") => list_links(),
        Some("keygen") => cmd_keygen(&args[1..]),
+        Some("endorse") => cmd_endorse(&args[1..]),
        Some("pack") => cmd_pack(&args[1..]),
        Some("index") => cmd_index(&args[1..]),
+        Some("merge") => cmd_merge(&args[1..]),
        Some("--version" | "-V") => {
            println!("openidea-plugin {} (plugin API {})", env!("CARGO_PKG_VERSION"), ide_extension::ENGINE_VERSION);
            Ok(())
@@ -161,7 +179,7 @@ fn cmd_new(args: &[String]) -> Result<(), String> {
    std::fs::create_dir_all(&dir).map_err(|e| format!("{}: {e}", dir.display()))?;
    let dir = canonical(&dir)?;
    let sdk = match template {
-        templates::Template::Command => Some(sdk_path(a.value("sdk"), &dir)?),
+        templates::Template::Command => Some(sdk_dependency(a.value("sdk"), &dir)?),
        _ => None,
    };
    let vars = templates::Vars { id: &id, name: &name, sdk: sdk.as_deref() };
@@ -216,12 +234,16 @@ fn title_case(s: &str) -> String {
        .join(" ")
 }

-/// The SDK dependency path written into a new plugin's Cargo.toml: `--sdk`,
-/// or the SDK of the source tree this tool was built from.
-fn sdk_path(explicit: Option<&str>, plugin_dir: &Path) -> Result<String, String> {
+/// The SDK dependency written into a new plugin's Cargo.toml: by path with `--sdk`, or
+/// when the plugin is inside the source tree this tool was built from; otherwise the
+/// repository at this tool's release tag.
+fn sdk_dependency(explicit: Option<&str>, plugin_dir: &Path) -> Result<String, String> {
    let sdk = match explicit {
        Some(p) => PathBuf::from(p),
-        None => PathBuf::from(concat!(env!("CARGO_MANIFEST_DIR"), "/../../sdk/rust/openidea-plugin")),
+        None => match dunce::canonicalize(concat!(env!("CARGO_MANIFEST_DIR"), "/../..")) {
+            Ok(tree) if plugin_dir.starts_with(&tree) => tree.join("sdk/rust/openidea-plugin"),
+            _ => return Ok(format!("{{ git = \"{REPOSITORY}\", tag = \"v{}\" }}", env!("CARGO_PKG_VERSION"))),
+        },
    };
    let sdk = dunce::canonicalize(&sdk).map_err(|_| {
        format!("the plugin SDK was not found at {}; pass --sdk <path to sdk/rust/openidea-plugin>", sdk.display())
@@ -230,9 +252,11 @@ fn sdk_path(explicit: Option<&str>, plugin_dir: &Path) -> Result<String, String>
        return Err(format!("{} is not the openidea-plugin SDK (no Cargo.toml)", sdk.display()));
    }
    let path = relative(plugin_dir, &sdk).unwrap_or(sdk);
-    Ok(path.to_string_lossy().replace('\\', "/"))
+    Ok(format!("{{ path = \"{}\" }}", path.to_string_lossy().replace('\\', "/")))
 }

+const REPOSITORY: &str = "https://github.com/l0ng-ai/openidea";
+
 /// `to` relative to `from` when they share a root (keeps packages in a repo movable).
 fn relative(from: &Path, to: &Path) -> Option<PathBuf> {
    let (f, t): (Vec<_>, Vec<_>) = (from.components().collect(), to.components().collect());
@@ -323,10 +347,21 @@ fn ensure_wasm_target() {

 /// Validates `dir` exactly as Install from Disk would, and checks the
 /// component imports only the plugin API.
+/// [`check`] of a folder, or of a package file unpacked as installing would.
+fn check_path(path: &Path) -> Result<(), String> {
+    if !path.is_file() {
+        return check(path);
+    }
+    let tmp = scratch_dir("unpack")?;
+    let dir = tmp.path().join("package");
+    package::unpack(path, &dir).and_then(|_| check(&dir))
+}
+
 fn check(dir: &Path) -> Result<(), String> {
    let dir = canonical(dir)?;
-    let scratch = std::env::temp_dir().join(format!("openidea-plugin-check-{}", std::process::id()));
-    let result = (|| {
+    let tmp = scratch_dir("check")?;
+    let scratch = tmp.path().join("host");
+    (|| {
        let host = PluginHost::new(scratch.clone(), Arc::new(|_: Option<&str>, _| {}), Limits::default())
            .map_err(|e| e.to_string())?;
        let preview = host.preview_install(&dir).map_err(|e| e.to_string())?;
@@ -345,6 +380,17 @@ fn check(dir: &Path) -> Result<(), String> {
        } else {
            println!("  code: none (contributions only)");
        }
+        println!("  categories: {}", manifest.categories().join(", "));
+        for c in manifest.unknown_categories() {
+            println!("  warning: unknown category {c:?} (ignored); use {}", ide_extension::CATEGORIES.join(", "));
+        }
+        if manifest.declared_categories.len() > ide_extension::MAX_CATEGORIES {
+            println!(
+                "  warning: only the first {} known categories are used; {} are declared",
+                ide_extension::MAX_CATEGORIES,
+                manifest.declared_categories.len()
+            );
+        }
        if !manifest.activation.is_empty() {
            let events: Vec<String> = manifest.activation.iter().map(ToString::to_string).collect();
            println!("  activation: {}", events.join(", "));
@@ -361,9 +407,7 @@ fn check(dir: &Path) -> Result<(), String> {
        }
        println!("ok");
        Ok(())
-    })();
-    let _ = std::fs::remove_dir_all(&scratch);
-    result
+    })()
 }

 fn human_size(bytes: u64) -> String {
@@ -479,14 +523,31 @@ fn cmd_keygen(args: &[String]) -> Result<(), String> {
    Ok(())
 }

+fn cmd_endorse(args: &[String]) -> Result<(), String> {
+    let a = Args::parse(args, &[], &["key", "publisher"])?;
+    let usage = "usage: openidea-plugin endorse <new-public-key> --key <earlier-key-file> --publisher ID";
+    let ([new], Some(key), Some(publisher)) = (a.positional.as_slice(), a.value("key"), a.value("publisher")) else {
+        return Err(usage.into());
+    };
+    if !package::publisher_id_ok(publisher) {
+        return Err(format!("invalid publisher id {publisher:?}"));
+    }
+    let endorsement = read_key(key)?.endorse(publisher, new.trim());
+    println!("{}", serde_json::to_string_pretty(&endorsement).map_err(|e| e.to_string())?);
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+/// A fresh scratch directory, removed when dropped.
+fn scratch_dir(what: &str) -> Result<tempfile::TempDir, String> {
+    tempfile::Builder::new().prefix(&format!("openidea-plugin-{what}-")).tempdir().map_err(|e| e.to_string())
+}
+
 /// A scratch host to list a package's files as the IDE would.
 fn with_scratch_host<T>(f: impl FnOnce(&PluginHost) -> Result<T, String>) -> Result<T, String> {
-    let scratch = std::env::temp_dir().join(format!("openidea-plugin-pack-{}", std::process::id()));
-    let result = PluginHost::new(scratch.clone(), Arc::new(|_: Option<&str>, _| {}), Limits::default())
+    let tmp = scratch_dir("host")?;
+    PluginHost::new(tmp.path().join("host"), Arc::new(|_: Option<&str>, _| {}), Limits::default())
        .map_err(|e| e.to_string())
-        .and_then(|h| f(&h));
-    let _ = std::fs::remove_dir_all(&scratch);
-    result
+        .and_then(|h| f(&h))
 }

 fn cmd_pack(args: &[String]) -> Result<(), String> {
@@ -522,29 +583,28 @@ fn cmd_pack(args: &[String]) -> Result<(), String> {
 }

 fn cmd_index(args: &[String]) -> Result<(), String> {
-    let a = Args::parse(args, &[], &["publisher", "name", "key", "out"])?;
+    let a = Args::parse(args, &[], &["publisher", "name", "key", "previous-key", "out", "download-base"])?;
    let dir = canonical(&a.dir()?)?;
-    let publisher = a.value("publisher").ok_or("--publisher is required")?;
-    let name = a.value("name").unwrap_or(publisher);
-    let key = read_key(a.value("key").ok_or("--key is required")?)?;
    let out = a.value("out").map(PathBuf::from).unwrap_or_else(|| dir.join("index.json"));
+    let base = a.value("download-base").map(|b| b.trim_end_matches('/'));
    // Revocations and other publishers of an existing index are kept.
    let mut index = match std::fs::read_to_string(&out) {
-        Ok(text) => Index::parse(&text)?,
+        Ok(text) => current_format(Index::parse(&text)?, &out.to_string_lossy())?,
        Err(_) => Index { format: package::INDEX_FORMAT, ..Index::default() },
    };
-    // Earlier keys of the publisher stay listed (packages they signed remain valid until revoked).
-    let current = key.public_base64();
-    let earlier: Vec<KeyEntry> = index
-        .publishers
-        .iter()
-        .filter(|p| p.id == publisher)
-        .flat_map(|p| p.keys.iter().filter(|k| k.key != current).cloned())
-        .collect();
-    index.publishers.retain(|p| p.id != publisher);
-    let keys: Vec<KeyEntry> = std::iter::once(KeyEntry { key: current, revoked: false }).chain(earlier).collect();
-    index.publishers.push(package::Publisher { id: publisher.into(), name: name.into(), keys });
-    index.plugins.clear();
+    let publisher = match (a.value("publisher"), a.value("key")) {
+        (Some(publisher), Some(key)) => {
+            let key = read_key(key)?;
+            let name = a.value("name").unwrap_or(publisher);
+            let previous = a.value("previous-key").map(read_key).transpose()?;
+            index.publishers =
+                register_key(std::mem::take(&mut index.publishers), publisher, name, &key, previous.as_ref())?;
+            Some(publisher)
+        }
+        (None, None) if a.has("previous-key") => return Err("--previous-key goes with --publisher and --key".into()),
+        (None, None) => None,
+        _ => return Err("--publisher and --key go together".into()),
+    };
    let mut packages: Vec<PathBuf> = std::fs::read_dir(&dir)
        .map_err(|e| e.to_string())?
        .flatten()
@@ -552,35 +612,144 @@ fn cmd_index(args: &[String]) -> Result<(), String> {
        .filter(|p| p.extension().is_some_and(|e| e == package::PACKAGE_EXTENSION))
        .collect();
    packages.sort();
+    let engine = PluginEngine::new()?;
+    let mut added: Vec<IndexEntry> = Vec::new();
    for path in packages {
-        let scratch = std::env::temp_dir().join(format!("openidea-plugin-index-{}", std::process::id()));
-        let _ = std::fs::remove_dir_all(&scratch);
-        let unpacked = package::unpack(&path, &scratch)?;
+        let tmp = scratch_dir("index")?;
+        let scratch = tmp.path().join("package");
        let entry = (|| {
+            let unpacked = package::unpack(&path, &scratch)?;
            let m = Manifest::load(&scratch)?;
            let files = with_scratch_host(|h| h.package_files_of(&scratch).map_err(|e| e.to_string()))?;
            let digest = package::package_digest(&scratch, &files).map_err(|e| e.to_string())?;
-            let sig = unpacked.signature.as_ref().ok_or_else(|| format!("{}: not signed", path.display()))?;
-            sig.check(&m.id, &m.version, &digest).map_err(|e| format!("{}: {e}", path.display()))?;
+            let sig = unpacked.signature.as_ref().ok_or("not signed")?;
+            let signer = index.verify(sig, &m.id, &m.version, &digest)?;
+            if publisher.is_some_and(|p| p != signer) {
+                return Err(format!("signed by {signer}, not {}", publisher.unwrap_or_default()));
+            }
+            if added.iter().any(|e| (&e.id, &e.version) == (&m.id, &m.version)) {
+                return Err(format!("another package of {} {} is in the folder", m.id, m.version));
+            }
+            if m.legacy {
+                return Err("plugin.toml uses the 0.1 format; see plugins/README.md".into());
+            }
+            let built_for = match &m.wasm {
+                Some(wasm) => engine.check_component(&engine.compile(&scratch.join(wasm))?)?,
+                None => None,
+            };
+            let file = path.file_name().map(|n| n.to_string_lossy().into_owned()).unwrap_or_default();
            Ok::<_, String>(IndexEntry {
                id: m.id.clone(),
                name: m.name.clone(),
                version: m.version.clone(),
                description: m.description.clone(),
                authors: m.authors.clone(),
-                publisher: sig.publisher.clone(),
-                download: path.file_name().map(|n| n.to_string_lossy().into_owned()).unwrap_or_default(),
+                publisher: signer,
+                download: base.map_or_else(|| file.clone(), |b| format!("{b}/{file}")),
                digest,
                capabilities: m.capabilities.all().map(|c| c.to_string()).collect(),
+                engine: package::engine_requirement(&m.engine, built_for.as_ref()),
+                categories: m.categories(),
            })
        })();
-        let _ = std::fs::remove_dir_all(&scratch);
-        let entry = entry?;
-        println!("  {} {}", entry.id, entry.version);
-        index.plugins.push(entry);
+        let entry = entry.map_err(|e| format!("{}: {e}", path.display()))?;
+        println!("  {} {} (plugin API {})", entry.id, entry.version, entry.engine);
+        added.push(entry);
    }
-    let json = serde_json::to_string_pretty(&index).map_err(|e| e.to_string())?;
-    std::fs::write(&out, json).map_err(|e| format!("{}: {e}", out.display()))?;
+    // A publisher's earlier versions of these plugins stay for IDEs that can't load the new
+    // ones (pruned below); plugins no longer in the folder go.
+    index.plugins.retain(|e| match publisher {
+        Some(p) => {
+            e.publisher != p
+                || (added.iter().any(|n| n.id == e.id)
+                    && !added.iter().any(|n| (&n.id, &n.version) == (&e.id, &e.version)))
+        }
+        None => false,
+    });
+    index.plugins.extend(added);
+    index.prune_versions();
+    write_index(&index, &out)
+}
+
+/// `publishers` with `key` as `publisher`'s current key. Earlier keys stay listed
+/// (packages they signed remain valid until revoked); a key new to the
+/// publisher is endorsed by `previous`, one of them, so installed plugins
+/// signed with it update without asking.
+fn register_key(
+    mut publishers: Vec<package::Publisher>,
+    publisher: &str,
+    name: &str,
+    key: &PublisherKey,
+    previous: Option<&PublisherKey>,
+) -> Result<Vec<package::Publisher>, String> {
+    let current = key.public_base64();
+    let earlier: Vec<KeyEntry> = publishers.iter().filter(|p| p.id == publisher).flat_map(|p| p.keys.clone()).collect();
+    let entry = match earlier.iter().find(|k| k.key == current) {
+        Some(listed) => listed.clone(),
+        None => {
+            let endorsement = match previous {
+                Some(prev) => {
+                    let prev_key = prev.public_base64();
+                    if !earlier.iter().any(|k| k.key == prev_key && !k.revoked) {
+                        return Err(format!("--previous-key is not one of {publisher}'s valid keys in the index"));
+                    }
+                    Some(prev.endorse(publisher, &current))
+                }
+                None => {
+                    if earlier.iter().any(|k| !k.revoked) {
+                        println!(
+                            "  warning: {publisher}'s new key is not endorsed (--previous-key): users who installed \
+                             its plugins will be asked to confirm the change when they update"
+                        );
+                    }
+                    None
+                }
+            };
+            KeyEntry { endorsement, ..KeyEntry::new(current.clone()) }
+        }
+    };
+    let keys = std::iter::once(entry).chain(earlier.into_iter().filter(|k| k.key != current)).collect();
+    publishers.retain(|p| p.id != publisher);
+    publishers.push(package::Publisher { id: publisher.into(), name: name.into(), keys });
+    Ok(publishers)
+}
+
+/// `index`, unless a newer `openidea-plugin` wrote it (rewriting it would drop what this one can't read).
+fn current_format(index: Index, file: &str) -> Result<Index, String> {
+    if index.is_newer() {
+        return Err(format!(
+            "{file}: index format {} is newer than this tool writes; update openidea-plugin",
+            index.format
+        ));
+    }
+    Ok(index)
+}
+
+fn cmd_merge(args: &[String]) -> Result<(), String> {
+    let a = Args::parse(args, &[], &["keep", "out"])?;
+    let [base, other] = a.positional.as_slice() else {
+        return Err("usage: openidea-plugin merge <index> <other-index> --keep ID [--out FILE]".into());
+    };
+    let keep = a.value("keep").ok_or("--keep is required")?;
+    let out = a.value("out").unwrap_or(base);
+    let mut index =
+        current_format(Index::parse(&std::fs::read_to_string(base).map_err(|e| format!("{base}: {e}"))?)?, base)?;
+    let bytes = read_market_url(other, 16 << 20)?;
+    let theirs = Index::parse(&String::from_utf8(bytes).map_err(|_| format!("{other}: not UTF-8"))?)?;
+    let mut theirs = current_format(theirs, other)?;
+    // Their downloads are relative to their index, not to ours.
+    for e in &mut theirs.plugins {
+        e.download = resolve_market_href(other, &e.download);
+    }
+    let count = theirs.plugins.len();
+    index.include(theirs, &[keep]).map_err(|e| format!("{other}: {e}"))?;
+    println!("  {count} plugins from {other}");
+    write_index(&index, Path::new(out))
+}
+
+fn write_index(index: &Index, out: &Path) -> Result<(), String> {
+    let json = serde_json::to_string_pretty(index).map_err(|e| e.to_string())?;
+    std::fs::write(out, json).map_err(|e| format!("{}: {e}", out.display()))?;
    println!("-> {} ({} plugins)", out.display(), index.plugins.len());
    Ok(())
 }
@@ -589,6 +758,25 @@ fn cmd_index(args: &[String]) -> Result<(), String> {
 mod tests {
    use super::*;

+    #[test]
+    fn a_new_key_is_endorsed_by_the_previous_one() {
+        let (k1, k2, k3) =
+            (PublisherKey::from_seed([1; 32]), PublisherKey::from_seed([2; 32]), PublisherKey::from_seed([3; 32]));
+        let first = register_key(Vec::new(), "acme", "ACME", &k1, None).unwrap();
+        let rotated = register_key(first.clone(), "acme", "ACME", &k2, Some(&k1)).unwrap();
+        let index = Index { format: package::INDEX_FORMAT, publishers: rotated.clone(), ..Index::default() };
+        assert!(index.succeeds("acme", &k1.public_base64(), &k2.public_base64()));
+        assert_eq!(rotated[0].keys.len(), 2, "the earlier key stays listed");
+        // Registering the current key again keeps its endorsement.
+        let again = register_key(rotated.clone(), "acme", "ACME", &k2, None).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(again, rotated);
+        // Only a key the publisher has can endorse.
+        assert!(register_key(first.clone(), "acme", "ACME", &k2, Some(&k3)).unwrap_err().contains("--previous-key"));
+        // Without one the new key is listed unendorsed.
+        let unendorsed = register_key(first, "acme", "ACME", &k3, None).unwrap();
+        assert!(unendorsed[0].keys[0].endorsement.is_none());
+    }
+
    #[test]
    fn names() {
        assert_eq!(slugify("My Cool_Plugin"), "my-cool-plugin");
@@ -601,13 +789,189 @@ mod tests {
        assert_eq!(relative(Path::new("/x/y"), Path::new("/z")), None);
    }

+    #[test]
+    fn new_plugins_depend_on_the_sdk_by_path_only_in_its_source_tree() {
+        let tree = dunce::canonicalize(concat!(env!("CARGO_MANIFEST_DIR"), "/../..")).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(
+            sdk_dependency(None, &tree.join("plugins/official/new")).unwrap(),
+            "{ path = \"../../../sdk/rust/openidea-plugin\" }"
+        );
+        let outside = dunce::canonicalize(std::env::temp_dir()).unwrap().join("my-plugin");
+        assert_eq!(
+            sdk_dependency(None, &outside).unwrap(),
+            format!("{{ git = \"https://github.com/l0ng-ai/openidea\", tag = \"v{}\" }}", env!("CARGO_PKG_VERSION"))
+        );
+        let sdk = tree.join("sdk/rust/openidea-plugin");
+        assert!(sdk_dependency(Some(sdk.to_str().unwrap()), &outside).unwrap().starts_with("{ path = "));
+        assert!(
+            sdk_dependency(Some(tree.join("wit").to_str().unwrap()), &outside)
+                .unwrap_err()
+                .contains("not the openidea-plugin SDK")
+        );
+    }
+
+    /// A theme package `id` signed by `publisher` with `key`, packed into `out`.
+    fn signed_theme(tmp: &Path, id: &str, publisher: &str, key: &str, out: &Path) {
+        signed_theme_version(tmp, id, "0.1.0", "^1.0", publisher, key, out);
+    }
+
+    fn signed_theme_version(tmp: &Path, id: &str, version: &str, engine: &str, publisher: &str, key: &str, out: &Path) {
+        let src = tmp.join("src").join(format!("{id}-{version}"));
+        let vars = templates::Vars { id, name: id, sdk: None };
+        for (rel, content) in templates::render(templates::Template::Theme, &vars) {
+            let path = src.join(rel);
+            std::fs::create_dir_all(path.parent().unwrap()).unwrap();
+            let content = content
+                .replace("version = \"0.1.0\"", &format!("version = \"{version}\""))
+                .replace("engines.openidea = \"^1.0\"", &format!("engines.openidea = \"{engine}\""));
+            std::fs::write(path, content).unwrap();
+        }
+        std::fs::create_dir_all(out).unwrap();
+        let args = [src.to_str().unwrap(), "--key", key, "--publisher", publisher, "--out"]
+            .into_iter()
+            .map(String::from)
+            .chain([out.join(format!("{id}-{version}.oiplugin")).to_string_lossy().into_owned()])
+            .collect::<Vec<_>>();
+        cmd_pack(&args).unwrap();
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn a_release_keeps_the_versions_older_ides_need() {
+        let tmp = tempfile::tempdir().unwrap();
+        let t = tmp.path();
+        let key = t.join("acme.key");
+        std::fs::write(&key, PublisherKey::from_seed([5; 32]).seed_base64()).unwrap();
+        let key = key.to_string_lossy().into_owned();
+        let index_file = t.join("index.json");
+        let release = |n: usize, packages: &[(&str, &str, &str)]| {
+            let dir = t.join(format!("release-{n}"));
+            for (id, version, engine) in packages {
+                signed_theme_version(t, id, version, engine, "acme", &key, &dir);
+            }
+            let base = format!("https://example.com/download/v{n}");
+            let args = [dir.to_str().unwrap(), "--publisher", "acme", "--key", &key, "--download-base", &base];
+            cmd_index(&strings(&[&args[..], &["--out", index_file.to_str().unwrap()]].concat())).unwrap();
+            let index = Index::parse(&std::fs::read_to_string(&index_file).unwrap()).unwrap();
+            index.plugins.iter().map(|e| format!("{} {} {}", e.id, e.version, e.download)).collect::<Vec<_>>()
+        };
+        release(1, &[("acme.a", "1.0.0", "^1.0"), ("acme.b", "1.0.0", "^1.0")]);
+        // Same requirement: the newer version replaces it; acme.b is gone from the release.
+        assert_eq!(
+            release(2, &[("acme.a", "1.1.0", "^1.0")]),
+            ["acme.a 1.1.0 https://example.com/download/v2/acme.a-1.1.0.oiplugin"]
+        );
+        // Another API requirement: the last version for the earlier one stays, where it was published.
+        assert_eq!(
+            release(3, &[("acme.a", "2.0.0", ">=1.0, <2")]),
+            [
+                "acme.a 1.1.0 https://example.com/download/v2/acme.a-1.1.0.oiplugin",
+                "acme.a 2.0.0 https://example.com/download/v3/acme.a-2.0.0.oiplugin",
+            ]
+        );
+        let index = Index::parse(&std::fs::read_to_string(&index_file).unwrap()).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(index.offered()[0].0.version, "2.0.0", "the newest this IDE can load");
+    }
+
+    fn strings(args: &[&str]) -> Vec<String> {
+        args.iter().map(|a| a.to_string()).collect()
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn official_and_community_indexes_merge() {
+        let tmp = tempfile::tempdir().unwrap();
+        let t = tmp.path();
+        let mut keys = Vec::new();
+        for (name, seed) in [("openidea", 1), ("alice", 2), ("carol", 3)] {
+            let file = t.join(format!("{name}.key"));
+            let key = PublisherKey::from_seed([seed; 32]);
+            std::fs::write(&file, key.seed_base64()).unwrap();
+            keys.push((file.to_string_lossy().into_owned(), key.public_base64()));
+        }
+        let (official, community) = (t.join("official"), t.join("community"));
+        signed_theme(t, "openidea.night", "openidea", &keys[0].0, &official);
+        signed_theme(t, "alice.dawn", "alice", &keys[1].0, &community);
+        let official_index = official.join("index.json");
+        let community_index = community.join("index.json");
+        let release = strings(&[official.to_str().unwrap(), "--publisher", "openidea", "--key", &keys[0].0]);
+        cmd_index(&release).unwrap();
+
+        // The community index lists its publishers; `index` without a key checks packages against them.
+        let skeleton = Index {
+            format: package::INDEX_FORMAT,
+            publishers: vec![package::Publisher {
+                id: "alice".into(),
+                name: "Alice".into(),
+                keys: vec![KeyEntry::new(keys[1].1.clone())],
+            }],
+            ..Index::default()
+        };
+        write_index(&skeleton, &community_index).unwrap();
+        cmd_index(&strings(&[community.to_str().unwrap()])).unwrap();
+
+        cmd_merge(&strings(&[
+            official_index.to_str().unwrap(),
+            community_index.to_str().unwrap(),
+            "--keep",
+            "openidea",
+        ]))
+        .unwrap();
+        // A release rebuilds the official plugins and keeps the community's.
+        cmd_index(&release).unwrap();
+        let index = Index::parse(&std::fs::read_to_string(&official_index).unwrap()).unwrap();
+        let listed: Vec<_> = index.plugins.iter().map(|e| (e.id.as_str(), e.publisher.as_str())).collect();
+        assert_eq!(listed, [("alice.dawn", "alice"), ("openidea.night", "openidea")]);
+        assert_eq!(index.plugins[1].categories, ["themes"], "implied by the theme");
+        assert_eq!(index.plugins[1].download, "openidea.night-0.1.0.oiplugin");
+        assert!(Path::new(&index.plugins[0].download).is_absolute(), "{}", index.plugins[0].download);
+
+        // A package by a publisher the index doesn't know is refused.
+        signed_theme(t, "carol.noon", "carol", &keys[2].0, &community);
+        let err = cmd_index(&strings(&[community.to_str().unwrap()])).unwrap_err();
+        assert!(err.contains("unknown publisher"), "{err}");
+    }
+
+    /// `cargo test` of a new Rust plugin (its own tests against the mock host) with this SDK.
+    #[test]
+    fn the_command_template_builds_against_the_sdk() {
+        let dir = std::env::temp_dir().join(format!("openidea-plugin-template-build-{}", std::process::id()));
+        let _ = std::fs::remove_dir_all(&dir);
+        std::fs::create_dir_all(&dir).unwrap();
+        let dir = dunce::canonicalize(&dir).unwrap();
+        let plugin = dir.join("plugin");
+        let sdk = concat!(env!("CARGO_MANIFEST_DIR"), "/../../sdk/rust/openidea-plugin");
+        let sdk = sdk_dependency(Some(sdk), &plugin).unwrap();
+        let vars = templates::Vars { id: "acme.sample", name: "Sample", sdk: Some(&sdk) };
+        for (rel, content) in templates::render(templates::Template::Command, &vars) {
+            let path = plugin.join(rel);
+            std::fs::create_dir_all(path.parent().unwrap()).unwrap();
+            std::fs::write(path, content).unwrap();
+        }
+        // The SDK's lockfile keeps the versions its own CI builds with (the resolver also
+        // looks up the wasm-only dependencies, which may not be downloaded yet).
+        let sdk_lock = concat!(env!("CARGO_MANIFEST_DIR"), "/../../sdk/rust/openidea-plugin/Cargo.lock");
+        std::fs::copy(sdk_lock, plugin.join("Cargo.lock")).unwrap();
+        let out = Command::new(std::env::var("CARGO").unwrap_or_else(|_| "cargo".into()))
+            .args(["test", "--manifest-path"])
+            .arg(plugin.join("Cargo.toml"))
+            .env("CARGO_TARGET_DIR", dir.join("target"))
+            .output()
+            .unwrap();
+        assert!(
+            out.status.success(),
+            "{}{}",
+            String::from_utf8_lossy(&out.stdout),
+            String::from_utf8_lossy(&out.stderr)
+        );
+        std::fs::remove_dir_all(&dir).unwrap();
+    }
+
    #[test]
    fn every_template_is_a_valid_package() {
        for t in templates::Template::ALL {
            let dir =
                std::env::temp_dir().join(format!("openidea-plugin-template-{}-{}", t.label(), std::process::id()));
            let _ = std::fs::remove_dir_all(&dir);
-            let vars = templates::Vars { id: "acme.sample", name: "Sample", sdk: Some("../sdk") };
+            let vars = templates::Vars { id: "acme.sample", name: "Sample", sdk: Some("{ path = \"../sdk\" }") };
            for (rel, content) in templates::render(t, &vars) {
                let path = dir.join(rel);
                std::fs::create_dir_all(path.parent().unwrap()).unwrap();
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@ impl Template {
 pub struct Vars<'a> {
    pub id: &'a str,
    pub name: &'a str,
+    /// The SDK dependency, as a TOML value (`{ path = "…" }`).
    pub sdk: Option<&'a str>,
 }

@@ -82,6 +83,9 @@ name = "__NAME__"
 version = "0.1.0"
 description = "Adds two sample commands."
 authors = []
+# Marketplace categories (up to 3): languages, themes, icon-themes, linters,
+# vcs, ai, frameworks, tools, other.
+categories = ["tools"]
 engines.openidea = "^1.0"
 # Built by `openidea-plugin build`. The code is loaded the first time one of
 # its commands runs; the commands below show in Find Action before that.
@@ -115,7 +119,7 @@ publish = false
 crate-type = ["cdylib", "rlib"]

 [dependencies]
-openidea-plugin = { path = "__SDK__" }
+openidea-plugin = __SDK__

 [profile.release]
 opt-level = "s"
@@ -127,7 +131,7 @@ panic = "abort"

 const COMMAND_LIB: &str = r#"//! __NAME__: an OpenIDEA plugin.

-use openidea_plugin::{Invocation, NotificationLevel, Plugin, host, register_plugin};
+use openidea_plugin::{Error, Invocation, NotificationLevel, Plugin, host, register_plugin};

 #[derive(Default)]
 pub struct Main {
@@ -135,7 +139,7 @@ pub struct Main {
 }

 impl Plugin for Main {
-    fn run_command(&mut self, id: &str, ctx: &Invocation, _arg: Option<&str>) -> Result<Option<String>, String> {
+    fn run_command(&mut self, id: &str, ctx: &Invocation, _arg: Option<&str>) -> Result<Option<String>, Error> {
        match id {
            "say-hello" => {
                // Instance state lasts until the plugin is idle for a while;
@@ -150,7 +154,7 @@ impl Plugin for Main {
                let text = editor.document()?.text;
                Ok(Some(format!("{} lines in {}", text.lines().count(), editor.path())))
            }
-            _ => Err(format!("unknown command {id}")),
+            _ => Err(format!("unknown command {id}").into()),
        }
    }
 }
@@ -79,6 +79,7 @@ pub struct Host {
    pub runtime: tokio::runtime::Handle,
    /// One project per window, keyed by window label.
    projects: RwLock<HashMap<String, Arc<Project>>>,
+    pub(crate) external_logs: RwLock<HashMap<String, Vec<Arc<ide_vcs::Repo>>>>,
    requests: requests::Requests,
    project_requests: RwLock<HashMap<String, Vec<RequestId>>>,
 }
@@ -122,6 +123,7 @@ impl Host {
            owner,
            runtime,
            projects: RwLock::default(),
+            external_logs: RwLock::default(),
            requests: Default::default(),
            project_requests: RwLock::default(),
        };
@@ -178,6 +180,10 @@ impl Host {
    }

    pub fn close_project(&self, window: &str) {
+        self.external_logs.write().remove(self.owner_window(window));
+        for request in self.project_requests.write().remove(self.owner_window(window)).unwrap_or_default() {
+            self.cancel_request(request);
+        }
        let project = self.projects.write().remove(window);
        if let Some(project) = project {
            if !project.light {
@@ -193,9 +199,6 @@ impl Host {
            // asked for, its runs, its shells and its debug sessions — and the language
            // servers finish shutting down before the window is gone, as IDEA closes a
            // project's processes.
-            for request in self.project_requests.write().remove(self.owner_window(window)).unwrap_or_default() {
-                self.cancel_request(request);
-            }
            self.processes.kill_project(&project.root);
            self.terminals.kill_key(self.owner_window(window));
            self.shutdown_project_workers_blocking(
@@ -311,14 +314,20 @@ impl Host {
    }

    pub fn begin_project_request(&self, window: &str, id: RequestId) -> CancellationToken {
-        let token = self.begin_request(id);
-        self.project_requests.write().entry(self.owner_window(window).to_owned()).or_default().push(id);
+        let token = self.begin_project_read_request(window, id);
        if self.project(window).is_ok_and(|p| !p.is_trusted()) {
            token.cancel();
        }
        token
    }

+    /// Read-only work remains cancellable/disposed with its window in restricted projects.
+    pub fn begin_project_read_request(&self, window: &str, id: RequestId) -> CancellationToken {
+        let token = self.begin_request(id);
+        self.project_requests.write().entry(self.owner_window(window).to_owned()).or_default().push(id);
+        token
+    }
+
    pub fn end_request(&self, id: RequestId) {
        for ids in self.project_requests.write().values_mut() {
            ids.retain(|entry| *entry != id);
@@ -30,6 +30,17 @@ pub fn set_command(host: &Host, window: &str, id: String, command: Option<String
    host.project(window)?.agents.set_builtin_command(&id, command)
 }

+/// Environment variables built-in agent `id` starts with; empty clears them.
+pub fn set_env(
+    host: &Host,
+    window: &str,
+    id: String,
+    env: std::collections::BTreeMap<String, String>,
+) -> IdeResult<()> {
+    host.require_trust(window)?;
+    host.project(window)?.agents.set_builtin_env(&id, env)
+}
+
 /// Where ACP Registry agents are saved (`<config>/agents`, like the user's own) and installed.
 pub(crate) fn registry_paths(host: &Host) -> RegistryPaths {
    RegistryPaths::new(&host.config_dir, &host.local_data_dir)
@@ -195,6 +206,7 @@ pub(crate) fn register(d: &mut Dispatcher) {
    d.add("agent_subscribe", |c| async move { subscribe(&c.host, &c.window, c.channel("onEvent")?) });
    d.add("agent_providers", |c| async move { providers(&c.host, &c.window) });
    d.add("agent_set_command", |c| async move { set_command(&c.host, &c.window, c.arg("id")?, c.arg("command")?) });
+    d.add("agent_set_env", |c| async move { set_env(&c.host, &c.window, c.arg("id")?, c.arg("env")?) });
    d.add("agent_registry_list", |c| async move { registry_list(&c.host, &c.window, c.arg("request")?).await });
    d.add("agent_registry_install", |c| async move {
        registry_install(&c.host, &c.window, c.arg("id")?, c.arg("request")?, c.sender("onEvent")?).await
@@ -116,6 +116,11 @@ pub async fn build_sync(
            tracing::warn!("Maven profiles not saved: {e}");
            false
        });
+    if profiles_changed {
+        // The modules of the chosen profiles are read from the POMs with them from now on (the
+        // project tree's module folders too), whether or not Maven itself can run.
+        project.sink.emit(ide_core::IdeEvent::ProjectRootsChanged { root: project.root.clone().into() });
+    }
    let token = host.begin_project_request(window, request);
    let result = tokio::task::spawn_blocking(move || {
        let current = load(&root, &cache, &settings);
@@ -217,6 +222,52 @@ fn declaring_pom(
    )))
 }

+/// The `.toml` of a version catalog the build imports as `group:artifact:version`, once a
+/// build has downloaded it (`ide_sdk::libraries::published_version_catalog`).
+pub async fn gradle_published_catalog(
+    host: &Host,
+    window: &str,
+    coordinates: String,
+) -> IdeResult<Option<ide_core::IpcPath>> {
+    let project = host.project(window)?;
+    tokio::task::spawn_blocking(move || {
+        ide_sdk::libraries::published_version_catalog(&project.root, &project.settings.effective(), &coordinates)
+            .map(Into::into)
+    })
+    .await
+    .map_err(join_err)
+}
+
+/// The resolved dependency tree of the Gradle project `gradle_path` (`:`, `:app`) for
+/// `configuration`, from Gradle's `dependencies` report; cancellable with `cancel_request(request)`.
+pub async fn gradle_dependencies(
+    host: &Host,
+    window: &str,
+    gradle_path: String,
+    configuration: String,
+    offline: bool,
+    request: RequestId,
+) -> IdeResult<Vec<ide_build::GradleDependency>> {
+    host.require_trust(window)?;
+    let project = host.project(window)?;
+    let (root, cache, settings) = (project.root.clone(), project.build_cache_dir(), project.settings.effective());
+    let token = host.begin_project_request(window, request);
+    let result = tokio::task::spawn_blocking(move || {
+        let gradle = load(&root, &cache, &settings).gradle;
+        let options = SyncOptions {
+            offline,
+            env: gradle.as_ref().map(|g| g.env.clone()).unwrap_or_default(),
+            gradle_command: gradle.as_ref().map(|g| g.command.clone()),
+            ..Default::default()
+        };
+        ide_build::gradle_dependencies(&root, &options, &gradle_path, &configuration, &token)
+    })
+    .await
+    .map_err(join_err);
+    host.end_request(request);
+    result?
+}
+
 /// Where the direct dependency `dependency` of the Maven module `pom` is declared.
 pub async fn maven_dependency_declaration(
    host: &Host,
@@ -296,7 +347,7 @@ pub async fn build_run(
                let settings = ide_workspace::SettingsStore::load(&config_dir, Some(member)).effective();
                let member_cache = cache.join(crate::project::project_key(member));
                let model = with_profiles(load(member, &member_cache, &settings), &member_cache);
-                let plan = compile::plan(member, &model, kind, file.as_deref())?;
+                let plan = compile::plan(member, &model, kind, file.as_deref(), settings.cmake.profiles.as_deref())?;
                match &mut combined {
                    Some(combined) => combined.steps.extend(plan.steps),
                    None => combined = Some(plan),
@@ -306,7 +357,13 @@ pub async fn build_run(
            plan.title = workspace.name;
            plan
        } else {
-            compile::plan(&root, &with_profiles(load(&root, &cache, &settings), &cache), kind, file.as_deref())?
+            compile::plan(
+                &root,
+                &with_profiles(load(&root, &cache, &settings), &cache),
+                kind,
+                file.as_deref(),
+                settings.cmake.profiles.as_deref(),
+            )?
        };
        let result = compile::run(&root, &plan, &token, &|e| {
            let _ = on_event.send(e);
@@ -337,6 +394,20 @@ pub(crate) fn register(d: &mut Dispatcher) {
        )
        .await
    });
+    d.add("gradle_published_catalog", |c| async move {
+        gradle_published_catalog(&c.host, &c.window, c.arg("coordinates")?).await
+    });
+    d.add("gradle_dependencies", |c| async move {
+        gradle_dependencies(
+            &c.host,
+            &c.window,
+            c.arg("gradlePath")?,
+            c.arg("configuration")?,
+            c.arg("offline")?,
+            c.arg("request")?,
+        )
+        .await
+    });
    d.add("maven_dependency_declaration", |c| async move {
        maven_dependency_declaration(&c.host, &c.window, c.arg("pom")?, c.arg("dependency")?).await
    });
@@ -216,8 +216,7 @@ pub async fn connect(host: &Host, window: &str, id: &str) -> IdeResult<()> {
 /// manual mode rolls back what was not committed).
 pub async fn set_manual_commit(host: &Host, window: &str, id: &str, manual: bool) -> IdeResult<()> {
    let db = host.project(window)?.db.clone();
-    db.set_manual_commit(id, manual).await;
-    Ok(())
+    db.set_manual_commit(id, manual).await
 }

 /// Commits or rolls back the open transaction of a manual-commit data source.
@@ -188,6 +188,19 @@ pub async fn debug_stop(host: &Host, _window: &str, session: DebugSessionId) ->
    host.debugger.stop(session).await
 }

+/// The adapter's completions for an expression being typed in the frame `frame_id`.
+pub async fn debug_completions(
+    host: &Host,
+    _window: &str,
+    session: DebugSessionId,
+    frame_id: Option<i64>,
+    text: String,
+    line: u32,
+    column: u32,
+) -> IdeResult<Vec<ide_dap::DebugCompletion>> {
+    host.debugger.completions(session, frame_id, text, line, column).await
+}
+
 /// Evaluate with an explicit DAP context: `repl`, `watch`, `hover` or `clipboard`.
 pub async fn debug_evaluate_in(
    host: &Host,
@@ -376,6 +389,18 @@ pub(crate) fn register(d: &mut Dispatcher) {
        .await
    });
    d.add("debug_stop", |c| async move { debug_stop(&c.host, &c.window, c.arg("session")?).await });
+    d.add("debug_completions", |c| async move {
+        debug_completions(
+            &c.host,
+            &c.window,
+            c.arg("session")?,
+            c.arg("frameId")?,
+            c.arg("text")?,
+            c.arg("line")?,
+            c.arg("column")?,
+        )
+        .await
+    });
    d.add("debug_evaluate_in", |c| async move {
        debug_evaluate_in(
            &c.host,
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ pub async fn blocking<T: Send + 'static>(f: impl FnOnce() -> IdeResult<T> + Send
 /// editor buffer, so syntax features and language-server requests work in it.
 pub async fn doc_open_virtual(host: &Host, window: &str, uri: String) -> IdeResult<DocumentInfo> {
    let project = host.project(window)?;
-    let vd = project.lsp.virtual_document(&uri).await?;
+    let vd = crate::ops::lsp::lsp_virtual_document(host, window, uri).await?;
    blocking(move || project.documents.open_virtual(&vd.uri, vd.language_id, &vd.text)).await
 }

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+//! Docker run configurations: the environment their `docker` command line runs with.
+use crate::Host;
+use crate::rpc::Dispatcher;
+use ide_core::IdeResult;
+use ide_docker::DockerEndpoint;
+use std::collections::BTreeMap;
+
+/// The endpoint's variables plus a `PATH` that finds this host's `docker`. A remote project
+/// gets them from the server, since its run configurations start on the remote host.
+pub async fn run_env(host: &Host, endpoint: DockerEndpoint) -> IdeResult<BTreeMap<String, String>> {
+    endpoint.validate()?;
+    host.blocking(move || Ok(ide_docker::run_env(&endpoint))).await
+}
+
+pub(crate) fn register(d: &mut Dispatcher) {
+    d.add("docker_run_env", |c| async move { run_env(&c.host, c.arg("endpoint")?).await });
+}
@@ -137,16 +137,23 @@ pub fn set_writable(host: &Host, window: &str, path: PathBuf, writable: bool) ->
 pub async fn delete(host: &Host, window: &str, path: PathBuf) -> IdeResult<()> {
    let history = host.project(window).ok().map(|p| p.history.clone());
    host.blocking(move || {
+        let paths = ide_workspace::file_ops::deletion_paths(&path)?;
        if let Some(h) = history {
-            h.record_deletion(&path, DELETE_SNAPSHOT_LIMIT);
+            for p in paths {
+                h.record_deletion(&p, DELETE_SNAPSHOT_LIMIT);
+            }
        }
-        ide_vfs::delete(&path)
+        ide_workspace::file_ops::delete(&path)
    })
    .await
 }

 pub async fn copy(host: &Host, from: PathBuf, to: PathBuf) -> IdeResult<()> {
-    host.blocking(move || ide_vfs::copy(&from, &to)).await
+    host.blocking(move || ide_workspace::file_ops::copy(&from, &to)).await
+}
+
+pub async fn rename(host: &Host, from: PathBuf, to: PathBuf) -> IdeResult<()> {
+    host.blocking(move || ide_workspace::file_ops::rename(&from, &to)).await
 }

 /// Reads a text file without opening it as a document; prefers the unsaved buffer.
@@ -76,9 +76,17 @@ async fn plugin_call<T: Send + 'static>(f: impl FnOnce() -> T + Send + 'static)
    tokio::task::spawn_blocking(f).await.ok()
 }

-/// Items from plugins carry no server (resolve and commands don't apply).
+/// Items from plugins carry no server: commands don't apply, and a code
+/// action is resolved by the plugin named in its `data` ([`PluginActionRef`]).
 const PLUGIN_SERVER: ServerId = ServerId(0);

+/// `data` of a plugin's code action whose edits it computes when picked.
+#[derive(serde::Serialize, serde::Deserialize)]
+struct PluginActionRef {
+    plugin: String,
+    data: String,
+}
+
 /// A plugin's `completion-item.kind` (wit/providers.wit lists them).
 fn plugin_completion_kind(kind: &str) -> Option<CompletionKind> {
    Some(match kind {
@@ -120,14 +128,14 @@ fn plugin_completion(item: ide_plugin::CompletionItem) -> CompletionItem {
        kind,
        documentation: item.documentation.map(|value| Markup { kind: "markdown".into(), value }),
        sort_text: item.sort_text,
-        filter_text: None,
+        filter_text: item.filter_text,
        preselect: false,
        deprecated: false,
        insert_text: item.insert_text,
-        is_snippet: false,
+        is_snippet: item.snippet,
        replace_range: item.replace,
        replace_range_tab: None,
-        additional_edits: Vec::new(),
+        additional_edits: item.additional_edits,
        commit_characters: Vec::new(),
        command: None,
        data: None,
@@ -252,6 +260,9 @@ pub async fn lsp_implementations(
 /// Contents of a read-only language-server document, including JDT library
 /// classes and disk class files. Cached per project.
 pub async fn lsp_virtual_document(host: &Host, window: &str, uri: String) -> IdeResult<VirtualDocument> {
+    if uri.starts_with("git-revision:") {
+        return crate::ops::vcs::revision_virtual_document(host, window, &uri).await;
+    }
    host.project(window)?.lsp.virtual_document(&uri).await
 }

@@ -314,7 +325,7 @@ pub async fn lsp_code_actions(
    };
    let plugin_actions: Vec<CodeAction> = plugin_actions
        .into_iter()
-        .map(|(_, a)| plugin_code_action(a))
+        .map(|(plugin, a)| plugin_code_action(&plugin, a))
        .filter(|a| {
            only.is_empty()
                || a.kind.as_ref().is_some_and(|k| only.iter().any(|o| k == o || k.starts_with(&format!("{o}."))))
@@ -330,24 +341,53 @@ pub async fn lsp_code_actions(
    prepare_actions(project, doc, version, actions).await
 }

-fn plugin_code_action(a: ide_plugin::CodeAction) -> CodeAction {
-    let files = a
+fn plugin_code_action(plugin: &str, a: ide_plugin::CodeAction) -> CodeAction {
+    // With `data` and no edits, the plugin computes them when the action is picked.
+    let lazy = a.edits.is_empty() && a.data.is_some();
+    let files: Vec<_> = a
        .edits
        .into_iter()
        .map(|(path, edits)| ide_core::FileEdit::Edit { path: path.into(), edits, version: None })
        .collect();
+    let data = a
+        .data
+        .filter(|_| lazy)
+        .and_then(|data| serde_json::to_value(PluginActionRef { plugin: plugin.to_owned(), data }).ok());
    CodeAction {
        title: a.title,
        kind: a.kind,
        is_preferred: a.preferred,
        disabled_reason: None,
-        edit: Some(WorkspaceEdit { files, preconditions: Vec::new() }),
+        edit: (!lazy).then(|| WorkspaceEdit { files, preconditions: Vec::new() }),
        command: None,
-        data: None,
+        data,
        server: PLUGIN_SERVER,
    }
 }

+/// A code action resolved by whoever offered it: its language server, or
+/// the plugin its `data` names.
+async fn resolve_action(host: &Host, window: &str, doc: DocId, action: CodeAction) -> IdeResult<CodeAction> {
+    if action.server != PLUGIN_SERVER {
+        return host.project(window)?.lsp.resolve_code_action(doc, action).await;
+    }
+    let Some(r) = action.data.clone().and_then(|d| serde_json::from_value::<PluginActionRef>(d).ok()) else {
+        return Ok(action);
+    };
+    let (plugins, d) = plugin_providers(host, window, doc, ProviderKind::CodeActions)
+        .ok_or_else(|| ide_core::IdeError::unavailable("the plugin that offered this action is gone"))?;
+    let pending = ide_plugin::CodeAction {
+        title: action.title.clone(),
+        kind: action.kind.clone(),
+        preferred: action.is_preferred,
+        edits: Vec::new(),
+        data: Some(r.data),
+    };
+    let plugin = r.plugin.clone();
+    let resolved = blocking(move || plugins.resolve_code_action(&plugin, &d, pending)).await?;
+    Ok(plugin_code_action(&r.plugin, ide_plugin::CodeAction { data: None, ..resolved }))
+}
+
 /// Cancellable code actions with the kinds the servers advertise (Refactor This, refactoring availability).
 pub async fn lsp_code_action_query(
    host: &Host,
@@ -381,7 +421,7 @@ pub async fn lsp_resolve_code_action(
    let project = host.project(window)?;
    let documents = project.documents.clone();
    let version = blocking(move || documents.version(doc)).await?;
-    let action = project.lsp.resolve_code_action(doc, action).await?;
+    let action = resolve_action(host, window, doc, action).await?;
    Ok(prepare_actions(project, doc, version, vec![action]).await?.remove(0))
 }

@@ -391,7 +431,7 @@ pub async fn lsp_apply_code_action(host: &Host, window: &str, doc: DocId, action
    let action = if action.edit.is_none() && action.command.is_none() {
        let documents = project.documents.clone();
        let version = blocking(move || documents.version(doc)).await?;
-        let action = project.lsp.resolve_code_action(doc, action).await?;
+        let action = resolve_action(host, window, doc, action).await?;
        prepare_actions(project.clone(), doc, version, vec![action]).await?.remove(0)
    } else {
        action
@@ -401,17 +441,85 @@ pub async fn lsp_apply_code_action(host: &Host, window: &str, doc: DocId, action
        let edit = edit.clone();
        blocking(move || apply_edit(&documents, &edit)).await?;
    }
-    if let Some(command) = action.command {
+    if let Some(command) = action.command
+        && !(action.edit.is_some() && is_client_follow_up(&project, doc, None, &command).await)
+    {
        project.lsp.execute_command(doc, command).await?;
    }
    Ok(())
 }

+/// A command after a code action's edit that no server provides: what other editors'
+/// extensions do once the edit is applied (vtsls' `_typescript.didOrganizeImports`). The edit
+/// is the action; there is nothing to run.
+async fn is_client_follow_up(
+    project: &crate::project::Project,
+    doc: DocId,
+    server: Option<ide_core::ServerId>,
+    command: &Command,
+) -> bool {
+    let provided = project.lsp.provides_command(doc, server, &command.command).await;
+    if !provided {
+        tracing::debug!("skipping `{}` after the code action's edit: no server provides it", command.command);
+    }
+    !provided
+}
+
 pub async fn lsp_prepare_rename(host: &Host, window: &str, doc: DocId, pos: Pos) -> IdeResult<Option<Range>> {
    host.project(window)?.lsp.prepare_rename(doc, pos).await
 }

 /// Computes the rename edit without applying it, so the UI can preview conflicts.
+/// The class at `pos` and the members a class-hierarchy refactoring can move.
+pub async fn lsp_hierarchy_members(
+    host: &Host,
+    window: &str,
+    request: RequestId,
+    doc: DocId,
+    pos: Pos,
+    kind: HierarchyRefactoring,
+) -> IdeResult<HierarchyMembers> {
+    let project = host.project(window)?;
+    let cancel = host.begin_request(request);
+    let result = project.lsp.hierarchy_members(doc, pos, kind, cancel).await;
+    host.end_request(request);
+    result
+}
+
+/// Checks a class-hierarchy refactoring and computes its edit without applying it.
+#[allow(clippy::too_many_arguments)]
+pub async fn lsp_hierarchy_refactor(
+    host: &Host,
+    window: &str,
+    request: RequestId,
+    doc: DocId,
+    pos: Pos,
+    kind: HierarchyRefactoring,
+    target: Option<String>,
+    choices: Vec<HierarchyChoice>,
+) -> IdeResult<HierarchyRefactored> {
+    let project = host.project(window)?;
+    let documents = project.documents.clone();
+    let version = blocking(move || documents.version(doc)).await?;
+    let cancel = host.begin_request(request);
+    let result = project.lsp.hierarchy_refactor(doc, pos, kind, target, choices, cancel).await;
+    host.end_request(request);
+    let mut refactored = result?;
+    blocking(move || {
+        if project.documents.version(doc)? != version {
+            return Err(ide_core::IdeError::new(
+                ide_core::error::ErrorKind::OutOfSync,
+                "document changed while computing the refactoring; request it again",
+            ));
+        }
+        if let Some(edit) = &mut refactored.edit {
+            project.documents.prepare_workspace_edit(edit)?;
+        }
+        Ok(refactored)
+    })
+    .await
+}
+
 pub async fn lsp_rename(
    host: &Host,
    window: &str,
@@ -589,6 +697,7 @@ pub async fn lsp_execute_code_action(
        if cancel.is_cancelled() {
            return Err(ide_core::IdeError::cancelled());
        }
+        let edited = action.edit.is_some();
        if let Some(edit) = action.edit {
            let documents = project.documents.clone();
            tokio::task::spawn_blocking(move || apply_edit(&documents, &edit))
@@ -596,6 +705,9 @@ pub async fn lsp_execute_code_action(
                .map_err(|e| ide_core::IdeError::internal(e.to_string()))??;
        }
        match action.command {
+            Some(command) if edited && is_client_follow_up(&project, doc, Some(action.server), &command).await => {
+                Ok(Vec::new())
+            }
            Some(command) => project
                .lsp
                .execute_action_command(doc, action.server, command, answers, cancel)
@@ -676,6 +788,22 @@ pub(crate) fn register(d: &mut Dispatcher) {
    d.add("lsp_rename", |c| async move {
        lsp_rename(&c.host, &c.window, c.arg("request")?, c.arg("doc")?, c.arg("pos")?, c.arg("newName")?).await
    });
+    d.add("lsp_hierarchy_members", |c| async move {
+        lsp_hierarchy_members(&c.host, &c.window, c.arg("request")?, c.arg("doc")?, c.arg("pos")?, c.arg("kind")?).await
+    });
+    d.add("lsp_hierarchy_refactor", |c| async move {
+        lsp_hierarchy_refactor(
+            &c.host,
+            &c.window,
+            c.arg("request")?,
+            c.arg("doc")?,
+            c.arg("pos")?,
+            c.arg("kind")?,
+            c.arg("target")?,
+            c.arg("choices")?,
+        )
+        .await
+    });
    d.add("lsp_format", |c| async move {
        lsp_format(&c.host, &c.window, c.arg("doc")?, c.arg("range")?, c.arg("options")?).await
    });
@@ -735,6 +863,25 @@ pub(crate) fn register(d: &mut Dispatcher) {
 mod tests {
    use super::*;

+    #[test]
+    fn a_plugin_action_with_data_and_no_edits_is_resolved_by_its_plugin() {
+        let action = |edits: Vec<(std::path::PathBuf, Vec<TextEdit>)>, data: Option<&str>| ide_plugin::CodeAction {
+            title: "Fix".into(),
+            kind: None,
+            preferred: false,
+            edits,
+            data: data.map(str::to_owned),
+        };
+        let lazy = plugin_code_action("acme.x", action(Vec::new(), Some("ref")));
+        assert!(lazy.edit.is_none());
+        let r: PluginActionRef = serde_json::from_value(lazy.data.unwrap()).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!((r.plugin.as_str(), r.data.as_str()), ("acme.x", "ref"));
+        // With edits, `data` is the plugin's business: applied as is.
+        let edit = TextEdit { range: Range::default(), new_text: "x".into() };
+        let eager = plugin_code_action("acme.x", action(vec![("/a".into(), vec![edit])], Some("ref")));
+        assert!(eager.edit.is_some() && eager.data.is_none());
+    }
+
    #[test]
    fn every_completion_kind_the_plugin_api_documents_is_understood() {
        let wit = include_str!("../../../../wit/providers.wit");
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ pub mod debug;
 pub mod dependencies;
 pub mod deploy;
 pub mod doc;
+pub mod docker;
 pub mod env;
 pub mod fs;
 pub mod history;
@@ -87,6 +88,7 @@ pub fn register_all(d: &mut crate::rpc::Dispatcher) {
    run::register(d);
    env::register(d);
    deploy::register(d);
+    docker::register(d);
    db::register(d);
 }

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ use crate::Host;
 use crate::Project;
 use crate::rpc::Dispatcher;
 use ide_core::{DocId, IdeResult, IpcPath, Location, Pos};
-use ide_index::{FileMatch, IndexStatus, SymbolFilter, SymbolMatch};
+use ide_index::{ExtensionCount, FileMatch, IndexStatus, SymbolFilter, SymbolMatch};
 use ide_language::{FileReference, WebReference};
 use ide_workspace::file_refs::{self, PathCompletion};
 use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
@@ -32,10 +32,19 @@ pub fn index_status(host: &Host, window: &str) -> IdeResult<IndexStatus> {
    Ok(host.project(window)?.index.status())
 }

+/// The project's file extensions, most common first.
+pub fn index_file_extensions(host: &Host, window: &str) -> IdeResult<Vec<ExtensionCount>> {
+    Ok(host.project(window)?.index.file_extensions())
+}
+
 pub fn find_files(host: &Host, window: &str, query: String, limit: u32) -> IdeResult<Vec<FileMatch>> {
    Ok(host.project(window)?.index.find_files(&query, limit as usize))
 }

+pub fn find_dirs(host: &Host, window: &str, query: String, limit: u32) -> IdeResult<Vec<FileMatch>> {
+    Ok(host.project(window)?.index.find_dirs(&query, limit as usize))
+}
+
 pub fn find_symbols(
    host: &Host,
    window: &str,
@@ -156,7 +165,9 @@ pub async fn web_unresolved_references(host: &Host, window: &str, doc: DocId) ->
 /// Commands of this module the remote server answers.
 pub(crate) fn register(d: &mut Dispatcher) {
    d.add("index_status", |c| async move { index_status(&c.host, &c.window) });
+    d.add("index_file_extensions", |c| async move { index_file_extensions(&c.host, &c.window) });
    d.add("find_files", |c| async move { find_files(&c.host, &c.window, c.arg("query")?, c.arg("limit")?) });
+    d.add("find_dirs", |c| async move { find_dirs(&c.host, &c.window, c.arg("query")?, c.arg("limit")?) });
    d.add("find_symbols", |c| async move {
        find_symbols(&c.host, &c.window, c.arg("query")?, c.arg("filter")?, c.arg("limit")?)
    });
@@ -17,6 +17,8 @@ pub struct ProjectInfo {
    pub settings: Settings,
    #[serde(default, skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
    pub workspace: Option<ide_workspace::workspace::Workspace>,
+    #[serde(default, skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
+    pub unity: Option<ide_workspace::unity::UnityProjectInfo>,
 }

 pub fn info(project: &Project) -> ProjectInfo {
@@ -33,6 +35,7 @@ pub fn info(project: &Project) -> ProjectInfo {
        settings,
        root: project.root.clone().into(),
        workspace: ide_workspace::workspace::Workspace::load(&project.root).ok().flatten(),
+        unity: ide_workspace::unity::detect(&project.root),
    }
 }

@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ pub fn configs(host: &Host, window: &str) -> IdeResult<Vec<RunConfig>> {
 }

 /// A project's detected configurations (minus removed ones and unlinked Maven projects), then
-/// its saved ones; toolchains from Languages & Frameworks applied. Gradle choices stay as saved:
+/// its saved ones; toolchains from Languages & Frameworks applied. Build-tool choices stay as saved:
 /// derived defaults must not be written back as explicit environment.
 fn detected_and_saved(
    root: &std::path::Path,
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ fn detected_and_saved(
            .filter(|d| !suppressed.contains(&d.id) && !saved.iter().any(|u| u.id == d.id))
            .collect();
    all.extend(saved.iter().cloned());
-    for config in all.iter_mut().filter(|c| c.kind != "gradle") {
+    for config in all.iter_mut().filter(|c| !matches!(c.kind.as_str(), "gradle" | "maven")) {
        ide_sdk::apply::apply_to_run_configs(std::slice::from_mut(config), root, settings);
    }
    all
@@ -75,13 +75,65 @@ pub fn save_configs(
    let configs: Vec<RunConfig> = configs
        .iter()
        .map(|c| match c.kind.as_str() {
-            "gradle" => c.clone(),
+            "gradle" | "maven" => c.clone(),
            _ => ide_sdk::apply::without_derived(c, &project.root, &settings),
        })
        .collect();
    ide_run::save_user_configs_with_removals(&project.root, &configs, removed_detected_ids)
 }

+/// The project `config` runs in (a workspace member, by its working directory) and its settings.
+fn settings_for(
+    host: &Host,
+    project: &crate::project::Project,
+    config: &RunConfig,
+) -> IdeResult<(std::path::PathBuf, ide_core::settings::Settings)> {
+    let member = ide_workspace::workspace::Workspace::load(&project.root)?.and_then(|workspace| {
+        let cwd = config.cwd.as_deref()?;
+        workspace.projects.into_iter().filter(|root| cwd.starts_with(root)).max_by_key(|root| root.components().count())
+    });
+    Ok(match member {
+        Some(root) => {
+            let settings = ide_workspace::SettingsStore::load(&host.config_dir, Some(&root)).effective();
+            (root, settings)
+        }
+        None => (project.root.clone(), project.settings.effective()),
+    })
+}
+
+/// Temporary configurations as they are kept between sessions: without what settings derived
+/// (toolchain commands, Maven options, `JAVA_HOME`…), so they follow later settings changes.
+pub fn without_derived(host: &Host, window: &str, configs: Vec<RunConfig>) -> IdeResult<Vec<RunConfig>> {
+    host.require_trust(window)?;
+    let project = host.project(window)?;
+    configs
+        .into_iter()
+        .map(|c| {
+            if c.kind == "gradle" {
+                return Ok(c);
+            }
+            let (root, settings) = settings_for(host, &project, &c)?;
+            Ok(ide_sdk::apply::without_derived(&c, &root, &settings))
+        })
+        .collect()
+}
+
+/// Kept temporary configurations with today's settings applied, as [`configs`] lists the others.
+pub fn apply_settings(host: &Host, window: &str, configs: Vec<RunConfig>) -> IdeResult<Vec<RunConfig>> {
+    host.require_trust(window)?;
+    let project = host.project(window)?;
+    configs
+        .into_iter()
+        .map(|mut c| {
+            if c.kind != "gradle" {
+                let (root, settings) = settings_for(host, &project, &c)?;
+                ide_sdk::apply::apply_to_run_configs(std::slice::from_mut(&mut c), &root, &settings);
+            }
+            Ok(c)
+        })
+        .collect()
+}
+
 pub async fn start(host: &Host, window: &str, config: RunConfig, on_output: Emit<OutputChunk>) -> IdeResult<RunInfo> {
    host.require_trust(window)?;
    let project = host.project(window)?;
@@ -100,18 +152,16 @@ pub async fn start(host: &Host, window: &str, config: RunConfig, on_output: Emit
            .run(&settings, &project.root, &config, project.sink.clone(), Box::new(move |c| out(c)))
            .await;
    }
-    let member = ide_workspace::workspace::Workspace::load(&project.root)?.and_then(|workspace| {
-        let cwd = config.cwd.as_deref()?;
-        workspace.projects.into_iter().filter(|root| cwd.starts_with(root)).max_by_key(|root| root.components().count())
-    });
-    let root = member.as_ref().unwrap_or(&project.root);
-    let settings = match &member {
-        Some(root) => ide_workspace::SettingsStore::load(&host.config_dir, Some(root)).effective(),
-        None => project.settings.effective(),
-    };
+    let (root, settings) = settings_for(host, &project, &config)?;
+    let root = &root;
    // Configurations made in the UI name bare tools (`godot`) that may live outside PATH.
+    // Maven re-applies too: a config listed before a settings change (daemon toggle,
+    // Maven home) keeps the launcher that was current then; re-resolving at launch is
+    // what makes the setting take effect without reopening the project.
    let mut config = config;
-    if matches!(config.kind.as_str(), "gradle" | "tomcat") {
+    if config.kind == "maven" {
+        ide_sdk::apply::prepare_maven_run(&mut config, root, &settings);
+    } else if matches!(config.kind.as_str(), "gradle" | "tomcat") {
        ide_sdk::apply::apply_to_run_configs(std::slice::from_mut(&mut config), root, &settings);
    } else {
        ide_sdk::apply::resolve_run_command(&mut config, root, &settings);
@@ -147,7 +197,7 @@ pub async fn start(host: &Host, window: &str, config: RunConfig, on_output: Emit
    let encoding = settings.console.encoding;
    let options = StartOptions {
        encoding: Some(encoding).filter(|e| !e.trim().is_empty()),
-        python_paths: if member.is_some() { vec![root.clone()] } else { super::python::paths(&project) },
+        python_paths: if *root != project.root { vec![root.clone()] } else { super::python::paths(&project) },
    };
    project.require_trust()?;
    let mut sink = project.sink.clone();
@@ -241,6 +241,35 @@ pub async fn run_tomcat_update(host: &Host, window: &str, config: RunConfig, mod
        .map_err(|e| IdeError::internal(e.to_string()))?
 }

+/// Updates a running Tomcat artifact deployment from the module's compiled output and web
+/// resources (`ide_run::tomcat::sync_outputs`). `false`: rebuild the WAR instead.
+pub async fn run_tomcat_sync(
+    host: &Host,
+    window: &str,
+    config: RunConfig,
+    module: std::path::PathBuf,
+    class_paths: Vec<String>,
+    resources_only: bool,
+) -> IdeResult<bool> {
+    host.require_trust(window)?;
+    let project = host.project(window)?;
+    if !host.processes.list().iter().any(|r| r.running && r.config_id == config.id) {
+        return Err(IdeError::invalid("Start this Tomcat configuration before updating it"));
+    }
+    if config.extras.params.get("deployment").is_some_and(|v| v != "artifact") {
+        return Ok(false);
+    }
+    tokio::task::spawn_blocking(move || {
+        let module = dunce::canonicalize(project.root.join(module))?;
+        let class_paths: Vec<_> =
+            class_paths.iter().filter_map(|p| dunce::canonicalize(project.root.join(p)).ok()).collect();
+        let base = ide_run::tomcat::base_dir(&project.cache_dir, &config.id);
+        ide_run::tomcat::sync_outputs(&base, &module, &class_paths, resources_only)
+    })
+    .await
+    .map_err(|e| IdeError::internal(e.to_string()))?
+}
+
 /// Commands of this module the remote server answers.
 pub(crate) fn register(d: &mut Dispatcher) {
    d.add("run_dotnet_resolve", |c| async move {
@@ -255,6 +284,17 @@ pub(crate) fn register(d: &mut Dispatcher) {
    d.add("run_tomcat_home", |c| async move { run_tomcat_home(&c.host, &c.window, c.arg("home")?).await });
    d.add("run_tomcat_artifacts", |c| async move { run_tomcat_artifacts(&c.host, &c.window).await });
    d.add("run_tomcat_build", |c| async move { run_tomcat_build(&c.host, &c.window, c.arg("config")?).await });
+    d.add("run_tomcat_sync", |c| async move {
+        run_tomcat_sync(
+            &c.host,
+            &c.window,
+            c.arg("config")?,
+            c.arg("module")?,
+            c.arg("classPaths")?,
+            c.arg("resourcesOnly")?,
+        )
+        .await
+    });
    d.add("run_tomcat_update", |c| async move {
        run_tomcat_update(&c.host, &c.window, c.arg("config")?, c.arg("mode")?).await
    });
@@ -12,6 +12,76 @@ use std::path::{Path, PathBuf};

 use crate::apply_git_executable;

+/// Read-only repository access also works in a standalone log window.
+struct LogAccess {
+    project: Option<std::sync::Arc<Project>>,
+    external: Option<std::sync::Arc<Repo>>,
+    cache: PathBuf,
+}
+
+/// Immutable Git objects exposed through the editor's ordinary read-only VFS.
+pub async fn revision_virtual_document(
+    host: &Host,
+    window: &str,
+    uri: &str,
+) -> IdeResult<ide_lsp::types::VirtualDocument> {
+    #[derive(Deserialize)]
+    struct Target {
+        repo: PathBuf,
+        revision: String,
+        path: PathBuf,
+    }
+    let encoded = uri
+        .strip_prefix("git-revision:")
+        .and_then(|s| s.split('/').next())
+        .ok_or_else(|| ide_core::IdeError::invalid("invalid Git revision URI"))?;
+    if encoded.len() > 32768 || encoded.len() % 2 != 0 || !encoded.bytes().all(|b| b.is_ascii_hexdigit()) {
+        return Err(ide_core::IdeError::invalid("invalid Git revision URI"));
+    }
+    let bytes = (0..encoded.len())
+        .step_by(2)
+        .map(|i| {
+            u8::from_str_radix(&encoded[i..i + 2], 16)
+                .map_err(|_| ide_core::IdeError::invalid("invalid Git revision URI"))
+        })
+        .collect::<IdeResult<Vec<_>>>()?;
+    let target: Target = serde_json::from_slice(&bytes).map_err(|e| ide_core::IdeError::invalid(e.to_string()))?;
+    let path = target.repo.join(&target.path);
+    let text = vcs_file_at(host, window, path, Some(target.revision.clone()))
+        .await?
+        .ok_or_else(|| ide_core::IdeError::not_found("file is absent at this revision"))?;
+    Ok(ide_lsp::types::VirtualDocument {
+        uri: uri.into(),
+        language_id: host.languages.detect(&target.path, text.lines().next()),
+        text,
+        title: target.path.file_name().unwrap_or_default().to_string_lossy().into_owned(),
+        description: Some(format!("{} · {}", target.repo.display(), target.revision)),
+        decompiled: false,
+    })
+}
+impl LogAccess {
+    fn new(host: &Host, window: &str, at: Option<&Path>) -> Self {
+        let project = host.project(window).ok();
+        let external = host
+            .external_logs
+            .read()
+            .get(host.owner_window(window))
+            .and_then(|rs| rs.iter().find(|r| Some(r.root()) == at).cloned())
+            .filter(|repo| project.as_ref().is_none_or(|p| p.repos().at_root(repo.root()).is_none()));
+        Self { project, external, cache: host.local_data_dir.join("cache/git-log") }
+    }
+    fn with_log_repo_at<T>(&self, at: Option<&Path>, f: impl FnOnce(&Repo) -> IdeResult<T>) -> IdeResult<T> {
+        if let Some(repo) = &self.external {
+            repo.enable_log_index(&self.cache);
+            return f(repo);
+        }
+        self.project
+            .as_ref()
+            .ok_or_else(|| ide_core::IdeError::unavailable("external Git log is not open"))?
+            .with_log_repo_at(at, f)
+    }
+}
+
 /// A repository of the project (IDEA's VCS root).
 #[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Type)]
 #[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
@@ -182,8 +252,8 @@ pub fn vcs_roots(host: &Host, window: &str) -> IdeResult<Vec<VcsRoot>> {
 }

 pub async fn vcs_branch_info(host: &Host, window: &str, repo: Option<PathBuf>) -> IdeResult<BranchInfo> {
-    let project = host.project(window)?;
-    blocking(move || project.with_repo_at(repo.as_deref(), |r| r.branch_info())).await
+    let project = LogAccess::new(host, window, repo.as_deref());
+    blocking(move || project.with_log_repo_at(repo.as_deref(), |r| r.branch_info())).await
 }

 /// Gutter change markers for a file, computed against its current (unsaved) text.
@@ -197,9 +267,21 @@ pub async fn vcs_line_hunks(host: &Host, window: &str, path: PathBuf) -> IdeResu
 }

 pub async fn vcs_file_at(host: &Host, window: &str, path: PathBuf, rev: Option<String>) -> IdeResult<Option<String>> {
-    let project = host.project(window)?;
+    let project = host.project(window).ok();
+    let external = host.external_logs.read().get(host.owner_window(window)).and_then(|rs| {
+        rs.iter().filter(|r| path.starts_with(r.root())).max_by_key(|r| r.root().components().count()).cloned()
+    });
    blocking(move || {
-        project.with_repo_of(&path, |r| r.file_at(&path, rev.as_deref(), project.vcs_encoding(&path, rev.as_deref())?))
+        if let Some(project) = project {
+            return project.with_log_repo_of(&path, |r| {
+                r.file_at(&path, rev.as_deref(), project.vcs_encoding(&path, rev.as_deref())?)
+            });
+        }
+        external.ok_or_else(|| ide_core::IdeError::unavailable("external Git log is not open"))?.file_at(
+            &path,
+            rev.as_deref(),
+            encoding_rs::UTF_8,
+        )
    })
    .await
 }
@@ -222,9 +304,148 @@ pub async fn vcs_blame(
    .await
 }

-pub async fn vcs_log(host: &Host, window: &str, repo: Option<PathBuf>, query: LogQuery) -> IdeResult<Vec<Commit>> {
+/// History for Selection: the commits that changed `lines` (0-based, inclusive) of the
+/// editor's text of `path`. Cancellable.
+pub async fn vcs_block_history(
+    host: &Host,
+    window: &str,
+    request: RequestId,
+    path: PathBuf,
+    text: Option<String>,
+    lines: (u32, u32),
+) -> IdeResult<BlockHistory> {
    let project = host.project(window)?;
-    blocking(move || project.with_repo_at(repo.as_deref(), |r| r.log(&query))).await
+    let cancel = host.begin_request(request);
+    let result = blocking(move || {
+        let text = text.or_else(|| project.documents.text_of(&path));
+        project.with_repo_of(&path, |r| {
+            r.block_history(&path, text.as_deref(), lines, project.vcs_encoding(&path, None)?, &cancel)
+        })
+    })
+    .await;
+    host.end_request(request);
+    result
+}
+
+pub async fn vcs_log(host: &Host, window: &str, repo: Option<PathBuf>, query: LogQuery) -> IdeResult<Vec<Commit>> {
+    let project = LogAccess::new(host, window, repo.as_deref());
+    let request = query.request;
+    let cancel =
+        request.map_or_else(ide_core::CancellationToken::new, |id| host.begin_project_read_request(window, id));
+    let result = blocking(move || {
+        project.with_log_repo_at(repo.as_deref(), |r| {
+            r.enable_log_index(&project.cache);
+            r.log_cancellable(&query, &cancel)
+        })
+    })
+    .await;
+    if let Some(id) = request {
+        host.end_request(id);
+    }
+    result
+}
+
+pub async fn vcs_log_refs(
+    host: &Host,
+    window: &str,
+    repo: Option<PathBuf>,
+) -> IdeResult<std::collections::BTreeMap<String, String>> {
+    let project = LogAccess::new(host, window, repo.as_deref());
+    blocking(move || project.with_log_repo_at(repo.as_deref(), |r| r.log_refs())).await
+}
+
+pub async fn vcs_log_users(host: &Host, window: &str, repo: Option<PathBuf>) -> IdeResult<Vec<String>> {
+    let project = LogAccess::new(host, window, repo.as_deref());
+    blocking(move || project.with_log_repo_at(repo.as_deref(), |r| r.log_users())).await
+}
+
+pub async fn vcs_open_external_log(host: &Host, window: &str, path: PathBuf) -> IdeResult<ide_core::IpcPath> {
+    let path = dunce::canonicalize(path)?;
+    let repo = Repo::discover(&path)?.ok_or_else(|| ide_core::IdeError::unavailable("folder is not a Git worktree"))?;
+    let root = repo.root().to_path_buf();
+    repo.set_execution_allowed(false);
+    repo.enable_log_index(&host.local_data_dir.join("cache/git-log"));
+    if let Ok(project) = host.project(window) {
+        project.open_external_log(&root)?;
+    }
+    let mut logs = host.external_logs.write();
+    let roots = logs.entry(host.owner_window(window).to_string()).or_default();
+    if !roots.iter().any(|r| r.root() == root) {
+        roots.push(std::sync::Arc::new(repo));
+    }
+    Ok(root.into())
+}
+
+pub async fn vcs_log_details(
+    host: &Host,
+    window: &str,
+    repo: Option<PathBuf>,
+    revision: String,
+) -> IdeResult<LogDetails> {
+    let project = LogAccess::new(host, window, repo.as_deref());
+    blocking(move || project.with_log_repo_at(repo.as_deref(), |r| r.log_details(&revision))).await
+}
+
+pub async fn vcs_log_details_batch(
+    host: &Host,
+    window: &str,
+    repo: Option<PathBuf>,
+    revisions: Vec<String>,
+    request: RequestId,
+) -> IdeResult<Vec<LogDetails>> {
+    let project = LogAccess::new(host, window, repo.as_deref());
+    let cancel = host.begin_project_read_request(window, request);
+    let result = blocking(move || {
+        project.with_log_repo_at(repo.as_deref(), |r| {
+            revisions.iter().map(|id| r.log_details_cancellable(id, &cancel)).collect()
+        })
+    })
+    .await;
+    host.end_request(request);
+    result
+}
+
+pub async fn vcs_log_index(
+    host: &Host,
+    window: &str,
+    repo: Option<PathBuf>,
+    request: Option<RequestId>,
+) -> IdeResult<LogIndexProgress> {
+    let project = LogAccess::new(host, window, repo.as_deref());
+    let cancel =
+        request.map_or_else(ide_core::CancellationToken::new, |id| host.begin_project_read_request(window, id));
+    let result = blocking(move || {
+        project.with_log_repo_at(repo.as_deref(), |r| {
+            r.enable_log_index(&project.cache);
+            if request.is_some() { r.index_log(&cancel) } else { Ok(r.log_index_progress()) }
+        })
+    })
+    .await;
+    if let Some(request) = request {
+        host.end_request(request);
+    }
+    result
+}
+
+pub async fn vcs_revision_children(
+    host: &Host,
+    window: &str,
+    repo: Option<PathBuf>,
+    revision: String,
+    directory: String,
+) -> IdeResult<Vec<String>> {
+    let project = LogAccess::new(host, window, repo.as_deref());
+    blocking(move || project.with_log_repo_at(repo.as_deref(), |r| r.revision_children(&revision, &directory))).await
+}
+
+pub async fn vcs_revision_files(
+    host: &Host,
+    window: &str,
+    repo: Option<PathBuf>,
+    revision: String,
+) -> IdeResult<Vec<String>> {
+    let project = LogAccess::new(host, window, repo.as_deref());
+    blocking(move || project.with_log_repo_at(repo.as_deref(), |r| r.revision_files(&revision))).await
 }

 pub async fn vcs_commit_files(
@@ -233,8 +454,8 @@ pub async fn vcs_commit_files(
    repo: Option<PathBuf>,
    commit: String,
 ) -> IdeResult<Vec<ChangedFile>> {
-    let project = host.project(window)?;
-    blocking(move || project.with_repo_at(repo.as_deref(), |r| r.commit_files(&commit))).await
+    let project = LogAccess::new(host, window, repo.as_deref());
+    blocking(move || project.with_log_repo_at(repo.as_deref(), |r| r.commit_files(&commit))).await
 }

 /// Combined changes of several commits, `commits` oldest first.
@@ -244,13 +465,13 @@ pub async fn vcs_commits_changes(
    repo: Option<PathBuf>,
    commits: Vec<String>,
 ) -> IdeResult<Vec<RevisionChange>> {
-    let project = host.project(window)?;
-    blocking(move || project.with_repo_at(repo.as_deref(), |r| r.commits_changes(&commits))).await
+    let project = LogAccess::new(host, window, repo.as_deref());
+    blocking(move || project.with_log_repo_at(repo.as_deref(), |r| r.commits_changes(&commits))).await
 }

 pub async fn vcs_branches(host: &Host, window: &str, repo: Option<PathBuf>) -> IdeResult<Vec<Branch>> {
-    let project = host.project(window)?;
-    blocking(move || project.with_repo_at(repo.as_deref(), |r| r.branches())).await
+    let project = LogAccess::new(host, window, repo.as_deref());
+    blocking(move || project.with_log_repo_at(repo.as_deref(), |r| r.branches())).await
 }

 pub async fn vcs_stashes(host: &Host, window: &str, repo: Option<PathBuf>) -> IdeResult<Vec<Stash>> {
@@ -605,8 +826,8 @@ pub async fn vcs_config_get(
    repo: Option<PathBuf>,
    key: String,
 ) -> IdeResult<Option<String>> {
-    let project = host.project(window)?;
-    blocking(move || project.with_repo_at(repo.as_deref(), |r| r.config_get(&key))).await
+    let project = LogAccess::new(host, window, repo.as_deref());
+    blocking(move || project.with_log_repo_at(repo.as_deref(), |r| r.config_get(&key))).await
 }

 /// Local history operation that may take a while (hooks, large checkouts); git's
@@ -667,8 +888,8 @@ pub async fn vcs_create_tag(
 }

 pub async fn vcs_tags(host: &Host, window: &str, repo: Option<PathBuf>) -> IdeResult<Vec<String>> {
-    let project = host.project(window)?;
-    blocking(move || project.with_repo_at(repo.as_deref(), |r| r.tags())).await
+    let project = LogAccess::new(host, window, repo.as_deref());
+    blocking(move || project.with_log_repo_at(repo.as_deref(), |r| r.tags())).await
 }

 /// Merge dialog: merges `branches` into the current branch.
@@ -704,8 +925,8 @@ pub async fn vcs_rebase_with(
 }

 pub async fn vcs_remotes(host: &Host, window: &str, repo: Option<PathBuf>) -> IdeResult<Vec<Remote>> {
-    let project = host.project(window)?;
-    blocking(move || project.with_repo_at(repo.as_deref(), |r| r.remotes())).await
+    let project = LogAccess::new(host, window, repo.as_deref());
+    blocking(move || project.with_log_repo_at(repo.as_deref(), |r| r.remotes())).await
 }

 pub async fn vcs_edit_remote(host: &Host, window: &str, repo: Option<PathBuf>, edit: RemoteEdit) -> IdeResult<()> {
@@ -792,8 +1013,8 @@ pub async fn vcs_diff_with_worktree(
    repo: Option<PathBuf>,
    rev: String,
 ) -> IdeResult<Vec<ChangedFile>> {
-    let project = host.project(window)?;
-    blocking(move || project.with_repo_at(repo.as_deref(), |r| r.diff_with_worktree(&rev))).await
+    let project = LogAccess::new(host, window, repo.as_deref());
+    blocking(move || project.with_log_repo_at(repo.as_deref(), |r| r.diff_with_worktree(&rev))).await
 }

 /// Files that differ between two revisions (the "N files updated" of Update Project).
@@ -804,8 +1025,8 @@ pub async fn vcs_diff_revisions(
    from: String,
    to: String,
 ) -> IdeResult<Vec<ChangedFile>> {
-    let project = host.project(window)?;
-    blocking(move || project.with_repo_at(repo.as_deref(), |r| r.diff_revisions(&from, &to))).await
+    let project = LogAccess::new(host, window, repo.as_deref());
+    blocking(move || project.with_log_repo_at(repo.as_deref(), |r| r.diff_revisions(&from, &to))).await
 }

 /// The best common ancestor of `a` and `b` (`git merge-base`), if any: the New Pull
@@ -987,7 +1208,30 @@ pub(crate) fn register(d: &mut Dispatcher) {
    d.add("vcs_blame", |c| async move {
        vcs_blame(&c.host, &c.window, c.arg("path")?, c.arg("text")?, c.arg("revision")?).await
    });
+    d.add("vcs_block_history", |c| async move {
+        let (request, path, text, lines) = (c.arg("request")?, c.arg("path")?, c.arg("text")?, c.arg("lines")?);
+        vcs_block_history(&c.host, &c.window, request, path, text, lines).await
+    });
    d.add("vcs_log", |c| async move { vcs_log(&c.host, &c.window, c.arg("repo")?, c.arg("query")?).await });
+    d.add("vcs_log_refs", |c| async move { vcs_log_refs(&c.host, &c.window, c.arg("repo")?).await });
+    d.add("vcs_log_users", |c| async move { vcs_log_users(&c.host, &c.window, c.arg("repo")?).await });
+    d.add("vcs_open_external_log", |c| async move { vcs_open_external_log(&c.host, &c.window, c.arg("path")?).await });
+    d.add("vcs_log_details", |c| async move {
+        vcs_log_details(&c.host, &c.window, c.arg("repo")?, c.arg("revision")?).await
+    });
+    d.add("vcs_log_details_batch", |c| async move {
+        vcs_log_details_batch(&c.host, &c.window, c.arg("repo")?, c.arg("revisions")?, c.arg("request")?).await
+    });
+    d.add(
+        "vcs_log_index",
+        |c| async move { vcs_log_index(&c.host, &c.window, c.arg("repo")?, c.arg("request")?).await },
+    );
+    d.add("vcs_revision_children", |c| async move {
+        vcs_revision_children(&c.host, &c.window, c.arg("repo")?, c.arg("revision")?, c.arg("directory")?).await
+    });
+    d.add("vcs_revision_files", |c| async move {
+        vcs_revision_files(&c.host, &c.window, c.arg("repo")?, c.arg("revision")?).await
+    });
    d.add("vcs_commit_files", |c| async move {
        vcs_commit_files(&c.host, &c.window, c.arg("repo")?, c.arg("commit")?).await
    });
@@ -0,0 +1,207 @@
+use super::icon_patterns::validate_pattern;
+use ide_extension::validate_item_id;
+use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
+use std::collections::{BTreeMap, BTreeSet};
+use std::path::PathBuf;
+
+const MAX_GROUPS: usize = 64;
+const MAX_CHOICES: usize = 16;
+const MAX_CHOICE_OPTIONS: usize = 16;
+const MAX_NAME_LEN: usize = 255;
+pub(super) const DARK_SUFFIX: &str = "_dark";
+
+#[derive(Deserialize)]
+#[serde(untagged)]
+pub(super) enum IconDefinition {
+    Path(PathBuf),
+    Variants(IconVariants),
+}
+
+#[derive(Deserialize)]
+#[serde(deny_unknown_fields)]
+pub(super) struct IconVariants {
+    light: PathBuf,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    dark: Option<PathBuf>,
+}
+
+impl IconDefinition {
+    pub(super) fn light(&self) -> &PathBuf {
+        match self {
+            IconDefinition::Path(p) => p,
+            IconDefinition::Variants(v) => &v.light,
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub(super) fn dark(&self) -> Option<&PathBuf> {
+        match self {
+            IconDefinition::Path(_) => None,
+            IconDefinition::Variants(v) => v.dark.as_ref(),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Default, PartialEq, Eq, Deserialize, Serialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub(super) enum Target {
+    #[default]
+    File,
+    Folder,
+}
+
+#[derive(Deserialize, Serialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase", deny_unknown_fields)]
+pub(super) struct Pattern {
+    pattern: String,
+    icon: String,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    target: Target,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    path: bool,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    ignore_case: bool,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    group: Option<String>,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    open_icon: Option<String>,
+}
+
+fn enabled_by_default() -> bool {
+    true
+}
+
+#[derive(Deserialize, Serialize)]
+#[serde(deny_unknown_fields)]
+pub(super) struct Group {
+    pub(super) id: String,
+    name: String,
+    #[serde(default = "enabled_by_default")]
+    enabled: bool,
+}
+
+#[derive(Deserialize, Serialize)]
+#[serde(deny_unknown_fields)]
+pub(super) struct ChoiceOption {
+    pub(super) id: String,
+    pub(super) name: String,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    overrides: BTreeMap<String, String>,
+}
+
+#[derive(Deserialize, Serialize)]
+#[serde(deny_unknown_fields)]
+pub(super) struct Choice {
+    pub(super) id: String,
+    pub(super) name: String,
+    pub(super) default: String,
+    pub(super) options: Vec<ChoiceOption>,
+}
+
+#[derive(Default, Deserialize, Serialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub(super) struct Extensions {
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub(super) patterns: Vec<Pattern>,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub(super) overrides: BTreeMap<String, String>,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub(super) groups: Vec<Group>,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub(super) choices: Vec<Choice>,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub(super) accent: bool,
+}
+
+pub(super) fn check_icon_id(id: &str) -> Result<(), String> {
+    validate_item_id(id, "icon id")?;
+    if id.ends_with(DARK_SUFFIX) {
+        return Err(format!("icon id {id:?}: the {DARK_SUFFIX:?} suffix is reserved for dark variants"));
+    }
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+fn check_named(id: &str, name: &str, what: &str) -> Result<(), String> {
+    validate_item_id(id, what)?;
+    if name.trim().is_empty() || name.len() > MAX_NAME_LEN {
+        return Err(format!("{what} {id:?}: name must have 1 to {MAX_NAME_LEN} characters"));
+    }
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+fn check_unique<'a>(ids: impl Iterator<Item = &'a String>, what: &str) -> Result<(), String> {
+    let mut seen = BTreeSet::new();
+    match ids.into_iter().find(|id| !seen.insert(*id)) {
+        Some(id) => Err(format!("duplicate {what} {id:?}")),
+        None => Ok(()),
+    }
+}
+
+impl Extensions {
+    pub(super) fn mappings(&self) -> usize {
+        let chosen: usize = self.choices.iter().flat_map(|c| &c.options).map(|o| o.overrides.len()).sum();
+        self.patterns.len() + self.overrides.len() + chosen
+    }
+
+    pub(super) fn validate(&self, check_ref: &dyn Fn(&str, &str) -> Result<(), String>) -> Result<(), String> {
+        self.validate_groups()?;
+        for p in &self.patterns {
+            validate_pattern(&p.pattern)?;
+            check_ref(&p.icon, "patterns")?;
+            if let Some(group) = &p.group
+                && !self.groups.iter().any(|g| &g.id == group)
+            {
+                return Err(format!("pattern {:?}: unknown group {group:?}", p.pattern));
+            }
+            if let Some(open) = &p.open_icon {
+                if p.target != Target::Folder {
+                    return Err(format!("pattern {:?}: openIcon is only for folder patterns", p.pattern));
+                }
+                check_ref(open, "patterns")?;
+            }
+        }
+        check_overrides(&self.overrides, check_ref, "overrides")?;
+        for choice in &self.choices {
+            for option in &choice.options {
+                check_overrides(&option.overrides, check_ref, "choices")?;
+            }
+        }
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    fn validate_groups(&self) -> Result<(), String> {
+        if self.groups.len() > MAX_GROUPS || self.choices.len() > MAX_CHOICES {
+            return Err(format!("too many groups or choices (max {MAX_GROUPS} and {MAX_CHOICES})"));
+        }
+        for g in &self.groups {
+            check_named(&g.id, &g.name, "group")?;
+        }
+        check_unique(self.groups.iter().map(|g| &g.id), "group")?;
+        check_unique(self.choices.iter().map(|c| &c.id), "choice")?;
+        for choice in &self.choices {
+            check_named(&choice.id, &choice.name, "choice")?;
+            if choice.options.is_empty() || choice.options.len() > MAX_CHOICE_OPTIONS {
+                return Err(format!("choice {:?}: expected 1 to {MAX_CHOICE_OPTIONS} options", choice.id));
+            }
+            for option in &choice.options {
+                check_named(&option.id, &option.name, "choice option")?;
+            }
+            check_unique(choice.options.iter().map(|o| &o.id), "choice option")?;
+            if !choice.options.iter().any(|o| o.id == choice.default) {
+                return Err(format!("choice {:?}: default {:?} is not one of its options", choice.id, choice.default));
+            }
+        }
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}
+
+fn check_overrides(
+    overrides: &BTreeMap<String, String>,
+    check_ref: &dyn Fn(&str, &str) -> Result<(), String>,
+    what: &str,
+) -> Result<(), String> {
+    for (name, icon) in overrides {
+        validate_item_id(name, "overridden icon name")?;
+        check_ref(icon, what)?;
+    }
+    Ok(())
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+use regex_syntax::hir::{Hir, HirKind};
+
+pub(crate) const MAX_PATTERN_LEN: usize = 512;
+const NAME_LEN: u64 = 256;
+const MAX_COST: u64 = 4 * NAME_LEN * NAME_LEN;
+
+const UNSUPPORTED: &[(&str, &str)] = &[
+    ("\\A", "\\A"),
+    ("\\z", "\\z"),
+    ("\\Z", "\\Z"),
+    ("\\p", "\\p"),
+    ("\\P", "\\P"),
+    ("[[:", "a POSIX class"),
+    ("&&", "class intersection"),
+    ("~~", "class symmetric difference"),
+];
+
+pub(crate) fn validate_pattern(pattern: &str) -> Result<(), String> {
+    if pattern.len() > MAX_PATTERN_LEN {
+        return Err(format!("pattern {pattern:?} is too long (max {MAX_PATTERN_LEN})"));
+    }
+    if let Some(construct) = unsupported_construct(pattern) {
+        return Err(format!("pattern {pattern:?}: {construct} is not supported"));
+    }
+    let hir = regex_syntax::Parser::new().parse(pattern).map_err(|e| format!("invalid pattern {pattern:?}: {e}"))?;
+    match cost(&hir) {
+        Err(why) => Err(format!("pattern {pattern:?}: {why} is not supported")),
+        Ok(c) if c > MAX_COST => Err(format!("pattern {pattern:?} is too complex: too many ways to match one name")),
+        Ok(_) => Ok(()),
+    }
+}
+
+fn unsupported_construct(pattern: &str) -> Option<&'static str> {
+    if pattern.match_indices("(?").any(|(at, _)| !pattern[at + 2..].starts_with(':')) {
+        return Some("an inline flag, lookaround or named group");
+    }
+    UNSUPPORTED.iter().find(|(needle, _)| pattern.contains(needle)).map(|(_, what)| *what)
+}
+
+fn cost(hir: &Hir) -> Result<u64, &'static str> {
+    match hir.kind() {
+        HirKind::Empty | HirKind::Literal(_) | HirKind::Class(_) | HirKind::Look(_) => Ok(1),
+        HirKind::Capture(c) => cost(&c.sub),
+        HirKind::Concat(items) => items.iter().try_fold(1u64, |acc, h| Ok(acc.saturating_mul(cost(h)?))),
+        HirKind::Alternation(items) => items.iter().try_fold(0u64, |acc, h| Ok(acc.saturating_add(cost(h)?))),
+        HirKind::Repetition(r) => match r.max {
+            None if matches!(r.sub.kind(), HirKind::Literal(_) | HirKind::Class(_)) => Ok(NAME_LEN),
+            None => Err("a repeated group (`(…)*`, `(…)+`)"),
+            Some(max) => Ok(cost(&r.sub)?.saturating_add(1).saturating_pow(max)),
+        },
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+
+    fn err(pattern: &str) -> String {
+        validate_pattern(pattern).unwrap_err()
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn accepts_typical_file_name_patterns() {
+        for pattern in [
+            r"^(architecture|ARCHITECTURE)(\.(md|rst|txt))?$",
+            r"(main|workflow|ci|release|build|config)\.ya?ml$",
+            r"^[a-z]+\.d\.ts$",
+            r"^\.?eslintrc(\.(js|cjs|json|ya?ml))?$",
+            r"^.*\.config\.[cm]?[jt]s$",
+            r"^.*-(test|spec)\..*$",
+            r"^[0-9]{4}-[0-9]{2}\.log$",
+        ] {
+            assert!(validate_pattern(pattern).is_ok(), "{pattern}: {:?}", validate_pattern(pattern));
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn rejects_patterns_that_backtrack_catastrophically() {
+        assert!(err(r"(a+)+$").contains("repeated group"));
+        assert!(err(r"(?:a*)*").contains("repeated group"));
+        assert!(err(r"^(\w|\w\w)*!$").contains("repeated group"));
+        assert!(err(r"^(a|aa)+$").contains("repeated group"));
+        assert!(err(r"^.*.*.*x$").contains("too complex"));
+        assert!(err(r"^(a?){30}a{30}$").contains("too complex"));
+        assert!(err(&format!("^{}b$", "(a|aa)".repeat(20))).contains("too complex"));
+        assert!(err(r"x{0,40}").contains("too complex"));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn rejects_constructs_javascript_reads_differently() {
+        assert!(err(r"(?i)readme").contains("not supported"));
+        assert!(err(r"(?P<n>a)").contains("not supported"));
+        assert!(err(r"\Areadme").contains("not supported"));
+        assert!(err(r"readme\z").contains("not supported"));
+        assert!(err(r"\p{L}").contains("not supported"));
+        assert!(err(r"[[:alpha:]]").contains("not supported"));
+        assert!(err(r"[a-z&&[^x]]").contains("not supported"));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn rejects_invalid_and_oversized_patterns() {
+        assert!(err("(").contains("invalid pattern"));
+        assert!(err(&"a".repeat(MAX_PATTERN_LEN + 1)).contains("too long"));
+    }
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,185 @@
+use super::icon_extensions::Extensions;
+use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
+
+const MAX_SECTIONS: usize = 16;
+const MAX_ITEMS: usize = 32;
+const MAX_TEXT_LEN: usize = 255;
+const MAX_HINT_LEN: usize = 512;
+const MAX_COLUMNS: u8 = 4;
+
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, Deserialize, Serialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub(super) enum SettingOption {
+    HideFiles,
+    HideFolders,
+    HideUiIcons,
+    HidePsiIcons,
+    HollowFolders,
+    Groups,
+    Choice,
+    Accent,
+    Monochrome,
+    Saturation,
+    Opacity,
+    IconSize,
+    RowHeight,
+}
+
+#[derive(Deserialize, Serialize)]
+#[serde(untagged)]
+pub(super) enum SettingDefault {
+    Number(u8),
+    Color(String),
+}
+
+#[derive(Deserialize, Serialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase", deny_unknown_fields)]
+pub(super) struct SettingItem {
+    option: SettingOption,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    label: Option<String>,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    hint: Option<String>,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    invert: bool,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    choice: Option<String>,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    columns: Option<u8>,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    default: Option<SettingDefault>,
+}
+
+#[derive(Deserialize, Serialize)]
+#[serde(deny_unknown_fields)]
+pub(super) struct SettingsSection {
+    title: String,
+    items: Vec<SettingItem>,
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize)]
+struct ChoiceSummary<'a> {
+    id: &'a str,
+    name: &'a str,
+    default: &'a str,
+    options: Vec<OptionSummary<'a>>,
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize)]
+struct OptionSummary<'a> {
+    id: &'a str,
+    name: &'a str,
+}
+
+fn check_text(text: &str, max: usize, what: &str) -> Result<(), String> {
+    if text.trim().is_empty() || text.len() > max {
+        return Err(format!("settings: {what} must have 1 to {max} characters"));
+    }
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+fn range(option: SettingOption) -> Option<(u8, u8)> {
+    match option {
+        SettingOption::Saturation => Some((0, 20)),
+        SettingOption::Opacity => Some((10, 100)),
+        SettingOption::IconSize => Some((12, 32)),
+        SettingOption::RowHeight => Some((16, 48)),
+        _ => None,
+    }
+}
+
+fn is_color(text: &str) -> bool {
+    text.len() == 7 && text.starts_with('#') && text[1..].chars().all(|c| c.is_ascii_hexdigit())
+}
+
+fn is_flag(option: SettingOption) -> bool {
+    matches!(
+        option,
+        SettingOption::HideFiles
+            | SettingOption::HideFolders
+            | SettingOption::HideUiIcons
+            | SettingOption::HidePsiIcons
+            | SettingOption::HollowFolders
+    )
+}
+
+impl SettingItem {
+    fn validate(&self, ext: &Extensions) -> Result<(), String> {
+        let named = !matches!(self.option, SettingOption::Groups | SettingOption::Choice);
+        match &self.label {
+            Some(label) => check_text(label, MAX_TEXT_LEN, "label")?,
+            None if named => return Err("settings: label is required".into()),
+            None => {}
+        }
+        if let Some(hint) = &self.hint {
+            check_text(hint, MAX_HINT_LEN, "hint")?;
+        }
+        if self.invert && !is_flag(self.option) {
+            return Err("settings: invert is only for on/off options".into());
+        }
+        if self.columns.is_some_and(|c| c == 0 || c > MAX_COLUMNS)
+            || (self.columns.is_some() && self.option != SettingOption::Groups)
+        {
+            return Err(format!("settings: columns are 1 to {MAX_COLUMNS}, for groups only"));
+        }
+        match (self.option, &self.choice) {
+            (SettingOption::Choice, Some(id)) if !ext.choices.iter().any(|c| &c.id == id) => {
+                return Err(format!("settings: unknown choice {id:?}"));
+            }
+            (SettingOption::Choice, None) => return Err("settings: choice items name their choice".into()),
+            (SettingOption::Choice, Some(_)) | (_, None) => {}
+            (_, Some(_)) => return Err("settings: only choice items name a choice".into()),
+        }
+        if self.option == SettingOption::Accent && !ext.accent {
+            return Err("settings: the accent option needs \"accent\": true".into());
+        }
+        self.validate_default()
+    }
+
+    fn validate_default(&self) -> Result<(), String> {
+        let colored = matches!(self.option, SettingOption::Accent | SettingOption::Monochrome);
+        match (range(self.option), &self.default) {
+            (Some((min, max)), Some(SettingDefault::Number(n))) if (min..=max).contains(n) => Ok(()),
+            (Some((min, max)), _) => Err(format!("settings: a default from {min} to {max} is required")),
+            (None, Some(SettingDefault::Color(c))) if colored && is_color(c) => Ok(()),
+            (None, _) if colored => Err("settings: a #rrggbb default is required".into()),
+            (None, None) => Ok(()),
+            (None, Some(_)) => Err("settings: this option takes no default".into()),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+pub(super) fn validate(sections: &[SettingsSection], ext: &Extensions) -> Result<(), String> {
+    if sections.len() > MAX_SECTIONS {
+        return Err(format!("settings: more than {MAX_SECTIONS} sections"));
+    }
+    for section in sections {
+        check_text(&section.title, MAX_TEXT_LEN, "title")?;
+        if section.items.len() > MAX_ITEMS {
+            return Err(format!("settings: more than {MAX_ITEMS} items in {:?}", section.title));
+        }
+        for item in &section.items {
+            item.validate(ext)?;
+        }
+    }
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+pub(super) fn summary(sections: &[SettingsSection], ext: &Extensions) -> serde_json::Value {
+    let choices: Vec<ChoiceSummary> = ext
+        .choices
+        .iter()
+        .map(|c| ChoiceSummary {
+            id: &c.id,
+            name: &c.name,
+            default: &c.default,
+            options: c.options.iter().map(|o| OptionSummary { id: &o.id, name: &o.name }).collect(),
+        })
+        .collect();
+    serde_json::json!({
+        "groups": ext.groups,
+        "choices": choices,
+        "accent": ext.accent,
+        "settings": sections,
+    })
+}
@@ -24,6 +24,8 @@
 //! asset; the client fetches the mapping and the icons only when the theme is
 //! selected, so installed icon themes cost nothing at start-up.

+use super::icon_extensions::{Choice, DARK_SUFFIX, Extensions, Group, IconDefinition, Pattern, check_icon_id};
+use super::icon_settings::{self, SettingsSection};
 use ide_extension::{Package, UiDecl, check_relative, decode, validate_item_id};
 use serde::Deserialize;
 use std::collections::{BTreeMap, BTreeSet};
@@ -45,7 +47,7 @@ struct Decl {
 #[derive(Deserialize)]
 #[serde(rename_all = "camelCase", deny_unknown_fields)]
 struct ThemeFile {
-    icon_definitions: BTreeMap<String, PathBuf>,
+    icon_definitions: BTreeMap<String, IconDefinition>,
    #[serde(default)]
    file: Option<String>,
    #[serde(default)]
@@ -53,11 +55,25 @@ struct ThemeFile {
    #[serde(default)]
    folder_expanded: Option<String>,
    #[serde(default)]
+    folder_open: Option<String>,
+    #[serde(default)]
    file_extensions: BTreeMap<String, String>,
    #[serde(default)]
    file_names: BTreeMap<String, String>,
    #[serde(default)]
    folder_names: BTreeMap<String, String>,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    patterns: Vec<Pattern>,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    overrides: BTreeMap<String, String>,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    groups: Vec<Group>,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    choices: Vec<Choice>,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    accent: bool,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    settings: Vec<SettingsSection>,
 }

 /// Asset id of a theme's mapping (JSON).
@@ -65,6 +81,10 @@ pub fn map_asset(theme: &str) -> String {
    format!("iconTheme/{theme}/map")
 }

+pub fn settings_asset(theme: &str) -> String {
+    format!("iconTheme/{theme}/settings")
+}
+
 /// Asset id prefix of a theme's SVGs (`…/svg/<icon id>`).
 pub fn svg_prefix(theme: &str) -> String {
    format!("iconTheme/{theme}/svg/")
@@ -87,12 +107,20 @@ pub(super) fn icon_theme(pkg: &Package, decl: toml::Value) -> Result<UiDecl, Str
        return Err(format!("icon theme {:?} has an empty label", d.id));
    }
    let src = pkg.read_text(&d.path)?;
-    let theme: ThemeFile = serde_json::from_str(&src).map_err(|e| format!("{}: {e}", d.path.display()))?;
+    let mut theme: ThemeFile = serde_json::from_str(&src).map_err(|e| format!("{}: {e}", d.path.display()))?;
+    let extensions = Extensions {
+        patterns: std::mem::take(&mut theme.patterns),
+        overrides: std::mem::take(&mut theme.overrides),
+        groups: std::mem::take(&mut theme.groups),
+        choices: std::mem::take(&mut theme.choices),
+        accent: theme.accent,
+    };
    let at = |what: &str| format!("{} ({what})", d.path.display());
    if theme.icon_definitions.len() > MAX_ICONS {
        return Err(format!("{}: more than {MAX_ICONS} icons", d.path.display()));
    }
-    let mappings = theme.file_extensions.len() + theme.file_names.len() + theme.folder_names.len();
+    let mappings =
+        theme.file_extensions.len() + theme.file_names.len() + theme.folder_names.len() + extensions.mappings();
    if mappings > MAX_MAPPINGS {
        return Err(format!("{}: more than {MAX_MAPPINGS} mappings", d.path.display()));
    }
@@ -100,7 +128,17 @@ pub(super) fn icon_theme(pkg: &Package, decl: toml::Value) -> Result<UiDecl, Str
    let check_ref = |icon: &str, what: &str| -> Result<(), String> {
        if defined.contains(icon) { Ok(()) } else { Err(format!("{}: unknown icon {icon:?}", at(what))) }
    };
-    for (what, icon) in [("file", &theme.file), ("folder", &theme.folder), ("folderExpanded", &theme.folder_expanded)] {
+    for icon in theme.icon_definitions.keys() {
+        check_icon_id(icon)?;
+    }
+    extensions.validate(&check_ref)?;
+    icon_settings::validate(&theme.settings, &extensions).map_err(|e| format!("{}: {e}", d.path.display()))?;
+    for (what, icon) in [
+        ("file", &theme.file),
+        ("folder", &theme.folder),
+        ("folderExpanded", &theme.folder_expanded),
+        ("folderOpen", &theme.folder_open),
+    ] {
        if let Some(icon) = icon {
            check_ref(icon, what)?;
        }
@@ -125,20 +163,31 @@ pub(super) fn icon_theme(pkg: &Package, decl: toml::Value) -> Result<UiDecl, Str

    let mut assets = Vec::with_capacity(theme.icon_definitions.len() + 1);
    let mut files = vec![d.path.clone()];
-    for (icon, path) in &theme.icon_definitions {
-        validate_item_id(icon, "icon id")?;
-        let clean = read_icon(pkg, path)?;
-        assets.push((format!("{}{icon}", svg_prefix(&d.id)), clean));
-        files.push(path.clone());
+    for (icon, def) in &theme.icon_definitions {
+        let dark = def.dark().map(|path| (path, DARK_SUFFIX));
+        for (path, suffix) in std::iter::once((def.light(), "")).chain(dark) {
+            let clean = read_icon(pkg, path)?;
+            assets.push((format!("{}{icon}{suffix}", svg_prefix(&d.id)), clean));
+            files.push(path.clone());
+        }
    }
    let map = serde_json::json!({
        "file": theme.file,
        "folder": theme.folder,
        "folderExpanded": theme.folder_expanded,
+        "folderOpen": theme.folder_open,
        "fileExtensions": file_extensions,
        "fileNames": file_names,
        "folderNames": folder_names,
+        "patterns": extensions.patterns,
+        "overrides": extensions.overrides,
+        "groups": extensions.groups,
+        "choices": extensions.choices,
+        "accent": extensions.accent,
    });
+    if !theme.settings.is_empty() {
+        assets.push((settings_asset(&d.id), icon_settings::summary(&theme.settings, &extensions).to_string()));
+    }
    assets.push((map_asset(&d.id), map.to_string()));
    let json = serde_json::json!({ "id": d.id, "label": d.label, "icons": theme.icon_definitions.len() });
    let mut out = UiDecl::new(d.id.clone(), d.label, json);
@@ -612,4 +661,184 @@ mod tests {
        assert!(icon_theme(&pkg, decl("evil.json")).unwrap_err().contains("evil.svg"));
        assert!(icon_theme(&pkg, decl("../x.json")).is_err());
    }
+
+    const SVG: &str = r#"<svg viewBox="0 0 16 16"><path d="M0 0h16v16z"/></svg>"#;
+
+    fn theme_package(theme: &str) -> (tempfile::TempDir, Package) {
+        let tmp = tempfile::tempdir().unwrap();
+        let dir = tmp.path();
+        std::fs::create_dir_all(dir.join("icons")).unwrap();
+        for icon in ["file", "folder", "folder-src", "folder-src-open", "rust", "rust-dark", "tests", "arrow"] {
+            std::fs::write(dir.join(format!("icons/{icon}.svg")), SVG).unwrap();
+        }
+        std::fs::write(dir.join("theme.json"), theme).unwrap();
+        let manifest = ide_extension::Manifest::parse(
+            "id = \"p\"\nname = \"P\"\nversion = \"1.0.0\"\nengines.openidea = \"^1.0\"",
+        )
+        .unwrap();
+        let pkg = Package::new(manifest, dir.to_path_buf());
+        (tmp, pkg)
+    }
+
+    fn load(theme: &str) -> Result<UiDecl, String> {
+        let (_tmp, pkg) = theme_package(theme);
+        let mut t = toml::Table::new();
+        t.insert("id".into(), "m".into());
+        t.insert("label".into(), "M".into());
+        t.insert("path".into(), "theme.json".into());
+        icon_theme(&pkg, toml::Value::Table(t))
+    }
+
+    fn with(extra: &str) -> String {
+        format!(
+            r#"{{"iconDefinitions":{{"file":"icons/file.svg","folder":"icons/folder.svg",
+                "folder-src":"icons/folder-src.svg","folder-src-open":"icons/folder-src-open.svg",
+                "rust":{{"light":"icons/rust.svg","dark":"icons/rust-dark.svg"}},
+                "tests":"icons/tests.svg","arrow":"icons/arrow.svg"}},
+                "file":"file","folder":"folder"{extra}}}"#
+        )
+    }
+
+    const EXTENSIONS: &str = r#","patterns":[
+        {"pattern":"^.*\\.rs$","icon":"rust","ignoreCase":true},
+        {"pattern":"/tests?/","icon":"tests","path":true,"group":"tests"},
+        {"pattern":"^src$","icon":"folder-src","target":"folder","openIcon":"folder-src-open"}],
+        "overrides":{"chevron-right":"arrow","symbol-class":"rust"},
+        "groups":[{"id":"tests","name":"Tests","enabled":false}],
+        "choices":[{"id":"arrows","name":"Arrows","default":"plain","options":[
+            {"id":"plain","name":"Default"},{"id":"material","name":"Material","overrides":{"chevron-down":"arrow"}}]}],
+        "accent":true,"folderOpen":"folder-src-open""#;
+
+    fn map_of(d: &UiDecl) -> serde_json::Value {
+        serde_json::from_str(&d.assets.iter().find(|(k, _)| *k == map_asset("m")).unwrap().1).unwrap()
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn theme_extensions_reach_the_mapping() {
+        let d = load(&with(EXTENSIONS)).unwrap();
+        let map = map_of(&d);
+        assert_eq!(
+            map["patterns"],
+            serde_json::json!([
+                {"pattern":"^.*\\.rs$","icon":"rust","target":"file","path":false,"ignoreCase":true,"group":null,"openIcon":null},
+                {"pattern":"/tests?/","icon":"tests","target":"file","path":true,"ignoreCase":false,"group":"tests","openIcon":null},
+                {"pattern":"^src$","icon":"folder-src","target":"folder","path":false,"ignoreCase":false,"group":null,"openIcon":"folder-src-open"}
+            ])
+        );
+        assert_eq!(map["overrides"], serde_json::json!({"chevron-right":"arrow","symbol-class":"rust"}));
+        assert_eq!(map["groups"], serde_json::json!([{"id":"tests","name":"Tests","enabled":false}]));
+        assert_eq!(map["choices"][0]["default"], "plain");
+        assert_eq!(map["choices"][0]["options"][1]["overrides"], serde_json::json!({"chevron-down":"arrow"}));
+        assert_eq!(map["choices"][0]["options"][0]["overrides"], serde_json::json!({}));
+        assert_eq!(map["accent"], true);
+        assert_eq!(map["folderOpen"], "folder-src-open");
+        assert_eq!(d.json["icons"], 7);
+        assert!(d.assets.iter().any(|(k, _)| *k == format!("{}rust", svg_prefix("m"))));
+        assert!(d.assets.iter().any(|(k, _)| *k == format!("{}rust_dark", svg_prefix("m"))));
+        assert!(d.files.iter().any(|f| f.ends_with("icons/rust-dark.svg")));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn themes_without_extensions_keep_their_mapping() {
+        let map = map_of(&load(&with("")).unwrap());
+        assert_eq!(map["patterns"], serde_json::json!([]));
+        assert_eq!(map["overrides"], serde_json::json!({}));
+        assert_eq!(map["groups"], serde_json::json!([]));
+        assert_eq!(map["choices"], serde_json::json!([]));
+        assert_eq!(map["accent"], false);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn theme_extensions_are_validated() {
+        let cases = [
+            (r#","patterns":[{"pattern":"x","icon":"nope"}]"#, "unknown icon"),
+            (r#","patterns":[{"pattern":"(a+)+$","icon":"rust"}]"#, "repeated group"),
+            (r#","patterns":[{"pattern":"(","icon":"rust"}]"#, "invalid pattern"),
+            (r#","patterns":[{"pattern":"x","icon":"rust","group":"nope"}]"#, "unknown group"),
+            (r#","patterns":[{"pattern":"x","icon":"rust","openIcon":"tests"}]"#, "openIcon"),
+            (r#","patterns":[{"pattern":"x","icon":"folder","target":"folder","openIcon":"nope"}]"#, "unknown icon"),
+            (r#","patterns":[{"pattern":"x","icon":"rust","priority":1}]"#, "unknown field"),
+            (r#","overrides":{"chevron-right":"nope"}"#, "unknown icon"),
+            (r#","folderOpen":"nope""#, "unknown icon"),
+            (r#","overrides":{"Chevron":"rust"}"#, "invalid overridden icon"),
+            (r#","groups":[{"id":"a","name":" "}]"#, "name"),
+            (r#","groups":[{"id":"a","name":"A"},{"id":"a","name":"B"}]"#, "duplicate"),
+            (r#","choices":[{"id":"c","name":"C","default":"x","options":[{"id":"y","name":"Y"}]}]"#, "default"),
+            (r#","choices":[{"id":"c","name":"C","default":"y","options":[]}]"#, "options"),
+            (
+                r#","choices":[{"id":"c","name":"C","default":"y","options":[{"id":"y","name":"Y","overrides":{"a":"nope"}}]}]"#,
+                "unknown icon",
+            ),
+        ];
+        for (extra, needle) in cases {
+            let err = load(&with(extra)).err().unwrap_or_else(|| panic!("accepted: {extra}"));
+            assert!(err.contains(needle), "{extra}: {err}");
+        }
+        let dark_id = r#"{"iconDefinitions":{"x_dark":"icons/rust.svg"}}"#;
+        assert!(load(dark_id).unwrap_err().contains("_dark"));
+    }
+
+    const SETTINGS: &str = r##","settings":[
+        {"title":"Toggle","items":[
+            {"option":"hideFiles","label":"Enable file icons","hint":"Files","invert":true},
+            {"option":"hollowFolders","label":"Hollow"}]},
+        {"title":"Packs","items":[{"option":"groups","columns":2}]},
+        {"title":"Other","items":[
+            {"option":"choice","choice":"arrows"},
+            {"option":"accent","label":"Accent","default":"#009688"},
+            {"option":"saturation","label":"Saturation","default":10}]}]"##;
+
+    fn settings_of(d: &UiDecl) -> Option<serde_json::Value> {
+        d.assets.iter().find(|(k, _)| *k == settings_asset("m")).map(|(_, v)| serde_json::from_str(v).unwrap())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn theme_settings_get_their_own_asset() {
+        let d = load(&with(&format!("{EXTENSIONS}{SETTINGS}"))).unwrap();
+        let s = settings_of(&d).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(s["accent"], true);
+        assert_eq!(s["groups"], serde_json::json!([{"id":"tests","name":"Tests","enabled":false}]));
+        assert_eq!(
+            s["choices"],
+            serde_json::json!([{"id":"arrows","name":"Arrows","default":"plain","options":[
+                {"id":"plain","name":"Default"},{"id":"material","name":"Material"}]}])
+        );
+        assert_eq!(s["settings"][0]["title"], "Toggle");
+        assert_eq!(
+            s["settings"][0]["items"][0],
+            serde_json::json!({"option":"hideFiles","label":"Enable file icons","hint":"Files","invert":true,
+                "choice":null,"columns":null,"default":null})
+        );
+        assert_eq!(s["settings"][2]["items"][1]["default"], "#009688");
+        assert_eq!(s["settings"][2]["items"][2]["default"], 10);
+        assert!(settings_of(&load(&with(EXTENSIONS)).unwrap()).is_none());
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn theme_settings_are_validated() {
+        let section = |items: &str| with(&format!(r#"{EXTENSIONS},"settings":[{{"title":"T","items":[{items}]}}]"#));
+        let cases = [
+            (section(r#"{"option":"nope","label":"X"}"#), "unknown variant"),
+            (section(r#"{"option":"hideFiles"}"#), "label"),
+            (section(r#"{"option":"hideFiles","label":" "}"#), "label"),
+            (section(r#"{"option":"choice","choice":"nope"}"#), "unknown choice"),
+            (section(r#"{"option":"choice"}"#), "choice"),
+            (section(r#"{"option":"groups","columns":9}"#), "columns"),
+            (section(r#"{"option":"saturation","label":"S"}"#), "default"),
+            (section(r#"{"option":"saturation","label":"S","default":50}"#), "default"),
+            (section(r##"{"option":"opacity","label":"O","default":"#000000"}"##), "default"),
+            (section(r#"{"option":"monochrome","label":"M","default":"red"}"#), "default"),
+            (section(r#"{"option":"saturation","label":"S","default":5,"invert":true}"#), "invert"),
+            (section(r#"{"option":"hideFiles","label":"F","extra":1}"#), "unknown field"),
+            (with(&format!(r#"{EXTENSIONS},"settings":[{{"title":"","items":[]}}]"#)), "title"),
+            (
+                with(r##","settings":[{"title":"T","items":[{"option":"accent","label":"A","default":"#000000"}]}]"##),
+                "accent",
+            ),
+        ];
+        for (theme, needle) in cases {
+            let err = load(&theme).err().unwrap_or_else(|| panic!("accepted: {theme}"));
+            assert!(err.contains(needle), "{theme}: {err}");
+        }
+    }
 }
@@ -0,0 +1,874 @@
+//! IntelliJ theme plugins, read for import as OpenIDEA theme plugins: a
+//! Marketplace download (a `.jar`, or a `.zip` holding the plugin's
+//! `lib/*.jar`), an installed plugin's folder or a loose `.theme.json`; and the
+//! theme plugins of the JetBrains IDEs on this machine, with the theme each IDE
+//! is set to (`options/laf.xml`).
+//!
+//! Nothing is converted here: the UI maps IntelliJ keys onto design tokens
+//! (`src/features/plugins/intellijTheme.ts`, shared with `pnpm
+//! theme:import-intellij`) and [`super::PluginHost::stage_package`] writes the
+//! result for the install page, which validates it like any package.
+
+use ide_core::{IdeError, IdeResult, IpcPath};
+use quick_xml::{Reader, XmlVersion, events::Event};
+use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
+use specta::Type;
+use std::ffi::OsString;
+use std::io::{Cursor, Read, Seek};
+use std::path::{Path, PathBuf};
+
+/// A descriptor, theme or editor scheme larger than this is not one.
+const MAX_FILE: u64 = 4 << 20;
+/// A plugin jar read into memory from a Marketplace zip.
+const MAX_JAR: u64 = 64 << 20;
+/// Jars of one plugin looked into.
+const MAX_JARS: usize = 64;
+/// All the jars read into memory from one Marketplace zip.
+const MAX_NESTED: u64 = 256 << 20;
+/// Descriptors read for one plugin: `plugin.xml` and those it includes.
+const MAX_DESCRIPTORS: usize = 64;
+const PLUGIN_XML: &str = "META-INF/plugin.xml";
+
+/// A theme plugin's themes, as read from its files.
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Serialize, Deserialize, Type)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct IntellijThemeSource {
+    /// The plugin's `<name>`, or the theme's for a loose file.
+    pub name: String,
+    pub plugin_id: Option<String>,
+    pub version: Option<String>,
+    pub vendor: Option<String>,
+    pub themes: Vec<IntellijThemeFile>,
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Serialize, Deserialize, Type)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct IntellijThemeFile {
+    /// The `themeProvider` id (what `laf.xml` names), or the file name without `.theme.json`.
+    pub id: String,
+    /// The `.theme.json`, comments removed.
+    pub theme: String,
+    /// The editor scheme (`.icls` XML) its `editorScheme` names, when the plugin has it.
+    pub editor_scheme: Option<String>,
+}
+
+/// A theme of a plugin installed in a JetBrains IDE.
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Serialize, Deserialize, Type)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct InstalledIntellijTheme {
+    /// The IDE and its version: `IntelliJ IDEA 2025.2`.
+    pub ide: String,
+    /// The plugin's name.
+    pub plugin: String,
+    /// What to import: the plugin's folder or jar.
+    pub path: IpcPath,
+    pub theme_id: String,
+    pub theme_name: String,
+    pub dark: bool,
+    /// The IDE is set to this theme.
+    pub active: bool,
+}
+
+/// Reads the themes of an IntelliJ theme plugin (a `.jar`, a Marketplace
+/// `.zip`, an installed plugin's folder) or of a `.theme.json`.
+pub fn read_source(path: &Path) -> IdeResult<IntellijThemeSource> {
+    read(path).map_err(IdeError::invalid)
+}
+
+/// The theme plugins of the JetBrains IDEs (and Android Studio) of this user,
+/// the themes their IDEs are set to first.
+pub fn installed_themes() -> Vec<InstalledIntellijTheme> {
+    let Some(home) = dirs::home_dir() else { return Vec::new() };
+    let layout = if cfg!(target_os = "macos") {
+        Layout::Mac
+    } else if cfg!(windows) {
+        Layout::Windows
+    } else {
+        Layout::Xdg
+    };
+    find_installed(&ide_dirs(layout, &home, |key| std::env::var_os(key)))
+}
+
+fn read(path: &Path) -> Result<IntellijThemeSource, String> {
+    if path.extension().is_some_and(|e| e.eq_ignore_ascii_case("json")) {
+        return loose_theme(path);
+    }
+    let mut jars = plugin_jars(path)?;
+    let plugin = descriptor(&mut jars)?;
+    let shown = || path.file_name().map(|n| n.to_string_lossy().into_owned()).unwrap_or_default();
+    if plugin.themes.is_empty() {
+        return Err(format!("{} is not a theme plugin: its plugin.xml declares no themeProvider", shown()));
+    }
+    let mut themes = Vec::new();
+    let mut problem = None;
+    for (id, theme_path) in &plugin.themes {
+        match plugin_theme(&mut jars, id, theme_path) {
+            Ok(theme) => themes.push(theme),
+            Err(e) => problem = problem.or(Some(e)),
+        }
+    }
+    if themes.is_empty() {
+        return Err(problem.unwrap_or_else(|| format!("{} has no readable theme", shown())));
+    }
+    Ok(IntellijThemeSource {
+        name: plugin.name.unwrap_or_else(shown),
+        plugin_id: plugin.id,
+        version: plugin.version,
+        vendor: plugin.vendor,
+        themes,
+    })
+}
+
+fn plugin_theme(jars: &mut [Jar], id: &str, path: &str) -> Result<IntellijThemeFile, String> {
+    let bytes = find(jars, entry_name(path), MAX_FILE)?.ok_or_else(|| format!("{path} is missing from the plugin"))?;
+    let (theme, fields) = theme_json(&bytes).map_err(|e| format!("{path}: {e}"))?;
+    let editor_scheme = match string_field(&fields, "editorScheme") {
+        Some(scheme) => find(jars, entry_name(scheme), MAX_FILE)?.map(|b| text(&b)),
+        None => None,
+    };
+    Ok(IntellijThemeFile { id: id.to_owned(), theme, editor_scheme })
+}
+
+/// A `.theme.json` with the editor scheme beside it (its `editorScheme` names a path in the plugin's jar).
+fn loose_theme(path: &Path) -> Result<IntellijThemeSource, String> {
+    let (theme, fields) = theme_json(&read_file(path)?).map_err(|e| format!("{}: {e}", path.display()))?;
+    // Any JSON object parses: an IntelliJ theme has UI colours or an editor scheme.
+    let scheme_ref = string_field(&fields, "editorScheme");
+    if !fields.get("ui").is_some_and(serde_json::Value::is_object) && scheme_ref.is_none() {
+        return Err(format!("{} is not an IntelliJ theme: it has no \"ui\" or \"editorScheme\"", path.display()));
+    }
+    let editor_scheme = scheme_ref
+        .and_then(|p| Path::new(p).file_name().map(|n| path.with_file_name(n)))
+        .filter(|p| p.is_file())
+        .map(|p| read_file(&p).map(|b| text(&b)))
+        .transpose()?;
+    let file = path.file_name().map(|n| n.to_string_lossy().into_owned()).unwrap_or_default();
+    let id = file.strip_suffix(".theme.json").or_else(|| file.strip_suffix(".json")).unwrap_or(&file).to_owned();
+    Ok(IntellijThemeSource {
+        name: string_field(&fields, "name").map_or_else(|| id.clone(), str::to_owned),
+        plugin_id: None,
+        version: None,
+        vendor: string_field(&fields, "author").map(str::to_owned),
+        themes: vec![IntellijThemeFile { id, theme, editor_scheme }],
+    })
+}
+
+type JsonObject = serde_json::Map<String, serde_json::Value>;
+
+/// The theme JSON, comments removed, and its fields, if it is an object.
+fn theme_json(bytes: &[u8]) -> Result<(String, JsonObject), String> {
+    let json = super::theme::strip_json_comments(&text(bytes));
+    match serde_json::from_str::<serde_json::Value>(&json) {
+        Ok(serde_json::Value::Object(fields)) => Ok((json, fields)),
+        Ok(_) => Err("not a theme: expected a JSON object".into()),
+        Err(e) => Err(format!("invalid theme JSON: {e}")),
+    }
+}
+
+fn string_field<'a>(fields: &'a JsonObject, key: &str) -> Option<&'a str> {
+    fields.get(key)?.as_str().filter(|s| !s.trim().is_empty())
+}
+
+/// `/themes/x.theme.json` → `themes/x.theme.json`.
+fn entry_name(path: &str) -> &str {
+    path.trim().trim_start_matches('/')
+}
+
+fn text(bytes: &[u8]) -> String {
+    let bytes = bytes.strip_prefix(b"\xEF\xBB\xBF").unwrap_or(bytes);
+    String::from_utf8_lossy(bytes).into_owned()
+}
+
+fn read_file(path: &Path) -> Result<Vec<u8>, String> {
+    let shown = |e: std::io::Error| format!("{}: {e}", path.display());
+    let file = std::fs::File::open(path).map_err(shown)?;
+    let mut buf = Vec::new();
+    file.take(MAX_FILE + 1).read_to_end(&mut buf).map_err(shown)?;
+    if buf.len() as u64 > MAX_FILE {
+        return Err(format!("{} is too large for a theme", path.display()));
+    }
+    Ok(buf)
+}
+
+trait ReadSeek: Read + Seek {}
+impl<T: Read + Seek> ReadSeek for T {}
+type Jar = zip::ZipArchive<Box<dyn ReadSeek>>;
+
+fn open_jar(path: &Path) -> Result<Jar, String> {
+    let file = std::fs::File::open(path).map_err(|e| format!("{}: {e}", path.display()))?;
+    let reader: Box<dyn ReadSeek> = Box::new(std::io::BufReader::new(file));
+    zip::ZipArchive::new(reader).map_err(|e| format!("{} is not a jar or zip file ({e})", path.display()))
+}
+
+/// The jars of the plugin at `path`: a jar, a Marketplace zip (`<plugin>/lib/*.jar`)
+/// or an installed plugin's folder (`lib/*.jar`).
+fn plugin_jars(path: &Path) -> Result<Vec<Jar>, String> {
+    let not_plugin = || format!("{} is not an IntelliJ plugin: no {PLUGIN_XML} and no lib/*.jar", path.display());
+    if path.is_dir() {
+        let mut found: Vec<PathBuf> = [path.join("lib"), path.join("lib").join("modules")]
+            .iter()
+            .flat_map(|dir| std::fs::read_dir(dir).into_iter().flatten().flatten())
+            .map(|e| e.path())
+            .filter(|p| p.is_file() && is_jar(p))
+            .collect();
+        found.sort();
+        let jars: Vec<Jar> = found.iter().take(MAX_JARS).filter_map(|p| open_jar(p).ok()).collect();
+        return if jars.is_empty() { Err(not_plugin()) } else { Ok(jars) };
+    }
+    let mut archive = open_jar(path)?;
+    if archive.index_for_name(PLUGIN_XML).is_some() {
+        return Ok(vec![archive]);
+    }
+    let jars = nested_jars(&mut archive, MAX_JAR, MAX_NESTED);
+    if jars.is_empty() { Err(not_plugin()) } else { Ok(jars) }
+}
+
+/// The `lib` jars of a Marketplace zip, smallest first (a theme's own jar is small)
+/// while they fit `max_total`; library jars too large or not jars at all are skipped.
+fn nested_jars(archive: &mut Jar, max_jar: u64, max_total: u64) -> Vec<Jar> {
+    let mut nested: Vec<(u64, String)> = entry_names(archive)
+        .into_iter()
+        .filter(|n| is_lib_jar(n))
+        .filter_map(|n| Some((archive.by_name(&n).ok()?.size(), n)))
+        .filter(|(size, _)| *size <= max_jar)
+        .collect();
+    nested.sort();
+    let (mut jars, mut loaded) = (Vec::new(), 0u64);
+    for (size, name) in nested.into_iter().take(MAX_JARS) {
+        if loaded.saturating_add(size) > max_total {
+            break;
+        }
+        let Ok(Some(bytes)) = read_entry(archive, &name, max_jar) else { continue };
+        loaded += size;
+        let reader: Box<dyn ReadSeek> = Box::new(Cursor::new(bytes));
+        if let Ok(jar) = zip::ZipArchive::new(reader) {
+            jars.push(jar);
+        }
+    }
+    jars
+}
+
+fn entry_names(jar: &Jar) -> Vec<String> {
+    jar.file_names().filter_map(Result::ok).map(|n| n.into_owned()).collect()
+}
+
+fn is_jar(path: &Path) -> bool {
+    path.extension().is_some_and(|e| e.eq_ignore_ascii_case("jar"))
+}
+
+/// `lib/x.jar`, `<plugin>/lib/x.jar` or `<plugin>/lib/modules/x.jar` in a Marketplace zip.
+fn is_lib_jar(name: &str) -> bool {
+    let parts: Vec<&str> = name.split('/').collect();
+    let n = parts.len();
+    name.to_ascii_lowercase().ends_with(".jar")
+        && (2..=4).contains(&n)
+        && (parts[n - 2] == "lib" || (n >= 3 && parts[n - 2] == "modules" && parts[n - 3] == "lib"))
+}
+
+fn read_entry(jar: &mut Jar, name: &str, max: u64) -> Result<Option<Vec<u8>>, String> {
+    let Ok(file) = jar.by_name(name) else { return Ok(None) };
+    if file.is_dir() {
+        return Ok(None);
+    }
+    if file.size() > max {
+        return Err(format!("{name} is too large"));
+    }
+    let mut buf = Vec::with_capacity(file.size() as usize);
+    file.take(max.saturating_add(1)).read_to_end(&mut buf).map_err(|e| format!("{name}: {e}"))?;
+    if buf.len() as u64 > max {
+        return Err(format!("{name} is too large"));
+    }
+    Ok(Some(buf))
+}
+
+fn find(jars: &mut [Jar], name: &str, max: u64) -> Result<Option<Vec<u8>>, String> {
+    for jar in jars.iter_mut() {
+        if let Some(bytes) = read_entry(jar, name, max)? {
+            return Ok(Some(bytes));
+        }
+    }
+    Ok(None)
+}
+
+/// What the plugin's descriptors say: `<idea-plugin>`'s `id`, `name`, `version`,
+/// `vendor`, and its `themeProvider`s (id, path in the jar).
+#[derive(Debug, Default, PartialEq)]
+struct Descriptor {
+    id: Option<String>,
+    name: Option<String>,
+    version: Option<String>,
+    vendor: Option<String>,
+    themes: Vec<(String, String)>,
+}
+
+/// Reads `META-INF/plugin.xml` and the descriptors it includes (`<xi:include href>`), in any jar.
+fn descriptor(jars: &mut [Jar]) -> Result<Descriptor, String> {
+    let main = find(jars, PLUGIN_XML, MAX_FILE)
+        .ok()
+        .flatten()
+        .ok_or_else(|| format!("not an IntelliJ plugin: no {PLUGIN_XML}"))?;
+    let mut out = Descriptor::default();
+    let mut includes = Vec::new();
+    parse_descriptor(&text(&main), true, &mut out, &mut includes).map_err(|e| format!("{PLUGIN_XML}: {e}"))?;
+    let mut read = std::collections::HashSet::from([PLUGIN_XML.to_owned()]);
+    while let Some(href) = includes.pop() {
+        let name = include_entry(&href);
+        if read.len() >= MAX_DESCRIPTORS || !read.insert(name.clone()) {
+            continue;
+        }
+        let Ok(Some(bytes)) = find(jars, &name, MAX_FILE) else { continue };
+        let _ = parse_descriptor(&text(&bytes), false, &mut out, &mut includes);
+    }
+    let mut seen = std::collections::HashSet::new();
+    out.themes.retain(|(id, _)| seen.insert(id.clone()));
+    Ok(out)
+}
+
+/// An `<xi:include href>` as a jar entry: `/META-INF/x.xml` from the jar's root, `x.xml` beside plugin.xml.
+fn include_entry(href: &str) -> String {
+    let href = href.trim();
+    href.strip_prefix('/').map_or_else(|| format!("META-INF/{href}"), str::to_owned)
+}
+
+fn parse_descriptor(xml: &str, main: bool, out: &mut Descriptor, includes: &mut Vec<String>) -> Result<(), String> {
+    let mut reader = Reader::from_str(xml);
+    let mut stack: Vec<String> = Vec::new();
+    let mut text = String::new();
+    loop {
+        let event = reader.read_event().map_err(|e| e.to_string())?;
+        match event {
+            Event::Start(ref tag) | Event::Empty(ref tag) => {
+                let name = tag.local_name().as_ref().to_owned();
+                if name == "include" {
+                    let href = tag.attributes().flatten().find(|a| a.key.local_name().as_ref() == "href");
+                    if let Some(href) = href.and_then(|a| a.normalized_value(XmlVersion::Implicit1_0).ok()) {
+                        includes.push(href.into_owned());
+                    }
+                }
+                if name == "themeProvider" {
+                    let (mut id, mut path) = (None, None);
+                    for a in tag.attributes() {
+                        let a = a.map_err(|e| e.to_string())?;
+                        let value = a.normalized_value(XmlVersion::Implicit1_0).map_err(|e| e.to_string())?;
+                        match a.key.local_name().as_ref() {
+                            "id" => id = Some(value.trim().to_owned()),
+                            "path" => path = Some(value.trim().to_owned()),
+                            _ => {}
+                        }
+                    }
+                    if let (Some(id), Some(path)) = (id, path)
+                        && !id.is_empty()
+                        && !path.is_empty()
+                    {
+                        out.themes.push((id, path));
+                    }
+                }
+                if matches!(event, Event::Start(_)) {
+                    stack.push(name);
+                    text.clear();
+                }
+            }
+            Event::Text(t) => text.push_str(&t.xml_content(XmlVersion::Implicit1_0)),
+            Event::CData(t) => text.push_str(t.as_ref()),
+            Event::GeneralRef(r) => {
+                let name = r.as_ref();
+                let escaped = format!("&{name};");
+                text.push_str(&quick_xml::escape::unescape(&escaped).map_err(|e| e.to_string())?);
+            }
+            Event::End(_) => {
+                let name = stack.pop().ok_or("unbalanced element")?;
+                // Direct children of <idea-plugin>.
+                if main && stack.len() == 1 && stack[0] == "idea-plugin" {
+                    let value = text.trim();
+                    let slot = match name.as_str() {
+                        "id" => Some(&mut out.id),
+                        "name" => Some(&mut out.name),
+                        "version" => Some(&mut out.version),
+                        "vendor" => Some(&mut out.vendor),
+                        _ => None,
+                    };
+                    if let Some(slot) = slot
+                        && slot.is_none()
+                        && !value.is_empty()
+                    {
+                        *slot = Some(value.to_owned());
+                    }
+                }
+                text.clear();
+            }
+            Event::Eof => return if stack.is_empty() { Ok(()) } else { Err("unclosed element".into()) },
+            _ => {}
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// Where an OS keeps the IDEs' settings and plugins.
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug)]
+enum Layout {
+    /// `~/Library/Application Support/<vendor>/<IDE>`, plugins in its `plugins/`.
+    Mac,
+    /// `%APPDATA%\<vendor>\<IDE>`, plugins in its `plugins\`.
+    Windows,
+    /// `$XDG_CONFIG_HOME/<vendor>/<IDE>`, plugins in `$XDG_DATA_HOME/<vendor>/<IDE>`.
+    Xdg,
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, PartialEq)]
+struct IdeDir {
+    label: String,
+    product: String,
+    version: (u32, u32),
+    config: PathBuf,
+    plugins: PathBuf,
+}
+
+/// The settings folders of JetBrains IDEs and Android Studio (2020.1 and later), newest first.
+fn ide_dirs(layout: Layout, home: &Path, env: impl Fn(&str) -> Option<OsString>) -> Vec<IdeDir> {
+    let var = |key: &str| env(key).filter(|v| !v.is_empty()).map(PathBuf::from);
+    let (config_root, data_root) = match layout {
+        Layout::Mac => {
+            let root = home.join("Library").join("Application Support");
+            (root.clone(), root)
+        }
+        Layout::Windows => {
+            let root = var("APPDATA").unwrap_or_else(|| home.join("AppData").join("Roaming"));
+            (root.clone(), root)
+        }
+        Layout::Xdg => (
+            var("XDG_CONFIG_HOME").unwrap_or_else(|| home.join(".config")),
+            var("XDG_DATA_HOME").unwrap_or_else(|| home.join(".local").join("share")),
+        ),
+    };
+    let mut out = Vec::new();
+    for vendor in ["JetBrains", "Google"] {
+        for entry in std::fs::read_dir(config_root.join(vendor)).into_iter().flatten().flatten() {
+            let name = entry.file_name().to_string_lossy().into_owned();
+            let Some((product, version, shown)) = product_dir(&name) else { continue };
+            let config = entry.path();
+            if !config.is_dir() {
+                continue;
+            }
+            let plugins = match layout {
+                Layout::Xdg => data_root.join(vendor).join(&name),
+                Layout::Mac | Layout::Windows => config.join("plugins"),
+            };
+            out.push(IdeDir {
+                label: format!("{} {shown}", product_label(product)),
+                product: product.to_owned(),
+                version,
+                config,
+                plugins,
+            });
+        }
+    }
+    out.sort_by(|a, b| b.version.cmp(&a.version).then_with(|| a.label.cmp(&b.label)));
+    out
+}
+
+/// `IntelliJIdea2025.2` → (`IntelliJIdea`, (2025, 2), `2025.2`).
+fn product_dir(name: &str) -> Option<(&str, (u32, u32), &str)> {
+    let at = name.find(|c: char| c.is_ascii_digit())?;
+    let (product, version) = name.split_at(at);
+    if product.is_empty() || !product.chars().all(|c| c.is_ascii_alphabetic()) {
+        return None;
+    }
+    let (year, minor) = version.split_once('.')?;
+    let ok = |s: &str| !s.is_empty() && s.len() <= 4 && s.chars().all(|c| c.is_ascii_digit());
+    if year.len() != 4 || !ok(year) || !ok(minor) {
+        return None;
+    }
+    Some((product, (year.parse().ok()?, minor.parse().ok()?), version))
+}
+
+fn product_label(product: &str) -> &str {
+    match product {
+        "IntelliJIdea" => "IntelliJ IDEA",
+        "IdeaIC" => "IntelliJ IDEA Community Edition",
+        "PyCharmCE" => "PyCharm Community Edition",
+        "AndroidStudio" => "Android Studio",
+        "AndroidStudioPreview" => "Android Studio Preview",
+        other => other,
+    }
+}
+
+/// The theme ids `options/laf.xml` selects: the current one, and with "Sync with OS" the preferred light and dark.
+fn active_theme_ids(config: &Path) -> Vec<String> {
+    let Ok(bytes) = read_file(&config.join("options").join("laf.xml")) else { return Vec::new() };
+    let xml = text(&bytes);
+    let mut reader = Reader::from_str(&xml);
+    let (mut ids, mut preferred, mut autodetect) = (Vec::new(), Vec::new(), false);
+    loop {
+        match reader.read_event() {
+            Ok(Event::Start(tag) | Event::Empty(tag)) => {
+                let attr = |key: &str| {
+                    tag.attributes()
+                        .flatten()
+                        .find(|a| a.key.as_ref() == key)
+                        .and_then(|a| a.normalized_value(XmlVersion::Implicit1_0).ok().map(|v| v.trim().to_owned()))
+                };
+                match tag.local_name().as_ref() {
+                    "component" if attr("name").as_deref() == Some("LafManager") => {
+                        autodetect = attr("autodetect").as_deref() == Some("true");
+                    }
+                    "laf" => ids.extend(attr("themeId")),
+                    "preferred-light-laf" | "preferred-dark-laf" => preferred.extend(attr("themeId")),
+                    _ => {}
+                }
+            }
+            Ok(Event::Eof) | Err(_) => break,
+            _ => {}
+        }
+    }
+    if autodetect {
+        ids.extend(preferred);
+    }
+    ids.retain(|id| !id.is_empty());
+    ids
+}
+
+fn find_installed(ides: &[IdeDir]) -> Vec<InstalledIntellijTheme> {
+    let mut out = Vec::new();
+    for ide in ides {
+        let active = active_theme_ids(&ide.config);
+        let mut plugins: Vec<PathBuf> = std::fs::read_dir(&ide.plugins)
+            .into_iter()
+            .flatten()
+            .flatten()
+            .map(|e| e.path())
+            .filter(|p| p.is_dir() || (p.is_file() && is_jar(p)))
+            .collect();
+        plugins.sort();
+        for plugin in plugins {
+            let Ok(mut jars) = plugin_jars(&plugin) else { continue };
+            let Ok(found) = descriptor(&mut jars) else { continue };
+            for (id, path) in &found.themes {
+                let Ok(Some(bytes)) = find(&mut jars, entry_name(path), MAX_FILE) else { continue };
+                let Ok((_, fields)) = theme_json(&bytes) else { continue };
+                let file = || plugin.file_name().map(|n| n.to_string_lossy().into_owned()).unwrap_or_default();
+                out.push(InstalledIntellijTheme {
+                    ide: ide.label.clone(),
+                    plugin: found.name.clone().unwrap_or_else(file),
+                    path: plugin.clone().into(),
+                    theme_id: id.clone(),
+                    theme_name: string_field(&fields, "name").unwrap_or(id).to_owned(),
+                    dark: fields.get("dark").and_then(serde_json::Value::as_bool).unwrap_or(true),
+                    active: active.contains(id),
+                });
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    // Stable: the IDEs' order (newest first) within each group.
+    out.sort_by_key(|t| !t.active);
+    out
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+    use std::io::Write;
+
+    const PLUGIN: &str = r#"<idea-plugin>
+  <id>com.example.deepsea</id>
+  <name>Deep Sea &amp; Friends</name>
+  <version>2.3</version>
+  <vendor email="[email protected]">Someone</vendor>
+  <description><![CDATA[<b>Dark</b> themes]]></description>
+  <depends>com.intellij.modules.platform</depends>
+  <extensions defaultExtensionNs="com.intellij">
+    <themeProvider id="deep-sea-id" path="/themes/DeepSea.theme.json"/>
+    <themeProvider id="shallow-id" path="themes/Shallow.theme.json" />
+  </extensions>
+</idea-plugin>"#;
+
+    const DEEP: &str = r##"{
+  // comment
+  "name": "Deep Sea",
+  "dark": true,
+  "editorScheme": "/themes/DeepSea.xml",
+  "ui": { "*": { "background": "#101820" } }
+}"##;
+    const SHALLOW: &str = r#"{ "name": "Shallow", "dark": false, "ui": {} }"#;
+    const SCHEME: &str = r#"<scheme name="Deep Sea" version="142" parent_scheme="Darcula"/>"#;
+
+    fn jar_bytes(entries: &[(&str, &[u8])]) -> Vec<u8> {
+        let mut zip = zip::ZipWriter::new(Cursor::new(Vec::new()));
+        for (name, data) in entries {
+            zip.start_file(*name, zip::write::SimpleFileOptions::default()).unwrap();
+            zip.write_all(data).unwrap();
+        }
+        zip.finish().unwrap().into_inner()
+    }
+
+    fn theme_jar() -> Vec<u8> {
+        jar_bytes(&[
+            ("META-INF/MANIFEST.MF", b"Manifest-Version: 1.0\n"),
+            (PLUGIN_XML, PLUGIN.as_bytes()),
+            ("themes/DeepSea.theme.json", DEEP.as_bytes()),
+            ("themes/DeepSea.xml", SCHEME.as_bytes()),
+            ("themes/Shallow.theme.json", SHALLOW.as_bytes()),
+        ])
+    }
+
+    fn write(path: &Path, bytes: &[u8]) {
+        std::fs::create_dir_all(path.parent().unwrap()).unwrap();
+        std::fs::write(path, bytes).unwrap();
+    }
+
+    fn expected_source() -> IntellijThemeSource {
+        IntellijThemeSource {
+            name: "Deep Sea & Friends".into(),
+            plugin_id: Some("com.example.deepsea".into()),
+            version: Some("2.3".into()),
+            vendor: Some("Someone".into()),
+            themes: vec![
+                IntellijThemeFile {
+                    id: "deep-sea-id".into(),
+                    theme: super::super::theme::strip_json_comments(DEEP),
+                    editor_scheme: Some(SCHEME.into()),
+                },
+                IntellijThemeFile { id: "shallow-id".into(), theme: SHALLOW.into(), editor_scheme: None },
+            ],
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn reads_a_theme_jar_with_its_editor_scheme() {
+        let tmp = tempfile::tempdir().unwrap();
+        let jar = tmp.path().join("deep-sea.jar");
+        write(&jar, &theme_jar());
+        let source = read_source(&jar).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(source, expected_source());
+        assert!(!source.themes[0].theme.contains("comment"));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn reads_a_marketplace_zip_and_an_installed_folder() {
+        let tmp = tempfile::tempdir().unwrap();
+        let other = jar_bytes(&[("META-INF/MANIFEST.MF", b"x"), ("a/B.class", b"\xCA\xFE")]);
+        let zip = tmp.path().join("DeepSea-2.3.zip");
+        write(&zip, &jar_bytes(&[("DeepSea/lib/a-util.jar", &other), ("DeepSea/lib/deep-sea.jar", &theme_jar())]));
+        assert_eq!(read_source(&zip).unwrap(), expected_source());
+
+        let dir = tmp.path().join("plugins").join("DeepSea");
+        write(&dir.join("lib").join("deep-sea.jar"), &theme_jar());
+        write(&dir.join("lib").join("a-util.jar"), &other);
+        assert_eq!(read_source(&dir).unwrap(), expected_source());
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn skips_library_jars_it_cannot_or_need_not_read() {
+        let tmp = tempfile::tempdir().unwrap();
+        // Stored, not deflated: as large in the zip as its content.
+        let mut big = zip::ZipWriter::new(Cursor::new(Vec::new()));
+        let stored = zip::write::SimpleFileOptions::default().compression_method(zip::CompressionMethod::Stored);
+        big.start_file("lib/Data.class", stored).unwrap();
+        big.write_all(&[b'x'; 8192]).unwrap();
+        let big = big.finish().unwrap().into_inner();
+        let zip = tmp.path().join("DeepSea.zip");
+        write(
+            &zip,
+            &jar_bytes(&[
+                ("DeepSea/lib/a-broken.jar", b"not a jar"),
+                ("DeepSea/lib/b-big.jar", &big),
+                ("DeepSea/lib/deep-sea.jar", &theme_jar()),
+            ]),
+        );
+        assert_eq!(read_source(&zip).unwrap(), expected_source());
+
+        // The broken jar is skipped; a jar over the size limit, or past the total
+        // (smallest first), is not read, while the theme's small jar still is.
+        let mut archive = open_jar(&zip).unwrap();
+        let theme_len = theme_jar().len() as u64;
+        assert_eq!(nested_jars(&mut archive, u64::MAX, u64::MAX).len(), 2);
+        let one = nested_jars(&mut archive, theme_len + 64, u64::MAX);
+        assert_eq!(one.len(), 1);
+        assert!(one[0].index_for_name(PLUGIN_XML).is_some());
+        assert_eq!(nested_jars(&mut archive, u64::MAX, theme_len + 64).len(), 1);
+        assert!(nested_jars(&mut archive, 8, u64::MAX).is_empty());
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn reads_a_loose_theme_json_with_the_scheme_beside_it() {
+        let tmp = tempfile::tempdir().unwrap();
+        let theme = tmp.path().join("DeepSea.theme.json");
+        write(&theme, DEEP.as_bytes());
+        write(&tmp.path().join("DeepSea.xml"), SCHEME.as_bytes());
+        let source = read_source(&theme).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(source.name, "Deep Sea");
+        assert_eq!(source.themes.len(), 1);
+        assert_eq!(source.themes[0].id, "DeepSea");
+        assert_eq!(source.themes[0].editor_scheme.as_deref(), Some(SCHEME));
+
+        std::fs::remove_file(tmp.path().join("DeepSea.xml")).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(read_source(&theme).unwrap().themes[0].editor_scheme, None);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn says_what_is_wrong_with_other_files() {
+        let tmp = tempfile::tempdir().unwrap();
+        let not_zip = tmp.path().join("notes.jar");
+        write(&not_zip, b"hello");
+        assert!(read_source(&not_zip).unwrap_err().message.contains("not a jar or zip"));
+
+        let other_plugin = tmp.path().join("tools.jar");
+        let xml = "<idea-plugin><name>Tools</name><actions/></idea-plugin>";
+        write(&other_plugin, &jar_bytes(&[(PLUGIN_XML, xml.as_bytes())]));
+        assert!(read_source(&other_plugin).unwrap_err().message.contains("not a theme plugin"));
+
+        let package = tmp.path().join("package.zip");
+        write(&package, &jar_bytes(&[("plugin.toml", b"id = \"x\"")]));
+        assert!(read_source(&package).unwrap_err().message.contains("not an IntelliJ plugin"));
+
+        let other = tmp.path().join("package.json");
+        write(&other, br#"{ "name": "app", "version": "1.0.0" }"#);
+        assert!(read_source(&other).unwrap_err().message.contains("is not an IntelliJ theme"));
+
+        let broken = tmp.path().join("broken.theme.json");
+        write(&broken, b"{ \"name\": ");
+        assert!(read_source(&broken).unwrap_err().message.contains("invalid theme JSON"));
+
+        let missing = tmp.path().join("missing.jar");
+        let xml = r#"<idea-plugin><name>M</name><themeProvider id="m" path="/m.theme.json"/></idea-plugin>"#;
+        write(&missing, &jar_bytes(&[(PLUGIN_XML, xml.as_bytes())]));
+        assert!(read_source(&missing).unwrap_err().message.contains("/m.theme.json is missing"));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn finds_theme_providers_in_included_descriptors() {
+        let tmp = tempfile::tempdir().unwrap();
+        let jar = tmp.path().join("split.jar");
+        let main = r#"<idea-plugin xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"><name>Split</name>
+            <xi:include href="/META-INF/themes.xml"/></idea-plugin>"#;
+        let part = r#"<idea-plugin xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"><extensions defaultExtensionNs="com.intellij">
+            <themeProvider id="s" path="/s.theme.json"/></extensions><name>Not this</name>
+            <xi:include href="more.xml"/><xi:include href="/META-INF/themes.xml"/></idea-plugin>"#;
+        let more = r#"<idea-plugin><themeProvider id="m" path="/m.theme.json"/></idea-plugin>"#;
+        let unrelated = r#"<idea-plugin><themeProvider id="x" path="/x.theme.json"/></idea-plugin>"#;
+        write(
+            &jar,
+            &jar_bytes(&[
+                ("META-INF/themes.xml", part.as_bytes()),
+                ("META-INF/more.xml", more.as_bytes()),
+                ("META-INF/unrelated.xml", unrelated.as_bytes()),
+                (PLUGIN_XML, main.as_bytes()),
+                ("s.theme.json", br#"{"name":"S"}"#),
+                ("m.theme.json", br#"{"name":"M"}"#),
+                ("x.theme.json", br#"{"name":"X"}"#),
+            ]),
+        );
+        let source = read_source(&jar).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(source.name, "Split");
+        // Only what plugin.xml includes (relative or from the root, once each) counts.
+        assert_eq!(source.themes.iter().map(|t| t.id.as_str()).collect::<Vec<_>>(), ["s", "m"]);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn parses_ide_folder_names() {
+        assert_eq!(product_dir("IntelliJIdea2025.2"), Some(("IntelliJIdea", (2025, 2), "2025.2")));
+        assert_eq!(product_dir("PyCharmCE2023.10"), Some(("PyCharmCE", (2023, 10), "2023.10")));
+        assert_eq!(product_dir("AndroidStudio2024.3"), Some(("AndroidStudio", (2024, 3), "2024.3")));
+        for name in
+            ["Toolbox", "consentOptions", "IntelliJIdea2025", "Idea-2025.1", "2025.1", "Rider25.1", "Go Land2025.1"]
+        {
+            assert_eq!(product_dir(name), None, "{name}");
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn locates_the_settings_and_plugins_of_each_os() {
+        let tmp = tempfile::tempdir().unwrap();
+        let home = tmp.path();
+        let mk = |p: PathBuf| {
+            std::fs::create_dir_all(&p).unwrap();
+            p
+        };
+        let mac = mk(home.join("Library/Application Support/JetBrains/IntelliJIdea2025.2"));
+        mk(home.join("Library/Application Support/JetBrains/Toolbox"));
+        let dirs = ide_dirs(Layout::Mac, home, |_| None);
+        assert_eq!(dirs.len(), 1);
+        assert_eq!(dirs[0].label, "IntelliJ IDEA 2025.2");
+        assert_eq!((dirs[0].config.clone(), dirs[0].plugins.clone()), (mac.clone(), mac.join("plugins")));
+
+        let appdata = mk(home.join("Roaming"));
+        let win = mk(appdata.join("JetBrains/PyCharm2024.3"));
+        let studio = mk(appdata.join("Google/AndroidStudio2025.1"));
+        let env = |k: &str| (k == "APPDATA").then(|| appdata.clone().into_os_string());
+        let dirs = ide_dirs(Layout::Windows, home, env);
+        assert_eq!(
+            dirs.iter().map(|d| d.label.as_str()).collect::<Vec<_>>(),
+            ["Android Studio 2025.1", "PyCharm 2024.3"]
+        );
+        assert_eq!(dirs[1].plugins, win.join("plugins"));
+        assert_eq!(dirs[0].config, studio);
+
+        let config = mk(home.join(".config/JetBrains/IdeaIC2024.1"));
+        mk(home.join(".config/JetBrains/GoLand2025.2"));
+        let dirs = ide_dirs(Layout::Xdg, home, |_| None);
+        assert_eq!(dirs.iter().map(|d| d.product.as_str()).collect::<Vec<_>>(), ["GoLand", "IdeaIC"]);
+        assert_eq!(dirs[1].label, "IntelliJ IDEA Community Edition 2024.1");
+        assert_eq!(dirs[1].config, config);
+        assert_eq!(dirs[1].plugins, home.join(".local/share/JetBrains/IdeaIC2024.1"));
+
+        let xdg_data = home.join("data");
+        let env = |k: &str| (k == "XDG_DATA_HOME").then(|| xdg_data.clone().into_os_string());
+        assert_eq!(ide_dirs(Layout::Xdg, home, env)[1].plugins, xdg_data.join("JetBrains/IdeaIC2024.1"));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn reads_the_selected_theme_from_laf_xml() {
+        let tmp = tempfile::tempdir().unwrap();
+        let laf = tmp.path().join("options/laf.xml");
+        write(
+            &laf,
+            br#"<application>
+  <component name="LafManager">
+    <laf class-name="com.intellij.ide.ui.laf.UIThemeBasedLookAndFeelInfo" themeId="deep-sea-id" />
+    <preferred-light-laf themeId="shallow-id" />
+  </component>
+</application>"#,
+        );
+        assert_eq!(active_theme_ids(tmp.path()), ["deep-sea-id"]);
+        let synced = std::fs::read_to_string(&laf)
+            .unwrap()
+            .replace(r#"name="LafManager""#, r#"name="LafManager" autodetect="true""#);
+        write(&laf, synced.as_bytes());
+        assert_eq!(active_theme_ids(tmp.path()), ["deep-sea-id", "shallow-id"]);
+        assert!(active_theme_ids(&tmp.path().join("missing")).is_empty());
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn lists_installed_theme_plugins_the_ides_current_first() {
+        let tmp = tempfile::tempdir().unwrap();
+        let config = tmp.path().join("IntelliJIdea2025.2");
+        let plugins = config.join("plugins");
+        write(&plugins.join("DeepSea/lib/deep-sea.jar"), &theme_jar());
+        write(
+            &plugins.join("Tools/lib/tools.jar"),
+            &jar_bytes(&[(PLUGIN_XML, b"<idea-plugin><name>T</name></idea-plugin>")]),
+        );
+        write(&plugins.join("broken.jar"), b"not a jar");
+        write(
+            &config.join("options/laf.xml"),
+            br#"<application><component name="LafManager"><laf themeId="shallow-id"/></component></application>"#,
+        );
+        let ide = IdeDir {
+            label: "IntelliJ IDEA 2025.2".into(),
+            product: "IntelliJIdea".into(),
+            version: (2025, 2),
+            config: config.clone(),
+            plugins: plugins.clone(),
+        };
+        let found = find_installed(&[ide]);
+        let theme = |id: &str, name: &str, dark: bool, active: bool| InstalledIntellijTheme {
+            ide: "IntelliJ IDEA 2025.2".into(),
+            plugin: "Deep Sea & Friends".into(),
+            path: plugins.join("DeepSea").into(),
+            theme_id: id.into(),
+            theme_name: name.into(),
+            dark,
+            active,
+        };
+        assert_eq!(found, [theme("shallow-id", "Shallow", false, true), theme("deep-sea-id", "Deep Sea", true, false)]);
+        assert!(find_installed(&[]).is_empty());
+    }
+}
@@ -3,11 +3,14 @@
 //! plugins, and revocations. The host keeps the last index it read
 //! (`market-index.json`), checks signatures against it, and disables what it
 //! revokes — at start-up and on every refresh (the desktop refreshes daily).
+//! Release builds pin the official publisher to the keys they were built
+//! with, so no index can sign `openidea.*` plugins with another key.

-use super::{PluginHost, PluginSource, PluginStatus};
+use super::{PackageFile, PluginEvent, PluginHost, PluginSource, PluginStatus, PluginUpdate, install};
 use ide_core::{IdeError, IdeResult};
-use ide_extension::Manifest;
 use ide_extension::package::{self, Index, IndexEntry, PackageSignature, SIGNATURE_FILE};
+use ide_extension::{MANIFEST_FILE, Manifest};
+use semver::Version;
 use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
 use std::path::{Path, PathBuf};

@@ -15,11 +18,18 @@ use std::path::{Path, PathBuf};
 /// the app, next to the signed packages of the official plugins.
 pub const OFFICIAL_INDEX: &str = "https://github.com/l0ng-ai/openidea/releases/latest/download/plugins-index.json";

+/// The publisher of the official plugins.
+pub const OFFICIAL_PUBLISHER: &str = "openidea";
+
 /// The last index read, in the plugins directory.
 pub const INDEX_FILE: &str = "market-index.json";
 const DOWNLOADS: &str = ".downloads";
 const MAX_INDEX: usize = 16 << 20;
 const MAX_PACKAGE: usize = 256 << 20;
+const MAX_STAGED_FILES: usize = 256;
+const MAX_STAGED_BYTES: usize = 16 << 20;
+/// `moved` links followed before giving up (a loop, or a misconfiguration).
+const MAX_MOVES: usize = 3;

 /// A marketplace entry with what is installed.
 #[derive(Clone, Debug, Serialize, Deserialize, specta::Type)]
@@ -29,6 +39,32 @@ pub struct MarketPlugin {
    pub entry: IndexEntry,
    /// Installed version, if any.
    pub installed: Option<String>,
+    /// Whether this IDE can load `entry` (the newest version it can, else the newest).
+    pub compatible: bool,
+}
+
+impl MarketPlugin {
+    /// A version this IDE can load, newer than the one installed.
+    pub fn is_update(&self) -> bool {
+        let newer = |installed: &String| match (Version::parse(&self.entry.version), Version::parse(installed)) {
+            (Ok(offered), Ok(installed)) => offered > installed,
+            _ => false,
+        };
+        self.compatible && self.installed.as_ref().is_some_and(newer)
+    }
+}
+
+/// The official publisher's keys this IDE was built with
+/// (`OPENIDEA_OFFICIAL_PLUGIN_KEYS`: base64, comma-separated). Development
+/// builds have none: the index decides.
+pub(super) fn built_in_official_keys() -> Vec<String> {
+    let keys = option_env!("OPENIDEA_OFFICIAL_PLUGIN_KEYS").unwrap_or_default();
+    keys.split(',').map(str::trim).filter(|k| !k.is_empty()).map(str::to_owned).collect()
+}
+
+fn pinned(mut index: Index, official_keys: &[String]) -> Index {
+    index.pin_publisher(OFFICIAL_PUBLISHER, "OpenIDEA", official_keys);
+    index
 }

 /// Reads `url`: `http(s)://…`, `file://…` or a local path.
@@ -56,6 +92,33 @@ pub fn read_url(url: &str, max: usize) -> Result<Vec<u8>, String> {
    Ok(bytes)
 }

+/// The index at `url`, following `moved`, with downloads made absolute against
+/// where it was read from.
+fn read_index(url: &str) -> IdeResult<Index> {
+    let mut url = url.to_owned();
+    for _ in 0..=MAX_MOVES {
+        let bytes = read_url(&url, MAX_INDEX).map_err(IdeError::unavailable)?;
+        let text = String::from_utf8(bytes).map_err(|_| IdeError::invalid("the index is not UTF-8"))?;
+        let mut index = Index::parse(&text).map_err(IdeError::invalid)?;
+        match index.moved.take().filter(|m| !m.trim().is_empty()) {
+            Some(next) => {
+                let next = resolve(&url, &next);
+                if url.starts_with("https://") && !next.starts_with("https://") {
+                    return Err(IdeError::invalid(format!("the marketplace moved to {next}, which isn't https")));
+                }
+                url = next;
+            }
+            None => {
+                for e in &mut index.plugins {
+                    e.download = resolve(&url, &e.download);
+                }
+                return Ok(index);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    Err(IdeError::unavailable(format!("the marketplace index moved more than {MAX_MOVES} times")))
+}
+
 /// `href` relative to the index at `base`: a URL, or a local path (with the
 /// platform's separators, e.g. `C:\\market\\index.json`).
 pub fn resolve(base: &str, href: &str) -> String {
@@ -75,9 +138,16 @@ pub fn resolve(base: &str, href: &str) -> String {
 }

 impl PluginHost {
-    pub(super) fn load_market_index(dir: &Path) -> Option<Index> {
+    pub(super) fn load_market_index(dir: &Path, official_keys: &[String]) -> Option<Index> {
        let text = std::fs::read_to_string(dir.join(INDEX_FILE)).ok()?;
-        Index::parse(&text).map_err(|e| tracing::warn!("{INDEX_FILE}: {e}")).ok()
+        let index = Index::parse(&text).map_err(|e| tracing::warn!("{INDEX_FILE}: {e}")).ok()?;
+        Some(pinned(index, official_keys))
+    }
+
+    /// Pins the official publisher to `keys` (base64) instead of the built-in
+    /// ones, from the next index read.
+    pub fn set_official_keys(&self, keys: Vec<String>) {
+        *self.official_keys.write() = keys;
    }

    /// The marketplace index URL: the user's, else the default (none: no marketplace).
@@ -95,14 +165,16 @@ impl PluginHost {
        self.save_state();
    }

-    /// Reads the index again, keeps it, and applies its revocations.
+    /// Reads the index again, keeps it, and applies its revocations. Announces
+    /// updates of installed plugins it hasn't announced yet.
    pub fn refresh_market(&self) -> IdeResult<Vec<MarketPlugin>> {
        let url = self.market_url().ok_or_else(|| IdeError::unavailable("no plugin marketplace is configured"))?;
-        let bytes = read_url(&url, MAX_INDEX).map_err(IdeError::unavailable)?;
-        let text = String::from_utf8(bytes).map_err(|_| IdeError::invalid("the index is not UTF-8"))?;
-        let index = Index::parse(&text).map_err(IdeError::invalid)?;
-        let _ = std::fs::write(self.plugins_dir.join(INDEX_FILE), &text);
-        *self.market.write() = Some(index);
+        let index = read_index(&url)?;
+        if let Ok(json) = serde_json::to_string(&index) {
+            let _ = std::fs::write(self.plugins_dir.join(INDEX_FILE), json);
+        }
+        let newer = index.is_newer().then_some(index.format);
+        *self.market.write() = Some(pinned(index, &self.official_keys.read()));
        // Trust may have changed: who signed what, what is revoked.
        let installed: Vec<_> =
            self.plugins.read().values().filter(|p| p.source == PluginSource::Installed).cloned().collect();
@@ -111,7 +183,41 @@ impl PluginHost {
            plugin.meta.lock().publisher = publisher;
        }
        self.apply_revocations();
-        Ok(self.market_plugins())
+        if let Some(format) = newer {
+            return Err(IdeError::unavailable(format!(
+                "the marketplace needs a newer OpenIDEA (index format {format}); its revocations still apply"
+            )));
+        }
+        let plugins = self.market_plugins();
+        self.announce_updates(&plugins);
+        Ok(plugins)
+    }
+
+    /// Tells the windows about updates once per set of versions: a later
+    /// refresh offering the same ones says nothing.
+    fn announce_updates(&self, plugins: &[MarketPlugin]) {
+        let updates: Vec<PluginUpdate> = plugins
+            .iter()
+            .filter(|p| p.is_update())
+            .map(|p| PluginUpdate {
+                id: p.entry.id.clone(),
+                name: p.entry.name.clone(),
+                version: p.entry.version.clone(),
+            })
+            .collect();
+        let key: Vec<String> = updates.iter().map(|u| format!("{}@{}", u.id, u.version)).collect();
+        if std::mem::replace(&mut *self.announced_updates.lock(), key.clone()) != key && !updates.is_empty() {
+            self.emit(None, PluginEvent::UpdatesAvailable { updates });
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Whether the package in `src` would replace the installed `id`'s copy
+    /// with one signed by another key than that copy, without that key's
+    /// endorsement: the user confirms the change of signer.
+    pub(super) fn signer_changed(&self, id: &str, src: &Path) -> bool {
+        let Some(current) = install::active_dir(&self.plugins_dir.join(id)) else { return false };
+        let market = self.market.read();
+        !package::signer_continues(market.as_ref(), read_signature(&current).as_ref(), read_signature(src).as_ref())
    }

    /// The plugins of the last index read.
@@ -119,16 +225,14 @@ impl PluginHost {
        let Some(index) = self.market.read().clone() else { return Vec::new() };
        let plugins = self.plugins.read();
        index
-            .plugins
-            .iter()
-            .filter(|e| index.revocation(&e.id, &e.version).is_none())
-            .cloned()
-            .map(|entry| {
+            .offered()
+            .into_iter()
+            .map(|(entry, compatible)| {
                let installed = plugins
                    .get(&entry.id)
                    .filter(|p| p.source == PluginSource::Installed)
                    .map(|p| p.manifest().version.clone());
-                MarketPlugin { entry, installed }
+                MarketPlugin { entry: entry.clone(), installed, compatible }
            })
            .collect()
    }
@@ -139,12 +243,18 @@ impl PluginHost {
    pub fn download_market_plugin(&self, id: &str) -> IdeResult<PathBuf> {
        let url = self.market_url().ok_or_else(|| IdeError::unavailable("no plugin marketplace is configured"))?;
        let index = self.market.read().clone().ok_or_else(|| IdeError::unavailable("refresh the marketplace first"))?;
-        let entry = index
-            .plugins
-            .iter()
-            .find(|e| e.id == id)
-            .cloned()
+        let (entry, compatible) = index
+            .offered()
+            .into_iter()
+            .find(|(e, _)| e.id == id)
+            .map(|(e, ok)| (e.clone(), ok))
            .ok_or_else(|| IdeError::not_found(format!("{id} is not in the marketplace")))?;
+        if !compatible {
+            return Err(IdeError::unavailable(format!(
+                "{} {} needs plugin API {}: update OpenIDEA",
+                entry.name, entry.version, entry.engine
+            )));
+        }
        let bytes = read_url(&resolve(&url, &entry.download), MAX_PACKAGE).map_err(IdeError::unavailable)?;
        let downloads = self.plugins_dir.join(DOWNLOADS);
        std::fs::create_dir_all(&downloads)?;
@@ -182,6 +292,45 @@ impl PluginHost {
        Ok(dir)
    }

+    /// Writes a package the UI generated (an imported IntelliJ theme) into a
+    /// folder next to the downloads, named after `name` (its plugin id); returns the folder.
+    /// The install page validates it like any other package.
+    pub fn stage_package(&self, name: &str, files: &[PackageFile]) -> IdeResult<PathBuf> {
+        ide_extension::validate_item_id(name, "package name").map_err(IdeError::invalid)?;
+        if !files.iter().any(|f| f.path == MANIFEST_FILE) {
+            return Err(IdeError::invalid(format!("a package needs a {MANIFEST_FILE}")));
+        }
+        let total: usize = files.iter().map(|f| f.text.len()).sum();
+        if files.len() > MAX_STAGED_FILES || total > MAX_STAGED_BYTES {
+            return Err(IdeError::invalid("the package is too large"));
+        }
+        let mut seen = std::collections::HashSet::new();
+        for f in files {
+            let valid = !f.path.is_empty()
+                && f.path.len() <= 255
+                && f.path.split('/').all(|part| {
+                    !matches!(part, "" | "." | "..") && !part.contains(['\\', ':', '\0']) && !part.starts_with('.')
+                });
+            if !valid {
+                return Err(IdeError::invalid(format!("invalid package path {:?}", f.path)));
+            }
+            if !seen.insert(f.path.to_ascii_lowercase()) {
+                return Err(IdeError::invalid(format!("{} is in the package twice", f.path)));
+            }
+        }
+        // One folder per package, replaced by the next import of it: they don't pile up.
+        let dir = self.plugins_dir.join(DOWNLOADS).join(format!("{name}-generated"));
+        let _ = std::fs::remove_dir_all(&dir);
+        for f in files {
+            let path = dir.join(&f.path);
+            if let Some(parent) = path.parent() {
+                std::fs::create_dir_all(parent)?;
+            }
+            std::fs::write(&path, &f.text)?;
+        }
+        Ok(dir)
+    }
+
    /// Files of the package in `dir` (what its declarations reference, and
    /// the component): what a package file holds besides the manifest.
    pub fn package_files_of(&self, dir: &Path) -> IdeResult<Vec<PathBuf>> {
@@ -16,8 +16,12 @@
 //! projects) and folders linked with `openidea-plugin link` (`links.json`).

 mod api;
+mod icon_extensions;
+mod icon_patterns;
+mod icon_settings;
 mod icons;
 mod install;
+pub mod intellij;
 mod market;
 mod points;
 mod providers;
@@ -32,7 +36,10 @@ pub mod web;

 pub use api::{FileSecretStore, HostWorkspace, PluginWorkspace, SecretStore};
 pub use icons::{map_asset as icon_theme_map_asset, sanitize_svg, svg_prefix as icon_theme_svg_prefix};
-pub use market::{INDEX_FILE as MARKET_INDEX_FILE, MarketPlugin, OFFICIAL_INDEX as OFFICIAL_MARKET_INDEX};
+pub use market::{
+    INDEX_FILE as MARKET_INDEX_FILE, MarketPlugin, OFFICIAL_INDEX as OFFICIAL_MARKET_INDEX, OFFICIAL_PUBLISHER,
+    read_url as read_market_url, resolve as resolve_market_href,
+};
 pub use points::{COMMANDS, CommandDecl, register_builtin_points};
 pub(crate) use providers::editor_providers as editor_providers_for;
 pub use providers::{ProviderKind, set_editor_providers};
@@ -238,12 +245,16 @@ pub struct Consent {
    /// Optional capabilities the user accepted (`net:crates.io`, …). Required
    /// ones are implied by consenting at all.
    pub optional: Vec<String>,
+    /// The user accepted a package signed by another key than the installed
+    /// copy ([`InstallPreview::signer_changed`]).
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub signer_change: bool,
 }

 impl Consent {
    /// Accept everything the plugin asks for (tests, trusted official plugins).
    pub fn all() -> Self {
-        Self { optional: vec!["*".into()] }
+        Self { optional: vec!["*".into()], signer_change: true }
    }

    fn accepts(&self, cap: &Capability) -> bool {
@@ -270,6 +281,14 @@ pub struct InstallPreview {
    pub unsigned: bool,
    /// The verified publisher.
    pub publisher: Option<String>,
+    /// Replaces an installed copy signed with another key, which didn't
+    /// endorse this package's (or this one is unsigned): the user confirms it
+    /// ([`Consent::signer_change`]).
+    pub signer_changed: bool,
+    /// Something to confirm: a first install, an unsigned package, another
+    /// signer, or capabilities the installed version wasn't granted or
+    /// refused. Without, an update installs with the grants it has.
+    pub needs_consent: bool,
 }

 type ProjectPolicy = Arc<dyn Fn(&Path) -> bool + Send + Sync>;
@@ -316,6 +335,10 @@ pub struct PluginHost {
    pins: Arc<RwLock<HashMap<(String, String), ProgramPin>>>,
    /// The last marketplace index read: trust root for signatures, revocations.
    market: RwLock<Option<ide_extension::package::Index>>,
+    /// The official publisher's keys the index is pinned to (none: as listed).
+    official_keys: RwLock<Vec<String>>,
+    /// `id@version` of the updates last announced.
+    announced_updates: Mutex<Vec<String>>,
    /// The marketplace used while the user has set none (the app's official one).
    default_market_url: RwLock<Option<String>>,
    /// Updates not confirmed yet (the new version hasn't started once): what
@@ -354,9 +377,12 @@ impl PluginHost {
            policy_pins.read().get(&(plugin.to_owned(), cap.to_string())).cloned()
        }));
        let shared = api::Shared::new(sink.clone(), plugins_dir.join(".data"), pins.clone(), ui.clone());
-        let market = RwLock::new(Self::load_market_index(&plugins_dir));
+        let official_keys = market::built_in_official_keys();
+        let market = RwLock::new(Self::load_market_index(&plugins_dir, &official_keys));
        let host = Self {
            market,
+            official_keys: RwLock::new(official_keys),
+            announced_updates: Mutex::default(),
            default_market_url: RwLock::new(None),
            updates: Mutex::default(),
            project_policy: RwLock::new(Arc::new(|_| false)),
@@ -699,14 +725,27 @@ impl PluginHost {
        }
        let publisher = self.verified_publisher(src);
        let m = &pkg.manifest;
+        let replaces = self.plugins.read().get(&m.id).map(|p| p.manifest().version.clone());
+        // An update shows what the installed version was granted.
+        let grant = replaces
+            .as_ref()
+            .and_then(|_| self.ledger.lock().get(&Subject::Installed(m.id.clone())).cloned())
+            .filter(|g| g.confirmed);
+        let granted = |c: &Capability| grant.as_ref().is_some_and(|g| g.has(c));
        let mut capabilities: Vec<CapabilityInfo> =
-            m.capabilities.all().map(|c| CapabilityInfo::new(c, m.capabilities.is_optional(c), false)).collect();
+            m.capabilities.all().map(|c| CapabilityInfo::new(c, m.capabilities.is_optional(c), granted(c))).collect();
        for extra in &set.capabilities {
            if !m.declares(extra) {
-                capabilities.push(CapabilityInfo::new(extra, true, false));
+                capabilities.push(CapabilityInfo::new(extra, true, granted(extra)));
            }
        }
        capabilities.sort_by(|a, b| b.risk.cmp(&a.risk).then(a.id.cmp(&b.id)));
+        let signer_changed = self.signer_changed(&m.id, src);
+        let answered = |c: &CapabilityInfo| {
+            c.granted || (c.optional && grant.as_ref().is_some_and(|g| g.declined.contains(&c.id)))
+        };
+        let needs_consent =
+            grant.is_none() || publisher.is_none() || signer_changed || !capabilities.iter().all(answered);
        Ok(InstallPreview {
            id: m.id.clone(),
            name: m.name.clone(),
@@ -717,9 +756,11 @@ impl PluginHost {
            capabilities,
            contributions: counts(m),
            warnings: set.warnings.clone(),
-            replaces: self.plugins.read().get(&m.id).map(|p| p.manifest().version.clone()),
+            replaces,
            unsigned: publisher.is_none(),
            publisher,
+            signer_changed,
+            needs_consent,
        })
    }

@@ -742,6 +783,11 @@ impl PluginHost {
        if let Some(problem) = self.signature_problem(src) {
            return Err(IdeError::invalid(format!("refusing {id}: {problem}")));
        }
+        if !consent.signer_change && self.signer_changed(&id, src) {
+            return Err(IdeError::invalid(format!(
+                "refusing {id}: it is signed by another key than the installed version; confirm the change of signer"
+            )));
+        }
        let version = pkg.manifest.version.clone();
        if let Some(r) = self.market.read().as_ref().and_then(|i| i.revocation(&id, &version)) {
            return Err(IdeError::invalid(format!("{id} {version} was revoked: {}", r.reason)));
@@ -2207,6 +2253,7 @@ fn placeholder_manifest(dir: &Path) -> Manifest {
        homepage: None,
        license: None,
        change_notes: None,
+        declared_categories: Vec::new(),
        engine: ide_extension::ENGINE_VERSION.into(),
        legacy: false,
        wasm: None,
@@ -292,6 +292,21 @@ impl PluginHost {
        .collect()
    }

+    /// The edits of an action `plugin_id` returned with `data`, now that the
+    /// user picked it: a call with the command budget, not the edit path's.
+    pub fn resolve_code_action(
+        &self,
+        plugin_id: &str,
+        doc: &ProviderDocument,
+        action: CodeAction,
+    ) -> ide_core::IdeResult<CodeAction> {
+        let d = Arc::new(doc.clone());
+        let timeout = self.limits.timeout;
+        self.code_call(plugin_id, ide_plugin::Invocation::default(), "resolving the code action", move |rt, _| {
+            rt.resolve_code_action(&d, &action, timeout)
+        })
+    }
+
    pub fn provide_definition(&self, doc: &ProviderDocument, at: ide_core::Pos) -> Vec<Location> {
        let d = Arc::new(doc.clone());
        self.edit_calls(ProviderKind::Definition, &doc.language, move |rt, timeout| {
@@ -272,7 +272,8 @@ impl RemotePlugins {
                report.failed.push(format!("{}: invalid plugin id", pkg.id));
                continue;
            }
-            let consent = Consent { optional: pkg.granted.clone() };
+            // The desktop asked the user, change of signer included.
+            let consent = Consent { optional: pkg.granted.clone(), signer_change: true };
            if self.current_digest(&pkg.id).as_deref() == Some(pkg.digest.as_str()) {
                if let Err(e) = self.follow_grants(&pkg, &consent) {
                    report.failed.push(format!("{}: {e}", pkg.id));
@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ impl ExtensionPoint for ThemesPoint {

 /// Blanks out `//` and `/* */` comments outside strings, keeping newlines so
 /// parse errors still point at the right line.
-fn strip_json_comments(src: &str) -> String {
+pub(super) fn strip_json_comments(src: &str) -> String {
    let mut out = String::with_capacity(src.len());
    let mut chars = src.chars().peekable();
    let (mut in_str, mut escaped) = (false, false);
@@ -138,12 +138,24 @@ pub struct PluginsSnapshot {
    pub ui: Vec<UiContribution>,
 }

+/// A newer version of an installed plugin in the marketplace.
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, Deserialize, Type)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct PluginUpdate {
+    pub id: String,
+    pub name: String,
+    pub version: String,
+}
+
 /// Backend → UI notifications (Tauri event `ide://plugin`).
 #[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Serialize, Deserialize, Type)]
 #[serde(tag = "type", rename_all = "camelCase")]
 pub enum PluginEvent {
    /// Plugins, their status or their contributions changed: re-fetch `plugin_list`.
    CommandsChanged,
+    /// The marketplace offers newer versions of installed plugins (announced
+    /// once per set of versions).
+    UpdatesAvailable { updates: Vec<PluginUpdate> },
    #[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
    Notification { plugin_id: String, level: NotificationLevel, title: String, body: String },
    /// A plugin's status bar item was set (`item`) or removed.
@@ -212,6 +224,14 @@ impl PluginEditor {
    }
 }

+/// A text file of a package the UI generated, at its `/`-separated path in the package.
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, Serialize, Deserialize, Type)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct PackageFile {
+    pub path: String,
+    pub text: String,
+}
+
 /// A plugin's status bar item.
 #[derive(Clone, Debug, Serialize, Deserialize, Type)]
 #[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
@@ -34,6 +34,8 @@ pub struct Project {
    pub lsp: Arc<LspManager>,
    /// Git repositories: the one containing the project root and those nested below it.
    pub repos: Arc<RwLock<Repos>>,
+    /// Explicitly opened external logs remain read-only and outside project indexing.
+    pub(crate) external_log_repos: RwLock<Vec<Arc<Repo>>>,
    /// Incrementally maintained syntax trees of the open documents.
    pub syntax: Arc<SyntaxCache>,
    /// Tree-sitter structure queries (LSP fallback) over `syntax`.
@@ -56,6 +58,9 @@ pub struct Project {
    pub(crate) watcher: Watcher,
    /// Watchers of the Project Structure content roots outside the project folder.
    pub(crate) content_watchers: Mutex<Vec<(PathBuf, Watcher)>>,
+    /// Watchers of folders outside the project that language servers registered file
+    /// watchers for (a virtualenv elsewhere, a path dependency).
+    lsp_watchers: Mutex<Vec<(PathBuf, Watcher)>>,
    pub(crate) _scratch_watcher: Option<Watcher>,
    /// A LightEdit window's loose files ([`Host::open_light`]): global settings only,
    /// nothing indexed, no language servers, repositories or project services.
@@ -218,6 +223,8 @@ impl Host {
                    ide_sdk::jdtls::launch_directly(cfg);
                }
                ide_sdk::apply::server_protocol_overrides(cfg, &effective);
+                // After the overrides: the PHP version they may set decides the storage.
+                ide_sdk::php::configure_intelephense_storage(cfg, &data_dir);
                if cfg.name == "jdtls" {
                    let (excluded_poms, build_files) = jdtls_maven_import(root, &effective);
                    ide_sdk::apply::configure_maven_import(cfg, root, &excluded_poms, build_files.as_deref());
@@ -302,11 +309,16 @@ impl Host {
                sink.clone(),
                Box::new(move |batch| {
                    let changed: Vec<PathBuf> = batch.created.iter().chain(&batch.modified).cloned().collect();
-                    index.update(&changed, &batch.removed);
+                    let (ignored, ignored_gone) = ignored_changes(batch);
+                    index.update(&[&changed[..], &ignored].concat(), &[&batch.removed[..], &ignored_gone].concat());
                    kotlin_bridge.files_changed(changed.iter().chain(&batch.removed));
                    lsp.project_files_changed(batch.created.iter().chain(&batch.removed));
+                    lsp.watched_files_changed(&batch.created, &batch.modified, &batch.removed, &batch.excluded_dirs);
+                    if composer_changed(&root, changed.iter().chain(&batch.removed)) {
+                        lsp.reconfigure_soon();
+                    }
                    // Atomic saves by external tools surface as `created`.
-                    documents.on_disk_changed(&changed);
+                    documents.on_disk_changed(&[&changed[..], &ignored].concat());
                    // A framework's root marker (`angular.json`) created or deleted: its
                    // templates gain or lose their mode. Markers in `node_modules` only
                    // count here when the folder isn't excluded (it is by default).
@@ -410,7 +422,16 @@ impl Host {
        let content_watchers = extra_roots
            .iter()
            .filter_map(|r| {
-                let w = content_root_watcher(r, &excludes, &sink, &index, &documents, &history, Some(&kotlin_bridge))?;
+                let w = content_root_watcher(
+                    r,
+                    &excludes,
+                    &sink,
+                    &index,
+                    &documents,
+                    &history,
+                    &lsp,
+                    Some(&kotlin_bridge),
+                )?;
                Some((r.clone(), w))
            })
            .collect();
@@ -443,6 +464,7 @@ impl Host {
            index,
            lsp,
            repos,
+            external_log_repos: RwLock::default(),
            structure: Arc::new(StructureService::new(syntax.clone())),
            syntax,
            detected_roots,
@@ -457,6 +479,7 @@ impl Host {
            kotlin_bridge: Some(kotlin_bridge),
            watcher,
            content_watchers: Mutex::new(content_watchers),
+            lsp_watchers: Mutex::new(Vec::new()),
            _scratch_watcher: scratch_watcher,
            light: false,
        });
@@ -466,6 +489,14 @@ impl Host {
                weak.upgrade().map(|p| p.reference_candidates(q, cancel)).unwrap_or_default()
            }));
        }
+        {
+            let weak = Arc::downgrade(&project);
+            project.lsp.set_file_watch_roots_hook(Box::new(move |roots| {
+                if let Some(p) = weak.upgrade() {
+                    p.watch_for_language_servers(roots);
+                }
+            }));
+        }
        {
            let weak = Arc::downgrade(&project);
            project.lsp.set_project_excludes_hook(Box::new(move || {
@@ -567,6 +598,7 @@ impl Host {
            index,
            lsp,
            repos: Arc::default(),
+            external_log_repos: RwLock::default(),
            structure: Arc::new(StructureService::new(syntax.clone())),
            syntax,
            detected_roots: Arc::default(),
@@ -581,6 +613,7 @@ impl Host {
            kotlin_bridge: None,
            watcher,
            content_watchers: Mutex::new(Vec::new()),
+            lsp_watchers: Mutex::new(Vec::new()),
            _scratch_watcher: None,
            light: true,
            root: dir,
@@ -663,7 +696,14 @@ fn scan_repositories(
    build_cache: &Path,
 ) {
    let ignored = settings.effective().ignored_names();
-    let skip = |p: &Path| p.file_name().is_some_and(|n| ignored.is_ignored_name(&n.to_string_lossy()));
+    let skip = |p: &Path| {
+        p.file_name().is_some_and(|n| {
+            let name = n.to_string_lossy();
+            ignored.is_ignored_name(&name)
+                || (ide_workspace::unity::GENERATED_DIRS.contains(&name.as_ref())
+                    && p.parent().is_some_and(ide_workspace::unity::is_project))
+        })
+    };
    let mut roots = vec![root.to_path_buf()];
    roots.extend(content_roots(&settings.effective(), root, build_cache));
    match Repos::discover_roots(&roots, &skip) {
@@ -710,6 +750,51 @@ impl Project {
        }
    }

+    pub fn open_external_log(&self, path: &Path) -> IdeResult<PathBuf> {
+        let root = dunce::canonicalize(path)?;
+        let repo = Repo::discover(&root)?.ok_or_else(|| IdeError::unavailable("folder is not a Git worktree"))?;
+        let root = repo.root().to_path_buf();
+        repo.set_execution_allowed(false);
+        let mut external = self.external_log_repos.write();
+        if !external.iter().any(|r| r.root() == root) {
+            external.push(Arc::new(repo));
+        }
+        Ok(root)
+    }
+
+    /// Log read operations may also use an explicitly opened external worktree.
+    /// Mutations continue to use `with_repo_at` and cannot reach these repositories.
+    pub fn with_log_repo_at<T>(&self, at: Option<&Path>, f: impl FnOnce(&Repo) -> IdeResult<T>) -> IdeResult<T> {
+        if let Some(path) = at
+            && self.repos().at_root(path).is_none()
+        {
+            let repo = self
+                .external_log_repos
+                .read()
+                .iter()
+                .find(|r| r.root() == path)
+                .cloned()
+                .ok_or_else(|| IdeError::unavailable("external Git log is not open"))?;
+            return f(&repo);
+        }
+        self.with_repo_at(at, f)
+    }
+
+    pub fn with_log_repo_of<T>(&self, path: &Path, f: impl FnOnce(&Repo) -> IdeResult<T>) -> IdeResult<T> {
+        if self.repos().for_path(path).is_some() {
+            return self.with_repo_of(path, f);
+        }
+        let repo = self
+            .external_log_repos
+            .read()
+            .iter()
+            .filter(|r| path.starts_with(r.root()))
+            .max_by_key(|r| r.root().components().count())
+            .cloned()
+            .ok_or_else(|| IdeError::unavailable("path is not in an open Git log"))?;
+        f(&repo)
+    }
+
    /// Runs `f` with the repository `path` (a file or folder) belongs to.
    pub fn with_repo_of<T>(&self, path: &Path, f: impl FnOnce(&Repo) -> IdeResult<T>) -> IdeResult<T> {
        match self.repos().for_path(path) {
@@ -815,7 +900,8 @@ impl Project {

    /// Project files of `q.languages` under `q.root` containing `q.word` as a whole
    /// word (unsaved buffers included; excluded roots, ignored names and
-    /// `.gitignore`d files skipped): the files a references search opens on its server.
+    /// `.gitignore`d folders skipped, while `.gitignore`d files elsewhere count, as
+    /// in IDEA's project scope): the files a references search opens on its server.
    pub fn reference_candidates(
        &self,
        q: &ide_lsp::CandidateQuery,
@@ -893,6 +979,7 @@ impl Project {
                &self.index,
                &self.documents,
                &self.history,
+                &self.lsp,
                self.kotlin_bridge.as_ref(),
            ) {
                watchers.push((r, w));
@@ -924,7 +1011,7 @@ impl Project {
            return encoding_rs::Encoding::for_label(loaded.encoding.as_bytes())
                .ok_or_else(|| ide_core::IdeError::invalid("unknown file encoding"));
        }
-        let bytes = self.with_repo_of(path, |r| r.file_bytes_at(path, rev))?.unwrap_or_default();
+        let bytes = self.with_log_repo_of(path, |r| r.file_bytes_at(path, rev))?.unwrap_or_default();
        Ok(ide_vfs::detect_encoding(&bytes, fallback))
    }

@@ -947,6 +1034,11 @@ const HISTORY_BATCH_LIMIT: usize = 500;

 /// Local History for changes made outside the IDE (other tools, VCS, deletions).
 /// Contents equal to the last snapshot (e.g. the IDE's own saves) are skipped.
+/// The batch's ignored files (`.env`), split into those still on disk and those removed.
+fn ignored_changes(batch: &ide_vfs::FsBatch) -> (Vec<PathBuf>, Vec<PathBuf>) {
+    batch.ignored.iter().cloned().partition(|p| p.symlink_metadata().is_ok())
+}
+
 fn record_external_changes(history: &LocalHistory, changed: &[PathBuf], removed: &[PathBuf]) {
    for path in changed.iter().take(HISTORY_BATCH_LIMIT) {
        if let Err(e) = history.record_file(path, "External change", false) {
@@ -990,6 +1082,31 @@ fn content_roots(settings: &ide_core::settings::Settings, root: &Path, build_cac

 /// Watches a content root outside the project: the index, open documents and
 /// Local History follow its changes like the project folder's.
+impl Project {
+    /// Watches `roots` (outside the project) for the language servers that asked to.
+    fn watch_for_language_servers(&self, roots: Vec<PathBuf>) {
+        let mut watchers = self.lsp_watchers.lock();
+        watchers.retain(|(r, _)| roots.contains(r));
+        for root in roots {
+            if watchers.iter().any(|(r, _)| *r == root) || !root.is_dir() {
+                continue;
+            }
+            let lsp = Arc::downgrade(&self.lsp);
+            let on_change = Box::new(move |batch: &ide_vfs::FsBatch| {
+                if let Some(lsp) = lsp.upgrade() {
+                    lsp.watched_files_changed(&batch.created, &batch.modified, &batch.removed, &batch.excluded_dirs);
+                }
+            });
+            // Not project files: nothing else hears of them.
+            match Watcher::start(&root, Vec::new(), Arc::new(ide_core::NullSink), on_change) {
+                Ok(w) => watchers.push((root, w)),
+                Err(e) => tracing::warn!("language server watcher {}: {e}", root.display()),
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[allow(clippy::too_many_arguments)]
 fn content_root_watcher(
    dir: &Path,
    excludes: &[String],
@@ -997,21 +1114,28 @@ fn content_root_watcher(
    index: &Arc<ProjectIndex>,
    documents: &Arc<Documents>,
    history: &Arc<LocalHistory>,
+    lsp: &Arc<LspManager>,
    kotlin_bridge: Option<&Arc<crate::kotlin_bridge::KotlinBridge>>,
 ) -> Option<Watcher> {
    let kotlin_bridge = kotlin_bridge.cloned();
-    let (index, documents, history) = (index.clone(), documents.clone(), history.clone());
+    let (index, documents, history, lsp) = (index.clone(), documents.clone(), history.clone(), lsp.clone());
+    let root = dir.to_path_buf();
    Watcher::start(
        dir,
        excludes.to_vec(),
        sink.clone(),
        Box::new(move |batch| {
            let changed: Vec<PathBuf> = batch.created.iter().chain(&batch.modified).cloned().collect();
-            index.update(&changed, &batch.removed);
+            let (ignored, ignored_gone) = ignored_changes(batch);
+            index.update(&[&changed[..], &ignored].concat(), &[&batch.removed[..], &ignored_gone].concat());
+            // A workspace member's PHP language level follows its own composer.json.
+            if composer_changed(&root, changed.iter().chain(&batch.removed)) {
+                lsp.reconfigure_soon();
+            }
            if let Some(bridge) = &kotlin_bridge {
                bridge.files_changed(changed.iter().chain(&batch.removed));
            }
-            documents.on_disk_changed(&changed);
+            documents.on_disk_changed(&[&changed[..], &ignored].concat());
            record_external_changes(&history, &changed, &batch.removed);
        }),
    )
@@ -1019,6 +1143,13 @@ fn content_root_watcher(
    .ok()
 }

+/// Whether the `composer.json` of `root` is among `paths`: the PHP language level follows it
+/// (`ide_sdk::php`).
+fn composer_changed<'a>(root: &Path, mut paths: impl Iterator<Item = &'a PathBuf>) -> bool {
+    let composer = root.join("composer.json");
+    paths.any(|p| *p == composer)
+}
+
 /// Where agent tasks create their worktrees: next to the project, `<parent>/<name>.worktrees`,
 /// so they sit on the project's drive and outside its tree (not indexed, watched or shown in
 /// its git status); `fallback` for a project at a filesystem root.
@@ -1435,3 +1566,21 @@ mod agent_worktree_tests {
        assert_eq!(agent_worktrees_dir(Path::new("/"), fallback), fallback());
    }
 }
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod composer_tests {
+    use super::composer_changed;
+    use std::path::{Path, PathBuf};
+
+    #[test]
+    fn only_the_roots_own_composer_json_counts() {
+        let root = Path::new("/work/app");
+        let changed = |paths: &[&str]| {
+            let paths: Vec<PathBuf> = paths.iter().map(|p| root.join(p)).collect();
+            composer_changed(root, paths.iter())
+        };
+        assert!(changed(&["src/a.php", "composer.json"]));
+        assert!(!changed(&["composer.lock", "vendor/acme/lib/composer.json", "packages/b/composer.json"]));
+        assert!(!changed(&[]));
+    }
+}
@@ -188,7 +188,7 @@ impl Dispatcher {
            ops::fs::create_file_bytes(&c.host, c.arg("path")?, c.arg("data")?).await
        })
        .add("fs_create_dir", |c| async move { ide_vfs::create_dir(&c.arg::<PathBuf>("path")?) })
-        .add("fs_rename", |c| async move { ide_vfs::rename(&c.arg::<PathBuf>("from")?, &c.arg::<PathBuf>("to")?) })
+        .add("fs_rename", |c| async move { ops::fs::rename(&c.host, c.arg("from")?, c.arg("to")?).await })
        .add("fs_set_writable", |c| async move {
            ops::fs::set_writable(&c.host, &c.window, c.arg("path")?, c.arg("writable")?)
        })
@@ -257,6 +257,8 @@ impl Dispatcher {
                &c.arg::<Option<Vec<String>>>("removedDetectedIds")?.unwrap_or_default(),
            )
        })
+        .add("run_without_derived", |c| async move { ops::run::without_derived(&c.host, &c.window, c.arg("configs")?) })
+        .add("run_apply_settings", |c| async move { ops::run::apply_settings(&c.host, &c.window, c.arg("configs")?) })
        .add("run_system_env", |_| async move { Ok(ide_run::system_env()) })
        .add("run_start", |c| async move {
            let on_output = c.channel("onOutput")?;
@@ -177,6 +177,10 @@ pub(crate) fn read_login_env(shell: &str, timeout: std::time::Duration) -> Optio
            }
        }
    }
+    // Nor what the last read found that this process lacks: children get it, the shell must not.
+    for (k, _) in ide_core::process::shell_env() {
+        cmd.env_remove(k);
+    }
    ide_core::process::prepare(&mut cmd);
    let mut child = cmd
        .args(["-ilc", &format!("printf '{MARK}'; /usr/bin/env -0; printf '{MARK}'")])
@@ -257,6 +261,14 @@ mod tests {
        std::fs::write(&rc, "export OPENIDEA_TEST_RC='two words'\n").unwrap();
        let second = read_login_env(&shell, Duration::from_secs(10)).unwrap();
        assert_eq!(get(&second, "OPENIDEA_TEST_RC").as_deref(), Some("two words"));
+
+        // What a read found goes to children, not into the next read: an rc file that no
+        // longer exports a variable drops it.
+        ide_core::process::set_shell_env(second);
+        std::fs::write(&rc, "export OPENIDEA_TEST_SEEN=\"${OPENIDEA_TEST_RC:-unset}\"\n").unwrap();
+        let third = read_login_env(&shell, Duration::from_secs(10)).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(get(&third, "OPENIDEA_TEST_RC"), None);
+        assert_eq!(get(&third, "OPENIDEA_TEST_SEEN").as_deref(), Some("unset"));
    }

    #[test]
@@ -222,10 +222,12 @@ pub fn restricted_command_allowed(cmd: &str) -> bool {
            | "project_current"
            | "project_roots"
            | "index_status"
+            | "index_file_extensions"
            | "jvm_file_presentations"
            | "deploy_coverage"
            | "deploy_test_connection"
            | "find_files"
+            | "find_dirs"
            | "find_symbols"
            | "mark_recent"
            | "remove_recent"
@@ -274,6 +276,15 @@ pub fn restricted_command_allowed(cmd: &str) -> bool {
            | "plugin_set_theme_frame"
            | "plugin_catalog"
            | "plugin_assets"
+            | "plugin_market"
+            | "plugin_market_url"
+            | "plugin_set_market_url"
+            | "plugin_market_download"
+            | "plugin_unpack_package"
+            | "plugin_stage_package"
+            | "plugin_preview_install"
+            | "plugin_read_intellij_theme"
+            | "plugin_installed_intellij_themes"
            | "notebook_open"
            | "notebook_get"
            | "notebook_edit"
@@ -295,7 +306,16 @@ pub fn restricted_command_allowed(cmd: &str) -> bool {
            | "vcs_line_hunks"
            | "vcs_file_at"
            | "vcs_blame"
+            | "vcs_block_history"
            | "vcs_log"
+            | "vcs_log_refs"
+            | "vcs_log_users"
+            | "vcs_log_details"
+            | "vcs_log_details_batch"
+            | "vcs_log_index"
+            | "vcs_revision_children"
+            | "vcs_revision_files"
+            | "vcs_open_external_log"
            | "vcs_commit_files"
            | "vcs_commits_changes"
            | "vcs_branches"
@@ -319,12 +339,31 @@ pub fn restricted_command_allowed(cmd: &str) -> bool {
    ) || cmd.starts_with("plugin:")
 }

+/// Commands that change which plugin code runs: allowed where no project is open (the
+/// welcome screen), otherwise only in a trusted project.
+pub fn projectless_command_allowed(cmd: &str) -> bool {
+    matches!(
+        cmd,
+        "plugin_install_dir"
+            | "plugin_uninstall"
+            | "plugin_set_enabled"
+            | "plugin_grant"
+            | "plugin_set_capability"
+            | "plugin_roll_back"
+            | "plugin_reload"
+    )
+}
+
 impl crate::Host {
    pub fn authorize_command(&self, window: &str, command: &str) -> IdeResult<()> {
        if restricted_command_allowed(command) {
            return Ok(());
        }
-        self.project(window)?.require_trust()
+        match self.project(window) {
+            Ok(project) => project.require_trust(),
+            Err(_) if projectless_command_allowed(command) => Ok(()),
+            Err(error) => Err(error),
+        }
    }
 }

@@ -131,25 +131,44 @@ fn installs_from_before_versioning_keep_working_and_move_on_update() {

 /// `hello` as `acme.hello` at `version`, packed and signed with `key`.
 fn signed_hello(dir: &Path, version: &str, key: &PublisherKey, host: &PluginHost) -> (PathBuf, IndexEntry) {
-    let src = variant(&repo().join("crates/ide-plugin/tests/fixtures/hello"), dir, &format!("src-{version}"), |t| {
-        t.replace("id = \"hello\"", "id = \"acme.hello\"")
-            .replace("version = \"0.3.0\"", &format!("version = \"{version}\""))
-    });
+    signed(dir, "acme", version, key, host, |t| t.to_owned())
+}
+
+/// `hello` as `<publisher>.hello` at `version`, its manifest changed by
+/// `edit`, packed and signed with `key`.
+fn signed(
+    dir: &Path,
+    publisher: &str,
+    version: &str,
+    key: &PublisherKey,
+    host: &PluginHost,
+    edit: impl Fn(&str) -> String,
+) -> (PathBuf, IndexEntry) {
+    let id = format!("{publisher}.hello");
+    let src =
+        variant(&repo().join("crates/ide-plugin/tests/fixtures/hello"), dir, &format!("src-{id}-{version}"), |t| {
+            edit(
+                &t.replace("id = \"hello\"", &format!("id = \"{id}\""))
+                    .replace("version = \"0.3.0\"", &format!("version = \"{version}\"")),
+            )
+        });
    let files = host.package_files_of(&src).unwrap();
    let digest = package::package_digest(&src, &files).unwrap();
-    let sig = key.sign("acme", "acme.hello", version, &digest);
-    let out = dir.join(format!("acme.hello-{version}.oiplugin"));
+    let sig = key.sign(publisher, &id, version, &digest);
+    let out = dir.join(format!("{id}-{version}.oiplugin"));
    package::pack(&src, &files, &out, Some(&sig)).unwrap();
    let entry = IndexEntry {
-        id: "acme.hello".into(),
+        id: id.clone(),
        name: "Hello".into(),
        version: version.into(),
        description: String::new(),
        authors: vec![],
-        publisher: "acme".into(),
+        publisher: publisher.into(),
        download: out.file_name().unwrap().to_string_lossy().into_owned(),
        digest,
        capabilities: vec![],
+        engine: "^1.0".into(),
+        categories: vec!["tools".into()],
    };
    (out, entry)
 }
@@ -166,10 +185,11 @@ fn write_index(
        publishers: vec![Publisher {
            id: "acme".into(),
            name: "ACME".into(),
-            keys: vec![KeyEntry { key: key.public_base64(), revoked: key_revoked }],
+            keys: vec![KeyEntry { revoked: key_revoked, ..KeyEntry::new(key.public_base64()) }],
        }],
        plugins,
        revoked,
+        moved: None,
    };
    let path = dir.join("index.json");
    std::fs::write(&path, serde_json::to_string(&index).unwrap()).unwrap();
@@ -260,3 +280,210 @@ fn package_files_install_from_disk_unsigned() {
    let info = f.host.install_from_dir(&dir, &Consent::all()).unwrap();
    assert_eq!((info.status, info.publisher), (PluginStatus::Inactive, None));
 }
+
+#[test]
+fn the_marketplace_offers_the_newest_version_this_ide_can_load() {
+    let f = fixture();
+    let market = f.work.join("market");
+    std::fs::create_dir_all(&market).unwrap();
+    let key = PublisherKey::from_seed([3; 32]);
+    let (_, old) = signed_hello(&market, "1.0.0", &key, &f.host);
+    let (_, new) = signed_hello(&market, "2.0.0", &key, &f.host);
+    let next_major = ide_extension::ENGINE_VERSION.split('.').next().unwrap().parse::<u64>().unwrap() + 1;
+    let new = IndexEntry { engine: format!("^{next_major}.0"), ..new };
+    f.host.set_market_url(Some(write_index(&market, &key, vec![old.clone(), new.clone()], vec![], false)));
+
+    let listed = f.host.refresh_market().unwrap();
+    assert_eq!((listed.len(), listed[0].entry.version.as_str(), listed[0].compatible), (1, "1.0.0", true));
+    let dir = f.host.download_market_plugin("acme.hello").unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(f.host.preview_install(&dir).unwrap().version, "1.0.0");
+
+    // Only a version for a newer IDE: shown as such, not downloaded.
+    write_index(&market, &key, vec![new], vec![], false);
+    let listed = f.host.refresh_market().unwrap();
+    assert_eq!((listed[0].entry.version.as_str(), listed[0].compatible), ("2.0.0", false));
+    let err = f.host.download_market_plugin("acme.hello").unwrap_err();
+    assert!(err.message.contains("update OpenIDEA"), "{}", err.message);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn a_moved_marketplace_is_read_where_it_moved_to() {
+    let f = fixture();
+    let market = f.work.join("market");
+    std::fs::create_dir_all(&market).unwrap();
+    let key = PublisherKey::from_seed([3; 32]);
+    let (_, entry) = signed_hello(&market, "1.0.0", &key, &f.host);
+    write_index(&market, &key, vec![entry], vec![], false);
+    // The old address points at the new one; downloads resolve against where the index is.
+    let old = f.work.join("old");
+    std::fs::create_dir_all(&old).unwrap();
+    std::fs::write(old.join("index.json"), r#"{"format": 1, "moved": "../market/index.json"}"#).unwrap();
+    f.host.set_market_url(Some(old.join("index.json").to_string_lossy().into_owned()));
+
+    let listed = f.host.refresh_market().unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(listed[0].entry.id, "acme.hello");
+    let dir = f.host.download_market_plugin("acme.hello").unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(f.host.preview_install(&dir).unwrap().version, "1.0.0");
+
+    // A loop gives up.
+    std::fs::write(old.join("index.json"), r#"{"format": 1, "moved": "index.json"}"#).unwrap();
+    let err = f.host.refresh_market().unwrap_err();
+    assert!(err.message.contains("moved more than"), "{}", err.message);
+}
+
+/// `dir/index.json` listing `publishers` and `plugins`; its path.
+fn index_of(dir: &Path, publishers: Vec<Publisher>, plugins: Vec<IndexEntry>) -> String {
+    let index = Index { format: package::INDEX_FORMAT, publishers, plugins, ..Index::default() };
+    let path = dir.join("index.json");
+    std::fs::write(&path, serde_json::to_string(&index).unwrap()).unwrap();
+    path.to_string_lossy().into_owned()
+}
+
+fn publisher(id: &str, keys: Vec<KeyEntry>) -> Publisher {
+    Publisher { id: id.into(), name: id.into(), keys }
+}
+
+fn updates_announced(events: &Events) -> Vec<Vec<String>> {
+    events
+        .lock()
+        .iter()
+        .filter_map(|e| match e {
+            PluginEvent::UpdatesAvailable { updates } => {
+                Some(updates.iter().map(|u| format!("{} {}", u.id, u.version)).collect())
+            }
+            _ => None,
+        })
+        .collect()
+}
+
+/// What the install page sends for an update it doesn't need to show: the grants the installed version has.
+fn as_granted(preview: &InstallPreview) -> Consent {
+    let optional = preview.capabilities.iter().filter(|c| c.optional && c.granted).map(|c| c.id.clone()).collect();
+    Consent { optional, signer_change: false }
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn updates_keep_their_signer_and_need_no_consent_when_nothing_is_new() {
+    let f = fixture();
+    let market = f.work.join("market");
+    std::fs::create_dir_all(&market).unwrap();
+    let (k1, k2, k3) =
+        (PublisherKey::from_seed([1; 32]), PublisherKey::from_seed([2; 32]), PublisherKey::from_seed([3; 32]));
+    let same = |t: &str| t.to_owned();
+    let (_, v1) = signed(&market, "acme", "1.0.0", &k1, &f.host, same);
+    f.host.set_market_url(Some(index_of(
+        &market,
+        vec![publisher("acme", vec![KeyEntry::new(k1.public_base64())])],
+        vec![v1.clone()],
+    )));
+    f.host.refresh_market().unwrap();
+    let dir = f.host.download_market_plugin("acme.hello").unwrap();
+    let first = f.host.preview_install(&dir).unwrap();
+    assert!(first.needs_consent && !first.signer_changed, "a first install is confirmed");
+    f.host.install_from_dir(&dir, &Consent::default()).unwrap();
+    assert!(updates_announced(&f.events).is_empty());
+
+    // 1.1.0, same key and needs: announced once, installed with the grants it has.
+    let (_, v11) = signed(&market, "acme", "1.1.0", &k1, &f.host, same);
+    let keys1 = vec![KeyEntry::new(k1.public_base64())];
+    index_of(&market, vec![publisher("acme", keys1.clone())], vec![v1.clone(), v11.clone()]);
+    f.host.refresh_market().unwrap();
+    f.host.refresh_market().unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(updates_announced(&f.events), [["acme.hello 1.1.0"]], "once per set of versions");
+    let dir = f.host.download_market_plugin("acme.hello").unwrap();
+    let preview = f.host.preview_install(&dir).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(preview.replaces.as_deref(), Some("1.0.0"));
+    assert!(!preview.needs_consent && !preview.signer_changed);
+    assert!(preview.capabilities.iter().all(|c| c.granted), "shows what the installed version was granted");
+    f.host.install_from_dir(&dir, &as_granted(&preview)).unwrap();
+    assert!(f.host.market_plugins().iter().all(|p| !p.is_update()));
+
+    // 1.2.0 asks for something new: the user is asked.
+    let (_, v12) = signed(&market, "acme", "1.2.0", &k1, &f.host, |t| {
+        t.replace(
+            "required = [\"editor.read\", \"editor.write\"]",
+            "required = [\"editor.read\", \"editor.write\"]\noptional = [\"net:example.com\"]",
+        )
+    });
+    index_of(&market, vec![publisher("acme", keys1.clone())], vec![v12.clone()]);
+    f.host.refresh_market().unwrap();
+    let dir = f.host.download_market_plugin("acme.hello").unwrap();
+    let preview = f.host.preview_install(&dir).unwrap();
+    assert!(preview.needs_consent && !preview.signer_changed);
+    f.host.install_from_dir(&dir, &Consent::default()).unwrap();
+
+    // 1.3.0 signed with a key the installed one didn't endorse: another signer, the user's call.
+    let (_, v13) = signed(&market, "acme", "1.3.0", &k2, &f.host, same);
+    let keys12 = vec![KeyEntry::new(k1.public_base64()), KeyEntry::new(k2.public_base64())];
+    index_of(&market, vec![publisher("acme", keys12)], vec![v13]);
+    f.host.refresh_market().unwrap();
+    let dir = f.host.download_market_plugin("acme.hello").unwrap();
+    let preview = f.host.preview_install(&dir).unwrap();
+    assert!(preview.signer_changed && preview.needs_consent);
+    let err = f.host.install_from_dir(&dir, &as_granted(&preview)).unwrap_err();
+    assert!(err.message.contains("another key"), "{}", err.message);
+    assert_eq!(f.host.info_of("acme.hello").unwrap().version, "1.2.0", "nothing changed");
+    f.host.install_from_dir(&dir, &Consent { signer_change: true, ..as_granted(&preview) }).unwrap();
+
+    // 1.4.0 signed with k3, which k2 endorsed: a rotation the installed signer vouched for.
+    let (_, v14) = signed(&market, "acme", "1.4.0", &k3, &f.host, same);
+    let keys = vec![
+        KeyEntry { endorsement: Some(k2.endorse("acme", &k3.public_base64())), ..KeyEntry::new(k3.public_base64()) },
+        KeyEntry::new(k2.public_base64()),
+    ];
+    index_of(&market, vec![publisher("acme", keys)], vec![v14]);
+    f.host.refresh_market().unwrap();
+    let dir = f.host.download_market_plugin("acme.hello").unwrap();
+    let preview = f.host.preview_install(&dir).unwrap();
+    assert!(!preview.signer_changed && !preview.needs_consent);
+    f.host.install_from_dir(&dir, &as_granted(&preview)).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(f.host.info_of("acme.hello").unwrap().version, "1.4.0");
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn an_index_in_a_newer_format_still_revokes() {
+    let f = fixture();
+    let market = f.work.join("market");
+    std::fs::create_dir_all(&market).unwrap();
+    let key = PublisherKey::from_seed([3; 32]);
+    let (_, entry) = signed_hello(&market, "1.0.0", &key, &f.host);
+    f.host.set_market_url(Some(write_index(&market, &key, vec![entry], vec![], false)));
+    f.host.refresh_market().unwrap();
+    let dir = f.host.download_market_plugin("acme.hello").unwrap();
+    f.host.install_from_dir(&dir, &Consent::all()).unwrap();
+
+    let newer = format!(
+        r#"{{"format": {}, "plugins": "a shape this IDE can't read",
+            "revoked": [{{"id": "acme.hello", "reason": "steals tokens"}}]}}"#,
+        package::INDEX_FORMAT + 1
+    );
+    std::fs::write(market.join("index.json"), newer).unwrap();
+    let err = f.host.refresh_market().unwrap_err();
+    assert!(err.message.contains("newer OpenIDEA"), "{}", err.message);
+    let info = f.host.info_of("acme.hello").unwrap();
+    assert_eq!((info.status, info.error.as_deref()), (PluginStatus::Failed, Some("revoked: steals tokens")));
+    assert!(f.host.market_plugins().is_empty());
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn official_plugins_need_the_key_this_ide_was_built_with() {
+    let f = fixture();
+    let market = f.work.join("market");
+    std::fs::create_dir_all(&market).unwrap();
+    let (root, intruder) = (PublisherKey::from_seed([1; 32]), PublisherKey::from_seed([6; 32]));
+    f.host.set_official_keys(vec![root.public_base64()]);
+    // The index lists the intruder's key for the official publisher.
+    let (_, forged) = signed(&market, OFFICIAL_PUBLISHER, "1.0.0", &intruder, &f.host, |t| t.to_owned());
+    let keys = vec![KeyEntry::new(intruder.public_base64())];
+    f.host.set_market_url(Some(index_of(&market, vec![publisher(OFFICIAL_PUBLISHER, keys.clone())], vec![forged])));
+    f.host.refresh_market().unwrap();
+    let err = f.host.download_market_plugin("openidea.hello").unwrap_err();
+    assert!(err.message.contains("trusted publisher"), "{}", err.message);
+
+    // Signed with the built-in key it installs, whatever keys the index lists.
+    let (_, genuine) = signed(&market, OFFICIAL_PUBLISHER, "1.0.1", &root, &f.host, |t| t.to_owned());
+    index_of(&market, vec![publisher(OFFICIAL_PUBLISHER, keys)], vec![genuine]);
+    f.host.refresh_market().unwrap();
+    let dir = f.host.download_market_plugin("openidea.hello").unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(f.host.preview_install(&dir).unwrap().publisher.as_deref(), Some(OFFICIAL_PUBLISHER));
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,115 @@
+//! Explicit external logs allow history reads without adding a writable project root.
+use ide_core::NullSink;
+use ide_host::{Host, HostConfig, ops::vcs};
+use std::{path::Path, process::Command, sync::Arc};
+
+fn git(root: &Path, args: &[&str]) -> String {
+    let output = Command::new("git")
+        .current_dir(root)
+        .args(["-c", "user.name=Test", "-c", "[email protected]", "-c", "commit.gpgsign=false"])
+        .args(args)
+        .output()
+        .unwrap();
+    assert!(output.status.success(), "{}", String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr));
+    String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap().trim().to_owned()
+}
+
+#[tokio::test(flavor = "multi_thread", worker_threads = 2)]
+async fn external_history_is_readable_and_never_becomes_a_write_target() {
+    let temp = tempfile::tempdir().unwrap();
+    let base = dunce::canonicalize(temp.path()).unwrap();
+    let root = base.join("project");
+    let external = base.join("external");
+    std::fs::create_dir_all(&root).unwrap();
+    std::fs::create_dir_all(&external).unwrap();
+    git(&external, &["init", "-b", "main"]);
+    let deleted = external.join("deleted.txt");
+    std::fs::write(&deleted, "historical content\n").unwrap();
+    git(&external, &["add", "."]);
+    git(&external, &["commit", "-m", "initial"]);
+    let first = git(&external, &["rev-parse", "HEAD"]);
+    git(&external, &["rm", "deleted.txt"]);
+    git(&external, &["commit", "-m", "delete"]);
+    let head = git(&external, &["rev-parse", "HEAD"]);
+    let host = Host::new(HostConfig {
+        config_dir: base.join("config"),
+        data_dir: base.join("data"),
+        local_data_dir: base.join("data"),
+        languages: Arc::new(ide_language::LanguageRegistry::load(None).unwrap()),
+        syntax: Arc::default(),
+        sink_for: Box::new(|_| Arc::new(NullSink)),
+        owner: |w| w,
+        runtime: tokio::runtime::Handle::current(),
+        project_environment: false,
+    });
+    // A standalone editor needs no project, indexer, or writable VCS root.
+    vcs::vcs_open_external_log(&host, "standalone", external.clone()).await.unwrap();
+    let standalone = vcs::vcs_log(&host, "standalone", Some(external.clone()), Default::default()).await.unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(standalone[0].id, head);
+    let details = vcs::vcs_log_details_batch(
+        &host,
+        "standalone",
+        Some(external.clone()),
+        vec![head.clone(), first.clone()],
+        ide_core::RequestId(987),
+    )
+    .await
+    .unwrap();
+    assert!(details.iter().all(|d| d.signature == "N"));
+    assert_eq!(
+        vcs::vcs_revision_children(&host, "standalone", Some(external.clone()), first.clone(), String::new())
+            .await
+            .unwrap(),
+        vec!["deleted.txt"]
+    );
+    assert!(host.project("standalone").is_err());
+    host.trust.decide(&external, false, false).unwrap();
+    let restricted = host.open_project("restricted", &external).unwrap();
+    assert!(!restricted.is_trusted());
+    vcs::vcs_open_external_log(&host, "restricted", external.clone()).await.unwrap();
+    let restricted_log = vcs::vcs_log(
+        &host,
+        "restricted",
+        Some(external.clone()),
+        ide_vcs::LogQuery { request: Some(ide_core::RequestId(988)), summary_only: true, ..Default::default() },
+    )
+    .await
+    .unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(restricted_log[0].id, head);
+    assert_eq!(
+        vcs::vcs_log_details_batch(
+            &host,
+            "restricted",
+            Some(external.clone()),
+            vec![head.clone()],
+            ide_core::RequestId(989)
+        )
+        .await
+        .unwrap()[0]
+            .signature,
+        "N"
+    );
+    host.close_project("restricted");
+    let payload =
+        serde_json::to_vec(&serde_json::json!({ "repo": external, "revision": first, "path": "deleted.txt" })).unwrap();
+    let hex = payload.iter().map(|b| format!("{b:02x}")).collect::<String>();
+    let document =
+        vcs::revision_virtual_document(&host, "standalone", &format!("git-revision:{hex}/deleted.txt")).await.unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(document.text, "historical content\n");
+    host.trust.decide(&root, true, false).unwrap();
+    let project = host.open_project("main", &root).unwrap();
+    assert!(vcs::vcs_log(&host, "main", Some(external.clone()), Default::default()).await.is_err());
+    vcs::vcs_open_external_log(&host, "main", external.clone()).await.unwrap();
+    let log = vcs::vcs_log(&host, "main", Some(external.clone()), Default::default()).await.unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(log.iter().map(|c| c.id.as_str()).collect::<Vec<_>>(), vec![head.as_str(), first.as_str()]);
+    assert_eq!(
+        vcs::vcs_file_at(&host, "main", deleted.clone(), Some(first.clone())).await.unwrap().as_deref(),
+        Some("historical content\n")
+    );
+    assert!(project.repos().at_root(&external).is_none());
+    assert!(vcs::vcs_checkout(&host, "main", Some(external.clone()), first.clone(), false, None).await.is_err());
+    assert!(vcs::vcs_apply_patch(&host, "main", Some(external.clone()), String::new()).await.is_err());
+    assert_eq!(git(&external, &["rev-parse", "HEAD"]), head);
+    assert!(!deleted.exists());
+    host.close_project("main");
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,714 @@
+//! Language smoke tests: the everyday code intelligence of each language — completion, go to
+//! definition, Find Usages, hover, diagnostics with a quick fix, an intention, rename and
+//! formatting — on its `fixtures/` project, through the `ops` the app's commands call and the
+//! language server the app starts by default.
+//!
+//! `#[ignore]`d because they need the servers installed. CI's `Language smoke` job installs
+//! pinned versions and runs one language per job:
+//! `cargo test -p ide-host --test language_smoke -- --ignored --exact <language>`.
+
+use ide_core::{ChangeSet, DocId, IdeEvent, Pos, Range, RequestId, TextChange};
+use ide_host::{Host, HostConfig, ops};
+use ide_lsp::types::{FormatOptions, GotoKind};
+use std::collections::BTreeSet;
+use std::future::Future;
+use std::path::{Path, PathBuf};
+use std::sync::{Arc, Mutex};
+use std::time::{Duration, Instant};
+
+const WINDOW: &str = "main";
+
+/// `word` on the first line of `file` that contains `line`.
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug)]
+struct At {
+    file: &'static str,
+    line: &'static str,
+    word: &'static str,
+}
+
+const fn at(file: &'static str, line: &'static str, word: &'static str) -> At {
+    At { file, line, word }
+}
+
+/// A line typed after the first line of `file` containing `after`.
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug)]
+struct Typed {
+    file: &'static str,
+    after: &'static str,
+    text: &'static str,
+}
+
+const fn typed(file: &'static str, after: &'static str, text: &'static str) -> Typed {
+    Typed { file, after, text }
+}
+
+/// One language's checklist. Every check names what it looks for, so a failure says which
+/// operation broke.
+struct Checks {
+    fixture: &'static str,
+    /// Files written into the project copy before it opens.
+    files: &'static [(&'static str, &'static str)],
+    /// How long the first answer may take (project import and indexing).
+    warm_up: Duration,
+    /// Go to definition from the first spot lands on the second.
+    definition: (At, At),
+    /// Find Usages of the symbol lists usages in these files.
+    references: (At, &'static [&'static str]),
+    /// Hover shows this text.
+    hover: (At, &'static str),
+    /// Completion at the end of the typed line offers this item.
+    completion: (Typed, &'static str),
+    /// The typed line is reported with this diagnostic; the quick fix with this title makes the
+    /// file contain the last text.
+    quick_fix: QuickFix,
+    /// With the word selected, this intention is offered with an edit or command.
+    intention: (At, &'static str),
+    /// Formatting turns the typed line into the expected one.
+    format: (Typed, &'static str),
+    indent: Indent,
+    /// Renaming the symbol to the new name edits these files.
+    rename: (At, &'static str, &'static [&'static str]),
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug)]
+struct QuickFix {
+    typed: Typed,
+    diagnostic: &'static str,
+    title: &'static str,
+    result: &'static str,
+}
+
+/// The editor's indentation, sent with a format request.
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug)]
+enum Indent {
+    Spaces(u32),
+    Tabs,
+}
+
+type Events = Arc<Mutex<Vec<IdeEvent>>>;
+
+struct Smoke {
+    language: &'static str,
+    host: Arc<Host>,
+    root: PathBuf,
+    events: Events,
+    warm_up: Duration,
+    _tmp: tempfile::TempDir,
+}
+
+fn fixture_dir(name: &str) -> PathBuf {
+    Path::new(env!("CARGO_MANIFEST_DIR")).join("../../fixtures").join(name)
+}
+
+fn copy_dir(from: &Path, to: &Path) {
+    std::fs::create_dir_all(to).unwrap();
+    for entry in std::fs::read_dir(from).unwrap() {
+        let entry = entry.unwrap();
+        let name = entry.file_name();
+        if matches!(name.to_str(), Some("node_modules" | "target" | "build" | ".gradle" | ".venv")) {
+            continue;
+        }
+        let target = to.join(&name);
+        if entry.file_type().unwrap().is_dir() {
+            copy_dir(&entry.path(), &target);
+        } else {
+            std::fs::copy(entry.path(), target).unwrap();
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+fn utf16_len(s: &str) -> u32 {
+    s.encode_utf16().count() as u32
+}
+
+/// The 0-based line index and text of the first line containing `needle`.
+fn find_line<'a>(text: &'a str, needle: &str, what: &str) -> (u32, &'a str) {
+    text.lines()
+        .enumerate()
+        .find(|(_, l)| l.contains(needle))
+        .map(|(i, l)| (i as u32, l))
+        .unwrap_or_else(|| panic!("{what}: no line containing {needle:?}"))
+}
+
+/// The byte offset of `word` in `line`, not as part of a longer identifier (`parse` in `parser::parse`).
+fn find_word(line: &str, word: &str) -> Option<usize> {
+    let ident = |c: char| c.is_alphanumeric() || c == '_';
+    line.match_indices(word).map(|(i, _)| i).find(|&i| {
+        let before = line[..i].chars().next_back();
+        let after = line[i + word.len()..].chars().next();
+        !(word.starts_with(ident) && before.is_some_and(ident)) && !(word.ends_with(ident) && after.is_some_and(ident))
+    })
+}
+
+impl Smoke {
+    async fn start(language: &'static str, checks: &Checks) -> Self {
+        let tmp = tempfile::tempdir().unwrap();
+        let root = dunce::canonicalize(tmp.path()).unwrap().join(checks.fixture);
+        copy_dir(&fixture_dir(checks.fixture), &root);
+        for (path, text) in checks.files {
+            let path = root.join(path);
+            std::fs::create_dir_all(path.parent().unwrap()).unwrap();
+            std::fs::write(path, text).unwrap();
+        }
+        let events: Events = Arc::default();
+        let app = tmp.path().join("app");
+        let host = Arc::new(Host::new(HostConfig {
+            config_dir: app.join("config"),
+            data_dir: app.join("data"),
+            local_data_dir: app.join("data"),
+            languages: Arc::new(ide_language::LanguageRegistry::load(None).unwrap()),
+            syntax: Arc::default(),
+            sink_for: Box::new({
+                let events = events.clone();
+                move |_| {
+                    let events = events.clone();
+                    Arc::new(move |e: IdeEvent| events.lock().unwrap().push(e))
+                }
+            }),
+            owner: |w| w,
+            runtime: tokio::runtime::Handle::current(),
+            project_environment: false,
+        }));
+        host.trust.decide(&root, true, false).unwrap();
+        host.open_project(WINDOW, &root).unwrap();
+        Smoke { language, host, root, events, warm_up: checks.warm_up, _tmp: tmp }
+    }
+
+    fn fail(&self, check: &str, message: impl std::fmt::Display) -> ! {
+        let servers = ops::lsp::lsp_servers(&self.host, WINDOW).unwrap_or_default();
+        let servers: Vec<String> = servers.iter().map(|s| format!("{} ({:?})", s.name, s.status)).collect();
+        panic!("{} — {check}: {message}\nservers: {servers:?}", self.language)
+    }
+
+    /// Retries `f` until it succeeds (servers answer emptily while importing and indexing); on
+    /// timeout, fails with its last answer.
+    async fn retry<T, D: std::fmt::Debug, F: Future<Output = Result<T, D>>>(
+        &self,
+        check: &str,
+        timeout: Duration,
+        mut f: impl FnMut() -> F,
+    ) -> T {
+        let deadline = Instant::now() + timeout;
+        loop {
+            let last = match f().await {
+                Ok(v) => return v,
+                Err(last) => last,
+            };
+            if Instant::now() > deadline {
+                self.fail(check, format_args!("timed out after {timeout:?}; last answer: {last:?}"));
+            }
+            tokio::time::sleep(Duration::from_millis(500)).await;
+        }
+    }
+
+    async fn doc(&self, file: &str) -> (DocId, String) {
+        let info = ops::doc::open(&self.host, WINDOW, self.root.join(file)).await.unwrap();
+        let info = ops::doc::snapshot(&self.host, WINDOW, info.id).await.unwrap();
+        (info.id, info.text)
+    }
+
+    async fn locate(&self, at: At) -> (DocId, Pos) {
+        let (doc, text) = self.doc(at.file).await;
+        let (line, content) = find_line(&text, at.line, at.file);
+        let col = find_word(content, at.word).unwrap_or_else(|| panic!("{at:?}: word not on the line"));
+        (doc, Pos::new(line, utf16_len(&content[..col])))
+    }
+
+    async fn word_range(&self, at: At) -> (DocId, Range) {
+        let (doc, start) = self.locate(at).await;
+        (doc, Range::new(start, Pos::new(start.line, start.col + utf16_len(at.word))))
+    }
+
+    /// Types a new line; returns the position at its end and the text before it.
+    async fn type_line(&self, t: Typed) -> (DocId, Pos, String) {
+        let (doc, text) = self.doc(t.file).await;
+        let (line, content) = find_line(&text, t.after, t.file);
+        let line_start: usize = text.lines().take(line as usize).map(|l| l.len() + 1).sum();
+        let end = utf16_len(&text[..line_start + content.len()]);
+        self.replace(doc, end, end, &format!("\n{}", t.text)).await;
+        let col = utf16_len(t.text);
+        (doc, Pos::new(line + 1, col), text)
+    }
+
+    async fn replace(&self, doc: DocId, from: u32, to: u32, insert: &str) {
+        let version = ops::doc::snapshot(&self.host, WINDOW, doc).await.unwrap().version;
+        let changes = ChangeSet { changes: vec![TextChange { from, to, insert: insert.into() }] };
+        ops::doc::edit(&self.host, WINDOW, doc, version, changes).unwrap();
+    }
+
+    async fn restore(&self, doc: DocId, text: &str) {
+        let current = ops::doc::snapshot(&self.host, WINDOW, doc).await.unwrap().text;
+        self.replace(doc, 0, utf16_len(&current), text).await;
+    }
+
+    fn path(&self, file: &str) -> PathBuf {
+        self.root.join(file)
+    }
+
+    fn files<P: AsRef<Path>>(&self, paths: impl IntoIterator<Item = P>) -> BTreeSet<String> {
+        paths
+            .into_iter()
+            .filter_map(|p| {
+                let p = p.as_ref().strip_prefix(&self.root).ok()?;
+                Some(p.to_string_lossy().replace('\\', "/"))
+            })
+            .collect()
+    }
+
+    async fn definition(&self, from: At, to: At) {
+        let (doc, pos) = self.locate(from).await;
+        let (_, target) = self.locate(to).await;
+        let want = self.path(to.file);
+        self.retry("go to definition", self.warm_up, || async {
+            let found = ops::lsp::lsp_goto(&self.host, WINDOW, doc, pos, GotoKind::Definition).await;
+            match &found {
+                Ok(locs) if locs.iter().any(|l| *l.path == *want && l.range.start.line == target.line) => Ok(()),
+                _ => Err(found),
+            }
+        })
+        .await;
+    }
+
+    async fn references(&self, of: At, files: &[&str]) {
+        let (doc, pos) = self.locate(of).await;
+        let want: BTreeSet<String> = files.iter().map(|f| f.to_string()).collect();
+        self.retry("find usages", self.warm_up, || async {
+            let found = ops::lsp::lsp_references(&self.host, WINDOW, RequestId(1), doc, pos, true, true).await;
+            match &found {
+                Ok(r) if want.is_subset(&self.files(r.locations.iter().map(|l| l.path.clone()))) => Ok(()),
+                _ => Err(found.map(|r| self.files(r.locations.into_iter().map(|l| l.path)))),
+            }
+        })
+        .await;
+    }
+
+    async fn hover(&self, over: At, shows: &str) {
+        let (doc, pos) = self.locate(over).await;
+        self.retry("hover", self.warm_up, || async {
+            let found = ops::lsp::lsp_hover(&self.host, WINDOW, RequestId(2), doc, pos).await;
+            match &found {
+                Ok(Some(h)) if h.contents.value.contains(shows) => Ok(()),
+                _ => Err(found.map(|h| h.map(|h| h.contents.value))),
+            }
+        })
+        .await;
+    }
+
+    async fn completion(&self, line: Typed, offers: &str) {
+        let (doc, pos, before) = self.type_line(line).await;
+        let trigger = line.text.ends_with('.').then(|| ".".to_string());
+        self.retry("completion", self.warm_up, || async {
+            let found = ops::lsp::lsp_completion(&self.host, WINDOW, RequestId(3), doc, pos, trigger.clone()).await;
+            match &found {
+                Ok(list)
+                    if list.items.iter().any(|i| i.label == offers || i.filter_text.as_deref() == Some(offers)) =>
+                {
+                    Ok(())
+                }
+                _ => Err(found.map(|l| l.items.into_iter().take(30).map(|i| i.label).collect::<Vec<_>>())),
+            }
+        })
+        .await;
+        self.restore(doc, &before).await;
+    }
+
+    async fn diagnostic(&self, file: &str, message: &str) -> Range {
+        let path = self.path(file);
+        self.retry("diagnostics", self.warm_up, || async {
+            let events = self.events.lock().unwrap();
+            let latest = events.iter().rev().filter_map(|e| match e {
+                IdeEvent::Diagnostics { path: p, items, source } if **p == *path => Some((source, items)),
+                _ => None,
+            });
+            let mut seen = Vec::new();
+            for (source, items) in latest {
+                if let Some(d) = items.iter().find(|d| d.message.contains(message)) {
+                    return Ok(d.range);
+                }
+                seen.push(format!("{source}: {:?}", items.iter().map(|d| &d.message).collect::<Vec<_>>()));
+            }
+            Err(seen.into_iter().take(4).collect::<Vec<_>>())
+        })
+        .await
+    }
+
+    /// The code actions over `range` (all kinds, as the ⌥⏎ popup asks), the one titled `title`.
+    async fn action(&self, check: &str, doc: DocId, range: Range, title: &str) -> ide_lsp::types::CodeAction {
+        let action = self
+            .retry(check, self.warm_up, || async {
+                let found = ops::lsp::lsp_code_actions(&self.host, WINDOW, doc, range, vec![]).await;
+                match found.as_ref().ok().and_then(|a| a.iter().find(|a| a.title.contains(title))) {
+                    Some(action) => Ok(action.clone()),
+                    None => Err(found.map(|a| a.into_iter().map(|a| a.title).collect::<Vec<_>>())),
+                }
+            })
+            .await;
+        if action.edit.is_some() || action.command.is_some() {
+            return action;
+        }
+        ops::lsp::lsp_resolve_code_action(&self.host, WINDOW, doc, action)
+            .await
+            .unwrap_or_else(|e| self.fail(check, format_args!("resolving {title:?}: {e}")))
+    }
+
+    async fn quick_fix(&self, fix: QuickFix) {
+        let (doc, _, before) = self.type_line(fix.typed).await;
+        assert!(!before.contains(fix.result), "{fix:?}: the file already contains the result");
+        let range = self.diagnostic(fix.typed.file, fix.diagnostic).await;
+        let action = self.action("quick fix", doc, range, fix.title).await;
+        ops::lsp::lsp_execute_code_action(&self.host, WINDOW, RequestId(4), doc, action, vec![])
+            .await
+            .unwrap_or_else(|e| self.fail("quick fix", format_args!("applying {:?}: {e}", fix.title)));
+        self.retry("quick fix", Duration::from_secs(10), || async {
+            let text = self.doc(fix.typed.file).await.1;
+            if text.contains(fix.result) { Ok(()) } else { Err(text) }
+        })
+        .await;
+        self.restore(doc, &before).await;
+    }
+
+    async fn intention(&self, on: At, title: &str) {
+        let (doc, range) = self.word_range(on).await;
+        let action = self.action("intention", doc, range, title).await;
+        let edits = action.edit.as_ref().is_some_and(|e| !e.files.is_empty());
+        if !edits && action.command.is_none() {
+            self.fail("intention", format_args!("{title:?} has neither an edit nor a command: {action:?}"));
+        }
+    }
+
+    async fn format(&self, line: Typed, indent: Indent, formatted: &str) {
+        let (doc, _, before) = self.type_line(line).await;
+        assert!(!before.lines().any(|l| l == formatted), "{line:?}: the file already has {formatted:?}");
+        let (tab_size, insert_spaces) = match indent {
+            Indent::Spaces(n) => (n, true),
+            Indent::Tabs => (4, false),
+        };
+        let options = FormatOptions { tab_size, insert_spaces, on_save: false, tool: None };
+        let text = self
+            .retry("format", self.warm_up, || async {
+                let edits = ops::lsp::lsp_format(&self.host, WINDOW, doc, None, options.clone()).await;
+                let text = self.doc(line.file).await.1;
+                let mut document = ide_text::Document::new(&text);
+                match &edits {
+                    Ok(edits) if !edits.is_empty() && document.apply_edits(edits).is_ok() => Ok(document.text()),
+                    _ => Err(edits),
+                }
+            })
+            .await;
+        if !text.lines().any(|l| l == formatted) {
+            self.fail("format", format_args!("no line {formatted:?} in:\n{text}"));
+        }
+        self.restore(doc, &before).await;
+    }
+
+    async fn rename(&self, symbol: At, to: &str, files: &[&str]) {
+        let (doc, pos) = self.locate(symbol).await;
+        let prepared = ops::lsp::lsp_prepare_rename(&self.host, WINDOW, doc, pos).await;
+        if !matches!(prepared, Ok(Some(_))) {
+            self.fail("rename", format_args!("prepare rename: {prepared:?}"));
+        }
+        let renamed = ops::lsp::lsp_rename(&self.host, WINDOW, RequestId(5), doc, pos, to.into())
+            .await
+            .unwrap_or_else(|e| self.fail("rename", e));
+        let edited = self.files(renamed.edit.files.iter().filter_map(|f| match f {
+            ide_core::FileEdit::Edit { path, .. } => Some(path.clone()),
+            _ => None,
+        }));
+        let want: BTreeSet<String> = files.iter().map(|f| f.to_string()).collect();
+        if !want.is_subset(&edited) {
+            self.fail("rename", format_args!("edits {edited:?}, expected at least {want:?}: {:?}", renamed.edit));
+        }
+        let mut before = Vec::new();
+        for file in files {
+            before.push(self.doc(file).await.1.matches(to).count());
+        }
+        ops::lsp::apply_workspace_edit(&self.host, WINDOW, renamed.edit)
+            .await
+            .unwrap_or_else(|e| self.fail("rename", format_args!("applying the edit: {e}")));
+        for (file, before) in files.iter().zip(before) {
+            if self.doc(file).await.1.matches(to).count() <= before {
+                self.fail("rename", format_args!("{file} has no new {to:?} after the rename"));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    async fn run(&self, c: &Checks) {
+        self.definition(c.definition.0, c.definition.1).await;
+        self.references(c.references.0, c.references.1).await;
+        self.hover(c.hover.0, c.hover.1).await;
+        self.completion(c.completion.0, c.completion.1).await;
+        self.quick_fix(c.quick_fix).await;
+        self.intention(c.intention.0, c.intention.1).await;
+        self.format(c.format.0, c.indent, c.format.1).await;
+        self.rename(c.rename.0, c.rename.1, c.rename.2).await;
+        let shutdown = self.host.project(WINDOW).unwrap().lsp.clone();
+        let _ = tokio::time::timeout(Duration::from_secs(20), shutdown.shutdown_all()).await;
+    }
+}
+
+async fn smoke(language: &'static str, checks: Checks) {
+    let smoke = Smoke::start(language, &checks).await;
+    smoke.run(&checks).await;
+}
+
+const TYPESCRIPT: Checks = Checks {
+    fixture: "ts-app",
+    files: &[],
+    warm_up: Duration::from_secs(120),
+    definition: (
+        at("src/index.ts", "Total: ${formatMoney(total)}", "formatMoney"),
+        at("src/money.ts", "export function formatMoney", "formatMoney"),
+    ),
+    references: (at("src/money.ts", "export function formatMoney", "formatMoney"), &["src/index.ts", "src/money.ts"]),
+    hover: (at("src/index.ts", "price: cents(8999)", "cents"), "cents(value: number): Cents"),
+    completion: (typed("src/index.ts", "const total = cart.total();", "  cart."), "applyDiscount"),
+    quick_fix: QuickFix {
+        typed: typed("src/index.ts", "const total = cart.total();", "  console.log(addMoney(total, total));"),
+        diagnostic: "Cannot find name 'addMoney'",
+        title: "import from \"./money.ts\"",
+        result: "import { addMoney, cents, formatMoney } from \"./money.ts\";",
+    },
+    intention: (at("src/index.ts", "const total = cart.total();", "cart.total()"), "Extract to constant"),
+    format: (
+        typed("src/index.ts", "const total = cart.total();", "  const  shown={total,count:cart.count}"),
+        "  const shown = { total, count: cart.count }",
+    ),
+    indent: Indent::Spaces(2),
+    rename: (
+        // From a usage in another file: the declaration is renamed too, not aliased in the import.
+        at("src/index.ts", "Total: ${formatMoney(total)}", "formatMoney"),
+        "formatPrice",
+        &["src/index.ts", "src/money.ts"],
+    ),
+};
+
+#[tokio::test(flavor = "multi_thread", worker_threads = 4)]
+#[ignore = "language smoke: needs vtsls"]
+async fn typescript() {
+    smoke("typescript", TYPESCRIPT).await;
+}
+
+const PYTHON: Checks = Checks {
+    fixture: "python-app",
+    // Ruff (lint, quick fixes, formatting) starts in projects configured for it.
+    files: &[("ruff.toml", "")],
+    warm_up: Duration::from_secs(120),
+    definition: (
+        at("src/tasks/cli.py", "tasks = TaskList()", "TaskList"),
+        at("src/tasks/models.py", "class TaskList:", "TaskList"),
+    ),
+    references: (
+        at("src/tasks/models.py", "class TaskList:", "TaskList"),
+        &["src/tasks/cli.py", "src/tasks/models.py"],
+    ),
+    hover: (at("src/tasks/cli.py", "tasks.add(\"Write release notes\"", "add"), "def add("),
+    completion: (typed("src/tasks/cli.py", "tasks = build_demo()", "    tasks."), "pending"),
+    quick_fix: QuickFix {
+        typed: typed("src/tasks/cli.py", "tasks = build_demo()", "    print(Task)"),
+        diagnostic: "\"Task\" is not defined",
+        title: "from .models import Task",
+        result: "from .models import Priority, Task, TaskList",
+    },
+    // basedpyright has no refactorings; Ruff's fixes are the Python intentions.
+    intention: (at("src/tasks/models.py", "import os", "os"), "Remove unused import"),
+    format: (
+        typed("src/tasks/cli.py", "tasks = build_demo()", "    shown2 = {'a':1,'b':  2}"),
+        "    shown2 = {\"a\": 1, \"b\": 2}",
+    ),
+    indent: Indent::Spaces(4),
+    rename: (
+        at("src/tasks/models.py", "class TaskList:", "TaskList"),
+        "TaskBoard",
+        &["src/tasks/cli.py", "src/tasks/models.py"],
+    ),
+};
+
+#[tokio::test(flavor = "multi_thread", worker_threads = 4)]
+#[ignore = "language smoke: needs basedpyright and ruff"]
+async fn python() {
+    smoke("python", PYTHON).await;
+}
+
+const RUST: Checks = Checks {
+    fixture: "rust-app",
+    files: &[],
+    warm_up: Duration::from_secs(180),
+    definition: (
+        at("src/main.rs", "match parser::parse(SAMPLE)", "parse"),
+        at("src/parser.rs", "pub fn parse(text: &str)", "parse"),
+    ),
+    references: (at("src/parser.rs", "pub fn parse(text: &str)", "parse"), &["src/main.rs", "src/parser.rs"]),
+    hover: (at("src/main.rs", "inventory.take(&Sku", "take"), "pub fn take("),
+    completion: (typed("src/main.rs", "let mut inventory = Inventory::new();", "    inventory."), "low_stock"),
+    quick_fix: QuickFix {
+        // rust-analyzer's own analysis, pulled as the file changes (no save, no `cargo check`).
+        typed: typed(
+            "src/main.rs",
+            "let mut inventory = Inventory::new();",
+            "    let _blank = parser::ParseError { line: 1 };",
+        ),
+        diagnostic: "missing structure fields",
+        title: "Fill struct fields",
+        result: "ParseError { line: 1, message",
+    },
+    intention: (at("src/main.rs", "match parser::parse(SAMPLE)", "parser::parse(SAMPLE)"), "Extract into variable"),
+    format: (
+        typed("src/main.rs", "let mut inventory = Inventory::new();", "    let  _spaced=( 1,2 );"),
+        "    let _spaced = (1, 2);",
+    ),
+    indent: Indent::Spaces(4),
+    rename: (at("src/parser.rs", "pub fn parse(text: &str)", "parse"), "parse_all", &["src/main.rs", "src/parser.rs"]),
+};
+
+#[tokio::test(flavor = "multi_thread", worker_threads = 4)]
+#[ignore = "language smoke: needs rust-analyzer"]
+async fn rust() {
+    smoke("rust", RUST).await;
+}
+
+const GO: Checks = Checks {
+    fixture: "go-app",
+    files: &[],
+    warm_up: Duration::from_secs(180),
+    definition: (
+        at("cmd/server/main.go", "s := store.New()", "New"),
+        at("internal/store/store.go", "func New() *Store", "New"),
+    ),
+    references: (
+        at("internal/store/store.go", "func New() *Store", "New"),
+        &["cmd/server/main.go", "internal/store/store.go"],
+    ),
+    hover: (
+        at("cmd/server/main.go", "writeJSON(w, s.Search(", "Search"),
+        "func (s *store.Store) Search(q string) []store.Note",
+    ),
+    completion: (typed("cmd/server/main.go", "s := store.New()", "\ts."), "Create"),
+    quick_fix: QuickFix {
+        typed: typed("cmd/server/main.go", "s := store.New()", "\tfmt.Println(s)"),
+        diagnostic: "undefined: fmt",
+        title: "\"fmt\"",
+        result: "\t\"fmt\"",
+    },
+    intention: (at("cmd/server/main.go", "s := store.New()", "store.New()"), "Extract"),
+    format: (typed("cmd/server/main.go", "s := store.New()", "\t_ =  []int{1,2}"), "\t_ = []int{1, 2}"),
+    indent: Indent::Tabs,
+    rename: (
+        at("internal/store/store.go", "func New() *Store", "New"),
+        "Open",
+        &["cmd/server/main.go", "internal/store/store.go"],
+    ),
+};
+
+#[tokio::test(flavor = "multi_thread", worker_threads = 4)]
+#[ignore = "language smoke: needs gopls"]
+async fn go() {
+    smoke("go", GO).await;
+}
+
+const JAVA: Checks = Checks {
+    fixture: "java-app",
+    files: &[],
+    warm_up: Duration::from_secs(300),
+    definition: (
+        at("src/main/java/com/example/orders/App.java", "book.place(\"alice\", \"Mechanical", "place"),
+        at("src/main/java/com/example/orders/OrderBook.java", "public Order place(", "place"),
+    ),
+    references: (
+        at("src/main/java/com/example/orders/OrderBook.java", "public Order place(", "place"),
+        &["src/main/java/com/example/orders/App.java", "src/test/java/com/example/orders/OrderBookTest.java"],
+    ),
+    hover: (
+        at("src/main/java/com/example/orders/App.java", "long revenue = book.revenueCents()", "revenueCents"),
+        "long com.example.orders.OrderBook.revenueCents()",
+    ),
+    completion: (
+        typed("src/main/java/com/example/orders/App.java", "long revenue = book.revenueCents();", "        book."),
+        "largest",
+    ),
+    quick_fix: QuickFix {
+        typed: typed(
+            "src/main/java/com/example/orders/App.java",
+            "long revenue = book.revenueCents();",
+            "        List<Order> all = book.byCustomer(\"alice\");",
+        ),
+        diagnostic: "List cannot be resolved to a type",
+        title: "Import 'List' (java.util)",
+        result: "import java.util.List;",
+    },
+    intention: (
+        at("src/main/java/com/example/orders/App.java", "long revenue = book.revenueCents();", "book.revenueCents()"),
+        "Extract to local variable",
+    ),
+    format: (
+        typed(
+            "src/main/java/com/example/orders/App.java",
+            "long revenue = book.revenueCents();",
+            "        long  doubled=revenue*2;",
+        ),
+        "        long doubled = revenue * 2;",
+    ),
+    indent: Indent::Spaces(4),
+    rename: (
+        at("src/main/java/com/example/orders/OrderBook.java", "public Order place(", "place"),
+        "submit",
+        &["src/main/java/com/example/orders/App.java", "src/main/java/com/example/orders/OrderBook.java"],
+    ),
+};
+
+#[tokio::test(flavor = "multi_thread", worker_threads = 4)]
+#[ignore = "language smoke: needs jdtls and JDK 21"]
+async fn java() {
+    smoke("java", JAVA).await;
+}
+
+const KOTLIN: Checks = Checks {
+    fixture: "kotlin-gradle",
+    files: &[],
+    warm_up: Duration::from_secs(420),
+    definition: (
+        at("src/main/kotlin/com/example/library/App.kt", "val library = Library()", "Library"),
+        at("src/main/kotlin/com/example/library/Library.kt", "class Library(", "Library"),
+    ),
+    references: (
+        at("src/main/kotlin/com/example/library/Library.kt", "fun search(query: String)", "search"),
+        &["src/main/kotlin/com/example/library/App.kt", "src/main/kotlin/com/example/library/Library.kt"],
+    ),
+    hover: (
+        at("src/main/kotlin/com/example/library/App.kt", "library.search(\"java\")", "search"),
+        "fun search(query: String): List<Book>",
+    ),
+    completion: (
+        typed("src/main/kotlin/com/example/library/App.kt", "val library = Library()", "    library."),
+        "lend",
+    ),
+    quick_fix: QuickFix {
+        typed: typed(
+            "src/main/kotlin/com/example/library/App.kt",
+            "val library = Library()",
+            "    val stamp = LocalDateTime.now()",
+        ),
+        diagnostic: "Unresolved reference",
+        title: "Import",
+        result: "import java.time.LocalDateTime",
+    },
+    intention: (
+        at("src/main/kotlin/com/example/library/Library.kt", "fun giveBack(isbn: String): Boolean", "giveBack"),
+        "block body",
+    ),
+    format: (
+        typed("src/main/kotlin/com/example/library/App.kt", "val library = Library()", "    val  pair=listOf(1,2)"),
+        "    val pair = listOf(1, 2)",
+    ),
+    indent: Indent::Spaces(4),
+    rename: (
+        at("src/main/kotlin/com/example/library/Library.kt", "fun search(query: String)", "search"),
+        "find",
+        &["src/main/kotlin/com/example/library/App.kt", "src/main/kotlin/com/example/library/Library.kt"],
+    ),
+};
+
+#[tokio::test(flavor = "multi_thread", worker_threads = 4)]
+#[ignore = "language smoke: needs kotlin-lsp, a JDK and Gradle"]
+async fn kotlin() {
+    smoke("kotlin", KOTLIN).await;
+}
@@ -123,6 +123,19 @@ fn misbehave_pkg() -> PathBuf {
    repo().join("crates/ide-plugin/tests/fixtures/misbehave")
 }

+/// Whether `f` holds within 5 s. A call a slow runner keeps waiting behind
+/// another (or behind a new instance starting) holds once it caught up.
+fn eventually(mut f: impl FnMut() -> bool) -> bool {
+    let until = Instant::now() + Duration::from_secs(5);
+    while !f() {
+        if Instant::now() > until {
+            return false;
+        }
+        std::thread::sleep(Duration::from_millis(20));
+    }
+    true
+}
+
 /// A theme package with a light and a dark theme, plus licence files, in `dir`.
 fn write_theme_pair(dir: &Path) {
    std::fs::create_dir_all(dir.join("t")).unwrap();
@@ -397,11 +410,11 @@ fn crashes_restart_with_backoff_until_the_circuit_opens() {
    let info = f.host.info_of("misbehave").unwrap();
    assert_eq!((info.status, info.stats.activations, info.error), (PluginStatus::Active, 2, None));

-    // Three in a row: stopped for the session, with growing waits between.
+    // Three in a row: stopped for the session, backing off between them (the wait
+    // doubles: `Limits::backoff`, tested where it is defined; wall-clock waits on CI
+    // are too noisy to compare).
    f.take_events();
-    let mut waits = Vec::new();
-    for _ in 0..3 {
-        let started = Instant::now();
+    for crash in 0..3 {
        let err = loop {
            match f.run("misbehave", "panic", None) {
                Err(e) if e.contains("restarts in") => std::thread::sleep(Duration::from_millis(20)),
@@ -409,9 +422,10 @@ fn crashes_restart_with_backoff_until_the_circuit_opens() {
            }
        };
        assert!(err.contains("crashed"), "{err}");
-        waits.push(started.elapsed());
+        if crash < 2 {
+            assert!(f.run("misbehave", "echo", None).unwrap_err().contains("restarts in"), "backing off");
+        }
    }
-    assert!(waits[2] >= backoff * 2 && waits[2] > waits[1], "{waits:?}");
    let info = f.host.info_of("misbehave").unwrap();
    assert_eq!(info.status, PluginStatus::Failed);
    assert!(info.error.as_deref().is_some_and(|e| e.contains("3 times in a row")), "{:?}", info.error);
@@ -479,12 +493,15 @@ fn running_calls_can_be_cancelled() {
        let f = f.clone();
        std::thread::spawn(move || f.run("misbehave", "spin", None))
    };
-    std::thread::sleep(Duration::from_millis(100));
-    let started = Instant::now();
-    f.host.cancel("misbehave");
+    // A cancel before the call runs (the instance may still be starting) does nothing: repeat it.
+    let until = Instant::now() + Duration::from_secs(5);
+    while !spinning.is_finished() {
+        assert!(Instant::now() < until, "the running call wasn't interrupted");
+        f.host.cancel("misbehave");
+        std::thread::sleep(Duration::from_millis(20));
+    }
    let err = spinning.join().unwrap().unwrap_err();
    assert!(err.contains("was cancelled"), "{err}");
-    assert!(started.elapsed() < Duration::from_secs(1));
    assert_eq!(f.run("misbehave", "echo", Some("x")).unwrap().as_deref(), Some("x"), "no backoff");
    let stats = f.host.info_of("misbehave").unwrap().stats;
    assert_eq!((stats.crashes, stats.activations), (0, 2));
@@ -526,16 +543,22 @@ fn edit_path_calls_have_soft_and_hard_deadlines() {
    let provider = host.syntax_provider();
    let mis = LanguageId::new("mis");

-    let tokens = provider.highlights(&mis, "fast").unwrap();
+    // The first call starts the instance, which may take longer than the soft deadline.
+    let mut tokens = None;
+    assert!(eventually(|| {
+        tokens = provider.highlights(&mis, "fast");
+        tokens.is_some()
+    }));
+    let tokens = tokens.unwrap();
    assert_eq!((tokens[0].start, tokens[0].end, tokens[0].kind.as_str()), (0, 4, "keyword"));

    // Slower than the soft deadline: dropped (however late this thread gets
    // to look), but the instance lives on.
    assert!(provider.highlights(&mis, "sleep:150").is_none());
-    std::thread::sleep(Duration::from_millis(150));
-    assert!(provider.highlights(&mis, "fast").is_some());
+    assert!(eventually(|| provider.highlights(&mis, "fast").is_some()));
    let info = host.info_of("misbehave").unwrap();
-    assert_eq!((info.stats.slow_calls, info.stats.crashes, info.stats.activations), (1, 0, 1));
+    assert!(info.stats.slow_calls >= 1, "{:?}", info.stats);
+    assert_eq!((info.stats.crashes, info.stats.activations), (0, 1));

    // Past the hard deadline: interrupted; the next call gets a new instance.
    assert!(provider.highlights(&mis, "spin").is_none());
@@ -544,7 +567,8 @@ fn edit_path_calls_have_soft_and_hard_deadlines() {
    let info = host.info_of("misbehave").unwrap();
    assert_eq!(info.stats.crashes, 1, "{:?}", info.error);
    assert!(info.error.as_deref().is_some_and(|e| e.contains("timed out after 400ms")), "{:?}", info.error);
-    assert!(provider.highlights(&mis, "fast").is_some());
+    // The new instance may take longer to start than the soft deadline on a slow runner.
+    assert!(eventually(|| provider.highlights(&mis, "fast").is_some()));
    assert_eq!(host.info_of("misbehave").unwrap().stats.activations, 2);
 }

@@ -553,9 +577,10 @@ fn edit_path_calls_have_soft_and_hard_deadlines() {
 #[test]
 fn providers_of_several_plugins_run_concurrently() {
    let tmp = tempfile::tempdir().unwrap();
+    // A budget no runner misses, so only the overlap is measured.
    let limits = Limits {
-        edit_soft: Duration::from_millis(300),
-        edit_hard: Duration::from_secs(2),
+        edit_soft: Duration::from_secs(5),
+        edit_hard: Duration::from_secs(10),
        fuel: u64::MAX,
        ..Limits::default()
    };
@@ -584,16 +609,17 @@ fn providers_of_several_plugins_run_concurrently() {
        text: text.into(),
    };
    let at = ide_core::Pos::new(0, 0);
-    // Activation is not what is measured.
-    assert_eq!(host.provide_completion(&doc("fast"), at, None).len(), 2);
+    // Activation is not what is measured: a first call that starts an instance
+    // can run past the edit-path budget, and its answer is dropped.
+    assert!(eventually(|| host.provide_completion(&doc("fast"), at, None).len() == 2));

    let started = Instant::now();
-    let items = host.provide_completion(&doc("sleep:200"), at, None);
+    let items = host.provide_completion(&doc("sleep:500"), at, None);
    let elapsed = started.elapsed();
    let mut from: Vec<&str> = items.iter().map(|(p, _)| p.as_str()).collect();
    from.sort();
    assert_eq!(from, ["slow-a", "slow-b"], "both within the budget");
-    assert!(elapsed < Duration::from_millis(350), "one after the other would take 400ms: {elapsed:?}");
+    assert!(elapsed < Duration::from_millis(950), "one after the other would take 1000ms: {elapsed:?}");
    assert_eq!(host.info_of("slow-b").unwrap().stats.slow_calls, 0);
 }

@@ -613,7 +639,7 @@ fn idle_instances_are_reclaimed_and_schedules_reactivate() {
    assert_eq!(f.host.instances(), 0);
    let info = f.host.info_of("misbehave").unwrap();
    assert_eq!((info.status, info.stats.reclaims), (PluginStatus::Inactive, 1));
-    assert_eq!(f.command_titles("misbehave").len(), 8, "contributions stay");
+    assert_eq!(f.command_titles("misbehave").len(), 10, "contributions stay");
    assert_eq!(f.run("misbehave", "echo", Some("y")).unwrap().as_deref(), Some("y"));
    assert_eq!(f.host.info_of("misbehave").unwrap().stats.activations, 2);

@@ -1064,7 +1090,16 @@ fn plugin_syntax_for_languages_without_a_grammar() {
    let sol = LanguageId::new("solidity");
    let text = "// c\ncontract A {\n    uint256 public x;\n    function f() public {}\n}\n";
    assert!(provider.highlights(&LanguageId::new("rust"), text).is_none(), "only its own languages");
-    let tokens = provider.highlights(&sol, text).unwrap();
+    // The first call of a new instance can run past the edit-path budget on a
+    // slow machine; its answer is dropped and a later call asks again.
+    let deadline = Instant::now() + Duration::from_secs(10);
+    let tokens = loop {
+        match provider.highlights(&sol, text) {
+            Some(tokens) => break tokens,
+            None if Instant::now() < deadline => std::thread::sleep(Duration::from_millis(50)),
+            None => panic!("no highlights"),
+        }
+    };
    let kind_at =
        |s: &str| tokens.iter().find(|t| &text[t.start as usize..t.end as usize] == s).map(|t| t.kind.as_str());
    assert_eq!(kind_at("contract"), Some("keyword"));
@@ -1642,22 +1677,21 @@ fn official_ai_completion_cancels_superseded_requests() {
    };
    let at = ide_core::Pos::new(1, 4);
    let host = Arc::new(f);
-    // A slow request, superseded 200 ms later by the next keystroke's.
+    // A slow request, superseded by the next keystroke's once the server has it
+    // (starting the instance comes first, and takes longer on a slow runner).
    let first = ide_core::CancellationToken::new();
    let slow = {
        let (host, doc, first) = (host.clone(), doc.clone(), first.clone());
-        std::thread::spawn(move || {
-            let started = Instant::now();
-            let r = host.host.provide_inline_completion(&doc, at, &first);
-            (r, started.elapsed())
-        })
+        std::thread::spawn(move || (host.host.provide_inline_completion(&doc, at, &first), Instant::now()))
    };
-    std::thread::sleep(Duration::from_millis(200));
+    assert!(eventually(|| seen.lock().len() == 1), "the first request reaches the server");
+    let cancelled = Instant::now();
    first.cancel();
    let started = Instant::now();
    let second = host.host.provide_inline_completion(&doc, at, &ide_core::CancellationToken::new());
    let took = started.elapsed();
-    let (old, old_took) = slow.join().unwrap();
+    let (old, old_done) = slow.join().unwrap();
+    let old_took = old_done.saturating_duration_since(cancelled);
    assert!(old.is_none(), "the superseded request yields nothing");
    assert!(old_took < Duration::from_secs(1), "cancelled, not waited out: {old_took:?}");
    assert_eq!(second.map(|(_, s)| s.insert_text).as_deref(), Some("a + b"));
@@ -1835,7 +1869,12 @@ fn official_mybatis_navigates_between_interface_and_xml() {
    assert_eq!((target.path, target.range.start), (xml_path.clone(), ide_core::Pos::new(1, 14)));

    let xdoc = doc(&xml_path, "xml", xml);
-    let to_java = f.host.provide_definition(&xdoc, ide_core::Pos::new(1, 16));
+    // Reads the interface from disk: on a slow machine that too can run past the budget.
+    let mut to_java = Vec::new();
+    assert!(eventually(|| {
+        to_java = f.host.provide_definition(&xdoc, ide_core::Pos::new(1, 16));
+        !to_java.is_empty()
+    }));
    assert_eq!(
        to_java.iter().map(|l| (l.path.clone(), l.range.start)).collect::<Vec<_>>(),
        [(java_path.clone(), ide_core::Pos::new(3, 9))]
@@ -2300,6 +2339,57 @@ fn a_zipped_plugin_folder_installs_like_the_folder() {
    assert!(err.contains("is not an OpenIDEA plugin"), "{err}");
 }

+/// What the UI writes for an imported IntelliJ theme goes through the install page.
+#[test]
+fn a_generated_package_is_staged_for_the_install_page() {
+    let f = fixture(Limits::default());
+    let file = |path: &str, text: &str| PackageFile { path: path.into(), text: text.into() };
+    let manifest = r#"id = "intellij.deep-sea"
+name = "Deep Sea"
+version = "2.3.0"
+engines.openidea = "^1.0"
+
+[[contributes.themes]]
+path = "themes/deep-sea.theme.json"
+editor-scheme = "themes/deep-sea.scheme.json"
+"#;
+    let files = [
+        file("plugin.toml", manifest),
+        file(
+            "themes/deep-sea.theme.json",
+            r##"{"id":"deep-sea","name":"Deep Sea","kind":"dark","tokens":{"--bg-app":"#101820"}}"##,
+        ),
+        file("themes/deep-sea.scheme.json", r##"{"name":"Deep Sea","tokens":{"--syn-keyword":"#cc7832"}}"##),
+    ];
+    let dir = f.host.stage_package("intellij.deep-sea", &files).unwrap();
+    let preview = f.host.preview_install(&dir).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!((preview.id.as_str(), preview.has_code, preview.unsigned), ("intellij.deep-sea", false, true));
+    assert!(preview.capabilities.is_empty());
+    f.install(&dir);
+    let active = f.host.set_theme(Some(("intellij.deep-sea", "deep-sea"))).unwrap().unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(active.theme.tokens["--bg-app"], "#101820");
+    assert_eq!(active.theme.tokens["--syn-keyword"], "#cc7832");
+
+    // Staging the same package again starts from an empty folder; importing it again replaces it.
+    assert_eq!(f.host.stage_package("intellij.deep-sea", &files[..1]).unwrap(), dir);
+    assert!(!dir.join("themes").exists());
+    let mut changed = files.clone();
+    changed[2] = file("themes/deep-sea.scheme.json", r##"{"tokens":{"--syn-keyword":"#ff8800"}}"##);
+    f.install(&f.host.stage_package("intellij.deep-sea", &changed).unwrap());
+    let active = f.host.set_theme(Some(("intellij.deep-sea", "deep-sea"))).unwrap().unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(active.theme.tokens["--syn-keyword"], "#ff8800");
+
+    for bad in ["../x", "/abs", "a//b", r"a\b", "C:x", ".hidden", "a/./b", ""] {
+        let err = f.host.stage_package("p", &[file("plugin.toml", manifest), file(bad, "x")]).unwrap_err().message;
+        assert!(err.contains("invalid package path"), "{bad:?}: {err}");
+    }
+    let err = f.host.stage_package("p", &[file("x.json", "{}")]).unwrap_err().message;
+    assert!(err.contains("needs a plugin.toml"), "{err}");
+    let err = f.host.stage_package("p", &[file("plugin.toml", ""), file("PLUGIN.toml", "")]).unwrap_err().message;
+    assert!(err.contains("twice"), "{err}");
+    assert!(f.host.stage_package("../p", &files).is_err());
+}
+
 /// Secrets live outside the plugin's directory (the OS keychain on the
 /// desktop): uninstalling the plugin deletes the ones it declares.
 #[test]
@@ -2328,3 +2418,61 @@ fn uninstalling_deletes_the_plugins_secrets() {
    f.host.uninstall("openidea.ai-completion").unwrap();
    assert!(keychain.0.lock().is_empty(), "{:?}", keychain.0.lock().keys().collect::<Vec<_>>());
 }
+
+/// Plugin API 1.0 leaves room to grow: event kinds are names, and the editor
+/// providers carry snippets, imports, lazily computed quick fixes and tagged
+/// problems.
+#[test]
+fn completion_quick_fixes_problems_and_event_kinds_of_api_1() {
+    let f = fixture(Limits::default());
+    let pkg = f._tmp.path().join("misbehave-providers");
+    copy_dir(&misbehave_pkg(), &pkg);
+    let manifest = std::fs::read_to_string(pkg.join("plugin.toml")).unwrap();
+    std::fs::write(
+        pkg.join("plugin.toml"),
+        format!("{manifest}\n[[contributes.providers]]\nkinds = [\"completion\", \"code-actions\"]\nlanguages = [\"text\"]\n"),
+    )
+    .unwrap();
+    f.install(&pkg);
+    let doc = |text: &str| ide_plugin::ProviderDocument {
+        path: f.project.join("a.txt"),
+        language: "text".into(),
+        version: 1,
+        text: text.into(),
+    };
+    let at = ide_core::Pos::new(0, 0);
+
+    // The first call starts the instance, which may take longer than the edit-path budget.
+    let mut items = Vec::new();
+    assert!(eventually(|| {
+        items = f.host.provide_completion(&doc("rich"), at, None);
+        !items.is_empty()
+    }));
+    let item = &items[0].1;
+    assert_eq!(
+        (item.insert_text.as_str(), item.snippet, item.filter_text.as_deref()),
+        ("f(${1:x})$0", true, Some("fun"))
+    );
+    assert_eq!(item.additional_edits[0].new_text, "use f;\n");
+
+    // Offered without edits; computed when picked.
+    let actions = f.host.provide_code_actions(&doc("lazy"), ide_core::Range::default());
+    let (plugin, action) = actions.into_iter().next().expect("offered");
+    assert!(action.edits.is_empty() && action.data.as_deref() == Some("fix"));
+    let resolved = f.host.resolve_code_action(&plugin, &doc("lazy"), action.clone()).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(resolved.edits[0].1[0].new_text, "fixed ");
+    let foreign = ide_plugin::CodeAction { data: Some("other".into()), ..action };
+    assert!(f.host.resolve_code_action(&plugin, &doc("lazy"), foreign).is_err());
+
+    // A kind this IDE doesn't know is refused, not a trap.
+    let err = f.host.run_command("misbehave", "subscribe", Some("file-deleted"), f.inv()).unwrap_err();
+    assert!(err.message.contains("no event kind"), "{}", err.message);
+    let err = f.host.run_command("misbehave", "subscribe", Some("file-saved"), f.inv()).unwrap_err();
+    assert!(err.message.contains("events"), "known, but not granted: {}", err.message);
+
+    // Tags the IDE knows, the tool that found it.
+    let path = f.project.join("a.txt");
+    f.host.run_command("misbehave", "diagnose", Some(&path.to_string_lossy()), f.inv()).unwrap();
+    let d = f.workspace.diagnostics.lock().get(&("misbehave".into(), path)).cloned().unwrap();
+    assert_eq!((d[0].unnecessary, d[0].deprecated, d[0].source.as_deref()), (true, false, Some("lint")));
+}
@@ -218,10 +218,19 @@ async fn serves_projects_files_documents_search_and_runs() {
    invoke(&peer, "vcs_init", json!({ "dir": project })).await.unwrap();
    until("git repository", || project.join(".git").is_dir()).await;

+    // A Docker run configuration's environment comes from the host its command runs on.
+    let env =
+        invoke(&peer, "docker_run_env", json!({ "endpoint": { "kind": "socket", "path": "/run/user/1/docker.sock" } }))
+            .await
+            .unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(env["DOCKER_HOST"], "unix:///run/user/1/docker.sock");
+
    // Real project-host ignore writes travel through the remote command dispatcher.
    assert!(Dispatcher::standard().commands().contains(&"vcs_add_to_ignore"));
    let ignore_root = dunce::canonicalize(&project).unwrap();
-    for (name, destination) in [("shared.tmp", "gitignore"), ("private.tmp", "localExclude")] {
+    // Not `.tmp`: a machine's global excludes file (often `*.tmp`) already
+    // ignores those, so the backend never writes the entry anywhere.
+    for (name, destination) in [("shared.ignore-me", "gitignore"), ("private.ignore-me", "localExclude")] {
        let path = ignore_root.join(name);
        std::fs::write(&path, "temporary").unwrap();
        invoke(&peer, "vcs_add_to_ignore", json!({ "paths": [path], "destination": destination })).await.unwrap();
@@ -230,9 +239,9 @@ async fn serves_projects_files_documents_search_and_runs() {
        assert_eq!(entry["ignored"], true);
        assert_eq!(entry["excluded"], false);
    }
-    assert!(std::fs::read_to_string(project.join(".gitignore")).unwrap().contains("/shared.tmp"));
-    assert!(std::fs::read_to_string(project.join(".git/info/exclude")).unwrap().contains("/private.tmp"));
-    let outside = tmp.path().join("outside.tmp");
+    assert!(std::fs::read_to_string(project.join(".gitignore")).unwrap().contains("/shared.ignore-me"));
+    assert!(std::fs::read_to_string(project.join(".git/info/exclude")).unwrap().contains("/private.ignore-me"));
+    let outside = tmp.path().join("outside.ignore-me");
    std::fs::write(&outside, "keep").unwrap();
    assert!(
        invoke(&peer, "vcs_add_to_ignore", json!({ "paths": [outside], "destination": "gitignore" })).await.is_err()
@@ -81,6 +81,46 @@ async fn gradle_defaults_are_not_saved_as_explicit_run_choices() {
    assert_eq!(saved.command, gradle.command);
 }

+#[tokio::test(flavor = "multi_thread", worker_threads = 2)]
+async fn maven_defaults_are_resolved_at_launch_and_explicit_choices_survive_reload() {
+    let tmp = tempfile::tempdir().unwrap();
+    let root = dunce::canonicalize(tmp.path()).unwrap();
+    std::fs::write(root.join("pom.xml"), "<project/>").unwrap();
+    let home = root.join("maven");
+    std::fs::create_dir_all(home.join("bin")).unwrap();
+    let launcher = home.join("bin").join(if cfg!(windows) { "mvn.cmd" } else { "mvn" });
+    std::fs::write(&launcher, "").unwrap();
+    let host = host(&root.join("app"));
+    host.trust.decide(&root, true, false).unwrap();
+    host.open_project("main", &root).unwrap();
+    for (key, value) in [
+        ("languages.java.maven.home", home.to_string_lossy().into_owned()),
+        ("languages.java.maven.userSettings", "settings.xml".into()),
+    ] {
+        ops::project::set_settings(
+            &host,
+            "main",
+            ide_workspace::settings::SettingsScope::Project,
+            key,
+            &serde_json::to_string(&value).unwrap(),
+        )
+        .unwrap();
+    }
+    let mut config = ops::run::configs(&host, "main").unwrap().into_iter().find(|c| c.id == "maven:test").unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(config.command, "mvn");
+    assert_eq!(config.args, ["test"]);
+    assert!(config.env.is_empty());
+    config.command = launcher.to_string_lossy().into_owned();
+    config.args = vec!["-s".into(), "own-settings.xml".into(), "test".into()];
+    config.env.insert("JAVA_HOME".into(), "own-jdk".into());
+    config.detected = false;
+    ops::run::save_configs(&host, "main", &[config.clone()], &[]).unwrap();
+    let saved = ops::run::configs(&host, "main").unwrap().into_iter().find(|c| c.id == config.id).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(saved.command, config.command);
+    assert_eq!(saved.args, config.args);
+    assert_eq!(saved.env, config.env);
+}
+
 #[tokio::test(flavor = "multi_thread", worker_threads = 2)]
 async fn workspace_cmake_before_launch_tasks_resolve_in_the_member() {
    let tmp = tempfile::tempdir().unwrap();
@@ -58,6 +58,11 @@ async fn application_commands_work_in_restricted_projects_and_without_a_project(
        "vcs_write_patch",
        "remote_bootstrap_list",
        "deploy_test_connection",
+        "plugin_market",
+        "plugin_market_url",
+        "plugin_set_market_url",
+        "plugin_market_download",
+        "plugin_preview_install",
    ] {
        assert!(ide_host::trust::restricted_command_allowed(command), "{command}");
        for window in ["main", "welcome"] {
@@ -72,8 +77,6 @@ async fn application_commands_work_in_restricted_projects_and_without_a_project(
        "tools_list",
        "tools_install",
        "tools_uninstall",
-        "plugin_install_dir",
-        "plugin_reload",
        "vcs_git_version",
        "docker_compose_op",
        "db_execute",
@@ -93,6 +96,12 @@ async fn application_commands_work_in_restricted_projects_and_without_a_project(
            assert!(host.authorize_command(window, command).is_err(), "{window}: {command}");
        }
    }
+    // Plugin installs run plugin code: from the welcome screen, but not in an untrusted project.
+    for command in ["plugin_install_dir", "plugin_uninstall", "plugin_set_enabled", "plugin_reload"] {
+        assert!(!ide_host::trust::restricted_command_allowed(command), "{command}");
+        assert!(host.authorize_command("main", command).is_err(), "{command}");
+        assert!(host.authorize_command("welcome", command).is_ok(), "{command}");
+    }
    // These requests validate the vendor before any network access, independently of project trust.
    for window in ["main", "welcome"] {
        let error = ide_host::ops::tools::jdk_download_releases(
@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
+use ide_core::{NullSink, RequestId};
+use ide_host::{Host, HostConfig, ops};
+use std::{sync::Arc, time::Duration};
+
+#[tokio::test(flavor = "multi_thread", worker_threads = 2)]
+async fn opens_unity_without_generated_solutions_and_excludes_caches_from_the_index() {
+    let temp = tempfile::tempdir().unwrap();
+    let base = dunce::canonicalize(temp.path()).unwrap();
+    let root = base.join("Game");
+    for name in ["Assets/Scripts", "Packages", "ProjectSettings", "Library/PackageCache", "Temp", "Logs"] {
+        std::fs::create_dir_all(root.join(name)).unwrap();
+    }
+    std::fs::write(root.join("ProjectSettings/ProjectVersion.txt"), "m_EditorVersion: 6000.0.62f1\n").unwrap();
+    std::fs::write(root.join("Assets/Scripts/Player.cs"), "class Player {}\n").unwrap();
+    std::fs::write(root.join("Packages/manifest.json"), "{}\n").unwrap();
+    std::fs::write(root.join("Library/PackageCache/Cached.cs"), "class Cached {}\n").unwrap();
+    std::fs::write(root.join("Temp/Temporary.cs"), "class Temporary {}\n").unwrap();
+    std::fs::write(root.join("Logs/Editor.log"), "log\n").unwrap();
+    let host = Host::new(HostConfig {
+        config_dir: base.join("config"),
+        data_dir: base.join("data"),
+        local_data_dir: base.join("data"),
+        languages: Arc::new(ide_language::LanguageRegistry::load(None).unwrap()),
+        syntax: Arc::default(),
+        sink_for: Box::new(|_| Arc::new(NullSink)),
+        owner: |w| w,
+        runtime: tokio::runtime::Handle::current(),
+        project_environment: false,
+    });
+    let project = host.open_project("main", &root).unwrap();
+    let info = ops::project::info(&project);
+    assert_eq!(info.name, "Game");
+    let unity = info.unity.unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(unity.editor_version.as_deref(), Some("6000.0.62f1"));
+    assert!(unity.projects.is_empty() && unity.solutions.is_empty());
+    assert!(project.index.wait_idle(Duration::from_secs(20)));
+    assert_eq!(project.index.find_files("Player.cs", 100).len(), 1);
+    for name in ["Cached.cs", "Temporary.cs", "Editor.log"] {
+        assert!(project.index.find_files(name, 100).is_empty(), "indexed generated file {name}");
+    }
+    let hits = Arc::new(std::sync::Mutex::new(Vec::new()));
+    let out = hits.clone();
+    let query = serde_json::from_value(serde_json::json!({
+        "pattern": "class", "isRegex": false, "caseSensitive": false, "wholeWord": false,
+        "include": [], "exclude": [], "scope": { "kind": "project" }, "maxMatches": 100,
+    }))
+    .unwrap();
+    ops::search::start(
+        &host,
+        "main",
+        RequestId::next(),
+        query,
+        Arc::new(move |event| {
+            if let ops::search::SearchEvent::File { file } = event {
+                out.lock().unwrap().push(file.rel_path);
+            }
+        }),
+    )
+    .await
+    .unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(*hits.lock().unwrap(), ["Assets/Scripts/Player.cs"]);
+    let listing = ops::fs::read_dir(&host, "main", root.clone()).await.unwrap();
+    assert!(listing.iter().any(|e| e.name == "Library" && e.excluded));
+    assert!(project.exclude_globs().contains(&"/Obj".to_owned()));
+
+    // Project metadata refreshes without reopening when Unity generates its solution.
+    std::fs::write(root.join("Game.sln"), "").unwrap();
+    std::fs::write(root.join("Assembly-CSharp.csproj"), "").unwrap();
+    let unity = ops::project::info(&project).unity.unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(unity.solutions, ["Game.sln"]);
+    assert_eq!(unity.projects, ["Assembly-CSharp.csproj"]);
+
+    // Desktop commands and remote RPC share these host operations.
+    let original = root.join("Assets/Scripts/Player.cs");
+    let renamed = root.join("Assets/Scripts/Hero.cs");
+    let copied = root.join("Assets/Scripts/HeroCopy.cs");
+    let meta = |path: &std::path::Path| -> std::path::PathBuf {
+        let mut name = path.as_os_str().to_os_string();
+        name.push(".meta");
+        name.into()
+    };
+    let original_metadata = "fileFormatVersion: 2\nguid: 11111111111111111111111111111111\n";
+    std::fs::write(meta(&original), original_metadata).unwrap();
+    ops::fs::rename(&host, original.clone(), renamed.clone()).await.unwrap();
+    assert!(!original.exists() && !meta(&original).exists());
+    assert_eq!(std::fs::read_to_string(meta(&renamed)).unwrap(), original_metadata);
+    ops::fs::copy(&host, renamed.clone(), copied.clone()).await.unwrap();
+    assert!(copied.exists());
+    assert_ne!(std::fs::read_to_string(meta(&copied)).unwrap(), original_metadata);
+    assert_eq!(std::fs::read_to_string(meta(&renamed)).unwrap(), original_metadata);
+    host.close_project("main");
+
+    let ordinary = base.join("ConsoleApp");
+    std::fs::create_dir(&ordinary).unwrap();
+    std::fs::write(ordinary.join("App.csproj"), "").unwrap();
+    let project = host.open_project("main", &ordinary).unwrap();
+    assert!(ops::project::info(&project).unity.is_none());
+    assert!(!project.exclude_globs().contains(&"/Library".to_owned()));
+    host.close_project("main");
+}
@@ -175,3 +175,66 @@ async fn contended_version_reads_do_not_block_the_async_worker() {
        assert!(watchdog.join().unwrap(), "request {request_kind} blocked the only async worker");
    }
 }
+
+#[tokio::test(flavor = "multi_thread", worker_threads = 2)]
+async fn code_actions_skip_a_command_no_server_provides_after_their_edit() {
+    use ide_lsp::types::{CodeAction, Command};
+    let tmp = tempfile::tempdir().unwrap();
+    let file = tmp.path().join("imports.txt");
+    std::fs::write(&file, "unused\nused\n").unwrap();
+    let host = Host::new(HostConfig {
+        config_dir: tmp.path().join("config"),
+        data_dir: tmp.path().join("data"),
+        local_data_dir: tmp.path().join("local-data"),
+        languages: Arc::new(ide_language::LanguageRegistry::load(None).unwrap()),
+        syntax: Arc::default(),
+        sink_for: Box::new(|_| Arc::new(|_| {})),
+        owner: |window| window,
+        runtime: tokio::runtime::Handle::current(),
+        project_environment: false,
+    });
+    host.open_light("main", &file).unwrap();
+    let info = ops::doc::open(&host, "main", file.clone()).await.unwrap();
+    // Optimize Imports as vtsls offers it: the edit, then a command its client runs itself.
+    let action = |edit: bool| CodeAction {
+        title: "Organize Imports".into(),
+        kind: Some("source.organizeImports".into()),
+        is_preferred: false,
+        disabled_reason: None,
+        edit: edit.then(|| {
+            serde_json::from_value(json!({ "files": [{ "kind": "edit", "path": file, "edits": [
+                { "range": { "start": { "line": 0, "col": 0 }, "end": { "line": 1, "col": 0 } }, "new_text": "" }
+            ] }] }))
+            .unwrap()
+        }),
+        command: Some(Command {
+            title: String::new(),
+            command: "_typescript.didOrganizeImports".into(),
+            arguments: vec![],
+        }),
+        data: None,
+        server: ide_core::ServerId(1),
+    };
+    let follow_up = action(true).command.unwrap();
+    let asked = ops::lsp::lsp_resolve_command(
+        &host,
+        "main",
+        ide_core::RequestId(1),
+        info.id,
+        ide_core::ServerId(1),
+        follow_up,
+        vec![],
+    )
+    .await;
+    assert!(matches!(asked, Ok(None)), "{asked:?}");
+    ops::lsp::lsp_execute_code_action(&host, "main", ide_core::RequestId(2), info.id, action(true), vec![])
+        .await
+        .unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(ops::doc::snapshot(&host, "main", info.id).await.unwrap().text, "used\n");
+    ops::lsp::lsp_apply_code_action(&host, "main", info.id, action(true)).await.unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(ops::doc::snapshot(&host, "main", info.id).await.unwrap().text, "");
+    // Without an edit the command is the action: it still can't run.
+    let ran =
+        ops::lsp::lsp_execute_code_action(&host, "main", ide_core::RequestId(3), info.id, action(false), vec![]).await;
+    assert!(ran.is_err(), "{ran:?}");
+}
@@ -14,6 +14,9 @@ fn bench(c: &mut Criterion) {
    for q in ["ordcon", "src/user", "PaymentService", "zzzz", "a"] {
        g.bench_function(format!("find_files/{q}"), |b| b.iter(|| black_box(index.find_files(q, 50).len())));
    }
+    for q in ["util", "src/ui", "a"] {
+        g.bench_function(format!("find_dirs/{q}"), |b| b.iter(|| black_box(index.find_dirs(q, 50).len())));
+    }
    for q in ["OCo", "invoiceRepo", "renderView", "q"] {
        g.bench_function(format!("find_symbols/{q}"), |b| {
            b.iter(|| black_box(index.find_symbols(q, SymbolFilter::All, 50).len()))
@@ -40,6 +40,8 @@ pub(crate) struct FileRecord {
    pub size: u64,
    pub hash: [u8; 32],
    pub symbols: Vec<StoredSymbol>,
+    /// Matched by an ignore file: listed by name only (no hash, no symbols).
+    pub ignored: bool,
 }

 #[derive(Clone, Debug, Serialize, Deserialize)]
@@ -72,6 +74,7 @@ pub(crate) struct FileEntry {
    pub size: u64,
    pub hash: [u8; 32],
    pub symbols: Box<[Sym]>,
+    pub ignored: bool,
 }

 impl FileEntry {
@@ -100,6 +103,7 @@ impl FileEntry {
            size: record.size,
            hash: record.hash,
            symbols,
+            ignored: record.ignored,
        }
    }

@@ -126,14 +130,23 @@ impl FileEntry {
                    range: s.range,
                })
                .collect(),
+            ignored: self.ignored,
        }
    }
+
+    /// Whether the entry is out of date for `found` on disk.
+    pub(crate) fn stale_for(&self, found: &crate::filter::Found) -> bool {
+        self.mtime != found.mtime || self.size != found.size || self.ignored != found.ignored
+    }
 }

 #[derive(Default)]
 pub(crate) struct IndexData {
    pub files: Vec<Option<FileEntry>>,
    by_path: HashMap<PathBuf, u32>,
+    /// Every folder holding an indexed file at any depth, keyed by its `rel` with a
+    /// trailing `/`: its absolute path and the number of files below it.
+    pub dirs: HashMap<Box<str>, (PathBuf, u32)>,
    free: Vec<u32>,
    pub file_count: u32,
    pub symbol_count: u32,
@@ -167,6 +180,11 @@ impl IndexData {
            }
        };
        let path = self.files[slot as usize].as_ref().map(|e| e.path.clone()).unwrap_or_default();
+        if let Some(e) = &self.files[slot as usize] {
+            for (rel, abs) in ancestors(e) {
+                self.dirs.entry(rel.into()).or_insert_with(|| (abs.to_owned(), 0)).1 += 1;
+            }
+        }
        self.by_path.insert(path, slot);
        self.file_count += 1;
        self.symbol_count += symbols;
@@ -176,6 +194,14 @@ impl IndexData {
        let slot = self.by_path.remove(path)?;
        let old = self.files[slot as usize].take()?;
        self.free.push(slot);
+        for (rel, _) in ancestors(&old) {
+            if let Some(d) = self.dirs.get_mut(rel) {
+                d.1 -= 1;
+                if d.1 == 0 {
+                    self.dirs.remove(rel);
+                }
+            }
+        }
        self.file_count -= 1;
        self.symbol_count -= old.symbols.len() as u32;
        Some(old)
@@ -197,6 +223,7 @@ impl IndexData {
        self.files.shrink_to_fit();
        self.free.shrink_to_fit();
        self.by_path.shrink_to_fit();
+        self.dirs.shrink_to_fit();
    }

    pub(crate) fn paths(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = &PathBuf> {
@@ -204,6 +231,19 @@ impl IndexData {
    }
 }

+/// The folders holding `e` (`rel` with a trailing `/`, absolute path), innermost first.
+fn ancestors(e: &FileEntry) -> impl Iterator<Item = (&str, &Path)> {
+    let mut rel = e.dir();
+    let mut abs = e.path.parent();
+    std::iter::from_fn(move || {
+        let path = abs.filter(|_| !rel.is_empty())?;
+        let here = rel;
+        rel = rel[..rel.len() - 1].rfind('/').map_or("", |i| &rel[..=i]);
+        abs = path.parent();
+        Some((here, path))
+    })
+}
+
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests {
    use super::*;
@@ -223,6 +263,23 @@ mod tests {
        FileEntry::new(PathBuf::from("/r").join(path), path.to_owned(), record)
    }

+    #[test]
+    fn dirs_follow_inserts_and_removals() {
+        let mut d = IndexData::default();
+        d.insert(entry("a/b/c.rs", 0));
+        d.insert(entry("a/d.rs", 0));
+        d.insert(entry("a/d.rs", 0));
+        d.insert(entry("top.rs", 0));
+        let mut dirs: Vec<_> = d.dirs.iter().map(|(k, v)| (k.to_string(), v.1)).collect();
+        dirs.sort();
+        assert_eq!(dirs, [("a/".into(), 2), ("a/b/".into(), 1)]);
+        assert_eq!(d.dirs["a/b/"].0, PathBuf::from("/r/a/b"));
+        d.remove(Path::new("/r/a/b/c.rs"));
+        assert!(!d.dirs.contains_key("a/b/"));
+        d.remove_tree(Path::new("/r/a"));
+        assert!(d.dirs.is_empty());
+    }
+
    #[test]
    fn insert_replace_remove_keep_counts() {
        let mut d = IndexData::default();
@@ -1,10 +1,16 @@
 //! Which paths belong in the index: `.gitignore`/`.ignore` rules (via the
 //! `ignore` crate) plus the user's `files.exclude` globs, below the project root
 //! and the extra content roots (Project Structure).
+//!
+//! Like IDEA, ignored directories are left out entirely, while ignored files in
+//! the remaining directories (`.env`) are listed by name only, so Go to File finds
+//! them but their symbols stay out of the index.

 use globset::{GlobBuilder, GlobSet, GlobSetBuilder};
 use ignore::gitignore::{Gitignore, GitignoreBuilder};
 use ignore::{WalkBuilder, WalkState};
+use std::collections::HashMap;
+use std::collections::hash_map::Entry;
 use std::path::{Path, PathBuf};
 use std::sync::atomic::{AtomicBool, Ordering};
 use std::sync::mpsc;
@@ -57,11 +63,25 @@ fn rel_string(rel: &Path) -> String {
    out
 }

+/// Whether `path` below `root` matches the exclude globs.
+fn glob_excluded(excludes: &GlobSet, root: &Path, path: &Path) -> bool {
+    match path.strip_prefix(root) {
+        Ok(rel) if !rel.as_os_str().is_empty() => {
+            let rel = rel.to_string_lossy();
+            let rel = if std::path::MAIN_SEPARATOR == '/' { rel } else { rel.replace('\\', "/").into() };
+            excludes.is_match(rel.as_ref())
+        }
+        _ => false,
+    }
+}
+
 #[derive(Clone, Debug)]
 pub(crate) struct Found {
    pub path: PathBuf,
    pub mtime: u64,
    pub size: u64,
+    /// Matched by an ignore file: listed by name only.
+    pub ignored: bool,
 }

 pub(crate) fn mtime_of(meta: &std::fs::Metadata) -> u64 {
@@ -177,8 +197,9 @@ impl PathFilter {
        ALWAYS_SKIP.contains(&name)
    }

-    /// Whether a path reported by the watcher should be ignored (outside the
-    /// root, inside an excluded/ignored directory, or ignored itself).
+    /// Whether a path reported by the watcher should be left out (outside the
+    /// root, excluded, or an ignored directory or inside one). Ignored files
+    /// elsewhere stay in, listed by name only.
    pub(crate) fn is_excluded(&self, path: &Path, is_dir: bool) -> bool {
        let Some((base, _, gitignore)) = self.base_of(path) else { return true };
        let rel = path.strip_prefix(base).map(rel_string).unwrap_or_default();
@@ -198,16 +219,27 @@ impl PathFilter {
                return true;
            }
        }
-        gitignore.matched_path_or_any_parents(path, is_dir).is_ignore()
+        let dir = if is_dir { Some(path) } else { path.parent().filter(|p| *p != base) };
+        dir.is_some_and(|d| gitignore.matched_path_or_any_parents(d, true).is_ignore())
    }

    /// All indexable files at or below `dir`, walked in parallel.
    /// Stops early (returning what was found so far) once `cancel` is set.
    pub(crate) fn walk(&self, dir: &Path, cancel: &AtomicBool) -> Vec<Found> {
+        self.walk_to(dir, None, cancel)
+    }
+
+    /// The indexable files directly in `dir`, classified by the same rules as [`Self::walk`].
+    pub(crate) fn list_dir(&self, dir: &Path) -> Vec<Found> {
+        self.walk_to(dir, Some(1), &AtomicBool::new(false))
+    }
+
+    fn walk_to(&self, dir: &Path, max_depth: Option<usize>, cancel: &AtomicBool) -> Vec<Found> {
        let (tx, rx) = mpsc::channel::<Vec<Found>>();
        let Some((root, _, _)) = self.base_of(dir) else { return Vec::new() };
        let root = root.to_path_buf();
        let excludes = self.excludes.clone();
+        let (walk_root, walk_excludes) = (root.clone(), excludes.clone());
        let walker = WalkBuilder::new(dir)
            .hidden(false)
            .parents(true)
@@ -215,43 +247,65 @@ impl PathFilter {
            .git_ignore(true)
            .git_global(true)
            .git_exclude(true)
-            .require_git(false)
+            .require_git(ide_core::ignored::inside_git_repo(dir))
            .follow_links(false)
+            .max_depth(max_depth)
            .filter_entry(move |e| {
                let name = e.file_name().to_string_lossy();
-                if Self::skip_name(&name) {
-                    return false;
-                }
-                match e.path().strip_prefix(&root) {
-                    Ok(rel) if !rel.as_os_str().is_empty() => {
-                        let rel = rel.to_string_lossy();
-                        let rel = if std::path::MAIN_SEPARATOR == '/' { rel } else { rel.replace('\\', "/").into() };
-                        !excludes.is_match(rel.as_ref())
-                    }
-                    _ => true,
-                }
+                !Self::skip_name(&name) && !glob_excluded(&walk_excludes, &walk_root, e.path())
            })
            .build_parallel();
        walker.run(|| {
+            let (root, excludes) = (&root, &excludes);
            let mut batch = Batch { tx: tx.clone(), items: Vec::with_capacity(256) };
            Box::new(move |entry| {
                if cancel.load(Ordering::Relaxed) {
                    return WalkState::Quit;
                }
                let Ok(entry) = entry else { return WalkState::Continue };
-                if entry.file_type().is_some_and(|t| t.is_file())
+                let Some(file_type) = entry.file_type() else { return WalkState::Continue };
+                if file_type.is_dir() && max_depth.is_none_or(|max| entry.depth() < max) {
+                    // The walker drops ignored files unseen: list every file of a
+                    // walked directory; those the walker doesn't report are ignored.
+                    let Ok(children) = std::fs::read_dir(entry.path()) else { return WalkState::Continue };
+                    for child in children.flatten() {
+                        let path = child.path();
+                        if child.file_type().is_ok_and(|t| t.is_file())
+                            && !Self::skip_name(&child.file_name().to_string_lossy())
+                            && !glob_excluded(excludes, root, &path)
+                            && let Ok(meta) = child.metadata()
+                        {
+                            batch.items.push(Found { path, mtime: mtime_of(&meta), size: meta.len(), ignored: true });
+                        }
+                    }
+                } else if file_type.is_file()
                    && let Ok(meta) = entry.metadata()
                {
-                    batch.items.push(Found { path: entry.into_path(), mtime: mtime_of(&meta), size: meta.len() });
-                    if batch.items.len() >= 256 && batch.tx.send(std::mem::take(&mut batch.items)).is_err() {
-                        return WalkState::Quit;
-                    }
+                    batch.items.push(Found {
+                        path: entry.into_path(),
+                        mtime: mtime_of(&meta),
+                        size: meta.len(),
+                        ignored: false,
+                    });
+                }
+                if batch.items.len() >= 256 && batch.tx.send(std::mem::take(&mut batch.items)).is_err() {
+                    return WalkState::Quit;
                }
                WalkState::Continue
            })
        });
        drop(tx);
-        rx.into_iter().flatten().collect()
+        // Each file comes once from its directory listing and, unless ignored, once from the walker.
+        let mut by_path: HashMap<PathBuf, Found> = HashMap::new();
+        for f in rx.into_iter().flatten() {
+            match by_path.entry(f.path.clone()) {
+                Entry::Occupied(mut e) => e.get_mut().ignored &= f.ignored,
+                Entry::Vacant(e) => {
+                    e.insert(f);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        by_path.into_values().collect()
    }
 }

@@ -311,6 +365,103 @@ mod tests {
        assert!(!filter.is_excluded(&root.join("src/new.rs"), false));
    }

+    #[test]
+    fn ignored_files_are_listed_but_ignored_directories_are_not() {
+        let dir = tempfile::tempdir().unwrap();
+        let root = dunce::canonicalize(dir.path()).unwrap();
+        for f in [
+            ".env",
+            "src/a.rs",
+            "src/debug.log",
+            "src/local/secrets.json",
+            "pkg/.gitignore",
+            "pkg/gen.rs",
+            "pkg/keep.rs",
+            "build/out.rs",
+            "build/nested/deep.rs",
+            "logs/app.log",
+            "node_modules/x/.env",
+            "src/.DS_Store",
+            "src/.git",
+        ] {
+            touch(&root, f);
+        }
+        std::fs::write(
+            root.join(".gitignore"),
+            ".env
+*.log
+build/
+logs/
+src/local/
+",
+        )
+        .unwrap();
+        std::fs::write(
+            root.join("pkg/.gitignore"),
+            "gen.rs
+",
+        )
+        .unwrap();
+        let filter = PathFilter::new(&root, &vec![].into(), &["**/node_modules".into(), "**/.DS_Store".into()]);
+        let mut found: Vec<(String, bool)> = filter
+            .walk(&root, &AtomicBool::new(false))
+            .iter()
+            .filter_map(|f| Some((filter.rel(&f.path)?, f.ignored)))
+            .collect();
+        found.sort();
+        let expected = [
+            (".env", true),
+            (".gitignore", false),
+            ("pkg/.gitignore", false),
+            ("pkg/gen.rs", true),
+            ("pkg/keep.rs", false),
+            ("src/a.rs", false),
+            ("src/debug.log", true),
+        ];
+        assert_eq!(found, expected.map(|(p, i)| (p.to_owned(), i)));
+
+        // One directory at a time (watcher updates): same classification, no descent.
+        let mut listed: Vec<(String, bool)> =
+            filter.list_dir(&root.join("pkg")).iter().filter_map(|f| Some((filter.rel(&f.path)?, f.ignored))).collect();
+        listed.sort();
+        let expected = [("pkg/.gitignore", false), ("pkg/gen.rs", true), ("pkg/keep.rs", false)];
+        assert_eq!(listed, expected.map(|(p, i)| (p.to_owned(), i)));
+        let top: Vec<String> = filter.list_dir(&root).iter().filter_map(|f| filter.rel(&f.path)).collect();
+        assert!(top.iter().all(|p| !p.contains('/')), "{top:?}");
+
+        for (rel, excluded) in [
+            (".env", false),
+            ("src/new.log", false),
+            ("src/new.rs", false),
+            ("build/x.rs", true),
+            ("logs/app.log", true),
+            ("src/local/x.json", true),
+        ] {
+            assert_eq!(filter.is_excluded(&root.join(rel), false), excluded, "{rel}");
+        }
+        assert!(filter.is_excluded(&root.join("build"), true));
+        assert!(!filter.is_excluded(&root.join("src"), true));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn a_nested_repository_is_not_hidden_by_the_outer_repositorys_gitignore() {
+        let dir = tempfile::tempdir().unwrap();
+        let base = dunce::canonicalize(dir.path()).unwrap();
+        for f in ["projects/nested/src/a.rs", "projects/nested/out/x.rs"] {
+            touch(&base, f);
+        }
+        std::fs::create_dir(base.join(".git")).unwrap();
+        std::fs::create_dir(base.join("projects/nested/.git")).unwrap();
+        std::fs::write(base.join("projects/.gitignore"), "*\n!.gitignore\n").unwrap();
+        std::fs::write(base.join("projects/nested/.gitignore"), "out/\n").unwrap();
+        let root = base.join("projects/nested");
+        let filter = PathFilter::new(&root, &vec![].into(), &[]);
+        let mut found: Vec<String> =
+            filter.walk(&root, &AtomicBool::new(false)).iter().filter_map(|f| filter.rel(&f.path)).collect();
+        found.sort();
+        assert_eq!(found, [".gitignore", "src/a.rs"]);
+    }
+
    #[test]
    fn extra_content_roots_are_walked_and_prefixed() {
        let dir = tempfile::tempdir().unwrap();
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ use ide_language::{LanguageRegistry, Syntax};
 use parking_lot::Mutex;
 use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
 use specta::Type;
+use std::collections::HashMap;
 use std::path::{Path, PathBuf};
 use std::sync::Arc;
 use std::sync::atomic::Ordering;
@@ -64,6 +65,14 @@ pub struct IndexStatus {
    pub symbols: u32,
 }

+/// How many indexed files share an extension (lower case, without the dot).
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, Deserialize, Type)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct ExtensionCount {
+    pub extension: String,
+    pub files: u32,
+}
+
 pub struct ProjectIndex {
    shared: Arc<Shared>,
    worker: Mutex<Option<JoinHandle<()>>>,
@@ -159,6 +168,27 @@ impl ProjectIndex {
        }
    }

+    /// The extensions of the indexed files, most common first: the project's file
+    /// types, for suggestions such as Find in Files' file masks. Dotfiles
+    /// (`.gitignore`) have no extension.
+    pub fn file_extensions(&self) -> Vec<ExtensionCount> {
+        let d = self.shared.data.read();
+        let mut counts: HashMap<String, u32> = HashMap::new();
+        for file in d.files.iter().flatten() {
+            let name = &file.rel[file.name_start as usize..];
+            if let Some((stem, extension)) = name.rsplit_once('.')
+                && !stem.is_empty()
+                && !extension.is_empty()
+            {
+                *counts.entry(extension.to_ascii_lowercase()).or_default() += 1;
+            }
+        }
+        let mut out: Vec<ExtensionCount> =
+            counts.into_iter().map(|(extension, files)| ExtensionCount { extension, files }).collect();
+        out.sort_by(|a, b| b.files.cmp(&a.files).then_with(|| a.extension.cmp(&b.extension)));
+        out
+    }
+
    /// Fuzzy file search. IDEA-like ranking: file-name matches beat directory
    /// matches; `/` in the query matches path segments; recently opened files boost.
    pub fn find_files(&self, query: &str, limit: usize) -> Vec<FileMatch> {
@@ -167,6 +197,11 @@ impl ProjectIndex {
        matching::find_files(&d, &matching::Recents { paths: &recent }, query, limit)
    }

+    /// Fuzzy search for folders that hold indexed files; `rel_path` ends in `/`.
+    pub fn find_dirs(&self, query: &str, limit: usize) -> Vec<FileMatch> {
+        matching::find_dirs(&self.shared.data.read(), query, limit)
+    }
+
    /// Fuzzy symbol search; CamelHump aware (`OCo` → `OrderController`).
    pub fn find_symbols(&self, query: &str, filter: SymbolFilter, limit: usize) -> Vec<SymbolMatch> {
        let recent = self.shared.recent.lock().clone();
@@ -366,6 +401,10 @@ pub mod bench_support {
            matching::find_files(&self.data, &matching::Recents { paths: &self.recent }, query, limit)
        }

+        pub fn find_dirs(&self, query: &str, limit: usize) -> Vec<FileMatch> {
+            matching::find_dirs(&self.data, query, limit)
+        }
+
        pub fn find_symbols(&self, query: &str, filter: SymbolFilter, limit: usize) -> Vec<SymbolMatch> {
            matching::find_symbols(&self.data, &matching::Recents { paths: &self.recent }, query, filter, limit)
        }
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ use nucleo_matcher::{Config, Matcher, Utf32Str, Utf32String};
 use rayon::prelude::*;
 use std::cell::RefCell;
 use std::cmp::Ordering;
-use std::path::PathBuf;
+use std::path::{Path, PathBuf};

 const TIER_NAME: u32 = 1 << 20;
 const EXACT: u32 = 4000;
@@ -251,6 +251,76 @@ pub(crate) fn find_files(data: &IndexData, recents: &Recents, query: &str, limit
        .collect()
 }

+/// Fuzzy folder search over the folders holding indexed files: folder-name matches beat
+/// path matches; `/` in the query matches the whole path. `rel_path` ends in `/`.
+pub(crate) fn find_dirs(data: &IndexData, query: &str, limit: usize) -> Vec<FileMatch> {
+    let q = normalize_file_query(query);
+    if limit == 0 || q.is_empty() {
+        return Vec::new();
+    }
+    let by_path = q.contains('/');
+    let needle = Needle::new(q.trim_end_matches('/'));
+    // (score, rel without the trailing `/`, char offset of the name when it matched by name)
+    let score = |m: &mut Matcher, buf: &mut Vec<char>, rel: &str| -> Option<(u32, Option<u32>)> {
+        let trimmed = &rel[..rel.len() - 1];
+        let start = trimmed.rfind('/').map_or(0, |i| i + 1);
+        let name = &trimmed[start..];
+        if !by_path
+            && needle.mask & char_mask(name) == needle.mask
+            && let Some(s) = needle.score(m, name, buf)
+        {
+            return Some((TIER_NAME + s * 4 + needle.name_boost(name), Some(trimmed[..start].chars().count() as u32)));
+        }
+        if needle.mask & char_mask(trimmed) != needle.mask {
+            return None;
+        }
+        needle.score(m, trimmed, buf).map(|s| (s, None))
+    };
+    let mut best: Vec<(u32, &str, &Path, Option<u32>)> = data
+        .dirs
+        .par_iter()
+        .filter_map(|(rel, (path, _))| {
+            let mut buf = Vec::new();
+            with_matcher(|m| score(m, &mut buf, rel)).map(|(s, at)| (s, &**rel, path.as_path(), at))
+        })
+        .collect();
+    let order = |a: &(u32, &str, &Path, Option<u32>), b: &(u32, &str, &Path, Option<u32>)| {
+        b.0.cmp(&a.0).then_with(|| a.1.len().cmp(&b.1.len())).then_with(|| a.1.cmp(b.1))
+    };
+    if best.len() > limit {
+        best.select_nth_unstable_by(limit, order);
+        best.truncate(limit);
+    }
+    // Match indices and the CamelHump bonus `find_files` gives, so equal matches rank alike.
+    let mut out: Vec<FileMatch> = with_matcher(|m| {
+        let (mut buf, mut idx) = (Vec::new(), Vec::new());
+        best.into_iter()
+            .map(|(score, rel, path, name_at)| {
+                let trimmed = &rel[..rel.len() - 1];
+                let (bonus, indices) = match name_at {
+                    Some(at) => {
+                        let name = &trimmed[trimmed.rfind('/').map_or(0, |i| i + 1)..];
+                        needle.indices(m, name, &mut buf, &mut idx);
+                        (hump_bonus(name, &idx), idx.iter().map(|i| i + at).collect())
+                    }
+                    None => {
+                        needle.indices(m, trimmed, &mut buf, &mut idx);
+                        (hump_bonus(trimmed, &idx), idx.clone())
+                    }
+                };
+                FileMatch { path: path.to_path_buf().into(), rel_path: rel.to_owned(), score: score + bonus, indices }
+            })
+            .collect()
+    });
+    out.sort_by(|a, b| {
+        b.score
+            .cmp(&a.score)
+            .then_with(|| a.rel_path.len().cmp(&b.rel_path.len()))
+            .then_with(|| a.rel_path.cmp(&b.rel_path))
+    });
+    out
+}
+
 fn file(data: &IndexData, slot: u32) -> &FileEntry {
    data.files[slot as usize].as_ref().expect("candidate slots are live")
 }
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ use std::path::Path;
 const FILES: TableDefinition<&str, &[u8]> = TableDefinition::new("files");
 const META: TableDefinition<&str, &[u8]> = TableDefinition::new("meta");
 /// Bump when [`FileRecord`] or its encoding changes.
-const SCHEMA: &str = "openidea-index-2";
+const SCHEMA: &str = "openidea-index-3";

 type Result<T> = std::result::Result<T, String>;

@@ -111,6 +111,28 @@ fn indexes_files_and_symbols_honouring_excludes() {
    assert_eq!(m.path, fx.root.join("src/main.rs"));
 }

+#[test]
+fn counts_file_extensions_most_common_first() {
+    let fx = Fixture::new(&[
+        ("src/a.rs", "fn a() {}\n"),
+        ("src/b.RS", "fn b() {}\n"),
+        ("src/lib.rs", "fn c() {}\n"),
+        ("Cargo.toml", "[package]\n"),
+        ("README.md", "# r\n"),
+        ("docs/guide.md", "# g\n"),
+        (".gitignore", "target\n"),
+        ("Makefile", "all:\n"),
+        ("target/debug/gen.rs", "fn generated() {}\n"),
+    ]);
+    let idx = fx.open();
+    let counts: Vec<(String, u32)> = idx.file_extensions().into_iter().map(|c| (c.extension, c.files)).collect();
+    assert_eq!(
+        counts,
+        [("rs".into(), 3), ("md".into(), 2), ("toml".into(), 1)],
+        "case-folded, excluded folders and extension-less files left out"
+    );
+}
+
 #[test]
 fn file_ranking_is_idea_like() {
    let fx = sample();
@@ -138,6 +160,23 @@ fn file_ranking_is_idea_like() {
    assert_eq!(shown.to_lowercase(), "uibtn");
 }

+#[test]
+fn find_dirs_ranks_folder_names() {
+    let f = sample();
+    let idx = f.open();
+    let dirs = |q: &str| idx.find_dirs(q, 20).into_iter().map(|m| m.rel_path).collect::<Vec<_>>();
+    assert_eq!(dirs("order"), ["src/order/"]);
+    assert_eq!(dirs("src")[0], "src/");
+    assert!(dirs("src").contains(&"src/ui/".to_owned()), "{:?}", dirs("src"));
+    assert_eq!(dirs("src/ui/"), ["src/ui/"]);
+    assert!(dirs("").is_empty());
+    assert!(dirs("main").is_empty());
+
+    let m = &idx.find_dirs("ui", 1)[0];
+    assert_eq!(m.path.0, f.root.join("src/ui"));
+    assert_eq!(m.indices, vec![4, 5]);
+}
+
 #[test]
 fn shorter_paths_win_ties_and_recent_files_boost() {
    let fx = Fixture::new(&[("a/b/c/util.rs", ""), ("x/util.rs", ""), ("y/util.rs", "")]);
@@ -276,6 +315,56 @@ fn binary_and_huge_files_are_listed_without_symbols() {
    assert_eq!(idx.status().symbols, 0);
 }

+#[test]
+fn go_to_file_finds_ignored_files_but_not_their_symbols() {
+    let fx = Fixture::new(&[
+        (".gitignore", ".env\n*.local.ts\ndist/\n"),
+        (".env", "SECRET=1\n"),
+        ("src/app.ts", "export function app() {}\n"),
+        ("src/config.local.ts", "export function localOnly() {}\n"),
+        ("dist/bundle.js", "function bundled() {}\n"),
+    ]);
+    let idx = fx.open();
+    assert_eq!(files(&idx, ".env"), vec![".env"], "the reported case: a git-ignored root file");
+    assert_eq!(files(&idx, "config.local"), vec!["src/config.local.ts"]);
+    assert!(files(&idx, "bundle").is_empty(), "ignored directories stay out");
+    assert!(symbols(&idx, "localOnly", SymbolFilter::All).is_empty(), "ignored files are listed by name only");
+    assert_eq!(symbols(&idx, "app", SymbolFilter::All), vec!["app"]);
+
+    // Watcher updates keep the distinction.
+    let fresh = fx.write("src/fresh.local.ts", "export function freshLocal() {}\n");
+    let bundled = fx.write("dist/more.js", "function more() {}\n");
+    idx.update(&[fresh, bundled], &[]);
+    assert!(idx.wait_idle(WAIT));
+    assert_eq!(files(&idx, "fresh.local"), vec!["src/fresh.local.ts"]);
+    assert!(symbols(&idx, "freshLocal", SymbolFilter::All).is_empty());
+    assert!(files(&idx, "more.js").is_empty());
+
+    // Nested ignore files apply to watcher updates as they do to the scan.
+    fx.write("pkg/.gitignore", "gen.ts\n");
+    let generated = fx.write("pkg/gen.ts", "export function generatedThing() {}\n");
+    let kept = fx.write("pkg/kept.ts", "export function keptThing() {}\n");
+    idx.update(&[generated, kept], &[]);
+    assert!(idx.wait_idle(WAIT));
+    assert_eq!(files(&idx, "pkg/gen"), vec!["pkg/gen.ts"]);
+    assert!(symbols(&idx, "generatedThing", SymbolFilter::All).is_empty());
+    assert_eq!(symbols(&idx, "keptThing", SymbolFilter::All), vec!["keptThing"]);
+    drop(idx);
+
+    // No longer ignored: the next scan parses it although its mtime is unchanged.
+    std::fs::write(fx.root.join(".gitignore"), ".env\ndist/\n").unwrap();
+    let idx = fx.open();
+    assert_eq!(symbols(&idx, "localOnly", SymbolFilter::All), vec!["localOnly"]);
+    assert_eq!(files(&idx, ".env"), vec![".env"]);
+    drop(idx);
+
+    // Ignored again: its symbols are dropped.
+    std::fs::write(fx.root.join(".gitignore"), "*.local.ts\n").unwrap();
+    let idx = fx.open();
+    assert!(symbols(&idx, "localOnly", SymbolFilter::All).is_empty());
+    assert_eq!(files(&idx, "bundle"), vec!["dist/bundle.js"]);
+}
+
 #[test]
 fn second_window_on_same_project_works_in_memory() {
    let fx = sample();
@@ -2,13 +2,13 @@
 //! updates queued by the watcher.

 use crate::data::{FileEntry, FileRecord, IndexData, StoredSymbol};
-use crate::filter::{Found, PathFilter, mtime_of};
+use crate::filter::{Found, PathFilter};
 use crate::store::Store;
 use ide_core::{IdeEvent, SharedSink, TaskId};
 use ide_language::{LanguageRegistry, Syntax};
 use parking_lot::{Condvar, Mutex, RwLock};
 use rayon::prelude::*;
-use std::collections::{HashSet, VecDeque};
+use std::collections::{HashMap, HashSet, VecDeque};
 use std::io::Read;
 use std::path::{Path, PathBuf};
 use std::sync::atomic::{AtomicBool, Ordering};
@@ -233,10 +233,7 @@ impl Shared {
        let seen: HashSet<&Path> = found.iter().map(|f| f.path.as_path()).collect();
        let (todo, stale): (Vec<&Found>, Vec<PathBuf>) = {
            let d = self.data.read();
-            let todo = found
-                .iter()
-                .filter(|f| d.get(&f.path).is_none_or(|e| e.mtime != f.mtime || e.size != f.size))
-                .collect();
+            let todo = found.iter().filter(|f| d.get(&f.path).is_none_or(|e| e.stale_for(f))).collect();
            let stale = d.paths().filter(|p| !seen.contains(p.as_path())).cloned().collect();
            (todo, stale)
        };
@@ -311,6 +308,7 @@ impl Shared {
                        let mut rec = d.get(&f.path)?.record();
                        rec.mtime = f.mtime;
                        rec.size = f.size;
+                        rec.ignored = f.ignored;
                        Some((rel, rec, f.path.clone()))
                    }
                    Extracted::New(rec) => Some((rel, rec, f.path.clone())),
@@ -342,8 +340,8 @@ impl Shared {
    }

    fn extract(&self, f: &Found, prev_hash: Option<[u8; 32]>) -> Extracted {
-        let mut rec = FileRecord { mtime: f.mtime, size: f.size, ..Default::default() };
-        if f.size > MAX_SYMBOL_FILE {
+        let mut rec = FileRecord { mtime: f.mtime, size: f.size, ignored: f.ignored, ..Default::default() };
+        if f.ignored || f.size > MAX_SYMBOL_FILE {
            return Extracted::New(rec);
        }
        let mut bytes = Vec::with_capacity(f.size as usize);
@@ -420,6 +418,7 @@ impl Shared {

        let mut files: Vec<Found> = Vec::new();
        let mut seen = HashSet::new();
+        let mut by_dir: HashMap<PathBuf, HashSet<PathBuf>> = HashMap::new();
        for path in changed {
            if !seen.insert(path.clone()) {
                continue;
@@ -430,16 +429,19 @@ impl Shared {
            }
            if meta.is_dir() {
                files.extend(filter.walk(&path, &self.cancelled));
-            } else if meta.is_file() {
-                files.push(Found { mtime: mtime_of(&meta), size: meta.len(), path });
+            } else if meta.is_file()
+                && let Some(dir) = path.parent()
+            {
+                by_dir.entry(dir.to_owned()).or_default().insert(path);
            }
        }
+        // Listing the folder applies every ignore file (nested, global) to tell ignored files apart.
+        for (dir, wanted) in by_dir {
+            files.extend(filter.list_dir(&dir).into_iter().filter(|f| wanted.contains(&f.path)));
+        }
        let files: Vec<Found> = {
            let d = self.data.read();
-            files
-                .into_iter()
-                .filter(|f| d.get(&f.path).is_none_or(|e| e.mtime != f.mtime || e.size != f.size))
-                .collect()
+            files.into_iter().filter(|f| d.get(&f.path).is_none_or(|e| e.stale_for(f))).collect()
        };
        if !files.is_empty() {
            touched = true;
@@ -457,7 +459,7 @@ impl Shared {
                    .filter(|p| before.detect(p, None) != self.languages.detect(p, None))
                    .filter_map(|p| {
                        let e = d.get(p)?;
-                        Some(Found { path: p.clone(), mtime: e.mtime, size: e.size })
+                        Some(Found { path: p.clone(), mtime: e.mtime, size: e.size, ignored: e.ignored })
                    })
                    .collect()
            };
@@ -16,3 +16,6 @@ parking_lot.workspace = true
 thiserror.workspace = true
 tracing.workspace = true
 encoding_rs.workspace = true
+
+[dev-dependencies]
+tempfile.workspace = true
@@ -216,6 +216,9 @@ pub trait Handler: Send + Sync + 'static {
    fn on_request_with_data(&self, method: &str, params: Value) -> Result<Value, (i64, String, Option<Value>)> {
        self.on_request(method, params).map_err(|(code, message)| (code, message, None))
    }
+
+    /// Called once the response to a `method` request is queued: what it sends follows the response.
+    fn after_response(&self, _method: &str) {}
 }

 /// A [`Handler`] that ignores notifications and rejects requests.
@@ -243,6 +246,9 @@ struct Inner {
    pid: Option<u32>,
    /// Fired when the reader task has stopped (EOF, error or kill).
    reader_done: CancellationToken,
+    /// Fired once the child process has exited and been reaped (after [`Peer::kill`],
+    /// also what it started); at once when there is no child.
+    exited: CancellationToken,
 }

 impl Inner {
@@ -432,6 +438,7 @@ impl Peer {
                    (child.wait().await.ok(), true)
                }
            };
+            inner.exited.cancel();
            if !killed {
                // Bounded: a grandchild may keep the pipes open.
                let drained = async {
@@ -510,7 +517,11 @@ impl Peer {
            kill: CancellationToken::new(),
            pid,
            reader_done: CancellationToken::new(),
+            exited: CancellationToken::new(),
        });
+        if pid.is_none() {
+            inner.exited.cancel();
+        }

        // Writer: a single task drains the queue so messages never interleave.
        {
@@ -704,6 +715,13 @@ impl Peer {
        self.inner.close_transport();
        self.inner.kill.cancel();
    }
+
+    /// Resolves once the child process is gone: exited on its own, or killed with what it
+    /// started and reaped. [`closed`](Self::closed) can come earlier, at EOF. Until then the
+    /// child may still hold files open, which on Windows can't be deleted.
+    pub async fn exited(&self) {
+        self.inner.exited.cancelled().await;
+    }
 }

 /// Removes the pending entry and tells the remote side to stop when a request
@@ -740,7 +758,8 @@ enum Incoming {

 async fn handle_request(inner: Arc<Inner>, handler: Arc<dyn Handler>, id: Value, method: String, params: Value) {
    let m = method.clone();
-    let result = tokio::task::spawn_blocking(move || handler.on_request_with_data(&m, params)).await;
+    let h = handler.clone();
+    let result = tokio::task::spawn_blocking(move || h.on_request_with_data(&m, params)).await;
    let reply = match result {
        Ok(Ok(result)) => json!({ "jsonrpc": "2.0", "id": id, "result": result }),
        Ok(Err((code, message, data))) => {
@@ -755,7 +774,9 @@ async fn handle_request(inner: Arc<Inner>, handler: Arc<dyn Handler>, id: Value,
            "error": { "code": codes::INTERNAL_ERROR, "message": format!("handler for {method} panicked") }
        }),
    };
-    let _ = inner.send_value(&reply);
+    if inner.send_value(&reply).is_ok() {
+        handler.after_response(&method);
+    }
 }

 fn dispatch(inner: &Arc<Inner>, notif_tx: &std::sync::mpsc::Sender<Incoming>, body: &[u8]) {
@@ -251,6 +251,34 @@ async fn server_to_client_request() {
    assert!(matches!(err, RpcError::Server { code: codes::METHOD_NOT_FOUND, .. }));
 }

+#[tokio::test(flavor = "multi_thread")]
+async fn after_response_messages_follow_the_response() {
+    #[derive(Default)]
+    struct Client(std::sync::OnceLock<Peer>);
+    impl Handler for Client {
+        fn on_notification(&self, _: &str, _: Value) {}
+        fn on_request(&self, _: &str, _: Value) -> Result<Value, (i64, String)> {
+            Ok(json!("answer"))
+        }
+        fn after_response(&self, method: &str) {
+            self.0.get().unwrap().notify("after", method).unwrap();
+        }
+    }
+    let client = Arc::new(Client::default());
+    let (client_io, server_io) = duplex(64 * 1024);
+    let (cr, cw) = tokio::io::split(client_io);
+    assert!(client.0.set(Peer::connect(cr, cw, client.clone())).is_ok());
+    let (sr, mut sw) = tokio::io::split(server_io);
+    let request = br#"{"jsonrpc":"2.0","id":1,"method":"workspace/configuration","params":{}}"#;
+    framing::write_message(&mut sw, request).await.unwrap();
+    let mut reader = tokio::io::BufReader::new(sr);
+    let mut next = async || -> Value {
+        serde_json::from_slice(&framing::read_message(&mut reader).await.unwrap().unwrap()).unwrap()
+    };
+    assert_eq!(next().await, json!({ "jsonrpc": "2.0", "id": 1, "result": "answer" }));
+    assert_eq!(next().await, json!({ "jsonrpc": "2.0", "method": "after", "params": "workspace/configuration" }));
+}
+
 #[tokio::test(flavor = "multi_thread")]
 async fn requests_start_after_the_notifications_before_them() {
    // `seen` answers with the notifications handled so far; handling one is slow.
@@ -413,6 +441,65 @@ async fn kill_terminates_process() {
    tokio::time::timeout(Duration::from_secs(5), peer.closed()).await.unwrap();
 }

+#[cfg(unix)]
+#[tokio::test(flavor = "multi_thread")]
+async fn exited_resolves_once_the_killed_process_is_reaped() {
+    let peer =
+        Peer::spawn("sleep", &["30".into()], &std::env::temp_dir(), &[], Arc::new(NoopHandler), Box::new(|_| {}))
+            .unwrap();
+    let pid = peer.pid().unwrap().to_string();
+    let exited = tokio::time::timeout(Duration::from_millis(200), peer.exited()).await;
+    assert!(exited.is_err(), "running until killed");
+    peer.kill();
+    tokio::time::timeout(Duration::from_secs(5), peer.exited()).await.unwrap();
+    let alive = std::process::Command::new("kill").args(["-0", &pid]).status().unwrap().success();
+    assert!(!alive, "reaped, not even a zombie");
+}
+
+#[tokio::test(flavor = "multi_thread")]
+async fn exited_resolves_at_once_without_a_process() {
+    let (client, _server) = pair(Arc::new(NoopHandler), Arc::new(Recorder::default()));
+    tokio::time::timeout(Duration::from_secs(1), client.exited()).await.unwrap();
+}
+
+#[cfg(windows)]
+#[tokio::test(flavor = "multi_thread")]
+async fn exited_waits_for_a_windows_descendant_to_release_its_file() {
+    use std::os::windows::fs::OpenOptionsExt;
+    let tmp = tempfile::tempdir().unwrap();
+    std::fs::write(
+        tmp.path().join("hold.ps1"),
+        "$f=[IO.File]::Open('locked.txt','Create','ReadWrite','None'); [IO.File]::WriteAllText('ready.txt','ready'); Start-Sleep 30",
+    )
+    .unwrap();
+    let peer = Peer::spawn(
+        "cmd",
+        &[
+            "/D".into(),
+            "/C".into(),
+            "powershell -NoProfile -NonInteractive -ExecutionPolicy Bypass -File hold.ps1".into(),
+        ],
+        tmp.path(),
+        &[],
+        Arc::new(NoopHandler),
+        Box::new(|_| {}),
+    )
+    .unwrap();
+    tokio::time::timeout(Duration::from_secs(10), async {
+        while !tmp.path().join("ready.txt").exists() {
+            tokio::time::sleep(Duration::from_millis(10)).await;
+        }
+    })
+    .await
+    .unwrap();
+    let open = || std::fs::OpenOptions::new().read(true).share_mode(0).open(tmp.path().join("locked.txt"));
+    assert_eq!(open().unwrap_err().raw_os_error(), Some(32));
+    assert!(tokio::time::timeout(Duration::from_millis(200), peer.exited()).await.is_err());
+    peer.kill();
+    tokio::time::timeout(Duration::from_secs(5), peer.exited()).await.unwrap();
+    drop(open().expect("exited must wait for the descendant's file handle to close"));
+}
+
 /// A launcher that prints in the system code page and exits before speaking the
 /// protocol: `jdtls.bat` on a Chinese Windows when its Python step fails, then
 /// `pause` prints `请按任意键继续. . .` in GBK on stdout.
@@ -60,6 +60,9 @@ pub struct LanguageConfig {
    /// External formatter used when no language server can format, or selected in settings.
    #[serde(default)]
    pub formatter: Option<FormatterConfig>,
+    /// Content of a new scratch file; `$END$` marks where the caret goes.
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub scratch_template: Option<String>,
 }

 /// An external formatting tool and its language-specific parser.
@@ -131,6 +134,16 @@ pub struct LanguageServerConfig {
    /// basedpyright): only used while none of those is installed.
    #[serde(default)]
    pub fallback: bool,
+    /// What the server is used for (`completion`, `code-action`, `diagnostics`,
+    /// … `FEATURES` in `ide-lsp/src/caps.rs`); empty means everything. The other
+    /// capabilities it announces are ignored, so a refactoring-only server next
+    /// to the language's own one adds no completion, hover or formatting.
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub features: Vec<String>,
+    /// Code action kinds kept from the server, matched like LSP's `only`
+    /// (`refactor` keeps `refactor.extract`); empty keeps every kind.
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub code_action_kinds: Vec<String>,
    /// Newest Java release the server runs on (kotlin-language-server: 21). A
    /// newer `JAVA_HOME` is replaced by the newest installed JDK that fits.
    #[serde(default)]
@@ -142,6 +155,11 @@ pub struct LanguageServerConfig {
    /// Register source files with tsserver when no project configuration exists.
    #[serde(default)]
    pub tsserver_project: bool,
+    /// Re-sends the open documents (unchanged) once `workspace/configuration` is answered:
+    /// the server (Intelephense) applies some settings, such as the PHP version, only when
+    /// it parses a document.
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub resync_on_configuration: bool,
    /// Set on plugin languages: start exactly this approved program.
    #[serde(skip)]
    pub pinned: Option<ProgramPin>,
@@ -232,6 +250,10 @@ pub struct LanguageInfo {
    #[serde(default)]
    #[specta(optional)]
    pub first_line: Option<String>,
+    /// Content of a new scratch file; `$END$` marks where the caret goes.
+    #[serde(default)]
+    #[specta(optional)]
+    pub scratch_template: Option<String>,
 }

 impl From<&LanguageConfig> for LanguageInfo {
@@ -248,6 +270,7 @@ impl From<&LanguageConfig> for LanguageInfo {
            language_servers: c.language_servers.iter().map(|s| s.name.clone()).collect(),
            filenames: c.filenames.clone(),
            first_line: c.first_line.clone(),
+            scratch_template: c.scratch_template.clone(),
        }
    }
 }
@@ -772,6 +772,10 @@ mod tests {
                    assert!(addr.parse::<std::net::SocketAddr>().is_ok(), "{name}: bad connect address {addr}");
                }
            }
+            if let Some(t) = &cfg.scratch_template {
+                assert_eq!(t.matches("$END$").count(), 1, "{name}: scratch-template needs one $END$");
+                assert!(!cfg.extensions.is_empty(), "{name}: scratch-template without an extension");
+            }
            for ext in &cfg.extensions {
                assert_eq!(ext, &ext.to_ascii_lowercase(), "{name}: extensions must be lower case");
                assert!(!ext.starts_with('.'), "{name}: extension {ext} must not start with a dot");